Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2021 = 7.380, www.srjis.com
PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, NOV-DEC, 2022, VOL- 10/74
o`)tuksa dh euks&lkekftd leL;k;sa ¼orZeku ifjn`’;½
lgnso flag1 ,oa uhrw2 ] Ph. D.
1¼’kks/k Nk=½ ukjk;.k dkWyst f’kdksgkckn ¼lEc)& MkW Hkhejko v0 fo0 fo0vkxjk½
2,slksfk,Vizks0lekt’kkL=ukjk;.kdkWystf’kdksgkckn¼lEc)&MkW Hkhejko v0fo0fo0vkxjk½
Paper Received On: 25 DECEMBER 2022
Peer Reviewed On: 31 DECEMBER 2022
Published On: 01 JANUARY 2023
Abstract
o`)koLFkk ekuo thou ,d xEHkhj] tfVy ,oa lkoZHkkSfed leL;k gSA rhoz ifjorZuksa ds orZeku nkSj esa ifjokj dh lajpuk ,oa izdk;ksZ esa gks jgs ifjorZuksa ds QyLo:i ifjokj vukFkksa] fo/kokvksa] fo/kqjksa rFkk o`)ksa dh lgk;rk ,oa lqj{kk nsus dk dk;Z iwoZ dhHkk¡frughadjikjgkgSA;ghdkj.kgSfdvkto`)ksavkSjifjokjdschplQy lek;kstu ugha gks ik jgk gS vkSj o`)ksa dkikfjokfjd thou leL;kxzLr gks jgk gSA vkt dh nqfu;k¡ esa o`)ksa dks Qkyrw oLrq le>us dh izo`fRr c<rh gh tk jgh gS] blfy, o`) yksx o`)koLFkkls ?kcjkus yxs gSaA oSfnddkyesapkjvkJeksaesaeuq”; dhvk;qdksfoHkDrfd;kx;kFkkAizFkeczãp;ZvkJeesa25o”kZ]f}rh;x`gLFk
vkJe 25 ls 50 o”kZ r`rh; okuizLFk vkJe 50 ls 75 o”kZ rFkk prqFkZ lU;kl
vkJe 75 ls 100 o”kZ rdA bl izdkj euq”; dh mez 100 o”kZ ekuh tkrh Fkh] bldkyesaeuq”;r`rh;,oaprqFkZvkJeesaofj”BrkdksizkIrdjrkFkko`)O;fDr lektdksviusvuqHkoksa]lq>koksa,oafopkjksalsifjiw.kZdjldrkgSAmudslaLdkj] lnkpkj rFkk izR;sd dk;Z ldkjkRed o ‘kkfUrfiz; ekus tkrs FksA lektesao`)ksadks tks eku& lEeku vkSj izfLFkfr izkIr Fkh] vc oks /khjs&/khjs [kRe gksus yxh gSA ,dy ifjokjdhc<rhizkFkfedrklsikfjokfjdnk;jsesacqtqxZ/khjs&/khjsmisf{krgksrs tk jgs gSaSA mudh lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa dk [k;ky j[kuk rks nwj dh ckr gS] yksxksa ds fy, os Hkkj yxus yxs gSaAbldk,deq[;dkj.k]orZekkuih<+hdheksckbyQksuijc<+rhgqbZ
fuHkZjrk Hkh gSA orZekku esa o`)tuksa ls lykg ysus ds LFkku ij] xwxy ij lek/kku <Wwa<+usdhizo`fRresao`f)gqbZgSA
‘kCnkoyh % o`)koLFkk]o`)kJe]izfLFkfr]eukslkekftd
Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com
izjpuk% izLrqr v/;;u dks lEikfnr djus ds fy, v/;;u leL;k dh izd`fr] v/;;u ds egRo ,oa mn~ns’;ksa ds vuq:i ^^fo’ys”k.kRed**
¼Analytical½ ‘kks/k izjpuk dks pquk x;k gS( D;ksafd bl ‘kks/k izjpuk dk
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ekSfyd mn~ns’; v/;;u leL;k ls lEcfU/kr izkIr ekSfyd tkudkjh rFkk izkFkfed o f}rh;d vkadM+ksa ds vk/kkj ij ‘kks/k v/;;u dk rkfdZd fo’ys”k.k djuk gSA fo’ys”k.k ,oa fu”d”kZ% rkfydk 1 % o`)tuksa dh euks&lkekftd leL;k;
iz’u tks tkudkjh
¼uksV& dks”Bdksa ds vUrxZr iznf’kZr vkWadM+s izfr’krrk n’kkZrs gSa½
izLrqr rkfydk ds vUrxZr fHkUu igyqvksa ds lUnHkZ esa izkIr izkFkfed
vkWadM+ksa ds fo’ys”k.k ls Li”V gksrk gS fd&
¼1½ 40 izfr’kr o`) lwpuknkrkvksa us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd o`) gks
tkus ij mudh iqjkuh vknrksa esa vUrj@ifjorZu gks x;k gS tcfd
o;kso`)@fjVk;j gks x, gSa blfy, os lkoZtfud thou esa euks&
lkekftd leL;kvksa dh vuqHkwfr;kWa djrs gSaA
¼2½ 56 izfr’kr o`) lwpuknkrkvksa us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd os bl
voLFkk esa [kku&iku le; ij u fey ikus lEcU/kh leL;kvksa dh
vuqHkwfr djrs gSaA
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¼3½ 61 izfr’kr o`) lwpuknkrkvksa us ;g LohdkjksfDr;kWa dh gSa fd os
vius nSfud thou esa vuq’kklu lEcU/kh leL;k dh vuqHkwfr;kWa
djrs gSa D;ksafd ifjtu u rks mudh ckr gh ekurs gSa vkSj u
vuq’kklu esa gh jgrs gSa( vkSj u gh muds thou ds vuqHkoksa dk gh
ykHk gh ysuk pkgrs gSaA
¼4½ 81 izfr’kr o`) lwpuknkrk ifjokj rFkk leqnk; ds O;fDr;ksa ds
lkFk lkeatL; LFkkfir djus esa fofHkUu izdkj dh dfBukbZ;ksa dk
vuqHko djrs gSa D;ksafd os iqjkus fopkjksa ds gSaA
¼5½ 50 izfr’kr o`) lwpuknkrkvksa us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd os
dHkh&dHkh ifjtuksa rFkk leqnk; ds yksxksa ds lkFk laosxkRed
Hkkoukvksa ds f’kdkj gks tkrs gSa] ysfdu o`) gks tkus dh ctg ls
fQj Hkh la;e o /kS;Z cjrrs gSaA
¼6½ 96 izfr’kr o`) lwpuknkrkvksa us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd muds
vkRe lEeku lEcU/kh lksp esa cnyko vk;k gS( ,slh vuqHkwfr;kWa os
djrs gSa fd yksx mudk mruk lEeku ugha djrs ftruk fd mUgsa
djuk pkfg,A bl rF; dh iqf”V flag Hkkjr4 ¼2009½ ds 250
xzkeh.k o;kso`) lwpuknkrkvksa ij vk/kkfjr vkuqHkfod v/;;u ls Hkh
gksrh gSA
mijksDr vkuqHkfod rF;ksa ds fo’ys”k.k ds izdk’k esa Li”V gS fd
orZeku ifjos’k esa o`)tu ¼iq:”k o efgyk,a½ fofHkUu izdkj dh vusdksa
leL;kvksa ¼lkekftd] vkfFkZd] ekufld] euksoSKkfud rFkk ‘kkjhfjd%
fpfdRlk o LokLF; lEcU/kh vkfn½ ls xzflr gSaA dbZ o;kso`)ksa us rks ?kj
ifjokj NksM+dj o`)kJeksa esa tkdj ‘kj.k ysus dh ea’kk Hkh O;Dr dh gSa tks
,d vR;Ur nq[kn igyw gSA
izkIr fu”d”kZ bl izdkj gSa&
¼1½ vk/kqfud ifjorZuksa ds dkj.k o`)tuksa esa ifjokj ds lkFk lkeatL;
djus dk furkUr vHkko ik;k tkrk gSA
¼2½ o`)tuksa dks ifjtu Hkkj le>dj muds lkFk mis{kkiw.kZ O;ogkj djrs
gSa rFkk muls NqVdkjk ikuk pkgrs gSaSA
Copyright © 2022, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies
¼3½ o`)koLFkk esa fpMfp<kiu] vkyL;] ,dkUr fiz;rk rFkk fujk’kk vk
tkrh gSSA
¼4½ euq”; esa o`)koLFkk esa ‘kkjhfjd rFkk ekufld ifjorZu gksus ls
muds eu esa fpUrk dk izdze ‘kq: gks tkrk gSA
¼5½ ifjtu( vius o`)tuksa ds yEcs vuqHkoksa dk ykHk ysuk ugha pkgrs
gaSA
¼6½ vf/kd mez ds o`)tu lkekftd thou esa ncko ,o Lo;a dks
misf{kr vuqHko djrs gSaSA
¼7½ vk/kqfud HkkSfrdrkoknh laLd`fr rFkk rsth ds lkFk cnyrk lkekftd
i;kZoj.k o`)tuksa ds fy, leL;k,a mRiUu dj jgs gSaSA
¼8½ c<rh gqbZ lapkj dzkfUr ,oa lkekftd xfr’khyrk( o`)tuksa dh mis{kk
ds fy, ,d izHkkoh dkjd gSSA vk/kqfud ifjorZuksa ds dkj.k o`)tuksa
esa ifjokj ds lkFk lkeatL; djus dk furkUr vHkko ik;k tkrk gSSA
lanHkZ%
feJk ds- ,l-(C;ogkfjdlekt’kkL=%leL;k,a,oalkekftd fo/kku]izdk’ku dsUnzy[kużm-iz-½ 2010] i`”B&132 yokfu;ka ,l-,e-( Hkkjrh; lkekftd leL;k,a] d`”.kk cqd LVksj izdk’ku f’kdksgkckn¼mRrjizns’k½2007i`”B&203
lkjLor jes’k ih-( Hkkjrh; lkekftd C;oLFkk( HknkSfj;k ifCydslUl ,.M cqd lsUVj¼izk-fy-½bVkok¼m-iz-½]2013]i`”B&157 j;wVj ,e-vkj- ,.M gVZ ih-vkj-( ,su bUVªksMD’ku Vwlksfl;ksykWth]eSd xzks fgy cqddEiuhdksxkdq’kk]U;w;kdZ]2000]i`”B&320
feJk ih-ds-( ekuo lekt dh :ijs[kk] fodkl ifCydslUl] tokgj uxj] ubZ fnYyh]2009] i`”B&37
JhokLro gj izdk’k( Jfedksa esa lkekftd&C;kolkf;d xfr’khyrk ds fofo/k vk;ke]LVjfyaxizdk’ku¼izk-fy-½ubZfnYyh]2010&91] i`”B&13
vxzoky Hkjr( Hkkjrh; lekt % vrhr ls orZeku rd] eueksgu nkl iqLrd efUnj¼izk-fy-½Hkjriqj¼jktLFkku½]la’kksf/krlaLdj.k]2011] i`”B&103
lR;sUnz ds- ,.M HkVukxj ih-ds- (fjlpZfMtk;ubulkslylkbUlst%lksly df.MlUl ,.M izkWcyEl ( txUukFk ifCyllZ ¼izk-fy-½ njHkaxk ¼fcgkj½ f}rh;laLdj.k]2012] i`”B&89
flUgk ,-ds-( , LVMh vkQ n :jy dYpj] bf.M;u tuZy vkQ :jy lksfl;ksykWth]okY;we&29vad&43]fnlEcj2014] i`”B&43
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