DOPE MAGAZINE OREGON ISSUE #17 SEPTEMBER 2015 "THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE"

UNLOCKING SECRETS

BUDS & BLOSSOMS

The Mapping of the Cannabis Genome

Beneficial Arrangements to Love

LAGANJA ESTRANJA BALANCING GAY RIGHTS, CANNABIS AND THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

EDITOR’S NOTE

SEPTEMBER 2015 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE ISSUE 17

12 STRAIN OF THE MONTH

PORTLAND

EDIBLE

CHOCOLATE CARAMEL KETTLE CORN

WHITE FIRE OG

20 CANNA-NEWS MAPPING THE CANNABIS GENOME

22 CANNA-NEWS

THE ROLLER COASTER RIDE OF CANNA BUSINESS LICENSING

36 MEDICAL COOP HIGH END MARKET PLACE

16

14 SILVER STEM

26 HEALTH

CANNABIS EFFECTS ON SPERM

RULE ADVISORY COMMITTEE

CANNA-NEWS THE BUSINESS OF CANNABIS

44

40 CANNABUSINESS

30

GARDEN

48 SIRIUS EXTRACTS

ROAD TRIP

BUDS AND BLOSSOM

Cannabis

kitchen Cookbook .

Fe e l-Go od F ood f or home cooks

52

62 Photogra phs by

FEATURE

LAGANJA ESTRANJA

Pov y K en da l Atc his o n

Fo rewo rd by Jan e West

90

76 CANNA-NEWS

ANDERSON ELECTRIC, CLMAGROW & CANNAGUARD

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The states that are legalizing cannabis have seen the impact of their sick and made these changes to ensure that more have the opportunity to make their own choice. The journey to federal legalization is a bit in the distance but cannabis has found a way in Oregon.

The future of cannabis in Oregon is bright, Oregon is “The State of Cannabis”

^

the

CANNABIS KITCHEN COOKBOOK Robyn G ri g g s Law re nce

Over 70,000 medical marijuana patients now reside in Oregon. The third largest patient population behind California and Washington. An estimated 18% of Oregon’s 3.6M population are recreational cannabis consumers.

Amongst the fine pages in this September issue of Dope Magazine, the Oregon Department of Agriculture bans pesticide use on cannabis ensuring sustainable practices are being implemented. With recent guidelines and education along with the decade of knowledge within the state, Oregon will be an excellent example for the implementation of legalization across the country.

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PRODUCT

Oregon prepares the upcoming demand for some of the best cannabis in the nation. Please take a deep breath to remember this moment in the long battle with law and ignorance.

Cannabis is federally deemed illegal and classified as it is still labeled as, “does not contain any medical benefit.”

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Coming this October 1st, 2015 in Oregon, adults over the age of 21 can purchase up to 5 grams of flower at a licensed medical dispensary.

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MEDICAL STRAIN OF THE MONTH

PRESIDENT

CONTRIBUTING WRITERS

EVAN CARTER

SHARON LETTS LINDSEY RINEHART

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF JAMES ZACHODNI STATE DIRECTOR RYAN JOHNSTONE

JOHNNY HALFHAND DAVE HODES K.C. SWAIN BRANDON KRENZLER COURTNEY MORAN

ART DIRECTOR

RYAN JOHNSTONE

BRANDON PALMA ( 8THDAYCREATE.COM )

ART DIRECTOR APPRENTICE

LEAD PHOTOGRAPHER ALLIE BECKETT

NARISSA-CAMILLE PHETHEAN CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHERS CHRIS RYAN

AD DESIGN DOPE DESIGN AGENCY MANAGING EDITOR/COPY EDITOR ALISON BAIRD ONLINE EDITOR MEGHAN RIDLEY

ALEX FALLENSTEDT SALES REPS NATE WILLIAMS MICHAEL FOX SOCIAL MEDIA MANAGER DALLAS KEEFE

CFO

EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT

DAVID TRAN

JENIKA MAO

OPERATIONS DIRECTOR JONATHAN TEETERS

DOPE is a free publication dedicated to providing an informative and wellnessminded voice to the cannabis movement. While our foundation is the medical cannabis industry, it is our intent to provide ethical and research-based articles that address the many facets of the war on drugs, from politics to lifestyle and beyond. We believe that through education and honest discourse, accurate policy and understanding can emerge. DOPE Magazine is focused on defending both our patients and our plant, and to being an unceasing force for revolutionary change.

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DOPE Magazine and the entire contents of this magazine are copyright 2015 DOPE MAGAZINE LLC, all rights reserved and may not be reproduced in any manner, in whole or part without the written permission from Dope Magazine LLC

PROUD MEMBER OF

UNLOCKING SECRETS

BUDS & BLOSSOMS

The Mapping of the Cannabis Genome

Beneficial Arrangements to Love

LAGANJA ESTRANJA BALANCING GAY RIGHTS, CANNABIS AND THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS

STRAINS

WHITE FIRE OG

GARDEN

MASTER GARDENS

10 |

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COVER PHOTO: “LAGANJA ESTRANJA”

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ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE dopemagazine.com

PUBLISHED IN SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98109

STRAIN OF THE MONTH WRITER

White Fire OG

BRANDON KRENZLER @CANNADAD

from Tree House Collective

PHOTOS ALEX FALLENSTEDT

29.9% THC 3.38% CBD • TESTED AT • MRX Labs GENETICS WIFI OG, as it’s otherwise known, is an extremely popular coupling between Fire OG and The White. The White is a predominately indica hash strain, and Fire OG is a potent sativa dominant blend of OG Kush and San Fernando Valley OG. Together they have given birth to a sativa dominant dream.

MEDICAL BENEFITS Chosen often by people who experience anxiety, depression or are slightly overwhelmed by life’s daily stressors, WIFI OG users report an uplifting positive vibe.

These qualities make this euphorically energetic strain a great choice for social situations and also for sharing with others.

AROMA

EFFECT

Impenetrably earthy, this phenotype is extremely pungent, and the sour smell of classic OG fills the room with a spicy fuel funk. Side notes of skunk and citrus abound, and cracking open a fresh bud releases a complex floral aroma combined with musk that will be familiar to fans of The White.

A halo of light pressure surrounds my head, although this sensation dissipates as an energetic body high cascades over the rest of my body. After about twenty minutes I begin to feel a positive, cheerful mood set in, with an equally remarkable clear focused energy.

The couchlock effect is non-existent here.

GROWER: Seven Lions Farm

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ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE dopemagazine.com

LOOKS Heavily covered in slightly milky trichromes, these rock hard nuggets are a light green with dainty hints of purple throughout.

Bright, curly tangerine hairs are covered in crystal structures, and the whole nug is sticky. This is such beautiful, high quality flower it’s almost a shame to burn it.

FLAVOR A tangy kick of lemons and tangerine are first revealed, taken over by a delectable earthen hash zest that’s almost peppery. Before I respire the thick smoke, I can taste a light pine that is akin to gin. Exhale reveals a bold twist of sweet skunk, diesel and roses, leading into a peppery, spicy aftertaste.

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EDIBLES

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WRITER BRANDON KRENZLER @CANNADAD

PHOTOS ALEX FALLENSTEDT

“Sophisticated flavors for modern tastes”

CRUNCHY, sweet and salty treat drizzled with white chocolate; Cannavore’s Chocolate Carmel Kettlecorn is off the chain! Infused with TJ’s Organic Garden Cannabis Oils, the potency of this product is a direct reflection of the exceptional cannabis put into it. Cannavore prides itself on offering “Sophisticated flavors for modern tastes,” with small-batch, lab-tested, premium cannabis edibles that use only the best artesian ingredients.

This is the perfect snack for people looking to satisfy their sweet tooth, but also a great choice to help unwind before bed and have a more restful night’s sleep. I found a good dosage for me personally is an entire serving about an hour and a half before bed, making this a nice desert for after dinner. Little aches and pains melt away within the first thirty minutes of ingesting, while I experienced the full effects took hold approximately one hour in. As the tension from the day slipped away I felt a pleasant, full body relaxation come over me. It’s safe to say this Kettlecorn rocked me to sleep.

The entire 10 oz. package contains 26.8 milligrams of THC and .63 milligrams of CBD. New comers to edibles should be advised – this is a very effective medible. Start by splitting the bag into 2-3 smaller servings, but experienced edible users should be seasoned enough to consume the entire bag for optimum results. Enjoy the goodness!

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ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE dopemagazine.com

WHERE TO FIND: • Eugene OG • Oregrown • Pure Green • Canna Daddy’s • Oregon’s Finest

PORTLAND MEDICAL DISPENSARY

Silver Stem Fine Cannabis

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ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE dopemagazine.com

WRITER BRANDON KRENZLER @CANNADAD

PHOTOS ALEX FALLENSTEDT

NATE WILLIAMS

OUND ON the corner of 40th and Hancock in the NE Portland

Hollywood district, Silver Stem Fine Cannabis stands out from other surrounding businesses in a positive way. A light colored brick building, their black and green sign, designed with unique flare, attracts many patrons to their club.

Once inside, and past the main lobby, patients often find that the small but inviting dispensary is exactly what they’re looking for. The retail floor is a smooth and attractive blend of black and white. Music by the Black Keys fills the air from an archetypal vinyl record player, promoting good vibes as visitors peruse their offerings, which are many. Feel free to look over the various concentrates on display and smell the contents of their many uniform glass jars, storing much high-quality flower.

Many well-known brand name products and sought out strains abound at Silver Stem. The staff recommendations include Tahoe OG shatter from Dab Society, Golden Pineapple flower from Green Bodhi and Danodan’s Caramels as the medible of choice. After looking through their stock, I had to concur that their recommendations were spot on.

General Manager Chris York, a transplant from Colorado admits that even though the company is excited for recreational sales beginning in October, they are still more concerned with the needs of medical patients.

They will continue to provide safe access to low-cost medicinal products as Chris explains, “We have a predominately senior demographic, and many are disabled. We want to avoid the herd mentality of Colorado and deliver a personal experience that transcends the simple purchase.”

Owner Mike Chappell is a local Oregon bluegrass musician and a member of Head for the Hills. After experiencing Colorado’s fledgling, yet booming cannabis industry, he set out to evolve with the changing Oregon industry and commits to remain dedicated to local patients here.

“We want to avoid the herd mentality of Colorado and deliver a personal experience that transcends the simple purchase.”

1926 NE 40th Ave, Portland, OR 97212 503-208-2074 10AM-8PM MON-SAT 11AM-6PM SUN dopemagazine.com ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE

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CANNA-NEWS: RESEARCH

Unlocking Secrets:

The Mapping of the Cannabis Genome

OW THAT the cannabis legaliza-

tion genie is out of the bottle, investors and entrepreneurs are churning out binders of business research and plans. There’s clearly no stopping the growth of this brand new industry with its built-in consumer base of millions across the planet.

Something is being lost though, amidst all the legislative action, the rush of startups, and the quickly expanding consumer demand. It’s a mystery most in the industry don’t even know exists: What exactly is cannabis and what does the cannabis genome look like?

The answer to that question is a big one that the entire industry needs to know. This knowledge will benefit us all as cannabis users, but mostly it will help patients who still rely on

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largely anecdotal information to treat their serious ailments. This will also help regulators and lawmakers who need to have reliable scientific information to discuss the next steps in legalization.

With legal constraints hampering much true scientific research, it’s now finally clear that the time for the quantification of cannabis has come, and that’s where evolutionary biologist Dr. Nolan Kane comes in.

In a small lab inside the Ramaley Biology building on the campus of the University of Colorado in Boulder, Kane has studied what the untrained eye would perceive as mundane plants like sunflowers, mustard, and chocolate to discover their hidden properties. He now also knows more about the inside workings of the cannabis plant than any other scientist in

ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE dopemagazine.com

WRITER DAVID HODES

the world as a result of the Cannabis Genome Research Initiative (CGRI). The project will sequence numerous specimens from the three species of cannabis - pure sativa, indica and ruderalis - to examine the relationships between the major lineages within the genus, the spread of cannabis throughout the globe, and the rates of historical hybridization.

Dr. Kane and his team of seven evolutionary biologists have joined with graduate students and research assistants to do what no one has done before: mapping the genome of the cannabis plant. “I decided as a professor less than two years ago that I wanted to move in a different direction,” he says. “I still wanted to study sunflowers, but I wanted to do something in a way that was novel and interesting.” Then he heard from a colleague about the changes in the status of the legality of cannabis in Colorado.

“I thought about it, and it sort of took on a life of its own.”

Kane wanted to address basic biologic questions about cannabis, such as how the evolutionary aspects of the plant work, the genetics of adaption, and how a wild species was turned into a domesticated crop. The role of hybridization between distant members of the species to create different sub species is also an area of interest. “Those were many of the same questions that I had been addressing in sunflowers for a long time,” Kane says, “But the difference is [with cannabis] there is so much that is so wide open because it’s really understudied, relative to every other high value crop. It’s really complicated once you get into it.”

One of those basic questions is the origin of the Y chromosome. “Our own Y chromosome evolved a couple of hundred million years ago,” Kane says. “Whereas in cannabis, it’s clearly quite recent. It’s an incomplete evolution of the Y chromosome, and it’s ongoing, but what that does is enable us to study some things that happening recently [in the plant’s evolution].”

“Feminized seeds [in cannabis] is a trait that has evolved very recently, and there are some varieties that are hermaphrodites, and others that are male and female. It’s so recent that it hasn’t become fixed in the whole species,” he says, which may explain why cannabis seeds are so difficult to sex.

His 18-month-old CGRI research of cannabis has already helped accelerate the understanding of the plant. One of Kane’s students recently graduated with one of the first PhDs in cannabis, and they are doing research to analyze the sequence of 67 genomes found by both Kane’s lab, and other labs. Kane says, “That really opened the door to understanding the species and how lineages are evolving,” he says.

The sequencing work will also lead to much easier, faster, cheaper and more reliable testing of the plant for THC levels, CBD, and other active compounds. “Another thing that surprised me is we actually don’t know why these plants evolved these compounds,” explains Kane.

“We have a lot of ideas, but nobody has really demonstrated what these plants do with these compounds in the wild, what benefit these compounds provide for the plants, and why they make such a diversity of compounds.”

His theory about the purpose of these compounds is that they may serve to attract mammalian herbivores in order to disperse the seed.

“We have no idea, and to me it’s surprising that it’s such an important plant, used medically for thousands of years, and we don’t really know why the plant makes these compounds.”

The work on crossing breeding to create various strains of cannabis for recreational use, usually attributed to California growers in the mid-60s, gives scientists like Kane many interesting questions, and potentially interesting ideas, regarding what is really going on within the plant, he says. “Very little of it has been formally published or quantified. So it’s been a lot of it anecdotal stories where someone says ‘Hey I noticed this’ or something, but those observations haven’t been followed up on rigorously,” Kane says. “Now it’s time to follow up on those things and see what is going on with all of them.”

In Kane’s lab, on the campus of a federally funded university not able to allow work on a schedule 1 narcotic, he is only allowed to grow low THC cannabis. To keep his work clearly on the right side of the law, and he defaults to these conservatively low THC varieties in the studies. “What that means is that we can’t really do many of the kinds of studies that we would like to be able to do,” he says.

Other studies would include collaborations with other scientists in psychology and neuroscience, to understand the neurological effects of cannabis and its other properties. “We can exchange information and exchange ideas, and if I know something about the genetics, and they provide me information about some various traits, I could probably place things onto the genetic map,” he says.

He says that, for example, right now people are providing him information on all kinds of medical and recreational varieties of cannabis, which is enabling him to place of a lot of interesting traits onto the genetic map that he couldn’t directly assess himself. “But that means I have a lot less control over it because I can’t directly quantify these traits myself, and I have to rely on other people to provide that information.”

Dr. Kane finishes by explaining that as they put the cannabis genome together and associate some of the different traits, they will publish a fully mapped genome, placing all of the sequences onto the chromosomes. This will be a momentous occasion when it arrives, and a report on their process and progress of the mapping will publish soon in a scientific journal, but for now, it’s one step at a time.

“As far as any ‘A-ha!’ moments, I expect a lot of smaller steps that build on each other,” Kane predicts. “Much of what we are doing now is building tools to understand the plant better. Once we do that, I’m sure people will be applying it in all kinds of different ways, and we will finally be able to understand the Y chromosome evolution and the origins of that important trait.”

“Much of what we are doing now is building tools to understand the plant better.

Once we do that, I’m sure people will be applying it in all kinds of different ways” - Dr. Nolan Kane dopemagazine.com ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE

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CANNA-NEWS BUSINESS

The Roller Coaster of Cannabis Business Licensing

ICENSING YOUR cannabis business – whether serving the recreational side or medical side or both – is still under construction in many states as the industry grows. But the process is slowly changing and adapting to this new industry, and, even more slowly, getting simpler and easier.

The licensing process for a cannabis business may be complicated, but in the end it is essentially an endorsement of a business by the state’s department of revenue. Licenses are issued for any cannabis business that operates as a producer, processor, wholesaler or retailer. The eligibility is usually determined by a point system (based on scores after a review of business criteria (type of security, background checks, operation plan, financial investigation), or by rules enacted in tandem with legalization (such as Measure 91 in Oregon).

The licensing process can take from six months to a year or more from start to finish, depending on the state. This lengthy process can take the wind out of the sails of

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even the strongest businesses, which is why many are now hiring consultants to help them navigate the tricky ins and outs successfully.

Avis Bulbulyan, CEO of Bulbulyan Consulting Group, is a full service cannabis industry consultant, and one of the leading consulting firms in the cannabis business that knows the drill well.

In January, 2013, Avis worked with a group to prepare and submit for a license in Massachusetts, where his client was able to score highest on the point system used in that state, being awarded three out of the three available licenses.

Bulbulyan says the licensing process in Massachusetts generally takes over a year in Maryland by the time the state approves a license. Hawaii announced recently they will accept applications beginning in mid-January and award winners in April. New York is the fastest, he says, By the time everything is finalized and the application is accepted in New York, it’s less than two months, but it really

ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE dopemagazine.com

depends on the state. An applicant needs to start as soon as possible no matter what state.”

There are trap doors everywhere in this young industry, “The licensing process can be very difficult,” explains Chelsey Joseph, contract consultant for the nationally recognized cannabis consulting firm, Denver Relief Consulting. Joseph has assisted with cannabis business license applications in Canada, Colorado, Connecticutt, D.C., Florida, Illinois Massachusetts, Nevada and Washington, “It can also be very self-discovering,” she says.

Bulbulyan says that the toughest piece of the puzzle for applicants is often property acquisition. “That, and getting the client to the point of really understanding the amount of capital that is needed to participate in this industry,” he says, “Initially they don’t think it’s a heavy lift.”

For example, he says, in Maryland, the landlord of a property that was being looked at by a dispensary developer wanted $200,000 to just hold the property until

WRITER

PHOTOS

DAVID HODES

ALLIE BECKETT

Tips about getting a license from Avis Bulbulyan, CEO, Bulbulyan Consulting Group a decision about licensing was given.

Bulbulyan says a common mistake for applicants is believing they can, on their own, compete for a license against an organization of twenty or more people who are lined up with attorneys and supported by lobbyists. “You can be the jack of all trades in the cannabis business,” he says, “But that’s not going to go over well on the application. I don’t know of any group that got a license that didn’t have a lobbyist on their side, so I focus on lobbying from the beginning.” Lobbyists help work through zoning rules and other ordinances, among other things, that may affect the availability of the land for use as a dispensary.

Peter Schweda, co-founder and master grower at Natural Care Consulting, who operates a large, licensed cultivation center in Illinois, says that people wanting to get licenses don’t think about lawyers or lobbyists, because there is a well-known expense related to working with those professionals. “But quickly you learn that you definitely need to have a lobbyist, because you get tired of false information from the press,” he says. “Everyone has an opinion, and the information you get from your lobbyists or attorneys, I keep saying, is never 100% accurate, but it’s the most accurate information that you are going to be able to obtain.”

He says that’s because lawyers are trained to sift through stuff in the process that is not valid, and latch onto the points that are more critical to succeeding in the licensing process.

“I quickly learned that lobbyists and lawyers were worth the money,” he says, “Even though the costs are shocking at first.” Schweda explains an applicant should be willing to spend $500,000 to $1 million in consulting fees to those lawyers and consultants.

Understand your financial requirements.

Understand what kind of organization you are putting together.

Understand what you want to accomplish. Are you going for one license or more than one, to take over the state or the region?

Designate one person as your point person. You don’t want “too many cooks in the kitchen.”

Background checks of owners and employees can be one of the real sticking points during the licensing process as well, where problems can surface from a shadowy past in cannabis business, creating an obstacle.

“Many of these growers today have a dirty background of some kind,” Schweda says.

He says that he had several people among his list of employees who didn’t even pass an initial background check. “We started asking them before attempting to get a license, ‘Was there any time in your life that you were arrested? Let’s start with a speeding ticket.

Let’s talk about child support’”, he says.

Sometimes they will respond with a story about getting busted with a joint at a concert.

“And they’ll say ‘Oh, but that was nothing.’

Start with your lobbyist and be upfront with them. You want a comfort level with them, and name recognition, because when licensing officials review those applications, the names that they are familiar with get more interest and more advice.

No, that wasn’t nothing. That means everything in this process. So I say to those ‘Nice to meet you. Have a good day. Goodbye.’”

In the final analysis, the licensing roller coaster is fundamentally the same as in any other industry, Schweda says, “There is no way around it.

If you want to be a real serious competitor and have a serious chance of achieving your goal of getting your license, you have to pay attention to the laws, and have the ability to go with the ebb and flow of challenges along the way.

“This is not rocket science,” Joseph says, “Retail and agriculture have been around for years and there is really nothing new here. It’s just that the cannabis industry is so new.”

“This is not rocket science, retail and agriculture have been around for years and there is really nothing new here.” dopemagazine.com ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE

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CANNABIS AROUND THE WORLD

A Midsummer Night’s Blue Dream

WRITER R.Z. HUGHES

Kentucky’s High Hopes For Self-Snitching In Franklin County, Kentucky, the sheriff’s office is offering “drug dealers” a way to corner the market and get rid of rivals. In what seems like a trap designed to catch only the most gullible among us, a flyer was posted to their Facebook asking merchants of the black market to turn in their competition via mail or text. The pot leaf plastered form looks completely unserious, aside from the fact that they’re asking for a lot of personal information. This tactic – playing off the hugely misguided notion that cannabis users and the people who sell it are spineless rats – has been used by law enforcement elsewhere in the US, and exposes Franklin County’s finest for their ineptitude, laziness, and overall misunderstanding of the community they purportedly serve.

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ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE dopemagazine.com

Noted wordsmith and bane of high school students everywhere William Shakespeare, may have enjoyed a higher inspiration from our dear friend, Mary Jane. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis

by University of Witwatersrand has revealed residues of cannabis (and coca leaf) on pipe shards excavated from the playwright’s garden in Stratford-upon-Avon. Some experts dispute that the bard would have never used cannabis, blaming the pipes on dastardly neighbor boys, but the evidence is pretty clear. Cannabis is known as a friendly muse that enhances artistic minds and it’s apparently maintained this reputation diligently for centuries, even throughout the stuffy high-society of Victorian England.

Cannabis With No Memory Loss? What was that again?

Research done in Barcelona has shed new light on the ways THC interacts with neural receptors and produces certain effects.

It turns out cannabinoid and serotonin receptors are part of the same structure – a heteromer – and that many of the negative side-effects associated with cannabis such as short-term memory loss, are actually due

to the serotonin receptor. By blocking this pathway in mice, effectively severing the connection between the two receptors, it was found that the THC still exhibited medicinal benefits, such as anti-nausea and pain relief with no psychoactivity, anxiety, or memory problems.

Mexican Pot Farms Get A Modification A raid in the Mexican state of Jalisco has uncovered over 7,000 pot plants and landed twenty-five people in jail. The authorities found three greenhouses crammed full of clones and what they described as ‘genetically modified marijuana’. The alleged GMO grass had over 10% THC compared to the apparent Mexican norm of 3%. While it is not out of the realm of possibility, it seems unlikely that the cartels have funded research into DNA-splicing.

Instead, better genetics from the U.S. and Europe, thanks to selective breeding along with more sophisticated grow techniques, are the likely culprits for the potent mota.

Snoop Dogg No Longer Down With S-weed-en The Doggfather was detained for a short time in Uppsala, Sweden after a performance, and forced to submit a urine sample to police due to suspicions he might have been driving under the influence. Sweden’s draconian anti-drug laws allow for search of property, and they can conduct compulsory pee tests simply over the suspicion that one might be having a good time with the aid of foreign substances. This didn’t sit well with Snoop who, being released shortly after, posted an onslaught of online videos accusing the Swedish police of racial profiling and swearing to never to return there.

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CANNA-NEWS: HEALTH

Cannabis Effects on Sperm:

WRITER JESSICA ZIMMER

GRAPHICS 8THDAYCREATE .COM

The Research to Date and How to Encourage Better Science

ANNABIS APPEARS to have negative effects on sperm,

which can lead to the failure of a man to impregnate a woman.

Sperm with an abnormal size, shape, or speed may have a reduced chance of reaching and penetrating the egg. Some studies indicate that Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) causes sperm to swim too quickly and too erratically.

Burkman said research she conducted in 2003 showed the velocity and amount of vigorous swimming of sperm is actually comparatively high in cannabis smokers.

“It is possible that the elevated, vigorous hyperactivity may lead to early sperm burnout,” said Burkman.

Dr. Lani Burkman, associate professor emerita of gynecology at the State University of New York at Buffalo’s School of Medicine and founder of LifeCell Dx, a Buffalo fertility clinic, has been researching the effects of cannabinoids on reproductive health for over ten years. She said doctors need to ask more “probing” questions about cannabis use.

Dr. Allan Pacey, professor of andrology (the study of diseases and functions unique to males) at the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom, published a survey in 2014 on the lifestyle choices of 2,249 men at 14 fertility clinics in the UK. Data indicated men who smoke cannabis have irregularly sized and shaped sperm.

“They don’t have any questionnaires to ask if a patient has used cannabis, in what form, and (whether the woman) had a miscarriage,” said Burkman.

“[Packaging of DNA in the sperm head] is a normal process which happens as sperm are created. [Cannabis use appears to have] influenced the eventual size and shape of the sperm head,” said Pacey.

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Burkman says her clinic requires men who are trying to get their partner pregnant stop cannabis use and take a year to recover.

She also states that eggs are less vulnerable to harm than male reproductive organs.

“THC is stored in fat cells. When you exercise, fat cells get reduced in size and number. They release THC into the blood system. It may feel for a while like you’re smoking again,” said Burkman.

“For the most part, eggs are at rest. It is hard to damage them. Men are constantly reproducing sperm, but there are ways to cleanse the male reproductive system that would not be burdensome for most men. One example is discontinuing drug use…before trying to conceive,” says Daniels.

Burkman recommends six months of heavy exercise followed by two full sperm maturation cycles (two and a half months each) to restore sperm quality.

Interpreting data about cannabis and reproductive health is a political act. Many individuals who work with businesses, organizations, and educational institutions question the validity of past studies.

Ian James, vice president of business development at Canna Advisors, a Boulder-based consulting firm that helps cannabis-related business secure licenses Says, “When you talk about the research that’s dated [from the 1960s and 1970s], you ask, what was the government trying to achieve? It was focused on prohibition.”

Dr. Carl Hart, associate professor of psychology and psychiatry at Columbia University, who has conducted research on drugs that people commonly abuse, said, “My concern is that the conclusions drawn about the effects of specific drugs are unjustifiably negative.”

Lynn Paltrow, Executive Director of National Advocates for Pregnant Women, a New York-based nonprofit that protects the rights of pregnant and parenting women, says the fact that cannabis remains illegal under federal law makes it hard to discuss the drug’s effects.

Burkman said the best way to study the effects of cannabis on reproductive health would be to implement studies on men and women in different age groups of reproductive age who use cannabis, “from teenagers all the way up to women who are 45 and men who are 70.”

Burkman said it is important that studies focus on the moments leading up to fertilization.

“As the sperm are passing through her cervix, uterus, and then ovary, if she’s using cannabis too, the sperm get washed with a second dose of cannabinoids,” said Burkman.

Burkman says studies should look at how sperm affected by cannabis swim, focusing on whether they pursue a direct, speedy route to the egg.

“The egg cell has a cover on it called the zona,” said Burkman.

“The acrosome, a cap on the sperm head, releases chemicals which dissolve through the zona. The sperm then gets through and touches the egg cell. The egg pulls that sperm inside. That’s when fertilization has happened,” said Burkman.

“In an environment in which drugs are criminalized, people who use drugs are stigmatized,” said Paltrow.

Tom Angell, chairman of Marijuana Majority, a D.C.-based advocacy group for cannabis legalization says, “Scare tactics don’t work. We need to have access to good, unbiased information that keeps people safe.”

She expressed concern that research about the effects of cannabis on reproductive health is “often reported without any sense of awareness of how data will be politicized in a highly sensitive environment.”

Sara Arnold, co-founder of The Family Law & Cannabis Alliance, a Massachusetts-based organization that provides non-legal advice about cannabis and family law, agreed.

Cindy Daniels, professor of political science at Rutgers University and author of the 2006 book “Exposing Men: The Science and Politics of Male Reproduction,” says entities that conduct research about cannabis’ effects on reproductive health can act responsibly by explaining what types of studies are needed and what data may reveal.

“Any change that would allow cannabis to be studied in terms of its current and historical uses would be helpful. Scientific inquiry, especially about the benefits of cannabis, has been stifled thus far,” said Arnold.

“Drugs can damage sperm but not negatively impact male fertility. It takes fairly big studies to track cannabis use and its reproductive outcomes,” said Daniels.

She says she would be cautious in warning about the effects of drug use.

“We’ve exaggerated the negative effects of female drug use, especially occasional or casual drug use. For example, with alcohol, if a woman has a glass of wine but [eats at the same time and] is well nourished, there are not severe negative effects,” said Daniels.

“My concern is that the conclusions drawn about the effects of specific drugs are unjustifiably negative.”

Dr. Carl Hart, Associate Professor of Psychology and Psychiatry at Cholumbia University

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GROW

Keeping It Clean

WRITER DUTCH MASTERS

Avoiding Toxins in Cannabis` ITH MORE nutrient manufacturers and products

appearing on the shelves at every visit to the local garden supply store, it is of the utmost importance a grow enthusiast does their homework to pick the safest and most efficacious plant material for consumables. Not all of these products are created equal, and not all are marketed for use on consumable crops that need to be safe and free of contaminants. Our goal is by the end of this reading, many will be better informed about how to choose the right nutrients and additives for their cannabis grow, based upon their efficaciousness, purity, and safety.

Many already operating in states that have legalization bills on the books have grown quite accustom to the stringent (and rightfully so) testing parameters for final product. These tests not only provide a glimpse at potency and cannabinoid/terpenoid content, but also screen for contaminants (i.e. pesticides, heavy metals, microbial contamination, pests and foreign matter, etc.) While states are still enacting more specific testing parameters, it’s important to note that testing for toxic heavy metals will be gaining ever-increasing scrutiny. Why would toxic heavy metals (i.e. Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, Mercury, Arsenic, etc.) be appearing in our cannabis? A lesser-known fact: Many nutrients and additives, both inorganic and organic, that are currently being applied to plants frequently around the globe, are in fact a hidden source of toxic heavy metals.

A quick search on databases provided by state-specific agricultural departments (free and accessible to anyone) yields some surprising results regarding commonly used nutrients and additives, indicating the true content of some “high-grade” products. There are various grades of elements available to nutrient manufacturers and obviously they, and you, get what they paid for. A majority of nutrient companies use stock constituents that are considered “agricultural grade”.

This means less testing and less requirements are mandated – often resulting in a lower quality product, possibly containing contaminants.

This isn’t a major issue when using fertilizers on a rose garden, but we’re now talking about consumable and smokeable crops. While these less-than-stringent guidelines are great for some nutrient manufacturers’ bottom lines, the long-term health effects for those consuming the final product grown with these products is yet to be ascertained. We do however know the effects of direct exposure to toxic heavy metals, which includes renal damage, anemia, seizure, coma,

Alzheimer’s disease, Wilson’s disease, and cancer, just to name a few.

What can be done to ensure that a garden is fit for consumption while providing the best nutrition for the plants? For starters, growers can research the conditions and standards of the manufacturing facilities involved in making the products. What equipment do they mix their chemicals with? Which filtration methods do they use?

What are the quality control/assurance measures in place? There are third party standards and protocols that manufacturing facilities can meet, such as those regulated by the International Organization for Standardization. They issue issue ISO Certification, such as ISO 9001, a Quality Management System ensuring standardized quality across all areas of the business including facilities, people, training, services and equipment; ISO 14001 for an Environmental Management System, providing assurance that environmental impact is being measured; and ISO 13485, certifying the manufacture and supply of chemicals meets the requirements of medical components for healthcare customers.

Next, look at the grade of materials being used in their manufacturing process. Although agricultural grade material may be more to likely contain contaminants in the form of toxic heavy metals, this isn’t the only culprit to look out for. Yes, “organic” products often have some of the highest heavy metal content – particularly bat guano, a notorious heavy metal accumulator. Be sure the nutrient manufacturer has registered their heavy metals report with organizations such as AAPFCO (Association of American Plant Food Control Officials www.aapfco.org/metals.htm) to qualify acceptable levels. If excessive heavy metals are discovered in a grower’s current nutrient regimen, a serious reassessment of cost versus benefit needs to occur, factoring in human health.

As more states begin to wise up to legalization, we will begin to see more mandatory testing requirements surface where consumable products are concerned, particularly around toxic heavy metal content.

Once this occurs, a significant shift will occur within the cannabis cultivation community, and we’ll begin to see safe product labels for our plants indicating pharmaceutical grade quality, currently upheld in more typical medical manufacturing and much like pharmaceutical grade compounds produced for human consumption.

“Many nutrients and additives, both inorganic and organic, that are currently being applied to plants frequently around the globe, are in fact a hidden source of toxic heavy metals.” dopemagazine.com ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE

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CANNA-NEWS

Cannabis Funding

O I have to admit, I have never owned stock in my life. Some-

thing about the whole system just seems so random, arbitrary, and confusing. This month I spent time talking to some of the bright lights in venture capital and asset management who have been targeting cannabis opportunities for investors. According to ArcView’s Market Report (January 2015) the industry expanded by a whopping 74% in 2014—with even the most conservative estimates predicting even more growth in the future. That makes cannabis the fastest-growing industry in the U.S. by about a mile, and an increasingly tempting industry for investors and investment firms.

Aside from the fact that it is inherently risky, there is significantly less competition for investors in cannabis than in other cutting-edge industries, and there are significant returns to be made. The opportunity of healthy profits looks even better when combined with the ”fringe benefit of being in the history books as instrumental in ending prohibition,” according to Anthony Davis of Anslinger Capital. Demand is high, and still growing, and there are a lot of passionate entrepreneurs ready to capitalize.

The opportunity for investors is clear—and the value proposition grows clearer every day as publically traded cannabis companies gain traction. Company valuations are becoming both more realistic, with higher numbers, and the quality of management teams is on an upswing. As Emily Paxhia of Poseidon shared with me in a phone interview, “The time is now. [Investors] are never

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again going to find the deals at the price points that we are seeing.

The talent, drive and passion of the founders entering the market now really has us excited about the future of the industry.”

The barriers are equally clear: cannabis is still illegal at the federal level.

The role of regulation in creating the market varies wildly from state to state. There are challenges in banking and in access to capital because of this uncertainty. “It’s such a bizarre paradox to have states calling their own shots while on the federal side of things this is still illegal. There are a lot of risks associated with that. There are a lot of unknowns,” said Jessica Geran of Dutchess Capital, “what it really comes down to is the regulations, number one, and the fact that this is still considered an illegal drug, whether it’s medical or adult use. I could go on and on about the variables, but once you sign that check it’s a risk. You cross your fingers and hope for the best. We do tons of due diligence to make sure that we can mitigate as much of the unknown as possible.”

Another major barrier is the sluggish rate of change in the social conversation around cannabis, especially for adult use. “Everyone needs to start talking about it, and come out of the closet,” said Davis. “We are taking an industry that has a really negative connotation and demonstrating that it’s a good community.

We aren’t taught how to do that in school. It’s really challenging to start organizations with this negative connotation. To walk into family firms and ask for million-dollar investments in cannabis, you get looked at like you are crazy. People are afraid about

the recreational side, and it’s so much less dangerous than alcohol.”

WRITER

Geran sees the change that is taking place: “In regards to the federal aspect of it, this thing is moving so well. The toothpaste is out of the tube. We have to get people to understand that the entrepreneurial type, the employee, the artist, the mom, the dad, the patient… everyone is a potential customer.”

MELANIE BIGALKE

The long and short of it is that venture capital is beginning to make major moves in cannabis. For consumers, this means an expansion of the products available as well as innovation, collaboration and the growth of the industry as a whole. It means that investors have an opportunity right now to make the history books. And it means that I am investing my next paycheck with one—if not all—of these smart, savvy firms, thanks to the advice from Morgan Paxhia of Poseidon: “For those who are looking to get in, funds exist for a reason. It’s a lot of work. There’s so much passion. It’s a really fun industry, and it’s a really great time to get involved.”

Company Profiles THE NEWCOMERS

THE SPECIALISTS

Poseidon Asset Management is a Californiabased cannabis hedge fund that offers wealth management services and invests in innovative, cutting edge cannabis businesses. They offer a significant service in their exhaustive due diligence. According to the company manifesto, “investing in this industry demands exponentially more time and energy than most of our clients would prefer. We aim to remove this “friction” by providing our clients with access to our carefully curated portfolio focusing on the cannabis industry.” Co-founded by Morgan and Emily Paxhia (a brother and sister team), Poseidon is poised to exploit market dislocations—the real undervaluation of companies in the industry. Both Morgan and Emily are world-class competitive sailors, and they are ready to ride this wave all the way. Poseidon is looking to be a visionary fund in the industry—and they have a strong vision. “Cannabis will bring in new technologies and efficiencies to a drought-stricken California and beyond,” said Morgan in a telephone interview. “Farming 2.0 will come out of this movement.”

THE GLOBALISTS

Dutchess Capital is a manager of global investment funds. Founded in 1996, they have made over 400 investments globally—with a total transaction value exceeding $2 billion.

Dutchess is not solely focused on cannabis, offering services to start-ups, pre-IPO (initial public offering) businesses, and publically traded companies. This diversified fund has been actively investing in the industry since 2012. According to their website, “Dutchess portfolio companies are uniquely positioned to benefit with respect to the latest data, trends, products, services and ever changing regulatory environment. Further, in the quest for earnings growth, our legalized cannabis portfolio companies have successfully engaged in cross-pollinating with one another, which have resulted in business agreements, strategic partnerships or joint ventures.” Dutchess Capital brings global experience and risk management and expertise to the table. Many investors are attracted by the chance to get their toes wet in the cannabis sea while still investing in other industries. Jessica Geran, Head of Corporate Finance, said “This is the riskiest industry that we’ve ever been involved in— but there has never been an industry, or an opportunity, like it. We were very early on the scene. Dutchess got into it really as a fun little side project…then after some serious research and a lot of due diligence, we realized the scope of where this could go: the actual size of the potential market, and the fact that there weren’t a lot of other investors in it.”

Anslinger Capital, founded in May 2015, is an early stage venture capital fund focused on the emerging cannabis industry. Ansligner is based in Winter Park, Florida with offices in Seattle, Washington and has already completed 3 investments. Co-Founder Anthony Davis is a successful serial entrepreneur who has a proven track record of founding startups in the technology sector. After his recent stint as the CEO of Leafly (“the world’s cannabis information resource”), Davis and partners Christopher Male and Brett Gellein founded Anslinger Capital to create the future of the industry—and to make money. “I am an unapologetic capitalist. People never know how to react when I say this, my partners get a kick out of it—but I’m not joking,” said Davis during a telephone interview, “I use my capitalism for really good things. I am a major donor to three non-profits in the Seattle area and do a lot of advising to and for the startup community. I look for things that make a lot of money, so that I can afford to keep giving. There’s a ton of money to be had in the cannabis industry.”

“This is the riskiest industry that we’ve ever been involved in, but there has never been an industry, or an opportunity, like it.”

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CANNA-NEWS: HEALTH

Living with Disability: Understanding Cripple Punk Culture

WRITER JOHHNY HALFHAND

GRAPHICS 8THDAYCREATE .COM

ISABLED PEOPLE have the ironic fate of being simultaneously watched and ignored. In Seattle, when the bus stops to lower the ramp for someone with a wheelchair, it is not uncommon to hear some commuter sigh audibly, and drop their eyes to their phones when the individual finally boards the bus to get situated. In the US, it seems people want to watch and judge, more than smile, accept, or even help. With so little representation in TV or movies, it’s really no wonder that we are such objects of interest to the average bystander.

“They put together a punk philosophy for the disabled folks who are simply fed up with trying to fit everybody’s expectations.”

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We are watched and monitored by a skeptical public. It seems everyone wants to keep tabs on us to safeguard their tax dollars at work and to make sure we’re not all scamming our way to the top. Those with invisible disabilities such as chronic fatigue syndrome and Crohn’s disease have been reporting harassment from bystanders for “not being really handicapped.” Many seem to think a wheelchair is the sign of a bonafide, bluestar disabled person. Perhaps this policing of handicapped folks is meant for the public good, when really, it is simply harassment.

Much of the tension comes from the mythos of the ‘Good Cripple’. Similar to the ‘Magic Negro’ archetype, the Good Cripple is always smiling, patient, compassionate, selfless, and because of this, loveable. Good examples of this might be Tiny Tim, who is pitiful yet adorable - or Professor X, whose immense mental powers trivialize his physical difficulties.

However, when one is crippled by illness or injury, it is far from a walk in the park. It takes years to find some degree of acceptance, and many people struggle to find it, battling through their lives with rage, depression, or substance abuse issues (Think House, the polar opposite of the Good Cripple). A lifetime of intense struggle is difficult for all but the most resilient soul. Many able-bodied folks hear of such struggles and try to “fix” them by recommending yoga, exercise, whole foods, alternative medicines, and so on. Sometimes it seems like it will never stop. This constant onslaught of “Have you tried…?” begins to feel like an interrogation and a massive invasion of privacy.

After all, this is our personal medical history.

It’s about time we handicapped folks reclaim our dignity, our freedom, and our individuality.

Physically disabled people wanting to be a part of the movement who are uncomfortable using the slur may refer to it as “cpunk”

In this vein, the Cripple Punk movement was born on Tumblr. User ffsshh, who was fed up with experiencing ableism, laid the groundwork for a new kind of movement for the physically disabled, which doesn’t give a shit about social expectations or pandering to able-bodied observers for pity and adoration. They put together a punk philosophy for the disabled folks who are simply fed up with trying to fit everybody’s expectations.

This is more than just folks with disabilities wearing tattered jeans and black hoodies.

It’s a philosophy that encourages the handicapped to deal with their limitations in their own way, at their own pace, and with their own personal style. It builds confidence to battle one’s daily struggles, and acts as armor against the ableist attitudes that keep striving to fit the disabled into an ableist mold.

The Cripple Punk ethos states they’re for the bitter cripple, the cripple who smokes or drinks, the cripple who doesn’t have the wherewithal to be an inspiration, the cripple who hasn’t “tried everything” or who struggles with denial, anger, or addiction. Cpunk fights internalized ableism, fully supporting those struggling with it. It provokes important conversations with the able-bodied: are handicapped people obliged to smile all the time? Is it improper to ask a disabled stranger about his/ her/their medical history? Is it insulting to respond to uncomfortable facts of disability with ‘Have you tried yoga/reiki/crystal healing?’

The cpunk movement has gained a lot of attention on Tumblr and is beginning to grow beyond it. Commenting on the impact of their work, ffsshh said, “I’m just really happy & proud of how much cripple punk has grown & how many people have

Able-bodied people may never use uncensored slurs themselves (such as cripple, a reclaimed slur) but never censor our language

been touched by it.” In time, hopefully it will help more and more people be free to just be themselves, and this subculture will blossom into a beautiful punk flower.

Kick ass fellow cripples, and just do ‘you.’

RULES ‘Cripple’ is a negative slur to many disabled individuals, so refrain from using it if you are not disabled.

Cripple punk is not conditional on things like mobility aids & “functioning levels”

Always listen to those with different physical disabilities & different intersections than yourself. Do not speak over them.

Disabled people do not need to personally identify with the words “cripple” or “punk” individually to be a part of cripple punk.

Able-bodied people wishing to spread the message may only ever amplify the voices of the disabled

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CLOSEST LEGAL WEED TO PORTLAND!

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OCATED IN a cozy vintage house on Broadway in Vancouver, Washington, High End Market Place is a trendy retail location still embodying a friendly neighborhood vibe. The three trees on their beautifully carved wooden sign out front point those seeking legal cannabis and high end functional glass in the right direction, up their daisy-lined steps to the front door.

After being checked in, we head on back to their main showroom. Amid the busy rumblings of patrons discussing cannabis with their knowledgeable staff, a tattooed budtender, Jessie Jordan, tells us personal testimonials connected with their most favored flower. Some of the premier farms recommended by High End Market Place are JV Ranch, Bondi farms and Royal Tree farms. We found the house favorite “Middlefork” grown by Royal Tree Farms to have a very pleasant earthy aroma, coinciding perfectly with their spot-on recommendation. Steve Powers is High End’s resident weed guru, and he handles all of the dispensary’s flower selection and intake. He believes organic, non-chemical, sustainable and environmentally friendly grow practices should always be used when growing cannabis for medicinal use, and notes that all these best practices are reflected in the final harvested flower.

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1906 Broadway St, Vancouver, WA 98663 503-487-6523 Sun-Wed 9AM-9PM Thu-Sat 9AM-10PM www.highendmarketplace.com

Their High End concentrates cover the whole range from shatter to crumble, with powerhouse strains such as Super Lemon Kush, Pure Purple Afghani and Hawaiian crush gracing the shelves. Medibles are a favorite at High End, and with frontrunners like Winterlife and Fair Winds, patrons can choose from the classic cookie or chocolate to the infused coffee pods.

Beautiful custom glass houses functional art pieces, while innovative smoking devices grace towering shelves with original paintings.

The High End combines all aspects of the culture rich cannabis industry here for their visitor’s enjoyment. Of the partner owners, Morgan Hutchinson tells me that the team enjoys coming up with new and entertaining events and contests that create a stimulating social experience for both new and loyal customers. This is the reasoning behind their decision to launch various “cannabis culture events.” Their “Sunday Sessions”, are becoming quite popular, take place on the last Sunday of each month, and feature musicians, artists and product deals, with a little something for everyone.

WRITER BRANDON KRENZLER @CANNADAD

PHOTOS CHRIS RYAN PHOTOGRAPHY

“Their “Sunday Sessions” are becoming quite popular, take place on the last Sunday of each month, and feature musicians, artists and product deals, with a little something for everyone. “

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POLITICS

Rules Advisory Committee To Make Suggestions To The Oregon Health Authority, The Liquor Control Commission, & Department Of Agriculture WHILE THE Rules Advisory Committee (RAC) is tasked with helping make the rules for recreational cannabis, many of the new regulations will also apply to the Oregon Medical Marijuana Program (OMMP).

There are two technical committees holding ongoing meetings throughout the year; Licensing, Compliance and Enforcement Committee and the Labs Committee. There are also several sub-committees involved in the rule making process; Growers, Retail, Processors: Extracts, Processors: Edibles, Topical and Infused Products, Wholesale, Business and Advertising and Labeling.

The main committee still has two meetings remaining that are open to the public: Friday September 18 and Friday October 16.

LICENSING, COMPLIANCE & ENFORCEMENT This technical committee is an ongoing group that meets with oversight to the other groups and reports to the main RAC. They have met regarding licensing types and application, employee certification and education, enforcement, nuisance language, compliance, tracking and transporting, auditing, as well as chain of custody. Future meetings are about dosage for edibles and extracts, warning labels and advertising and labeling.

Meeting dates, times and agendas can be found at www.oregon.gov/OLCC. Meeting materials are not provided to the general public and occupancy is 60 people per meeting, first come first serve.

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WRITER LINDSEY RINEHART

GRAPHICS 8THDAYCREATE .COM

NEXT MEETINGS: SEPTEMBER 14 AND OCTOBER 12.

Another meeting is posted for October 12, but an agenda was not posted at press time.

abs: The labs group is the other technical committee that has oversight on the other sub-committees. They have discussed the testing of flower and leaf material, testing extracts, edibles, topicals and other infused products. They also have discussed regulations pertaining to batch sizes, sampling methods, required types of testing and water activity.

The following committees met four times each and reported to the main two technical committees.

The group dove even deeper, discussing standardized units of measurement for lab testing, acceptable margins of error, cost to test, test types, lab proficiency and certification, documentation standards (data collection points), and required testing by stage in the production and processing chain. Another big topic was failed tests.

They discussed the tracking, possession and waste disposal for failed products, standards for retesting, mitigation methods, standards for second opinion testing, and Oregon Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program (ORELAP) standards for test failures and second opinions.

ORELAP has been tasked with accreditation and licensing the labs that test cannabis.

Product tracking is very important to this committee, so chain of custody has also been a focus. They are looking for traceable events in the production cycle, control measures to prevent tampering with products post testing and sample retention standards/requirements.

They have also discussed lab security, with regard to special security needs that other commercial businesses may not encounter such as employee security, data entry issues, inspections and compliance, and allowing access to lab facilities by minors for research purposes.

Next Meeting: September 14 – ORELAP certification process and standards will be reviewed as well as lab proficiency and certification standards, allowable testing of products for the public (non-licensed home grow testing), standardizing lab practices, and safeguards that separate medical and recreational products.

Growers:

Topics included start-up inventory and using “the exiting medical infrastructure for start-up”, visibility of plants, early sales and starts, production limits and tracking, testing and pesticides, waste disposal, transporting, licensing, vertically integrated business and relationship/ transactions with other business types, security for both indoor and outdoor grows.

Extracts:

Consumer safety is the focus here, specifically in regard to solvents and residual solvents. Testing, facility safety and security, transportation and tracking were all major points of the agenda.

Edibles:

Topicals and Infused Products: This meeting discussed the types of facilities appropriate for manufacturing, lab testing, security, transportation, tracking, waste disposal and packaging.

Retail:

This committee began with the point of sale system and its rules, facility security, retail services like samples and returns and detecting intoxication, employee education with certification, compliance, transportation methods, marketing rules and recalls.

Wholesale:

Wholesale began with supply chains and types of wholesaler and then transitioned to transportation and storage, procurement, tracking, reporting and security, and then facilities.

Business:

There were two meetings planned for August, however their agendas were not posted at the time of press, and no other meetings have been held or scheduled.

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GARDEN

Master Gardens HEN ARRIVING at Master Gardens, the CannaGuard security signs posted on the fence were the only hints given that this warehouse contains a very expansive and efficient indoor cannabis garden facility. Inside the warehouse, a large two story custom structure houses cannabis plants in various stages of growth.

Their garden is segregated by stage of growth, and there is a dedicated nursery, separate from both the vegetative cycle rooms and the flowing rooms. This facility has been designed as a “Show Room” grow, outfitted with top of the line equipment from various partner product manufacturers and service providers.

The facility is equipped with iGrow brand induction lighting, which provides a distinct reduction in wattage while the output remains high, allowing for the close placement of lights without risk of damage to delicate plant tissue. iGrow lights use drastically less energy and create a fraction of the heat that conventional HiD lights generate. Puradigm air purifiers can be found throughout their various rooms; this company produces extremely efficient air purification systems that decrease the risk of molds and mildews that can infect plants. The owners also chose to partner with Cannley Cannabis Company, who specializes in building production infrastructures to help diversify their product portfolio and sustain profit margins.

Owners Josh Munk and Jake Davis have found solutions to common production issues, and in the future they intend to open their doors to the general public, where they’ll share their insights on maximizing gram per square foot production while minimizing overhead costs.

“Even as Oregon enters the recreational market, and guidelines transition from regulated numbers to regulated canopy square footage, it will still come down to the cost of gram production,” Josh says. “We want to help direct the industry towards a more sustainable approach to growing cannabis, reducing [energy} consumption while maximizing production.”

There’s a wide range of strains grown here, including Chemdawg #4, a robust and pungent phenotype of Chemdawg that yields extra potent buds. LSD is a Portland area favorite, delivering an uplifting head change, and they also grow a beautiful cross of Blueberry and Northern Lights.

Keep your eye on Master Gardens as they progress in the industry and evolving regulatory environment. The tours of this facility will be extremely informative, visit their website and subscribe to their email newsletter for information surrounding future tour opportunities.

www.pdxmasters.com

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WRITER BRANDON KRENZLER @CANNADAD

PHOTOS CHRIS RYAN

“We want to help direct the industry towards a more sustainable approach to growing cannabis, reducing [energy} consumption while maximizing production.”

dopemagazine.com ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE

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FLAVOR Due to the proprietary winterizing technique with all waxes and terpenes being removed, there is virtually no flavor present upon inhale.

A barely detectable essence of old fashioned hash flavor does come through on exhale tough, and it’s predictably sweet and fruity as this plant’s lineage dictates.

LOOKS Gazing upon the long, amber colored shards from this A Grade Sirius concentrate; they sparkle and catch the light like fine jewelry.

Extremely stable, the rod holds up so well to the heat that some brave souls feel comfortable holding it while dabbing the other end straight onto the nail, with no tool required – but please do this only at your own risk!

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The “amber” winterization process that is proprietary to Sirius Extracts creates a product without the familiar scent of cannabis or any other scent for that matter. This proprietary step is taken to enhance the clarity and cleanliness of the product, leaving the patient with a medicinally pure, hard hitting concentrate.

Comprised of heavy hitters God Bud and Purple Urkle, this Grand Daddy Purple concentrate packs quite the punch. Introduced in Catifornia in 2013 by Ken Estes, it’s now become a permanent staple within the Oregon cannabis community. GDP sports large dense nugs, delightful for any gardener, but especially outdoor growers who can expect enormous yields.

MEDICAL BENEFITS Indicative of its indica-like traits Grand Daddy Purple has been used by many to ease nausea, pain, and sleeplessness. GDP is said to have effective muscle relaxing properties, and many experience a noticeable reduction in pain with their first dab, and this writer experienced a notable difference in my nerve pain.

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FEATURE

Celebrity Advocate: Laganja Estranja EXAS TRANSPLANT, California cannabis patient,

and drag queen with a cause, Jay Jackson, is celebrating a big win near and dear to his heart this year, the right for same sex couples to marry on a national level.

“The Supreme Court ruling was historic,” the 26 yearold performer said from his home in Los Angeles. “The fight for equality is something incredibly important to me. The fact that my sister and her wife can now renew their vows and have their marriage legally recognized in our home state of Texas; there’s no greater joy.”

The Supreme Court’s decision to overturn DOMA, the “Defense of Marriage Act,” passed by Congress and signed into national law by then president, Bill Clinton in 1996, had the lesbian, gay, bi-sexual, transgender, queer (LGBTQ) community dancing in the streets.

While progress is being made within the Queer community, Laganja’s other passion, the progression to end the prohibition of cannabis is painfully slow, with persecution still prevailing in legal states, medical or otherwise.

Alright for us, not for you The rights for cannabis patients are being decided on state, county and city levels, with much contradiction. The most recent conundrum being both the addition of PTSD’s to Washington State’s list of ailments, while Colorado announced to disallow it, within days of each other.

While veterans of war are typically first in line for a diagnosis of PTSD, followed by anyone else who has experienced trauma, those in the LGBTQ community are very frequently effected from lifetimes of discrimination, abuse, and bullying.

Fearlessly Defending Our Plant One Heel in Front of the Other WRITER SHARON LETTS

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PHOTOS SCOTT KIRBY

ROBIN SLONINA

ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE dopemagazine.com

In January of 2014 Laganja was chosen to compete in season six of the Logo TV’s RuPaul’s Drag Race. When Jackson showed up for production in his hometown of Los Angeles, he says an intensive search was done of his belongings by the production company.

“It wasn’t like a bag check at a concert where they quickly look in your purse and wave you past,” he explained. “I arrived with bins of hair, make-up, accessories, wigs, and costume’s, and they went through all of it, while the other girls told me their search was fairly simple. They made me choose between my career and my medicine, and when faced with that decision, I sacrificed my medicine.”

Jackson is all too familiar with discrimination. He’s dealt with it all his life, whether for who he is or how he chooses to medicate, making PTSD situations all too common.

“My point of view is controversial, my medicine has a stigma, my stage name is a trigger – I get it,” he said clearly frustrated, “but the show was filmed in California and I’m a legal cannabis patient here. Prior to filming I attempted to hand the production company my medical card, and let them know that I am a patient and medicate for real issues, but they said it wasn’t enough. I don’t have any bad feelings for RuPaul, the network, or the production company. I will just be happy for the day when my medicine is understood and accepted.”

Request for comments on the search itself or information on the company’s policy on medical cannabis in production went unanswered. “Jackson said a producer called him with an additional reminder of its non-disclosure agreement (NDA).” It seems details regarding the way he was treated and the policies surrounding the search is confidential.

Medicating For A Lifetime of Pain Jackson’s ailments are extensive, both emotionally and physically, as he suffers from a childhood of stresses relating to his sexual orientation, on top of physical damage to his body from performing.

Without cannabis we can safely assume he would be prescribed anti-depressants and an anti-anxiety medication, at the very least. As a lifelong athlete dealing with pain, he would typically be prescribed painkillers or be addicted to an opiate derivative by now. The amount of medication he’d need prescribed by a doctor to replace the various forms of cannabis he uses as medicine is daunting, to say the least - but it all would have been allowed on national television with no search necessary.

“I medicate with cannabis for a number of purposes in many different ways,” he explained. “My initial use came from a dance injury in college, and I now have replaced my western pills with the herb. I no longer regularly take sleeping pills or pain killers, and the herb keeps me calm under pressure, keeps my emotions level, and combats the physical pain of getting into drag.”

ous dance tricks! Cannabis really does help me be my best, most relaxed self – it’s integral to my success and well-being.”

Without the herb the participation on Drag Race was challenging. Emotions ran high, tears flowed, her body ached, and Laganja was not at her best. Her medicine would have made all the difference in her performance, but the education wasn’t there. Due to her talent, she “sashayed away” with her chin up and her popularity at an all-time high.

The stress of the ordeal sent her to the bottle during a PTSD episode. Eight months ago, Jackson came clean, is now shunning alcohol and is working with fellow Drag Race star Gia Gunn on a #TeamTooMuch tour, with health being a top priority.

The physical torture of drag is little known to the outside world. It’s a way of life, a practice, and takes tons of taping, tucking – and a whole lot of topical cannabis salve.

“A tuck is when a female illusionist takes his genitals and hides them from view – partially inside him with tape,” he shared. “It’s something I’ve gotten used to, but it’s especially uncomfortable and painful when done for an extended period of time. Tape is often used on the edges of the face to give a ‘lift,’ and around the hairline to secure the wig. I do crazy tricks when I perform, so my wig has to be on tight! The bobby pins are pressed hard into my skull and the tape is constraining.”

Aside from physical changes in appearance leading to pain, Laganja’s performances, her signature “Death Drop,” a move putting her feet above the stage, then plunging her back down to the ground in the splits – all the while wearing eight inch heels and a wig – would send anyone to big pharma begging for help.

“Cannabis helps me relax while dancing,” he shared. “If there is too much tension some of the moves I perform are very dangerous. The ‘Death Drop’ and all the variations can be really painful if not done correctly. It takes training, strength, and the ability to relax to accomplish these physical feats. I tuck, I tape, and I wear killer heels, corsets, and do dangerdopemagazine.com ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE

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Supporting Sisters Laganja made many connections during season six of Drag Race, but “Gia Gunn,” otherwise known as Chicago native Scott Ichikawa, became a partner in advocacy with “#TeamTooMuch,” the duo’s touring production that advocates safety and sobriety within the drag community, and beyond.

Ichikawa, who had family support coming out as a teenager, came to terms with his own self-medicating to quell emotions, about the same time Jackson fessed up to abusing alcohol post Drag Race.

“I’ve never been a big fan of alcohol,” he shared. “Drugs can be fun, but [they] wear on the body. Being sober and finding clarity has really helped me realize that I need my health to keep going.

Recently I started to get that anxious feeling and wasn’t sure where it was coming from. I felt uncentered and had to make a change, so I went to Colorado and discovered natural oils, cannabis, yoga and spiritual healing – all positive ways of selfmedicating, allowing us to ‘escape’ without harming our bodies.”

As far as Ichikawa is concerned, acceptance is one thing and understanding is another, but the labeling and judgements that continue, he feels, are a huge problem.

“People need to accept that a lot of things are not black and white, yes or no, gay or straight,” he explains.” Sometimes it’s all of those things. I would love people to have a better understanding of themselves, so they can better understand others.” I have found that becoming more open with myself – which has caused great discomfort – has allowed me to be more at peace with others. Especially in dealing with gender issues – the answer is not always ‘right there,’ and that’s alright – we just need to understand the concept!”

The higher the heels and bigger the hair, the closer to God This past month Laganja was invited to be on stage with Miley Cyrus as she hosted the MTV Video Music Awards (VMAs). Cyrus at just 21 years of age has proven to be a faithful proponent of the plant and an outspoken advocate for the LGBTQ community, dawning Laganja’s designer jewelry in Instagram posts, and learning a few of her moves.

With Cyrus’ non-profit, “Happy Hippies Foundation,” she recognizes the need for support within the LGBTQ community. Her foundation reaches out to the growing number of traumatized and homeless youth on the streets, offering support and services.

Inviting Laganja on stage with her to a mainstream event, such as MTV’s VMAs was a statement and show of support, both for the plant and the LGBTQ community.

Jackson said he’ll continue to dawn the wig and heels to advocate for his good medicine, dealing with any trauma and stress as the drama plays out. He’s used to it, as he’s been dancing around difficult situations all his young life.

“Within the LGBTQ community I’m known as a voice for legalization and the decriminalization of cannabis,” he shared. “However, it has been slightly difficult for me to gain exposure within the cannabis community. I’ve been told it may be due to an imbedded brand of homophobia, but there are exceptions! For my last photo shoot for Dope Magazine (October, 2012), I had the opportunity to stay at a farm owned and operated by LGBTQ women!”

Laganja’s hopes are high to someday be included in the world of weed, recently recording a rap song, “Hot Box,” a nasty, playful song that he hopes can build a bridge to connect more deeply with the cannabis community. And while she’s eternally grateful for Dope Magazine for giving her an opportunity to shine (this cover is a first for a drag star in a top weed magazine), she still feels she’s a long way back in the line for dabs, so to speak.

“My dream is to perform at one of the cannabis festivals,” Jackson said. “I’ve got my fair share of negative commentators, but who cares? All the honesty, positivity, and healing outweighs the haters. I have great relationships with farmers and dispensaries, and I’m in talks on getting my own branded Laganja ganja. I’m still going to be me. I exist at the crossroads of counter cultures and the tide is changing. I just want to put it out into the universe – I want to be your weed Queen! Let me dance for you!” (and DOPE loves you too, beautiful!

• • • •

Laganja Estranja www.laganjaestranja.com Gia Gunn www.logosrupaulsdragrace.wikia.com/wiki/Gia_Gunn RuPaul’s Drag Race on Logo www.logotv.com/shows/rupauls_drag_race Laganja’s single, “Hot Box” launching Sept. 4 on iTunes

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NG TO N

ND ,W AS HI

KIR KL A

HEALTH

Stressed, Gay & Stoned?

Not A Problem.

WRITER SHARON LETTS

Cannabis Provides Support for PTSD in the LGBTQ Community

PAPER published in the Harvard Gazette (2012) recognizes the occurrence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSDs) for those associating as Lesbian, Gay, Bi-Sexual, or Transgender (LGBT) as being much more frequent starting at a younger age than with heterosexuals suffering with the same disorders.

The study, previously published online in the American Journal of Public Health, states the long term ramifications of these types of disorders stem from years of internal confusion based on sexual orientation, and reoccurring instances of public discrimination founded on misinformation.

Lead author, Andrea Roberts, research associate at the Department of Society, Human

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Development, and Health for the Harvard School of Public Health explains, “We looked at a group of people who were at the cusp of adulthood and found much higher levels of PTSDs in sexual orientation minorities compared with heterosexuals. We found that differences in PTSDs by sexual orientation already exist by age 22. This is a critical point at which young adults are trying to finish college, establish careers, get jobs, maintain relationships, and establish a family.”

ability to function normally in daily life.

Negative changes in thinking, combined with negative feelings about one’s self or other people starts to come into play and the inability to have positive emotions or feel good about things are common. All sited as being part of PTSD are feelings of being numb, a lack of interest in activities once previously enjoyed, feeling hopeless about the future, problems with memory, and difficulty maintaining close relationships.

“Triggered by a terrifying event, either experiencing it or witnessing it,” is how the Mayo Clinic describes the disorders that include “flashbacks, nightmares and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable thoughts about the event.” Not all involved with a traumatic event are affected long term by PTSDs, but those who are could be challenged for months to years, with the condition interfering with the

According to the Mayo Clinic’s description of the disorder, changes in emotional reactions, such as irritability, angry outbursts, or aggressive behavior is noted, with overwhelming feelings of guilt or shame, trouble concentrating, and being easily frightened. It’s no surprise the Mayo Clinic’s definition of the disorder ends with information for a national suicide hotline.

ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE dopemagazine.com

Lost-n-Found One year ago, then 18 year-old Daniel Ashley Pierce was beaten, denounced, and thrown out of his home by his Christian parents and grandparents in his hometown of Atlanta, Georgia. During the intervention gone wrong, Pierce was able to film some of the altercation. It went viral of course, causing an outpouring of support and nearly $100,000 to be donated to a GoFundMe campaign, helping him to start over.

Immediate support came from an Aunt, who opened her home to him. But he said he would not have known how to begin without the help of Atlanta non-profit organization Lost-nFound, created in 2011 with a mission to assist Atlanta’s documented 750 homeless youth.

Lost-n-Found’s website informs that 53% of the youth they have helped had nowhere to turn after being kicked out of their home stating, “There are only about 48 hours from the time a kid becomes homeless before 33% of youth begin to engage in risky behaviors such as theft, drug activity or selling their bodies for money to survive.”

Pierce is one of the lucky ones. According to a story posted on Lost-n-Found’s website, one year later he is doing well, happy in a relationship, working as a paralegal, and planning a trip to relocate to the West Coast with his supportive partner.

Gender-bending in Utah Twenty-three year old Utah transplant, now California patient, Marval A. Rechsteiner is currently going through a medical transition from a biological male to female. A graduate of Humboldt State University (HSU), Rechsteiner found his medicine in Northern California, and will continue to medicate through myriad compilations from hormone therapy and subsequent surgeries pending.

Though Gays, Lesbians, and Bi-Sexually identifying people are somewhat more accepted now, transgender people, often referred to as “gender-benders,” such as Rechsteiner, have been traditionally unable to fit it. This is due largely to being perceived by many people as confused for dressing or acting as the opposite sex in order to feel alright in their own skin.

“Growing up in Salt Lake City in the 90s, by my very biology as a gender-bending person, I was an outsider and rebel from a young age,” he shares. “I had crushes on the young girls my age and felt that the boys were often competitive and mean to each other. The strict gender norms of either male or female confused me greatly and caused me stress from a very early

age. I began to disassociate with my body around the onset of adolescence, and high school became a time of secrets; secrets around the core of my identity and gender. Basically, as a teenager, I felt my body had betrayed me.”

Stress, anxiety, panic attacks, agoraphobia, and eating disorders – all this and more are symptoms most LBGT youth deal with on a daily basis.

“I have trigger points in relation to my gender identity,” Rechsteiner shares. “I’ll have a panic attack because of fear and internalized self-hatred that looks very much like a PTSD episode. Other gender-nonconforming people have told me of similar attacks where it feels like the world is about to collapse in on them. Look at it this way, if your very identity is constantly made invisible or stereotyped negatively, you disassociate from integral parts of who you are – and what that means is years and years of unpacking the hatred inside yourself to find yourself again, and find love.”

Rechsteiner said Queer people often use cannabis in a negative way, just like

any other substance used to bypass emotional hurting. But he also acknowledges how it has helped him deal with all sorts of issues surrounding his identity.

“In the past when the panic attacks began I was prescribed Xanax to calm me down,” he explains. “Now, I use cannabis in specific ways. During my transition with hormone replacement therapy I was smoking, as it lifts your mood fairly quickly. Tincture is by far my best option in terms of calming my fear down. I don’t get blazed out of my mind on it, and it helps me to get into my body and feel good inside it – which is deeply healing for someone like me, who has disassociated [with my body] for such a long time.”

With a BFA in Sculptural Ceramics from HSU, Rechsteiner said his future includes using the arts for activism, saying “I’m about to head to a trans conference known as ‘Gender Odyssey’ in Seattle. I’ll be helping its guest artist set up a show to talk about trans and racial intersections of identity. It’s an exciting opportunity - and I get to meet some famous names in the transgender community!”

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Tests, Trials & Lab Rats Both the FDA, and the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services have given a green light to Suzanne Sisley, researcher at the University of Arizona, to conduct research on cannabis use for PTSDs. The 10-week study, which would examine fifty veterans, is yet to be approved by the DEA. With more than 7.7 million Americans suffering from PTSDs nationwide, Sisley is hopeful for approval.

“Although there is a mountain of anecdotal evidence that cannabis helps with PTSDs, there has been no controlled trial to test how cannabis suppresses the symptoms, including flashbacks, insomnia and anxiety,” Sisley told USA Today (March, 2014).

In an article found in the Huff Post’s “Science” blog, Carolyn Gregoire reports findings from a study published in the journal Neuropschopharmacology on the

58 |

dosing of synthetic cannabinoids to rats after a traumatic event and the prevention of behavioral and physiological symptoms of PTSD by “triggering changes in brain centers associated with the formation and holding of traumatic memories.”

In other words, the study found that when synthetic cannabis (with a THC component) is administered after a traumatic experience (in this case electro shock to the poor rat’s feet), the incidence of future PTSD episodes from the event were minimized.

To realize these findings, researchers gave synthetic cannabis to the rats post electrical impulse, and then prepared a false shock.

Those rats treated with cannabis beforehand did not exhibit symptoms common to PTSD, such as “impaired extinction learning, increased startle response, changes in pain sensitivity and impaired plasticity in the brain’s reward center.”

ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE dopemagazine.com

The rats not treated with the compound, however, displayed all symptoms.

It’s interesting to note, the rats not treated with cannabis were given the SSRI antidepressant sertraline, otherwise known as Zoloft, with “mixed results.”

Also surprising to some, cannabis can help the disorder from occurring, and even better to know - another study published in Science Daily (May 2014) shows a 75% reduction in PTSDs while using cannabis when the disorder is already diagnosed.

With the national acceptance of same sex marriage, the door was opened for further education and subsequent acceptance of the LGBTQ community and its struggles.

Add enlightened cannabis users, and help may just be on its way to begin the emotional healing following decades of misunderstanding on both subjects.

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Buds & Blossoms Beneficial Arrangements to Love

LORIST BEC Koop, owner of Cannabis Concierge

Events and Buds & Blossoms in Denver has been playing with flowers since she was eight years old, helping alongside her mother in her mom’s best friend’s flower shop outside in her chilhood home town of Washington DC.

“I started my own flower business in 2011 while working part time for a dispensary in Alma, Colorado,” she explained. “I had some extra flowers from an event and was cutting down a plant out of my own garden when I had my ‘A-Ha’ moment. I put the two together and have been in love with the fusion ever since!”

Koop said she initially used fresh bud in the arrangements, but then began adding dried bud on long stems, allowing the bud to be enjoyed after the celebration.

“My motto is, ‘Straight from your bouquet to your bowl!” she laughed.

“I also help my clients ‘bring the cannabis theme to any scene.’”

This can be done in a variety of ways with a little imagination.

Nearly everything necessary for an event can be done using hemp or cannabis, and Koop says she procures hemp wedding dresses, invitations and other paper goods, infused appetizers, entrees, and the wedding cake of course. Custom hand blown glass pieces via jewelry or pipes can also be created for special guests, bridal parties, and party favors.

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Koop’s services keep expanding as she and client’s imaginations run wild.

“The possibilities are endless,” she adds. “I’ve coordinated dispensary holiday parties, corporate events and conferences; Valentine’s Day celebrations, birthdays, and anniversaries.”

As with any cannabis business, legalities in procuring and distributing the plant material are a consideration. Koop said policy dictates her clients purchase their own plant material at their own dispensaries, and then deliver all to her for arranging.

Photographers Andrea Burolla and Denise Chambers are co-owners of “Lollylah Wedding Photography” of Denver, and team up with Koop, covering weddings and other events involving cannabis. Neither one partakes medicinally nor recreationally, but they both appreciate what’s happening with cannabis in their home state, and their association with Koop has educated them both regarding the good medicine.

“Denise and I have backgrounds in travel photography,” Burolla explained. “One day we were discussing what drives people here – aside from the mountains. We started talking about cannabis, and how every time we leave the state it’s the first thing anyone outside Colorado brings up. We found ourselves fascinated by all the different types of people coming out of the cannabis closet – HR reps, teachers, working professionals – people who definitely didn’t fit the pot smoking mold.”

WRITER SHARON LETTS

The two decided to put together “styled” photo shoots to blow away the perceptions of the “typical stoner.”

“After some deliberation we decided to make the shoot more relevant to what we are currently doing,” Burolla continues. “We started pulling together vendors to create a cannabis themed wedding photo shoot that was sophisticated, classic and refined – sure to blow stereotypes out of the water.”

PHOTOS LOLLYLAH WEDDING PHOTOGRAPHY,

ANDREA BUROLLA

DENISE CHAMBERS

“The amount of research going into this amazing plant is really just starting to get recognized and respected,” she surmised. “With that in mind, I see this movement continuing to grow exponentially.

It will be exciting to see our world being helped in so many ways, with food, medicine, fiber, or fuel. I can see my own little businesses expanding, and I’d be willing to consider franchising with anyone interested in this type of company in other states.”

Burolla says the lovely photo shoot gracing the pages of this story took two months to plan, with many vendors involved. Buds were used for a “Budonniere” on the groom’s lapel, the bride’s bouquet, hair pieces, and table top bouquets. Her dress was custom made from hemp, and hemp and cannabis-infused delicacies lined tables with other items offered as well like fancy vape pens, hemp jewelry, and hemp wedding invitations.

A patient in her own right, Koop is also a recreational user – with no apologies.

“I started using cannabis in college for endometriosis and pain relief from sports injuries,” she says, “but I will never deny I enjoy the high, as well.”

According to the National Institute of Health’s website (NIH, www. nih.gov), approximately 75% of women with pelvic pain and as many as 50% of women with fertility problems are diagnosed with endometriosis - a disorder where tissue that normally grows outside the uterus, grows inside, causing extreme pain. Once the lesions heal, nerve pain from scar tissue can be equally painful. The condition includes painfully debilitating menstrual cramps that increase with time, pain during or after sex, pain in the lower abdomen or intestine, painful bowl movements, or painful urination during menstrual periods, with bladder or other chronic gastrointestinal issues.

Smoking is Koop’s mainstay for warding off symptoms, but she also ingests medibles, and recently discovered juicing leaf. Working for medible makers, and in-house at a dispensary, has given her a wealth of education on cannabis, and she says it has enabled her to help others.

She elaborates, “My professional start in the industry began in 2013, prior to everything going recreational here in Colorado. Working in a dispensary helped me to see just how much cannabis works for patients. I was brought to tears many times watching patients in extreme neuropathy pain and discomfort, barely able to pull money out of their wallets to purchase their meds being instantly helped by this plant.”

The future of Koop’s blooming business is looking bright green and with so many other states lined up for legalization, she knows the possibilities will only continue to grow.

“We started pulling together vendors to create a cannabis themed wedding photo shoot that was sophisticated, classic and refined – sure to blow stereotypes out of the water.” dopemagazine.com ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE

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PRODUCT

Cannabis Kitchen Cookbook

WRITER R.Z HUGHES

Feel-Good Food For Home Cooks

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Photo graph s P hoto g r a p hs by

P ov y K e n da l Atc h i so n

Fore word by Jane West Foreword by Ja n e West

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PHOTOS ASHLEE BURKE

The Cannabis Kitchen Cookbook: Tips for Buying and Dosing Choose a store that’s right for you. With options that range, from Mom & Pop shops to mega-superstores and everything in between, find a place you feel comfortable with.

Follow your nose. Everyone has different tastes and preferences, the best way to find a strain that works for you is to find one with an enticing aroma.

Ask a lot of questions. Is it organic? Has it been tested for mold or pesticides? How long was it cured for? Asking for a personal favorite from a budtender is never a bad idea.

Start low and go slow. No one has ever had a bad experience from taking too little cannabis on their first time and it can take a long time to kick in.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR Robyn Lawrence Griggs has been teaching America about the beauty of simple living since 1999. As editor-in-chief of Natural Home Magazine, she visited people around the country, learning about innovative and sustainable practices for gardening, building, decorating, and cooking. With previous works published on the beauty of imperfection in home décor, The Cannabis Kitchen Cookbook seeks to bring healthful, responsibly prepared meals to tables everywhere.

$19 available at retailers including Barnes & Noble and Amazon or www.cannabiskitchencookbook.com

UTHOR AND advocate for sustainable, natural living Robyn Griggs Lawrence, has graced the culinary world with the Cannabis Kitchen Cookbook; a tome of mouthwatering recipes that incorporate cannabis in exciting new ways. Rather than infusing sugar-laden brownies or unhealthy candy bars, this book views cannabis as a superfood and treats it accordingly, serving it alongside wild-caught salmon and seared Wagyu beef. Gluten-free, vegan, AND raw? There’s something for you too, including fresh juices, guacamole, and plenty of goji berries.

gredients, and how to properly enjoy the recipe with company.

The book features well over one hundred recipes, provided by fourteen renowned chefs, nutritionists, bakers, and barkeeps. The result is nothing short of extraordinary. Photographs of an extensive medley of gourmet fare jump off of the page, inducing stomach growling simply by thumbing through. Each recipe has its own story and The Cannabis Kitchen Cookbook not only explains the dish’s conception, it also educates about the importance of nutritious in-

There are gourmands among us who may, indeed, know what furikake is, that pemmican is the early Native American hybrid of jerky and trail mix, or how to properly make a kheer from scratch. For the average home cook, however, this book is a culinary journey across cultural divides. This is a chance to experience cuisine from across the world, honed over the centuries and tweaked by modern masters of the kitchen who have added our favorite organic herb.

When pondering over her favorite dish to indulge in, Lawrence laughs, unable to pick just one out of the immense library. She eventually lands on the trail mix because “It’s so easy to make and take on-the-go,” however, as far as entrees go, “the fan leaf pesto is great for its use of the nutritious leaves normally treated as waste.”

All of the plates are crafted with respect for food as medicine, and cannabis as a miraculous bounty from the natural world.

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CANNA-NEWS HEALTH

Loranne Brianne AKA “Roar”

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WRITER BRANDON KRENZLER @CANNADAD

cancers are found later the chances of her being able to fight with pharmaceutical drugs alone is slim to none, such an unfair life for a seven year old little girl.

ORANNE --- also known as “Roar” by

those who care for her, is a 3 time cancer survivor before even beginning schooling, and continues the fight to this day.

Recently Roar was again diagnosed with Acute Myleoid Leukemia after relapsing last June, after she had already endured a six month round of chemotherapy and toxic drug cocktails. Roar faces yearly EKG’s and ECHO’s to monitor her heart activity, she is also at risk of failing liver function due to the high doses of chemo. Along with chemotherapy regimens, Roar has had two bone marrow transplants as well as 5 days of total body radiation. Some of the long term side effects that she faces are: neuropathy and osteoporosis from chemo and steroids; stunted growth, and a high probability of cancer relapse later in life.

Loranne has reached her lifetime limit of cytotoxic chemo. This means that if any

Recently her mother Kaleena was informed by oncologists that Roar’s chances of long term survival are only 30%. The family has the option of a third bone marrow transplant, or they can take her home to live out her days as a hospice patient. Instead of giving up and turning away from hope, Kaleena turned to cannabis oil in July of 2013 to help mitigate the harsh side effects of the chemo and radiation. Kaleena admitted to us that the differences between this treatment experience, compared with prior experiences, are contrasting and eye opening.

She’s an active child, but all of the treatment has taken its toll. Describing life before the impacts of cannabis oil therapy, Kaleena describes long massages and the use of Tylenol and oxycodone, but still these things are ineffective. Since the cannabis oil has been used, the family is able to avoid the multiple doses of Tylenol and the narcotics, instead finding relief in cannabis infused lotion, as well as ingestion.

With AML, hospital stays are common, and while fighting this monster the first time, the family stayed a total of 144 days out of 180.

The second time around, the total stay was 72 days. The doctors were anticipating her counts being sluggish to recover as this was her third time with treatment, but the first round of chemo only left Roar an inpatient

PHOTOS CHRIS RYAN

for 21 days, including a two day stay in the PICU. Oncologists were impressed with the fact that her bone marrow aspiration showed an absence of leukemia cells in the marrow after just one round of chemo. With cannabis oil use, Roar recovered from her treatments faster, and with better blood test results.

Loranne recently started kindergarten, her mother boasts that Roar maintains well and is even excelling in school, despite the misconceptions circling cannabis. So far she has succumbed to only two minor colds through the year.

Roar is required to take a wide range of pharmaceutical drugs ranging from antibiotics such as Septra, Acyclovir, Gancyclovir, and Cyclosporine; anti-nausea medications such as Zofran; steroids like prednisone as well as occasional narcotic pain relievers. She has had to consume eleven different cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, and continues to take the required dosing to this day. All these drugs haven’t had the ability to increase her quality of life, instead leaving her to experience pain and suffering for seven long years. One disparaged plant, cannabis, has resurrected a quality of life worth living for this innocent child.

Roar’s mother is amazed at how well she is doing, and she plans on continuing cannabis treatments for her, just as a loving mother would.

“Loranne recently started kindergarten, her mother boasts that Roar is even excelling in school despite misconceptions circling cannabis.”

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Expansion Pros: Ensuring Growers Get The Green Light.

Environment, Electrical And Security

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EXPANSION PROS: ENSURING GROWERS GET THE GREEN LIGHTENVIRONMENT, ELECTRICAL AND SECURITY

WRITER BRANDON KRENZLER @CANNADAD

GRAPHICS 8THDAYCREATE .COM

Growing Cannabis got the green light in Oregon officially on July 1st 2015. Each household in Oregon may now grow 4 plants, medical cannabis growers are still allowed more. Those who have been thriving under the existing Oregon Medical Marijuana program are expanding and preparing for the soon to be realized recreational market. When expansion takes place, upgrades in equipment become necessary. These upgrades involve electricity, climate control and security. We reviewed a chosen select few Pacific Northwest companies that are setting the tone for service and accommodation to the cannabis Industry. A start up gardener or entrepreneur who chooses to utilize the services of these three companies might just ensure themselves a healthy start to a promising and prosperous future in this new realm.

ANDERSON ELECTRIC: ELECTRICAL EXPERTS

CANNAGUARD: BEYOND COMPLIANCE

Every indoor garden requires a light source. Each garden has different lighting requirements and growers use various types of lighting currently available, like high pressure sodium, LED and magnetic induction lighting. Each lighting type has different rates of power consumption and some require modification of preexisting electrical equipment.

Serving Oregon and Washington, Andersen Electric openly advertise having contractors available to service hobby, medical, recreational and commercial indoor operations. A few notable services provided are power distribution problem solving, powering automated watering systems and creating generator backup safety systems. Andersen Electric has made themselves available as consultants, design engineers, general contractors and decommissioning experts.

Along with data centers and healthcare facilities, indoor gardens are considered “critical power customers,” this means that these projects need reliable, unremitting power. Andersen Electric is experienced in designing continuous power supplies, and back up support systems should the main systems ever fail. This can prevent thousands of dollars in crop damage and losses in the event of a long-term power outage. If their back up systems fail, they provide 2.7 emergency services to all of their clients, ensuring a quick resolution to any electrical problem their clients might face.

www.andersenelectric.com

CLIMAGROW: ARTIFICIAL ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGIES Based in beautiful Bellingham Washington, Climagrow is leading by example, providing services ranging from climate control to co2 disbursement and energy solutions. They are able to guide environment development from brainstorm session to system completion. A grower may be able to adapt to new environments, but plants require exact conditions to give the maximum yield at the highest quality attainable. This is when it is time to call in environmental specialists.

ClimaGrow has a team of “system configurators” that are available across the Pacific Northwest.

This company has made itself available to large commercial operations and equally available to the home indoor gardener. They have made themselves accessible to growers discreetly and professionally for the last ten years. Their website openly posts pictures of beautiful flowering cannabis plants, which helps make them more approachable to growers who are seeking climate control design assistance.

Every single cannabis grower has a very large concern that is always in the back of their mind: Security. It is because of federal prohibition that the value of cannabis is so high, it is also responsible for the danger element associated with growing this beautiful plant. Every season plants in all stages of growth are stolen from outdoor gardens and indoor warehouses, brazen burglars have also been known to break into or rob dispensaries. Taking steps to have a high level of security in place is the best preventative measure available.

Oregon based operation Cannaguard is a highly qualified security company that specializes in engineering custom security systems for the Cannabis industry.

Knowing that a high level of security is needed, and that each customer is unique Cannaguard has focused of efficiency and compliancy. Beginning with a friendly consultation then on to design and outfitting, a Cannaguard security specialist will identify and eliminate all potential security concerns at your indoor or outdoor garden facility, retail space or home garden. The company says that 64% of all systems reviewed were noncompliant or even not secure. They also boast a 100% success rate in security and compliancy, gaining first time state inspector approvals every-time.

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ANY IN the cannabis industry are familiar with Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), Cannabidiol (CBD), Cannabidioloc acid (CBDA), but what do we know about Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) and Cannabidivarin (CBDV)? While THCV and CBDV are cannabinoids that are gaining more notoriety, many still ask “What is THCV and CBDV and what are they good for?”

after consuming cannabis. Much different than THC, research is indicating that THCV may have the opposite effect. Instead of stimulating appetite, it may have the effect of suppressing it.

THCV could be seen as THC’s cousin as their chemical structures are similar. However, what differentiates them are the processes in which they were formed. THCV is a homologue of THC. A homologue is a series of compounds that have a similar general formula, but typically vary by a single unit. This means that THCV is not only created from a different process than THC, but it also produces different effects, as it is composed of different molecular elements than THC. For example, THCV has a pentyl (5-carbon) group instead of a propyl (3-carbon) side chain, as does THC. As many are aware, CBG is the precursor, or the “parent” cannabinoid, for THC and other cannabinoids. This is not the case for THCV. THCV comes from Cannabigerovarin acid (CBGVA).

Tetrahydrocannabivarin carboxylic acid (THCVA) results from the breaking down of CBGVA. This breakdown occurs from the enzyme THCV synthase. Once THCVA has been created, then THCV will ensue once the acid form of THCV, THCVA, has been decarboxylated.

CBDV, similar to THCV is a homolog of CBD. Again, this means that it could be considered the cousin of CBD. Similar to CBD, CBDV is non-psychoactive. Research is showing that CBDV may have anti-nausea potential. Some research has stated that CBDVA may assist in inhibiting CYP1A1, which is an enzyme that, in high dosages, has been linked to cancer. There is also research that shows that CBDVA may suppress seizures and other conditions that involve seizures, as well as increasing the rate of survival across rats that have epilepsy.

THC and THCVA have similarities in their chemical structure, however, they have been found to have dissimilar effects on human physiology. While they both affect the same receptors in the human system, the CB1 and CB2 receptors, THC is a partial agonist of the CB1 and CB2 receptors and essentially activates them. THCV on the other hand, is an antagonist of the CB1 and CB2 receptors.

This means that it may block some of the effects of THC in the endocannabinoid system. For example, many claim that THC may have the effects of inducing appetite; therefore, those undergoing chemotherapy or affected by HIV may consume it to assist with appetite stimulation. Many of us have experience “the munchies”

Not only is research currently being performed to assess THCV’s potential impact on suppressing one’s appetite, but it is also showing that THCV combined with CBD may assist in reducing cholesterol in the bloodstream and may boost the body’s ability to burn fat. How exciting is that!

CBDV is more likely found in strains that are low in THC. Some sources claim that cannabis strains traditionally high in CBD are more likely to have CBDV such as Island Sweet Skunk, Critical Mass, Shark Shock, Harlequin or Mandarin Kush or hemp strains that are traditionally low in THC. THCV and CBDV are the cousins to THC and CBD respectively, and what great cousins they are. The synergy between the two will only continue to awe. Research showing the varying effects of specific cannabinoids and the synergy between them will only inspire isolation of certain cannabinoids in the future breeding and growing of cannabis. New research showing the interplay of how cannabinoids affect human physiology will only continue to amaze and inspire. THCV and CBDV are on my list of new cannabinoids to start paying attention to when assessing the right cannabinoid profile for me. I know I want to try some strains high in THCV. I would love to know that I could enjoy my favorite strain and know that I might not have to worry about the munchies. What about you?

“Not only is research currently being performed to assess THCV’s potential impact on suppressing one’s appetite, but it is also showing that THCV combined with CBD may assist in reducing cholesterol in the bloodstream and may boost the body’s ability to burn fat.”

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WRITER RYAN JOHNSTONE

PHOTOS CHRIS RYAN

MARK COFFIN

Fore Twenty Golf Trophy OLIATH GLASS, featured in the June issue with his dual and quad recyclers was chosen to create the functional glass trophy for the winner of the First Annual Fore Twenty Golf Tournament, July 20th, 2015 in a 140 person field at Stone Creek Golf Course.

North Star glass colors are used to construct the piece, standing 9 inches tall with a 4 inch base.

Dabs of 94% THC Grand Daddy Purple from Sirius Extracts dropped onto the HIVE Ceramic Nail and immediately build up a thick, white cloud in the 50mm clear reservoir. Using the star white golf tee to cap the nail and finish the hit with a large, smooth, medium temp delivery. An intricate design with such a classic experience, expected from top quality local glass.

Goliath Glass signature horns are integrated into the flattened grass scene as the artist expands upon his symmetrical nature by including every detail needed to reflect a golf trophy that all participants in the tournament desired. A stunning trophy for the winning team.

Jonah Barber and Noah Yano from the team at MRX Labs won the functional oil rig trophy with an 18 hole low score of 59!

A big thanks goes out to Mary Jane’s House of Glass for sourcing such an amazing artist for this outstanding trophy, any tournament winner would be proud to display.

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WRITER K.C. SWAIN

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“Classy Stash - Marijuana Stash Jars”

HINKER AND maker Geoffrey and his wife Valerie

started Walnut Leather Goods because Geoffrey saw a need for functional and durable bike accessories. His passion for biking inspired much of the story, and he understands the importance of creating a better relationship between the rider and their bike. Using wood and leather helps enhance this relationship. The look, feel and smell of the natural wood and leather speak for themselves.

Handmade means paying attention to every tiny detail through the entire process of creating something. He has always believed this process to be an intimate conversation between the hand and eye.

Their goods are celebrated for their originality. Creating these things by hand means that every item will be slightly different and this gives every creation a bit of character.

AVAILABLE AT: • www.walnutstudiolo.com Creators/Owners: Geoffrey and Valerie

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With the legalization of marijuana happening in Oregon, they decided it was time to develop a collection of artisan smoking accessories to salute the movement. They are proud supporters and knew they had something to add. The driving force behind this line of products is to reshape the negative stigma around cannabis by improving the ways in which people store and transport their cannabis.

Like a liquor cabinet or fancy cigar box, The Classy Stash was developed with the connoisseur in mind. The hand stitched leather case is equipped with a classic metal claw closure and three beautiful ½-cup size amber glass stash jars. Each one can hold a quarter of your favorite bud, so having multiple strains housed in a single secure and functional organizer allows users to dial up their cannabis experience in style!

“Like a liquor cabinet or fancy cigar box, The Classy Stash was developed with the connoisseur in mind.”

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Oregon Dept of Agriculture Declares Pesticides Banned

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WRITER LINDSEY RINEHART

ARLIER THIS month the Oregon

Department of Agriculture (ODA) sent a letter to all registered Oregon growers, advising them of a new rule that immediately bans the use of most pesticides on cannabis crops grown in the State of Oregon. The statement cites health and safety concerns as the primary focus of the pesticide ban.

Effects to humans consuming cannabis contaminated with pesticides have not been evaluated so the potential harms are varied but largely unknown. The safety of workers in cannabis gardens is a primary concern they cite, as inhaling these chemicals directly can be very detrimental to the health.

These concerns are especially valid for patients who may have compromised respiratory function - such as cancer, asthma or even multiple sclerosis - as a result of their illness. Recreational users are also looking to cannabis as a safer alternative to alcohol.

A pesticide is defined in the letter as “a substance used to prevent, destroy or repel an organism, including herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.”

There are very few exemptions to the rule, although some pesticides will have the potential for industry use if they are approved.

“Pesticide products that may be legal to use [on cannabis] must be registered with the ODA, contain active ingredients that are exempt from intolerance, and (the) labeled use is broad enough that may include use on marijuana (i.e. bedding plants or greenhouse application). ODA regulates the sale, use, and distribution of pesticides in Oregon. The authority is codified in Oregon Law (ORS 634) and through delegated authority from the U.S Environmental Protection Agency, which regulates pesticides under Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.” The advisory also states that failure to follow this rule breaks both state and federal law, and that it may result in enforcement actions.

The letter comes on the heels of a controversial piece published by The Oregonian where they looked at the lab results for several storebought concentrates on dispensary shelves.

The results were startling—many products that were marketed as organic, or were completely thought to be pesticide free, had some concentrated levels of pesticides present.

The cannabis flowers that had passed compliance lab testing (pesticides were allowed under certain levels) had been processed into concentrated cannabis. The problem is that the residual pesticides had also been concentrated and were now testing at much higher

GRAPHICS 8THDAYCREATE .COM

levels than many had anticipated. This left extraction companies scrambling to come up with material to process into concentrates that had not been treated with pesticides.

The ODA does sound like they are working hard to help growers have a better understanding of how and when it’s appropriate to treat the plants with certain chemicals. The ODA says it is “in the process of developing educational information to guide growers and identify pesticide products appropriate for use on marijuana. In addition, ODA is preparing guidance for growers on how to interpret pesticide product label information and how to use these products safely and legally.”

The reaction from patients and recreational users alike has largely been positive because they see it as a move to make the market safer for consumers. For growers accustomed to using pesticides however, the new notice is a significant blow to how they may handle situations that involve spider mites, caterpillars, powdery mildew and more.

There are already existing alternatives to many pesticides though, including herbal and natural pesticides that are OMRI listed and safe for human consumption, so researching through growing articles, books, and seminars is a great way to start to learn to grow more naturally.

“The reaction from patients and recreational users alike has largely been positive because they see it as a move to make the market safer for consumers.“

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COLLECTIVE AWAKENINGS 2823 NE Sandy Blvd.

Portland OR 97232 503-206-7090 LITTLE AMSTERDAM WELLNESS CENTER WEST 5320 SE Macadam Ave Portland Or 97239 503-477-7401 LITTLE AMSTERDAM WELLNESS CENTER 18819 SE McLoughlin Blvd Milwaukie, OR 97267 503-303-7489

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NORTHERN LIGHTS AND GARDENS 9290 SW BeavertonHillsdale Hwy., Portland, OR, 97005 503-297-7331

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CANNABLISS 22ND & BURN 2231 W Burside St Portland OR 97210 971-279-5570 CANNABLISS THE FIRE STATION 23 1917 Se 7Th Ave Portland Or 97214 503-719-4338

FRESHBUDS 110 Se Main St #C Portland Or 503-477-4261 PAKALOLO 1528 SE Holgate Blvd Portland, OR 97202 (503) 369-8955 PORTLAND EXTRACTS 2123 SE Division St, Portland, OR 97202 (503) 719-4861

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GROWING RELEAF 4160 SW 109th Ave Beaverton OR 97005 971-319-2939

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PACFIC GREEN 710 Ne Killingsworth St 971-242-8535

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MIND RITE 1780 NW Marshall St Portland, Or 97209 503-477-4430

THE GREEN PLANET 10022 SW Canyon Rd. Portland OR 97225 503-292-1240

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LA MOTA 4999 NE 99th Ave, Portland, OR 97220 503-254-9333

HUMAN COLLECTIVE 9220 Sw Barbur Blvd #107 Portland Or 97219 503-208-3042

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CASCADIA LABS 7405 SW Tech Center DR. (855) 800-6890

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THE HERBAL CONNECTION 463 River Ave, Eugene, OR 97404 458-201-8164

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VESSEL 1979 NW Vaughn St. Suite B,Portland, OR 97209 503-410-7396

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POLITICS MEDICAL STRAIN OF THE MONTH

Saving America With Cannabis

“Jack believed America needed to shift its consciousness and think differently, and that cannabis was a short cut to cultural acceptance and enlightenment.”

• Jack Herer Photo by Allan Erickson

ACK HERER, author of the Emperor Wears No Clothes, inspired the cannabis movement starting back in the 1970’s, which, after all these years and through much hard work, created a new billion-dollar industry for America. “Hemp Can Save the Planet” was his battle cry, and Jack promoted the use of cannabis for food, fuel, fiber, and medicine. But, he also believed that America needed to shift its consciousness and think differently, and that cannabis was a short cut to cultural acceptance and enlightenment.

Herer travelled with the Hemp Tours, which hit the road at the height of the War on Drugs campaign, hosting over 1500 advocacy events between 1989 and 1996. Constitutional protections were at an all time low, and police were profiling people across the nation, looking for cannabis. At the time, police could stop and search people for merely for having a Grateful Dead sticker on their car, or for simply ‘looking like’ they used cannabis. During this time, our nations prison became bloated with people there for nothing more than simple possession of drugs.

As Barry “Plunker” Adams, co-founder of the Rainbow Family, and expert on the constitutional right to gather says, “Cannabis users share a common creed. Basically, it’s simple, we tolerate each other, and we like to share cannabis. Then, we begin to share other things, like coffee and a meal. ”

Many of the leaders of the industry got their start with Herer during this time, including people like Steve DeAngelo and Ed Rosenthal, whose membership in the Youth International Party (the infamous Yippies of the 1960’s and 70’s) inspired the cannabis movement to stay fun, fresh, and radical. If you look closely, you’ll find many people through out the cannabis industry who got their start at Hemp Tour events and in the

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other major advocacy groups. In short, all of these people started in activism to promote a mission, which was, and still is, to make America a better place by ending cannabis prohibition.

WRITER DEBBY GOLDSBERRY

PHOTOS VARIOUS CREDITS

Unfortunately, all of the original cannabis dispensaries have closed, including Dennis Peron’s original dispensary in San Francisco, and their former leadership is largely silenced, worn down by police action after police action. Jack Herer passed away in 2010. Now, with the cannabis industry expanding at lighting speed, many of its new entrepreneurs missed cannabis prohibition all together. Being harassed by the police, arrested for cannabis, and spending time in jail, like how many of the industries pioneers did, created a powerful force for more activism and change. In other words, rather than being crushed by prohibition, our advocates became stronger through struggle.

Enter the neuve cannabis entrepreneurs. They see what happened before is laced with stigma, and they want no part of it. Going to jail for cannabis or battling the War on Drugs in the streets for our freedoms is at many times not in their wheelhouse. Instead, their battle cry can often be, “We are here to clean that all up,” somehow without realizing that they are [not only] talking about the existing cannabis industry, but also their [current] clients.

This situation would be more worrisome, but cannabis users are perceptive and can spot a fake, because their creed is real.

To people with friends in prison, who are still harassed on the streets, and who know people denied cannabis medicines by prohibition, it’s important to build an industry that stays mission and values based, like we have always been. Done right, cannabis legalization will have a long lasting positive effect on America.

• Jack Herer Photo by Eve Lentz

Cannabis, when consumed, gives people the opportunity to interrupt their normal thought processes. People actually start thinking differently, relating facts and ideas together in ways they had not imagined before.

This is, in fact, the crux of creativity. But, for the brain to manage these internal thought-based processes, it takes a little more time. Cannabis users like to ponder ideas, often literally hashing things out in their mind. Using cannabis for business may actually give companies a competitive edge, because in entrepreneurial industries, innovation is key.

At the International Cannabis Business Conference (ICBC) in Portland last fall, conservative pundit Andrew Sullivan spoke about how the mission and the vision of or first cannabis industry is changing America as a whole. This must stay the goal, while we also build great businesses. As Alex Rogers, ICBC founder says, “Make money and be successful, and no one else has to lose.”

•Alex Rogers and Andrew Sullivan

So, as the cannabis industry builds, let us stay focused on keeping the 44% of Americans who have used cannabis out of harms way from prohibition. People should unite around developing sound businesses, but also around culture, politics, and advocacy…and most important, be kind.

dopemagazine.com ISSUE 17 THE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE

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Operation Genetics

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The Foundation of Any Grow RACKING OPEN a fresh jar, intense terpenes tingle the inner most senses of our brains and bring deep pleasure and peace only obtained through some deliciously dank herb. What does it take to achieve this quality of potency on a consistent basis? A grower that is willing to constantly learn and adapt, and perhaps most importantly, find and possess the most excellent genetics.

When we think of cannabis genetics, ‘strain’ is the first word to come to mind. While scientifically we’re actually referring to phenotypes, strain is the word we have come to use when defining different cannabis profiles. A grower’s selection of strains is key to consistent success, because every strain has genetic codes limiting or allowing it to thrive in a cornucopia of different ways. Consider a Great Dane and a Chihuahua as different strains of dogs. Each dog, just as each phenotype, has different dietary and environmental needs, as well as growth and behavior expectations.

It’s not uncommon to see excellent growers tote around mediocre product they’re stuck with just because they were given a bum strain. The hardest thing about selecting good genetics from clones is it’s hard to tell what’s really there until the plants are grown out (unless growing the mother of course). So how does one determine what to keep and what to get rid of? Before a grower gets to play God in the grow room, it must be decided what characteristics are preferred. Quite obviously, everyone is looking to have the best of all worlds; rapid vegetative growth, quick onset of flower, heavy yields, dense cola structures and, of course, lots of resin production. Couple that with a complete resistance to insects, fungal infections and mold and you may just have the ideal woman!

In reality, most strains only produce a handful of the preferred qualities, alongside a handful of imperfections. The most famous obviously being those with the right blend of positive characteristics. Selecting plants for

a specific type of region and grow style is key to taking advantage of the different traits presenting in each phenotype. Living in Colorado with extremely low humidity, preferred strains commonly feature massively dense cola structures resistant to powdery mildew. Also, since they have to stand up to the sun, anything extra resinous does exceptionally well.

In Washington, humidity is a constant battle, and it’s a plant’s resilience to grey mold (botrytis) that determines if it makes the cut here. Thus, strains with a higher number of branches are also preferred in high humidity, to obtain a more even flower distribution throughout the plant.

When growing inside, the decisions regarding methods of growing and strain selection can be made with less concern over climate. The biggest goal inside is obtaining a quality yield. The key word here being ‘quality.’ Big Bud is a perfect strain for this example. I’ve achieved over 2.3 lbs per 1000w lamp with Big Bud indoors, but on average it only tested around 12% THC. On the other hand, my Colorado favorite, Golden Goat, could mimic the yield with an average of 25%+ THC. While they both had amazing growth their entire lives, just smelling and looking at the Golden Goat in late flower shows it has denser buds and a considerably more complex terpene profile. Just the density of the trichomes covering the buds can be a dead giveaway.

Knowing what to shoot for and what flavors or smells a grower prefers is all that is needed to select a dream garden. The good strains nearly grow themselves, and varieties that struggle are rarely worth it.

Regardless whether it’s a first grow or the hundredth one, we should be actively breeding and selecting the best genetics available. For far too long people have been unknowingly caught up in growing haphazard product. Not because they’re incapable, but because their genetic stock is too limited, or they believe they are carrying a strain that is thought to be much better than it really is. By bringing in new strains into our grow rooms, we can challenge ourselves to fully harness all that the cannabis plant has to offer.

“It’s not uncommon to see excellent growers tote around mediocre product they’re stuck with just because they were given a bum strain.”

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