ANALYSIS OF FORM
semester three university at buffalo christopher osterhoudt
ARC 201 Design Studio Christopher Osterhoudt Ryan Ludwig Fall 2010 Portfolio School of Architecture and Planning University at Buffalo, the State University of New York
CONTENTS Project 1 - The Living Wall, “Hoover” analysis of spacial forms
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Project 2 - Esherick House, Louis Kahn form influenced by program
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Project 3 - City of Buffalo, New York organization influenced by program
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Project 4 - Cottbus Technical Library, Herzog & de Meuron form influenced by site
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Project 5a - Analysis of UB Downtown Campus culture’s influence on architecture
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Project 5b - Study of Precedent Libraries Bishan Community Library, LOOK Architects Surry Hills Library, Francis Thorp Project 5c - Medical Library Proposal, University at Buffalo integration of spaces with the environment
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THE LIVING WALL HOOVER ANALYSIS
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SPATIAL FORMS
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ESHERICK HOUSE LOUIS KAHN
Servant (Utilitarian)
SERVANT vs SERVED SPACES
LIGHTING CONDITIONS 6
Circulation
Served (Living)
SYMMETRY AND GEOMETRY
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SPLITTING UP BUFFALO In collaboration with Ramses Gonzalez, I set out to analyze and diagram the city of Buffalo, NY.
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SPLITTING UP THE CITY
W. TUPPER STREET
E. TUPPER STREET W. TUPPER STREET
E. TUPPER STREET
TRACY STREET TRACY STREET
JOHNSON PARK JOHNSON PARK ST. MICHAELS PL
JOHNSON PARK
ST. MICHAELS PL
JOHNSON PARK
E. CHIPPEWA STREET
W. CHIPPEWA STREET
E. CHIPPEWA STREET
W. CHIPPEWA STREET
ET
W. HURON STREET
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SE
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W. MOHAWK STREET
E. MOHAWK STREET W. MOHAWK STREET
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JERGE DR
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JERGE DR BROADWAY STREET
E. MOHAWK STREET
BROADWAY STREET NIAGARA SQUARE
PINE HARBOR WALK
COURT STREET COURT STREET
PINE HARBOR WALK CLINTON STREET
CLINTON STREET
PERKINS DR NI
PERKINS DR
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W. EAGLE STREET
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E. EAGLE STREET W. EAGLE STREET
E. EAGLE STREET
CHURCH STREET CHURCH STREET
ROAD MAP
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BUILDING MAP
OAK STREET
ELLICOTT STREET
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WASHINGTON STREET
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MAIN STREET
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PEARL STREET
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FRANKLIN STREET
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E. HURON STREET
DELAWARE AVE
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S. ELMWOOD AVE
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OAK STREET
ELLICOTT STREET
WASHINGTON STREET
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MAIN STREET
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PEARL STREET
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FRANKLIN STREET
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DELAWARE AVE
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S. ELMWOOD AVE
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E. HURON STREET W. HURON STREET
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BUILDING
HEIGHTS
The idea was to make observations and connections not directly apparent upon first glance of the city.
BUILDING HEIGHTS
Scale TALLEST MEDIUM TALL MEDIUM SHORT SHORTEST
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CITY OF BUFFALO
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AVANT Buffalo’s “premier destination” provides first class amenities in a variety of programs, including: -Residences -Hotel -Offices -Restaraunt
STATLER TOWERS Opened in 1907, the Statler has been primarily a large and luxurious hotel, but also includes the following programatic features: -Multiple ballrooms for private parties -”For Hire” Catering business
MAIN PLACE (LIBERTY COMPLEX) One of the more prominent buildings in the Buffalo skyline, this two city block complex offers plenty of retail space in the towers, however the lower portion of the building is a mini mall and parking garage. The southern tower also provides a hotel.
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BUILDING
CITY OF BUFFALO
PROGRAMS OF BUFFALO
BUILDING PROGRAM HOTELS THEATERS/ENTERTAINMENT RESTARAUNTS/NIGHT CLUBS/LOUNGES TRANSPORTATION EDUCATION BANKS/RETAIL OFFICE RETAIL/REAL ESTATE GOVERNMENT/LAW OFFICES
PROGRAMS
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CITY OF BUFFALO Map of Downtown
Diagram of Downtown
Lines that pull your focus towards City Center Primary Secondary Tertiary
ABSTRACT
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Continuous and Interrupted streets originating
Continuous
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Interrupted Business Government
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Green space
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Niagra Street, a continuous street, mostly zoned for housing. On the southeast side of the City Center, the street ends and is interrupted by governement buildings.
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Delaware Avenue, a continuous street, a generally businees zoned street.
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Genesee Street, a street interrupted by the City Convention Center and a large Hyatt’s hotel. On the southwest side of the city center, the street is interrupted by government buildings Court Street, a street interrupted to create a green space, Lafayette Square, on Maint Street.
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Broadway Street, one of the continued streets from the fork made on Court St.
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Clinton Street, the other continued street from the fork made on Court St.
ORGANIZATION
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COTTBUS TECHNICAL LIBRARY HERZOG & DE MEURON
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AMOEBA SHAPED FORM Analyzing the unique form of a modern library in Germany.
NUCLEUS CENTRAL CORE/INFORMATION CONTRACTILE VACUOLE CIRCULATION FOOD VACUOLE UTILITIES/CIRCULATION CYTOPLASM BOOKS/STUDY AREAS DOUBLE MEMBRANE DOUBLE FACADE
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COTTBUS TECHNICAL LIBRARY
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Interior Glazing
Supporting Structure
Exterior Glazing
DOUBLE GLAZED FACADE 17
ANALYSIS OF DOWNTOWN CAMPUS UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO
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Mighigan Ave.
Ellico
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Main
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North St.
Washin gton S t.
Goodrich St.
k St.
High St. N. Oa
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Carlton St.
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Goodell
St. an Ave .
Elm S t.
k St. N. Oa
Ellico tt St.
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Washin gto
St. Main
Pearl St.
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Mighig
Edwa rd
Virginia St. Bu
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Virginia St.
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Elm S t.
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# OF VOLUMES UB HSL 360,000
STAFF
ROSWELL PARK 140,000
EXPANSION SPACE 200,000
TOTAL 700,000
UB HSL 16
BY THE NUMBERS
ROSWELL PARK 7
GROUP STUDY 400 seats
VOLUMES UB HSL
ROSWELL PARK
COMPUTERS 100 computers
BY THE NUMBERS
EXPANSION SPACE
GROUP STUDY
ROSWELL PARK, 7 200,000 140,000
CUBICLES 250 seats
COMPUTERS
13%
UB HSL, 16
360,000
CUBICLES
54%
33%
PROGRAM (SQUARE FEET) VOLUME STORAGE 70,000
GROUP STUDY 12,000
10 volumes/sq ft
400 seats 30 sq ft/seat
North St.
ADMINISTRATION COMPUTER ACCESS 2,500 1,600 20 librarians 125 sq ft/librarian
100 computers 16 sq ft/computer
PROGRAM (SQ FT)
8%
4%
COMMUNITY 23,750 Entire First Floor 15 ft setback
MEETING ROOMS 10,050
DISPLAYS/MISC 5,000
3 rooms 10% library space 25 seats/room not including community 75 SEATS 10 sq ft/seat 750 sq ft 100 sq ft/podium 3 podiums 300 sq ft
TOTAL 124,900
MIN # FLOORS 6 23,750 sq ft/floor 15 ft set back
VOLUME STORAGE GROUP STUDY ADMINISTRATION
19%
COMPUTER ACCESS 56%
COMMUNITY MEETING ROOMS
1% 2%
DISPLAYS/MISC 10%
VOLUME STORAGE COMMUNITY GROUP STUDY MEETING ROOMS DISPLAYS/MISC ADMINISTRATION COMPUTER ACCESS
The numbers and charts above represent how much space I would have to designate for specific programs in a library for the given site, as diagrammed to the left.
SITE & PROGRAM ANALYSIS
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BISHAN COMMUNITY LIBRARY LOOK ARCHITECTS
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Analyzing two more unique libraries that would influence the design of my own library.
Pods are used as an architectural feature to integrate the structure with the surrounding environment
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SURRY HILLS LIBRARY FRANCIS THORP
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MEDICAL LIBRARY PROPOSAL UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO CHRIS OSTERHOUDT
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Using the Bishan Community Library and the Surry Hills Library as precedents for a library design to be built on the downtown campus of the University at Buffalo, I designed a concept that both integrated the private areas of the book stacks with an expansive community space, as well as the built environment of the library itself with its surrounding natural environment. The prominent curved curtain system on the southern and eastern facades of the library serves as a natural heating and cooling system for the library’s interior. Modular extrusions, or “pods”, on the north and west elevations, as well as on the interior of the library, seemingly “stitch” the building and the exterior environment together.
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HIGH STREET
LIBRARY IN CONTEXT 27
As seen in the Surry Hills Library, a large double-glazed facade encompassing an entire elevation of the building traps air between the two layers of glass. In the winter, the trapped air is heated by the sun, [purified by greenery in the case of the Surry Hills Library], and circulated throughout the building for heat. In the summer, horizontal shudder like devices that span the entire length of the top of the glass atrium prevent sun rays from directly penetrating the glazing, preventing the enclosed air from overheating. The curve is determined by the angle with which the sun rays hit the earth; 70째. By drawing a 70째 line from the bottom of the facade to the apex of the curtain system, the long shudders on top of the atrium serve as an overhang to the entire library, blocking the summer rays from directly penetrating into the structure.
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SUN'S POSITION IN SKY; BUFFALO, NY SUMMER SOLSTICE - JUNE 21, 2010 AZIMUTH Sunrise
SOLAR NOON Sunset
56°
304°
Time
Altitude
1:17 pm
70.6°
WINTER SOLSTICE - DECEMBER 21, 2010 AZIMUTH Sunrise 122°
SOLAR NOON Sunset 238°
Time
Altitude
12:14 pm
23.7°
0°
SUMMER SOLSTICE JUNE 21
SUMMER SOLSTICE
270°
90°
70°
WINTER SOLSTICE DEC 21
60°
50°
40°
30°
20°
10°
180°
SUN PATH - 42° N LATITUDE (BUFFALO, NY) WINTER SOLSTICE
DESIGNING TO THE SUN
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In the Bishan Community Library, large extrusions from the facade serve as occupiable “pods�. The same concept is applied here. When a pod is extruded from the private area of the library, the result is a displaced volume from either the outside or public environments. That displaced volume is brought inside the private space, influencing the placement of the book stacks by creating voids in their placement. These voids can be used for group study areas with the placement of tables and couches in that space. 30
INTEGRATION OF SPACES WITH PODS
OUTSIDE
PRIVATE UP DN
PUBLIC
THIRD FLOOR PLAN
MODULAR
INTEGRATION
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With the development of technology comes the decreasing need for libraries in today’s society. Rather than developing a building solely for the collection of books, I designed a center for the sharing of knowledge in a community environment. The entire first floor does not have a single bookcase on it; rather, it is an open plan in the form of an expansive reading and relaxation lounge. Couches and chairs are dispersed throughout, and a cafe such as Starbucks has a place for business. By creating an openly inviting environment with the entire ground floor, the building’s program becomes more practical outside that of just a library,
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GROUND FLOOR 1/16" = 1'-0"
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COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT
UP DN
THIRD FLOOR 1/16" = 1'-0"
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F D
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UP
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UP DN
DN
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A A F D B
SECOND FLOOR
FOURTH FLOOR
UP
UP DN
DN
THIRD FLOOR
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FIFTH FLOOR
LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
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OPEN
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SPACE
Exterior Roof Garden
Group Study Floor
Solar Panels
SECTION C
Floor Slab cuts slopes with grade
Floor Slab cuts into grade
SECTION E
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Building Height Community Space
Group Study Floor
Long Axis kept level
Solar Panels
Short Axis sloped with the Site
SECTION D
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NOT JUST A
LIBRARY BUT A
COMMUNITY CENTER THAT WORKS WITH
THE ENVIRONMENT
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CREDITS Phil Gusmano (Photo, Page 4) Ramses Gonzalez (Diagrams, Pages 12 &13) Justina Zifchock (3D drainage diagram, Page 18) http://cubeme.com/blog/2008/01/30/bishan-community-library-by-look-architects/ (Images of Bishan Community Library, Pages 20 & 21) http://www.archdaily.com/57339/surry-hills-library-and-community-centre-fjmt/ (Images of Surry Hills Library, Pages 22 & 23)
Front Cover Image: Close up image of library’s curved facade Table of Contents Image: Perspective looking south along east facade of library
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