Industry : Impetus to Urbanity | Urban Architecture Graduation Studio 2022

INDUSTRY: IMPETUS TO URBANITY Dilara Turgut DESIGN MANUAL

industry

impetus to urbanity Delft University of Technology Urban Architecture Graduation Studio Research2021-2022TutorLeeke Reinders Design TutorsEireen Schreurs Sam Stalker Jos Lafeber

industry

impetus to 01_UnderstandingCONTENTSurbanity the segregation 12 02_Gleaning Production 40 03_TransformationsCityandIndustry 50 Urban Context and Factory 70 Users and Production 80 Humans and Machines 98 Appropiation and Products 166 Communication and System 230 04_Bibliography 24848

6 industry

“They(theurbanityobjects) had a life and they are still alive. You just need to give them a second chance.”

Agnès Varda, Les Glaneurs et la Glaneuse

7impetus to

8 industry

9impetus to urbanity Urban Architecture Graduation Studio embraces the theme of gleaning under the title of Glanuers, Glaneuses based on Agnes Varda’s documentary called Gleaners and I(Les Glaneurs et la Glaneuse). To give it a second chance, the studio moves its focus toward Maastricht whose skyline is dominated by industry.

dnal D stue c dnalh D_tuehcscstueD_dnal hlan d _ D eutschland _ ueD tschland Deutschland Deuts c h_dnal Deut s c h l a nd _ Deutschland _ cstueD hal nd _ D cstue h al_dnalhcstueD_dn Duet cs cstueD_dnalh hland _ Deutsc nalh d _ Deut cs hal n d Deutschland lredeN_sdnalredeND a n ds lredeN_ an ds sdnalredeN_ Nederlands _ N e dlre a n ds _ Nederlands _ Neder l dna s N_ e derland sedeN_ r Nsdnal e d e r l dna s _ NederldnalredeN_sdnalredeNsdna s _ N e dlredna s N_ e d e dnalr s Nederlands _ Nederlan dsNed e r lands _ Nederlands _ Nederlands _ Nederlands _ Nederlands lredeN_ ands _ NesdnalredeN_sdnalredN_de e r l dna s N ederl dna s _ Nederlands _ N igleB ë gleB_ëigleB_ëiB_ e l ig ë_ B ëigleëigleB_ëigleB_ëigleB_B_ëigleëigleB_ëigleB_B_ e l ig ë B e l ig ë gleB ëigleBëigleB_ëigleBëigleBB_ëigleB_ëigleleBëigleB_ëig _leBgleBëig_ëi ëigleB _ gleBBëiNederlands _ Nederlands _ Nederlands Nederlands _ Nede r l ands_Nederlands_ Nederlands redeNnal d s N ed e r lands _ NedleBëigleBëig Ble ig ë _ Belg i ë _ België Ned e r l a n d s N e derlands _ Nederlands _Nederlands _ Nederlands_ Nedaerlnd _sNederlands _ Ned erla Maastricht Maastricht located in the southern part of the Netherlands is an in-between city situated between Germany and Belgium.

10 industry D_dnalhcstueD eutschdnal _ D eut sch l and Deutschland _ Deutsch ueD_dnal tschlan

hcstueD_dnalhcstueD_dnalhcstueDdnalhcstueD_d

11impetus to urbanity

Gleaning, as an act of reading and reaping Maastricht, eventually leaves us with another in-between case, indefinite borders of Boschstraatkwartier as the intervention site. It is both an industrial and post-industrial in between site located between the city center and the suburban, settling on a waterfront. Boschstraatkwartier

12 industry1

understandingurbanity the segregation

Boschstraatkwartier has an entangled spatial context that has a layered nature of the built environment, infrastructure, and topography. Combined with the layers revealed by its history, the site today represents a disintegrated, forgotten piece of Maastricht that appears only as a ‘go-through’ space. It is where nature and man-made, industry and center, readapted and abandoned meets. Yet, despite its architectural and urban potential, Boschstraatkwartier does not have any spatial occupation. It is segregated.

13impetus to

14 industry understanding the segregation History 2020 Future mobility Mobility Fast lane (Boats) N N N N g N g M C Cb W W M M a M a a s M a a aM a aaM saaM aM a s M a a M a a M a M aa M aas W W Culture/LeisureFactory Jurisdictions Two-herd Bradant-Liege County of the Vroenhof Deanery of Our Lady Deanery of Saint Servatius mobilityfutureheightroman-history mobility transitions namesroad functions faunaandflora territoriessubjective unbuilt&builtmedieval-historyjurisdictions 2020-historybordersbuilt isolated layers The research into the ‘Overhead / Underneath / In-between’ within abstracted.andmapping,ThroughdefinethebeginsSphinxstraatkwartierthewithunderstandingcontextuallayersthattheseterminologies.theprocessofthesetangibleintangiblelayersare

15impetus to understandingurbanitythesegregation

palimpsest Maps of the existing and the perceived are studied in isolation and later overlaid to remap the context. The overlay brings forth the various degrees of entanglements within this site and sets the trajectory of the research.

16 industry understanding the segregation territories3.2.1.fromtheunisolatinglayerstoptobottommapofbordersmapoffunctionsmapofsubjective

interviews Apart from the anaylysis of the determined layers, interviews with a few local people have also been conducted. In this research, both of the studies have shown that the industry has created an isolated area either physically or in the users’ mind maps.

17impetus to understandingurbanitythesegregation

18 industry understanding the segregation

Aldo Rossi, The Architecture of the City

“The city is in its history.”

19impetus to understandingurbanitythesegregationFIRST INDUSTRIAL CITY OF THE NETHERLANDS

first industrial city Industry plays an important role in Maastricht’s character. With the foundation of Petrus Regout’s pottery factory, Maastricht became the first industrial city of the Netherlands.

Charles Sheeler. Incantation, 1946.

20 industry understanding the segregation

Etymologically, the term industry appears as a synonym of ‘diligence’ and ‘hard work’ which allusively refers to that of humans. Though throughout the years the word represented the means of production1, this is now out of sight. Production, once indispensable to human existence and the urban tissue, is no longer a part of everyday life. The invention of the steam engine abstracted work from the physical toils of humans and animals2, by introducing new actors who replaced the former manpower. The Industrial Revolution eradicated the diligence that vitalized the urban interaction between making and living, a consequence of which was the suppression of the local industries. The industry adopted these nonhuman actors for whom new spaces were designed. As the existence of production slowly became intangible, the role of humans in production was either erased or subordinated, and the machines were isolated within physical boundaries, all of which are now considered as the norm for the industry3 These boundaries tried to maintain themselves within the city using the sources and the infrastructure that cities provide. Nevertheless, the excessive growth of the industry brought in new dynamics between the urban residents and the industry, which eventually could not embrace the co-existence of humans and machines. Functioning of the machines led to pollution and inadequate sources, while the industry needed bigger and cheaper lands which were hard to possess within the dense city center. This ever-changing dynamic resulted in the subsequent isolation of industry and production to the outskirts; resulting in segregated urban planning where it was not possible to witness the act of making. Now, consumption is the only means of interaction with the function of production.

deindustrialization

21impetus to understandingurbanitythesegregation

1. Markus Schaefer, “The Industrious City,” in The Industrious City: Urban Industry in the Digital Age (Zurich: Lars Muller Publishers, 2021), 27. 2. Ibid., 30 3. Nina Rappaport, “Hybrid Factory | Hybrid City,” Built Environment 43, no. 1 (January 2017), 73.

map collage of Maastricht former industrial area

22 industry understanding the segregation

Maastricht In the case of Maastricht, the city first intended to embrace the industry which industry was designed to be a part of the city center. It is not situated on the outskirts; on the contrary, it was built within the city wall. and this makes discontinuity a bigger problem. Therefore, to understand the context of Maastricht, the research starts with the understanding of the problem as ‘industrial ways of seeing’ inspired by John Berger’s Ways of Seeing. The first part of the methodology includes a visual timeline. Based on Berger’s quote “Everything around the image is a part of its meaning”4, the latter is to understand how the industry, its architecture, and its scale shaped the characteristics of the site.

23impetus to understandingurbanitythesegregation

4. John Berger, Ways of Seeing: Part 1, 1972

River

Plant 1932

24 industry understanding the segregation

Charles Sheeler, Rouge,

Maastricht, 2021 photo: Pierre Loup Benoit

25impetus to understandingurbanitythesegregation

26 industry understanding the segregation Bassin, Maastricht 1935 Regionaal Historisch Centrum Limburg https://www.rhcl.nl/nl

27impetus to understandingurbanitythesegregation Bassin, Maastricht 1935 Regionaal Historisch Centrum https://www.rhcl.nl/nlLimburg

28 industry understanding the segregation

van Gulpen, Bassin, 1848 Regionaal Historisch Centrum https://www.rhcl.nl/nlLimburg

Philippus

29impetus to understandingurbanitythesegregation

30 industry Bassin, 1826

The construction of Bassin started in 1824 that constituted the basis of the early industrial center.

understanding the segregation

31impetus to urbanity Bassin, 1826 understanding the segregation

industrial timeline

32 understanding the segregation

The industrial timeline aims to understand how the industry, its architecture, and its scale shaped the characteristics of the site.

33 understanding the segregation

understanding the segregation human scale

understanding the segregation

machine scale

38 industry understanding the segregation

This investigation clarified that the western part of the site, which is more relatable to a human scale, has been transformed into cultural programs and represents the participants.shelterstherelatedarchitecturepost-industrialwithhuman-spaces,whileeasternpartstillonlynon-human

40 industry2

41impetus to urbanity gleaning production

Production is an everyday actor that plays a vital role in the urban flow. Gleaning the industry, collecting and giving it a new meaning, reintroduces this everyday forgotten existence of production to its city. In this way, production not only represents the economy but also becomes an urban catalyst to evoke new possible interactions one of which is to activate the sense of collectiveness.

6. Brussels Productive City (Bouwmeester Maitre Architecte, 2018)

42 industry gleaning production

The exhibition called A Good City Has Industry welcomed its visitors in the booklet with this opening line: “Cities are the incubators and the engines of the economy.”5 The indispensable relationship between city and economy often remains incomprehensible and rather conceptual, as they do not meet in a concrete environment. In the most general sense, the economy represents production and consumption activities in which urban residents participate, yet there is no tangible space in cities where this relationship is physically exhibited and witnessed. The reason is that the industry that is the keystone of the economy has not survived in the urban tissue which resulted in a lack of synergy between humans and the act of production. Eventually, the industry being secluded has become a layered urban and architectural discussion that has also an irrefutable social and economic impact on urban life and continuity. Inspired by the Atelier Brussels Productive Metropolis, the position by quoting from their research : “Production belongs to the city”6 The city and the industry should collaborate because they are able to provide the infrastructure each side needs. In that way, they would enrich each other’s presence, and better the economic and social dynamics that are irrefutable parts of a city. Therefore, the research and the project glean the function of production, they aim to give a new meaning to its existence within the urban fabric and bring the humans and machines together with the method of research in design.

position

5. A Good City Has Industry, Visitor Guide(2016).

43impetus to urbanity gleaning production 26.10.16[ENG] ↓ 15.01.17 A Good CityHas Industry A Good City Has Industry, Atelier Brussels Productive Metropolis, 2016

44 industry gleaning production position collage Industry should be visible and inviting.

45impetus to urbanity gleaning production

46 industry gleaning production Agnes Varda, Les glaneurs et la glaneuse, 2000

47impetus to urbanity gleaning production

research question do we glean non-human scale industrial legacy/ production to use it as a prime catalyst in the integration of the urban site?

How

48 industry3

49impetus to urbanity

transformations

The integration of industry is an urban, architectural, social, and economic issue that should be dealt with on multiple scales. In order to bring the industry back to the city, the project collects all the actions on different scales under the name of transformations. It aims to transform the city, the urban fabric, the architecture, and the objects by stimulating new interactions and explorations.

transformationsindustry city

Alienating the industry has become a problem with the idea of deindustrialization. With the proliferation of mass production, the urban capacity could no longer support production activities and facilities. Increased pollution also brought discomfort to city life. Eventually, new urban planning approaches got introduced where the industry was designated a segregated zone. Industry; therefore production, could not exist within everyday life, and evolved into an abstract concept.

50

1:1000urbanity industry

1:1000 scale engages with the reindustrialization that resolves the segregation caused by Maastricht’s industry and its history. It reinterprets the social, urban, and architectural uses of urban elements that can create continuity between the rupture, Boschstraatkwartier, and the rest of the city. It questions the potentials of the zones and interweaves different existences. It also deals with the presence of the industry and discovers its capacity to become an urban hub.

51impetus to

52 transformationsindustry

The problem of segregation set the basis of the urban plan designed as a group project. Stitching the urban fabric, blurring different borders, and integrating diverse functions are believed to be a solution to create continuity within the site. That is why the urban plan focuses on a larger scheme of the site with the concept of an ecological spine. The ecological spine represents many layers of the built environment on different scales. It starts with an overall view of mobility and green that also tackles the social uses of the spaces. The interventions intend to go beyond demolishing and rebuilding but provide a more continuous and homogenous urban experience.

53impetus to urbanity 1:1000

Legend:Main Vehicular Routes Proposed Route Fietspad (Bicycle Priority) Proposed Tram Line Bicycle and pedestrian path mobility map The removal of the Bassin bridge, which was to provide a continuous character for Bassin, requires a larger mobility scheme. The new proposal aims to make the site car-free while keeping it integrated with the rest of the city.

Legendmain vehicular routes proposed route bicycle pedestrianpathand bicycle path proposed tram line

54 transformationsindustry Station

55impetus to urbanity 1:1000 Legend:WaterDense green City Proposedgreengreen development ecology map Frontenpark has been designed to continue until the borders urbangreeneryandnaturetheTheBoschstraatkwartier.ofurbanplanvaluescoexistenceofandman-madeinterweavesthemorewiththefabric. Legend densewater green city proposedgreen green development

56 transformationsindustry

The main principles of urban planning have been determined along the ecological spine to stimulate the social use of the area. With these principles, commodified continuous elements like water and ground become fundamental components that stitch the segregated piece of the urban environment by enabling the public to experience an uninterrupted flow.

Legend:Water is waterfrontofNaturalizationpublicthe water is public Water is public is to create a continuous, accessible waterfront that is, at the moment, occupied by different types of presences.

Water is public

LegendNaturalization of the waterfront

57impetus to urbanity 1:1000

58 transformationsindustry

Legend:Ground is public ground is public Making the ground public aims to increase the urban flow and create overlapping and blurring functions.

Legend Buffer Placemakerszone

59impetus to urbanity 1:1000

Legend:Bu er Placemakerszone placemakers

Placemakers are introduced to mediate the public and private areas. Some of them are inspired by the leftover pieces found on the site, such as the curl.

60 transformationsindustryplacemakers

61impetus to urbanity 1:1000 the curl photo : author

62 industry urban plan

63impetus to urbanity 1:1000

axonometric urban plan

64 transformationsindustrysections

65impetus to urbanity 1:1000

66 transformationsindustrywaterfront

67impetus to urbanity 1:1000 new urban square, Bassin

68 transformationsindustrynaturalization along Bassin

69impetus to urbanity 1:1000 towards the Frontenpark

70

transformationsindustryurban context

An essential factor of this reintegration of industry is visibility. The visual connection between the urban residents and production detaches making from being associated with only the idea of consumption; moreover, it re-concretizes the production process that was once abstracted with deindustrialization. When the urban industry is able to display its presence, it has the power to become a public hub, even a landmark where tangible and intangible relations occur.

71impetus to urbanity

1:500 factory 1:500 transformation aims to question the dynamics of cities where the understanding of a city center is never linked with the urban industry. It also reinterprets the protagonists of a city and urbanity. By reconsidering the notion of a public center, the project proposes a collaborative production complex where production meets urban residents in the form of a public hub. The industry becomes an everyday, humble and indispensable part of urban life that vitalizes the urban flow.

72 transformationsindustry

FlowEverydayAntigentrificationfunctionsbasedfunction

73impetus to urbanity 1:500 IndustryPosition:shoulda part of the city Atelier Brussels Productive Metropolis

CENTERDWELLING+CULTURE

74 transformationsindustryGREEN

a new city center A city center or a public hub needs to have the most visibility and interaction. The project settles at the center of the urban plan proposal where the city and suburbs intersect at a machine-scaled piece of land.

75impetus to urbanity 1:500 GREEN

CENTERDWELLING+CULTURE

main center and sub-centers

76 industry the duality The chosen site represents the duality of the human and machine spaces. The western part of the canal displays formerly machine spaces turned into human spaces, while the eastern part still rejects human existence.

77impetus to urbanity 1:500 12 3 654 87 1. Lumière 2. Muziekgieterij 3. Urban stage 4. Sappi Factory 5. 8.7.6.productionCollaborativecomplexGuesthouseRecycledmaterialcollectionCommunitykitchen

78 transformationsindustryModern Times, 1936

ResearchurbanityinDesign

79impetus to

Questions

How do we find the human environment within the machine environment to create an urban flow? How does production become the common ground in different scales to evoke urban

Whatinteraction?isahuman environment? What is a machine environment? How does the human scale spatially encounter with the machine

1:500scale?

80

Contemporary concepts like sustainability, circular economy, and re-localization have questioned the scale and the methods of production, which eventually suggested a more interactive way of making. This approach offers shared urban spaces for different types of users, urban residents, makers, manufacturers, and workers. Sharing spaces leads to collaboration, it blurs the defined borders of segregated functions and groups of people.

transformationsindustry users

81impetus to urbanity

When the production is scaled down to a human scale, when various types of users are able to witness and participate in the act of making, “Workers and residents together are able to produce more than the sum of our two parts” as Jane Jacobs 1:200mentions.7scale transformation aims to introduce human-scaled production in a machine environment. Therefore, this chapter investigates the occupants and the host.

7. Jane Jacobs, The Death and Life of Great American Cities(1961), 153.

1:200 production

82 transformationsindustryMakers

MakersMaastrichtofvan Maastricht is a platform that brings passionate makers digitally together. It displays the works and products of makers and makes the creative industry visible.

These makers represent the local economy and culture of the city. They have the power to initiate new interactions with the function of production. Their work is relatable; it can re-concretize the production process that was once abstracted with mass production. The collaboration of the makers who have spread around Maastricht can lead to new architectural typologies and new urban spaces shared by different types of users.

small manufacturers, these small entreprises would not exist somewhere else, in the absence of cities. Without cities, they would not exist.”Jane

83impetus to urbanity “Like1:200

The Death and Life of Great American Cities

Jacobs

object GSEducationalVersion

84 transformationsindustry

dark warehouse This big hall on Fransensingel dominates Sappi’s silhouette when one approaches the site from the center. The 20m high industrial building is an empty box with four silos inside. It has three rows of steel structures with brick infills and little openings that create a dark atmosphere. The building is to host nonhuman inhabitants.

85impetus to urbanity 1:200

Sappi Factory, Fransensingel Hall, 2022 photo : author

86 transformationsindustryphysical model

87impetus to urbanity 1:200

Sappi Factory, Fransensingel Hall, 2021 photo : Zhenduo Feng

88 transformationsindustry

Sappi Factory, Fransensingel Hall, 2021 photo : Zhenduo Feng

89impetus to urbanity 1:200

90 industry public ground floor While keeping the proportions of this massive warehouse, the first row of the brick walls is removed to blur the borders of the building and to create a more welcoming atmosphere. The project transforms the inhospitable hall into a public ground where urban residents gather around the function of production. transformation GSEducationalVersion transformations

91impetus to urbanity 1:200

92 transformationsindustry

reading the site The building as a public center should also be able to respond to its surroundings, that is to say, to different types of squares. Mediating the human and machine scale as well as creating an urban response comes from the placement of the silos. As the artifacts of machine spaces, they become the elements that regulate human movement.

93impetus to urbanity 1:200

94 transformationsindustryphysical model

95impetus to urbanity 1:200 silos

96 transformationsindustrysection model

97impetus to urbanity 1:100

transformationsindustry human

98

Architecture is responsible for meeting the requirements of different designated users. The invention of the steam engine introduced new users that abstracted production from the physical toils of humans. The industry adopted these non-human actors for whom new spaces were designed. While sheltering the machines, a new architectural typology appeared, which isolated the role of humans in production. Eventually, the excessive growth of the industry was not welcomed by the urban residents; humans and machines could not coexist.

99impetus to urbanity

1:100 machine In order to create an urban response, the 1:100 scale emerges as a mediator between the human and machine spaces. The transformations in this scale are based on the analysis and reinterpretations of the architectural objects to establish a common ground for both users: humans and machines. It attempts to understand the spatial qualities of both environments and aims to answer how the human scale spatially encounters the machine scale while also creating new interactions that have an impact on a larger scale.

object 1

100 transformationsindustry

circulation Human circulation in production spaces is observed to be either point vertical or quite steep in order to have more spacious and uninterrupted spaces.

photo: author

101impetus to urbanity 1:100 circulationSappidocumentationFactory,2022

102 transformationsindustrycirculation documentation Sappi Factory, 2022 photo: author

103impetus to urbanity 1:100 circulationSappidocumentationFactory,2022

photo: author

104 transformationsindustrycirculation core Inspired by the documented circulation, the cores of the building are designed to represent and humanize the character of an industrial building. In that way, circulation is still based on efficiency in a production building. transformation 1

105impetus to urbanity 1:100 study model

106 transformationsindustryphysical model

107impetus to urbanity 1:100 circulation cores

108 transformationsindustrysection model

109impetus to urbanity 1:100

object 2

silos

110 transformationsindustry

Four silos for water storage appear as the protagonists of the building. These machine-scaled objects offer a great architectural potential to transform.

111impetus to urbanity 1:100 silos Fransensingel Hall, 2021 photo: Zhenduo Feng

transformation 2

112 transformationsindustryshafts

Two of the shafts are integrated as the main occupants, that is to say, the infrastructure of the building. Therefore, they are designed as shafts and wet areas.

113impetus to urbanity 1:100

material library

The other two silos highlight human interaction more. The transformation aims to bring the makers and the urban residents together in a formerly industrial object.

transformation 3

114 transformationsindustryphysical model

115impetus to urbanity 1:100 shafts and material library

116 transformationsindustrysection model third transformation

117impetus to urbanity 1:100

118 transformationsindustrycrane hook Crane hooks provide circulation for nonhuman actors and products. Their existence has a spatial effect. In order to create a vertical relationship, they regulate the architecture. object 3

119impetus to urbanity 1:100 crane hook Sappi Factory, 2022 photo: author

interaction storage

The crane hook transformation offers several interactions. It creates a physical vertical relationship between the production and the public. Makers can drop their products with crane hooks into the interaction storage through which the public can observe the products.

120 transformationsindustry

transformation 3

121impetus to urbanity 1:100

122 transformationsindustryphysical model

123impetus to urbanity 1:100 interaction storage

124 transformationsindustrysection model third transformation

125impetus to urbanity 1:100

object 4

126 transformationsindustry

platform This double-storey structure appears as a reminder of human existence in one of the factory’s halls. This concrete platform, whether still in use or not, introduces an architectural potential.

127impetus to urbanity 1:100 Sappi Factory, 2022 photo: author

128 transformationsindustry

transformation 4

offices of productionthespace Organic developments are necessary to allow the makers to humanize the space. The production spaces need on-site offices that should be adapted, changed, or removed when the renters change. Hence, this platform is transformed into temporary offices made of cheap and mountable materials, such as wood.

129impetus to urbanity 1:100 physical model

130 transformationsindustry

object 5

wooden palette The wooden palettes are indispensable elements of storage. Therefore, they are also often found in industrial buildings, some of which are waiting to be used.

GSEducationalVersion

131impetus to urbanity 1:100 The Material Connexion materials library, Bilbao, n.d. https://www.connectionsbyfinsa.com/unai-etxebarria-director-material-connexion-bilbao/?lang=en

The assembly spaces are open to adaptation, providing that it is not permanent. The wooden pallets enable makers to build quick and temporary structures in which they can create more private working areas.

132 transformationsindustrytransformation 5

GSEducationalVersio makers’ box

133impetus to urbanity 1:100 physical model

134 transformationsindustrymaking your space physical model collage

135impetus to urbanity 1:100 making your space physical model collage

136 transformationsindustryGSEducationalVersion ground floor plan ground is public A E J K K F B

A. industrial entrance product collection point workshop exhibition place workshops E. multipurpose stairs interaction storage G. toilets H. material library I. / repair area material shop M.cafeurban entrance

J.receptionflexibleroom

L.

L M G G H H I C D D D

B.

K.

137impetus to urbanity 1:100

D.

F.

C.

138 transformationsindustryview from reception physical model

139impetus to urbanity 1:100

from urban square into the interiorbuildingimage

140 transformationsindustryfirst floor plan production GSEducationalVersion A B BAB

141impetus to urbanity 1:100 A. assembly area B. production space C. material library D. toilets E. lounge F. flying garden C C f D E D

142 transformationsindustryproduction space physical model

143impetus to urbanity 1:100

interiorgalleryimage

144 transformationsindustrysecond floor plan production GSEducationalVersion B BAB c A

145impetus to urbanity 1:100 A. assembly area B. production space C. flexible meeting space D. material library E. toilets F. G.loungeflyinggarden D D G E F E

146 transformationsindustryproduction space physical model collage

147impetus to urbanity 1:100 assembly space interior image

148 transformationsindustryGSEducationalVersion third floor plan offices A A A A A C A

149impetus to urbanity 1:100 A. flexible offices B. administration C. cafe D. toilets E. lounge F. reception A A D D E F B

150 transformationsindustryflexible physicalofficesmodel

151impetus to urbanity 1:100 flexible officesinteriorterraceimage

152 transformationsindustryA C B D876543210 A B C D site plan

153impetus to urbanity 1:100 N E F G H J K L M M M N N O O P R S T U L I I 20m 0 0 1 3 6 92 5 84 7 10 11 12 87654321 1005 A. muziekgieterij B. lumiere C. cultural production D. urban stage E. industrial square F. cafe G. material waste collection H. collective production complex I. urban square J. guest makers’ house K. recycled material collection L. sappi factory E F G H I J K L

154 transformationsindustry

section The production complex responds to the urban and industrial characteristics of the surroundings.

155impetus to urbanity 1:100

156 transformationsindustry

climate scheme

The silos that are used as shafts regulate the ventilation in the building which is based on the stacking effect. Apart from natural ventilation, the production spaces are controlled with mechanical ventilation.

157impetus to urbanity 1:100

section This section diagram introduces another infrastructure of the building: the reflective cap. Since the building was designed as a warehouse, lighting appears as one of the main problems. Therefore, the project proposes a central convex reflective surface. The system also includes diagonal mirrors that receive and reflect the first sunbeams.

158 transformationsindustry

159impetus to urbanity 1:100

south facade urban facade The urban facade is designed to reveal the purpose of the building to the urban residents. The new facade aims to be more transparent to provide snapshots of the building’s use. While doing that, it also respects the original industrial character of the existing facade by preserving the brick layer and the proportions.

160 transformationsindustry

161impetus to urbanity 1:100

162 industry north industrialfacadefacade The industrial facade is based more on showing the process. In that sense, architecture represents this concept by productionthatlongitudinalaretheverticalhorizontality.introducingTheelementsoforiginalbuildingsupportedbyopeningsfollowthespaces.

163impetus to urbanity

facade

The west facade, formerly a blind wall, is the only side facing the other side of the canal; that is to say, where cultural production is taking place. Therefore, the building responds to the events happening on the other side by establishing an interaction between the building’s interior and the urban stage.

west communicativefacade

164 industry

165impetus to urbanity

Integration of industry is not only an urban zoning discussion but also a social problem. Accommodating the industry should be able to meet the users’ needs, which requires human and non-human appropriation. The former demands the spatial qualities that should allow people to interact with the environment. For the latter, the space should be flexible enough to provide the necessary infrastructure for different-sized machines and equipment.

transformationsindustry appropriation

166

167impetus to urbanity

The production complex treads a fine line between the end product and flexibility. The project leaves some spaces unfinished to welcome the organic development in the building. This organic approach is documented through a series of objects which are the potential tenants of the building. Therefore, this scale is interested in the possible occupations of the building, which displays the coexistence of different human and non-human users and reveals their scale.

1:50 products

168 transformationsindustry

The potential occupants of the building have been documented through case studies and excursions that mainly took place in the Netherlands and Belgium. Each visit exposed the objects individually as well as as a part of an architectural space, which brought the understanding of their dimensions alone and in comparison to the other surrounding inhabitants. The investigation of these spaces eventually revealed different kinds of organic or designed coexistence with diverse spatial impacts.

Het MaastrichtWerkgebouw

Het Werkgebouw is the main case study of the project. It is a vacant military building that has organically been occupied by makers. It hosts several artists and manufacturers for whom the building offers an interactive and collaborative working environment.