Seek
June 2015
voices from the
Episcopal Diocese of Missouri
Blood Cries Out from the Ground: Reflections on Ferguson
characterize the changing demographics in many cities in the United States. A closer by the Rt. Rev. Wayne Smith reading of the particular history and poliThis reflection was published in the Spring 2015 edition of The Anglican tics of St. Louis, not drawing solely on general trends, will help make clear why the Theological Review and is reprinted with permission. place where I live is one of the most racially divided in the country. I know Ferguson, Missouri. St. Stefor protests and riots in the aftermath of Two hundred and fifty years ago, in phen’s Episcopal Church, a parish of the Michael Brown’s shooting death on August 1764, a group of French and Creole settlers Diocese of Missouri, is there, and as Bish9, 2014. But manufacturing jobs have mostcame to a place some twenty-five miles op of Missouri, I have been in and out of ly moved offshore, a common tale for any south of the confluence of the two great working-class community in the United Ferguson more times than I can count. American rivers, the Missouri and MissisFounded in 1888, the parish is mostly midStates. Few people living in Ferguson work sippi. The iconic arch on the grounds of dle-class and working people, not unlike at the company, but Emerson has at least the Jefferson National Expansion Memorithe surrounding community. Settlement increased its involvement in the communial marks the site of the trading village that in Ferguson began in 1854, and the town ty in the months following August 9. these settlers established. Pierre Laclède, incorporated in 1894. An inner-ring subAs recently as 1970, Ferguson’s popuhis common-law wife Marie Thérèse Chouurb, the city early on became one of the lation was almost entirely European-Amerteau, and stepson Auguste Chouteau led first bedroom communities around St. ican, and in 1990, that portion was still 74 this endeavor. Thus began St. Louis. By the Louis, with easy rail access into the city. percent. By 2010, however, the population time of Auguste Chouteau’s death in 1829, Major industry did not come to the town had shifted to 67 percent African-Amerithe family had accumulated thirty-six until the 1940s, when Emerson Electric, can, with 29 percent identifying as Euroslaves, all of African descent. So began the then the largest manufacturer of airplane pean-Americans. Ferguson’s demographic long disparity in power and privilege enarmaments in the world, moved to Ferbegan to change when more affluent resjoyed by European-Americans and guson from St. Louis. Emerson provided idents, mostly EuropeUnderstanding the African-Americans in St. Louis. The good work for the residents of Ferguson an-Americans, began to strength of slavery’s disparity dates from the time of the and helped the community thrive. Now, move west in St. Louis region’s beginnings, but it continues however, and despite being number 121 County and then into St. hold on the region’s in later chapters of the region’s hisof the Fortune 500 Companies, it is as if Charles County. Again, economy, politics, tory. Understanding the strength of Emerson were not there. Corporate headhere is a pattern common and identity is key to slavery’s hold on the region’s econquarters remain in the city, at 8000 West throughout the nation, making sense of the omy, politics, and identity is key to Florissant Avenue, the street made famous and “white flight” does
present racial crisis.
continued on page 3
ph: 314-231-1220 www.DioceseMo.org Episcopal Diocese of Missouri Offices of the Bishop 1210 Locust St. St. Louis, Missouri 63103
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