Winston Yuen Portfolio 2017

WINSTON YUEN Architecture Portfolio UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY + YALE UNIVERSITY

2015-17

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Contents COMPETITION

01 Barn(E): The Electric Barn

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ACADEMIC

02 Bushwick Branch Library

03 Parametric Pluto Wall

04 Architectural Visualization

05 Soma

06 Kaleidoscopic Transformations

07 Synesthetic Symbiosis

08 Formal Analysis

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RESEARCH

09 Oncolytic Virus Treatment for Bone Cancer

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COMPETITION

01 Barn(E) The Electric Barn

Archisaurus S t u d i o s

Arch S

// 2016 URB PRK Competition Winner // Produced with Daniel Szymanski, Cody Jew, Ivan Au // Website: archisaurus.wordpress.com

Barn(E) is the winning design in the 2016 URB PRK design competition sponsored by CafÊ Mosaics in Edmonton, Alberta. It was installed along the parking lanes of Whyte Avenue, East of 109st during the months of July and August 2016. The space was used as a parklet space that also hosted a concert series once a week throughout the summer. The cladding was made of cedar wood stripped from a 90-year-old barn, all donated to Habitat for Humanity ReStore at the end of its lifecycle, creating an entirely sustainable design. The Edmonton Native Plant Group donated and maintained plants for the structure and reclaimed them at the end of the summer. Another feature of the parklet was an electric bike generator made by Jan Przysiezniak from the Edmonton Bicycle Commuter Society. The bike was used to charge the user’s phone, as well as power LED lights that were strung throughout the structure timed to light up for one hour a night.

winston.yuen@yale.edu

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109 st 6

COMPETITION

WHYTE ave

URB PRK Site, Edmonton, AB

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URB PRK Competition

In the spirit of the MoMa PS1 exhibitions held in Long Island, the URB PRK parklet aimed to create an outdoor summer refuge in two parking stalls located in front of Cafe Mosaics in Edmonton. The design was selected based on sustainable and innovative strategies and materials that addressed the following concerns: 1. Seating 2. Shade 3. Relationship to busy street 4. Bicycle Parking 5. Usable space for buskers 6. Pet Friendly Considerations 7. Durability for Public Use 8. Safety and Vandalism 9. Meet Design-Build Budget of $2000

Juror Criteria 25% 25% 25% 25%

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Creative Design Sustainability Usability Affordability

Site Analysis

The URB PRK site is located at the intersection of two of Edmonton’s busiest and most vibrants streets.

With the vibrant surrounding of Whyte Ave, keeping in the collaborative spirit of URB PRK and of Cafe Mosaics, the opportunity to further integrate and promote the near community became the central thesis of the project proposal. That is, to utilize, empower and give back to the local community, local non-profit organizations, and local businesses.

109 st

WHYTE ave

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COMPETITION

1 PM

6 PM

Sun Analysis

August 31

June 1

The parklet would be operating during the months of July and August.

As shading was an important criteria consideration for the competition, sun would play a variable in determining wall heights and orientation. The sun analysis determined that there was significant shading provided from the adjacent tree canopy during noon hours. How ever there was a large gap in exposure from mid afternoon to late evening that needed to be taken in to consideration.

SUN STUDIES

LINO MUSIC NEW & USED

CAFE MOSAICS

FRIENDS & NEGHBOURS CAFE

10848 - 82ND AVENUE

10844 - 82ND AVENUE

10834 - 82ND AVENUE

LONG & MCOUADE MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 10832 - 82ND AVENUE PARKING METER NEWSPAPER BOXES LIGHT STANDARD

SIDEWALK LOADING ZONE SIGN BIKE RACK

WASTE RECEPTACAL

TRUCK ROUTE SIGN PARKING METER BIKE RACK

FIRE HYDRANT

PAVERS

FIRE HYDRANT ZONE

LOADING ZONE

82 AVENUE WESTBOUND DRIVING LANE

DRIVING LANE

MEDIAN

Existing Site Plan

DRIVING LANE

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URB PRK Site, Edmonton, AB

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Design Concept The intent was to establish a parklet that would mitigate sound pollution generated by the busy roadway while increasing the quality of sound of the adjacent café and provide an inclusive busker/seating space. Thus, the form undulates, growing to the busker area and creating a clamshell for better projection of sound into the cafe during Saturday concerts.

The slats are spaced apart, creating a Moiré pattern, allowing for light to pass through and blocking the sound from the streets.

North Elevation

Budget STRUCTURE 2x4 Lumber $350 Screws $100 Barn Wood Donated

South Elevation

TRANSPORTATION U-Haul $300 BIKE GENERATOR Bike Parts Donated Generator Donated Battery $100 Power Inverter $100 LED Lights $100 Labour $150

East Elevation

PLANTERS Plants Donated Soil $75 Total Cost $1225

West Elevation

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Site Plan

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COMPETITION

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Initial Concept for the URB PRK submission

URB PRK Render from Cafe Mosaics

Slat Details

Night Render showing LEDs

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North Elevation

South Elevation

West Elevation

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1. Extrude wall to create barrier

2. R creat

4. Guide views and directionality

5. P seatin

COMMUNITY INTERACTIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

UP

FORM FINDING AND PROGRAMMING

SITE PLAN

East Elevation

Winning Competition Entry

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COMPETITION

BARN(E)

THE ELECTRIC BARN BUDGET STRUCTURE 2x4 Lumber - $350 Screws - $50 Barn wood – Donation TRANSPORTATION FOR STRUCTURE U-Haul - $300 BIKE GENERATOR Bike parts and generator – Donation Battery - $100 Power inverter - $100 Lights - $100 Labor for bike construction - $15/hour x 10 hours = $150 OTHER Grass - $75 TOTAL COST - $1225

Recess wall to te bike parking

CONCEPT Barn (E) is a mixed use installation which incorporates seating, a busker space, shading, bike parking and more.

The angle of the slatted panels control the shelter offered by the structure by regulating the amount of sunlight and wind which is allowed to penetrate through. The slats also provide a second layer of visual interest through the generation of a moiré effect. At night, this pattern is emphasized through the use of lighting elements integrated into the structure of the installation.

in exchange for our assistance to deconstruct the donor’s barn.

One of the main attractions of Barn (E) is a stationary bike powered generator. We envision the generator being used to power lighting and speakers within in the structure.

We were able to contact a member of the Edmonton Bicycle Commuters Society (EBC), who has built multiple bike generators in the past, who has graciously offered to help us.

The generator will be primarily be constructed of reclaimed bicycle parts and other donated components from EBC.

SUSTAINABILITY In addressing sustainability, Barn (E) will primarily be constructed of reclaimed lumber. The structure will be framed with construction grade lumber and the cladding elements will be composed of reclaimed barn wood.

The barn wood has been kindly donated

CONSTRUCTION The majority of the structure is broken down into 5 modules to improve efficiency and ease when transporting the entire structure from the building site to its final destination.

The base of the structure will be composed by 2x6 woods studs set at

12” on center to achieve the required 100 per square foot load. Once on site, the floor plate will be raised using various shim sizes to maintain a clear path for rainwater flow along the street and connecting flush with the adjacent street. The main walls will be constructed using 2x6 studs cut diagonally to generate two pieces. They will then be installed at angulating angles to achieve the desired slope of the slatted walls.

The studs will be set at 18” on centre. Seating will be constructed out of 2x4 studs, complete with bracing to transfer loads down to the floor. Horizontal studs will be set at 18” o.c. The static slats composed of recycled barn wood will be added to the floor area, seating, planter, and the wall behind the designated busker area. These slats will be connected directly to studs behind using deck screws and fastened to the wall 18 o.c. The area of both the bike storage

and bike generator is composed of 2x6 studs cut at a diagonal. These are attached to the floor framing.

The dynamic slats are organized from closed to open position as they move up the wall. The slats are connected at one end directly to the stud wall.

Lateral shims are used to achieve both the desired angle and provide additional lateral support between the wall and wood slats.

DISMANTLEMENT/DISPOSAL We will erect and dismantle the structure ourselves. Habitat for Humanity Edmonton has agreed to take the reclaimed wood and the lumber for resale in their ReStore, a reclaimed material retailer that donates all the proceeds are used to support Habitat for Humanity Edmonton projects. The parts for the bike generator will be either taken by us, or returned to the Edmonton Cycle Community.

3. Create clamshell for busker space Screws

Pull to create ng and planters

6. Articulate

1. Recycled barn wood 2. Donating used barn wood to Habitat for Humanity 3. Native Alberta grass species 4. Bike generator from EBC

CONSTRUCTION LOGIC

Main structure

Slat Slat Angle

2x6 Support Seating Framing

Bike Parking

Slat Assembly Detail

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barn urb prk site, edmonton

build site, androsan

barn site, hay lakes

Hay Lakes Barn

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COMPETITION

Hay Lakes Barn The team came across a decrepid 90-year old barn located 30 minutes south of Edmonton that was slated for demolition. Two of the attractive features of the materiality were that over its life it created a natural patina that accentuated the texture of the wood and the wood was cedar a good material for being left to deal with the elements.

winston.yuen@yale.edu

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90 Year Old Barn Lumber

Pre-Occupancy

Native Alberta Plant Species

Saturday Concert Series

Hand Built Bike Generator

Occupancy

LEDs Powered by Bike Generator

Wood Donated to Habitat

Post-Occupancy

blocking vehicle noise and to create the amphitheatre Design

The deisng concept aimed to maximize for performances. The wooden slats rotate to achieve community involvement in both the process and final built space. Thus, the donation of the barn lumber was the starting point to the design. Monolithically framed triangles undulate to adjust for sightlines, shade,

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COMPETITION

a porosity gradient across the surface. Simultaneously, these allow for the LED lights to spill out of the structure and light up the area. The design opens into the operable spaces of Cafe Mosaics, and can be understood as reaching into the cafe.

North Elevation

South Elevation

Plan

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Bike Generator Jan Przysiezniak of the Edmonton Bicycle Commuters built the bike generator from scrap parts, including an old lawn mower motor, a broken bike frame, scrap metal from a discarded. The battery for the generator was a repurposed car battery with an inverter. The bike generator featured a USB charger for phones, and a fan that would only be powered when the bike was pedaled. Excessive power was stored into the the battery, that powered the structure’s LED lights at night.

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COMPETITION

Circuit Diagram of Bike Generator

Local Plant Species Archisaurus Studios partnered up with Judith Golub, Cherry Dodd and Dennis Lawson from the Edmonton Native Plant Group to bring native plants to Barn(E).

Native plant species are much more resilient to disease, changing weather conditions, and use less water. In addition, plants decrease storm water run-off while providing a pleasant spectacle. These plants included Harebells, meadow blazing-star, smooth fleabane, sage and small-flowered rice grass.

winston.yuen@yale.edu

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Exploded Axon of the Parklet Build Logic

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COMPETITION

Build System

Built off-site, the parklet required an extremely rigorous and documented build system that could be rapidly transported and erected. All wood cladding was labeled, and framing was disassembled as to separate into five pieces and able to be slotted into a transport truck.

Detail and Photograph of South Facing Louvres

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build site, androsan

Transportation and Set Up Part of the foresight in the project was the realization that the parklet would need to be built offsite and assembled in one day. After the design was finalized the structure was subdivided into five modular units connected using anchor bolts and reinforced by the walls. The walls themselves were modular triangular units that fit together when assembled on site.

This was then rebuilt within two days.

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COMPETITION

urb park site, edmonton

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Ribbon Cutting Ceremony with Ward 8 Councillor Ben Henderson

Opening Day The grand unveiling of Barn(E) occured July 3, opening to the public. Ward 8 Councillor Ben Henderson, was in attendance for the ribbon cutting ceremony, which was followed by performances from Toy Gun Dance Theatre and Don’t Eat the DJ.

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COMPETITION

Improv Dance Performance

by Toy Gun Dance Theatre

Don’t Eat the DJ Performance

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Saturday Concert Series

A weekly concert series featuring a series of young local upcoming artists was organized by Welcome to the West and performed at the URB PRK parklet. Each week, a new art piece would also be created for the concert series by Haylee Fortin.

Posters and Promotional Material for the URB PRK Electric Barn Saturday Concert Series by Khuyen Khuong

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COMPETITION

Detail and Photograph of South Facing Louvres Accompanying Artwork by Haylee Fortin winston.yuen@yale.edu

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Life of a Parklet

After the parklet was built, it took on a life of it’s own. People began using the park in ways that were both designed for, and unanticipated in the summer months. The most suprising event was an impomptu video game night where park-goers brought their own screen and gaming system.

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COMPETITION

Death of a Parklet

As important as the conception, design and construction was to the team, the end-cycle was equally important. Anchisaurus partnered with Habitat for Humanity, specifically their ReStore department which offered to take all the wood from the project after the tare down date.

ReStore would then either use the would in for various other project or resell the reclaimed wood to generate capital for their cause.

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COMPETITION

Frame generation

Barn(E) LEDs turn on from 10-12pm, powered by the collective pedaling from the bike generator

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Site Plan

Bushwick Branch Library // Fall 2016 Studio I, Yale University // Studio Critic: Michael Szivos // Project Selected for Publication in Retrospecta 40 A Library Serviced by Robots and Drones

How can drones, robots and machine learning change how we understand and use libraries? In a world where browsing books are often experienced through computers, the possibility of rapid drone delivery reconnects the library to the neighborhood and questions the notion that libraries are mere storage buildings for books. This project then rethinks the way in which libraries can be used. Robots can rapidly rearrange books, and provide suggestions based on user profiles, and even anticipate books that these users might browse before they enter the library. Thus, a more efficient library system is achieved.

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ACADEMIC

02

Drone Book Delivery

Robotic Sorting

RFID Tagged Books winston.yuen@yale.edu

Machine Learning (475) 449-0082

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Reimagining the Library Contrasting with the traditional hub and spoke model of transporting goods where few main hubs can service remaining locations, cheap and numerous delivery methods brought about by the drone can now implement the point-to-point transport model. Thus, books can be transported from any one library that contains the desired book and deliver straight to the Bushwick Branch Library.

Map of All Branch Libraries in the New York Buroughs and Drone Flights to the Bushwick Branch Library

With the advent of machine learning and predictive algorithms based on a user’s previous browsing history, it may even be possible to predict the library needs of a user before they enter the library.

Thus, drones can pre-emptively deliver books to the library. These books then get rearranged by robots in the general vicinity of a user.

Floor Plates and Structural Library Stacks

Robot Rails + Drone Vestibule

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ACADEMIC

Structural Space Frame

Shelving

Staircases Transversing Floors

View Through the Library Drone Tower winston.yuen@yale.edu

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Ground Floor

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ACADEMIC

1 - Lobby 2 - Circulation Desk 3 - Library Stacks 4 - Tiered Seating 5 - Performance Area 6 - Digital Media Lab 7 - Cafe 8 - Meeting Rooms 9 - Washrooms 10 - Elevators

North Section

Elevation of East Facade winston.yuen@yale.edu

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ACADEMIC

Site Section winston.yuen@yale.edu

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Parametric Pluto Wall // 2016 Graphics II, University of Calgary // Featured in Inverse Magazine: https://tinyurl.com/j5rcsry // Produced with Ten Students // Critics: Jody James, Matthew Knapik //Role: Project Manager, Scriptor, Fabricator

Design Brief

Given an image of the surface of Pluto, the idea was to use parametric software tools of Grasshopper to digitally extract image data and fabricate a 8’ by 4’ wall panel using the logics of the image. When combined with the panels of neighboring wall panels, the image of the Pluto sunset should appear from the collective, yet disparate image extractions of all 5 teams.

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ACADEMIC

Method

Point data was extracted from the image based on pixel differentiation and brightness. The Delaunay algorithm was used to generate triangulation from point data, which were then scaled and filleted. The final form was cut out of plywood on an industrial laser cutter. Finally sheets of PET-G plastic were melted through the frames and later mounted to the frames.

Frame Generation

Frame and Light

Point Cloud Based on Image of Pluto

Delaunay Triangulation

Fillet

Scale

Construction Logic screws

painted polyplastic and vacuum-formed 1/2� plywood 1/4� plywood assembled module structural strapping full frame

mdf board steel brackets 2x4 wooden rail steel angle

Laser Cut Frames

Melting PET-G

Assembly winston.yuen@yale.edu

Final Product (475) 449-0082

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Bubble Detail

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ACADEMIC

Full Wall Installation

Grasshopper Script

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Yale Art Gallery Stairs Pencil on Paper 48” x 72”

Architectural Visualization // 2016 Visualization I and Visualization II, Yale University // Yale Art Gallery Stairs and Study in Color selected for publication in Retrospecta 40 // Critics: Trattie Davies, Miroslava Brooks, Kent Bloomer, Sunil Bald 44

ACADEMIC

Branford and John Edwards Library Walk Pencil on Paper 36” x 48”

IPMS Charcoal on Paper 16” x 24”

winston.yuen@yale.edu

Study in Colour Digital Media 16” x 24”

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ACADEMIC

SOMA // Winter 2016 Studio II, University of Calgary // Studio Critic: Josh Taron

A Future of Designed Humans Genetic technologies have come a long way since their study in the 1950s.

From the extremely rapid replication of DNA in polymerase chain reaction, to sequencing the human genome, the key to unlocking our own bodies has been found. CRISPR can now be used to create extremely refined and controlled genetic modifications in somatic cells. Success has been widespread to the point where breast cancers, cystic fibrosis and muscular dystrophies have been completely eliminated. With the mass eradication of diseases, genetic modification has found new purpose in personal enhancements: improving the way we look, the way we feel, and the way we think. This is projected to be a multi-billion dollar industry in the next five years and demands far exceed supplies. Until now, no adequate facilities have been built to accommodate this rapidly growing need. This is where SOMA comes in. Roche Pharmaceuticals has a proven track record for getting these deals done. We have created a project and a process that will cater to this growing population of designer people, whilst simultaneously attracting new business.

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Site Redistricting With the great floods of 2053 and the total destruction of the Inglewood neighbourhood, water engineers devised a series of new locks to prevent future floods.

These involved the creation of a series of gouges into the river bed and the creation of several new islands.

Roche’s will build on one of these islands, a completely new greenfield site.

District Extents

Lock Detail

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ACADEMIC

Roche Headquarters

District Site Model

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Bow River

North Island

Outdoor Park

South Island

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ACADEMIC

North Island Access

Public Plaza South Island Access

Bow River

Site Map winston.yuen@yale.edu

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Recovery (Residential) Spa

Admission Pharmacy/ Retail

Surgery

Pharmacy/ Retail Shipping and Receiving

Inner Public Realm

Restaurant Pharmacy

Outdoor Park

Surgery Spa

Public Square

Residential Inner Public Realm

North Island Access

Underground Hub

South Island Access

Ticket Gate

NORTH ISLAND ACCESS

Ticket Gate

Outdoor Park West Calgary Access

Subway Station

East Calgary Access

Abstracted Flow Diagram

Site and Building Circulation By exploiting the aspects of the site, the building can be seen as an assembly line, optimizing the inputs, recovery times and exit times, thus creating loops. Additional programing will help to facilitate the process. To maximize advertising on latent populations, SOMA is situated on a sole transportation hub that has direct access to 4 Bow River Islands. Thus, these populations must pass through the building to reach common amenities, and to access other islands.

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ACADEMIC

Surgery Spa Residential Admission Inner Public Realm NORTH/SOUTH Outdoor Park ISLAND ACCESS Ticket Gate SUBWAY TO WEST CALGARY

ISLAND ACCESS

SUBWAY TO EAST CALGARY Public Square Retail II Retail I Underground Hub Subway

SUBWAY TO WEST CALGARY

SOUTH ISLAND ACCESS

Restaurant Pharmacy Retail II Retail I Public Square

ISLAND ACCESS

Underground Hub

SUBWAY TO EAST CALGARY

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Subway

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Level 1 Formal Logic Form is created by the aggregation and subtraction of spheroid forms. A derivative system is employed that subtracts one primitive from another, the difference of which will determine the directional flow of the system.

Level 2

South Site Section

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ACADEMIC

Level 3

East Section

LEVEL 6 LEVEL 5 LEVEL 4 LEVEL 3 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 1 Subway

Level 4

South Elevation

LEVEL 6 LEVEL 5 LEVEL 4 LEVEL 3 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 1 Subway

Level 6

North Elevation

LEVEL 6 LEVEL 5 LEVEL 4 LEVEL 3 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 1 Subway

East Elevation

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Section Looking into Spa and Atrium

Exterior View of Residential Recovery Units

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ACADEMIC

Underground Subway Station

View of Public Plaza

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ACADEMIC

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Kaleidoscopic Transformation // Fall 2016 Graphics I, University of Calgary // Critics: Marc Boutin, Jason Johnson

Extracted House Chunk

Polar Array About Origin

Adjust Array Radius

Copy and Serially Adjust

Rotate Whole About the Origin

Design Brief A portion of UN Studio’s Mobius House was taken and digtally manipulated to create a new form.

Design Brief

Grasshopper Script

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ACADEMIC

Euclidean transformations and array functions were put into an algorithmic sequence and numeric queries were set for each parameter. Multiple permutations were produced. Finally, the form was amalgamated to form a model for 3d printing.

Side Elevation

Front Elevation

3D Printed Model

Grasshopper Iterations

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ACADEMIC

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“The Magpie has a sparse round grey shape to it” --Synesthete

Interpretation of the Magpie’s Call

Synesthetic Symbiosis // Fall 2015, Studio I, University of Calgary // Studio Critic: Jason Johnson

Design Brief This house explored the design of a space of habitation for both human and animal species. The client is a world renowned violinist and experiences a condition known as synesthesia. Synesthesia is a neurological anomaly where the senses are mixed, and stimulation of one sence can trigger another. In this case, the client is able to ‘see’ sound in colours. Since she was small, the snesthete was obsessed with the sounds of the blackbilled magpie, a bird species native to Alberta. She described the sound as having a “sparse round grey shape to it”.

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Railway

N

Desirable Bird Song Traffic

Filtering out undesirable sound and isolating desirable sound

Process

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Deflect Bad Noise

Lower to Funnel Desirable Sound

Create Interstitial Audio Space

Create Magpie Tunnel Through House

Cut Out Tunnel

Articulate

ACADEMIC

The site is situated in a semi-urban area, with a major freeway, urban park and railway located adjacent to the site. These wproduce undesirable point source noise for the client’s synesthesia. With Magpies prefering open fields and tall trees, the strategy was to shape the house from external pressures to deflect noise and isolate sounds from the park where the magpies reside. Further to this, spaces for the birds were subtracted from the house massing, creating spaces of interaction.

Form Generation and Articulation Like catching lightning in a bottle, the design of the house aims to capture the sparsity and shape of the synesthetic experience, turning the house into a “synesthetic landscape� for the other building occupants to experience. Various techniques were used including lofting the profiles of magpie soundwaves and further articulating with grasshopper. Ultimately, T-splines were used in conjunction with grasshopper algorithms to articulate surfaces. The select results of these experimentations are shown on the right.

Material/ Tectonics Order To further emphasize the effect of sparsity, surfaces were fenestrated to allow light penetration. Glossy materials were chosen for the interior to reflect sound and produce echos.

Interior View of Kitchen and Stairs winston.yuen@yale.edu

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N 11 12

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Site Plan

North Elevation

West Elevation

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ACADEMIC

3

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1 - Garage 2 - Storage 3 - Washroom 4 - Kitchen 5 - Foyer 6 - Living Space 7 - Dining Space

8 - Courtyard 9 - Study 10- Bedroom 11- Master Suite 12- Magpie Viewing Tube

South Elevation

East Elevation

Perspectival Section Depicting the Magpie Tunnel

2nd Floor Hallway with Views of Bedrooms and Courtyard/Auditory Experience Area winston.yuen@yale.edu

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Formal Analysis Professor Peter Eisenman

// Fall 2016 Formal Analysis, Yale University // Instructors: Peter Eisenman, Elisa Iturbe // Teaching Assistant: Wes Hiatt

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ACADEMIC

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Santa Maria in Montesanto, Carlo Rinaldi and Santa Maria dei Miracoli, Gian Lorenzo Bernini Scenographically, the twin churches of the Piazza del Popolo appear exactly the same. However, upon examining the plans, the Santa Maria dei Miracoli is elongated, with an dome. Furthermore, the composition of these two churches is much more than a simple elongation of one to generate the forms of the other. What is striking is that Bernini’s Santa Maria in Montesanto is intended to act in a Greek-cross plan, whereas the simple elongation in Rinaldi’s Santa Maria dei Miracoli creates a basilica plan. Thus, subtle details are revealed in the interiors of the churches that give rise to these observations. Double columns frame only one axis in the Santa Maria dei Miracoli, whereas double columns frame an additional cross-axis in Bernini’s church. This second axis is further reinforced by pedimenting the frieze.

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Santa Maria della Pace, Donata Bramante and Palazzo Ducale, Luciano Laurana The critical difference between S. Maria della Pace and the Palazzo Ducale lies in the organizational grid, which manifests most clearly in the corners.

By aligning the centers of the piers in S. Maria della Pace, and the columns at the Palazzo Ducale cloisters, we can see that the corner the grid intersection lies directly on the corner of S. Maria della Pace. This resolves in the corner by clashing the intended rhythm of the piers, meeting to necessitate vestigial parts by intersecting the ionic pilasters and the pedestals. Conversely, the grid is offset at the corners at Urbino such to necessitates an invented resolution— that is, the half columns (engaged) and the sistering of two pilasters that kiss at the capital.

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ACADEMIC

Nolli Map, Giambattista Nolli and Campo Marzio, Giovanni Battista Piranesi Where Nolli scientifically creates a map of figure and ground, Piranesi’s plans for the Campo Marzio excavates and invents a fanciful and provacative recreation of Rome.

This is not to say that Piranesi had no method.

By excavating the modern obelisks of Rome in the Campo Marzio, we can see that preexisting axes were used as the organizational principles that have other buildings proliferate from. Though compositionally, the Nolli Map and Piranesi’s Campo Marzio are very different, their understandings of the city are the same. That is that, axes will act as organizationl factors that frame blocks of space, which can be excavated in their own right, creating an architectural poche at the scale of the city.

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BHSc Honours Thesis // 2014-2015 MDSC 508, University of Calgary // Project Advisors: Dr. Don Morris, Dr. Chandini Thirukkumaran

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Multiple Myeloma Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of lymphocytes, the main cells of the immune systems. With the lymphocytes growing inside of bone marrow, these cancerous cells eventually degrade the bones of MM patients. As such, patients experience a loss of bone mass, which can result in weaker bones, a weaker immune system, and anemia.

With MM affecting over 70000 people in North America, the incidence has risen over the past fifty years.

Treatments usually involve autologous stem cell transplants in conjunction with high-dose chemotherapy, with several new drugs developed over the past 10 years. These drugs have increased the median survival of MM from 3-5 years to 8-10 years. However, MM is incurable and all patients still succumb to their disease. As such, new treatment options are needed.

The Promise of Oncolytic Reovirus With the discovery of the cancer-fighting properties of Reovirus (RV) in 1999, they have become a biological alternative to pharmaceutical therapies. RV offers the advantage of killing cancer cells while sparing noncancerous cells. Additionally, the virus is able to self-propogate, further helping to kill cancerous cells.They have been studied and found to be non-toxic in clinical studies. However, with research with RV on MM, it has been found that cancerous cells develop resistance to RV therapy over time.

Honours Thesis My honours thesis looked at combining the effects of existing pharmaceutical treatments of MM with RV in order to assess their effects on klling resistant cancer cells. This drug was Sunitinib, a immunomodulator that was found to increase survival in MM patients. The studied showed promise in using this RV and Sunitinib combination for the treatment of MM in the future.

3D Model of Reovirus Healthy Bones

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RESEARCH

Bone Lesions indicated by Arrows

UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY

Investigating the Administration of Sunitinib with Oncolytic Reovirus as a Novel Treatment Strategy for Multiple Myeloma

By

Winston Gee Kong Yuen

A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE CUMMING SCHOOL OF MEDICINE IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF HEALTH SCIENCES HONOURS Bachelor of Health Sciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary, AB © Winston Gee Kong Yuen 2015

Embeded Link: https://issuu.com/dystotech/docs/yuen_winston_honours_thesis

winston.yuen@yale.edu

(475) 449-0082

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