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ECCLESIASTICAL SEALS 4 December 2014 The Swedenborg Hall 20-21 Bloomsbury Way London WC1A 2TH
Head Office TimeLine Auctions Limited TimeLine House 1 & 2 Arterial Road East Horndon, Brentwood CM13 3LJ, UK Website www.timelineauctions.com Viewing Tuesday 2 December 12 noon to 6 pm Wednesday 3 December 9 am to 10 am
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CEO Brett Hammond Heads of Departments Antiquities: Brett Hammond Coins: Christopher Wren Collectibles: Shaun Evans Consultants Dr. Ronald Bonewitz (Gemstones & General Antiquities) Peter Bufton (Far Eastern, Islamic & Ethnographic) Peter Clayton, FCILIP, Dip, Arch, FSA, FRNS (Egyptian) Richard Falkiner, FSA (Jewellery & General Antiquities) Bret Gaunt (General Antiquities) Dane Kurth (Greek & Roman Coins & Antiquities) David Miller (Coins & General Antiquities) Stephen Pollington (Anglo-Saxon & Viking Antiquities) Dr. Laura Proffitt (Classical & General Antiquities) Stefany Tomalin (Beads & Associated Jewellery) Italo Vecchi (Coins & General Antiquities) Auctioneers Robin Baker FRNS Sean Kelly (Storage Hunters) Lindsey Gundersen (SKY TV Anchor) Press Desk Edward Fletcher BA (Hons) Head of Photography Denis Cook Catalogue Production & Layout Damir & Davor Radic General Enquiries +44 (0) 1277 815121 enquiries@timelineauctions.com
Sale Number: 37b Catalogue: ÂŁ15
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Illustrations Front and back cover: Lot 744
Contents
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Ecclesiastical Seals 4 December 2014: From 2:45 pm (Lot 744-759) King Robert the Bruce of Scotland & Dunfermline Abbey Cokete Seal Matrix Pair Ecclesiastical Seals
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Explanation of Symbols z Lots illustrated on our website, liveauctioneers.com and the-saleroom.com but not in this catalogue Red Title
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Bidding This is a rostrum auction and there will be live internet bidding through www.the-saleroom.com and www.liveauctioneers.com. The buyer’s premium is 21% inclusive (live internet bidding is subject to additional charge of 3% + VAT). TimeLine Auctions is not responsible for any missed lots or bids due to network speed or down-time. Bidders are reminded that our website carries high-resolution enlargeable colour images of all of the items illustrated in this catalogue, together with items not illustrated in print. An Absentee Bidding Form is included at the back of this catalogue and can be mailed, faxed or emailed, to reach us by no later than 9 pm BST on Monday 1 December 2014. Alternatively, please register on our website and record your absentee bids free of charge via your online account: www.timelineauctions.com. Please do not consider your commission form to have been successfully logged unless you have received an acknowledgement from us. Collection and Storage All lots will be available for collection from The Swedenborg Hall up to 7 pm on the day of the sale, after which time they will be sent for storage. Lots will be available to collect from our Essex premises from Monday 8 December 2014, after which storage charges may apply. Notice to Buyers Some lots will require export licences in order to leave the UK or EU, please contact us for advice if required. We try to provide information regarding general condition, restorations, repairs and damage for each lot but this is necessarily subjective. The absence of specific information does not imply that the lot is free from defects or that it is in good condition. Bidders should satisfy themselves in all respects by personal inspection before bidding. Estimate ranges are provided for general information only and are given in Pounds Sterling (£); and for antiquities, approximate equivalents in Euros (EUR) and US Dollars (USD). Hammer prices may fall outside the ranges indicated. All bids and payments must be made in Pounds Sterling (£). Please be aware that items containing restricted animal-derived material such as coral or ivory will need a specialist CITIES export license to leave the EU. How to Find the Auction Venue The Swedenborg Hall is located in the heart of London, aproximately 200 metres from Great Russell Street and the British Museum. The nearest London Underground stations are Holborn and Russell Square. Local Hotels There are several hotels within a short walking distance, including The Holiday Inn and The Thistle Hotel in Bloomsbury.
Seal of the Regality of the Abbey of Dunfermline
Ecclesiastical Seals Lots 744 - 759
Ecclesiastical Seals
TimeLine Auctions
King Robert the Bruce of Scotland and Dunfermline Abbey Cokete Seal Matrix Pair
The use of seals, are essentially implements or tools for impressing a design into clay or wax to validate a document, to identify the sender, or to prevent interference, was first attested in ancient Mesopotamia, where cylinder seals were commonplace. The Egyptians used seals, often in the form of a scarab, on the doors of tombs and as signets; the Romans and Byzantines used personal and official seals extensively, and Chinese imperial officials took great pride in their large seals of jade. Seals have always been items of status, produced for an individual person, office, or institution and carefully protected. Some are of generic and simple design, others are very complex and may be inscribed with the name and titles of the bearer, an invocation to gods, an assertion of rights or another sentiment; some convey a curse on anyone interfering with them. Intaglio gemstones and other materials were also used as seals or incoporated in their fabric. In Britain and in continental Europe, the use of seals as a 'signature' and to validate documents became de rigeur for all levels of society from the middle Saxon period onwards. Royal seals on charters and grants, seals of cities, corporations, boroughs and religious foundations, seals of office, and personal seals confirming commercial or legal documents were both highly recognisable and esteemed. Many bore easily identifiable iconography at a time when few ordinary people were literate.
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Seals were also made and used where certain rights had been assumed or conferred. The practise of a monarch to allow a borough or church institution the right to collect and use revenues from customs duties or taxes, for example, is reflected in the use of 'cokete' seals. Such a seal for Dunfermline Abbey is offered in this sale; it was used to indicate that the taxes or duties payable on goods had been paid over to the Abbey. These rights might be granted by a monarch for limited periods or purposes, such as that granted to the 'Mayor and Community' of Waterford by Richard II in 1388 for a period of three years for the purpose of building or maintaining the walls and defences for the city (see Patent Roll, 12 Richard II) or in perpetuity, such as that to Dunfermline Abbey as a religious offering to the church and to God. Other examples known for Scotland include that for the Regality of Melrose (14th century AD), Inverness and Cromerty, Strathearn (in the person of the Earl of Strathearn, 14th century AD) and the City of St Andrews (16th century). In Scotland, especially, the obscure term 'cokete' has historically been applied since at least the 13th century AD to a 'seal of the customs house' or a document bearing such a seal as evidence that customs duties had been paid. It was usual for a 'Clerk of the Cokete' to be appointed to hold the seal and authorised to issue customs documents. It has been reasonably suggested that the name comes from the Latin phrase 'quo quiets est' (by which he is quit) which are the normal last or closing words on a customs house receipt of the Medieval period.
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Ecclesiastical Seals
For abbeys, monasteries, hospitals and other religious centres, seals were made for the institution itself (often referred to as 'communities'), specifically for officials serving that institution in a particular position or office (such as the 13th century seal of the almoner of St Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury, offered as lot 1013 in the TimeLine Auctions sale of 30th May 2014) and for individuals associated with it. In general, the larger and more impressive the seal, the greater the importance of the institution or the higher the rank of the individual. The legal phrase 'signed, sealed and delivered' confirmed the legitimacy and authority of any transaction document. A high ranking church official might have the use of several seals; he might hold the primary seal of the institution, used on documents of high importance for the body as a whole; he would also have had a seal for his use in his office generally, plus a personal seal (often circular) for private use or used as a 'counter' seal to further validate the document. The manufacture of seal matrices was a specialist occupation (by 'sigillarii') and, from about the middle 13th century onwards, the most commonly used material was a copper alloy. Most seals for institutions and important rights are circular and of large size, whilst most office or personal seals for clerics and churchmen were vesica (pointed oval) in shape. Large and important seals were usually made in pairs and used in a press to form the large wax seal impression over a strip of parchment by which it was attached to the document. In Britain during the medieval period, the material used for receiving the seal impression was a mixture of beeswax, often with pine resin added, and a coloured filler, usually red or green.
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Ecclesiastical Seals
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ROBERT THE BRUCE & DUNFERMLINE ABBEY Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland, was born 11 July 1174 and acceded to the throne in 1306. He is revered to Scots as perhaps the most important figure in the history of Scottish independence. He was a great-grandson of David I and, with William Wallace and others, revolted against the English under Edward I. He was a Guardian of Scotland among other claimants to the throne and, in 1302, agreed a peace with Edward I. On the death of his father in 1304, Robert resumed his claim to the Scottish throne and, after killing John Comyn and being excommunicated, he was crowned at Scone on 25 March 1306. He had mixed fortunes against the English, losing a battle and fleeing the country before returning in 1307 and defeating the English at Loudoun Hill. The death of Edward I and the succession of the weak Edward II in England in 1307 allowed Robert to continue to establish his reign and authority by defeating other claimants to the throne until he held his first parliament in 1309, at St Andrews; continued fighting over the next few years established his control over most of Scotland. His greatest war triumph came when he defeated the much larger English army, under Edward II, at Bannockburn in June 1314 and this allowed him to threaten large parts of northern England. He recaptured Berwick in 1318, long a bone of contention between England and Scotland. The culmination of his reign was the recognition by the Pope of Robert as undisputed king and of Scotland as an independant nation; in 1327, by the Treaty of EdinburghNorthampton, Edward III finally renounced the English claim to rule Scotland. Robert died in 1329, his heart was buried in Melrose Abbey and his body in Dunfermline Abbey, with which he had so long been associated; his tomb is today marked by a magnificant brass. Queen Margaret, descended from pre-Norman kings of Wessex and England, was married to King Malcolm III of Scotland in 1070. She founded Dunfermline Abbey in 1072 and in 1250, she was canonised. As St. Margaret, her worship was enshrined at Dunfermline Abbey, which fictively claimed that Margaret herself had founded the monastic community and went so far as to create a ‘foundation charter’ in her name. Margaret was born in exile in Hungary along with her brother Edgar Ætheling, (circa 1051–circa 1126), the children of Edward the exiled King of England. She returned to England in 1057 with her kinsmen, but had to flee to Scotland after the Norman invasion of England of 1066. She was noted for her charitable works, including the establishment of a ferry across the Firth of Forth for pilgrims travelling to Dunfermline Abbey, after which the towns of South Queensferry and North Queensferry took their names. She was the mother of three later kings of Scotland and a queen consort of England. Shortly after his accession to the throne in 1124, David I raised the Church of the Holy Trinity, at Dunfermline, to the rank and dignity of an Abbey, and translated to it a colony of 13 Benedictine monks from Canterbury, in England - this carrying out the pious wishes of his deceased brother and predecessor. In 1124 the monastic community of Dunfermline thus numbered 13 Culdees (non-monastic devotees) and 13 Benedictine monks. King Robert I had a longstanding connection with the abbey of Dunfermline. After his death, possibly from leprosy, the king was buried there, beneath what was then the centre of the church, below the high altar and next to his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh, but not before his heart was removed and buried at Melrose Abbey. His tomb, lost for centuries, was rediscovered during building works at the abbey in 1818 when workmen uncovered a sealed vault containing a decayed oak lead-lined coffin, still draped in shreds of gold cloth. The king’s skeleton was reburied, with some ceremony, the following year and still rests within the abbey, which now bears the legend ‘KING ROBERT THE BRUCE’ around its rebuilt eastern tower.
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Ecclesiastical Seals
Provenance
Property of a London gentleman; previously with Ebenezer Henderson, before 1878 (see his Annals of Dunfermline, p.766 where he lists items related to Dunfermline, including these matrices, then in his possession); by inheritance from S. Henderson after 1867; by presentation from the Hon. Sir William Ogilvie, 2nd February 1867; exhibited at the library of the Society of Advocates, early 19th century (possibly by Ogilvie or his father); referred to by Laing (see below) in 1850 as having “been in possession of the writer of the Annals for a great many years”. Accompanied by the Art Loss Register certificate reference number 1418AR. John Graham Dalyell (1775-1851), son of Sir Robert Dalyell, 4th Baronet, was an advocate, naturalist, author and antiquary, a member of the Society of Arts for Scotland (president, 1839-1840); the seal matrices are recorded as having been kept in the library of the Society of Advocates, Edinburgh, of which he was a member, in the late 18thearly 19th century period.
William Ogilvie, Baronet of Nova Scotia (succeeded to the title on the death of his father, 1824), of Carnoustie, presented the seal matrices to S. Henderson (father of Ebenezer Henderson) in 1867. Dr. Ebenezer Henderson (1800-1879), of Muckhart, was the son of a Dunfermline watchmaker. As a boy he displayed a great taste for the scientific study which subsequently gained him the position of importance which he occupied in scientific and literary circles; he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical and Royal Antiquarian Societies, while a degree of LL.D was conferred on him by an American college. His work on the Annals of Dunfermline (published 1879, in which he confirms that the matrices were in his possession from at least 1878) greatly influenced the government’s decision, in 1856, to recognise Dunfermline as a city. In recognition of his valuable services he was made a Freeman of the City of Dunfermline in 1859.
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Ecclesiastical Seals
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744 KING ROBERT THE BRUCE OF SCOTLAND AND DUNFERMLINE ABBEY COKETE SEAL MATRIX PAIR Commissioned to be cut 10th July 1322 AD The Cokete Seal of Dunfermline Abbey matrix pair, contained in a hinged wooden box with velvet-lined recesses and labels; the seal matrix in two parts with locating posts (these inserted and soldered in place) and sockets; the obverse matrix (with posts) depicting (reversed and incuse) St. Margaret, founder and benefactress of the abbey, in robe and crown with a sceptre, between two heater shields bearing the royal arms of Scotland (a lion rampant within a double tressure) and the arms of Dunfermline Abbey (a cross moline among five martlets) with the Lombardic legend to the border +S’ COKETE REGALITATIS DE DVNFERMELYNN (Cokete Seal of the Regality
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of Dunfermline); the reverse (counterseal) matrix with heater shield within foliage depicting the royal arms of Scotland and border with the Lombardic legend +ROBERTVS DEI GRACIA REX SCOTORVM (Robert, by the Grace of God, King of the Scots) with floral ornament and quatrefoil stops; the antique, custom made, wooden box with old paper and ink label to the lid with monochrome depiction of the counterseal; also with paper labels to the inside of the box with handwritten text ‘The Cokete Seal of the Regality of Dunfermline presented to S. Henderson by Hon. W. Ogilvie - Cowden’s Muck(h)art 2nd February 1867’ and ‘The Cokete Seal of the Regality of Dunfermline A.D. 1323 - Vide Dalyells Monastic Antiquities page 72:
Ecclesiastical Seals
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- Mercers History of Dunfermline page 63 Chalmers’s History of Dunfermline no.1 page 253 (E. Henderson 2 Feb. 1867)’; also with inked date ‘Feby 2d 1867’; offered with original editions of three books (listed below) which refer to this matrix pair and a bound set of research notes. 337 grams total, matrices 55mm diameter, case 87mm square (Matrices 2¼, case 3½"). Extremely fine condition; unobtrusive ancient hairline edge cracks from use to obverse seal. Unique and very important. £80,000 - 120,000 EUR 101,500 - 152,250 USD 128,310 - 192,470
Footnotes
A Cokete Seal was used by customs officials. Seal matrices were important artefacts with legal standing; they were kept securely and would normally be destroyed when obsolete or damaged; this pair show signs of usage wear and the beginnings of cracking at the edges resulting from the pressures exerted when used in a seal press to force the beeswax mixture fully into the design recesses. It is possible that the pair was discarded from use when the damage became evident but before the matrix broke and it was then inadvertently preserved.
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Ecclesiastical Seals
Contemporary documents: 1) Robert the Bruce royal charter of 1315 AD to Dunfermline Abbey: "Robert, by the grace of God King of Scots, to all upright men in his whole land, greeting: Know ye that, for the safety of our own soul and that of our predecessors and successors, Kings of Scotland, we have given, granted, and by this our present Charter, have confirmed to God, the Blessed Mary the Virgin, the Church of the Holy Trinity, and St. Margaret, Queen of Dunfermlyn, and to the monks serving and to serve God for ever in the same, the right of patronage of the vicar Church of Inverkeithing, with the pertinents, as freely and quietly, fully, peacefully, and honourably as the predecessors formerly of Roger de Moubray, knight, who had forfeited it to us, have held and possessed the said right of patronage most freely, quietly, and honourably in all things, by rendering to us nothing therefore by only the suffrages of their prayers: Besides, we give and grant, and, by this our present charter, confirm to the foresaid monks, the whole of our new great Customs from all their lands within our kingdom, viz., the land of the burghs of Dunfermlyne, Kirkcaldy, Musselburgh, and Queensferry, and from all their other lands whatsoever; To also let the said monks have and use their own Koketa, according to the liberties of their regality, and our present concession in all their foresaid lands; and let this Koketa be acknowledged and admitted by all burgesses and our people, and foreign merchants throughout our whole kingdom, without obstruction from our chamberlains, or other servants of ours whatsoever for the time being, without petition from any other allocation of liberation, by finding for this our donation and concession of the said Customs for us and our successors, in honour of God and the Blessed Virgin Mary, and the aforesaid Blessed Margaret in the Choir in front of her shrine, one wax candle solemnly lighted, continually and forever. In testimony whereof we have caused our seal to be attached to our present Charter, these fathers being witnesses. William, and William, Bishops of St. Andrews and Dunkeld; Bernard, our Chancellor, the Abbot of Aberborthick; Duncan and Thomas Randolph, of Fife" (Registrum de Dunfermelyn, No. 346, p.232-233);
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2) Royal writ of Robert the Bruce dated 10th July, 1322 to the Magistrates of Bruges: "Robert, by the Grace of God, King of the Scots, wishes prosperity and a continual increase of happiness to our very dear friends, the Magistrates and Ministers of the Burgh, and the whole community of the City of Bruges, Know ye, that from a regard to Divine charity, we have granted to the religious men, the Abbot and Convent of Dunfermline, our Monks, the whole of our large Customs from all their lands within our kingdom, in free, pure, and perpetual alms; wherefore we have thought, wherever and whenever your merchants with their merchandise, shall present to you in due form the seal of the said religious men, your whole community should be requested to be careful to receive it as our own proper Seal. In testimony whereof we send you these our letters patent. Given at Scone, on the tenth day of July, in the sixteenth of our reign” (Registrum de Dunfermelyn, No. 596, p.415; Fernie’s Hist. Dunf. pp.195-196; Mercer's The History of Dunfermline from the Earliest Records Down to the Present Time, pp.306-307); 3) For the year 1322 AD, from the records of Dunfermline Abbey: "The Cocquet Seal of the Regality Court of Dunfermline was engraven this year by sanction of King Robert the Bruce, by Chapter, dated at Scone, 10th July, 1322, along with letters patent to all who paid customs at Bruges, in Flanders, or elsewhere, notifying that wherever this Seal was in due form produced, it was to be recognised as the authority for collecting the customs granted to the Abbey by the King, &c." 4) Great Customs of Dunfermline. Robert the Bruce intimated, by Charter, to his Great Chamberlain, that the Abbey had a gift of the Great Customs of Wool, Skins, and Leather, arising from their own lands and men throughout the whole kingdom. This Charter is dated “Forfar, 10th September, 1322.” (Registrum de Dunfermelyn, p. 247, No. 362; Dal. Mon. An. p. 20, also p. 252, No. 369.)
Ecclesiastical Seals
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Published citations:
1) Dalyell, John Graham, A Tract Chiefly Relative to Monastic Antiquities, with Some Account of a Recent Search for the Remains of the Scottish Kings Interred in the Abbey of Dunfermline, Edinburgh, 1809, pp.72-73 and plate (illustrating a lead impression of the obverse) - with an original edition of this book. 2) Mercer, Andrew, The History of Dunfermline from the Earliest Records Down to the Present Time, Dunfermline, 1828, p.63, footnote. 3) Chalmers, Rev. Peter, History of Dunfermline, Blackwood & sons, 1844, vol. 1, p.253. 4) Laing, Henry Descriptive Catalogue of Impressions from Scottish Seals, Edinburgh, 1850, pp.215-216, numbers 1190 and 1191 ("This and the counter seal following, are fine and interesting specimens, in most excellent preservation. The design of this one is an elegant fulllength figure of Saint Margaret, with an open crown of three points. In her right hand she holds a scepter, and a book in her left. At the dexter side is a shield bearing the arms of Scotland, and at the sinister another, with a cross fleury between five martlets, being the paternal arms of the Queen. The back-ground is elegantly ornamented with foliage. S COKETE REGALITATIS DE DVMFERMLYN. Counter Seal of the last. Merely containing the arms of Scotland. Foliage surrounds the shield. ROBERTVS DEI GRACIA REX SCOTORVM". This seal is and has been in possession of the writer of the Annals for a great many years") - with an original edition of this book.
5) Dunfermline Press, Dunfermline, Thursday, 1 September 1859, cols. 6-7, report of the Presentation of the Freedom of the City and Dinner to Dr. Henderson (wherein his speech mentions the Cokete Seal, among others) - with a printout of the newspaper article. 6) Henderson, Dr. Ebenezer, Annals of Dunfermline, Glasgow, 1879, pp.107-147 and 766 (for a list of items in the possession of the author) - with an original edition of this book. 7) Birch, Walter de Gray, Catalogue of Seals in the Department of Manuscripts at the British Museum, British Museum, 1895, vol. IV, numbers 15,512 (a contemporary red wax impression) and 15,513 (19th century sulphur casts from these matrices) - with a copy of these entries. 8) National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh, reference K.1999.802 (19th century sulphur cast of the obverse matrix), with a printed image of this cast; Literature
Harvey, P. D. A. and McGuiness, Andrew, A Guide to British Medieval Seals, British Library and Public Record Office, 1996, pp.41-42 and fig 36 (for brief discussion of customs service and cokete seals, illustrated with an example for Inverness and Cromarty); see TimeLine Auctions, 19 June 2013, lot 1322 (part) for an electrotype of a cokete seal for Winchester.
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Ecclesiastical Seals
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745 MEDIEVAL ‘ALEXANDER OF THORPE’ VESICA SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A bronze seal with strap and loop to the reverse; intaglio design of a robed figure standing beneath a tracery arch with raised hand, a chalice on altar before; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘S’ ALEXSANDRI DE TORPI’ (seal of Alexander of Thorpe [-in-Balne]); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 7.08 grams, 33mm (1½"). Very fine condition. £400 - 600 EUR 510 - 760 USD 640 - 960 Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found Thorpe-in-Balne, near Doncaster, Yorkshire, UK.
745
746 MEDIEVAL MADONNA AND CHILD VESICA SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A large bronze seal with strap and loop to the reverse; intaglio design of Madonna and Child (Mary and Jesus) within a trefoil arch with cross above, a smaller arch below between towers with supplicant figure of a praying tonsured monk; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘S’ CONVENTVS F R M PREDICATORUM VRG’ M’ (seal of the convention ... of the preachers of the Virgin Mary?); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 18 grams, 46mm (1¾"). Very fine condition. £1,200 - 1,800 EUR 1,520 - 2,280 USD 1,920 - 2,890 Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found near Rochester, Kent, UK.
746
747 MEDIEVAL ‘KING OF THE ENGLISH NATION’ SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A bronze ‘chess piece’ type stamp seal with hexagonal-section shank and loop above; intaglio design of a standing crowned figure of the king holding a sceptre and with an eagle to his side, above a robed supplicant figure praying; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘A[V?E?] REX GENTIS ANGLORV’ ([hail?] king of the English nation); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 3.71 grams, 20mm (¾"). Very fine condition. £600 - 900 EUR 760 - 1,140 USD 960 - 1,440
747
Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found near Blyth, Northumberland, UK.
748 MEDIEVAL ‘ST HELENA’ OVAL SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A bronze ‘chess piece’ type stamp seal with hexagonal-section shank and trefoil loop above; intaglio design of a robed standing female figure holding a cross with head inclined towards a robed kneeling figure praying in a field of trefoils; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘*SC HELENA.PRO.ME.ORA‘ (‘Saint Helena pray for me); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 11 grams, 26mm (1"). Very fine condition. £400 - 600 EUR 510 - 760 USD 640 - 960 748
Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found Firle, East Sussex, UK.
749 MEDIEVAL ‘JOHN OF MESSINGHAM’ OVAL SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A bronze ‘chess piece’ type stamp seal with hexagonal-section shank and quatrefoil loop above; intaglio design of Madonna and Child (Mary and Jesus) with tree within an arch, lateral towers and stars above, kneeling supplicant in panel beneath; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘S’IOH’ISDEMESSINGHAM’ (seal of John of Messingham); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 8.71 grams, 23mm (1"). Very fine condition. £500 - 800 EUR 630 - 1,010 USD 800 - 1,280 749
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Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found near Louth, Lincolnshire, UK.
Ecclesiastical Seals
TimeLine Auctions
750 MEDIEVAL ‘HALDARD’ CORPUS CHRISTI OVAL SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A bronze ‘chess piece’ type stamp seal with hexagonal-section shank, collar and trefoil loop above; intaglio design of the crucifixion in one arch and Madonna and Child (Mary and Jesus) in the other, a robed supplicant beneath with chalice; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘MATER QV[...] HALDARD’ (mother [of God?] ...Haldard); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 20 grams, 33mm (1¼"). Very fine condition. £400 - 600 EUR 510 - 760 USD 640 - 960 Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found Gringley-on-the-Hill, Nottinghamshire, UK.
750
751 MEDIEVAL ‘ST CATHERINE’ OVAL SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A bronze ‘chess piece’ type stamp seal with hexagonal-section shank and trefoil loop above; the intaglio design of a facing female figure holding a spoked and spiked wheel, a frond to each side; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘*SAVNCACATERINA’ (Saint Catherine); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 13 grams, 27mm (1"). Extremely fine condition. £300 - 500 EUR 380 - 630 USD 480 - 800 Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found Norfolk, UK.
751
752 MEDIEVAL ‘ST CATHERINE’ CIRCULAR SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A bronze ‘chess piece’ type stamp seal with hexagonal-section shank and quatrefoil loop above; intaglio design of a quatrefoil with a tressure of arches, within which a facing female figure with a spiked wheel in her left hand and robed kneeling figure praying at her side; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘CATINA:VIRGO:DIVINA:CLEMENT[IS]S[I]MA’ (Catherine the most merciful divine virgin); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 16 grams, 29mm (1¼"). Extremely fine condition. £600 - 900 EUR 760 - 1,140 USD 960 - 1,440
752
Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found Thaxted, Essex, UK.
753 MEDIEVAL ‘QUEEN OF MERCY’ VESICA SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A bronze seal matrix with strap and loop to the reverse; intaglio design of a haloed facing Madonna and Child (Mary and Jesus) and robed supplicant figure praying below, beneath an arch; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘+SALVE REGINA MISERICORDE’ (Save [me] O Queen of Mercy); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 11 grams, 35mm (1½"). Very fine condition. £500 - 800 EUR 630 - 1,010 USD 800 - 1,280 Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found near Canterbury, Kent, UK.
753
754 MEDIEVAL ‘ST JOHN THE BAPTIST’ OVAL SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A bronze ‘chess piece’ type stamp seal with hexagonal-section shank, collar and trefoil loop above; intaglio design of a standing figure of St John within an arcade with trefoils and tracery holding a circular object; a kneeling supplicant figure before, to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘ECCExAGNVSxDEI’ (Behold, the Lamb of God’); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 15 grams, 29mm (1¼"). Fine condition, small chip to edge. £200 - 300 EUR 250 - 380 USD 320 - 480 Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found Worcester, Worcestershire, UK.
754
13
Ecclesiastical Seals
TimeLine Auctions
755 MEDIEVAL ‘GABRIEL AND MARY ANNUNCIATION’ VESICA SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD
755
A bronze seal matrix with strap and loop to the reverse; intaglio design of a double arch with central balustered column and abbey buildings above, a winged male figure (Gabriel) in one arch addressing a facing robed female (Mary) in the other, a tonsured supplicant below with hands raised; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘MISS:EST GABRIEL AD MARI’ (Gabriel is sent to Mary); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 6.73 grams, 31mm (1¼"). Very fine condition. £600 - 900 EUR 760 - 1,140 USD 960 - 1,440 Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found near Jervaulx Abbey, Yorkshire, UK.
756 MEDIEVAL ‘ST. STEPHEN’ CIRCULAR SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD
756
A bronze ‘chess piece’ stamp seal with hexagonal-section shank, collar and trefoil loop above; intaglio design of a standing robed figure holding stones with fronds in the field; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘*SANCTVS-STEFANVS’ (Saint Stephen); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 22 grams, 34mm (1½"). Extremely fine condition. £1,000 - 1,500 EUR 1,270 - 1,900 USD 1,600 - 2,410 Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found near Boston, Lincolnshire, UK.
757 MEDIEVAL ‘ST PETER’ VESICA SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A bronze stamp seal with strap and loop to the reverse; intaglio design of a standing St. Peter, facing, holding a book and a key, stars and crescents in the field; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘TV ES PETRVS ET SVP HAC PETRA’ (you are the rock and on this rock); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 11 grams, 31mm (1¼"). Extremely fine condition. £800 - 1,200 EUR 1,010 - 1,520 USD 1,280 - 1,920 757
Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found Blyth, Northumberland, UK.
758 MEDIEVAL ‘ST ANDREW’ OVAL SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A bronze stamp seal with strap and loop to the reverse; intaglio design of St. Andrew facing, tied to a saltire cross; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘S’ WILI’.CADELLANI+ANDREA:PIE’ (seal of William Cadellan, Andrew [the pious?]); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 11 grams, 26mm (1"). Extremely fine condition. £1,800 - 2,400 EUR 2,280 - 3,040 USD 2,890 - 3,850 758
Provenance Acquired in the 1970s; found Dalton-le-Dale, County Durham, UK.
759 MEDIEVAL ‘ST JOHN THE BAPTIST’ OVAL SEAL MATRIX 14th century AD A bronze ‘chess piece’ type stamp seal with hexagonal-section shank, collar and loop above; intaglio design of a facing nimbate figure of St John standing with frond and holding a miniature lamband-flag icon; to the border the Lombardic script legend ‘ECCE AGNVS D[?]EI’ (Behold, the lamb of God); accompanied by an impression and collector’s relevant data cards. 11 grams, 28mm (1"). Very fine condition. £400 - 600 EUR 510 - 760 USD 640 - 960 759
14
Provenance Acquired in the 1970’s; found Knapton, Yorkshire, UK.
TimeLine Auctions
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Buyer’s Indemnity: the Buyer agrees to indemnify TimeLine on
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a full indemnity basis against all legal and other costs, all losses and expenses incurred as a result of TimeLine taking steps under the previous paragraph. Selling at TimeLine Auctions 32. Seller’s Representations and Warranties: in submitting goods for sale, the Seller warrants and represents to TimeLine that he is the owner of the Lot or is duly authorised to sell the Lot by the owner and that he is legally capable of selling the Lot and of transferring full title to the Lot. The Seller also warrants that, to the best of his knowledge and belief, the Lot is genuine and that the description given to the Lot is accurate. The Seller warrants that he has complied with all requirements legal or otherwise relating to any export or import of the Lot and all duties and taxes in respect of the export or import of the Lot have been paid and as far as he is aware all previous third party owners have complied with such requirements. 33. Seller’s Indemnity: the Seller shall indemnify and hold TimeLine harmless from all claims and all direct, indirect or consequential losses (including loss of profits, loss of business, depletion of goodwill and similar losses), costs, proceedings, damages and expenses (including legal and other professional fees and expenses) awarded against or incurred or paid by TimeLine as a result or in connection with: (a) Any claim made against TimeLine concerning the authenticity of any Lot; (b) Any alleged or actual infringement, whether or not under English law, of any third party’s Intellectual Property Rights or other rights arising out of the Auction or sale of the Lot. 34. Selling Commission: The standard rate of selling commission payable to TimeLine shall be 18% of the Hammer Price (VAT inclusive). 35. Additional Charges: TimeLine may levy additional charges regarding: (a) Collection of goods from Seller’s premises, storage of goods submitted for sale by a Seller and storage of Lots unsold; (b) Further charges at the discretion of TimeLine on advance warning to the Seller for any unusual research, special or additional imaging, testing, consultation with external specialists, conservation, cleaning or other services concerned with presenting the Lot, including VAT or other taxes or duties as applicable. 36. Lots: all goods submitted to TimeLine will be lotted and
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greater, to TimeLine for payment of insurance; (b) TimeLine shall not be liable for loss or damage to a Lot if caused by act(s) of terrorism, war, natural disaster or other uninsurable event. (c) TimeLine does not insure any Lot after it is knocked down. (d) An excess of £200 shall apply to all claims.
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Legal Matters 43. Sale of Goods Act: The terms implied by sections 13 to 15 of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 are, to the fullest extent permitted by law, excluded.
38. Reserve Price: The seller may set a Reserve Price on any Lot where the low estimate exceeds £120 subject to agreeing that an Unsold Fee will become payable for any such Reserved Lot which fails to sell; in addition the Seller agrees that the auctioneer may accept a bid received at one bid increment or 10% of the Reserve Price (whichever is higher) below the Reserve Price sum if necessary to sell the Lot.
44. Severance: If any provision or part-provision of these terms and conditions is or becomes invalid, illegal or unenforceable, it shall be deemed modified to the minimum extent necessary to make it valid, legal and enforceable. If such modification is not possible, the relevant provision or part-provision shall be deemed deleted. Any modification to or deletion of a provision or partprovision under this clause shall not affect the validity and enforceability of the rest of the terms and conditions.
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40. Unsold Lots: in the event that a Lot is not sold no selling Commission is payable unless the Lot was subject to a Reserve Price in which case a sum of 6% (VAT inclusive) is payable by the Seller to TimeLine. Charges for storage, insurance and other charges remain payable by the Seller to TimeLine at its discretion; the Seller is responsible for collection of the unsold goods immediately following the Date of Sale.
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41. Payment to Sellers: the Net Proceeds of the Auction (Hammer Price less Selling Commission, insurance and any other charges or expenses at TimeLine’s absolute discretion) will become due and payable to the Seller 30 days following the Date of Sale provided that TimeLine have received cleared payment of the Purchase Price in full from the Buyer. 42. Insurance for Sellers: if the Seller wishes for TimeLine be responsible to the Seller as bailee for any loss or damage to the Lot being consigned, then: (a) The Seller shall agree to pay 1.5% of the Reserve or low estimate, or of the Hammer Price if sold, whichever of them is
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Absentee Bidding Form
Sale: 4 December 2014
Name: Address:
Office use only Date Received:
Telephone: E-mail:
Bidder No:
Please bid on my behalf for the following lot(s) up to the maximum bids given below. I understand that a successful bid will additionally incur a 21% Buyer’s Premium Inclusive. I agree to pay all sums due promptly, including shipping, insurance and other costs as may be relevant. I am over 18 years old. Bids must be in accordance with the increments given in our Terms and Conditions. Absentee bids must be received by no later than 9 pm on 1 December 2014, unless submitted by e-mail or in person.
Lot No
Item Description
Max Bid £
Lot No
Item Description
I confirm that I have read and agree to accept the Terms and Conditions of Sale. Signed:
Date:
If successful, I wish to pay for my purchases by: Cash/Cheque/Debit Card/Credit Card/Bank Transfer/......................................................................................................................................* *delete as required
Max Bid £
! " #$%&
( $