Architectural Portfolio, Selected 2016-2021

Architectural Portfolio Dilara Özlü

Selected works 2016-2021

Dilara Özlü June 17th, 1996 Copenhagen, Denmark +45 52 78 57 84 dilara.ozlu@tedu.edu.tr

She is interested in sustainability in architecture and, her recent projects focus on circular design with the use of computational design tools.

EDUCATION

2022.01-Present

The New School, Parson School of Design

Healtier Materials and Sustainable Building

2021.08

Forenginen Maker Summer School Distributed Design

2019.09-2021.06

The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, School of Architecture, MA, Computation

VOLUNTEER EXPERIENCES

TED University, Department of Architecture Bachelors, Honor Student, Turkey

PUBLICATIONS

2021.10

EXPERIENCES

2021.07-Present

Production and Testing Assistant, Rokoko

2021.02-2021.06

Part-time Intern, Natural Material Studio

2020.09-2021.02

Part-time Intern, KHR Architecture

2020.05-2021.01

Freelance, Illustration maker

2018.08-2018.09 2018.06-2018.08

CEES 2021 Conference

Paper abstract publication & research presentation

WORKSHOPS

2019.11

DigitalFUTURE: Architectural Geometry and Habitat, lead by ZHCode

Robotic Profile Bending Industry, CITA collaborated workshop with Kvadrat Soft Cells

2019.10

Bridging the Gap, CITA

2019.09

Print Fast, Pile High, ZHCode

2019.09

Circular Materialities, CITA

Producing weekly post and monthly info-graphics for an AAC communication tool app.

Student Intern, Apollon Smintheion Excavation

Voluntary Internship. Digitalizing the hand-drawn archive.

Student Intern, Gökhan Aksoy Architects

Designing architectural catalogue and rearranging the archive of the office.

Student Intern, YDA Söğütözü Office and Residence Project

Member of Board of Directors, Architecture and Design Society of TEDU

Robotic fabrication, molding, CNC milling machine, 3D printing, scaning, computational design, material exploration, cellulose mixture, circularity in architecture, panel structure designing.

Model maker

2017.06-2017.09

2020.02

2020.06

Material experimenting and fabrication designing

Student Intern, Gökhan Aksoy Architects

Visual Editor, The VOID Mag

Helping the visual designers and writers to communicate with each other, arranging meetings and making monthly schedules, producing collages, editing visuals.

Active participant. Robotic fabrication, wire cutting, computational design, prefabric design, customization, aggregation.

Taking part and making the Smart Suits

2018.01-2018.02

Graphic Designer, PR of Student Council at TEDU

Visual production for social media accounts, hard-copy designs for events.

Arranged workshops and opening coctails.

Robotic fabrication, molding, CNC milling machine, 3D printing, scaning, computational design, material exploration, cellulose mixture, circularity in architecture, panel designing.

Understanding the material behaviour, 3D clay printing, working through design led approaches and methods specific to 3D printing.

Material making and grading and it’s connection to architectural behaviour, recycled glass, robotic printing process and workflow

Voluntary Internship. Taking measurements from CAD files.

SKILLS

Rhino, Grasshopper,AutoCAD, Sketchup, InDesign, Illustrator, Photoshop, Python, Water coloring, Hand drawing.

LANGUAGE

Turkish, native English, IELTS 6.5 overall score Danish, beginner level, UCplus Danish course

Make analysis of the construction process, take daily notes for the construction team, documentation.

AWARDS, ACHIVEMENTS

2016.9-2018.04

2015.9-2016.06

in Architecture, Copenhagen, Denmark

2014.09-2019.06

2017.09.2019.06

The Roof Coliving Meet-Up Speech: Circular Economy in Architecture

Circular economy in architecture, examples in product design, small scale and large scale accomodation design in Denmark

Content 1-6

Architecture of Reforestation Thesis Research, 2021 7-10

Lotus

Velux International Competition, 2020 11-14

Circular Materialities Workshop, 2019 15-20

On This Earth

Undergraduation Project, 2015

21-26

Change Climate Change

Undergraduation Project, 2019 27-30

Factory District

Undergraduation Project, 2018 31-34

Nature, Garden, Process Exhibition, 2021 31-34

Starch Based Bioplastic

from a Space Divider to a Green House Graduate Project, 2019-2020

1 Architecture of Reforestation Thesis Research, 2021 Advisor: Paul Nicholas

The research presented in this portfolio explores new possibilities of fabrication methods with a living material mycelium. This emerging material has the potentials to be discovered in many fields as well as in architecture. However, very strict application technics used is a challenge for scaling up and geometry explorations. Also, mycelium not always been investigated fully to discover the architectural potentials during its growth since it is dried. Most of the recent applications found in the literature for mycelium is done by placing it inside mass-produced rectangular molds to be shaped and because mycelium is dried afterwards, the natural growth of mycelium in its environment is not analyzed.

This research will focus on growing mycelium in custom handwoven molds. The weaved molds will be studied with different substrate recipes and thread types to understand the material response. Mycelium will be kept alive in the later stages to be used in reforestation to enrich

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the biodiversity by increasing the soil quality and sustaining a healthier forest ecosystem by mycorrhizal relationship.

The use of mycelium will not only be better for reforestation results but also mycelium architecture presented in this project aims a healthier and stronger human-nature relationship by teaching through making, series of activities and time.

The morphology of nature woven architecture is informed by the species used. Each fungus is unique and has its special characteristics where some like growing in cool environments and some warm and some over the leaf and on the tree trunk. This exploration also questions the fabrication of living materials in a non-sterile environment and challenges which might arise during shifting from sterile lab to nature.

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fruting body

mycelium

hypea

Meso-scale

Micro-scale

network root system

Macro-scale

My woven mycelium architecture Specie: G.lucidum

Fungi structure, sourced and adapted from Haneef M., 2017

The material studied in this research is a living material.

Because the material itself grows over time, the visitors will experience new colors and textures every time they visit the site. When the fruiting season arrives, mushrooms will appear on the architecture.

Mycelium is a biodegradable material. Thus, visitors will not only experience material’s physical change, but they will also learn the making process of the architecture. They will experience the full cycle of the material, starting with the weaving the scaffold till it falls apart and decomposing fully in the soil.

3 Architecture of Reforestation

pink oyster

march

april

may

september

late autumn

wood chip

wool

card board mycelium wood chip mixture wood chip

wool

card board wool

cotton

size: 1.8m x 1.2m x 0.8m

Mushrooms are very unique kingdoms and each has its own characteristic. They are used in mycoforestry for different purposes. In this project, referring to the regulations published by the Danish Nature Agency, the followings are aimed to be achieved: -filtering the water for a healtier water ecosystem.

-enriching the soil by decomposition of the material in a shorter time.

-strengthening the forest ecosystem through mycorrhizal connections below ground.

The manufacturing process of mycelium architecture is informed by different parameters such as the following: weaving strategy, thread type strategy and filling strategy.

For instance, the filling strategy for mycelium architecture on the deck has a similar layering system as the ones we see in mycofiltration.

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Density logic

Thread type logic

stress anaylises

top surface

wool

wool

wool

cotton

wool

cotton

wool

cotton

cotton

cotton

*Tensile strength comperasion: cotton > jute > wool

5 Architecture of Reforestation

pattern logic: shifting

cotton cotton

less dense very dense

wool mycelium shreeded beech wood wool

Computational design tools can help designers to understand material behaviour. Mycelium is a strong material under compression. However, tension capacity is very low. Thus, because woven scaffolds are tension-based structures, they improve the strength capacity of the material.

However, it is still very important to give the right tread type decisions. To do this, strength analyses are studied. Because the cotton has higher tensile capacity compared with wool, surfaces that are low under tension has more layers of woven wool.

Also, radiation analyses can be used to predict mushroom formation throughout the year.

dense

radiation

Clitocybe fragrans, min.radiation

Buresø radition anaylises, from May to October

Beech tree

3.2m, Hypoxylon fragiforme, min.radiation

Hypholoma fasciculare, radiation

Laccaria amethstina, min.radiation Clitocybe fragrans, min.radiation Daedalea quercina

Hypoxylon fragiforme, min.radiation Laccaria amethstina, min.radiation

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2 Lotus

Velux International Competition, 2020 Team member: Tessira Reyes Crawford In the Baltic Sea, you find a growing population of algae that is spurred by polluted water, the warming of the planet and the wind. The more algae that are concentrated on the water’s surface the less daylight can reach the plants that live at the seabed. These plants produce oxygen through photosynthesis that allows marine life and insects to survive. However, if the daylight doesn’t reach the seabed, the plants won’t produce enough oxygen, resulting in a “dead zone”.

We designed Lotus, an object printed with a transparent, polycarbonate-like material, a rigid light pipe altering the direct light’s path through its printed volume. Lotus’s purpose is to draw light from above the water body’s covered surface through the algae and into the water towards the plants at its seabed.

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8

2018

2015

Current

9 Lotus

2015

Potential

2019

Algea bloom

2014

Nutrients

2017

Hollow

2013

Bio-plastic

2016 Terrarium

Lotus was also designed to be a terrarium filled with enough bioplastic to not only encourage buoyancy but also provide nutrients for small plants and insects that are necessary to clean the surface of the water.

2013 2012

Insects

Lotus is designed to refract light into the water based on the curvature of the material as it bends, allowing the plants to receive diffused daylight beyond the direct day light’s small radius.

The Lotus’s diffused light will produce a brighter field of light over the plants at the seabed, encouraging photosynthesis for the production of oxygen.

Brightness increases as the magnitude of the vector decreases along the light’s path.

Algae Algae bloom bloom

Clear Clear surface surface dark

Murky Murky body body of water of water

02 02

Daylit Daylit body body of water of water

02 02

02 02 02 02

Plants Plants are are unable unable to to produce produce oxygen oxygen

02 02

02 02 02 02 02 02

02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 Accura 6002(SLA) 02 0Direct 2 light 02 02 print 02 material 02 02 02 0 2 02 Light ray’s 02 02 Plants Plants are are direction and 02 02 magnitude ableable to produce to produce

02 02 02 02

02 02

oxygen oxygen

Clear Clear surface surface encourages encourages photosynthesis photosynthesis

Covered Covered surface surface discourages discourages photosynthesis photosynthesisbrigh

t

Refracted light ray

Bright

Dim

Massing study

Ray-tracing piped light

Bioplastic Recipe: o 80 gr water o 10 gr patato starch o 10 gr glycerine o 15 gr vinegar Brightness increases as the magnitude of the vector decreases along the light’s path.

dark Accura 60 (SLA) print material

Direct light

Later, the mixture is heated at 2 on an electronic cooking plate.

Once, the liquid is as dense as gravy, paper pulps are added.

Light ray’s direction and magnitude

bright

Refracted light ray

Bright

Dim

Ray-tracing piped light

All of the materials are added to a pot. They are mixed till there are no lumps of potato starch.

Massing study

To 3D print with starch-based bioplastic, the material must cool down and thicken.

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3 Circular Materialities

Workshop, 2019 Team member: Jaume Mercader, Guro Tyse, Nihit Borpujari, Martynas Seskas, Joonseok Pak, Radames Douriet Lopez, Ananyabrata Ghosh, Simona Hnídková, Jack Young Circular Materialities Workshop focuses on material investigation of recycled glass powder.

Recycled glass powder material performance is studied by making connections to architectural design. During the materialisation process, 3D printers are used as tools to design more complex systems.

We will investigate material grading as means to integrate and exploit particular material properties within the design process, sensing techniques to register material performance across the making, fabrication and curing process, and develop critical understandings of the relationship between material deposition and robotic fabrication workflows [1].

[1] CITAstudio program 2019/20 new material futures: addictive manufacture with bio-based materials

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Recycled glass powder can be used for many different purposes in the industry. Glass powder making process includes various steps, such as sorting, screening, crushing, presoaking, washing, dewatering, and drying.

In the workshop, glass powder is mixed with water, xanthan gun and coloring powders.

One of the chalanges of using powder glass is reaching a certain thickness and shrinkage percentage of the material.

Because glass powder melts, it is hard to mantain thick material. However, playng with the cooking and temperature parametres of the oven, helped the glass dough to stay together.

Space divider model, at CITA Studio

Material test, radius test (before firing and after firing)

Material test, nozzle speed test (before firing and after firing)

13 Circular Materialities

Space divider model, at CITA Studio

Pattern

Prediction

Before firing

After firing

Parakeet is used as a plugin to design various patterns. As a thickness strategy, layers of different patterns are overlapped.

Two different technics is used to fill the 3D printer tube. Gradient change of the color was only possible when one tube was filled with different colored glass dough. Else, (see image on the left), when different tubes are used to print different colored doughs, color merge didn’t happen.

A grasshopper script is used to speculate material behaviour. This allows designers to have more control over both the printed pattern and end result

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4 On This Earth

Undergraduate Project, 2017 Tutors: Berin Gür, Derin İnan, Can Aker, Bilge İmamoğlu, Gökhan Kınayoğlu The project located in the Salt Lake, Turkey, allows visitors to experience nature from a new perspective. People will experience the horizon during different times of the day: the daytime and while the sun is setting. They will view the lake from various heights and orientations.

Semi-closed spaces are distributed on the site, starting from the hill towards Salt Lake.

While visitors walk at this lake, they will have an opportunity to view the lake from different levels and perspectives. Each space is designed individually, so they are unique and in each, the experience will be also different.

Concrete is used as the main building material to create a contrast between two natural materials: soil and salt.

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16

Empowering directionality towards horizon

Enriching the beauty of horizon

Enriching the beauty of hills Top view

1

The first outdoor space is located on the hill facing towards the lake. Spaces are located 500 metres apart from each other.

The second main space has an important role - human orientation is shifted.

People are directed from one space to the other with the wooden guides buried on the ground.

17 On This Earth

2

Site section

Salt Lake is the second largest lake in Turkey and it is one of the largest hypersaline lakes in the world (see the image on the left).

Sunset at Salt Lake

3

4

5

18

1

2

Partial 3D Model

1

19 On This Earth

2

3

4

Top view and elevation

4

5

Spaces are designed to refer to Cappadocia - a historical region in Turkey that is also known as fairy chimnies. Formation of the landscape goes all the way back to an explosion that happened at Mountain Erciyes. Later in the Paleolithic era, humans started settling and creating their own spaces by excavating masses of rocks from fairy chimney looking mountains.

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5 Change Climate Change

Undergraduate Project, 2019 Tutors: Namık Günay Erkal, Esatcan Coşkun, Heves Beşeli, Duygu Tüntaş Karaman The land studied in this project is the trade hall of Ankara. It is situated in between AOC and Ankamall Shopping Centre. The program is developed by analysing the near environment and it is also influenced by the designer’s interests.

The trade hall is transformed into a wellness centre. The wellness centre is designed for both rehabilitating the people who visit the site and the surrounding environment. Therefore, the program contains both a research centre and a conventional treatment centre. It also has a zone that includes cafes, studying rooms, exhibition halls and conference rooms where people who visit the site can socialize.

There is only pedestrian access to the site. The site also acts as a continuation of the greenland of AOC.

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Ankara Stream, which is the extension of the Sakarya River, starts from the east of Ankara and extends to the city centre.

One of the biggest problems of the Ankara Stream is water pollution. As the pollution increased over the years, the upper surface of a part of the stream was closed because it caused a bad smell.

Map of Ankara Stream

23 Change Climate Change

Landuse around Ankara Stream

2009

2015

2021

Change in time, Ataturk Forest Farm

Site anaylises and strategies

Area mapping

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The site studied is transformed into a rehabilitation centre both for nature and visitors. It is containing the flora of Ankara and becomes a new part of AOC with the planted rich species.

The site before interference

The site after interference

Ankara stream, the part which passes through the site, is opened.

Now, the visitors can come and enjoy the freshwater.

The stream is used as a tool to group the program on the site. Each building block that responds to a specific program has its own water resource with a deck which can be used by the visitors.

Busy main roads

Pedestrian access

Vehicle access

Approach to site - small scale A

WellnessCentre -Meditation rooms -Conventional treatment rooms - Aroma-theraphy rooms -Hotel

B

Research Centre -Water treatment and research centre -Recycling research centre - Seed and plant research centre -Food research centre -Labs -Meeting rooms -Offices

C

A

C

Socializing Centre -Organic shops -Restaurants and cafes which cook with organic products - Showrooms for crafts -Meeting rooms -Stock rooms

25 Change Climate Change

B

Program

Building B, entrance plan

Building B, first floor plan

Sections

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6 Factory District

Undergraduate Project, 2018 Tutors: Berin Gür, Can Aker, Ziya İmren, Esatcan Coşkun, Güneş Duyul Eskişehir Factory District zone is a historical place and the site we were working on had a very old warehouse. The aim of the design was to bring a new perspective to learning, therefore visual experiment besides practical experience is very important. This gave a start to explode the layers of the warehouse and giving an opportunity to the visitors to analyse the tissue from different heights on the platforms located in the warehouse. The warehouse is re-designed to be used as a cafe and an exhibition hall.

Additional to this mass, there was a research centre with libraries and studying spaces open to public use. The facade of the research lab is transparent therefore people who pass nearby will analyse the process of tearing the layers apart.

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-1.6

-2.5 +0.0

-2.5

-4.0

-3.2 -3.6

-0.4

28

+7.0

+2.0

+0.0

+0.0

-0.8

-0.8

-1.6

-1.6 -2.5

-2.5

+0.0 -4.0

-3.2

-2.5

-4.0

-2.5 -3.6

-3.6

-0.4

-4.0

-4.0

+4.0

29 Factory District

Entrance plan

-3.2

First floor plan

-0.4

Experiencing different layers of information are one of the focuses of this project. Thus, some parts of the warehouse are kept as it is and strengthened, The wall paintings are peeled for showcasing the layers beneath.

1896 Evoluation of the site

1956

2018

Visitors will walk in between and through exploded walls experiencing layers in a different perspective. Also, visitors can view different parts of the town from different heights.

Elevation

Section

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7 Nature, Garden, Process

Exhibition Participant, 2021 Workshop executives: Raul Estudioama, Stefano Turco, Derya Irkdas Dogu in collaboration with Arkas Sanat Merkezi, Intitut francais de Turquie, IUE Faculty of Fine Arts Mycelium, which is also known as fungal colonies, is the complex branched networking system that becomes visible as white tissues called hyphae [1]. They cover a large space under the soil. They are also one of the important species on earth which continues Carbon cycle by decomposing the waste. Indeed, they help communication between plants, and it is very important to have fungi diversity in a forest for stronger and healthier ecosystem.

The images presented in the exhibition are outputs of a thesis research [2]. The forest studied is called Buresø and it is located in Copenhagen, Denmark. Different visualization tools are used to express the relationship of mycelium networks and tree species. With a computational design tool, the underground mycelium network of Buresø forest is speculated. With a FARO Scanner, the site is scanned, and it is studied in a section drawing. Last of all, biodiversity

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enrichment through design of the landscape referring to reforestation regulations publish by the Danish Nature Agency is speculated over the years. For this study, the mushroom specie data of the Buresø forest is downloaded from GBIF -the Global Biodiversity Information Facility [3].

[1] Bracco, A. R., Biological Re:Evolution The Resilient Science of Mycelium Design, Californian Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, pg.446-451, Open: Technology.

[2] D. Ozlu, P. Nicholas, Architecture of Reforestation: Mycelium as a new building material and design of the fibrous woven scaffolds.

[3] “GBIF Backbone Taxonomy”, Fungi in GBIF Secretariat, Checklist dataset https://doi. org/10.15468/39omei.

Buresø Orman kesiti

Kayın ağacı

Mantar

Miselyum

Ağaç kökü

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Buresø Ormanı, Miselyum toprak altı ağ sistemi Amanita citrina Amanita muscaria Amanita pantherina Amanita rubescens Amaropostia stiptica Apioperdon pyriforme Armillaria ostoyae Ascocoryne cylichnium Ascocoryne sarcoides Athelia epiphylla Auricularia auricula-judae Bispora antennata Bisporella citrina Bjerkandera adusta Bjerkandera fumosa Boletus edulis Boletus ferrugineus Botryobasidium aureum Bulgaria inquinans Byssomerulius corium Calocera viscosa Cerioporus mollis Chlorophyllum olivieri Chondrostereum purpureum Clitocybe fragrans Clitocybe nebularis Clitopilus prunulus Colpoma quercinum Coprinellus micaceus Coprinopsis picacea Cortinarius alboviolaceus Cortinarius bolaris Cortinarius torvus Craterellus tubaeformis Crepidotus pallidus Cyanosporus alni Dacrymyces stillatus Daedalea quercina Eutypa spinosa Exidia glandulosa Exidia nigricans Exidia pithya Exidia recisa Exidia thuretiana Flammulina velutipes Fomes fomentarius Fomitopsis pinicola Galerina sideroides Ganoderma applanatum Gloeophyllum sepiarium Gymnopilus penetrans Helvella crispa Hohenbuehelia serotina Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca Hygrophorus discoxanthus Hygrophorus pustulatus Hymenochaete rubiginosa Hymenopellis radicata Hypholoma capnoides Hypholoma fasciculare Hypoxylon fragiforme Ischnoderma benzoinum Jackrogersella cohaerens Kretzschmaria deusta Kuehneromyces mutabilis Laccaria amethystina Laccaria laccata Lactarius blennius Lactarius quietus Lactarius subdulcis Leccinum versipelle Lentinellus ursinus Lentinus brumalis Lenzites betulinus Lepiota cristata Lycoperdon excipuliforme

33 Nature, Garden, Process

Lycoperdon perlatum Macrolepiota procera Marasmiellus peronatus Megacollybia platyphylla Meripilus giganteus Mycena crocata Mycena galericulata Mycena pelianthina Mycena polygramma Mycena pura Mycena rosea Mycena sanguinolenta Mycena vitilis Mycetinis alliaceus Myxarium nucleatum Neoantrodia serialis Neoboletus luridiformis Neobulgaria pura Orbilia xanthostigma Panellus stipticus Paralepista flaccida Paxillus involutus Peniophora incarnata Peniophora quercina Phlebia radiata Pholiota lenta Physisporinus vitreus Pleurotus ostreatus Pleurotus pulmonarius Plicaturopsis crispa Pluteus cervinus Pluteus cervinus Postia caesia Postia ptychogaster Psathyrella piluliformis Pseudoclitocybe cyathiformis Radulomyces confluens Rhodocollybia butyracea Rhytisma acerinum Rickenella fibula Russula atropurpurea Russula cyanoxantha Russula fellea Russula nobilis Russula vesca Schizophyllum commune Scleroderma citrinum Scutellinia scutellata Skeletocutis amorpha Skeletocutis carneogrisea Skeletocutis nemoralis Steccherinum ochraceum Stereum hirsutum Stereum hirsutum Stereum rugosum Stereum subtomentosum Strobilurus esculentus Stropharia cyanea Trametes gibbosa Trametes hirsuta Trametes versicolor Tremella mesenterica Trichaptum abietinum Trichoderma europaeum Tricholoma sulphureum Tubaria furfuracea Vuilleminia comedens Xanthoria parietina Xerocomellus chrysenteron Xerocomellus porosporus Xerocomellus pruinatus Xylaria carpophila Xylaria hypoxylon Xylaria longipes Xylaria longipes Xylodon sambuci

Ischnoderma benzoinum Jackrogersella cohaerens Kretzschmaria deusta Kuehneromyces mutabilis Laccaria amethystina Laccaria laccata Lactarius blennius Lactarius quietus Lactarius subdulcis Leccinum versipelle Lentinellus ursinus Lentinus brumalis Lenzites betulinus Lepiota cristata Lycoperdon excipuliforme

Tremella mesenterica Trichaptum abietinum Trichoderma europaeum Tricholoma sulphureum Tubaria furfuracea Vuilleminia comedens Xanthoria parietina Xerocomellus chrysenteron Xerocomellus porosporus Xerocomellus pruinatus Xylaria carpophila Xylaria hypoxylon Xylaria longipes Xylaria longipes Xylodon sambuci

Buresø Ormanı, Ağaçlandırma yönetmelikleri ile biyoçeşitlilik zenginleşmesi 25 yıl sonra

1 yıl sonra

2 yıl sonra

3 yıl sonra

4 yıl sonra

5 yıl sonra

6 yıl sonra

10 yıl sonra

25 yıl sonra

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8 Starch Based Bioplastic, Space Divider Graduate Project, 2018 Tutors: Paul Nicholas

Because of the industrial revolution and an increase in the number of factories, today we are doing mass production. This is affecting the world’s natural resources and resulting in climate change, global warming and all the other environmental crisis because we are producing more than our needs. With a rapid change from agriculture and stock-raising to this kind of production, our perceived value is also evolving and causing us to use raw sources without awareness. As a result, today we are running out of earth’s natural non-renewable resources and throwing lots of waste into the environment.

Therefore, lots of companies are changing their economic model from linear economy to circular economy both for reducing the harm given to nature and to earn profit.

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A sustainable screen for dividing space into two is designed by stacking plant-based bioplastic cork frames side by side. The aim is to adapt the life cycle of a material the circular economy model.

Because bioplastic deforms the surface while drying naturally, computational tools are used to make a deep analysis the motion. Comparison between the real model and digital model helped to understand why in some situaitons the bioplastic frame was cracking.

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The material investigation aims for controlling shrinkage rate and transparency. Various recipes are tested and ingredient percentage is changed. To control the transparency clay is added as a material to the starch-based bioplastic. Clay not only helped the designer to play with the translucency, but also it increased the strength of the material.

Bioplastic material investigation

37 Starch Based Bioplastic, Space Divider

Karamba 3D is used as a plug-in at Grasshopper to simulate the shrinkage which happens during material dries-water evaporation.

This tool is beneficial to detect where tearings will happen.

Exploring different framing patterns

6 cm

6.5 cm

7 cm

7.5 cm

8 cm

8.5 cm

Exploring frame sizes

1:1 model

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8 Starch Based Bioplastic, Green House Graduate Project, 2018 Tutors: Gabriella Rossi

Today we are seeing a transformation from a linear economy model to a circular economy model and bioplastic is a perfect material that will fit this cycle. Bioplastic is very commonly used in the packaging and food industry.

However, we could still see applications in architecture and construction.

The bioplastic used in this project is starch-based bioplastic. Starch-based bioplastic’s resistance to water and heat is very low, and this makes this material perfect for temporary usage. Besides this, when bioplastic dries, it deforms the surface and this makes it possible to control the size of the cross-section of the bioplastic sheet on the greenhouse.

In the project, it is speculated that the formed bioplastic facade, creates a buffer between inside and outside. Because of this, temperature change during the day and night is minimized.

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Test 4: Controling the temperature during drying

Test 4: Controling the temperature during drying

First day

Third day 20 C 80 ml water 10 gr patato starch 15 ml vinegar 10 gr glycerine cooking time: 9 minutes

24 C 80 ml water 10 gr patato starch 15 ml vinegar 10 gr glycerine cooking time: 9 minutes

28 C 80 ml water 10 gr patato starch 15 ml vinegar 10 gr glycerine

5C

10 C

20 C

24 C

28 C

cooking time: 9 minutes

Shrinkage increases from 10C to 24C, and no shrinkage happens below 10C and over 24C Equale deformation consistent from 10C to 24C

Ductility decreases Flexibility decreases between 10 C and 24 C Ductility increases Flexibility increases under 10 C and ove 24 C *84& water + 16% vinegar homogeneus solution 10 ml solution evoporates in 2 minutes

Exploring Patterns, individual pieces of cork Thickness of the cork: 5 mm

Scaling and Recursive Patterns

Force from the points: 0.1

Thickness of the cork: 5 mm

13.0cm

4.5cm

Variety of making technics are tested for controlling shrinkage.

As a result, the samples are dried at different temperatures. This allows the designer to control the shrinkage of bioplastic (see the two images at the top).

Different patterns are tested and as a result, recursive patterns are used as a pattern-making method to control the gap sizes.

Karamba 3D is used to demonstrate material deformation in real-time.

Comparing the digital model and physical prototype gives an opportunity to designers to both understand the material behaviour and speculate the result better.

1.01cm

Bioplastic material investigation

41 Starch Based Bioplastic, Greenhouse

Force from the points: 0.04

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.02

Transparency of the bioplastic is studied and it is controlled by adding different ratios of paper pulp. This gives an opportunity to grow plants with different radiation needs (please see the next page, the radiation study).

Recipe I 80 ml water 10 gr patato starch 15 ml vinegar 10 gr glycerine

Recipe II

Recipe II

Recipe II

Recipe II

with 8% paper pulp

with 11% paper pulp

with 14% paper pulp

with 14% paper pulp, homogeneus mixture

80 ml water 10 gr patato starch 15 ml vinegar 10 gr glycerine 10 gr paper pulp

e analysis and its relationship with buffer volume of the cork: 5 mm

e analysis and its relationship with buffer volume of the cork: 5 mm

80 ml water 10 gr patato starch 15 ml vinegar 10 gr glycerine 15 gr paper pulp

80 ml water 10 gr patato starch 15 ml vinegar 10 gr glycerine 20 gr paper pulp

80 ml water 10 gr patato starch 15 ml vinegar 10 gr glycerine 20 gr paper pulp

Exploring Volumes by Overlaping skins-volume analysis Thickness of the cork: 5 mm

Exploring Volumes by Overlaping skins-volume analysis Thickness of the cork: 5 mm

Section line:

Strengt increases Transparency decreceasduring Capturing the heat is important Light transmission decreases night, therefor the bigger volumes, less heat transformation.

Capturing the heat is important during night, therefor the bigger volumes, less heat transformation.

Section line:

Section line: Section line:

Cross section, exploring gaps inbetween the skin

42

Flora Biodiversity

Circulation

Kastelet is the site studied for this application. Kastelet is located in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is chosen, because of its topographical differencesCopenhagen is a flat city whereas Kastelet is an old defencing island which is surrounded by a hill.

Hight of the plants

12m

10m

Different floras are placed inside the greenhouse and based on Mapping the sunlight needs Mapping of the plants, luminary maps and temperature maps are studied (see images at the top).

8m 7m

1m 0m 19C

21C

California flora, San Francisco

Mediteranian flora

21.5C Western Australia flora

26C

North Africa flora

Main paths Sub-paths

Pillow cross section map, Pillow cross section map, temperature for plant for plant temperature growth growth

LuminaryLuminary map for material map for material

43 Starch Based Bioplastic, Greenhouse

800

800

LuminaryLuminary

1200

1200

19C

19C

Temperature Temperature

26C

Pattern size Pattern map for size map for structure structure 26C

Dense andDense smaller and smaller recursive patterns recursive patterns

Temperature

Perspective view to the site with the mass, floor plans

The greenhouse contains the following floras: California flora, Mediterranean flora, Western flora, North Africa flora.

North Africa flora, 12m Western Australia flora, 10m Learning hub California flora, 7m

Exit

Entrance, 6m

Entrance

Mediteranian Flora

Medetarainian flora, 8m

44