Design Parramatta by Doppio Design

New ideas to shape the city

Copyright ©2012 Parramatta City Council This book in this form is copyright. Permission is granted to reproduce part of this publication for non-commercial purposes provided that the source is properly acknowledged. Published by Parramatta City Council 30 Darcy Street Parramatta NSW 2150 PO Box 32 Parramatta NSW 2124 Compiled and edited by Kati Westlake, Parramatta City Council Callantha Brigham, Government Architect’s Office Sub-editor Barbara Cameron-Smith, Parramatta City Council Graphic design - publication Marietta Buikema, Government Architect’s Office Graphic design - Design Parramatta branding and website Doppio Design NSW Dept of Finance and Services Cataloguing-in-Publication data Westlake, Kati Design Parramatta : new ideas to shape the city / compiled and edited by Kati Westlake and Callantha Brigham. ISBN: 978-0-7347-4463-0 1. Town planning - New South Wales - Parramatta. I. Title. II. Westlake, Kati. III. Brigham, Callantha. IV. Parramatta City Council. V. Government Architects Office. 711.4099441 ISBN 978-0-7347-4463-0 Photograph on cover: Aerial view of Parramatta CBD (Image from Parramata City Council)

The publication of this book was made possible by support of the Lord Mayor of Parramatta City Council, Councillor John Chedid and the Chief Executive Officer of Parramatta City Council, Dr Robert Lang, as well as Parramatta City Council’s Councillors.

New ideas to shape the city

Compiled and edited by Kati Westlake and Callantha Brigham

“The Creative City idea advocates the need for a culture of creativity to be embedded within how the urban stakeholders operate. It implies reassessing the regulations and incentives regime and moving towards a more ‘creative bureaucracy’. Good governance is itself an asset that can generate potential and wealth. By encouraging creativity and legitimizing the use of imagination within the public, private and community spheres, the ideas bank of possibilities and potential solutions to any urban problem or opportunity will be broadened.” Pg xxii - Charles Landry – The Creative City, London 2012

PETER POULET “Parramatta is on the cusp of an exciting and reinvigorated future. The City has bravely engaged with its community and many creative people to speculate creatively about its future. This has taken leadership, innovative thinking and trust in our architects, landscape architects, artists, poets and dreamers. The Design Parramatta initiative highlights the understanding by Parramatta City Council that our built environment can enhance our quality of life and generate economic prosperity. The Design Parramatta initiative has harnessed the creativity and innovation of many talented people and has highlighted the potential our urban environment has in building and celebrating our communities. With this critical understanding Parramatta City Council has played a pivotal and inspirational role. I commend Parramatta City Council for embarking on this initiative and in taking the ﬁrst steps toward a renewed and revitalised public realm.” New South Wales Government Architect

JANE IRWIN “Design Parramatta is an exciting urban design project that harnessed the ‘complementarity’ of landscape architecture, architecture and art to shape the future of Parramatta city centre. The project captures the City on the brink of major change, and takes a whole of city, rather than project by project approach, to urban design, to set up a coherent framework for urban renewal. Nineteen multi-disciplinary teams were engaged for 16 sites, with some teams working together at the edges of their sites to coordinate outcomes. It was a hothouse process of analysis and design, investigating place physically and culturally as a basis for high level concepts. Teams shared their exploratory work in a ﬁrst workshop, and the ideas for sites in a second workshop. All the projects were enriched by the workshops and design panel feedback. The Australian Institute of Landscape Architects congratulates Design Parramatta for initiating such a brave project. It engaged so many landscape practices in a collaborative, creative way; it generated energy and excitement about urban design, and will help to highlight the role of landscape architecture in the making of cities.” President, The Australian Institute of Landscape Architects NSW

MATTHEW PULLINGER “Our greatest cities are each very different, but have at least two things in common — strong leadership with the vision to imagine a better future, and a constituency that understands what that vision means and why it’s important. The rest of city making, although often complex and protracted, cannot exist without these two preconditions. But it is also the part of city making where design becomes the dominant factor. Design determines the quality of a place, its amenity, attractiveness, efficiency and cohesion. And it’s where great design makes a critically important difference. Design Parramatta demonstrates a deep appreciation for each of these elements — a strong, community-based vision for the future, and a collaborative, team-based design process to give physical expression to this vision. Landscape architects, architects and urban designers all possess different perspectives, but share a skill set and training in design that is quite unique. Harnessing this ‘design thinking’ is a powerful way to imagine and communicate an alternative future for the places we know and love. While change can be a confronting process, cities have an almost limitless capacity for accommodating renewal and reinvention. The important point is that change can be good or bad, it can be embraced or resisted, and quality of design is usually the difference between one and the other. The Australian Institute of Architects is very proud to lend its support to Design Parramatta. It has been a powerful model demonstrating the value of good design. It is also a great way to communicate with a passionate, engaged community. In this context, it is clear that Parramatta has not only a rich heritage but also a very bright future.” President, The Australian Institute of Architects, NSW

Introduction by Chief Executive Officer Dr Robert Lang “Design Parramatta builds on our new identity and reflects Council’s commitment to the delivery of future urban spaces that connect and interact with both people and place.” A joint project between Parramatta City Council and the NSW Government Architect’s Office, Design Parramatta represents a considerable step forward in the future development of Parramatta — and with the concentration of residents, businesses and workers set to increase markedly over the coming years — this is a significant project that has the potential to deliver a number of positive community outcomes. Comprising different groups of multi-disciplined talent, including urban designers, architects, landscapers and artists, the Design Parramatta participants have collaborated impressively to bring to life their collective vision for the City’s spaces. The results of this intensive project speak for themselves, as you will see over the coming pages. From a local level — taking into account the diversity of our community — to the bigger picture and how Parramatta is poised to drive Greater Sydney’s growth, Design Parramatta will transform how the City is seen and experienced. The next 12-18 months are going to be an exciting period, no doubt galvanised by the recent launch of the new City Identity, Parramatta: Future Generation which captures the energy and positivity for Parramatta’s future. Design Parramatta builds on our new identity and reflects Council’s commitment to the delivery of future urban spaces that connect and interact with both people and place. From Parramatta Square, to the river foreshore, streets or lanes, we aim to increase engagement with young entrepreneurs and new business owners, inviting them to explore the possibilities of the area — and simultaneously, to provide opportunities to urban designers, architects and artists to activate and renew the City’s spaces, drawing on the following concepts as inspiration and facilitation. Through initiatives like Design Parramatta, the City will strengthen its growing position as a vibrant and inspired place for businesses, visitors, residents and workers. I’d like to congratulate everyone involved with this exciting initiative and look forward to seeing many of these concepts brought to life over the coming years.

Introduction by Lord Mayor Councillor John Chedid “This project comes at an exciting time in Parramatta’s development and I am excited that some these big ideas may soon become a reality.”

I am proud to present to you this inspiring collection of designs from the Parramatta City Council Design Parramatta initiative. The 19 concepts laid out inside these pages provide a visual blue print of the future of our city centre. I congratulate the 65 participants who gave their talents, expertise and energy to creating these concepts for Design Parramatta. This project was about re-imagining our City, especially spaces that are run down, underused, neglected and need rejuvenation. Some of the places identiﬁed include the Church Street Mall and the River foreshore. Revitalising these areas will provide our residents, workers and visitors with a better experience of the City. Design Parramatta will complement the city building projects that Council already has underway, such as Parramatta Square. It will also be used as a blue print for Council to prioritise works and lobby the State and Federal Governments for funding. This project comes at an exciting time in Parramatta’s development and I am excited that some these big ideas may soon become a reality. Again, I offer my congratulations to everyone who took part, including the Council team that has driven this project, and the participants. The ﬁnal Design Parramatta concepts can be viewed online at www.designparramatta.com.au as well as an exhibition in 2013.

Contents PART 1

About About Design Parramatta

PART 2

12 15

The Public Domain

The Importance Of Design In The Public Domain

City Foundations

A Designed Process

Building From Precedents

An Iterative Approach

Multi-disciplinary Collaboration

What Happened When - A Timeline Of Events

Projects

Introduction to Projects

Main Streets

George Street

Macquarie Street

Phillip Street

Parramatta City Ring Road

Public Spaces and Parks River Square

56 58

Charles Street Square

Horwood Avenue Civic Link

Church Street Mall

Clay Cliff Creek Parklands

Smith and Station Street

Lanes

Freemasonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Arms Lane

Barrack Lane

106

Erby Place and Lane 13

110

Wenworth Avenue Car Park and Lanes

116

Batman Walk

122

Art and Experimental Lonely Laneways

126 128

A Space for Urban Follies

130

Parranet

132

A Place in the Sun

134

PART 3

Student Projects

136

PART 4

The Parramatta City Centre Public Domain Framework Plan 2012

148

Credit

156

Teams References

158 162

PART 5

PART 1 /

ABOUT

The 16 project sites

Design Parramatta is a collaborative project to revision Parramatta City Centre’s public domain. Undertaken by Parramatta City Council in collaboration with the NSW Government Architect’s Office, the project invited multidisciplinary design teams to participate in a six week intensive design event. A total of 19 concept designs for public spaces were created to form a conceptual masterplan and provide a catalyst for transformation of Parramatta city centre’s public spaces.

About Design Parramatta “The real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new landscapes but in having new eyes” Marcel Proust

Parramatta City Council has committed to a program of rapid growth and change and recognises that an improved public domain is vital to supporting the City Centre’s planned renewal and providing the necessary amenity for attracting and retaining new residents and employees who will drive the City Centre’s sustainable growth. Design Parramatta captures a diverse ‘palette’ of creative input across Parramatta City Centre’s public domain at a strategic moment in time; creating a new vision for its streets, parks and public spaces. It has increased design involvement in shaping and reﬁning Parramatta City Centre’s public spaces and introduces many architects, landscape architects, artists and urban designers to Parramatta. The Design Parramatta project provides the City Centre with; Ŕ concept designs for 15 sites and four art projects Ŕ an appreciation of the distinct identities that can be drawn from the individual characteristics of each of the sites Ŕ a rich palette of design approaches and elements Ŕ a set of plans and images that describe each of the concepts and can form the basis for community discussion and engagement Ŕ a Public Domain Framework Plan to help shape the ongoing development of Parramatta City Centre’s public domain.

“Well designed and maintained public spaces should be at the heart of any community. They are the foundation for public interaction and social integration, and provide the sense of place essential to engender civic pride.” Lord Richard Rogers Pritzker Architect and Chairman Urban Task Force, London 1998 1927 - Parramatta survey of the town in 1822, compiled by J.F. Campbell

THE PUBLIC DOMAIN The public domain, comprising streets, parks and public spaces is the shared, social, cultural and democratic heart of the city. It forms the common access point and provides shared amenity for all the city buildings, utilities and institutions. An expanded and improved public domain is pivotal to a vibrant and successful city. Design Parramatta focuses on the public domain because of its pivotal role in shaping the way people experience Parramatta’s city centre. The absence of differentiation and individual character in its streets and public spaces, create an overall lack of memorable image for Parramatta’s city centre.

THE IMPORTANCE OF DESIGN IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN The many beneﬁts of high quality design for cities have been recognised internationally. As cities become denser and more complex, the adoption of a design framework becomes increasingly important to resolve competing demands and ensure high quality, well integrated buildings, streets and public spaces. Additionally as most public domain elements are built over time and as a series of discrete projects, a strong framework or masterplan ensures that sequentially developed elements create coherent and attractive streets, spaces and places.

CITY FOUNDATIONS Parramatta began life in 1788 as a planned settlement with a fine street grid, excellent transport connections and many significant buildings and institutions. The City of 2012 has a clear and legible street and block structure due to its early Georgian street grid, riverside location and relatively flat terrain. In recent times the Parramatta City Centre Local Environmental Plan 2007 and Development Control Plan 2007 have provided a solid framework for the ongoing development of Parramatta’s buildings. Design Parramatta builds upon a number of existing urban design resources to generate a complementary framework for Parramatta’s public domain. These include: Ŕ the Parramatta Civic Improvement Plan 2007 Ŕ the Parramatta City Centre Lanes Strategy 2010 Ŕ the Parramatta Public Domain Guidelines

A DESIGNED PROCESS Design methodology typically uses analysis, synthesis and an iterative process. Recent research has highlighted the importance of creativity in creating new approaches. This is particularly powerful when previously unrelated ways of thinking or disciplines are brought together in new and novel relationships.

The iterative design process can be summarised as follows:

define > analysis > synthesis > review and feedback >

CONCEPT

Two mapping series created a shared foundation for the Design Parramatta design projects; the Urban Design Analysis series and the City Design Strategy Mapping series. These seven images are from the Analysis series.

BUILDING FROM PRECEDENTS Design Parramatta builds upon the methodology of a City of Sydney project entitled Sydney Spaces that was undertaken in 1995. The latter project initiative generated public domain concept designs for a variety of city streets and spaces. The designs were sought simultaneously from a range of designers in order to create a collective blueprint for urban renewal. The outcome of this initiative was a diverse palette of concepts which were compiled into a publication, further developed over time, and the majority of which were ultimately built. Design Parramatta utilised a similar approach borrowing a number of the most successful elements of this precedent project. These were: Ŕ the undertaking of a suite of strategically selected public domain projects to inform the overall development of a city Ŕ the adoption of an intensive program format to ensure focus and engagement by parties Ŕ the selection of a diverse range of designers to ensure a variety of design input and approach Ŕ the deliberate matching of designers to projects based on individual project characteristics and design team strengths. Design Parramatta distinguishes itself from Sydney Spaces by utilising an iterative approach and promoting discourse and collaboration by all parties across all projects. This approach allowed the project to evolve in a responsive manner and ensured that the resulting framework would be developed as a series of interrelated projects.

AN ITERATIVE APPROACH Design Parramatta was deliberately programed to incorporate an iterative approach. Key components of this included: Ŕ ongoing engagement by the project team with a range of Council stakeholders throughout the project Ŕ opportunities for direct interaction between designers and Council stakeholders through the intensive workshop format. Design presentations were hosted as group events where design teams could view other team’s work and received feedback from Council and a design panel.

Workshops were held at Information and Cultural Exchange Studios Parramatta.

Ŕ a website set up to facilitate sharing of information and approaches served as a tool for sharing public information about the project and provided a design hub to generate discussion and professional collaboration between the designers and project team. Ŕ written feedback provided to design teams mid-way through the process captured key points of overlap between projects and prompted speciﬁc discussion between relevant teams.

MULTI-DISCIPLINARY COLLABORATION Design Parramatta supported a multi-disciplinary collaborative approach by: Ŕ embedding collaboration within the project team and combining the technical expertise and local experience of a number of teams within Parramatta City Council with strategic input from the NSW Government Architect’s Office Ŕ undertaking a range of design projects simultaneously to allow projects to be developed cognisant of nearby design project developments Ŕ selecting a range of scaled projects to suit a range of experiences and teams Ŕ encouraging design work to be undertaken by multi-disciplinary teams from different backgrounds and disciplines Ŕ encouraging student engagement with the project through the University of Sydney urban design studio Ŕ creating a website and a ﬁlm to facilitate engagement and collaboration with the community in the next steps of the design and construction process.

Workshop 3 3 September 2012

Teamwork and collaboration have been identiďŹ ed as shortcuts to increasing creativity and new approaches in many areas of human endeavour. Recent research has shown that major developments are more likely to occur when a new point of view or skill is merged with an existing discipline.

What Happened When - A Timeline Of Events

MAY 2012 PROJECT ESTABLISHMENT

JUNE 2012

OVERALL PROJECT SCOPING The Design Parramatta concept was deﬁned and scoped as a collaborative effort between Parramatta City Council and the Government Architect’s Office. A graphic design agency, Doppio, was also engaged to assist in project communications.

EXPRESSIONS OF INTEREST

3O J

Design Parramatta invited participants to become involved in the project through an Expression of Interest process. Key public and professional media were approached and multi-disciplinary design teams were invited to form speciﬁcally for the project and apply to participate.

THE THE

The project scoping was limited to the concept design stage only to ensure the ﬁrst stage of the Design Parramatta project would be delivered as a sketch plan. The intention was to provide a wholistic outline for a future city that would not be dominated by any single style or project and could be used as the basis for community consultation and the preparation of a whole of city public domain framework plan. INDIVIDUAL PROJECT SCOPING Concise briefs were developed for each project clarifying the project scope, program and key aspects of the existing site and context. Each brief provided site speciﬁc background information, a succinct project objective, a listing of major constraints, directions to key resources and a scaled plan. A collection of shared resources were also collated and uploaded to the project website.

Conceptual design and public domain experience were listed as key criteria in the selection process. Teams were selected for their demonstrated expertise in high quality conceptual design and their ability and experience in public domain projects.

The ﬁ

even sessi desig Parra Mayo partic able key s and i A syn briefs forum partic begin

ved s.

e re y ublic

3O JULY 2012 THE DESIGN EVENT THE FIRST WORKSHOP The ﬁrst workshop was a half-day event and served as an introductory session to introduce the selected design teams to the Design Parramatta initiative. The Lord Mayor of Parramatta welcomed participants and the designers were able to meet with the project team, key stakeholders from Council and intermingle with one another. A synopsis of each of the project briefs was on display and the forum provided an opportunity for participants to ask questions and begin conversations.

13 AUGUST 2012 THE DESIGN EVENT THE INTERIM WORKSHOP The interim workshop was held two weeks into the process and was an opportunity for designers to present their ﬁrst ideas on each of the 19 city centre projects. The full-day workshop was attended by a design panel and was structured to allow projects with similar themes to be presented in the context of one another. Each team presented site analysis drawings as well as preliminary concept designs. It was a forum for hypothesising, testing ideas and receiving critical feedback. The event included participants from each of the design teams, a range of Council representatives and a distinguished design panel. A ﬁlm crew was in attendance to record the event and each of the design teams received written feedback in the following week.

3 SEPTEMBER 2012 THE DESIGN EVENT THE FINAL WORKSHOP The ﬁnal workshop was held at the end of the design event and was the culmination of the Design Parramatta initiative to date. Similar in format to the interim workshop it was held as a full-day event with the design panel and design teams in attendance throughout the day. Each design team was required to present analysis drawings, conceptual design drawings and 3D images of their projects to enable others to understand the design thinking that led to a particular solution and how the scheme may eventually appear. The images also demonstrated how the proposal would change the existing site and facilitate future communications with the Parramatta community regarding the proposals in order for them to make comment and provide feedback to guide the next steps.

Exploration through scaled drawings, plans and models: â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;A picture tells a thousand wordsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Feedback On the Process The workshop and group presentations were one of the most successful elements of Design Parramatta to date. Many participants expressed enthusiasm, appreciation and delight at the opportunity to present, review the work of other designers, and to receive similar feedback of their own. Similarly, Council staff expressed appreciation at being able to see projects unfold as works in progress. For many it was surprising to witness the design process, the many changes and iterations that can occur, and the huge range of factors that are brought to bear on any single city centre design project.

PART 2 /

PROJECTS

6 7

George Street

River Square

Freemason’s Arms Lane

Macquarie Street

Charles Street Square

Barrack Lane

Phillip Street

Horwood Avenue-Civic Link

Erby Place and Lane 13

Parramatta City Ring Road: Victoria Road, O’Connell, Parkes and Harris Street

Church Street Mall

Wentworth Avenue Car Park & Lanes

Clay Cliff Creek Parklands

Batman Walk

Smith & Station Streets

Blank Canvases

Plan of Design Parramatta Project sites

Introduction to Projects “ ...the best way to predict the future is to design it” Buckminster Fuller systems theorist, architect, engineer, author, designer, inventor, and futurist, 1895 – 1983

Design Parramatta incorporated 15 sites and 19 projects within the Parramatta city centre. Each of the projects were either selected for their individual importance or their ability to contribute in a temporary or permanent way towards the City Centre’s program of urban renewal. As a group, the selected sites reﬂect the complexity of the city centre and provided a canvas against which teams of varying levels of experience could participate. This in turn encouraged diverse designs reﬂecting the city’s scale and dynamism. Based on type, scale and program, four main groups of projects developed. Ŕ Main Streets Ŕ Public Spaces and Parks Ŕ Lanes Ŕ Art and Experimental During the design event, shared themes became apparent for the project groupings; Ŕ the Main Streets teams focused on augmenting the structure, access and identity of the city centre Ŕ the Public Spaces and Parks teams focused on public life in the city centre; creating places for public events and celebrations; and improving its amenity, especially through ‘mediating’ the environment and introducing green elements Ŕ the Lanes teams developed places suitable for local activation that could provide individuation, vibrancy and dynamism in their immediate vicinity and provide a more local counterpoint to the civic character created in the larger projects Ŕ the Art and Experimental teams were able to bring to light previously hidden or less well-known sites in Parramatta’s city centre as well as creating pockets of surprise and beauty. Freed from the constraint of creating an enduring icon or place, these proposals could be current and immediate.

The Main Streets The Main Streets Projects are: 1. George Street 2. Macquarie Street 3. Phillip Street 4. Parramatta City Ring Road

6 Phill ip St

Macqu arie St

1 2

Georg e St

Parra matta City

Ring Rd

8 10

Clay Cliff

Diagram of Main Streets

lands Creek Park

George Street, Macquarie Street and Phillip Street are Parramatta’s three main east-west streets running parallel to the river, with continuous views through the entire city centre. These ﬂat long streets traverse the city centre’s core and connect to key institutions and the Parramatta City Ring Road, the City’s orbital loop. While their form, size, location and importance give them the potential to become major avenues, they currently lack this appearance. The ring road has been developed from seven existing streets to reduce traffic congestion and divert unnecessary traffic from Parramatta’s central core. Although it exists as a concept, because it is not widely recognised, the ring road is not as well used as envisaged. A common issue for each of these streets and routes is that none have a recognisable identity that distinguishes their role within the city centre or contributes civic quality, despite their importance to both the city centre wide access and Parramatta’s identity.

For Parramatta City Ring Road the opportunity was deﬁned as creating a unique, compelling and cohesive identity for the route. The teams’ shared approach for each of these proposals centred on developing a rich analysis that unearthed the fundamental qualities of the site, leading to the formation of design principles for the streets’ ongoing character and future city centre function. The analyses of all four projects combine to form an interesting narrative about Parramatta’s development. Four routes of similar character have been redeﬁned to become more distinct and recognisable, with each providing a unique contributing character to Parramatta’s city centre.

The project briefs framed this issue in differing ways to reﬂect each street’s existing and potential future function in the larger network. For George Street the opportunity was about harnessing the heritage value and affirming the street’s role as the city centre’s ‘civic spine. For Macquarie Street the perceived opportunity was about designing the street to become an important transport corridor, potentially with light rail, linking to Parramatta’s Transport Interchange. For Phillip Street the opportunity was deﬁned as highlighting the street’s potential for night-time activation and as a connector of many important city centre thresholds.

Plan 1792

1820-21 -Brislington

Plan 1805

1823-29 - Harrisford

Plan 1813

1841 - Perth House

1885 - Tudor Gates

George Street Hill Thalis Architecture + Urban Projects, Jane Irwin Landscape Architecture and Turpin + Crawford Studio George Street, Parramatta, is Australia’s ﬁrst premeditated street — its original grand and formal plan conﬁdently anticipating a vibrant future for Parramatta. Initially planned and constructed to a width of 60m wide, George Street was subsequently reduced to a more standard 25m width. Today, the street contains many important civic, government and heritage buildings. George Street is located midway between the Parramatta Transport Interchange and the

Parramatta River and Parramatta CBD’s principal eastwest spine. Commencing at the Tudor Gates entrance to Parramatta Park, George Street crosses a range of city centre areas including; the Justice Precinct; Church Street retail and eateries; the future civic link and the city centre office core, and terminates at parklands at either end. Despite its historic importance, in 2012 George Street’s signiﬁcance is not immediately recognisable and its character is fragmented along its length.

1924

Plan 1823

1924-38 - Civic Arcade

Plan 2012

1930 - Roxy Theatre

1938 - Bank of NSW

1938 - Courthouse

Professor James Werrick

“Acknowledging the colonial mark is a generator of this project.”

1793, Fernando Brambila

The brief asked the team to revitalise George Street, harness its heritage value and affirm its role as Parramatta’s civic and commercial spine. A major strength of the team’s approach was the comprehensive and detailed analysis of the street’s historic development. The analysis showed the many important buildings along George Street that have been setback to the original wider alignment creating a series of small squares and forecourts.

The scheme suggests that all existing forecourts and squares are retained and the built form between them should be limited to four storey podiums, with any new commercial towers set behind. The street’s termination points would be reordered commensurate with the street’s signiﬁcance and promote pedestrian priority at these parkland connections. The new ‘double spatial order’ would guide the built form, location of street trees, landscape and art. 35

George Street will be reinstated as Parramattaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pre-eminent street by emphasising its length, interpreting its original 60m width, celebrating its green ends and marking its symbolic cross axis.

Sheila hand drawn Plan 36

George Street Proposal View East from Parramatta Park

Philip Thalis

“The CBD needs to gain a new understanding with George Street at its centre.”

The long-term design proposal would reinstate the street’s grandeur and create an immediately recognisable identity for both the street and Parramatta’s city centre. The project would be realised through an Urban Design Strategy and an Urban Art Strategy. The proposed Urban Design Strategy involves: Ŕ a double spatial order Ŕ a series of small publicly accessible squares and forecourts Ŕ changed podium heights and setbacks in the City Centre Develoment Control Plan to deﬁne the existing squares and forecourts and emphasise the double spatial reading

Ŕ the elimination of requirements for awnings unless part of heritage architecture to highlight civic and commercial building elevations Ŕ revitalisation of the individual squares by reducing walls and level changes, shifting stairs and ramps back from the edge of the 20m street reserve, to enable these spaces to reconnect with the life of the street Ŕ reviewing street tree planting along George Street to concentrate in the squares and spaces beyond the 20m street reserve to preserve the vista down George Street Ŕ deciduous planting in squares along the southern side to allow for good sun access during winter.

Parramatta Park Threshold

Justice Precinct

Perth House

Ghost heritage Parramatta’s First Wharf

River Park

Plan

The Urban Art Strategy proposes a suite of site speciﬁc projects to highlight and reveal the underlying character of Parramatta’s ﬁrst planned street through a ‘ghost heritage’ that would interpret: Ŕ the lost ‘ghost heritage’ in green anchor parklands framing either end of George Street Ŕ the lost convict buildings along the former extension to George Street inside the gates of Parramatta Park Ŕ the street’s lost original length formerly extending into Parramatta Park Ŕ the lost former colonial wharf to be reinstated as a waterside viewing tower, platform or design element activated by tide and water wash.

Macquarie Street

Macquarie Street - Existing View

Cox Richardson Architects and Planners, Oculus and Parsons Brinkerhoff

Macquarie Street is the southernmost of Parramatta city centre’s three main avenues and has been identiﬁed as a possible route for the proposed new light rail eastwest route which would connect between Epping/ Strathﬁeld and Liverpool, via Sydney Olympic Park, the University of Western Sydney, Parramatta and the Westmead Biomedical precinct. Macquarie Street will connect to Parramatta’s Transport Interchange via the proposed public domain of Parramatta Square. The brief asked the team to redesign Macquarie Street as a key component of Parramatta’s transport interchange, with a two-way light rail system and platforms at Parramatta Square and Civic Link in the heart of the city centre. The team presented a highly compelling narrative of the symbiotic relationship between transport and Parramatta’s historical development and then described the best way that the light rail could help renew Parramatta’s city centre.

Six key periods mark points of change in the history of Parramatta’s city centre. 1792 – Ferry Ŕ town at western extent of navigable Parramatta River Ŕ town serviced by water Ŕ ferry docked to east of township Ŕ George Street as ﬁrst planned street from ferry to Government House Ŕ river an extension of the axis Ŕ extension of grid to south. 1883 – Steam Train Ŕ arrival of rail makes Church Street the major northsouth route Ŕ larger ferries unable to reach original wharf Ŕ steam tram on George Street to new wharf at Duck River from 1883

Church Street c 1950

View

Church Street c 1950

Ŕ tram north to Baulkham Hills opened 1902 and extended to Castle Hill in 1910

Ŕ ring road formed to eliminate through traffic in central Parramatta

Ŕ major catchment to the north reinforces importance of Church Street.

Ŕ structured car parks built in the city centre

1920-50s – Car Ŕ private vehicles displace public transport Ŕ trams removed by 1932 (Castle Hill) and George Street (1943) Ŕ Church Street as major north-south arterial Ŕ congestion increases as Western Sydney grows Ŕ main street retail on Church Street Ŕ new vehicular river crossings. 1970s – Ring Road Ŕ function of streets and urban blocks altered to accommodate cars Ŕ traffic volumes on Church Street impact city centre environment

Ŕ pedestrianisation of Church Street at St. John’s Ŕ one-way road system introduced. 2015 – Light Rail Ŕ light rail transport facilitates north-south connectivity Ŕ two-way light rail on Macquarie Street Ŕ north-south light rail on Marsden Street Ŕ relationship to transport interchange Ŕ Pitt/Macquarie streets not part of ring road O’Connell Street two-way Ŕ Church Street one-way south from George Street Ŕ connect ‘park to park’ and break down block length - new north-south links.

View of Macquarie Street looking east

Macquarie Street will drive the development of â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;large opportunityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; sites and become a tree-lined boulevard for light rail, cars and pedestrians with integrated platforms. 43

Public Domain Plan - Space Types

Public Domain for a nationally important CBD

ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES – Straight alignment – Straight footpaths – Platforms integrated into the public domain – Stopping zones up to 50m long - less impact on public domain, tree planting etc – Footpath width on south side of street 4.1m - 5.2m – Footpath width on north side of street +/- 4m – One north drive accessed affected and one southern driveway access affected by stop locations

Two-way light rail - Option 2 Side platform

Designs were based on the assumption that the proposed system needed to be compatible with other Sydney light rail systems. These are: System Assumptions Ŕ vehicle length 30m - 40m Ŕ 280m - 320m distance between stops Ŕ minimum stop widths - 2m [side footpath] - 2.8m [single sided island] Ŕ stop lengths 40m Ŕ potential for lane sharing on intersections for turning Ŕ LRT priority at traffic lights Ŕ overhead power supply or battery/hidden rail through the city centre allows tree planting.

Route options and typical street sections were prepared and compared with the preferred option providing for the best integration of the platforms and tracks within the street and allowing for a ﬁne avenue of new street tree planting to be implemented. It would have: Ŕ a two-way system on Macquarie Street with side platforms on north and south pavements — traffic one-way west or east in central lane Ŕ lines located on east and west pavements to maximise connectivity to pedestrian network Ŕ a route joining George Street at Harris Street intersection and passing along the edge of Robin Thomas Reserve Ŕ a north-south light rail route that may be relocated to Marsden Street to protect Church Street amenity.

Phillip Street existing view

Phillip Street HASSELL

Phillip Street is the threshold between the grid of Parramatta city centre and Parramatta River and links many city centre destinations including the Justice Precinct; the proposed new Riverbank Square, ‘eat street’ north and nine connecting lanes. It is the shortest and most northern of Parramatta’s three main east-west avenues. It is uniquely positioned, with river frontage at both ends of the street, and could form a

direct axis between Parramatta’s ferry wharf and the southern end of (and potential entry to) Parramatta Stadium. Currently Phillip Street has a scattered pattern of functions and activity with many available spaces for adaption and activation.

1. Phillip Street is close (but not connected) to the river

2. Phillip Street is the dividing line between city and river RIVER CORRIDOR

GEORGE ST= +70%

CITY CORE

MACQUARIE ST= +130%

CHURCH ST= +500%

3. Phillip Street can be visually extended to the water

4. Phillip Street can become an important social space

A STREET FLOODED WITH LANDSCAP

Eating and drinking Shopping Doing business

Doing business Shopping Eating and drinking

A STREET FLOODED WITH LIGHT

5. Phillip Street can amediate the conditions of city and river

6. Two lines of subsurface infrastructure are introduced

Parramatta Park/Stadium Ferry Wharf

1_Arrive by ferry 2_Wait for buddies in Market Square 3_A couple of pre-match beers 4_Parramatta Stadium (only a 5 minute walk!) 5_Celebratory drinks at the Streetside Bar 6_Night market for kebabs 7_Onward to Church Street... 8_How did I get home again ...?

7. End points are marked with larger elements

8. Phillip Street has a scattered pattern of functions and activity Culture Precinct

Parramatta Park/Stadium Riverside Precinct

Parramatta Park/Stadium

Ferry Wharf Justice Precinct

Church Street

Ferry Wharf

Commercial Precinct

9. Parramattaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population today GLOBALLY CONNECTED RAPIDLY EVOLVING

YOUNG 35.2% OF PEOPLE ARE AGED

25-34 YRS

50%

OF PEOPLE (CBD) BORN OVERSEAS

ENTREPRENEURIAL

85.9%

OF BUSINESSES HAVE 1-4 EMPLOYEES) 5

MULTICULTURAL

84%

SPEAK ENGLISH + ANOTHER LANGUAGE

LGA IN SYDNEY (2010)

Phillip Street will become a new event promenade linking adjoining night-time and recreational uses with Parramatta Stadium and Charles Street Wharf.

CIVIC SYSTEM (water, energy, gas, fibre, etc)

LIGHT SCULPTURE INFORMATION POS

1_Arrive by train 2_Drop by the gym 3_Pick up take-away dinner 4_Home

WATER SYSTEM (subsurface water collection system)

Two lines of subsurface infrastructure are introduced

Phillip Street experiences: the daily journey home

WATER TREATMEN PARK

End points are marked with larger elements

The brief asked the team to design a high quality street environment to highlight the various city thresholds and embrace the street’s potential as a night-time destination.

special character and highlight the many recreational destinations that can be reached from Phillip Street. They illustrated this by mapping a range of imaginary routes that a visitor could experience.

Two major strengths of the team’s approach were the recognition of Parramatta city centre’s existing and future community and the identiﬁcation of the street’s potential to be extended along its axis to connect to the southern tip of Parramatta Stadium. This would bring this popular and symbolic destination into real connection with the city centre, public transport and other key night-time destinations. The concept proposal identiﬁed a loose structure to create a

“Parramatta is a young area that is highly multicultural leading to a demand for new urban amenities and services that meet the needs of the diverse population. A large portion of the population speaks a language other than English and the majority of businesses in Parramatta are small. We recognise the entrepreneurial spirit that exists in Parramatta and we are looking to harness and promote this in our design.” HASSELL.

Design tactics Streetside parking is inhabited for night and weekend uses

Design tactics

Setback zones become ﬁlled with landscape and sculpture

HASSELL

“This design will establish Phillip Street as an event street. It will enable the community to actively shape the street and adapt it to their various requirements on a daily basis.”

LIGHT SCULPTURE/ INFORMATION POST

WATER TREATMENT PARK

The design detailing was conceived as an apparatus for community activity. The proposal introduces two lines of infrastructure. On the northern river side, a subsurface water and drainage system would support the landscape. On the southern city side there would be a system of multifunction poles to integrate energy, gas and most importantly light, and become markers for different activities. The riverside terminations would be marked by a larger sculptural element and open space. The new infrastructure would identify Phillip Street’s city/river threshold character, with each side of the street reﬂecting their adjacent and differing contexts. There would be mini

parks, reed beds and rain gardens. Green trellis would be used to create shade, points of rest and to mitigate ﬂooding and heat island effects. Light poles could support market structures for evening food stalls and weekend markets, incorporating inbuilt projectors for street cinemas and providing information screens, community notice boards, phone charging points and drinking fountains and other services.

“Boring, plain, frustrating, 1980s”

Parramatta City Ring Road TERROIR, ASPECT Studio, u.lab University of Technology Sydney and Richard Goodwin Pty Ltd The Parramatta City Ring Road was planned to reduce traffic congestion by diverting through traffic away from the city centre. It comprises seven existing streets; the Great Western Highway, Pitt Street, O’Connell Street, Victoria Street, Macarthur Street, Harris Street and Parkes Street. While the road infrastructure exists, as do several planned design changes to traffic lanes and signalling, to increase capacity and efficiency, the ring road and its relation to the city and surrounds has not been well articulated to date.

Parra Block is the name the team developed to embrace all aspects of the project, including the functional and physical and the changed perception of the city centre.

The brief asked the team to create a unique, compelling and cohesive identity for the Parramatta City Ring Road.

Ŕ the ring road doesn’t correspond to the actual city centre boundaries, either physically or perceptually

The team started from the assumption that the road’s identity is interwoven with the city centre, both spatially and from an image perspective. They undertook extensive site analysis — including mapping, photographs and documentation of physical attributes — and asked community members to describe Parramatta as a place, as well as to draw its perimeter.

Appropriately for a project with such a strong focus on movement through space, sequence, image and way ﬁnding, these analyses were edited together with a drive around the road to create a ﬁlm bringing the whole experience together. The analysis described several key elements:

Ŕ the ring road, due to its width and heavy traffic volumes could act as a barrier or could become a gateway element into the city centre and a connector between the city and surround rather than a divider Ŕ 28 streets and paths currently cross the ring road, where people enter or leave the ‘block ‘

“I think of a place where there are people from all over the world.”

“Very busy place, pretty much got everything.”

“I think of traffic and congestion.”

Ŕ a large low-density neighbourhood exists inside the ring road but outside Parramatta’s city centre, and could become a new high-density neighbourhood to enrich Parramatta and help develop the city, namely the north bank. Ŕ new citizens will help to strengthen and subtly reﬁne the city centre’s identity as it grows and cultural programs will help to attract these citizens to Parramatta. The team extrapolated that in 20 years time the combination of the ring road and the city centre’s 40km pedestrian amenity zone could greatly reduce the percentage of vehicles in the city centre compared to people walking, using public transport and cycling which would further enliven Parramatta’s cultural and street life and the city centre’s resilience.

Its four main components are: 1. The City Centre project 2. The North Bank project 3. Pressure Point projects. A series of pressure point projects providing improved connectivity are necessary to deliver the vision; including bridges, river buildings, cycle paths and pedestrian networks; which integrate the 14 other curated city centre projects. 4. Software projects. Culture will be developed in parallel with the physical projects over a 20-year timeframe with small initial projects gathering creative citizens via social media and public engagement to larger and longer-term ambitions to develop major cultural institutions.

Parra Block would be developed via a 20-year plan to become a distinct place to live, work and create.

Parramatta City Ring Road - Existing Plan

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Parramatta City Ring Road - Existing Views

Residents and workers were asked to draw Parramatta City Centre

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o p In addition to the analysis and film, the team prepared concept designs for three defining parts of the proposed ring road. Ŕ a new pedestrian bridge across the river at Gasworks Bridge Ŕ improved intersection design for ring road users as well as people crossing at the intersection of Church Street and Great Western Highway Ŕ a schematic approach to ‘fine grain densification’ of the proposed addition to the city centre in the northeastern corner.

CHURCH STR

o o

EET PARKES STR

GREAT

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Map with 4 strategies = Church Street

Church Street

NORTH DIRECTION SOUTH DIRECTION EAST DIRECTION WEST DIRECTION CHURCH STR EET

CURRENT CONDIITIOON O : EXI EXISTING I ST TRAAFFIC FFLLOW TRAFFIC WS 1:1000

27 2 7

Map withGasworks 4 strategies = Church Street

Bridge

North Bank

RETAIN PROMINENT URBAN FABRIC

PAR

SSMITH STRREET T

STREET CHURCH

MARSDE N STRE

Map with 4 strategies = Church Street

RAM

ATT

IVER

STREET ELIZABE BETTH

WILDE AVE

ROAD

SOR ORRREL ELLL STREET

VICTORIA

EET

CHURCH STR

ARSSDE DENN STR TREET

CHURCH STR EET

GREAT

WESTER

PARKES STR

N HWY

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NEW RIGHT HAND TURN LANE WAY NORTH DIRECTION SOUTH DIRECTION EAST DIRECTION WEST DIRECTION CHURCH STR EET

BBRIEF I F : ADDITTIOONAAL RRIGHT I T HHAND AND TURN NNORTH TURN ORTTH BOUUND [ADDITIONAL [AD ITIOONAL LAN LANE] NE] 1:1000

Proposal 1 - Church Street

SECTION A 1:200

Parramatta Ring Road will become an identiﬁable threshold inviting movement between Parramatta’s city centre and surrounding neighbourhoods, and directing ﬂows around the city centre.

SECTION B 1:200

E ELEVATIO ELE EL N C 1:500

THOMAS ATT

STREET

IVER

EXISTIN EXISTING S BUILTT CBDD RETAIN TAIN AIN BBUILT UILT FA FAB A RIC NEW EW W BUILDING DEN E SITY SITT OPEN PENN SPACE SPA SP CE NEW EW CYCL CYCLEE PATH NEW W PEDESTRIAN TR LINKS LINKS FORESHOREE ACTIVATION FORESHOR ACTIVATION ZO ZONE NORTH BANK BANK AREA

EET

RAM

HARRIS STR

PAR

Proposal 2 -Gasworks Bridge

BULLLER LE STREEET ET

STREET E ELIZABE BETTH

WILDE AVE

NEW GAS WORK WORKSS BR BRIDGE IDGE PRO PROPOSA POSALL POSA

UPGRADE BRIDGE CONNECTION CONNECTI O NEW & UPGRADED ADED PEDESTRIAN BRIDGES RING ROAD ROA BOUNDA U RY

P E 2: NEW PH PHAS W MIX IXED-U E -USED URBAN DDENSIT URBAN NSITYY TTO NORRTH BAANKK

Proposal 3 -North bank 55

Public Spaces and Parks The Public Space and Parks Projects are 5. River Square 6. Charles Street Square 7. Horwood Avenue-Civic Link 8. Church Street Mall 9. Clay Cliff Creek Parklands 10. Smith and Station Streets Greening

6 Phill ip St

Macqu arie St

1 2

Georg e St

Parra matta City

Ring Rd

8 10

Clay Cliff

lands Creek Park

Diagram of Public Spaces and Parks Projects

Like many Australian cities, Parramatta’s public life has focused on its streets rather than its squares. Recognising the need for larger spaces to house big events and the importance of squares to foster the planned and spontaneous social life and activities that encourage people to gather, Parramatta is planning for the creation of new public spaces as well as substantially reworking and expanding existing spaces. The sites are located in a north-south spine along the centre of the city centre and several coincide with one or more of the major streets projects. The public space and parks projects share a theme of change and represent most clearly Parramatta’s aspirations for transformation. One of these sites, River Square, does not currently exist as a public space, and two sites, the Civic Link and Clay Cliff Creek Parklands, involve considerable expansion of the current space and complete renewal. While the Church Street Mall, Charles Street Square and Smith and Station Streets greening projects inhabit existing spaces, major transformation of the space’s appearance are proposed through transﬁguring the plan, decluttering the site and including elements such as seating and stalls that will encourage people to inhabit the space, rather than just passing through. Three of the public space sites are streets with reduced traffic roles to allow increased pedestrian and social life. These are: Ŕ Church Street Mall – which has been closed (between Darcy and Macquarie streets) to traffic since 1970 Ŕ Horwood Avenue – a partially existing street that will be extended when a Council car park is demolished to create a civic link extending from

Parramatta Transport Interchange through to the river. Even though it will be as wide as a main street, the avenue’s traffic role is limited to providing access to buildings, affording spare capacity for a series of small pedestrian pocket parks. Ŕ Smith and Station Streets are currently major traffic arteries with widened footpaths created by generous building setbacks providing considerable potential for a green overlay to enhance its current function as a major bus route. These three projects shared a common theme of creating smaller spaces within a larger public area to catalyse activation and create small havens of amenity and comfort. The opportunity for Church Street Mall was to propose options for an immediate short-term makeover/clean up designed to improve the mall’s appearance, and encourage events. The opportunity for Horwood Avenue was to design a green spine including water, landscape, and places to socialise and relax. The opportunity for Smith and Station Street Greening was to propose alternative green solutions for footpath locations where street trees are precluded due to services and other conditions. Presented as a green ‘necklace’ of parks and places along Clay Cliff Creek, this team’s proposal extended a linear park model to link important parks surrounding Parramatta’s city centre and form a four kilometre continuous parkland walk with the potential to act as a new ‘green lung’ for the city centre and foster new recreational activities. This expanded green loop would corresponded with the eastern section of the ring road loop as well as the three main city streets and also points to opportunities for a revitalised image for Parramatta’s city centre.

Helen Lochhead

“... Parramatta needs to bring people back to the river ... This is a once in a lifetime opportunity to reengage with the water in an evocative way….”

A low still reﬂective canal

River Square JAAA, Environmental Partnership, Turf Design Studio, Roberts Day, Equatica and Electrolight River Square, a new public space, is planned to replace an existing Council car park.

allowing for gathering, meeting, quiet contemplation, conversations and celebrations.

The brief asked the team to design a concept for a new riverfront square and terraced foreshore to the river and parklands. The square, an urban character, would have; capacity for everyday uses and well as major events of up to 20,000 people, be able to withstand ﬂooding and designed on the assumption that the ferry wharf remains at Charles Street.

There were important functional requirements that needed to be resolved:

The team noted that the river is presently barely visible from adjoining streets due to the level changes and width. They subtly expanded the brief as about reconnecting with the river — physically and symbolically — and transforming a vast space at the edge into a meeting place at the heart,

Ŕ the six to eight metre change in levels between the city centre and the water Ŕ the requirement for a space that works well for individuals, groups, and city centre and regional events Ŕ the creation of a thematic link to the Civic Link Ŕ periodic ﬂooding impacts. The simple, pared back and restrained design would provide an elegant and enduring space for Parramatta’s city centre, that ampliﬁes the river rather

A place that offers respite - to simply sit & chat

or accomodates a celebrating community

than dominating or competing with it. The square has a unique character and its scale would augment Paramatta’s existing suite of public spaces

would allow for widened platforms of grass and gravel in which you can ‘nestle’ and ﬁnd quiet, and the tree canopy is integrated.

Four main elements are proposed.

Steps are also proposed on the northern bank, cascading down and visually linking the square across the river.

The River Steps The river steps are the spine of the square, a continuous unifying link running the 250m length of the square, and allowing access to the river edge at any point. The general step structure is a 1600mm wide by 450mm high terrace step. Walkway and ramp access would be embedded within the steps, providing seamless at grade access to the river edge. The river walk widens out to a promenade at the base of the river steps. Further modulation of the steps

The Green A generous open grass green space would be at the heart of the square. The grassy lawn gently orients towards the river, overlooking the steps and terraces and facing the wooded northern foreshore and the sun’s warmth. The lawn would accommodate many modes of use from weekday lunchtimes to events and gatherings.

River Square will be a grand square drawing people to the river, formed by elemental, grandly proportioned terraces, lawns and stairs.

Upper Plaza The upper plaza ﬂanked by cafes and bars would be above the river ﬂood level (at RL 6.4), and provide a meandering progression through colonnades and smaller spaces that open up at bends and junctions. River Square Proposal - View from the North Bank

The Link The river link would extend the Horwood Place axis and draw you in. The Willow Grove heritage building provides a fine anchor to this link and could be flanked by still reflective water, echoing the river’s character. Water would transition into ephemeral shallow depressions in the main square overlooking the river that would fill with rainfall and provide opportunities

for engaging with the water. The marshalling of the waters in lineal formations echoes the strength of the business district — while the capacity for overﬂow and ripple reﬂects the ephemeral modes of the river at the River Square — drawing the curious through to the plaza.

The potential to integrate nodal spaces within the lane network may also be possible.

At the centre of the link, a new public building made of glass and with public and cultural uses is proposed to replace the existing rear extension to Willow Grove.

Ŕ 1:100 ﬂood level = 6.0

Floods and Levels Ŕ 1:20 ﬂood level = 5.5

Ŕ Minimum habitable level = 6.4 Ŕ River level generally = 1.15

Public Domain Driven Development

Ŕ Drop from adjoining streets to river level = 7-8 metres

A masterplan with some suggested refinements is also proposed — identifying some modification of building footprints potentially with concessions for height to maintain gross floor area which would enable an extended river plaza.

River Square Proposal - View looking East

Context Plan

masterplan Masterplan

Charles Street Square Context Landscape Design, Zoe Spiegel, CM+ and Urban Art Projects The Charles Street Square site is the closest access point to the river and parklands from Parramatta’s main city centre area and at its lowest point is the ferry wharf. The current space is cluttered, municipal in character and acts as a visual barrier to the river. The brief asked the team to redesign the northern terminus of Charles Street and create a lively urban square and series of terraces adjoining the wharf and river parklands. The team’s approach was based on detailed historical and physical analysis of the site’s development. They noted: “Here saltwater meets fresh, and inland waters ﬁrst reach those of the tidal harbour. …. Prior to European settlement, this place was a gathering place for traders from across Australia. 64

Middens and stones attest to the power of this place as a place of coming together ... Governor Phillip’s plan for this part of Parramatta included a riverfront square, Queen Square, and survives somewhat in the current name for this area,’ Charles Street Square. Its current use an as a ferry landing point is, in some ways, a continuation of this earlier pattern.” Charles Street Square team The analysis led to their description of the site as being a place in motion and to a design approach centred on drawing the broader city grid and natural setting into place and stripping back the unnecessary clutter to reveal the site’s inherent potential, and improve its function.

Charles Street Square team

“There is motion in the tides, … in ferry movements, in people arriving and departing, and in vehicles skirting the edge of the space ... These movements give this place an authentic life, but are not yet placed into a framework ...”

ACTIVITIES - Ferry - Cafe - Amphitheatre - Water performance - Park Ribbon - Sound + Light MOVEMENT - Pedestrian - Ferry - Pier - Vehicles

GREEN - Landscape Planes - Canopy - Green walls

AXES + VIEWS - Phillip Street axis - Charles Street axis - Water axis

PLACE - tidal salt water / river - fresh water weir - embankments - slopes - 1:100 storm ﬂood line RL 6

Charles Street Square - Existing

Charles Street Square will be pared back to its essential elements to connect to the river, frame the escarpment and create activated terraces.

Charles Street Square - Proposal View from the North

Charles Street Square team

“The development of the city centre, required a bold vision for projecting the city grid over the landscape to create a ‘clear urban framework’ …Our responsibility would be to respect the place’s past while giving its narrative meaning for the future. We envision a new name for this place that does not rely on a nearby street name, but supports its own complex identity ‘Water Square’. “ 67

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01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Charles Street Phillip Street Plaza Cafe Terrace Phillip St Pier Pier Kiosk Rivercat dock River amphitheatre River walk Weir Basin Artwork to pier Tidal artwork Riverside artwork Outlook/artwork To River Sq. To Queen Sq.

05 12

+7.5

“The design builds upon the city centre grid by projecting street corridors north and south of the river to deﬁne a greater square that also embraces the river. New elements were then positioned to reinforce this ‘conceptual’ square and to make a place that is conducive to movement and resting. Phillip Street is unique in Parramatta as it essentially begins and ends at the river. As such it provides an opportunity for connecting the city centre, physically and metaphorically, back to the river.” Charles Street Square team Philip Street would be extended as an art walk, and a metaphorical ‘landing pier’ toward the east that would act as a marker (when seen from the river), allow for

06 12

a café overlooking the river and provide shelter for arriving and departing passengers beneath. Its eastern end could house a signature piece of art visible along Phillip Street. The Charles Street axis would continue down to the water, (as it once did for cattle crossing), and be marked by a landscape gesture. The other sides of the square would be implied within bush and riverside parkland across the river and art pieces would be installed to inviting the public to discover the square. The slope down to the river would be conﬁgured as a ‘folded’ welcome terrace providing access as well as a place for gathering; lunch sunshine, evening performances, and promenade.

Helen Lochhead

‘There is nothing static in the quality of the site. There is an opportunity to reinforce its dynamism and make the invisible visible …. But it doesn’t want to be overdesigned ... It wants to be the ‘prelude’ and part of a new language in how the city centre meets the river….”

Concept Plan

Detail

Horwood Avenue Civic Link Gallagher Ridenour, Redshift and Equatica The Horwood Avenue Civic Link is a planned extension of Horwood Place that would eventually connect Parramatta’s two major public spaces, the River and the transport interchange beyond. The brief asked the team to design a green spine including water, landscape, and places to socialise and rest. The team identiﬁed the site’s key elements as being; passage and ﬂow of people and cars; the existing and evolving built form; and the creation of places of collection and “pooling” of water, sunlight and activity. They developed a narrative around three

main themes, ﬂow, ﬂux and collection, to integrate these elements. The extensive site analysis also revealed the importance of the section both longwise and cross wise to understanding this site and revealing and magnifying its unique characteristics. A long-term vision as well as short-term interventions embracing the reality of the ‘here and now’ have been proposed.

FLUX FLOW COLLECT

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Analysis

Horwood Avenue - Existing View

Horwood Avenue Civic Link will become an activated green spine connecting Parramatta Square and River Square.

River Square Phillip Street

George Street

Macquarie Street

Civic Square

Conceptual plan

Phillip Street

George Street

Macquarie Street

Flow Flux Collect - the street

Collect - water treatment and planting

Pools Water

Water

Trees

LightLight

Trees

People People

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Pools Horwood Avenue Proposal - View of New Bar near Roxy 73

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Commercial Frontage Lobbies

Fine Grain Commercial

Lane way Activation Opportunities

Macquarie Street

Phillip Street

George Street

Macquarie Street

Existing Cafe/Bar & Future Opportunities

built form and solar access potential

12pm - January 22

12pm - March 22

12pm - June 22 20st

Option 24st

35st 6st

Future Lane

Flow - building interface and street activation

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Waste Storage

Existing Access Stair

Existing Plant Room

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Roxy Existing Forecourt

Plan

Flow “The design reveals the ﬂow of water through the site. Rain gardens are located at key areas of stormwater collection and extend beyond the kerb edge and into the public space, creating incidental garden ‘rooms’.” Horwood Avenue team The design is for a generous 10m wide linear pedestrian footpath along the eastern side of the street, providing ease of movement and social places. At four locations, there would be groves of deciduous trees extending the full width of the street, creating pockets of sun and shade, protection and respite. A rain garden ‘threshold’ would extend across the avenue signalling the nearby river, where the street slopes down to Phillip Street.

+0.45

The rain gardens could be watered by stormwater runoff from adjoining Council car park rooftops collected through a tapestry of coloured pipes. New lighting and paving would reinforce pedestrian movement. The detailed design of materials and elements such as inlet kerbs, facetted gutter details and custom paving would make explicit the concealed patterns of the stormwater ﬂow and collection. Flux Recognising that Horwood Avenue is a space in ﬂux, the design changes the proposed building envelopes (to those currently proposed in the Development Control Plan) to ensure maximise solar access can reach the street during lunchtime hours.

Phillip Street

George Street

Macquarie Street

4m footpath

6m carriageway

10m linear walk

west 3m setback

Option 2

3m pkg

east Horwood Place

George Street

Flow - parking

ecourt

Temporary installation - Carpark Water Treatment

Closure of the southern vehicular entry to Horwood Place car park is suggested in the short-term to improve the exisiting pedestrian link through the car park. This can be achieved without undue impact on car park function, and would be a ﬁrst step to creating the busy pedestrian area lined with retail tenancies envisaged in the long-term. Collection and Pooling The design provides many opportunities for gathering and meeting. There would be seating and small squares at the cross-locations of lanes and the avenue. Seating would also be located beneath tree groves. Garden beds and seating have been sited and scaled to encourage incidental gathering and meeting.

Two options for seating were developed in more detail next to the blank western façade (facing Horwood Place) of the Roxy Theatre. One, a low-key approach, involves alternating planting with terraces and seating facing the street. The second more dramatic and theatrical solution creates a four metre high stepped ‘bleacher’ terrace facing north. The terrace would connect to a second higher terrace, (providing for future connection into the Roxy) and create a public ‘stage’. Beneath the terraces would be a small café/or bar with colourful lighting, creating a new destination under the red neon sign of the Roxy Theatre.

Church Street Mall JMD Design, Lacoste + Stevenson, Daryl Jackson Robin Dyke, Toko. and Pamela See Church Street Mall is the city centre’s most enduring public space but currently lacks identity, civic character and is perceived by some to be unsafe at certain times of day. The long-term plan is for the mall to become the ﬁrst in a series of interlocking public spaces running across Parramatta Square. The brief asked the team to propose two different options for an immediate short-term makeover/clean up to improve the mall’s appearance, encourage visitation, and events while the construction of Parramatta Square unfolds over the next 10-15 years.

Church Street Mall is a valuable public space that has been incrementally added to without a vision for its role in the city centre’s public life. The space contains some of Parramatta’s oldest civic buildings and monuments, but they are aligned along the previous street’s geometry resulting in a space more suited to walking and moving through than gathering and socialising.

Church Street Mall - Existing

Church Street Mall team

“Church Street Mall suffers the same fate as many Australian city centres; we need a pedestrian area, let’s close a street! This has not achieved a great public space for pedestrians, market stall holders, entertainers, and public art or Council maintenance staff ...”

5. 3.

Historical elements and the site 1. St Johns Church 2. Town Hall 3. Centennial Clock 4. Royal Gates 5.Protected view to church from Church Street

1. 3.

Concept 1 2.

6. 5.

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Legend 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Market lanterns. Pavement artwork activity zone. Ephemeral water feature. Upgraded playground. Church gate. Seating edge. Flower beds. Cinema screen. Lighting. Future light rail.

Proposal 1: The Public Room(s) In this ﬁrst option the dominance of the street geometry is minimised and a new order that is more like a public room is created from a series of smaller spaces. The newly conﬁgured space integrates with the St John’s Church garden and children’s playspace area to create a legible whole that would be able to accommodate a full range of current and future civic, event and social functions.

Three different but related principal spaces terminating the newly created Parramatta Square and Church Street connection to Westﬁeld are proposed. Ŕ a paved market area runs north south Ŕ an upgraded playground and water feature on axis with the northern section of Church Street Ŕ the gardens of St John’s and its forecourt. The paved market area would reinforce the markets as a major and recurrent event. It would be anchored

Macq uarie Stree t

Church Street Mall will become a lively public square and garden area providing a setting for heritage buildings and events and a front door to Parramatta Square.

acqu arie S treet

Concept 1 - Plan

at its northern end by permanent iconic stalls providing colour and shade and serving as â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;lanternsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; at night. New paving would incorporate public art. The permanent market would be augmented with temporary stalls as demand dictates. Performance and cinema would take place at the southern end of the market area. There would be places to sit and watch the world go by. It is a place of activity and vibrancy as people traverse it towards the station and southern retail precinct. Should the light rail eventuate it could also run through this space.

Concept 1

In contrast, the gardens of St Johnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s, including lawns and beds, would continue to be a place of calm and repose for conversation, reading and exercise. Construction hoardings along the southern end of Church Street would be enlivened with public art projections and crazy mirrors to invigorate the mall in the short-term.

Concept 2

Proposal 2: The River Of Activity This second option accepts the strong diagonal street geometry of the mall and utilises it as an organisational device to unify the surrounding areas that symbolically and physically reconcile the opposing forces of history and development. The concept builds upon the ideas of Parramatta Square as a meeting place and Parramatta as the meeting place of salt and fresh water. It sees the river as a conceptual spine with the ability to reconcile the siteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s disparate and sometimes opposing elements. Historical buildings meet new development, farming meets the civic space.

A unifying space would be created that could provide all of the necessary functions of a multicultural civic space. Utilising many of the same features as the ďŹ rst concept, this option also delivers ďŹ&#x201A;exibility to the space, allowing it to be reinvented, night and day through the use of multifunction street furniture and innovative lighting to highlight elements.

SALT CITY CONTROL ORDER CORPORATE FIXED FORMAL ORDER

FRESH AGRICULTURE ORGANIC ADAPTABLE LANDSCAPE DISORDER SOFT FLUID

Concept 2 - Plan

View of proposed screen 82

Night time view

Both concept designs envisage a more cohesive, distinct place with an altered geometry and an improved public domain. Adjacent areas — including the grass and gardens surrounding St John’s and the future Parramatta Square — are embraced in both proposals. A suite of common elements has also been designed to accompany both schemes. The range includes purpose-built stalls and street furniture elements which will help to animate the public realm.

Market as ﬂexible street furniture 83

Clay Cliff Creek Parklands Government Architect’s Office, Parramatta City Council Landscape Architecture, Equatica and Lightwell Clay Cliff Creek Parklands is a proposal for several new neighbourhood parks and the revitalisation of Jubilee Park to form a much needed local recreational focus in ‘Auto Alley’, along Church Street south of the Transport Interchange. The brief asked the team to develop a concept for managing Clay Cliff Creek and designing adjoining parks, both existing and proposed, to assist in revitalising the Auto Alley area.

The team’s approach was complex and multi-layered. The new parklands were designed to accommodate intermittent ﬂooding of Clay Cliff Creek, reduce the ‘heat island’ effect, create a recreational focus and the potential for kitchen gardens while providing urban habitat. They summarised their approach as ‘Urban by Nature,’ addressing the cross-dependencies within the infrastructures of water management, food production and heat islands.

THE THE THEPONDS PONDS PONDS PONDSCREEK CREEK CREEK CREEK THE THE THE PONDS PONDS CREEK CREEK VINEYARD CREEK VINEYARD VINEYARDCREEK CREEK CREEK VINEYARD VINEYARD CREEK VINEYARD CREEK ARCHER ARCHER ARCHERCREEK CREEK CREEK CREEK ARCHER ARCHER ARCHER CREEK

SUBIACOCREEK CREEK CREEK SUBIACO CREEK SUBIACO SUBIACO CREEK SUBIACO CREEK

CHARITY CHARITYCREEK CREEK CREEK CHARITY CHARITY CHARITY CREEK CREEK

CLAY CLAY CLAYCLIFF CLIFF CLIFFCREEK CREEK CREEK CREEK CLAY CLAY CLAY CLIFF CLIFF CREEK CREEK

ABECKETTS ABECKETTS ABECKETTSCREEK CREEK CREEK ABECKETTS ABECKETTS ABECKETTS CREEK

TARBAN TARBAN TARBANCK CK CK CK TARBAN TARBAN TARBAN CK CK

DUCK DUCK DUCKCREEK CREEK CREEK DUCK DUCK DUCK CREEK

DUCK DUCK DUCKRIVER RIVER RIVER

HASLAMS CREEK HASLAMS CREEK CREEK HASLAMSCREEK HASLAMS HASLAMS CREEK CREEK

POWELLS POWELLS POWELLS POWELLS POWELLS POWELLS CREEK CREEK CREEK

SALTWATER SALTWATER SALTWATER CREEK CREEK CREEK

IRON IRON IRONCOVE COVE COVE COVECREEK CREEK CREEK CREEK IRON IRON IRON COVE COVE CREEK CREEK

HAWTHORNE HAWTHORNECANAL CANAL CANAL CANAL HAWTHORNE HAWTHORNE HAWTHORNE CANAL CANAL

Parramatta Riversystem system Parramatta River

Parramatta cityshowing centre river showing river Parramatta CBD and channel and channel

High hydraulic hazard zone High hydraulic hazard zone

Context Plan

Cycle network showing proposed link

Clay Cliff Parklands team

â&#x20AC;&#x153;The park attempts to address three major global challenges: food production, water management and heat island effects while at the same time providing exciting new local experiences.â&#x20AC;?

Clay Cliff Creek Parklands is a proposal for expanding and revitalising Jubilee Park to form a much needed local recreational focus in Auto Alley.

Clay Cliff Parklands - Proposal at Jubilee Park

Detail of proposal at stormwater channel

Clay Cliff Parklands - Plan

The parks have been designed as a series of urban wetlands, which are essentially green spaces, bound by reeds reminiscent of a creek system. Tree-lined avenues would define pedestrian and cycle access and create a positive transition between the adjoining buildings and parks. The existing stormwater channel must be retained to accommodate flooding and a boardwalk has been proposed to better integrate the channel with the park. The boardwalk would include art and seating and would float over the concrete channel and form a main pedestrian spine through the parklands. The revitalised parks would become part of a sequence of existing parklands, including Parramatta Park, Ollie Webb Reserve and the river banks, ringing the city centre. These can be linked together to create a four kilometre green ‘armature’ to assist with cooling and civilising the city centre.

“The parkland loop would establish a new path for pedestrians and cyclists and establish the city centre of Parramatta as a greener, more habitable and better … integrated with its natural surrounds.” Clay Cliff Parklands team This re-imagining of Clay Cliff Creek will contribute to improving the quality of the the city centre’s stormwater and the creek’s urban ecological role; connect the inner city suburbs to the river; strengthen the landscape experience for those approaching the city centre; and offer the opportunity for a larger open space network that would improve pedestrian and cycle links through and around the city centre.

Smith and Station Streets team

â&#x20AC;&#x153;The site has become a disconnected, segmented, underutilised and cluttered environment lacking a commonly understood identity. It has untapped potential that needs to be recognised and revealed.â&#x20AC;?

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Site Context

Analysis - The Disconnect

Analysis - Paradise found

Analysis - The Thread

Smith and Station Streets Nobbs Radford Architects, Carmichael Studios and Suzie Idiens Smith and Station Streets are strongly affected by public transport and paved surfaces and hard building surfaces, resulting in localised heating during summer and excessive run-off during rainstorms.

development. The analysis showed how ongoing interventions had worked to obscure the city centreâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s original terrain.

The brief asked the team to propose green solutions for footpath locations where street trees are precluded due to underground pipes, driveways, street furniture and services.

The design proposal is composed of several elements that could be built independently and join together to create a previously unrecognised â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;green threadâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. Some elements would require major transformation, others are more immediately achievable.

A major strength of the teamâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s approach was the comprehensive analysis of the siteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s historic

The major transformation proposed was to relocate the bus interchange and allow the site to be

Smith and Station Street - Existing

H Æ

CD 86 HJ

transformed into a central new green park adjacent to the station and opposite the Lancer Barracks — to be known as the Hill. The proposal envisages the creation of a stepped green wall and rain gardens along the railway edge in Station Street — the Urban Wetland. The small-scale interventions were for small pocket arbours along Smith Street — described as the Hubbub.

The Hill - Morphology

The Hill - Existing

The Hill - Proposed

The Hill Best described as a place to provide relief from the hectic urban rush, The Hill would connect with the Lancer Barracks across the road. Lining the western edge would be a ﬂoating ‘urban veranda’ allowing visitors and workers to gather and gaze across the street, north towards the river. Within the barracks, ‘Smiths Orchard’ and a market place are proposed to replace the car park and establish a productive forecourt.

The Hill - View looking South

Smith and Station Streets team

“ This natural hilltop, provides a natural vantage point that once offered prospect and sanctuary. Today it is divided, harsh and inaccessible.”

The Urban Wetland - Plan

The Urban Wetland The southern end of the site is the ﬂood prone section of Station Street bounded by the elevated rail line. A new ‘folded’ wall is proposed to clad the rail wall. The wall’s northern facets would transform in response to changing light and climatic conditions. The wall’s southern facets would be green walls that could transform into an urban waterfall during rain events. At the lowest point of the lowlands would be an urban wetland incorporating rain gardens.

The Urban Wetland View to Station Street Wall

The Hubbub

The Hubbub - Detail

Smith and Station Streets will be civilised with seating, shade and rain gardens.

The Hubbub 2

The Hubbub

The Green Thread

The Hubbub proposed for Smith Street includes green meeting places and wi-ﬁ facilities under green shade canopies within activity pods ﬂoating above roadside rain gardens. By providing café spill out spaces, vendor havens and market stalls and stages, a range of spontaneous activation opportunities would become available. Pedestrian and planting zones would be separated to allow the urban desert to ‘bloom’.

Pre-European plant communities that characterised the Parramatta region including River-ﬂat Forest, Cumberland Plain Woodland, Shale/Sandstone Transition Forest, Sydney Sandstone Ridge top Woodland and Sydney Sandstone Gully Forest, would be planted to create the green thread linking these proposals. This would be complemented by the water sensitive urban design ‘blue thread’. “Our desire is to create a blue thread for Smith and Station Streets by integrating a stormwater narrative throughout the site. This is particularly poignant given the sites’ geography and connection to Parramatta River and its environs.” Smith and Station Streets team

The Lanes The Lanes Projects are; 11. Freemasonsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Arms Lane 12. Barrack Lane 13. Erby Park and Lane 13 14. Wentworth Car Park and Lanes 15. Batman Walk

6 Phill ip St

Macqu arie St

1 2

Georg e St

Parra matta City

Ring Rd

8 10

Clay Cliff

Diagram of Lanes Projects

lands Creek Park

Parramatta’s extensive lanes network will be improved to increase ‘fine grain’ access and street level activation. The lanes sites have previously been identified in the Parramatta City Lanes Strategy as being suitable for renewal and activation. Two of these lanes, Barrack and Freemason’s Arms, are older service type lanes mostly addressed by back entrances and providing shared pedestrian and vehicular access along the carriageway. Wentworth, Erby and Batman Lanes are part of networks that were created in the 20th century to provide access to the decked car parks built in the city centre. Batman Lane will eventually be incorporated into the extended Horwood Avenue Civic Link. This project was for an installation that could exist and enliven the lane in the intervening years. The opportunity for Freemason’s Arms Lane was to design a temporary installation or event to allow the adjacent property owners and public to see the lane as an interesting destination instead of a car park, and to encourage adjacent properties to address the lane. The opportunity for Barrack Lane was to make it a popular city centre destination, not just a through route. The project approach for both teams was to identify new activities along the way that could lead to ongoing transformation. The proposed new activation had a strong relationship to existing nearby building uses. The Barrack Lane team took a long-term and interventionist approach suggesting changes to the adjoining buildings that would be possible to deliver as these sites slowly became renewed as part of the developing city centre. They saw the school as an important contributor to lane activation. The Freemason’s Arm’s Lane team approach was based upon a clear mapping and analysis of site opportunities and constraints. The latter identified highly imaginative and practical small-scale interventions that could occur almost immediately and would gradually transform how people perceived the lane and its appearance and role in Parramatta.

The opportunity for Erby Park and Lane 13 was to provide a concept design for the park and adjoining lane that creates a well-used leafy green and activated haven in the city centre. The opportunity for Wentworth Car Park Lanes was to develop a concept for the lanes network and the car park elevations that activates and enhances this part of the city centre. The opportunity for Batman Lane was to propose a short-term makeover incorporating the proposed adjacent bakery to enliven this area and create a fine grain pocket square in the city centre. The Wentworth Car Park and Erby Park and Lanes teams all analysed the relationship between these ‘hidden’ parts of the lanes network and the mainstream city grid and considered opportunities of this ‘second’ city for enriching Parramatta’s city centre. A shared theme of these car park lanes projects was to replan and repave the ground plane to reduce space designed for vehicles to a minimum and increase the available area for pedestrians and more social uses. These projects also shared similar proposals to incorporate a mix of uses into the car park to encourage activation, especially on the roof, through the installation of public stairs. Batman Lane, the smallest of the lanes projects, was also posited as a short-term installation and the team used this brief to develop a proposal for a new seat and pavement with a strong artistic element. The five lanes projects combine to form many approaches for realising the vibrancy of the city centre’s lanes network. Together they show that the ‘lanes’ palette can be more localised and diverse than the more traditional streets and spaces of the ‘first city’ and can introduce a range of elements including; public stairs over several floors; relocatable and foldaway kiosks; pop-up activities and timesharing of spaces and buildings to increase usage and micro businesses that bring life to the city centre 24/7.

Freemason’s Arms Lane - Existing View

Freemason’s Arms Lane Heidi Axelsen, Hugo Moline, Adriano Pupilli Freemason’s Arms Lane is a service lane providing back of house access to retail shops and restaurants along Church Street. The back elevations of these shopfronts provide a diminutive scale and ﬁne grain character to the lane. Despite its physical potential, the lane is currently uninviting to pedestrians due to a domination of parking, garbage collection and servicing needs.

The brief asked the design team to create a temporary installation or event which allowed adjacent property owners and the general public to see Freemason’s Arms Lane as an interesting destination and address rather than a car park. A major strength of the team’s approach was their detailed study of the site, mappings and ‘bespoke’ response. The team mapped out the physical

properties of the site as well as interviewing locals to identify a set of transformative, albeit small-scale, opportunities. The lack of â&#x20AC;&#x153;inexpensive entertainment for young peopleâ&#x20AC;? was clearly iterated within community responses and became a critical driver of this project. Interviews were also undertaken with adjacent building owners in order for the design team to discern temporal opportunities within existing daynight rhythms of use.

The proposal is to develop a staged reinterpretation of the lane through a series of mini projects and events. A staircase theatre, legal street hawking, a pop-up bar in a nook, and collectivised rubbish were key aspects, with each option presenting different opportunities within the scheme. Pivotal to activation of the space is a program of focused and sensitive curation that builds off existing Parramatta city centre cultural events.

PROPOSED USES: PROPOSED USES: VOIDSAS AS OPPORTUNITIES VOIDS OPPORTUNITIES

CURRENT USES: CURRENT USES: ACCESS ACCESS

CURRENT USES: CURRENT USES: PARKING PARKING

PROPOSED USES: TIDAL RYTHYMS

MON.

24.00

TUE.

24.00

WED.

24.00

THU.

24.00

FRI.

24.00

CURRENT USES: CURRENT USES: RUBBISH RUBBISH

PROPOSED USES: PROPOSED USES: VOIDSAS AS OPPORTUNITIES OPPORTUNITIES EXPAND VOIDS OPPORTUNITIES

CURRENT USES: CURRENT USES: TREES VEGETATION

CURRENT USES: CURRENT USES: ALLCURRENT CURRENT USES ALL USES

PROPOSED OCCUPATION: RUBBISH

GARBAGE COOPERATIVE RENTS ONE CAR SPACE FROM CROWN PROPERTY TO CREATE CENTRALISED, SECURE, WASTE DEPOT.

PROPOSED USES: LEGAL STREET HAWKING

Current Uses

Proposed Uses

100

SAT.

24.00

SUN.

24.00

Freemason’s Arms Lane team

“We see the lane as an estuary – it’s a place for the ‘little shrimp’ to grow up before they become the ‘king shrimp’ of Church Street.”

Voids as Opportunities - 1

Voids as Opportunities - 2

Voids as Opportunities - 3

101

O CU AC CONNECTING IN FREEMASONS ARMS LANE TO ONGOING CULTURAL PROGRAMS

SYDNEY SACRED MUSIC FESTIVAL

STRATEGY LAUNCH GARBAGE COLLECTIVE INTRODUCE ‘SIDESHOW’ PLAN LOCAL BUSINESSES

INTRODUCE LANE TO EXISTING FESTIVALS FOR PROGRAMMING

CALL FOR EXPRESSIONS OF INTEREST FOR RESIDENCIES TO ACTIVATE STAIRCASE THEATRE, STABLES BAR, ART WALL, CINEMA

FABRICATE & INSTALL STAIRCASE THEATRE, STABLES BAR, CARTS AND GATEWAYS LAUNCH OCTOBER 2013

INDIVIDUALISED RUBBISH

COLLECTIVISED RUBBISH

(CURRENT APPROACH)

(POTENTIAL APPROACH)

= 9920L of rubbish 23 x 240L 3 x 4500L 4 x 1100L

102

INFORMATION & CULTURAL EXCHANGE

OFF-SITE CULTURAL ACTIVATORS RIVERSIDE THEATRE FORM DANCE MARS HILL CAFE

MILKCRATE THEATRE

9 LIVES PARKOUR

OPERA AUSTRALIA (Western Sydney Community Choirs)

POWERHOUSE YOUTH THEATRE

MISSION AUSTRALIA (soup kitchen/entertainment)

SYDNEY SACRED MUSIC FESTIVAL + SYDNEY FESTIVAL PARRAMATTA + HERITAGE ROSE FESTIVAL + PARRAMASALA + LOY KRATONG FESTIVAL

POP UP PARRAMATTA

2100

PARRAMATTA ARTIST STUDIO

1100

Proposal - Section detail

View of Proposal for the Theatre 103

Freemasonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Arms Lane will undergo a staged reinterpretation to realise its unique potential as a ďŹ ne grain public space through a series of micro projects and sensitively curated cultural events.

104

Freemason’s Arms Lane Proposal

Helen Lochhead

“This scheme reminds me of the kitchen at parties, where all the excitement happens out the back.”

105

Barrack Lane Group of Like-minded Designers (G.O.L.D.) Barrack Lane is a busy pedestrian route located between the Parramatta Transport Interchange and George Street’s commercial zone. It is Parramatta’s oldest existing lane and is a key route in the city centre’s lanes network. The brief asked designers to recognise Barrack Lane’s historic signiﬁcance and realise its potential as a popular city centre destination, rather than a pedestrian through route. The team’s approach was to identify the opportunity for a youth-focused public space offered by the location of Arthur Phillip High School within the lane. Introducing an element of fun into the laneway — through the concept of urban play — builds off this opportunity and is a key feature of the design. 106

Activation by the school is currently limited due to their back-of-house utilisation of lane. The team accordingly focused on a methodology for drawing out this potential through a long-term plan for engagement with the school. This relationship would be the basis for the lane’s youth focus and would assist in activating the lanes’ existing elements. The project recognised the potential of Barrack Lane to become more than just a lane and vehicular servicing point, and developed strategies for the site to transform into an interesting public space within the city centre. The team presented a long-term view of the lane’s development and included options for ﬁve, 10 and 20 year scenarios. The long term scenarios involved expensive land acquisition and major redevelopment of nearby sites.

Barrack Lane -Analysis

The three key themes of the project were: Ŕ Destination: Create a destination rather than a thoroughfare through strengthening of the northern and southern end points of the laneway, providing art installations and cafés to provide anchors of activity. Ŕ History: Acknowledge the lane’s rich history by revealing existing heritage items — including the underground convict drain, cottages and convict barrack’s wall to new audiences. Ŕ Education: Develop the potential of the site as a place for children and teenagers within the city centre through community engagement with Arthur Philip High School. Consider blurring the boundary between the school and the laneway to encourage interaction between the two. Barrack Lane - Existing

107

“As children and young people explore the outside world... They develop detailed knowledge, often intertwining their own identity with that of the places they spend time in. This...relationship...provides an important foundation for seeing children not merely as objects of adults’ care and protection, but rather as citizens with a feeling of ownership and belonging with an active stake in a locality.” E Adams and S Ingham, Changing Places: Children’s participation in environmental

0-5 YEARS: UNVEILING HERITAGE

5-10 YEARS: CREATING DESTINATION

10 - 20 YEARS: COMMUNITY INTEGRATION

“Excitement for the future should be anchored in the security of the past”

“A continuously used public space with its many memories can help anchor one’s sense of personal continuity in a rapidly changing world.”

”By the building up of overlapping memories of individual and shared experience, a place becomes sacred to a community.”

- Demolish substation and activate gravel pit with urban playscape - Open first half of Green Lane - Commence Community Garden

- Develop carpark site through PPP – lower level school and workshops with commercial above - School consolidated along laneway edge - Redevelop sports grounds - Open up cross block links

- Remove a percentage of carparks and replace with bike store and end of trip facilities - Clusters of school demountables - Commence new Green Lane connection - Aquire and remove college building and open up forecourt to heritage cottages

Lynch (1960) in G. Ashworth & J. Tunbridge, The Managing the Heritage City (Oxford: Elsevier Scie

D.Francis & S.Hester, An Invitation to Ethnometh Sage Publications Ltd, 2004)

Section

Plan

108

Barrack Lane will be enlivened by urban play elements and engaging with Arthur Phillip High School.

D - Existing

D - Proposed

H - Existing

H - Proposed

109

Sub Station - Existing

Sub Station - Proposed

Analysis - Plan

Erby Place and Lane 13 DRAW, Tyrrell Studio, Dr L.Stickells and Dr Z.Begg The Erby Place car park was built during the 1980s with vehicular access from Horwood Avenue and a set of narrow lanes running along its northern edge to Phillip Street. The project site focused on an existing pocket park fronting Phillip Street and Lane 13 which wraps the west and southern edges of the car park. Such pocket parks are rare in Parramatta’s city centre and this one does not currently realise its potential due to poor design and amenity and the absence of activation.

110

The brief asked designers to provide a concept design for Erby Place and Lane 13 which converted the existing space into a well-utilised leafy green activated haven within the city centre. A major strength of the team’s approach was to highlight the possibilities offered by an alternate reading of the lanes network as a second-layer to the city centre. This ‘second city’ could have a different set of rules, ambitions and modes of activation to the

ďŹ rst city of main streets and major public spaces. The proposal for the project site begins to explore the potential for Parramattaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s service spaces to become more than sites for storing cars and garbage. It builds on the Parramatta Lanes Strategy, improves the pedestrian network, increases city centre parkland, and provides new areas for activation.

Erby Park - Existing View

111

Erby Place and Lane 13 will become an animated pocket park and community hub.

Erby Park Proposal - View South

The main elements of the proposal are: a reduction in car dominance, improvements to the appearance of the lane, car park and park; and increased opportunities for activation. This will be achieved by: Ĺ&#x201D; a unifying permeable treatment across the lane and park that increases the pedestrian area and recognises the historic signiďŹ cance of the site as the original location of Wycombe House, owned by the laneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s namesake, GT Erby, who was a draper in the 1890s.

112

Rod Simpson,

“This design presents one of the most compelling narratives of Parramatta’s second city.”

The Second City from Phillip Street

Ŕ a new planted public stair which leads from the park to the roof of the car park, integrating the two areas and providing access to a rooftop event space for markets and other community events. Ŕ the installation of a modular amenities block with a generous roof on the top level of the car park to support the new community event space.

Ŕ a community engagement strategy proposed to invite different people to use the roof. Planned gatherings such as a rooftop farmers markets, basketball games or car boot sales are also proposed to encourage community investment in the park.

113

Erby Park Proposal - View East

Erby Park Proposal - Plan 114

Erby Place and Lane 13 Team,

â&#x20AC;&#x153;How can a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;second cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; coexist? It has a second set of rules, a second set of spaces â&#x20AC;&#x201D; provides hints and clues which intervene, interact and â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;infectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; the ďŹ rst city.â&#x20AC;?

Erby Park Proposal - Section 115

Wentworth Car Park Team

“Parramatta has many enticing qualities — an historic urban grid, heritage parklands and river frontage, yet it suffers from a lack of distinctiveness. To escape the urban sameness, the city needs to cultivate distinctive neighbourhoods with special places, diverse facilities, and delightful happenings.”

Wentworth Car Park - Existing

Wentworth Avenue Car Park and Lanes BKK Architects, Glas Urban Design and Landscape Architecture, Electrolight & Renew Australia Wentworth car park is a 1,000 vehicle parking facility located in the southern portion of Parramatta’s city centre. It is a Council owned asset which provides a key service to commuters. The existing lanes network at its perimeter connects northbound to the transport interchange, east to the southern commercial office hub and west to the Church Street eateries. Despite daily pedestrian use, the Wentworth car park lanes network is dominated by vehicular use and does not currently present a desirable image.

116

The brief asked the design team to propose improvements to the lanes’ network and car park elevations to encourage pedestrians use and reinvigorate this part of the city centre. The design approach was to challenge the ‘urban sameness’ that characterises much of Parramatta’s public spaces and streets by drawing out a compelling narrative from the existing ‘mosaic of subcultures’ within Parramatta city centre.

Poor sightlines through site Lack of permeability Poor wayfinding

Poorly defined pedestrian paths Dominant car use

Ride

Back-of-house, service zones address lanes Mixed uses, lack of identity and urban clarity

RIV

RIV FR

LN ETH

EW AL

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PROP RES PUBL OSED ERV E SPAC IC E

LIP

PHIL

ERBY PLAC E ERBY PLAC E

ROBE

LN ARG

SMITH

RN RA

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DAR CY

LITTLE

CHARLES

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building footprint

HW Y

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L AL ND KE

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Wentworth Carpark - Close proximity to intermodal transport hub

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on-grade carpark

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COWPER

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STAT

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BA R RAC K

ST. JO HNS PARK

SMIT

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Laneway network - A Second City

CAM PB

WOO D

EN MAR SD

MAC Q

AIRD

HOR

GEO RG E

WESTE

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BRIS LIN HOUS GTON E

ARGY LE

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HUNT ER

THOM

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Pedestrian networks make for a walkable city of human scale

ELIZAB

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PARRAMATTA PARK

ST ST

SORRELL

MAR SD

PALMER

MARKET

OCON NE

W IL

VICTORIA PRINCE ALFRED PARK

117

Wentworth Car Park and Lanes will realise their potential as a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;slow hubâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; and multimodal transport interchange lined with pedestrian activities and lively shopfronts.

118

Wentworth Car Park and Lanes Proposal - Aerial View

119

THE PROPOSITION A layered approach

Pedestrian/Car shared zone

Laye grou

Layer 1: A shared ground plane

Pedestrian zone

Reconfigure traffic circulation for equity between cars, pedestrians and bikes. Remove short term parking from car park periphery Pedestrianise the East and part of the North lane Provide dedicated cycle lanes with lane resurfacing to articulate ‘slow’ zones

“Slow Hub” programs within the car park

A blank canvas...

The concept for the Wentworth Car Park and Lanes Network is a strategy for a ‘slow hub’ — a multimodal transport interchange that provides an easy transition from car, bus and train into the slower, more experiential modes of walking and cycling. The design limits the space required by vehicles in order to free up parts of the lanes for pedestrian use and improved activation. The north face of the car park and the roof are identiﬁed as key locations for activation, to draw people into and around the lanes network.

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The design for Wentworth Car Park and Lane’s Network is a strategy consisting of a several layers: Ŕ Layer 1: A shared ground plane of consistent surface which changes the priority of the site away from cars towards ‘slow users’. This includes reconﬁgured traffic circulation, prioritisation of pedestrian movement and removal of short-term parking within the lanes. Ŕ Layer 2: An upgraded urban environment and activated ground plane. This includes encouraging

Provid surrou spill in Open North progra Provid the ca

Rooftop Cinema?

Wentworth Car Park Team

“The ‘slow hub’ will make it easier and more enjoyable to move from the car into city life. It will welcome people into an unexpected and memorable urban experience.”

Layer 3: The Roof & Car Park Facade

Layer 2: Activated ground level

A new, highly visible roof use - attract users from the city and the wider Sydney area for a specific activity Animate the facade - provide a new address to broader urban context

Provide incentives to encourage surrounding cafe & restaurant owners to spill into the lanes Open up the ground & first levels of the North façade to provide additional programs - a Slow Hub theme Provide more direct connections between the car park and the surrounding lanes

Rooftop Cinema?

An Urban Park?

A Bar?

existing café and restaurant occupants to spill into the laneways; sculptural intervention; and potential vertical activation of parts of the northern facade, a new external stair, and steps from the ground plane into the basement of the car park connecting into a multi-use facility for commuter cyclists.

Ŕ These three layers will be implemented over time resulting in a gradual transformation of the area. Gradually a strong identity will emerge assisting to create a distinctive neighbourhood within the city centre.

Ŕ Layer 3: A highly visible, sculpturally iconic roof and enticing roof activity. Strategies proposed include a roof top bar, roof top cinema, pop up park, aerial velodrome or play space.

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Batman Walk Team

“Batman Walk presents the challenge of an apparently ordinary lane. The task is to create a work that will extend the cultural aspirations of the city by way of impact, presence and quality.” Batman Lane - Existing View

Batman Lane - Plan

Batman Walk Andrew Burns and Brook Andrew Batman Walk has a sunny north-south orientation and central location, making it an ideal lunchtime retreat. It will eventually be widened and redeveloped to create the Horwood Avenue Civic Link, however in the meantime the lane has the potential to function as a much needed pocket square within the city centre. Council have negotiated to lease the Council owned building to the east of the lane to an artisan baker in order to activate the laneway and attract passersby.

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The brief asked the design team to propose a shortterm renovation for the lane which incorporates the proposed bakery, enlivens the space, and creates a ﬁne grain pocket square in the city centre. The strength of the design approach was to recognise the potential of an everyday element, such as public seating, to become a fun and iconic element. The team’s design built on existing seating precedents

Batman Lane - Proposal Plan

from around the world, together with explorations of geometry and pattern. The seat serves a functional purpose, acts as a drawcard and is used to transform the lane into a popular destination. The artistic seat element envelopes the lane and attracts passersby through the use of strong visual imagery. Bold use of monochromatic colour, geometry and pattern are applied to the ground plane

and ‘folded’ over the solid perimeter edge seating. The geometry of the bench’s form creates a variety of spaces and seating options for café visitors. The uniform material ﬁnish uses optical devices to change in response to pedestrian motion and perspective.

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Batman Lane Existing View looking North

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The short-term proposal for Batman Walk will use a compelling artwork/seat to attract passersby and deďŹ ne a lively pocket square.

Batman Lane ProposedView North

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The Art and Experimental The Art and Experimental Projects are: Lonely Laneways A Place in the Sun A Space for Urban Follies Parra-Net

6 Phill ip St

Macqu arie St

1 2

Georg e St

Parra matta City

Ring Rd

8 10

Clay Cliff

lands Creek Park

Diagram of Potential sites for Blank Canvas Projects

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These four projects invited design teams to identify a previously unrecognised site for an appropriate installation, known as the Blank Canvas projects. The opportunity deﬁned by the brief was for designers and artists to identify and propose a site speciﬁc improvement and/or artwork for a blank wall or group of blank walls that currently make a negative contribution to the city centre. Artists’ played an intrinsic role in most of the Design Parramatta teams. For these projects in particular, the artist’s role was paramount. These projects share an exploratory and experimental theme but are all very different in realisation. Some used the artistic input to encompass the entire space while other projects proposed a more traditional approach of a free standing object. For several, a strong component of interactivity between the use of work and passerby. operated. These projects work with the senses through light and dark, sound, sitting in the sun and/or colour and recognise the possibilities the city centre offers beyond work and home.

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Proposal - View

Artworks for Lonely Laneways Studio Damien Butler The proposal is for a series of sculptural objects placed within disused lanes that change in response to human interaction. The main design approach is to provide an artwork which embodies and reﬂects the character and mood of disused spaces within the city centre. The design proposes a collection of sculptures to be placed in lanes which share the same shape and form

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but respond differently to each environment based on how different objects are placed and interacted with. Each sculpture is technologically hardwired and consists of mirrored aluminium, light diffracting plastic and LED lights. As people approach the sculpture – either incidentally or deliberately – the object alters its ‘mood’, reﬂecting this with a combination of colour and light.

A proposal for a series of sculptures placed within quiet lanes that would respond to people passing by.

AR ART RT WO WORKS O K LOCATIONS - Erby E y Place P c - Batman Batma B a LLane a - Wentworth Wentttwo Laneway

MIRROR ALUMINIUM

LED LIGHTING

1800 mm

LIGHT DIFFRACTION PLASTIC

Studio Damien Butler

“Lonely spheres placed in laneways across Parramatta anxiously pulse their lights to express their loneliness ... not until people choose to enter the laneway and interact with the sphere do they change their state and respond to the attention given.”

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Key

ANATOMY OF SPACE

AGENDA / PRINCIPLES

Distil and intensify the experience of third layer spaces, and promote diversity in their use. 1.

Enveloping, immersive, sensory and/or invites exploration, is dynamic, interactive or participatory

Infrastructure to facilitate activity, platform for exhibition, clever furniture

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Service space

Through space

Gates

Immersive

Light

Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021;

Pixel

Level change

Corner

Beacon / sign

Boundary / wall

Door / window

Thresholds

Collective

Meditation/contemplation Study Coffee Exercise

Sculptural

Side space

Secondary

Individual Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021;

Entry / arrival space

formal

Cinema Bar, cafe Group exercise

Surface

Kinetic

Collective Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021;

Digital record

Sound

informal

Picnic Event Spontaneous dance

Framed view

Gallery

Landscape

Service Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021;

Green

Kitchen, toilet Loading dock, bin enclosure AC / plant

Folded / pop out

Object

Temporary / mobile

Furniture

A Space for Urban Follies Old Eyes New Eyes The â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;meta-strategyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; provides a design framework which enhances the sensory experience of leftover spaces and creates opportunities for new types of activity. The design approach is to develop a whole of city strategy for approaching and improving small-scale, forgotten spaces. The strength of the scheme was its principle-based approach to spatial improvement unencumbered by property boundaries.

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The team developed a series of design interventions that could be applied to enhance the sensory experience of different types of space and which provided a variety of platforms for different types of activation. The interventions focused on the addition of light, sound, landscape and urban furniture. The strategy was tested on a number of demonstration sites which included an alley opposite Bicentennial Square, Macquarie Link, and an art playground.

Existing pedestrian links to be retained

FR AT ER

RE SE

ROBE RTSO N

PHIL ST

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Third layer demonstrated sites

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BA R RAC K

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SMITH

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Potential third layer spaces

ALA LASK A

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Desired new pedestrian links

OCON

ER SID EW AL K

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Desired new lanes

An art framework for enhancing the quiet out of the way spaces focusing on sensory experiences.

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DA VID

BET H

MA TTA

Existing lanes to be retained and enhanced

ELIZA

Key

IN E

PARKES

Old Eyes New Eyes

“We believe that Parramatta’s creative culture is underestimated and hidden.”

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Unamed Alley, Opposite Bicentennial Square - Old Eyes / New Eyes

input

output

‘then and now’ photographs of the old and new of the City

Element 1

viewer Element 2

camera / sensor

central repository system

detect movement / density of people in each location

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phone apps programmed to influence colour output on display screen

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Parranet Mulloway Studio and Ernest Edmonds The design proposal is for an interconnected urban artwork which utilises a network of screens of varying size and location, and an accompanying smart phone ‘app’ to provoke thought and activate negative facades and spaces within the city centre. The design approach is to propose an artistic framework which collects data on different parts of Parramatta (past and present) and redistributes

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it based on a pre-formulated algorithm onto four proposed elements. Multiple levels of public engagement are proposed within the artwork which changes with respect to colour, image and speed and can be interacted with by movement, viewing, and an element of public curating. The four display elements are: 1. three large-scale billboard and LED/LCD screen elements installed in key locations between the

river parraNET 03

future river square

future civic link parraNET 02 future civic square

central node railway

parraNET 01

An artwork proposal made of mounted screens, and an accompanying smart phone ‘app’, using colour and community generated images to animate blank facades and spaces within the city centre.

pop up’s

Mulloway Studio and Ernest Edmonds

“Parranet is a project that explores how large scale, ‘ﬂat’ artistic installations can activate the negative elevations of buildings in Parramatta’s city centre. Through the use of large colour surfaces coupled with historical and real time images activated by sensory technology, Parranet aims to transform parts of the city centre into an urban gallery by arousing cultural curiosity.”

railway and the river. Each installation is equipped with individual cameras and sensors which are networked to a central database. 2. a central display node which acts as the network control point for all installations. The node is a sculptural element located within a publicly-accessible area and will display the ‘network’ of the artwork in real-time on a LED/LCD screen.

way studio + ernest edmonds - september 2012

3. a series of six ‘pop-up’ or temporary short-term screens located within secure, weather protected environments such as shop fronts and arcades. The screens are temporary in nature, can be easily relocated and placed to encourage curiosity and activation. 4. an ‘app’ (for smart phones, tablets or similar devices) that provides a guide to the work, as well as collecting data and illustrating the output.

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REET CH ST CHUR

TOWN HALL CIVIC PLAC E

LIBRARY

DA RC YS TR EE T

A Place in the Sun Push Play The design proposal is for a small-scale intervention which celebrates the simple pleasure of sitting in the sun. The approach adopted by the design team was to analyse the common small-scale components which frequently combine to create great public space. This thinking was applied to Parramattaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s city centre and it was concluded that what was missing was a humble design intervention to better facilitate the simple act of sitting in the sun.

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The proposal is for a strategy which identiďŹ es public space opportunities and provides small-scale design interventions to improve public amenity. The strategy is demonstrated through the creation of a sun-drenched pocket park, located midway along a pedestrian thoroughfare between the transport interchange, a coffee shop and the existing library.

A proposal for a small-scale intervention which celebrates the simple pleasure of sitting in the sun.

Precedent photo

Push Play

“We don’t want to be showy. We don’t want to make big promises for the future. We want to be kind, and speak how we like to be spoken to. We don’t want to be forced into participation. We don’t want to be forced to interact. We don’t want interaction to be novel or kitsch or overt, and we don’t want our interaction to blink or buzz. What we do want is interaction that is real and useful; dare we say functional.” 135

PART 3 /

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STUDENT PROJECTS

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Perspective View - Joanne Munn

Perspective View -Krista McMaster

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Finding the Future in the Exisiting Urban Fabric Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning University of Sydney Rod Simpson Associate Professor, The University of Sydney Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning

The urban design studio at the University of Sydney developed a number of alternative designs for Horwood Avenue; the civic link. In addition to its potential to provide a major link between the rail station and the river, the avenue is at the interface of the concentration of large offices in the east and the highly modified historic subdivision ‘grain’ around Church Street to the west. The character of this ‘middle ground’ is yet to be determined. With its ‘cranked’ alignment, modernist car parking structures, and tendency to branch off to other smaller random spaces occupied by small business ventures, it can also be seen as the location of two distinct and misaligned urban processes; the planned and the unplanned. There is always a tension between top-down planning that conceives of the city at a metropolitan scale and then attempts to define a role, capacity and function for parts within it ‘Parramatta as Sydney’s second CBD’, and the existing fabric of the place and the patterns of activity that are constantly emerging from individuals’ actions, investments and entrepreneurship. The Design Parramatta process, even at this early stage needs to be recognised as a clear attempt to reconcile these tensions, and to develop an approach and methodology that is able to mediate between the macro and micro. We are all too familiar with the excessive zeal of top-down planning of the 1960’s that would have cut multi-lane motor-swathes through the city and erased the Rocks, Woolloomooloo, Kings Cross and much of North Sydney in the name of efficiency and renewal. But although we have introduced and embedded heritage as a consideration in response to these ravages, by identifying particular items, curtilages or even physical patterns of urban form as being of heritage significance, this is essentially a static, reactive, backward looking approach based on an understandable sense of distrust.

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There is no question that heritage should be recognised and preserved, but that is not enough: culture and urbanity are dynamic and occupy places that mostly do not have any particular heritage, high cultural or aesthetic value, but that does not mean they are worthless, or that their potential should not be a principal focus of planning and design. We also forget that the resistance to the top-down approach was also socially motivated, with the ‘green bans’ in the Rocks being as much concerned with the retention of affordable housing and defence of tenants as with heritage preservation. Authenticity comes from places having many authors, not just physical preservation. Heritage alone does not provide the basis for discussing how we want places to be in the future. To do that we need to look at the qualities of place and the activities and seek out the potential of the places. In other words, Design Parramatta in order to Imagine Parramatta!

DESIGN PARRAMATTA AS AN INTERMEDIARY PROCESS Although Design Parramatta duly acknowledges the City of Sydney ‘City Spaces’ project as a precedent, it differs in a number of important respects: Parramatta’s city centre is smaller. This means that rather than a scattering of projects that could improve the City of Sydney, the combined Design Parramatta projects have the potential to provide a comprehensive framework that is linked up. Parramatta’s city centre is ‘grittier’. Sydney was already in pretty good shape and the ‘City Spaces’ project could be seen as further embellishment. We forget that the Rocks and Woolloomooloo were also ‘gritty’ in the early 70’s, and it took imagination to see their potential and the value of what was already there, and perhaps as importantly, manage to keep some of the authenticity, which is still a ‘tension’ in the Rocks. Parramatta’s city centre is more open to intervention. This because it is not as capitalised or built-up as Sydney was in the 1990’s. This should mean that new connections and re-conﬁguration of the city centre could be made more easily and at lower cost than Sydney, facilitated by the extensive publicly owned land in the centre: the car parks and lanes.

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Parramatta’s city centre has lower density and more intimate scale than Sydney and the potential for intriguing juxtapositions of scale, age and building typologies should be recognised as a unique potential, while not allowing any one type to dominate; there is nothing inherently wrong with having two storeys next to 65 storeys. Most importantly, the process suggests that it possible to use urban design, the deﬁnition and formulation of ideas for the public domain as a way of revealing, illuminating and articulating the potential of what already exists in the city centre, (both fabric and activities), in relation to major redevelopment proposals that might be seen as ‘top-down’. Having articulated these values, the challenges for designers then becomes how to reconcile these different scales; how do large buildings come down to ground and interact and mesh with surrounding activities?

FINAL COMMENT ON PROCESS The innovation in the approach lies in the valuing of both what exists and its potential using design as an exploratory, explanatory and structuring process. Major urban renewal projects often see existing fabric and activities as a major impediments, both physical in terms of development capacity, and in relation to ‘market perceptions’ that suggest places need to be ‘cleaned-up’ and re-branded. The challenge and potential for Parramatta’s city centre may be to question these assumptions, and develop new approaches that are unique, speciﬁc and consequently; ‘world class’ urban design.

PROPOSITIONS The idea that the ‘ﬁrst city’ grid of rectilinear streets with consistent street frontages, could be complemented and contrasted with a ‘second city’ of lanes and irregular diverse spaces that already exist within the large street blocks emerged as a recurrent theme from both the professional and student schemes. The more detailed exploration of Horwood Avenue by the urban design studio showed that this theme could be developed in a number of ways.

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Horwood Place/Avenue

Four blocks

Daniel Sharp

1. Parramatta Square block: Public buildings set in a sequence of a generous link to station under buildings, commercial buildings focused to the east.

Sharp proposes the modiﬁcation and adaptation of existing structures en route to the river where the articulation of landform into promontory and embayment provides both vistas and containment.

2. Roxy block: Horwood Place as a central unifying space with minor spaces pooling off the place, a temporal shared way.

Horwood Place/Avenue is a minor street in the grid geometry and, the diagram above shows it in relation to the ‘second city’ that exists in the midblocks of the main city grid.

3. Erby block: Horwood Place as a minor street, linear pedestrian link to courtyards, sets up clear view towards river

Working with the existing structures: modiﬁcation and adaptation may be the way forward.

4. River block: Willow House as upper promontory park with a terraced link to the lower riverside park, cut in to create large lower park.

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Public domain as the venue for individual and programed activity.

Horwood Place/Urban Playground

Main Principles

Joanne Mun

1. Realign Horwood Link: a well-connected northsouth approach from transport interchange to the river through pedestrian ways, shareways and service lanes.

Mun takes advantage of the lack of preciousness about what happens in the centre of the block to propose a programed urban playground. Parramattaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s city centre will be as busy on the weekends as midweek, while office workers may also be drawn to the water park midsummer.

2. Built forms to make way for Horwood Link: subtracting/adding/multiplying/subdividing potential new sites for future developments. 3. New spaces within each block: allocating new parks/ squares/urban spaces to encourage social activities. 4. Life on Street: creating opportunities to bring life back onto the street with street furniture, intimate parks, art installations, active retail frontages and opportunity for events and fairs along Horwood Link.

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Horwood Link Mike Harris Harrisâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; proposal sees the Horwood Link as a variegated spine changing in scale, enclosure and character. These spaces a supplemented and linked to smaller courts to the west.

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Urban Parramatta contains inherent strengths in both form and space. A range of buildings, such as the Victorian Town Hall to the elegant Modernist library to the contemporary glass Deloitte tower, exhibit the historic urban layering. These forms are embedded in a diverse network of pedestrian connections and spaces that the people of Parramatta know and inhabit. Understanding these qualities of urban Parramatta, organically grown over more than a century, and carefully integrating contemporary interventions will build on the existing richness and embody the urban identity of Parramatta.

Proposal Description

Horwood Link Ghazal Zolghadr Zolghadr envisages a series of green mid-block oases; residential, education and civic, providing verdant respite from the hard surfaces of the main streets and leading to an extensive intense river park, active day and night.

Parramatta’s city centre vision: To no longer be just a combination of oversize parking buildings, blank facades and back lanes. It will be an integrated network of open spaces connected by walking and cycling through green and active footpaths. A place for people, with buildings that open out to the streets and engage people. There will be cafés, outdoor dining, shopping, entertainment, places where people can linger, sit, have a coffee and connect. The public realm will culminate at the river, linked to the water with a focus on activities, sports, cafés, restaurants and green space. Parramatta’s city centre will be a safe, vibrant place for cultural activities, street theatre, ﬁne views and interesting facades. It will be a lively, diverse and safe place for people to move around in and create beautiful memories. 145

Horwood Alignment Krista McMaster McMaster sees the Horwood alignment as a highdensity pedestrian spine of commercial office premises on both sides. Although there will be some signiﬁcant overshadowing of the spine itself, solar access will be preserved in mid-block open spaces by lower scale development to the west. In addition, the shaded spine will be pleasant midsummer and the idea is to have people moving through and using the whole city centre; a realistic objective given the relatively intimate scale.

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Reinforce Church Street as the main pedestrian spine Ŕ encourage movement between the civic core, riverfront, theatre and station Ŕ public domain is already of a high standard Ŕ create a new civic core which interacts with the Church Street spine and promote development of Horwood Place as the commercial/mixed use city spine Ŕ provision for high density Ŕ create links with Church Street Ŕ residential/mixed use function to waterfront The common monotony of commercial office precincts is avoided by the retention of heritage buildings and the unexpected on the Horwood alignment adjacent to other more intimate spaces as well as the nearby active strip of Church Street.

The growth in population of residential and workers should make the smaller lanes viable (left) and reduce the concentration on Church Street which would still retain its vitality

Additional ﬁne grain mid-block subdivisions

The Soft Centre Christiane Whiteley Whiteley argues the need for a doubling of active frontage by utilising the inside of blocks —‘the soft centre’ — as well as the need for a signiﬁcant increase in ways to move through and around the city centre with the possible tripling of the total number of people living and working in the centre.

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PART 4 /

PARR CITY PUBLIC FRAM P 148

RRAMATTA TY CENTRE C DOMAIN AMEWORK PLAN 2012 149

Dr Robert Lang Chief Executive Officer Parramatta City Council

“ ...we need to get the design right, we need to think carefully about the small scale, the human scale, the ﬁne grain. This is as much about the big picture of what building and what architecture can bring to us.” PUBLIC INTERVIEW

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Parramatta City Centre Public Domain Framework Plan 2012 Design Parramatta has provided a new focus for Parramatta City’s program of urban renewal. The concept designs generated present the City with the opportunity to embark on 15 strategic public domain projects and combined with existing strategies, further contribute to revitalising the city centre as a whole. Together, the proposed interventions have the potential to improve both the physical fabric of the city centre and the ways in which it can be used by the community. The Parramatta City Centre Public Domain Framework Plan 2012 is a new plan that has been generated as a result of the Design Parramatta initiative. It combines the Design Parramatta projects, with ongoing public domain projects to provide a uniﬁed framework to guide the renewal of the Parramatta city centre public domain for the next 16 years. Key elements of the plan include: Ŕ incorporation of the proposals and strategies identiﬁed for the each of the streets, lanes, public spaces and parks included in the Design Parramatta initiative; Ŕ activation projects for short term improvements and seasonal events including new kiosks and shelters; Ŕ continued upgrade of city streets including new pavement, street furniture and street trees in accordance with the Parramatta Public Domain Guidelines and the Parramatta Street Tree Masterplan; Ŕ continued upgrade of city lanes as described in the Parramatta City Centre Lanes Strategy and the Parramatta Public Domain Guidelines; Ŕ continued integration of public art into public domain upgrades either as individual commissioned elements and/or through embedding of the artistic approach into design responses and detailing; and Ŕ additional strategic projects including Parramatta Square, a future civic space for the city centre; the upgrade of Church Street in addition to Project 8, Church Street Mall, and the upgrade of the entire City Foreshore Area.

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PARRAMATTA CITY CENTRE PUBLIC DOMAIN FRAMEWORK PLAN 2012

Sheila hand drawn Plan

George Street will be reinstated as Parramattaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pre-eminent civic street.

Macquarie Street will become a tree-lined transit boulevard.

Phillip S River Sq

A Place in the Sun An invitation to celebrate sitting in the sun.

Macq uarie St

Parranet Artworks to activate blank walls with colour and images.

15 8

Street Church

A Space For Urban Follies A framework for artistic installations focusing on sensory experience.

rklands Creek Pa Clay Cliff

Artworks For Lonely Laneways A series of sculptural objects which respond to people

Batman Walk will become a lively pocket square with artwork seat.

Wentworth Car Park and Lanes will become an activated multi-modal transport interchange.

Erby Place and Lane 13 will become an animated pocket park and community hub.

Barrack and eng

nsit

Phillip Street will become an event promenade linking River Square, Parramatta Stadium and the wharf.

Parramatta City Ring Road will become a distinct city entrance.

River Square will become a grand event square drawing people to the river.

Charles Street Square will activate Parramatta wharf and the riverâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s edge.

ted

6 Philli p St

7 1 15

Georg e St

Horwood Avenue Civic Link will connect major spaces and streets.

12 Parra matta City Ring Rd

8 10

Street Church

14 Church Street Mall will be a lively public square with gardens.

Clay Cliff Creek Parklands will expand Jubilee Park into a natural green recreational haven.

Barrack Lane will be enlivened by urban play elements and engaging with Arthur Phillip High School.

Freemasonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Arms Lane will become a focus for local culture.

Smith and Station Streets will be civilised with seating, shade and rain gardens.

GLOBALLY CONNECTED RAPIDLY EVOLVING

YOUNG 35.2% OF PEOPLE ARE AGED

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OF PEOPLE (CBD) BORN OVERSEAS

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85.9%

OF BUSINESSES HAVE 1-4 EMPLOYEES) 5

MULTICULTURAL

84%

SPEAK ENGLISH + ANOTHER LANGUAGE

LGA IN SYDNEY (2010)

Parramatta’s Population

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT AND ACTIVATION Community use is central to improving Parramatta city centre’s public domain. Activation can be encouraged in a variety of ways including both short-term targeted events and longer term design improvements. While a short-term event can be used either as a quick ﬁx or to test different approaches; design improvements generally focus on redressing the physical barriers which inhibit activation. Often the two strategies are best used together, with designers engaged to ameliorate spatial issues, which can then be overlaid with targeted events. Meaningful involvement and engagement of the local community is critical to ensuring ongoing use of the city centre’s public domain. Many of the Design Parramatta teams engaged with the local community and their ﬁndings helped shape the designer’s response. The Parramatta Ring Road, Church Street Mall, Clay Cliff Creek Parklands, Freemason’s Arms Lane, Wentworth Carpark Lanes Network, Erby Park and Lane 13 and Phillip Street projects each include proposals for further community engagement as part of design development.

THE NEXT STEPS Consultation A rigorous consultation process would form the immediate next step for further development of all the Design Parramatta projects. The concept proposals for the individual sites have been well illustrated and modelled,

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providing an excellent platform for further engagement of Council and the community. Additional mediums such as the Design Parramatta website and the Design Parramatta ﬁlm will also help in broadcasting these ideas by increasing the ease with which the community can engage with both project and the process of revitalising the public spaces of their city centre. Prioritisation Plan Council will develop a 16 year plan to select and develop preferred public domain projects from the Parramatta City Centre Public Domain Framework Plan 2012 and apportion funding. The prioritisation plan will run on four year cycles and be reviewed every 4 years to align with Council’s Delivery Program. Once a project has been scheduled for further work the following steps are involved: Ŕ consultation with the Community, Councillors and relevant technical experts; Ŕ design Development leading to an approved project plan; Ŕ design Documentation resulting in detailed technical plans and speciﬁcations; Ŕ tendering of the works; Ŕ construction; and Ŕ ongoing management and maintenance of the places. Consultation, design and technical expertise will be necessary components of all these stages. The Parramatta Public Domain Framework Plan 2012 will enable Council to undertake a coordinated approach to the upgrade and revitalisation of the city centre’s public domain in partnership with Government bodies, the private sector and the community.

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CREDITS

157

Teams TEAMS

Firm / Organisation

Individuals

Project Team

Parramatta City Council – Urban Design Unit

Kati Westlake

Parramatta City Council – Place Services

Steve Ellis

Parramatta City Council – Urban Design Unit

Andrew Tam

Government Architect’s Office

Callantha Brigham

Government Architect’s Office

Helen Lochhead

Workshop Team

Workshop Panelists

Government Architect’s Office

Marietta Buikema

Parramatta City Council – Urban Design Unit

Penny Bowen

Parramatta City Council – Place Services

Robyn Hobbs

Parramatta City Council – Place Services

Angie Paravalos

Parramatta City Council – Place Services

Anthony Budini

Parramatta City Council – Place Services

Anthony Milward

Parramatta City Council – Place Services

Bruce Mills

Parramatta City Council – Place Services

Eleni McRae

Parramatta City Council – Place Services

Geoff Weston

Parramatta City Council – Place Services

Sandra DaSilva

Parramatta City Council – Place Services

Neile Robinson

Parramatta City Council – Place Services

Wendy Read

Parramatta City Council

Kati Westlake

Government Architect’s Office

Helen Lochhead

Government Architect’s Office

Peter Poulet

University of New South Wales

James Weirick

University of Sydney

Rod Simpson

Graphic Design - website

Doppio

Sinead McDevitt

Doppio

Ali Ozden

Film Crew

Director / Producer

Carli Leimbach

Camera Operator / Editor

Shaun Dougherty

Editor

Cris Balmaceda Errazuriz

Sound

Eren ‘Pinky’ Sener

Project Control Group

158

Sound

Sam Ada

Parramatta City Council

Sue Weatherley

Parramatta City Council

Scott Gregg

Parramatta City Council

Robyn Hobbs

Parramatta City Council

Geoff King

Parramatta City Council

David Gray

Parramatta City Council

Richard Searle

Parramatta City Council

Amitabha Choudhury

Parramatta City Council

Peter Lichaa

Parramatta City Council

Jim Stefan

Parramatta City Council

Andy Ling

Parramatta City Council

Mark Leotta

Parramatta City Council

James Smallhorn

Parramatta City Council

Kim Foskett

TEAMS

Firm / Organisation

Individuals

Parramatta City Council

Adam Cook

Parramatta City Council

Rebecca Grasso

Parramatta City Council

Solaire Eggert

Parramatta City Council

Vanessa Pilla

Parramatta City Council

Jennifer Concato

Parramatta City Council

Helen Papathanasiou

Parramatta City Council

Alison McDonagh

Parramatta City Council

Michelle Desailly

Parramatta City Council

Sophia Kouyoumdjian

G.O.L.D. (Group of Like Minded Designers)

Rebecca Caldwell

G.O.L.D. (Group of Like Minded Designers)

Ash Every

G.O.L.D. (Group of Like Minded Designers)

Regina Kaluzny

G.O.L.D. (Group of Like Minded Designers)

Tersius Maass

G.O.L.D. (Group of Like Minded Designers)

Phillip Nielsen

G.O.L.D. (Group of Like Minded Designers)

Katie Oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Brien

Andrew Burns Architect

Andrew Burns

Artist

Brook Andrew

Push Play

Nuala Collins

Push Play

Kelly Doley

Push Play

Nadia Wagner

Push Play

Charlotte Karlsson

Mulloway Studio

Anthony Coupe

Mulloway Studio

Esther Chew

Mulloway Studio

James Baker

Artist

Ernest Edmonds

Blank Canvas C

Studio Damien Butler

Damien Butler

Blank Canvas D

Old Eyes / New Eyes

Nikki Butlin

Old Eyes / New Eyes

Asha Tsimeris

Old Eyes / New Eyes

Patrick Stein

Old Eyes / New Eyes

Louie Lester Yao

Old Eyes / New Eyes

Janet Thomson

Old Eyes / New Eyes

Ann Cleary

Old Eyes / New Eyes

Robert Thorne

Context Landscape Design

Oi Choong

Zoe Spiegel

CM+

Richard Nugent

Urban Art Projects

Daniel Tobin

Heritage Advisor

Craig Burton

Barrack Lane

Batman Walk

Blank Canvas A

Blank Canvas B

Charles Street Square

159

TEAMS

FIRM / ORGANISATION

INDIVIDUALS

Church Street Mall -

JMD Design

Anton James

Lacoste + Stevenson Architects

Thierry Lacoste

Lacoste + Stevenson Architects

David Stevenson

Daryl Jackson Robin Dyke

Emma Howarth

Short Term Project

Clay Cliff Creek Parklands

Erby Park and Lane 13

Toko. Concept. Design.

Michael Lugmayr

Toko. Concept. Design.

Eva Dijkstra

Artist

Pamela See

GAO Landscape Architecture

Barbara Schaffer

GAO Landscape Architecture

Luke Wistencroft

Parramatta City Council Landscape Architecture

Kim Foskett

Parramatta City Council Landscape Architecture

Adam Cook

Parramatta City Council Landscape Architecture

Alastair Hickey

Parramatta City Council Landscape Architecture

John Graham

Equatica

Alexa McAuley

Lightwell

Michael Hill

DRAW

Adam Russell

DRAW

Imogene Tudor

DRAW

Edward Rosier

Tyrrellstudio

Mark Tyrrell

Tyrrellstudio

Dan Sharp Dr Lee Stickells Dr Zanny Begg

Freemasonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Arms Lane

George Street

Horwood Avenue

The Lot

Adriano Pupilli

The Lot

Heidi Axelsen

The Lot

Hugo Moline

Hill Thalis Architecture + Urban Projects

Philip Thalis

Hill Thalis Architecture + Urban Projects

Sheila Tawalo

Hill Thalis Architecture + Urban Projects

Alex Rink

Jane Irwin Landscape Architecture

Jane Irwin

Jane Irwin Landscape Architecture

Linden Crane

Jane Irwin Landscape Architecture

Sam Westlake

Turpin + Crawford Studio

Jennifer Turpin

Turpin + Crawford Studio

Michaelie Crawford

Gallagher Ridenour Urban & Landscape Projects

Libby Gallagher

Gallagher Ridenour Urban & Landscape Projects

Deena Ridenour

Civic Link

160

Gallagher Ridenour Urban & Landscape Projects

Jane Nalder

Redshift Architecture & Art

Angelo Konrsanos

Redshift Architecture & Art

Michael Lewarne

Redshift Architecture & Art

Wesley Grunsell

Equatica

Richard McManus

TEAMS

Macquarie Street

Parramatta City Ring Road

Phillip Street

FIRM / ORGANISATION

INDIVIDUALS

Cox Richardson Architects and Planners

John Richardson

Cox Richardson Architects and Planners

Ian Connolly

Cox Richardson Architects and Planners

Joe Rowling

Cox Richardson Architects and Planners

Shirin Adorbehi

Oculus

Roger Jasprizza

Oculus

Simon Bond

Parsons Brinkerhoff

Scott Ney

TERROIR

Gerard Reinmuth

TERROIR

Scott Balmforth

TERROIR

Teneil van Dyck

TERROIR

Malina Brueckner

ASPECT Studios

Sacha Coles

ASPECT Studios

Orit Meylakh

u.lab, University of Technology Sydney

Dr Joanne Jakovich

u.lab, University of Technology Sydney

Dr Jochen Schweitzer

u.lab, University of Technology Sydney

Vida Asrina

Richard Goodwin Pty Ltd

Professor Richard Goodwin

Richard Goodwin Pty Ltd

Samaneh MoaďŹ

HASSELL

Ken Maher Matthew Pullinger David Tickle Sarah Meyer Felicity Stewart Anton Grimes

River Square

Smith and Station Streets

JAAA

Jeppe Aagaard Andersen

Environmental Partnership

Adam Hunter

Turf Design Studio

Mike Horne

Roberts Day

Stephen Moore

Equatica

Alexa McAuley

Electrolight

Don Salisbury

Nobbs Radford Architects

Alison Nobbs

Greening

Wentworth Car Park

Nobbs Radford Architects

Sean Radford

Nobbs Radford Architects

Cecile Marguin

Carmichael Studios

Rupert Carmichael

Artist

Suzie Idiens

BKK Architects

Tim Black

BKK Architects

George Huon

Glas Urban Design & Landscape Architecture

Mark Gillingham

Renew Australia

Marcus Westbury

Electrolight

Paul Beale Peter Emmett

161

References NAME

PAGE

ATTRIBUTE

Project sites

p14

Parramatta City Council

Urban design analysis

p18

Parramatta City Council

Photo from Design Parramatta Workshops

p21-27

Parramatta City Council

Design Parramatta Plan

p30

Parramatta City Council and Doppio Design

Main Streets Diagram

p32

Parramatta City Council /Doppio Design/

George Street Analysis and Proposal Images

p34-39

Series 2012-10-21 Parramatta City Council

Government Architetct’s Office George Street Project Team

Macquarie Street Analysis and Proposal Images

p40-45

Macquarie Street Project Team

Phillip Street Analysis and Proposal Images

p46-49

Phillip Street Project Team

Parramatta City Ring Road Analysis and Proposal Images

p50-55

Parramatta City Ring Road Project Team

Public Space and Parks Projects Diagram

p56

Parramatta City Council /Doppio Design/

River Square Analysis and Proposal Images

p58-63

River Square Project Team

Charles Street Square Analysis and Proposal Images

p64-69

Charles Street Project Team

Horwood Avenue Civic Link Analysis and Proposal Images

p70-75

Horwood Avenue Civic Link Project Team

Church Street Mall

p76-83

Church Street Project Team

Government Architect’s Office

Analysis and Proposal Images Clay Cliff Creek Parklands Analysis and Proposal Images

p84-89

Clay Cliff Creek Parklands Project Team

Smith and Station Streets Analysis and Proposal Images

p90-95

Smith and Station Streets Project Team

Lanes Projects Diagram

p96

Parramatta City Council /Doppio Design/

Freemason’s Arms Lane

p98-105

Freemason’s Arms Lane Project Team

Barrack Lane

p106-109

Barrack Lane Project Team

Erby Place and Lane 13

p110-115

Erby Place and Lane 13 Project Team

Wentworth Car Park and Lanes

p116-121

Wentworth Car Park and Lanes Project Team

Batman Walk

p122-125

Batman Walk Project Team

Art and Experimental Projects Diagram

p126

Parramatta City Council /Doppio Design/

Lonely Laneways

p128-129

A Space for Urban Follies

p130-131

A Space for Urban Follies Project Team

Parra-net

p132-133

Parra-net Project Team

Government Architect’s Office

Government Architect’s Office Lonely Laneways Project Team

A Place in the Sun

p134-135

Push Play Project Team

Student Projects

P138-147

University of Sydney Urban Design Studio 2012

Parramatta City Centre Public Domain Framework Plan 2012

p152-153

Parramatta City Council/Doppio Design/ Government Architect’s Office and all project teams

Parramatta’s Population Cover front and back

162

p154

HASSELL Parramatta City Council

163

166