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paale33 $3aei Douglas Alder a • By LEE LESTER •

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A Toronto house allegedly contained what investigators believe was one of the biggest pirate bulletin board systems in North America.

Documents filed in the Federal Court of Canada by the Canadian Alliance against Software Theft and the Washington4sased p A~ ~c. .. c~;, Business Software,after the house on Rhodes Ave. was raided, claim that among the copied programs distributed by the Beyond Akira BBS was an unreleased beta , "";aalIm': ~ ~ ";,;~ .~ Bat e ; , version of Mi crosoft's Windows NT Workstation 4.0 and its Return of Arcade game, Three Amiga 2 000 c o mputers, 14 modems, and an IBM computer linked to a CD-ROM copying machine are alleged to have been found in a spare bedroom and seized in the raid.

One of the board operatorsis said to have created and sold (for only $70) a compilation CD-ROM containing copiesof Delrtna "'"-'mee t-'toy'<rat~ Commsuite 95; Microsoft'sAccess, Excel, P lus!, PowerPoint, Word, Works f or :.Cilia'a~.;Iitemiaet-',~~ :~ ~ ~ '; ape)::d M~~ ; : ~ ; : Windous 95, Project 4.1, and Publisher Ithe'+ ~ ~ '.; @i'",V' I~-:::W~ ~ 't; ,4f ~ ': : 4 l@8~3ctpaajslk~i 3.0, Symantec's IVorton U tilities for Windows95, and Windows 95 itself.

I;et,,'.oglmteaptm.. ae oeaomef.:tlac':~ + th "This case is a critical example of the soft,

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Oitttrileahtldpa e TomMaytut j"': j " x'fiiNpaa aletm:,'3(eiil':lsijiA.:Cheti, 0 oing,:

"It is becoming increasingly apparent that the fine line between bulletin4oard piracy and Internet piracy is slowly eroding."

A CAAST lawsuit seeks $100,000 punitive damages, restraining injunctions, details of profits, and interest and costs. Named as defendants are brothers Humzah and Zayd Khaial and their mother Khadjia, who is said to be in Egypt.

Humzah is alleged to have called himself Pharaoh while acting as the board's systems operator. Investigators claiin users were asked for $30 donations, which gave them 60 minutes online and unlimited downloads per day The board is said to have been linked to 13 other nodes, 2 of which were connected to the Internet.

It was penetrated by Microsoft investigators and private detectives after a tipaff from a Toronto informant. Evidence was also obtained from the Federal Bureau of Investigation. +

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Aaaoaeaceaa eeaats: pressteleasestPtcp.ca Neltt Isaaae: 5ettitig up your SGHQ Ail,:dmm mllliae: Tuesday,October 1; .

13@eiieaatlaaa: Friday October 11 Thefull text of CanadaComputesl is available to readonline at:;."'"„., http: //www.caaadacoaaputes.corn/ .

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Conver in • communica tions • • By CHRISTOPHER CULY •• y late 1997, Canadian consumers will be able to use their telephone lines to watch television or movies, and use their cable-TV lines to hook up to the Net or place a call.

This convergence of c o mmunications technologies is the result of the federal cabinet's early August decision to allow cableTV and phone companies tocompete in each other's markets.

"The object of the exercise is to produce choice, to produce technological innovation, as well as to bring about lower prices for consumers," said Industry Minister John Manley shortly a fter t h e g o vernment's announcement.

Unquestionably, choice is what Canadians will get. Already, some of th e c ountry' s I:irgest telephone utnities, including Bell, are examining the viability of bundling services into consumer packages that would include phone service, Net l i nks, and video-ondemand.

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Meanwhile, cable-TV companies are experimenting with sending video along copper telephone lines, and moving from one-way analogue service to twoway digital, high-resolution offerings. To achieve their competitive goals, both communications giants need not look very far in finding a technological helping hand.

Several Canadian high-tech companies are already developing and marketing complete cable-phone p a ckages. Fo r i n s tance, Northern Telecom Ltd, sell networks to phone and cable companies in the United States and Britain. And both Newbridge Networks Corp. and SHL Systemhouse Inc. design high-speed networks used to transmit voice, data and video signals.

OLICIlt However, despite the availability and capability of convergence technology, the indus. tries involved admit consumers will initially pay hefty bills to adapt their traditional services. Before you get to watch television through your phone line, you might have to pay S1,000 to accommodate video-ondemand service. Similarly, to equip your cable-TV line with phone-Net service, you might have to pay S500.

Nevertheless, the major players in this intensely competitive commtinications garne are out there practising. Bell is currently awaiting a gcvahead from the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission to begin testing their 20&channel, videoondemand service next March in L ondon, Ontario, and Repentigny, Quebec. +

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New certification course forWeb masters • • By PAUL LIMA• Novell Inc. has expanded its worldwide programs for certified technical-support professionals to include a new series of courses on the Internet and intranets (Internet-style means of communication used within corporations), Novell has approximately 70 per cent market share of the network market and its Certified Network E ngineering and Administration (CNE/CNA) programs are de facto industry net-

weeks. The sale closed Sept. 5 at 9:30 am.

Financial details of the transaction were not disclosed.

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work tniining standards.

The owners of the more than 3.5 million Novell networks hav«already invested in 90 per cent ofthe software infrastructure needed for intranet capability.And the intranet is touted by some as the next big thing in corporate communications.

The I"net (Inter and intranet, as coined by PC

Week) will alter the basic fabric of organizational life, says Robert Fabian, principal, GSA Consulting Group. "Formerly, the social and technical contexts determined the meaning of work. Today, the information context is a third determining factor. And that context is of the essence of computing and communications."

The Novell Internet Manager certification program prepares those commonly referred to as Web masters to manage the overall technical project uf running an Internet or intranet site.

Sample job tasks covered in the certification program include providing support, managing security, performing capacity planning, and installing client/server applications for the site, as well as HTML tasks such as reading/writing HTML and converting documents to HTMLThe Novell Ini«met Manager consists of six courses and five examinations.

"Th» Novell Internet Manager certification will be to the Internet/intranet what the Novell Authorized CNE is to business LANs and WANs," says Carolyn G, Rose, senior vice president and generalmanager of Noven Education.

Four of the courses are available through Novell Authorized Education Centres (NAECs) and additional courses are scheduled to be avaihble in the fall. Novell's expects many of its existing base of 400,000-plus certified individuals will g r avitate t o t h e I n t e rnet/intranet advanced certification prognms.

imagi.net buys out

Internet Express

• • By IIM CHOW•

•

Uancouvcr-based Internet service provider (ISP), imagi.net Communication Group Inc., has acquired all the assets of West Coast Internet Express, another Yancouver-based ISB The buyout was the second ISP purchase for imagi.net which also acquired Net Nation internet.

Mike Coderre, president of imagi.net, said the clients of Internet Express will get better value for their money. They1l get more hours online for the same money. The pipe on imagi.net is a IOMbps bi~ c t i onal backbone, the equivalent of 7 TI lines in bandwidth available. imagi.net offers 24 hour tech support for Macintosh, Windows 3.1 and Windows 95 operating systems.Coderre says he offers true Mac support.

"The Mac guy is a true Mac user, not some DOS guy with a bit of Mac experience. In fact the Mac guy doesn't know t hat much about Windows."

The transaction went smoothly without an interruption of service to I nternet Express clients.

Total time for the transaction from the day it was known tn the hand over was less than four

Crude-comedyfans in BChear

five-l etter word at work:fired ••

By CHRISTOPHER CULY •

•

The BC Supreme Court recently dismissed an appeal by two men who were fired from their jobs after sending offensive e-mail.

MacDonald Detwiler and Associates' switchboard operator Nicolas Di Vito and Alastair Mathers, who w o r ked i n t h e m a i ntenance department, were dismissed from their jobs alter they electronically transmitted the transcript from an Andrew "Dice" Clay monologue that crudely d escribed having sex wi th a n obese woman.

The pair also sent a hard copy of the comic's vulgarities to a former female colleague.

Although the two men initially denied any responsibility, they later admitted to the deed and were swiftly fired in May 1995. They filed a claim of wrongful dismissal in July I996.

Justice lan Drost agreed that firing the two employees over their e-mail prank might have been harsh. Given their initial denial, however, Drost ruled there was sufficient cause for disInissal.

Toronto employment lawyer Randall Echlin says the BC ruling may send a chill for workplace e-mail correspondence.

"Don't send anything you wouldn't say in person or in a b usiness letter," Echlin told Law Times."It's no less subject to libel than a piece of paper."

Canadiancrime-catching software now on the beat • e By CHRISTOPHER CULY •

•

Two new computer software programs could help police track down both breakand-enter artists and serial killers.

The Ottawa+arreton police department has been testing a new program, called InvestigAide, which was developed by Aija Information Technology Consultants Inc., an Ottawa company, and sokl to the police force two years ago.

After police investigators enter the specifics of a B&E, such as timi: of day, address, method of entry, and a list of stolen property, InvestigAide createsa profile ofsuspects.

Last year, there were 8,000 BscEs reported in the Ottawa area, only 25 per cent of which were solved.

Although InvestigAide is only used for residential break-ins in the Ottawa area, Aija plans to create a separate product for commercial B&Es, as well as tracking tools for more violent criminal activity.

Orlon the hunter But on the latter front, Aija is behind a geographic-profiling system created by Vancouver detective Kim Rossmo. Called Orion, Rossmo's system uses a computerized grid to pinpoint crime scenes.

Contour lines, called isopleths (the Greek word for "equal numbers") are drawn between the sites, which are then linked to the possible location of the perpetrator's residence. Colour codes identify the degree of likelihood of a link soft tones for low probability and dark tones, such as red, for a strong one.

Rossmo, who also teaches criminology at Simon Fraser Llniversity, became hooked on the importance of geography in criminal investigations shortly after he j o ined the Vancouver Police Department 16 years ago.After obtaining

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"@"'-,'-',:i.' tel e N s .,:." his doctorate, in which he studied the link between serial criminal activity and a perpetrator's domicile, Rossmo created Environmental Criminology Research Inc., which created Orion. He claims 75 per cent of serial killers operate in their own backyards.

The RCMP in Vancouver are poised to incorporate Rossmo's tracking system into their own criminal investigations. They are looking to Orion as a way to enhance their own tracking system, ViCLASViolent Crime Linkage Analysis System, which was also developed in British Columbia, While Orion r e lies o f t h e m a t hematics

behind geographical data to link criminal incidents,VICUNAS correlates crimes by other characterist ics,such as age and gender.

LiveQlympic "netcast" attracts attention for IK firm • • By STEVE BAIN •

•

During the Atlanta Olympics, ITVNet, a small, Vancouver-basedcompany, provided what they describe as a "Beatnik" view of the proceedings via the Internet, by may of a live videocasting technique called "netcasting."

Using plugins available from the company's

Web site (http: //www.itv.net), visitors mere able to view interviews with sports celebrities, including Shaquille O'Neal, Scottie Pippen, Reggie Miller, and Evander Holyfield.

Only a year old, ITV Net already has a full-time staff of I I, and draws from a pool of I 5 industry consultants.

The technology isn't new, but the company's

perspective is.

In the extreme "The majority of our video content at the moment concentrates on extreme sports," says marketing director Steve Everitt."Currently, we have agreements set up with extreme-sports

filmmakers like Warren M iller and Tony Roberts, and have nearly collected together enough content t o b r o adcast a 2 4 -hour extreme-sports channel on the Internet.

"Until then, we' ve been concentrating on events such as bands, the Olympics, and concerts in other parts of the world. We' re trying to find stuff that is not available through any other media source, so that we aren't competing directly with mediums lik» television."

The technique uses video-streaming technology software including VDOUve, Streamworks, Freevue, and CUSeeMe. "Web users simply get our plugins, click on a video, wait a few sec-

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commercials and put them into our live feed'.

"For our 24-hour channel, we' re trying to keep our sponsorship low though. Right now, television's content is roughly 25 per cent advertising, and we' re aiming at a maximum advertising con-

.~'tOiI,.IIIIIIiiigi)IIjiilii..=.-

tent of 10 per cent. We don't want to put users off, but at the same time we don't want to have

to charge users. Our aim in this early stage is to work on a breakwven scenario." " We' re basically exploding i n t e r ms of growth," says Everitt,"but it's been a long hard trial for us. Right now we' re getting calls from companies such as MCA, Capitol Records, and Sony Digital, all the way down to family-awned businesses. It's amazing the number of companies who are interested in putting video on their Web site."

So far, Everitt says, the company has worked on the Grammies, the Junos, and even did a bit of work with Timothy Leary. And, although it' s not up yet, they' ve even built a Web site for BC Premiere Glen Clark, the most popular area of which will likely be the feedback feature.

BCIT is now offering Telecommunications Industry Seminars.

Designed with industry in mind these courses provide short-term, day school training, allowing you to keep working while staying current on the latest telecommunications developments.

Choose from the following courses: • Fi b re Optics (2-day or 5-day course) $395/$1,100 • Category 5 Data Installations (2-day) $395 • Te lecomData and Voice Cabling (5-day) $1,100 • T l Fu ndamentals (3-day) $595 • Un derstauding the RS232 (2-day) $395 • PACE Soldering (5-day) $1,100

K apartmenthunting hitsthe Web

Courses are offered at BCIT's Burnaby Campus, but on-site training can be arranged.

• + By STEVE BAIN•

.Call now ... courses start Fall '96.

For more information contact: British Columbia Insutute of Technology Terry Knudson, B.Ed., Dip.T., T.Q. 3700 WilIingdon Avenue Bumaby, B.C. Canada VSG 3H3 Tel: (604) 432-8223 E-mail:tknudsorr@bcit.bc.ca

BRITISH COLUMBIA INSTlTUTE OF TECHNOLOGY onds, and begin to r eceive our broadcast," explains Everitt,"The setup takes about a 10- to IS-second buffer period, where it starts streaming video to you. Once it catches up, you can view the images."

Watch out, ER But, in most cases, competing with television is exactly what experts who study these things say is happening, Instead of spending hours absorbing passive television shows, many consumers are opting for time on the World Wide Web, where control and choice are completely

at the user's discretion. With netcasting, users can choose to view live Internet tddeo feed or choose to view an archived video of their choice.

Until their 24-hour Internet television channel is launched, the company keeps busy working with large companies as video solution ser. vice providers. "For example," says Everitt, "because of our p artnership with Digital Equipment C o rporation o n t h e A t l a nta Olympics, we were attracting business from sponsors who already have conventional television commercials. We were able to take those

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Visitors to the site will find the service simple to use, but may be disappointed hy the sparse number of listings currently found in each of the categories. which will likely remain until the site matures.

Areas to search at t h e m o m ent i n clude Nanaimo, Victoria, Vancouver and th e L ow er

Mainland, Abbotsford, and Whistler. Each of these cities is divided into its own searchable n eighborhood a r eas. Fo r e x a m ple, t h e Vancouver area is broken down into 20 individual neighborhoods, while Victoria lists 10.As demand grows, the site will be expanding to include other areas as needed.

This convenient house-hunting Web site is not only aimed at local residents looking to change their current living arrangements, but will also appeal to potential out~f-town residents from any part of the country, or even the world. The fact that British Columbia is the destination of choice for a good portion of provincial and international immigrants makes this the perfect application for a Weh site.

For accommodation seekerswho don't have Internet access, information on the site can be accessed through a phone-in or fax-in service, for afee.To reach the BC Renter'sGuide by phone, call (604) 472-8223, or contact the company by mail at 3986 Bear Street, Victoria, BC,VBN 3RI. The company says it is dedicated to providing the guide as a free service to potential tenants and landlords, but maintaining the site is costly and time consuming. Anyone wishing to sponsor the site (advertise) or donate maintenance time should contact the webmasterlbcrenters-guide.bc.ca. +

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•

If you' re tired of trudging from one end of the city to the other in a frustrating search for a suitable house or apartment to rent, the task has just gotten a little easier — provided you have Internet access, of course.

BC Renter's Guide, which most of us know as one of the many free booklets found in the newspaper racks at the local convenience store, launched a new World Wide Web site (htip://vi vie.bc-renters-guide.bc.ca/) on August I, listing available rental properties in certain areas of the province. The list is available free of charge to anyone with Internet access — whether you are a landlord with an available property or a t e nant in n eed of accommodations.Ads remain active for 30 days from date of phcement on the site. They may also be faxed or phoned in.

The Web site's database of available accommodations is searchable by city and neighborhood, and results may be displayed and sorted by rental rate or date posted. House hunters may alsochoose to use more advanced search

features, including defining the number of bedrooms or bathrooms, the type of accommodation (house, apartment, townhouse, condominium, and so on), and specific details about the living arrangements sought (such as laundry, fitness facilities, non-smoking, or pets).

Final search results also yield more specific information about listed properties, including availability, rental cost, special features such as physical proximity t o p u b lic t ransportation, shopping, and schools, as well as other inform;ition such as skylights, luxuries, living amenities, and, of course, the landlord's phone number.

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shoes, computers, software, CDs, garden supplies. You can even send flowers or order pizzas online (at leastin several major urban areas).

But not all companies ate looking at the Web as the place to do business.

O'Reilly lk Associates Online Rese:itch found a niajority of North Ainerican businesses have no immediate plans to obtain Internet access. " Although I n t ernet a c t ivity i s healthy and growing in the business community, not all are convinced of its value," the study reports. Only 8 per cent of small businesses (those with fewer than 100 employees) have Internet access, and 79 per cent had no plans to obtain access in the next year.

However, half the 1994 and 1995 Canadian Entrepreneur of the Year nominees said the Inteniet was "important" to their businesses.And a Decima research survey of 600 attendees of the Canadian National Internet Show found that 91 per cent felt the Inteniet is

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Value-added content includes a monthly beer-oriented newsletter, a list of entertainment events "brewing" across Canada, the MVP Club (where registered visitors can accumulate points towards merchandise), and the ever-popular beer recipes. Why beer recipes? Simple. Giving away beer recipes is a "free value that will help sell more beer," explains Smith.

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get people toshow up and come

Adultwriented sites were the first to go c o mmercial on t h e W e b.

Thousands of blue sites titillate Web surfers with free samples, but lock away the majority of their material, making files available only to those

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ed its traditional marketing strategies with its Web site. The site, designed by Toronto-based Cyberplex Interactive Media, doesn't sell beer. It creates brand awareness and "adds value to

Don't lt make my brown eyes blue7

8N PENTIUM SYSTEMS

who pay membership fees.Since consumers are hesitant to use credit cards online, some adult sites use I900 lines so those interested in prurient material can call in and charge site membership fees by phone.

Speaking of " b l ue" sites, Labatt Breweries of Canada has supplement-

changingthe way companies conduct business.

Most companies on the Internet use e-mail to communicate with customers, vendors, and suppliers — saving time and money by avoiding telephone tag or long4istance phone and fax charges. Businesses with Web-savvy clients have increased service levels by setting up Web sites where customers can access answers to frequently asked questions and obtain technical support.

More and more, however, companies are using the Web to supplement traditional sales channels or as their primary sales vehicle.

ELITECH SYSTEM

i~~+," r~ P i@

By PAUL LIMA•

"There's gold in them thar hills!" was the prospector's cry during gold rushes in the 1800s."There's gold in cyberspace!" seems to be the cry of today' s businessperson. While few prospectors struck it rich, they were an optimistic bunch. And although few are striking it rich on the Internet, there may be groiinds for optimism.

The World Wide Web is becoming t he w o r ld-wide w a y to sho p .

According to a survey by A.C. Nielsen, 6.5 million Canadians are on the Internetand several hundred thousand people have made online purchases. While anntial global Web sales have reached an estimated US$300 million, predictions are that cybersales wiU reach US$150 billion by the year 2000 and hit the US$1 trillion by the year 2010.

What can you buy on the Web? Well, what can you buy in almost any retail o utlet? Books, clothes,

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next frontier of retail shopping."

If you' re a small company that wants Financial institutions see Web sites as a way of letting customers access to do business on the Internet with financial and account infor- the biggies, you should know it's not cheap to join a serious cybermall. mation when they vvant it rather than during tradition- Hudson's Bay will pay IBM $42,000 to join World Avenue and kick in another al banking hours.

Q u a d r a v i s i o n $3,500 per month, plus 5 per cent of Communications, based in sales.

But smaller companies will not be Toronto, has helped TD Bank, Canada Trust, Bayshore squeezed off the Web by corporations, Trust, and US-based First says John Long, Quadravision's presiFederal Bank develop their dent.Larger companies are pushing individual Web presences. In the technology envelope and once transactional-access security is impleaddition to allovving consumers to mented Web-wide, smaller businesses access financial information, for example, Bayshore Trust offers fully will find it easier to sell goods and services online. s ecured loan transactions on i t s In some instances, they won't have popular Web site.

R ather than set u p o r to worry about collecting credit-card c ontract ou r t h ei r o w n numbers, because that will be done by Web sites, many compa- Internet service providers (ISPs).

This should prove to be a boon for nies have opened shops in cybermalls. The Hudson's small businesses who can't afford the usurious rates Canadian banks want Bay Co. has moved into IBM's online mall, World business to pay for credit~ard transacj ii Aven u e , w h e re shoppers tion access where card imprints are not can buy an array of goods acquired. To obtain merchant accounts using secure transactions. so they can sell on the Net (or by direct While George Kosich, pres- mail), Canadian businesses are required ident of Hudson's Bay, is cautious to lock up at least $10,000 against sales.

While Microsoft, IBM, and Netscape about overall sales expectations, he has described the Internet as "the have joined forces with V isa and

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elled the playing field for smail businesses. It puts them on equal footing with every other company — large or smart — that has a Web site." Even so, he admits, most c o m p anies e arning money through Web sales are serving a niche inarket, ustially computer-related.

One of the first online Canadian computer stores to open for business was Onyx Interactive. Onyx browsers simply point and click their way to view hardware, software, new products, and services, and choose their purchases by adding items to a personal "shopping cart."

"There has been a lot of debate whether or not c o mmerce will ever have a place on the Internet," says Onyx president and cofounder Phil DeLeon. "I don't want to sit around debating. I want to lead, not follow."

Software Online I nc., located in Brampton, Ontario, also sells computer software and h ardware across Canada and around the world im the Web. The company offers shoppers 20,000 products on its Web site."Using the Internet will allo~ us to build a big business, not a big headquarters," says Jon Dearden,a Software Online partner who believes service is more important to Net users than the size of a company's office tower.

MasteiCard to create a secure electronic transfer (SET) system for online transactions, other companies are woiidng to act as bmkers for shoppers and online retailers. First Virtual Internet Payment System

uses a code system representing credit ward numbers that retailers can translate to confirm sales.

Other companies have combined their Web site with 1-800 or fax payment systems to win the confidence of con s u mers. A nd Inter n e t Liquidators, "auctioning" consumer goods on the Web, has set up secure payment methods approved by the Bank of Montrealand MasterCard.

Home on the Web When it comes to conducting business on the I nternet, many homebased entrepreneurs are eschewing high-tech payment methods and relying on good old snail mail.

Fiona Fars created a Web site from winch she sells her NetWear clothing creations by mail order. While sales of h er T-shirts and sweat shirts w i t h emoticons, e-mail addresses, and URIs silk screened on thein have been slow, Fars is not discouraged. The site is hit frequently and word of mouth is starting to build.

A s Dean H o p k ins, f o under o f Cyberplex, points out,"The Net has lev-

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F eat u r e The new reality of conducting business on the Web also includes export opportunities: Dearden has sold software to consumers as far away as the United Kingdom and New Zealand.

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"Export opportunities, even if companies are home-based businesses, exist," says Hugh Blaber, vice president, Canadian Exporters Association of Ontario.

Because of free trade and global competition, companies have to be "good enough to stand up in the world market, not just compete in their own back yard." And since they have to be globally competitive to survive in their local market, Blaber suggests they look at exporting as a means to expand their business, especially if they have developed niche product or service expertise.

But exports will not occur just because a company hase-mail and is able to set up a Web site, Blaber cautions. "High-tech is a help, but it's not a substitute for building relationships and understanding cultures."

Toronto's On Trac Inc. has created a Web site to help smaller businesses establish the relationships to which Blaber refers.

"Many Canadian products and services don' t reachforeign markets because Canadian companies a(e not trade ready," says David Sadleir, On Trac president.

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OIVISION OF WARLIGHT INO. INC. -SINCE 1987

Matt httix//www.hthatt corn/ Cyherplex Interactive Motile http: //www~ lex .corn/ Bayshore Trust http: //www.hays ho retro stcom/ IInmiravhlon http: //www.quadrnvtslon.corn/ first Virtual Internet Payment Systan

http: //www.fv.corn/ Internet litinhiators http: //wwwjnternetlltpthiators4com/ IletNear http: //www.lnforamp.net/-netwear/ Onyx Interact ive

http: //www.onyxcompnters.corn/ Software Online Inc. http: //www.softonllne.corn/ On Trnc Inc.

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P ro f i l e

ANDREW COCHRAN Sl'lAgIAg tCIi.'VI$lOAt0 • • By CHRISTOPHER GULY • •

"To some extent, we are today with the Internet where w e were i n t h e 1950s with television," says Andrew Cochran over the telephone from his Halifax office.

"With the advent of television, soinething like 15 per cent of households owned a TV set.

Today, about 15 per cent use the Internet, at least in North America. In the 1950s, people would huddle around a television set and watch the test pattern.

Today,people are trying to fi gure out the menu bar on an Internet site."

That's about the place where Cochran found himself in the late 1980s when he bought his first Apple II computer. "I was completely enthralled with the idea that I had 48K and was excited when I could buy a disk drive to plug into it."

Accidents will happen In less than a decade, Cochran has unwittingly become one of thecomputerindustry's leading innovators. As head of Cochran Entertainment and Cochran Interactive, the 44-year~id son of two former Nova Scotia Tory cabinet ministers, John and Maxine (who was the province's first female cabinet minister), is both a beneficiary of television's sociocultural position and a pioneer of the Net's growing influence in the lives of Canadians. /tfaclean's has called him a "cyber-visionary" — a term at which the softspoken Halifax native bristles. Although he has become aNet educator, with his second, 13-part series on the medium (Life on tbe intersect) set for broadcast on Canada's Discovery Channel and PBS in the United States this fall, Cochran is essentially a pragmatist.

After working as executive producer of CTV's Canada A.ilf. and the CTV National Neurs, Cochran jumped into children's television programming, and began churning out episodes of the hit CBC-TV series Theodore Tugboat in 1988.

Witnessing the gmwing popularity of the Net six years later, the 26-year television veteran made Tugboat his first WWW experiment.

While conventional television viewers can eagerly await another 30 episodes of the program — seen in 58 countries — Net crawlers can visit Theodore Tugboat at its own WWW site. There, users can visit Barrington Barge or the Big Ship in The Big Harbour, or download a line-drawing colouring book.

Branching out Today,Tugboat has been listed as one of the Net's best sites for kids — including Cochran's 10-year-old son, William. But as the TV series found a home i nter nationally,the cyber versionof Theodore Tugboat has spawned other interests.

Two years ago, Cochran asked one of his colleagues, Berit Erickson, a fornier librarian, to help create a list of recommended Net sites for kids that would appear on Cochran's home page (http: // www.cochran.corn/), which features 15 sites.

"I did a search using Alta Vista and found there were about 2,000 sites linked to the Theodorta Tugboathome page," says Cochran, who also serves as a writer for the series."But an equal, if not greater number, were linked to Berit's Best Sites for Kids."

theNet(itviceversa) In just a couple of years, the Net has become Cochran's best marketing toolexponentially linking him across the WWW and offering glimpses of his television product in markets where the programs aren' t even shown.

Start inaking cents Witness the Cochran Entertainment-produced, youthconsumer CBC-TV series,Sttser Cents.It, too, figures in Cochran Interactive's stable, in the guise of a youthconstimer database.

"With Web sites, particularly those related to the television industry, you don't presume prior knowledge of the program," explains Cochran. "So someone in Greece, South America, or Australia who has no idea what Street Cents, the TV program, isall about — not to mention not being able to watch it — can

still derive some fun, if not usefulness, from the site."

Clearly, the best part of Cochran's successful marriage of television and the Net has been that none of i t w a s planned. In a moment of creative passion, the two eloped.

The more established television partner succumbed to the Net's seduction. Although Cochran eagerly blessed the union, he understands the Net is no mindless bride.

"It is really an organism that is growing so

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Looking to see the world? Visit new places? Meet new people'?Thenyou need the world's most comprehensive international online service, CompuServe, with one-stop access to the Internet. Plus access to the World Wide Web onany browser you choose. If that' s not enough of anescape, wehave thousands of other services like universal e-mail, up-to-the-minute sports, entertainment andbusiness news and a forum for practically any interest you can find on this planet, and others. Become aCompuServe member. Just give us a call or visit our website at www.compuserve.corn. We' ll give you free software and 10 free hours COI

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is, online gambling is a quasi-legal business and is unregulated at this time. It's so new that it is a gray area at best — the FBI, IRS,

a nd Justice D epartment i n t h e U n i t ed States are hesitant t o c o n f ir m w h e ther Internet gamblers are breaking the law.

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I nterNet A c c e s s 918.88

• • By MARC SALTZMAN•

The overwhelming majority of the thou-

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sand-or-so Web sites dedicated to gambling

here is no doubt the Net is littered with the ills of society, just as television, books, movies, magazines, a nd videos continue t o sensationalize and exploit the perils of u rban life, and all should be accessed with discretion.

But there is now a new potential danger emerging on the World Wide Web. It is now possible for any Web surfer to take part in real-time, online gambling right from their very own desktop.

Just think about that for a moment. You can now win or lose money by betting on sports, or playing blackjack, poker, or even bingo, as if you were in Vegas — but without even leaving your den or office chair!

8

UGRobotics

as yet offer only hints, tips, and strategies for real gambling or sports betting. They can either teach you player's secrets (such as card-counting) or p r ovide up-to-theminute scores and statistics.

The Web sites raising questions are the offshore gambling sites, where you give them your credit-card number or set up an electronic debit account. For the most part, these potentially chancy sites are establ ished i n p l a c e s s u c h as Bel i z e , Liechtenstein, or Nassau. They can be quite hard to come by and rely heavily on wordof-mouth.

I have seen inquiries on a gambling newsgroup from a person who felt ripped off by one such organization, but he was reluctant to approach his local authorities. The truth

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InterNet Courses 649.95

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Florida Att o r ne y Gene r a l Bob Butterworth states that "evolving technolo-

gy appears to be far outstripping the ability of government to regulate gambling activities on the I nternet and of l aw enforcement toenforce such regulations."

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be wired to your account? The answer is no, and I suggest you avoid all Web sites that promise you otherwise.

Better to save for a weekend excursion (to a place where gambling is legal), because there's really nothing like being there — and seeing for yourself if you have won or lost. Use the Web as an educational tool, perhaps to brush up your poker game or peruse who's playing where in Yegas (did someone say Wayne Newton?).

For more information about this as-yet shadowy subject, point your browser to The American Gaming Network or t h e resource-full Rollrng Good Trrmesmagazine. +

Canadian officials have been even more reluctant to confirm online gambling's legality.

Funny money Some American companies, such as the Casino Royale/Funscape Web site, have blurred the issue by offering to trade their "virtual dollars" for real cash. The player pays to set up an account and receives "FunBucks," where 100 FunBucks equal US$1.When cashing out of your account, you may exchange your cyber game tokens for real American currency.

The most popular forms of gambling online to date are run from native reserves.

US Congress passed the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act in 1988 and opened the door for Proxy Play — legalized bingo and

PN lotto gambling for players over 18 that are not directly p resent o n n a t ive l and.

Gamblers are allowed to participate by mail, telephone, TV, and now the Net, but you must open an appropriate debit account.

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Think about it I have to admit it is scary to see online gambling grow, but the bottom line is, is it really safe to trust a computer to tell you that you' ve won money and expect it will

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fast that I defy anyone who can come up with a cogent three-year business plan based on it."

Nevertheless, he predicts the pair will remain together in the future, "I hear a lot of peoplesaying the Web will replace television, but I don't share that view," says Cochran. "What I see happening is that you will be searching the Web while watching Seinfeld or the news. I think the Internet is the great equalizer, not the great threat, just like television was in its early days when people said it would replace radio. The Internet is not going to erase television from the leisure-time landscape. Nor is it going to replace movies."

Cochran also predicts the Net could force other mediums, such as TV, to improve their own performance. "The Internetcan become a related resource for television, where facts are raised on a show and you can go to the Net and find out a whole bunch of extra stuff. The Internet, in a sense, has infinite shelf space. The two can make good companions."

The Net has even figured in Cochran's o wn marital situation. His wife of 12 years,Brenda, writes pharmacy-related consumer information for the PharmaSave drugstore chain that now appears on the

Net. Says Cochran sheepishly, "(Cochran Interactive) designed the Web site."e

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PGP: Encryptionfor the masses L ast y e a r d it i o n a l

m a r k e d an o t h e r h u g e i nc r e as e i n t h e m ar k e t s h a r e o f n o t e b o o k c o m p ut e r s v e r s u s t h e t r a d e s k t o p m o d e l s . W i t h m o r e a n d m o r e p e o p l e u si n g n o t e b o o k s , t h e r e i s a l s o a w i d e s p r e a d

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t ion , o n c e s a f e l y l o c k e d i n o f f i c e s , a r e n o w b e i n g c arrie d i n t a x i s , s u b w a y s , a n d a i r p l a n e s .

••

By LAWRENCE BARICHELLO ••.

Whether you own a notebook, or are just generally concerned about data privacy, you should know that there are now tools available to address this problem. Encryption converts the contents of any file to a seemingly random jumble of zeros and ones. It works using sophisticated mathematics that are beyond the scope of this article, but rest assured, reliable encryption software really

hat if the notebook is lost or stolen? W h il e backing up data ensures that contracts, co r r e spondence, databases, and spreadsheets will no t b e p e r m anently lost, extremely s e nsitive data is still out there somewhere on the hard drive of a missing computer. If the i nformation falls into t h e hands of a thief or even an innocent secondhand notebook purchaser, your privacy, and that of your business clients, has been severely compromised, the results of which are potentially disastrous.

works.

The relevance of this is astoundingtlus is the first time in human history that the public has tools to ensure privacy that are stronger than the tools used by governments to invade it.

Be good If you are interested in encryption for your business or personal use, I strongly recom-

mend that you use one of thc two manifestations of Philip Zimmermann's Pretty Good Privacy (PGP), for several reasons It has many features not available in other applications, it has been extensively peer reviewed and is widely known to be unbreakable, and it i s th e de fa c to world standard. If that doesn't turn your head, you should also know that a freeware version is available on the Internet.

PGP not only allows you to use a pass plirase to encrypt and decrypt files on your own PC, Mac, or Internet account, but it also allows you to give a "public" password (or "key") to others that can be used to encrypt files for e-mail that only you, with your associated "private" password, can decrypt. Not even the public password can be used to bring back the encrypted file.

• •

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These public keys have "fingerprints" that allow them t o b e v erified by their owners easily over the phone, mail, or fax. PGP also allows you to electronically sign a file, be it encrypted or not, in order that the recipient is sure that it c ame from you. At the other end, PGP checks the integrity of the signature to ensure that neither it nor the file attached to it has been tampered with.

You can also encrypt a single messagesay, a confidential memo — to a number of public keys at once. The software uses "key rings" that keep records of public and private keys and electronic signatures. PGP even has a "wipeout" feature that deletes the origina', unencrypted file, and writes over it and all the temporary flies generated by PGP in order to encrypt it.

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Packing It in In the bargain, PGP compresses files (although not quite as efficiently as dedicated compression software like PKZIP).

PGP can be used with ASCII (important for e-mail) or binary files.

This software is not without a few disadvantages, It won't do multiple-file backups like Fastback, MSbackup, or e ven PKZIP. And in the future, I'd personally like to see PGP running as a shell around my favouriteword processors, databases, or spreadsheets, and doing encryption on the fly, so that all of my files will be constantly backed up.

T he password p r otection b u il t i n t o packages like Word, WordPerfect, Lotus f2-3,MSbackup, PKZIP, and the like, is easily broken, by the way, and should never be considered even remotely safe. True encryption is export-restricted — the US government does not allow the software t o leave the country legally (with t h e inexplicable exception of Canada), considering it "munitions." Mainstream software makers wouldhave the headache of making two v ersions of t h eir a pplications, one for Canadian/US distribution, and another for the rest of the world.

Having a copy of PGP does not mean that your security is put to bed and you can just relax and forget about it. The software is only good if you use it regularly, and even then there are other ways that security can fail.A "shoulder surfer" might o versee a password w h ile i t i s b e i n g entered, for example. Or o r iginal files may not be completely deleted, leaving hidden copies. This can occur on hard drives and on diskettes sent through the mail, so always use a utility to overwrite the original files (not just mark their sectors for re-use) and to chase afterall those temporary files created by wordprocessorsand other applications.

internal or Internet e-mail is recorded by those systems and is the property of the system's owners. Passwords are meaningless, and an i n d i vidual cannot r e ally delete or wipe anything from such a system. That is the privilege of the sysop and management.

Anything private that needs to be held on a network should be encrypted at

The Norton package has one such feature, as do other utilities.

Spy networks7 By far the most serious security threat left after you have read and applied the above is exposure on multiuser systems, like those used in corporations or firms using LANs, where you log on to a network. Anything written or r eceived by

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irelessdata communication shakg,but promising • • By PAUL LIMA •

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BIS Strategic Decisions, a technologyresearch firm, counts over a half-million wireless data users in North America today and estimates the figure will surpass 10 million by the turn of the century. Although a n

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cellular phone nnist be capable of data transmission, your notebook must accept PC cards, and both your PC card and your cellular phone must be capable of wireless fax or data transmissions. Users experience problems because wireless data communication merges several types of technology while transmitting information over a cellular network with fluctuating signals.

•

"Connecting the notebook, PC card, and celltiiar phone is not yet a simple plug-andplay activity," says Brian Greenspan, marketing d i rector o r T o r onto-based WAM Interactive. WAM sells notebooks and modems that are cellular ready, and more.

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Armed with a Toshiba notebook, a Nokia cellular phone, a Megahertz Gold Series fax/data modem, Delrina's Communtcution Suite 2,1 (WnComm PRO 1.1 and WtnFax PRO 4), and Bell Mobility's cellular phone service, I was able to transmit faxes and data by connecting my modem into a land-line jack in my home office.

When it came time to try cellular transmissions, I first "flashed" the modem to upgrade it from land line to cellular. Because you don't have a dial tone when you turn on your cell phone, the flash fools the modem into thinking one is there.

Then I had to figure out which initialization strings to use in the communication software so the software, modem, computer, and phone would all communicate with each other. Once that was done — and it required help from the Megahertz and Nokia tech-support folks — I was able to send and receivefaxes and to connect to CompuServe to send and retrieve e-mail.

Sort of.

I say "sort of" because, evidently, I live in a grey area between two Bell Mobility cell sites and my signal strength fluctuated during the tests. Several times the fluctuating signals kicked me out of CompuServe as I was downloading messages. And I was seldom able to send more than one or two fax pages before losing the connection.

It was frustrating not being able to transmit faxes from the notebook to my PC a few feet away. Part of my problem is tltat my PC modem uses MNP5 error correction and the Megahertz modem uses the more advanced MNPIO error correction. That means my PC was not as forgiving of transmission errors as the PC card asked it to be.

I also had a brief demonstration of the Compaq SpeedPaq 192 cellular data/fax modem. Like the Megahertz modem, the SpeedPaq supports MNP I 0 error correction.

It also supports ETC error correction, compatible with cellular data network error correction, for more reliable transmission.

A real blessing, Compaq's nifty Modem Advisor selected the appropriate initialized string, error correction, and data compression modes for the phone and software. But Compaq 'also lets technophiles edit the fields to override preselected strings.

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.::-.-',;:„,:::;,f'e a t Li ri'' Getting personal Overall, the system worked well enough so that I could see the potential for using cellular to keep in touch by means other than voice. And Personal Communications Services (PCS), the next generation of cellular communications, should make wireless data and faxing communications more reli-

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Once all the bugs are worked out, "you' ll be able to do (by wireless) what you normally do when tied to the desk — only you will be able to do it, and more, anywhere, anytime," says Whiteford. +

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Gaming consoleshave come a long way from t h e s i d e-scrolling, c oin-collecting Marios and Sonics of the late 1980s and early 1990s. Even up until the middle of this decade, Nintendo and Sega were still vying for household gaming supremacy. Then came the refreshing Sony Playstation, which debuted in September 1995 and excelled in many areas over it s c o mpetitors, most notably in 3-D graphics.

The Sony Playstation uses a Sony CPU, a 32-bit processor that runs at 33 MHz. Part of the chip's memory itself is allocated to graphic performance (as opposed to that for the Sega Saturn). Compare this, if you will, to our token PC, which contains the 64-bit Intel Pentium chip where 256 KB cache is often shipped along for an increased kick.

Don't be misled, however, comparing one CPU to another can be tricky, because both are created to heighten different aspects of the gaming experience. Where the Pentium chip may be somewhat laster, the Sony CPU still has a preferred 3-component graphic subsystem that gives the Playstation the edge over the PC in 3-D graphic quality and image rendering.

The big difference in hmlwate between PCs and consoles is that the consoles come with only 2 MB system RAM (non-uplnadeable), versus the usual 16 MB with most new Pentium sys. tems. With RAM prices dtopping like they have

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• • By MARC SALTZMAN •• Over the years, people have asked: "Is the PC better for games or should I just buy a gaming console for my TV?" I' ve always tried to evade the question. But now that

my hack is pinned up against the wali by my editor, I w ill at tempt to o b jectively approach a comparison by analyzing the hardware, software, affordability, and versatility of each.

First off, I concede that dumping all gaming consoles into one category and all PCsinto the other is not only untair, but completely assinine as well. However, as a happy medium, I will be teferring to the poptdar Sony Playstation and the Sega Saturn as default consoles. I acknowledge that there are other pteferred systems (like the Jaguar,Panasonic's 3DO, and Nintendo's 32bit Vtrtual Boy), but space is limited.

For computers, I will only consider PCs (not Macs or Amigas) with a Pentium 100 CPU and 16 MB RAM as admirable gamingcomputer models.

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When analyzing how these games actually look to the player, I have to admit I am caught between size and quality. I would be lying if I said I wouldn't love to play my favourite PC games, in bed, looking at a huge 35-inch television. Although TVs are bigger than the standard 14- to 17-inch monitor, the image quaiity is sacrificed due to the TV's restrictions.

Most computer monitors ate high-resolution and non-interhced, as opposed to the low resolution, interlaced display of standard television.

The last three major hardware aspects in

question are CD-ROM speed, sound, and joysticks. The CD-ROM data rate for both the Saturn and Playstation is 300 KB per second-comparable to a d ual-speed PC CDROM (and most Pentium systems ship with 6X or 8X speed CD-ROM these days).

For ~aund, I have a hard time choosing which gaming platform was better, but I wou! d have to say game consoles (namely the Playstation) come out on top. The PC uses either a wavetable card or FM synthesis, found in the Play~tion and Saturn respectively. Most games released now for the PC utilize I64ait sound, but you can purchase aden cards to up the sound performance induding the AWE

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Lastly, the Saturn comes equipped with the standard plastic gamepad, but t h e P l aystation's ergonomically designed controller is great for action games. The PC, however, has more variety in peripherals than either system, whether your preference is single use or multiplayer action (including VR headsets, throttle and rudder sticks, guns, and various track balls).

Before I purchased my Pentium, I would have said that games that appeared lightning fast on a Sega or the Playstation were choppy (on a 486) or absolutely sluggish (on a 386) when played on the PC. But the increasingly affordable Pentium systems now hold their own, and then some (how about a little Duke lVukem 3D in high-rez 600 x 800 mode!).

Even graphically, where PCs have taken a back seat to consoles, the newest hype in gaming for the PC is 3-D acceleration boards from companies such as Matrox, Creative

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Caution: games crossing The comparison of actual gaming products for the PC versus other gaming systems is interesting, since many games are now cross. ing over into each other's platform. Boom, XCom, and Panzer General were on PC first and then moved over to game systems.Ecco the Bolphln, Earthieonn Jfm, and Comix Zone wereon Sega first, and were recoded for PC release.

Road and Tnt' s The Need /or Speed and NHL Hockey'96 had a simultaneous release on all phtlbrms, as do most Electronic Arts sports titles.

I would have to say that at this point in

time, sports and action titles on the gaming consoles (namely the Playstation) outperform the same games on the PC. Computers, though, are so much more versatile overall, and many other genres of games (such as role-playing, strategy, war, adventtire, simulation, and puzzle games) are much better on the PC. Furthermore, with the potential of many more toys to add on to PCs (notwithstanding memory additions such as cheaper RAM and 3 -D accelerator cards), I would put m y money on PCs inallgenres for the near future.

The bottom line pops up But the advantages in price and simplicity these gaming consoles have over the PCs is hard to refute. A Sega Saturn or Sony Playstation will run you approximately $300, whereas computers ate still five to ten times that price (often depending on your monitor size). We must acknowledge, of course that computers offer so much more than just games (i.e., word processing, Internet access,

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personal and business management, multimedia reference or educational products, other utilities).

The price of game CD-ROMs are very similar between our competitors, and you can also rent them both.

Finally, there is head-to-head gaming for both the PC and for the Saturn (induding the Sega Channel or just one phone to another), but it is better for the PC at this point due to different means of interactive gaming (via the head-to-head modern pl a, PC-to-PC direct link, networking, and now World Wide Web play with titles such as /y/orzopoly and SPycraJI: The Great Game). And there are many more titles for the PC than for all the platforms put together — plus, with the PC, you can download or play online thousands (and I mean thousands) of free shareware, freeware, Java,or Shockwave games from all over the globe.

So, in the end, the dollar is king. If you' re itchin' for a easy-to-use sports or action gaming system, arid you only have a few hundred dollars, I suggest you pick up the Sony Playstation.

But for a true, versatile gaming experience, I have to stick with the good ol' PC. Despite the large price difference now, I feel computers have a very strong future in the world of gaming, and I anticipate the emergence of more 3-D rendered environments with the aid of these new accelerator cards on the market.

Moreover, interactive World Wide Web games are becoming more and more exciting, as full-motion video and other animation plug-ins become readily accessible to all Internet browsers.

So ifyou are as serious about gaming as I am, save your hard-earned coin, and pick up (or upgrade to) a higher-end Pentium PC. It's definitely worth it. +

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The students work in teams on several projects at the same tiine, This is toencourage team spirit «nd simulate the ~orking conditions in th e i n d ustry. There really aren' t "lone-wolf'designers working in their garages writing brilliant IF>mes for Nintendo

•

anymore. Work is handled by groups of designers on a per-project basis, so students have to be prepared to organize their energies in an appropriate manner to allow them to cooperate on a game for a period of six or ten months.

Before they graduate the students will have had the opportunity to work many differentkinds of games, as well as head their own project.

DigiPen is registered with the Private Post-Secondary Education Commission of British Columbia, and offers a diploina in video gaine programming. The school's initialyears have been so successful that there is a waiting list for the 60 spaces well into the year 2000.

who have some background in art and c<>mputers and turning them into bona fide video-game designers. ll>e school's founder, Claude Comair, came up with the idea after trying to start a softwaredesign studio, only to Imd that there was a terrible dearth of t alent. Comair approached Nintendo, the megacorp that controls almost half the videogame market, about the possibility of developing a training school. Nintendo's response was enthusiastic and now the compaiiy sponsors the college with hardware, technical support, and financial aid, allowing the tuition to be a manageable $9,500.

D igiPen's students currently work o n Macs and prograinming kits provided by Nintendo that are the same as those used by Nintendo's progranuners-for it's older generation of games. There are plans in the near future to update the hardware and software to be compatible with the 64-bit generation of machines that debuted on the market this year,

Unemployment: 0%?

And there' ll be no shortage of work for the graduates. The video-game industry, which had some USSS billion in sales in 1995, show's no signs of letting vp anytime soon, with new systems and new technology constantly being thrust into the market.

DigiPen now also offers a second course of study in 3-D animation. This program is smaller, consisting of only 24 students, but is just as intense, and offers the same employinent opportunities in this growing industry.

Comair's school may have started a trend.

Already, several other institutions are planning to offer vide~arnedesign courses.

"You can get a degree in medieval literature, but will that get you a job? Why not a bachelor's in video-game design?" says Comiar, and many pedagogues seem to agree with him.

Leaders in the industry are particularity thrilled.Until now, game-design companies have had to depend on self-taught enthusiasts for a talent pool or on training promising candidates in-house. Now, they will have their pick of the crop. +

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• • By C REC SALMANe • The process of designing and making video games has largely been a mystery thatallgame players wonder and dneam about. Now there's a comprehensive postsecondaryschool that offers a unique curriciiium in just that esoteric field. Founded in 1994, DigiPen is North America's first school that specializes in taking students

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No "borrtyts/lng" School work consists of everything from project planning, story boarding, basic game creation, computer math, C++ progratnming. and music progiamming to computer environments and the principles of computer graphics. Students are also taught garne concepts, and a strict ethical code; there'0 be no tolerance of c o p yright i n f ringement at DigiPen.

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Both DigiPen and Nintendo are quick to point out that the school is run as an independent organization, and Nintendo neither promises nor obliges students to come work for the company. The school's initial year was so successful, however, that several students have, in fact, already been lured out of the two-year program to come work for Nintendo and other companies full-time.

The campus is made up of severaloffices in a building in downtown Vancouver. The entire student body is made up of only GO people, allowing for very intense, one-onone study. Students come from all over the world. Currently inost are from the United States, but inany are from Canada, Japan, Korea, and other distant places.

There are six teachers, all of whom have hands' e x perience in the field. Comair runs the school and still managesto find the time to teach classes. The program of study consistsof 12 seinesters over two years, -"::j"":=;.'':- -'-'-:-'-..:,:::::=,:.":: with a minimum of 5,000 hours of classI room time.

This keeps the school operating six days i;-'-;l0Sj.':~'fiiihij-;~'I i tlg/~ ; I i It fj~ ,e iiii/::tol-:-,:;:i a week over 11 months out of the year. It' s ' t>intr,~kvof 48it::,@idgars,:~':;4N.,:jjgt:B0;," , a grueling schedule. What's more, there' s hoinework. And as if that wasn't enough, ,,~~ 4 ;:gjl;.8vllli~::ojf/ + ~ /I „'2 most students also choose to pursue their '",;SN~ :I . '."::ifg' I~tBj'-':@jNi".:;®»-::.::"",',';:vn :

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THER EANDBACKAGAIN... HO WYOUROATATRAVELSONTHENET(ONAGOODDAY) • • By Alan Zisman • • When B i lb o Ba g gins, returned from his adventures, he called the story of his a d ventures (since reprinted as "The Hobbit") "There and Back Again".

When you' re looking at a Web page, on the Internet, perhaps a continent or two away, the data you' re accessing could tell (if data could talk or write!) a tale of a similarly involved journey.

How Internet data, whether a Web page or an e-mail message gets from here to there is a mysterious-seeming process-but understanding it helps to make sense of other mysteries, like who really pays for the Net,

and why your connection sometimes seems so slow. let's see what really happens when I, in Vancouver, using my modem at home or at work, try to connect up to a Web page... say Time Magazine's Pathfinder site, in New York City. First, using my modem, I connect to a local Internet Service Provider... one of over 2,300 such services in North America.

My modem tries to get a connection at its maximum rate, 28,800 bits per second, but depending on the amount of noise on the phone lines, will often end up settling for a slower connection.

At the Service Provider, I connect to another modem, which is connected to a computer, connected to a local area network-connecting the ISP's bank of computers, modems, and phone lines. There's one modem per phone line-and soinetimes all the lines are in use. If I don't get a busy signal, I'm connected to the ISP's Ethernet network connecting all their computers at a rate of 10 million bits per second (Mbps... about 300 times faster than the modem connection). I can check my e-mail or Usenet news groups-in both cases, looking at messages stored on iny ISP's network. But to send mail, or use the Web, I' ve got to go out froin my ISPwver the Internet itself.

The Internet is a network of networks.

Regardless what sorts of coinputers they are, they transmit data by a common codeTCP/IP, f o r Tra n smission C o n trol Protocol/Internet Protocol. The TCP part describes how data is broken down into small pieces called packets... each packet is transmitted separately, mixed with other data-and sometimes travelling along different routes. At the end, it's all reassembled, hopefully in the correct order. If a packet is missing or corrupted, TCP will request it again.

The IP part gives every data packet its Internet address... a 12-digit number that corresponds to the more human-friendly

address that you or I typed. (I know; Internet addresses like http: //www.tcp.corn doesn' t seem that friendly, but try to remember 167.191.045.001 instead). One of the computers at my ISP is the Domain Name Serverstoring a large table that translates the Internet address that I typed into its (hopefully) proper numerical equivalent.

To get out to the Internet, my ISP rents a dedicated Tl connection, running at 1.54 Mbps, connecting to a larger, regional ISP. From there, my TCP/IP packets go through a router-a sort of dedicated computer that does nothing but try and figure out the most efficient route to get the data to its destination. From Vancouver, on its way to New York, the data may go via Seattle, or down to Sacramento, travelling along a 45 Mbps T3 connection owned by MCI. Not only is data being exchanged however... despite our sense that the Internet is free, each of these data transmissions is being paid for, as the various Service Providers rent their access from larger companies such as MCI. While the T3 line sounds massive, much of the st a lled backbone-the main transmission route, is overloaded. MCI is currently replacing it with fibrewptic cable capable of 622 Mbps. Moving on the backbone, iny data, mixed with packets from thousands of other users on hundreds of other ISPs, may pass through routers in Denver and Kansas

•

City, on its way to New York. There, it passes through a series of progressively smaller Service Providers, on its way to its destination, at Time-Warner's Pathfinder Web site.

(From there, the data needs to get back to me-the same process, though perhaps a different route, in reverse).

Amazingly, this complex process works correctly most of the time. And while there are sometimes bottlenecks along the way (gridlock on the Information Superhighway, if you' ll excuse the cliche), most of the traffic problems occur at the destination. Sites like Pathfinder are quite popular, and if several thousand people are all trying to access it at once, it can take a while to connect.

The Web is designed to try to minimize this, however... when I'm reading that Time Magazine article, I'm not actually connected to their site-Web browsers are only actually connected for the few seconds when they are sending or receiving data. Many people can be reading data from a site, taking turns connecting, before performance starts to degrade.

You can see the route your data takes, using the Traceroute utility. Search for 'traceroute' at a search engine like AltaVista (http: //www.altavista.digital.corn/), to get links to Web sites with this program, which will show you the journey your data takes from There and Back Again. +

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By Bruce Byfield• •

The Nine Lives ofOS/2 Rumours of thedeath of OS/2 drculate every few months.Few of these rumours, however,have received as much attention as W illiam Zachmann's c o mments o n h i s Canopus forum on Compuserve.

Zachman admits that he has doubted IBM's committment t o O S/ 2 f o r m o n t hs. After attending the IBM IT Analyst's Conference in Toronto on August 7-9, he concluded that "IBM's top management has already written

off OS/2 as a dead (or at least dying) duck).

Lou Gerstner and his top executives are, witho ut exception, far m or e c o m mitted t o Windows NT than they are to OS/2." He would be switching tn Windows 95, he added.

Zachmann's comments carry weight. The Presidentof Canopus Research, a computer a nd c o mmunications c o n sulting f i r m , Zachmann hadbeen one ofthe few major computer journalists to write knowledgably about OS/2.Many considered him an OS/2 advocate.

Zachmann, however,sees himself as devoted to truth, rather than to a company or product. IBM, he believes, would abandon OS/2 immediately if it wasn't used by major clients.

Instead, he claims, IBM has reduced the budget for developing and promoting OS/2 so that its install base will slowly wither.

PCWeek on-line was quick t o r e p ort Zachmann's comments. As I write, it has yet t o report IBM's response. In a l e tter t o PCWeek which has already been widely circulated on the internet, John W. Thompson, General Manager of Personal Software Products, the IBM division responsible for OS/2, insists, "IBM is completely committed to the OS/2 Warp family of products. OS/2

has become a cornerstone in our overall familyof software products... Customers and readers should erase any doubts."

Net pundits were quick to point out other information which contradicts Zachmann's conclusions. Given IBM's usual licensing agreement, the upcoming release of Warp 4.0, codenamed Merlin, obligates IBM to support the product for two years — a long time in terms of software development. Moreover,

OS/2 and related products produced over a billion dollars of revenue for IBM, and development of IBM software is still continuing.

For example, on August 29, Logica, Inc., a major systems integration and software firm, signed a multi-million dollar contract with the IBM-owned Lotus Corporation to help develop the OS/2 Smartsuite, IBM is also including Voice Type Dictation as an extra in Merlin, while charging over $800 for the Windows 95 version of the same product.

Zachmann's observations that IBM is focusing on Windows NT development seems correct. And no wonder: NT has been one of 1996's most discussed products, and IBM previously had little software for it. But IBM has long been committed to developing for all platforms — a conservative strategy which makes minimizes risk for shareholders.

IBM will never support OS/2 exclusively, so the rumours of its death will continue. On the

other hand, IBM seems to regard OS/2 as a

small but valued part of its corporate strategy.

In parficular, IBM seems to regard OS/2 as a major source of software innovation. With 32 bit programs appearing on every platform, OS/2 shouldsurvive for a few years yet.

iilerlln Release Announced The releaseof OS/2 Warp version 4.0,coden amed Merlin, w il l b e a n n o unced o n September 25 inSan Francisco.The software is expected to be in stores by September 28.

Merlin, which has been in beta-testing since July, may be the most effective answer to Zachmann's claim. Besides a redesigned interface, Merlin includes a number of enhancements, including support for True Type fonts, Plug and Play, and Voice Type Dictation. It will also be the first operating system to support Java applets and OpenDoc, while its Open32 API extensions will make it easier for developers to port 32 bit Windows programs to OS/2. There is also an unconfirmed rumour of enhanced Win-OS/2 support.

Merlin will also ship with a CD of hardware

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drivers,and several hundred megabytes of bonus pack applications. The bonus pack will include Lotus Notes Mail 4.0 as Merlin's internet e-mail client. The rest of the bonus pack is s till unannounced, but i s r u m oured t o include a demo version of a CD-burner.

Merlin's announced price is $299US for the full package, but Indelible Blue, the OS/2 mail order company, is taking reservations for upgrade editions for $115US. Canadian prices are still unannounced.

Netscape for OS/2 The rumours have been flying for months.

On August 28th, the long-awaited announcement finally came: Netscape will develop OS/2 versions of its popular Internet browser.

"This announcement represents an important strategic agreement. for both Netscape and IBM," James Barksdale, the president and CEO of Netscape commented. "OS/2 is an operating system that many corporate MIS managers count on today."

The dealmeans that versions of Netscape will soon exist for seventeen different operating platforms. It also means that development will cease on IBM's own WebExplorer.

The atmouncement was anticipated as early as July 23rd, when John W. Thompson of IBM Personal Soltware Products mentioned while talking in Wellington New Zealand that Merlin would ship with a version of Netscape.

This report, widely circulated on the internet, was bolstered by David Moskowitz, a long-time writer on OS/2, who was quoted as saying that the deal had been signed on May 7th. However, neither IBM no r N etscape wotiid confirm the deal until now.

Netscape 2.02 will be immediately ported to OS/2 through the Open32 API extensions. It will not only be comparable to versions of Netscape on other platforms, but also support such features of Merlin as Voice Type Dictation.

The next version will be developed entirely within OS/2. As I vvrite. Netscape is advertising on the internet for developers for the next version.

However, contrary to Thompson's rom-

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If you' re like most computer users, you weren't taught formal grammar in school.

So it's not surprising if you are bewildered when checkers flaga "comma splice" or the "passive voice."

Good grammar checkers offer more than

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cryptic suggestions; they include explanations, definitions, and examples. Just as most computer users do not read their manuals from cover to c o ver, however, they also do not read all the information in their grammar checker.

Preaching tothe choir And those who do tackle all the explanations ma y n o t fi n d en l i g h tenment.

C omputer wizards seem to b e th e o n l y people who u n derstand manuals, and grammarians may be the only ones who understand grammar checkers.

But knowing how the programs work and what they commo~ f l a g can help you use your spelling and grammar checkers effectively.

Spell checkers check every word against the list in their dictionary. They work especially well for finding typographical errors.

But they w on't c atch i ncorrect use of homonyms (words that sound the same), such as "break" and "brake." They also won't help you catch misspellings in proper names. Documents still must be proofread.

Don't go changin' Spell checkers are shipped with US or UK dictionaries, while Canadian spelling lies somewhere in between the two standards. You can get away with either "centre" and "center" in Canada, but stick with whatever word you choose. Many institutions have a list of preferred spellings that you can use as a guideline.

The m os t i d e n t ifiable s p ell-checkerinduced error is "allot" for "a lot." If you spell "a lot" as one word, the computer does not offer the two-word correction; instead, it suggests "allot." Some people just accept the suggestloil w i t h ou t r e alizing that "allot" is actually a completely different word.

Grammar checkers can sometimes find spelling errors tliat spell checkers on their

own miss. For example, a grammar checker might catch "it' s" for "its."

Grammar checkers try to analyze sentences and identify subjects, verbs, and objects. Sometimes their analysis is dead wrong. For example, one checker looked at the phrase "golf balls" and assumed that "golf" was a verb.

Some checkers point out confusing pairs of words. If you use a word like "effect," it will flag the word to ask if you really want to use "affect."This is confusing, even for skilled writers. It lets doubt creep into your mind.

The grammar checker cannot tell you which word is right for your sentence.

Your only recourse, if you' re not sure, is to use a dictionary — a good one, with complete definitions, usage notes, and example sentences.

Stay active Many checkers admonish you when you use the passive voice. In the active voice, the grammatical subject does the action, while the subiect is acted upon in a passive sentence. It's the difference between the active "We offer consulting services" and the passive "Consulting services are offered."

Active sentences are easier to read and understand, and t hey m ove y ou r p r o se along, so it is better to use the active voice.

But that does not mean that the passive is wrong. Sometimes, it is useful, especially when you want to deemphasize the doer of the action.

Politicallyworrect g r ammar c h eckers may question your use of the word "man."

Do you want to use a gender-neutral term like "human being"? Sometimes these suggestions are ludicrous, but they can be consciousness raising.

Some checkers will give you advice on writing style as well as grammar rules. If you write a long sentence or use a trite expression, the checker will suggest you revise your work.

Grammar checkers have different tones.

Some will phrase their suggestions cautiously, using words like "consider rewriting" and telling you that you should "avoid" a word that is, in fact, a serious error.

Other checkers are b rash and even intimidating. These checkers will tell you that a word is a spelling "error" instead of just admitting the word is "not in the dictionary."

Confident writers can deal with the suggestions their grammar checker throws at them. They know when the checker has parsed a sentence incorrectly or when its suggestion is over-cautious or just plain wrong.

Trust no one?

The biggest danger lies in over-reliance on a checker. Remember that language is too varied and complex for software to deal with effectively.

Learn to recognize your ow n w r i t i n g problems, and then use the computer to help you s po t t h em . For e x ample, if you' re a writer who over-uses the passive voice, as many technical writers do, then heed the warning and revise your sentence. ln the end, however, writing skills have to be developed the old-fashioned way, When students ask how they can become better writers, they get this advice: read a lot, read attentively, learn what mistakes you need to correct,and practice your

writing.

This may not be the quick fix that most technophiles would like, but the computer does not yet offer shortcuts to good writing. +

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P RO D U C T S : A N ••

By MYLES WHITE ••

nless you own a Mac or an old Commodore Amiga, combining television and your c omputer can be both expensive and frustrating. They don't work or play welt together.

Nevertheless,there are some practical reasons for combining TV video with computer graphics. Still-frame grabbers, for example, can add pictures from yoiu home videos to a personal electronic family album or Web page, or can be used in more sophisticated security systems or in electronic slide present'ations. And although storing moving images in native TV video format will eat up your hard drive, most of th e presentation applications (e.g., Freelance, /bwerPoint, and the ilk) can play back at least compressed AVI video Ales.

I know at least one home-based stock junkie with a t unerwqtdpped board who c ruises back and forth between Newsworld, CNN, and the cable company's stock quotes in a little window on screen. Being able to combine the two technologies to output the results to a large TV or tape can both bolster your home video collection and add interesting effects to company training or promotional videos.

Little things mean a lot It's the little things that will getcha every time, and there are several to keep in mind before you get down to brand/feature/price comparisons. Television in your PC atruays involves adding one or more circuit boatds to

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t he system that w eren't there w hen y o u bought it — unless you had a consultant create one for you for the express purpose of using it as a video platform. Although many companies make PC/rV products, not all of them are compatible with all products manufactured by the other folks (i.e., computer video controllers).

Unless cooperatingproducts are made by the same company (such as ATI Technologies or Matrox)and purchased atroughly the same time, there is no guarantee the two (or more) will work together.You really must check with all of the hardware suppliers and have a long. serious talk with the vendor before you buy.

I don't even want to talk about how "funny" some of the applications bundled with these products and/or theirdriver software can become in the presence of other software, other devices, and/or outdated (or better yet, newer) Windows DIL drivers. Seriously, folks, to start to invest heavy time and coin in PC/IV video, you gotta be on a mission.

Having a clear idea of what you want to do

ucts are going to have a bearing on the quality of the images you see and the images you get to work with. Most of the best quality products are for professional use (and carry a correspondingly stiff price), but for homelevel products, we' ve arbitrarily assigned an upper limit of $1,500,

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before you head out will also help, because I wasn't able to turn up any products that did everything, While several products will allow you to see motion, place video in a window and overlay computer graphics on it, or fiddle with frame captures, they don't necessarily a llow you t o s tore motion or c ome w i th tuners for channel-hopping.

I wasn't able to locate any products that would do both TV-toPC video input an d SVGA-to-TV output. These boards are a separate category.

Ready ene, take ttnruu For the most part, prices for PC/fV prod-

There's also one other little thing that may bite you, but it's largely dependent on which product(s) you choose and what you plan to do with them. PC/TV boards designed to provide full-screen video usually can't provide your monitor with a h orizontal frequency higher than 51.5 Hz. It's no big deal tcntlt you realize that the high-priced monitor you bought to give you ultra-high SVGA resolutions can't scan dotun that far (ask me how I know).

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You should probably investigate those comBut don't panic, Most of the examples in the sidebarcome forfarless.Asnoted above, both panies further via theirWeb pages.

There's also a smaller Canadian alternative of the large Canadian graphics controller pro. available through Markham, Ontario-based ducers, ATI Technologies and Matrox, have MIT Computer Supply, which has developed products compatible with several of their its own MicroJack line of products. This is one computer video products — for example, you of the places you could shop for a consuitant must have a Matrox Millenium to use the cornto build you a custom PC/TV video system, + pany's Illuminator board — but if we get into

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The teacher stands in front of the class and l ectures from w e l l thumbed notes. Students scribble m a dl y in binders, then r eturn home to memorize its.

This ancient, S ocratic i n ethod o f instruction is, thankI r fully, going the way of eI th e dino s aur, Today' s enlightened educator shapes learning expe• riences with the help of computers, video, telephone lines, and a global community of like-minded colleagues.

Distance education — the process of creating and providing access to learning when the source of information and the learners are separated — is nothing new. In fact, for over 25 years, students enrolled in correspondence courses have poured over textbooks, listened to audio tapes and radio

of benefits. Faculties unable to offer courses due to lack of qualified staff or facility restrictions plug i nt o e x i sting d i stanceeducation courses. Guest speakers and specialists in the areas of science, art, and literature are "invited" to address a group of students.

Collaborative projects between schools encourage the exchange of information and communication between diverse cultures.

Expert teachers team-teach to groups of remote students. Teachers-in-training are observed and critiqued unobtrusively by mentor teachers. Master teachers simultaneously instruct groups of distant teachers in learning strategies.

broadcasts, or vvatched television screens in pursuit of higher learning. More recently, self-pared computer courses deliver information to students at any time of day in the

According to Sherie Neal, manager of the Bell Centre, courses are designed to soften the effect of high technology. Participants are maiied a personalized welcome letter before the course begins. There are teambuilding activities. Distant colleagues may get acquainted through short video tours of each other's neighbourhoods.

Teletraining I n s titute, a te n - year-old, American-based firm, handles content and curriculum for the Centre. Dr. Lorne Parker and Alice Parker, a married couple, combine their instructional technology, adult education, and communications experience to produce material that ensures content does not take a backseat to technology.

Since videoconferencing runs the risk of becoming simply a glorified way to lecture long distance, the Parkers preach a varied use of graphic material. A strictly video diet of "talking heads" quickly instills boredom.

The challenge remains to i n c orporate other ways to deliver meaning. Onscreen computer-generated presentations, video clips, collaborative use of electronic white boards, and object demos through the use of a document handler — all of these methods serve to vary the pace of a g r o up videoconference.

privacy of their own home.

In this column, I' ll focus on group videoconferencing, a relatively new, yet burgeoning offspring of distance education.

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Gearing up Imagine yourself seated in a typical classroom. At the front of the room is a largescreen monitor, with a camera mounted on top. Four or five television monitors hang from the ceiling at the back and sides of the room. Every few seats c o ntain an ovalshaped, built-in microphone and a panel with several switches. There is also a huge white board at the front of the class, connected to the teacher *s computer, and what looks like a compact small overhead projector that sports a miniature camera.

This was the scene that greeted me on a recent tour o f B ell Canada's Centre for Distance Education, housed in G eorge Brown College'sCasa Lorna campus.A joint venture between Bell, George Brown, and Oklahoma's Teletraining Institute for di stance education, the Centre showcases the latest in v i deoconferencing technology, while delivering model courses in distance education.

Pioneering Ontario universities have also explored the benefits of this live, interactive video-based medium. Western, Queens, and Waterloo all deliver group videoconferencing sessions.

What's the point?

Group videoconferencing boasts plenty

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Does It work for education?

But to echo the words of communications guru Marshall McLuhan, video is by nature a passive medium. Will students reared on a diet of one-way television react to it i n a l e arning situation? How must videoconferencing architects shape this two-way video connection to make it educationally sound?

Big brother?

Ergonomics plays a big role in classroom design. Students and instructors need to be clearly heard over microphones and easily viewed by remote cameras. And a room full of high-tech equipment can be an intimidating place.

CBCI is a Canadian firm quickly earning its laurels in the fast-paced videoconferencing

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arena. The only Canadian systems integrator and manufacturer of v i d eoconferencing technology to date, CBCI installations exist at the University of Montreal, George Brown College, the University of Western Ontario, and Simon Fraser University.

Videoconferenced rooms must be built to enhance learning. Students don't want to drum their fingers on the desk as they wait for a r e sponse to t h eir q uestions.

Audio links must be clear and seemingly instantaneous. Blurry, hazy screen images just don't make the grade. They must be crisp and distortion free.

Better-equipped videoconferenced classrooms offer flexible modes of instructional delivery. Facilitators may begin at the podium addressing both immediate and remote classrooms. Then they might place an object on the document handler for a high-tech show and tell.A short video clip might be next. For the finale, perhaps a ten-minute interactive session with another distance educator using an electronic white board.

Smooth management ofgroup videoconferencing takes practice and knowledge of the powers of electronic media. Instructors may temporarily don the role of stage managers as they learn their way around microphones and video touchpads.

Eventually, techno-gadgets become just another way of delivering the messagealbeit one a millennium away from dusty chalk and blackboard memories!

5andra Mingail is a Toronto-basedcomputer educator and consultant. Send comments or questions to mingail@idired.corn +

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onsumer avice ana ians c ers ace ~ • By PAUL KING • • You are now reading what may be the only detailedsource ofadvice for Canadian cybershoppersforsome time to come.

The Canadiangovernment currently offers no advice to consumers on how to protect themselves online. Worse, Canadian government agencies are often full of conflicting, and often incorrect advice on where to go for help when consumers feel taken in by a false online advertisement. This is a dangerous lack of leadership, which can only cause problemsfor both consumers and business.

If me are allowed to extrapolate the statistics from the US Federal Trade Commission, we could have a potential 1.4 million Canadian households (about 5 m i llion Canadians) doing business by modem this year — few of whom have any idea how to protect their privacy or their money on the

people/warlord/pgp-faq.html Canadian law, under section 52 of the Competition Act, does not define "advertising." According to Timothy Denton, legal counsel to the Canadian Association of Internet Providers, the Canadian phrase "misleading representation" is open to broader interpretation and has fewer loopholes. Thus, a "misleading representation" need not be an advertisement, according to Denton.

C ecile Suchal, spokesperson for t h e Competition Bureau of Industry Canada, agrees: whether you are shopping through the classifiieds, over the phone, by mail-order, or through a bulletin board service, the same laws apply.

The Internet can be a safe place to shop when proper precautions are taken. As always, the rule of "buyer beware" applies, and it is always best to shop around. +

There is a definite solution to the privacy problem: a military-grade encryption called PGP, or "Pretty Good Privacy."The user sends a message, which PGP scrambles. The message can only be descrambled by the recipient,who has the key.You can obtain PGP on the Web at http: //www.ifii.uio.no/pgp/ For more information about PGP, there is a FAQ located at http: //www.mit.edu:8001/

of Commerce degree is now available to students who want

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What makes the Internet different from doing business elsewhere is the fact that you never see the seller in person. You also cannot see any storefronts or physical goods.

Every business looks as established, and as legitimate, as anything else in cyberspace.

If the Internet is to be a popular place to shop, it must be a place where there is a trusting relationship between the buyer and seller.

First of all, what kinds of rip-offs really happen in cyberspace? Surprisingly (or maybe not), the same riff s t hat happen everywhere else: get-richquick schemes, chain letters, false or misleading advertising, fee seams, something-for-nothing scheines — the list goes on.

Luckiily, very little crime has actually happened in Canada involving the Internet to date.The first and only case in Canadian courts so far involves a Calgary telemarketing company called "The Integrity Group," who have been charged with numerous counts under the Competition Act, induding misleading advertising, The way they mere arrested reveals the fact that the Internet has no police jurisdiction: even though Integrity operated in Alberta, Manitoba, and Ontario, the charges were laid by th e Calgary police — not the RCMP. A major issue with many cybershoppers is online privacy. Hackers can "overhear" an unsuspecting buyer entering their creditcard number or password on a Web page or on an e-mail. Their next bill may include a myriad of mysterious purchases, and charges.

Bachelor of Commerce Degree

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ISDN stands for Integrated Services Digital Network. Basic rate ISDN (BRI) splits the telephone line into 3 digital channels: 2 "B" channels and one "D" channel. The B channels are used to transmit data (voice or electronic), at rates of 64 Kbps. The D channel communicates with the telephone network.

With two B channels, you can make two calls simultaneously, and each is assigned a separate phone number.

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Okay, I admit that the thought of 64 Kbps Internet access did have me drooling. But I'd aLso heard the horror stories. Like most other technological terrors however, this one proved to be more frustrating than frightening, and it was not as painful as I imagined it would be.

The installation went smoothly, with a little help from the tech support at Netopia and the ISP, who provided tweaking instructions. We had to call twice to confirm that our SPID (Service Profile Identifier) was entered correctly, and I discovered that my serial card had t o b e r e placed. Overall, though. it was no more challenging than installing any other modem.

I found the installation relatively painless, and the speed improvement tempting, but I was not completely convinced that ISDN was one of my "have-to-haves." It did not seem to me that brovvsing speed was greatly improved.

The benelits for downloading files are limited to the top speed of the sites one is connecting to. I found consistent 28.S Kbps speeds at many popular sites, indicating to me that many of them have not yet invested in ISDN. The top speeds were at my home Web site, where I do most of my file transfers, so the speed did make a difference, but not enough to warrant the expense in my case.

I would reconsider that judgement, however, if I was supporting a LAN, or if I were regularly connecting to another high-speed site. In fact, ISDN rates and services are very attractive networking solutions to s mall

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Be virtuous My recommendation for end-users and consumers is to wait a few months before upgrading to ISDN, especially if you have a slower computer that is begging for memory. Invest in some (currently bargain priced) RAM chips and/or a new motherboard-and by the time you' ve saved up some spare cash, ISDN modem prices will have come down to reasonable levels. This is definitely the toy of the "power user" or small business, still currently the principal target markets for ISDN. You should be able to obtain ISDN access through your regular provider at similar rates to those charged for ordinary dial-up services. Some comparison-shopping might be in order here, and the best place to start is BC Tel's Facts by Fax SOO-578-ISDN (4736) where you' ll be promted on which info sheets you want. End users must still purchase a phone line from BCTel, so it may be best to stick w it h t h eir recommended providers.

Cet out your rulers ISDN service is not universally available (even within city limits). You must be within a given distance of BC Tel's equipment (generally within 18,000 feet). To determine whether your wiring will support ISDN, call BC Tel (432-ISDN or 800-355-3282) for a "line

qual ification. "

This may take from hours to days, depending on your location and the work load, so plan ahead. When BC Tel arrives to install the new line, you will require an 8-pin jack plus labour ($9S/hr for the first hour and $18 for each additional I/4 hour) for wiring charges (the average installation takes about 15 minutes). ISDN costs $80-140 per month depending your rate group.

Your ISDN hardware and software choices impact how your ISDN service needs to be configured. You might not want to purchase new hardware until you are sure you can get ISDN. Some Internet providers, like imagi.net, offer s pecial p a ckages that include the legwork, hardware, software, and technical support

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to seeyou through to a successfulconnecIf you are looking for a continuous contion. nection, such as connecting a Web server Choosing a modem is the tricky part. They come in a w ide array o f s t y les a n d prices, from the BitSurfr Pro ($495) to the Netopia ISDN Modem (the model I u s ed retails for $600).You will want o p i a I SON Internet Solut i ons an ISDN modem with an NTI i nterface if you w ant t o b e able to plug in a phone or fax, and will require a 16550 UART serial port, if you choose an external model.

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Some final ISDN tips Remember y o u r S e r v ic e P r o f i le identifier (SPID). Your set-up software may call for this number, and I am told by Netopia staff that it is a comfnon stickingpoint at technical support. Doublecheck it with your Bell ISDN insmiler.

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Brandl Jasmine is a freelance writer, illustrator, and moderator for Oracle Lists. For un/subscribe instructions, please write to nitefall@idlrect.corn or visit http: // web.ldirect.corn/-bjasrninei a()d click on oJasmine's Lists." O

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Not only did Apple announce it lost only $32 million last quarter — much less than most analysts and other Apple watchers had estimated — but it also held a mega-party the night before the show that buoyed the spirits of all attendees.

More than 20 new computer models were introduced by Apple and its cloning competitors. Apple itself announced four new Power Macs and two new Performa models, ranging in speed from 132 MHz to 200 MHz. One of these Power Macs was the company's first venture into th e m u ltiprocessor world. The Pomer Mac 9500/180MP features two 180 MHz 604e screamers and is targeted at those who need lots of power and don' t mind spending the bucks to get it.

Genesis of the clones Not t o be out d o ne , D ayStar D i g ital aruiounced three multi-processor Mac clones named Genesis that wiII be equipped with two to four (i04e CPU chips, ranging in speed from 180 MHz t o 20 0 M Hz! "Geesh," the Ranting One overheard afellow press hack saying, "no wonder we' re getting all these blackouts."

T he t al k of the tow n w as Po w e r Computing's PowerTower Pro 225, a 225 MHz bruiser that comes with 16 MB of RAM, an 8X CD-ROM drive, and bit-busting 604e CPU chip.

The cost? MacWorld attendees could pick up one of these high-end boxes for less than five US Big Ones.

However, most missed the c onnection between the Power Computing bungee jump and the possible future of computing. Brave (and presumably life insured) MacWorld attendees coukl jump from a suitably high crane, saved from certaindeath by only a thin cord.

Now that Power Computing's got the fastest Mac — or PC for that matter — the Ranting One wondered how long it mould be before Intel's product managers started doing the jumping.

After all, could Intel's near-monopoly on CPU chips be threatened by the PowerMac consortium? Well, it's a nice thought, anyway.

Free editor with every meal No, it's not some new marketing promo we' re trying at Toronto Computes! to boost

c irculation. Rather, it's a comment on h o w

many MacWorld exhibitors were flogging their Web-related wares. If exhibiting companies weren't rolling out t heir high-speed clones, they were selling (and sometimes giving away) their HTML editors.

For example, Apple's software sub, Claris, announced its Home Page software, an easyto-use Web-authoring solution for people new to the Net. The cross-platform software is now shipping at a suggested retail price of US$99.

As an added bonus, aHClnris Home Page purchasers will receive a coupon for six months of free Web hosting.

A company called gon«t ("no capital letters for us,please")wa s giving away the basic version of its HTML editor and charging the magic $99 for its full Pro version. With gonet's product, you could "go from zero to Web in about five or ten minutes — no foolin'," a sales rep barked at the assembled crowd.

Adobe, famous for its PageMill editor, was also showing off its new wares. The company p romised th e m u c h-needed u p date t o PageMill will ship this month. Judging by the ferocious HTML competition, Adobe better get its act in gear, and fast.

The newest version of HoTMeiaL Pro, from Toronto's SoftQuad, was also being showcased at MacWorld. SoftQuad's CEO, Dave Gurney,led off a press conference by showing how to use his product. Frankly, if the boss can use the product (and not rely on the geeky tech folks to work their magic), it must be easy, right?

If you' re serious about HTML editing on the Mac — and it seemed that everyone was fixated on t hi s t o pic d u r ing th e show — give SoftQuad a call (1-800-360-8454). As they say in Califortiia: "kewV."

Party on!

Some Apple execs stepped into the lions' den when they hosted a closed party for the company's top corporate and education customers after hours. Marco Landi (Apple's new COO) „marketing SVP Satjiv Chahil, and others were on hand to give their story to the assembled crowd.

J im Gable, A p ple's veep in charg« o f AppleSoft and Robin Abrams, now in charge of salesfor Apple Americas,were in attendance as well.

The party was notable for those Apple folks

nor in attendance. Paul Wollaston, one of Apple's key multimedia gurus, for example, was MIA. Rumours flew through the assembled community that he might be doing aged Clampett, loading up his truck and moving to Bevy-Iy. Hills that is. Swimming pools. Movie stars.

One company not moving any time soon is Iomega Corp.

Th e storage company announced it will work with VST Technologies to develop an internal Zip drive for PowerBook owners. lomega's new notebook version of the 100 MB Zip drive will be available in the first quarter of 1997 and will plug directly into the floppy drive bay of Mac PowerBook 190 and 5300 computers. Very kewl!

If you have news of an impending voyage or just a quick walk on water, why not share it? Be clear, concise, and fawning and send your tip to David Rosen c/o 7oronto Computes!or directly at MacRant@aol.tom.

Please note that due to the volume of mail, individual questions cannot be answered. +

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' I I I I THE HEA VV HITTEAS Ante bnnhstedagarejnstaspnnl erfnlandfnllgfeaturedasdeshtnpPCs.Arethegleavingpnrtabili tgbehind?

• • By LYNN CREINER •

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My first notebook computer weighed 4 pounds, had 32 KB RAM (I expanded it from the base 16 KB), an 8 line, 40 column monochrome LCD screen, an 80C85 processor, and no disk drives. I saved files on an audio cassette, and used a speedy 300 baud modem for communications.

This was state of the art in 1984. And just over ten years later, look where we are.AII of the notebooks in this roundup are quite capable of becoming replacements for a desktop madiine, with hard drives in the gigabyte range and memory capacities that would have put a minicomputer to shame in my first notebook's day.

The hard drives, in the main, are removeable, allowing users to share a notebook yet s till have personalized systems.'And if a machine malfunctions, if the disk drive isn' t the faulty component, it can be switched into another computer while the sick machine is getnng fixed.

Today's notebooks offer 800 x 600 video or better, on decent-sized TFT (thin-fihn tnmsistor) colour screens. They run speedy Pentium processors — Intel has just announced a 150 MHz chip for mobile use — over a PCI bus, and almost routinely support SoundBlaster compatible stereo audio, and infrared for wireless communications with peripherals.

CD-ROM drives are no longer a luxury, e ither — they' re almost a n e cessity w i t h today's software, so they' re included in many mid- and high~d natebooks. Panasonic has even introdured a notebook with a rewritable optical drive that doubles as a CD reader (the PD/CD-ROM drive), for under $10,000.

Most of the machines with CD-ROM drives fit them in by leaving out the floppy drive.

You must remove the CD-ROM drive and slip a diskette drive into its place. Some vendors also use tins bay for devires as diverse as extra batteries and TV tuners.

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Getting the point Where a trackball was once the "standard" notebook pointing device, now the split is between tracksticks (those little nubs on the keyboard that act like mini-joysticks) and

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touch pads. Each takes some getting used to, and many of the users I deal with use standard desktop mice while they' re in the office.

I' ve also found that, with touch pads, the cursor "sticks" occasionally — you lift your finger from the pad after dragging and dropping something, and when you attempt to move the cursor elsewhere, the dragged item tries to

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go with it. This is not a band-specific problem, so I suspect it's generic to the technology.

On the plus side, touch pads don't get gummed up by dust and sticky fingers. They may become unpleasant to touch, but they' ll still work. And tracksticks, although they are affected by environmental grunge, are less finicky than trackballs.

All we can say about battery technology is that it's holding its own. The new Lithium lon batteries, s tandard i n mos t h ig h -end m achines, can power the units for 2 to 3.5 hours, depending on which devices you' re using. (Nickel Metal Hydride — NiMH — is the

second choice. Avoid NiCad!) This is a tribute to both the battery makers and the PC designers, since the number and complexity of powerMrawing components has increased, yet usage per charge remains more or less constant.

It still won't run a machine on battery during a transcontinental plane trip, or an extralong meeting, though. New technologies, like Lithium Polymer, are under development.

What a cardi PC Card (PCMCIA) slots are stiH critical, for modems, network i n t e rfaces, and SCSI adapters, and new notebooks now boast slots using the speedy CardBus. Be cautious about these units if you' re running Windows 3.11, though — there's a glitch in one of the rommon chipsets used to let cards talk to the computer that can prevent some cards from working under Windows 3.11 (Windows 95 uses a different mechanism, so it works fine).

My old, faithful 1984 notebook still has one major advantage over these desktop replace* ment marvels — it s half the weight. Today' s systems tip the scales at between 6 and 8 pounds, and by the time you add extras like an A/C adapter, you' re hauling quite a load! We w eighed the h eaviest o f t h e b u nc h w e reviewed (the Toshiba) in its canvas carrying bag, with separate floppy drive, cables and (slim) manual — I '3.5 pounds!

Shapping tips: buy as much memory as you can afford (preferably Extended Data Output, or EDO) — 16 MB should be the min imurii you consider, since Windows 95 is preloaded on all of the (PC) machines, and it loves memory. Ditto for the hard drive — get the biggest you can. Try not to settle far less than 800 MB, because applications and operating systems are disk hogs these days (that's why they come on CD-ROM).

Audio should be 16-bit SoundBlaster Pro compatible. If fuII-motion video is a priority,

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Powerful Pentium and

Cover is showing its age (it's a whole year old), but we can't forget that it pioneered a number of the features we now routinely see on new PC systems. It boasts a 100 MHz PowerPC RISC processor, a bright 10.4.inch active-matrix colour display, a 750 MB hard drive, and 16 MB of RAM. It was the first notebook to offer a trackpad, though unlike the ones available on PCs, you can't dick the mouse button by simply tapping the pad.

There's 16-bit audio, with a single little speaker under the Apple logo at the bottom centi> of the display, built-in infrared, and dual PC Card slots. The floppy drive may be removed and replaced with other Expansion Bay modules.

look for Zoom Video capabilities, for smooth

MPEG playback.

Try out the keyboard to make sure its touch and operation suit you — keyboard preference i s a matter of t aste. And check for a Kensington lock slot (a specially reinforced opening that secures a hardened-steel locking cable), so you can tie this expensive toy down when it's unattended.

Now let's have a brief look at some of the newest crop of high-end notebook computers (unfortunately, the Compaq Armada and Digital HiNote Ultra II were unavailable; look for reviews in future issues).

I/lac daddy The sole non-Intel machine we looked at, the 6.2-pound Macintosh PowerBook 5500c,

I don't pretend to he a Mac guru, but per-

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• • By MARA CULENS •

•

Does our cover shot bring back memories from one of this summer's blockbusters, Mssfnn: Impossfble?

"No way. This is not just Tom Crttise. This guy is more radical than that!" says Ivan Kristoff, while suspended from ropes during the shooting of this month's "Mission: Possible" cover.

Kristoff makes a living taking his laptop, digital camen, video, and other high<ech panphernalia to absuzdly high locations. Like Spiderman, he crawls around the walls of high-rise buildings, doing onwite wall investi-

P entium Pr o P o r t a b l e s

umraN! gations, maintenance, and even renovations.

For example, this year he was the one called on to scale the Royal Bank Plaza building in Toronto, when a four-metre piece of metal was found dangling dangerously from high up above.

With ropes and harnesses and no fear of heights, Ivan can do a week's work in one day,saving companies money by pointing out, recording, and solving problems before they get out of control.

"By the end of the drop, I can print out a document, give you a diskette, or show you the image on a laptop," says Kristoff.

Need a 50th storey window caulked? Got a cat stuck on a hot tin roof? According to Kostoff,there's no one else in Canada who can do the job quite as quickly and effidently.

Kristoff's long-term vision is to coordinate the first urban high-rise search-and-rescue team, which would provide emergency response and post-accident investigation using wireless communications and multimedia laptops. He's also interested in highrise security, since, he claims, "real professionals don't come in from the ground."

With a laptop, Kristoff can do what he does best almost anywhere — as long as it begins with "r,""You can find me with a laptop on the road, on a rope, on a rack, on a rock, on a roof, on a radio and in rescueresponse," he says. +

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formance seems brisk enough, and the Lithium Ion battery provides 3 to 5 hours of computing time per charge. The 5300c costs about $4,199.

Send me an angel T he Angel 5600, also k nown a s t h e "Performer,"is from Canadian Advanced Industries in Mississauga (1-888-322-6435 or (905) 5014375). In a 7-pound box, they' ve managed to squeeze in a 100 MHz Pentium, 16 MB RAM, 810 MB removable hard drive,

with a 3.5-inch floppy drive and a 6X CDROM drive simultaneously available. The 12.1-inch TFT 800 x 600 display is clear and bright; the pointing device is a touchpad.

Audio is 16-bit SoiindBlaster compatible, and there's also a 11 5 K bp s I rDAwompliant infrared p o rt , p l u s t h e u s ual o t h ers.

Performance was thoroughly acceptable.

The keyboard is fairly standard, and comfortable to type on.A Windows 95 keyboard is optional. Battery life is average, or a little less

than average — they use NiMH batteries — and you can buy a bulky but powerful external battery pack that clips onto the back of the m achine.

The Performer, as configured, lists for $4,697; base price is $3,999. For an extra thousand dollars, the Presenter (model 5300) comes with a screen that turns into an LCD

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Long-distance runner The AST Ascentia P50 is a lively 133 MHz Pentium system. Our review unit came with 8

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MB RAM (inadequate — AST later sent an upgrade to 16 MB), a 1.2 GB hard drive, and a backlit 11.3-inch TFT screen with 800 x 600 resolution. The pointing device is a touchpad.

Two stereo speakers reside in the palmrest; sound quality is adequate, but there are jacks for external speakers should you need better.

The hard drive is removable, and the quadspeed CD-ROM drive may be replaced with a 3.5-inch floppy drive. Chuck a second battery in, and AST claims up to 10 hours of computing.

Ports include a 115 Kbps IrDA~ompliant infrared, plus the usual serial, parallel, external video, and keyboard/mouse. There's also a game port, and a connection for the optional port replicator.

The k eyboard's functional keys are arranged rather oddly, with the Insert and Delete keys up in the top right comer. But its cursor keys are in a convenient inverted "T" configuration, the Shift, Tab, Backspace, and Enter keys are all of a good size, it has the special Windows 95 function keys, and its touch suits me.

One nuisance: PgUp is next to the right Shift key, and I kept hitting it by mistake.

The Ascentia P wasn't the fastest performer in the bunch, but it held its own well. Prices start at around $6,999.

Big guns Dell's Latitude LM P133ST comes loaded for bear, with a 133 MHz Pentium processor, 16 MB RAM, 810 MB hard drive, and quad-speed CD-ROM (scheduled to become 6X this Fall), for $4,999.

The bright 1 2 .1-inch active-matrix TFT colour display is clear and easy to read. Stereo speakers live in the top corners of the keyboard, while a touchpad occupies the centre of the palmrest.

All of the review machines have dual PC Card (PCMCIA) slots, but Dell has put the cardwject buttons for the two on opposite sides of the slots, making it much easier to remove one card without accidentally popping the other. The slots are protected by shutters, rather than the usual door that flops down and often snaps off.

The keyboard is a scant '/ s inch deeper than AST's, but i t's better organized, with Home, End, PgUp, and PgDn marching down the right edge. Enter and Backspace keys aren"t as large as I'd like, but they are double sized, Sixteen-bit stereo sound, standard ports, plus 115 Kbps IrDA round out the Latitude's basic features, and its Lithium lon battery supplies enough power to run them all for a solid 3 hours, with a bit of j uice left over. Dell includes tools that keep the battery performing at its best.

New port, large keys The Hewlett Packard OmniBook 5500 CT is a 7-pound, 120 or 133 MHz Pentium with 16 MB RAM and a 1.35 GB hard drive. Its removable floppy drive can be replaced with an optional CD-ROM drive. The 800 x 600 12.1inch TFT display has external brightness and contrast controls, rather than the function key adjustments most of the others offer.

The IrDA port is the newer,4 Mbps flavour, and thereare connections for NTSC/PAL and S-Video as well as the usual outputs (including SoundBlaster Procompatible 16-bit stereo sound).

The removable floppy drive has a built-in

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Cover cable that lets you plug it in to the parallel port if its bay is occupied by the CD-ROM or an optional extra battery.

The keyboard has large, flat keys that make it ideal for users with big hands, and its feel is more responsive than I would have expected. The pointing device is a tiackstick.

Periormance is not earthshaking, but quite acceptable, Ag Ascenlja p50 as was battery life. Prices start at $8,170.

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~,;+~/,'::P Th e IBM ThinkPad 560's claim to hme is its ..':~ @~~'-'- size. It's a skinny little item (1.2-inches "thick ) that weighs just over 4 pounds, yet it has a brilliant 12.1-inch 800 x 600 screen, 120 MHz Pentium processor, 8 MB RAM, and 810 MB hard drive. The floppy drive plugs into a port on one side.

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Audio hardware is 16bit SoundBlaster Pro compatible, and there's an external thumbwheei for volume control.

The ports include the usual suspects, protected by a rubk ber cover that comes completely olf —so it will disappear in short order.1here's a connection on the bottom j that mates with an optional docking station.

Performance and battery life were both indifferent Toshlba Tetra N0 CDT (even a 100 MHz machine blew its socks off by compar ison), but the ~ d 560 i sn't about performance, it' s about portabiTity.And portable it is. It's so light that when I received the box, I thought they'd forgotten to put the computer into it. Prices start at $3,999.

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PrOteCting VOIIf lletIIIOfk Data • • By SEAN ELRINCTON •

•

A part of every organization's Internet strategy should be arisk assessment and recovery plan in the event of an electronic break-in. Hackers tend to choose relatively quiet times such as long weekends or evening hours to mount a prolonged attack so the first you may hear of it is on a

Monday morning when you getcalls from panic stricken users who cannot find crucial files or log onto the network. A bit of forethought can make ail the difference in recovering from an attack.

A good place to start reviewing your security arrangements is by doing a detailed risk assessment. There are a limited number of things a hacker can do ta your network and any attack is likely to fall into one of several general categories.

Denial of service. This is the most difficult

respond to possibly fake ICMP packets.

Impersonation. Sending a fake email is a fairly easy thing to do and any organization which relies heavily on email to conduct business should treat incoming inessages with suspicion. An unscrupulous competitor can masquerade as a trusted customer to send you fake orders via email, causing confusion when the orders are shipped. It is also possible to doctor web pages to place false or embarrassing information on them or even fake postings to controversial newsgroups.

You should educate users about the potential for hke email and perhaps look at getting some encryptionor authentication package such as PGP or Entrust. This will entail some administrative overhead in tndning users and keeping track af keys, but it does reinforce the message to end

• .

V d :- Networ k i n g

type of attack to defend against and the easiest to mount. An at tacker can simply flood your network

pipe by sending continuous pings to your routers or they can exhaust the disk space on your mail server by sending thousands of garbage messages.

This type of attack does not require any access to your system other than knowing the IP address of your gateway. Web servers are particularly vulnerable to these types of attacks since the TCP/IP protocol was not really designed with security in mind and you can exploit design flaws to, for example, hang server ports so the entire server must be rebooted.

While it is difficult to prevent these attacks they are not usually extremely damaging (of course, if you are, say, a political party and someone crashes your national network on the eve of an election)

users that the Internet is not a very private or trustworthy place. You should also regularly inspect your web site to make sure that it hasn' t

been hacked and altered.

TheA of data. Electronic industrial espionage can be devastating to small companies, particuhrly those engaged in software development. An attackcan come fram anywhere and ifyour beta code is stolen by an attacker on the other side of the world you have tdrtually no legal recourse, Kevin Mitnik, the s<walied 'Superhacker', who eluded the FBI for two years before being caught, was particularly good at stealing information. One of his file stashes contain«d Silicon Graphics source code, cellular phone software from Qualcomm, sniffer logs from Motorola's Semiconductor Products Internet gateway computer, an entire password file from apple.corn, Apple Computer's gateway to the Internet, lots of programs from a software company called lntermetrics, cell phone source code from a manufacturer and other software tools for breaking into computers in various ways.

Simply put, if certain data is highly proprietary and confidential you need to wonder whether the system should be connected to the outside world at all. If you must connect to the Internet, put a firewall in phce to protect secure subnets and look at using strong authentication methods such as passcards to verify access i.o confidential servers. If possible, limit access to your network to business hours so that any attempt to come in after hours or on weekends is denied even if the attacker is using a stolen account.

Destruction of data Hackers are by nature a

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curious lot, and if they get in they arc likely io

poke around in your network trying to read or copy files. Hacking cookbooks with techniques for breaking into systems are freely available on the Internet and, while most hackers aren't malicious, a clueless amateur bumbling around in your Ale system could easily have an accident trying out commands and moving files around. Every organization should have a data recovery plan in the event of a lire, server failure or other disaster and having a plan to restore data lost to a hacker

should be part of that plan.

Tralan Horses. If you find that you have had a break-in you have no choice but to treat every file and program on your system with suspicion. A hacker may not need high level access to your system to place a Trojan horse in a directory which willcreate a backdoor when an unsuspecting user executes it. After a break-in you wig need to reload the operating system from the original media and restore every file using a backup. Even then, you must be aware that an attacker in the past could have brokenin undetected and your backup tapes may therefore contain altered files.

Proxy attacks. Some network administrators take a relaxed attitude toward security because they don't have any valuable or irreplaceable information to worry about, but they forget that once an attacker has gained ac:cess to your system they

can use it as a platform to attack someone else.

This is particularly worrying type of attack because the legal implications are still virtually unknown in Canada. IfCompany X can trace a break-in back to an account at Company Y (a fierce competitor) can they sue for damages? How can Company Y prove that they too were victims! Do they have a legal obligation to prevent their computer systems from being used in a malicious way?

While this is a fascinating legal issue I doubt that any firm would want to pay the legal fees involved in defending a court case.

Network security is always a trade off between end user c onvenience, cost an d s ecurity.

Developing a security plan for your company means doing a risk assessment, preparing disaster recovery plans,educating users,purchasing and configuring some protection technology such as a firewall, encryption package or auditing software and keeping a vigilant eye on every byte going in and out of your organization. It is not a trivial exercise and it entails getting the support of senior

executives and an appropriate budget. Remember, a hacker has time on his side - he only has to win once. You have to win everyday.

Sean I'Irington speclaftzesin WA!Ys, firewalls and network security, He can be reached at ZED Data 47$-2574 or vtaemail at seane@zed.ca. +

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The game takes place in a beautifully-drawn old mansion, full of oddly-shaped rooms and animated furniture. As well, the 13 rooms of the mansion are populated by a gang of outrageous ghosts and monsters, who offer up keys in exchange for items collected during the cowse of the game. The player carries a bag from room to room, and in this bag, the collected items are stored. Each player gath-

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• • By Oavid Anderson • • The CD-ROM game format lends itself to haunted house games very nicely, as evidenced by this remarkable collection of fun activities, published b y B y r o n P r eiss Multimedia and distributed by The Microsoft

Corporation. The Ultimate Haunted House is a very clever game, full of hidden surprises, mysterious puzzles, and straightforward hilarity. The player must locate and obtain 13 hidden keys in 13 hows of game play, or its back to the creepy hallways and dark dungeons of the haunted mansion forever. Before describing the intriguing situations, let me congratulate the designers for two big accomplishments. F i r st, there is no limit to the munber of players; new players do not need to erase the progress of previous players in order to sign in and play.

S econd, the fact that i n-

ers a different selection of ghoulish treasures as thegame progresses.Click on the bag, and the items pop up, one at a time. Drag the object in view over to the monster or ghost, and drop it. If the monster likes the offering, it will let the player know. If the monster really likes the gift, it will give up a precious key, to be returned to the old clock in the foyer.

The objects can be as innocent as toy trumpets, to trap the little boy monster, or as gross

as hackedwff arms and little piles of stomach contents. Certain ghosts have specific tastes and needs, so it is part of the strategy to psy-

choanalyze the creepy house-dwellers, to get ore keys from them. There are also many uzzles to solve, which uncover hidden keys ehind panels and walls. There is a great little iano in the music room, which plays little uncs in various hysterical voices, such dogs «rking, belching and passing wind, screamng, and regular creepy organ.

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O ther rooms offer t h e opportunity to create a personalized monster, choosing parts from the eyeball drawer, the brain bin, etc. A well designed monstercan actually help you later in the game, so it p ays t o p r actice.

Another r oo m has a i c k le/torture rack, which (surprise, surprise!) some

monsters actually like. There are disgusting ingredients to cook with in the kitchen, and the bathroom is hiding some dancing cockroaches. There are also some classic horror videos in the movie room. In the library, there are books which can be opened and read.

These books contain special recipes and hints to finding keys. This makes the game interesting toa wide range of ages.Younger children are attracted by the unpredictable surprises, and older children are compelled to solve the game with logic and memory, to be the first to get the special reward cartoon, sound, or screen saver which is offered to the collector of all 13 keys.

In the fmt , current market of $40 to $50 CDR 0 M games, T h e Ultimate Haunted House is a very good purchase. Staying power is the measure of success, and this game mill gather little dust on your software shelf. The events are randomized so that no two games will ever repeat themselves, except for the personalities of the ghosts, which tend to remain constant, Good art, good sounds, good music enhance a well-designed, entertaining gallic.

Dovid Anderson is anelementory schoolteocher ondparent. He c a n b e r e ached at d avid and ersonC amindtink.bc ca. + s

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Getting Psychod,Fox ogJ~B g • • By STEVE BAIN • • City, Canada's largest credit union, has a reputation for being a leader in innovative banking. Recently, they reminded their customers af this once again by forming a partnership with BC Tel Interactive, in order to provide VanCity customers with five free hours of Internet training.

The move is an effort ta take some of the intimidation out of c omputers and the World Wide Web and prepare their customers for the inevitable conveniences af online banking through the Internet. In keeping with their innovative style, VanCity is planning to launch an Internet banking service of sorts at some point within the coilliilg year.

If they wish, banking customers at VanCity can already perform most banking transactions —short of actually receiving cash in hand — using their home computers, by using proprietary software and dialing a sperial access number. An estimated 12,000 customers already do so.

For most credit unions, trust companies, and banking customers, financial transactions through the Internet will be a hard sell. Many people already fear the integrity of online banking, based on media reports describing the ease with which unscrupulous computer hackers can violate even the most sophisticated security systems.

VPl quietly hits the Web Now that Vancouver's downtown skyline features the new multimillion dollar jewel that is the city's newest library facility, will anyone really need to fight traffic and park-

ing to get there? It may come as a surprise to some, but the entire Vancouver Public Library (VPL) has always been available online, just not in the usual way.

Before the World Wide Web bemme a household term, library patrons could browse through the library system's catalogue from the comfort of wherever, and search, locate, reserve, or transfer books to a branch nearest them through terminal access via computer modem — at (604) 6655010. This electronic catalogue service, which is still accessible, even provides personal mail notices to expectant patrons, letting them know when their reserved tomes arrive.

The VPL has gone Hollywood now, you might say. Three months ago, the facility launched a Web site (http: //www.vpl.vancouver.bc.ca) providing a cavalcade of information on library, community, and city access, plus links to related Web sites.

Catalogue access is provided through a software link, which requires that your Internet browser be configured to use a telnet application to connect to it. Once successfully connected, it's the next best thing to being there.

Satellitesgive fastest Web access Forget high-speed phone-line modems or cable modems. Connecting to the Web via a satellite dish provides the fastest access (one-way, at least) by far. Telesat Canada's DirecPC service, now piped through their Anik-E2 satellite, offers data-transfer downloading rates of up to 400 kilobits per second, which works out to roughly 28 times that of a common 14.4 Kbps modem hooked up to a phone line. The service is

now available through Vancouver Internet service provider Cyberion Networking Corp. They claim that the satellite service is much more flexible than ISDN access, which is available only to select markets.

Unfortunately, the service may only be realistic for the very Internet intense. The cost of using this service begins with the purchase of a S1,000 personal satellite dish and its associated hardware and software.

Once the dish is connected to your computer,you must have an account with a service provider, which can range between $25 and S40 per month.

Once online, you will pay monthly accesstime fees that can typically range between roughly $20 for the first 30 megabytes of datareceived to $56 for 130 megabytes.

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A service was launched last month by the Province of British Columbia to post decisions by the BC Supreme Court and the BC Court of Appeal on the World Wide Web. The service is the first of its kind for the province — or any province, for that matter, The Web site (http: //www.courts.gov.bc. ca/) will make available information and text from written and verbal judgment decisions, and will be updated on a daily basis.

In a related service, the BC Law Reform Commission, founded in 1969, already has its own Web site (http: //bbs.qp.gov.bc. ca/hc/lrchome.htm), where the commission considers and reviews all provincial laws.

Steve Bafn fs a wrf t er f n V a n couver, Canada. Send news or c o m ments to 72623.1233@compuserve.corn or Steve @helfrcnet +

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echnology stocks r e bounded from July 17th lows and money flowed back i nt o t h e " h ousehold" name technology companies. The trend of money flowing out of less established names and into the larger companies is due more to a late

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ibulli market cycle. W h e n t h e m a rkets appear to be approaching a peak, money flows into more defensive companies. Fund mangers do not want to be holding speculative investments when the future direction of the market is volatile. For the technology industry, this means that money flows to the weg financed, market leaders. In this market, even some of the big names that do not meet earnings estimates will be severely punished.

Witness the 20% correction in Motorala and Hewlett Packard, both c ompanies disappointed with earnings forecasts and the market punished the stocks in one day. In nervous markets, there is no grace for unexpected news. For the short term, this means that tech companies will be under very close scrutiny. Companies will have to exceed earnings and growth expectations, and itny shortconiings wiII be met with severe selloffs. For younger companies that are in the development stage, available capital will be tighter. Many tech companies who were in the process of going public are waiting for the IPO (initial public offering) market to improve. The dilemma is that many young companies need an infusion of cash to remain competitive. Unfortunately, the valuations for these companies are being revised downward which tends to place pressure on younger companies that have already gone public.

The flaw with the stock market is that it places traditional values and time constraints on tech companies. The reality is that Bill Gates could not forecast the potential of the

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Internet, imagine the difficulty for Wall street analysts. Expect volatility to remain in this industry, as long as analysts measure companies with quarterly performance and inaccurate growth forecasts. I think there has to be more valueplaced on management and the knowledge ratio of the employees. In look-

ing at the human resources of a company, a clearer picture of value can be achieved.

Strategic alliances between conipanies in the industry is key to defining vvho the key players wiII be and in what direction they will be heading. Vision and the ability to react quickly to changing trends will be a key recipe for technology companies to survive and grow.

The competitiveness of the industry dictates that there will be winners and losers.

I have broken down some of the sectors and highlighted some of Wall Street's projections. It is important for companies in the industry to grasp the perception the market places on different high tech sectors. The market provides the investment dollars and t herefore has a strong influence on t h e direction and success of the various components of the industry.

Computers, PCs and Peripherals The PC indiistry is undergoing a fundamental structural change as PC companies compete formarket share in an increasingly commodity-like and rapidly consolidating market. The keys for companies to become successful include: increasing brand awareness, forging key distribution deals, and remaining price competitive while decreasing inventory turnaround time. For the balance of 1996 expect PC unit shipment growth to slow to Iso, or about 68 million units worldwide. Reduced PC unit growth can be attributed to market saturation and sluggish global economies. In conjunction

with slowing growth, the industry in experiencing intense downward price pressure.

Aggressive pricing in the industry should c ontinue as w e a r e a p p roaching t h e Christmas season and therefore expect gross margins to decline. Companies should maintain strict cost controls, increase productivity to i m p lement th e l a test technology. inventories must be managed to ensure that demand is satisfied without minting excessive product.

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Internet Rt Intrenet The word is. getting out. Large corporations have realized the value of setting up an intranet and the word is integration. The internal Internet is exploding on to the scene as companies are able to coordinate their internal information and databases betterthan they ever have before. The use of Web browser technology has proven that it can increase productivity an d

e f f iciency,

thereby increasing profits. The demand for Internet working solutions will have the highest growth rate in the technology industry for the balance of 1996 and into 1997.

Investors will reward companies that manage their growth and increase market share.

Look for the market leaders to make calculated acquisitions in order to achieve market

two factors, the falling prices for memory chips, particularly for DRAMS, and the usual summer weakness for orders. H owever, there does seem to be a lull in demand compared to this time last year, The lull in demand is not being seen by Wall street as an indication that this sector is headed for recession, but rather they are counting on a promising 4th quarter.

Wall street provides the investment capital but the reality is that the corporate use of technology will be the driving force of new products. Large corporations are looking for "killer apps", applications that will dramatically benefit the bottom line. They like to set the standards and this is where most of the technology battle will be won or lost. My suggestion to technology business owners

e re ort o was an exa ~

and investors is to invest in products or companies that will catch the eye, and deep pockets of the corporate world. For innovators and speculators, attempt to find out what the needs of large companies are and then find applications that can flil those requirements.

Thomas Klein is on investment executive from Scotia Mcleod. He ca n b e r e ached by e -mail;

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Internet related companies exploded on to the market last year, culminating with a plethora of high flying IPOs, most of which have fallen back to earth. Wall Street is maintaining a wait and see attitude, with the majority of the interest gravitating towards companies providing infrastructure solutions. The market is looking for companies that can improve speed. The glaring lack of bandwidth imposes a lot of conditions on developing attractive content. T h erefore, any solutions tliat are proven to increase speed would be h andsomely rewarded.

Security is the other major issue that concerns the financial viability of the Internet. ln order to capitalize on commercial applications of the net, advances in the security of information is vital. T h ere are numerous companies that provide security solutions for the Internet and intranet, but there are no clearmarket leaders. Investors are look-

ing for a company to break-out and take a dominant position.

Computer Servers Mainframe demand is in secular decline, but the markets have discounted this, hence this sector has been rated as stable with diminished growth prospects. UNIX server demand remains strong, particularly at enterprise server level. Spending on network-centric computing architectures continues to grow, fueling the demand for UNIX servers.

The mainframe market has reached a point of saturation, with the shift to CMOS systems.

Semiconductors Semiconductor stocks are expected to come under some pressure after the release of the July book to bill ratio. The number came in at.85 and .93 was expected. This figure indicates that semiconductor makers received $85 in orders for every $100 worth of chips they shipped. New chip orders in July were $2.81 billion, down 5.1% from 2.96 million in June and down 37.6% from July 1995 bookings of $4.51 billion. The numbers might be a little deceiving, because of

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ncyclopedias are one of the driving forces in the CD-ROM software industry and with 1996 versions at rock bottom prices, the competition is cut throat.

There are significant differences in conte'nt between different products, which consumers will find hard to judge from looking at the box. The best stardng point is the library, to see if the books deliver an appropriate level of information for your hmily. If the books are too simple, the CD isn't going to be any better, even enhanced with multimedia features.

We tested this year's Windows CDs by selecting topics to test timeliness, Canadian content, and if the product would support a

1 otr0

student through h igh-school (Dinosaurs, Psychology, Costa Rica, Calculus, and Jean Ch retie n).

Cutting and pasting articles into Nrcrosoft lVord we took w o rd c ounts and ran the grammar checker for indices of readability (passive sentences — the fewer the betterand the Flesch reading scale with 0 = unreadable and 100 = a whiz). Note in the reviews the extreme variation in total words for the five articles.

ln the reviews below we concentrate on the differences to help you judge which to buy. However, there are features common to all, except where noted. All have historical timelines and atlases. All have decent reference lists to help students find other reading on each subject.

All provide adequate key-word searches, although they range from single-word-only up to fully logical searches using "and" and "or."All let you mark text and copy it into a

Vaa8a, Canada'l

word processor (note; this feature puts an extra burden on parents to teach the ethics against plagiarism).

All have videos, although the number varies. We give the video count a low importance, however, because once you' ve played them, they become a sideshow to your use

The big shift over last year is that the Canadian Encyclopedia has come into prominence and has added content from an international encyclopedia, so that it is closer to serving as the sole reference for a family' s needs. We still recommend that it be paired with one of the American brands, however.

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Cost: US$35 Rating 2 Scores: sample word total, 6,800; passive sentences,21 per cent;Flesch,39; videos, 52.

The skimpy content and the fact that the windowing interface is poorly handled puts this product well behind the two main competitors in its price range. This CD comes bundled with a second CD that highlights the Maeght Foundation Modern Art collection.

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4-iti m e' Nicrasaftfncarta 86 Pri«e: $70 ($15 rebate for upgrades) Rating: 3 Scores: sample word total, 10,800; passive sentences, 33 per cent; Flesch, 42; videos, 35.

Encarta is based on the fairly basic Funk & Wugssall's Emyclopedks. While the interface is snazzy, the measured quality of the content is not as strong as the Compton's product and will not take a student as far through high-school. Its cleaner multimedia components might, however, make it a bet ter choice for weaker students for whom inspiration to study is more important than content.

While a Windows 3.1 product, the interface has been radically redesigned to look like a Windows 95 screen. This redesigned version, however, runs unsatisfactorily slow.

It also fails to correct the distortion of colours in playing videos.

Its search mechanism has been improved to do full logical searches. Its atlas is the best of the encyclopedias, but not as good as several standalone CD atlas products. It is the only one of the group that allows students to keep electronic notes with an article.

Contact: 1-800-563-9048.

The Britannica company delivers its t ome vi a b o t h t h e In t e r ne t a n d C D (Windows or Mac versions). Consequently, they use t h e p o p u lar We b b r o w ser, iVetscape, for both, although Netscape on the CD is a cut4own version. Searches are limited to 120 hits, with no chance to ask for another 120.

If you want to And a biography, the per-

son's name presents no challenge. However, try as we might, we could not generate a listing of the 50 American State Capitals. There are just too many topics containing the words State and Capital.

In comparison with competing CD encyclopedias, the Britannica CD demonstrates how inefficient an i n formation delivery method the Internet can be.

There is no video, timeline, or zoom-down atlas, although there are 198 national maps and a total of 2,000 other images.

While the volume and quality of information far exceeds all the other encyclopedia's, our word total for the five subjects may be too low because we limited hits to ten articles and we are not certain we found all the relevant parts. Ease of reading scores

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Providing better-written content and the most words at the lowest price makes this a very attractive buy. The interface is state-ofthe-art, complete with an electronic editing room where students can put their own multimedia term papers together. Students combine encyclopedia content with their own titles and voice recordings. Patrick Stewart,Star Trek's Captain Picard, appears on screen to provide help.

Btiying Comptoss'sgets you a bonus CD, the four-star rated Small Blue Planet, a wonderful collection of views of earth taken by satellite and aerial reconnaissance craft. This CD alone is worth the Comptors'sprice.

The search interface, while adequate, lags behind the flexibility of the competition.

The content has not been updated noticeably over the 1995 version. Perhaps this reflects the transfer of o w nership from Compton's to Softkey International Contact: 1-800-227-5609.

Sri tannica CIJZD Costs: $1,249 Rating: 3 Scores: sample word total, 17,000+; passive sentences, 26 per cent; Flesch, 34; videos, 0.

The venerable Encyclopedia Britannica on CD would seem like an automatic top choice simply because of it s t h orough content. However, the interface can make i t very c u mbersome to f i n d w h a t y o u need.

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are not bad either considering the authors do not hold back on advanced vocabulary.

This CD is for the true scholar, not a highschooler who needs to be inspired by a few videos. lf you want to try before you buy, purchase an article or tvvo over the Net. What you' ll see is what you' ll get.

Contact: 1-800-323-1229.

1886I:anadian fncgclapedia Plus Cost: $99 Rating: 3 Scores: sample word total, 5.600; passive sentences, 33 per cent; Flesch, 38; videos, 88.

This Windows product can't be beat for Canadian content and has now incorporated the Colrrmbfa Encyclopedfa so that it begins to stand on its own as a general home reference.

The interface design is greatly improved to bring it to th e state-of-the-art, although we still found errors that truncated the display of one article in mid-sentence. While there is no timeline or zoom-down atlas, there are

982 maps, mostly of Canada.

The product delivers Smartsearch, which not oniy provides for traditional fully logical searches, but also lets the user type in questions and get answers. Marking text for cut-

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Multimedia is in the front of the machine, which makes changing disks or CDs clumsy if the machine is on your lap (or an airline tray table).

Battery life claims to be 4 hours at bestthat's if you shut off power-hiingry devices like the sound circuitry and the modem.

Cliarging seemed exceptionally quick.

Prices start at $8,899.

ting and pasting is the easiest of any of the encyclopedias.

We recommend it to complement the top e ncyclopedias above. The rating of 3 i s because of its specialized content rather than its stature in the overall encyclopedia race.

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hard drive, 12.1-inch 800 x 600 TI" f display with hardware-assisted MPEG, and all of the bells and whistles offered by the other systems I' ve looked at. The joy of this machine is in the little touches.

It comes with a pocket-sized quick reference card, for example, that explains how to read the indicators and how the function-key combinations work. The removable 6X CDROM drive comes in a protective case — the other systems had it encased in packing foam in the carton, but how you tnnsport it afterwarcLs is your problem. And there's anti-virus software preinstalled.

For the road warrior, the built-in 28.8 Kbps modem has a cellular phone connection, as well as VoiceView simultaneous voice and data, speakerphone, and fax capabilities.

The pointing device is a touchpad, and the keyboard, though noisier than most, feels fine.

Infrared support features a 4 Mbps lrDA port.

The bay for the floppy and CD-ROM drives

The pointing device is a trackstick. Its buttons have very short travel, and were difficult to get used to — I was never sure when I pushed one if it had made contact. The screen is a 12.1-inch 800 x 600 TFT display that' s exceptionally bright, with vibrant colours.

There's 16-bit audio with external volume control, and a built-in V34 data/fax/voice modem with It aln't light telephony capabilities, plus a 4 The Toshiba Tecia 500CDT is not a Mbps IrDA infnred port. machine I'd like to haul around The A/C adapter is built-in, which with me for any distance. adds to t h e s y stem w eight, but T he ba s e comp u t e r means that you only need to rememweighs a hefty 8 pounds! ber the cord. The Lithium Ion battery B ut t hi s t h i n g i s b u i l t does its best, but it has one heck of a lot to solidly, with larger speak IBlN ThlllkPad $66 power, so with any sort of activity you' ll be ers than the others, and a lucky to get a couple of hours out of it. little fan to c ool th e 120 MHz Pentium The keys on the keyboard are generously processor. Also standard are 16 MB of RAM spaced, similar to a desktop machine except and a removable1.26 GB hard disk,as is a 6X CD-ROM drive. The floppy drive can for the wide palmrest with the mouse buttons on it. Key travel and feel are also desktop-like, either swap with the CD-ROM drive, or plug and the layout is fairly standard for a notebook. into an external port, and you can also use The Tecra 500 CDT's SRP is $7,349. + the drive bay for «n additional hard disk.

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• • By DAVID ROSEN •

•

Okay, everyone. Hands up who doesn' t remember spending Saturday morning with your eyes glued to the TV set — our mother occasionally yelling at you:"don't sit so close to that dam screen?"Ah, those fond memories!

Now the folks that brought us those catchy ditties such as "Conjunction Junction, Wliat's Your Function?" have released a series of CD-ROMs designed to bring the magic of Saturday morning to your computer desktop.

Based on the popuLir niusic videos of the legendary Sri>i>r>li>r>aseRock> Series, the Gra»>»rar Rock CD-ROM charms kids of all ages into exploring and mastering English grammar, through fun music and i nteractive games. With the guidance of your host, Schoolhouse Rocky, kids learn how to construct sentences, using different parts of speech such as nouns, verbs, pronouns, and, of course, conjunctlolls.

The plot of Grammar Rock is that Schoolhouse Rocky is phnning a big "Knowledge is Power" party at the Conjunction Junction Diner. He needs your help finding and inviting aiI his

friends in the Grammar Gang.

Bring lots of quarters There's a great music video jukebox in the Diner you can use to watch cool Grammar Rock videos. Watclung these videos will help you learn what you need to complete the grammar activities on Hudson Street. Each time you successfully complete an activity, the Gnmmar Gang member you met during your activity gets to go to the party at the Diner. When you complete your activity, the entire Gramma' gang wiII be assembledand the party starts rocking!

Who knows? Perhaps after using the Grammar Rock CD-ROM for a l ittle while, your youngster will get inspired and want to study English. In a few years, he or she coidd become a writer or editor of a computer newspaper. But first things first.

The other disks in the at>r>r>ll>r>use Rack! se ri«s c o ver m u l t i piic;i!ion, American historv. andscience. +

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CLQSIN6 THE LIABILITY WINllllW responsible for each other's actions.

What is often important in these situations is not the perception of the two parties sharing the office space,but the perception of the general public which might interact with either one o f t h em . In th i s p a r ticular instance, a party is suing both the person they claim to be responsible for the loss and this proprietor who was operating a separate business. It the plaintiff's contention that it was all one business. In o ther words the plaintiff perceived that either the two parties were partners or that this proprietur was the employer. Consequently both are being sued.

In today's business environment, office sharing arrangements are quite common, as are combined consulting contracts. In these instances the appearance may be different from the reality. If t his is the case, a third partymay win based on appearance. If either situation could apply to you, yuu should take steps to mak« it d ear t o t h c p u blic that although you may share offices or you may co-venture onthe same contracts you are not partners nor is one of you the employee of the other. Some of these steps are: 1. Separate business cards. If yuu are using a common name on business cards it may imply to the public that you are one business.

2. Separate stationery.

3. Separate invoicing.

4. Separate bank accounts.

5. Written contracts with customers or clients should specify who the contractors are. If th» business does not involve contracts, receipts should clearly document the business relationship.

6. If you are involved in a joint contract with sumebody, you will probably be liable I'ur each other's actions on that contract. You must make it clear that it is a separate joint

venture for the one contract and as such you are not responsible for each other's actions on other contracts. You might also be able to write into yotir contract that you are only responsible for any errors or o missions caused by yourself and not any caused by your co-contractor.

7. If you are a proprietorship consider incorporation. While incorporation vvill not protect the business against action, it may provide some protection for the personal assets of the owners. In the case I was citing above, the business is a proprietorship and as such the proprietor's personal assets are also exposed. In the past we often recommended incorporation to clients as part of a tax plann ing prucess. I f t h e c l i e nt's income w a s below a certain level a proprietorship was used as the cost of maintaining a corporation would eliminate the p o tential tax saving.

However in the increasingly litigious world in which we live. incorporation makes sense for more small businesses that have traditionally been proprietorships.

8. Carry liability insurance to cover all eventualities. In this context, bc sure you read and understand your policy. I f y o u r situation changes nr you are entering into a joint contract v ith somebody. you should notify your insurer in writing to ensure that you will be covered. In the case I outlined, the proprietor feltabused by hcr insurance company when shc learned that it would nut defend in this actiim because shc was not covered forthe actions of a third party. Had she been aware of the issues, she could have had written coverage into her liability policy for this type of situation. ~). Maintain documentation. Verbal discussions become, at best, grounds for misunderstanding.

Documentation provides greater protection.

This list is not all inclusive and there may well be further steps you should take in certain situations to ensure you are not taking unexpected responsibility for the actions of another party.

Because liability can arise in many innocent circumstances I would like to give another example of how this type of problem could arise. A computer vendor may be talking to an independent consultant in his store or renting space to an independent consultant and a customer comes in to buy a computer.

The store owner suggests they talk to the consultant about installing the applicable software and m o difying i t t o t h e c u s tomer' s needs. The consultantmay be an indepen-

ments, Netscape for OS/2 will not be shipped as part of Merlin's bonus pack. Instead, it will be available shortly after Merlin's release from b oth N etscape's a n d IB M ' s w e b s i t e s (http:i/home.netscape.curn and http: //www. ibm.curn).

An interesting comment on the net is that competition f r o m Mi c r o soft's I n t e r net Explorer may have been motivated Netscape to develop for OS/2. a move which the company had previously resisted.

The manual has been rewritten tu make it clearerfor new users, and Function Wizards have been added on-line, making Unimaint the first OS/2 program (so far as I know) to adopt the Microsoft concept.

Most importantly, Unimaint 5.0 extends many of its functions to Windows programs.

Unimaint now uninstalls Windows programs, and works with Windows INI Biles. Since the majority of OS/2 users have some Windows programs, this support for Windows makes Unimaint morc valuable than ever.

IBM the OS/2 Technical Exchange this spring, but Stardock plans to release another six products by C h ristmas: Object Desktop Professional, Process Commander, PlusPack for OS/2, Master of the Empire, Trials of Battle and Entrepeneur.

"It's safe tu say we' re pretty bullish on OS/2,"

Unlmalnt 5.0

Stardock Releases

The Frequent FlyerUpgrade incorporates all changes made since the release of DeScribe 5.0 and May 31, 1996, including an equationeditor.The upgrade package encourages users to pass un their old copies of DeScribe, which can b e r e-registered for $12.95US. DeScribe 5.05 is a single-user copy of the word processor. DeScribe 5.06, a networked version, will bc available October I, and will be the basis for all futtire development of the software. Registeredcustomers can upgrade to DeScribe 5.06 for $39.95US until September 30. The upgrade also includes three months freesubscription to DeClub, DeScribe's new email technical support service.

DeClub, scheduled to begin operation on October 1, costs $39US per year for membership. Members can download products from the DeScribe website, and can receive contact DeScribe's technical support via e-mail up to sixtimes a year.

They will also be eligible for any future free upgrades.

Buyers of the Voyager CD who did not register,can do so for $9.95US, either via DeScribe's website (http: //www.describe.

••

By Rick Acton, F.C.A.•

•

Individuals and/or businesses often discover they are liable for things that: a) They did not know they were liable for. b) They would not have been liable for if they had properly structured their affairs. c) Because of the liability laws they are a target for action although they were innocent of any act for w h ich they should have been liable.

This subject comes to mind because of a discussion I had recently with a proprietor of a business. This individual is having to defend against a lawsuit to which the above three criteria apply. To defend herself she is looking at several thousand dollars in legal fees. It is possible that, although she believes she has done nothing wrong, the other side believes that the cost of legal fees may make her willing to pay a lesser amount tu avoid the cost of defence. What I am talking about is not a large corporation with all of it s resources defending itself against a lawsuit, but rather a smallbusiness owner who has everything she owns invested in the business and does not have a lot of money tu ftmd litigation. fhis type of occurrence is more common than you may think and if you are a small business owner you c o uld f ace a s i milar action. Some of the readers of this column are individual consultants or small computer vendors or other businesses who make use of constiitants or share office space. In the situation that I am d iscussing the proprietor shared officespace with another person.

From my conversation with her, it was clear in her mind and in the mind of the person she shared offices with that they were running independent businesses and should not be • • •

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documentary evddence kept the owners of the store might find themselves being held liable for the actions of the independent consultant. Even if the case has no merit, the store owner may go through the agony of defending against a lawsuit.

Ifyou are incorporated you may be able to structure your affairs so that your assets are protected. Your businessthen becomes a much less likely target for a frivolous lawsuit.

I am not suggesting you unethically structure your affairs to avoid taking responsibility for your own actions. I do recommend you structure your affairs to ensure that you are not taking responsibility for the actions of others for whom you should not be responsible and that you protect your assets if somebody decidesyou are a worthy target.

Rick Acton, F C.A. isa partner in the Vancouverfirm of Acton Gunderson, Chartered Accountants, Hemay be reached at 734-4871 or FAX 734-922jor e-mail Rick Acion@bc.sympatico.co.+

• • • • • •

SufTouch Systems has released version 5.0 of Unimaint, the DS/2 utility package and uninstaller.

From its first release, Unimaint has been worth buying for the Repair INI utility alone.

Because this utility deletes obsolete entries in OSZ.INI, it often does more to increase OS/2 performance thana defragger.

Repair INI is still a major reason to buy Unimaint. However, version 5.0 offers other useful enhancements as well. They include: — enhancements to the INI editing capabilities — the addition of DDLs to the Class List Dialog — Cross Reference, a new feature listing all EXEs, DDLs and Drives on the system — the Application Mover, which automatically moves directory and files and updates all .INI files and the Config.sys to reflect the move.

Documentation has also been improved.

C OM P U T E R

dent business but if this is not made clear and

P L A Y ER!

On August 24,Stardock Systems released Avarice: The Final Saga, its long-awaited adventure game. Announced over a year ago as an OS/2 game similar to Myst or Seventh Guest, Avarice was originally scheduled for Christmas 199S, but was released only in a preview addition. Speculations that the game

would b e r e leased last spring p roved unfounded, and the delay was starting to be discussed on the net in worried tones.

Stardock did not explain the delay, but growing pains are t h e l i k eliest reason.

Stardock'sObject Desktop, a replacement for the WorkPlace Shell, became an instant success when released in 1995, and Stardock's staff and plans quickly expanded into an unique mixture of utiliy and gaming products. Not only did Stardock co-sponsor with

S EPT . 1 3 - 0 C T. 1 1 , 1 9 9 6

Bradley Wardell, the president of Stardock, comments.AII the same, Stardock is reportedly looking into Windows 95 development as weII.After all, given its experience with 32 bit programs,Stardock has the jump on game designers used to 16 bit development.

New Describe Versions DeScribe, the 1«ading native OS/2 word processor, announced its Frequent Flyer Upgrade on August 29th. This upgrade, formally known as DeScribe 5,05, is being shipped to all registered users. As I write, some American users have posted on the internet that they have already received their upgrades, and DeScribe promises that «II users should receive their u p grades by September 15th.

Originally, DeScribe planned to make the u pgrade a v a ilable on its webs i t e .

Unfortunately, this plan would either have limited the size of the upgrade or taken hours to unload. Instead, DeScribe decided to ship the upgrade free, a move th e c o mpany believes is a first in the computer industry..

corn) or by phoning (916) 923-3447.

8ruce Bylield isa technical writer and a recovering ocademic. He recentlyfell off the wagon, but insists he constop teaching any time.+

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'15' N.I. L.R. $110 16MBEOO $79 'Motimodia 4xCO,SB16, Speaker $179

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• 15' Manitor N.I.L.R, Digital Control 1280x1 024, .26 dp • 19' Mad-tower case 200W/230W • Microsoft V2.0 2B mouse • 104 Windows 95 Keyboard • 8X EIDE CD-ROM drive • SaundBlaster16 PnP (Creative tab) • 60W Multimedia speakers & MIC • 2 Year Parts and Labour Warranty

IOMEGAZip Disk $19.95 IOMEGAZip Drive $259/2$3 ($50 Rebate from IOMEGA) IOMEGAJaz1G Ext.PC /Mac

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I

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