Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2021 = 7.380, www.srjis.com
PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, NOV-DEC, 2022, VOL- 10/74
Lkks’ky ehfM;k % ,d ifjp;
izeksn dqekj1 ,oa uhrw2 ] Ph. D.
1¼’kks/kNk=½ukjk;.kdkWystf’kdksgkckn
¼lEc)&MkWHkhejkov0fo0fo0vkxjk½
2,slksfk,V izks0lekt’kkL= ukjk;.kdkWyst f’kdksgkckn
¼lEc)&MkWHkhejkov0fo0fo0vkxjk½
Paper Received On: 25 DECEMBER 2022
Peer Reviewed On: 31 DECEMBER 2022
Published On: 01 JANUARY 2023
Abstract
lks’kyehfM;korZeku thou i)frdk ,d vfHkUu vax cu pqdkgSSA lks’ky
ehfM;k ds dkj.k vUrjkZ”Vªh; Lrj ij O;fDr;ksa dks vfr fudV yk fn;k gSA
lkekftd ifjorZu dh n`f”V ls lsk’ky ehMh;k ( tulapkj lk/kuksa esa lokZf/kd
izHkko’kkyh ,oa l’kDr lk/ku gS ftlus xzkeh.k rFkk uxjh; leqnk;ksa ij
cgqvk;keh izHkko Mkys gSa ,oa lekt ,oa lkekftd lajpuk esa vkewy pwy ifjorZu fd, gSaA izkr% tkxj.k ls izkjEHl gkssdj jkf= foJke rd euq”; dk efLr”dlks’kyehfM;kdsTojlseqDrughajgrkgSA^cPps dy dk Hkkjr gSa** Hkyk if.Mr usg:th ds ;s ‘kCn fdls LifUnr ugha djrsA ;g fufoZokn loZ Lohdk;Z rF; gS fd ^^ lks’ky ehfM;k ** vk/kqfud lapkj lk/kuksa esa euksjatu dk lcls l’kDr] izHkkoh] egRoiw.kZ ,oa vR;k/kqfud lk/ku gh ugha gS vfirq lcls lLrk ,oa gj le; miyC/k lk/ku gS vkSj lkekftd ifjorZu dk ,d l’kDr ek/;e Hkh gSA orZeku ifjizs{; esa ftldk izR;{k izHkko O;fDr] ifjokj
rFkk lekt ij iM+ jgk gSA lekt dk gj oxZ cky gks vFkok o`)] uj gks
vFkok ukjh] etnwj gks vFkok fdlku] f’kf{kr gks vFkok vf’kf{kr] lsokjr gks
vFkokvlsokjr]lektdkgj oxZrFkkizR;sdizk.khlapkjek/;eksaesa lks’ky ehfM;k lsdqNvf/kdghtqM+rktkjgkgSD;ksafdmls?kjcSBsghns’k&fons’kds lekpkjfeytkrsgSaA;gkardfdthoudk,degRoiw.kZvaxcurktkjgk gSA izkr% dky mBus ls ysdj jkf= esa foJke rd lks’ky ehfM;klstqM+kjgrk
gS D;ksafd izR;sd O;fDr vkt O;Lr tks gSA vr% Fkdku nwj djus ds fy, euksjatudjukpkgrkgSA
ikfjHkkf”kd ‘kCnkoyh% lapkj ek/;e] lks’ky ehfM;k] lkekftd ifjorZu] cgqvk;kehA
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fo’ys”k.k ,oa fu”d”kZ% vkt ds bl ;qx esa rks oSKkfud midj.kksa ds fcuk
thou gh laHko izrhr ugha gksrk D;ksafd orZeku ;qx dks ^^lwpuk dk ;qx**
Copyright © 2022, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies
Pg. (17887-17891)
Hkh dgk tkrk gSA O;fDr uohu ls uohu lwpukvksa dh izkfIr gsrq fujUrj
mRlqd jgrk gSA lekpkj&i=] i=&if=dk;sa ,oa jsfM;ks ds ;qx ls vkt og
nwjn’kZu ds ;qx rd igqap x;k gS vkSj vkt og istj] bUVjuSV] QSDl
tSls vR;k/kqfud lapkj lk/kuksa dk mi;ksx lwpukvksa ds vknku&iznku gsrq
dj jgk gSA bl :i esa lks’ky ehfM;k ,d yksdfiz; ^^lapkj&lEizs”k.k**
dk lk/ku gSA
vkt lks’ky ehfM;k ds izlkj.k o dk;ZØe vR;Ur mUur voLFkk esa gSA
fd’kksj viuh lqfo/kk ds le; esa vius euilUn dk;ZØe ns[k ldrs gSaA
euksjatu] lwpuk;sa] [ksy] fQYe] oSKkfud tkudkfj;ka ,oa ubZ&ubZ [kkstk
vkfn lHkh ds fy, vyx&vyx miyC/k gSaA vk/kqfud thou ds jgu&lgu
rFkk thou ‘kSyh ;gk¡ rd fd eukso`fRr;ksa o ekuo thou esa izR;sd igyw
ij lks’ky ehfM;k dk izHkko vkt Li”V n`f”Vxkspj gks jgk gSA ;gk¡ rd
fd lks’ky ehfM;k ds iwoZ ds ;qx dh ckrsa Hkh vkt dkYifud lh izrhr
gksrh gSaA Li”Vr% lekt ds gj oxZ ,oa izR;sd vk;q oxZ ds yksxksa ij
lks’ky ehfM;k dk izHkko fuLlUnsg vko’;d :i ls iM+ jgk gS( ftlesa
vkt ds fd’kksjksa dks lks’ky ehfM;k ls lokZf/kd izHkkfor ekuk tk jgk gS
D;ksafd fd’kksjkoLFkk ¼12 o”kZ ls 18 o”kZ dh o;½ vfLFkjrk ,oa vlUrqyu
dh mez gksrh gSA fd’kksjksa ds lanHkZ esa dgk tk ldrk gS fd fd’kksjks dh os’kHkw”kk] [kku&iku] jgu thou ‘kSyh o lgu] O;ogkj] vkpkj&fopkj ;gk¡ rd fd lEiw.kZ laLd`fr gh ^^ lks’ky ehfM;k ** gksrh tk jgh gS] vFkkZr~ lks’ky ehfM;k lkekftd ifjorZu esa vge Hkwfedk fuHkk jgk gS D;ksafd lks’ky ehfM;k us lEiw.kZ fo’o dks ,d ifjokj ds :i esa ns[kk gSA
vè;;uk ls irk pyk gS fd flusek dk çHkko lwpuk çkfIr] –f"Vdksa.k esa cnyko] Hkkoukvksa dh mÙkstuk] LokLF; vkSj cPpksa ds O;ogkj ij iM+rk gSA
vè;;u us turk esa ng'kr iSnk dj nh] Hkys gh lS)kafrd –f"Vdks.k ls]
bls fofHkUu vkykspukvks dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA ;|fi] çkjafHkd
vè;;ukas esa dgk x;k g fd turk ds O;ogkj vkSj laKku dks çHkkfor
djus esa ehfM;k dh cM+h Hkwfedk Fkh] bl fLFkfr dh xaHkhjrk dks le>us
ds fy, i;kZIr MsVk ugÈ FkkA ehfM;k ds çHkko dk {ks= vHkh Hkh ,d
igsyh cuk gqvk gS] tc rd fd bl {ks= esa 'kksèk esa lqèkkj ugÈ gqvk
Copyright © 2022, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies
vkSj blds çHkko dk Kku ugÈ gks x;kA 1941 ls 1945 ds chp]
f}rh; fo'o ;q) ds nkSjku] euksoSKkfud vesfjdh lsuk ds lkFk dke dj
jgs Fks vkSj mu 'kksèkdrkZvka dh ns[kjs[k dj jgs Fks] ftudk mís';;q) ds
lkFk lSfudksa esa joS;s esa cnyko dh fuxjkuh djuk FkkA bldh lQyrk
dks Þlwpuk çnku djuk] çLrqr O;k[;kvksa dh fn'kk eas jk; cnyuk] vkSj
lsok djus ds fy, iq#"kkas dh çsj.kk c<+kukÞ ds :i esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k
tk,xkA vkf[kjdkj] 'kksèk us –f"Vdks.k ifjorZu ds çfrjksèk dk vè;;u fd;k vkSj vuqu; çHkkoh rjhds ls dSls dke dj ldrk gSA gkoySaM ds vuqlkj] vuqu; ds rhu dkjd gSa% lapkjd] lapkj vkSj n'kZdA ftl ewy
ç'u dk mÙkj fn;k tk jgk gS] og ;g gS fd *dkSu D;k dgrk gS fd
fdl çHkko ls\* ;s lHkh dkjd çHkko iSnk djus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk
fuHkkrs gSaA 'kksèk vkxs bl 27 ckr ij çdk'k Mkyrs g fd dSls ehfM;k
ds lkFk&lkFk fofHkUu dkjd çHkkfor djus esa Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA ;s tulkaf[;dh; fo'ks"krk,a] lkekftd euksoSKkfud dkjd vkjS fofHkUu
ehfM;k mi;ksx O;ogkj gSA bl çdkj] ehfM;k dk çHkko vU; dkjdksa ds
lkFk lglac) gS] u fd dsoy ,d ij vkèkkfjrA bl le; ds nkSjku]
iky QsfyDl yst+jQsYM ¼2004½] cukZMZ csjsylu] vkSj gst+yxkSMsV~lks
¼2009½ us fn;k Fkk] tks bl ckr dh iM+rky djrk gS fd ehfM;k jk; usrkvksa ds ikjLifjd çHkko ds ekè;e ls lkekU; vkcknh dks dSls
çHkkfor djrk gSA ;g e‚My lk>k djrk gS fd yksxksas ij ikjLifjd
liadZ dk vfèkd çHkko dSls iMr+k gA yksxkas ds fy, ;g fopkj g fd os vius mRikn dks ,d fuf'pr ç'kaflr O;fäRo ds lkFk tksM+ nsa] tks varr%
O;olk; dks vius mRiknksa dks cspus esa enn djrk gSA ,d vU; fl)kar]
ftls ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gS] us ,d vyx dkjd dks rLohj esa yk;k tks çHkkfor gksus dh {kerk dks çHkkfor djrk gSA bl fl)kar ds vuqlkj]
ftls vU;Fkk ds :i esa tkuk tkrk g]S O;fä Lo;a dks mu lwpukvk dh vksj >qdkrs gaS tks muds igys ls ekStwn fo'oklksa dk leFkZu djrh gSa]
tcfd os mu lwpukvksa dh mis{kk djrs gSa tks mu ekU;rkvksa ds foijhr
gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy,] ;fn vki ekurs gSa fd g‚xoV~lZ okLrfod gSa] rks
vki dsoy mUgÈ O;fä;ksa dh ckr lqusaxs tks leku fl)kar dk nkok djrs
Copyright © 2022, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies
gSa vkSj bl çdkj] vkidh jk; vkSj Hkh etcwr gks tk,xhA ;s çkjafHkd
28 fl)kar Li"V :i ls fn[kkrs gSa fd ehfM;k us ekuo euksfoKku dks
çHkkfor djus esa ,d çeq[k Hkwfedk fuHkkÃ] ysfdu mUgksaus eq[; :i ls
vYidkfyd çHkkoka dh tkpa dhA igy ds 'kksèk eukos KS kfud e‚My
vkSj ehfM;k ds vYidkfyd çHkkok ij vfèkd dsfaUær FksA tSls&tSl
ehfM;k dh igapq vkSj yksdfç;rk c<h+ ] bl fopkj çfØ;k us viuk è;ku
nh?kZdkfyd çHkkoka ij LFkkukra fjr dj fn;k tks blds dkj.k gks ldr
gSA eLDokÃy ds ekl dE;qfuds'ku F;kjsh ea] Msful edSDoys ¼2002½
bls pkj pj.kka ea foHkkftr djds ehfM;k çHkkokas dh O;k[;k djrk gS%
baVjusV ds fØ;kfUor gksus ls igys ;s çeq[k :i ls fl)kar vkSj 'kksèk FksA
baVjusV vkus ds ckn vkSj ckn ea lks'ky ehfM;k ds vkus ds ckn phtsa
,d vf}rh; rjhds ls cny xb±A ;g ns[krs gq, fd ehfM;k dk mi;ksx igys dHkh ugÈ ns[kk x;k gS] ekuo laKku vkSj O;ogkj ij bldk çHkko
Hkh fodflr gqvk gSA vkb, ge bl bdkà ds vxys Hkkx esa baVjusV ds
çHkko dks vfèkd ckjhdh ls le>us ds fy, vkxs c<+rs gSaA fnlacj 2018
rd yxHkx 4-1 fcfy;u yksx baVjusV ds lfØ; mi;ksxdrkZ gSa] çR;sd
fnu yxHkx 4 fefy;u Cy‚x iksLV çdkf'kr gksrs gSa] vkSj ,d gh fnu
esa 5 fcfy;u xwxy [kkstsa dh tkrh gSaA vxj ,d ckr Li"V gS] rks og
;g gS fd baVjusV ,d vko';drk cu x;k gSA NksVh&NksVh 'kadkvksa dk
lekèkku mlh dh lgk;rk ls fd;k tkrk gSA yksx viuh i<+kà ls ysdj
'kkjhfjd@ekufld LokLF;] fj'rs] nksLrh] dke ls ysdj dà rjg dh
'kadkvksa dh [kkst djrs gSaA
ÅèoZxkeh lkekftd rqyuk dh varÆufgr laKkukRed çfØ;k lkekftd
:i ls fuÆer lks'ky ehfM;k ls Hkh çHkkfor gksrh gS] tgka gj dksà nwljksa dks ns[kus ds fy, viuh ,d lQy vkSj [kq'kgky Nfo is'k djrk gSA
lks’ky ekfM;k ds dkj.k] fd’kksjkoLFkk esa vU; {ks=ksa dh Hkkafr fd’kksj ds
/kkfeZd fopkjksa vkSj fØ;kvksa esa Økafrdkjh ifjorZu fd, gSaA ,d rjQ og
ckY;koLFkk esa vftZr /kkfeZd] vuqHkoksa dh lR;rk ij lansg djus yxrk gS] nwljh vksj mlesa thou] ej.k] eks{k] vkRek] ijekRek] mfpr] vuqfpr
vkfn ds laca/k esa vusd uohu izdkj ds iz’u mBus yxrs gSa ftudk mRrj og ‘kh?kz ls ‘kh?kz pkgrk gSA dHkh mlh mRrj dks Lohdkj djrk gS] tks rdZ
ds vk/kkj ij mls Lohd`fr gksA dHkh&dHkh rks og /kkfeZd fopkjksa dks
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diksy dfYir ;k eux<+Ur le>dj mldk dV~Vj fojks/kh gks tkrk gS] ;fn dksbZ mls ^^ukfLrd** dgrk gS rks og /kkfeZd <dkslyksa rFkk /keZ ds
Bsdsnkjksa dh tedj cqjkbZ djrk gSA /kkfeZd n`f”V ls 15 ls 17 o”kZ dh
ckydksa dh voLFkk vkSj 14&15 o”kZ dh ckfydkvksa dh voLFkk >a>k ;k
vUrZ}U} dh voLFkk gSA bl voLFkk esa muesa tks dqN /kkfeZd ifjorZu gksus gksrs gSa] os rks gks tkrs gSa vkSj 18&19 o”kZ dh vk;q ij igqapus ij mlds /kkfeZd fodkl dh ,d fuf’pr :i js[kk rS;kj gks tkrh gSA tSls gh fd’kksjkoLFkk izkjaHk gksrh gS] ckyd esa rhozrk ds lkFk vusd ‘kkjhfjd vaxksa&izR;axksa lEcU/kh ifjorZu gksus yxrs gSaA fd’kksjksa esa nk<+h vkSj ewaN ds
izkjafHkd fpUg fn[kykbZ nsus yxrs gSa vkSj dU/ks pkSM+s gksus yxrs gSaA ogha fd’kksfj;ksa ds dwYgsa vkSj o{kLFky mHkjus yxrs gSaA dqN eghuksa ckn fd’kksjksa esa LoIu nks”k rFkk fd’kksfj;ksa esa ^ekfld L=ko* izkjEHk gks tkrk gSA bu ‘kkjhfjd ifjorZuksa ds vfrfjDr bl voLFkk esa ^^dke izo`fRr** vfr izcy :i ls tkx`r gks tkrh gSA ftlls izsfjr gksdj fd’kksj vkSj fd’kksfj;ksa dk ,d nwljs ds izfr vkd”kZ.k vkSj Hkh vf/kd c<+ tkrk gSA lks’ky ehfM;k ds dkj.k mudh vkdka{kkvksa] :fp;ksa] vko’;drkvksa] n`f”Vdks.kksa] vkn’kksZa rFkk
uSfrd fu;eksa esa vkewy pwy ifjorZu gksus yxrs gSaA
lanHkZ%
Saxena Gopal ; Social Media in India ; Changes & Challengers, Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi, 2006:4.
Beyed J. (et.al) ; The History of Social Media in India, Punguir Book Publishers (Pvt. Ltd) New Delhi 2015:110.
Beyed J. (et.al) ; Development of Social Media in India ; Ibid p.6.
Saxena Gopal ; Social Media in India : Changes & Challengers, Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi 2006 p.12.
Rao Bhaskara ; Social effects of Mass Media, Gyan Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 2007 p.62.
Narayanan A ; Impact of Social Media on Viewers, Somaiya Pub. (Pvt. Ltd.) Bombay, 2007 p.201.
Verma Preeti (et.al) ; Child Psychology, Vinod Pustak Mandir Prakashan, Agra (U.P.), 2013 p.167.
Srivastav D.N. ; Child Psychology : Adolescence ; Sahitya Bhawan Prakashan, Agra (U.P.), 2007 p.203.
Harlock P.C. ; Quoted from, Srivastav DN; Child Psychology 2007, p.204 (Ibid)
Johns E.. ; Evils of Social Media ; Sage Publications, Delhi, 1971, page-43.
Narayanan A. ; Impact of Social Media on Society, Somiya Publishers & Distributors, Bombay, 2009, p.112.
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