Shita Laksmi Defining Internet Intermediary Liabity: Unveiling context and contestation practices in Germany and Singapore Internet intermediary liability is an on-going subject of discussion. Defining what is the Internet intermediary and looking at the responsibilities and liabilities are a challenge in itself. This dissertation showed that individual countries have their own way of defining Internet intermediary including deciding its liability. Knowledge of technical aspects matters in making regulations. Social-political context also matters in governing Internet intermediary and contestation between stakeholders. As Internet policy discussion has multi-stakeholder nature, contestation between (or among) stakeholders is inescapable. This research carried out a review of the regulation in Germany and Singapore for Internet intermediary. Both countries were found to have defined liability towards Internet intermediary differently, with consequences for their regulatory frameworks. Political context was found to be a main determining factor in the definition and type of regulations of Internet intermediary adopted by each country, with different stakeholders shaping that context in accordance with their degree of influence in governmental decision-making processes. The research also showed that the main determining factors for Internet intermediary regulation in Germany and Singapore were to be found at the domestic sphere rather than originating in regional or international context.
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