Technology in the School, Spring 2015

Tennessee State University EDCI 4190: Technology in the Schools

Technology Integration Booklet Dr. Nicole K. Arrighi, Spring 2015

Purpose: This booklet was developed by teacher education candidates enrolled in EDCI 4190- Technology in the Schools at Tennessee State University. These students seek to provide a service to their future colleagues through their understanding on technology as a beneficial resource in today’s classroom. Within our global society, digital learners seek opportunities to expand their knowledge beyond textbooks, worksheets, and other traditional resources.

Technology is a familiar tool to students whether used for educational or entertainment purposes.

It is likely that teachers are not as equipped with materials that incorporate technology effectively in the curriculum. The contributors of this resource guide hope to assist other practitioners with promoting critical thinking, instructional engagement, and curricular enhancements through effective technology integration.

The activities support Common Core/Tennessee curriculum standards, ISTE 2008 technology principles, and TSU’s seven knowledge, skills, and dispositions for teacher education majors.

Each student packet includes the following six (6) projects: Wordle, a unit rationale (with links to Glogster, and Present.Me tutorial video), technology-based ASSURE lesson plan, opening unit commercial, Tell’em in 10 PowerPoint notes (with three active strategies), and Wix Showcase portfolio.

Contributors:

Kelly Bardill http://bardillk.wix.com/technology-portfolio "Integrating technology into the classroom is an essential component of a balanced curriculum. It doesn't have to be elaborate or difficult. It should be easy, fun, and engaging, while helping students to learn and to grow."

Lea Bermudez http://williamsmom2.wix.com/prof-development “The purpose for integrating technology in the school is not to completely replace traditional teaching methods, but to supplement those methods in innovative new ways.

Technology in the classroom means much more than simply having a computer or electronic equipment available for use. It also means knowing how to effectively utilize technological devices, such as computers, tablets and projectors, in conjunction with supports like applications, websites, and videos to create lessons and presentations that engage students in learning.”

Jessie Brown http://jessiebrown30.wix.com/jessiebrown “The technology assignments represent my ability help students learn. Specifically, I think the Glogster demonstrates my ability to access different links and images from the internet to use for the improvement of students understanding of a subject.”

Melanie Gillingham http://melaniegillingham8.wix.com/portfolio1 “Technology has now become a major part in schools. It can be used in so many ways to educate our students, for example videos and games. Also, it can help teachers reach every type of learner.”

Kelly Henderson Kellyh1975.wix.com/MySite “A balanced curriculum includes technology seamlessly integrated into every class and allows students and educators to contribute knowledge, communicate and share the world.”

Juanita Holder http://jholder54.wix.com/juanitaholder “Incorporating technology into education will enhance the students learning process and encourage teachers to engage students in a new and exciting way. Technology is an effective teaching strategy that teachers can use to reach all learning styles within the classroom.”

Brittany Holliday http://bholliday0.wix.com/Brittany-holliday “Technology is very significant for 21st century learners. Technology helps students learn in a different and unique way through quick access of videos, mobile apps, websites, etc. These technology resources facilitate learning and makes it easier for teachers to differentiate their instruction, so that all students are learning efficiently.”

Katherine Howe katherinehowe.wix.com/katherinehowe “I believe technology is the single most important idea you can teach children of this generation. Technology broadens horizons, increases productivity and connects people on a multitude of levels. “

Kelsey Kittrell http://kksmiley1.wix.com/kelseykittrell “As a teacher it is important to remember that having technology available in the classroom is not the same as actually using the technology. Technology should only be used by teachers to complement or support their instruction.”

Carlie Lake http://wheninrome2010.wix.com/mrslake “In an ever growing technology based society it is important for educators to incorporate new advancements and utilize the variety of instructional opportunities available.

Today’s 21st century classrooms are highly diverse and therefore the instruction needs to be as well. In order for technology in the classroom to be effective, there must be a specific purpose and objective when using it. If implemented correctly it can greatly enhance student engagement, participation, and development.”

Rachael Manners http://rmanners6416.wix.com/rachaelmanners “Integrating technology into the classroom can open endless possibilities to learning. I feel that technology provides a wealth of resources for both students and teachers. If teachers effectively integrate technology with instruction, they are fostering an environment where students can achieve their highest potential.”

Abby Roberts http://aroberts211.wix.com/abby-roberts “Technology in schools is having the world at your finger tips. Technology gives students the right to be creative, independent, and successful in their work.”

Tierra Salton http://tsalton09.wix.com/tierratheeducator “The use of technology in the schools is a lot more prominent than I could have ever imagined. There are so many ways to improve instruction just by implementing the simplest form of technology. Things such as videos and the use of a SmartBoard can easily make students more excited about new content. I have grown to understand that added technology to some lessons is not a bad thing, but a way to make lessons fun and innovative.”

Tabitha Tarau http://tabicoca94.wix.com/aboutmrstarau “Albert Einstein once said, “Everybody is a genius. But if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid." Today's classrooms are composed of unique individuals, who require differentiation. Using technology as a means of striving to meet the needs of every child is only one of the various benefactions it has in schools. We live in a society that has grown to rely on technology, and it would be an injustice if educators failed to successfully prepare students to thrive in a technology-based world.”

Lee Watts http://lwatts39.wix.com//MySite “Technology is the leading factor that brings the excitement back to teaching. Its purpose is to enhance the instruction already set by the instructor. Using technology open doors to explore many opportunities for growth as it relates to the learning environment.”

Lydia Woodard http://lwoodar5.wix.com/lydiawoodard “Technology empowers teachers and students alike. Blending technology with balanced education approaches generates a world of limitless opportunities.�

Author Bardill, Kelly

Table of Contents Grade Subject/Content Topic Description Level Area This second grade unit plan is 2 English/Language Using designed to aid students in Reference Arts understanding how to use reference Materials

Bermudez, Lea

2

Mathematics

Working with Time & Money

Brown, Jessie

2

Social Studies

Black History

Gillingham, Melanie

3

Mathematics

Multiply and divide within 100

Henderson, Kelly

3

Science

Weather and weather tools

Holder, Juanita

3

Social Studies

U.S. States

materials. Second grade students need to learn to use reference materials, both print and digital, in order to clarify unfamiliar words and phrases.

In this second grade unit we will be learning to work with money, specifically word problems involving dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies.

Though second grade students may have been exposed to the basics of working with money, such as being able to recognize and identify coins and values, most have not yet learned how to use money.

In this unit we will be learning about black history and the importance of celebrating black history month. Second grade students need to learn about black history and black history month because it is an important part of America’s past.

In this unit we will be learning about multiplying and dividing within 100. Third grade students may have a problem understanding the relationship between multiplication and division because of certain math concepts and wording in a problem.

In this unit second grade students will learn about weather and weather tools. The unit is designed to instruct students about what weather is and the different apparatuses used to help forecast different types of weather.

In this unit, we will be learning how to identify and locate the states that comprise the regions of the United

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23

36

46

69

Holliday, Brittany

4

English/Language Arts

Frequently Confused Words

Howe, Katherine

4

Mathematics

Fractions

Kittrell, Kelsey

4

Science

Cells

Lake, Carlie

4

Social Studies

Early Explorers

Manners, Rachael

5

English/Language Arts

Writing a 5paragraph essay

States. Third grade students need to recognize the states and where they are located within the United States to help guide them and inform them for future references.

This fourth grade unit is intended to help students recognize the difference in words that are confused frequently such as: to, two, too, and there, their, and they’re.

Fourth grade students need to learn the differences between these words so they are correctly using and spelling the correct words in their writings In this unit, fourth grade students will be learning about comparing fractions. At the fourth grade level, comparing fractions might be a difficult concept, because at their cognitive levels, comparing numbers without a visual aid is new territory.

In this unit fourth grade students will develop an understanding of cells. This unit is designed to teach students about the different parts of a cell and their role in the body.

This unit plan is intended to develop students’ understanding of the early explorations of America in the 15th and 16th centuries. It is important for the students to comprehend and appreciate the people and important events that took place during the establishment of our country.

In this unit we will be learning how to write a five paragraph essay.

Fifth grade students need to learn how to organize their thoughts into a formal structure. The students will be writing these essays on a topic of their choice.

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80

94

116

128

Roberts, Abby

5

Mathematics

Measurement

Salton, Tierra

5

Science

Energy

Tarau, Tabitha

6

English/Language Arts

Compare and Contrast

Watts, Lee

6

Mathematics

The Number System

Woodard, Lydia

6

Science

Interdependence

Media Share Resources

In this unit fifth graders will learn how to convert units of measurement in Math. Fifth graders need to know how to convert units of measurement in the real world to be able to do every day activities and function in society.

Energy is something that is a part of every aspect of our daily lives. In this unit fifth grade students will acquire the differences between the types of energy and why they are important to our everyday existence.

This unit focuses on comparing and contrasting different forms of literature. Sixth graders must develop the ability to recognize information portrayed through different forms or genres presented to them, in order to grasp topics at hand.

In this sixth grade unit plan, student will have the opportunity to explore different methods and strategies to understand the number system. It is important that students learn the similarities and differences of both positive and negative real numbers.

In this unit sixth grade students will be learning about interdependence in science. Sixth grade students need to learn more in depth about interdependence in science to have a strong understanding that all life is interdependent and interacts with the environment.

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Kelly Bardill Unit Rationale – Understanding Reference Materials This second grade unit plan is designed to aid students in understanding how to use reference materials. Second grade students need to learn to use reference materials, both print and digital, in order to clarify unfamiliar words and phrases. With word processing programs, autocorrect features, and access to internet becoming more readily available, students are not often exposed to these types of reference materials. Therefore, students will explore glossaries and dictionaries as well as construct their own glossary. Students will also utilize a digital dictionary to complete worksheets and other assigned activities. The ability to use reference materials is an important life skill because it encourages children to be lifelong learners. It also encourages students to build their vocabulary. Furthermore, the ability to use reference materials will be employed throughout the educational experience, and well into many jobs/careers.

Studying and understanding how to use reference materials in English/Language Arts is a learning expectation covered in the Common Core State Standards in Vocabulary Acquisition and Use 4.0. e. Use glossaries and beginning dictionaries, both print and digital, to determine or clarify the meaning of words and phrases.

Present.Me Tutorial: http://present.me/view/265129-reference-materials-powerpoint Opening Commercial: 2_Dictionary.wav Glogster: http://bardillk.edu.glogster.com/reference-materials/ 12 | P a g e

ASSURE Lesson Plan Reference Materials Name: Kelly Bardill Duration of Lesson: 30-45 minutes

Analyze learners

Subject Area(s): ELA Grade Level: 2

Guild Elementary School is located in Gallatin, TN. It is a Title I school, and serves grades pre-k to 5. Sixty-six percent of the students are classified as economically disadvantaged. The male to female ratio is about 50/50. Student body demographics are as follows: African American21.3%, Asian/Pacific Islander-1.6%, Hispanic 12.2%, Native American0.6%, and White/Caucasian-64.3%. There are 20 students in my first grade class. The class is made up of eleven males and nine females. There are no students identified as gifted/talented, and there are no students with IEPs. However, there are two students who have 504 plans for speech as well as one English language learner. This group of students is classified as Tier 2 students.

Curriculum Competencies: According to the Common Core State Standards, students were introduced to glossaries as text features in first grade. The learners have also had multiple experiences with glossaries as well as dictionaries in the current reference materials unit.

Technology Competencies: Students have been introduced to Microsoft Word as well as the internet.

Earlier in the year, students used this technology to create an informational text about a topic of their choice.

State & NETS*S objectives

Content Standard: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.2.4.E: Use glossaries and beginning dictionaries, both print and digital, to determine or clarify the meaning of words and phrases ISTE Standard: Standard 3: Research and Information Fluency

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Behavioral Objective: Given access to a print and digital dictionary, learners will research and accurately document six key terms, chosen from their own previously written research paper, creating a rough draft glossary page.

Language Objective: During this lesson, I will model and expect students to these academic vocabulary terms: dictionary, glossary, entry, definition, title, research, rough draft, revise, and document or record.

Select instructional methods, media, and materials

List educational resources that will you use. ( identify digital, non-digital, and web 2.0 resources ) Curriculum Materials:         

10 Webster’s Dictionaries 20 sheets of lined paper 20 pencils 21 highlighters (20 for students and one additional for teacher) Copy of each student’s research paper Informational Text example Glossary page example 20 checklists 20 paperclips

Technology Materials:    

1 desktop computer for teacher 1 projector 1 screen 10 IPads with free Merriam-Webster Dictionary App previously downloaded

Merriam-Webster, Inc. (September 23, 2014). Merriam-Webster Dictionary. [iTunes, Free]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/merriam-websterdictionary/id399452287?mt=8

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Utilize media and materials

To prepare for the lesson, I will first create a checklist for the students to reference while creating their glossary. A copy will be made for each student. I will need to choose or create a sample informational text, typed in the format of the student papers, as an example. I will preview the text and decide what words I will use for glossary entries. I will download the free Merriam-Webster dictionary apps on ten IPads and then plug the IPads into their chargers, allowing them to charge overnight. The projector will be tested to ensure it is connected to the teacher computer. I will gather each student’s paper and place them on my desk, ready to be handed out. Each student has both pencil and paper so this will not need to be provided. However, I will need to be sure that their pencils are sharpened in advance, to alleviate distractions during the lesson.

To prepare students for the activity, I will first briefly review key concepts about dictionaries and glossaries. These concepts were discussed in detail during the previous lesson. Next, students will be informed that they will be using either an app on an IPAD or print dictionary to create a glossary to complement their research papers. For today’s activity, students will be researching and documenting the words. Tomorrow, they will use Microsoft Word to create the glossary. I will then display the informational text example on the teacher computer.

As the teacher computer will be linked to the projector, students will be able to see the text. I will quickly read the text to the students. After the text is read, I will highlight the words that I want to use in my glossary. I will then pass out each student’s research paper and a student helper will pass out highlighters.

Students will highlight six words that they would like to incorporate into their glossaries. Then, students will be instructed to get out a piece of blank paper and a pencil, preparing to begin the activity. They will be instructed to title the page “Glossary.” I will then divide students into two groups of ten to conduct their research. Ten students will conduct their research using the IPads and ten students will use dictionaries. I will spend about 2 minutes with the group working on the IPads, giving each group a short tutorial on how to use the app.

Each group will be given about 7 minutes to research and document Require three words that their classmates may be unfamiliar with. To begin the activity learner participation on the IPad, they will click on the provided dictionary app. Then, students will type each word into the search box. When the word is located, students will record the word and its definition on their rough draft glossary page. They will then switch to the opposite resource to research the remaining three words.

Using the print dictionary, students will utilize what they have learned about guide words to research three of the words that be found in their paper. They will also record these words and definitions onto the notebook paper, creating a glossary as each word is located.

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Evaluate and revise

Formative Assessment (Process): As students are conducting research, I will be observing their processes.

They will be allowed to help each other if needed, so I will pay close attention to the feedback that students are giving to each other. I will also observe that students are staying on task and writing the appropriate information on their glossary list. Students will need to understand that they only need to write the definition that is appropriate for the context in which the word is used.

Glossaries typically do not include elements like part of speech, word origin, etc.

If I see that students are document more information than is necessary, I will ask the students to stop working. I will remind students of what elements are included in a glossary. Finally, I will ask students at the end of class to rate the technology used in the lesson on a scale of one to three. I will provide these prompts: 1. The IPad was easy to use.

2. The dictionary app on the IPad was easy to use.

3. I enjoyed using the IPad as a reference material.

Students will assign these prompts a 1, 2, or 3. Assigning a value of 1 means that students totally agree with the statement. Assigning a value of 2 means that the students kind of agree with the statement. Finally, assigning a value of 3 means they totally disagree with the statement. These prompts will be written on the white board. Students will write their responses on sticky notes and place them by each prompt before leaving the room for lunch.

Summative Assessment (Product): Students will be given a checklist to reference while completing the assigned activity. The checklist will contain two columns, one for the student and one for the teacher. As students complete elements of the activity, they will check-off the required elements in the student column. When the checklist is completed, they will know that the activity is completed. Using a paperclip, the students’ will combine their checklist, research paper, and glossary page.

Checklist attached. Each element listed is worth 1 point. These points will be incorporated into the overall point system for their research project.

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Name:______________

Glossary Activity Checklist

____ ____ Six words are highlighted in my research paper.

____ ____ I researched and documented three words using the print dictionary.

____ ____ I researched and documented three words using a digital dictionary.

____ ____ Each glossary entry only includes the key word and its definition.

____ ____ All of my glossary entries contain an appropriate definition.

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Unit Media Share

Amazing World Atlas This children’s atlas application is an exciting, interactive tool designed to actively engage a learner. With this app, students can explore continents, countries, and even cities. It is abounding with facts about culture, wildlife, and food. There are tons of educational games that can be played all while learning to use a reference tool. This app is unique because it not only includes engaging learning activities, but also utilizes assessment tools like quizzes and matching games.

Lonely Planet Publications Pty. Ltd. (November 12, 2014). Amazing World Atlas. [iTunes, $2.99]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/amazingworld-atlas-by-lonely/id916745147?mt=8 Britannica Kids: Volcanoes Britannica Kids apps are a fantastic resource to use when integrating multiple subject material into a lesson. This specific app, focusing on volcanoes, could be used in a variety of ways.

Students can practice using a reference material to conduct research while also learning critical science material. This app is full of information, activities and games. The picture quality is amazingly inviting and navigation of the app is fairly simple. Topics covered within this app include: The Erupting Earth, Lava and Magma, Types of Volcanoes, Birth of an Island, Plate Tectonics, Eruptions, and Decade Volcanoes (featuring 16 of the world’s deadliest volcanoes).

There are fun activities like jigsaw puzzles, word and picture scrambles, and interactive maps.

This app holds impressive potential to be not only entertaining and fun, but also extremely educational.

Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. (September 13, 2014). Britannica Kids: Volcanoes. [iTunes, $4.99]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/britannicakids-volcanoes/id388309543?mt=8 Donnayoung.org Donnayoung.org is a wonderful resource for educators to utilize when teaching about dictionaries. The webpage outlines a sample dictionary lesson and gives helpful tips and practice activities. As the concept of guide words is a difficult concept/skill for young children to master, the outlined lesson focuses on that skill specifically. In order to check for understanding and informally assess the depth of the students’ understanding, examples of possible questions to ask are also given. Finally, teachers are given suggestions of other skills to teach in correlation with dictionary skills.

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Donnayoung. (1025). "Guide Words and the Dictionary." [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://donnayoung.org/english/research/guide-words.htm.

Internet4Classrooms Internet4Classrooms is a wonderful resource that offers many activities for parents and children to learn about reference materials. This website includes the content standard to which the activities are linked while also providing links to other helpful resources. This webpage is linked to the page that encompasses this standard: “Understand the purpose of reference materials (e.g., table of contents, glossary, dictionary, thesaurus, atlas, encyclopedia). 0201.4.6.” Students are provided with a worksheet containing information on how to use a dictionary, graphic organizers to practice using an index, and links to digital picture dictionaries. The digital picture dictionary is a wonderful option to utilize for struggling readers and writers. This site also provides educators with a multitude of ideas for students to make books. Step-by-step instructions for making these books are provided as well. This provides a wonderful avenue for students to demonstrate their knowledge of a table of contents and a glossary.

Internet4Classrooms. (2015). Second Grade English Language Arts Standards and Activities. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://www.internet4classrooms.com/skills_2nd_lang_new.htm.

Introduction to Dictionary Skills Introduction to Dictionary skills is a perfect starter video for very young children. It may even be beneficial for pre-school age children. It is very appealing to children as it is narrated by an animated young boy. This video utilizes a children’s picture dictionary to illustrate how to find words, perfect for young children or struggling readers. It uses kid-friendly language for the most part, but uses academic language as well. This video focuses mainly on how to locate words and their definition, multiple meanings of words, and spelling words correctly. Therefore, parts of speech, synonyms, antonyms, and word origin are not included. While this video may not be ideal for higher grade levels, it would be a great introductory video for young learners.

Oxford Education. (Producer). (2011). Introduction to Dictionary Skills. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fo2cSioY6wI Kids Picture Dictionary Kids Picture Dictionary is an application that allows young children to view pictures their corresponding labels/names. With over 650 words, this app is a wonderful tool for young learners to learn to use a reference tool. It also has a very unique feature: the ability to voice record words or sentences along with an audio pronunciation tool for each dictionary entry. This is a wonderful tool for young learners to practice pronouncing common words. This picture dictionary app is also ideal for English language learners as they can not only learn to spell English words, but also practice their pronunciation skills. eFlashApps. (March 2, 2013). Kids Picture Dictionary. [iTunes, $1.99]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/kids-picture-dictionaryeducational/id482972824?mt=8 19 | P a g e

Merriam-Webster Dictionary Merriam-Webster Dictionary is a very simple app with a simple purpose: to find words, their meanings, parts of speech, etc. This app does not have educational children’s games, but serves the purpose of a dictionary. It does, however, include convenient and useful features such as: voice search, an integrated thesaurus containing synonyms and antonyms, example sentences, quick definitions, audio pronunciations, word of the day, favorites, and a recent history section.

This app would be extremely useful in a classroom with limited desktop computers as it could be downloaded to electronic devices and used just as well as a typical dictionary.

Merriam-Webster, Inc. (September 23, 2014). Merriam-Webster Dictionary. [iTunes, Free]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/merriam-websterdictionary/id399452287?mt=8 MindsInBloom MindsInBloom is a wonderful website for teachers and parents. Throughout this website, you will find activities, worksheets, brain teasers, and freebies. Specifically, this website provides a fantastic list of activities for students to practice dictionary skills. Activities range from scavenger hunts to mystery word games to constructing a classroom dictionary. These ideas help teachers to think outside of the box and to move past the standard worksheet practice. However, it does also provide worksheets for students to practice with guide words, syllables, pronunciation, correct spelling, parts of speech, and finding definitions.

MindsInBloom. (2015). “8 Fun Dictionary Activities.” [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015, from http://www.minds-in-bloom.com/2010/01/8-fun-dictionary-activities.html.

My First English Word Dictionary My First English Word Dictionary is a wonderful tool to help children to expand their vocabulary. It not only provides definitions, but it also provides sample sentences using the words as well as pictures. This app also includes games and activities, a favorites section for children to save their favorite words, and includes over 1200 words. This app also includes activities for children to practice spelling skills and to help improve memory.

Dev IT Solutions Pvt. Ltd. (December 4, 2013). My First English Word Dictionary. [iTunes, $9.99]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/my-firstenglish-word-dictionary/id641899351?mt=8 Reference Materials The video “Reference Materials” is actually a song that is sung in collaboration with a PowerPoint slideshow. The producer is a camp counselor who was looking for an interesting way to introduce a lesson on reference materials. The song includes versus on dictionaries, encyclopedias, thesauruses, etc. For example, “If I don’t know what a word means, how to spell it, the part of speech, I use dictionaries. Oh I use dictionaries.” It is sung to the tune of a popular song by Selena Gomez who is a well-known actress in children’s television as well as a singer.

The song is informational and very catchy. The Power Point slideshow exhibits pictures of the reference materials, pages from them, and people using them. This would be a wonderful song to

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teach kids for a unit on reference materials. It would also be perfect to use to benefit auditory and kinesthetic learners. kimmieey’s channel. (Producer). (2011). Reference Materials. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f0HsX-MzWQ&index=2&list=PLrMJNV6hYcu8RmS2WqxeJCKuCIY4BNcot Reference Materials Part 1: Dictionary, Encyclopedia, Thesaurus Reference materials Part 1 is an informative video set to the background of uplifting, fun music.

The narrator begins by outlining many different types of reference materials, but highlighting the ones are discussed in this video. She provides a sample dictionary entry, and points out all of the components of the entry including the guide words at the top of the page. She uses academic language such as: alphabetical order, headings, subheadings, articles, diagrams, captions, and labels. She also uses a sample encyclopedia pages about sharks to point out headings, subheadings, and charts. She ends the video by “reviewing what we learned” and invites the viewer to tune in to the next lesson on the atlas and the almanac. These videos would be a great option to utilize with an entire unit on reference materials.

SparkleyBarkley. (Producer). (2013). Reference Materials Part 1: Dictionary, Encyclopedia, Thesaurus. [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48IKfyP-Nug Spies, School, and Reference Tools Spies, Schools, and Reference Tools is the perfect video for engaging students. It would be a very appropriate video to show at the beginning of a dictionary lesson. The video is about two children from outer space who have to attend middle school when they come to Earth. All around them, children are using unfamiliar words. A nice classmate shows them how to use a dictionary to figure out the definition of the words. This immediately provides an authentic reason that dictionaries are important. The video actually shows the character using the dictionary and guide words to find the word “ridiculous.” This video would be beneficial for young children as kid-friendly language is used throughout the entire video. The video is only slightly over four minutes so children should not lose focus as might be the case with a lengthy video. dcmpnad. (Publisher). (2011). Spies, School, and Reference Tools. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3D3FHPCvMkA TurtleDiary TurtleDiary provides students with interactive opportunities to learn about dictionaries and games to practice their skills. Students will learn about the structure of a dictionary and how to use the dictionary to discover the meaning of words, proper spelling, pronunciation, etc. They will being with an introduction, move into alphabetizing short words, follow with choosing the correct page for a word, and finally end with finding the correct word for a dictionary page. This game also provides an audio option for students to listen to the pronunciation of the words. The games also have a final assessment activity at the end of the lesson. This is important because it 21 | P a g e

not only provides the student and the teacher with data, but also helps to determine if the student can move on to the next lesson or should continue to practice the skill.

TurtleDiary. (2015). How to use Dictionary. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://www.turtlediary.com/grade-2-games/ela-games/how-to-use-dictionary.html.

Vocabulary- Learn How to Use a Dictionary This video is an eight minute lesson about using the dictionary. The main character is a turtle, appropriate to engage young children, who gives a very detailed lesson on the ins and outs of using a dictionary. The video begins by giving the definition of a dictionary. It then details the uses of dictionaries. It includes the meaning of words, to check the spelling of words, pronunciation, etc. Actual dictionary entries are used to label these components. The video then details the importance of alphabetical order and using guide words. It provides many convenient places to pause so an educator can practice the skills being learned. It also provides many examples of words and details how to put them into alphabetical order. This would be a wonderful assistive tool. Although it might be overwhelming to show the entire video at once because it is very detailed, teachers could use this video section by section to teach a lesson over the period of a few days.

Turtlediary. (Producer). (2104). Vocabulary-Learn How to Use a Dictionary. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kYTdJcA4_vk WatchKnowLearn WatchKnowLearn.org is a website compiled of many helpful resources about reference materials. The linked page provides a list of videos relating to this topic. There are videos about using a dictionary, using an encyclopedia, and even a children’s “rap” video about the importance of dictionaries. This website is unique because it includes a variety of information on multiple types of reference materials. The information comes in many forms to reach a variety of learners. The rap video would be a wonderful way to engage kinesthetic learners. The other videos are perfect for reaching auditory and visual learners. Also included are the suggestion age groups for the material. This is a nice bonus because that information can be used to scaffold student learning.

WatchKnowLearn. (2015). “Using Reference Skills (Atlas, Dictionary, Encyclopedia, Thesaurus).” [Website]. RetrievedMarch 1, 2015, from http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Category.aspx?CategoryID=1075&page=2.

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Lea Bermudez Unit Rationale – Counting Money In this second grade unit we will be learning to work with money, specifically word problems involving dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies. Though second grade students may have been exposed to the basics of working with money, such as being able to recognize and identify coins and values, most have not yet learned how to use money. In this unit, students will learn to read and understand word problems involving money, as well as how to solve these word problems. To do this, students will work with a partner to review coin values as well as key words that give clues on how to solve their word problems (ex: total, altogether, difference, change, etc.) They will also use play money to assist in visualizing the problems, and base ten blocks to help in calculating totals and making change. Additional practice will be provided via the IXL interactive site. Finally, students will demonstrate their understanding of the concepts by creating their own word problems with the help of their partner. Working with money is a real life skill that all students will need to learn. Many children start using money on their own upon entering the elementary school setting (lunch/snack money, student store, field trips, etc.) therefore making it essential to teach the concept of not only knowing the value of currency, but also how to count money as well as making change. Knowing how to count and make change is a valuable skill that everyone will encounter in their everyday lives.

Learning to work with money is a learning expectation covered under Tennessee State Mathematics Standard for Grade 2.

Solve word problems involving dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies, using $ and ¢ symbols appropriately.

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Present.Me Tutorial: http://present.me/view/280304-tell-em-in-10-revised Opening Commercial: 2_CountingMoney.mp3 Glogster: http://williamsmom2.edu.glogster.com/solving-word-problems-involving-money/

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ASSURE Lesson Plan Counting Money

Name:

Lea Bermudez

Duration of Lesson: 1.5 Hours

Subject Area: Math Grade Level: 2nd Grade

Analyze Learners General Characteristics The second grade class being taught this lesson at Park Avenue Enhanced Option Elementary School consists of seventeen students. There are 7 girls and 10 boys. 16 students are AfricanAmerican and one student is Caucasian. Three of the students have identified IEPs and modifications in place. All students are native English speakers, though two of the students are mostly non-verbal and have identified goals in their IEPs regarding speech. Although bestplaces.net reports the family median income for Nashville (zip code 37209) as $52,133, Park Avenue EOES’s school data gathered from their website shows that income levels appear to be lower, as 97% of their students qualify for free and reduced lunch.

Curriculum Competencies According to pre-assessment results, students are familiar with and can identify U.S. currency coin values, as well as the one, five, ten, and twenty dollar bills.

Technology Competencies All students, including the three with IEPs in place, have demonstrated the basic knowledge of computer components, such as monitor, mouse, keyboard, printer and CPU. They have also demonstrated competency using a mouse and keyboard as well as the computer skills necessary to utilize the IXL website.

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State and ISTE Standards and Objectives: State Standard: Tennessee State Standard for 2nd Grade Math Measurement and Data > Working with Time and Money: Solve word problems involving dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies, using $ and â‚ľ appropriately.

ISTE Standard: Standard 5 Technology Operations and Concepts

Behavioral Objective:

Given the use of YouTube and IXL, the student will determine monetary values of individual coins as well as combinations of coins in order to solve word problems involving money.

Language Objective:

Key Vocabulary: Solve, calculate, determine, value, quarter, dime, nickel, penny, dollar, currency, coin, denomination

Academic Language Functions: Students will learn the meaning of higher level words to facilitate understanding of the lesson when encountering unfamiliar words such as solve, calculate, determine, value and denomination.

Students will write new vocabulary words with a brief definition in their math journals. New vocabulary words will also be posted on the Word Wall as a reminder to students to practice using academic language.

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Select Methods, Media, and Materials: Curriculum Materials:  17 Math Journals (Student Centered)  17 Pencils with eraser (Student Centered)  17 Dry erase boards (Student Centered)  17 Dry erase markers (Student Centered) Technology Materials:  17 Laptops with internet connection (Student Centered)  17 Computer mice (Student Centered)  1 Computer with internet connection (Teacher Centered)  1 Mouse (Teacher Centered)  1 keyboard (Teacher Centered)  YouTube video “Add or subtract money (word problems $1 max) – 2nd grade,” CoolMathGames.com. (2014, June 11). Add or subtract money (word problems $1 max) 2nd Grade [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=alVWKOsJ5e8  1 ELMO Projector (Teacher Centered)  1 Screen or SmartBoard

Utilize Technology, Media and Materials: Preview and Prepare Materials          

Sharpen pencils, make sure that all students’ math journals are accounted for Make sure laptops for students are charged and working properly Test to make sure internet connection is working properly Check ELMO to make sure it is working correctly Add the YouTube video on to the favorites tab in Firefox Have YouTube video open on teacher’s computer and ready to play for students Bookmark the IXL website on each student computer Make sure students have their IXL log in and password information Make sure students IXL accounts are showing the appropriate lesson for them to start Make sure students have their dry erase boards and markers out 27 | P a g e

Prepare the Environment  Students will stay at their desks to view the video as well as do individual work on their laptops.

Prepare the Learners and Provide the Learning Experience  Teacher will introduce the lesson by reviewing coin identification with students, explaining the symbols and pictures on each coin, as well as size, color and texture of each coin.  Teacher will play YouTube video on counting money for the students, and as students watch the video, the teacher will pause the video when questions come up on the screen.

Students will write each of the 5 questions in their math journal and solve it, writing the answer on their dry erase board as well as in their math journal. The answer on the dry erase board will be held up by the student when prompted by the teacher and used as a formative assessment.  Students will then be asked to log on to their IXL account and make sure they are on the correct lesson.  Students will complete 20 problems at their own pace using their dry erase board and marker to work out problems as necessary.  Students will write unfamiliar and/or new vocabulary words encountered during this lesson in their math journal with a brief definition.

Require Learner Participation: Students will set up their laptop and log in to their IXL account using their unique, assigned login and password. Once logged in, all students will begin their counting money practice activity P.4 for second grade, entering their answers using the keyboard on their laptop, as this activity is not multiple choice, but a fill-in response. This level affords the students practice in counting and totaling coin combinations up to $1.00. Students will be required to complete 20 questions on this activity.

If the student seems to be having trouble mastering the concept, they should signal the teacher once they have missed six questions, since a passing score allows only five questions to be missed. The student will be moved to practice activity P.3, which reduces the amount of coins used in the problem, and restricts the coins to pennies, nickels and dimes only. If a student appears to be finish quickly with all or almost all correct answers, the difficulty of the practice will need to be increased to the P.5 practice activity. Demonstrating proficiency of the concept of counting money will be crucial to student understanding of the Common Core objective of how

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to solve word problems involving money. The IXL practice activity will be repeated on an asneeded basis determined by students’ individual needs until they master this concept.

Evaluate and Revise: Students’ formative assessments will be done during the video on counting money. Students will hold up their dry erase boards with their answer as each question is completed during the video.

Summative assessments will be done using the IXL website activities on counting money. If a student appears to not be mastering concepts on counting money, a lower difficulty video will be presented for the student, followed by a repeat of this counting money video, then again assessing the student on IXL. Students will assist in the evaluation stage by notifying the teacher if they have answered more than six out of twenty questions incorrectly. Once the student notifies the teacher of the challenges of their current difficulty level, the teacher will do a quick review of the questions that the student missed and go over the answers with the student, offering additional strategies for counting money, such as skip counting by 5s for nickels, 10s for dimes, and 25s for quarters.

The teacher shall also request that the student explain how they arrived at their answer. In the case of a higher achieving student, the teacher can review the next level of difficulty and increase the level of difficulty on the practice activities until a more challenging set of concepts is discovered.

The teacher should review the results of the students’ IXL scores to determine if students met the 75% correct goals for this concept. If scores are not in the acceptable range, the teacher should evaluate missed questions for students to see if a common mistake is being made, and if so, should devise a lesson to address that deficiency in students’ understanding of the concept of counting money.

After students have been informally evaluated on their money-counting skills, the teacher will complete the following rubric based on the scores provided by IXL as well as student explanation of concepts:

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CATEGORY Mathematical Concepts

Completion

Accuracy

3 - Proficient Explanation shows complete understanding of the mathematical concepts used to solve the problem(s).

All problems are completed.

2 - Basic Explanation shows substantial understanding of the mathematical concepts used to solve the problem(s).

All but one or two of the problems are completed.

1 - Below Basic Explanation shows some understanding of the mathematical concepts needed to solve the problem(s).

Several of the problems are not completed.

All 20 answers are correct.

15-20 answers are correct.

14 answers or less are correct.

If it appears that most students are struggling with the concepts of counting and computing values for groups of coins, the lesson may have to be revised by perhaps beginning with a lower level practice first, such as the P.3 practice activity instead of the P.4 practice activity.

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Unit Media Share

2nd Grade Money Practice This website gives students practice with putting together different coins and banknotes to add or subtract, calculating totals or change. These are simple practice questions and consist of multiple choice and fill in questions. The illustrations of the money appear to be actual photographs of U.S. currency, which makes it appropriate for students to learn. If questions are missed, a statement pops up that simply says that the answer was incorrect, and should have been _____, but no explanations on why the answer was incorrect. [Free] MathABC.com. (2015). Math 2nd grade | Money. Retrieved March 3, 2015, from http://www.mathabc.com/math-2nd-grade/money Add or Subtract Money (Word problems, $1 max) 2 nd Grade This video was produced in conjunction with questions involving money word problems for 2 nd grade found on CoolMath.com. The video shows a narrated lesson on how to read and solve word problems involving U.S. coins. The questions are read, explained, then worked out on the video. The video reviews strategies on solving word problems, teaching students to look for key words and phrases so that they will know how to solve the problems.

CoolMathGames.com. (2014, June 11). Add or subtract money (word problems $1 max) - 2nd Grade [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=alVWKOsJ5e8 Amazing Coin (USD): Educational Money learning & counting games for kids (free) This game app teaches students facts about coins, such as the names and values of coins, how to spell the coin’s name, facts about the front and back of coins, as well as adding and subtracting money. These games have visually-appealing, brightly-colored graphics with an underwater theme.

Joy Preschool Game. (2014, Jun 06) Amazing Coin (USD): Educational Money learning counting games for kids. [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/amazing-coin-usd-educational/id495887877?mt=8

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Banana Math App (Drill Math Word Problems 1 st 2nd grade) Banana Math App is an app used as a way to practice math facts. There are three difficulty levels, and questions are randomly generated. It appears that practice for addition word problems are free, but there is a fee for other features such as subtraction word problems, time problems, geometry and algebra word problems.

Power Math Apps. (2013, Apr 08). Drill Math Word Problems – Banana Math. [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/drill-math-word-problemsbanana/id508237800?mt=8 Educational Games for Kids Softschools.com offers interactive math games for students to sharpen their math skills, there is a very diverse menu of skill games for students to choose from. There is no cost to play these games, nor does the site require a paid membership to access the games, which is a plus. Some games are interactive video games with audio features as well as colorful graphics while others require the player to read a question/problem and fill in an answer. This site also offers worksheets, as well as worksheet generators. I tried the generator for word problems and was quite impressed. So there are free resources for educators and parents to use in addition to games for students. The site also offers practice for algebra, language arts, science, social studies, literature, languages and has quizzes available as well. [Free] Softschools.com. (2015). Math Word Problems. Retrieved from http://www.softschools.com/math/word_problems/ iTooch 2nd Grade Math iTooch is a completely free app (supported by ads) designed to help make learning fun for children. The iTooch 2nd Grade Math app is created by teachers, parents, game designers, and educational professionals based on the U.S. Common Core State Standards, and provides interactive practice for children. eduPad. (2015, Feb 25). iTooch 2nd Grade Math. [Google play, Free] Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.edupad.app.grade2.math&hl=en

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IXL.com IXL provides practice for Common Core State Standards in math and language arts. Categories are divided by grade level, then subject, then specific skills as outlined by each state’s CCSS. The practice lessons are not formatted as a video game with graphics, scorekeeping, and audio elements. They are simply interactive practice on a computer. Color illustrations compliment the lessons and questions, and are purposeful. A benefit of this website is that when a question is answered incorrectly, an explanation with illustrations is provided explaining why the answer was incorrect and also provides the correct answer with explanation. [Free] IXL Learning. (2015). IXL Math | Online math practice. Retrieved from http://www.ixl.com/math/ Kids Pocket Money Pocket Money is an app for parents to use to keep up with their children’s chores and allowance.

Parents can create a task list for their children, assign tasks and then use the app to keep track of earnings. The app is capable of tracking the earnings of multiple children. Parents can also use this app and discuss goals and accomplishments with their children at the end of the day, and create math practice with their children, asking them to take their starting amount, and adding values for each task completed in order to get a total. There is a nominal fee of $0.99 for this app.

Ammusionist. (2014, Apr 21) Kids Pocket Money. [Google Play Store, $0.99] Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ammusionist.PocketMoney&hl=en Mad Money Game The Mad Money Game is found on the PBSKids.org website. This game is based on the concept of earning money and saving up to buy a desired item. Players are assigned a list of items to buy, such as shoes, DVDs, concert tickets, sporting goods, etc. The player then wanders through the virtual city and visits the stores to find the items on their list. There are opportunities to earn money as well as opportunities to make special purchases. Occasionally, an unexpected expense will pop up, such as being asked to make a monetary donation to a charity. While unexpected expenses are reflective of real life, this particular game does not give the player the option of accepting or rejecting the spending opportunity, it simply tells the player that money is being deducted from their account. Overall, this was an enjoyable game, and I think it is also effective and age appropriate in regards to teaching 2 nd grade students about money. [Free] CastleWorks, Inc. (2005). It's My Life . Games . Mad Money | PBS Kids GO! Retrieved from http://pbskids.org/itsmylife/games/mad_money_flash.html

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Making Change with Money Making Change with Money is a simple, two-minute long video that begins by reviewing the values of coin and banknotes. Real U.S. currency is filmed individually, and in multiple quantities, showing different ways to make $1.00, $5.00, etc. A question is asked, then the viewer is asked to pause the video to come up with ways to make $0.75 without using quarters.

When the video continues, the narrator shows three different possible solutions. This video will complement a lesson on solving word problems involving money by providing a review of coin values and combinations.

Ndodoer3. (201, November 1). Making Change With Money [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hYGfhxyVbA Math Rocks! Look for Clues “Look for Clues” is the name of a song by TwoPlusOneMathRocks that gives the viewer tips on how to solve math word problems, the main theme being, of course, to look for clues. Putting lessons to music will sometimes help students to be able to better make connections to the subject being taught. This video includes the lyrics as they are being sung, so students are reading the tips as well as hearing the words put to music.

TwoPlusOneMathRocks. (2010, October 16). Math Rocks! Look for Clues [Video file].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d2Vq6wwJTDc Money Games for Kids Money Games for Kids can be found on the Kids Math Games website. These are interactive learning games intended to be manipulated directly by students to enhance learning. This particular website has seven games that students can play to learn more about money: Shopping game, Lemonade Stand, Bus Money, Money Counting, Farm Game, Coffee Shop, and Coin Weighing games. The games are simple in concept, but some of them might not be effective for 2nd grade students. The Money Counting game has a timer, and might not provide sufficient time for students. I finished the first level with only 8 seconds to spare. Some of the other games, such as the Bus Money game, give unclear directions, and one feature of this game that I did not like was that if you do not correctly determine if a passenger has enough money to ride the bus, the passenger comments “That stupid driver couldn’t notice the money wasn’t enough.” While it does give practice for solving money problems, I am not completely convinced that this site is appropriate for 2nd grade students. [Free] Kids Math Games Online. (2015). Kids Money Games Online - Learn about Money with Free Interactive Activities. Retrieved March 3, 2015, from http://www.kidsmathgamesonline.com/money.html

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Money Word Problems Instructional Video This eSpark Learning video focuses on the specific Common Core standard for 2 nd grade Measurement & Data, MD 8: “Solve word problems involving dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies using $ and ¢ appropriately.” The narrator on the video provides an example of a purchase that she made, and names the number and denominations of the coins that she used to make her purchase. A word problem is created, and the narrator walks the viewer through solving the word problem. This is a good resource for creating a lesson based on an actual standard.

ESparkLearningVideos. (2013, July 25). eSpark Learning: Money Word Problems Instructional Video (2.MD Quest 4) [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NEmVJnpGzOc Splash Math Splash Math makes math fun for kids with brightly-colored graphics depicting various underwater scenes and animals to help deliver lessons and activities. Practice is in the form of interactive games that are appealing and help to engage the learner. Topics include counting, addition, time, subtraction, geometry, measurement, money, and data & graphs.

StudyPad, Inc. (2015, February 24). Splash Math. [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/2nd-grade-splash-math-worksheets/id463471155?mt=8 U.S. Coins Lesson: Counting Mixed Coins This video is a great supplement to a unit on working with solving word problems involving money. In contrast to the video listed in #2 that involves making change, this video teaches a three-step method to counting coins when there is more than one type of coin. The images are a little blurry, but otherwise, a good video aid to help teach units involving adding money.

Grancie48. (2010, May 7). U.S. Coins Lesson: Counting Mixed Coins [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UU89SxQoFRA&feature=youtu.be

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Jessie Brown Unit Rationale: Black History In this unit we will be learning about black history and the importance of celebrating black history month. Second grade students need to learn about black history and black history month because it is an important part of America’s past. These students need to know and understand what so many African Americans had to go through in order to gain black freedom. The experience they will encounter as they grow older is they may face racism from other people.

Once the students learn about black history they will be able to form their own opinions of the matter and use those opinions to stand up for what they believe in, which I hope is equality.

Knowledge of black history and black history month is important to our society because it is a part of many people’s lives. In order for students to understand many aspects of American history they need to understand the struggle and heartache of the black culture at this time. They need to understand the fight and desperation many African Americans had during this time period and how they have overcame it to have the rights they do today.

Studying and understanding Black History is a learning expectation covered under the Tennessee State Standards for Social Studies 2.0.

GLE 2.39 Summarize the importance of commemorative months including Black History, Women’s History, Hispanic Heritage3, and American Indian Heritage.

Present.Me Tutorial: http://present.me/view/281495-revised-black-history-power-poin Opening Commercial: 2_BlackHistory.wav Glogster: http://jbrown1110.edu.glogster.com/jessie-brown-black-history-glog/

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ASSURE Lesson Plan Name: Jessie Brown

Subject Area: History

Duration of Lesson: (5 days)

Grade Level: 2 nd

A – Analyze Your Learners I will be teaching a total of twenty students from Guild Elementary School. There are ten males and ten females. These students are in the second grade and are around the ages of seven and eight years old. All students speak proficient English. Diversity consists of 3 Hispanic children, 5 black children, and 12 white children. The average household income is 45,230. I have three students who are regularly pulled out of the classroom and may need some extra help with the lesson. There are three students in the classroom with an IEP. There are students who come from different backgrounds in this classroom. Students with an IEP are Charlie, Devin, and Lamar.

This lesson will focus mainly on black history figures like Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, Jackie Robinson, and Harriet Tubman. Students will be able to interact with the teacher by asking questions or making comments.

Curriculum Competencies According to class discussion and pre assessment worksheets students do have some knowledge about black history figures from the first grade.

Technology Competencies Students have been introduced to basic computer skills and Internet usage. Students are able to use Microsoft Power Point and Word software. They have learned how to use these in their computer class they take as a special course.

State and ISTE Standards and Objectives: State Standard: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI2.39 ISTE Standard #6: Summarize the importance of commemorative Technology Operations and Concepts months including Black History, Women’s History, Hispanic Heritage3, and American Indian Heritage.

Objective: Given the use of computers with PowerPoint software, the student will create a PowerPoint followed by the curriculum aims of the lesson.

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Select Methods, Media, and Materials: Curriculum Materials: -

20 Pencils 20 sheets of Paper 20 Checklist Worksheets for creating PowerPoint 4 books over their inspirational black figure

Technology Materials: -

4 computers with PowerPoint software (student centered) 1 projector (teacher and student centered) 1 screen (student centered)

Utilize Media and Materials: Preview and Prepare Materials -

-

-

Pencils and paper will be provided for students to take notes while the teacher is going over each individual black historic figure. The students will not know which historical figure they will have until the end of the lesson so they will need to take notes on every black historical figure we learn about.

There will be a PowerPoint Checklist for each student to have. It will consist of how many slides there need to be and what information those slides should consist of. I will pass one out to each student after the lesson.

There are four computers for the students to use. Each group will be assigned one computer each.

I will have to make sure that the projector and screen are working correctly for the students PowerPoint Presentation.

I will also have to make sure that every computer is on and working correctly. I will also have the PowerPoint software pulled up so the students can get straight to work.

Prepare the Environment -

-

The students will go over to the computer station in their groups and work on a PowerPoint together.

I will need to rearrange a few seats in order for all students to fit at our computer station. Every group will have plenty of room after I rearrange seating to work collectively with their group.

Projector, as well as an extra computer, is located in the center of the classroom directly across from the screen. No rearrangements needed.

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Prepare the Learners -

-

-

The lesson will start by the teacher conducting a discussion about student’s previous knowledge about black history figures. We will discuss Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, Jackie Robinson, and Harriet Tubman.

I will explain the importance of these black history figures and how they relate to our lives today.

I will show a PowerPoint about each black history figure we are highlighting. I will also bring up President Obama so the children can get an idea of how far we have come as a society.

I will go over how to create a PowerPoint using the PowerPoint software. I will go through this thoroughly incase some students have forgotten.

Curricular: As the teacher I will be presenting my lesson to the students. While I am doing so I expect the students to be taking notes in efficiently. They should be following along with me and be able to stay in our group discussion as well. The notes they will need to be taking will be on my PowerPoint so they can see them and I will also speak what I want them to write. During this time I will be asking questions and expecting to see student’s hands in the air ready to answer. The students will receive their PowerPoint Checklist worksheet once we finish our lesson and then I will group them together and give them their computer station. The groups will then get together and check the notes that they wrote during the lesson to make sure all of their facts match up. I will ask the students if there are any questions at this point. This will all happen before the students start working on their PowerPoint. Once questions have been answered the students will start working on their PowerPoint with their groups. They will use their checklist to make sure they have what they need on each slide. They will only be doing five slides a piece.

Require Learner Participation Technology: The groups will go to their assigned computers. The computers will already be turned on and have the PowerPoint software pulled up for the students to use. Students will share materials, computers, ideas, and thoughts in a kind and considerate manner. Students will be encouraged to be creative and have fun while still making sure they follow the PowerPoint checklist. I will ensure that I keep students at a good behavior by going around the classroom and listening to student discussions. I will be making sure they are kind and courteous to their classmates. If a student if found not behaving properly I will immediately intervene.

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Evaluate and Revise Formative Assessment: As the students work in their groups the teacher will go around to each group to make sure they are on task and to help with any questions they may have. The students will also have their PowerPoint Checklist sheet to let them know what needs to be on each slide. The teacher will also be looking to see how each group gets along, are all students working together, every student is making contribution to the group, and make sure that every students behavior is well.

On Day Five the students will have a quick review about how to create a PowerPoint they will then create and present their PowerPoint on Day Five. Equal contribution from each group member is a necessity.

Summative Assessment: Students will be graded on their participation in group assignment, their PowerPoint consists of all things on the PowerPoint Checklist sheet, there has to be ONLY five slides, correct grammar, and their presentation must be professional.

After their presentation each student will get back a graded rubric. They will then write on the back about what they could have done differently or what they would have changed if they could be given a second chance. The students who need modifications will be paired with average and gifted students. There will not be more than one student with an IEP in each group. Students with and IEP will still be expected to contribute to their group as much as possible. They cannot just sit and let their group mates do the work for them. They must also help present the PowerPoint as well. After the each groups presentation I will give them their rubric and each student will respond on how they felt about using the technology. They will let me know if the liked using it or if they did not like using it. This way I can self reflect on my lesson and get feedback from my students.

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Black Historical Figure PowerPoint Teacher Name: Mrs. Brown

Student Name:

________________________________________

CATEGORY Accuracy of Facts

4 All supportive facts are reported accurately (3 of 3).

3 Almost all facts are reported accurately (2 of 3).

2 One fact is reported accurately.

1 No facts are reported accurately OR no facts were reported.

Accuracy of Slides

All slides are correct and have the correct content.

Almost all slides are correct and have mostly correct content.

Few slides are correct and does not contain much correct information.

No slides are correct OR no information is correct.

Point of View Purpose

Group establishes a purpose at the beginning and maintains that focus throughout!

The group functioned exceptionally well.

All members listened to, shared with and supported the efforts of others.

The group (all members) was almost always on task!

Group researched the subject and integrated 3 or more \"tidbits\" from their research into their PowerPoint.

The purpose is somewhat clear but many aspects of the group seem only slightly related.

The group functioned fairly well but was dominated by one or two members.

The group (all members) was almost always on task!

It was difficult to figure out the purpose of the group.

Group Work

Establishes a purpose at the beginning, but occasionally wanders from that focus.

The group functioned pretty well. Most members listened to, shared with and supported the efforts of others.

The group (all members) was almost always on task!

Group researched the subject and integrated 2 \"tidbits\" from their research into their PowerPoint.

Group researched the subject and integrated 1 \"tidbit\" from their research into their PowerPoint.

Research

Some members of the group were often off task AND/OR were overtly disrespectful to others in the group AND/OR were typically disregarded by other group members.

Either no research was done or it was not clear that the group used it in the PowerPoint.

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Unit Media Share

28 Unknown Facts: Black History 28 Unknown Facts: Black History is a great video that tells the stories of black people who are not as commonly recognized in textbooks like Martin Luther King Jr. or Rosa Parks. This video tells students about black people who succeeded as doctors, boxers, and lawyers. It gives insight on black people who were making progress in different fields other than those who fought for freedom. It shows the black people who were trying to make it in a world where white people previously dominated. This video is inspirational because it tells children all these wonderful occupations black people had and succeeded in.

S4T Works. (Producer) (March 15, 2010) 28 Unknown Facts: Black History. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RckRFdicze4 Black History Month #1 - What is Black History Month?

This is an amazing video on YouTube that explains why we have black history month. It is a simple way to explain the importance of black history, it explains black history clearly, it tells who started a black history month, and it is a short and informative video. The good thing about this video is that it has videos that follow it, so whatever lesson you are working on in class this video series may have a short informative video that could help your lesson. As I watched the video I even learned some things that I did not know. Overall this video is awesome!

Jaime McGarth (Producer) (January 27, 2013) Black History Month #1 – What is Black History Month?

[YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9IThSKYxIjU Black History Month Game Black History Month Game is a fun way for students to learn more inspirational facts about different black people. This app lets you read different passages to help students understand more about black people and why we celebrate black history month. The thing that makes this app special is you are able to play with family, friends, or even their classmates and allows the student to interact with others while on this app. With this app students will not only be playing with their friends but they will be learning with their friends.

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Black History Month Game (February 26, 2015). Black History Month Game [Android 2.3.3 and up] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kbf.app2837505 Black History People Black History People is a great app for young children, or anyone, to use to improve their knowledge on black history figures. It gives you fun facts about individuals, tells you about their life, tells you their achievements, and even gives fun activities for a teacher to do with her students or for a parent to do at home with their child. There are nearly one hundred profiles to pick and choose from. This app will help with a student who is learning about different black figures and gives parents fun ways to make sure their child is obtaining the knowledge given.

Black History People (May 19, 2011). Black People History [Android 2.1 and up, free] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.dreamstep.webWidget.wBlackHistoryPeople &hl=en Black History Quiz Black History Quiz is a factual black history trivia game for people of all ages. It will test your knowledge of black history and is simple and easy to use. What is really awesome about this app is that if you miss a question the app will stay on the same question until you get it correct. This app will help students learn fun facts all while playing a quiz on their phone. The quiz is in no way at risk to their school grades but will improve their grades if used properly.

Black History Quiz (October 22, 2013). Black History Quiz [Android 1.0 and up, free] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.quikthinking.blackhistoryquiz&hl=en Black Inventors MatchGame LITE Black Inventors MatchGame LITE is a great game that specifically targets children. The app has three different levels easy, medium, and hard so the child can choose whichever level makes them comfortable. The app, or game, provides children with detailed facts about different black people’s lives and will challenge the children’s memory to make sure they retain the knowledge they are learning.

Black Inventors MatchGame LITE (April 8, 2013). Black Inventors MatchGame LITE [Android 2.0 and up, free] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.blackInventors.MatchGame&hl=en Fact Monster The website is http://www.factmonster.com/black-history-month. This is a wonderful website for students of all ages to use. On the website you will be able to choose what grade level you teach or want to teach. You can choose from first grade to high school to advanced. The website will then give the learner or teacher timelines, current issues, holidays, awards, biographies, and 43 | P a g e

much more. The website even offers a quizzes and crossword app which would be a fun activity to do in class or to send home for the child to do with their parents. This website is great for all ages and whatever grade you select there will be age appropriate materials.

Fact Monster (2015) Black History Month [Website]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from http://www.factmonster.com/black-history-month.

Family Education The website is http://fun.familyeducation.com/black-history-month/holidays/32871.html. This website is an awesome site for children to learn about black history. The website has many different options to select like coloring pages, games, quizzes, informational passages, and downloading printables. This website also teaches students about the lesser known black history figures who made an impact on our country.

Family Education (2015) Black History Month Holidays [Website]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from http://fun.familyeducation.com/black-history-month/holidays/32871.html.

Harriett Tubman Biography (Black History Month for Kids/Children)

Harriett Tubman Biography (Black History Month for Kids/Children) is an amazing video for children.

This video makes the story of Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad relatable to young children. The video connects the white people to bullies and the black people to the ones being bullied. It helps compare Harriet Tubman to a friend who wanted to help her friends. It gives children an image to see in their mind because some children cannot believe what America has went through to get to the point we are at now. This video is perfect for young children who want to learn about Harriet Tubman.

Fresberg (Producer) (February 2, 2015) Harriett Tubman Biography (Black History Month for Kids/Children) [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VYWRoB6Ucrc I Know Trivia Black History Edition I Know Trivia Black History Edition is like the game Trivia Crack but for learning black history.

In this game you get to learn facts about different black people, who invented what, and what the most inspirational black people did. This app (or game) allows the player to enter a game center where they can play against other people (friends, family, or classmates) and win points. This way the student can be competitive and have fun trying to win a game and still learn while they are playing.

I Know Trivia Black History Edition (April 24, 2013). I Know Trivia Black History Edition [Requires iOS 6.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/i-know-trivia-black-history/id636341816?mt=8 Jackie Robinson Breaks Barriers 44 | P a g e

This video is a great informative video about Jackie Robinson and his difficult journey in becoming a baseball legend. It explains how difficult it was for Robinson to be a part of the baseball community that was previously all white, how he had to stay in different hotel rooms when the team traveled, and when he was attacked with racial violence he had to stay calm and turn the other cheek. This video also tells the wonderful story of how successful Robinson was in the Major Baseball League and how his role on the Dodgers helped other black people have successful careers in baseball.

The History Channel (Producer) (Unknown) Jackie Robinson Breaks Barriers [TheHistoryChannel Video] Retrieved from http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/black-history-month/videos/jackierobinson-breaks-barriers MLK – The King and His Dream MLK – The King and His Dream is a wonderful informative video for children. This is an animated video that helps describe Martin Luther King Jr.’s life, tells about his childhood, parents, and focuses on his I Had A Dream speech. It even gives an audio clip of King saying his speech. It helps the children hear the passion in his voice. This video is a great, and short, video for children to watch to better understand Martin Luther King Jr. and why he wanted peace and segregation so badly.

Ipsim580 (Producer) (June 13, 2009) MLK – The King and His Dream [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k6Au81aHuSg Nick Jr. The Nick Jr. website page has a specific page for learning black history. The website is http://www.nickjr.com/black-history. This website has many different options for learning about black history like videos, coloring pages, family books, DVD’s, activities, and something unique they have is Hero Cards. Hero Cards are basically flash cards with inspirational black people on them with facts about each hero. This is a great website for teacher to use while planning a lesson about black history for young children and it has videos to help children learn about black history. This website is great because it is informative, factual, and children based.

Nick Jr. (2015). Black History [Website]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from http://www.nickjr.com/black-history.

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PBS Kids The website is http://pbskids.org/aaworld. This website is a great way to get kids learning about black people who have made a difference in the world. On the website you can go to e-cards, kid talk, or a game called Find the Face. The website also has a Find Out More link that you can click and get access to educational videos about historical black figures in American history.

This website is a wonderful and simple tool for children to use to learn more about our past. This website also has two tabs one for parents and one for teachers to help come up with activities and a way to help children at home with the help of their parents.

PBS Kids (Unknown) AA World [Website]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from http://pbskids.org/aaworld.

Time for Kids The website is http://www.timeforkids.com/minisite/black-history-month. This website has fun printable quizzes, fun facts, and matches with common core standards. You are able to choose the grade level, what type of printable you want (worksheet or quiz), the type of skills you are working on, and there is even an option to make a printable in Spanish! Teachers will enjoy the simple layout of the site as well as the content of the website matching up with common core standards.

Time for Kids. (2015). Black History Minisite. [Website]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from http://www.timeforkids.com/minisite/black-history-month.

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Melanie Gillingham Unit Rationale – Multiplying and Dividing within 100 In this unit we will be learning about multiplying and dividing within 100. Third grade students may have a problem understanding the relationship between multiplication and division because of certain math concepts and wording in a problem. Students will learn the relationship between division and multiplication by using many types of learning activities that will show them the meaning of how these two are different and then how they come together. These activities will benefit all learners by providing learning that contends to each individuals learning styles. Third grade students need to understand the relationship between multiplication and division in order to move on to multiplying numbers with more than one digit. This will someday lead to adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing with fractions and decimals. Knowledge of multiplying and dividing will provide students a way to break down real world problems into reduced portions so they are able to achieve their goals. They will need this skill to perform well in all aspects of life whether it be their job, their home, or their family life.

Studying and understanding multiplying and dividing within 100 in math is a learning expectation covered under Common Core State Standards for Math 2.0.

Fluently multiply and divide within 100, using strategies such as the relationship between multiplication and division (e.g., knowing that 8 × 5 = 40, one knows 40 á 5 = 8) or properties of operations. By the end of Grade 3, know from memory all products of two one-digit number.

Present.Me tutorial: http://present.me/view/282855-3rd-grade-math Opening Commercial: 3_FactFamilies.mp3 Glogster: http://melglog.edu.glogster.com/multiplication-and-division-glog/ 47 | P a g e

ASSURE Lesson Plan Multiply and Divide Using a Fact Triangle Name: Melanie Gillingham Duration of Lesson: 30 minutes Analyze learners

State & NETS*S objectives

Subject Area(s): Mathematics Grade Level: 3rd

The third grade class at Guild Elementary School in Gallatin, Tennessee is comprised of 18 students; 10 females and 8 males. The students range in age from seven to eight years old. Student diversity consist of three African American, three Hispanic, one Asian, and 11 Caucasian students. Of the 18 students, one child has a behavioral IEP and works with the teacher and counselor to work on his behavior.

Another child is an English Language Learner, who meets with a counselor every day so she is able to keep up in her learning. The median household income of families in Gallatin is 46,102 according to the U.S. Census Bureau. In this lesson students already know how to use blocks as a counting method and how to use a fact triangle. The students are familiar with how to solve multiplication and division problems using several techniques. The students are familiar with using applications on iPads and iPods and following along with the ELMO. CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.3.OA.C.7 Fluently multiply and divide within 100, using strategies such as the relationship between multiplication and division (e.g., knowing that 8 × 5 = 40, one knows 40 ÷ 5 = 8) or properties of operations.

ISTE T*2 Digital Age Learning Experience and Assessment Behavioral Objective: Given the app Understanding Math- Times Tables: Learn to fluently multiply and divide within 100 , the learners practice multiplication and division techniques in order to demonstrate how to multiply and divide.

Language Objective: The students will be able to define the terms hundred board, commutative, whole numbers, quotients multiplication, and division.

They will learn this language through the explanation of the teacher going through each aspect of the app. The students will repeat the language back to the teacher then discuss this with their partner. The students will understand the phrases “In multiplication I can apply the properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide”, “I can interpret products of whole numbers”, “I can interpret wholenumber quotients of whole numbers”.. These phrases will be taught before each explanation of the app. Students will be able to answer questions using the new language and turn to their neighbor to discuss the language.

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Select instructional methods, media, and materials

Teacher Centered Materials   

Elmo 1 iPad Application app media UG. (December 13, 2014). Understanding MathTimes Tables: Learn to fluently multiply and divide within 100. [iTunes, 3.99] Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://itunes. apple.com/us/app/understanding-math-times-tables/id931897095?mt=8

Student Centered Materials   

Utilize media and materials

10 iPads 8 iPods Application on iPad and iPod app media UG. (December 13, 2014).

Understanding Math- Times Tables: Learn to fluently multiply and divide within 100. [iTunes, 3.99] Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://itunes. apple.com/us/app/understanding-math-timestables/id931897095?mt=8

Preview the Material/media Students will each have 1 iPad or iPod, make sure projector is operating properly, make sure screen is operating properly, make sure app is downloaded on every device.

Prepare the Materials/media The teacher will introduce the lesson to the students by going over how they have solved problems over the past week and then building on that knowledge using the app.

Prepare the Environment Students desks will be set in 2’s in order to have partners.

Prepare the Learners 1. Students will each be handed on iPad or iPod (both are available) 2. Students will listen to the teacher go over how to use the hundred board 3. Students will practice on the hundred board for 5 minutes 4. Students will listen to teacher go over how to use the multiplication practice 5. Students will practice on the multiplication practice for 5 minutes 6. Students will listen to the teacher go over how to use the division practice 49 | P a g e

7. Students will practice on the division practice for 5 minutes 8. Students will listen to the teacher on how to duel with their partner 9. Students will practice dueling with their partner for 10 minutes 10. Students will listen to the teacher go over how to do the quiz on the application Students will then go to the portion of the application that says “Training�. They Require will go through the problems on their own. The students will solve multiplication learner participation and division problems within 100. They will write the solution on the screen. After the end of the quiz they will check their progress on the account screen to be able to understand how well they did and what they need to work on. The students will give their score to the teacher who will have a 1 on 1 with them about what they need to practice more on.

Evaluate and revise

Formative Assessment (Process): The review lesson will show if students are ready to move on by demonstrating how well they answer the problems. For the lesson the students will be understanding the lesson if they are able to answer questions correctly during the explanation of each factor of the application. The teacher will observe how the students are able to work individually and with their partner on each aspect of the application. There may be extra feedback needed for lower students. The teacher will observe how well the students are able to duel with their neighbors and how fast they can answer each question. She will know that the students are understanding of they are able to work on their own without feedback.

Summative Assessment (Product): Students will work on the quiz part of the application on their own. The application will graph their progress and this will be sent to the teacher. The students will be able to look at their progress and improve their score if needed. This will help all students be able to achieve the goal of knowing how to use several techniques to multiplication and division.

At the end of this lesson the students will get out their math journals and right about their favorite part of the application.

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Math - Problem Solving : Multiplication and Division Teacher Name: Ms. Gillinghm Student Name:

________________________________________

4

3

2

1

Mathematical Errors

90-100% of the steps and solutions have no mathematical errors.

Almost all (85-89%) of the steps and solutions have no mathematical errors.

Most (75-84%) of the steps and solutions have no mathematical errors.

More than 75% of the steps and solutions have mathematical errors.

Working with Others

Student was an engaged partner, listening to suggestions of others and working cooperatively throughout lesson.

Student was an engaged partner but had trouble listening to others and/or working cooperatively.

Student cooperated Student did not work with others, but effectively with needed prompting to others. stay on-task.

Completion

All problems are completed.

All but one of the problems are completed.

All but two of the problems are completed.

Strategy/ Procedures

Typically, uses an Typically, uses an Sometimes uses an efficient and effective effective strategy to effective strategy to strategy to solve the solve the problem(s). solve problems, but problem(s). does not do it consistently.

CATEGORY

Several of the problems are not completed.

Rarely uses an effective strategy to solve problems.

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Unit Media Share

3rd Grade math Centers 3rd grade math centers is provided on a website called blairturner.com. It has several resources aligned with the Common Core Standards for teachers to be able to set up their math centers. There are sheets that explain each center and then activities that go along with it. For example there is a “Quadrilateral Bingo� that is a fun game for students to play while learning about quadrilaterals. Below it explains how to use each center. She even has a test prep center for students.

This helps teachers a lot when they are setting up their room as the year goes on, Teachers do not have to figure out or get confused on what should come next when setting up a center. All they have to do is print out the materials and set it up.

Turner, Blair. (Producer). (2015). Blairturner.com [Website]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from http://www.blairturner.com/2015/01/3rd-grade-math-centers-3-oa-4-3-oa-5.html

Best 3rd Grade Math Lessons for Practice Best 3rd Grade Math Lessons for Practice is a wonderful video for teachers to understand all the different factors in teaching a math lesson. The video starts off by the teacher being sure that the students understand the relationship between addition and subtraction to multiplication.

The technique the video suggests is flash cards so that the students can practice memorizing their multiplication tables. They then suggest a game by dividing the class in two and using the flashcards to keep score. Another way to teach is allowing the students to have real objects such as a pizza so that they can see how the math can be used in their everyday life.

The video goes through each step from the beginning to the end. It includes key sentences to use and showing how this technique can benefit the students. The video is only 2 min long, but it is only a base for every lesson taught in math for the 3rd grade.

Homeschool Kids. (Producer). (August 23, 2013). Best 3rd Grade Math Lessons for Practice. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i3UYww1WWa8 Five Hands-On Ways to Teach Multiplication Five Hands-On Ways to Teach Multiplication is a great resource for teachers to learn how to do with their students. The author goes through several steps with pictures that involve

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the hands-on activities. There is a group beads that can help students solve multiplication facts.

Also there is hula hoops for students to play game with equal numbers.

This website has 5 ways to incorporate teaching math into a lesson. Teachers can bring these resources to school to help the students with hands- on activities. Hands-on activities are great for students that have IEP’s because they can see and touch what they are learning.

Sears, Jamie. (2014). notsowimpyteacher.com [Website]. Retrieved March 3, 2014 from http://www.notsowimpyteacher.com/2014/09/five-hand-on-ways-to-teach.html Math-Multiply and Divide Resources (Pinterest) Pinterest is a great resource to use to find many activities for students. There are worksheets, complete lessons, coloring sheets, notecards, games, charts, etc. The title of the page is Math-Multiply and Divide. Each pin goes into a website that shows all the information pertaining to it.

This is a fabulous resource for teachers to use because they can almost anything they need for their lesson on multiplication and division. Some websites even allow the user to print the materials straight from their site.

Always Learning. (Board Producer). Pinterest [Website]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://www.pinterest.com/alwayslearning/math-multiply-and-divide/

Math Planet Math Planet is an award winning app that allows students to have fun while doing math.

There are games that provide over 80 Common Core State Standards. The app “builds high-need skills with conceptual learning and fluency”. It will monitor the student’s progress. There are over 13 topics covered including addition, subtraction, division, fractions, decimals, mixed numbers, measurement, and geometry.

This app allows for students to use it from 1 st to 8th grade. It is a great app for schools to be able to have their students using. That way they can be used to the way the app works. It was designed by learning scientists at Carnegie Mellon University. They have held trials in classrooms in order to continuously improve the app. It will be a very valuable resource for teachers.

Playpower Labs. January, 7, 2015). Math Planet. [iTunes. Free] Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/math-planet-fun-math-game/id828398560?mt=8 Math Quiz Math Quiz: Arithmetic Practice for Kindergarten, First, Second, and Third Grade Kids is a great app for students to use as they grow in each grade. There are different levels for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The addition and multiplication goes up to 1000 and the subtraction and division goes to 100. It keeps track of their progress and allows them to grow with their learning.

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This app is a very safe app for students to use in the classroom and at home. Students do not need direct internet access to use the app. This allows for students information to be protected and for them to be able to use the app ad free. There is no need for the sound to be on so students are able to practice without distracting other students. This app is available in iTunes for laptops and desktops.

Maelstrom Interactive. (February 9, 2015). Grade Kids. [iTunes. 1.99] Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/math-quiz-arithmetic-practice/id938038748?mt=8 Mathlingz Multiplication and Division 2 Mathlingz Multiplication and Division 2 is a great app for students ages 8-11. There are 11 math activities that are fun and entertaining. These activities help to train the memory and develop logical thinking. The math problems are ones that are used in everyday life.

This app focuses on multiplication and division. The objectives of the app are for student to be able to multiply and divide up to 100. As the students skills increase they will be able to move up to 1000 to 1000000. This app is available on iTunes for laptops and desktops. Students will be able to be entertained while learning math in and out of the classroom.

Yellow Dot Sp. Z o. o. Sp. K. (November 14, 2014). Mathlingz Multiplication and Division 2. [iTunes. 1.99] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/mathlingz-multiplication-division/id917644238?mt=8 Multiply and Divide within 100 Multiply and Divide with 100 is a great teaching tool for teachers. There are 5 different videos that teachers can use as they teach the Common Core State Standard to multiply and divide within 100. It walks the students and teacher through each step. Also, there are resources at the bottom to help teachers. One is the parent letter to help use the websites resources. Another is the discussion protocol that allows teachers to see how the lesson can be adapted to the. Lastly there is a notes template for students to use while watching the videos.

Many students have a hard time understanding math because of many different techniques, which causes confusion. These videos allow for students to be able to focus in on the topics using related techniques. It allows students to be able to re-watch if needed if they need to go back over a topic. This can be great for students that have fallen behind do to being absent or from confusion. Math can be taught too fast for many students and this allows them to be able to stay caught up with the class.

Lucas-Adam, Daniells. (Creater). (2015). Multiply and divide within 100. [LearnZillion Video]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://learnzillion.com/lessons/3372-multiply-usingdoubles-pattern

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Multiplication and Division by 3rd grade student Multiplication and Division by 3rd grade student is a video that can relate to the students because it is taught by an actual 3rd grader. The student goes through the lesson teaching each step of multiplication and division. She uses their academic language. The 3 rd grader uses the group technique in order to show how the equation can be solved by dividing them into groups.

I think the video is a great way for students to aspire to be able to do. A teacher could even have the students make a video like this one teaching the lesson. This will help them have fun and completely understand what they are doing.

Snapdragon11111. (Producer). (September 13, 2014). Multiplication and Division by 3rd grade student. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com /watch?v = ZSH8EdQB5qg Multiplication and Division Lessons for Common Core The Khan Academy provides a great website for multiplication and division in the 3rd grade. It goes over the Common Core Standards 3.OA.A.1 and 3.OA.A.2. Teachers can use this as a resource for every lesson they teach. There are videos and practice tests that walk a student through learning multiplication and division.

It goes from understanding multiplication and division to applying the techniques in real world situations. There are multiplication and division sentences described in the videos so that the students can have a understanding of how questions will be on future tests. Then they can practice with other sentences after the lesson.

Khan Academy. (2015). Multiplication and division. Retrieved March 3, 2015, from https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-third-grade-math/cc-3rd-mult-div-topic Printable Math Games Printable Math Games is a website that has a list of games to play with students in order for them have fun while learning. There are around 9 that pertain to 3rd grade math, One is called “2and 3 Digit Multiplication” and this where the students an practice multiplying big numbers.

Another game is “Division Facts” and this involves using a worksheet to play and then increasing the student’s skill to 2 and 3 digit numbers.

Printable Math Games is a wonderful resource for teachers. They can use these techniques in most of their 3rd grade lessons. The games become more challenging as the students learn. Students will be able to do fractions by the last game.

Learn-Math-Games.com. (2013). Printable Math Games. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from http://www.learn-with-math-games.com/printable-math-games.html

Reasoning About Multiplication and Division Reasoning About Multiplication and Division is a great video that allows for teachers to see different strategies being taught to an actual 3rd grade classroom. There are the objectives in the video. One is the Common Core Standard “Apply properties of operations as strategies to 55 | P a g e

multiply and divide”. The second objective is to understand the relationship between multiplication and division. The third is for the students to understand the structure of how the numbers are used.

The students in the video are clearly understanding the lesson. The teacher gives his students plenty of time to think through their ideas and then allows them to review their thoughts. The teacher talks about how the Common Core Standards are providing a great way to teach his students. He believes that the students will be able to use these math techniques throughout their future.

Teaching Channel. (Producer). (2015). Reasoning About Multiplication and Division.

[TeachingChannel Video]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://www.teachingchannel.org/videos/multiplication-division-in-the-core Splash Math- 3rd Grade Splash Math-3rd Grade is a wonderful way for 3rd grade students to practice their math skills that are aligned to the Common Core Standards. There are many features that are included with the app. First there are practice programs that will thoroughly explain answers when they are incorrect. Students can use the scratchpad to practice their work. Also, the app will keep track of their progress.

This app covers almost every topic in math for the third grade. There is place value, division, fractions, money, etc. It allows for students to practice inside and outside the classroom.

They are able to use this app all throughout the year because of so many topics covered. Once all these skills have been mastered a student should be ready for 4 th grade math. This app is compatible with iPhone, iPad, laptops, and desktops allowing for students to be able to have many ways to be able to access the material.

StudyPad, Inc. (October 21, 2014). Splash Math. [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on March 2, 2013 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/splash-math-3rd-gradeworksheets/id449564960?mt=8 Third Grade Division Lesson 1 Third Grade Division Lesson 1 is that goes through several problems using a certain technique. They show the relationship with adding into division. For example, they use the problem 8/4. The narrator says, “How many fours go into eight” then “How many groups of four can go into eight”. This gives students different number sentences to understand. As the video goes on the numbers get larger. Also, the narrator gives other techniques such as using your fingers.

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This is a great source for students and teachers to use in the classroom. The teacher can use the video and incorporate the techniques into their own lesson. The students can use the video to review what they have learned and to study for tests.

Pgfracing. (Producer). (February 23, 2013). Third Grade Division Lesson 1. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RmCRTM3xrE0 Understanding Math Understanding Math- Times Tables: Learn to fluently multiply and divide within 100 is a great way for students ages 9-11 to practice their multiplication and division skills. The app allows them to grow in their ability. First there is the hundred board where the student are able to grasp the cumulative property of multiplication. Second is the multiplication game that gives them a chance to practice learning multiplication by seeing and feeling the quantity using their fingers. Third is the division game that lets the student see how division can be solved by dividing balls into boxes. Fourth is the training games where the child can practice all the skills by writing the answer with their finger. Finally the app is able to connect to other phones so that the student can play against their friends.

This app is created to show the aspects of J. Bruner’s Learning Theory “Three Modes of Representation”. It helps create an understanding of multiplication and division, then it relates them together. The child can practice and become better by increasing the levels. When they are ready they can duel with their friends or parents. This app is compatible with iPhone and iPad app media UG. (December 13, 2014). Understanding Math- Times Tables: Learn to fluently multiply and divide within 100. [iTunes, 3.99] Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://itunes. apple.com/us/app/understanding-math-times-tables/id931897095?mt=8

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Kelly Henderson Unit Rationale: Weather and Weather Tools In this unit third grade students will learn about weather and weather tools. The unit is designed to instruct students about what weather is and the different apparatuses used to help forecast different types of weather. Differentiating and comprehending weather terminology is sometimes difficult for young learners as the words are large and often have the same root words (e.g.,. barometer, thermometer, and anemometer); this unit will provide clarity. Students will learn analyze how weather affects their lives and also learn how to make their own weather predictions using knowledge gained from this unit. Weather is all around us and its impact on our lives can last years. Advances in technology, over the last few decades, allow for faster and more accurate forecasts. After completing this unit learners will have a basic framework of weather patterns, tools used by meteorologists, and the significance of both.

Studying and understanding weather and weather tools is an expectation of Common Core State Standards for third graders. o GLE 0307.81 Recognize the there are a variety of atmospheric conditions that can be measured. o GLE 0307.8.2 Use tools such as the barometer, thermometer, anemometer and rain gauge measure atmospheric conditions. o GLE 0307.8.4 Predict the weather based on cloud observations

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ASSURE Lesson Barometer Weather Prediction Report Name: Kelly Henderson

Subject area: Science

Duration of lesson: 5 days

Grade level: Third

Analyze Learners: Students participating in this lesson are third grade students at Guild Elementary in Gallatin, Tennessee. This class is comprised of twenty, eight and nine year old learners, of which eleven are boys and nine are girls. Class diversity in terms of ethnic background consists of one child of Latin descent, eight African American students, and eleven Caucasian pupils.

There are no English Language Learners or Individual Education Programs for learners in this classroom. Guild is a Title 1 elementary school serving mostly lower income families in the Gallatin area. Though the median income in Sumner County is $52,000 per year, 70.3% of Guild’s student population is considered economically disadvantaged.

Curriculum Competencies: Students possess basic knowledge of atmospheric conditions and weather instruments utilized to construct weather predictions.

Technology Competencies: All learners in this class setting visit and learn about computers (as well as their components) and how to use them for educational purposes in the school’s computer lab each week. Students have experience employing Microsoft Word to type, create, save, and print documents.

State and ISTE Standards and Objectives: State Standard: GLE 0307.8.2

ISTE Standard: Standard 3

Use tools such as the barometer,

Research and Information Fluency

thermometer, anemometer, and rain gauge to measure atmospheric conditions.

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Objective: Students will explain in their own words what a barometer is and how it works. After 3 consecutive days of recording data from barometers (made on day two of the unit), learners will compose, using Microsoft Word, a report of their findings and make weather predictions based on said reports.

Students will demonstrate, in their reports, comprehension of the task via accurate use of academic language associated with this standard and activity. Terms include: air pressure, barometer, gauge, barometric pressure, and atmospheric pressure.

Select Methods, Media, and Materials: Curriculum Materials: Students will need 10 barometers (barometers were constructed by pairs of students), 20 individually recorded sheets of data. Each learner needs notebook paper and a pencil for prewriting and editing their report prior to creating Microsoft Word document.

Technology Materials: 20 Individually written weather reports (created in prewriting activity above, student centered), 20 Computers equipped with Microsoft Word (student centered), Access to printer (or printers) to print student reports (student centered). And the following web resources prior to visiting the computer lab: Battishill, Carl (Producer). (2013). 2nd Grade The Weather Song. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W5t5j89CrRg eniscuolachannel (Producer). (2011). How to Make a Simple Barometer. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://docs.google.com/document/d/1UAn3SNunB2jvAL9qesvMhE_1KZjX8J_S1cPb-3Jr7w/edit MsLacourse (Producer). (2014). Weather Tools. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6F9AtxAiSQ

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Utilize Media and Materials: Preview and Prepare the Materials: Each student will have their own paper and pencils, as well as their prerecorded data, and barometer built with partner. These items will be used to compose drafts of their barometer weather reports. Communication, either oral or email, with the technology teacher in the computer lab will ensure that specific date and hour is available to use the lab and time spent in the lab is used for this assignment and that each child has a computer and access to a printer.

Prepare the Environment: Students will create drafts of report prior to visiting the computer lab. They will carry these drafts with them to the lab and work at individual computers using Microsoft Word to create a document reporting findings in regards to the barometers constructed on day two of this unit.

Students will then save the reports in an assigned folder and print their documents which will be turned into the instructor.

Prepare the Learner: Students, through weekly instruction in the computer lab will have a basic understanding of computers and how to use Microsoft Word to create documents.

Throughout the previous four lessons on weather and weather instruments learners will gain a basic understanding that weather tools are employed to measure atmospheric conditions and make weather predictions. The instructor will present to students, on day one of the unit, a Tell ‘em in 10 PowerPoint presentation introducing weather terminology and unit objectives. Students will be introduced to various types of clouds and what they signify as well as weather tools used by meteorologists to measure and predict different types of weather.

The instructor will also initiate instruction informing learners of the ways anemometers, thermometers, and barometers are used to make weather forecasts. Throughout the week, students will view The Weather Song (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W5t5j89CrRg), and Weather Tools (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6F9AtxAiSQ )videos during instruction.

On day two of the unit, the instructor will review day one instruction and then learners will watch a video on how to make a barometer (https://docs.google.com/document/d/1UAn3SNunB-2jvAL9qesvMhE_1KZjX8J_S1cPb3Jr7w/edit ). Students will work in pairs and build a barometer with the aid of the teacher and any assistants available. After completing construction of the barometer learners will record, on individual pieces of notebook paper, current weather conditions and what information is 61 | P a g e

being presented by their barometers. They will be informed that the purpose of this is to comprehend how weather tools assist us in making weather predictions. Pupils will record this information each subsequent day until the instructor chooses to have students begin preparing reports of their barometer data.

Just prior to visiting the computer lab and using Microsoft word to create the reports learners will use a pencil and notebook paper to draft their reports using the following instructions that will be written on the board or overhead projector:      

Use complete sentences and your own words to create a report of your barometer data.

Include….What a barometer is and how it works.

Report findings and weather conditions for each day you recorded data.

Does this match what you now know about barometers?

Based on today’s reading, what do you think the weather will be like tonight or tomorrow?

Use academic language such as: air pressure, barometer, gauge, barometric pressure, and atmospheric pressure.

The instructor will also read the report requirements aloud, prior to students composing accounts and assist in helping learners revise and proofread reports.

Require Learner Participation: Curricular and Technological Participation: All learners will participate in the prerequisite steps to construct and gather data from their barometers as well as compose a written report on their findings. All students will use Microsoft Word in the computer lab to create a document of their reports, save the document in the assigned folder location, and print their findings.

Evaluate and Revise: Formative assessment: A checklist will be posted and presented to students prior to commencement of typing reports.

The checklist will instruct students to include a heading with their names, name of assignment, date, as well as what font and text size to use. The teacher will check for understanding by asking if anyone has any questions.

As all students work independently to create Microsoft Word documents explaining their barometer findings the teacher and computer lab instructor will assist learners and ensure that all students are on task. Visual monitoring of students will allow instructors to see who is typing and successfully completing the activity and who needs assistance. For those students who are confused about how to use various aspects of Microsoft Word to create, save and print 62 | P a g e

their document, assistance will be offered and direction given in the form of prompting questions that lead the student in the correct direction.

Summative Assessment: Students who are able to compose a report following the given instructions, will demonstrate an understanding of both the Common Core State Standard : GLE 0307.8.2 Use tools such as the barometer, thermometer, anemometer, and rain gauge to measure atmospheric conditions and ISTE Standard number three: Research and Information Fluency.

Students will be graded on the following skills: Did learners include all information requested by the instructor in their report? Did they type, save and print the document as requested?

The following rubric will be used to grade learners: Criteria

Wonderful Work

Good Work

Let’s Think About It‌

33 pts

30 pt

20 points

Follow instructions for including all details in report

Student included academic language and created report in own language. Using complete sentences.

Learner explained what a barometer is and how it is used in report. Student presented all collected data.

Student used some complete sentences.

Student reported some of the collected data and used one or two academic terms.

Student told either what a barometer is OR how it is used.

Student did not use complete sentences in report. Student did not report data.

Student did not explain what a barometer is and how it is used.

Follow instructions for creating Word Document

Student used correct heading, title, font and text size, saved file, and printed assignment.

Student only followed some of the requirements for heading, title, font and text size.

Student did not follow most of the guidelines for creating this Word document.

Participate in activity

Student participated in every step of this assignment and exhibited excellent

Student was occasionally off task or not attempting to complete this activity.

Student was often distracted and exhibiting off task behavior or not

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behavior in the computer lab.

working on assignment.

Unit Media Share

2nd Grade The Weather Song 2nd Grade The Weather Song is an excellent resource for teaching students, of all elementary grades, weather vocabulary and definitions. This is simply a great weather song; the video portion consists of the song’s lyrics. The three minute tune is catchy, fun and the lyrics cover meteorology, tornadoes, clouds, and much more. The chorus is repetitive definition weather.

Kids will love this song and it can also be used as a dance break in the middle of the school day.

Battishill, Carl (Producer). (2013). 2nd Grade The Weather Song. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W5t5j89CrRg CloudySky The Cloudy Sky app provides educators, students, and anyone interested in clouds with hundreds of detailed cloud photos and descriptions. This app also the user to take photos within the app to identify clouds the user is seeing and even keep a cloud log. These photos can be shared through email, Facebook, Twitter (ios5 only), and Flickr. Cloudy Sky definitely aides students in connecting weather conditions with cloud formations, a CCSS for third grade learners. This app requires iOS 6.1 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. The Cloudy Sky app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Hamburg, Eric. (Sept. 19, 2013) Cloudy Sky. [iTunes, $1.99] Retrieved February 27, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/cloudysky/id443064526?mt=8 CloudSpotter – See the sky with new eyes and discover the fantastic world of clouds

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CloudSpotter is an amazing app that has a build in cloud library loaded with cloud photographs accompanied by in depth descriptions. Users can create their own cloud library and log dates and locations. This app will require teacher support and direction as it is very in depth.

Cloudspotter is a wonderful tool for unit studies on clouds and weather patterns. Compatibility requirements: iOS 6.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Hachette UK (BP). (Feb. 5, 2014) CloudSpotter- See the sky with new eyes and discover the fantastic world of clouds [iTunes $2.99] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/cloudspotter-see-sky-new-eyes/id642898668?mt=8 Easy Science for Kids Easyscienceforkids.com is an excellent tool for educators, parents, and after school programs.

The site has a profusion of science facts and educational videos appropriate for learners ranging from preschool to middle school age. The Earth Science section tab in the site offers information on understanding weather forecasts. It puts in plain words what is meant by high and low atmospheric pressure in a way that students can understand. This area of the web site also explains how clouds are formed and details how to make at weather barometer at home or school. Easyscienceforkids.com can be utilized as an instructional tool that nicely aligns with CCSS for third grade science.

GLE 0307.8.3 Identify cloud types associated with particular atmospheric conditions.

GLE 0307.8.4 Predict the weather based on cloud observations.

GLE 0307.8.1 Select appropriate tools used for collecting weather data that correspond to the atmospheric condition being measured.

"Earth Science - Science Facts for Kids About Earth Science." Easy Science For Kids. 1 Jan. 2015. Retrieved on Web. 27 Feb. 2015 from http://easyscienceforkids.com/earth-science/ How Clouds Form- Types of Clouds This two minute video informs learners of how clouds form and the basic types of clouds. The information is presented by a cute talking cloud and his sidekick rain drop and ice pellet. The video fits a lot of information into the two minutes without going over the heads of elementary school age learners.

Raindropcartoon (Producer). (2014). How Clouds Form- Types of Clouds. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zn3MhQawLpc How to Make a Simple Barometer This is a short, how-to instructional video in how to make a barometer. This is an activity that can easily be done in the classroom with just a few supplies. Showing the video to students before they make the same barometer will aid the instructor and the students. The project is simple, quick, and the instructions are given by a child.

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eniscuolachannel (Producer). (2011). How to Make a Simple Barometer. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://docs.google.com/document/d/1UAn3SNunB2jvAL9qesvMhE_1KZjX8J_S1cPb-3Jr7w/edit Kid Weather Kid Weather, created by Just in Weather, is a great tool for getting children to think about how weather and the temperature are related to the clothing choices we make each day. The app allows users to create a child or animal avatar and dress it each day depending on weather conditions. Users may also set their location within the app so that it presents conditions and forecasts specific to that setting. Requires iOS 6.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. Kid Weather is optimized for iPhone 5.

Just in Weather, LLC.(June 12, 2014) Kid Weather [iTunes $1.99] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/kid-weather/id576008071?mt=8 Scholastic’s Weather Watch http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/wwatch/ is a great resource for teachers and parents. The site explains how to analyze weather forecast, explore climate conditions, and track clouds. This web site offers teachers several ideas for easy to duplicate experiments and step by step instructions for creating anemometers, rain gauges, barometers, and wind vanes. There is even a printable Weather Data Sheet (pdf) to record experiment results. The Track the Clouds section of the site offers a lesson on clouds, instruction for viewing and recording gathered information, and a quiz that allows students to assess what they have learned. Higher order thinking skills are used by students to investigate weather information provided by Weather Watch and then analyzed by learners. The experiments and cloud tracking activities offered in this site are great for weather units.

GLE 0307.8.3 Identify cloud types associated with particular atmospheric conditions.

GLE 0307.8.4 Predict the weather based on cloud observations.

GLE 0307.8.1 Select appropriate tools used for collecting weather data that correspond to the atmospheric condition being measured.

"Weather Watch Home." Weather Watch Home. 1 Jan. 2015. Retrieved on Web. 27 Feb. 2015 from http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/wwatch/index.htm.

Science Temperature What is Temperature Understanding and Definition for kids The intent of this video is to help students understand what temperature is and how it is measured with thermometers. The video also explains the difference between Celsius and Fahrenheit. The animation is fun and the language is easy for learners to understand.

Funny jokes (Producer). (2014). Science Temperature What is Temperature Understanding and Definition for kids. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Wy9qstaEaU Thermo-Hygrometer (Barometer, Feels Like Temperature, THI) 66 | P a g e

Thermo-Hydrometer provides barometric, humidity index, and temperature readings for the user’s location. The app uses sun and cloud animations on the barometer, and the words dry, comfort, and wet to relate humidity levels. Thermo-Hygrometer does an excellent job of relating how the readings the app is designed to display, actually affect the user.

Humidity and barometric pressure, things not visible to the eye, are difficult ideas for students to understand and this app helps to make the concepts real to learners. Compatibility requirements are iOS 7.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5, iPhone 6, and iPhone 6 Plus.

PARK, KYU TAE. (Oct.17,2014) Thermo-Hygrometer [iTunes $.99] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/thermo-hygrometer-barometer/id495546638?mt=8

This is My Weather- Meteorology for Kids This app lets young learners pick an avatar and dress it based on current weather conditions.

Weather information is presented with colorful and fun graphics. This is My Weather also presents several weather and climate related topics to users such as, the water cycle, how heavy clouds are, and why weather is not the same everywhere. This app provides simple to understand information. This app requires iOS 8.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. Optimized for iPhone 5, iPhone 6, and iPhone 6 Plus.

Urbn; Pockets. (Jan. 22, 2015) This is My Weather- Meteorology for Kids [iTunes $2.99] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/this-is-my-weathermeteorology/id947134111?mt=8 Tree House Weather http://urbanext.illinois.edu was created by the University of Illinois and features detailed explanations of air pressure and cloud types. The site also presents a glossary of weather terms in learner friendly language. For teachers, state standards and related class activities/lessons are 67 | P a g e

offered. This is an excellent tool for ensuring that lessons are addressing standard expectations.

Some information on this site directed towards upper elementary school grade levels and middle school. Therefore, in regards to third graders, teachers may use this site for the differentiated instruction of advanced students who need supplemental activities.

"Tree House Weather Kids - University of Illinois Extension." Tree House Weather Kids University of Illinois Extension. 1 Jan. 2015. Retrieved on Web. 27 Feb. 2015 from http://urbanext.illinois.edu/treehouse/.

Weather Tools This less than two minute song is a great introduction to weather tools or can be played as a quick review. The graphics and instrumental song are fun and upbeat. Weather instruments presented in this video include anemometer, barometer, thermometer, and rain gauge.

MsLacourse (Producer). (2014). Weather Tools. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6F9AtxAiSQ Weather Wiz Kids Weatherwizkids.com was created by meteorologist Crystal Wicker, and offers an abundance of weather information for children as well as teachers and parents of elementary and middle school age learners. Cloud formation and weather instrument information offered on the site aligns with Common Core State Standards for third grade science. There are also several educational games, flashcards, and links to related kid-friendly sites on Weatherwizkids.com.

GLE 0307.8.3 Identify cloud types associated with particular atmospheric conditions.

GLE 0307.8.4 Predict the weather based on cloud observations.

GLE 0307.8.1 Select appropriate tools used for collecting weather data that correspond to the atmospheric condition being measured.

Wicker, Crystal. "Weather Wiz Kids Weather Information for Kids." Weather Wiz Kids Weather Information for Kids. 1 Jan. 2015. Retrieved on Web. 27 Feb. 2015 from http://www.weatherwizkids.com/weather-clouds.htm>.

What is Weather? http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/whatisweather/aboutweather/flash_menu.shtml Provides short, animated videos about weather for elementary grade students. The videos are brief and use concise language, making them easy to insert into presentations on weather. There are also interactive games to play with students about types of clouds and precipitation as well as printable games about how weather can affect that types of housing we have, clothes we wear, and sports we play. This BBC can b be used to align with several CCSS.

GLE 0307.8.3 Identify cloud types associated with particular atmospheric conditions.

GLE 0307.8.4 Predict the weather based on cloud observations.

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BBC News. BBC, 20 Oct. 2014. Retrieved on Web. 27 Feb. 2015 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/whatisweather/aboutweather/flash_menu.shtml.

Juanita Holder Unit Rationale – The 50 States In this unit, we will be learning how to identify and locate the states that comprise the regions of the United States. Third grade students need to recognize the states and where they are located within the United States to help guide them and inform them for future references.

Students have a difficult time committing to memory the names and locations of all fifty states.

With that being said, students will be encouraged to study and retain the names of all fifty states while starting at the base of our lesson and gradually working toward our goal. In addition, the students will be required to construct a map using resources available to them at home and during school hours of the United States of America. They will use this to guide them through the process of studying all fifty states and their locations. Knowledge relating to National Geography is a component of a third grade education that the students will continue to use and grow with throughout their education. Students will also use this familiarity and understanding with locating the fifty states while traveling with family and friends. The knowledge that students will gain from this unit will accompany them when job opportunities that require travel are presented in later years.

Studying and understanding how to locate the states within the United States region is a learning expectation covered under the Common Core State Standards for Social Studies. ďƒ˜ 3.21 Locate the states that comprise the regions of the United States.

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ASSURE Lesson Plan Template Locating the South West States Name: Juanita Holder Subject Area(s): Social Studies Duration of Lesson: 30 minutes plus rotation time of 60 minutes (Day 8 of 2 week lesson) Grade Level: 3rd

Analyze learners

This lesson occurs with a group of 16 students in a 3rd grade classroom in a Title 1 School at Guild Elementary School. In our classroom, we have a mix of White, Black, and Hispanic backgrounds. There are 3 African American, 2 female and 1 male, and 13 Caucasian, 9 females and 4 males, with all being English speaking students. There are no students in the class that have trouble speaking English. All of the students in this class are around 8 and 9 years of age and range from a 1st to a 3rd grade reading level. There are 5 students with IEP’s, so I will be presenting this lesson on a level that all students will understand. The IEP students are reading on a level lower than 3rd grade. Many of the students need extra help when reading questions and comprehending directions. When needing to accommodate these students, I will reread a passage or repeat my question for their benefit.

Curriculum & Technology Entry Competencies Students have prior knowledge of the five regions of the United States and are now identifying the states that make up each region. In addition, students are basic to proficient when using iPads.

State & NETS*S objectives

Common Core State Standards Social Studies  3.21 Locate the states that comprise the regions of the United States.

ISTE Standard  Critical Thinking, Problem Solving, & Decision Making

Behavioral Objective: 71 | P a g e

Given the names of the fifty states, the learners will locate the fifty states using the Learn the States with Flat Stanley app in order to demonstrate accuracy and critical thinking skills.

Language Objective: The students will become more familiar with the names of all fifty states while using the app to guide them and assist when needed. A few examples of key vocabulary for this lesson are: southern, Florida, Louisiana, Texas, Arizona, northern, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Eastern, Maine, Virginia, Western, Montana, California, and Washington. In addition, students will also learn new geographical locations, the different regions, and the capitals of the states.

They will also be introduced to new historical facts and photos about each state.

Although students have a familiarity with these words, this activity will allow students to demonstrate their understanding of these words and the locations of the states as well.

Select instructional methods, media, and materials

Curriculum Materials:    

(20) United States Region Graphic Organizer (20) Pencils (20) Crayons (1) Map of the United States

Technology Materials:  Elmo (Teacher-Centered)  Screen (for projection of Elmo content)  (4) iPads (Student-centered) with Learn the States with Flat Stanley app installed Flatter World, Inc. (November 2, 2013). Learn The States with Flat Stanley. [iTunes, $1.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/learn-states-flatstanley/id632991688?mt=8

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Utilize media and materials

Preparations for Media and Material: Students will be prepared to start our lesson with pencils and crayons at desk. Our region graphic organizer will be located on my desk until students are in seat, quiet, and ready for to begin. Our map of the United States will only be used after our graphic organizers are completed, and students will then be allowed to check their answers at their designated time during rotations. Elmo will be turned on and ready for displaying our graphic organizer when we begin our lesson.

All iPads are located at the specific rotation center. The app will be installed on each device prior to our lesson today. Students are preassigned to a center number at the beginning of our unit. There will be two students at the iPad center at a time, and currently there are 2 iPad centers in the room. Students not at the iPad center will be at their assigned center throughout the room and will wait patiently for their turn.

Preparations for the Classroom There will be no specific classroom desk arrangements for this lesson.

Students will stay at desk until our rotations begin. Elmo is located in the center of the room for an accurate visual aid for all to see. Centers are located around the wall of the room and numbered for students to see. During rotations, students will go to the preassigned center until our “music makes you move� song begins, which is their warning for time being up at their current center and rotate to the next.

Prepare the Leaners Students will be completing a review graphic organizer for our lesson. The lesson will be introduced to the students by reintroducing all five regions of the United States. Directions will be given to students and our lesson for the day will be explained. I will then pass the graphic organizers out to all students and place one on the elmo for me to use for display.

We will begin our lesson by reviewing the locations of the regions that create the United States. Students will then answer questions that may be asked, and I will guide students in completing the graphic organizer. The students will use their prior knowledge to locate the regions on their graphic organizer, and then they will write the names of each state in the correct place. We will find and locate one state from each region together as a class. The students will then complete the graphic organizer independently.

After students have completed the graphic organizer, directions will be given for each center. Center one and three contain activities for locating and naming the fifty states using correct spelling and language. At center five, students will meet with me at the teacher table and we will use the map of the United States to locate the states that they added to their graphic organizer. Students will use their crayon to mark their answers write or wrong while we review the map. I 73 | P a g e

will be assessing their work on their graphic organizer for their summative assessment as well.

Require At centers two and four, students will use iPads for locating the fifty states learner participation using Learn The States With Flat Stanley. Students will log on using their account information and go on an adventure with Flat Stanley. Students will use this app to learn geographic locations, regions, and capitals of all states. Flat Stanley begins his journey at different locations. Students will begin the journey with him and will correctly answer his questions to continue on the way. On their journey, they will also learn about important history events that occurred in specific states, as well as, seeing actual photos of monuments that the states may have. Students will finish their journey and document their score on their score sheet.

Evaluate and revise

Formative Assessment Students will document their score that they received on their journey with Flat Stanley using the iPad app during rotation center time. I will use their score in assessing their formative assessment in making sure that they understand the vocabulary and directions of using the app. Using the app for my formative assessment will allow students to demonstrate their understanding from the directions that were given and will allow me to see their progress for the next few days using the app. I will help guide students that may have misunderstood the directions or content of the app. I will also be able to observe the students while they are using the app and will be able to assist when needed. There will be a rubric to help guide me using the score that they gave and how well they understood the concept of the app and its contents.

In addition, students will be assessed on their ability to use the app and write about one important fact that they found out about each south west state. Students will write these facts from their activity using the iPad app. I will be able to assess their ability to use the app by determining the facts that they have written down as well.

Summative Assessment: The students will be assessed on their ability to locate and identify the fifty states on the graphic organizer. Students will use their prior knowledge and the discussion from the beginning of our lesson to write the names of the states in the correct location on the map. They will be able to use clues on the shape, borders, or boundaries while identifying each state. As a class, we will have already correctly identified five of the states, one from each region. Students, 74 | P a g e

with my guidance, will grade their paper by using the map provided and their crayons. If they wrote the incorrect state, they will use their crayon to correct their mistakes. As a group, we will discuss why certain states are where they are and the boundaries that each may have to help us be able to correctly identify each state.

4. Distinguished 3. Proficient

2. Apprentice

1. Novice

Behavior-Follows Instructions: Listens to instructions and follows directions

Paid close attention to instructions, and asked questions when needed.

Followed all directions in the order they were given.

Listened closely to instructions, and followed directions without a lot of teacher help.

Listened to instructions, but did not complete all directions.

Did not listen to instructions, and only followed directions when prompted by teacher.

ContentTerminology: Vocabulary makes sense for the topic

Used vocabulary that made the ideas in the activity clear.

Gave the viewer clues to the meaning of new vocabulary words.

Used vocabulary that made the ideas in the activity clear.

Used vocabulary the viewer could understand.

Used the wrong Used vocabulary vocabulary that was too words to easy or too hard. describe the topic. Used jargon that made activity hard to understand.

OrganizationTracks progress: Aware of deadlines and progress toward goals

Student checked progress throughout the activity to meet deadlines and goals to be able to finish activity on time.

Student checked progress many times during the activity.

Student checked progress a few times during the activity.

Writing-Ideas: Includes interesting and informative details

Writing had quality details which were interesting and supported the main idea.

Writing had many details that supported the main idea.

Writing had few Writing had no details that details. supported the main idea.

Student did not keep track of progress toward activity goals.

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Unit Media Share

50 States Google play has created a fun interactive game that allows children to learn the states and their capitals along with additional facts about each state. In addition to learning the fifty states, the 50 States app allows children to learn about national land marks, monuments and parks that each state contains. The graphics are up to date and are created to show children the accurate looks and sites of the states and the facts that they contain. In addition, children have the option of taking quizzes to reassure themselves of the content on the app. It is recommended for all ages, but looks more appropriate for middle elementary grades. This app is compatible with Android devices and requires 2.1 and up.

DigitalMav. (August 26, 2011). 50 States. [Android, Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.digitalmav.states50free&hl=en 50 States Song 50 States Song is an educational video where students can learn the states and a quality that each state holds. While children watch the video, they will learn the locations of each state and the spellings as well. Children will also hear many qualities about the states as well. Some qualities may be culture related and others may be a famous person’s home state. In addition, some of the qualities mentioned may teach the children the location of the states compared to other states.

The video is an encouraging and interesting video for children to watch. This video will appeal to middle and upper elementary grades as well as lower middle school grades.

GuruParents. (Producer). (April 28, 2013). 50 States Song. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6Idny5YrAw 50 States That Rhyme Song 50 States That Rhyme Song is a great upbeat song that will get the minds of children ready to learn the fifty states. This song has a rock beat to it, and it rhymes to make it more enjoyable and memorable for the children. In addition, there is animation throughout so that children can see how enjoyable learning the fifty states can be. Children are also able to connect the state with the location during the song because the map is shown through the entire song. The song is a great way to learn the fifty states with a positive attitude.

Raggs TV. (Producer). (August 14, 2014). 50 States That Rhyme Song- Fun, Learning Video & Sing Along: Teaching Children the U.S. Map. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxHGiLYEaV8 76 | P a g e

ABCYA: USA Geography-Puzzle Map Puzzle maps are always fun with children, and abcya.com has given children a fun and exciting game to do just that. Children can learn by using shapes and names to allow them to put together a puzzle of the United States using USA Geography-Puzzle Map in abcya.com. Children will be timed as they journey to beat their last score of putting the puzzle together. It also allows them to skip states that they may or may not be familiar with and continue to the next one. In addition, children have the privilege to challenge themselves and choosing the hard puzzle. This website allows children to learn the states, their shapes, and their placement on a map of the United States. USA Geography-Puzzle Map is recommended for grades 2-5.

ABCya. (2012). USA Geography-Puzzle Map. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.abcya.com/USA geography_puzzle_map.htm Coolmath-Games: State the State Coolmath-games.com is an educational website that allows children to choose the level of their choice. Children also get to choose the amount of questions and types of questions that they may want to answer. Whether they play choose it or spell it, they will be challenged to do their best.

There are between ten to fifty questions pertaining to the states, and children will advance in their level of knowledge during these games. State the State will confirm the children’s previous knowledge on the subject and give them a chance to exceed what they already know with a score after the game is over. This game is a great way to challenge children to do their best.

Coolmath-Games. (2015). State the State. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.coolmath-games.com/0-geography-state-the-state Fact Monster: The Fifty States The factmonster.com website has a link to The Fifty States trivia and information chart where children can learn about each state and some important facts that they hold. Students will be learning where each state is on a map as they work against a timer to try to correctly match each state with its shape. In addition, Fact Monster also allows children to take quizzes to challenge themselves. They also can learn more about state capitals, flags, and national landmarks that belong to each state. Many facts about each state can be found on this page such as elevations, populations, and fun facts. Children will be amazed at the amount of information that this website shares and teachers will be more than happy to allow children to use this during class time.

Factmonster. (2015). The Fifty States. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.factmonster.com/states.html Fifty Nifty States In the video Fifty Nifty States, all fifty states are addressed in a song for children to learn. One of the qualities is that they are addressed in alphabetic order and repeated one more time.

Students with different learning styles may be able to adapt to this song because they are in alphabetical order. In addition, Fifty Nifty States also shows the shapes of each state and the map as well. Children can get a better understanding of the shape of the state because the video puts 77 | P a g e

an emphasis on each state. This video would be a great introduction to lessons pertaining to the states and their location and shape.

Dow, Lincoln. (Producer). (June 24, 2010). Fifty Nifty States. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WhDrGnjacvA Geography Drive USA This interactive app allows children to create their own upgradeable cars to travel across the United States and explore each state. Children will enter trivia games and track their score to move through each state. Geography Drive USA allows the children to see the map with all fifty states on it as well as chose the state to which they want to continue on visiting. This app teaches the children general information about each state, along with the location and spelling of each state on the map. Geography Drive USA is recommended for ages 9-11 and created by parents that enjoy seeing children learn. This app is compatible with an iPad and requires iOS 6.0 or later.

Spinlight Studio. (December 8, 2014). Geography Drive USA. [iTunes, $2.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/geography-drive-usa/id579100969?mt=8 Learn The States with Flat Stanley What a fun way to learn about the fifty states and what they contain within. In this app, children can explore the fifty states with Flat Stanley as he goes on an adventure with them. He also allows children to see real photos of monuments, landmarks, and attractions on this journey.

Children will venture out into the United States and see the region that each state is in and the landmarks that make that state well known. Not only with the children learn the fifty states, but they will also learn the spelling of each state as well. A great component of this app is that it does not have pop up ads like others. Learn The States with Flat Stanley is also recommended for children 9-11 in age. This app is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch and requires iOS 5.0 or later.

Flatter World, Inc. (November 2, 2013). Learn The States with Flat Stanley. [iTunes, $1.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/learn-states-flatstanley/id632991688?mt=8 Scholastic: Puzzled States Game Puzzled States Game is a great way to allow children to use their time wisely and concentrate on the shape of the states and where they are located on the map. There are no time limits or wrong answers, just children trying their best. Along the way, as children get the states in the correct place, they will gain more knowledge about each state. When the state is placed correctly, additional information about the state is presented to the children, such as the states nickname and a symbol of life there. While using their background knowledge about the states in America, students can succeed in placing each puzzle piece in the correct place to create The United States puzzle.

Scholastic. (2015). Puzzled States. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.scholastic.com/play/prestates.htm 78 | P a g e

Shepard Software: USA Games-States In shepardsoftware.com, playing educational games are so much fun and exciting for children.

The USA Games-States page allows children to choose a level of their choice depending on their knowledge. With that being said, teachers can also begin children on a level that they believe would be best for their level of learning. The first level, the tutorial, begins with children clicking on a state and then it names the states for each student to get familiar with. The levels then proceed until they reach the Master Geographer where students create the map and shape the states to their correct size. This is a good resource for beginners, and they can eventually move up as they build on their background knowledge.

Shepard Software. (2015). USA Games-States. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/states_experiment_background_noClip10s.html Stack the States Stack the States is a great way for children to learn the fifty states that create The United States of America. Children, recommended between the ages of 9-11, can create their own interactive game where the states come to life, and they are also encouraged to level up as often as they can to earn more points to win. In addition to learning the states and their locations, children are taught about state capitals and their flags as well. As children progress throughout the game, they earn random states to add to their map. The end goal is to create your own personal map and win all fifty states to insert into the map. In addition, they can also gain access to additional educational games. Knowledge of the states, their capitals, and the location will benefit children throughout their school years. This app is compatible with iPad, iPhone, and iPod touch and requires iOS 4.3 or later.

Freecloud Design, Inc. (July 23, 2014). Stack the States. [iTunes, $1.99] Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/stack-the-states/id381342267?mt=8 State Bingo and Road Trip US State Bingo and Road Trip US is an adventurous educational learning experience for children learning about the states in America. This app is recommended for ages 9-11 and levels 4th-6th grade. Within this app, two games allow children to learn about the states and add continuously to their background knowledge. The first game, State Bingo game, allows children to play bingo while solving state riddles and using their reading a map skills. The second game, Road Trip US game, allows children to move Pep the car from north to south and east to west while traveling all over the United States. In order to move, questions will have to be answered correctly and excursions, such as Lewis and Clark, will be seen as well. One of the great aspects of this game is that it has three levels, easy-medium-hard, for children to use depending on their level. The app allows children to learn while having fun. It is also a great educational resource to carry along on family vacations and road trips so that the experience can be seen. . One of the rewarding features of this app is that it is aligned with common core standards that many states with the United States have adopted. This app is compatible with Ipad and requires iOS 5.1or later.

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Niyaa LLC. (May 21, 2014). State Bingo and Road Trip US. [iTunes, $2.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/state-bingo-and-road-tripus/id584256800?mt=8 The 50 States and Capitals Song The 50 States and Capitals Song is an educational rapping song that teaches children the states and the capitals through rhyming while allowing the children to see the location of each state.

Children need an upbeat and exciting song to get them through the school day, and The 50 States and Capitals Song will allow this to happen. Children will learn the fifty states while watching this video. In addition, the video will show the children the regions that each of the states is located. This will allow children to connect each state with the correct region that is in. The song in the video also allows the children to hear rhyming patterns throughout to connect the states and their capitals onto the map. In addition, the video also has the lyrics that may be printed for the children to read along to.

Silly School Songs. (Producer). (December 2, 2014). The 50 States and Capitals Song.

[YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2014 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQaWFEjTcVc Tour The States In the video Tour The States, children will hear more R&B music to learn the 50 States, their location, and their capitals. This video would appeal to older children in grades 4-6, but younger children in 2nd and 3rd grade may be introduced to the song to help with knowing the states. In this video, the song is shown through a faster approach than most songs but allows the students to sing along once they have been introduced to it. The video also adds graphics to each state to create a unique look that the children can connect with the name and location of the state. Tour The States is a creative and enjoyable video that children can learn from and will be able to retain the information that is presented in the video.

Marbles The Brain Store. (Producer). (June 29, 2012). Tour The States. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_E2CNZIlVIg

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Brittany Holliday Unit Rationale – Frequently Confused Words This fourth grade unit is intended to help students recognize the difference in words that are confused frequently such as: to, two, too, and there, their, and they’re. Fourth grade students need to learn the differences between these words so they are correctly using and spelling the correct words in their writings. The learner will interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, connotative, and figurative meanings, and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone. The students will be doing activities regarding frequently confused words using different centers in the classroom. The centers will be computers, Ipads, reading a passage on a worksheets independently, and audio listening.

Students will also do different games to master the standards. Understanding the knowledge of how to use different words in the correct way is important for students in multiple ways. It is important for them to use these words and phrases in reading and writing. When reading the learner needs to know these words, so that they are putting the correct meaning to the correct words. While writing the learner needs use the word with the correct meaning that they are wanting to display. Using the language will be useful when reading and writing throughout the students’ lives, for understanding reading, writing, and getting jobs.

Studying applying grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words is used under Common Core for English Language Arts 4.3.

The students will use combined knowledge of all letter-sound correspondences, syllabication patterns, and morphology (e.g., roots and affixes) to read accurately unfamiliar multisyllabic words in context and out of context.

Present.Me Tutorial: http://present.me/view/265033-tell-em-in-10-homophones Opening Commercial: 4_HomophonesCommercial.wav Glogster: http://bholliday1.edu.glogster.com/homophones/ 81 | P a g e

ASSURE Lesson Plan Template Homophones Name: Brittany Holliday Duration of Lesson: 1 hour

Analyze learners

State & NETS*S objectives

Subject Area(s): ELA Grade Level: 4th Grade

I am teaching at a Title One School called Guild Elementary. This school has a low social economic percentage of 66. There are eighteen students in my second grade class, which I will be teaching, eleven boys and seven girls. These eighteen students are either seven or eight years old. The students in the classroom are diverse in ethnicity with twelve Caucasians and six Hispanics. There are five English Language Learners in the classroom, and they all come from a Hispanic background. All five of the English Language Learners can speak, read, and understand English well enough to understand the directions, and are able three of them can communicate with everyone in the classroom. The remaining two students can most of the time read and understand the directions, but they are not fluent when speaking with classmates yet, so there are students that help translate information to and from the students.

Two of the students go to EL daily for an hour, and the other three go daily for only thirty minutes. Also one of these ELL students has an Individualized Educational Plan for Reading, and they have an hour of inclusion and an hour of pull out daily. Other than the two students that do not speak English well, the remaining students communicate and work well together in small groups and whole group instruction. The students have a well-equipped background knowledge over homophones. They have student them in their second and third grade classrooms. I have also presented my Tell’em in 10 PowerPoint teaching the different between their, there, and they’re and to, two, and too and had them complete a handout over homophones.

Curriculum Standard: Studying and applying grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words is used under Common Core for English Language Arts 4.3.

Technology Standard: Research and Information Fluency Behavioral Objective: The students will review their understanding by using the Same Sound Spell Bound app on the iPad. The app gives them feedback when the student chooses the correct answer then the animal comes to life, if they do not the animal stays like it is.

Given the iPad with the app Same Sound Spell Bound opened, the learners will build their knowledge over homophones by applying their skills on word analysis and decoding words to the game that will review a number of homophones. I will be looking for students to interact with the app efficiently with little confusion.

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Language Objective: I want the students to think about the different homophones and think about the correct meanings that apply in the different sentences. The app will have sentences such as: I feel _______ weak/week? or It/It’s _______ raining outside? The students will choose the correct word. By practicing homophones, it will improve students writing with accurate spellings to the correct meanings of the words the students use.

Academic Language: They need to use the words homophones, meaning, word difference, same sounds.

Select instructional methods, media, and materials

Teacher-Centered: Projector, Elmo, Pens, 1 blank handout to model, 20 copies of the quiz, 20 copies of evaluation rubric, basket to return iPads.

Student-centered: 18 handouts from previous day, my blank homophone handout, 18 iPads with charger, 18 Same Sound Spell Bound apps, 18 iPads with internet connection, pencils.

New River Community College Games. (June 15, 2011). Same Sound Spell Bound.

[ITunes, $.99] Copyright 2011 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/same-sound-spellbound-homophones/id442983953?mt=8

Utilize media and materials

Briefly describe how you will use the learning resources in the following three (3) areas:  What preparations are required for the MEDIA AND MATERIAL? o Ask computer lab for 18 iPads o Ask for permission to Download Same Sound Spell Bound app on the iPads, which costs $.99 a piece which equals $17.82 total. o Make sure each iPad is connected to the internet. o Make sure each iPad is charged and ready to go before the students arrive.  What preparations are required for the CLASSROOM? o Students desk are clear for the iPads. o Make sure there are no backpacks, jackets, or any other materials are in the floor for someone to slip and fall on. o Have a designated basket for iPads for students to return them carefully.  Explain how you will prepare the LEARNER for the instructional experience, prior to using the technology.

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o I will activate student’s background knowledge by reminding the students about homophones and do go over the worksheet that was given yesterday.

Require learner participation

Evaluate and revise

Specify steps to learning that students will follow.

1. Give evaluation of technology rubric to students to complete and turn in to the blue basket.

2. The students will be handed their iPad 3. The students will open the Same Sound Spell Bound app 4. The students will build on their knowledge by review and practicing homophones on the app.

5. The students will word analysis skills and phonological awareness to decode the correct meanings of the homophones given.

6. The students then pick the correct homophone that fits best in the sentence.

7. I will facilitate if the students have questions by prompting them with decoding skills, and having them refer back to previous lessons.

8. The students will use this app to research and practice their fluency using homophones with high proficiency 9. The students will then take a summative assessment over homophones.

Formative Assessment (Process): The students will be practicing homophones on the app, that gives feedback whether you have chosen the correct homophone or not.

I will walk around the room and facilitate learning and helping those students that are confused. If the students are confused I will scaffold and give them prompting questions to see if they can figure out the correct response. I expect to observe students strive and make connections while practicing on the app, but I also expect to see some students struggle especially the ELL learners, but I know with a little guidance they can do it.

I will know if the majority of students are doing well practicing on the app then it is time to take the summative assessment. In addition, if the students do not do well then I know I will need to reteach and differentiate my instruction.

Summative Assessment (Product): The students will take a quiz, with 10 selected- response questions of them the correct homophone that fits best in the sentence, and then choosing 5 homophones from the list on the back of the quiz and write 5 sentences using the correct spelling and meaning of the homophone. The test will be given to the EL students with English and Spanish sentences and word translations. The EL students will be directed to also write their five sentences in Spanish, while using English words when possible. If the 84 | P a g e

student receive a proficient score of 85 % or higher on the quiz I conclude that I do not need to reteach.

After the summative assessment the students will evaluate the app they used today.

1. Do you think you benefited from using the Same Sound Spell Bound app?

2. Did you learn anything new?

3. Was the app easy to navigate and use?

4. Do you have any changes you would recommend?

5. Would you like to use this type of technology again?

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Name ___________

Date _____________

Homophones Directions: Look at numbers 1-10 and apply what you know about homophones. Use your word analysis and decoding skills to choose the homophone that fits best in the sentence (5pts each). Then on the back choose 5 homophones and write 5 sentences using the homophones you have chosen (10pts each).

Instrucciones: Mira los números 1-10 y aplicar lo que sabe de homófonos . Utilice sus palabras de análisis y decodificación de habilidades para elegir el homófono que queda mejor en la frase ( 5 puntos cada uno). Luego en la parte posterior elegir 5 homófonos y escribir 5 oraciones usando los homófonos que ha elegido (10 puntos cada uno).

1.

I am not __________ to drink soda.

a. b.

aloud allowed No estoy __________ beber soda. a. en voz alta b . permitido

2.

He ________ his gum too loudly.

a. b.

choose chews Él ________ el chicle demasiado alto . a. elegir

b. mastica

3.

You need to be careful and not _______ food.

a. b.

waste waist

Es necesario tener cuidado y no _______ alimentos. a. residuos b. cintura

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4.

______ is time to leave for lunch.

a. b.

Its It’s ______ es hora de irse para el almuerzo. a. su b . es

5.

I will let you _______ the directions of the test.

a. b.

know no Te dejaré _______ las instrucciones de la prueba. a. saber b . no

6.

You have the right to _________ arms.

a. b.

bear bare Usted tiene el derecho a _________ brazos. a. soportar b . desnudo

7.

The _______ truck drove by.

a. b.

read red El _______ camión pasó por . a. leer b . rojo

8.

I use ________ to bake a cake.

a. b.

flour flower Utilizo ________ para hornear un pastel. a. harina b . flor

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9.

Go _______ the door to find the clues.

a. b.

threw through

Ir _______ la puerta para encontrar las pistas. a. lanzó b . a través de

10.

____________ is a dog in the park.

a. b.

They’re There ____________ es un perro en el parque. a. Son b . allí

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Directions: Choose 5 homophones and write 5 sentences using the homophones you choose.

Homophone List to

their two

too

bare there

they’re

allowed bear aloud

know no

through threw flour

its it’s flower

Instrucciones: Elija 5 homófonos y escribir 5 oraciones usando las palabras homófonas que usted elija.

Lista homophone a su desnudo permitido a través de su dos hay de peluche saben lanzó es también están en voz alta sin flor de harina 1.____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 2.____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 3.____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 4.____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 5.____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

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Unit Media Share

4th grade Homophones The website www.ixl.com is a good academic websites for teachers and students.

Teachers can use this website for students to practice multiple ELA standards specifically for their particular grade. This website has homophones for 4th grade and two different links that students can click on for them to practice. One is identifying homophones, and the other is use the correct homophone. Both sections help students master the use of homophones, which is important for children to learn and know for reading and writing purposes.

IXL Learning. (2015). 4th Grade Homophones. [Websites] Retrieved from http://www.ixl.com/ela/grade-4 4th Grade Reading The 4th grade reading app is a lot like the 4th grade reading comp app. The content is based on the Common Core State Standards, and it has multiple readings for children to do to improve their comprehension, fluency, and also the other state standards. It is great for the classroom, because children can get on the app and work at their own pace. Some of the skills on the app, are main idea, explain events happening in the story, and understanding the meaning of general text (including homophones).

This app is compatible for Droid users, and on any desktop or laptop computer.

Peekaboo Studios. November 16, 2014. 4th Grade Reading [Google Play $3.99] Retrieved from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.Peekaboo.Google.reading4 4th Grade Reading Comp The 4th Grade Reading Com app is great for students to use. The content is set around the Common Core State Standards. It helps student improve their reading and comprehension and fluency. This app covers homophones and other important concepts on a fourth grade level. The app is also great, because it lets the students work at their own place. This app would be great for a classroom computers for students to get on and practice reading.

This app is compatible for Droid users, and on any desktop or laptop computer.

Peekaboo Studios. August 27, 2013. Fourth Grade Reading Comp [Google Play $2.99] Retrieved from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.Peekaboo.Google.read4 Fourth grade learning game 90 | P a g e

This app is great not because it has a section over homophones, but it covers math and ELA material. The app has different sections for children to pick on such as: fractions, word problems, missing vowels, spelling, angles and geometry, graphs and grids, punctuation and grammar, synonyms and antonyms, patterns, and homophones. This app incorporates these educational concepts from the Common Core State Standards into fun games for fourth graders to play. During these games the children fly spaceships, race cars, and throw darts to achieve mastery. This app helps children master Common Core State Standards, by playing games, and homophones is one of them. When you download this application the first three sections are the ones that are unlocked. To unlock the other section you must pay $1.99 and all the other sections unlock and the children are ready to start playing.

This app requires iOS 6.0 or later, and is Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Bradford, Kevin LLC. 2013. Fourth Grade Learning Games. [ITunes, $.99 or $1.99] Retrieved from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/fourth-grade-learning-games/id658561085?mt=8 Grammar Dragon This app is for children to rescue all their friends from the Grammar Dragon. Grammar Dragon is a learning game that incorporates words and sentence structure to a particular grade level. This app is great for teachers to use in multiple grades including: 2 nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th grade. It helps children practice the Common Core State Standards that are suitable for their grade level and beyond if they excel. The app engages children in a hands-on learning process, implementing kinesthetic learning.

This app requires iOS 6.1 or later, and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

New River Community College. (2014). Grammar Dragon [ITunes $0.99] Retrieved from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/grammar-dragon/id397730260?mt=8 Homonyms, Homographs, and Homophones The website: www.spellingcity.com is a great website for teachers and children, because there are resources for all ages. This website covers a good amount of Common Core Standards, and is easily navigated. The website has a homophone section where there are links to video sessions, games, word lists, and enrichment strategies. These links are great tools for teachers to use in their lessons to engage students, and let them practice with the games. This website goes even further and explains about homographs and homonyms which is good for furthering a child knowledge.

Vocabulary Spelling City. (2007-2015). Homonyms, Homographs, and Homophones. [Website].

Retrieved from http://www.spellingcity.com/homophones-and-homonyms.html Homophones This video is great for students to learn the different homophones. This video goes through and gives examples of different homophones. The video gives a picture describing each 91 | P a g e

homophone, gives a sentence using the homophone, then spells the correct homophone that is being used in the sentence. Teachers can show this video to students to get their minds thinking before they write or before the homophone lesson.

Gregory Sunnij. (Producer). April 25, 2012. Homophones [You Tube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_M_Dl4DyGU Homophones The website: www.mrswarneralrington.com is a great website for teachers and children to use to learn and practice homophones. This website has different definitions of homophones, different examples of homophones, links for games over homophones, and a video that explains homophones. This website is especially designed for a 4 th grade class. Teachers will really like this website because it also has other tabs on it for ELA, Math, and Science for teachers to use to get ideas for other lessons.

Warner, Joanne. 2014. Homophones. [Website}. Retrieved from http://mrswarnerarlington.weebly.com/homophones.html Homophones!

The video, homophones, is great for students to watch, because in the video the children are showing their picture and saying their sentence or sentences describing the homophones they selected. This video shows students different homophones and how they can use them in a sentence, which is important for students to know and understand. This is a great video for teachers too, because it shows them a lesson they can do over homophones.

Ms. Diem’s Thinkers. Nov. 7 2013. Homophones [You Tube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w5sZUFYGZXA Homophones 4th Grade Lesson Homophones is a video for teaching students homophones. This video shows how a teacher makes the students read sentences, then she goes over the different homophones in the sentence. The students pick if the homophone works correctly or not. Understanding homophones is important for students to understand so that they use the correct spelling in their sentences when writing. It is also important for the child to understand homophones when they are reading so they know what the word’s meaning is.

Costello, CJ. (Producer). Nov. 11, 2014. Homophones 4 th Grade Lesson. [You Tube Video].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HasDNzZDWOI Homophones/Homonyms The website: www.enchantedlearning.com is a great resource for teachers and students.

This website is a great resource for teachers, because it has a huge list of homophones and homonyms. It also has quizzes and worksheets that you can give to your students for drill and practice. This website is also great for students to get on and practice by themselves, because it shows them all the different homophones, and they can take quizzes that make students identify homophones and write a homophone for each word.

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Enchanted Learning. (1996-2012). Homophones/Homonyms. [Website]. Retrieve from http://www.enchantedlearning.com/english/homonyms/ Homophones and Homophone Gobbler The website: www.theturtlediary.com helps children learn about homophones through gaming. This website has multiple games on homophones, but the two that are centered on the fourth grade standard, are Homophones and Homophone Gobbler. These games have been designed for 4th grade students to help them understand and practice homophones. This website also has games for Kindergarten, First, and Second Grade.

The Turtle Diary. (2015). Homophones. [Website] Retrieved from http://www.turtlediary.com/grade-4-games/ela-games/homophones.html Homophones There, They’re, Their, To, Too, Two Song This video is great for students to see. They can watch this video and learn the song to remember the meanings of There, They’re, Their, To, Too, and Two. The video starts with the definition of a homophone then goes into the song. This is another great way to start off a lesson, and every lesson that you do over homophones to let the students learn the song.

Grammar Songs by Melissa. (Producer). Sept. 20, 2014. Homophones There, They’re, Their, To Too, Two Song [You Tube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7911KEv-TI4 Kids Learning—Learn about Homophones This video about homophones is a great way to start off a lesson. It shows what a definition of a homophone means, plus gives examples of different homophones such as blue, blew, and sun, son. The video shows these different homophones used in a sentence, which is important for children to know how to do when writing. This video is a great way to get students engaged, because most students love videos.

Iken Edu. (Producer). 2012. Kids Learning—Learn about Homophones [You Tube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gsUEhDeD-mM

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Same sound Spell Bound Luna and Leo are working on a spell book to bring animals to life. The child must use the correct word to bring the animal to life. This application is for students to pick either Luna or Leo, who are magicians in Magic School, master the magic of words. This application helps children understand homophones. The child must select the correct homophone that best completes the puzzle sentence before the time is up. If the player chooses the correct homophone than an animal comes to life. If the child chooses the incorrect homophone than the animal disappears.

This app is great for 4th grade children because it makes the children think about the words and choose the correct homophone. It also makes the students make sure the homophone makes sense in a sentence, which is another plus to the app.

This app requires iOS 3.1.3 or later, and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

New River Community College Games. (June 15, 2011). Same Sound Spell Bound. [ITunes, $.99] Copyright 2011 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/same-sound-spell-boundhomophones/id442983953?mt=8

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Katherine Howe Unit Rationale – Comparing Fractions In this unit, fourth grade students will be learning about comparing fractions. At the fourth grade level, comparing fractions might be a difficult concept, because at their cognitive levels, comparing numbers without a visual aid is new territory. Students need to know how to tell the difference between multiple different fractions in order to complete daily tasks such as baking, cutting a pie or measuring materials. Additionally, the ability to compare fractions will aid students in higher level mathematics classes. The students will learn about the different properties of fractions through the use of visual aids and interactive games. Once a basic understanding has been established students will then begin to compare two different fractions (ie. ½ as opposed to Ÿ). Furthermore, students will apply their new knowledge to adding and subtracting fractions based on common denominators. Real world situations such as those mentioned above will be explored and problem based learning will be utilized. Differentiating between sets of fractions will help students in everyday life. Many daily activities such telling time, counting money, cooking or baking, cutting pies or pizzas, and shopping. >Comparing fractions in mathematics is a learning expectation covered under Common Core Mathematics Standard 4.2: Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering.

2. Compare two fractions with different numerators and different denominators, e.g., by creating common denominators or numerators or by comparing to a benchmark fraction such as 1/2. Recognize that comparisons are valid only when the two fractions refer to the same whole. Record the results of comparisons with symbols >, =, or <, and justify the conclusions, e.g., by using a visual fraction model.

Present.Me Tutorial: http://present.me/view/264724-tell-em-in-10 Opening Commercial: 4_FractionsRap.wav Glogster: http://kghowe12.edu.glogster.com/fraction-glogster/

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ASSURE Lesson Plan Template

Fractions for Life Name: Katherine Howe Duration of Lesson: 2 days

Analyze learners

Subject Area(s): Math Grade Level: 3rd

This lesson will be taught to a group of third graders at Park Avenue Enhanced Option Elementary school in Nashville, Tennessee. This class is made up of 17 students, ranging in age from 9-11 years old. There are 8 boys and 9 girls in this classroom and all students speak proficient English. There is a lack of diversity in this classroom, as all but one student are African American, while the other student is Middle Eastern. Park Avenue is located in a developing part of town and a majority of the students that attend this school come from lower socioeconomic families. This may affect my lesson due to the lack of computer availability at home for some students. There are 0 students with IEPs or 504 Plans.

Technology Competencies Coming into this lesson, students have a basic understanding of how to use Microsoft PowerPoint as well as the basic functions of laptops and desktops.

Curricular Competencies Based on Math standards for 1st and 2nd grade, students should have a general idea of what a fraction is and how to solve fraction word problems in addition to basic fraction word problems.

State Standards State & NETS*S objectives

CCSS: 4.2: Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering. .

NETS Standards ISTE Standard 1: Creativity and Innovation ISTE Standard 3: Research and Information Fluency

Behavioral Objective Using Internet-based research, the learners will create a PowerPoint presentation about Using Fractions in Everyday Life including creating a realistic, but fictional scenario where fractions would be used and how they would solve the problem at hand.

Language Objective Students should be able to identify, define and apply all of the related fraction vocabulary such as fraction, numerator, denominator, inequality, mixed number and divide. Students will be required to use these vocabulary words in order to complete their PowerPoint presentations with 100% accuracy. When presenting their PowerPoints, students will have an additional opportunity to use these vocabulary words orally.

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Select instructional methods, media, and materials

Utilize media and materials

Educational Resources 1 A Fraction of a Chance PBS Video (Student-centered) (PBS Kids. (Producer). (2013). Cyberspace: A Fraction of a Chance. [PBS Kids Cyberchase]. Retrieved from http://pbskids.org/cyberchase/videos/cyberchase-a-fraction-of-a-chance-ep-510/) Microsoft PowerPoint installed on 11 computers (Student-centered) 17 Instructional Worksheets for Creating PowerPoints (Student-centered) 11 Desktop and/or Laptop Computers (Student-centered) 1 Projector (for PBS Video) (Teacher-centered) Scrap Paper for each group; approximately 20 pieces of paper 20 Pencils

Preview and Prepare Materials 

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Pencils and paper will be utilized for taking notes during the Fraction of a Chance Video and also while researching fraction scenarios on the Internet. Students have their own pencils and paper.

The PowerPoint Instructional Worksheet will be passed out once students begin working on the computers with their partners.

10 computers are located along the wall on the table in the back of the room. 1 computer per pair or group will be utilized. Students will have assigned computers so that they can save their presentations directly to the computer.

Make sure projector and the Fraction of a Chance video are working properly.

Make sure computers are on and PowerPoint software has been installed on each computer.

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Students may or may not need to pull a few chairs over to their assigned computer.

The projector is installed in the ceiling so there will be no rearrangement necessary.

Students’ desks and the teacher’s desk will not require rearrangement.

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To begin the lesson, learners will engage in a discussion session where we complete an oral KWL chart, which will elicit interest in fraction word problems and applying the use of fractions to everyday life. This will also bring forth any pre-existing knowledge students have on the topic.

As a class, students will then watch the Fraction of a Chance video found on PBS.org.

Once the video is over, students will do a Think-Pair-Share and we will discuss the video as a class.

Students will be told that they are to complete an Internet-based research project with the final product being an informative PowerPoint presentation on how to use fractions in everyday life.

Should students require more assistance, they can use the Instructional Worksheet on PowerPoints that has been provided to them.

To begin class, we will engage in a discussion that is similar to an oral KWL chart. Students will be asked what they know about using fractions, what words they know relating to fractions and fraction word problems, what they would like to know about the topic and whether they know the importance of fractions Once student interest has been achieved, the teacher will show a 30 minute video on PBS.org entitled Fraction of a Chance. Students will be required to take notes during this video so that they remain engaged the entire time. Students must have at least 10 bullet-points on their notes, as this will be taken for a grade.

Following the video, students will participate in a Think-Pair-Share. Following this, the entire class will participate in discussing what they have learned from the video.

The PowerPoint presentation assignment will be introduced.

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Prepare the Environment

Prepare the Learner

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Require learner participation

1.

2.

3.

Students will then get into groups and begin doing additional research and/or start working on their PowerPoints (with or without the help of the Instructional Worksheet on PowerPoints).

Students will have 2 class sessions to work on their PowerPoints.

The final class session will be a showcase of each groups’ Fraction PowerPoint.

The lesson objectives will be met via student participation in the PowerPoint activity. Students will be required to work in groups to effectively determine how fractions are used in daily life.

Evaluate and revise

Formative Assessment (Process) Students will always have the opportunity to ask for teacher assistance during their PowerPoint construction. Participation is a must, which is why students are required to take notes during the Fraction of a Chance Video. Not only will this keep students engaged and learning, but will also provide them a foundation for beginning their PowerPoints. Teacher will monitor students as they work in their groups to ensure each student is participating. Students will be able to display their understanding in a few different ways. The Think-Pair-Share discussion will be a great way for students to display that they have learned something from the video. Additionally, students’ oral presentations of their PowerPoints will allow them to display knowledge that isn’t as tangible as a PowerPoint presentation. As part of the rubric for the PowerPoint, the teacher will include a “Working with Others” and “Participation” category for assessment. This will allow the teacher to monitor student work and whether their behavior is appropriate for this classroom setting. As mentioned previously, a rubric will be used to assess student learning for this activity.

Feedback will be provided on the rubric. Should a lower grade be given in any category of the rubric, constructive feedback such as “Try to incorporate more color next time!” or “Always remember to explain your reasoning!” will be provided so that each student understands what they did wrong and how they can improve. Furthermore, if a group or individual student did something great, feedback will be provided in the form of extra encouragement such as “Great Job!” or “I love your use of vocabulary!”

Summative Assessment (Product) For a summative grade, the teacher will complete a rubric for each child based on participation, creativity, accuracy and presentation. Also, a formal grade will be given based on the notes students take from the Fraction of a Chance video. Students are required to have at least 10 bullet-points, which will be the basis for that formal grade. The rubric for the PowerPoint and the completion of the video notes will certainly show the teacher whether the students have learned or not. The depth at which students take notes and also the detail and time they put into their PowerPoints will show whether or not they have how to apply their knowledge of fractions and whether they understand the importance of fractions. I feel as though the assessments administered effectively evaluate student learning, and I truly feel as though there is nothing that could be improved upon as far as assessment is concerned. Students will be able to reflect upon their work and learning by reviewing the feedback that the teacher provided on their rubric. All standards and objectives have been assessed in the provided evaluations. Please see attached rubric to view evaluative criteria.

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Multimedia Project : Fractions for Life PowerPoint Teacher Name: Ms. Katherine Student Name:

________________________________________

CATEGORY Workload/ Participation

Excellent

Good

Average

Poor

The workload is divided and shared equally by all team members.

The workload is divided and shared fairly by all team members, though workloads may vary from person to person.

The workload was divided, but one person in the group is viewed as not doing his/her fair share of the work.

The workload was not divided OR several people in the group are viewed as not doing their fair share of the work.

Oral Presentation

Interesting, wellrehearsed with smooth delivery that holds audience attention.

Relatively interesting, rehearsed with a fairly smooth delivery that usually holds audience attention.

Delivery not smooth, but able to hold audience attention most of the time.

Delivery not smooth and audience attention lost.

Content

Covers topic indepth with details and examples.

Subject knowledge is excellent.

Includes essential knowledge about the topic. Subject knowledge appears to be good.

Includes essential information about the topic but there are 1-2 factual errors.

Content is minimal OR there are several factual errors.

Creativity

Makes excellent use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance the presentation.

Makes good use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance to presentation.

Makes use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. but occasionally these detract from the presentation content.

Use of font, color, graphics, effects etc. but these often distract from the presentation content.

Requirements

All requirements are met and exceeded.

All requirements are met.

One requirement was not completely met.

More than one requirement was not completely met.

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Unit Media Share

A Fraction of a Chance A Fraction of a Chance from PBS Kids’ web show, Cyberspace, is a thirty minute episode on fractions. The setting is in outer space and the characters are creatures that one might imagine existing on a spaceship. The episode is super funny and presents fractions in a relatable way. In fact, my favorite part of this episode is the application of fractions to everyday life. This video would be a great way to entertain students while getting them to learn. A supplemental activity to consider would be having students take notes on the video and list every time a fraction is mentioned. Cyberspace, in general, is a great resource for elementary teachers to have. You can search for videos based on subject and then sort them through topic. In addition to A Fraction of a Chance, Cyberspace has approximately twenty other fraction related videos, all varying in length.

PBS Kids. (Producer). (2013). Cyberspace: A Fraction of a Chance. [PBS Kids Cyberchase]. Retrieved from http://pbskids.org/cyberchase/videos/cyberchase-a-fraction-of-achance-ep-510/ Children’s Fractions This short video provides a great starting point for students who are either struggling with fraction concepts or are just being introduced to them. The video provides shapes and then proceeds to divide them into halves, thirds, fourths, fifths and so on. While this video is not complex in the topics it covers, it does provide a great starting point for beginning learners. The graphics are colorful and the voiceover is to the point. This video will certainly help visual and auditory learners, as they can actually see shapes being divided into fractions. xoaxdotnet. (Producer). (2010). Children’s Fractions. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jYPBdmGoU28 Fraction Basics - Easy & Effective Fractions Tutor Fraction Basics-Easy & Effective Fractions Tutor provides multiple different lessons that students and/or teachers can select to learn about. Topics include: Understanding Fractions, Improper and Mixed Fractions, Equivalent Fractions and Adding Fractions. Each lesson includes audio and visual support as the lesson progresses. Furthermore, the app provides questions to supplement the lesson once the user has completed all of the checkpoints. The interface doesn’t seem blatantly geared towards small children, as there are no bright colors or thrilling graphics.

However, this app does seem like a handy tool to have at home while students do homework—a pocket teacher, if you will. This app is compatible with iPad and iPhone.

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CORE Visual Learning (2014).Fraction Basics-Easy and Effective Fractions Tutor.[iTunes, Free]. Retrieved on [March 1, 2015] from [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/fraction-basics-easy-effective/id404527208?mt=8].

Fractions by Zeebo On CoolMath4Kids’ website, there is a page for fractions. The narrator of all of these fraction lessons is called Zeebo and he walks you through all the processes of fractions. There are seventeen different lessons on fractions including: What are Fractions?, Mixed Numbers, Simplifying Fractions, Mixed Number Fractions and Multiplying/Dividing Fractions. Once students select the lesson they want to go over, it takes you to a page where everything is written down and explained. After students have read everything, they are given practice problems and the answer is revealed after you roll your mouse over the box. I like the interactive aspects of this website and I also think it’s great that students can jump from one lesson to another depending on what specific topics they’re struggling with.

Cool Math. (2014). Fractions by Zeebo. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.coolmath4kids.com/fractions/ Fractions for Kids Fractions for Kids is a website that provides easier fraction games than the two websites mentioned above. All thirty or so games are fairly simple and review basic concepts of fractions.

I feel like this would be a great resource to have for Tier 3 or ELL students. They could have fun reviewing concepts they actually know and aren’t too challenging. This website also has varying themes to the games; some specifically geared towards girls and boys and some geared for much younger children.

Fractions. (2014). Fractions for Kids. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://interactivesites.weebly.com/fractions.html Fractions Games This website is a great thing to have bookmarked on your classroom computers. The only thing on this website is a list of approximately seventy different fraction games varying in difficulty. I love the fact that there are no other links or advertisements that students could get distracted by. I also love the variety of games; there’s something for boys and girls and different types of interest. Soccer Shootout, Salon Matchup, Pizza Fractions and Double Fun Fraction Matching are just a few of the types of games this website provides. If I was teaching a lesson on fractions, I would certainly use this as a reward for my students.

Fractions Games. (2013). Fractions for Kids. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.okaloosa.k12.fl.us/oakhill/fractions.html How to Add Fractions How to Add Fractions is an instructional type of video that shows someone writing on a whiteboard and explaining how to add like and unlike fractions. Before the narrator adds the 101 | P a g e

fractions, she goes in depth describing the fraction with provided graphics. She explains why it’s hard to add unlike fractions and how to find the common denominators. For students struggling with finding common denominators, this would be a great way to review and to present the information in a fresh, new way. The video isn’t very elaborate or entertaining but it does effectively explain a complex topic.

Math Playground. (Host). (2012). How to Add Fractions. [MathPlayground Video].

Retrieved from http://www.mathplayground.com/howto_fractions_diffden.html Learn Fractions the Easy Way Learn Fractions the Easy Way is my favorite source that I’ve found. Though it is long—53 minutes—the amount of information covered and the way that it is presented is incredible.

Topics range from: what is a fraction?, Mixed Numbers, Equivalent Fractions. Reducing Fractions, Improper Fractions, Converting Improper Fractions to Mixed Numbers, Converting Mixed Numbers to Improper Fractions, Which Fraction is Bigger?, Addition of Fractions, Subtraction of Fractions, Adding Fractions with whole and Mixed Numbers, Subtracting Fractions with whole and Mixed Numbers, Multiplying Fractions, Dividing Fractions and Writing Fractions as Decimals. The graphics and the narration are fantastic for elementary level children. The video also provides chances for students to reflect on the information they have just gone over. Furthermore, the information is presented in increasingly difficult order. First, they go over what a fraction is and then work their way up to combining fractions and making them decimals by the end. This is a great video for any teacher to have in their bookmarks. appuseries. (Producer). (2014). Learn Fractions the Easy Way. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6AhN38OR14 Math in English This website provides about one hundred different worksheets on fractions. The worksheets are categorized by topic ranging from What are Fractions? to Simplifying Fractions. Most of the worksheets are quite easy and I feel like this could be a great resource to leave in your Substitute Folder. Additionally, ELL or Tier 3 students would benefit from these review worksheets at their level. Some worksheets, however, have about twenty to thirty different problems on them, which teachers could use as a test or as a review for Advanced students. At any rate, this website is a great resource for Math teachers.

Math in English. (2013). Fraction Worksheets. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.mathinenglish.com/worksheetsfractions.php Math Magic: The Fractionator Math Magic: The Fractionator is a clever and entertaining video provided by PBS Kids’ Cyberchase, as mentioned above. The video starts out with a goofy magician introducing himself on stage to a group of people. He then proceeds to do intriguing magic tricks based on fractions.

He uses a banana and volunteers from the audience to divide the banana into certain fractions.

The video is really hilarious and has silly humor to it. I feel like this would be a great Brain Break video where students would be so busy laughing that they wouldn’t know they’re learning.

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PBS Kids. (Producer). (2013). Math Magic: The Fractionator. [PBS Kids Cyberchase].

Retrieved from http://pbskids.org/cyberchase/videos/cyberchase-math-magic-the-fractionator/ MathPlay: Fractions This webpage from Math Play provides a list of about 20 different fraction games that students can choose from. Some games are based around baseball, outer space, soccer, Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, Jeopardy, and football. I feel like these games would be super fun to play as a class or in small groups. The only drawback of this specific website is that there are numerous links to other pages on Math Play on the sidebar. I feel like this presents the potential for distractions, but I suppose that if the links are just taking students to another math concept, it couldn’t hurt for them to explore.

Math Play. (2012). Fractions. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.math-play.com/math-fractions-games.html Oh No Fractions!

Oh No Fractions! is an app developed for 9-11 year-olds learning about fractions. You can pick from different operations you want to do with fractions, such as add, multiply, compare and subtract. Two fractions pop up on either side of the screen and the student must select the correct answer from the given choices that are floating around in the middle of the two fractions.

Another wonderful feature of this app is the visual aids that it provides for each pair of fractions.

Rectangular shapes are filled in with each corresponding fraction so that students can easily compare the two. The colors and sound effects will definitely keep students interested. This app is compatible with iPad and iPhone.

Curious Hat Labs, (2014).Oh No Fractions!.[iTunes, Free]. Retrieved on [March 1, 2015] from [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/oh-no-fractions!-curious-hat/id593418681?mt=8].

Pizza Fractions 1 , 2 & 3 Pizza Fractions 1, 2 and 3 provide a fun and differentiated way for students to quickly review fraction skills. There are three separate apps and they are leveled by ability level; 1 being the lowest—and cheapest—2 being intermediate and 3 being advanced. This is a fantastic way to allow all of your students the opportunity to play and have fun. In Pizza Fractions 1, students are challenged to select the correct fraction based on the picture of a pizza. Pizza Fractions 2 asks students to compare like and unlike fractions and identify the simplest form of a fraction. Pizza Fractions 3 asks the same things that #2 does, but uses harder fractions that require more critical thinking. All of the versions provide a timer and correct answers so that students can reflect on their progress. This app is compatible with iPad and iPhone.

West, Brian, (2010).Pizza Fractions 1, 2 & 3.[iTunes, Free/0.99]. Retrieved on [March 1, 2015] from [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/pizza-fractions-1/id374084320?mt=8].

Slice Fractions

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Slice Fractions is a super fun, super addictive way to get students excited about fractions.

Students slice through ice and lava to create fractions and clear the path for the mammoth character. As players progress through each pre-historic themed puzzle, they’ll go from slicing blocks of ice in halves and quarters to figuring out how to work with equivalent fractions. The app’s interface also provides a great way to practice fine motor skills. The price is definitely worth it, if the students are getting excited to play with math. This app is compatible with iPad and iPhone.

Ululab, (2014).Slice Fractions.[iTunes, 3.99]. Retrieved on [March 1, 2015] from [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/slice-fractions/id794730213?mt=8].

Tiny Fraction Tiny Fraction is a cute, colorful app that challenges students to create a fraction from a vial of liquid. The difficulty level of the game is adaptive and as students master the simpler fractions, questions with a higher level of difficulty are presented. The price may seem a bit high, but 3 other fraction tutorial apps are included in the “bundle” so that students can review their skills.

This app is compatible with iPad and iPhone.

Tap to Learn Software, (2013).Tiny Fraction.[iTunes, 4.99]. Retrieved on [March 1, 2015] from [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/tiny-fractions/id570161866?mt=8].

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Kelsey Kittrell Unit Rationale â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Understanding Cells In this unit fourth grade students will develop an understanding of cells. This unit is designed to teach students about the different parts of a cell and their role in the body. Students may have difficulty understanding this topic because cells are microscopic and are inside of the body where they cannot be seen to the human. It is important for fourth graders to learn about cells and cell structure because they are the building blocks of all living things. In order to accommodate all types of learners, the unit will incorporate videos, lecture, and hands on activities. Students will be looking into a microscope and learning about the different parts of a cell. Students will not only learn about cell structure, but they will also learn about cell functions. The learners will then create a picture of both types of cells in a hands on activity. Knowledge of cells is important for students to know because their bodies contain close to 37 trillion cells. Students will be able to look at their bodies in a whole new way and will have a little better understanding of how their bodies functions every day. Cells are also beneficial for students to learn about because when they are deciding on a career this will be information that could help them decide if they want to go into a science/ medical based field.

Studying and understanding cells is a learning expectation covered under the Tennessee State Standards for Science 1.0.

GLE 0407.1.1 Recognize that cells are the building blocks of all living things.

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Present.Me Tutorial: http://present.me/view/264844-tellemin10-presentation Opening Commercial: 4_Cells.mp3 Glogster: http://kkittrell.edu.glogster.com/cells-glog/

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ASSURE Lesson Plan Template Cells Name: Kelsey Kittrell Duration of Lesson: 45 minutes

Analyze learners

Subject Area(s): Science Grade Level: 4th

The learners are enrolled at Guild Elementary in Gallatin, Tennessee. This is a 4 th grade class with students ranging from 5 to 6 years of age. There are 20 students in this class, 8 males and 12 females. Only one student in the class is an ELL student. All of the students in this class speak in complete sentences and in clear English except the one ELL student. These studentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s academic English levels have been determined through formative and summative assessments. One student has a 504 plan and I will assist her in reading any instructions in order to accommodate her needs. There are a large number of low SES students in this class. There are 3 Hispanic students, 5 African American students, 1 Caucasian and African American mixed student, and 11 Caucasian students.

Curriculum Competencies Based on previous lessons, the students should know what prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells are. Students should know the key differences between plant and animal cells. They should also have prior knowledge of photosynthesis, organelle names, and other cell vocabulary words.

Technology Competencies Through prior lessons and experience students should know how to properly operate an Ipad.

State & NETS*S objectives

State Standard: GLE 0407.1.1 Recognize that cells are the building blocks of all living things.

ISTE Standard: Standard 3 Research and Information Fluency

Behavioral Objective: The student will complete research on the structure of plant and animal cells using the app iCell.

Language Objective: The students will take notes while researching plant and animal cells on the app. They will use these notes to write 1 paragraph about cells. They will be required to use academic language from the vocabulary words from the unit. ď ś Vocabulary Words:

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Select instructional methods, media, and materials

Prokaryotic, eukaryotic, organelles, cytoplasm, chloroplast, cell membrane, cell wall, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies, mitochondrion, nucleus, ribosome, vacuole, vesicles, lysosomes The first two sentences will be about two organelles from a plant cell and what they learned about those two organelles. The next two sentences will be about two organelles from a plant cell and what they learned about those organelles.

The last sentence will be about which organelle fascinated them the most.

Curriculum Materials:  30 sheets of lined paper (student centered)  25 sharpened pencils (student centered)  2 pencil sharpeners (student and teacher centered)  1 red pen (teacher centered)  1 white board (teacher centered)  1 pack of multicolored dry erase markers (teacher centered) Technology Materials  1 iPad with YouTube and iCell installed (teacher centered)  20 iPads with iCell installed and open (student centered)  Projector (teacher centered)  Projector screen (teacher centered) HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology. (September 11, 2013). iCell. [GooglePlay, Free]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.hudsonalpha.icell&hl=en

Utilize media and materials

Preview the Materials  I will watch the YouTube video before class to insure that it has appropriate content.  I will test the YouTube video before using it to make sure that it is working.  I will check the projector before class begins to make sure that it is working properly.  I will also open the app and make sure that it is still accessible and has appropriate information.

Prepare the Materials  I will make sure that all 21 iPads are charged up and ready for the class to use.  I will make sure that all pencils are sharpened and ready for student’s writing assignment.  I will also have extra lined paper for students who need more.  I will also check to make sure that all iPads have iCell installed on them and that the app is pulled up and ready for use.

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Prepare the Environment  I will have the desks arranged in groups of 4.  The lights will be turned off for the beginning of the lesson.  There will be a stack of extra paper on the side counter.  Students will have pencils in tubs at their desks.  There will be one iPad sitting on each student’s desk.

Prepare the Learners  I will prepare the learners for the use of the new app by doing a tutorial of the app on the projector screen.  I will also prepare them by giving intensive instruction on what is expected of them and what their research should contain.  The students will be prepared for the lesson because they have prior experience using iPads in class.  The students will also be prepared for the lesson because they have done research in previous lessons.  I will go over the research rubric with the class before they begin their research, so that they will know what is expected of them.

Students will grab an iPad and return to their desk. They will turn on the iPad Require and click on the iCell app. The students will then hit the start button and begin learner participation exploring plant cells. After that then they will go back to the menu and click on animal cells to explore those as well. Then they will take notes about what they learned from each cell diagram. Lastly, they will write one paragraph about what they learned. This activity will be completely solely by the students. They will be using the iCell app on the iPads to complete research about plant and animal cells. They will use the app to learn about the different organelles and the similarities and difference between plant cells and animal cells. The students will accomplish technology standard 3 by completing research on cells using the iCell app. They will learn about cells and the composition of cells, which accomplished the state standard GLE 0407.1.1.

Evaluate and revise

Formative Assessment (Process): As the students are exploring plant cells and animal cells in the iCell app, I will be walking around observing their research. I will be checking to see that the students are on task and properly using the app. If a student seems to be struggling to use the app then I will personally re- explain the instructions. Then I will also take them back to the main menu and instruct them to watch the tutorial instructions on the app. I will also be observing to see that the students are taking proper notes on what they are learning from the app. If I see that a student is not taking proper notes then I will prompt them to look at the board 109 | P a g e

to see what they will be writing on after their research. This may help the student to guide their note taking. As a growing teacher I will be taking anecdotal notes as the students are working. I will be writing down what is working and what may need to be changed for the next time that I teach this lesson. Lastly, I will have the students to write down their feedback on a sticky note. I will instruct them to write down their thoughts about the app. I will prompt them by saying they can write about what they liked about the app, disliked the about the app, or if they have any suggestions for improving the assignment they can write all of this feedback on their sticky note.

Summative Assessment (Product): Students will be required to write one paragraph about what they learned from the app. The first two sentences should include information about two organelles from a plant cell. The next two sentences should include what they learned about two organelles from an animal cell. The last sentence in the paragraph should explain what organelle they found most interesting. This writing assessment will show what they students learned and it will show me that they were able to accurately use the app to research a topic and write about what they found. The students will also be given a rubric prior to start of their research so that they may know what is expected of them.

This assessment is aligned with the state standard GLE 0407.1.1 and ISTEâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s standard number 3.

ď ś The rubric below will be used for grading the summative assessment.

Research Report : Cell research writing rubric

Teacher Name: Ms. Kittrell

Student Name: ________________________________________ CATEGORY Organization

10-9 points Information is organized in the correct manner.

8-6 points Information is organized, but may have a sentence out of order.

5-3 points Some of the information is in the correct order.

2-0 points The information is given in the incorrect order.

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Mechanics

No grammatical, spelling or punctuation errors.

Quality of Information

Information clearly relates to the topic given.

Internet Use

Notes

Feedback

A few grammatical spelling, or punctuation errors.

Many grammatical, spelling, or punctuation errors.

Information clearly relates to the topic given, but may be slightly off topic.

Successfully Usually able used app to to use app to find info. and find info. and navigated navigated within the within the app easily. app easily.

The student The student was using the was usually app using the app appropriately. appropriately.

Notes are Notes are recorded and recorded organized in legibly and an extremely are neat and somewhat orderly organized. fashion.

Information somewhat relates to the topic.

Information has little or nothing to do with the topic given.

Occasionally able to use app to find info. and navigated within the app easily. Student was often found using the app inappropriately.

Needs assistance or supervision to use app and/or to navigate within the app.

Student used the app inappropriately.

Notes are recorded, but some were off topic or unorganized.

No notes were recorded.

Feedback is useable, and information was mostly related to the app.

Feedback was not one sentence and was only somewhat related to the app.

No feedback or feedback that was unrelated to the app.

Feedback has at least one sentence and includes what you thought about the app.

Almost no grammatical, spelling or punctuation errors

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Unit Media Share

Animal Cell Structure This micro.magnet.fsu.edu website titled â&#x20AC;&#x153;Animal Cell Structureâ&#x20AC;? would be a good resource for teachers to refresh the memories on cells before teaching the topic. This website only covers animal cells, but it is more detailed in its descriptions of the parts of the animal cell and its processes. Students could use this for a research project if they were looking for information about animal cells. This page gives the reader a very detailed diagram of an animal cell as well as a list of detailed definitions. There are also tabs that they can click on that will show them a diagram of what is needed to be able to see different items. This will put in perspective how small the cell really is because the diagram shows that it cannot be seen with the human eye and that you must have a lighted microscope in order to see them.

Davidson, Michael. (2015). Molecular Expressions. [Website]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/animalcell.html Animals Cells Structure & Functions Animation Video for Kids This video would be a great resource for teachers to use in their classroom to explain cells. This video could be used as an introduction to the topic or as a review. It could also be useful for students to watch this at home to review what they learned about cells in class. The video takes the cell and shows how many cells form tissues, tissues form organs, organs form organ systems, and organ systems make up our bodies. It also explains who cells, food, and energy are connected. This video is only 4 minutes and 17 seconds long which is a perfect amount of time for fourth graders. If the video was too long then they would lose interest and become bored.

Having a video to go over what the students may have read will help all students but it will be most beneficial to the auditory learners.

Makemegenius. (producer). (2013). Animals Cells and Functions Animation Video for Kids. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MfopLilIOeA Cell and Cell Structure Cell and Cell Structure is a great app for students to practice and review what they have learned in class about cells. This app is get for students because it has: word searches, videos of cells under a microscope, practice quizzes, and flash cards. This app covers information on: cells, cell structures, the cell life cycle, individual organelles, and cell functions. This app could be used by students in the classroom to practice what they have learned about cells. It is compatible with

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ipad and requires iOS 6.0 or later. The current version has 3.5 stars out of 4. The app is available on iTunes for $2.99.

Emantras. (March 4, 2014). Cell and Cell Structure. [iTunes, 2.99]. Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/cell-and-cell-structure/id452499575?mt=8 Cell Structure and Function The video titled “Cell Structure and Function” is a great resource for teachers to use as an instructional resource in their science classroom. This is because it not only talks about the different organelles in a cell, but it also describes all of the cell processes and functions. It tells what each part of the cells job is and how the cell works together like a factory. This video is able to go in great depth and yet manages to only be 9 minutes and 6 seconds in length. The video has written notes, pictures, and a narrator. The written words on the screen would help students when they are note taking while watching the video. It would be best suited for visual and auditory learners. Teachers could also tell students to watch this at home for study material.

Wanakscience. (producer). (2012). Cell Structure and Function. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g4L_QO4WKtM Cells Word Wall Visual This teacherspayteachers.com website titled “Cells Word Wall Visual, Spanish/ English with Root, Suffixes & Prefixes” is a great website and resource for teachers who are teaching a lesson cells. This website gives teachers access to materials that they can use in their classrooms. The information does cost $5 and can be conveniently digitally downloaded to the teacher’s computer. There is a preview feature so that the teacher may look at what the bundle includes before they purchase it. The creator of this material has a review of 4 out of 4 on this website.

Students will benefit from the information found on this site because it includes a word wall for the teacher’s classroom. It includes over 50 cell oriented vocabulary words. The words include all of the cell organelles and the cell processes. An added bonus is that the word wall cards come with English and Spanish on them. This can be helpful with ELL students in the classroom. Each vocabulary card includes a picture along with the word. This will be helpful for all students to be able to go to the word wall in the classroom and see the picture that goes with the word. This website is very useful for teachers and has activities for almost every subject and grade level in schools.

Getting Nerdy. (2014). Visual Cells and Cell Processes Word Wall. [Website]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Cells-Word-WallVisual-SpanishEnglish-with-Roots-Suffixes-Prefixes-1475593 Cell World Cell World takes students into a eukaryotic cell and is set up like a game which is good for entertaining students as they learn. This app has active visuals that are very eye appealing with vibrant colors. This app is best for elementary students learning about cells in science. It could be used by a teacher on a tablet I the classroom or by a student at home, if possible. It has an audio option, which will read the cell descriptions aloud. This would be helpful to young students who need help with their reading. This app is rich with cell vocabulary words and has great 3D 113 | P a g e

images for students. The app has a rating of 4.4 out of 5 stars. It is free to download and is compatible with android systems that are 2.3 and up.

V.I.E.W. (May 4, 2014). Cell World. [GooglePlay, Free]. Retrieved on Feruary 28, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.VIEW.CellWorld&rdid=com.VIEW.CellWor ld Comparison of Plant and Animal Cells The website waynesword.palomar.edu has an article titled “Comparison of Plant and Animal Cells” that would be a great resource for students to use at home. Students could use this website as a study tool, to review what they learned about cells in class. There is a diagram of a plant cell and animal cell. Each diagram includes labels pointing to the different parts of the cells. Another benefit to the students is the list of definitions on the website that are listed under the diagrams.

Every word labeled on the diagrams is listed at the bottom of the page with its definition. There is also a red or green box placed with the word to tell you that it is only present in a plant cell or only present in an animal cell. Another important component to this website is the extra information on topics such as RNA and osmosis. This would be helpful to fast learners who are curious and ready to learn more about cells.

Armstrong, W.P. (2015). Wayne's Word. [Website]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from http://waynesword.palomar.edu/index.htm iCell iCell is an app that would be good for students to use on an android tablet in class or at home, if possible. The most useful part of this app is that there are 3 different text difficulties with ever organelle description. Students can choose from basic, intermediate, and advanced. The other really awesome feature to this app is the 3D diagrams of the different types of cells. Students can interact with the app by zooming in on the cell and zoom in to get a closer look at individual parts of the cells. It includes diagrams and descriptions for plant, animal, and bacteria cells. It has a rating of 4.1 stars out of 5. This is an android app that requires the 2.0 system and up. It is also to the teacher and student’s advantage that the app is free to download.

HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology. (September 11, 2013). iCell. [GooglePlay, Free]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.hudsonalpha.icell&hl=en Journey into the Cell This video would be a great resource for teaching cells in a fourth grade classroom. It would be more entertaining to students because it is more like a short movie and is only 4 minutes and 37 seconds long. This will keep them interested and not lose their attention. It is different from other videos because it is not just showing a still picture of a cell. It moves through the body as if all of the different processes in action. Teachers could use this as an introduction to a unit. It could also be used for something different like a middle strategy in a Tell’em in 10 PowerPoint.

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Drjacademia. (Producer). (2011). Journey into the Cell. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJEfeXU3f24 Plant Cell Structure This video focused heavily on plant cells instead of animal cells. This would be helpful for students to recognize the differences and similarities in the two different types of cells. The teacher in the video uses three different models of plant cells to demonstrate how the inside of the plant cell could be portrayed differently depending on your source. She took each example and pointed out all of the major organelles which would be important for students to know. She pointed out that the green areas where chloroplasts and that those and the cell wall are only found in plant cells. When beginning to learn about cells and the different types of cells, this video could be helpful. This could be used by a teacher in the classroom to specifically talk about plant cells.

ColleyBiology. (producer). (2013). Plant Cell Structure. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGF1mjfOLfw Quia The website named quia.com is a great resource for teachers and students. This website is for creating study tools as well as creating online quizzes for your students. The teacher can set up a free 30 day trail of the website and create a class site. As a teacher you can create activities for your class that have information from the lesson on cells in it. Activities that you can create are flashcards, battleship, and word searches. The website will show you’re a report of your student’s quiz grades and will archive student’s results. You don’t have to create your own cell related activities with this site because it gives you access to ones that were made by other teachers. This site is useful for students because this would give them a way to quiz themselves at home to prepare for real assessments in the classroom. This could also help them to review cell vocabulary words in a fun and entertaining way. This site is designed to help teachers reach all types of learners.

IXL Learning. (2015). Quia. [Website]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from http://www.quia.com/web Quizlet Quizlet is an app that is designed to assist in studying. Students can take their notes on cells and type them into the app. Then it will make flash cards, quizzes, and games out of the notes that the student typed in. Students can download this app onto their phones and quiz themselves in their free time instead of playing other games. This would be a great device for teachers to recommend to their students for studying before a quiz. It has the ability to make a game out of the student’s notes and will time them. It will keep up with their time and they can try and beat their previous time. Quizlet is available to all students because there is a website version as well as an app version for iPhones, iPads, and android devices. Once a student downloads the app, they will create an account. Then they can search a topic, like cells, and the app will bring up quizlets that have been created by other students that have the app. This tool is great for older

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elementary students all the way up to college students. It is an added bonus that this app is free to download and it is free to create an account.

Quizlet LLC. (February 13, 2015). Quizlet. [iTunes, Free]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/quizlet-flashcards-study-tools/id546473125?mt=8 The Cell Song “The Cell Song” video is a very useful tool for teaching cells to young students. This is because it is song with a melody and this will help the students to remember the material. The video will be good for the auditory learners because the man is singing the words and telling them about the different parts of the cell. The video is also good for visual learners because the words are on the screen as he sings them. There are also pictures of the two different types of cells in the video and arrows pointing to the parts of the cells as he sings about them. This tool would be a great resource for teachers to use as an introduction to a unit on cells.

Sciencemusicvideos. (producer). (2011). The Cell Song. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rABKB5aS2Zg Tutor Vista The website tutor vista has free online tutors to help students any time of day with many different subjects. They have a page titled “Animal Cell” that has a definition of what an animal cell is. It also has a comparison of an animal cell to a plant cell. This site has a diagram of an animal cell and a list of cell vocabulary words with their definitions. There is also a description of the functions of an animal cell. This site could be a very useful tool for a student who needs some extra help with cells. The tutor can help you at any time of the day or night. They can have a live chat with the student and even direct the student to a white board where they work on practice questions. The student does have the option to not respond to the tutor and to just read or study the information provided on the site.

NCS Pearson. (2014). Tutor Vista. [Website]. Retreived on February 27, 2015 from http://biology.tutorvista.com/animal-and-plant-cells/animal-cell.html Virtual Cell Animations Virtual Cell Animations is an app that includes quizzes, cell images and animations, and a narrator. It could be used on an ipad in a classroom or by a student at home, if possible. They would have access to modules that would show them different cell processes such as: cell respiration, meiosis, mitosis, photosynthesis. The descriptions are simplified which will be of benefit to students who are learning about cells for the first time. This app would be a great study guide for a student because they can visually see the cell and its inner workings. It also has extra details about proteins and RNA which students would learn after learning about basic cell structure. That would help them to study ahead of time. This app is free on iTunes and requires iOS 4.3 or later. It is compatible with iPhones, iPads, and iPod touches.

VCell Productions. (December 17, 2013). Virtual Cell Animations. [iTunes, Free].

Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/virtual-cellanimations/id427893931?mt=8 116 | P a g e

Carlie Lake Unit Rationale – Early Explorers This unit plan is intended to develop students’ understanding of the early explorations of America in the 15th and 16th centuries. It is important for the students to comprehend and appreciate the people and important events that took place during the establishment of our country. Students will be studying maps and journals of the routes and logs of Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, Amerigo Vespucci, Robert de La Salle, Hernando de Soto, Henry Hudson, and Jacques Cartier. Research projects, constructing physical models of ships, student made maps, and field trips to historical sites are all possible instructional activities to advance learning throughout the unit. Questions will be addressed such as, “What was the duration of each exploration?” “What kind of difficulties did the explorers face?” “What kind of influence did their travels have on society at the time?” “How does their work effect us today?”

This unit is important because students should understand the early history of our country and the influence that even one person can have on the world. The bravery, determination, and adventure that the explorers demonstrated are important qualities that the students should be aware of in others and learn to model themselves.

Age of Exploration (15th-16th Centuries) Students trace the routes of early explorers and describe the early explorations of the Americas.

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4.4 Trace the routes of early explorers and describe the early explorations of the Americas, including: (C, E, G, H, P, TN) • Christopher Columbus

• Hernando de Soto

• Ferdinand Magellan

• Henry Hudson

• Amerigo Vespucci

• Jacques Cartier

• Robert de La Salle 4.6 Create a graphic organizer identifying the five different countries (France, Spain, Portugal, England, and the Netherlands) that influenced different regions of the present United States at the time the New World was being explored, and describe how their influence can be traced to place names. (G) Present.Me Tutorial: http://present.me/view/261173-tellemin10-my-unit Opening Commercial: 4_EarlyExplorers.mp3 Glogster: http://carlielake.edu.glogster.com/early-exploration/

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Assure Lesson Plan

Bon Voyage Name: Carlie Lake Duration of Lesson: 2 hours

Subject: Social Studies Grade: 4th

Analyze Learners Park Avenue Elementary School is located in Nashville in the Sylvan Heights area. The school’s vision is as follows: “Park Avenue Enhanced Option Elementary School stands on the belief that all children have a unique and special greatness within them. Through hard work, a commitment to excellence, a dedication to learning, and the support of a caring family and community, this greatness can be achieved”.

The school demographics are as follows; the number of females and males are relatively even, the student population is 97. 8 % Black, and the next largest group is Caucasian at 1.7%. There are 97.6% of the students who are a part of the free/reduced price lunch program. General school attendance is good at 94.9% (information found at http://www.parkavenues.mnps.org/Page20822.aspx) During the day, students are placed in inclusive classrooms where they are privileged to learn alongside their diverse peers, a specific teacher provides English learning assistance, and mentors and tutors are available for children who need individualized instruction. All of the traditional subject classes are implemented throughout instruction including: reading, mathematics, and English language arts. The other areas of academia such as science, social studies, health, physical education, music, arts, and social skills are all incorporated into the lessons of the core subjects.

The students in this specific 4th grade class are all of African American Ethnicity except one boy in the morning group who is Hispanic and another in the afternoon group who is Caucasian. Most of the students are on grade level with the exception of three or four who are just below the cutoff. None of the students have been given an IEP or identified as an ELL at this time.

Number of Students in Class: 17 (morning group) & 18 (afternoon group) Males: 10 Females: 7 (morning group) Males: 9 Females: 9 (afternoon group)

As third graders the students were required to learn all about world geography. Some of the specific 119 | P a g e

CCSS and that affect this specific lesson areSocial Studies 3.1 Process and report information identifying, locating, comparing, and contrasting the major continents and oceans: North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Australia, Asia, Antarctica, Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, and Southern using maps, globes, and other technologies.

3.2 Interpret maps and globes using common terms, including country, region, mountain, hemisphere, latitude, longitude, north pole, south pole, equator, time zones, elevation, approximate distances in miles, isthmus, and strait.

3.3 Use cardinal directions, map scales, legends, titles, and longitude and latitude to locate major cities and countries in the world.

Prior technology competencies  

Ability to use a computer to research Proficient typing and mouse use skills Familiarity with the Power Point program

State & NETS*S Objectives State Standards:

NETS*S Standards:

Social Studies, 4.4 Trace the routes of early explorers and describe the early explorations of the Americas, including: (C, E, G, H, P, TN)

4. Critical thinking, problem solving, and decision making

• Christopher Columbus • Ferdinand Magellan • Amerigo Vespucci • Robert de La Salle

Students use critical thinking skills to plan and conduct research, manage projects, solve problems, and make informed decisions using appropriate digital tools and resources. b. Plan and manage activities to develop a solution or complete a project

• Hernando de Soto • Henry Hudson • Jacques Cartier

“I can describe early explorations of the Americas by creating an online story book using the website www.mystorybook.com !”

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Key Academic Terms: navigation, explorers, voyage, investors, sail, map, motivation, impact, route, compass, courageous, discovery, represent, adventure, age of exploration, ship, captain, crew

Select Instructional Methods, Media, and Materials Teacher Centered Materials:     

Smart board Rubric Elmo Computer (with working internet) Website to show students an example

MyStorybook.com - Free Storybook Making Online.

(2014, January 1). Retrieved April 26, 2015, from http://www.mystorybook.com



Youtube (for mini lesson)

Samuel Arnold [Host] (2014, May 21st) History Comes Alive: Age of Exploration [Video File] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpXRvfdy9VE

Student Centered Materials:       

Paper Pencils Checklist Social Studies Textbook 9 Computers (with working internet) Sheet with approved websites the students may us for research Mobile App for game/activity

GAMeS Lab at RU (August 16th, 2013) European Exploration: The Age of Discovery [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/europeanexploration-age-discovery/id393625741?mt=8



Mobile App for student research

Multieducator Inc (October 3rd, 2012) EXPLORERS: The Story of Exploration of the Americas From Before Columbus to Cartier [iTunes, $0.99] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/explorers-storyexploration/id562708507?mt=8



Website to create a storybook

MyStorybook.com - Free Storybook Making Online.

(2014, January 1). Retrieved April 26, 2015, from http://www.mystorybook.com

Utilize Media and Materials 121 | P a g e

Preview all materials: make sure all computers are running properly and have working Internet, watch YouTube video prior to the lesson, and preview all websites and apps for age appropriateness Prepare all materials: print off the proper number of checklists and rubrics (at least nine of each), on day of lesson turn on all computers so they are ready and waiting for students, create and paste login codes for each pair at their computers, turn on smart board and open first link needed (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpXRvfdy9VE}, check to confirm there is plenty of sharpened pencils and paper on the work materials shelf for taking notes Prepare the environment: move desks so that they are positioned two by two and label each pair of chairs 1-9 (each pair of students will then take their chairs to the computer desk when it is time), slightly dim lights so smart board can be easily seen Prepare the learners: as the learners enter the classroom they will be given a slip of paper with a number on it based on previously decided pairings and they will sit at the pair of desks that coincide with their number. Beginning the lesson sitting next to their teammate will encourage collaboration and support from the start.

Provide the learning experience: 1. Open with online mini lesson â&#x20AC;&#x153;History Comes Alive Part 2: Technologyâ&#x20AC;?

2. Allow students to ask any questions regarding the video 3. Give a small tutorial of the MyStorybook website (explain how to use it, specific features, and expectation of student use) 4. Have students take notes of any specific aspects of the site they find interesting or still have questions about 5. Allow students to ask questions or clarify 6. As a group, hang the notes on the wall behind the computers as a self made resource for the students to reference during their project 7. Assign each pair of students a specific explorer- either Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, Amerigo Vespucci, Robert de La Salle, Hernando de Soto, Henry Hudson, or Jacques Cartier 8. Provide them with a checklist of the components required in their final storybook project (tell them to make check marks next to each part they include), and project the final rubric at the front of the room for further clarification of necessary details.

9. Pass out the approved list of websites they may use during research and also confirm that each pair of students has a history textbook to reference as well

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Require Learner Participation 1. Following the teacher led learning experience, move to the computer that coincides with your group number 2. Log onto www.myStorybook.com with class ID provided at desk 3. Use the rest of the period to plan, research on the computer, organize information, and create your online storybook (teacher will be available for questions and support throughout) 4. Prior to finishing, have a mini conference with your team and the teacher to gauge if you are on track and/or have any specific questions

Evaluate and Revise Formative Assessment: Following the video, students will have the opportunity to ask and answer questions; this will allow the teacher to see which students are showing comprehension of the material. The teacher will also be able to observe who demonstrated good listening skills and took good notes during the MyStorybook tutorial when notes are hung on the classroom wall as a tool during the project. The checklist that students are given as an outline will be the studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; way of evaluating themselves as they work. As they write their storybook and add the information, they are asked to put check marks by each component as they add it. If a checkmark is missing assume they did not include that information in their project and need to be reminded or encouraged to double check and be as thorough as possible.

While the students are collaborating, the teacher will be circulating throughout the room making notes on which students are staying on task and working efficiently and effectively together. The mini conferences that will take place before the storybooks are complete will provide the opportunity for feedback and support.

Summative Assessment: The summative assessment will be the student pairâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s final storybook and will be graded using a rubric. Points will be given based on the following areas: details, accuracy, completeness, attractiveness, and member participation and attitude. Each student will be given his/her own rubric and evaluation. None of the current students have IEPâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s or are identified as a student with special needs; so all evaluation will be done with no modifications. The storybook project with the rubric assesses all State Standard objectives as well as NETS*S objectives that are included in this lesson.

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Product and Self Evaluation: As a small exit ticket for the day, students will be given a card on which they will rank their overall experience, myStorybook website, computer use, and enjoyment. As a teacher it is also important to self evaluate. Journaling about the lesson afterwards can serve as a reminder of the areas of the lesson that worked well and those that did not. Evaluating the entire myStorybook experience is also important in order to decide and share if the website should be used again or avoided in the future.

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Exit Ticket- rate each category by circling one of the numbers

Excellent

Good

Fair

Poor

Bad

Overall Experience

5

4

3

2

1

myStorybook website

5

4

3

2

1

Use of computer

5

4

3

2

1

Enjoyment of project

5

4

3

2

1

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Unit Media Share

Age of Exploration “Hit the Seas” Age of Exploration “Hit the Seas” is a three-minute rap video that has graphics and lyrics explaining aspects of the Age of Exploration. It includes details on explorers, ship life, the oceans and stars, motivations, and common beliefs of that time. Along with the video, there are challenge questions, an interactive lyric page, and fill in the blanks. All of these are great resources to help students apply what they hear and assess whether or not they are comprehend the information. The catchy lyric and tune can help students to memorize the material and pinpoint what they have not quite mastered yet.

Flocabulary (2015) Age of Exploration “Hit the Seas” [Video File] Retrieved from https://www.flocabulary.com/age-of-exploration/ American History: From the Explorers Through the Civil War American History: From the Explorers Through the Civil War app covers America’s complete history, but has a specific section of information on the explorers and their expeditions.

There are video presentations, documents, pictures, interactive stimuli, and quizzes as well that the teacher can utilize. All of these features will aid students’ development in their knowledge of the explorers, the countries they were from, and the influence it had on America as it developed.

It is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch and requires iOS 4.3 or later.

Multieducator Inc (January 10th, 2014) American History: From the Explorers Through the Civil War [iTunes, $9.99] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/american-history-from-explorers/id609520751?mt=8 Christopher Columbus The two-minute video “Christopher Columbus” gives a quick overview of Columbus’ ideas, supporters, and reasons the sailing was more difficult than everyone thought. The narrator of the clip uses a fair amount of academic language, which is important for students to hear and learn. This video could be a great way to introduce Christopher Columbus to a class and foster questions and discussion.

Discovery (2015) Christopher Columbus [Video File] Retrieved from http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/other-shows/videos/assignment-discovery-christophercolumbus/ Columbus and The Age of European Explorers 125 | P a g e

Columbus and The Age of European Explorers app has detailed information on the explorers, their motivations, their voyages, and an overall picture of the world at that point in time. It is designed in a simple to understand colorful format that includes maps, timelines, and student activities. All of the content is organized into categories based on grade and skill levels which allows for ease of use for teachers and specifically designed content to connect with the students. It is compatible with an iPad with iOS 6.1 or later.

TimeMaps (November 10th, 2013) Columbus and The Age of European Explorers [iTunes, $2.99] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/columbus-age-european-explorers/id705229063?mt=8 Comic- Middle Ages, Silk Road, and Exploration The video Comic-Middle Ages, Silk Road, and Exploration is a simple six minute video giving an overview of English exploration and what the world looked like at the time. Basic pictures are provided but the only audio is simple background music with no words. A teacher could play this for his/her class while teaching a lesson and go into more detail as it plays. It seems geared towards younger grades based on graphics, speed of presentation, and basic content displayed.

DerrJenn86 [Host] (2011, December 4th) Comic- Middle Ages, Silk Road, and Exploration [Video File] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NWwbSnIb6mU Early Voyages of Exploration 1492-1609 This webpage displays a clearly pictured map with icons of eight different explorers listed at the bottom. If the icons are clicked a moving arrow draws the routes of that explorer; this is followed by an informational box that pops up giving more information on each voyage.

It is simple and would need to be accompanied with other materials, but for a visual learner it could be a very effective way to help he/she to grasp the actual routes the explorers made.

Pearson (2015) Early Voyages of Exploration 1492-1609 [Website] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from http://www.phschool.com/atschool/ahon/history_interactive/mvl1021/common_player.html European Exploration: The Age of Discovery European Exploration: The Age of Discovery app is a free interactive game that allows users to build ships, send out their own crews on expeditions, and make discoveries around the world. Students will become familiar with the reality of hardships at sea, exploration academic language, general geography, and the excitement of making discoveries. Interactively playing the role of the explorer and understanding their impact with further student learning. This app is compatible with iPad and requires iOS 4.3 or later.

GAMeS Lab at RU (August 16th, 2013) European Exploration: The Age of Discovery [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/europeanexploration-age-discovery/id393625741?mt=8

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EXPLORERS: The Story of Exploration of the Americas From Before Columbus to Cartier EXPLORERS: The Story of Exploration of the Americas From Before Columbus to Cartier app focuses on many of the specific explorers involved in the European explorations.

Each explorerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s section includes their own biography, a 1-3 minute video, maps that coincide with their expeditions, a primary source document, and an overall summary. All of these aspects will help the students to clearly learn the details of each individual with visual and audio support.

Teachers can use this to focus on each explorer or as a device to have students gain more knowledge and information themselves. This app is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch and requires iOS 5.1 or later.

Multieducator Inc (October 3rd, 2012) EXPLORERS: The Story of Exploration of the Americas From Before Columbus to Cartier [iTunes, $0.99] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/explorers-story-exploration/id562708507?mt=8 Explorers Song The Explorers Song video on TeacherTube is a 3:22 minute song that uses a catchy tune that most students will be familiar with (Party in the USA by Miley Cyrus) which will make learning the modified lyrics much easier for students to learn and remember. It focuses on explorers, countries, and the voyages. Many students connect with music and movement and this song provides the perfect opportunity to get students dancing and also learning the material.

Trhart [Host] (2011) Explorers Song [Video File] Retrieved from http://www.teachertube.com/video/explorers-song-208470 Famous Explorers Famous Explorers app is ideal for students and teachers who are studying the Age of Exploration and the people who were involved. With multiple images, vast information, and challenging quizzes imbedded within the information, this app inspires students to learn more about the explorers and their lives. Organized in a simple to understand format this app allows for easy use. It is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch and requires iOS 4.3 or later. htapps (July 30th, 2013) Famous Explorers [iTunes, $2.99] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/famous-explorers/id654900455?mt=8 History Comes Alive: Age of Exploration History Comes Alive: Age of Exploration is one of many videos provided by Mr. Arnold on various topics. This specific video focuses on the Age of Exploration. It is twenty minutes long but is divided up into four parts, which makes it a great resource to use to introduce or enhance a lesson. The four parts include geography, technology, explorers, and the trade and economy related to that period in time. Along with the characterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s passionate attitude, multiple graphics, photographs and drawings, are used to support what he is teaching throughout the entire video. Main points pop up on the lower section of the video this gives another way for students to absorb the information, and would offer direction if notes are being taken.

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Samuel Arnold [Host] (2014, May 21 st) History Comes Alive: Age of Exploration [Video File] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpXRvfdy9VE Mr. Nussbaum Learning + Fun This site offers information on explorations through usage of activities, printables, explorer profiles, and interactive maps. The materials integrate reading and writing development into the social studies lesson. With so much of education today functioning by inclusion and incorporating multiple aspects into one lesson, this site can be a useful tool to accomplish this.

Nussbaum Education Network,LLC (2014) Mr. Nussbaum Learning + Fun [Website] Retrieved on February 27 th, 2015 from http://mrnussbaum.com/explorersflash/ The Ages of Exploration This website would be a great resource for students who need to research the Age of Discovery or any other time periods related to discovery. With easy to maneuver tabs, a search bar, colorful graphics, and in-depth information this website is a great education resource. Each explorer has a biography, gallery, and additional resources provided. There is a large voyage map that is interactive and displays the routes and includes icons that students can click to zoom in on certain areas and read details. Other tabs include ships and tools. Overall it provides a plethora of information in an easy to navigate format.

The Mariner’s Museum (2015) The Ages of Exploration [Webstie] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from http://exploration.marinersmuseum.org/type/age-of-discovery/ Walk the Plank Walk the Plank is a game based activity that allows a learner to create their own character and then answer a series of questions based on the Age of Discovery and specifically the explorers that were involved. Each game consists of ten questions. If the majority of the questions are answered correctly students succeed in making the pirate walk the plank. This is a beneficial tool because the students will feel as though they are playing but the activity will assess their current knowledge and level of understanding automatically. This game could be played as a whole class or individually and could be easily incorporated prior to or after a lesson.

School History.co.uk (2014, August 27th) Walk the Plank [Website game] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/games/walk/walk_explorers.html World Explorers This site includes the “who”, “when”, and “why’s” of the Age of Discovery. There are tabs for multiple explorers that learners can click on to learn more specifically about each individual (birth, expeditions, death). This would be very helpful if students are assigned one explorer to research. The information is clearly organized and separated into understandable sections. Pictures are also included in order to offer visual support.

Technological Solutions (2015) World Explorers [Website] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from http://www.ducksters.com/biography/explorers/ 128 | P a g e

Rachael Manners Unit Rationale â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 5-Paragraph Essay In this unit we will be learning how to write a five paragraph essay. Fifth grade students need to learn how to organize their thoughts into a formal structure. The students will be writing these essays on a topic of their choice. One challenge that would make this topic difficult for students to understand is the academic language involved. For example, students would need to be familiar with what it means to brainstorm, draft, revise and so forth. An integral part of organizing their thoughts is being able to put things into order. For example, a student may be writing about why he or she loves to play soccer. The student would need to take the three reasons as to why he or she loves playing soccer and put them into a logical order that makes sense with the flow of the essay. Students will learn about all five paragraphs and their importance to the essay. These paragraphs include the introductory, the three body paragraphs, and the conclusion. Students writing a five paragraph essay should be able to answer the following questions. What is a topic, what is the topic, and what is the purpose of the essay?

What are the three main points that support the topic of the essay? How should each body paragraph be introduced? How should the conclusion be introduced and what information should it contain?

Studying and understanding the writing process in English language arts is a learning expectation covered under Tennessee Language Arts Writing Standard 5.0.

Production and Distribution of Writing: 5. With guidance and support from peers and adults, develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach.

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Present.Me Tutorial: http://present.me/view/261357-telleminten Opening Commercial: 5_WritingProcess.wav Glogster: http://rmanners.edu.glogster.com/the-writing-process/

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ASSURE Lesson Plan Prewriting Exercise Name: Rachael Manners

Subject Area: Literacy/Writing

Duration of Lesson: (2 days)

Grade Level: 5

Analyze Learners: Students learning this lesson today are from Park Avenue Enhanced Option Elementary School in Nashville, Tennessee. This fifth grade class is comprised of 17 students. There are 11 boys and 6 girls. The age range is from 7-9 years old. All students speak proficient English. Diversity includes 16 African American students and 1 African American and Caucasian mixed student.

Park Avenue Enhanced Option Elementary School is a Title I school in the Sylvan Park area of Nashville. Two students have IEPs. The median income for the Sylvan Park area is $23,848.

Curriculum Competencies According to pre-assessments and previous assignments, prior knowledge includes an introduction to the Writing Process in second grade.

Technology Competencies Students have been introduced to the computer and understand the basic concepts of computer and internet use. Students are able to use the C.O.W (Computers on Wheels) laptops, and have been introduced to Google and Microsoft Word at the beginning of the school year. Students have utilized typing and internet research skills in their computer activity class.

State and ISTE Standards and Objectives: State Standard: Production and Distribution of Writing: 5. With guidance and support from peers and adults, develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach.

ISTE Standard: Standard 3- Research and Information Fluency.

Standard 6- Technology Concepts and Operations.

Objective:

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Given the steps of the Writing Process, students will utilize the website, eduplace.com, to select and complete a graphic organizer to begin the brainstorming and pre-writing process for their chosen research topic with 100% accuracy.

Select Method, Media, and Materials Curriculum Materials:  Pencils (one per student)  Paper (each student has their own paper)  Graphic Organizer Print Out (each student will print one) Technology Materials:     

Computers (Students Centered) (5 Classroom computers) Projector (Teacher Centered) (1 classroom projector) Screen (Teacher Centered) (1 classroom screen) Elmo (Teacher Centered) (1 classroom Elmo) Graphic Organizers. (2015). Classroom Resources. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.eduplace.com/graphicorganizer/index_f.jsp

Utilize Technology, Media, and Materials Preview and Prepare Materials  Students will use pencils and paper to take notes on the prewriting process. Students will use their own pencils and paper.  Make Sure Projector and Screen are working properly.  Make sure Elmo is turned on.  Make Sure Student Computers are on.  Makes sure printer is stocked with paper and ink, and is working properly.

Prepare the Environment  No rearrangements of the classroom are necessary.  When lesson is complete, students will rotate at the computers 5 at a time, based on class roster to print their graphic organizer.

Prepare the Learners  The pre-writing and brainstorming process will be introduced using a PowerPoint presentation. Students will be taking notes on the presentation.  The pre-writing process will be modeled by the teacher with help from the students using the Elmo and projector, and a print out of a graphic organizer from the eduplace website.  Students will be shown how to use the eduplace.com website by demonstration using the projector and screen.

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 Curricular: This entire section should be under the U-Section. The “R” is ONLY for the student-centered experience --- the students engaged with the technology.

1. As the teacher is teaching the short PowerPoint on the pre-writing and brainstorming process, students will be taking notes on their own paper. Students will have the opportunity to ask questions.

2. The teacher will model the pre-writing process with the help of student responses. The teacher will project a graphic organizer form the eduplace website.

3. Together the teacher and students will decide on a topic and headings for each space on the graphic organizer. The organizer will be completed using questioning to prompt student responses.

4. The teacher will use the instructional computer to guide students through the steps of pulling up the internet, logging on to the eduplace website, downloading a graphic organizer, and printing a graphic organizer.

Require Learner Participation Technology: 1. Students will go to the classroom computers 5 at a time. The computers will be on and students will click on the “Internet Explorer” Icon.

2. Students will use the internet browser to type in www.google.com.

3. Using the Google search bar, students will type in “eduplace graphic organizers” and click on the first result.

4. Students will click on “Cluster/Word Web 3. It is the second choice in the first column.

5. Students will print the graphic organizer and return to their seat. They will then begin working on their graphic organizer using their topic.

Evaluate and Revise Formative Assessment: As students are working on their graphic organizers, the teacher will be moving around the room to assist students where necessary, and ensure that students are staying on task. The teacher will help students to develop a strong, in depth organizer by probing students with further questions as they are completing their graphic organizer.

Summative Assessment:

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Students will be graded on the following areas: student stayed on task throughout the activity, the graphic organizer is neat and clearly stated, the graphic organizer is well-developed with strong ideas, no grammar/spelling mistakes.

Students will receive a copy of their rubric in order to understand where revisions in their planning are necessary. Students will be given the opportunity to make necessary revisions in class after conferencing with the teacher. A revised copy of the graphic organizer will be turned in with the final draft of the essay. A graphic organizer is required to be turned in for all students, even those who lack revisions.

Before transitioning to a new lesson, students will answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper and place it in the teacher mailbox on the corner of the desk:     

Do you feel that you completely understand the prewriting process?

What do you not understand, or what would you like to know more about?

In what areas could you improve?

In what areas could I improve?

What questions or concerns do you have about prewriting?

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PREWRITING RUBRIC Category Participation

15 Pts. Student participated throughout the entire duration of the activity, staying on task and completing work in a timely manner.

Neatness and Clarity The graphic organizer is neat and clearly organized. Ideas were clearly legible.

10 Pts.

5 Pts.

Student somewhat participated throughout the activity, staying somewhat on task and completing work in a timely manner.

Student did not participate throughout the activity, and was off task, not completing work in a timely manner.

The graphic organizer is somewhat neat and organized. Ideas are somewhat legible.

The graphic organizer is not neat and is unorganized. Ideas are not legible.

Development

The graphic organizer is well developed with strong ideas. Student is ready to begin writing.

The graphic organizer is somewhat developed with strong ideas. Revisions are necessary.

The graphic organizer is not well developed and ideas are weak.

Revisions are necessary.

Grammar/Spelling

The graphic organizer contained less than (2) grammar or spelling errors.

The graphic organizer contained (3) or less grammar or spelling errors.

The graphic organizer contained (4) or more grammar or spelling errors.

Total:_________

Comments:

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Unit Media Share

Fifth Grade Writing Standards Time4Writing.com provides a summary of the writing standards for fifth grade. The site also provides strategies for writing which are the stages of the writing process. One great piece of information provided is how fifth grade students should be able to utilize technology to complete the steps of the writing process. This includes a summary of the tasks that fifth graders can do using technology and word processing programs. Another list that the website provides is a list of the purposes for writing (i.e. informative, persuasive, creative). The website also includes a section about grammar which is important for the revising stage of the writing process. This site is not only a great source for students, but it is also a useful resource for educators.

Fifth Grade Writing Standards. (2014). Fifth Grade Writing Standards. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.time4writing.com/writing-resources/writing-standards/fifthgrade/ Graphic Organizers Eduplace.com is an educational website through Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Under Classroom Resources, there is a list of thirty-eight different charts and diagrams used for planning and prewriting. This website would be very resourceful for the standard because it would aid in the pre-writing stage of the writing process. Some examples of the charts provided are spider web diagram, Venn diagram, KWL charts and so on. Given that there are so many charts to choose from, they can aid in many different types of writing. The charts are printable which makes them easily available for classrooms with few computers.

Graphic Organizers. (2015). Classroom Resources. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/interactives/letter_generator/ How to Write an Essay Rap The How to Write an Essay Rap is a fun and energetic video that teaches viewers how to write an essay. The rap is in order from the introduction to the conclusion. The video is extremely catchy and easy to remember which could allow the rap to be a resource even after the video is finished. The rapper uses academic language related to writing in the app which can be a great tool to teach students the proper terminology. The video would be most helpful for middle and high school grades, but it could still be used for some elementary classes. Because it is an upbeat musical video, students will be engaged from start to finish.

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Jedd Bloom. (Producer). (2013). How to Write an Essay Rap [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tRpPHylKFCQ How to Write a Paragraph How to Write a Paragraph is a great media resource that teaches students the appropriate way to construct a paragraph. The app is an interactive ebook with click and drag features, flash cards, graphic organizers, multiple choice questions and many more hands on activities for learners. It is a great source to review previously learned concepts. The app has very colorful and relatable graphics which makes it easy to understand and use. It is set up like a PowerPoint presentation where the reader can tap the next page instead of using a swiping action to turn the page. The app is great for reviewing syntax, paragraph structure, and other important elements for constructing an essay.

Classroom Complete Press. (2012). How to Write a Paragraph. [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/how-to-write-aparagraph/id560042578?mt=8 iTooch iTooch 5th Grade Language Arts is a great resource for grammar. The app is in the format of a game. Players can earn points and progress in levels. The app is broken down into three categories: Grammar, Verbs, and Vocabulary and Spelling. Each of those categories is broken into subcategories like conjuctions, sentence types, abbreviations and so on. The questions are fill in the blank and multiple choice which is a great way for students to not only review grammar, but also to review different test taking formats. This app will help writers to familiarize themselves with appropriate syntax, use bigger words, and learn proper verb usage.

Because it is a game, students are engaged and learning is more enjoyable. The app aligns with Common Core State Standards. It is compatible with both iPhone and iPad. eduPad. (2011). iTooch 5th Grade Language Arts. [iTunes, 5.99] Retrieved March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/itooch-5th-grade-language/id423779711?mt=8 Letter Generator Readwritethink.org is home to a letter generating activity that helps students type and create a letter. Students can choose to write a friendly letter or a business letter. The first step is for students to fill out their address and the date. The user then has to type the name of the person they are writing and the address where the letter will be sent. This would be a good review for students to remember their address and the addresses of family members. The next step is to review what a greeting is for a letter and to type a greeting. The body of the letter is typed next.

This is not only a good way for students to practice writing paragraphs, but because writing assessments are moving from pencil and paper to computers, it is good typing practice. Students then write the closing and the letter is available to print. Although writing a letter is not writing an essay it is still an important life skill to learn. Students will also benefit from the extra practice.

Letter Generator. (2010). Letter Generator. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/interactives/letter_generator/ 137 | P a g e

Power Proofreading Eduplace.com is an educational website through Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Power Proofreading is an educational game that provides access to exercises in proofreading. The game is set up to be a TV station. The student’s main task is to proofread and edit the cue cards.

Students highlight the error on the cue card and a box pops up. When students correct the error a green lightning bolt flashes, if students are incorrect, a red lightning flashes. Students are able to choose from a vast list of topics, which makes the game more engaging. The game is designed for students in grades 2-8. Students can choose activities suited to their age level by selecting the appropriate grade. This is a great resource for students to practice looking for errors in writing which can be done during the editing part of the writing process.

Power Proofreading. (2015). Kids Place. [Website] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.eduplace.com/kids/hme/k_5/proofread/proof.htm Prompts 4 Kids Prompts 4 Kids is a great writing resource for students suffering from writers’ block. It is a prompts generation that works quickly to give students a writing prompt or topic. There are four buttons on the app. The first is “Add a Situation”. When students tap this button, they are given a situation to write about. They can then click on the “Add a Character” button which will give them a character to use in the situation. The third button is the “Add a Setting” button which gives students an idea for a setting. The final button is the “Add an Object” button. This is a cool twist to writing because it gives students an object to include in their writing. For example, if you click on all four buttons you might get a prompt like, main character can always tell when someone isn’t telling the truth for the situation, a cowgirl for the character, a shoe store for the setting, and a balloon for the object. There is also an “Instant Prompt” button that gives writer’s an instant prompt in the place of clicking all four buttons. This app is useful for getting the writer’s mind flowing, and it’s a great way to generate ideas. There is also a great feature on the app called “Better Words” which is a word bank of academic language words and stronger synonyms. The app is compatible with iPad and iPhone.

Teacher Created Resources, Inc. (2013). Prompts 4 Kids. [iTunes 1.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/writing-prompts-for-kids/id533233202?mt=8 Proof Reading Proof Reading is a very engaging video about the proof reading stage of the writing process. The video is very short and quick. It is set to music with no speaking. Because the video moves so quickly, viewers are forced to pay attention in order to understand what is going on. The video provides great tips for proofreading a paper such as read aloud, read after a break, pause for commas, and so forth. If the writer follows the suggested steps, they can be more effective in catching mistakes in their work. This aligns well with the standard because it aids writers in the proofreading stage of the writing process. In less than two minutes, viewers can learn a great deal of information.

EducationFilms. (Producer). (2012). Proof Reading. [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsGx4-vUpKs 138 | P a g e

Punctuation & Capitalization Much like the Writing Skills app, Punctuation & Capitalization is a terrific resource for essay writers. The app is designed like an anchor chart with pages that flip. It is broken down into categories and subcategories of every punctuation mark possible. The app helps essay writers understand the appropriate placement of punctuation marks in writing. Punctuation & Capitalization is not a game, but rather a resource that can help students of all ages become successful, error-free writers. This app would be best used during the editing step of the writing process because it can aid students in correcting errors in punctuation. The app is compatible with iPad and iPhone on the IOS 6.0 system or later. There is also an app for the Android Market.

Digital Partners Media. (2013). Punctuation and Capitalization. [iTunes, 1.99] Retrieved March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/punctuation-capitalization/id399194850?mt=8 Story Starters Adventures This Scholastic.com game is an aid for students who need topic ideas or who may be suffering from writers’ block. The website is set up to look like a ship. Students “pull” a lever by clicking on it. In each window appears a character, a situation, and a writing style. Each window has its own knob that students can click on to change what appears in the box. For example a story starter might say: Write an article about a humble mechanic who solves a crime. The type of writing, the character, and the situation are all provided for the writer. This would be a great resource to use for writing assessment preparation and writing practice.

Scholastic Story Starters. (2015). Story Starters Adventure. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/story-starters/adventure-writing-prompts/ The Writing Process The Writing Process is a great learning resource for students who are learning about writing an essay. It is a good video for auditory or visual learners. The video has nice, clear graphics and an easily understood narrator. The video discusses the five stages of the writing process, and the steps that should be carried out in each stage. It does a great job of reinforcing the topic. The video provides suggestions for being a good writer and effectively carrying out each stage. This video is a good aid to teaching the standard because it clearly and effectively conveys the important information of the writing process that keeps the viewer engaged in what is being discussed.

Phleught. (Producer). (2014). The Writing Process. [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71Y2uIyJM4g Writing Ninjas: How to Write a Five Paragraph Essay Writing Ninjas: How to Write a Five Paragraph Essay is a kid-friendly resource for students in elementary and middle school grades. The video is ninja themed which could be appealing for students. The graphics used in the video are easy to understand and aid in understanding what is being discussed. The video provides an overview of the five paragraph essay including the introduction, body paragraphs, and the conclusion. It discusses what should be included in each.

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Examples are also provided which help to further understand the topic. The video also defines the important terminology such as a hook and thesis statement, and conclusion. It is a great review of the essay writing process.

InkWell Media. (Producer). (2014). Writing Ninjas: How to Write a Five Paragraph Essay.

[YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5uSJEiNZ1rE Writing Skills Writing Skills is a great resource for students who are beginning to write essays. The app is designed like an anchor chart with pages that flip. It is broken down into six categories which are then broken into subcategories. The app discusses the different types of essays that students can write (i.e. persuasive, narrative, descriptive, and explanatory), and provides examples for each.

There is also a category for the writing process which gives the steps of each process and tips on how to best carry out each step. This app would help students accomplish the standard because it would aid in creating clear essays by using the writing process. Writing Skills is best suited for children ages nine and older. The app is compatible with iPad and iPhone on the IOS8 system.

Digital Partners Media. (2014). Writing Skills. [iTunes, 0.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/writing-skills-hd/id916547537?mt=8 Writing Skills: The Paragraph Writing Skills: The Paragraph is a great video for students to clarify what a paragraph is and how to write one. The video covers proper structure such as indenting and skipping lines. A very useful fact in the video is that one paragraph should cover ONE topic. A writer should not change topics during the paragraph. As the video is playing, the speaker is drawing a diagram on the board behind him. This provides a great visual so that viewers can better understand the concepts that are being discussed. The video is mostly addressing higher grade levels, but parts can be pulled out and utilized for many grade levels. This video is very resourceful for the topic because students need to effectively write a paragraphs to develop essays. engVid.com.(Producer). (2013). Writing Skills: The Paragraph. [YouTube Video].Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0IFDuhdB2Hk&spfreload=10

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Abby Roberts Unit Rationale - Measurements In this unit fifth graders will learn how to convert units of measurement in Math. Fifth graders need to know how to convert units of measurement in the real world to be able to do every day activities and function in society. Students could possibly have a hard time understanding how to convert one unit into another unit if they have not been exposed to or mastered division skills. The students will be learning how to convert a small unit of measurement into a larger unit of measurement and vice versa. Students will also be learning what exactly can be measured in units and what those units are. Teachers can explore different ways to convert a unit of measurement so each child will understand. How can we measure liquid? What is the measurement if we convert a liquid into a solid? How can we measure distance? Students will need to be provided with activities and real life situations in which they will be ask to convert units of measurement. Being able to convert units of measurement is a skill that students will have to use in the real world. Students could possibly have a hard time understanding how to convert one unit into another unit. Cooking a recipe is just one example of many that students will eventually need to know how to convert a unit of measurement. As students go through life this is a skill that will never fade into the background. > Convert like measurement units within a given measurement system is covered under the Measurement and Data section in Common Core State Standards for Mathematics.

1. Convert among different-sized standard measurement units within a given measurement system (e.g., convert 5 cm to 0.05 m), and use these conversions in solving multi-step, real world problems.

Present.Me Tutorial: http://present.me/view/265034-tell-em-in-10-pdf Opening Commercial: 5_Measurements.wav Glogster: http://abbypooh.edu.glogster.com/converting-measurements/

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ASSURE Lesson Plan Template Converting Units of Liquid Measurements

Analyze learners

I will be teaching fifth grade and there are 21 students in the class. There are 9 males and 12 females. There is one student that is an English Language Learner.

This class has some mixed culture with two Hispanic children, one Korean child, two African American children, and fifteen Caucasian children. There are two students in this class with an IEP. Both of these students get pulled out of class for thirty minutes of reading and math. There is one student in this class that gets pulled for thirty minutes of speech every day. There are no behavioral issues in this class. There are several students that miss school often as in they miss one to three days every week. Many of this children are from a low socioeconomic disadvantage home. Guild Elementary School is a Title 1 school. They give every child a fair chance for education.

Curriculum Competencies According to a pre-assessment quiz prior to the chapter the students already have pervious knowledge of how to multiply and divide. The students have also learned and mastered these skills in third and fourth grade.

Technology Competencies Students have already been introduced to proper internet use and iPad use.

Students have had a tutorial on how to use the Best Contenders â&#x201E;˘ Measurements app and all the features of the app. Students have also been given their personal log in information.

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State & NETS*S objectives

> Convert like measurement units within a given measurement system is covered under the Measurement and Data section in Common Core State Standards for Mathematics.

1. Convert among different-sized standard measurement units within a given measurement system (e.g., convert 5 cm to 0.05 m), and use these conversions in solving multi-step, real world problems. >ISTE Standard • 2. Communication and collaboration - Students use digital media and environments to communicate and work collaboratively, including at a distance, to support individual learning and contribute to the learning of others.

Behavioral Objective:  Given the use of the Best Contenders ™ Measurements app the learners will demonstrate how to convert units of liquid measurements.

Select instructional methods, media, and materials

Curriculum Materials: • 2 blank pieces of Paper child • Pencil • The teacher needs to have log in information on hand.

Technology Materials: • 4 iPads with internet • Best Contenders ™ Measurements downloaded on all 4 iPads • Balabharathi.com LLC. (December 11,2013). Best Contenders ™

Measurements. [iTunes,Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/best-contendersmeasurements/id625919502?mt=8

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Utilize media Preview and Prepare Materials: and materials • Pencil and paper will be utilized for scratch paper if a student needs to show their work to process the answer.

• The iPads are located by the teacher’s desk to the left if you are sitting in the teacher’s chair.

• The Best Contenders ™ Measurements App is on the first page of the iPad in the top right corner.

• Make sure to preview the app ahead of time to check that a all the features on the app are working correctly.

• Make sure to check the log in information for each child using the app to see if they can log on without any problems.

Prepare the environment: • When the whole group math lesson is completed the students will go to their

•

•

• •

assigned stations. (This information is located next the word wall to the left of the white board at the front of the room.)

There are five students assigned to each station with the exception that one group has four. One station is located on the carpet in the front of the room.

Here the students are using flash cards of liquid conversion problems and visually laying it out with gallons,pints,cups, etc…

The next station is art where the students will be painting conversion problems.

There is a worksheet posted with all types of conversion problems and the students are going to paint what the problem is showing. One station will be the iPad station and the last station is a small group with the teacher. Here we will be working on a daily math skill together as a group. Today will be conversion word problems.

The rest of the class should be kept at a respectable noise level no louder than a whisper.

The teacher will be working with individualized small groups for fifteen minutes at a time.

Prepare the learner: • Previous to introducing this app students will be shown a tutorial on the app and

features with in the app.

• Students will be shown how to take quizzes, play games, and quiz against their classmates.

• Students will also need their log in information ahead of time to check to see if it is working correctly.

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Require learner participation

Students will go to predetermined stations, their will be 4 students that will receive an iPad each and they will sit at the round table located in the back of the room. Students will log in and begin working in the Best Contenders â&#x201E;˘ Measurements app and only this app.

Technology: The five students assigned to the iPad station will receive their iPad and log on to the Best Contenders â&#x201E;˘ Measurements app with their long in information. These students will continue working on the level they left off at with in the game. After they are done with the level they will quiz each other through the app. Finally they will take a post quiz on the app to see if the skill has been mastered. In this unit fifth graders will learn how to convert units of liquid measurement. Fifth graders need to know how to convert units of measurement in the real world to be able to do every day activities and function in society. The instructional purpose of this app is for students to be able to practice and master converting liquid measurements in order to be proficient in this skill.

Evaluate and Formative Assessment (Process): revise The teacher will be available if the students have questions while they are working with in the app. After the station is finished the teacher has the ability to log on to the app and see which students had trouble with which questions. This will let the teacher know if there is something that needs to be retaught that the children were not understanding.

Summative Assessment (Product): The final quiz that the students take on the app will be a grade to judge if the student has mastered the skill or not. This will show if the curriculum standard was mastered or if it needs to be retaught. Students will be graded on knowing how to write a liquid conversion problem and how to properly solve a liquid conversion problem.

Students will be given a copy of their quiz results to refer back to before the cumulative test. A student will have mastered this skill if they are 85% proficient or higher on the quiz with in the app. After stations are completed I will ask students to see me one by one and fill out a rubric showing their feedback on their experience on the app, participation with classmates, how they feel about the material that was taught in this lesson, and I will fill out their grade on the quiz.

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Students Name: Total:_____

For teacher use only.

____________

Excellent

Good

Fair

Bad

Experience on the app

4

3

2

1

Grade on quiz

4

3

2

1

Participation with classmates

4

3

2

1

How you feel on the material learned

4

3

2

1

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Unit Media Share

AAAMath AAAmath.com is a great resource for varies math subjects. This website has many topics to choose from. When a topic is pulled up you can then view a specific problem and it will give you steps how to do the problem and an example problem. This website would best benefit to be added to a lesson not replace the lesson its self. For younger grades a teacher would have to navigate this website but for older grades a student could navigate the website on their own.

Students could take notes off of the site and add it to their notes in class. This website is useful for all grades and for most math subjects.

J. Banfill. (2009). aaamath. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.aaamath.com/grade5.htm Best Contenders â&#x201E;˘ Measurements Best Contenders â&#x201E;˘ Measurements will help teachers keep track of the skill level and progress of each individual child. This app will quiz students on skills learned in converting measurements.

This app will also allow students to go against one of their classmates to compete in a quiz.

Keeping track of twenty individual students can be a tough task for a teacher. Keeping track of a students progress and skill level is vital to help the child in the best possible way. This app allows teachers to keep track of each student that gets on the app with their very own progress report. It will record their scores on quizzes and keep record of what skill they have mastered on converting measurements. This app requires iOS 4.3 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Balabharathi.com LLC. (December 11,2013). Best Contenders â&#x201E;˘ Measurements. [iTunes,Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/best-contendersmeasurements/id625919502?mt=8 ConvertPad - Unit Converter ConvertPad - Unit Converter is a great way for kids to have an answer at their finger tips. First the child will in put what measurement they have and then they will choose what they would like to convert the measurement to. This app also has a calculator where a child can put in their own conversion equation.

When teaching students how to write a conversion problem the child could put the equation into the app and receive an answer to the problem. This is giving the child a chance to be independent and check their own work. Students create problems in this app and let their classmates figure out the answers. This app requires Android 2.3 and up.

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Sunny Moon, (September 26,2014). ConvertPad - Unit Converter. [Google Play, Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.mathpad.mobile.android.wt.unit&hl=en Convert Units for Free Convert units for free is a great way for kids to have an answer at their finger tips. First the child will in put what measurement they have and then they will choose what they would like to convert the measurement to.

At some point or another most people have been out at a grocery store and forgotten how many tablespoons go into a cup. This app is designed to be helpful in times such as this. A child could look up the conversion in the store and find the information on their own. This is giving the child a chance to be independent. In the classroom after students do a conversion problems they could then use this app to check their own answers. Eventually we remember the main conversions of measurement but sometimes we forget. This app requires iOS 5.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

John Temple Group Pty Ltd. (July 21,2014). Convert Units for Free. [iTunes,Free] Retrieved on March1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/convert-units-for-free-1unit/id337224035?mt=8 Converting within the metric system Converting within the metric system is a great resource to show for guided practice in class. This video brakes down a problem step by step with in depth explanation. He is explaining how to convert a small unit into a larger unit. After the students have watch this video a teacher could give several practice problems for the class to do independently. This video would be used best at the end of a lecture before the independent work is given. This video is for fifth grade and up students.

Khan Academy. (Producer). (September 6,2010). Converting within the metric system.

[YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHaKyNplino#t=28 Cooking Conversions Cooking Conversions is an app used for conversions dealing with liquid measurements and or weight measurements. The student can put in a measurement such as 3 tablespoons and then see what it will equal in cups.

As a teacher in a regular elementary classroom there is not much cooking in the room however there is measuring and converting measurements. Students could use this app to help them learn cooking measurements and memorizing some of the most basic everyday measurements. This app requires Android 1.5 and up.

MAKE Products. (December 17,2011). Cooking Conversions. [Google Play, Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.makeproducts.conversions&hl=en

Fifth Grade Learning Games Fifth Grade Learning Games is a way to test skills and practice many of the objectives learned in fifth grade. This app offers language and math games, activities, and problems.

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This app could be used in a rotation center or independent practice to work on skills learned in class. When students are playing games dealing with math they do not feel as if they are having to do work. As teachers know students learn through games and fun activities sometimes better than seating in a lecture. Students have the option to pick various topics inside the math subject.

If a child is struggling in the topic of measurements then the teacher could assign the child to do the activities in that section. This app requires iOS 6.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Kevin Bradford LLC. (October 2,2014). Fifth Grade Learning Games. [iTunes,Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/fifth-grade-learninggames/id695979594?mt=8 How to Explain Customary Measurement Conversions to Kids : Math Tutoring How to Explain Customary Measurement Conversions to Kids : Math Tutoring is a quick resource to recap how to write conversions with ratios. This video is not a whole lesson but just a clip. This video would work best if a student missed that day or if they need a quick reminder on how to set up a conversion problem. This video should not replace a part of the original lesson it should be added to give an example and reinforce learned knowledge. eHowEducation. (Producer). (February 12,2013). How to Explain Customary Measurement Conversions to Kids : Math Tutoring. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXQVEQfEroc&list=PL_pQQ_ebSxl1txSwxAPl-mqs8s6GQIAR&index=46 IXL IXL.com is a wonderful resource for math and language arts. This website shows all of the common core state standards and aligns problems to match these standards. Teachers could use this site to judge wether or not students have mastered new information on a skill learned in class. Teachers could also use this site in a whole group lesson and let each child answer the question as a formative type of assessment. Students could use this site to do practice questions before an exam. This website is useful for grades Kindergarten through eight.

IXL Learning. (2015). IXL. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.ixl.com Math Chimp MathChimp.com website offers videos, games, worksheets, and a blog for students to utilize.

This website is set up by different grade levels and then broken down by subjects based off common core activities. After the subject is selected the student can do a game, watch a video, or do a worksheet. This would be a good resource to use as a rotation center. A student could watch a video and then see how well they could complete the game or worksheet that goes along with that subject. This is a great website for all grade levels first through eighth. The subjects offered in first through fifth grade are operations and algebraic thinking, numbers and operations in base 10, numbers and operations - fractions, measurement and data, and geometry. The subjects offered in sixth and seventh grade are rations and proportional relationships, the number system, expressions and fractions, geometry, and statistics and probability. The subjects offered in eighth

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grade are the number system, expressions and fractions, functions, geometry, and statistics and probability.

HotChalk Education Network. MathChimp. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.mathchimp.com Math is Fun mathsisfun.com is a great resource for students to learn about measurement in a fun way. This website breaks math down into subjects and then a child or teacher can choose the subject they wish to see. After picking the subject a short lesson will come up. This lesson is broken down with explanations of each step. After the lesson is over there are ten practice questions on the bottom for a child to see if they understood the material. There are pictures through out the lesson to help explain some of the points and keep the childâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s attention. This resource would be great to show in class and let the children do the ten problems at the end to see if there is something that needs to be retaught. This website also has games, puzzles, and worksheets for children to do.

Godard, Christi and Pierce, Rod. (February 4, 2014). Math Is Fun. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.mathsisfun.com/measure/us-standard-units-introduction.html Measurement Converting Gallons Quarts Pints Cups - Intro - 5th Grade Common Core Measurement Converting Gallons Quarts Pints Cups - Intro - 5th Grade Common Core is a great teaching resource that a teacher could use in their class to show how to do liquid measurements.

The woman speaking in the video goes through step by step starting with gallons, then quarts, pints, cups. She then discusses a few conversion problems. A teacher could stop or pause the video when she ask questions and let the students in the class answer. This video would be great to use as an outline of a liquid measurement lesson and have the students take their own notes and follow along in the lesson. Measurement Converting Gallons Quarts Pints Cups - Intro - 5th Grade Common Core is made to be shown in a common core fifth grade math class.

Rebecca Sims. (Producer). (February 25,2013). Measurement Converting Gallons Quarts Pints Cups - Intro - 5th Grade Common Core. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikGDiQVJ1N4 Metric Conversion Rap - by The Metric Crew Metric Conversion Rap - by The Metric Crew is a quick and easy resource to introduce a Metric measurement lesson. This video teaches all of the measurements from biggest to smallest and it gives a visual for students to compare too. This rap song is something fun and catchy that will grab students attention. The video only shows the basic information and it is not to long so students could memorize it to help them remember the measurements. This video showed Kilometer, meter, decimeter, centimeters, and millimeter. Metric Conversion Rap - by The Metric Crew is geared toward upper elementary students and would be best shown as an into or to reinforce taught information on the Metric system. aringejuice. (Producer). (April 21,2011). Metric Conversion Rap - by The Metric Crew.

[YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IhtgKHYZti0

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SID THE SCIENCE KID | Exploring Measurement | PBS KIDS SID THE SCIENCE KID | Exploring Measurement | PBS KIDS would be a great resource to show to students before learning the actual measurements. In this video the students find things to measure with besides a regular form of measurement for example they use the length of their body. After students watch this video the teacher could let them try this activity for themselves.

This would work best as an intro lesson to measurement to have the compare non-regular measurements to actual measurements. This video could be shown in lower grades as well as upper grades.

PBS. (Producer). (December 17,2008). SID THE SCIENCE KID | Exploring Measurement | PBS KIDS. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hlkRcTmFxY#t=52 Study Zone StudyZone.org is a website full of mini lessons, practice questions, and examples. This website has taken the New York State Standards and created a lesson to go along with each one. This website would be a great resource for children who have missed a day in class. The child could view a lesson on the subject missed and do work with that lesson. This would also be a great resource to pull a lesson from and put them in rotation centers to work on the lesson. Even though the standards are based off New Yorkâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s standards teachers in other states could use them because they will match some standards in other states.

Oswego City School District New York State Intermediate Test Prep Center. (2011).

Study Zone. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.studyzone.org/mtestprep/index.cfm

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Tierra Salton Unit Rationale â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Energy Energy is something that is a part of every aspect of our daily lives. In this unit fifth grade students will acquire the differences between the types of energy and why they are important to our everyday existence. When students begin to learn about energy it may be a little difficult to learn because there are so many different subtopics under this one broad topic of Energy. It is something that must be broken down to better understand for a fifth grade students. The learners in the unit will discover both kinetic and potential energy, their differences and similarities, and even the uses for both. Students will gain an awareness about what heat energy transformation is and its role in conduction, convection, and radiation. It is important for students to understand what energy is because no matter what we do in life everything requires it, from waking up in the morning to walking into our classrooms daily. Furthermore every part of life and science are interrelated to some form of energy.

Understanding what energy is and the difference between it types is a learning expectation covered under Tennessee State Standard for Science 10.0.

GLE 0507.10.1 Design an experiment to illustrate the difference between potential and kinetic energy.

Present.Me tutorial: http://present.me/view/261557-energy-tellemin10 Opening Commercial: 5_Energy.mp3 Glogster: http://tsalton1.edu.glogster.com/5th-grade-energy/

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Assure Lesson Plan Energy Type Relay

Name: Tierra Salton

Subject Area: Science

Duration of Lesson: 1 day

Grade level: 5th

A- Analyze Learners: The students who will be participating in this lesson attend Park Avenue Enhanced Option School of Nashville, Tennessee They are 5th grade children ranging from ages nine to ten.

This class is encompassed of seventeen students, eight girls and nine boys. The fifth grade class is 99% African American and the remaining 1% is a biracial student (African American and Caucasian mix). Park Avenue is home to students of a generally income background where the majority of the students receive free or reduced lunch. None of the students have IEPs but there are six students who receive intervention for reading because they are reading below grade level.

This fifth grade class thrives off of hands on activities that include the entire class.

Curriculum competencies Students should have prior knowledge of the basic ideas about kinetic and potential energy based on informal assessments from our introductory lesson about what energy is.

Students should be well versed in the ideas of graph making Technology Competencies Based on progress in the studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; computer class; they should have basic knowledge of computer skills such as typing and internet usage. Also they should have minimal understanding of Microsoft office programs i.e. word and excel.

S- State standards and objectives State Standard: GLE 0507.10.1 Design an experiment to illustrate the difference between potential and kinetic energy.

ISTE standard: 1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Creativity and innovation.

6 -Technology Operations and Concepts

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Objectives: Students should understand what energy is and the difference between it types by collecting data and using Microsoft excel to create a simple yet creative graph, comparing events potential energy to kinetic energy.

S- Select methods, media, and materials Curriculum Materials: -

34 Pencils 34 sheets of Paper 9 packs of colored pencils/ markers/ crayons Self evaluation sheets

Technology Materials -

20 Computers (Student centered) 1 Projector and 1Screen (Teacher centered) 2 Printers (Student centered) Microsoft excel software for 20 computers (Student centered)

Utilize media and materials Preview and prepare -

Be sure that all computers are set up and ready to go.

Ensure that the computers have excel installed on them.

Prepare the “pre-writing” activity.

Be sure that all equipment is operating properly (i.e. projector and screen to display the teacher’s example.)

Check for adequate internet access on all computers for use of clipart.

Prepare instruction sheets for the use of excel for students who need them.

Prepare the Environment This class session will take place in the school computer lab during the students’ computer class time. I must be sure to have all material laid out and be prepared to answer any and all questions the students might have. There is no special arrangement needed for this lesson, therefore the room will remain as it is normally set up.

Prepare the Learner and provide the learning experience There will be an introduction of the lesson given to the students at the start of the class.

Will discuss the previous night’s homework, to take note of all the things that they did during the day and note whether it required kinetic or potential energy, which will serve as our data for that day’s activity. Students will be notified that this particular assignment will be assessed using a 154 | P a g e

rubric. We will have a very brief refresher course on how to create a graph using excel. Before heading to the lab children will be shown my example of the finished product for my graph.

At the start of the lesson I will review the previous day’s introduction about kinetic and potential energy. After the review, students will have the opportunity to share the collected data from their homework assignment. The homework assignment being for the students to take note of everything they did from the moment they left school and to decide whether that event required potential or kinetic energy. This activity will prompt a class discussion about the assignment. After the discussion students will be asked to create a mock bar graph using the data that they collected which will act as a “prewriting” activity for the next activity to come.

Require learner Participation Technology: Once the children have completed their mock graphs we will head to the lab to get started on the Excel created graphs. Once in the lab students will take a seat at a computer and watch pay close attention to my example of the graph that I created using excel. Then students will create their own graph by entering the data into excel.

As the students work, I will walk around being sure that students remain on task. Once the graph is complete, students can chose to add clip art to make it nice and presentable or print it out and draw pictures on the print out. In the end, all graphs will be printed and displayed in the hallway outside the classroom.

Evaluate and Revise Formative Assessment As the students are working on the computers I will walk around monitoring the students’ progression through the assignment. I will give verbal cues so that children know when they are doing the right thing, and remaining on task. Once the activity is complete each kid will complete a self-evaluation. The evaluation will show me as well as the students how well they grasped the concept and completed task. It will also have a portion for students to tell me what they feel they need help with if any at all.

Summative Assessment Students will be assessed on the graphs that they created based on the rubric provided below.

This rubric will show me how much effort the students put into the initial assignment of collecting data and creating and designing their graphs. The use of the rubric will also show me the accuracy of the information used to create the graphs.

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4

3

Neatness and Attractiveness

Exceptionally well designed, neat, and attractive. Colors that go well together are used to make the graph more readable. A ruler and graph paper (or graphing computer program) are used.

Neat and relatively Lines are neatly attractive. A ruler drawn but the graph and graph paper (or appears quite plain. graphing computer program) are used to make the graph more readable.

Title

Title is creative and clearly relates to the problem being graphed (includes dependent and independent variable). It is printed at the top of the graph.

Title clearly relates A title is present at A title is not present. to the problem being the top of the graph. graphed (includes dependent and independent variable) and is printed at the top of the graph.

Data Table

Data in the table is well organized, accurate, and easy to read.

Data in the table is Data in the table is Data in the table is organized, accurate, accurate and easy to not accurate and/or and easy to read. read. cannot be read.

Units

All units are described (in a key or with labels) and are appropriately sized for the data set.

Most units are described (in a key or with labels) and are appropriately sized for the data set.

CATEGORY

2

All units are described (in a key or with labels) but are not appropriately sized for the data set.

1 Appears messy and \"thrown together\" in a hurry. Lines are visibly crooked.

Units are neither described NOR appropriately sized for the data set.

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Unit Media Share 5th Grade- Common Core This Education Galaxy app is a fun form of assessment based on the Common Core Standards for many different subjects areas. The most important part of the app is the science questions that correlate with the science standards. Specifically the standards about energy. This interactive app is a great way to engage students I continued learning.

Education Galaxy.(Publisher). (June 18, 2014). 5th Grade Common Core. [Android, free] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.education.galaxy.vcciap.

5th Grade Friendzy The Science Friendzy app is one that was created for the students and approved and edited by teachers as well parents. It has games and quizzes related to various science topics on grade level. This is an app that is of great value to 5th grade students who may or may not struggle with science.

WS Publishing Group. (Publisher). (May 6, 2014). 5th Grade Friendzy. [Android, Free] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.fifthgrade.

Brainpop The Brainpop app is similar to the website but on a smaller scale. It has movies, games, and quizzes related to the science and other content area. This app is a great value in conjunction with the website. Students will be able to compare what they learned to the activities in this app.

Brainpop (publisher). (January 5, 2015). Brainpop-science. Retrieved March 2, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.brainpop.brainpopfeaturedmovieandroid.

Elementary kids Science Quiz This is an app on the android market that encompasses multiple choice questions about common science content. What makes this app so great is that it is a form of practice and review for the many things learned within the content area. Not only is it good for 5th graders but it helps with many different grade levels.

CoolComets. (publisher). (January 27, 2015). Elementary Kids Science Quiz. [Android, $0.99] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kidssciencequiz.

Energy Bill Nye on Energy Part 1 Bill Nye the science guy was a big part of my educational upbringing. This particular video shows examples of everyday uses of energy. At first glance it seems quite simple but as students continue 157 | P a g e

to watch they will be thoroughly entertained while learning at the same time. This video puts a spin on the old standard number 10, which focuses on energy, its types and transformation from one form t the next.

Farrahannedhaliwal. (Publisher). (2012). Energy Bill Nye on Energy Part 1. [YouTube video] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from http://youtu.be/zTXW9aRO23Y. Energy for Kids The eia.gov website titled â&#x20AC;&#x153;Energy for Kids,â&#x20AC;? is a great introductory site to my unit topic. It offers much information about every sub topic that is related to, Energy. Not only is a great source of information, but it has games and activities useful to both students and teachers. There is even a portion that is directly related to state standard GLE 0507.10.1 Design an experiment to illustrate the difference between potential and kinetic energy. Energy for Kids is a great site to help with an introductory lesson.

Energy Information Administration, (2015). Energy for Kids. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.eia.gov/kids/index.cfm.

Energy: How does energy make stuff happen?

This webpage comes from a very popular site called brainpop.com. It is absolutely amazing when used properly in the classroom. Brainpop is an interactive sit that includes movies, games, and other activities. It allows students to move around and be active during lessons opposed to remaining stationary in a desk or a table. Not only is the site fun but it also connects to many core standards related to Energy.

In this case standard number 10: Various forms of energy are constantly being transformed into other types without any net loss of energy from the system. Using this site makes learning fun and easy for students.

Brainpop Advisors, (1999-2015). Energy: How does energy make stuff happen? [Website, $220] Retrieved March 1, 2015 from https://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/. iTooch Edupad has created this app called itooch. Just like many other apps there are versions for many different grade levels. It is less interactive than I would like but it is good for review quizzes and simulations. Itooch incorporates more scientific examples than real life examples which may prove to be a little more difficult for 5th graders to understand. Although it may be a little problem challenging, with the proper assistance students should have no problem Edupad. (Publisher). (February 25, 2015). Itooch. [Android, Free] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.edupad.app.grade5.science.

Kids Energy Zone A site created by Touchstone Energy Cooperatives: kidsenergyzone.com is a site that turns classroom lessons into real world examples. This is very useful to the students in the sense that they are able to see their daily school lessons in a real world simulation. It includes ideas, games, and activities about saving energy and more. This site is one that may be more appealing to students in the sense that they are able to see what they are learning.

Touchstone Energy Cooperatives, (2015). Kids Energy Zone [Website] Retrieved March 1, 2015 from http://www.kidsenergyzone.com/.

Kinetic and Potential Energy Video for Kids (grade 5th, grade 4th) 158 | P a g e

This video is an instructional source that introduces the idea of potential and kinetic energy. It allows students to see many examples of both forms of energy and how they work. This is an excellent instructional aide for teachers who may have a hard time reaching certain students. On the plus side it directly connects to state standard number ten.

Makemegenius. (Publisher). (2013). Kinetic and Potential Energy Video for Kids (grade 5th, grade 4th). [YouTube video] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from http://youtu.be/C1w_-hl6mag.

KS2 Bitesize Bitesize is an interactive site that focuses mainly on the electrical aspect of Energy. It is a game that allow students to play with simulations of electricity in the form of lighting a light bulb. This site connects with standard number 10 about energy. Bitesize is another site that appeals to real world examples that are valuable to learners.

BBC, (2014). KS2 Bitesize [Website] Retrieved March 1, 2015 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/science/physical_processes/changing_circuits/play/.

Schoolhouse Rock: Science Energy Blues Music Video The Schoolhouse Rock music video is simply a form of entertainment for the students. Although it is music it appeals to students who learn best when music is involved. It references the real life examples of how energy is used as well as modern day examples of saving and wasting energy. It is a fun way for students to review what they learned.

Disney Educational Productions (Publisher). (2011). Schoolhouse Rock: Science Energy Blues Music Video. [YouTube video] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from http://youtu.be/wX2wrXwe8ZM. Study Island Studyisland.com is a site solely based standards from all over the country and even has content for every subject area. In this case there are games and activities designed for the Tennessee State science standards. It includes assessment, reinforcements, and even review for the covered content, and also instant feedback. That instant feedback allows students to see whether or not they are grasping the concept. This is a great site to help monitor studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; growth in a subject area.

Edmentum, (2000-2014). Study Island [Website, $3 per student] Retrieved March 1, 2015 from http://www.studyisland.com/tn/elementary-school/tennessee-curriculum-standards-preparation.

What is Energy REALLY?!

This video is similar to the Bill Nye Video it goes into great detail about what Energy really is. It allows students to see different types of energy and how they work. This is more of a mature way to show 5th grade children what energy is. It is probably the least related to the state standard.

The Science Asylum (Publisher). (2013).What is Energy Really?! [YouTube video]. Retrieved March 2, 2015 from http://youtu.be/jCroOtF7T4E. What is Energy- Types of Energy?

Makemegenius creates lots of videos on many different content areas. This is another great video related to state standard number 10, energy. It introduces the topic in a comical way that will relax the students. It also goes into slight detail about the types of energy and how they work. It also shows real life examples of what energy is and how we use the different types of energy in our daily lives.

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Makemegenius. (Publisher). (2012). What is Energy- Types of Energy? [YouTube video] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from http://youtu.be/NKJifzlOSoQ.

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Tabitha Tarau Unit Rationale – Compare and Contrast This unit focuses on comparing and contrasting different forms of literature. Sixth graders must develop the ability to recognize information portrayed through different forms or genres presented to them, in order to grasp topics at hand. Achieving this is difficult for students, as texts may be complex and intimidating. They need to understand how to view smaller components within a piece of literature, and that will help simplify the task for them. Students will be exposed to material presented in various ways (text vs. audio), and must distinguish the differences. Comparing and contrasting helps students to process. Discussing similarities and differences makes the concepts, such as themes and topics, easier to distinguish. How are stories and poems similar? How are they different? What made hearing the text easier than reading it?

Guiding students to answer such questions will give them an insight to understanding the roots and characteristics of different forms of literature. Knowledge of different forms and genres prepares students to comprehend texts efficiently. Understanding these ideas is necessary before students can be expected to write productively.

Comparing and contrasting different forms of literature is a learning expectation covered under the Tennessee State ELA Standards for Literature 7-9.

7. Compare and contrast the experience of reading a story, drama, or poem to listening to or viewing an audio, video, or live version of the text, including contrasting what they “see” and “hear” when reading the text to what they perceive when they listen or watch.

8. (Not applicable to literature) 9. Compare and contrast texts in different forms or genres (e.g., stories and poems, historical novels and fantasy stories) in terms of their approaches to similar themes and topics.

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Present.Me tutorial: http://present.me/view/282823-revisedtellemin10tabitha Opening Commercial: 6_CompareContrast.mp3 Glogster: http://tabithatarau.edu.glogster.com/compare-and-contrast-genres/

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ASSURE Lesson Plan: Comparing & Contrasting Forms of Literature

Name: Tabitha Tarau

Subject Area: Language Arts

Duration of Lesson: 3 days

Grade Level: 6th

Analyze Learners: This sixth grade class is composed of students who live in the heart of Nashville, Tennessee. With a total of twenty students, there is a wide variety of unique learners. Twelve of the students are girls and 8 are boys. The students love to identify themselves with peers of their gender, and often team up against the other. Though all students are native English speakers, many have difficulty diverging from the slang they are surrounded by when outside of school. All students are of an African American background, and no students currently have an IEP. Curricular competencies required for the success of this lesson include the ability to compare and contrast material sufficiently, and students must retain background knowledge on different forms and genres of literature. Technologically, students at this age have been thoroughly exposed to proficient concepts of computer use. This lesson does not rely on the internet, which is beneficial as there is a time constraint and not much room for trivial issues like internet complications. Students are expected to use computers efficiently and have been introduced to the usage of video cameras early in the school year. They retain basic knowledge of video cameras and their features, and have been developing these skills in their Related Arts technology course.

State and ISTE Standards and Objectives:

State Standard:

ISTE Standard:

Tennessee State ELA Standard for Literature 7:

Standard 1:

Compare and contrast the experience of reading a story, drama, or poem to listening to or viewing an audio, video, or live version of the text, including contrasting what they “see” and “hear”

Creativity and Innovation: b. Create original works as a means of personal or group expression.

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when reading the text to what they perceive when they listen or watch.

Objective(s): Given the opportunity to create and video record a story, the learners will transform poems to stories that they will write in groups, ensuring that they have grasped what it means to convert forms of literature, truly analyzing similarities and differences. The academic language expected of students includes terms of different genres, and specific terminology like compare and contrast.

Select Methods, Media, and Materials:

Curriculum Materials:    

   

Worksheet, 20 (Directions for using video cameras and computer) Pencils , 20 Paper, 20 A Light In the Attic text, 1 Silverstein, S. (1981). A light in the attic. New York, N.Y.: Harper & Row. Brown bags, 50 Construction paper, 50 Glue, 5 Markers, 20

Technology Materials:    

Projector, 1 (Teacher Centered) Computers, 2 (Student Centered) VideoCamera, 1 (Student Centered) USB drives, 5 (one per group)

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Utilize media and materials: Preview and Prepare Materials

  

Students are responsible for their own paper and pencil, and those would be found in their personal three ring binders. These materials may be used strictly for note-taking during the lesson, and will be utilized as students write drafts of stories within their groups.

Worksheets containing directions for the project are located on the back table under the “To Do” sign.

Only one functioning computer and one video camera are available to the class, and are held by the Technology Specialist in room 311.

Prepare the Environment

      

Day One will consist of teacher instruction and student preparation. Desks will be arranged with four seats to a section.

On Day Two, the school Technology Specialist offered to oversee groups, one at a time, as they record themselves acting out their stories. Desks should be back to their original arrangement, so students can work individually.

From 9:00 am to 11:30 am, each group will have 20 minutes to go record and upload their videos onto USB drives. The rest of the class will be working on individual work preparing for the test.

Verify with the Technology Specialist that the computer and video camera are operational before having students set their materials up.

USB drives are located in the jar on the back table, and should be distributed to each group leader as they prepare to record on Day Two. On Day Three, students will present their videos and explanations.

The projector should already be located in the middle of the room, as students will be able to watch the videos as a class at a later time.

Prepare the Learners

  

Instruction should be preceded by a review of key terms and concepts, and students will be given the opportunity to share ideas on what to look for when comparing and contrasting literature.

The significance of this skill should be explained, as students will depend on their ability to efficiently comprehend information within a text or other form of literature.

The students will be taking notes at any point during instruction. It is not required of them, but each student is expected to participate by asking and answering questions throughout the lesson.

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  

The students will be divided into their groups, and the instructor will thoroughly explain the step by step directions written on the hand-outs. Students should be given many opportunities to clarify any confusion, and then each group will be assigned a poem from A Light in the Attic.

To provide example and ignite excitement about the project, a sample video from a previous year will be shown to students. The file is available on the teacher’s computer.

Students will receive directions typed out on how to use the video camera and how to upload the video onto the UB drive. Directions will also be read aloud, and students will be given the opportunity to clarify and questions or concerns.

Require learner participation

Each group will transform their poems into stories. The goal is for students to see how versions and forms of literature can change and how each one could be perceived by an audience. Creativity is encouraged, and the students will be videotaping themselves acting out their stories with the video camera provided. They may use puppets, act it out themselves, or even strive toward the uniqueness of a silent film.

The stories will not be videotaped until the Day Two, to ensure that students have enough time to prepare.

Students may express their stories in any way they see fit. The students will utilize the technology materials on Day Two, and record and upload what they have written.

Evaluate and Revise After presenting their videos, each group will explain how the two genres provided different experiences. The summative assessment is the entire project, which will be graded with a rubric. Students will be evaluated on contribution, differentiation of the two literary genres, operational use of technology, final video, and an efficient use of time. Students will be given a copy the rubric along with their grade, to sufficiently explain how grades were determined. More so, it will help define their strengths and weaknesses with the assignment. Students will also be asked to write a page of reflection. They should include feedback on their enjoyment with the project, their experience using the technology, and how well their group worked together (each member’s contribution). This is a formative assessment for my own evaluation, to see whether or not I grouped students properly. Though I tried to be strategic to get every student to participate, it may be that some group leaders can take over the assignment and students below grade level and merely taken for the ride. It also shows me, as the instructor, what and how I can modify the lesson to improve its effectiveness.

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Unit Media Share

6th Grade Literacy: Reading Demo Analyzing Different Genres This is the longest of the videos I have selected, but I think this video is of good value to an instructor. Seeing the lesson taught by another teacher can reveal what to do or what not to do, and watching this can benefit students as there are differing teaching styles. Students would only be able to view portions of this video, as it may not make complete sense being taught to an entire separate classroom. This presentation correlated perfectly with the standards of this Unit, as it was prepared specifically with those goals.

APSK12Video. (2013). 6th Grade Literacy: Reading Demo Analyzing Different Genres.

[YouTube Video]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JVIPH1rSDmk 6th Grade Skills- Compare and Contrast With this Unit revolving around comparing and contrasting forms and genres, this is a great video to emphasize the importance of being able to do that. It goes beyond telling students how to do it, but, rather, why they must be able to do this on your own. The narrator actually introduces the subject explaining that it is a process in which we compare new information to what we already know. Instead of just expanding our knowledge, we are also sorting out what we do know.

Wishnefsky, Elliot. (2013). 6th Grade Skills- Compare and Contrast. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved March 1, 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rMmbzZqlgdQ Comparing Themes Across Genres This presentation uses awesome animations as a brief reminder of themes and genres.

Comparing Themes Across Genres provides a few examples for students to see in comparison, not all to be taken seriously. I would only use this as an introductory source, as a cute little animation to ignite student interest in the topic. It is sometimes okay to be brief and simple, as long as it is to make room for student thinking and creativity.

PowToon. (2013). Comparing Themes Across Genres. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ph7Zt7ciy90 168 | P a g e

eSpark Learning: Comparing/Contrasts Texts with Different Genres Instructional Video (6.RL.9) This terrific YouTube video was created by two teachers collaboratively. They both speak an equal amount, and give the video a sense of a monologue (rather than a mere instructional video). The graphic within the video are very neat, and they make the video intriguing to watch.

Little details, like displayed the words being typed in the video, grasp student attention and could result in better comprehension. The video covers the lecture portion of displaying the content, and also shows students examples of how to apply the knowledge attained to stories they actually know and love. eSpark: LearningVideos. (April 8, 2010). eSpark Learning: Comparing/Contrasts Texts with Different Genres Instructional Video (6.RL.9). [YouTube Video]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwpVGotlvL4 How to Analyze a Literary Passage: A Step-by-Step Guide An adorable video with pop-up cartoon graphics, students are led through the steps of understanding and comprehending texts. Analyzing passages is vital for students to be able to compare and contrast details of genres and forms of literature. To see similarities and differences, they have to be able to see particulars within pieces of writing. Only then can students transform stories to poems or poems to stories.

Education Portal. (2015). How to Analyze a Literary Passage: A Step-by-Step Guide. [Video].

Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/how-to-analyze-aliterary-passage-a-step-by-step-guide.html iTooch 6th Grade Language Arts iTooch has a unique quality that allows students to learn and practice together. Some teachers fear that technology will one day replace interaction amongst peers, but the multi-player aspect requires partnership of students. Though topics are of a broad approach to language arts, the practice is good for students so as to establish their skills when working on more complex units like this one. Perfecting reading, writing, and comprehension skills assist in recognizing characteristics in genres and different forms of literature.

EduPad, Inc. (October 13, 2014). iTooch 6th Grade Language Arts. [iTunes. $5.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/itooch-6th-gradelanguage/id521723371?mt=8

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Literacy Planet Literacy Planet helps children in spelling, grammar, comprehension, and writing skills. The app directly correlates with this unit, and the standards (Tn ELA Standard for Literature 9). It focuses specifically on differentiating genres and delving into pieces of literature. The graphics of this app are very intriguing, and of great quality. Literacy Planet also coincides with an online literacy program, and the two work simultaneously to keep up with development and skills. I did not include the website as a separate source of media, as the two are meant to work in unison and they are designed to be used as one.

Intrepica Pty Ltd. (March 1, 2014) Literacy Planet. [Google Play. Free.] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=air.com.literacyplanet.literacyplanet&hl=en MobyMax- Math and Reading This app is a wonderful resource for instructors! It provides complete curriculum for 6th grade ELA (also, curriculum for math and ELA for grades K-8). MobyMax monitors student progress, aligns with student IEPs, and coincides with Common Core standards. The most significant area of this source is the wide variety of utilizing it in the classroom. The app provides tools like Messenger, Clicker, contests, games, goals, certificates, printable worksheets, and parent portal!

The differentiation along with easy access makes this such a terrific source for teachers, students, and parents.

MobyMax Education. (January 6, 2014) MobyMax- Math and Reading. [Google Play. Free.]

Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.mobymax.mmdroid Short Story Elements: Definitions With flashcards, matching games, and concentration games, this website provides much practice for students within this Unit. Though it is simple, the simplicity is important when dealing with definitions. This Unit consists of much complexity when analyzing elements and forms of literature, so it is gravely important for students to grasp terms and components in order to understand the concepts of working with them and applying them.

Quia. (2015). Short Story Elements: Definitions. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015 from http://www.quia.com/jg/245140.html Sixth Grade Learning Games Sixth Grade Learning Games helps students polish their reading comprehension skills, and allows practice for many other areas of Language Arts. The app coincides with sixth grade 170 | P a g e

Common Core standards (understanding the details within a text), and also provides spelling and vocabulary games with words that students are expected to know or have more difficulty with.

Though a version of this app is available for free for iPhones and iPads with iOS 6.0 or later, the free version is limited to only three games (the full version is $1.99).

Bradford, Kevin. (October 2, 2014). Sixth Grade Learning Games. [iTunes. Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2014 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/sixth-grade-learninggames/id731118847?mt=8 Space Boards: Language Arts This app is convenient for teachers, as it contains many materials and sends the work directly to instructors (either by email or can be printed on the spot). Though this app is expensive, it is greatly interactive and calls for creativity from students. Students are able to hand write responses on the device(s). Utilizing this app may give students a sense of independence, as they self-check their work with assessments embedded in the material. The app breaks down the details of a text, and that will help a student conquer the standard of looking at what to compare and contrast between genres.

NeoLithics. (January 6, 2012). Space Board: Language Arts. [iTunes. $19.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2014 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/language-arts-1st-6thgrade/id439532157?mt=8 Story Starters Story Starters is an activity set up specifically for practicing writing skills. It sets students up with prompts and themes that they need to drill. They get the opportunity to explore and dabble with their favorite stories and figure out what elements work together to produce great tales. This Unit requires for students to use their creativity in writing, and this websites helps students form ideas (especially when confronted with Writerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Block). Story Starters can be used in many ways, in different environments.

Scholastic. (2015). Story Starters: Multi-Genre Writing Prompts for Kids. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/story-starters/adventure-writingprompts/tp://www.smartboardgames.com/5th-grade/5-reading-ela/writing-prompt-activit/ The Realm of Fairy Tales Though this website is concerned with only one genre (subgenre) of literature, it is a neat source for students to explore on their own. The tasks and processes require working with a partner, and that peer interaction is key to remember. All too often, working on computers singles students out. However, it is not common for classrooms to have enough technological devices for each of the students to use simultaneously. Having students work on assignments with partners allows 171 | P a g e

for more devices to be used at the same time, and it also allows that peer interaction that students need for social development.

WebQuest. [Hoke, Judy]. (1999). The Realm of Fairy Tales. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://web.archive.org/web/20111223225248/http://wwwma.beth.k12.pa.us/jhoke/jhwebquest/intro.htm Wacky Tales Wacky Tales focuses on creative writing skills. This Unit requires students to think imaginatively in order to compose different texts and genres. It is a simple guide to creating stories, and gets students excited about writing. The website FunBrain can be tricky when trying to find an ageappropriate game, but it is not meant to teach a lesson. It serves to assist in getting students excited about a topic, and interested in what more they can do with the lesson at hand. I would only use this as a tool for student interest, not practice or application of knowledge from a lesson or unit.

FunBrain. (2015). Wacky Tales. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://www.funbrain.com/funbrain/cgi-bin/wt.cgi?A1=s Writing with Writers A new way to engage students in writing, Writing with Writers invites students to partner with actual authors, editors, and illustrators to develop and furnish skills in writing different types of genres. This website consists of workshops with steps that guide students in writing, and this is a great source for students to use on their own. It can serve as a reminder for students who forgot how to write a certain type of literature, or it can serve as a conductor for students who have more trouble grasping writing on their own.

Scholastic Inc. (2015). Writing with Writers. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://teacher.scholastic.com/writewit/index.htm

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Lee Watts Unit Rationale â&#x20AC;&#x201C; The Number System In this sixth grade unit plan, student will have the opportunity to explore different methods and strategies to understand the number system. It is important that students learn the similarities and differences of both positive and negative real numbers. They must also understand that these numbers are used together to describe quantities having opposite directions or values. This information is valuable to their lives because they will be able to understand the meaning of temperature, elevation, and the differences in electric charge. Students may have difficulty understanding the terminology of because they are more challenging than others. During this unit students will have the opportunity to work hands-on to understand the concept of the number system. They will be exposed to material and instruction that will occur in their real-world experiences. Presentations of how this unit is unique and valuable to their everyday lives will be presented and discussed after the unit is taught to go in depth with their understanding of the number system. Why is it important? How do we use the number system to determine temperature? When do we use the number system? These questions won't go unanswered as the students will have the opportunity to discuss and share their opinions of how they used the number system. Students must be able to recall this information about the number system because they will have to monitor the differences in temperature and other things they may come across in life. Knowing the fundamental functions of the number system gives them the ability to develop their own sense of problem solving and how to explain the meaning of 0 in any situation in life.

Understand that positive and negative numbers are used together to describe quantities having opposite directions or values (e.g., temperature above/below zero, elevation above/below sealevel, credits/debits, positive/negative electric charge); use positive and negative numbers to represent quantities in real-world contexts, explaining the meaning of 0 in each situation.

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The Number System: Apply and extend previous understandings of numbers to the system of rational numbers.

Present.Me tutorial: http://present.me/view/283009-what-you-need-to-know-presentation Opening Commercial: 6_NumberSystems.wav Glogster: http://lwatts39.edu.glogster.com/the-number-system/

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Assure Lesson Plan

Beginner Fractions Name: Lee Watts Duration of Lesson: 1 day

Subject Area: Math Grade level: 2nd

Analyze Learners: The students learning the lesson today are from Park Avenue Enhanced Option Elementary School. In this 2nd class room there are 14 students. In this class there are 3 girls and 11 boys.

The students in this class range from ages 7 to 8 years old. For the most part all the students in the class speak fluently in English. The class consists of 13 African American and 1 Caucasian male. One student in the class hearing is impaired and another student has ADHD. According to the 2012-2013 School Improvement Plan Information Form, the schools population is 97.8% African American with more males at 50.3% to female 49.7%. In the year 2011-2012, the schools special education program accommodates for 18.7% of the students enrolled in Park Avenue that has special needs. Students also have the opportunity to participate in the free/reduced lunch program that the school offers as well. At Park Avenue, 97.6% of their students have participated in this program since 2009. The majority of the students who attend the school speak English as their primary language. (Information found at http://www.parkavenues.mnps.org/Page20822.aspx) Curriculum Competencies Studentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s prior knowledge includes basic function of math problem solving that focuses on adding and subtracting regular numbers. Also comparing these numbers and being fluent in reading and writing.

Technology Competencies Students understand the basic functions of the computer and utilizing its software to complete assignments electronically. They are able to operate the laptop computers to use word processing applications and electronic communications. Students will build on these skills as they are instructed to complete assignments for various activities.

State and ISTE Standards SPI 0306.2.11 Recognize and use different interpretations of fractions.

ISTE Standards: Standard 6 Technology Operations and Concepts

Objective Given the use of computers and the FunBrain website, the students will solve different interpretations of fractions. Students will explore a number of fractions that deal with partwhole, quotient, and even ratios.

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Key Academic Terms: Denominator, Equivalent, Fraction, Improper Fraction, Least Common Denominator, Lowest Terms, Mixed Number, Numerator, Proper Fraction, Reduced, Repeating Decimals, Terminating Decimals Select Media, Materials, & Methods: Curriculum Materials:  Pencil (14)  Paper (14)  Worksheet (14)  Book (14) Maykk. “Treasure Galaxy 1st 2nd 3rd Grade math critical thinking fractions.” 2nd Grade. (1994).

Technology Materials:  Computers (Students Centered) (7 computers are available, 2 students to a computer)  Projector Screen (Teacher Centered)  Computer Software (Student Centered) Funbrain.com. [2000-2015] Fun Brain. Retrieved on May 4, 2015 from http://www.funbrain.com/ Utilize Media, Materials, & Methods: Review and Prepare Materials  Students will have pencils and paper on their desk so they are able to take notes for the from the instruction  The computers in the back of the room would be utilized for activities to enhance skills for learning fractions  The projector screen will be turned on before class starts to be sure it operates properly before the lesson  Make sure software work properly for each student as we transition into the activity Prepare the Environment  Pull enough chairs to the computers so all students will have access to the activity as they complete multiple games  Give instructions on how to use the computers and what students are limited to utilizing while on the computers  All desk will remain in place students will only utilize chairs for the computers  2 students will share the same computer Prepare the Learners  Students will be given a lesson on fractions and how they function in different equations.  They will have the opportunity to apply that knowledge through activities and worksheet that would monitor their ability to comprehend the instruction

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  

Students will be shown various examples on the board to help them understand the content of the lesson They will be given a short run through of how to utilize the software that would allow them to build on their knowledge of fractions.

I am going to begin my lesson on fractions by showing my PowerPoint presentation so the students will know what to look for in the lesson. That night I will assign the kids to go home and create something that they can put on a bulletin board that they think they have that will represent a fractions or something they already know about fractions. Then I will begin the lesson by using transparencies to give basic definitions, show pictures of certain fractions and give background information on the lesson on fractions and the notes the kids will need in their notebooks. I will allow the kids to explore on the computers to see what they can find out about fractions. I will have each student work in groups of four and create a college about fractions from information or pictures they find on the computers.

Require Learner Participation: Students will have the opportunity to build on their knowledge as they complete different activities on the computer software. They will have the chance to explore www.funbrain.com to enhance their ability to complete fractions in a fun and entertaining way. The teacher will walk around to monitor the class to keep all the students on task with the activity. After the activity students will have the chance write in their journals everything they learned in their lesson for the day. The game the student will play is called space fractions. This game focuses on the student’s ability to recognize fractions as they crash into them. The game keeps a count of how many fractions they hit and the students have to hit at least five to win the game. The students have to control the space ship to hit the gas cans that contain the fraction to keep the ship filled with gas. The game gradually gets harder as they win each level during the game. If the gas runs out, the game will start over and they will have to try again. This game helps them to recognize and identify fractions so they are familiar with the different interpretations.

Evaluate and Revise: Formative Assessment: Students will be assessed with quizzes to use what they have learned from the lesson. The teacher will also give them an opportunity to show what they have learned when students are able to come to the board and answer questions. This is a strategy that will be used to assess students’ knowledge of the lesson. They will also be assessed during their activities on the computer as it will give them immediate feedback for their understanding of the information.

The teacher will be able to utilize the data that each assessment will collect to revise any test or instruction within the lesson.

Summative Assessment This assessment will cover the unit as a whole. Students will be assessed on knowledge of fractions and given different examples they seem from the computer activity. They will showcase their knowledge through a hands-on assessment and ability to operate the computer software. They will have questions to evaluate the effectiveness of technology used to enhance 177 | P a g e

the instruction in the class. With their opinions taken into consideration, this data will help to create a more effective strategy toward assessments and math activities for future references.

The assessment tool that will be used to measure studentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s knowledge is a questionnaire consisting of ten questions about the lesson. Each question will check for understand of skills the students learned through the activity they participated in. On the back of the worksheet students will have a chance to complete a four question survey about the technology in the class and how well they understood the lesson. This data will be useful for future lesson plans and other technology resources that may be valuable to the learning environment.

Excellent

Good

Fair

Poor

4

3

2

1

At what level did 4 you understand the information?

3

2

1

How was the computer software?

4

3

2

1

How was your experience using this technology?

4

3

2

1

CATEGORY How was the lesson?

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Unit Media Share

6th Grade Math Add and Subtract Integers This video on adding and subtracting integers is very helpful for students who like to understand the process in details. The video gives a short lesson on how to add and subtract integers. It also explains step by step of how to complete this operation so students will not miss the major components on the lesson. Another thing that is very helpful in this video is the speaker is a student. This is great because other students will feel comfortable listening and learning from another student that they may grasp the information better if it was a teacher speaking over the lesson. It brings a different approach to learning that all students should experience and thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s learning from a peer. This video offers a great opportunity for students to engage in an instructional video that is lead by another student.

Najaf Ali. (Producer). (2014). 6th Grade Math Add and Subtract Integers. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hD_c_CnnAaw

Adding and Subtracting Negative Numbers , Intermediate Algebra , Lesson 2 This instructional video is incredibly helpful because it teaches students how to properly add and subtract numbers using a number line. The speaker makes it easy to understand the material being taught and how everything works together to get an outcome. This video is also very detailed when it comes to understanding how to use these numbers on the number line. Teachers will find it helpful because it goes in depth with any instruction on the number system that the teacher will cover. Students will understand this lesson with easy because the instructions are clear. Using the number line makes it easier to comprehend because it gives the students a visual to follow along and make decisions based off the number line.

Learn Math Tutorials. (Producer). (2012) Adding and Subtracting Negative Numbers, Intermediate Algebra, Lesson 2. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Na9pru3UBHE Integers The www.aaamath.com is a great website for students exploring the number system and the many components that go along with that unit. This is a very manageable website and students should not have a difficult time finding information as it is clear where everything is located.

This website contributes to common core because students are developing skills needed to understand the number system. This website offers many opportunities to explore different examples and activities created to enhance problem solving skills. Teachers can integrate this valuable resource in their instructional plan to modernize the new age of learners who are driven 179 | P a g e

by technology.

AAA Math. (2012). Integers. [Website] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.aaamath.com/grade6.htm

Integer Cards In order to succeed in Algebra, students need to develop fluency working with positive and negative numbers. The Integer Cards app provides the practice that students need to help make adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing of integers an easy and automatic process. Integer Cards encourages the development of mental math strategies for working with integers. Each exercise in Integer Cards generates an integer and two actions to perform with the given number.

By executing the rule, students will develop fluency working with positive and negative numbers. With this app they will master the basic fundamentals required to complete different operations. It requires iOS 4.3 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

Lisa Englard. (March 26, 2013). Integer Cards. [iTunes, $0.99]. Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/integer-cards/id625986775?mt=8 Integers for Monkeys Integers for Monkeys is a teacher-designed app for practicing integer addition and subtraction -vital skills for all pre-algebra and algebra students. A floating balloon is blown up and down a vertical number line by a pair of comical monkeys as the player solves each problem. But beware the bee! If you're too slow or even get the answer wrong, your balloon gets popped! There are 7 challenging levels. From single digits and single signs, to subtracting negatives using multiples of 5, the problems types are designed to increase number sense and push players toward fluency. Particular skills each begin with their own level, and players have the opportunity to practice each new skill in isolation before mixing them all together in a final challenge round. It requires iOS 5.1 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is also optimized for iPhone 5.

Andrew Dirksen. (Oct 01, 2013). Integers for Monkeys. [iTunes, $0.99]. Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/integers-for-monkeys/id576212406?mt=8 Integer Games The www.hoodamath.com website is very useful when students are learning integers. This website is easy access and operate from the home page. To use the different categories the student would have to click on subject to play games that contributes to the instruction being taught. This website also ties into the common core standard ( 6.NS.C.6a Recognize opposite signs of numbers as indicating locations on opposite sides of 0 on the number line; recognize that the opposite of the opposite of a number is the number itself). When teachers use this tool to enhance their instruction in the class, they will find that it will help to build skills in an exciting way that that keep the students' interest.

HoodaMath. (2014). Integer Games. [Website] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.hoodamath.com/games/integer.html 180 | P a g e

Integer Practice, Problems and Worksheets The www.adaptedmind.com website has various activities for sixth graders that addresses many topics of study. This website gives the students a visual that is stimulating when completing activities the teacher instruct them to complete. Students can choose from six different lessons that cater to integers and the importance of knowing have to solve integers in different aspects.

It ties into common core because students are learning how to use positive and negative numbers to represent quantities. This website will be useful for teachers to use because it offers many opportunities for students to develop their skills with the real number system and applying it to real-world situations.

AdaptedMind. (2013). Integers Practice, Problems and Worksheets. [Website] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.adaptedmind.com/categorylist.php?categoryId=18 Interactive Integers - Addition and Subtraction This app provides two fun interactive methods for learning and understanding addition and subtraction of positive and negative numbers. The color tile model and number line model are two of the most common classroom methods for teaching integers. These methods help students visually understand integer concepts instead of relying only on memorization of rules. The color tiles allows students to drag yellow positives tiles and red negative tiles around the screen to solve addition problems. The number line problems are guided with step-by-step directions to guide the students through the application. They will be able to practice many different examples with this application as it refers to the instruction. It requires iOS 4.0 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

TicTapTech. (Sep 06, 2012). Interactive Integers - Addition and Subtraction. [iTunes, $0.99]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/interactive-integersaddition/id461996605?mt=8 Math Games for 6th Grade The www.mathchimp.com website is a great tool for students to master their skills with integers.

This website contribute to the common core standard because students have the opportunity to understand integers and their functions on number lines. The website also has videos, games, and worksheets to guild the students knowledge of the instruction. Teachers could use this tool to enhance their instruction tremendously. There are many different opportunities this website offers to engage students in the material. They will find that it is easy to use and their experience will be gratifying.

Math Chimp. (2015) Math games for 6th grade. [Website] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.mathchimp.com/6th-grade-math-games

MathTappers: Numberline - a math game to help children learn whole numbers, integers & real numbers MathTappers: Numberline is a learning game that challenges players to find the locations of numbers on a number line. This game allows players to develop their understanding of the 181 | P a g e

number system and their proportional reasoning skills by giving them an opportunity to consider the relative positions of whole, integer and real numbers on a number line. This application is helpful because it keeps the students engaged in a consistently changing environment so they remain interested. Teachers will find this application a joy to use in their instruction because its a fun way to get students to learn. It also helps students go more in depth with the number system with the different learning opportunities this application offers. The app requires iOS 4.2 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

Tim Pelton. (Sep 30, 2011 ). MathTappers: Numberline - a math game to help children learn whole numbers, integers & real numbers. [iTunes, Free]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/mathtappers-numberline-math/id463632109?mt=8 Natural Numbers, Whole Numbers, and Integers , Intermediate Algebra , Lesson 1 This video introduces the beginning process of learning the differences in natural numbers, whole numbers, and integers. It also introduces the number line that represents the different number systems so students can get an understanding of what they look like on the number line.

This is a very helpful video because its short and to the point of what these concepts of the number system mean. Students will not have a difficult time with this video, in fact, they will find it easy to watch and follow along with the methods being taught to understand the differences between natural numbers, whole numbers, and integers as it relates to the number system.

Learn Math Tutorials (Producer). (2012). Natural Numbers, Whole Numbers, and Integers, Intermediate Algebra, Lesson 1. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DA5KOdRXBC0&list=PLXkqIzYHy9Y1EhjAfB81n6TY3J N5NVU6t

Orbit Integers Orbit Integers is a multiplayer racing game that allows students from anywhere in the world to race one another while practicing their integer addition facts. Your spaceship's speed is determined by how fast you answer the integer addition problems. This is a fun app for students to use to play games and learn from the different examples the games has to offer as well.

Students will find it fun and entertaining because they will have the chance to play with other people around the world. That also pushes them to learn the material as well because this app acts as a simulation to keep them engaged in the game while also learning the functions of the number system. It requires iOS 4.3 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Arcademics. (Mar 11, 2014). Orbit Integers. [iTunes, $0.99]. Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/orbit-integers/id509327723?mt=8 Ordering Integers on a Number line This instructional video teaches students how to properly order integers on the number line and describing the meaning and purpose of their position. This video gives clarity to the reason why 182 | P a g e

most integers are different from another and also how they function differently on the number line. The video is accompanied by an instructor that walks the student through every step of ordering integers on the number line. In this video, students review the basic definitions of integers, opposites, and absolute value. Covering this material will surely benefit their knowledge of the material given and instruction taught by the teachers. Teachers can incorporate this video in their lesson to given students another visual that can also be very helpful.

Lisa De Bartolo. (Producer). (2013). Ordering Integers on a Number Line. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HH5h5D-YQ6A Sets of Numbers- Natural, Whole, Integers, Rational, Irrational, Real this instructional video is lengthy but explains every meaning of the number system in one video.

Both students and teachers will find this video helpful because it offers information and examples of how to complete the instruction. There are detailed guidelines given when watching this video that students will have an ease with catching on to learning. The video goes in depth with each component of the number system that by the end of the video students should be able to have a better understanding of the material and should be able to comprehend better than before. Teachers will find this video helpful as well because it work hand and hand with the instruction they teach in class.

MrCaryMath. (Producer). (2011). Sets of Numbers- Natural, Whole, Integers, Rational, Irrational, Real. [YouTube]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9orS7coe2WI Sixth Grade Math Practice Thelpful to students because they have the opportunity to explore many examples of how the number system is used. This website is useful to common core standards because students will be using positive and negative numbers to describe opposite directions or values. This website is easy to use and teachers will find it helpful when implementing this software in their instruction.

It has many activities on the number system that the students can build their understanding of the material in a fun and helpful way.

IXL. (2015). Sixth Grade Math Practice. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.ixl.com/promo?partner=google&campaign=1214&redirect=%2Fmath%2Fgrade6&adGroup=6th+grade&gclid=COXz-6b6h8QCFcxj7Aod12wAjQ

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Lydia Woodard Unit Rationale – Interdependence, Major Biomes In this unit sixth grade students will be learning about interdependence in science. Sixth grade students need to learn more in depth about interdependence in science to have a strong understanding that all life is interdependent and interacts with the environment. Students may struggle with understanding how the organisms in each biome can be helpful or harmful to the environment and other organisms. Students will be looking into the world’s major biomes.

Students will analyze the environmental conditions of all biomes as well as the interdependencies of the organisms found in each biome. How do living things interact with one another and with non-living elements of their environment in each biome? Understanding of interdependence among organisms and how they differ within the world’s major biomes is important for all students to know. Students can relate this to the areas they live in and the multiple types of organisms that surround them. Students can also use this knowledge to further their understanding of the world, organisms and biomes it consist of, and how they are each reliant on the other.

Studying and understand interdependence in science is a learning expectation covered under the Tennessee Science State Standard 2.

GLE 0607.2.4 Analyze the environments and the interdependence among organisms found in the world’s major biomes.

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Present.Me Tutorial: http://present.me/view/265059-science-6th-grade Opening Commercial: 6_Interdependence.wav Glogster: http://lydiamariewoodard.edu.glogster.com/interdependence-consumers-producersdecomposers/

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ASSURE Lesson Plan Consumers, Producers, and Decomposers PowerPoint Presentation Name: Lydia Woodard Duration of Lesson: 40 minute (Day 4 of a 5 day unit)

Analyze learners

State & NETS*S objectives

Subject Area(s): Science Grade Level: 6th Grade

This lesson will occur to a group of nineteen third grade students, ten males and nine females, ranging from eight to nine years old. Five students have IEP’s or 504 plans. Guild Elementary is a Title One school. There are no ELL students in my class; all students are fluent in conversational and academic English. There are two students who have to be read aloud to for the duration of the lesson and assessment based on their IEP accommodations. There is no major difference between socio-economic statuses of the students. There are three African American students; the rest are Caucasian.

Prior to this lesson, students have learned about consumers, producers, and decomposers in a biological community and how each effects the other.

They read the chapter previously during the week. They also have prior experience with Microsoft PowerPoint. They have watched a tutorial video as well as completing several PowerPoints with other lessons.  GLE 0607.2.1 Examine the roles of consumers, producers, and decomposers in a biological community.  NET-S Standard 1. Creativity and Innovation: Students demonstrate creative thinking, construct knowledge, and develop innovative products and processes using technology.

Behavioral Objective: Given information about consumers, producers, and decomposers in a biological community; students will assemble a Microsoft PowerPoint presentation in order to demonstrate that they understand what consumers, producers, and decomposers are and how they are dependent upon each other in an environment.

Language Objective: Students will comprehend and apply key words from the lesson: organisms, consumer, producer, decomposer, community, environment, and interdependence, effect, and biological roles.

Students will apply these key terms through discussion, their notes, and in their PowerPoint presentation. They will be able to compare and contrast the three types of organisms, and describe the roles of each. They will be able to describe how each type of organism effects the community. They will be able to provide

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examples in sentence form using terms that demonstrate their understanding about the organisms and their roles in a community.

Select instructional methods, media, and materials

Curriculum Materials:     

(20) Pencil (20) Paper (20) Instruction Sheet for PowerPoint (20) Rubrics Science Textbook: 20 copies and teacher addition for myself.

Borrero, F. (2008). Earth science: Geology, The Environment, and The Universe. New York: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill.

Technology Materials:



Utilize resources

Computer Lab

20 Computers with Microsoft PowerPoint installed and running.

Preparation for Media and Materials: Students will have pencil, paper, and their science textbooks on their desk ready to begin. I will have an instructional sheet about how to create their PowerPoint and what exactly needs to be on their PowerPoint. Attached to the instructional sheet will be a rubric so students can see the guidelines they need in order to get a successful grade.

I will make sure all of the computer lab computers are on and have Microsoft PowerPoint installed and working. I will create a file for all of the students to submit their PowerPoint to on each computer.

Preparations for the Classroom: My lesson will begin in my classroom. Students will be seated at their desk and there are no adequate rearrangements needed for my lesson in the classroom. We will then move to computer lab. There are no rearrangements that needed to be made to the computer lab.

Prepare the Learners: We will review the chapter together from the textbook. They will be taking notes as we review the chapter over consumers, producers, and decomposers. I will then hand the students an instructional sheet with guidelines for their PowerPoint and an attached rubric. We will read and review this together and move to the computer lab to begin.

Students will follow along with review and discussions during the chapter review. They will take any additional notes they need for the chapter. We 187 | P a g e

Require learner participation

Evaluate and revise

will review the instructional sheet for the PowerPoint and I will allow the students a chance to ask any questions or let me know if they have any concerns about the activity.

They will then create their PowerPoint using the instructions and required items on the instructional sheet. They will use the rubric to help guide them with what is needed to get a sufficient grade. When they complete the PowerPoint they will submit it into the file and print copies for their own use. I will require students to fill out their own rubric to check and make sure they have the necessities in their PowerPoint. The rubric requires students to have seven slides: title slide, consumer information, consumer examples, producer information, producer examples, decomposer information, and decomposer examples. The bottom of the rubric will have a portion for students to ask any questions or let me know about their concerns with the lesson and technology.

Formative Assessment (Process): I will ask the students questions for discussion during the chapter review.

I will use probing questions to get them thinking more in depth. This will help them by providing more adequate information to add to their notes. I will walk around and review their notes to make sure they are taking them. I will make sure their notes are sufficient and correct.

Summative Assessment (Product): Their assessment will be their completed PowerPoint. I will have then present it the following day for an additional assessment. Their PowerPoint should include the information provided on the instructional sheet. It should include seven slides (no more, no less). The slides should be in appropriate order, have informational content and examples in sentence and picture form, be creative, and display correct grammar and spelling. All of these requirements are in the rubric below:

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Rubric 0-10 Points Appropriate The slides are not Order and in appropriate Number of Slides order and the PowerPoint does not have the correct number of slides.

11-20 Points The slides are in appropriate order, but there are not the correct number of slides.

21-30 Points There are seven slides in the appropriate order.

Contain Required Content with Appropriate Examples

PowerPoint does not contain appropriate content and examples.

Contain required contents but had no examples.

Has appropriate content and examples in sentence and picture form.

Creativeness

Very basic. No creativeness.

Some creativeness, could use some additional creativity.

Very original and creative.

Grammar and Spelling

More than 10 grammar and spelling errors.

Between 5-10 grammar and spelling errors.

Less than five spelling and grammar errors.

TOTAL------->

______ / 30

Questions and Concerns:

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Instructional Sheet for Creating a Microsoft PowerPoint 1. Sit at assigned computer number in computer lab.

2. Open Microsoft PowerPoint.

3. Create new PowerPoint.

4. Choose a format of your choice.

5. Include Seven Slides: a. 1. Title Page with name, date, and title b. 2. Consumers- definition and roles in environment c. 3. Examples of Consumers- sentence form and at least three pictures d. 4. Producers- definition and roles in environment e. 5. Examples of Producers- sentence form and at least three pictures f. 6. Decomposers- definition and roles in environment g. 7. Examples of decomposers- sentence form and at least three pictures 6. Save as last name and title. For example: woodardScience 7. Submit to file folder: SciencePowerPointWoodard 8. Turn to your rubric. Complete it to the best of your knowledge over your individual PowerPoint. Make certain to list any questions or concerns with the lesson or technology at the bottom of the rubric.

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Unit Media Share

6th Grade Science Glossary # 2 6th Grade Science Glossary # 2 is a wonderful resource for students aged 10-12 to use for students. Science terms, their definitions, and simple understandable explanations are presented in this app with beautiful illustrations. A sixth grader with a thorough understanding of these science terms will have a sound foundation to build on. This interactive app will help students to succeed in science. Interactive practice modules for each of these sections are also included, to reinforce and help students retain what they have learnt. This app covers 134 science terms, 228 screens of learning and quizzes, and 134 pictures related to science terms. Understanding these glossary terms are paramount to kids as they help build foundational knowledge and understanding, not only in current grades but also in higher grades.

This app requires iOS 5.1 or later. It is Compatible with iPad. Nth Fusion LLCâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s. (May 13, 2014). 6th Grade Science Glossary # 2. [iTunes, $0.99] Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/6th-grade-scienceglossary/id874706270?mt=8 Bill Nye The Science Guy on the Food Web Bill Nye the Science Guy on the Food Web is a video that explains that all that we eat is connected to the ecosystems and the world around us. We can think of the connections as being a lot more complicated than a chain, so we call it a web. He uses a sandwich to help students make a connection between the food web and food we eat. It is a brief two minute video that would be a great set or closure for a lesson. The graphics and descriptions are good. Bill Nye is comical and engaging in the video.

Bill Nye. (Producer). (April 08, 2009). Bill Nye The Science Guy on the Food Web. [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-YwWiWxLr4&list=PLx5XU5vH8k75lt8chGXnSh1j-SpKLFByh&index=2 Ecology 2 (School) Ecology 2 (School) is an award winning science education app. It is an excellent resource for students to use during their science courses and for additional practice outside of class. This app is oriented for a life science or biology course that is designed to engage students to explore the topic of ecology. It is designed to address the needs of all students in the topic. It offers topics such as: what is a producer, consumer, food chain, population, ecological niche? It also offers interactions between organisms in ecosystems, such as producer/consumer, predator/prey, and 191 | P a g e

parasite/host relationships. This app includes: amazing examples of adaptations using different types of mimicry, drag and drop activities, explorations building and adjusting ecological pyramids, plus many images and videos showcasing examples of organisms and their environment. Some other key features include: Think! and Do You Know? strategies to help students further engage upon the topic, main point summaries, concept maps, and test yourself summary questions. This app has great ratings and reviews. I would recommend this app to all teachers and students in upper elementary grades.

This app requires iOS 5.1 or later and is compatible with iPad. Werkz Publishing Inc. (April 03, 2014). Ecology 2 (School). [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ecology-2-school/id649231064?mt=8 Ecosystems HD Ecosystems HD Ecosystems HD is a visually engaging and fun exploration of the major biomes of the Earth. This app is an amazing treat for the curious learner. Photos and videos enhance the learning and describe the characteristics of the biomes and their inhabitants. The Did You Know section has "WOW" facts related to each biome. The text-to-speech function narrates the text for the beginning reader. The fun ecosystems matching game is great way to learn or reinforce learning about the various ecosystems and their inhabitants. The quiz is based on Bloom's taxonomy and is designed to test not only remembering and understanding but also applying, evaluating, and analyzing the concepts. The content correlates to Common Core Standards in the USA. This app offers accommodations for students by letting them choose to be read aloud to and letting them choose easy, intermediate, or advanced level questions. This app is an excellent source for students and teachers alike. It has wonderful ratings and reviews.

Requires iOS 4.3 or later and is compatible with iPad. Updates often.

Sprout Labs LLC. (November 08, 2015) Ecosystems HD. [iTunes, $2.99] Retrieved on March 01, 2014 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ecosystems-hd/id547133275?mt=8 Energy Flow among Organisms Energy Flow among Organisms goes beyond the standard textbooks and takes learning to the next level. This app offers students to take part in virtual investigations, use simulations and models, collect data and analyze graphs all from their mobile device. Students will use a national park simulator to find the right balance of abiotic biotic factors in order to create an ecosystem model that is stable over time. Students will learn how energy flows through the components of an ecosystem. They will be learn to differentiate between biotic and abiotic factors, explore the effects of abiotic factors on plant and animal populations, understand the hierarchy of energy flow between producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers, and create their own sustainable ecosystem. With this app students will practice manipulating an interactive simulator to explore energy flow among organisms and using graphs to analyze and interpret data. Some other key features of this app include animations that explain the concepts being taught, step-bystep student support, and interactive tasks and quizzes to test student knowledge. This app aims toward upper elementary and middle school students. This app is very interactive and gives students a real-life experience using kinesthetic learning.

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This app requires Android 4.0 and up.

Adaptive Curriculum. (September 03, 2014) Energy Flow among Organisms. [Google Play, $1.99] Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sebit.adaptive.us610301cd Geography 4 Kids Geography4kids.com is a great source for all science, geography, and biology topics. It has a wide array of information for each topic and different grade levels. The section Another Link in the Food Chain offers great insight on the food chain, producers, consumers, and decomposers.

It informs students each of their roles in the food chain and how they produce energy for one another. The website presents videos and activities to go along with each topic. The site also allows students to move back and forth between relatable topics. This site would be an excellent source for teachers and students. It could be beneficial for student research or as a primary source for the teacherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lesson. Geography4kids.com would be a great website resource for parents to refer to as well. I would highly recommend this website to elementary and middle school students and educators.

Andrew Rader Studios. (1997-2015). Another Link in the Food Chain. [Website].

Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from http://www.geography4kids.com/files/land_foodchain.html Learning about Food Chains Learning about Food Chains is a great video for sixth grade students. It is mature and will keep them entertained. The teacher, Mr. DeMaio, takes students on a virtual and fun science lesson adventure. The video informs students about producers, consumers, and food chains. They learn what makes a producer so different than a consumer and how they fit into a food chain. You also meet some of Mr. DeMaio's science friends like Frederick the Tree (a producer that just doesn't know when to stop talking) and Barry (a talking cow that explains what a consumer is). Also, you will meet a bald eagle that explains who is really at the top of the food chain. This video is very interactive and entertaining. It would be a great lesson set or closure.

M DeMaio. (Producer). (January 14, 2014). Learning about Food Chains. [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CDO_B1Bbjl8 Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers is a 6 minute and 28 second YouTube video. The speaker in the video gives a description of an ecosystem and the factors that make up an ecosystem. She defines producers, consumers, and decomposers. She gives wonderful examples of different types of producers, consumers, and decomposers in multiple habitats. She also provides images to go along with each category above. The producer of this video did an excellent job giving a brief but complete definition of the three types of organisms. This would be a great set to begin a lesson, or as a brain refresher. The speaker in the video talks loud and clear, making it easy for viewers to understand her descriptions. This video would be beneficial for studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; 3rd to 7th grade.

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Shanan Riegle. (Producer). (July 02, 2014). Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers.

[YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hPqtwDxqj1g Science for Kids Science for kids offers fun science and technology for kids. Science Kids is the home of science & technology on the Internet for children around the world. Students can learn more about the amazing world of science by enjoying fun science experiments, cool facts, online games, free activities, ideas, lesson plans, photos, quizzes, videos & science fair projects. This website has everything a teacher or student needs for their science lesson. The website offers quizzes for all science topics including food chain, consumers, producers, and decomposers. It lets students take a look into real-life habitats and dissect the parts of it. One activity allows students to place the parts of the habitat into a food/energy cycle. This website would be a great source for parents, students, and educators. I would use this website within a science research project for my students because it contains so much information. The only limitation this website has is age range. It indicates that is primarily for elementary and middle-school aged children. However, the difficulty level is not appropriate for middle school children. It is aimed more for elementary school.

Science Kids (February 06, 2015). Science for Kids. [Website]. Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/topics.html Science Grade 8 7 6 Biology Science Grade 8 7 6 Biology app allows middle school level students to learn, review, and excel at science/biology concepts in a very simple and user friendly manner. In the "Learn" mode of the app, click on the "Concepts" or "Video" buttons, review the "concept text" or "concept videos" and then answer multiple choice questions related to the science/biology concept that you just reviewed. If the answer is wrong, a detailed "answer explanation" will be displayed, which will reinforce learning. Proceed in this manner to complete a particular topic at your own pace. In â&#x20AC;&#x153;Test Modeâ&#x20AC;? students use learning from the app and attempt multiple choice questions.

Again, the app prompts you with detailed answer explanation in case they answer wrong. This proven process again reinforces learning. Students can share their scores through email. This app allows for students to obtain strong foundation in biological sciences. This app is allows students to work at their own pace, accommodating students who may need extra time. This app is basic and not very interactive. I would not recommend this app for students whom are not at a middle school level. Overall, this mobile app achieves good ratings.

This app requires Android 4.0 and up. *Free for a limited time.

PJP Consulting LLC. (March 17, 2014) Science Grade 8 7 6 Biology. [Google Play. Free] Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.pjp.qvprep.biology678.lite&hl=en Sheppard Software: The Producer Consumer Decomposer The website http://www.sheppardsoftware.com offers multiple science lessons and games for children. The Producer Consumer Decomposer lesson in informative and simple. The following game is a fun way for student to differentiate between the three types of organism. The game 194 | P a g e

shows a picture and the students have to pick either producer, consumer, or decomposer. There is an option to get helpful hints for students who may be struggling. This website offers a great review for a lesson about producers, consumers, and decomposers. It would also be great practice for school and homework.

Sheppard Software. (n/a). The Producer Consumer Decomposer. [Website]. Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/content/animals/kidscorner/games/producersconsumersgame. htm Slide Share: Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers The website www.slideshare.net provides publicly shared slides. The slide share Producers, Consumer, and Decomposers by sth215 takes us through 21 very informative slides. These slides start with the basic and slowly progress. These slides would be beneficial 4 th-6th grade students.

The teacher could use these to aid her throughout the lesson, the students could use these for research or help with homework, and parents could use these to assist their children with homework. These slides include all the information you need to know about consumers, producers, and decomposers. Each slide provides informational text and images to help the viewer connect the description to a real-life photo. sth215. (Producer). (February 09, 2008). Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers.

[Website] Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from http://www.slideshare.net/sth215/producersconsumers-and-decomposers The Food Chain Mystery The Food Chain Mystery is a fifteen minute video about producers, consumers, and decomposers in the food chain. They characters in the video investigate and solve where energy comes from.

They explore how the energy relates to the food chain. In the video, the main speaker describes scientific terms that relate to the food chain. He explains how living things get energy through the food chain. This video is very interesting and fun for students. It has a lot of useful information about science. The video is broke into chapters. This would be beneficial for teachers because they could discuss with students what they are learning at each break. This would be great to use during a lesson and for students to review at home with their homework.

SchoolMedia, Inc. (2009-2015) The Food Chain [Interactive Video] Retrieved from http://schoolmediainteractive.com/view/object/quiz/0F8748E521DF193AD299B1AB788C3AD7 The Science Spot The website www.sciencespot.net offers so many resources for educators and students. The website includes science lessons, printable activities, PowerPoints, daily class warm-up activities, science club for project ideas, a nature center, a reference center, helpful and accommodating tech link and resources, an idea factory, and a puzzle corner. The website offers all science, biology, and chemistry topics. It was created and intended for middle school students and educators. My favorite portion is the daily class warm-up activities. When clicking on that tab, it brings you to a list of all topics. From there choose ecology, and then click Food Web. It pulls up a brief PowerPoint for the teacher to project to the board. The PowerPoint shows a 195 | P a g e

picture and ask a few brief questions about the picture. Students have to recognize producers, consumers, and decomposers. They write the answers to the questions on their own sheet of paper. This would be an excellent resource for the beginning of a lesson to activate and identify prior knowledge. It would be also be great for a class warm-up activity. Science spot also offers resources that correlate with state standards and interactive notebook ideas. I would recommend this website to all middle school science, chemistry, or biology teachers.

Tomm, Tracy. (March 1999) Updated (2015). The Science Spot. [Website]. Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from http://sciencespot.net/Pages/startersbiology.html What's Eating You: Producers, Consumer, Decomposers?

Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Eating You: Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers is a brief educational video about the food chain and the role producers, consumers, and decomposers play in the environment.

This video only last 1 minute and 42 seconds. It would be an excellent source to use during a lesson, and for students and parents to refer to at home for additional help or practice. The video provides small clips of segmented video along with descriptions of the type or organism the speaker is talking about.

Mrsefdubose. (Producer). (May 05, 2008). Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Eating You: Producers, Consumers, Decomposers? [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnffYkN1UDk

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Media Share Resources

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English/Language Arts 4th grade Homophones The website www.ixl.com is a good academic websites for teachers and students.

Teachers can use this website for students to practice multiple ELA standards specifically for their particular grade. This website has homophones for 4 th grade and two different links that students can click on for them to practice. One is identifying homophones, and the other is use the correct homophone. Both sections help students master the use of homophones, which is important for children to learn and know for reading and writing purposes.

IXL Learning. (2015). 4th Grade Homophones. [Websites] Retrieved from http://www.ixl.com/ela/grade-4 4th Grade Reading The 4th grade reading app is a lot like the 4th grade reading comp app. The content is based on the Common Core State Standards, and it has multiple readings for children to do to improve their comprehension, fluency, and also the other state standards. It is great for the classroom, because children can get on the app and work at their own pace. Some of the skills on the app, are main idea, explain events happening in the story, and understanding the meaning of general text (including homophones).

This app is compatible for Droid users, and on any desktop or laptop computer.

Peekaboo Studios. November 16, 2014. 4th Grade Reading [Google Play $3.99] Retrieved from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.Peekaboo.Google.reading4 4th Grade Reading Comp The 4th Grade Reading Com app is great for students to use. The content is set around the Common Core State Standards. It helps student improve their reading and comprehension and fluency. This app covers homophones and other important concepts on a fourth grade level. The

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app is also great, because it lets the students work at their own place. This app would be great for a classroom computers for students to get on and practice reading.

This app is compatible for Droid users, and on any desktop or laptop computer.

Peekaboo Studios. August 27, 2013. Fourth Grade Reading Comp [Google Play $2.99] Retrieved from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.Peekaboo.Google.read4 6th Grade Literacy: Reading Demo Analyzing Different Genres This is the longest of the videos I have selected, but I think this video is of good value to an instructor. Seeing the lesson taught by another teacher can reveal what to do or what not to do, and watching this can benefit students as there are differing teaching styles. Students would only be able to view portions of this video, as it may not make complete sense being taught to an entire separate classroom. This presentation correlated perfectly with the standards of this Unit, as it was prepared specifically with those goals.

APSK12Video. (2013). 6th Grade Literacy: Reading Demo Analyzing Different Genres.

[YouTube Video]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JVIPH1rSDmk 6th Grade Skills- Compare and Contrast With this Unit revolving around comparing and contrasting forms and genres, this is a great video to emphasize the importance of being able to do that. It goes beyond telling students how to do it, but, rather, why they must be able to do this on your own. The narrator actually introduces the subject explaining that it is a process in which we compare new information to what we already know. Instead of just expanding our knowledge, we are also sorting out what we do know.

Wishnefsky, Elliot. (2013). 6th Grade Skills- Compare and Contrast. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved March 1, 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rMmbzZqlgdQ Amazing World Atlas This childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s atlas application is an exciting, interactive tool designed to actively engage a learner. With this app, students can explore continents, countries, and even cities. It is abounding with facts about culture, wildlife, and food. There are tons of educational games that can be played all while learning to use a reference tool. This app is unique because it not only includes engaging learning activities, but also utilizes assessment tools like quizzes and matching games.

Lonely Planet Publications Pty. Ltd. (November 12, 2014). Amazing World Atlas. [iTunes, $2.99]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/amazingworld-atlas-by-lonely/id916745147?mt=8

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Britannica Kids: Volcanoes Britannica Kids apps are a fantastic resource to use when integrating multiple subject material into a lesson. This specific app, focusing on volcanoes, could be used in a variety of ways.

Students can practice using a reference material to conduct research while also learning critical science material. This app is full of information, activities and games. The picture quality is amazingly inviting and navigation of the app is fairly simple. Topics covered within this app include: The Erupting Earth, Lava and Magma, Types of Volcanoes, Birth of an Island, Plate Tectonics, Eruptions, and Decade Volcanoes (featuring 16 of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s deadliest volcanoes).

There are fun activities like jigsaw puzzles, word and picture scrambles, and interactive maps.

This app holds impressive potential to be not only entertaining and fun, but also extremely educational.

Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. (September 13, 2014). Britannica Kids: Volcanoes. [iTunes, $4.99]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/britannicakids-volcanoes/id388309543?mt=8

Comparing Themes Across Genres This presentation uses awesome animations as a brief reminder of themes and genres.

Comparing Themes Across Genres provides a few examples for students to see in comparison, not all to be taken seriously. I would only use this as an introductory source, as a cute little animation to ignite student interest in the topic. It is sometimes okay to be brief and simple, as long as it is to make room for student thinking and creativity.

PowToon. (2013). Comparing Themes Across Genres. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ph7Zt7ciy90 Donnayoung.org Donnayoung.org is a wonderful resource for educators to utilize when teaching about dictionaries. The webpage outlines a sample dictionary lesson and gives helpful tips and practice activities. As the concept of guide words is a difficult concept/skill for young children to master, the outlined lesson focuses on that skill specifically. In order to check for understanding and informally assess the depth of the studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; understanding, examples of possible questions to ask are also given. Finally, teachers are given suggestions of other skills to teach in correlation with dictionary skills.

Donnayoung. (1025). "Guide Words and the Dictionary." [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://donnayoung.org/english/research/guide-words.htm. eSpark Learning: Comparing/Contrasts Texts with Different Genres Instructional Video (6.RL.9) This terrific YouTube video was created by two teachers collaboratively. They both speak an equal amount, and give the video a sense of a monologue (rather than a mere instructional 200 | P a g e

video). The graphic within the video are very neat, and they make the video intriguing to watch.

Little details, like displayed the words being typed in the video, grasp student attention and could result in better comprehension. The video covers the lecture portion of displaying the content, and also shows students examples of how to apply the knowledge attained to stories they actually know and love. eSpark: LearningVideos. (April 8, 2010). eSpark Learning: Comparing/Contrasts Texts with Different Genres Instructional Video (6.RL.9). [YouTube Video]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwpVGotlvL4 Fifth Grade Writing Standards Time4Writing.com provides a summary of the writing standards for fifth grade. The site also provides strategies for writing which are the stages of the writing process. One great piece of information provided is how fifth grade students should be able to utilize technology to complete the steps of the writing process. This includes a summary of the tasks that fifth graders can do using technology and word processing programs. Another list that the website provides is a list of the purposes for writing (i.e. informative, persuasive, creative). The website also includes a section about grammar which is important for the revising stage of the writing process. This site is not only a great source for students, but it is also a useful resource for educators.

Fifth Grade Writing Standards. (2014). Fifth Grade Writing Standards. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.time4writing.com/writing-resources/writing-standards/fifthgrade/ Fourth grade learning game This app is great not because it has a section over homophones, but it covers math and ELA material. The app has different sections for children to pick on such as: fractions, word problems, missing vowels, spelling, angles and geometry, graphs and grids, punctuation and grammar, synonyms and antonyms, patterns, and homophones. This app incorporates these educational concepts from the Common Core State Standards into fun games for fourth graders to play. During these games the children fly spaceships, race cars, and throw darts to achieve mastery. This app helps children master Common Core State Standards, by playing games, and homophones is one of them. When you download this application the first three sections are the ones that are unlocked. To unlock the other section you must pay $1.99 and all the other sections unlock and the children are ready to start playing.

This app requires iOS 6.0 or later, and is Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Bradford, Kevin LLC. 2013. Fourth Grade Learning Games. [ITunes, $.99 or $1.99] Retrieved from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/fourth-grade-learning-games/id658561085?mt=8 Grammar Dragon

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This app is for children to rescue all their friends from the Grammar Dragon. Grammar Dragon is a learning game that incorporates words and sentence structure to a particular grade level. This app is great for teachers to use in multiple grades including: 2 nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th grade. It helps children practice the Common Core State Standards that are suitable for their grade level and beyond if they excel. The app engages children in a hands-on learning process, implementing kinesthetic learning.

This app requires iOS 6.1 or later, and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

New River Community College. (2014). Grammar Dragon [ITunes $0.99] Retrieved from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/grammar-dragon/id397730260?mt=8 Graphic Organizers Eduplace.com is an educational website through Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Under Classroom Resources, there is a list of thirty-eight different charts and diagrams used for planning and prewriting. This website would be very resourceful for the standard because it would aid in the pre-writing stage of the writing process. Some examples of the charts provided are spider web diagram, Venn diagram, KWL charts and so on. Given that there are so many charts to choose from, they can aid in many different types of writing. The charts are printable which makes them easily available for classrooms with few computers.

Graphic Organizers. (2015). Classroom Resources. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/interactives/letter_generator/

Homonyms, Homographs, and Homophones The website: www.spellingcity.com is a great website for teachers and children, because there are resources for all ages. This website covers a good amount of Common Core Standards, and is easily navigated. The website has a homophone section where there are links to video sessions, games, word lists, and enrichment strategies. These links are great tools for teachers to use in their lessons to engage students, and let them practice with the games. This website goes even further and explains about homographs and homonyms which is good for furthering a child knowledge.

Vocabulary Spelling City. (2007-2015). Homonyms, Homographs, and Homophones. [Website].

Retrieved from http://www.spellingcity.com/homophones-and-homonyms.html Homophones This video is great for students to learn the different homophones. This video goes through and gives examples of different homophones. The video gives a picture describing each homophone, gives a sentence using the homophone, then spells the correct homophone that is being used in the sentence. Teachers can show this video to students to get their minds thinking before they write or before the homophone lesson.

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Gregory Sunnij. (Producer). April 25, 2012. Homophones [You Tube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_M_Dl4DyGU Homophones The website: www.mrswarneralrington.com is a great website for teachers and children to use to learn and practice homophones. This website has different definitions of homophones, different examples of homophones, links for games over homophones, and a video that explains homophones. This website is especially designed for a 4 th grade class. Teachers will really like this website because it also has other tabs on it for ELA, Math, and Science for teachers to use to get ideas for other lessons.

Warner, Joanne. 2014. Homophones. [Website}. Retrieved from http://mrswarnerarlington.weebly.com/homophones.html Homophones!

The video, homophones, is great for students to watch, because in the video the children are showing their picture and saying their sentence or sentences describing the homophones they selected. This video shows students different homophones and how they can use them in a sentence, which is important for students to know and understand. This is a great video for teachers too, because it shows them a lesson they can do over homophones.

Ms. Diemâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Thinkers. Nov. 7 2013. Homophones [You Tube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w5sZUFYGZXA Homophones 4th Grade Lesson Homophones is a video for teaching students homophones. This video shows how a teacher makes the students read sentences, then she goes over the different homophones in the sentence. The students pick if the homophone works correctly or not. Understanding homophones is important for students to understand so that they use the correct spelling in their sentences when writing. It is also important for the child to understand homophones when they are reading so they know what the wordâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s meaning is.

Costello, CJ. (Producer). Nov. 11, 2014. Homophones 4 th Grade Lesson. [You Tube Video].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HasDNzZDWOI Homophones/Homonyms The website: www.enchantedlearning.com is a great resource for teachers and students.

This website is a great resource for teachers, because it has a huge list of homophones and homonyms. It also has quizzes and worksheets that you can give to your students for drill and practice. This website is also great for students to get on and practice by themselves, because it shows them all the different homophones, and they can take quizzes that make students identify homophones and write a homophone for each word.

Enchanted Learning. (1996-2012). Homophones/Homonyms. [Website]. Retrieve from http://www.enchantedlearning.com/english/homonyms/ 203 | P a g e

Homophones and Homophone Gobbler The website: www.theturtlediary.com helps children learn about homophones through gaming. This website has multiple games on homophones, but the two that are centered on the fourth grade standard, are Homophones and Homophone Gobbler. These games have been designed for 4th grade students to help them understand and practice homophones. This website also has games for Kindergarten, First, and Second Grade.

The Turtle Diary. (2015). Homophones. [Website] Retrieved from http://www.turtlediary.com/grade-4-games/ela-games/homophones.html Homophones There, They’re, Their, To, Too, Two Song This video is great for students to see. They can watch this video and learn the song to remember the meanings of There, They’re, Their, To, Too, and Two. The video starts with the definition of a homophone then goes into the song. This is another great way to start off a lesson, and every lesson that you do over homophones to let the students learn the song.

Grammar Songs by Melissa. (Producer). Sept. 20, 2014. Homophones There, They’re, Their, To Too, Two Song [You Tube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7911KEv-TI4 How to Analyze a Literary Passage: A Step-by-Step Guide An adorable video with pop-up cartoon graphics, students are led through the steps of understanding and comprehending texts. Analyzing passages is vital for students to be able to compare and contrast details of genres and forms of literature. To see similarities and differences, they have to be able to see particulars within pieces of writing. Only then can students transform stories to poems or poems to stories.

Education Portal. (2015). How to Analyze a Literary Passage: A Step-by-Step Guide. [Video].

Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/how-to-analyze-aliterary-passage-a-step-by-step-guide.html How to Write an Essay Rap The How to Write an Essay Rap is a fun and energetic video that teaches viewers how to write an essay. The rap is in order from the introduction to the conclusion. The video is extremely catchy and easy to remember which could allow the rap to be a resource even after the video is finished. The rapper uses academic language related to writing in the app which can be a great tool to teach students the proper terminology. The video would be most helpful for middle and high school grades, but it could still be used for some elementary classes. Because it is an upbeat musical video, students will be engaged from start to finish.

Jedd Bloom. (Producer). (2013). How to Write an Essay Rap [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tRpPHylKFCQ 204 | P a g e

How to Write a Paragraph How to Write a Paragraph is a great media resource that teaches students the appropriate way to construct a paragraph. The app is an interactive ebook with click and drag features, flash cards, graphic organizers, multiple choice questions and many more hands on activities for learners. It is a great source to review previously learned concepts. The app has very colorful and relatable graphics which makes it easy to understand and use. It is set up like a PowerPoint presentation where the reader can tap the next page instead of using a swiping action to turn the page. The app is great for reviewing syntax, paragraph structure, and other important elements for constructing an essay.

Classroom Complete Press. (2012). How to Write a Paragraph. [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/how-to-write-aparagraph/id560042578?mt=8 Internet4Classrooms Internet4Classrooms is a wonderful resource that offers many activities for parents and children to learn about reference materials. This website includes the content standard to which the activities are linked while also providing links to other helpful resources. This webpage is linked to the page that encompasses this standard: “Understand the purpose of reference materials (e.g., table of contents, glossary, dictionary, thesaurus, atlas, encyclopedia). 0201.4.6.” Students are provided with a worksheet containing information on how to use a dictionary, graphic organizers to practice using an index, and links to digital picture dictionaries. The digital picture dictionary is a wonderful option to utilize for struggling readers and writers. This site also provides educators with a multitude of ideas for students to make books. Step-by-step instructions for making these books are provided as well. This provides a wonderful avenue for students to demonstrate their knowledge of a table of contents and a glossary.

Internet4Classrooms. (2015). Second Grade English Language Arts Standards and Activities. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://www.internet4classrooms.com/skills_2nd_lang_new.htm.

Introduction to Dictionary Skills Introduction to Dictionary skills is a perfect starter video for very young children. It may even be beneficial for pre-school age children. It is very appealing to children as it is narrated by an animated young boy. This video utilizes a children’s picture dictionary to illustrate how to find words, perfect for young children or struggling readers. It uses kid-friendly language for the most part, but uses academic language as well. This video focuses mainly on how to locate words and their definition, multiple meanings of words, and spelling words correctly. Therefore, parts of speech, synonyms, antonyms, and word origin are not included. While this video may not be ideal for higher grade levels, it would be a great introductory video for young learners.

Oxford Education. (Producer). (2011). Introduction to Dictionary Skills. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fo2cSioY6wI

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iTooch iTooch 5th Grade Language Arts is a great resource for grammar. The app is in the format of a game. Players can earn points and progress in levels. The app is broken down into three categories: Grammar, Verbs, and Vocabulary and Spelling. Each of those categories is broken into subcategories like conjunctions, sentence types, abbreviations and so on. The questions are fill in the blank and multiple choice which is a great way for students to not only review grammar, but also to review different test taking formats. This app will help writers to familiarize themselves with appropriate syntax, use bigger words, and learn proper verb usage.

Because it is a game, students are engaged and learning is more enjoyable. The app aligns with Common Core State Standards. It is compatible with both iPhone and iPad. eduPad. (2011). iTooch 5th Grade Language Arts. [iTunes, 5.99] Retrieved March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/itooch-5th-grade-language/id423779711?mt=8 Kids Learningâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Learn about Homophones This video about homophones is a great way to start off a lesson. It shows what a definition of a homophone means, plus gives examples of different homophones such as blue, blew, and sun, son. The video shows these different homophones used in a sentence, which is important for children to know how to do when writing. This video is a great way to get students engaged, because most students love videos.

Iken Edu. (Producer). 2012. Kids Learningâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Learn about Homophones [You Tube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gsUEhDeD-mM Kids Picture Dictionary Kids Picture Dictionary is an application that allows young children to view pictures their corresponding labels/names. With over 650 words, this app is a wonderful tool for young learners to learn to use a reference tool. It also has a very unique feature: the ability to voice record words or sentences along with an audio pronunciation tool for each dictionary entry. This is a wonderful tool for young learners to practice pronouncing common words. This picture dictionary app is also ideal for English language learners as they can not only learn to spell English words, but also practice their pronunciation skills. eFlashApps. (March 2, 2013). Kids Picture Dictionary. [iTunes, $1.99]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/kids-picture-dictionaryeducational/id482972824?mt=8

Letter Generator Readwritethink.org is home to a letter generating activity that helps students type and create a letter. Students can choose to write a friendly letter or a business letter. The first step is for students to fill out their address and the date. The user then has to type the name of the person they are writing and the address where the letter will be sent. This would be a good review for students to remember their address and the addresses of family members. The next step is to review what a greeting is for a letter and to type a greeting. The body of the letter is typed next.

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This is not only a good way for students to practice writing paragraphs, but because writing assessments are moving from pencil and paper to computers, it is good typing practice. Students then write the closing and the letter is available to print. Although writing a letter is not writing an essay it is still an important life skill to learn. Students will also benefit from the extra practice.

Letter Generator. (2010). Letter Generator. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/interactives/letter_generator/ Literacy Planet Literacy Planet helps children in spelling, grammar, comprehension, and writing skills. The app directly correlates with this unit, and the standards (Tn ELA Standard for Literature 9). It focuses specifically on differentiating genres and delving into pieces of literature. The graphics of this app are very intriguing, and of great quality. Literacy Planet also coincides with an online literacy program, and the two work simultaneously to keep up with development and skills. I did not include the website as a separate source of media, as the two are meant to work in unison and they are designed to be used as one.

Intrepica Pty Ltd. (March 1, 2014) Literacy Planet. [Google Play. Free.] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=air.com.literacyplanet.literacyplanet&hl=en

Merriam-Webster Dictionary Merriam-Webster Dictionary is a very simple app with a simple purpose: to find words, their meanings, parts of speech, etc. This app does not have educational childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s games, but serves the purpose of a dictionary. It does, however, include convenient and useful features such as: voice search, an integrated thesaurus containing synonyms and antonyms, example sentences, quick definitions, audio pronunciations, word of the day, favorites, and a recent history section.

This app would be extremely useful in a classroom with limited desktop computers as it could be downloaded to electronic devices and used just as well as a typical dictionary.

Merriam-Webster, Inc. (September 23, 2014). Merriam-Webster Dictionary. [iTunes, Free]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/merriam-websterdictionary/id399452287?mt=8 MindsInBloom MindsInBloom is a wonderful website for teachers and parents. Throughout this website, you will find activities, worksheets, brain teasers, and freebies. Specifically, this website provides a fantastic list of activities for students to practice dictionary skills. Activities range from scavenger hunts to mystery word games to constructing a classroom dictionary. These ideas help teachers to think outside of the box and to move past the standard worksheet practice. However, it does also provide worksheets for students to practice with guide words, syllables, pronunciation, correct spelling, parts of speech, and finding definitions.

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MindsInBloom. (2015). “8 Fun Dictionary Activities.” [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015, from http://www.minds-in-bloom.com/2010/01/8-fun-dictionary-activities.html.

MobyMax- Math and Reading This app is a wonderful resource for instructors! It provides complete curriculum for 6th grade ELA (also, curriculum for math and ELA for grades K-8). MobyMax monitors student progress, aligns with student IEPs, and coincides with Common Core standards. The most significant area of this source is the wide variety of utilizing it in the classroom. The app provides tools like Messenger, Clicker, contests, games, goals, certificates, printable worksheets, and parent portal!

The differentiation along with easy access makes this such a terrific source for teachers, students, and parents.

MobyMax Education. (January 6, 2014) MobyMax- Math and Reading. [Google Play. Free.]

Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.mobymax.mmdroid

My First English Word Dictionary My First English Word Dictionary is a wonderful tool to help children to expand their vocabulary. It not only provides definitions, but it also provides sample sentences using the words as well as pictures. This app also includes games and activities, a favorites section for children to save their favorite words, and includes over 1200 words. This app also includes activities for children to practice spelling skills and to help improve memory.

Dev IT Solutions Pvt. Ltd. (December 4, 2013). My First English Word Dictionary. [iTunes, $9.99]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/my-first-english-worddictionary/id641899351?mt=8

Power Proofreading Eduplace.com is an educational website through Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Power Proofreading is an educational game that provides access to exercises in proofreading. The game is set up to be a TV station. The student’s main task is to proofread and edit the cue cards.

Students highlight the error on the cue card and a box pops up. When students correct the error a green lightning bolt flashes, if students are incorrect, a red lightning flashes. Students are able to choose from a vast list of topics, which makes the game more engaging. The game is designed for students in grades 2-8. Students can choose activities suited to their age level by selecting the appropriate grade. This is a great resource for students to practice looking for errors in writing which can be done during the editing part of the writing process.

Power Proofreading. (2015). Kids Place. [Website] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.eduplace.com/kids/hme/k_5/proofread/proof.htm

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Prompts 4 Kids Prompts 4 Kids is a great writing resource for students suffering from writers’ block. It is a prompts generation that works quickly to give students a writing prompt or topic. There are four buttons on the app. The first is “Add a Situation”. When students tap this button, they are given a situation to write about. They can then click on the “Add a Character” button which will give them a character to use in the situation. The third button is the “Add a Setting” button which gives students an idea for a setting. The final button is the “Add an Object” button. This is a cool twist to writing because it gives students an object to include in their writing. For example, if you click on all four buttons you might get a prompt like, main character can always tell when someone isn’t telling the truth for the situation, a cowgirl for the character, a shoe store for the setting, and a balloon for the object. There is also an “Instant Prompt” button that gives writer’s an instant prompt in the place of clicking all four buttons. This app is useful for getting the writer’s mind flowing, and it’s a great way to generate ideas. There is also a great feature on the app called “Better Words” which is a word bank of academic language words and stronger synonyms. The app is compatible with iPad and iPhone.

Teacher Created Resources, Inc. (2013). Prompts 4 Kids. [iTunes 1.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/writing-prompts-for-kids/id533233202?mt=8 Proof Reading Proof Reading is a very engaging video about the proof reading stage of the writing process. The video is very short and quick. It is set to music with no speaking. Because the video moves so quickly, viewers are forced to pay attention in order to understand what is going on. The video provides great tips for proofreading a paper such as read aloud, read after a break, pause for commas, and so forth. If the writer follows the suggested steps, they can be more effective in catching mistakes in their work. This aligns well with the standard because it aids writers in the proofreading stage of the writing process. In less than two minutes, viewers can learn a great deal of information.

EducationFilms. (Producer). (2012). Proof Reading. [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsGx4-vUpKs Punctuation & Capitalization Much like the Writing Skills app, Punctuation & Capitalization is a terrific resource for essay writers. The app is designed like an anchor chart with pages that flip. It is broken down into categories and subcategories of every punctuation mark possible. The app helps essay writers understand the appropriate placement of punctuation marks in writing. Punctuation & Capitalization is not a game, but rather a resource that can help students of all ages become successful, error-free writers. This app would be best used during the editing step of the writing process because it can aid students in correcting errors in punctuation. The app is compatible with iPad and iPhone on the IOS 6.0 system or later. There is also an app for the Android Market.

Digital Partners Media. (2013). Punctuation and Capitalization. [iTunes, 1.99] Retrieved March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/punctuation-capitalization/id399194850?mt=8 209 | P a g e

Reference Materials The video “Reference Materials” is actually a song that is sung in collaboration with a PowerPoint slideshow. The producer is a camp counselor who was looking for an interesting way to introduce a lesson on reference materials. The song includes versus on dictionaries, encyclopedias, thesauruses, etc. For example, “If I don’t know what a word means, how to spell it, the part of speech, I use dictionaries. Oh I use dictionaries.” It is sung to the tune of a popular song by Selena Gomez who is a well-known actress in children’s television as well as a singer.

The song is informational and very catchy. The Power Point slideshow exhibits pictures of the reference materials, pages from them, and people using them. This would be a wonderful song to teach kids for a unit on reference materials. It would also be perfect to use to benefit auditory and kinesthetic learners. kimmieey’s channel. (Producer). (2011). Reference Materials. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f0HsX-MzWQ&index=2&list=PLrMJNV6hYcu8RmS2WqxeJCKuCIY4BNcot Reference Materials Part 1: Dictionary, Encyclopedia, Thesaurus Reference materials Part 1 is an informative video set to the background of uplifting, fun music.

The narrator begins by outlining many different types of reference materials, but highlighting the ones are discussed in this video. She provides a sample dictionary entry, and points out all of the components of the entry including the guide words at the top of the page. She uses academic language such as: alphabetical order, headings, subheadings, articles, diagrams, captions, and labels. She also uses a sample encyclopedia pages about sharks to point out headings, subheadings, and charts. She ends the video by “reviewing what we learned” and invites the viewer to tune in to the next lesson on the atlas and the almanac. These videos would be a great option to utilize with an entire unit on reference materials.

SparkleyBarkley. (Producer). (2013). Reference Materials Part 1: Dictionary, Encyclopedia, Thesaurus. [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48IKfyP-Nug Same sound Spell Bound Luna and Leo are working on a spell book to bring animals to life. The child must use the correct word to bring the animal to life. This application is for students to pick either Luna or Leo, who are magicians in Magic School, master the magic of words. This application helps children understand homophones. The child must select the correct homophone that best completes the puzzle sentence before the time is up. If the player chooses the correct homophone than an animal comes to life. If the child chooses the incorrect homophone than the animal disappears.

This app is great for 4th grade children because it makes the children think about the words and choose the correct homophone. It also makes the students make sure the homophone makes sense in a sentence, which is another plus to the app.

This app requires iOS 3.1.3 or later, and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

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New River Community College Games. (June 15, 2011). Same Sound Spell Bound. [ITunes, $.99] Copyright 2011 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/same-sound-spell-boundhomophones/id442983953?mt=8

Short Story Elements: Definitions With flashcards, matching games, and concentration games, this website provides much practice for students within this Unit. Though it is simple, the simplicity is important when dealing with definitions. This Unit consists of much complexity when analyzing elements and forms of literature, so it is gravely important for students to grasp terms and components in order to understand the concepts of working with them and applying them.

Quia. (2015). Short Story Elements: Definitions. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015 from http://www.quia.com/jg/245140.html

Sixth Grade Learning Games Sixth Grade Learning Games helps students polish their reading comprehension skills, and allows practice for many other areas of Language Arts. The app coincides with sixth grade Common Core standards (understanding the details within a text), and also provides spelling and vocabulary games with words that students are expected to know or have more difficulty with.

Though a version of this app is available for free for iPhones and iPads with iOS 6.0 or later, the free version is limited to only three games (the full version is $1.99).

Bradford, Kevin. (October 2, 2014). Sixth Grade Learning Games. [iTunes. Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2014 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/sixth-grade-learninggames/id731118847?mt=8

Space Boards: Language Arts This app is convenient for teachers, as it contains many materials and sends the work directly to instructors (either by email or can be printed on the spot). Though this app is expensive, it is greatly interactive and calls for creativity from students. Students are able to hand write responses on the device(s). Utilizing this app may give students a sense of independence, as they self-check their work with assessments embedded in the material. The app breaks down the details of a text, and that will help a student conquer the standard of looking at what to compare and contrast between genres.

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NeoLithics. (January 6, 2012). Space Board: Language Arts. [iTunes. $19.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2014 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/language-arts-1st-6thgrade/id439532157?mt=8 Spies, School, and Reference Tools Spies, Schools, and Reference Tools is the perfect video for engaging students. It would be a very appropriate video to show at the beginning of a dictionary lesson. The video is about two children from outer space who have to attend middle school when they come to Earth. All around them, children are using unfamiliar words. A nice classmate shows them how to use a dictionary to figure out the definition of the words. This immediately provides an authentic reason that dictionaries are important. The video actually shows the character using the dictionary and guide words to find the word “ridiculous.” This video would be beneficial for young children as kid-friendly language is used throughout the entire video. The video is only slightly over four minutes so children should not lose focus as might be the case with a lengthy video. dcmpnad. (Publisher). (2011). Spies, School, and Reference Tools. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3D3FHPCvMkA Story Starters Story Starters is an activity set up specifically for practicing writing skills. It sets students up with prompts and themes that they need to drill. They get the opportunity to explore and dabble with their favorite stories and figure out what elements work together to produce great tales. This Unit requires for students to use their creativity in writing, and this websites helps students form ideas (especially when confronted with Writer’s Block). Story Starters can be used in many ways, in different environments.

Scholastic. (2015). Story Starters: Multi-Genre Writing Prompts for Kids. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/story-starters/adventure-writingprompts/tp://www.smartboardgames.com/5th-grade/5-reading-ela/writing-prompt-activit/ Story Starters Adventures This Scholastic.com game is an aid for students who need topic ideas or who may be suffering from writers’ block. The website is set up to look like a ship. Students “pull” a lever by clicking on it. In each window appears a character, a situation, and a writing style. Each window has its own knob that students can click on to change what appears in the box. For example a story starter might say: Write an article about a humble mechanic who solves a crime. The type of writing, the character, and the situation are all provided for the writer. This would be a great resource to use for writing assessment preparation and writing practice.

Scholastic Story Starters. (2015). Story Starters Adventure. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/story-starters/adventure-writing-prompts/

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The Realm of Fairy Tales Though this website is concerned with only one genre (subgenre) of literature, it is a neat source for students to explore on their own. The tasks and processes require working with a partner, and that peer interaction is key to remember. All too often, working on computers singles students out. However, it is not common for classrooms to have enough technological devices for each of the students to use simultaneously. Having students work on assignments with partners allows for more devices to be used at the same time, and it also allows that peer interaction that students need for social development.

WebQuest. [Hoke, Judy]. (1999). The Realm of Fairy Tales. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://web.archive.org/web/20111223225248/http://wwwma.beth.k12.pa.us/jhoke/jhwebquest/intro.htm

The Writing Process The Writing Process is a great learning resource for students who are learning about writing an essay. It is a good video for auditory or visual learners. The video has nice, clear graphics and an easily understood narrator. The video discusses the five stages of the writing process, and the steps that should be carried out in each stage. It does a great job of reinforcing the topic. The video provides suggestions for being a good writer and effectively carrying out each stage. This video is a good aid to teaching the standard because it clearly and effectively conveys the important information of the writing process that keeps the viewer engaged in what is being discussed.

Phleught. (Producer). (2014). The Writing Process. [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71Y2uIyJM4g TurtleDiary TurtleDiary provides students with interactive opportunities to learn about dictionaries and games to practice their skills. Students will learn about the structure of a dictionary and how to use the dictionary to discover the meaning of words, proper spelling, pronunciation, etc. They will being with an introduction, move into alphabetizing short words, follow with choosing the correct page for a word, and finally end with finding the correct word for a dictionary page. This game also provides an audio option for students to listen to the pronunciation of the words. The games also have a final assessment activity at the end of the lesson. This is important because it not only provides the student and the teacher with data, but also helps to determine if the student can move on to the next lesson or should continue to practice the skill.

TurtleDiary. (2015). How to use Dictionary. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://www.turtlediary.com/grade-2-games/ela-games/how-to-use-dictionary.html.

Vocabulary- Learn How to Use a Dictionary This video is an eight minute lesson about using the dictionary. The main character is a turtle, appropriate to engage young children, who gives a very detailed lesson on the ins and outs of 213 | P a g e

using a dictionary. The video begins by giving the definition of a dictionary. It then details the uses of dictionaries. It includes the meaning of words, to check the spelling of words, pronunciation, etc. Actual dictionary entries are used to label these components. The video then details the importance of alphabetical order and using guide words. It provides many convenient places to pause so an educator can practice the skills being learned. It also provides many examples of words and details how to put them into alphabetical order. This would be a wonderful assistive tool. Although it might be overwhelming to show the entire video at once because it is very detailed, teachers could use this video section by section to teach a lesson over the period of a few days.

Turtlediary. (Producer). (2104). Vocabulary-Learn How to Use a Dictionary. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kYTdJcA4_vk

Wacky Tales Wacky Tales focuses on creative writing skills. This Unit requires students to think imaginatively in order to compose different texts and genres. It is a simple guide to creating stories, and gets students excited about writing. The website FunBrain can be tricky when trying to find an ageappropriate game, but it is not meant to teach a lesson. It serves to assist in getting students excited about a topic, and interested in what more they can do with the lesson at hand. I would only use this as a tool for student interest, not practice or application of knowledge from a lesson or unit.

FunBrain. (2015). Wacky Tales. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://www.funbrain.com/funbrain/cgi-bin/wt.cgi?A1=s WatchKnowLearn WatchKnowLearn.org is a website compiled of many helpful resources about reference materials. The linked page provides a list of videos relating to this topic. There are videos about using a dictionary, using an encyclopedia, and even a children’s “rap” video about the importance of dictionaries. This website is unique because it includes a variety of information on multiple types of reference materials. The information comes in many forms to reach a variety of learners. The rap video would be a wonderful way to engage kinesthetic learners. The other videos are perfect for reaching auditory and visual learners. Also included are the suggestion age groups for the material. This is a nice bonus because that information can be used to scaffold student learning.

WatchKnowLearn. (2015). “Using Reference Skills (Atlas, Dictionary, Encyclopedia, Thesaurus).” [Website]. RetrievedMarch 1, 2015, from http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Category.aspx?CategoryID=1075&page=2.

Writing Ninjas: How to Write a Five Paragraph Essay Writing Ninjas: How to Write a Five Paragraph Essay is a kid-friendly resource for students in 214 | P a g e

elementary and middle school grades. The video is ninja themed which could be appealing for students. The graphics used in the video are easy to understand and aid in understanding what is being discussed. The video provides an overview of the five paragraph essay including the introduction, body paragraphs, and the conclusion. It discusses what should be included in each.

Examples are also provided which help to further understand the topic. The video also defines the important terminology such as a hook and thesis statement, and conclusion. It is a great review of the essay writing process.

InkWell Media. (Producer). (2014). Writing Ninjas: How to Write a Five Paragraph Essay.

[YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5uSJEiNZ1rE

Writing Skills Writing Skills is a great resource for students who are beginning to write essays. The app is designed like an anchor chart with pages that flip. It is broken down into six categories which are then broken into subcategories. The app discusses the different types of essays that students can write (i.e. persuasive, narrative, descriptive, and explanatory), and provides examples for each.

There is also a category for the writing process which gives the steps of each process and tips on how to best carry out each step. This app would help students accomplish the standard because it would aid in creating clear essays by using the writing process. Writing Skills is best suited for children ages nine and older. The app is compatible with iPad and iPhone on the IOS8 system.

Digital Partners Media. (2014). Writing Skills. [iTunes, 0.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/writing-skills-hd/id916547537?mt=8

Writing Skills: The Paragraph Writing Skills: The Paragraph is a great video for students to clarify what a paragraph is and how to write one. The video covers proper structure such as indenting and skipping lines. A very useful fact in the video is that one paragraph should cover ONE topic. A writer should not change topics during the paragraph. As the video is playing, the speaker is drawing a diagram on the board behind him. This provides a great visual so that viewers can better understand the concepts that are being discussed. The video is mostly addressing higher grade levels, but parts can be pulled out and utilized for many grade levels. This video is very resourceful for the topic because students need to effectively write a paragraphs to develop essays. engVid.com.(Producer). (2013). Writing Skills: The Paragraph. [YouTube Video].Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0IFDuhdB2Hk&spfreload=10

Writing with Writers A new way to engage students in writing, Writing with Writers invites students to partner with actual authors, editors, and illustrators to develop and furnish skills in writing different types of genres. This website consists of workshops with steps that guide students in writing, and this is a 215 | P a g e

great source for students to use on their own. It can serve as a reminder for students who forgot how to write a certain type of literature, or it can serve as a conductor for students who have more trouble grasping writing on their own.

Scholastic Inc. (2015). Writing with Writers. [Website]. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://teacher.scholastic.com/writewit/index.htm

Mathematics 2nd Grade Money Practice This website gives students practice with putting together different coins and banknotes to add or subtract, calculating totals or change. These are simple practice questions and consist of multiple choice and fill in questions. The illustrations of the money appear to be actual photographs of U.S. currency, which makes it appropriate for students to learn. If questions are missed, a statement pops up that simply says that the answer was incorrect, and should have been _____, but no explanations on why the answer was incorrect. [Free] MathABC.com. (2015). Math 2nd grade | Money. Retrieved March 3, 2015, from http://www.mathabc.com/math-2nd-grade/money 3rd Grade math Centers 3rd grade math centers is provided on a website called blairturner.com. It has several resources aligned with the Common Core Standards for teachers to be able to set up their math centers. There are sheets that explain each center and then activities that go along with it. For example there is a â&#x20AC;&#x153;Quadrilateral Bingoâ&#x20AC;? that is a fun game for students to play while learning about quadrilaterals. Below it explains how to use each center. She even has a test prep center for students.

This helps teachers a lot when they are setting up their room as the year goes on, Teachers do not have to figure out or get confused on what should come next when setting up a center. All they have to do is print out the materials and set it up.

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Turner, Blair. (Producer). (2015). Blairturner.com [Website]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from http://www.blairturner.com/2015/01/3rd-grade-math-centers-3-oa-4-3-oa-5.html 6th Grade Math Add and Subtract Integers This video on adding and subtracting integers is very helpful for students who like to understand the process in details. The video gives a short lesson on how to add and subtract integers. It also explains step by step of how to complete this operation so students will not miss the major components on the lesson. Another thing that is very helpful in this video is the speaker is a student. This is great because other students will feel comfortable listening and learning from another student that they may grasp the information better if it was a teacher speaking over the lesson. It brings a different approach to learning that all students should experience and thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s learning from a peer. This video offers a great opportunity for students to engage in an instructional video that is lead by another student.

Najaf Ali. (Producer). (2014). 6th Grade Math Add and Subtract Integers. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hD_c_CnnAaw AAAMath AAAmath.com is a great resource for varies math subjects. This website has many topics to choose from. When a topic is pulled up you can then view a specific problem and it will give you steps how to do the problem and an example problem. This website would best benefit to be added to a lesson not replace the lesson its self. For younger grades a teacher would have to navigate this website but for older grades a student could navigate the website on their own.

Students could take notes off of the site and add it to their notes in class. This website is useful for all grades and for most math subjects.

J. Banfill. (2009). aaamath. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.aaamath.com/grade5.htm

Add or Subtract Money (Word problems, $1 max) 2 nd Grade This video was produced in conjunction with questions involving money word problems for 2 nd grade found on CoolMath.com. The video shows a narrated lesson on how to read and solve word problems involving U.S. coins. The questions are read, explained, then worked out on the video. The video reviews strategies on solving word problems, teaching students to look for key words and phrases so that they will know how to solve the problems.

CoolMathGames.com. (2014, June 11). Add or subtract money (word problems $1 max) - 2nd Grade [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=alVWKOsJ5e8 Adding and Subtracting Negative Numbers , Intermediate Algebra , Lesson 2 This instructional video is incredibly helpful because it teaches students how to properly add and subtract numbers using a number line. The speaker makes it easy to understand the material being taught and how everything works together to get an outcome. This video is also very 217 | P a g e

detailed when it comes to understanding how to use these numbers on the number line. Teachers will find it helpful because it goes in depth with any instruction on the number system that the teacher will cover. Students will understand this lesson with easy because the instructions are clear. Using the number line makes it easier to comprehend because it gives the students a visual to follow along and make decisions based off the number line.

Learn Math Tutorials. (Producer). (2012) Adding and Subtracting Negative Numbers, Intermediate Algebra, Lesson 2. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Na9pru3UBHE A Fraction of a Chance A Fraction of a Chance from PBS Kids’ web show, Cyberspace, is a thirty minute episode on fractions. The setting is in outer space and the characters are creatures that one might imagine existing on a spaceship. The episode is super funny and presents fractions in a relatable way. In fact, my favorite part of this episode is the application of fractions to everyday life. This video would be a great way to entertain students while getting them to learn. A supplemental activity to consider would be having students take notes on the video and list every time a fraction is mentioned. Cyberspace, in general, is a great resource for elementary teachers to have. You can search for videos based on subject and then sort them through topic. In addition to A Fraction of a Chance, Cyberspace has approximately twenty other fraction related videos, all varying in length.

PBS Kids. (Producer). (2013). Cyberspace: A Fraction of a Chance. [PBS Kids Cyberchase]. Retrieved from http://pbskids.org/cyberchase/videos/cyberchase-a-fraction-of-achance-ep-510/ Amazing Coin (USD): Educational Money learning & counting games for kids (free) This game app teaches students facts about coins, such as the names and values of coins, how to spell the coin’s name, facts about the front and back of coins, as well as adding and subtracting money. These games have visually-appealing, brightly-colored graphics with an underwater theme.

Joy Preschool Game. (2014, Jun 06) Amazing Coin (USD): Educational Money learning counting games for kids. [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/amazing-coin-usd-educational/id495887877?mt=8 Banana Math App (Drill Math Word Problems 1 st 2nd grade) Banana Math App is an app used as a way to practice math facts. There are three difficulty levels, and questions are randomly generated. It appears that practice for addition word problems are free, but there is a fee for other features such as subtraction word problems, time problems, geometry and algebra word problems.

Power Math Apps. (2013, Apr 08). Drill Math Word Problems – Banana Math. [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/drill-math-word-problemsbanana/id508237800?mt=8

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Best 3rd Grade Math Lessons for Practice Best 3rd Grade Math Lessons for Practice is a wonderful video for teachers to understand all the different factors in teaching a math lesson. The video starts off by the teacher being sure that the students understand the relationship between addition and subtraction to multiplication.

The technique the video suggests is flash cards so that the students can practice memorizing their multiplication tables. They then suggest a game by dividing the class in two and using the flashcards to keep score. Another way to teach is allowing the students to have real objects such as a pizza so that they can see how the math can be used in their everyday life.

The video goes through each step from the beginning to the end. It includes key sentences to use and showing how this technique can benefit the students. The video is only 2 min long, but it is only a base for every lesson taught in math for the 3 rd grade.

Homeschool Kids. (Producer). (August 23, 2013). Best 3rd Grade Math Lessons for Practice. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i3UYww1WWa8 Best Contenders ™ Measurements Best Contenders ™ Measurements will help teachers keep track of the skill level and progress of each individual child. This app will quiz students on skills learned in converting measurements.

This app will also allow students to go against one of their classmates to compete in a quiz.

Keeping track of twenty individual students can be a tough task for a teacher. Keeping track of a students progress and skill level is vital to help the child in the best possible way. This app allows teachers to keep track of each student that gets on the app with their very own progress report. It will record their scores on quizzes and keep record of what skill they have mastered on converting measurements. This app requires iOS 4.3 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Balabharathi.com LLC. (December 11,2013). Best Contenders ™ Measurements. [iTunes,Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/best-contendersmeasurements/id625919502?mt=8 Children’s Fractions This short video provides a great starting point for students who are either struggling with fraction concepts or are just being introduced to them. The video provides shapes and then proceeds to divide them into halves, thirds, fourths, fifths and so on. While this video is not complex in the topics it covers, it does provide a great starting point for beginning learners. The graphics are colorful and the voiceover is to the point. This video will certainly help visual and auditory learners, as they can actually see shapes being divided into fractions. xoaxdotnet. (Producer). (2010). Children’s Fractions. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jYPBdmGoU28 ConvertPad - Unit Converter 219 | P a g e

ConvertPad - Unit Converter is a great way for kids to have an answer at their finger tips. First the child will in put what measurement they have and then they will choose what they would like to convert the measurement to. This app also has a calculator where a child can put in their own conversion equation.

When teaching students how to write a conversion problem the child could put the equation into the app and receive an answer to the problem. This is giving the child a chance to be independent and check their own work. Students create problems in this app and let their classmates figure out the answers. This app requires Android 2.3 and up.

Sunny Moon, (September 26,2014). ConvertPad - Unit Converter. [Google Play, Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.mathpad.mobile.android.wt.unit&hl=en Convert Units for Free Convert units for free is a great way for kids to have an answer at their finger tips. First the child will in put what measurement they have and then they will choose what they would like to convert the measurement to.

At some point or another most people have been out at a grocery store and forgotten how many tablespoons go into a cup. This app is designed to be helpful in times such as this. A child could look up the conversion in the store and find the information on their own. This is giving the child a chance to be independent. In the classroom after students do a conversion problems they could then use this app to check their own answers. Eventually we remember the main conversions of measurement but sometimes we forget. This app requires iOS 5.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

John Temple Group Pty Ltd. (July 21,2014). Convert Units for Free. [iTunes,Free] Retrieved on March1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/convert-units-for-free-1unit/id337224035?mt=8 Converting within the metric system Converting within the metric system is a great resource to show for guided practice in class. This video brakes down a problem step by step with in depth explanation. He is explaining how to convert a small unit into a larger unit. After the students have watch this video a teacher could give several practice problems for the class to do independently. This video would be used best at the end of a lecture before the independent work is given. This video is for fifth grade and up students.

Khan Academy. (Producer). (September 6,2010). Converting within the metric system.

[YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHaKyNplino#t=28 Cooking Conversions Cooking Conversions is an app used for conversions dealing with liquid measurements and or weight measurements. The student can put in a measurement such as 3 tablespoons and then see what it will equal in cups.

As a teacher in a regular elementary classroom there is not much cooking in the room however there is measuring and converting measurements. Students could use this app to help them learn cooking measurements and memorizing some of the most basic everyday measurements. This app requires Android 1.5 and up.

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MAKE Products. (December 17,2011). Cooking Conversions. [Google Play, Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.makeproducts.conversions&hl=en

Educational Games for Kids Softschools.com offers interactive math games for students to sharpen their math skills, there is a very diverse menu of skill games for students to choose from. There is no cost to play these games, nor does the site require a paid membership to access the games, which is a plus. Some games are interactive video games with audio features as well as colorful graphics while others require the player to read a question/problem and fill in an answer. This site also offers worksheets, as well as worksheet generators. I tried the generator for word problems and was quite impressed. So there are free resources for educators and parents to use in addition to games for students. The site also offers practice for algebra, language arts, science, social studies, literature, languages and has quizzes available as well. [Free] Softschools.com. (2015). Math Word Problems. Retrieved from http://www.softschools.com/math/word_problems/ Fifth Grade Learning Games Fifth Grade Learning Games is a way to test skills and practice many of the objectives learned in fifth grade. This app offers language and math games, activities, and problems.

This app could be used in a rotation center or independent practice to work on skills learned in class. When students are playing games dealing with math they do not feel as if they are having to do work. As teachers know students learn through games and fun activities sometimes better than seating in a lecture. Students have the option to pick various topics inside the math subject.

If a child is struggling in the topic of measurements then the teacher could assign the child to do the activities in that section. This app requires iOS 6.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Kevin Bradford LLC. (October 2,2014). Fifth Grade Learning Games. [iTunes,Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/fifth-grade-learninggames/id695979594?mt=8 Five Hands-On Ways to Teach Multiplication Five Hands-On Ways to Teach Multiplication is a great resource for teachers to learn how to do with their students. The author goes through several steps with pictures that involve the hands-on activities. There is a group beads that can help students solve multiplication facts.

Also there is hula hoops for students to play game with equal numbers.

This website has 5 ways to incorporate teaching math into a lesson. Teachers can bring these resources to school to help the students with hands- on activities. Hands-on activities are great for students that have IEPâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s because they can see and touch what they are learning.

Sears, Jamie. (2014). notsowimpyteacher.com [Website]. Retrieved March 3, 2014 from http://www.notsowimpyteacher.com/2014/09/five-hand-on-ways-to-teach.html 221 | P a g e

Fraction Basics - Easy & Effective Fractions Tutor Fraction Basics-Easy & Effective Fractions Tutor provides multiple different lessons that students and/or teachers can select to learn about. Topics include: Understanding Fractions, Improper and Mixed Fractions, Equivalent Fractions and Adding Fractions. Each lesson includes audio and visual support as the lesson progresses. Furthermore, the app provides questions to supplement the lesson once the user has completed all of the checkpoints. The interface doesn’t seem blatantly geared towards small children, as there are no bright colors or thrilling graphics.

However, this app does seem like a handy tool to have at home while students do homework—a pocket teacher, if you will. This app is compatible with iPad and iPhone.

CORE Visual Learning (2014).Fraction Basics-Easy and Effective Fractions Tutor.[iTunes, Free]. Retrieved on [March 1, 2015] from [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/fraction-basics-easy-effective/id404527208?mt=8].

Fractions by Zeebo On CoolMath4Kids’ website, there is a page for fractions. The narrator of all of these fraction lessons is called Zeebo and he walks you through all the processes of fractions. There are seventeen different lessons on fractions including: What are Fractions?, Mixed Numbers, Simplifying Fractions, Mixed Number Fractions and Multiplying/Dividing Fractions. Once students select the lesson they want to go over, it takes you to a page where everything is written down and explained. After students have read everything, they are given practice problems and the answer is revealed after you roll your mouse over the box. I like the interactive aspects of this website and I also think it’s great that students can jump from one lesson to another depending on what specific topics they’re struggling with.

Cool Math. (2014). Fractions by Zeebo. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.coolmath4kids.com/fractions/ Fractions for Kids Fractions for Kids is a website that provides easier fraction games than the two websites mentioned above. All thirty or so games are fairly simple and review basic concepts of fractions.

I feel like this would be a great resource to have for Tier 3 or ELL students. They could have fun reviewing concepts they actually know and aren’t too challenging. This website also has varying themes to the games; some specifically geared towards girls and boys and some geared for much younger children.

Fractions. (2014). Fractions for Kids. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://interactivesites.weebly.com/fractions.html Fractions Games This website is a great thing to have bookmarked on your classroom computers. The only thing on this website is a list of approximately seventy different fraction games varying in difficulty. I love the fact that there are no other links or advertisements that students could get distracted by. I also love the variety of games; there’s something for boys and girls and different types of 222 | P a g e

interest. Soccer Shootout, Salon Matchup, Pizza Fractions and Double Fun Fraction Matching are just a few of the types of games this website provides. If I was teaching a lesson on fractions, I would certainly use this as a reward for my students.

Fractions Games. (2013). Fractions for Kids. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.okaloosa.k12.fl.us/oakhill/fractions.html How to Add Fractions How to Add Fractions is an instructional type of video that shows someone writing on a whiteboard and explaining how to add like and unlike fractions. Before the narrator adds the fractions, she goes in depth describing the fraction with provided graphics. She explains why itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hard to add unlike fractions and how to find the common denominators. For students struggling with finding common denominators, this would be a great way to review and to present the information in a fresh, new way. The video isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t very elaborate or entertaining but it does effectively explain a complex topic.

Math Playground. (Host). (2012). How to Add Fractions. [MathPlayground Video].

Retrieved from http://www.mathplayground.com/howto_fractions_diffden.html How to Explain Customary Measurement Conversions to Kids : Math Tutoring How to Explain Customary Measurement Conversions to Kids : Math Tutoring is a quick resource to recap how to write conversions with ratios. This video is not a whole lesson but just a clip. This video would work best if a student missed that day or if they need a quick reminder on how to set up a conversion problem. This video should not replace a part of the original lesson it should be added to give an example and reinforce learned knowledge. eHowEducation. (Producer). (February 12,2013). How to Explain Customary Measurement Conversions to Kids : Math Tutoring. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXQVEQfEroc&list=PL_pQQ_ebSxl1txSwxAPl-mqs8s6GQIAR&index=46 Integers The www.aaamath.com is a great website for students exploring the number system and the many components that go along with that unit. This is a very manageable website and students should not have a difficult time finding information as it is clear where everything is located.

This website contributes to common core because students are developing skills needed to understand the number system. This website offers many opportunities to explore different examples and activities created to enhance problem solving skills. Teachers can integrate this valuable resource in their instructional plan to modernize the new age of learners who are driven by technology.

AAA Math. (2012). Integers. [Website] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.aaamath.com/grade6.htm

Integer Cards In order to succeed in Algebra, students need to develop fluency working with positive and 223 | P a g e

negative numbers. The Integer Cards app provides the practice that students need to help make adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing of integers an easy and automatic process. Integer Cards encourages the development of mental math strategies for working with integers. Each exercise in Integer Cards generates an integer and two actions to perform with the given number.

By executing the rule, students will develop fluency working with positive and negative numbers. With this app they will master the basic fundamentals required to complete different operations. It requires iOS 4.3 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

Lisa Englard. (March 26, 2013). Integer Cards. [iTunes, $0.99]. Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/integer-cards/id625986775?mt=8 Integers for Monkeys Integers for Monkeys is a teacher-designed app for practicing integer addition and subtraction -vital skills for all pre-algebra and algebra students. A floating balloon is blown up and down a vertical number line by a pair of comical monkeys as the player solves each problem. But beware the bee! If you're too slow or even get the answer wrong, your balloon gets popped! There are 7 challenging levels. From single digits and single signs, to subtracting negatives using multiples of 5, the problems types are designed to increase number sense and push players toward fluency. Particular skills each begin with their own level, and players have the opportunity to practice each new skill in isolation before mixing them all together in a final challenge round. It requires iOS 5.1 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is also optimized for iPhone 5.

Andrew Dirksen. (Oct 01, 2013). Integers for Monkeys. [iTunes, $0.99]. Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/integers-for-monkeys/id576212406?mt=8 Integer Games The www.hoodamath.com website is very useful when students are learning integers. This website is easy access and operate from the home page. To use the different categories the student would have to click on subject to play games that contributes to the instruction being taught. This website also ties into the common core standard ( 6.NS.C.6a Recognize opposite signs of numbers as indicating locations on opposite sides of 0 on the number line; recognize that the opposite of the opposite of a number is the number itself). When teachers use this tool to enhance their instruction in the class, they will find that it will help to build skills in an exciting way that that keep the students' interest.

HoodaMath. (2014). Integer Games. [Website] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.hoodamath.com/games/integer.html Integer Practice, Problems and Worksheets The www.adaptedmind.com website has various activities for sixth graders that addresses many topics of study. This website gives the students a visual that is stimulating when completing activities the teacher instruct them to complete. Students can choose from six different lessons that cater to integers and the importance of knowing have to solve integers in different aspects.

It ties into common core because students are learning how to use positive and negative numbers to represent quantities. This website will be useful for teachers to use because it offers many opportunities for students to develop their skills with the real number system and applying it to 224 | P a g e

real-world situations.

AdaptedMind. (2013). Integers Practice, Problems and Worksheets. [Website] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.adaptedmind.com/categorylist.php?categoryId=18 Interactive Integers - Addition and Subtraction This app provides two fun interactive methods for learning and understanding addition and subtraction of positive and negative numbers. The color tile model and number line model are two of the most common classroom methods for teaching integers. These methods help students visually understand integer concepts instead of relying only on memorization of rules. The color tiles allows students to drag yellow positives tiles and red negative tiles around the screen to solve addition problems. The number line problems are guided with step-by-step directions to guide the students through the application. They will be able to practice many different examples with this application as it refers to the instruction. It requires iOS 4.0 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

TicTapTech. (Sep 06, 2012). Interactive Integers - Addition and Subtraction. [iTunes, $0.99]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/interactive-integersaddition/id461996605?mt=8 iTooch 2nd Grade Math iTooch is a completely free app (supported by ads) designed to help make learning fun for children. The iTooch 2nd Grade Math app is created by teachers, parents, game designers, and educational professionals based on the U.S. Common Core State Standards, and provides interactive practice for children. eduPad. (2015, Feb 25). iTooch 2nd Grade Math. [Google play, Free] Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.edupad.app.grade2.math&hl=en IXL IXL.com is a wonderful resource for math and language arts. This website shows all of the common core state standards and aligns problems to match these standards. Teachers could use this site to judge wether or not students have mastered new information on a skill learned in class. Teachers could also use this site in a whole group lesson and let each child answer the question as a formative type of assessment. Students could use this site to do practice questions before an exam. This website is useful for grades Kindergarten through eight.

IXL Learning. (2015). IXL. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.ixl.com

Kids Pocket Money Pocket Money is an app for parents to use to keep up with their childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s chores and allowance.

Parents can create a task list for their children, assign tasks and then use the app to keep track of earnings. The app is capable of tracking the earnings of multiple children. Parents can also use 225 | P a g e

this app and discuss goals and accomplishments with their children at the end of the day, and create math practice with their children, asking them to take their starting amount, and adding values for each task completed in order to get a total. There is a nominal fee of $0.99 for this app.

Ammusionist. (2014, Apr 21) Kids Pocket Money. [Google Play Store, $0.99] Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ammusionist.PocketMoney&hl=en Learn Fractions the Easy Way Learn Fractions the Easy Way is my favorite source that I’ve found. Though it is long—53 minutes—the amount of information covered and the way that it is presented is incredible.

Topics range from: what is a fraction?, Mixed Numbers, Equivalent Fractions. Reducing Fractions, Improper Fractions, Converting Improper Fractions to Mixed Numbers, Converting Mixed Numbers to Improper Fractions, Which Fraction is Bigger?, Addition of Fractions, Subtraction of Fractions, Adding Fractions with whole and Mixed Numbers, Subtracting Fractions with whole and Mixed Numbers, Multiplying Fractions, Dividing Fractions and Writing Fractions as Decimals. The graphics and the narration are fantastic for elementary level children. The video also provides chances for students to reflect on the information they have just gone over. Furthermore, the information is presented in increasingly difficult order. First, they go over what a fraction is and then work their way up to combining fractions and making them decimals by the end. This is a great video for any teacher to have in their bookmarks. appuseries. (Producer). (2014). Learn Fractions the Easy Way. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6AhN38OR14 Mad Money Game The Mad Money Game is found on the PBSKids.org website. This game is based on the concept of earning money and saving up to buy a desired item. Players are assigned a list of items to buy, such as shoes, DVDs, concert tickets, sporting goods, etc. The player then wanders through the virtual city and visits the stores to find the items on their list. There are opportunities to earn money as well as opportunities to make special purchases. Occasionally, an unexpected expense will pop up, such as being asked to make a monetary donation to a charity. While unexpected expenses are reflective of real life, this particular game does not give the player the option of accepting or rejecting the spending opportunity, it simply tells the player that money is being deducted from their account. Overall, this was an enjoyable game, and I think it is also effective and age appropriate in regards to teaching 2nd grade students about money. [Free] CastleWorks, Inc. (2005). It's My Life . Games . Mad Money | PBS Kids GO! Retrieved from http://pbskids.org/itsmylife/games/mad_money_flash.html Making Change with Money Making Change with Money is a simple, two-minute long video that begins by reviewing the values of coin and banknotes. Real U.S. currency is filmed individually, and in multiple quantities, showing different ways to make $1.00, $5.00, etc. A question is asked, then the 226 | P a g e

viewer is asked to pause the video to come up with ways to make $0.75 without using quarters.

When the video continues, the narrator shows three different possible solutions. This video will complement a lesson on solving word problems involving money by providing a review of coin values and combinations.

Ndodoer3. (201, November 1). Making Change With Money [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hYGfhxyVbA Math-Multiply and Divide Resources (Pinterest) Pinterest is a great resource to use to find many activities for students. There are worksheets, complete lessons, coloring sheets, notecards, games, charts, etc. The title of the page is Math-Multiply and Divide. Each pin goes into a website that shows all the information pertaining to it.

This is a fabulous resource for teachers to use because they can almost anything they need for their lesson on multiplication and division. Some websites even allow the user to print the materials straight from their site.

Always Learning. (Board Producer). Pinterest [Website]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://www.pinterest.com/alwayslearning/math-multiply-and-divide/ Math Chimp MathChimp.com website offers videos, games, worksheets, and a blog for students to utilize.

This website is set up by different grade levels and then broken down by subjects based off common core activities. After the subject is selected the student can do a game, watch a video, or do a worksheet. This would be a good resource to use as a rotation center. A student could watch a video and then see how well they could complete the game or worksheet that goes along with that subject. This is a great website for all grade levels first through eighth. The subjects offered in first through fifth grade are operations and algebraic thinking, numbers and operations in base 10, numbers and operations - fractions, measurement and data, and geometry. The subjects offered in sixth and seventh grade are rations and proportional relationships, the number system, expressions and fractions, geometry, and statistics and probability. The subjects offered in eighth grade are the number system, expressions and fractions, functions, geometry, and statistics and probability.

HotChalk Education Network. MathChimp. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.mathchimp.com Math Games for 6th Grade The www.mathchimp.com website is a great tool for students to master their skills with integers.

This website contribute to the common core standard because students have the opportunity to understand integers and their functions on number lines. The website also has videos, games, and worksheets to guild the students knowledge of the instruction. Teachers could use this tool to enhance their instruction tremendously. There are many different opportunities this website offers to engage students in the material. They will find that it is easy to use and their experience will be gratifying.

Math Chimp. (2015) Math games for 6th grade. [Website] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.mathchimp.com/6th-grade-math-games 227 | P a g e

Math in English This website provides about one hundred different worksheets on fractions. The worksheets are categorized by topic ranging from What are Fractions? to Simplifying Fractions. Most of the worksheets are quite easy and I feel like this could be a great resource to leave in your Substitute Folder. Additionally, ELL or Tier 3 students would benefit from these review worksheets at their level. Some worksheets, however, have about twenty to thirty different problems on them, which teachers could use as a test or as a review for Advanced students. At any rate, this website is a great resource for Math teachers.

Math in English. (2013). Fraction Worksheets. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.mathinenglish.com/worksheetsfractions.php Math is Fun mathsisfun.com is a great resource for students to learn about measurement in a fun way. This website breaks math down into subjects and then a child or teacher can choose the subject they wish to see. After picking the subject a short lesson will come up. This lesson is broken down with explanations of each step. After the lesson is over there are ten practice questions on the bottom for a child to see if they understood the material. There are pictures through out the lesson to help explain some of the points and keep the child’s attention. This resource would be great to show in class and let the children do the ten problems at the end to see if there is something that needs to be retaught. This website also has games, puzzles, and worksheets for children to do.

Godard, Christi and Pierce, Rod. (February 4, 2014). Math Is Fun. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.mathsisfun.com/measure/us-standard-units-introduction.html Math Magic: The Fractionator Math Magic: The Fractionator is a clever and entertaining video provided by PBS Kids’ Cyberchase, as mentioned above. The video starts out with a goofy magician introducing himself on stage to a group of people. He then proceeds to do intriguing magic tricks based on fractions.

He uses a banana and volunteers from the audience to divide the banana into certain fractions.

The video is really hilarious and has silly humor to it. I feel like this would be a great Brain Break video where students would be so busy laughing that they wouldn’t know they’re learning.

PBS Kids. (Producer). (2013). Math Magic: The Fractionator. [PBS Kids Cyberchase].

Retrieved from http://pbskids.org/cyberchase/videos/cyberchase-math-magic-the-fractionator/ MathPlay: Fractions This webpage from Math Play provides a list of about 20 different fraction games that students can choose from. Some games are based around baseball, outer space, soccer, Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, Jeopardy, and football. I feel like these games would be super fun to play as a class or in small groups. The only drawback of this specific website is that there are numerous links to other pages on Math Play on the sidebar. I feel like this presents the potential for distractions, but

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I suppose that if the links are just taking students to another math concept, it couldn’t hurt for them to explore.

Math Play. (2012). Fractions. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.math-play.com/math-fractions-games.html Math Planet Math Planet is an award winning app that allows students to have fun while doing math.

There are games that provide over 80 Common Core State Standards. The app “builds high-need skills with conceptual learning and fluency”. It will monitor the student’s progress. There are over 13 topics covered including addition, subtraction, division, fractions, decimals, mixed numbers, measurement, and geometry.

This app allows for students to use it from 1 st to 8th grade. It is a great app for schools to be able to have their students using. That way they can be used to the way the app works. It was designed by learning scientists at Carnegie Mellon University. They have held trials in classrooms in order to continuously improve the app. It will be a very valuable resource for teachers.

Playpower Labs. January, 7, 2015). Math Planet. [iTunes. Free] Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/math-planet-fun-math-game/id828398560?mt=8 Math Quiz Math Quiz: Arithmetic Practice for Kindergarten, First, Second, and Third Grade Kids is a great app for students to use as they grow in each grade. There are different levels for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The addition and multiplication goes up to 1000 and the subtraction and division goes to 100. It keeps track of their progress and allows them to grow with their learning.

This app is a very safe app for students to use in the classroom and at home. Students do not need direct internet access to use the app. This allows for students information to be protected and for them to be able to use the app ad free. There is no need for the sound to be on so students are able to practice without distracting other students. This app is available in iTunes for laptops and desktops.

Maelstrom Interactive. (February 9, 2015). Grade Kids. [iTunes. 1.99] Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/math-quiz-arithmetic-practice/id938038748?mt=8 Math Rocks! Look for Clues “Look for Clues” is the name of a song by TwoPlusOneMathRocks that gives the viewer tips on how to solve math word problems, the main theme being, of course, to look for clues. Putting lessons to music will sometimes help students to be able to better make connections to the 229 | P a g e

subject being taught. This video includes the lyrics as they are being sung, so students are reading the tips as well as hearing the words put to music.

TwoPlusOneMathRocks. (2010, October 16). Math Rocks! Look for Clues [Video file].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d2Vq6wwJTDc Mathlingz Multiplication and Division 2 Mathlingz Multiplication and Division 2 is a great app for students ages 8-11. There are 11 math activities that are fun and entertaining. These activities help to train the memory and develop logical thinking. The math problems are ones that are used in everyday life.

This app focuses on multiplication and division. The objectives of the app are for student to be able to multiply and divide up to 100. As the students skills increase they will be able to move up to 1000 to 1000000. This app is available on iTunes for laptops and desktops. Students will be able to be entertained while learning math in and out of the classroom.

Yellow Dot Sp. Z o. o. Sp. K. (November 14, 2014). Mathlingz Multiplication and Division 2. [iTunes. 1.99] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/mathlingz-multiplication-division/id917644238?mt=8 MathTappers: Numberline - a math game to help children learn whole numbers, integers & real numbers MathTappers: Numberline is a learning game that challenges players to find the locations of numbers on a number line. This game allows players to develop their understanding of the number system and their proportional reasoning skills by giving them an opportunity to consider the relative positions of whole, integer and real numbers on a number line. This application is helpful because it keeps the students engaged in a consistently changing environment so they remain interested. Teachers will find this application a joy to use in their instruction because its a fun way to get students to learn. It also helps students go more in depth with the number system with the different learning opportunities this application offers. The app requires iOS 4.2 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

Tim Pelton. (Sep 30, 2011 ). MathTappers: Numberline - a math game to help children learn whole numbers, integers & real numbers. [iTunes, Free]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/mathtappers-numberline-math/id463632109?mt=8 Measurement Converting Gallons Quarts Pints Cups - Intro - 5th Grade Common Core Measurement Converting Gallons Quarts Pints Cups - Intro - 5th Grade Common Core is a great teaching resource that a teacher could use in their class to show how to do liquid measurements.

The woman speaking in the video goes through step by step starting with gallons, then quarts, pints, cups. She then discusses a few conversion problems. A teacher could stop or pause the video when she ask questions and let the students in the class answer. This video would be great to use as an outline of a liquid measurement lesson and have the students take their own notes

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and follow along in the lesson. Measurement Converting Gallons Quarts Pints Cups - Intro - 5th Grade Common Core is made to be shown in a common core fifth grade math class.

Rebecca Sims. (Producer). (February 25,2013). Measurement Converting Gallons Quarts Pints Cups - Intro - 5th Grade Common Core. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikGDiQVJ1N4 Metric Conversion Rap - by The Metric Crew Metric Conversion Rap - by The Metric Crew is a quick and easy resource to introduce a Metric measurement lesson. This video teaches all of the measurements from biggest to smallest and it gives a visual for students to compare too. This rap song is something fun and catchy that will grab students attention. The video only shows the basic information and it is not to long so students could memorize it to help them remember the measurements. This video showed Kilometer, meter, decimeter, centimeters, and millimeter. Metric Conversion Rap - by The Metric Crew is geared toward upper elementary students and would be best shown as an into or to reinforce taught information on the Metric system. aringejuice. (Producer). (April 21,2011). Metric Conversion Rap - by The Metric Crew.

[YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IhtgKHYZti0 Money Games for Kids Money Games for Kids can be found on the Kids Math Games website. These are interactive learning games intended to be manipulated directly by students to enhance learning. This particular website has seven games that students can play to learn more about money: Shopping game, Lemonade Stand, Bus Money, Money Counting, Farm Game, Coffee Shop, and Coin Weighing games. The games are simple in concept, but some of them might not be effective for 2nd grade students. The Money Counting game has a timer, and might not provide sufficient time for students. I finished the first level with only 8 seconds to spare. Some of the other games, such as the Bus Money game, give unclear directions, and one feature of this game that I did not like was that if you do not correctly determine if a passenger has enough money to ride the bus, the passenger comments “That stupid driver couldn’t notice the money wasn’t enough.” While it does give practice for solving money problems, I am not completely convinced that this site is appropriate for 2nd grade students. [Free] Kids Math Games Online. (2015). Kids Money Games Online - Learn about Money with Free Interactive Activities. Retrieved March 3, 2015, from http://www.kidsmathgamesonline.com/money.html Money Word Problems Instructional Video This eSpark Learning video focuses on the specific Common Core standard for 2 nd grade Measurement & Data, MD 8: “Solve word problems involving dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies using $ and ¢ appropriately.” The narrator on the video provides an example of a purchase that she made, and names the number and denominations of the coins that she used 231 | P a g e

to make her purchase. A word problem is created, and the narrator walks the viewer through solving the word problem. This is a good resource for creating a lesson based on an actual standard.

ESparkLearningVideos. (2013, July 25). eSpark Learning: Money Word Problems Instructional Video (2.MD Quest 4) [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NEmVJnpGzOc Multiply and Divide within 100 Multiply and Divide with 100 is a great teaching tool for teachers. There are 5 different videos that teachers can use as they teach the Common Core State Standard to multiply and divide within 100. It walks the students and teacher through each step. Also, there are resources at the bottom to help teachers. One is the parent letter to help use the websites resources. Another is the discussion protocol that allows teachers to see how the lesson can be adapted to the. Lastly there is a notes template for students to use while watching the videos.

Many students have a hard time understanding math because of many different techniques, which causes confusion. These videos allow for students to be able to focus in on the topics using related techniques. It allows students to be able to re-watch if needed if they need to go back over a topic. This can be great for students that have fallen behind do to being absent or from confusion. Math can be taught too fast for many students and this allows them to be able to stay caught up with the class.

Lucas-Adam, Daniells. (Creater). (2015). Multiply and divide within 100. [LearnZillion Video]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://learnzillion.com/lessons/3372-multiply-usingdoubles-pattern Multiplication and Division by 3rd grade student Multiplication and Division by 3rd grade student is a video that can relate to the students because it is taught by an actual 3rd grader. The student goes through the lesson teaching each step of multiplication and division. She uses their academic language. The 3 rd grader uses the group technique in order to show how the equation can be solved by dividing them into groups.

I think the video is a great way for students to aspire to be able to do. A teacher could even have the students make a video like this one teaching the lesson. This will help them have fun and completely understand what they are doing.

Snapdragon11111. (Producer). (September 13, 2014). Multiplication and Division by 3rd grade student. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com /watch?v = ZSH8EdQB5qg

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Multiplication and Division Lessons for Common Core The Khan Academy provides a great website for multiplication and division in the 3rd grade. It goes over the Common Core Standards 3.OA.A.1 and 3.OA.A.2. Teachers can use this as a resource for every lesson they teach. There are videos and practice tests that walk a student through learning multiplication and division.

It goes from understanding multiplication and division to applying the techniques in real world situations. There are multiplication and division sentences described in the videos so that the students can have a understanding of how questions will be on future tests. Then they can practice with other sentences after the lesson.

Khan Academy. (2015). Multiplication and division. Retrieved March 3, 2015, from https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-third-grade-math/cc-3rd-mult-div-topic Natural Numbers, Whole Numbers, and Integers , Intermediate Algebra , Lesson 1 This video introduces the beginning process of learning the differences in natural numbers, whole numbers, and integers. It also introduces the number line that represents the different number systems so students can get an understanding of what they look like on the number line.

This is a very helpful video because its short and to the point of what these concepts of the number system mean. Students will not have a difficult time with this video, in fact, they will find it easy to watch and follow along with the methods being taught to understand the differences between natural numbers, whole numbers, and integers as it relates to the number system.

Learn Math Tutorials (Producer). (2012). Natural Numbers, Whole Numbers, and Integers, Intermediate Algebra, Lesson 1. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DA5KOdRXBC0&list=PLXkqIzYHy9Y1EhjAfB81n6TY3J N5NVU6t Oh No Fractions!

Oh No Fractions! is an app developed for 9-11 year-olds learning about fractions. You can pick from different operations you want to do with fractions, such as add, multiply, compare and subtract. Two fractions pop up on either side of the screen and the student must select the correct answer from the given choices that are floating around in the middle of the two fractions.

Another wonderful feature of this app is the visual aids that it provides for each pair of fractions.

Rectangular shapes are filled in with each corresponding fraction so that students can easily compare the two. The colors and sound effects will definitely keep students interested. This app is compatible with iPad and iPhone.

Curious Hat Labs, (2014).Oh No Fractions!.[iTunes, Free]. Retrieved on [March 1, 2015] from [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/oh-no-fractions!-curious-hat/id593418681?mt=8].

Orbit Integers Orbit Integers is a multiplayer racing game that allows students from anywhere in the world to 233 | P a g e

race one another while practicing their integer addition facts. Your spaceship's speed is determined by how fast you answer the integer addition problems. This is a fun app for students to use to play games and learn from the different examples the games has to offer as well.

Students will find it fun and entertaining because they will have the chance to play with other people around the world. That also pushes them to learn the material as well because this app acts as a simulation to keep them engaged in the game while also learning the functions of the number system. It requires iOS 4.3 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.

This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Arcademics. (Mar 11, 2014). Orbit Integers. [iTunes, $0.99]. Retrieved on March 3, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/orbit-integers/id509327723?mt=8 Ordering Integers on a Number line This instructional video teaches students how to properly order integers on the number line and describing the meaning and purpose of their position. This video gives clarity to the reason why most integers are different from another and also how they function differently on the number line. The video is accompanied by an instructor that walks the student through every step of ordering integers on the number line. In this video, students review the basic definitions of integers, opposites, and absolute value. Covering this material will surely benefit their knowledge of the material given and instruction taught by the teachers. Teachers can incorporate this video in their lesson to given students another visual that can also be very helpful.

Lisa De Bartolo. (Producer). (2013). Ordering Integers on a Number Line. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HH5h5D-YQ6A Pizza Fractions 1 , 2 & 3 Pizza Fractions 1, 2 and 3 provide a fun and differentiated way for students to quickly review fraction skills. There are three separate apps and they are leveled by ability level; 1 being the lowest—and cheapest—2 being intermediate and 3 being advanced. This is a fantastic way to allow all of your students the opportunity to play and have fun. In Pizza Fractions 1, students are challenged to select the correct fraction based on the picture of a pizza. Pizza Fractions 2 asks students to compare like and unlike fractions and identify the simplest form of a fraction. Pizza Fractions 3 asks the same things that #2 does, but uses harder fractions that require more critical thinking. All of the versions provide a timer and correct answers so that students can reflect on their progress. This app is compatible with iPad and iPhone.

West, Brian, (2010).Pizza Fractions 1, 2 & 3.[iTunes, Free/0.99]. Retrieved on [March 1, 2015] from [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/pizza-fractions-1/id374084320?mt=8].

Printable Math Games Printable Math Games is a website that has a list of games to play with students in order for them have fun while learning. There are around 9 that pertain to 3rd grade math, One is called “2and 3 Digit Multiplication” and this where the students an practice multiplying big numbers.

Another game is “Division Facts” and this involves using a worksheet to play and then increasing the student’s skill to 2 and 3 digit numbers.

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Printable Math Games is a wonderful resource for teachers. They can use these techniques in most of their 3rd grade lessons. The games become more challenging as the students learn. Students will be able to do fractions by the last game.

Learn-Math-Games.com. (2013). Printable Math Games. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from http://www.learn-with-math-games.com/printable-math-games.html

Reasoning About Multiplication and Division Reasoning About Multiplication and Division is a great video that allows for teachers to see different strategies being taught to an actual 3rd grade classroom. There are the objectives in the video. One is the Common Core Standard â&#x20AC;&#x153;Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divideâ&#x20AC;?. The second objective is to understand the relationship between multiplication and division. The third is for the students to understand the structure of how the numbers are used.

The students in the video are clearly understanding the lesson. The teacher gives his students plenty of time to think through their ideas and then allows them to review their thoughts. The teacher talks about how the Common Core Standards are providing a great way to teach his students. He believes that the students will be able to use these math techniques throughout their future.

Teaching Channel. (Producer). (2015). Reasoning About Multiplication and Division.

[TeachingChannel Video]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://www.teachingchannel.org/videos/multiplication-division-in-the-core Sets of Numbers- Natural, Whole, Integers, Rational, Irrational, Real this instructional video is lengthy but explains every meaning of the number system in one video.

Both students and teachers will find this video helpful because it offers information and examples of how to complete the instruction. There are detailed guidelines given when watching this video that students will have an ease with catching on to learning. The video goes in depth with each component of the number system that by the end of the video students should be able to have a better understanding of the material and should be able to comprehend better than before. Teachers will find this video helpful as well because it work hand and hand with the instruction they teach in class.

MrCaryMath. (Producer). (2011). Sets of Numbers- Natural, Whole, Integers, Rational, Irrational, Real. [YouTube]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9orS7coe2WI SID THE SCIENCE KID | Exploring Measurement | PBS KIDS SID THE SCIENCE KID | Exploring Measurement | PBS KIDS would be a great resource to show to students before learning the actual measurements. In this video the students find things to measure with besides a regular form of measurement for example they use the length of their body. After students watch this video the teacher could let them try this activity for themselves.

This would work best as an intro lesson to measurement to have the compare non-regular 235 | P a g e

measurements to actual measurements. This video could be shown in lower grades as well as upper grades.

PBS. (Producer). (December 17,2008). SID THE SCIENCE KID | Exploring Measurement | PBS KIDS. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hlkRcTmFxY#t=52 Sixth Grade Math Practice Thelpful to students because they have the opportunity to explore many examples of how the number system is used. This website is useful to common core standards because students will be using positive and negative numbers to describe opposite directions or values. This website is easy to use and teachers will find it helpful when implementing this software in their instruction.

It has many activities on the number system that the students can build their understanding of the material in a fun and helpful way.

IXL. (2015). Sixth Grade Math Practice. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.ixl.com/promo?partner=google&campaign=1214&redirect=%2Fmath%2Fgrade6&adGroup=6th+grade&gclid=COXz-6b6h8QCFcxj7Aod12wAjQ Slice Fractions Slice Fractions is a super fun, super addictive way to get students excited about fractions.

Students slice through ice and lava to create fractions and clear the path for the mammoth character. As players progress through each pre-historic themed puzzle, theyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll go from slicing blocks of ice in halves and quarters to figuring out how to work with equivalent fractions. The appâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s interface also provides a great way to practice fine motor skills. The price is definitely worth it, if the students are getting excited to play with math. This app is compatible with iPad and iPhone.

Ululab, (2014).Slice Fractions.[iTunes, 3.99]. Retrieved on [March 1, 2015] from [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/slice-fractions/id794730213?mt=8].

Splash Math- 3rd Grade Splash Math-3rd Grade is a wonderful way for 3rd grade students to practice their math skills that are aligned to the Common Core Standards. There are many features that are included with the app. First there are practice programs that will thoroughly explain answers when they are incorrect. Students can use the scratchpad to practice their work. Also, the app will keep track of their progress.

This app covers almost every topic in math for the third grade. There is place value, division, fractions, money, etc. It allows for students to practice inside and outside the classroom.

They are able to use this app all throughout the year because of so many topics covered. Once all these skills have been mastered a student should be ready for 4 th grade math. This app is compatible with iPhone, iPad, laptops, and desktops allowing for students to be able to have many ways to be able to access the material.

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StudyPad, Inc. (October 21, 2014). Splash Math. [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on March 2, 2013 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/splash-math-3rd-gradeworksheets/id449564960?mt=8 Study Zone StudyZone.org is a website full of mini lessons, practice questions, and examples. This website has taken the New York State Standards and created a lesson to go along with each one. This website would be a great resource for children who have missed a day in class. The child could view a lesson on the subject missed and do work with that lesson. This would also be a great resource to pull a lesson from and put them in rotation centers to work on the lesson. Even though the standards are based off New York’s standards teachers in other states could use them because they will match some standards in other states.

Oswego City School District New York State Intermediate Test Prep Center. (2011).

Study Zone. [Website]. Retrieved on March 2, 2015 from http://www.studyzone.org/mtestprep/index.cfm Third Grade Division Lesson 1 Third Grade Division Lesson 1 is that goes through several problems using a certain technique. They show the relationship with adding into division. For example, they use the problem 8/4. The narrator says, “How many fours go into eight” then “How many groups of four can go into eight”. This gives students different number sentences to understand. As the video goes on the numbers get larger. Also, the narrator gives other techniques such as using your fingers.

This is a great source for students and teachers to use in the classroom. The teacher can use the video and incorporate the techniques into their own lesson. The students can use the video to review what they have learned and to study for tests.

Pgfracing. (Producer). (February 23, 2013). Third Grade Division Lesson 1. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RmCRTM3xrE0 Tiny Fraction Tiny Fraction is a cute, colorful app that challenges students to create a fraction from a vial of liquid. The difficulty level of the game is adaptive and as students master the simpler fractions, questions with a higher level of difficulty are presented. The price may seem a bit high, but 3 other fraction tutorial apps are included in the “bundle” so that students can review their skills.

This app is compatible with iPad and iPhone.

Tap to Learn Software, (2013).Tiny Fraction.[iTunes, 4.99]. Retrieved on [March 1, 2015] from [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/tiny-fractions/id570161866?mt=8].

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Understanding Math- Times Tables: Learn to fluently multiply and divide within 100 is a great way for students ages 9-11 to practice their multiplication and division skills. The app allows them to grow in their ability. First there is the hundred board where the student are able to grasp the cumulative property of multiplication. Second is the multiplication game that gives them a chance to practice learning multiplication by seeing and feeling the quantity using their fingers. Third is the division game that lets the student see how division can be solved by dividing balls into boxes. Fourth is the training games where the child can practice all the skills by writing the answer with their finger. Finally the app is able to connect to other phones so that the student can play against their friends.

This app is created to show the aspects of J. Bruner’s Learning Theory “Three Modes of Representation”. It helps create an understanding of multiplication and division, then it relates them together. The child can practice and become better by increasing the levels. When they are ready they can duel with their friends or parents. This app is compatible with iPhone and iPad app media UG. (December 13, 2014). Understanding Math- Times Tables: Learn to fluently multiply and divide within 100. [iTunes, 3.99] Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://itunes. apple.com/us/app/understanding-math-times-tables/id931897095?mt=8 U.S. Coins Lesson: Counting Mixed Coins This video is a great supplement to a unit on working with solving word problems involving money. In contrast to the video listed in #2 that involves making change, this video teaches a three-step method to counting coins when there is more than one type of coin. The images are a little blurry, but otherwise, a good video aid to help teach units involving adding money.

Grancie48. (2010, May 7). U.S. Coins Lesson: Counting Mixed Coins [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UU89SxQoFRA&feature=youtu.be

Science 2nd Grade The Weather Song 238 | P a g e

2nd Grade The Weather Song is an excellent resource for teaching students, of all elementary grades, weather vocabulary and definitions. This is simply a great weather song; the video portion consists of the songâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lyrics. The three minute tune is catchy, fun and the lyrics cover meteorology, tornadoes, clouds, and much more. The chorus is repetitive definition weather.

Kids will love this song and it can also be used as a dance break in the middle of the school day.

Battishill, Carl (Producer). (2013). 2nd Grade The Weather Song. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W5t5j89CrRg

5th Grade- Common Core This Education Galaxy app is a fun form of assessment based on the Common Core Standards for many different subjects areas. The most important part of the app is the science questions that correlate with the science standards. Specifically the standards about energy. This interactive app is a great way to engage students I continued learning.

Education Galaxy.(Publisher). (June 18, 2014). 5th Grade Common Core. [Android, free] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.education.galaxy.vcciap.

5th Grade Friendzy The Science Friendzy app is one that was created for the students and approved and edited by teachers as well parents. It has games and quizzes related to various science topics on grade level. This is an app that is of great value to 5th grade students who may or may not struggle with science.

WS Publishing Group. (Publisher). (May 6, 2014). 5th Grade Friendzy. [Android, Free] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.fifthgrade.

6th Grade Science Glossary # 2 6th Grade Science Glossary # 2 is a wonderful resource for students aged 10-12 to use for students. Science terms, their definitions, and simple understandable explanations are presented in this app with beautiful illustrations. A sixth grader with a thorough understanding of these science terms will have a sound foundation to build on. This interactive app will help students to succeed in science. Interactive practice modules for each of these sections are also included, to reinforce and help students retain what they have learnt. This app covers 134 science terms, 228 screens of learning and quizzes, and 134 pictures related to science terms. Understanding these glossary terms are paramount to kids as they help build foundational knowledge and understanding, not only in current grades but also in higher grades.

This app requires iOS 5.1 or later. It is Compatible with iPad. Nth Fusion LLCâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s. (May 13, 2014). 6th Grade Science Glossary # 2. [iTunes, $0.99] Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/6th-grade-scienceglossary/id874706270?mt=8 Animal Cell Structure 239 | P a g e

This micro.magnet.fsu.edu website titled â&#x20AC;&#x153;Animal Cell Structureâ&#x20AC;? would be a good resource for teachers to refresh the memories on cells before teaching the topic. This website only covers animal cells, but it is more detailed in its descriptions of the parts of the animal cell and its processes. Students could use this for a research project if they were looking for information about animal cells. This page gives the reader a very detailed diagram of an animal cell as well as a list of detailed definitions. There are also tabs that they can click on that will show them a diagram of what is needed to be able to see different items. This will put in perspective how small the cell really is because the diagram shows that it cannot be seen with the human eye and that you must have a lighted microscope in order to see them.

Davidson, Michael. (2015). Molecular Expressions. [Website]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/animalcell.html Animals Cells Structure & Functions Animation Video for Kids This video would be a great resource for teachers to use in their classroom to explain cells. This video could be used as an introduction to the topic or as a review. It could also be useful for students to watch this at home to review what they learned about cells in class. The video takes the cell and shows how many cells form tissues, tissues form organs, organs form organ systems, and organ systems make up our bodies. It also explains who cells, food, and energy are connected. This video is only 4 minutes and 17 seconds long which is a perfect amount of time for fourth graders. If the video was too long then they would lose interest and become bored.

Having a video to go over what the students may have read will help all students but it will be most beneficial to the auditory learners.

Makemegenius. (producer). (2013). Animals Cells and Functions Animation Video for Kids. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MfopLilIOeA

Bill Nye The Science Guy on the Food Web Bill Nye the Science Guy on the Food Web is a video that explains that all that we eat is connected to the ecosystems and the world around us. We can think of the connections as being a lot more complicated than a chain, so we call it a web. He uses a sandwich to help students make a connection between the food web and food we eat. It is a brief two minute video that would be a great set or closure for a lesson. The graphics and descriptions are good. Bill Nye is comical and engaging in the video.

Bill Nye. (Producer). (April 08, 2009). Bill Nye The Science Guy on the Food Web. [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-YwWiWxLr4&list=PLx5XU5vH8k75lt8chGXnSh1j-SpKLFByh&index=2

Cell and Cell Structure

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Cell and Cell Structure is a great app for students to practice and review what they have learned in class about cells. This app is get for students because it has: word searches, videos of cells under a microscope, practice quizzes, and flash cards. This app covers information on: cells, cell structures, the cell life cycle, individual organelles, and cell functions. This app could be used by students in the classroom to practice what they have learned about cells. It is compatible with ipad and requires iOS 6.0 or later. The current version has 3.5 stars out of 4. The app is available on iTunes for $2.99.

Emantras. (March 4, 2014). Cell and Cell Structure. [iTunes, 2.99]. Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/cell-and-cell-structure/id452499575?mt=8 Cell Structure and Function The video titled “Cell Structure and Function” is a great resource for teachers to use as an instructional resource in their science classroom. This is because it not only talks about the different organelles in a cell, but it also describes all of the cell processes and functions. It tells what each part of the cells job is and how the cell works together like a factory. This video is able to go in great depth and yet manages to only be 9 minutes and 6 seconds in length. The video has written notes, pictures, and a narrator. The written words on the screen would help students when they are note taking while watching the video. It would be best suited for visual and auditory learners. Teachers could also tell students to watch this at home for study material.

Wanakscience. (producer). (2012). Cell Structure and Function. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g4L_QO4WKtM Cells Word Wall Visual This teacherspayteachers.com website titled “Cells Word Wall Visual, Spanish/ English with Root, Suffixes & Prefixes” is a great website and resource for teachers who are teaching a lesson cells. This website gives teachers access to materials that they can use in their classrooms. The information does cost $5 and can be conveniently digitally downloaded to the teacher’s computer. There is a preview feature so that the teacher may look at what the bundle includes before they purchase it. The creator of this material has a review of 4 out of 4 on this website.

Students will benefit from the information found on this site because it includes a word wall for the teacher’s classroom. It includes over 50 cell oriented vocabulary words. The words include all of the cell organelles and the cell processes. An added bonus is that the word wall cards come with English and Spanish on them. This can be helpful with ELL students in the classroom. Each vocabulary card includes a picture along with the word. This will be helpful for all students to be able to go to the word wall in the classroom and see the picture that goes with the word. This website is very useful for teachers and has activities for almost every subject and grade level in schools.

Getting Nerdy. (2014). Visual Cells and Cell Processes Word Wall. [Website]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Cells-Word-WallVisual-SpanishEnglish-with-Roots-Suffixes-Prefixes-1475593 Cell World

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Cell World takes students into a eukaryotic cell and is set up like a game which is good for entertaining students as they learn. This app has active visuals that are very eye appealing with vibrant colors. This app is best for elementary students learning about cells in science. It could be used by a teacher on a tablet I the classroom or by a student at home, if possible. It has an audio option, which will read the cell descriptions aloud. This would be helpful to young students who need help with their reading. This app is rich with cell vocabulary words and has great 3D images for students. The app has a rating of 4.4 out of 5 stars. It is free to download and is compatible with android systems that are 2.3 and up.

V.I.E.W. (May 4, 2014). Cell World. [GooglePlay, Free]. Retrieved on Feruary 28, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.VIEW.CellWorld&rdid=com.VIEW.CellWor ld CloudySky The Cloudy Sky app provides educators, students, and anyone interested in clouds with hundreds of detailed cloud photos and descriptions. This app also the user to take photos within the app to identify clouds the user is seeing and even keep a cloud log. These photos can be shared through email, Facebook, Twitter (ios5 only), and Flickr. Cloudy Sky definitely aides students in connecting weather conditions with cloud formations, a CCSS for third grade learners. This app requires iOS 6.1 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. The Cloudy Sky app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Hamburg, Eric. (Sept. 19, 2013) Cloudy Sky. [iTunes, $1.99] Retrieved February 27, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/cloudysky/id443064526?mt=8 CloudSpotter – See the sky with new eyes and discover the fantastic world of clouds CloudSpotter is an amazing app that has a build in cloud library loaded with cloud photographs accompanied by in depth descriptions. Users can create their own cloud library and log dates and locations. This app will require teacher support and direction as it is very in depth.

Cloudspotter is a wonderful tool for unit studies on clouds and weather patterns. Compatibility requirements: iOS 6.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Hachette UK (BP). (Feb. 5, 2014) CloudSpotter- See the sky with new eyes and discover the fantastic world of clouds [iTunes $2.99] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/cloudspotter-see-sky-new-eyes/id642898668?mt=8 Comparison of Plant and Animal Cells The website waynesword.palomar.edu has an article titled “Comparison of Plant and Animal Cells” that would be a great resource for students to use at home. Students could use this website as a study tool, to review what they learned about cells in class. There is a diagram of a plant cell and animal cell. Each diagram includes labels pointing to the different parts of the cells. Another 242 | P a g e

benefit to the students is the list of definitions on the website that are listed under the diagrams.

Every word labeled on the diagrams is listed at the bottom of the page with its definition. There is also a red or green box placed with the word to tell you that it is only present in a plant cell or only present in an animal cell. Another important component to this website is the extra information on topics such as RNA and osmosis. This would be helpful to fast learners who are curious and ready to learn more about cells.

Armstrong, W.P. (2015). Wayne's Word. [Website]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from http://waynesword.palomar.edu/index.htm Easy Science for Kids Easyscienceforkids.com is an excellent tool for educators, parents, and after school programs.

The site has a profusion of science facts and educational videos appropriate for learners ranging from preschool to middle school age. The Earth Science section tab in the site offers information on understanding weather forecasts. It puts in plain words what is meant by high and low atmospheric pressure in a way that students can understand. This area of the web site also explains how clouds are formed and details how to make at weather barometer at home or school. Easyscienceforkids.com can be utilized as an instructional tool that nicely aligns with CCSS for third grade science.

GLE 0307.8.3 Identify cloud types associated with particular atmospheric conditions.

GLE 0307.8.4 Predict the weather based on cloud observations.

GLE 0307.8.1 Select appropriate tools used for collecting weather data that correspond to the atmospheric condition being measured.

"Earth Science - Science Facts for Kids About Earth Science." Easy Science For Kids. 1 Jan. 2015. Retrieved on Web. 27 Feb. 2015 from http://easyscienceforkids.com/earth-science/ Ecology 2 (School) Ecology 2 (School) is an award winning science education app. It is an excellent resource for students to use during their science courses and for additional practice outside of class. This app is oriented for a life science or biology course that is designed to engage students to explore the topic of ecology. It is designed to address the needs of all students in the topic. It offers topics such as: what is a producer, consumer, food chain, population, ecological niche? It also offers interactions between organisms in ecosystems, such as producer/consumer, predator/prey, and parasite/host relationships. This app includes: amazing examples of adaptations using different types of mimicry, drag and drop activities, explorations building and adjusting ecological pyramids, plus many images and videos showcasing examples of organisms and their environment. Some other key features include: Think! and Do You Know? strategies to help students further engage upon the topic, main point summaries, concept maps, and test yourself summary questions. This app has great ratings and reviews. I would recommend this app to all teachers and students in upper elementary grades.

This app requires iOS 5.1 or later and is compatible with iPad. Werkz Publishing Inc. (April 03, 2014). Ecology 2 (School). [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ecology-2-school/id649231064?mt=8

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Ecosystems HD Ecosystems HD Ecosystems HD is a visually engaging and fun exploration of the major biomes of the Earth. This app is an amazing treat for the curious learner. Photos and videos enhance the learning and describe the characteristics of the biomes and their inhabitants. The Did You Know section has "WOW" facts related to each biome. The text-to-speech function narrates the text for the beginning reader. The fun ecosystems matching game is great way to learn or reinforce learning about the various ecosystems and their inhabitants. The quiz is based on Bloom's taxonomy and is designed to test not only remembering and understanding but also applying, evaluating, and analyzing the concepts. The content correlates to Common Core Standards in the USA. This app offers accommodations for students by letting them choose to be read aloud to and letting them choose easy, intermediate, or advanced level questions. This app is an excellent source for students and teachers alike. It has wonderful ratings and reviews.

Requires iOS 4.3 or later and is compatible with iPad. Updates often.

Sprout Labs LLC. (November 08, 2015) Ecosystems HD. [iTunes, $2.99] Retrieved on March 01, 2014 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/ecosystems-hd/id547133275?mt=8 Elementary kids Science Quiz This is an app on the android market that encompasses multiple choice questions about common science content. What makes this app so great is that it is a form of practice and review for the many things learned within the content area. Not only is it good for 5 th graders but it helps with many different grade levels.

CoolComets. (publisher). (January 27, 2015). Elementary Kids Science Quiz. [Android, $0.99] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kidssciencequiz.

Energy Bill Nye on Energy Part 1 Bill Nye the science guy was a big part of my educational upbringing. This particular video shows examples of everyday uses of energy. At first glance it seems quite simple but as students continue to watch they will be thoroughly entertained while learning at the same time. This video puts a spin on the old standard number 10, which focuses on energy, its types and transformation from one form t the next.

Farrahannedhaliwal. (Publisher). (2012). Energy Bill Nye on Energy Part 1. [YouTube video] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from http://youtu.be/zTXW9aRO23Y.

Energy Flow among Organisms Energy Flow among Organisms goes beyond the standard textbooks and takes learning to the next level. This app offers students to take part in virtual investigations, use simulations and models, collect data and analyze graphs all from their mobile device. Students will use a national park simulator to find the right balance of abiotic biotic factors in order to create an ecosystem model that is stable over time. Students will learn how energy flows through the components of an ecosystem. They will be learn to differentiate between biotic and abiotic factors, explore the effects of abiotic factors on plant and animal populations, understand the hierarchy of energy flow between producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers, and create their own sustainable ecosystem. With this app students will practice manipulating an interactive simulator to explore energy flow among organisms and using graphs to analyze and interpret data. Some 244 | P a g e

other key features of this app include animations that explain the concepts being taught, step-bystep student support, and interactive tasks and quizzes to test student knowledge. This app aims toward upper elementary and middle school students. This app is very interactive and gives students a real-life experience using kinesthetic learning.

This app requires Android 4.0 and up.

Adaptive Curriculum. (September 03, 2014) Energy Flow among Organisms. [Google Play, $1.99] Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sebit.adaptive.us610301cd Energy for Kids The eia.gov website titled â&#x20AC;&#x153;Energy for Kids,â&#x20AC;? is a great introductory site to my unit topic. It offers much information about every sub topic that is related to, Energy. Not only is a great source of information, but it has games and activities useful to both students and teachers. There is even a portion that is directly related to state standard GLE 0507.10.1 Design an experiment to illustrate the difference between potential and kinetic energy. Energy for Kids is a great site to help with an introductory lesson.

Energy Information Administration, (2015). Energy for Kids. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.eia.gov/kids/index.cfm.

Energy: How does energy make stuff happen?

This webpage comes from a very popular site called brainpop.com. It is absolutely amazing when used properly in the classroom. Brainpop is an interactive sit that includes movies, games, and other activities. It allows students to move around and be active during lessons opposed to remaining stationary in a desk or a table. Not only is the site fun but it also connects to many core standards related to Energy.

In this case standard number 10: Various forms of energy are constantly being transformed into other types without any net loss of energy from the system. Using this site makes learning fun and easy for students.

Brainpop Advisors, (1999-2015). Energy: How does energy make stuff happen? [Website, $220] Retrieved March 1, 2015 from https://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/.

Geography 4 Kids Geography4kids.com is a great source for all science, geography, and biology topics. It has a wide array of information for each topic and different grade levels. The section Another Link in the Food Chain offers great insight on the food chain, producers, consumers, and decomposers.

It informs students each of their roles in the food chain and how they produce energy for one another. The website presents videos and activities to go along with each topic. The site also allows students to move back and forth between relatable topics. This site would be an excellent source for teachers and students. It could be beneficial for student research or as a primary source for the teacherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lesson. Geography4kids.com would be a great website resource for parents to refer to as well. I would highly recommend this website to elementary and middle school students and educators.

Andrew Rader Studios. (1997-2015). Another Link in the Food Chain. [Website].

Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from http://www.geography4kids.com/files/land_foodchain.html

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How Clouds Form- Types of Clouds This two minute video informs learners of how clouds form and the basic types of clouds. The information is presented by a cute talking cloud and his sidekick rain drop and ice pellet. The video fits a lot of information into the two minutes without going over the heads of elementary school age learners.

Raindropcartoon (Producer). (2014). How Clouds Form- Types of Clouds. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zn3MhQawLpc How to Make a Simple Barometer This is a short, how-to instructional video in how to make a barometer. This is an activity that can easily be done in the classroom with just a few supplies. Showing the video to students before they make the same barometer will aid the instructor and the students. The project is simple, quick, and the instructions are given by a child. eniscuolachannel (Producer). (2011). How to Make a Simple Barometer. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://docs.google.com/document/d/1UAn3SNunB2jvAL9qesvMhE_1KZjX8J_S1cPb-3Jr7w/edit iCell iCell is an app that would be good for students to use on an android tablet in class or at home, if possible. The most useful part of this app is that there are 3 different text difficulties with ever organelle description. Students can choose from basic, intermediate, and advanced. The other really awesome feature to this app is the 3D diagrams of the different types of cells. Students can interact with the app by zooming in on the cell and zoom in to get a closer look at individual parts of the cells. It includes diagrams and descriptions for plant, animal, and bacteria cells. It has a rating of 4.1 stars out of 5. This is an android app that requires the 2.0 system and up. It is also to the teacher and studentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s advantage that the app is free to download.

HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology. (September 11, 2013). iCell. [GooglePlay, Free]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.hudsonalpha.icell&hl=en

iTooch Edupad has created this app called itooch. Just like many other apps there are versions for many different grade levels. It is less interactive than I would like but it is good for review quizzes and simulations. Itooch incorporates more scientific examples than real life examples which may prove to be a little more difficult for 5th graders to understand. Although it may be a little problem challenging, with the proper assistance students should have no problem Edupad. (Publisher). (February 25, 2015). Itooch. [Android, Free] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.edupad.app.grade5.science.

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Journey into the Cell This video would be a great resource for teaching cells in a fourth grade classroom. It would be more entertaining to students because it is more like a short movie and is only 4 minutes and 37 seconds long. This will keep them interested and not lose their attention. It is different from other videos because it is not just showing a still picture of a cell. It moves through the body as if all of the different processes in action. Teachers could use this as an introduction to a unit. It could also be used for something different like a middle strategy in a Tellâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;em in 10 PowerPoint.

Drjacademia. (Producer). (2011). Journey into the Cell. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJEfeXU3f24 Kid Weather Kid Weather, created by Just in Weather, is a great tool for getting children to think about how weather and the temperature are related to the clothing choices we make each day. The app allows users to create a child or animal avatar and dress it each day depending on weather conditions. Users may also set their location within the app so that it presents conditions and forecasts specific to that setting. Requires iOS 6.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. Kid Weather is optimized for iPhone 5.

Just in Weather, LLC.(June 12, 2014) Kid Weather [iTunes $1.99] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/kid-weather/id576008071?mt=8 Kids Energy Zone A site created by Touchstone Energy Cooperatives: kidsenergyzone.com is a site that turns classroom lessons into real world examples. This is very useful to the students in the sense that they are able to see their daily school lessons in a real world simulation. It includes ideas, games, and activities about saving energy and more. This site is one that may be more appealing to students in the sense that they are able to see what they are learning.

Touchstone Energy Cooperatives, (2015). Kids Energy Zone [Website] Retrieved March 1, 2015 from http://www.kidsenergyzone.com/.

Kinetic and Potential Energy Video for Kids (grade 5th, grade 4th) This video is an instructional source that introduces the idea of potential and kinetic energy. It allows students to see many examples of both forms of energy and how they work. This is an excellent instructional aide for teachers who may have a hard time reaching certain students. On the plus side it directly connects to state standard number ten.

Makemegenius. (Publisher). (2013). Kinetic and Potential Energy Video for Kids (grade 5th, grade 4th). [YouTube video] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from http://youtu.be/C1w_-hl6mag.

KS2 Bitesize Bitesize is an interactive site that focuses mainly on the electrical aspect of Energy. It is a game that allow students to play with simulations of electricity in the form of lighting a light bulb. This site connects with standard number 10 about energy. Bitesize is another site that appeals to real world examples that are valuable to learners.

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BBC, (2014). KS2 Bitesize [Website] Retrieved March 1, 2015 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/science/physical_processes/changing_circuits/play/.

Learning about Food Chains Learning about Food Chains is a great video for sixth grade students. It is mature and will keep them entertained. The teacher, Mr. DeMaio, takes students on a virtual and fun science lesson adventure. The video informs students about producers, consumers, and food chains. They learn what makes a producer so different than a consumer and how they fit into a food chain. You also meet some of Mr. DeMaio's science friends like Frederick the Tree (a producer that just doesn't know when to stop talking) and Barry (a talking cow that explains what a consumer is). Also, you will meet a bald eagle that explains who is really at the top of the food chain. This video is very interactive and entertaining. It would be a great lesson set or closure.

M DeMaio. (Producer). (January 14, 2014). Learning about Food Chains. [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CDO_B1Bbjl8

Plant Cell Structure This video focused heavily on plant cells instead of animal cells. This would be helpful for students to recognize the differences and similarities in the two different types of cells. The teacher in the video uses three different models of plant cells to demonstrate how the inside of the plant cell could be portrayed differently depending on your source. She took each example and pointed out all of the major organelles which would be important for students to know. She pointed out that the green areas where chloroplasts and that those and the cell wall are only found in plant cells. When beginning to learn about cells and the different types of cells, this video could be helpful. This could be used by a teacher in the classroom to specifically talk about plant cells.

ColleyBiology. (producer). (2013). Plant Cell Structure. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGF1mjfOLfw

Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers is a 6 minute and 28 second YouTube video. The speaker in the video gives a description of an ecosystem and the factors that make up an ecosystem. She defines producers, consumers, and decomposers. She gives wonderful examples of different types of producers, consumers, and decomposers in multiple habitats. She also provides images to go along with each category above. The producer of this video did an excellent job giving a brief but complete definition of the three types of organisms. This would be a great set to begin a lesson, or as a brain refresher. The speaker in the video talks loud and clear, making it easy for viewers to understand her descriptions. This video would be beneficial for studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; 3rd to 7th grade.

Shanan Riegle. (Producer). (July 02, 2014). Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers.

[YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hPqtwDxqj1g 248 | P a g e

Quia The website named quia.com is a great resource for teachers and students. This website is for creating study tools as well as creating online quizzes for your students. The teacher can set up a free 30 day trail of the website and create a class site. As a teacher you can create activities for your class that have information from the lesson on cells in it. Activities that you can create are flashcards, battleship, and word searches. The website will show you’re a report of your student’s quiz grades and will archive student’s results. You don’t have to create your own cell related activities with this site because it gives you access to ones that were made by other teachers. This site is useful for students because this would give them a way to quiz themselves at home to prepare for real assessments in the classroom. This could also help them to review cell vocabulary words in a fun and entertaining way. This site is designed to help teachers reach all types of learners.

IXL Learning. (2015). Quia. [Website]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from http://www.quia.com/web Quizlet Quizlet is an app that is designed to assist in studying. Students can take their notes on cells and type them into the app. Then it will make flash cards, quizzes, and games out of the notes that the student typed in. Students can download this app onto their phones and quiz themselves in their free time instead of playing other games. This would be a great device for teachers to recommend to their students for studying before a quiz. It has the ability to make a game out of the student’s notes and will time them. It will keep up with their time and they can try and beat their previous time. Quizlet is available to all students because there is a website version as well as an app version for iPhones, iPads, and android devices. Once a student downloads the app, they will create an account. Then they can search a topic, like cells, and the app will bring up quizlets that have been created by other students that have the app. This tool is great for older elementary students all the way up to college students. It is an added bonus that this app is free to download and it is free to create an account.

Quizlet LLC. (February 13, 2015). Quizlet. [iTunes, Free]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/quizlet-flashcards-study-tools/id546473125?mt=8 Scholastic’s Weather Watch http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/wwatch/ is a great resource for teachers and parents. The site explains how to analyze weather forecast, explore climate conditions, and track clouds. This web site offers teachers several ideas for easy to duplicate experiments and step by step instructions for creating anemometers, rain gauges, barometers, and wind vanes. There is even a printable Weather Data Sheet (pdf) to record experiment results. The Track the Clouds section of the site offers a lesson on clouds, instruction for viewing and recording gathered information, and a quiz that allows students to assess what they have learned. Higher order thinking skills are used by students to investigate weather information provided by Weather Watch and then analyzed by learners. The experiments and cloud tracking activities offered in this site are great for weather units.

GLE 0307.8.3 Identify cloud types associated with particular atmospheric conditions.

GLE 0307.8.4 Predict the weather based on cloud observations.

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GLE 0307.8.1 Select appropriate tools used for collecting weather data that correspond to the atmospheric condition being measured.

"Weather Watch Home." Weather Watch Home. 1 Jan. 2015. Retrieved on Web. 27 Feb. 2015 from http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/wwatch/index.htm.

Schoolhouse Rock: Science Energy Blues Music Video The Schoolhouse Rock music video is simply a form of entertainment for the students. Although it is music it appeals to students who learn best when music is involved. It references the real life examples of how energy is used as well as modern day examples of saving and wasting energy. It is a fun way for students to review what they learned.

Disney Educational Productions (Publisher). (2011). Schoolhouse Rock: Science Energy Blues Music Video. [YouTube video] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from http://youtu.be/wX2wrXwe8ZM.

Science for Kids Science for kids offers fun science and technology for kids. Science Kids is the home of science & technology on the Internet for children around the world. Students can learn more about the amazing world of science by enjoying fun science experiments, cool facts, online games, free activities, ideas, lesson plans, photos, quizzes, videos & science fair projects. This website has everything a teacher or student needs for their science lesson. The website offers quizzes for all science topics including food chain, consumers, producers, and decomposers. It lets students take a look into real-life habitats and dissect the parts of it. One activity allows students to place the parts of the habitat into a food/energy cycle. This website would be a great source for parents, students, and educators. I would use this website within a science research project for my students because it contains so much information. The only limitation this website has is age range. It indicates that is primarily for elementary and middle-school aged children. However, the difficulty level is not appropriate for middle school children. It is aimed more for elementary school.

Science Kids (February 06, 2015). Science for Kids. [Website]. Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/topics.html Science Grade 8 7 6 Biology Science Grade 8 7 6 Biology app allows middle school level students to learn, review, and excel at science/biology concepts in a very simple and user friendly manner. In the "Learn" mode of the app, click on the "Concepts" or "Video" buttons, review the "concept text" or "concept videos" and then answer multiple choice questions related to the science/biology concept that you just reviewed. If the answer is wrong, a detailed "answer explanation" will be displayed, which will reinforce learning. Proceed in this manner to complete a particular topic at your own pace. In â&#x20AC;&#x153;Test Modeâ&#x20AC;? students use learning from the app and attempt multiple choice questions.

Again, the app prompts you with detailed answer explanation in case they answer wrong. This proven process again reinforces learning. Students can share their scores through email. This app allows for students to obtain strong foundation in biological sciences. This app is allows students 250 | P a g e

to work at their own pace, accommodating students who may need extra time. This app is basic and not very interactive. I would not recommend this app for students whom are not at a middle school level. Overall, this mobile app achieves good ratings.

This app requires Android 4.0 and up. *Free for a limited time.

PJP Consulting LLC. (March 17, 2014) Science Grade 8 7 6 Biology. [Google Play. Free] Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.pjp.qvprep.biology678.lite&hl=en Science Temperature What is Temperature Understanding and Definition for kids The intent of this video is to help students understand what temperature is and how it is measured with thermometers. The video also explains the difference between Celsius and Fahrenheit. The animation is fun and the language is easy for learners to understand.

Funny jokes (Producer). (2014). Science Temperature What is Temperature Understanding and Definition for kids. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Wy9qstaEaU

Sheppard Software: The Producer Consumer Decomposer The website http://www.sheppardsoftware.com offers multiple science lessons and games for children. The Producer Consumer Decomposer lesson in informative and simple. The following game is a fun way for student to differentiate between the three types of organism. The game shows a picture and the students have to pick either producer, consumer, or decomposer. There is an option to get helpful hints for students who may be struggling. This website offers a great review for a lesson about producers, consumers, and decomposers. It would also be great practice for school and homework.

Sheppard Software. (n/a). The Producer Consumer Decomposer. [Website]. Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/content/animals/kidscorner/games/producersconsumersgame. htm Slide Share: Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers The website www.slideshare.net provides publicly shared slides. The slide share Producers, Consumer, and Decomposers by sth215 takes us through 21 very informative slides. These slides start with the basic and slowly progress. These slides would be beneficial 4 th-6th grade students.

The teacher could use these to aid her throughout the lesson, the students could use these for research or help with homework, and parents could use these to assist their children with homework. These slides include all the information you need to know about consumers, producers, and decomposers. Each slide provides informational text and images to help the viewer connect the description to a real-life photo.

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sth215. (Producer). (February 09, 2008). Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers.

[Website] Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from http://www.slideshare.net/sth215/producersconsumers-and-decomposers

Study Island Studyisland.com is a site solely based standards from all over the country and even has content for every subject area. In this case there are games and activities designed for the Tennessee State science standards. It includes assessment, reinforcements, and even review for the covered content, and also instant feedback. That instant feedback allows students to see whether or not they are grasping the concept. This is a great site to help monitor students’ growth in a subject area.

Edmentum, (2000-2014). Study Island [Website, $3 per student] Retrieved March 1, 2015 from http://www.studyisland.com/tn/elementary-school/tennessee-curriculum-standards-preparation.

The Cell Song “The Cell Song” video is a very useful tool for teaching cells to young students. This is because it is song with a melody and this will help the students to remember the material. The video will be good for the auditory learners because the man is singing the words and telling them about the different parts of the cell. The video is also good for visual learners because the words are on the screen as he sings them. There are also pictures of the two different types of cells in the video and arrows pointing to the parts of the cells as he sings about them. This tool would be a great resource for teachers to use as an introduction to a unit on cells.

Sciencemusicvideos. (producer). (2011). The Cell Song. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on February 27, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rABKB5aS2Zg The Food Chain Mystery The Food Chain Mystery is a fifteen minute video about producers, consumers, and decomposers in the food chain. They characters in the video investigate and solve where energy comes from.

They explore how the energy relates to the food chain. In the video, the main speaker describes scientific terms that relate to the food chain. He explains how living things get energy through the food chain. This video is very interesting and fun for students. It has a lot of useful information about science. The video is broke into chapters. This would be beneficial for teachers because they could discuss with students what they are learning at each break. This would be great to use during a lesson and for students to review at home with their homework.

SchoolMedia, Inc. (2009-2015) The Food Chain [Interactive Video] Retrieved from http://schoolmediainteractive.com/view/object/quiz/0F8748E521DF193AD299B1AB788C3AD7 The Science Spot The website www.sciencespot.net offers so many resources for educators and students. The website includes science lessons, printable activities, PowerPoints, daily class warm-up activities, science club for project ideas, a nature center, a reference center, helpful and accommodating tech link and resources, an idea factory, and a puzzle corner. The website offers 252 | P a g e

all science, biology, and chemistry topics. It was created and intended for middle school students and educators. My favorite portion is the daily class warm-up activities. When clicking on that tab, it brings you to a list of all topics. From there choose ecology, and then click Food Web. It pulls up a brief PowerPoint for the teacher to project to the board. The PowerPoint shows a picture and ask a few brief questions about the picture. Students have to recognize producers, consumers, and decomposers. They write the answers to the questions on their own sheet of paper. This would be an excellent resource for the beginning of a lesson to activate and identify prior knowledge. It would be also be great for a class warm-up activity. Science spot also offers resources that correlate with state standards and interactive notebook ideas. I would recommend this website to all middle school science, chemistry, or biology teachers.

Tomm, Tracy. (March 1999) Updated (2015). The Science Spot. [Website]. Retrieved on March 01, 2015 from http://sciencespot.net/Pages/startersbiology.html Thermo-Hygrometer (Barometer, Feels Like Temperature, THI) Thermo-Hydrometer provides barometric, humidity index, and temperature readings for the userâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s location. The app uses sun and cloud animations on the barometer, and the words dry, comfort, and wet to relate humidity levels. Thermo-Hygrometer does an excellent job of relating how the readings the app is designed to display, actually affect the user.

Humidity and barometric pressure, things not visible to the eye, are difficult ideas for students to understand and this app helps to make the concepts real to learners. Compatibility requirements are iOS 7.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5, iPhone 6, and iPhone 6 Plus.

PARK, KYU TAE. (Oct.17,2014) Thermo-Hygrometer [iTunes $.99] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/thermo-hygrometer-barometer/id495546638?mt=8

This is My Weather- Meteorology for Kids

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This app lets young learners pick an avatar and dress it based on current weather conditions.

Weather information is presented with colorful and fun graphics. This is My Weather also presents several weather and climate related topics to users such as, the water cycle, how heavy clouds are, and why weather is not the same everywhere. This app provides simple to understand information. This app requires iOS 8.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. Optimized for iPhone 5, iPhone 6, and iPhone 6 Plus.

Urbn; Pockets. (Jan. 22, 2015) This is My Weather- Meteorology for Kids [iTunes $2.99] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/this-is-my-weathermeteorology/id947134111?mt=8 Tree House Weather http://urbanext.illinois.edu was created by the University of Illinois and features detailed explanations of air pressure and cloud types. The site also presents a glossary of weather terms in learner friendly language. For teachers, state standards and related class activities/lessons are offered. This is an excellent tool for ensuring that lessons are addressing standard expectations.

Some information on this site directed towards upper elementary school grade levels and middle school. Therefore, in regards to third graders, teachers may use this site for the differentiated instruction of advanced students who need supplemental activities.

"Tree House Weather Kids - University of Illinois Extension." Tree House Weather Kids University of Illinois Extension. 1 Jan. 2015. Retrieved on Web. 27 Feb. 2015 from http://urbanext.illinois.edu/treehouse/.

Tutor Vista The website tutor vista has free online tutors to help students any time of day with many different subjects. They have a page titled â&#x20AC;&#x153;Animal Cellâ&#x20AC;? that has a definition of what an animal cell is. It also has a comparison of an animal cell to a plant cell. This site has a diagram of an animal cell and a list of cell vocabulary words with their definitions. There is also a description of the functions of an animal cell. This site could be a very useful tool for a student who needs some extra help with cells. The tutor can help you at any time of the day or night. They can have a live chat with the student and even direct the student to a white board where they work on practice questions. The student does have the option to not respond to the tutor and to just read or study the information provided on the site.

NCS Pearson. (2014). Tutor Vista. [Website]. Retreived on February 27, 2015 from http://biology.tutorvista.com/animal-and-plant-cells/animal-cell.html Virtual Cell Animations Virtual Cell Animations is an app that includes quizzes, cell images and animations, and a narrator. It could be used on an ipad in a classroom or by a student at home, if possible. They would have access to modules that would show them different cell processes such as: cell respiration, meiosis, mitosis, photosynthesis. The descriptions are simplified which will be of benefit to students who are learning about cells for the first time. This app would be a great study 254 | P a g e

guide for a student because they can visually see the cell and its inner workings. It also has extra details about proteins and RNA which students would learn after learning about basic cell structure. That would help them to study ahead of time. This app is free on iTunes and requires iOS 4.3 or later. It is compatible with iPhones, iPads, and iPod touches.

VCell Productions. (December 17, 2013). Virtual Cell Animations. [iTunes, Free].

Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/virtual-cellanimations/id427893931?mt=8 Weather Tools This less than two minute song is a great introduction to weather tools or can be played as a quick review. The graphics and instrumental song are fun and upbeat. Weather instruments presented in this video include anemometer, barometer, thermometer, and rain gauge.

MsLacourse (Producer). (2014). Weather Tools. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6F9AtxAiSQ Weather Wiz Kids Weatherwizkids.com was created by meteorologist Crystal Wicker, and offers an abundance of weather information for children as well as teachers and parents of elementary and middle school age learners. Cloud formation and weather instrument information offered on the site aligns with Common Core State Standards for third grade science. There are also several educational games, flashcards, and links to related kid-friendly sites on Weatherwizkids.com.

GLE 0307.8.3 Identify cloud types associated with particular atmospheric conditions.

GLE 0307.8.4 Predict the weather based on cloud observations.

GLE 0307.8.1 Select appropriate tools used for collecting weather data that correspond to the atmospheric condition being measured.

Wicker, Crystal. "Weather Wiz Kids Weather Information for Kids." Weather Wiz Kids Weather Information for Kids. 1 Jan. 2015. Retrieved on Web. 27 Feb. 2015 from http://www.weatherwizkids.com/weather-clouds.htm>.

What's Eating You: Producers, Consumer, Decomposers?

Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Eating You: Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers is a brief educational video about the food chain and the role producers, consumers, and decomposers play in the environment.

This video only last 1 minute and 42 seconds. It would be an excellent source to use during a lesson, and for students and parents to refer to at home for additional help or practice. The video provides small clips of segmented video along with descriptions of the type or organism the speaker is talking about.

Mrsefdubose. (Producer). (May 05, 2008). Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Eating You: Producers, Consumers, Decomposers? [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnffYkN1UDk 255 | P a g e

What is Energy REALLY?!

This video is similar to the Bill Nye Video it goes into great detail about what Energy really is. It allows students to see different types of energy and how they work. This is more of a mature way to show 5th grade children what energy is. It is probably the least related to the state standard.

The Science Asylum (Publisher). (2013).What is Energy Really?! [YouTube video]. Retrieved March 2, 2015 from http://youtu.be/jCroOtF7T4E. What is Energy- Types of Energy?

Makemegenius creates lots of videos on many different content areas. This is another great video related to state standard number 10, energy. It introduces the topic in a comical way that will relax the students. It also goes into slight detail about the types of energy and how they work. It also shows real life examples of what energy is and how we use the different types of energy in our daily lives.

Makemegenius. (Publisher). (2012). What is Energy- Types of Energy? [YouTube video] Retrieved March 2, 2015 from http://youtu.be/NKJifzlOSoQ.

What is Weather? http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/whatisweather/aboutweather/flash_menu.shtml Provides short, animated videos about weather for elementary grade students. The videos are brief and use concise language, making them easy to insert into presentations on weather. There are also interactive games to play with students about types of clouds and precipitation as well as printable games about how weather can affect that types of housing we have, clothes we wear, and sports we play. This BBC can b be used to align with several CCSS.

GLE 0307.8.3 Identify cloud types associated with particular atmospheric conditions.

GLE 0307.8.4 Predict the weather based on cloud observations.

BBC News. BBC, 20 Oct. 2014. Retrieved on Web. 27 Feb. 2015 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/whatisweather/aboutweather/flash_menu.shtml.

Social Studies 28 Unknown Facts: Black History 28 Unknown Facts: Black History is a great video that tells the stories of black people who are not as commonly recognized in textbooks like Martin Luther King Jr. or Rosa Parks. This video 256 | P a g e

tells students about black people who succeeded as doctors, boxers, and lawyers. It gives insight on black people who were making progress in different fields other than those who fought for freedom. It shows the black people who were trying to make it in a world where white people previously dominated. This video is inspirational because it tells children all these wonderful occupations black people had and succeeded in.

S4T Works. (Producer) (March 15, 2010) 28 Unknown Facts: Black History. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RckRFdicze4

50 States Google play has created a fun interactive game that allows children to learn the states and their capitals along with additional facts about each state. In addition to learning the fifty states, the 50 States app allows children to learn about national land marks, monuments and parks that each state contains. The graphics are up to date and are created to show children the accurate looks and sites of the states and the facts that they contain. In addition, children have the option of taking quizzes to reassure themselves of the content on the app. It is recommended for all ages, but looks more appropriate for middle elementary grades. This app is compatible with Android devices and requires 2.1 and up.

DigitalMav. (August 26, 2011). 50 States. [Android, Free] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.digitalmav.states50free&hl=en 50 States Song 50 States Song is an educational video where students can learn the states and a quality that each state holds. While children watch the video, they will learn the locations of each state and the spellings as well. Children will also hear many qualities about the states as well. Some qualities may be culture related and others may be a famous personâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s home state. In addition, some of the qualities mentioned may teach the children the location of the states compared to other states.

The video is an encouraging and interesting video for children to watch. This video will appeal to middle and upper elementary grades as well as lower middle school grades.

GuruParents. (Producer). (April 28, 2013). 50 States Song. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6Idny5YrAw 50 States That Rhyme Song 50 States That Rhyme Song is a great upbeat song that will get the minds of children ready to learn the fifty states. This song has a rock beat to it, and it rhymes to make it more enjoyable and memorable for the children. In addition, there is animation throughout so that children can see how enjoyable learning the fifty states can be. Children are also able to connect the state with the location during the song because the map is shown through the entire song. The song is a great way to learn the fifty states with a positive attitude.

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Raggs TV. (Producer). (August 14, 2014). 50 States That Rhyme Song- Fun, Learning Video & Sing Along: Teaching Children the U.S. Map. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxHGiLYEaV8 ABCYA: USA Geography-Puzzle Map Puzzle maps are always fun with children, and abcya.com has given children a fun and exciting game to do just that. Children can learn by using shapes and names to allow them to put together a puzzle of the United States using USA Geography-Puzzle Map in abcya.com. Children will be timed as they journey to beat their last score of putting the puzzle together. It also allows them to skip states that they may or may not be familiar with and continue to the next one. In addition, children have the privilege to challenge themselves and choosing the hard puzzle. This website allows children to learn the states, their shapes, and their placement on a map of the United States. USA Geography-Puzzle Map is recommended for grades 2-5.

ABCya. (2012). USA Geography-Puzzle Map. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.abcya.com/USA geography_puzzle_map.htm Age of Exploration “Hit the Seas” Age of Exploration “Hit the Seas” is a three-minute rap video that has graphics and lyrics explaining aspects of the Age of Exploration. It includes details on explorers, ship life, the oceans and stars, motivations, and common beliefs of that time. Along with the video, there are challenge questions, an interactive lyric page, and fill in the blanks. All of these are great resources to help students apply what they hear and assess whether or not they are comprehend the information. The catchy lyric and tune can help students to memorize the material and pinpoint what they have not quite mastered yet.

Flocabulary (2015) Age of Exploration “Hit the Seas” [Video File] Retrieved from https://www.flocabulary.com/age-of-exploration/

American History: From the Explorers Through the Civil War American History: From the Explorers Through the Civil War app covers America’s complete history, but has a specific section of information on the explorers and their expeditions.

There are video presentations, documents, pictures, interactive stimuli, and quizzes as well that the teacher can utilize. All of these features will aid students’ development in their knowledge of the explorers, the countries they were from, and the influence it had on America as it developed.

It is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch and requires iOS 4.3 or later.

Multieducator Inc (January 10th, 2014) American History: From the Explorers Through the Civil War [iTunes, $9.99] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/american-history-from-explorers/id609520751?mt=8

Black History Month #1 - What is Black History Month?

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This is an amazing video on YouTube that explains why we have black history month. It is a simple way to explain the importance of black history, it explains black history clearly, it tells who started a black history month, and it is a short and informative video. The good thing about this video is that it has videos that follow it, so whatever lesson you are working on in class this video series may have a short informative video that could help your lesson. As I watched the video I even learned some things that I did not know. Overall this video is awesome!

Jaime McGarth (Producer) (January 27, 2013) Black History Month #1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; What is Black History Month?

[YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9IThSKYxIjU Black History Month Game Black History Month Game is a fun way for students to learn more inspirational facts about different black people. This app lets you read different passages to help students understand more about black people and why we celebrate black history month. The thing that makes this app special is you are able to play with family, friends, or even their classmates and allows the student to interact with others while on this app. With this app students will not only be playing with their friends but they will be learning with their friends.

Black History Month Game (February 26, 2015). Black History Month Game [Android 2.3.3 and up] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kbf.app2837505 Black History People Black History People is a great app for young children, or anyone, to use to improve their knowledge on black history figures. It gives you fun facts about individuals, tells you about their life, tells you their achievements, and even gives fun activities for a teacher to do with her students or for a parent to do at home with their child. There are nearly one hundred profiles to pick and choose from. This app will help with a student who is learning about different black figures and gives parents fun ways to make sure their child is obtaining the knowledge given.

Black History People (May 19, 2011). Black People History [Android 2.1 and up, free] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.dreamstep.webWidget.wBlackHistoryPeople &hl=en Black History Quiz Black History Quiz is a factual black history trivia game for people of all ages. It will test your knowledge of black history and is simple and easy to use. What is really awesome about this app is that if you miss a question the app will stay on the same question until you get it correct. This app will help students learn fun facts all while playing a quiz on their phone. The quiz is in no way at risk to their school grades but will improve their grades if used properly.

Black History Quiz (October 22, 2013). Black History Quiz [Android 1.0 and up, free] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from

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https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.quikthinking.blackhistoryquiz&hl=en Black Inventors MatchGame LITE Black Inventors MatchGame LITE is a great game that specifically targets children. The app has three different levels easy, medium, and hard so the child can choose whichever level makes them comfortable. The app, or game, provides children with detailed facts about different black people’s lives and will challenge the children’s memory to make sure they retain the knowledge they are learning.

Black Inventors MatchGame LITE (April 8, 2013). Black Inventors MatchGame LITE [Android 2.0 and up, free] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.blackInventors.MatchGame&hl=en

Christopher Columbus The two-minute video “Christopher Columbus” gives a quick overview of Columbus’ ideas, supporters, and reasons the sailing was more difficult than everyone thought. The narrator of the clip uses a fair amount of academic language, which is important for students to hear and learn. This video could be a great way to introduce Christopher Columbus to a class and foster questions and discussion.

Discovery (2015) Christopher Columbus [Video File] Retrieved from http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/other-shows/videos/assignment-discovery-christophercolumbus/ Columbus and The Age of European Explorers Columbus and The Age of European Explorers app has detailed information on the explorers, their motivations, their voyages, and an overall picture of the world at that point in time. It is designed in a simple to understand colorful format that includes maps, timelines, and student activities. All of the content is organized into categories based on grade and skill levels which allows for ease of use for teachers and specifically designed content to connect with the students. It is compatible with an iPad with iOS 6.1 or later.

TimeMaps (November 10th, 2013) Columbus and The Age of European Explorers [iTunes, $2.99] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/columbus-age-european-explorers/id705229063?mt=8 Comic- Middle Ages, Silk Road, and Exploration The video Comic-Middle Ages, Silk Road, and Exploration is a simple six minute video giving an overview of English exploration and what the world looked like at the time. Basic pictures are provided but the only audio is simple background music with no words. A teacher could play this for his/her class while teaching a lesson and go into more detail as it plays. It seems geared towards younger grades based on graphics, speed of presentation, and basic content displayed.

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DerrJenn86 [Host] (2011, December 4th) Comic- Middle Ages, Silk Road, and Exploration [Video File] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NWwbSnIb6mU Coolmath-Games: State the State Coolmath-games.com is an educational website that allows children to choose the level of their choice. Children also get to choose the amount of questions and types of questions that they may want to answer. Whether they play choose it or spell it, they will be challenged to do their best.

There are between ten to fifty questions pertaining to the states, and children will advance in their level of knowledge during these games. State the State will confirm the childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s previous knowledge on the subject and give them a chance to exceed what they already know with a score after the game is over. This game is a great way to challenge children to do their best.

Coolmath-Games. (2015). State the State. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.coolmath-games.com/0-geography-state-the-state Early Voyages of Exploration 1492-1609 This webpage displays a clearly pictured map with icons of eight different explorers listed at the bottom. If the icons are clicked a moving arrow draws the routes of that explorer; this is followed by an informational box that pops up giving more information on each voyage.

It is simple and would need to be accompanied with other materials, but for a visual learner it could be a very effective way to help he/she to grasp the actual routes the explorers made.

Pearson (2015) Early Voyages of Exploration 1492-1609 [Website] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from http://www.phschool.com/atschool/ahon/history_interactive/mvl1021/common_player.html European Exploration: The Age of Discovery European Exploration: The Age of Discovery app is a free interactive game that allows users to build ships, send out their own crews on expeditions, and make discoveries around the world. Students will become familiar with the reality of hardships at sea, exploration academic language, general geography, and the excitement of making discoveries. Interactively playing the role of the explorer and understanding their impact with further student learning. This app is compatible with iPad and requires iOS 4.3 or later.

GAMeS Lab at RU (August 16th, 2013) European Exploration: The Age of Discovery [iTunes, Free] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/europeanexploration-age-discovery/id393625741?mt=8 EXPLORERS: The Story of Exploration of the Americas From Before Columbus to Cartier EXPLORERS: The Story of Exploration of the Americas From Before Columbus to Cartier app focuses on many of the specific explorers involved in the European explorations.

Each explorerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s section includes their own biography, a 1-3 minute video, maps that coincide with their expeditions, a primary source document, and an overall summary. All of these aspects will help the students to clearly learn the details of each individual with visual and audio support.

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Teachers can use this to focus on each explorer or as a device to have students gain more knowledge and information themselves. This app is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch and requires iOS 5.1 or later.

Multieducator Inc (October 3rd, 2012) EXPLORERS: The Story of Exploration of the Americas From Before Columbus to Cartier [iTunes, $0.99] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/explorers-story-exploration/id562708507?mt=8 Explorers Song The Explorers Song video on TeacherTube is a 3:22 minute song that uses a catchy tune that most students will be familiar with (Party in the USA by Miley Cyrus) which will make learning the modified lyrics much easier for students to learn and remember. It focuses on explorers, countries, and the voyages. Many students connect with music and movement and this song provides the perfect opportunity to get students dancing and also learning the material.

Trhart [Host] (2011) Explorers Song [Video File] Retrieved from http://www.teachertube.com/video/explorers-song-208470 Fact Monster The website is http://www.factmonster.com/black-history-month. This is a wonderful website for students of all ages to use. On the website you will be able to choose what grade level you teach or want to teach. You can choose from first grade to high school to advanced. The website will then give the learner or teacher timelines, current issues, holidays, awards, biographies, and much more. The website even offers a quizzes and crossword app which would be a fun activity to do in class or to send home for the child to do with their parents. This website is great for all ages and whatever grade you select there will be age appropriate materials.

Fact Monster (2015) Black History Month [Website]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from http://www.factmonster.com/black-history-month.

Fact Monster: The Fifty States The factmonster.com website has a link to The Fifty States trivia and information chart where children can learn about each state and some important facts that they hold. Students will be learning where each state is on a map as they work against a timer to try to correctly match each state with its shape. In addition, Fact Monster also allows children to take quizzes to challenge themselves. They also can learn more about state capitals, flags, and national landmarks that belong to each state. Many facts about each state can be found on this page such as elevations, populations, and fun facts. Children will be amazed at the amount of information that this website shares and teachers will be more than happy to allow children to use this during class time.

Factmonster. (2015). The Fifty States. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.factmonster.com/states.html Family Education 262 | P a g e

The website is http://fun.familyeducation.com/black-history-month/holidays/32871.html. This website is an awesome site for children to learn about black history. The website has many different options to select like coloring pages, games, quizzes, informational passages, and downloading printables. This website also teaches students about the lesser known black history figures who made an impact on our country.

Family Education (2015) Black History Month Holidays [Website]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from http://fun.familyeducation.com/black-history-month/holidays/32871.html.

Famous Explorers Famous Explorers app is ideal for students and teachers who are studying the Age of Exploration and the people who were involved. With multiple images, vast information, and challenging quizzes imbedded within the information, this app inspires students to learn more about the explorers and their lives. Organized in a simple to understand format this app allows for easy use. It is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch and requires iOS 4.3 or later. htapps (July 30th, 2013) Famous Explorers [iTunes, $2.99] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/famous-explorers/id654900455?mt=8 Fifty Nifty States In the video Fifty Nifty States, all fifty states are addressed in a song for children to learn. One of the qualities is that they are addressed in alphabetic order and repeated one more time.

Students with different learning styles may be able to adapt to this song because they are in alphabetical order. In addition, Fifty Nifty States also shows the shapes of each state and the map as well. Children can get a better understanding of the shape of the state because the video puts an emphasis on each state. This video would be a great introduction to lessons pertaining to the states and their location and shape.

Dow, Lincoln. (Producer). (June 24, 2010). Fifty Nifty States. [YouTube Video].

Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WhDrGnjacvA Geography Drive USA This interactive app allows children to create their own upgradeable cars to travel across the United States and explore each state. Children will enter trivia games and track their score to move through each state. Geography Drive USA allows the children to see the map with all fifty states on it as well as chose the state to which they want to continue on visiting. This app teaches the children general information about each state, along with the location and spelling of each state on the map. Geography Drive USA is recommended for ages 9-11 and created by parents that enjoy seeing children learn. This app is compatible with an iPad and requires iOS 6.0 or later.

Spinlight Studio. (December 8, 2014). Geography Drive USA. [iTunes, $2.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/geography-drive-usa/id579100969?mt=8 Harriett Tubman Biography (Black History Month for Kids/Children) 263 | P a g e

Harriett Tubman Biography (Black History Month for Kids/Children) is an amazing video for children.

This video makes the story of Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad relatable to young children. The video connects the white people to bullies and the black people to the ones being bullied. It helps compare Harriet Tubman to a friend who wanted to help her friends. It gives children an image to see in their mind because some children cannot believe what America has went through to get to the point we are at now. This video is perfect for young children who want to learn about Harriet Tubman.

Fresberg (Producer) (February 2, 2015) Harriett Tubman Biography (Black History Month for Kids/Children) [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VYWRoB6Ucrc History Comes Alive: Age of Exploration History Comes Alive: Age of Exploration is one of many videos provided by Mr. Arnold on various topics. This specific video focuses on the Age of Exploration. It is twenty minutes long but is divided up into four parts, which makes it a great resource to use to introduce or enhance a lesson. The four parts include geography, technology, explorers, and the trade and economy related to that period in time. Along with the characterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s passionate attitude, multiple graphics, photographs and drawings, are used to support what he is teaching throughout the entire video. Main points pop up on the lower section of the video this gives another way for students to absorb the information, and would offer direction if notes are being taken.

Samuel Arnold [Host] (2014, May 21 st) History Comes Alive: Age of Exploration [Video File] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpXRvfdy9VE

I Know Trivia Black History Edition I Know Trivia Black History Edition is like the game Trivia Crack but for learning black history.

In this game you get to learn facts about different black people, who invented what, and what the most inspirational black people did. This app (or game) allows the player to enter a game center where they can play against other people (friends, family, or classmates) and win points. This way the student can be competitive and have fun trying to win a game and still learn while they are playing.

I Know Trivia Black History Edition (April 24, 2013). I Know Trivia Black History Edition [Requires iOS 6.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.] Retrieved February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/i-know-trivia-black-history/id636341816?mt=8 Jackie Robinson Breaks Barriers

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This video is a great informative video about Jackie Robinson and his difficult journey in becoming a baseball legend. It explains how difficult it was for Robinson to be a part of the baseball community that was previously all white, how he had to stay in different hotel rooms when the team traveled, and when he was attacked with racial violence he had to stay calm and turn the other cheek. This video also tells the wonderful story of how successful Robinson was in the Major Baseball League and how his role on the Dodgers helped other black people have successful careers in baseball.

The History Channel (Producer) (Unknown) Jackie Robinson Breaks Barriers [TheHistoryChannel Video] Retrieved from http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/black-history-month/videos/jackierobinson-breaks-barriers Learn The States with Flat Stanley What a fun way to learn about the fifty states and what they contain within. In this app, children can explore the fifty states with Flat Stanley as he goes on an adventure with them. He also allows children to see real photos of monuments, landmarks, and attractions on this journey.

Children will venture out into the United States and see the region that each state is in and the landmarks that make that state well known. Not only with the children learn the fifty states, but they will also learn the spelling of each state as well. A great component of this app is that it does not have pop up ads like others. Learn The States with Flat Stanley is also recommended for children 9-11 in age. This app is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch and requires iOS 5.0 or later.

Flatter World, Inc. (November 2, 2013). Learn The States with Flat Stanley. [iTunes, $1.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/learn-states-flatstanley/id632991688?mt=8 MLK – The King and His Dream MLK – The King and His Dream is a wonderful informative video for children. This is an animated video that helps describe Martin Luther King Jr.’s life, tells about his childhood, parents, and focuses on his I Had A Dream speech. It even gives an audio clip of King saying his speech. It helps the children hear the passion in his voice. This video is a great, and short, video for children to watch to better understand Martin Luther King Jr. and why he wanted peace and segregation so badly.

Ipsim580 (Producer) (June 13, 2009) MLK – The King and His Dream [YouTube Video] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k6Au81aHuSg Mr. Nussbaum Learning + Fun This site offers information on explorations through usage of activities, printables, explorer profiles, and interactive maps. The materials integrate reading and writing development into the social studies lesson. With so much of education today functioning by inclusion and incorporating multiple aspects into one lesson, this site can be a useful tool to accomplish this.

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Nussbaum Education Network,LLC (2014) Mr. Nussbaum Learning + Fun [Website] Retrieved on February 27 th, 2015 from http://mrnussbaum.com/explorersflash/ Nick Jr. The Nick Jr. website page has a specific page for learning black history. The website is http://www.nickjr.com/black-history. This website has many different options for learning about black history like videos, coloring pages, family books, DVDâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s, activities, and something unique they have is Hero Cards. Hero Cards are basically flash cards with inspirational black people on them with facts about each hero. This is a great website for teacher to use while planning a lesson about black history for young children and it has videos to help children learn about black history. This website is great because it is informative, factual, and children based.

Nick Jr. (2015). Black History [Website]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from http://www.nickjr.com/black-history.

PBS Kids The website is http://pbskids.org/aaworld. This website is a great way to get kids learning about black people who have made a difference in the world. On the website you can go to e-cards, kid talk, or a game called Find the Face. The website also has a Find Out More link that you can click and get access to educational videos about historical black figures in American history.

This website is a wonderful and simple tool for children to use to learn more about our past. This website also has two tabs one for parents and one for teachers to help come up with activities and a way to help children at home with the help of their parents.

PBS Kids (Unknown) AA World [Website]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from http://pbskids.org/aaworld.

Scholastic: Puzzled States Game Puzzled States Game is a great way to allow children to use their time wisely and concentrate on the shape of the states and where they are located on the map. There are no time limits or wrong answers, just children trying their best. Along the way, as children get the states in the correct place, they will gain more knowledge about each state. When the state is placed correctly, additional information about the state is presented to the children, such as the states nickname and a symbol of life there. While using their background knowledge about the states in America, students can succeed in placing each puzzle piece in the correct place to create The United States puzzle.

Scholastic. (2015). Puzzled States. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.scholastic.com/play/prestates.htm Shepard Software: USA Games-States In shepardsoftware.com, playing educational games are so much fun and exciting for children.

The USA Games-States page allows children to choose a level of their choice depending on their knowledge. With that being said, teachers can also begin children on a level that they believe would be best for their level of learning. The first level, the tutorial, begins with children 266 | P a g e

clicking on a state and then it names the states for each student to get familiar with. The levels then proceed until they reach the Master Geographer where students create the map and shape the states to their correct size. This is a good resource for beginners, and they can eventually move up as they build on their background knowledge.

Shepard Software. (2015). USA Games-States. [Website]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/states_experiment_background_noClip10s.html Stack the States Stack the States is a great way for children to learn the fifty states that create The United States of America. Children, recommended between the ages of 9-11, can create their own interactive game where the states come to life, and they are also encouraged to level up as often as they can to earn more points to win. In addition to learning the states and their locations, children are taught about state capitals and their flags as well. As children progress throughout the game, they earn random states to add to their map. The end goal is to create your own personal map and win all fifty states to insert into the map. In addition, they can also gain access to additional educational games. Knowledge of the states, their capitals, and the location will benefit children throughout their school years. This app is compatible with iPad, iPhone, and iPod touch and requires iOS 4.3 or later.

Freecloud Design, Inc. (July 23, 2014). Stack the States. [iTunes, $1.99] Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/stack-the-states/id381342267?mt=8 State Bingo and Road Trip US State Bingo and Road Trip US is an adventurous educational learning experience for children learning about the states in America. This app is recommended for ages 9-11 and levels 4th-6th grade. Within this app, two games allow children to learn about the states and add continuously to their background knowledge. The first game, State Bingo game, allows children to play bingo while solving state riddles and using their reading a map skills. The second game, Road Trip US game, allows children to move Pep the car from north to south and east to west while traveling all over the United States. In order to move, questions will have to be answered correctly and excursions, such as Lewis and Clark, will be seen as well. One of the great aspects of this game is that it has three levels, easy-medium-hard, for children to use depending on their level. The app allows children to learn while having fun. It is also a great educational resource to carry along on family vacations and road trips so that the experience can be seen. . One of the rewarding features of this app is that it is aligned with common core standards that many states with the United States have adopted. This app is compatible with Ipad and requires iOS 5.1or later.

Niyaa LLC. (May 21, 2014). State Bingo and Road Trip US. [iTunes, $2.99] Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/state-bingo-and-road-tripus/id584256800?mt=8 The 50 States and Capitals Song The 50 States and Capitals Song is an educational rapping song that teaches children the states and the capitals through rhyming while allowing the children to see the location of each state.

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Children need an upbeat and exciting song to get them through the school day, and The 50 States and Capitals Song will allow this to happen. Children will learn the fifty states while watching this video. In addition, the video will show the children the regions that each of the states is located. This will allow children to connect each state with the correct region that is in. The song in the video also allows the children to hear rhyming patterns throughout to connect the states and their capitals onto the map. In addition, the video also has the lyrics that may be printed for the children to read along to.

Silly School Songs. (Producer). (December 2, 2014). The 50 States and Capitals Song.

[YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2014 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQaWFEjTcVc The Ages of Exploration This website would be a great resource for students who need to research the Age of Discovery or any other time periods related to discovery. With easy to maneuver tabs, a search bar, colorful graphics, and in-depth information this website is a great education resource. Each explorer has a biography, gallery, and additional resources provided. There is a large voyage map that is interactive and displays the routes and includes icons that students can click to zoom in on certain areas and read details. Other tabs include ships and tools. Overall it provides a plethora of information in an easy to navigate format.

The Marinerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Museum (2015) The Ages of Exploration [Webstie] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from http://exploration.marinersmuseum.org/type/age-of-discovery/

Time for Kids The website is http://www.timeforkids.com/minisite/black-history-month. This website has fun printable quizzes, fun facts, and matches with common core standards. You are able to choose the grade level, what type of printable you want (worksheet or quiz), the type of skills you are working on, and there is even an option to make a printable in Spanish! Teachers will enjoy the simple layout of the site as well as the content of the website matching up with common core standards.

Time for Kids. (2015). Black History Minisite. [Website]. Retrieved on February 28, 2015 from http://www.timeforkids.com/minisite/black-history-month.

Tour The States In the video Tour The States, children will hear more R&B music to learn the 50 States, their location, and their capitals. This video would appeal to older children in grades 4-6, but younger children in 2nd and 3rd grade may be introduced to the song to help with knowing the states. In this video, the song is shown through a faster approach than most songs but allows the students to sing along once they have been introduced to it. The video also adds graphics to each state to create a unique look that the children can connect with the name and location of the state. Tour 268 | P a g e

The States is a creative and enjoyable video that children can learn from and will be able to retain the information that is presented in the video.

Marbles The Brain Store. (Producer). (June 29, 2012). Tour The States. [YouTube Video]. Retrieved on March 1, 2015 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_E2CNZIlVIg Walk the Plank Walk the Plank is a game based activity that allows a learner to create their own character and then answer a series of questions based on the Age of Discovery and specifically the explorers that were involved. Each game consists of ten questions. If the majority of the questions are answered correctly students succeed in making the pirate walk the plank. This is a beneficial tool because the students will feel as though they are playing but the activity will assess their current knowledge and level of understanding automatically. This game could be played as a whole class or individually and could be easily incorporated prior to or after a lesson.

School History.co.uk (2014, August 27th) Walk the Plank [Website game] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/games/walk/walk_explorers.html

World Explorers This site includes the “who”, “when”, and “why’s” of the Age of Discovery. There are tabs for multiple explorers that learners can click on to learn more specifically about each individual (birth, expeditions, death). This would be very helpful if students are assigned one explorer to research. The information is clearly organized and separated into understandable sections. Pictures are also included in order to offer visual support.

Technological Solutions (2015) World Explorers [Website] Retrieved on February 27th, 2015 from http://www.ducksters.com/biography/explorers/

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