ȼɚɫɿɥɶ Ȼɵɤɚʆ
Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠ
ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɍȾɄ ȻȻɄ Ȼɟɢ
Ȼ
Ȼɿɛɥ ɿɹɬɷɱɤɚ ɱɚɫɨɩɿ ɫɭ Ⱦɡɟ ɹɫɥɨʆ ± ȼɵɩɭɫ ɤ Ɂɚɫɧɚɜɚɧɚɹ ʆ ɝɨɞɡɟ
Ɋɷɞɚɤɰɵɹ ɱɚɫɨɩɿɫɭ Ⱦɡɟɹɫɥ ɨʆ ɲɱɵɪɚ ʆɞ ɡɹɱɧɚɹ ɫɩ Ⱥɥ ɟ ɫɸ ɍɫɟɧɸ ɡɚ ʆɞɡɟɥ ɭ ɜ ɵɞɚɧ ɶɧɿ ɝɷɬɚɟ ɤɧɿɝɿ
Ȼɵɤɚ ʆ ȼ Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠ Ⱥɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ Ȼɿɛɥɿɹɬɷɱɤɚ Ⱦɡɟɹɫɥɨɜɚ ± ȼɵɩ Ȼ ȼɚɫɿɥɶ Ȼɵɤɚʆ ± Ɇɧ ȼɵɞ ȼ ɏɭ ɪɫɿɤ ± ɫ ISBN 985- 6576-79-2 ISBN 985- 6718-65-1
Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠ
ȼɵ ɩ ȼɟ ɪɲQ LFN Ⱥɧ ɚɬɨ ɥɶ ȱ ɜɚɲ ɱɚɧɤɚ ± Ɇɧ Ȼɟɥɥɿ ɬ ɮɨɧɞ ± ɫ ɚɫ
Ⱥɩ ɨɜɟ ɫɶ ɰɶ
ɍ ɧɨɜɭ ɸ ɤɧɿɝɭ ɤ ɥɚɫɿɤɚ ɛ ɟɥɚɪ ɭ ɫɤɚ ɣ ɥɿɬɚɪɚ ɬɭ ɪɵ ȼɚɫ ɿɥɹ Ȼɵɤɚɜ ɚ ʆ ɜɚɣɲɥɿ ɬɜɨ ɪɵ ɧɟ ɜɹɞ ɨɦɵɹ ɛ ɟɥɚ ɪɭ ɫɤ ɚɦɭ ɱɵɬɚɱ ɭ Ⱥɩɨɜɟ ɫɶɰɶ Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɛɵɥ ɚ ɚɩɭ ɛɥɿɤɚ ɜɚɧɚɹ ʆ ɱ ɚɫɨɩɿɫɟ Ⱦɡɟɹ ɫɥɨʆ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆ ɝɨɞɡɟ ɚ ɚ ɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ Ⱥ ɩɨɲɧɿ ɛɚɟɰ ɞɪɭ ɤɚ ɜɚɥɚ ɫɹ ʆ ɝɚɡɟɰɟ ɑɵɪɜɨ ɧɚɹ ɡɦɟ ɧɚ ʆ ɝɨɞɡɟ ɿ ɩɚɫɶɥ ɹ ɧɟ ʆɤɥɸ ɱɚɥɚɫɹ ɚ ʆɬɚɪɚɦ ɭ ɧɿɜɨɞɡɿɧ ɫɜɨɣ ɡ ɛɨɪɧɿɤ Ⱥɛɨɞɜɚ ɬ ɜɨɪɵ ɹɞɧɚɟ ɬɨ ɟ ɲɬɨ ɞɡɟɹɧɶɧɟ ʆ ɿɯ ɚɞɛɵɜɚɟ ɰɰɚ ɧɚɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ȼɹɥɿɤɚɣ Ⱥɣɱɵɧɧɚɣ ɜ ɚɣɧɵ .
ɍȾɄ Ȼɵɤɚʆ ȻȻɄ Ȼɟ ɢ
ISBN 985- 6576-79-2 ISBN 985- 6718-65-1 2
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¤ Ⱦɡɟɹɫɥɨʆ ¤ ȼɚɫɿɥɶ Ȼɵɤɚʆ ¤ Ƚɟɧɚɞɡɶ Ɇɚɰɭɪ ɦɚɫɬɚɰɤɚɟ ɚɮɚɪɦɥɟɧɶɧɟ ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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Ȼɵɤɚʆɫɤɿ ɤɚʆɱɷɝ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɧɵɯ ɩɿɫɶɦɟɧɶɧɿɤɚʆ ɡɚɫɬɚɸɰɰɚ ɩɪɵɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɜɵɹ ɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɰɵɿ ɿ ɥɚɛɿɪɵɧɬɵ ɚɪɯɿɜɚʆ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɯ ± ɩɪɵ ɠɵɰɶɰɺɜɵɹ ɚɪɯɿɜɵ ɉɪɚ ɿɯ ± ɫɜɚɟ ɚɪɯɿɜɵ ± ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɞɛɚʆ ȼɚɫɿɥɶ Ȼɵɤɚʆ ȱ ɯɚɪɚɤ ɬɚɪ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɛɵʆ ɧɟ ©ɡɚɛɪɚɧɡɚɜɟɥɵª ɿ ɱɚɫ ɧɹ ɧɚɞɬɚ ɫɩɪɵɹʆ ɞɚɜɟɪ ɥɿɜɚɫɶɰɿ Ⱥ ɬɚɦɭ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ Ȼɵɤɚɜɚ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɪɚɡɶɥɿɧɟɟɧɵɯ ɜɨ ɩɿɫɚʆ ɪɭɤɚɩɿɫɚʆ ɩɪɚɧɭɦɚɪɚɜɚɧɵɯ ɿ ɯɪɚɧɚɥɚɝɿɱɧɚ ɪɚɫɤɥɚɞɡɟɧɵɯ ɩɚɩɚɤ ɚ ɫɚɦɚɟ ɩɚɬɚɟɦɧɚɟ ɞɚɜɹɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɩɚɞɚɪɨɠɧɿɰɵ ɠɨɧɰɵ ȱɪɵɧɟ Ɇɿɯɚɣɥɚʆɧɟ ɧɹɦɧɨɝɿɦ ɫɹɛɪɚɦ ɰɿ ɚɝɧɸ ɠɞɚɧɨɜɿɰɤɚɝɚ ɤɚ ɦɿɧɭ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ Ȼɵɤɚɜɚ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɹɝɨɧɚɹ ɩɪɚʆɞɚ ɹɝɨɧɚɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɵ ɛɨɥɶ ɹɝɨɧɵɹ ɤɧɿɝɿ ɿ« ɧɟɚɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɜɚɧɵɹ ɪɭɤɚɩɿɫɵ ɍ ɝɿɫɬɨ ɪɵɿ ɛɟɥɚɪɭɫɤɚɣ ɥɿɬɚɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɡɞɚɪɚɟɰɰɚ ɰɿ ɧɟ ʆɩɟɪɲɵɧɸ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɚɞɵɯɨɞɭ ɬɜɨɪɰɵ ʆ ɿɧɲɵ ɫɶɜɟɬ ɱɚɰɶɜɺɪɬɵ ɝɨɞ ɞɪɭɤɭɸɰ ɰɚ ɹɝɨɧɵɹ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɵɹ ɱɵɬɚɱɚɦ ɿ ɞɚɫɶɥɟɞɱɵɤɚɦ ɬɷɤɫɬɵ ɚɩɚɜɹ ɞɚɧɶɧɿ ɩɪɵɩɚɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɡɚɩɿɫɵ ɧɚɤɿɞɵ ɭɫɩɚɦɿɧɵ ɝɭɬɚɪɤɿ ɚɩɨ ɜɟɫɶɰɿ Ɍɨɥɶɤɿ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɧɵɹ ɦɨɝɭɰɶ ©ɡɚɛɵɰɰɚª ɧɚ ɰɷɥɵ ɡɛɨɪɧɿɤ ɚɩɚ ɜɹɞɚɧɶɧɹʆ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɹ ± ɚɞɤɥɚɫɶɰɿ ʆ ɚɪɯɿʆ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ɿ ɞɨʆɝɿɯ ɲɚɫɧɚɰɰɚɰɶ ɝɚɞɨʆ ɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɹɤ ɹɟ ɩɚɥɟɩɲɵɰɶ Ȼɵɤɚʆɫɤɿ ɚɪɯɿʆ ɡɚɯɚɜɚʆ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɭɸ ɿ ɧɟɚɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɜɚɧɭɸ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ©Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠª ɚɦɚɥɶ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɧɭɸ ʆ ɝɨɞɡɟ ɿ ɧɹ ɫɤɨɧɱɚɧɭɸ ɞɚ ɚɩɨɲɧɹɝɚ ɝɚ Ɂɚɫɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɨɧɚɤ ɦɚɲɵɧɚɩɿɫɭ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɫɬɚɪɨɧɚɤ ɪɭɤɚɩɿɫɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɜɚɤ ɧɚɤɿɞɵ ɩɥɚɧɵ ʆ ɚɫɨɛɧɵɦ ɛɥɚɤɧɨɰɟ ɿ« ɚʆ ɬɚɪɫɤɚɹ ɤɚɪɬɚ ɧɚ ɹɤɨɣ ɚɞɛɵɜɚɸɰɰɚ ɩɚɞɡɟɿ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɜɺɫɤɚ ɯɚɬɤ ɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿ ɦɤɿ ɲɚɲ ɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɭɡɝɨɪɤɚɦ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɬɚɹ ɝɚɪɦɚɬɚ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ Ɇɚɲɵɧɚɩɿɫ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɦɹɪɤɭɸɱɵ ɩɚ ɚʆɬɚɪɫɤɿɯ ɩɪɚʆɤɚɯ ȼɚɫɿɥɶ Ȼɵɤɚʆ ɩɟɪɚɱɵɬɜɚʆ ɧɹ ɦɟɧɲ ɡɚ ɬɪɵ ɪɚɡɵ ɩɪɚ ɬɨɟ ɫɶɜɟɞɱɚɰɶ ɞɜɚ ɫɬɪɵɠɧɿ ɪɨɡɧɵɯ ɤɨɥɟɪɚʆ ɿ ɩɪɨɫɬɵ ɚɥɨɜɚɤ ɍ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɡ ɥɿɫɬɨʆ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɫɹɛɪɚ ɬɚɥɟɧɚɜɿɬɚɝɚ ɤɪɵɬɵɤɚ ȱɝɚɪɚ Ⱦɡɹɞɤɨɜɚ ɫɶɧɟɠɧɹ ɝ Ȼɵɤɚʆ ɩɪɵɡɧɚʆɫɹ ɩɪɚ ɧɹɥɺɝɤɿɹ 4
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɩɟɪɵɩɟɬɵɿ ɩɚɞɱɚɫ ɹɤɿɯ ɩɿɫɚʆɫɹ ©Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠª ©ȼɵɠɵʆɲɵ Ⱥɞɚ ɦɨɜɿɱɚ ɛɹɪɭɰɰɚ ɡɚ Ʉɚɜɚɥɟɧɤɭ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɿɟɜɿɱ ɰɿɯɚ ɚɛɤɥɚɞɜɚɸɰɶ Ȼɵɤɚɜɚ ± ɤɚɛ ɥɟɩɲ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɡɹɰɶ Ʌɿɱɵɰɰɚ ɲɬɨ ɪɷɠɵɫɺɪ ɭɫɹɝɨ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɉɚʆɥɚʆ ɡɚɝɚɞɱɵɤ ɚɞɞɡ ɟɥɭ ɩɪɚɩɚɝɚɧɞɵ ɿ ɚɝɿɬɚɰɵɿ ɐɄ ɄɉȻ ± Ɋɷɞ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɧɚɤɿɪɨʆɜɚɟ ɋɹʆɪɭɤ ɧɚɦɟɫɶɧɿɤ ɡɚɝɚɞɱɵɤɚ ɚɞɞɡɟɥɭ ɩɪɚɩɚɝɚɧɞɵ ɐɄ Ʉɉɋɋ ± Ɋɷɞ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɹɧɵ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɍ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɝɿɫɬɨɪɵɿ ɩɚɤɚɡɚɥɿ ɫɜɚɸ ɞɜɚɣɧɭɸ ɞɭɲɭ ɧɟɤɚɬɨ ɪɵɹ ɧɚɲɵɹ ɚɝɭɥɶɧɵɹ ɡɧɚɺɦɵɹ« «! Ⱥ ɧɚɨɝɭɥ ɩɪɚɰɭɟɰɰɚ ɤɟɩɫ ɤɚ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɿ ɤɿɧɭʆ ɧɨɜɭɸ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ± ɧɟ ɡɚɞɚɜɚɥɶɧɹɟª ©Ɂɧɚɦɹª ʋ ɫ Ɍɚɤ ɜɵɤɚɡɜɚʆɫɹ ȼɚɫɿɥɶ Ȼɵɤɚʆ ɩɪɚ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ©Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠª Ⱥ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɩɪɚ ɹɟ ± ɞɚ ɚɩɨɲɧɹɝɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɞɧɹ ɭ ɧɚɬɚɬɧɿɤɭ ɤɭɞɵ ʆɩɿɫɜɚ ɥɿɫɹ ɞɚɞɚɬɤɿ ɞɚ ©Ⱦɨʆɝɚɣ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɞɚɞɨɦɭª ɚɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɜɚɧɵɹ ʆ ʋ ɱɚɫɨɩɿɫɭ ©Ⱦɡɟɹɫɥɨʆª ɧɚ ɚɫɨɛɧɚɣ ɫɬɚɪɨɧɰɵ ɱɨɪɧɵɦ ɤɚɩɿɥɹɪ ɧɵɦ ɫɬɪɵɠɧɟɦ ɪɭɤɨɸ Ȼɵɤɚɜɚ ɡɚɩɿɫɚɧɚ ɧɚɝɚɞɚɧɚ ± ɹɤ ɩɚɡɧɚɱɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɫɬɚɜɵɦ ɫɥɭɩɟ ɬɜɨɪɱɵɯ ɞɚɪɨɝ ©Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ª« Ⱥɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ©Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠª ɹɤɚɹ ɞɭɦɚɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɩɿɫɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ©Ʉɚɪ¶ɟɪɭª ɩɟɪɚɞ ©Ⱥɛɥɚɜɚɣª ± ɚɛɜɨɫɬɪɚɧɚ ɛɵɤɚʆɫɤɚɹ ɬɵɩɨɜɚ ɛɵɤɚʆɫɤɚɹ əɤ ɬɵɩɨɜɚɹ ɞɥɹ Ȼɟɥɚɪɭɫɿ ɜɵɦɚɥɹɜɚɧɚɹ ʆ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɩɚɧɿɲɱɚɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɥɿɧɿɡɦɚɦ ɿ ɧɚɰɵɡɦɚɦ ɜɺɫɚɱɤɚ Ʌɸɛɚɲɵ ɪɨɞɧɚɣ Ȼɵɤɚɜɭ ɉɨɥɚɱɱɵɧɵ ɹɤ ɫɿɦɜɚɥɿɱɧɵ ɿ ɜɨɛɪɚɡ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɵ Ɍɚɪɚ ɫɟɜɿɱ ©ɰɺɦɧɚɣª ɤɚɥɝɚɫɶɧɿɰɵ ɹɤɚɹ ʆ ɝɨɞ ɦɚɝɥɚ ©ɜɵɝɧɚɰɶª ɩɹɰɶ ɫɨɬ ɞɜɚɰɰɚɰɶ ɩɪɚɰɚɞɡɺɧ ɿ ɧɹ ɦɟɰɶ ɧɚɪɚɤɚɧɶɧɹʆ ɡɚ ɡɶɧɿɲɱɚɧɚɝɚ ɚɞɡɿɧɚɝɚ ɛɪɚɬɚ ± ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɤɚ ɿ ©ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɧɚɪɨɞɭª ɑɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɭ ©ɧɟ ɱɭɜɚɧɵɦ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɧɵɦª ȼ Ȼɵɤɚʆ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɲɱɵ ± ɜɨɫɶ ɚɫɧɨʆ ɧɵ ɥɟɣɬɦɚɬɵʆ ©Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠɭª ȱ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɹ ɝɟɪɚɿɧɹ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɿ ɫɶɥɹɩɵ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɪɚɧɟɧɶɧɹ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɿ ɞɷɡɟɪɰɿɪ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɿ ©ɿɞɷɣɧɵª ɛɚɥɶɲɚɜɿɤ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɿ ɡɜɚɪ¶ɹɰɟɥɵ ɝɚɛɪɷɣ ɇɨɯɟɦ ɿ ɫɵɧ ɪɚɫɤɭɥɚɱɚɧɚɝɚ ©ɛɥɵɬɚɧɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤª ɚɧɬɵɫɟɦɿɬ Ʉɚ ɱɚɧ ɿ ɡɥɵɞɧɿ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɿ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɿ ± ɩɚɫɬɚʆɥɟɧɵɹ ʆ ɬɚɤɿɹ ɥɺɫɚɜɵɹ ɜɵɩɪɚɛɚɜɚɧɶɧɿ ɞɡɟ ɩɚɦɿɠ ɛɟɥɵɦ ɿ ɱɨɪɧɵɦ ɧɹɦɚ ɦɹɠɵ« ɋɸɪɪɷɚɥɿɫɬɵ ɱɧɚɹ ɤɚɥɿɡɿɹ ɞɥ ɹ ɛɭɞɡɺɧɧɚɝɚ ɠ ɵɰɶɰɹ ɿ ɛɭɞɡɺɧɧɚɹ ɞɥɹ ɜɚɟɧɧɚɝɚ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɟ ʆ ɰɟɫɧɵɦ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ʆɫɿɯ ɝɟɪɨɹʆ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɍɫɟ ɱɚɤɚɸɰɶ ɩɚɪɚɬɭɧɤɭ ɚ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɩɟɪɚɬɜɚɪɚɟɰɰɚ ʆ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɱɵɧ ɤɚʆɱɷɝ ɋɚɦɚ ɠ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɞɥɹ ȼɚɫɿɥɹ Ȼɵɤɚ ɜɚ ɞɭɦɚɟɰɰɚ ɫɜɨɟɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɵɦ ©ɬɜɨɪɱɵɦ ɩɚɥɿɝɨɧɚɦª Ɍɭɬ ɜɵɩɪɚ ɛɨʆɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɨɜɵɹ ɿɞɷɣɧɚ ɬɷɦɚɬɵɱɧɵɹ ʆɜɚɫɚɛɥɟɧɶɧɿ ɫɬɚɥɿɧɲɱɵɧɚ ɩɪɵɩɚɞɚɛɧɹɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɰɵɡɦɭ ɜɵɫɶɜɟɱɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɤɪɵʆɞɚ ɪɷɩɪɷɫɚɜɚ ɧɵɯ ɿ ɩɚɞ Ɍɭɬ ɧɚɦɚɰɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɫɬɵɥɺɜɵɹ ɡɧɚɯɨɞɤɿ ɛɭɞɭɱɵɯ ɩɪɵ ɩɚɜɟɫɶɰɹʆ ɩɚɞ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɞɚɯɚɦ ɿ ɡɚ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɱɵɝɭɧɤɨɦ ɡɚɰɿɪɤɿ ± ɚɮɿ ɰɷɪ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɚɪɦɟɟɰ ɮɚɲɵɫɬ ɛɚɥɶɲ ɚɜɿɤ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɣ Ɍɭɬ ɮɿɥɿɝɪɚɧɿɥ ɚɫɹ ɤɚɦɩɚɡɿɰɵɣɧɚɟ ɦɚɣɫɬɷɪɫɬɜɚ ɫɸɠɷɬɧɚɟ ɪɚɡɝɚɥɿ ɧɚɜɚɧɶɧɟ © ɧɚɧɿɡɜɚɧɶɧɟª ɡɚɜɹɪɲɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɪɚɞɭɦɚɧɚɣ ɮɿɧɚɥɶɧɚɣ ɪɚɡɶɜɹɡɤɚɣ Ɏɿɥɿɝɪɚɧɿɥɚɫɹ ɞɚ ɚɩɨɲɧɹɝɚ Ȼɵɤɚʆɫɤɚɝɚ ɞɧɹ ɛɨ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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5
ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɧɚɣ ɇɟɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɧɚɣ ɧɚ ɩɚ ɩɟɪɵ ɉɪɚ ɮɚɛɭɥɭ ɪɚɡɶɜɹɡɤɿ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɦɟɪɤɚɜɚɰɶ ɩɚ ɚʆ ɬɚɪɫɤɿɯ ɡɚɩɿɫɚɯ ɧɚɤɿɞɚɯ ɿ ɩɥɚɧɚɯ ɡ ɹɤɿɯ ɿ ʆɞɚɥɨɫɹ ©ɡɦɚɧɬɚɜɚɰɶª ɩɥɚɧ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɶɞɡɟɥɚʆ ɺɧ ɭ ɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɰɵɿ ɩɚɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɤɭɪɫɿ ɜɚɦ Ɍɚɤɿɦ ɚɬɪɵɦɚʆɫɹ ɞɚʆɧɿ ɿ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɵ ©Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠª ɤɚʆɱɷɝ ȼɚɫɿɥɹ Ȼɵɤɚɜɚ Ɍɨɥɶɤɿ ɜɵɠɵɜɭɰɶ ɭ ɿɦ ɧɹ ʆɫɟ ɿ ɧɹ ʆɫɺ ȱ ɧɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɡɚɫɬɚɧɭɰɰɚ ɛɵɤɚʆɫɤɚɹ ɩɪɚʆɞɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɱɵ ɝɨɧɚɪ ɛɨɥɶ ɿ ɚɲɱɚɞɧɚ ɩɟɪɚɱɵɬɚɧɵ ɦɚɲɵɧɚɩɿɫ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɧɹ ɡɞɚɞɡɟɧɚɣ ɭ ɞɪɭɤ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ Ⱥɥɟɫɶ ɉɚɲɤɟɜɿɱ
Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠ Ⱥɩɨ ɜɟ ɫ ɶɰɶ
ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ Ɍ ɵɞɡɟɧɶ ɿɲɨʆ ɧɭɞɧɵ* ɯɚɥɨɞɧɵ ɞɨɠɞɠ ɦɚɱɵʆ ɿ ɛɟɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɧɚɦɨɤɥɭɸ ʆɠɨ ɡɹɦɥɸ Ⱦɚɪɨɝɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɪɚɫɤɿɫɥɚ ɝɪɚɡɶ ɪɚɫɩɚʆɡɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɚɞ ɧɚɝɚɦɿ ɩɚ ɤɚɥɹɿɧɚɯ ɫɚɛɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɧɿɤɭɞɵ ɧɟ ɫɶɰɹɤɚɥɿ ɦɭɬɧɵɹ ɥɭɠɵɧɵ ɇɚɜɚɬ ɫɶɰɟɠɤɚ ɧɚʆɡɛɨɱ ɡɚ ɤɚɧɚɜɚɣ ɿ ɬɚɹ ɧɟ ɜɵɫɵɯɚɥɚ ɡɚ ɬɵɹ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɤɿɹ ɩɪɚɦɟɠɤɿ ɹɤ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɟɪɚɫɬɚɜɚʆ ɞɨɠɞɠ ɛɵɥɚ ɫɶɥɿɡɤɚɹ ɿ ɫɶɰɸɞɡɺɧɚɹ Ʌɟ ɩɟɣ ɡɚ ʆɫɺ ɛɵɥɨ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɩɚ ɞɪɨɛɧɚɣ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɡɦɚɤɪɷɥɚɣ ɬɪɚʆ ɰɵ ɧɚʆɫɤɪɚɣ ɛɭɥɶɛɹɧɿɲɱɚ ɞɡɟ ɩɚɤɚɩɚɧɚɝɚ ɡ ɩɚɪɚɫɤɿɞɚ ɧɵɦ ɩɚɪɭɞɡɟɥɵɦ ɛɭɥɶɛɨʆɧɿɤɚɦ ɚ ɞɡɟ ɿ ɡ ɧɟɱɚɩɚɧɵɦɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɚɪɚɡɺɧɤɚɦɿ ɛɭɥɶɛɵ Ȼɭɥɶɛɚ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɩɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɩɨɣɞɡɟ ɩɚɞ ɫɶɧɟɝ ɩɚɦɟɪɡɶɧɟ ɤɚɩɚɰɶ ɹɟ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɚɦɭ ± ɜɺɫɤɿ ɥɿɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɧɹ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɩɚɝɚɪɷɥɚ ɩɚɪɭɣɧɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɞɚɲɱɷɧɬɭ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɚɹ ɜɺɫɚɱɤɚ Ⱦɵ ɿ ɿɧɲɵɦ ɬɭɬ ɞɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɧɹ ɦɟɧɲ ɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɡɞɚɥɹ ɡ ɡɚ ɚɛɩɚɥɟɧɵɯ ɞɪɷʆ ɫɹɦ ɬɚɦ ɜɵɬɵɪɤɚɥɿɫɹ ɡɚɤɚɩɰɟɥɵɹ ɩɟɱɵ ɡ ɚɛɥɚɦɚɧɵɦɿ ɤɚɦɿ ɧɚɦɿ ɪɷɲɬɤɚɦɿ ɫɶɦɹɪɞɡɸɱɚɝɚ ɞɵɦɭ ɞɵɯɚɥɿ ɧɟɞɚɝɚɪɷɥɵɹ ɩɚɠɚɪɵɲɱɵ Ⱦɡɿɜɚ ɲɬɨ ± ɫɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɵɯ ɞɡɺɧ ɭɫɺ ɬɭɬ ɝɪɵɦɟɥɚ ɚɞ ɠɭɞɚɫɧɵɯ ɜɵɛɭɯɚʆ ɯɚɞɭɧɨɦ ɯɚɞɡɿɥɚ ɡɹɦɥɹ ɫɤɪɨɡɶ ɭ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ɜɿɪɚɲɱɷɥɚ ɿ ɫɤɵɝɚɬɚɥɚ ɚ ɚɞ ɞɵɦɭ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɚɞɵɯɧɭɰɶ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɭ ɹɦɟ ɧɚ ɛɭɪɚɱɧɿɤɭ ɞɡɟ ɬɚɞɵ ɯɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɰɺɬɤɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɍɫɺ ɧɚɜɨɤɚɥ ɝɚɪɷɥɚ ɬɥɟɥɚ ɿ ɞɵɦɿɥɚ ɿ ɯɚɬɵ ɿ ɯɥɹʆɤɿ ɿ ɝɭɦɧɵ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɛɚɹɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɜɵɝɥɹɧɭɰɶ ɧɚ ɫɶɜɟɬ ɛɨɠɵ ɤɚɛ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟɰɶ ɰɿ ɫɬɚɿɰɶ ɹɲɱɷ ɇɚɞ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɚʆɬɚɪɚ ɧɚɩɿɫɚɧɚ © ɞɪɨɛɧɵ» . 6
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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7
ɹɟ ɯɚɬɤɚ ɍɠɨ ɦɨɠɚ ɡ ɞɡɹɫɹɬɚɤ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɵɯ ɜɵɛɭɯɚʆ ɝɪɵɦ ɧɭɥɚ ɧɚ ɞɜɚɪɵ ɿ ɝɚɪɨɞɡɟ ɫɵɪɵ ɩɥɚɫɬ ɝɥɟɸ ɚɛɪɭɲɵʆɫɹ ʆ ɹɦɟ ɩɪɵɜɚɥɿʆɲɵ ɹɟ ɛɨɫɵɹ ɧɨɝɿ ɡɶɜɟɪɯɭ ɹɦɭ ɡɚɤɿɞɚɥɚ ɱɨɪɧɚɣ ɩɟɪɚɦɟɲɚɧɚɣ ɡ ɦɨɯɚɦ ɫɚɥɨɦɚɣ ɡ ɯɥɹʆɤɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɯɚɬɤɚ ɧɟ ɡɚɝɚɪɷɥɚɫɹ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ʆɡɪɚɞɚɜɚɧɚ ɡɝɥɟɞɡɟɥɚ ɹɟ ɹɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɹɫɶɦɟɥɚ ɜɵɛɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɹɦɵ ɧɚɞɜɹɱɨɪɤɚɦ ɭ ɩɹɬ ɧɿɰɭ ɤɚɥɿ ʆɫɺ ɬɭɬ ɚɰɿɯɥɚ ɡɦɨʆɤɥɚ ɡɶɦɹɪɰɶɜɟɥɚ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɫɚɦɚ ɫɚɛɟ ɧɟ ɩɚɜɟɪɵɥɚ ɧɹʆɠɨ ɚɰɚɥɟɥɚ" ɏɚɬɤɚ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɡ ɛɨɥɶ ɲɚɝɚ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɚɰɚɥɟɥɚ ɯɨɰɶ ɩɚɥɨɜɵ ɫɬɪɚɯɿ ɧɚ ɺɣ ɹɤ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ± ɧɿɛɵ ɡɶɦɹɥɨ ɜɿɯɪɚɦ ɚ ɞɪɭɝɚɹ ɩɚɥɨɜɚ ɩɥɨɫɤɚ ɚɛɥɟɝɥɚ ɤɪɨɤɜɚɦɿ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɚɟ ɝ ɚɪɵɲɱɚ ɛɹɡ ɤɨɦɿɧɚ ɱɨɪɧɵɹ ɰɚɝɥɿɧɵ ɚɞ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɪɚɫɤɿɞɚɧɵɹ ɜɚɥɹɥɿɫɹ ɩɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɝɚɪɨɞɡɟ ɇɟ ʆɛɟɪɚɝɥɨɫɹ ɧɿɜɨɞɧɚɟ ɡ ɬɪɨɯ ɜɚɤɟɧɰɚ ʆ ɛɿɬɚɟ ɲɤɥɨ ɫɤɪɨɡɶ ɯɪɭɩɚɥɚ ɩɚɞ ɧɚɝɚɦɿ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɛɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɩɚɪɷ ɡɚɰɶ ɛɨɫɵɹ ɧɨɝɿ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɬɚɞɵ ɡɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɥɹ ɩɚɥɚɦɚɧɚɝɚ ɩɥɨ ɬɭ ɿ ɝɨɪɤɚ ɡɚɩɥɚɤɚɥɚ« Ɂɚ ɛɭɥɶɛɹɧɿɲɱɚɦ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɜɹɪɧɭɰɶ ɩɚ ɤɚɫɚɝɨɪɵ ɧɟ ʆ ɥɨɝ ɞɡɟ ɡ ɡɚ ɤɭɫɶɰɿɤɚʆ ɲɵɪɨɤɚ ɚɞɤɪɵʆɫɹ ɜɹɥɿɤɿ ɥɭ ɝɚɜɵ ɩɪɚɫɶɰɹɝ ɞɚʆɧɹɟ ɜɵɩɪɚɰɚɜɚɧɚɟ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲɱɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɱɨɪɧɚɟ ɩɭɫɬɨɟ ɡɚɥɿɬɚɟ ɩɚ ɤɚɧɚɜɚɯ ɞɵ ɹɦɚɯ ɫɬɚɹɥɚɣ ɜɚ ɞɨɣ Ɍ ɚɦ ɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɫɩɪɚɞɜɟɤɭ ɥɹɠɚɥɚ ɛ ɚɥɨɬɚ ɡ ɱɷɡɥɵɦɿ ɯɚɦ ɥɚɤɚɦɿ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤɭ ɪɷɞɤɿɦɿ ɚɫɬɪɚʆɤɚɦɿ ɧɿɡɤɚɪɨɫ ɥɚɝɚ ɛɚɥɨɬɧɚɝɚ ɯɜɨɣɧɿɤɭ ɩɪɚɡ ɹɝɨ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɛɟɝ ɫɬɚɪɚɠɵɬ ɧɵ ɛɪɭɤɚɜɚɧɵ ɬɪɚɤɬ ɡɚ ɹɤɿ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɿ ʆɫɱɚɥɚɫɹ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɜɚ ɟɧɧɚɹ ɤɚɥɚɬɧɟɱɚ ɉɟɪɚɞ ɬɵɦ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɚɪɦɟɣɰɵ ɞɡɺɧ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɤɚɩɚɥɿ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɤ ɫɯɿɥ ɚɤɨɩɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ʆɫɤɪɚɣɤɭ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲ ɱɚ ɧɚɤɚɩɚɥɿ ɬɭɬ ɛɟɡɶɥɿɱ ɧɟɣɤɿɯ ɤɪɵɜɭɥɹɤ ɧɨɪɚʆ ɹɦɿɧɚʆ ɤɪɭɝɥɵɯ ɛɵ ɫɤɚɜɚɪɨɞɤɿ ɩɥɹɰɨɜɚɤ ± ɞɥɹ ɝɚɪɦɚɬɚʆ ɰɿ ɲɬɨ ɍɱɨɪɚ ɩɚɞ ɜɟɱɚɪ ɹɤ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɛɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɿ ɞɭɠɚ ɰɿɤɚɜɹ ɱɵɫɹ ɚɞɧɚɱɚɫɧɚ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɚ ɞɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɭ ɞɵɤ ɚɠ ɩɪɵ ɫɟɥɚ ɚɞ ɪɚɩɬɨʆɧɚɣ ɧɭɬɪɚɧɨɣ ɠɭɞɚɫɶɰɿ ± ɧɿɠɷɣ ɥɹ ɤɭɫɶɰɿɤɚʆ ɧɚ ɤɪɚɿ ɜɵɜɟɪɧɭɬɵɯ ɡ ɝɥɵɛɿɧɿ ɜɵɜɚɥɿɧɚʆ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɥɹ ɠɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɛɚɤɭ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɚɹ ɝɚɪɦɚɬɤɚ ɡ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɿɦ ɫɬɜɚɥɨɦ ɿ ɡɚ ɺɣ ɧɿɰɦɚ ɚɛɥɹɝɚʆ ɧɚ ɠɚɥɟɡɧɚɣ ɫɬɚɧɿɧɟ ɧɟɠɵɜɵ ɱɵɪɜɨ ɧɚɚɪɦɟɟɰ ɫɩɪɷɫ ɚɛɫɵɩɚɧɵ ɤɚɦɹɤɚɦɿ ɞɪɨɛɧɚɣ ɡɹɦɥɿ əɧɚ ɬɚɞɵ ɞɨʆɝɚ ʆɡɿɪɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɡɞɚɥɹ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɩɚɲɚɜɟ ɥɿɰɰɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɠɵɜɵ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɟ ɧɟ ɩɚɲɚɜɹɥɿʆɫɹ ɛɵʆ ɡɚɛɿɬɵ ɹɧɚ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɚ ɬɨɟ ɤɚɥɿ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɚ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɿ 8
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɡɝɥɟɞɡɟɥɚ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɫɬɪɵɠɚɧɚɣ ɩɚɬɵɥɿɰɵ ɪɭɞɭɸ ɤɚɪɵɧɭ ɡɚ ɫɨɯɥɚɣ ɤɪɵɜɿ əɧɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɚʆɡɿɪɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɫɬɚɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɟɹɤ ɚɞɨɥɟɰɶ ɫɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɯ ɞɵ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɧɟ ɚɞɨɥɟʆɲɵ ɹɝɨ ɩɚ ɦɚɥɭ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɚ ɩɚ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɞɚ ɝɚɪɦɚɬɤɿ Ɍ ɜɚɪɭ ɡɚɛɿɬɚɝɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɡɧɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɺɧ ɜɟɤɭ ɯɿɛɚ ɲɬɨ ɹɝɨ ɬɚɧɤɥɹɜɚɹ ɲɵɹ ɲɬɨ ɜɵɬɵɪɤɚɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɪɚɫɯɿɧɭɬɚɝɚ ɤɚʆ ɧɹɪɚ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɿ ɞɚɜɚɥɚ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɹɲɱɷ ɦɚɥɚɞɵ ɯ ɥɨɩɟɰ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɺɧ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɬɭɬ ɞɚʆɧɨ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɞɡɺɧ ɹɝɨɧɚɹ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɚ ɧɚ ɫɶɩɿɧɟ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɚɛɫɿɜɟɪɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɜɟɬɪɵ ɚ ɛɚɤɿ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɿɧɲɚɟ ɩɚɞ ɿɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɵɪɨɟ ɿ ɰɺɦɧɚɟ ± ɚɞ ɞɚɠɞ ɠɭ ɰɿ ɤɪɵɜɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɫɬɭɩɿɥɚ ɧɚ ɤɭɱɭ ɫɵɪɨɝɚ ɦɹɤɤɚɝɚ ɝɥɟɸ ɡɚ ɹɤɿɦ ɡɟʆɪɚɥɚ ɝɥɵɛɨɤɚɹ ɜɭɡɤɚɹ ɹɦɿɧɚ ɫɬɪɚɯɚɜɿɬɚ ɡɿɪɧɭɥɚ ɬɭɞɵ ɿ ɠɚɯɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɭ ɹɦɿɧɟ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɡɚɛɿɬɵɹ ɇɟɥɶɝɚ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɬɚɤ ɭɠɨ ɛɚɹɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɠɵɜɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ± ɡɚ ɫɜɚɟ ɫɨɪɚɤ ɝɚɞɨʆ ɹɧɚ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɧɚɝɥɟɞɡɟɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɹɛɨɠɱɵɤɚʆ ± ɦɭɠɱɵɧɚʆ ɿ ɠɚɧɱɵɧ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɯ ɿ ɫɬɚɪɵɯ ɩɚɯɚɜɚɥɚ ɛɚɰɶ ɤɨʆ ɚɥɟ ɬɨɟ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɫɺ ɧɹ ɬɚɤ Ɍ ɚɦ ɛɵɥɿ ɡɞɚʆɧɚ ɡɧɚɺɦɵɹ ɫɜɚɟ ɪɨɞɡɿɱɵ ɞɵ ɿ ɧɹɛɨɠɱɵɤɿ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɹ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɡɚɛɿɬɵɹ ɫɤɪɵɜɚʆɥɟɧɵɹ ɞɵ ɩɚɤɚɥɟɱɚɧɵɹ ɫɚɥɞɚɬɵ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɬɚɞɵ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɧɹ ɱɭɸɱɵ ɩɚɞ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɧɨɝ ɧɚ ʆɩɪɚɫɬɤɿ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɛɭɥɶɛɹɧɿɲɱɚ ɩɚɲɵɛɚɜɚɥɚ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ ɞɚɥɟɣ ± ɞɚ ɫɜɚɟ ɩɚɯɿɥɚɟ ɛɟɡ ɫɬɪɚɯɿ ɯɚɬɤɿ ɚɤɪɚɣ ɧɟɞɚɥɺɤɚɣ ɪɚɡɛɭ ɪɚɧɚɣ ɜɺɫɚɱɤɿ ɛɵ ɬɚɦ ɛɵɥɚ ɹɤɚɹ ɡɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɝɚ ɚɞ ɠɭɞɚɫɶɰɿ ɜɚɟɧɧɚɝɚ ɩɨɥɹ ɛɨɸ ɍɫɸ ɧɹɞɨʆɝɭɸ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɞɚɞɨɦɭ ɿ ɡɚ ɬɵɦ ɭ ɯɚɬɰɵ ɹɤɭɸ ɹɧɚ ɹɤ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ɩɪɵɥɚɞɡɿɥɚ ɞɥɹ ɠɵɬɥɚ ɩɚ ɡɚɬɵɤɚ ɥɚ ɩɚɛ ɿɬɵɹ ɲɵɛɿɧɵ ɩɪɵɥɚ ɞɡɿɥɚ ɩɚɥɚɦɚ ɧɵɹ ɞɡɶɜɟɪɵ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɩɚɫɩɪɚɛɚɜɚɥɚ ɚɞɧɨɣɱɵ ɡɚɩɚɥɿɰɶ ɭ ɩɟɱɵ ɚɥɟ ɞɵɦ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɩɚɜɚɥɿʆ ɭɧɭɬɪ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɡɚɬɭɲɵɥɚ ɝɚɥɚɜɟɲɤɿ ɭɫɸ ɧɨɱ ɡɚɬɵɦ ɭ ɹɟ ɜɚɱɚɯ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɵɹ ɡɚɫɵɩɚɧɵɹ ɡɹɦɥɺɣ ɫɶɩɿɧɵ ɚɞɤɿɧɭɬɵɹ ɝɚɥɨɜɵ ɡɚɛɿɬɵɯ ɫɤɪɵɜɚʆɥɟɧɵ ɛɿɧɬ ɧɚ ɝɨɥɵɦ ɡ ɪɚɡɪɷɡɚɧɵɦ ɪɭɤɚɜɨɦ ɩɥɹɱɵ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ Ⱥ ɧɚɡɚʆɬɪɚ ɧɟɹɤ ɞɚɬɪɵɜɚʆɲɵ ɞɚ ɥɹɧɿɜɚɝɚ ɩɨɡɶɧɹɝɚ ɫɶɜɿɬɚɧ ɤɭ ɹɧɚ ɜɵɰɹɝɧɭɥɚ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɞɪɵɜɨɬɧɿ ɿɪɠɚɜɭɸ ɪɵɞɥɺʆɤɭ ɿ, ɛɚɸɱɵɫɹ, ɩɚɞɵɛɚɥɚ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɩɨɥɟ ɞɚ ɬɚɟ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɚɟ ɤɚɫɚɝɨ ɪɵɧɵ ɧɚɞ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲɱɚɦ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɱɵɦ ɹɧɚ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɩɚɞɵɯɨɞɡɿɥɚ ɞɚ ɝɪɵʆɤɿ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɬɵɦ ɦɟɧɟɣ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɹɟ ɪɚɲɭɱɚɫɶɰɿ ɫɬɪɚɯ ɚɯɿɧɚʆ ɹɟ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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9
ʆɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɧɟ ɫɩɪɚɛɚɜɚɥɚ ɚɞɨɥɟɰɶ ɹɝɨ ± ɹɧɚ ʆɠɨ ɡɜɵɤɥɚ ɫɹ ɡ ɿɦ ɡɚ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɠɚɯ ɥɿɜɵɹ ɞɧɿ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɹɧɚ ɡ ɿɦ ɠɵɥɚ ɤɨɠɧɵ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɿ ʆɧɚɱɵ ɭ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɤɚ ɪɨɬɤɿɯ ɩɬɭɲɵɧɵɯ ɫɧɚɯ ɩɪɚɱɵɧɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɩɚ ɩɹɰɶ ɞɚ ɫɶɜɿɬɚɧɤɭ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɬɨɣ ɤɚɥɚɬɧɟɱɵ ʆɫɺ ɧɚɜɚɤɨɥ ɫɶɰɿɲɵɥɚɫɹ ɧɿɛɵ ɡɶɦɹɪɰɶɜɟɥɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆɱɨɪɚ ʆ ɧɟɛɟ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɝɭɥɿ ɚɷɪɚɩɥɚɧɵ ɚɥɟ ɱɵɟ ɹɧɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɿ ɤɭɞɵ ɥɹɰɟɥɿ ɹɧɚ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɥɚ əɤ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɥɚ ɤɭɞɵ ɚɞɤɚɰɿɥɚɫɹ ɜɚɣɧɚ ɰɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɧɚ ɬɵɦ ɭɫɺ ɿ ɫɤɨɧɱɵɥɚɫɹ ɍɫɟ ʆɫɿɯ ɩɚɛɿɥɿ ± ɿ ɧɚ ɲɵɯ ɿ ɧɟɦɰɚʆ ɿ ɬɭɬ ɩɚɛɥɿɡɭ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɇɟ ɡɚɫ ɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɿ ʆ ɜɺɫɰɵ ± ɚɞɧɵ ʆɰɹɤɥɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɡɚ ɦɹɫɬɷɱ ɤɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɚɩɹɪɷɞɚɞɧɿ ɛ ɨɸ ɞɪɭɝɿɹ ɧɚɨɝɭɥ ɫɵɲɥɿ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɤɭɞɵ ɑɵɪɜɨɧɚɚɪɦɟɣɰɵ ɬɚɞɵ ɜɵɝɚɧɹɥɿ ʆɫɿɯ ± ɤɚɡɚɥɿ ɬɭɬ ɫɹɞɡɟɰɶ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɱɧɚ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɜɹɥɿɤɚɹ ɛɨɣɤɚ ɿ ɺɣ ɤɚɡɚɥɿ ɜɵɛɿɪɚɰɰɚ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɹɧɚ ɧɟ ɩɚɣɲɥɚ ɧɿɤɭɞɵ ɯɨɰɶ ɿ ɩɚɝɚɞɡɿɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɞɵ ɩɚɣɫɶɰɿ ȱ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɞɚɪɦɚ ɧɟ ɩɚɣɲɥɚ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɹɧɚ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɚɪɚɤɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɸ ɞɭɪɧɨɬɭ ɚɥɟ ɠ ɯɿɛɚ ɹɧɚ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɬɚɤ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚ Ɍ ɚɤɿ ɠɚɯ Ʉɚɧɟɰ ɫɶɜɟɬɭ ɩɟɤɥɚ ɿ ɤɪɵɜɚɜɚɟ ɝɪɚɦɿɲɱɚ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɫɹ ɧɭ ɩɚɫɬɪɚɥɹɸɰɶ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɿ ɰɿ ʆ ɜɺɫɰɵ ɦɨɠɚ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɡɚɛ¶ ɸɰɶ ɹɟ ɚɥɟ ɺɣ ɲɬɨ ɩɥɚɤɚɰɶ ɩɚ ɺɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɤɚɦɭ ɹɤ ɿ ɺɣ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɞɚʆɧɨ ɠɵɥɚ ɬɭɬ ɚɞɧɚ ɛɚɛɵɥɤɚɣ ɛɟɡ ɫɹɦ¶ɿ ɹɤɨɣ ɭ ɹɟ ɧɟ ɡɚɜɹɥɨɫɹ ɚɞ ɦɚɥɚɞɨɫɶɰɿ ɚ ɪɨɞɡɿɱɵ« Ɋɨɞɡɿɱɚʆ ɛɥɿɡɤɿɯ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɚ ɞɚɥɺɤɿɹ ɛɵɥɿ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɬɚɤ ɲɬɨ ɤɚɥɿ ɡɚɛ¶ɸɰɶ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɜɚɧɚɤ ɩɚ ɺɣ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɧɹ ɲɦɚɬ Ⱥ ɬɨ ɿ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɹ ɛɭɞɡɟ Ɇɨɠɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɿ ɥɟɩɲ Ɂɚɛɿɬɵ ɚɛɥɹɝɚʆɫɹ ɧɿɰ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɧɿɧɭ ɡɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɧɚ ɜɹɪɲɚɥɿ ɧɟ ɲɵɩɲɵɧɚɜɚɝ ɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɦɟɫɶɰɿɥɚɫɹ ɱɚɤɚɥɚ ɲɷɪɚɹ ɜɚ ɪɨɧɚ ɹɤɚ ɹ ɡ ɧɟɚɯɜɨɬɚɣ ɡɜɚ ɥɿɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɝɚɥɿɧɵ ɿ ɩɚɥɹɰɟɥɚ ɧɟɤɭ ɞɵ ɹɤ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɚ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ Ʉɪɨɤ ɹɟ ɬɭɬ ɡɚɩɚɜɨɥɿʆɫɹ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɵɥɚɫɹ ɡɧɨʆ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɫɬɪɚɲ ɧɚ ɚɥɟ ɲɬɨ ɠ« ɇɹɝɨɠɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɤɿɞɚɰɶ ɤɪ ɭɦɤɚɱɚɦ ɡɚɛɿ ɬɵɯ ɧɟɛɚɪɚɤɚʆ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɿɯ ɚɬɭɥɿɰɶ ɡɹɦɥɺɣ ɿ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɭɬ ɭɠɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɚɦɭ ɋɜɚ ɿɯ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɚɪ ɦɟɣɰɚʆ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɰɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɹɧɵ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɿɥɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ Ⱥɛ ɬɵɦ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɤɥɚɩɚɰɿɰɰɚ ɺɣ ɀɚɥɶ ɞɚ ɡɚɛɿɬɵɯ ɩɚɞɝɚ ɧɹʆ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɭ ɿ ɬɨɣ ɠɚɥɶ ɩɚɦɚɝɚʆ ɺɣ ɡ ɛɨɥɶɲɚɝɚ ɚɞɨɥɶɜɚɰɶ ɫɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɯ 10
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
əɧɚ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɚ ɞɚ ɲɵɪɨɤɚɣ ɜɚɪɨɧɤɿ ɹɦɿɧɵ ɡɿɪɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɹɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɚɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɭɫɬɚ ɋɭɝɥɿɧɿɫɬɵɹ ɝɥɵɛɿɧɵ ɜɵɜɚɪɚɰɿ ɧɵ ɝɪɭɜɚɫɶɰɿɥɿɫɹ ɩɚ ɛɟɪɚɝɚɯ ɤɚɦɹɤɿ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɚɛɫɵɩɚɥɿ ʆɫɺ ɿɪɠɵɲɱɚ ɧɚɜɨɤɚɥ ɚɥɟ ɧɚɣɛɨɥɶɲ ɝɚɪɦɚɬɤɭ ɿ ɧɟɛɚɪɚɤɭ ɡɚɛɿɬɚɝɚ ɩɪɵ ɺɣ əɤ ɡɚ ɹɝɨ ʆɡɹɰɰɚ ɹɧɚ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɥɚ ɩɚɫɬɚɹɥɚ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɝ ɧɹɬɥɿɜɚ ʆɡɿɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɬɭɸ ɫɤɚɪɷɥɭɸ ɩɚ ɬɵɥɿɰɭ Ɂɚɬɵɦ ɩɚɤɿɧɭʆɲɵ ɪɵɞɥɺʆɤɭ ɞɚɤɪɚɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɩɥɹɱɚ ɩɚɯɿɧɭɥɚ Ɂɚɛɿɬɵ ɧɟ ɫɤɪɚɧɭʆɫɹ ɡ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɛɵ ɫɤɚɦɹ ɧɟʆ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɪɚɡ ɡ ɜɹɥɿɤɚɣ ɧɚɬɭɝɚɣ ɥɟɞɡɶɜɟ ɩɟɪɚɜɚɥɿɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɚ ɛɨɤ Ƚɷɬɚ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɛɵʆ ɦɚɥɚɞɡɟɧɶɤɿ ɫɚɥɞɚɰɿɤ ɡ ɯɭ ɞɵɦ ɜɭɡɤɿɦ ɬɜɚɪɵɤɚɦ ɚɞɧɨ ɜɨɤɚ ɹɝɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɹɤ ɞɭɠɚ ɡɚɩ ɥɸɲɱɚɧɚ ɰɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɡɚɩɭɯɥɚ ɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɧɿɛɵ ɚɲɤɥɹɧɟɥɚɟ ɧɟɞɚʆɦɟɧɧɚ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɚ ʆɞɚɥɹɱɵɧɶ ɉɚɞɤɨɪɱɚɧɵɹ ɩɚɞ ɫɹɛɟ ɪɭɤɿ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɩɚɞɤɨɪɱɚɧɵɦɿ ɡ ɛɪɭɞɧɵɦɿ ɪɚɫɬɚɩɵɪɚ ɧɵɦɿ ɩɚɥɶɰɚɦɿ ɒɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɞɵɤ ɹɧɚ ɿ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚ ɥɚ ɉɷʆɧɚ ɩɚɯɚɜɚɰɶ ɚɥɟ ɹɤ" əɧɚ ɚɡɿɪɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɹɟ ɩɨɡɿɪɤ ɧɚɬɪɚɩɿʆ ɧɚ ɹɦɭ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɭ ɫɺ ɡ ɬɵɦɿ ɠ ɡɚɛɿɬɵɦɿ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɿɯ ɫɤɥɚɞɜɚɥɿ ɬɭɞɵ ɞɵ ɧɟ ɩɚɫɶɩɟɥɿ ɡɚɤɚɩɚɰɶ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɋɟ ɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɿ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɚ ɞɚ ɹɦɵ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ Ⱥɥɟ ɰɿ ɫɤɥɚɞɜɚɥɿ ± ɧɟɹɤ ɞɭɠɚ ʆɠɨ ɛɹɡɥɚɞɧɚ ɹɧɵ ɦɟɫɶɰɿɥɿɫɹ ɬɚɦ ɞɜɚ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɧɚ ɞɧɟ ɭɬɵɪɤɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɝɚɥɨɜɚɦɿ ʆ ɡɟɦɥɹɧɭɸ ɫɶɰɹɧɭ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɰɟɫɶɧɟɧɶɤɚɣ ɹɦɿɧɵ ɬɪɷɰɿ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɛɨɤɚɦ ɩɚɞɜɹɪɧɭʆɲɵ ɝɚ ɥɚɜɭ ʆ ɩɿɥɨɬɰɵ ɡ ɡɚɛɿɧɬɚɜɚɧɵɦ ɩɥɹɱɨɦ Ȼɿɧɬ ɧɚ ɿɦ ɛɵʆ ɫɤɪɨɡɶ ɭ ɫɭɯɿɯ ɩɥɹɦɚɯ ɤɪɵɜɿ ɤɪɨʆ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɚ ɹɝɨɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɞ ɡɹɯ ɿ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɚ ɥɨɠɵ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɿ ɲɬɨ ɬɵɪɱɷɥɚ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɧɚɤɿɞɚɧɚɣ ɜɵɛɭɯɚɦ ɡɹɦɥɿ Ʌɟɡɶɰɿ ʆ ɹɦɭ ɤɚɛ ɬɚɦ ɩɚ ɩɪɚɜɿɰɶ ɤɚɝɨ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɜɚɠɵɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɬɨɟ ɹɧɚ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɦɚɝɥɚ ɩɟɪɚɚɞɨɥɟɰɶ ɫɹɛɟ əɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɡ ɚɞɱɚɣɧɚɣ ɪɚɲɭ ɱɚɫɶɰɸ ʆɡɹɥɚ ɩɚɞ ɩɚɯɿ ɡɚɛɿɬɚɝɚ ɿ ɩɚɰɹɝɧɭɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɞɚ ɹɦɵ Ɂɚɛɿɬɵ ɚɤɚɡɚʆɫɹ ɞɚɜɨɥɿ ɰɹɠɤɿ ɡɚɝɪɚɛɚɸɱɵ ɝɚɦɚɲɚɦɿ ɡɹɦ ɥɸ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɫɭɧɭʆɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɹɝɨ ɛɪɵɡɟɧɬɚɜɚɹ ɫɭɦɤɚ ɲɬɨ ɜɿɫɟ ɥɚ ɧɚ ɥɟɜɵɦ ɛɚɤɭ ɡɚɱɚɩɿɥɚɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɬɚɧɿɧɭ ɿ ɧɟ ɞɚɜɚɥɚ ɜɚɥɚ ɱɵ ɹɝɨ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɚɤɥɚɥɚ ɡɚɛɿɬɚɝɚ ɧɚ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɚɞɱɚ ɩɿɥɚ ɫɭɦɤɭ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɫɭɦɤɭ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɡɶɧɹɰɶ ɚɥɟ ɹɧɚ ɧɟ ɯɚɰɟɥɚ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɬɭɬ ɩɟɪɚɣɧɚɱɜɚɰɶ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɯɚɣ ɹɧɵ ɬɚɤ ɭ ɠɨ ɿ ɡɚɫɬɚɸɰɰɚ ʆ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɦɚɣɧɨɦ əɧɚ ɧɟɹɤ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɩɚɞ ɜɚɥɚɤɥɚ ɰɟɥɚ ɞɚ ɹɦɿɧɵ ɿ ɩɪɵɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚɸɱɵ ɡɚ ɧɚɰɹɝɧɭɬɭɸ ɩɚɞɤɭɪɱɚɧɭɸ ɪɭɤɭ ɛɨɤɚɦ ɚɩɭɫɶɰɿɥɚ ɹɝɨ ʆ ɹɦɭ ɧɚ ɩɥɟɱɵ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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11
ɬɵɯ >ɯɬɨ@ ʆɠɨ ɧɚɡɚʆɠɞɵ ɦɟɫɶɰɿɥɿɫɹ ɬɚɦ Ɂɚɬɵɦ ɫɬɚɪɚɧɧɚ ɩɟɪɚɯɪɵɫɶɰɿɥɚ ʆɫɿɯ ɭ ɹɦɿɧɟ ɩɟɪɚɯɪɵɫɶɰɿɥɚɫɹ ɫɚɦɚ ɿ ʆɡɹ ɥɚɫɹ ɡɚ ɪɵɞɥɺʆɤɭ Ɂɚɤɨɩɜɚɥɚ ɹɧɚ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɡ ɩɟɪɚɩɵɧɤɚɦɿ ɚɠ ɭɝɪɷɥɚɫɹ ɪ ɚɫ ɲɩɿɥɿɥɚ ɡɚɧɨɲɚɧɵ ɤɚɪɬɨɜɵ ɫɚɱɨɤ ɚɞɯɿɧɭɥɚ ɡ ɝɚɥɚɜɵ ɰɺɦ ɧɭɸ ɯɭɫɬɤɭ Ⱦɨɠɞɠɵɤ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɩɟɪɚɫɬɚʆ ɚɥɟ ɜɟɰɟɪ ɧɟ ɫɭɧɿɦɚʆɫɹ ɧɟɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɩɪɷɫ ɯɦɚɪɧɚɟ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɚɟ ɭɝɚɪɵ ɩɥɵɥɿ ɤɭɞɥɵɱɵɥɿɫɹ ɧɹɞɨɛɪɵɹ ɲɷɪɵɹ ɚɛɥɨɤɿ Ⱥɞɞɵɯɜɚɸ ɱɵɫɹ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɹɧɚ ɩɚʆɡɿɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɚ ɫɯɿɥɟ ʆɧɿɡ ɞɡɟ ɩɚ ɣɪɠɷʆ ɧɿɤɭ ɿ ɧɚɞ ɛɚɥɚɰɹɜɿɧɚɣ ɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɛɥɵɬɚɧɚɹ ɜɭɠɚɤɚ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɡ ɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɚɛɤɥɚɞɡɟɧɵɦɿ ɬɪɚ ɜɨɣ ɿ ɞɡɿɪɜɚɧɨɦ ɛɟɪɚɝɚɦɿ Ⱦɡɿɪɜɚɧɭ ɬɚɦ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɧɹɲɦɚɬ ɬɚɤ ɭɫɺ ɬɚɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɟɪɚɤɚɩɚɧɚ ɜɵɛɭɯɚɦɿ ɬɥɭɫɬɵɹ ɩɥɹɦɵ ɚɞ ɹɤɿɯ ɱɚɪɧɟɥɿɫɹ ɚɛɚɩɚɥ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɿ ɫɩɪɷɫ ɩɚ ʆɫɺɣ ɤɚɫɚɝɨɪɵɧɟ ɞɡɟ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɪɚɞɡɟɣ ɚ ɞɡɟ ɬɚɤ ɝɭɫɬɚ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɿ ɫɶɥɟɞɭ ɚɞ ɿɪɠɷʆɧɿɤɭ ɭɫɺ ɬɚɦ ɱɚɪɧɟɥɚɫɹ ɚɞ ɜɵɜɟɪɧɭɬɚɣ ɡ ɝɥɵɛɿɧɹʆ ɧɚɦɨɤɥɚɣ ɚɞ ɞɚɠɞɠɭ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɇɟɲɬɚ ɬɚ ɦ ɭɥɚɞɚɪɧɚ ɩɪɵɰɹɝɜɚɥɚ ɹɟ ɩɨɡɿɪɤ ɧɿɛɵ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɥɚ ɹɧɚ ɲɬɨ ɿ ɬɚɦ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɧɚ ɹɟ ʆɜɚɝɚ ȱ ɹɧɚ ɡɧɨʆ ɛɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɝɚɪɧɭɰɶ ɧɚ ɡɚɛɿɬɵɯ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɡ ɛɟɪɚɝɨʆ ɹɦɿɧɵ ɚɤɨɩɱɵɤɚ ɭɠɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɡɚɫɵɩɚɥɚ ɿɯ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɬɵɪ ɱɷɰɶ ɡ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɡɹɥɺɧɚɟ ɡ ɧɚɲɵɬɵɦ ɥɚɩɿɤɚɦ ɤɚɥɟɧɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɹɝɚ ɡɚɛɿɬɚɝɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɜɨ ɿ ɤɚɥɟɧɚ ɫɯɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɚɞ ɧɹɬɨʆ ɫɬɵɦ ɩɥɚɫɬɨɦ ɞɪɨɛɧɚɝɚ ɝɥɟɸ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɺɣ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɫɩɚɤɚɣɧɟɣ ɿ ɹɧɚ ʆɠɨ ɩɚɜɨɥɶɧɟɣ ɞɚɜɹɪɲɵɥɚ ɫɜɚɸ ɫɭɦɧɭɸ ɫɩɪɚɜɭ> @ ɡɚɫɵɩɚɥɚ ɹɦɭ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɧɚɝɪɚɛɥɚ ʆ ɞɚɞɚɬɚɤ ɧɚɜɟɪɯ ± ɚɬɪɵɦɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɿɛɵ ɦɚɝɿɥɤɚ Ⱦɵ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɿ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɧɚɜɟɤ ɡɚɫɬɚɧɟɰɰɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɦɚɝɿɥɤɚɣ ɞɥɹ ɱɚɬɵɪɨɯ ɧɟɛɚɪɚɤ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɹɧɚ ʆɬɨɪɤɧɭɥɚ ɡɛɨɱ ɪɵɞɥɺʆɤɭ ɩɟɪɚɜɹɡɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɯɭɫɶɰɿɧɤɭ ɫɩɚɤɚɣɧɟɣ ɚɝɥɟɞɡɟɥɚɫɹ Ⱥɩɪɨɱ ɡɚɜɚɥɟ ɧɚɣ ɧɚɛɨɤ ɝɚɪɦɚɬɤɿ, ɦɟɫɰɚɦɿ ʆ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɿ ɪɚɫɤɿɞɚ ɧɵɹ ɝɿɥɶɡɵ ɚɞ ɫɧɚɪɚɞɚʆ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɰɷɥɵɹ ɧɹɫɬɪɷɥɟɧɵɹ ɫɧɚ ɪɚɞɵ ɡ ɜɨɫɬɪɵɦɿ ɛɥɿɲɱɚɫɬɵɦɿ ɝɚɥɨʆɤɚɦɿ ɫɧɚɪɚɞɵ ɦɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɛɵɥɿ ɿ ʆ ɩɚɥɚɦɚɧɵɯ ɞɪɚʆɥɹɧɵɯ ɫɤɪɵɧɤɚɯ ɲɬɨ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɜɵɬɵɪɤɚɥɿɫɹ ɡɛɨɱ ɡ ɧɟɣɤɚɟ ɪɵɬɜɿɧɵ Ⱥɥɟ ɹɧɚ ɧɹ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɱɚɩɚɰɶ ɬɚɝɨ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɚɝɚ ɧɚɱɵɧɶɧɹ ± ɧɹ ɞɚɣ Ȼɨɝ ɫɬɪɷɥɶɧɟ Ƚɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ɹɧɚ ʆɠɨ ɡɪɚɛɿɥɚ ± ɫɯɚɜɚɥɚ ʆ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɯɚɣ ɥɹɠɚɰɶ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɿɯ ɧɟ ɩɚɤɪɵʆɞɡɿɰɶ ɧɿɯɬɨ ± ɧɿ ɡɶɜɟɪ ɧɿ ɱɚ ɥɚɜɟɤ Ɂ ɪɵɞɥɺʆɤɚɣ ɭ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɹɧɚ ɚɞɵɲɥɚɫɹ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɚɞ ɦɚɝɿɥɤɿ 12
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɩɚɫɬɚɹɥɚ ɿ ɩɚɣɲɥɚ ɚɥɟ ɧɟ ʆɝɚɪɭ ɞɚ ɜɺɫɤɿ ɚ ɩɚɦɚɥɭ ɞɭɠɚ ɛɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɩɚɬɭɩɚɥɚ ɩɚ ɣɪɠɷʆɧɿɤɭ ʆɧɿɡ ɞɚ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲɱɚ ɞɡɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɹ ɇɟɲɬɚ ɹɟ ɰɹɝɧɭɥɚ ɬɭɞɵ ɿ ɩɚɥɨɯɚɥɚ ɝɧɹɥɨ ɫɬɪɚɯɚɦ ɚɥɟ ɹɧɚ ɿɲɥɚ ɫɩɵɧɹɸɱɵɫɹ ɡɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɥɿɜɚ ɚɡɿ ɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɩɚ ɛɚɤɚɯ ɏɨɰɶ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ± ɫɶɰɸɞɡɺɧɵ ɜɟɰɟɪ ɝɧɚʆ ɯɦɚɪɵ ʆɝɚɪɵ ɬɪɵɦɰɟʆ ɪɷɞɤɿ ɛɵɥɶ ɧɺɝ ɩɚ ɿɪɠɵɲɱɵ ɧɚ ɡɪɭɣɧɚɜɚɧɵɦ ɩɚɤɪɷɦɡɚɧɵɦ ɥɸɞɡɶɦɿ ɿ ɜɚɣɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɿ ɇɹɫɶɦɟɥɚ ɹɤ ɿ ɪɚɧɟɣ ɞɭɠɚ ɛɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɚ ɞɚ ɛɥɿɠɧɹɣ ɤɪɵɜɭɥɹɤɿ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɡɿɪɧɭɥɚ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟɪ ɚɥɟ ɬɚɦ ɧɟ ɛ ɵɥɨ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ Ɍɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɚ ɞɧɟ ɫɬɚɹɥɚ ɱɨɪɧɚɹ ɜɚɞɚ ɚɞ ɞɚɠɞɠɭ ɰɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɧɚɛɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɡɶɧɿɡɭ ɦɹɫɶɰɿɧɚ ɬɭɬ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɿɡɤɚɹ ɥɿɱɵ ɭɠɨ ɡɚɛɚɥɚɰɶ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɦɚɥɭ ɩɚɜɚɥɚɤɥɚ ɫɹ ʆɡɞɨʆɠ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟɪɚ ɧɚɫɵɩɚɧɚɝɚ ɡ ɱ ɨɪɧɚɣ ɛɚɥɨɬɧɚɣ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɺɧ ɛɵʆ ɬɭɬ ɞɛɚɣɧɚ ɪɚɡɝɨɪɧɭɬɵ ɩɚɞɪɚʆɧɹɧɵ ɿ ɛɹɫɤɨɧɰɚ ɰɹɝɧɭʆɫɹ ɤɭɞɵɫɶ ɩɚ ɧɚɞ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲɱɚɦ ɍ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɡ ɚɩɚɫɤɚɣ ɩɟɪɚɫɬɭɩɿɥɚ ɬɨʆɫɬɵ ɫɦɚɥɹɧɵ ɩɪɨ ɜɚɞ ɲɬɨ ɜɺʆ ɩɚ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɧɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɤ ɞɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɞɡɟ ɱɚɪ ɧɟɥɿɫɹ ɫɩɚɪɵɲɵ ɜɚɪɨɧɤɿ ɚɞ ɫɧɚɪɚɞɚʆ Ɍ ɪɨɲɤɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɥɹɠɚ ɥɿ ɧɚ ɡɟ ɦɥɹɧɨɣ ɩ ɚɥɿɱɰɵ ɞɡɶɜɟ ɜɹɥɿɡɧɵɹ ɲɩɭɥɶɤɿ ɡ ɝɷɬɤɿɦ ɠɚ ɬɚʆɫɬɵɦ ɩɪɨɜɚɞɚɦ ± ɚɞɧɚ ɧɚɦɚɬɚ ɧɚɹ ɞɚɜɟɪɯɭ ɚ ɞɪɭɝɚɹ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɩɭɫɬɚɹ Ɇɹɫɶɰɿɧɚɦɿ ɧɚ ɛɪɭ ɫɬɜɟɪɵ ɿ ʆ ɞɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɝɭɫɬɚ ɧɿɛɵ ɡ ɦɟɯɭ ɧɚɫɵɩɚɧɚ ɝɿɥɶɡɚʆ ± ɩɭɫɬɵɯ ɛɹɡ ɤɭɥɹʆ ɧɟɤɚɬɨɪɵɹ ɡ ɿɯ ɩɚɡɟɥɹɧɟɥɿ ʆɠɨ ɚɞ ɜɿɥɶɝɚɰɿ ɞɪɭɝɿɹ ɦɨɤɪɵɦɿ ɤɪɭɝɥɹɤɚɦɿ ɠɚʆɬɥɹɜɚ ɛɥɿɫɤɚɥɿ ʆ ɝɪɚɡɿ Ⱦɡɟ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɛɹɥɟɥɿ ɤɪɚɩɚɱɤɿ ɫɤɪɵɜɚʆɥɟɧɵɯ ɦɨɤɪɵɯ ɛɿɧɬɨʆ ɩɚɪɚɡɦɚɬɥɹɧɵɯ ɜɟɬɪɚɦ ɩɚ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟɪɵ ɭ ɣɪɠɷʆɧɿ ɤɭ ɋɤɪɨɡɶ ɱɚɪɧɟɥɚɫɹ ɩɟɪɚɤɚɩɚɧɚɹ ɜɵɛɭɯɚɦɿ ɡɹɦɥɹ ɧɚ ɤɚɫɚɝɨɪɵɧɟ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɠɵɜɨɝɚ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɚɞ ɜɵɛɭɯɚʆ ɿ ɜɚ ɪɨɧɚɤ Ⱥɥɟ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɬɭɬ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿ ɠɵɜɵɯ ɧɿ ɡɚɛɿ ɬɵɯ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɫɵɲɥɿ ʆɫɟ ɤɭɞɵɫɶ ɹɤ ɚɰɿɯɥɚ ɛɨɣɤɚ ɏɨɰɶ ɭ ɧɚɜɚɤɨɥɶɥɿ ɧɟ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɿɜɨɞɧɚɝɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɚɥɟ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɪɚɞɱɭɜɚɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɩɟɪɚɦɚɝɥɿ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɭɫɸ ɦɿɧɭɥɭɸ ɧɨɱ ɧɚ ɛɪɭɤɚɜɚɧɰɵ ɡɚ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲɱɚɦ ɝɭɥɨ ɞɚ ɫɶɜɿɬɚɧɶɧɹ ± ɭɫɺ ɬɚɦ ɟɯɚɥɚ ɩɟɪɥɚ ɫɭɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ Ɂɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɧɚɲɵɹ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɿɥɿ Ɍ ɨ ɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɩɟɪɚɤɚɩɚɧɚɟ ɜɚɣɧɨɣ ɧɚɜɚɤɨɥɶɥɟ ɩɚ ɧɚɞ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲɱɚɦ ɬɨ ɡɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ ɞɡɟ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɝɥɵ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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13
ɛɟɣɲɭɸ ɚ ɞɡɟ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɦɟɥɤɭɸ ɞɚ ɤɚɥɟɧɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɧɚ ɛɪɵɥɚ ɧɚ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɣɧɵ ɬɭɩɿɱɨɤ ɡ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɱɤɚɦ ɧɚ ɩɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɿ ɹɤɿ ɛɵʆ ɫɶɜɟɠɚ ɚɛɤɥɚɞɡɟɧɵ ɞɡɿɪɜɚɧɨɦ ± ɧɿɛɵ ɜɹ ɥɿɤɚɹ ɦɚɝɿɥɚ ɚɤɪɚɣ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɋɶɩɹɪɲɚ ɹɧɚ ɦɹɤɤɚ ɫɬɭɩɿɥɚ ɛɨɫɵɦɿ ɧɚɝɚɦɿ ɧɚ ɬɨɣ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɤ ɿ ɫɯɚɦɹɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɫɵɲɥɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɤɚɛ ɚɛɵɣɫɶɰɿ ɹɝɨ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɩɟɪɚɫɤɨɱɵɥɚ ɧɟɲɵɪɨɤɭɸ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɣɤɭ ɿ ɚɠ ɫɤɚɥɚɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɚɞ ɧɟɣɱɚɝɚ ɝɨɥɚɫɭ ɲɬɨ ɝɥɭ ɯɚ ɩɪɚɝɭɱɷʆ ɧɿɛɵɬɚ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɡɹɦɥɿ əɤ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟɥɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɞɵɤ ɿ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɠɚɯɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɚɞ ɬɚɝɨ ɲɬɨ ʆɛɚɱɵɥɚ ɡɡɚɞɭ ʆ ɝɥɵɛɿɧɿ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɬɪɵɦɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɚɞɫɬɚʆɥɟɧɚɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɡɚ ɡɟɦɥɹɧɭɸ ɫɶɰɹɧɭ ɡ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚɦ ɭ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɭ ɧɟɩɚɞɩɹ ɪɚɡɚɧɚɣ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɚɪɦɟɣɫɤɚɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɹɝɨɧɚɹ ɝɚɥɚɜɚ ɿ ɜɨɱɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɬɨʆɫɬɚ ɚɛɤɪɭɱɚɧɵ ɛɪɭɞɧɵɦ ɛɿɧɬɨɦ ɞɨʆɝɿ ɤɚɧɟɰ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɦɚɬɥɹʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɜɟɬɪɭ ɩɚ ɫɤɪɵɜɚʆɥɟɧɵɦ ɩɥɹɱɵ ʆ ɡɹɥɺɧɚɣ ɞɵɹɝɚɧɚɥɟɜɚɣ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɰɵ ɑɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɡɶɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɟʆɲɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɭɠɚɧɚ ʆɫɥɭɯɚʆɫɹ ɿ ɚɞɱɚɣɧɚ ɫɭɪɨɜɚ ɜɵɦɚɜɿʆ ± ɋɬɨɣ Ʉɬɨ ɬɭɬ" ɇɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɋɬɪɟɥɹɸ ©Ⱥɣ ɛɨɠɚɱɤɿ ɦɚɟ ª ± ɩɚɥɚɯɥɿɜɚ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɹɤ ɚɞɚɡɜɚɰɰɚ ɰɿ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɧɟ ɚɞɡɵɜɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɭ ɰɹ ɤɚɰɶ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɬɨɣ ɧɹ ɡɝɥɟɞɡɟʆ ɹɟ ɿ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɪɷɥɿʆ« ± ɀɚɧɱɵɧɤɚ ɹ ɬɭɬɷɣɲɚɹ ± ɞɪɵɝɨɬɤɿɦ ɚɞ ɯɜɚɥɹɜɚɧɶ ɧɹ ɝɨɥɚɫɚɦ ɭɪɷɲɰɟ ɚɞɚɡɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɑɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɡɦɨʆɱɚʆ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɩɟɪɚɫɬɭɩɿʆ ɭ ɬɪɚɧ ɲɷɿ ɚɥɟ ɪɭɤɭ ɡ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚɦ ɧɟ ɚɩɭɫɶɰɿʆ ± ɀɟɧɳɢɧɚ" Ɉɞɧɚ" Ɉɬɜɟɱɚɣ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ ± Ⱦɵɤ ɚɞɧɚ ɠ« ± Ʉɬɨ ɟɳɟ ɟɫɬɶ" ± Ⱦɵɤ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɠ Ⱥɞɧɚ ɜɨ ɿɞɭ ± Ɍ ɚɤ ɉɨɞɨɣɞɢ ɛɥɢɠɟ ± ɫɬɪɨɝɚ ɡɚɝɚɞɚʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɫɬɭɩɚɸɱɵ ɩɚ ɦɹɤɤɿɦ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟɪɵ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɚ ɧɚ ɬɪɵ ɤɪɨɤɿ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ± Ƚɞɟ ɧɟɦɰɵ" ± Ⱥ ɯɬɨ ɠ ɿɯ ɜɟɞɚɟ ɉɚɤɭɥɶ ɲɬɨ ɧɹɦɚ ɬɭɬɚɤɚ ± Ⱥ ɧɚɲɢ" ± Ⱦɵɤ ɿ ɧɚɲɵɯ ɧɹɦɚ ɇɿɞɡɟ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ± Ⱦɚ" ± ɝɥɭɯɚ ɩɪɚɦɨɜɿʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɿ ɚɛɜɹɥɚ ɩɪɵɫɥɚɧɿʆɫɹ ɩɥɹɱɦɿ ɞɚ ɫɶɰɹɧɵ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɫɬɚɹɰɶ ɹɦɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɹɡ ɪɭɱɧɚ ɰɿ ɺɧ ɚɫɥɚɛɟʆ ɚɞ ɪɚɧɵ ɿ ɡɦɨʆɤ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ 14
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɦɚʆɱɚɥɚ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɸɱɵ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɧɟɣɤɭɸ ɫɜɚɸ ɡɚɥɟɠɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɧɟɛɚɪɚɤɿ, ɿ ɩɿɥɶɧɚ ɪɚɡɝɥɹɞɜɚɥɚ ɹɝɨ Ⱥɥɟ ɡɚɛɿɧɬɚɜɚ ɧɵ ɬɜɚɪ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɧɹ ɲɦɚɬ ɞɚɜɚʆ ɺɣ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɯ ɿɛɚ ɰɶɜɺɪ ɞɵɹ ɞɚʆɧɚɜɚɬɚ ɧɹ ɝɨɥɟɧɵɹ ɩɚɲɱɷɧɤɿ ɫɶɜɟɞɱɵɥɿ ɩɪɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɹ ɝɚɞɵ ɞɵ ɧɟɣɤɿɹ ɛɥɿɲɱɚɫɬɵɹ ɡɧɚɱɤɿ ʆ ɱɨɪɧɵɯ ɩɹɬɥɿɰɚɯ ɧɚ ɤɚʆɧɹɪɵ ± ɚɡɧɚɱɚɥɿ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɩɪɨ ɫɬɵ ɧɟ ɪɚɞɚɜɵ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɚɪɦɟɟɰ ɚ, ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɹɤɿ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ± ɀɟɧɳɢɧɚ ɬɵ ɦɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɬɶ ± ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɟɣ ɚɥɟ ɡ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɚɸ ɧɚɬɭɠɧɚɫɶɰɸ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɿ ɡɦɨʆɤ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɪɚɡ ± Ⱦɵɤ ɹ ɠ ɤɚɥɿ ɥɚɫɤɚ ± ɧɿɛɵ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɭɡɪɚɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɋɟ ɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ± ɒɬɨ ɜɚɦ" ± ɑɟɝɨ ɦɧɟ" ± ɩɟɪɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɿ ɫɟʆ ɧɿɛɵ ɪɭɯɧɭʆ ɭ ɞɧɨ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ± ɉɥɨɯɨ ɦɧɟ ȼɨɬ« ɂ ɱɟɝɨ ɥɢɛɨ ɩɨɟɫɬɶ« ± Ⱦɨɛɪɚ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɹ ɡɶɛɟɝɚɸ ɬɭɬ ɧɟɞɚɥɺɤɚ ȼɵ ɩɚɱɚɤɚɣ ɰɟ ± ɇɨ ɱɬɨɛ ɛɟɡ ɨɛɦɚɧɚ ɂ ɧɟ ɜɡɞɭɦɚɣ ɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ Ɂɚɫɬɪɟɥɸ ɜɫɟɯ ± Ⱦɨɛɪɚ ± ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ Ɂ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɣ ɩɚɥɺɝɤɚɣ ɹɧɚ ɲɵɛɚɜɚɥɚ ɩɚ ɤɚɫɚɝɨɪɵɧɟ ʆɝɨɪɭ ɿ ɡɝɚɞɜɚɥɚ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɯɚɰɟ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɵʆ ɚɤɪɚɣ ɱɵɤ ɫɱɚɪɫɶɰɶɜɟɥɚɝɚ ɯɥɟɛɚ ɿ ɩɚʆɱɵɝɭɧɤɚ ɡɜɚɪɚɧɚɣ ɛɭɥɶɛɵ ɡɚ ɡɚɫɥɚɧɤɚɣ« ɋɺɧɶɧɹ ɹɧɚ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɹ ɟɥɚ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɧɹ ɟɥɚ ɿ ʆɱɨɪɚ ɚ ɬɵɹ ɞɧɿ ɧɚɨɝɭɥ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟ ɞɚ ɹɞɵ ɿ ɝɷɬɚ ɧɟɹɤ ɧɟ ɬɭɪɛɚɜɚɥɚ ɹɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɜɨ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɡɚɬɭɪɛɚɜɚɥɚ ± ɱɵɦ ɹɧɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɪɦɿɰɶ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ" Ɇɨɠɚ ɡɜɚɪɵɰɶ ɫɶɜɟɠɚɣ ɛɭɥɶ ɛɚɱɤɿ ɭ ɫɟɧɰɚɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚʆɜɹɞɡɟɪɰɚ ɫɚɥɺɧɵɯ ɚɝɭɪɤɨʆ ɚ ʆ ɤɭɛɥɟ ɹɧɚ ɚɲɱɚɞɠɚɥɚ ɡ ɜɹɫɧɵ ɩɚɪɭ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɚʆ ɺɥɤɚɝɚ ɥɟ ɬɚɲɧɹɝɚ ɫɚɥɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɹɦɭ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɩɚɦɚɝɱɵ ɡ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ Ȭɧ ɠɚ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɩɚɞɨɛɧɚ ɫɶɥɹɩɵ ɞɵɤ ɹɤ ɠɚ ɺɧ ɫɚɦ ɚɞɡɿɧ" Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɞɨɤɬɚɪɚ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɞɡɟ ɬɨɣ ɞɨɤɬɚɪ" Ⱦɚ ɦɹɫɬɷɱɤɚ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ ɞɜɚɰɰɚɰɶ ɞɜɚ ɤɿɥɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɹɤ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɞɚɩɹɰɰɚ" Ⱦɵ ɩɚ ɬɚɤɿɦ ɱɚɫɟ ɰɿ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɬɚɦ ɞɨɤɬɚɪ" ɉɷʆɧɚ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɡ ɜɨɣɫɤɚɦ" Ʉɪɚɟɦ ɛɭɥɶɛɹɧɿɲɱɚ ɹɧɚ ɜɵɛɟɝɥɚ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɠɤɭ ɚɞɤɭɥɶ ɭɠɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɩɚɞɚɰɶ ɞɚ ɹɟ ɩɚɧɿɲɱɚɧɚɣ ɜɺɫɚɱɤɿ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɜɵɝɥɹɞ ɹɤɨɣ ɧɟɚɞɱɷɩɧɚɸ ɫɤɪɭɯɚɣ ɫɶɰɹʆ ɫɷɪɰɚ ± ɫɤɪɨɡɶ ɤɚɦɿɧɵ ɚɛɩɚɥɟɧɵɹ ɞɪɷɜɵ ɱɨɪɧɚɟ ɩɚɠɚɪɵɲɱɚ ɚɞ ɫɹɞɡɿ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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15
ɛɚʆ ɝɭɦɧɚʆ ɯɥɹʆɤɨʆ Ɇɨɠɚ ɹɤɿɯ ɱɚɬɵɪɵ ɰɿ ɩɹɰɶ ɛɭɞɵɧ ɿɧɚʆ ɞɜɚ ɯɥɹʆɤɿ ɥɚɡɶɧɹ ɥɹ ɫɚɠɚɥɤɿ ɿ ɉɟɬɪɚɤɨɜɚ ɜɚɪɵʆɧɹ ɧɚ ɚɝɚɪɨɞɡɟ ɭɫɹɝɨ ɿ ɚɰɚɥɟɥɿ ɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɤɚɧɰɚ ɜɺɫɤɿ Ɂ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɠ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɚɩɪɨɱ ɹɟ ɯɚɬɤɿ ɧɚ ɜɨɞɲɵɛɟ əɲɱɷ ɛɟɝɭɱɵ ɩɚ ɜɵɝɚɧɟ ɹɧɚ ɧɟɫɩɚɞɡɺʆɤɿ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵɥɚ ɬɚɦ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ± ɡɚ ɩɚɪɤɚɧɚɦ ɧɚ ɹɟ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɤɭ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭɥɿ ɞɡɶɜɟ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɿ ɡɶɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɟɥɿ ɫɬɚɥɿ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɭɡɿɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ʆ ɹɟ əɧɚ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ʆɝɥɟɞɡɟ ɥɚɫɹ ɩɿɥɶɧɟɣ ɿ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɩɚɡɧɚɥɚ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɬɨ ɛɵʆ ɫɬɚɪɷɣɲɵ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɚɤ ɭ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɣ ɡ ɤɚɡɵɪ ɤɨɦ ɲɚɩɰɵ ɲɬɨ ɥɟɬɚɫɶ ɤɚɡɚɥɿ ɩɪɵɞɛɚʆ ɭ Ɂɚɯɨɞɧɹɣ ɹɤ ɝɚɧɹʆ ɫɤɚɰɿɧɭ ± ɬɭɬ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɲɚɩɤɿ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿ ʆ ɤɨɝɚ ɏɭɬ ɤɚ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɡɧɚɥɚ ɿ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ± ɹɝɨɧɚɝɚ ɛɪɚɬɚ ȼɿɰɶɤɭ ɹɤɿ ɩɪɵɝɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɲɬɨɫɶɰɿ ɜɚɥɨɤ ɩɚ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɤɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɹɤɚɹ ɯɚɥɟɪɚ ɩɪɵɝɧɚɥɚ ɫɸɞɵ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɿɦ ɫɩɚɬɪɷ ɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɬɭɬ" ± ɩɚɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ əɧɚ ɧɟ ɥɸɛɿɥɚ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɡɪɷɲɬɵ ɹɤ ɧɟ ɥɸɛɿɥɿ ɿɯ ɿ ʆɫɟ ɧɚɜɚɤɨɥɶɧɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɚɞɧɵ ɛ ɚɹɥɿɫɹ ɞɪɭɝɿɹ ɧɟɧɚɜɿɞɡɟɥɿ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɧɹɱɵɫɬɵɯ ɧɚ ɪɭɤɭ ɿ ɧɚ ɞɪɨɛɧɵɹ ʆɱɵɧɤɿ ɩɚɤɚɫɶɧɿɤɚʆ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɝɚɞɨʆ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɬɚɦɭ ɹɧɵ ɪɚɡɥɭɱɵɥɿɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɷɣɲɵ ɩɪɵɫɬɚʆ ɭ ɩɪɵɦɚɤɿ ɞɚ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɦɚɥɚɞɡɿɰɵ ɡ Ʌɹɞɚʆ ɚ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɡɶɟɯɚʆ ɭ Ɉɪɲɭ Ⱦɵ ɜɨ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɡɧɨʆ ɫɵɲɥɿɫɹ« Ⱥɥɟ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɧɹɩɪɨɲɚɧɵɹ ɝɨɫɶɰɿ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɡɝɥɟɞɡɟɥɿ ɹɟ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɤɭ ɿ ɛɵ ɡɥɵɞɧɿ ɧɟɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɩɚɞɚ ɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɡɚɞɵ ɫɶɰɟɠɤɚɣ ɞɚ ɫɚɠɚɥɤɿ əɧɵ ɿ ɧɟ ɯɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɜɚɥɸɯɚɫɬɚ ɤɥɵɩɚɥɿ ɡɪɷɞɱɚɫɭ ɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɹɟ ɿ ʆ ɹɟ ɛɥɚɝɚ ɡɚɧɵɥɚ ɫɷɪɰɚ ɱɚɝɨ ɿɯ ɩɪɵɩɺɪɥɚ ɫɸɞɵ ʆ ɬɚɤɿ ɛɟ ɞɚɥɚɠɧɵ ɱɚɫ" ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ Ɂɚɫɬɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɡɶɧɹ ɦɨɝɥɚ ɩɚɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɡ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚɦ ɭ ɪɭɰɷ ɚ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɩɚɫɬɚɜɿʆ ɹɝɨ ɧɚ ɚɯɨʆɧɿɤ ɿ ɡ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɦ ɧɚɦɚɝɚɧɶɧɟɦ ɭɡɝɪɷɛɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɨɝɿ ɉɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ɺɧ ɚɲɱɚɞɧɚ ɡɚɩɿɯɚʆ ɭ ɤɿɲɷɧɸ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɩɟɪɚɩɷɰɤɚ ɧɵɯ ɭ ɝɪɚɡɿ ɞɵɹɝɚɧɚɥɟɜɵɯ ɛɪɵɞɠɚʆ ɚ ɫɚɦ ɪɚɫɫɬɚɜɿʆɲɵ ʆɛɚɤɿ ɪ ɭɤɿ ɿ ɥɚɩɚɸɱɵ ɿɦɿ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɟɧɚɯ ɰɟɫɧɚɣ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɩɚɛ ɪɵʆ ɞɚ ɧɚɩɚʆɡɚɜɚɥɟɧɚɣ ɧɚɪɵ ± ɭɜɚɯɨɞɭ ʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɫɤɿ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɞɡɟ ɺɧ ɛɹɫɤɨɧɰɚ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɩɪɚɜɚɥɹʆɫɹ ʆ ɤɭɬɤɭ ɧɚ ɧɟɣɱɵɦ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɬɵɦ ɲɵɧɹɥɿ Ȭɧ ɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɡɶɧɹɫɿɥɟɧɚ ɜɵ 16
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɰɹɝɫɹ ɧɚ ɿɦ ɩɪɚɜɵɦ ɛɨɤɚɦ ɭɝɨɪɭ ɤɚɛ ɦɟɰɶ ɩɚɞ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ɹɤɿ ɺɧ ɚɲɱɚɞɠɚʆ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɡɚ ʆɫɺ ɿɧɲɚɟ ɍɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɺɧ ɛɚɹʆɫɹ ʆɩɭɫɶɰɿɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɡ ɪɭɤ ɡɚɩɷɰɤɚɰɶ ɝɪɚɡɺɣ ɛɨ ɤɚɥɿ ɹɧɚ ɬɪɚɩɿɰɶ ɭ ɫɬɜɨɥ ɹɤ ɬɚɞɵ ɺɧ ɫɬɪɷɥɶɧɟ ʆ ɫɚɦɵ ɤɪɵ ɬɵɱɧɵ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ" Ⱥ ɫɬɪɷɥɿɰɶ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɩɪɵɣɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɭ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɮɚɲɵɫɬɚ ɰɿ ʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɫɚɦɨɝɚ ɛɟɡ ɬɚɝɨ ʆɠɨ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɧɟ ɚɛɵɞ ɡɟɰɰɚ ɀɚɯɥɿɜɵ ɜɚɟɧɧɵ ɥɺɫ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɭɲɱɵɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɚɞɜɺʆ ɹɝɨ ɦɟɧɚɜɿɬɚ ɞɚ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɦɚɝɱɵɦɚɫɶɰɿ ɇɿɱɨɝɚ ɥɟɩɲɚ ɝɚ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ əɤ ɧɚɨɝɭɥ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɰɺɬɤɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɫɬɪɵ ɦɚʆɫɹ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɹɛɟ ɩɚɩɪɚɫɿʆ ɟɫɶɰɿ Ɂɚ ɱɚɫ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɚɞɡɿɧɨɬɵ ɿ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɪɚɧɟɧɶɧɹ ɺɧ ɦɚɥɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɲɬɨ ɧɚɩɚɤɭɬ ɜɚʆɫɹ ɞɭɲɨɣ ɿ ɰɟɥɚɦ ɞɵɤ ɹɲɱɷ ɿ ɡɝɚɥɚɞɧɟʆ ɬɚɤ ɲɬɨ ʆɠɨ ɡ ɜɹɥɿɤɚɣ ɧɚɬɭɝɚɣ ɦɨɝ ɭɡɝɪɷɛɫɶɰɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɨɝɿ ɿ ɜɵɩɚʆɡɶɰɿ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ əɝɨ ʆɫɺ ɯɿɫɬɚɥɚ ɛɵ ɩ¶ɹɧɚɝɚ ɤɿɞɚɥɚ ɡ ɛɨɤɭ ʆ ɛɨɤ ɭ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɱɵɝɭɧɧɚ ɝɭɥɨ ɿ ɤɪɭɠɵɥɚɫɹ ± ɚɞ ɫɥɚɛɚɫɶɰɿ ɫɬɪɚ ɬɵ ɤɪɵɜɿ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɚɝɚ ɪɚɧɟɧɶɧɹ Ȭɧ ɞɚʆɧɨ ɫɬɪɚɰɿʆ ɭɫɹɥɹɤɚɟ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɱɚɫɭ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɡɜɵɤɥɚɹ ɡɶɦɟɧɚ ɫɭɬɚɤ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɧɟɞɚɫɬɭɩɧɚɣ ɹɝɨ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɧɶɧɸ ɹɤ ɡɪɷɲɬɵ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɚɫ ɬɚɬɧɹɟ ɲɬɨ ɚɞɛɵɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɜɚɤɨɥ Ɂ ɬɚɝɨ ɦɨɦɚɧɬɭ ɹɤ ɺɧ ɫɭɧɭʆɫɹ ʆ ɬɨɟ ɚɝɧɹɜɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɚɥɶɥɟ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɝɚɫɿɥɚ ɹɝɨɧɭɸ ɫɶɜɹɞɨɦɚɫɶɰɶ ɭɫɺ ɞɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɧɚɛɵɥɨ ɧɨɜɵ ɫɷɧɫ ɰɿ, ɦɨɠɚ ɫɬɪɚɰɿɥɚ ʆɫɹɤɿ ɞɚɫɬɭɩɧɵ ɫɶɜɹɞɨɦɚɫɶɰɿ ɫɷɧɫ ɺɧ ɤɟɩɫɤɚ ɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɲɬɨ ɡ ɿɦ ɚɞɛɵɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɯɬɨ ɥɹ ɹɝɨ" Ɇɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɚɛɨɞɜɚ ɜɨɤɿ ɹɝɨ ɜɵɛɿɥɚ ɜɵɛɭɯɚɦ ɫɤɪɨɧɿ ɿ ɬɜɚɪ ɩɹɤ ɥɨ ɧɟɫɶɰɿɯɚɧɵɦ ɚɝɧɺɦ ɚɥɟ ɬɨɟ ɺɧ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɚ ɬɚɞɵ ɫɶɜɹɞɨɦɚɫɶɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɡɚɬɭɯɥɚ ɧɚ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɧɹɩɷʆɧɵ ɱɚɫ ɧɟɜɹɞɨ ɦɚ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɺɧ ɩɪɚɥɹɠɚʆ ɡɚɫɵɩɚɧɵ ɡɹɦɥɺɣ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɚɥɟ ɤɚɥɿ ɚɩɪɵɬɨɦɧɟʆ ɹɝɨ ʆɠɨ ɩɟɪɚɜɹɡɚɥɿ ± ɰɿ ɧɟ ɫɚɧɿɧɫɬɪɭɤ ɬɚɪ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɭ Ȭɧ ɩɚɱɭʆ ɧɟɞɚɥɺɤɿ ɝɨɥɚɫ ɤɚɦɛɚɬɚ Ƚɥɚɡɵɪɵɧɚ ɹɤɿ ɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɡ ɿɦ ɿ ɬɨɣ ɯɬɨ ɩɟɪɚɜɹɡɜɚʆ ɚɞɤɚɡɚʆ ©ɉɥɨɯɨ ɞɟɥɨ ɝɥɚɡɚª ©ɑɬɨ ɨɛɚ"ª ± ɞɚɧɟɫɥɚɫɹ ɡɞɚɥɹ ©Ɉɛɚ ɬɨɜɚɪɢɳ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɧª Ɍ ɭɬ ɧɟɩɚɞɚɥɺɤ ɝɪɵɦɧɭ ɥɚ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɜɵɛɭɯɚʆ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɡɧɨʆ ɫɵɩɚɧɭɥɚ ɡɹɦɥɺɣ ɿ ɺɧ ɩɚɱɭʆ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɹɤ ɤɚɦɛɚɬ ɡɚɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɧɚ ɧɟɤɚɝɚ ɤɚɛ ɯɭɬɱɷɣ ɚɞɤɪɵɜɚɥɿ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɵ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚɜɚ ɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɩɟɪɚɜɹ ɡɚɥɿ ɩɚɤɥɚʆɲɵ ɩɚ ɤɚɦɹɤɭ ɜɚɬɵ ʆ ɚɛɟɞɡɶɜɟ ɜɚɱɧɿɰɵ ɡ ɹɤɿɯ ɭɫɺ ɩɚʆɡɥɨ ɫɚɱɵɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɫɶɰɹɤɚɸɱɵ ɩɚ ɲɱɨɤɚɯ ɿ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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17
ɩɚɞɛɚɪɨɞɞɡɸ ɿ ɺɧ ɪɚɡ ɩɨɪɚɡ ɜɵɰɿɪɚʆ ɿɯ ɡɚɩɷɰɤɚɧɵɦɿ ʆ ɝɪɚɡɿ ɩɚɥɶɰɚɦɿ ɇɟɯɬɚ ɩɚɦɨɝ ɹɦɭ ɞɚɛɪɵɫɶɰɿ ɞɚ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ɿ ɩɪɵɬɭɥɿɰɰɚ ʆ ɤɭɬɤɭ ɧɚ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɲɵɧɟɥɤɭ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɦɚʆ ɱɚʆ ɧɿ ɩɪɚ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɬɪɵɜɚɸɱɵ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɵ ɛɨɥɶ ɭ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɺɧ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɹ ɫɥɭɯɚʆ ɝ ɪɵɦɨɰɶɰɟ ɛɨɸ ɹɤɨɟ ɧɟɜɹɞɨ ɦɚ ɱɚɦɭ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɩɚɬɪɨɯɭ ɫɶɰɿɯɚɰɶ ɇɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɩɚɰɿɲɷɥɚ ɧɚ ɥɟɜɵɦ ɮɥɚɧɡɟ ɜɵɛɭɯɿ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɩɟɪɚɦɹɫɶɰɿɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɤɚɫɚ ɝɨɪɵɧɭ ɭɛɨɤ ɜɺɫɤɿ Ʌɸɛɚɲɵ ɩɚɪɚɞɡɟɥɚ ɜɿɧɬɨɜɚɱɧɚɟ ɝɪɭ ɤɚɰɟɧɶɧɟ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɚ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ± ɺɧ ɩɟɪɚɫɬɚʆ ɱ ɭɰɶ ɝɚɥɚɫɵ ± ɧɿ ɤɪɵɤɚʆ ɧɿ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɚʆ ɧɿ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɵ əɲɱɷ ɩɪɚɡ ɹɤɭɸ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɭ ɫɬɪɷɥɵ ɱɭɥɿɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɡɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚɦ ± ɞɚɧɨɫɿ ɥɿɫɹ ɞɚɥɶɧɿɹ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɧɵɹ ɱɷ ɪɝɿ ɬɚɦ ɠɚ ɬɚʆɤɥɚ ɱɚɯɚɥɚ ɚɪɬɵɥɟɪɵɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɫɜɚɹ ɰɿ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɚɹ ± ɺɧ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ Ɇɟɧɚɜɿɬɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɹɤ ɫɬɪɚɰɿʆ ɡɪɨɤ ɺɧ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɫɥɭɯɚɰɶ ɭɫɥɭɯɨʆɜɚɰɰɚ ʆ ɝɭɤɿ ɛɨɸ ɤɚɛ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɦɟɪɤɚɜɚɰɶ ɚɛ ɿɦ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɭɥɶ ɠɚ ɹɝɨ ɤɥɨɩɚɬ ɛɵʆ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɿɧɲɵ ± ɹɦɭ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɫɭɜɹɡɶ ɹɤɚɹ ʆɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɝɚɧɟɛɧɚ ɡɶɧɿɤɚɥɚ ɿɪɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɉɪɚɡ ɝɷɬɵ ɩɪɚɤɥɹɬɵ ɤɥɨɩɚɬ ɩɪɚ ɫɭɜɹɡɶ ɺɧ ɿ ɚɩɵɧɭʆɫɹ ɬɭɬ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɭ ɞɡɟ ɹɝɨ ɩɿɥɶɧɚɜɚɥɚ ɧɹɲ ɱɚɫɶɰɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɯɿɛɚ ɺɧ ɦɨɝ ɬɨɟ ɩɪɚɞɛɚɱɵɰɶ" Ɂɶɧɟɪɜɚɜɚɧɵ ɪɚɡɞɪɚɠɧɺɧɵ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɿɤ ɲɬɚɛɚ ɹɤɿ ɤɿɪɚɜɚʆ ɛɨɟɦ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɬɚɝɨ ɹɤ ɭ ɱɨɪɚ ɡɚɛɿɥɚ ɫɧɚɪɚɞɚɦ ɤɚɦɩɚɥɤɚ ɋɨɦɚɜɚ ɫɚɪɜɚ ɧɵɦ ɝɨɥɚɫɚɦ ɩɚɬɪɚɛɚɜɚʆ ɚɞ ɹɝɨ ɫɭɜɹɡɶ ɡ ɩɟɪɲɵɦ ɿ ɞɪɭɝɿɦ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɚɦɿ ɹɤɿɹ ɬɪɷɰɿɹ ɫɭɬɤɿ ɚɞɛɿɜɚɥɿ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɹ ɚɬɚɤɿ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɧɹɞɨʆɝɚɝɚ ɩɟɪɚɩɵɧɤɭ ɫɭɜɹɡɶ ɡ ɩɟɪɲɵɦ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺ ɧɚɦ ɛɵɥɚ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɚɞɧɨʆɥɟɧɚɹ ɚ ɬɷɥɟɮɨɧ ɡ ɞɪɭɝɿɦ ɭɩɚɪɬɚ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɡ ɩɚʆɞɧɹ ɯɨɰɶ ɧɚ ɥɿɧɿɸ ɛɵɥɿ ɩɚɫɥɚɧɵ ɚɠ ɲɚɫɶɰɺ ɪɚ ɫɭɜɹɡɿɫɬɚʆ ɞɵ ɧɿɜɨɞɡɿɧ ɡ ɿɯ ɧɟ ɜɹɪɧɭʆɫɹ Ɂ ɩɚɥɤɚɜɨɝɚ Ʉɉ ɩɚɫɥɚɰɶ ɭɠɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɚɝɨ ɿ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɿɤ ɫɭɜɹɡɿ ɜɵɫɤɚ ɱɵʆ ɩɚɞ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɫɚɦ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɩɚɤ ɥɚɞɡɟ ɿ ɹɝɨ Ⱥɥɟ ɺɧ ɭɠɨ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɱɭɰɶ ɩɚɝɪɨɡɶɥɿɜɚɣ ɥɚɹɧɤɿ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɿɤɚ ɲɬɚɛɭ ɭ ɬɨɣ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɹɦɭ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɠɨ ʆɫɺ ɪɨʆɧɚ ɜɵɠɵɰɶ ɚɛɨ ɡɚɝɿɧɭɰɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɛ ɚɞɧɚɜɿɰɶ ɫɭ ɜɹɡɶ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɫɶɩɹɪɲɚ ɹɦɭ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɩɚɲɱɚɫɶɰɿɥɚ ɺɧ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɰɷɥɵ ɞɚɛɪɚʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɩɟɪɲɚɣ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɭ ɞɜɭɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɯ ɡɪɚɫɶɰɿʆ ɩɟɪɚɛɿɬɵ ɚɫɤɨɥɤɚɦɿ ɩɪɨɜɚɞ ɚɞɧɚɜɿʆ ɫɭɜɹɡɶ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɩɚɫɶ ɩɟʆ ɹɲɱɷ ɞɚɥɚɠɵɰɶ ɩɪɚ ɬɨɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɿɤɭ ɲɬɚɛɭ ɇɟɦɰɵ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɚ ɥɭɩɿɥɿ ɫɧɚɪɚɞɚɦɿ ɩɚ ɤɚɫɚɝɨɪɵɧɟ ɿ ɩɚ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɟ 18
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɚɥɟ ɬɭɬ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɩɚɤɚɣɧɟɣ ɱɵɦ ɧɚ ɝɨɥɵɦ ɩɨɥɿ ɿ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɪɚɲɵʆ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɫɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɩɟɪɲ ɱɵɦ ɜɵɩɪɚʆɥɹɰɰɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ Ɂɧɨʆ ɠɚ ɺɧ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɩɚɛɚɱɵɰɰɚ ɡ ɤɚɦɛɚɬɚɦ ɤɚɛ ɡɚ ɩɵɬɚɰɰɚ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɬɨɣ ɹɲɱɷ ɬɭɬ ɩɪɚɬɪɵɦɚɟɰɰɚ ɡ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺ ɧɚɦ ȱ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɺɧ ɩɪɵɝɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɫɭɧɭʆɫɹ ɡ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ ɹɤ ɰɹɠɤɿ ɡɟɦɥɹɧɵ ɩɥɚɫɬ ɪɚɩɬɨʆɧɚ ʆɡɶɧɹɬɵ ɜɵɛɭɯɚɦ ɚɩɚɧɬɚɧɚ ɚɛɪɵɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɜɚɥɿʆ ɧɚ ɫɶɩɿɧɭ ɿ ɺɧ ɩɚɫɶɩɟʆ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɧɹ ɬɪɚɩɿɥɚ ʆ ɩɨɥɿ ɞɵɤ ɜɨ ± ɞɚɝɧɚɥɚ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɺɧ ɭɠɨ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɹ ɩɚɦɹɬɚʆ ɚɠ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɹɝɨ ɧɹ ɜɵɰɹɝɧɭɥɿ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɡɟɦɥɹɧɨɝɚ ɡɚɜɚɥɭ Ɍ ɪɵɜɚɸɱɵ ɜɨɫɬɪɚ ɩɹɤɭɱɵ ɛɨɥɶ ɭ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɭ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɿ ɱɚɤɚʆ ɤɚɥɿ ɯɨɰɶ ɯɬɨ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɡɚɡɿɪɧɟ ɫɸɞɵ ɤɚɛ ɡɚɩɵɬɚɰɰɚ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɦ ɚɞɛɵɜɚɟɰɰɚ ɞɡɟ ɤɚɦɛɚɬ" Ⱥɥɟ ɿɲɨʆ ɱ ɚɫ ɧɚɩɷʆɧɚ ɭɠɨ ɫɶɰɿɯɚʆ ɛɨɣ ɲɬɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɺɫ ɺɧ ɩɚɥɤɭ ± ɩɟɪɚɦɨɝɭ ɰɿ ɩɚɪɚɠɷɧɶɧɟ" ɚ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɧɟ ɡɚɯɨɞɡɿʆ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ʆ ɫɶɜɹɞɨɦɚɫɶɰɶ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɩɚʆɡɶɰɿ ɫɬɪɚɯ ± ɰɿ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɬɭɬ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɰɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɚɪɦɟɣɰɵ" Ƚɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɚ ɞɚ ɬɚɤɨɝɚ ɫɬɚɧɨ ɜɿɲɱɚ ɺɧ ɛɵʆ ɧɟ ɝɚɬɨɜɵ ɩɪɚ ɬɨɟ ɺɧ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɩɚɞɭ ɦɚɰɶ Ⱥɥɟ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɥɿ ɉɪɚɡ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɜɚɤɨɥ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɫɶɰɿɯɥɚ ɧɹ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɱɭɜɚɰɶ ɧɿɜɨɞɧɚɝɚ ɫɬɪɷɥɭ ɰɿ ɜɵɛɭɯɭ ʆ ɩɨɥɿ ɿ ɧɚɞ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲɱɚɦ ± ɩɚɞɨɛɧɚ ɧɚɫɬɚɥɚ ɧɨɱ Ⱥɥɟ ɞɡɟ ɠ ɧɚɲɵ" Ⱦɡɟ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧ ɞɡɟ ɤɚɦɛɚɬ" Ⱦɡɟ ɯɨɰɶ ɛɵ ɹɤɿ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɚɪɦɟɟɰ" Ⱥɞɡɿɧ ɛɟɡ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝɿ ɡɚɛɵɬɵ ʆɫɿɦɿ ɺɧ ɬɭɬ ɩɪɚɩɚɞɡɟ ɝɷɬɚ ɠ ɩɷʆɧɚ ȼɨɫɶ ɡɶɹɜɹɰɰɚ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɲɩɭɪɧɭɰɶ ɭ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɝɪɚɧɚɬɭ ɹɤɚɹ ʆɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɪɚɡɦɚɬɥɹɟ ɹɝɨɧɵɹ ɜɚɧɬɪɨɛɵ ɩɚɩɟɪɚɛɿɜɚɟ ɪɭɤɿ ɿ ɧɨɝɿ Ⱦ ɨɛɪɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɫɤɚɧɚɟ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɜɨɡɶɦɭɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɠɵɜɵɦ« ɇɚɩɚɤɭɬɜɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɭ ɧɹɩɷʆɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɺɧ ɩɚɞɧɹʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ɞɚɫɥɚʆ ɡ ɦɚɝɚɡɿɧɚ ɩɚɬɪɨɧ ɭ ɩɚɬɪɨɧɶɧɿɤ Ɂɚɫɬɚ ɥɨɫɹ ɞɚɜɨɥɿ ɥɺɝɤɚɟ ± ɧɚɰɿɫɧɭɰɶ ɧɚ ɫɩɭɫɤ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɧɚɡɚʆɠɞɵ ɫɤɨɧɱɵɰɰɚ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɝɷɬɚ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɫɚɦɚɟ ɥɟɩɲɚɟ Ȼɨ ɿɧɚɱɚɣ ɲɬɨ ɠ ɱ ɚɤɚɟ ɹɝɨ ɫɶɥɹɩɨɝɚ ɿ ɛɟɡɞɚɩɚɦɨɠɧɚɝɚ ɚɩɪɨɱ ɩɚɝɿ ɛɟɥɿ ɚɞ ɜɨɪɚɝɚʆ ɰɿ ɚɞ ɫɜɚɟ ɪɚɧɵ ɇɟ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɭɠɨ ɺɧ ɫɚɦ ɉɚɞɧɟɫɶɰɿ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ɞɚ ɛɚɥɸɱɚɣ ɧɹʆɤɥɸɞɧɚ ɬɨʆɫɬɚ ɡɚɛɿɧɬɚɜɚɧɚɣ ɫɤɪɨɧɿ ɿ ɰɿɫɤɚɧɭɰɶ əɤɭɸ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɭ ɛɨɥɸ ʆ ɿ ɛɟɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɩɟɪɚɩɨʆɧɟɧɚɣ ɛɨɥɟɦ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ ± ɧɿɲɬɨ ɉɨʆɧɚɟ ɜɵɡɜɚɥɟɧɶɧɟ ɚɞ ɩɚɤɭɬɚʆ ɿ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɜɚɧɶɧɹʆ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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Ɇɚɛɵɰɶ ɬɚɤ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɧɚɣɥɟɩɟɣ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ȱ ɝɷɬɚ ɩɪɵɣɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɜɨɫɶ ɪ ɚɲɭ ɱɚɫɶɰɿ ɧɚ ɬɨɟ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ɯɚɩɚɥɚ ɭɫɺ ɺɧ ɱɚɝɨɫɶɰɿ ɱɚɤɚʆ ɭɫɥɭ ɯɨʆɜɚʆɫɹ ɰɹɝɧɭʆ ± ɧɿɛɵ ɧɚ ɲɬɨ ɫɩɚɞɡɹɜɚʆɫɹ ɏɿɛɚ ɫɩɚɞ ɡɹɜɚʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɰɭɞ Ⱥɥɟ ɿɲɨʆ ɱɚɫ ɚ ɰɭɞɚ ɧɟ ɚɞɛɵɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɺɧ ɥɚɹʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɚɛɡɵɜɚʆ ɛɚɹɤɚɦ ɫɶɥɿɡɶɧɹɤɨɦ ± ɺɧ ɭɠɨ ɫɹɛɟ ɧɟɧɚɜɿɞɡɟʆ ɡɚ ɫɜɚɸ ɧɟɪɚɲɭɱɚɫɶɰɶ ȱ ɧɭɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɩɚɤɭɬɜɚʆ ɚɞ ɛɨɥɸ ɿ ɛɟɡɜɵɯɨɞɧɚɫɶɰɿ Ȼɹɫɤɨɧɰɚ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɰɹɝɧɭʆɫɹ ɱɚɫ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɡɦɚɝɚʆɫɹ ɡ ɛɨɥɟɦ ɿ ɬɨ ɡɚɛɵɜɚʆɫɹ ɬɨ ɝɭɛɥɹʆ ɩɪɵɬɨɦɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɦɨɠɚ ɧɚ ɜɚɬ ɡɶɧɹɫɿɥɟɧɵ ɛɨɥɟɦ ɞɪɚɦɚʆ ɬɨ ʆɫɯɨɩɥɿɜɚʆɫɹ ɫɥɭɯɚʆ ɑɚɫɚɦ ɪɚɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɯɨɥɚɞɧɚ ɰɿ ɝɷɬɚ ɹɝɨ ɡɧɚɛɿɥɚ ɰɟɥɚ ɛɿɥɚ ɞɪɵɠɚɤɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɫɩɪɚɛɚɜɚʆ ɯɨɰɶ ɹɤ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɫɚɝɪɷɰɰɚ ɡɚɯɿ ɧɭɰɰɚ ɲɵɧɹɥɺɦ ɧɚ ɹɤɿɦ ɥɹɠɚʆ Ɍ ɨ ɪɚɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɝɨɪɚɱɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɩɚɰɟʆ ɚɛɥɿɜɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɝɚɪɚɱɵɦ ɩɨɬɚɦ Ɇɿɧɭʆ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɧɟ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɯɨɰɶ ɺɧ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɚɞɪɨɡɶɧɿɰɶ ɞɧɹ ɚɞ ɧɚɱɵ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɧɿɧɚ ɞɚʆɧɨ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɜɚɤɨɥ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɿɯɚ ɿ ɝɥɭɯɚ ɛɵ ʆ ɩɚɞɡɹɦɟɥɶɥɿ Ȭɧ ɿ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɛɵʆ ɭ ɩɚɞɡɹɦɟɥɶɥɿ ɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɚɞ ɞɚɪɨɝ ɭ ɩɨɥɿ ɩɚɞ ɜɺɫɤɚɣ ɡ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɩɚɦɹɬɧɚɸ ɞɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɥɚɫɤɚɜɚɣ ɧɚɡɜɚɣ ± Ʌɸɛɚɲɵ ɇɟɹɤ ɺɧ ɩɪɚɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɝɭɥɭ ɲɬɨ ɝɥɭɯɚɜɚɬɚɣ ɦɚɝɭɬɧɚɸ ɯɜɚɥɹɣ ɚɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɩɥɵʆ ɭ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɚɥɟ, ɩɚɫɥɭɯɚʆɲɵ ɺɧ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɝɭɞɡɟ ɧɚ ɲɚɲɵ ɡɚ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲ ɱɚɦ ɒɚɲɚ ɛɪɭɤɚɜɚɧɤɚ ɛɵɥɚ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɞɚɥɟɤɚɜɚɬɚ ɚɞ ɭɱɚɫɬ ɤɭ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɭ ɺɧ ɝɷɬɚ ɩɚɦɹɬɚʆ ɡ ɤɚɪɬɵ ɹɤɭɸ ɬɪɵ ɦɚʆ ɭ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɧɚ Ʉɉ ɹɲɱɷ ɤɚɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɥɚɞɡɿɥɿ ɬɭɬ ɚɛɚɪɨɧɭ ɒɤɚɞɚ ɬɚɞɵ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɧɚɞɬɚ ɰɿɤɚɜɿʆɫɹ ɧɚɜɚɤɨɥɶɥɟɦ ɧɟ ɩɚɝ ɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɞɡɟ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɵɥɿ ɜɺɫɤɿ ɏɚɰɹ ɲɬɨ ɹɦɭ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɜɺɫɤɿ ɯɿɛɚ ɺɧ ɞɨɣɞɡɟ ɞɚ ɿɯ« ɇɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ ʆɠɨ ɰɿ ɺɧ ɫɩɚʆ ɰɿ ɥɿɩɟʆ ɧɚ ɦɹɠɵ ɫɬɪɚɬɵ ɩɪɵɬɨɦɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɚɥɟ ɧɟɹɤ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɩɚɱɭʆ ɛɥɿɡɤɿɹ ɚɞ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɤɪɨɤɿ ɿ ɫɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ɋɥɭɯɚʆ ɡ ɞɪɵɝɨɬɤɿɦ ɫɷɪɰɚɦ ɭ ɝɪɭɞɡɹɯ ɱɚɤɚɸɱɵ ɩɚɱɭɰɶ ɝ ɚɥɚɫɵ ɤɚɛ ɞɚɡɧɚɰɰɚ ± ɯɬɨ" Ⱦɵ ɧɟ ɩɚɱɭʆ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɐɿɯɿɹ ɤɪɨɤɿ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɹɤɿ ɧɿɛɵ ɤɪɚɞ ɡɟɰɰɚ ɫɩɵɧɹɟɰɰɚ ɫɥɭɯɚɟ ɱɭɥɿɫɹ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɚɞ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ɧɚ ɬɵɥɶɧɵɦ ɛɚɤɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɿ ɺ ɧ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚʆɫɹ ɲɬɨ ʆɩɭɫɶɰɿɰɶ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɪɷɞɤɭɸ ɦɚɝɱɵɦɚɫɶɰɶ ɚɡɜɚɰɰɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɹɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɿ ɚɡɜɚɰɰɚ" Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɬɚɦ ɧɟɦɟɰ" 20
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ȱ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɫɬɪɵɜɚʆ ɡ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚɦ ɭ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɜɵɩɚʆɡ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ ɭɩɿɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ʆ ɦɨɤɪɵɹ ɫɶɰɟɧɵ ɩɥɹɱɦɿ ɿ ɥɨɤ ɰɹɦɿ ɧɟɹɤ ɭɫɬɚʆ ɧɚ ɧɨɝɿ ɿ ɩɚɞɚʆ ɝɨɥɚɫ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɬɨɣ ɹɝɨ ɝɨɥɚɫ ɩɪɚɝɭɱɚʆ ɪɨɫɩɚɱɧɚ ɿ ɛɟɡɞɚɩɚɦɨɠɧɚ ɯɨɰɶ ɺɧ ɿ ɫɬɚ ɪɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɞɚɰɶ ɹɦɭ ɫɿɥɵ ɿ ɪɚɲɭɱɚɫɶɰɿ ɿ ɺɧ ɧɚɪɵɯɬɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɫɬɪɷɥɿɰɶ Ⱦɵ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɺɧ ɧɿɛɵ ɩɪɵɞɛɚʆ ɧɚɞɡɟɸ ɿ ʆɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɹɟ Ȭɧ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɛɚɹʆɫɹ ɤɚɛ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚ ɧɟ ɚɲɭɤɚɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ɧɚɩɚɥɨ ɯɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɶɥɹɩɨɝɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɛ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɦɚɝɥɚ əɤ ɹɧɚ ɦɚɝɥɚ ɹɦɭ ɩɚɦɚɝɱɵ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɧɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɺɧ ɩɪɚɫɿʆ ɟɫɶɰɿ ɛɨ, ɚɫɥɚ ɛɟɥɵ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɪɚɰɹɝɧɟ ɞɨʆɝɚ Ȭɧ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɫɤɚɧɚɟ ɬɭɬ ɭ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɧɚɪɵ ɩɟɪɲ ɱɵɦ ɹɝɨ ɡɧɨɣɞɭɰɶ ɫɜɚɟ ɰɿ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɰɿ ɺɧ ɧɚɜɚɠɵɰɰɚ ʆɪɷɲɰɟ ɩɭɫɶɰɿɰɶ ɫɚɛɟ ɤɭɥɸ ʆ ɥɨɛ Ƚɷɬɚ ʆɠɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɛɪɵɞɤɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɩɚ ɞɭɪɧɨ ɦɭ ɇɭ ɚɥɟ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɦɨɝ ɧɟɜɿɞɭɲɱɵ" ɐɿ ɺɧ ɫɚɦ ɜɵɛɪɚʆ ɫɚɛɟ ɝ ɷɬɵ ɥɺɫ" Ȭɧ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɫɬɚʆ ɹɝɨɧɚɣ ɚɯɜɹɪɚɣ ± ɧɟɞɚɪɷɱ ɧɚɣ ɤɪɵʆɞɧɚɣ ɚɯɜɹɪɚɣ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɩɨʆɧɿɰɶ ɿ ɛɟɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɧɟɦɚɥɵ ɫɶɩɿɫ ɚɯɜɹɪɚʆ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɜɹɥɿɤɚɣ ɜɚɣɧɵ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ Ⱥɞɱɭʆɲɵ ɛɥɚɝɨɟ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɪɵɛɟɝɥɚ ɧɚ ɫɜɨɣ ɩɚɪɭɣ ɧɚɜɚɧɵ ɚɛɪɨɫɥɵ ɛɵɥɶɧɹɝɨɦ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɚɤ ɿ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ʆɛɚɱɵɥɚ ɪɚɫɱɵɧɟɧɵɹ ɞɡɶɜɟɪɵ ʆ ɫɟɧɰɵ ɍɫɺ ɠ ɞɡɶɜɟɪɵ ɹɧɚ ɡɚɱɵ ɧɹɥɚ ɹɤ ɿɲɥɚ ɪɚɧɿɰɚɣ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɬɵɹ ɬɚɦ ɩɚɛɵɜɚɥɿ ɋɟɪɚ ɮɿɦɤɚ ɤɿɧɭɥɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɚɤ ɪɵɞɥɺʆɤɭ ɭɛɟɝɥɚ ʆ ɰɟɦɧɚɜɚ ɬɵɹ ɫɟɧɰɵ ɿ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɤɿɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɞɚ ɤɭɛɺɥɤɚ ɞɡɟ ʆ ɡɪɭɞɡɟɥɵɦ ɫɥɚɿ ɫɨɥɿ ɹɧɚ ɡ ɡɿɦɵ ɚɲɱɚɞɠɚɥɚ ɞɜɚ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɿ ɫɚɥɚ Ⱦɵ ɞɡɟ ɬɚɦ ɉɨɛɚɱ ɧɚ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɜɚɥɹɥɚɫɹ ɫɱɚɪɧɟɥɚɟ ɜɟɱɤɚ ɚ ʆ ɤɭɛɺ ɥɚɱɤɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɭɫɬɚ ± ɚɞɧɚ ɫɨɥɶ ɧɚ ɫɩɨɞɡɟ Ɂɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɩɚɛ ɪɚɥɿ ɤɚɛ ɿɯ ɩɚɛɪɚɥɚ ɤɪɵɜɚʆɤɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ʆɫɤɨɱɵɥɚ ʆ ɫɜɚɸ ɰɟɫɧɭɸ ɫɶɰɸɞɡɺɧɭɸ ɯɚɬ ɤɭ ɛɪɚɡɧɭɥɚ ɡɚɫɥɚɧɤɚɣ ɑɵɝɭɧɨɤ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɧɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɵɦ ɦɟɫ ɰɵ ʆ ɜɵɫɬɵɥɚɣ ɩɟɱɵ ɛɭɥɶɛɚɱɤɭ ɹɧɵ ɧɟ ʆɡɹɥɿ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɹɧɚ ɡɜɵɤɥɚ ɬɭɡɚɧɭɥɚ ɫɚ ɲɤɚɮɱɵɤɚ ɲɭɮɥɹɞɤɭ ± ɚɤɪɚɣɱɵɤ ɬɚɤ ɫɚɦɚ ɛɵʆ ɬɚɦ ± ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɱɵɦ ɩɚɤɚɪɦɿɰɶ ɱɚ ɥɚɜɟɤɚ Ɍ ɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɩɚɱɚɥɚ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɰɰɚ ʆ ɩɨɥɟ ɡɚɜɹɡɚɥɚ ʆ ɫɬɚ ɪɭɸ ɯɭɫɶɰɿɧɤɭ ɦɿɫɤɭ ɡ ɜɵɜɚɥɹɧɚɣ ɭ ɹɟ ɛɭɥɶɛɚɣ ɡɶɜɟɪɯɭ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɧɚ ɹɤɭɸ ɩɚɤɥɚɥɚ ɚɤɪɚɣɱɵɤ ɿ ɞɜɚ ɫɚɥɺɧɵɹ ɝɭɪɤɿ ɡ ɝɚɪɥɚɱɚ ± ɩɚɟɫɶɰɿ ɝɚɥɨɞɧɚɦɭ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɭ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɲɬɨ ɯɨɩɿɰɶ Ⱥ ɬɚɦ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ əɧɚ ɞɭɠɚ ɫɶɩɹɲɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɿɛɵ ɛɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɫɩɨɡɶɧɿɰɰɚ ɧɟ ʆɪɚɬɭɟ ɧɟɛɚɪɚɤɭ ɩɚɩɪɚɜɿɥɚ ɯɭɫɬɤɭ ɧɚ ɝɚ ɥɚɜɟ ɿ ɜɵɛɟɝɥɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɚɤ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɚʆ ɭ ɠɨ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ± ɦɨɠɚ ɩɚɣɲɥɿ ɧɚ ɫɜɨɣ ɯɭɬɚɪ ɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɞɡɟ ɹɲɱɷ ɫɧɨʆɞɚɸɰɶ ɩɚ ɩɚɠɚɪɵɲɱɚɯ Ɍ ɭɬ ɹɧɚ ʆɩɟɪɲɵɧɸ ɩɚɞɭɦɚ ɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɩɪɚ ɹɟ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɚɪɦɟɣɰɚ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɜɿɧɟɧ ɜɟɞɚɰɶ ɬɵɦ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɡɥɵɞɧɿ ɚɞ ɹɤɿɯ ɭɫɹɝɨ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɦɨɠɧɚ əɲɱɷ ɞɚɤɚɠɭɰɶ ɧɟɦɰɚɦ ɬɚɞɵ ɯɬɨ ɜɟɞɚɟ ɲɬɨ ɛɭɞɡɟ ȱ ɹɦɭ ɿ ɺɣ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ Ɂɧɨʆ ɭɫɱɵɧɚʆɫɹ ɞɪɨɛɧɵ ɫɶɰɸɞɡɺɧɚɜɚɬɵ ɞɨɠɞɠɵɤ ɡ ɡɚɯɨɞɧɿɦ ɜɟɬɪɚɦ ɭ ɩɨɥɿ ɛɵɥɨ ɯɨɥɚɞɧɚ ɚɥɟ ɹɧɚ ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɥɚ ɫɶɰɸɠɭ ɹɧɚ ɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɛɟɝɥɚ ɫɶɩɹɪɲɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɚɣ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɩɟɪɚɤɚɩɚɧɭɸ ɫɧɚɪɚɞɚɦɿ ɤɚɫɚɝɨɪɵɧɭ ɞɚ ɬɚɪ ɮɹɧɿɲɱɚ ȼɚɪɨɧɤɿ ʆ ɧɿɡɤɿɯ ɦɹɫɶɰɿɧɚɯ ɭɠɨ ɫɬɚɥɿ ɧɚɛɿɪɚɰ ɰɚ ɜɚɞɨɣ ± ɦɭɬɧɚ ɱɨɪɧɚɣ ɜɚɞɨɣ ɧɚ ɞɧɟ ɭ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɹɧɚ ʆɛɚ ɱɵɥɚ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɩɚɞɨɛɧɚɟ ɧɚ ɚɞɡɟɠɵɧɭ ɯɨɰɶ ɝɷɬɚ ɦɨɝ ɛɵɰɶ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɹɤɿ ɧɿɛɵɬɚ ɩɥɚɜɚʆ ɬɚɦ ɭɜɟɫɶ ɭ ɜɚɞɡɟ ɿ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɹɝɨɧɚɹ ɫɶɩɿɧɚ ɜɵɬɵɪɤɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɚɜɟɪɯɧɿ ɋɩɚɥɨɯɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɹɧɚ ɲɚɫɧɭɥɚ ʆɛɨɤ ɜɵɛɟɝɥɚ ɞɚ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɿ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɛɥɵɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɦ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɣɧɚɣ ɤɪɚɩɚɧɰɵ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɡɧɚɣɲɥɚ ɡɧɚɺɦɵ ɡ ɩɚɛɥɹɤɥɚɣ ɞɡɹɪɧɿɧɵ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɤ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵʆ ɬɨɣ ɫɚɦɵ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ Ⱥɥɟ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɹɟ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɧɟ ɫɭɫɬɪɚɤɚʆ ɡɟʆɪɚʆ ɱɚɪɧɚ ɬɨɣ ɧɿɡɤɚɜɚɬɵ ʆɜɚɯɨɞ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɰɿɯɚ ɩɚɤɥɿɤɚɥɚ ± ɐɿ ɜɵ ɬɭɬɚɤɚ" ɇɟ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ʆ ɚɞɤɚɡ ɩɚɱɭʆɫɹ ɫɬɪɵɦɚɧɵ ɫɬɨɝɧ ɹɤɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɭɫɬɪɵɜɨɠɵʆ ɹɟ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɥɟɞɡɶɜɟ ɚɞɨɥɶɜɚɸɱɵ ɫɬɪɚɯ ɩɚɥɟɡɥɚ ʆ ɰɟɦɪɵɜɚ ± Ʉɚɡɚɥɿ ɟɫɶɰɿ« Ⱦɵɤ ɜɨ ɩɪɵɧɟɫɥɚ ɛɭɥɶɛɚɱɤɿ« ɑɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɩɥɚɫɬɨɦ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɭ ɤɭɬɤɭ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɚɫɥɚɧɵɦ ɲɵ ɧɹɥɿ ɭ ɩɪɵɰɟɦɤɚɯ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɛɹɥɟʆ ɹɝɨ ʆɯɭɬɚɧɵ ɛɿɧɬɚɦɿ ɬɜɚɪ ± ȼɚɞɵ ɦɧɟ« ± ȼɚɞɵ" ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɜɿɧɚɜɚɬɚ ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɩɪɚ ɜɚɞɭ ɹɧɚ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɚ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɹɧɚ ɧɟɫɥɚ ɟɫɶɰɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɤɚɥɿ ɯɜɨɪɵ ɩɚɪɚɧɟ ɧɵ ɞɵɤ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɜɚɞɵ ɹɤ ɠɚ ɹɧɚ ɧɟ ɞɚʆɦɟɥɚɫɹ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ" ȼɚɧɞɡɷɥɚɱɚɤ ɡ ɦɿɫɤɚɣ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɚ ɫɚɦɚ 22
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɜɵɩɚʆɡɥɚ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ ɡɝɚɞɜɚɸɱɵ ɞɡɟ ɠ ɬɭɬ ɭɡɹɰɶ ɜɚɞɵ" Ⱥɩɪɨɱ ɥɭɠɵɧɚʆ ɭ ɜɚɪɨɧɤɚɯ ɞɵ ɧɚ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲɱɵ ɿɧɲɚɣ ɜɚɞɵ ɬɭɬ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɟɝɱɵ ɞɚɦɨʆ Ⱦɡɟ ɤɪɨɤɚɦ ɚ ɞɡɟ ɿ ɩɨɞɛɟɝɚɦ ɹɧɚ ɚɞɨɥɟɥɚ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɭɸ ɤɚɫɚɝɨɪɵɧɭ ɞɚɛɟɝɥɚ ɞɚ ɛɭɥɶɛɹɧɿɲɱɚ ɬɭɬ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɫɩɚɤɚɣ ɧɟɣ Ⱦɨɠɞɠɵɤ ɭɫɺ ɫɵɩɚʆ ± ɞɪɨɛɧɵ ɚɥɟ ɧɟɫɶɰɿɯɚɧɵ ɹɧɚ ʆɠɨ ɧɹɦɚɥɚ ɚɛɦɨɤɥɚ ± ɿ ɤɭɪɬɤɚ ɿ ɫɩɚɞɧɿɰɚ ɛɨɫɵɦ ɧɚɝɚɦ ɞɨɠɞɠ ɛɵʆ ɧɹ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɵ ɝɨɪɲ ɲɬɨ ɧɚɦɨɤɥɚ ɯɭɫɶɰɿɧɤɚ ± ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɰɺɩɥɚɣ ɯɭɫɶɰɿɧɤɿ ʆ ɹɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ əɲɱɷ ɡɞɚɥɹ ɹɧɚ ʆɝɥɟɞɡɟɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɚɤ ɡɚ ɜɿɲɚɧɶɧɿɤɚɦ ± ɧɟ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɬɚɦ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɋɭɫɟɞɫɤɚɹ ɯɚɬɚ ʆɫɹ ɡɝɚɪɷɥɚ ɞɚ ɬɥɚ ɿ ɛɭɞɵɧɤɿ ɿ ɫɶɜɿɪɚɧ ɯɥɹʆɤɿ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɥɚɬɵ ɞɵ ɱɨɪɧɚɹ ɚɝɪɚɦɚɞɧɚɹ Ⱥɯɪɷɦɚɜɚ ɩɟɱ ɡ ɡɚɤɚɩɰɟ ɥɵɦ ɤɨɦɿɧɚɦ ɧɟɣɤɿɹ ɩɚɬɚɪɱɚɤɿ ʆ ɜɚɪɵʆɧɿ ɇɚ ɝɚɪɨɞɡɟ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɰɿɯɚ ɩɚɝɨɣɞɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɟɬɪɵ ɩɨɱɚɩɤɚ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɚ ɩɚɯɿ ɥɚɝɚ ɚɫɶɜɟɪɚ ɧɚɞ ɿɯ ɫɭɦɟɫɧɵɦ ɤɚɥɨɞɡɟɠɚɦ Ɍ ɚɦ ɩɚɜɿɧɧɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɿ ɜɹɞɪɨ ɝɚɪɥɚɱ ɠɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ʆɡɹɥɚ ɫɜɨɣ ɭ ɫɟɧɰɚɯ ɿ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɟɠɰɵ ɩɚɛɟɝɥɚ ɞɚ ɫɭɫɟɞɫɤɚɝɚ ɩɚɠɚɪɵɲɱɚ ɧɚ ɹɤɿɦ ɹɲɱɷ ɞɡɟ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɫɥɚɛɚ ɞɵɦɟɥɚ ɧɚ ɤɭɱɚɯ ɜɭɝɨɥɶɥɟ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɭ ɞɨɠɞɠ ɡɛɥɿɡɤɭ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɤɪɭɲɧɹ ɤɚɦɟɧɶɧɹ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɛɵɥɨɣ ɚɫɟɰɿ ɞɵ ʆ ɜɚɪɵʆɧɿ ɡɚɤɿɞɚɧɵɹ ɝɚɥɚɜɟɲɤɚɦɿ ɧɚ ɪɚ ɧɟɣɲɵɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ Ⱥɯɪɷɦɚɜɵ ɠɨɪɧɵ ɧɚ ɹɤɿɯ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɧɹɦɚɥɚ ɩɚɦɚɥɨɥɚ ɡɛɨɠɠɚ ɋɜɚɿɯ ɠɨɪɧɚʆ ɭ ɹɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɀɨɪɧɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɚɛɝɚɪɷɥɿ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɡ ɪɚɠɤɨʆ ɞɪɚʆɥɹɧɚɝɚ ɠɨɥɚ ɛɭ ɚ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɦɹɧɿ ɛɵɥɿ ɰɷɥɵɹ ɿ ɝɚɬɨɜɵɹ ɞɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɧɚɥɿɥɚ ɠɛɚɧ ɜɚɞɵ ɡ ɤɚɥɨɞɡɟɠɭ ɿ ɩɚ ɧɚɞ ɩɥɨɬɚɦ ɡɧɨʆ ɩɚɲɵɛɚɜɚɥɚ ʆ ɩɨɥɟ ɍ ɝɷɬɵ ɪɚɡ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɹɧɚ ɡɧɚɣɲɥɚ ɯɭɬɱɷɣ ɱɵɦ ɧɚɞɨɟ ɱɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɡɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɡɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɲɵ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɬɧɵ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɱɚɤ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɬɨɹɱɵ ʆ ɞɭɲɵ ɫɬɪɚɯɚɜɿɬɭɸ ɧɟɫɩɚɞɡɹɜɚɧɤɭ ɭɥɟɡɥɚ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɡ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɉɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ɹɤ ɿ ɪɚɧɟɣ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɧɚ ɫɶɩɿɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɚɞɪɵɜɿɫɬɚ ɩɪɚɦɨɜɿʆ ɹɤ ɩɚɱɭʆ ɹɟ ± Ɍ ɺɬɤɚ" ± Ⱥɧɹɝɨɠ ȼɨ ɜɚɞɡɿɰɵ ɜɚɦ Ʉɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɜɵɰɹɝ ɪɭɤɭ ɡ ɪɚɫɬɚɩɵɪɚɧɵɦɿ ɩɚɥɶɰɚɦɿ ɭ ɹɤɿɹ ɹɧɚ ʆɤɥɚɥɚ ɲɵɣɤɭ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɠɛɚɧɤɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɞ ɧɹʆɲɵɫɹ ɝɥɵɧɭʆ ɜɚɞɵ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɚɛɥɺɝɫɹ ɩɥɹɱɦɿ ɧɚ ɡɹɦɥɸ ± ɋɩɚɫɢɛɨ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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əɧɚ ɩɟɪɚɧɹɥɚ ɡ ɹɝɨɧɵɯ ɪɭɤ ɠɛɚɧɨɤ ɿ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɤɭɞɵ ɬɭɬ ɩɪɵɬɤɧɭɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɬɪɵɦɚɥɚ ɥɹ ɫɹɛɟ ± Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɬɵ ɢ ɫɩɚɫɟɲɶ ɦɟɧɹ ɬɺɬɤɚ" ± ɩɚɦɚʆɱɚʆɲɵ ɝɚɪɨɬɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ± Ⱦɵɤ ɤɚɛ ɠɚ ɹɤ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ± ɥɺɝɤɚ ɚɡɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɹɧɚ ɫɬɨɹɱɵ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɿɦ ɧɚ ɤɚɥɟɧɹɯ ± ȼɨɫɶ ɬɭɬ ɩɚɟɫɶɰɿ ɜɚɦ ɯ ɥɟɛɰɚ ɿ ɛɭɥɶɛɚɱɤɿ ɇɟ ɫɤɪɚɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɺɧ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɜɵɰɹɝ ɞɚ ɹɟ ɪɭɤɭ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɞɚɥɚ ɹɦɭ ɚɤɪɚɣɱɵɤ ɡɚɬɵɦ ɭ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ ɪɭɤɭ ʆɤɥɚɥɚ ɩɚɪɭ ɫɶɰɸɞɡɺɧɵɯ ɩɚɡɚʆɱɚɪɚɲɧɿɯ ɛɭɥɶɛɿɧɚʆ Ʉɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɡ ɝɚ ɬɨʆɧɚɫɶɰɸ ʆɫɺ ʆɡɹʆ ɚɥɟ ɬɭɬ ɠɚ ɡɶɧɹɦɨɝɥɚ ɚɩɭɫɶɰɿʆ ɧɚ ɠɵɜɨɬ ɡɚɧɹɬɵɹ ɯɚɪɱɚɦ ɪɭɤɿ ± ɋɩɚɫɢɛɨ ɜɚɦ ± Ⱦɵɤ ɩɚɠɚɥɚɫɬɚ Ⱦɚɪɭɣɰɟ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɧɹɦɚ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ Ȼɵɥɨ ɫɚɥɚ ɞɵɤ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɿ ɡɚɛɪɚɥɿ ± Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɉɢɥɢɩɺɧɤɢ" ± Ⱥ ɛɥɚɝɿɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ Ɍ ɭɬɷɣɲɵɹ ± Ȼɥɚɝɢɟ" ± Ⱥɝɚ Ⱦɭɠɚ ɤɟɩɫɤɿɹ ɉɪɨɫɬɚ ɧɹɥɸɞɫɤɿɹ Ʉɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɩɚɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɿ ɭɫɺ ɧɟ ɩɚɞɧɿɦɚɸɱɵ ɪɭɤ ɡ ɟɠɚɣ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ± Ⱥ ɬɵ ɤɬɨ ɠɟ ɛɭɞɟɲɶ" ± Ⱦɵ ɛɚɛɚ Ʉɚɥɝɚɫɶɧɿɰɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚɣ ɡɚɜɭɰɶ ± ɇɭ ɱɬɨ ɠ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ ɋɟɪɚɮɢɦɚ" ɋɟɦɶɹ ɭ ɬɟɛɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ" ± ɇɟ ɚ Ⱥɞɧɚ ɹ ± Ɉɞɧɚ" ± Ⱥɞɧɚ Ⱥɞɡɿɧɨɤɚɹ ± ɫɭɦɧɚ ɩɪɵɡɧɚɥɚɫɹ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ± ȼ Ʌɸɛɨɲɚɯ ɠɢɜɺɲɶ" ± ɍ Ʌɸɛɚɲɚɯ ɚɝɚ ɉɚɩɚɥɿɥɿ Ʌɸɛɚɲɵ ɚɞɧɵ ɝ ɚɥɚɜɟɲɤɿ ɚɫɬɚɥɿɫɹ ± Ⱦɚ ɚ ± ɪɚɡɞɭɦɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɿ ɡɦɨʆɤ əɧɚ ɬɚɤ ɫɚɦɚ ɦɚʆɱɚɥɚ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɹɲɱɷ ± Ɍ ɵ ɧɢɤɨɦɭ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ« ɉɪɨ ɦɟɧɹ ɉɨɧɢɦɚɟɲɶ" ± ɫɤɚ ɡɚʆ ɺɧ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ± Ⱥɧɹɝɨ ɠ ə ± ɧɿɤɨɦɭ ± Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɹ ɩɨɩɪɚɜɥɸɫɶ ɟɳɟ Ⱥ ɬɚɦ« ɉɨɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ± Ⱦɵɤ ɩɚɩɪɚʆɥɹɣɰɟɫɹ ə ɜɚɦ ɛɭɞɭ ɧɚɫɿɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɬɪɷɛɚ ± ɋɩɚɫɢɛɨ ɬɺɬɤɚ ȼɢɞɧɨ ɯɨɪɨɲɚɹ ɬɵ ɞɭɲɚ ± ɩɪɚɧɿɤ 24
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɧɺɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɥɟɞɡɶɜɟ ɫɬɪɵɦɚɥɚɫɹ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɡɚɩɥɚɤɚɰɶ ɚɞ ɩɚɯɜɚɥɵ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɧɟɛɚɪɚɤɿ ± Ⱦɨɤɬɚɪɚ ɛ ɜɚɦ Ⱦɵ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɬɭɬ« ± Ⱦɚ ɞɨɤɬɨɪɚ« ɇɨ ɧɚɜɟɪɧɨ ɭɜɵ Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɟɫɥɢ ɛɵ ɤɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɫɬɜɚ« ɂɡ ɩɪɟɠɧɟɝɨ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɋɜɹɡɚɬɶɫɹ ɱɬɨɛ ± Ʉɚɛ ɠɚ ɛ ɵʆ ɯɬɨ ± ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɹɧɚ ± Ⱥ ɬɨ ʆ Ʌɸɛɚɲɚɯ ɧɿ ɛɪɵɝɚɞɡɿɪɚ ɧɿ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɿ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɹ ɞɵɤ ɭ ɋɭɞɡɿɥɚɜɿɱɚɯ ɠɵʆ ɉɚɪɰɟɣɧɵ Ⱥɥɟ ɰɿ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɰɹɩɟɪ" ± Ⱦ ɚ ɚ« ȼɫɺ ɪɭɯɧɭɥɨ Ʉɚɤ ɜ ɩɪɨɪɜɭ« ɇɟɦɰɟɜ ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟɬ" ± ɉɚɤɭɥɶ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ Ɇɨɠɚ ɚɛɵɞɭɰɶ" ± ɇɟɬ ɧɟ ɨɛɨɣɞɭɬ ɋɤɨɪɨ ɩɨɹɜɹɬɫɹ ± ɜɵɞɵɯɧɭʆ ɏɥɟɛ ɧɿɤɚʆ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɬɪɭɞɧɚ ɿ ɧɚɞɨʆɝɚ ɡɦɨʆɤ Ɇɨɠɚ ɺɧ ɡɚɫɧɭʆ ɰɿ ɡɚɛɵʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɹɟ ɬɭɬ ɩɪɵɫɭɬɧɚɫɶɰɶ ± ɜɟɞɚɦɚ ɱ ɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɛɹɡ ɡɪɨɤɭ ± ɿ ɹɧɚ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɚ ɰɿɯɟɧɶɤɚ ɛɵ ɦɵɲɤɚ ɫɬɚɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɿɱɵɦ ɧɟ ɩɚɬɪɵɜɨɠɵɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɏɥɟɛ ɿ ɛɭɥɶɛɿɧɵ ɺɧ ɭɫɺ ɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɭ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɚɥɟ ɧɿ ɪɚɡɭ ɧɟ ʆɤɭɫɿʆ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɍ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɭɯɚ ɿ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɧɹ ɯɨɥɚɞɧɚ ɧɹ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɛɨɤ ɹɤɨɣ ± ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚ ʆɜɚ ɯɨɞɡɟ ± ɦɚɱɵɥɚ ɞɚɠɞɠɨɦ ɿ ɦɭɬɧɚɹ ɜɚɞɚ ɡ ɞɚɯɭ ɬɨɧɟɧɶɤɿɦ ɰɭɪɤɨɦ ɥɿɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ Ɍ ɪɨɯɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɪɚɡɜɚɠɵʆɲɵ ɋɟ ɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɜɵɥɟɡɥɚ ɡ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ɿ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɚɡɿɪɧɭɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɬɪɚɧ ɲɷɿ ± ɡɞɚɥɨɫɹ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭʆ ɡɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɡɚ ɚɛɪɭɲɚɧɚɣ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɣɧɚɣ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬɤɚɣ ɋɯɚɦɹɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɫɬɚɹɥɚ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɫɥɭɯɚɥɚ ɩɚʆɡɿɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɬɚɦ ɧɟ ɩɚɹɜɿʆɫɹ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɬɨɟ ɡɞɚɥɨɫɹ Ɍ ɵɦ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɲɬɨ ɛɪɚɥɚ ɫɹ ʆɠɨ ɧɚ ɡɦɪɨɤ ± ɰɿ ɬɨ ɚɞ ɧɿɡɤɿɯ ɯɦɚɪɚʆ ɧɚ ɧɟɛɟ ɰɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɩɚɱɵɧɚɥɚ ɜɟɱɚɪɷɰɶ ɞɨɠɞɠ ɭɫɺ ɫɵɩɚʆ ɿ ɫɵɩɚʆ ɡ ɧɟɛɚ ɫɤɪɨɡɶ ɩɚ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɫɚɱɵɥɚɫɹ ɜɚɞɚ ɫɶɰɹɤɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɞɧɨ ɡ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɬɵɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɦɿ ɚɛɪɭɲɚɧɵɯ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟɪɚʆ Ɍɚɞɵ ɋɟɪɚ ɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɫɺɧɶɧɹ ɹɧɚ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɧɚɤɨɪɦɿɰɶ ɩɚ ɪɚɧɟɧɚɝɚ ɚɥɟ ɲɬɨ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɺɧ ɟɫɶɰɿ ɡɚʆɬɪɚ" ɉɪɚ ɬɨɟ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɿ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɧɹ ɡɶɦɟɪɤɥɚɫɹ ɹɧɚ ɜɵɥɟɡɥɚ ɡ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɿ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɩɚɲɵɛɚɜɚɥɚ ɩɚ ɤɚɫɚɝɨɪɵɧɟ ʆ ɜɺɫɤɭ Ɉɛɟɪ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ɏɨɥɶɰ Ɉɛɟɪ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɤɚɬɨɪɵ ɪɚɡ ɤɪɚɞɤɨɦ ɩɚɞɛɿɪɚʆ ɫɹ ɞɚ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ɫɬɚɿʆɲɵ ɞɵɯɚɧɶɧɟ ɫɥɭɯɚʆ Ȭɧ ɭɠɨ ɜɟɞɚʆ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɲɬɨ ɬɚɦ ɯɚɜɚɟɰɰɚ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ɪ ɭɫɤɿ ɯɨɰɶ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɿ ɪɚɡɭ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɹɝɨ Ɂɚɬɨɟ ɺɧ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɹɤ ɫɺɧɶɧɹ ɩɚ ɫɯɿɥɟ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɭ ʆɧɿɡ ɛɟɝɥɚ ɪɭɫɤɚɹ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚ ɡ ɤɥɭɦɚɱɤɚɦ ɭ ɪɭɤɚɯ ± ɧɚɩɷʆ ɧɚ ɧɟɫɥɚ ɫɸɞɵ ɩɪɚɜɿɹɧɬ ɋɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɹɧɚ ɡɶɧɿɤɥɚ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɤɚɥɹ ɬɚɝɨ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɧɟ ɩɚɤɚɡɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɚɞɬɭɥɶ ɿ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɩɚɞɤɪɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɩɚ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɧɚɦɚ ɝɚʆɫɹ ɩɚɞɫɥɭɯɚɰɶ ɿɯɧɸɸ ɪ ɚɡɦɨɜɭ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɱɭɜɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɟɩ ɫɤɚ ɞɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɠ ɩɟɪɚɲɤɚɞɠɚʆ ɞɨɠɞɠ ± ɝɭɱɧɚ ɥɚɩɚɬɚʆ ɩɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɚɩɹɬɚɣ ɧɚ ɩɥɟɱɵ ɡɥɭɛɹɧɟɥɚɣ ɩɚɥɚɬɰɵ ɯɨɰɶ ɫɤɿɞɚɣ ɹɟ ʆ ɝɪɚɡɶ Ɇɨɠɚ ɿ ɜɚɪɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɫɤɿɧɭɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɩɚɱɭɰɶ ɚɛ ɱɵɦ ɬɚɦ ɝɚɜɚɪɵɥɿ ɪɭɫɤɿɹ ɞɵ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɧɹ ɛɵʆ ɭɩɷʆɧɟɧɵ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɱɭʆɲɵ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɟ ± ɭ ɫɺ ɠ ɹɝɨ ɜɟɞɚɧɶɧɟ ɪɭɫ ɤɚɣ ɦɨɜɵ ɛ ɵɥɨ ɞɭɠɚ ɚɞɧɨɫɧɵɦ ɇɟɹɤ ɩɚɞ ɝɨɪɚɞɚɦ Ȼɚɪɚ ɧɚɜɿɱɵ ɞɡɟ ɺɧ ɞɜɚ ɞɧɿ ɤɜɚɬɚɪɚɜɚʆ ɭ ɪɭɫɤɚɣ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɵɧɿ ɺɧ ɫɩɪɚɛɚɜɚʆ ɡɚɝɚɜɚɪɵɰɶ ɡ ɺɣ ɞɵɤ ɧɟ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɞɚɪɷ ɱɵ ɹɤ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ Ⱥɤɚɡɜɚɟɰɰɚ ɹɤ ɺɧ ɞɚɡɧɚʆɫɹ ɩɚɫɶ ɥɹ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɪɭɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɜɚ ɦɚɟ ɹɲɱɷ ɞɵɹɥɟɤɬɵ ɛɟɥɚɪɭɫɤɿ ɧɚ ɩɪɵɤɥɚɞ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɹɤɿ ɹɦɭ ɧɟ ɩɚɦɨɝ ɿ ɹɝɨɧɵ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɚ ɪɭɫɤɿ ɪɚɡɦɨʆɧɿɤ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɡɚʆɫɺɞɵ ɧɚɫɿʆ ɭ ɤɿɲɚɧɿ ɲɵɧɹɥɹ ɇɚɫɿʆ ɞɚ ɬɨɣ ɩɚɦɹɬɧɚɣ ɧɚɱɧɨɣ ɛɚɦɛɺɠɤɿ ʆ Ɉɪɲɵ ɤɚɥɿ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɝɷɬɚɤ ɛɹɡɝɥɭɡɞɚ ɡɝɭɛɿʆ ɛɨɬɵ ɫɚɧɿɬɚɪɧɭɸ ɫɭɦɤɭ ɿ ɲɵɧɟɥɚɤ ɡ ɬɵɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɪɚɡɦɨʆɧɿɤɚɦ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɫɚɧɫɭɦɤɭ ɹɦɭ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɜɵɞɚɥɿ ɧɨɜɭɸ ɛɨɬɵ ɺɧ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɩɪɵɞɛɚʆ ɭ ɮɟɥɶɞɮɟɛɟɥɹ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɭ Ɂɭɞɟɪɦɚɧɚ ɚ ɲɵɧɹɥɹ ɡ ɪɚɡɦɨʆ ɧɿɤɚɦ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɚɪɚʆɫɹ ɚɠ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɚɝɚ ɛɨɸ Ɂɪɷɲɬɵ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɿ ɬɨɟ ɿ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɹɦɭ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɞɚɪɷɱɵ Ⱥɫɚɛɥɿɜɚ ɲɵɧɟɥɚɤ ɍɫɺ ɠ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɜɵɪɭɱɚɥɚ ɩɚɥɚɬɤɚ ± ɲɬɚɬɧɚɹ ɤɚɦɭɮ ɥɹɠɧɚɹ ɬɪɨɯɜɭɝɨɥɤɚ ɡ ɦɟɬɚɥɿɱɧɵɦɿ ɩɪɚɜɭɲɵɧɚɦɿ ɩɚ ɪɚɠ ɤɚɯ ɛɟɡ ɹɟ ɺɧ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɩɪɚɩɚʆ ɛɵ Ⱥɞɵɲɨʆɲɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɬɪɵ ɱɚɬɵɪɵ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɣɧɵɯ ɤɚɥɟɧɵ ɨɛɟɪ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚ ɜɵɝɥɹɧɭʆ ɡ ɡɚ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟɪɚ ± ɬɚɹ ɪɭɫɤɚɹ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ʆɠɨ ɞɚɥɟɤɚɜɚɬɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɜɟɪɫɟ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɭ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɹɧɚ ɛɟɝɥɚ ɛɟɡ ɚɧɿɹɤɚɣ ɧɨɲɵ ± ɡɧɚ ɱɵɰɶ ɤɥɭɦɚɱɚɤ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɚɝɚ ɪɭɫɤɚɝɚ ɐɿɤɚɜɚ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɹɧɚ ʆɡɪɨɫɬɭ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɦɚɥɚ ɞɚɹ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɉɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɦɚɥɚɞɵ ɚɮɿɰɷɪ ɰɿ ɫɹɪɠɚɧɬ ɿ ʆ ɿɯ ɦɚɝɱɵɦɚ ɤɚɯɚɧɶɧɟ ɦɨɠɚ ɬɚ 26
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɤɨɟ ɹɤ ɚɩɿɫɜɚɟɰɰɚ ʆ ɪɭɫɤɿɯ ɪɚɦɚɧɚɯ Ɍ ɚɥɫɬɨɝɚ ɰɿ Ⱦɚɫɬɚɟʆ ɫɤɚɝɚ Ƚɷɬɚ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɡɞɨɪɚɜɚ ± ɤɚɯɚɧɶɧɟ ɞɚ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɚɝɚ ɫɚɥɞɚɬɚ ɹɧɚ ɤɥɚɩɨɰɿɰɰɚ ɚɛ ɿɦ ɥɟɱɵɰɶ ɧɨɫɿɰɶ ɟɠɭ ɿ ɡɚɯɨʆɜɚɟ ɜɟɪɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɧɚɜɟɤ Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɩɚɦɪɷ ɞɵɤ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɫɬɭɩɿɰɶ ɭ ɦɚɧɚɫɬɵɪ ɿ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɞɚ ɤɚɧɰɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɞɡɺɧ ɦɚɥɿɰɶ ɡɚ ɹɝɨ Ȼɨɝɚ ɉɪɵɝɨɠɚɟ ɤɚɯɚɧɶɧɟ ɲɤɚɞɚ ɭ ɧɟɦɰɚʆ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɧɟ ɩɪɵ ɧɹɬɚ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɚɞɵɲɨʆɫɹ ɩɚ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɞɚɥɟɤɚɜɚɬɚ ɚɞ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ɫɶɦɹɥɟɣ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɩɚ ɧɚɞ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟɪɚɦ ± ɧɚ ɤɚɫɚɝɨɪɵɧɭ ɿ ɧɚ ɲɵɪɨɤɭɸ ɪɚɡɥɨɝɭ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɨɝɚ ɛɚɥɨɬɚ ɦɟɫɰɚɦɿ ɡɚɥɿɬɚɝɚ ɜɚɞɨɣ Ɇɹɫɰɨɜɚɫɶɰɶ ɬɭɬ ɩɚɧɿɠɚɥɚɫɹ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɫɬɚɹ ɱɚɣ ɜɚɞɵ ɞɧɨ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɩɟɪɚɬɜɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɝɪɚɡɤɚɟ ɦɟɫɿɜɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɧɟ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɉɚɞ ɜɟɱɚɪ ɪɚɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɯɨɥɚɞɧɚ ɭ ɬɪɚɧ ɲɷɹɯ ɝɭɥɹʆ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɵ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɣɧɵ ɫɤɪɚɡɶɧɹɤ ɺɧ ɞɚʆ ɧɨ ʆɠɨ ɩɪɚɛɿɪɚʆ ɥɺɝɤɚ ɚɩɪɚɧɭɬɚɝɚ ɨɛɟɪ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪɚ Ɂ ɧɨʆ ɠɚ ɫɵɩɚʆ ɝɷɬɵ ɧɚɞɚɤɭɱɥɿɜɵ ɞɨɠɞɠ ɋɯɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɚɞ ɞɚɠɞ ɠɭ ɬɭɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɡɟ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɧɚ ɬɵɦ ɮɥɚɧɡɟ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɞɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɩɹɯɨɬɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɚʆ ɭ ɹɤɿɯ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɡɚɬɭɥɿɰɰɚ ɚɞ ɞɚɠɞɠɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɚɦ ɥɹ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɛɵɥɨ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɱɧɚ ɱɵɦ ɧɚ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɛɚɥɚɰɹɜɿɧɟ ɿ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɫɬɚɪɚʆɫɹ ɬɚɦ ɧɟ ɩɚɤɚɡɜɚɰɰɚ Ɇɿɧɭɥɭɸ ɧɨɱ ɺɧ ɩɪɚɩɚɤɭɬɜɚʆ ɩɚɞ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɬɵɦ ɫɩɚɥɟɧɵɦ ɫɚɦɚɯɨɞɚɦ ɧɟ ɩɚɞɚɥɺɤ ɚ ɞ ɛɪɭɤɚɜɚɧɤɿ ɬɚ ɦ ɞɭɠɚ ɫɶɦɹɪɞɡɟɥɚ ɩɚɥɟɧɚɣ ɝɭɦɚɣ ɿ ɠɚɥɟɡɧɚɣ ɚɤɚɥɿɧɚɣ ɿ ɺɧ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɞɪɵɠɷʆ ɩɚɞ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɩɥɚɲɱ ɩɚɥɚɬɤɚɣ ɱɵɦ ɫɩɚʆ Ⱦɡɟ ɹɦɭ ɩɟɪɚɫɩɚɰɶ ɫɺɧɶɧɹ ɺɧ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɩɪɵɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɿ ɚɞ ɪɚɧɤɭ ɫɧɨʆɞɚʆ ɩɚ ɬɪɚɧ ɲɷɿ Ƚɷɬɵɹ ɪɭɫɤɿɹ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɧɚɞɡɿɜɚ ɧɟɩɪɚɤɬɵɱɧɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɨɛɟɪɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ɥɚɞɡɿɥɿ ɚɛɚɪɨɧɭ ɫɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɚɤɚɩɚɥɿ ɬɪɚ ɧɲɷɹʆ ɚɫɧɨʆɧɵɯ ɿ ɡɚɩɚɫɧ ɵɯ ɩɚɡɿɰɵɹʆ ɚ ɤɪɵɬɵɯ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɨʆ ɚɛɫɬɚɥɹɜɚɥɿ ʆɫɹɝɨ ɞɜɚ Ⱥɞɡɿɧ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɥɚ ɩɪɚɦɵɦ ɩɚɩɚɞɚɧɶɧɟɦ ɫɧɚɪɚɞɭ ɿ ɬɚɦ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɫɶɦɹɪɞɡɟɰɶ ɚɞ ɧɟɩɪɵɛɪɚɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɲɤɭɦɚɬɚɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɩɚʆ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɜɨɫɶ ɡɚɧɹ ɬɵ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵɦ ɏɨɰɶ ɬɵ ɹɝɨ ɜɵɤɭɪɜɚɣ ɚɞɬɭɥɶ ɝɪɚ ɧɚɬɚɣ" ɐɿ ɧɿɛɵɬɚ ʆ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɚɪɚ ɩɪɚɫɿɫɹ ɩɟɪɚɧɚɱɚɜɚɰɶ" Ʉɚɛ ɡɚɞɭɠɚ ɧɟ ɜɵɬɵɪɤɚɰɰɚ ɡ ɦɟɥɤɚɜɚɬɚɣ ɩɚ ɝɪɭɞɡɿ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɩɪɵɫɟʆ ɭ ɹɟ ɧɟ ɫɭɲɷɣɲɚɣ ɦɹɫɶɰɿɧɟ ɡɚɯɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɦɨɤɪɚɣ ɩɚɥɚɬɤɚɣ ɿ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɚɛ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɝɨɪɤɚɣ ɞɨɥɿ ɹɤɭɸ ɹɦɭ ɧɚɤɚɧɚɜɚɥɚ ɜɚɣɧɚ ɰɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɡɚ ɜɚɣ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɧɭ ± ɹɝɨ ɡɚɧɚɞɬɚ ɫɬɪɚɩɰɿɜɵ ɧɟʆɪɚʆɧɚɜɚɠɚɧɵ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɚɪ ɏɚɰɹ ɺɧ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɧɚ ɜɚɣɧɟ ɧɹ ɧɚɞɬɚ ɩɚɦɚɝɚɥɿ ɿ ɠɚɥɟɡ ɧɵɹ ɧɟɪɜɵ ɰɶɜɹɪɨɡɵɹ ɝɚɥɨɜɵ ɿ ɜɵɬɪɵɦɤɚ ɜɚɣɧɚ ʆɫɿɯ ɩɟɪɚɦɚɝɚɥɚ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɬɚʆɫɬɚɦɨɪɞɚɣ ɥɨɝɿɤɚɣ ɍɠɨ ɧɚɲɬɨ ɦɟʆ ɠɚɥɟɡɧɭɸ ɜɵɬɪɵɦɤɭ ɹɝɨɧɵ ɫɹɛɪɚ ɤɥɚɫɧɵ ɪɚɞɵɫɬ Ɏɪɚɧɤ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɞ ɧɨɫɚɦ ɭ ɪ ɭɫɤɿɯ ɤɚɪɷɤɰɿɪɚɜɚʆ ɚɪɬɵɥɟɪɵɣɫɤɿ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɦɟʆ ɠɚɥɟɡɧɵ ɤɪɵɠ ɿ ɬɪɵ ɞɧɿ ɬɚɦɭ ɡɚɝɿɧɭʆ ɚɞ ɪɭɫɤɚɝɚ ɫɧɚɪɚɞɭ Ⱦɪɭɝɿ ɹɝɨ ɫɹɛɪɚ ɿ ɡɹɦɥɹɤ Ʉɪɵɫɬɨɮ ɒɦɿɞɬ ɫɩɚ ɤɨɣɧɵ ɝɪɷɧɚɞɡɺɪɫɤɿ ɭɧɬɷɪ ɚɮɿɰɷɪ ɛɵɥɵ ɫɬɭɞɷɧɬ ɤɚɦɟɪ ɰɵɣɧɚɝɚ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɷɬɭ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɫɤɨɧɱɵʆ ɤɭɞɵ ɹɤ ɩɚɝɚɧɚ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɰɹɠɤɨɝɚ ɪɚɧɟɧɶɧɹ ɹɦɭ ɚɦɩɭɬɚɜɚɥɿ ɚɛɟɞɡɶɜɟ ɧɚɝɿ ɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɺɧ ɟɡɶɞɡɿɰɶ ɧɚ ɿɧɜɚɥɿɞɧɚɣ ɤɚɥɹɫɰɵ ɩɚ ɜɭɥɿɰɚɯ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ Ɉɛɟɪɯɚʆɡɟɧɚ ɒɬɨ ɠ ɞɚɬɵɱɵɰɶ ɰɶɜɺɪɞɚɫɤɭɪɚɝɚ ɫɚɤɫɨɧɫ ɤɚɝɚ ɛɿɰɸɝɚ ɿɯɧɹɝɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɭ ɝɚ ʆɩɬɦɚɧɚ Ʌɿɧɯɚɪɞɚ ɞɵɤ ɹɝɨ ɧɟɧɚɜɿɞɡɟʆ ɭɜɟɫɶ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧ ɿ ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɚ ɺɧ ɨɛɟɪ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ɏɨɥɶɰ Ɂɪɷɲɬɵ ɩɪɚɡ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɫɜɚɸ ɧɟ ɥɸɛɨʆ ɞɚ ɝ ɚʆɩɬɦɚɧɚ ɺɧ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɿ ɚɩɵɧɭʆɫɹ ʆ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɰɹɩɟ ɪɚɲɧɿɦ ɞɪɚɦɚɬɵɱɧɵɦ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɲɱɵ Ɍɚɤɿɯ ɹɤ Ʌɿɧɯɚɪɞ ɧɚ ɩɚʆɩɿɫɶɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɚɥɞɚɮɨɧɚʆ ɜɵɫɤɚɱɚɤ ɭ ɩɟɪɚɞɜɚɟɧɧɵɹ ɝɚɞɵ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɩɪɨɰɶɦɚ ʆ ɜɟɪɦɚɯɰɟ ɞɡɟ ɹɧɵ ɫɬɚɥɿ ɝɚɥɨʆ ɧɚɣ ɚɩɨɪɚɣ ɧɚɰɵɡɦɭ ɛɨ ɛɵɥɿ ɜɨɥɶɧɵɹ ɚɞ ɝɪɭɡɭ ɦɚɪɚɥɿ ɚɞɭɤɚɜɚɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɰɿ ɯɨɰɶ ɛɵ ɹɤɨɣ ɦɿɧɿɦɚɥɶɧɚɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɿ ɦɚɥɿɥɿɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɚɞɧɚɦɭ ɿɞɚɥɭ ɮɸɪɚɪɭ ȱ ɯɚɣ ɛɵ ɫɚɛɟ ɦɚ ɥɿɥɿɫɹ ɩɚɠɵɪɚɸɱɵ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɚɥɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɚɣɧɵ ɿɦ ɬɚɝɨ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɦɚɥɚ ± ɫɩɚɬɪɷɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɩɪɨɰɶɦɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɿɧɲɵɯ ɝɚɬɭɧ ɤɚʆ: ɡɚɩɚɫɶɧɿɤɨʆ ɤɚɦɟɪɫɚɧɬɚʆ ɿɧɬɷɥɿɝɟɧɬɚʆ ɹɤɿɯ ɹɧɵ ɧɟ ɥɿɱɵɥɿ ɡɚ ɫɚɥɞɚɬ ɚ ɬɚɦɭ ɿ ɡɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɏɨɥɶɰɭ ɞɵɤ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɚɲɷɧɶɰɿɥɚ ɺɧ ɛɵʆ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɚɞɧɨɫɧɚ ɩɚɞɧɚɱɚɥɟɧɵ ɝɷɬɚɦɭ Ʌɿɧɯɚɪɞɭ ɛɨ ɹɤ ɨɛɟɪ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ɫɚɧɿɬɚɪɧɚɣ ɫɥɭɠ ɛɵ ɦɟʆ ɧɟɤɚɬɨɪɭɸ ɧɟɡɚɥɟɠɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɭ ɛ ɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɟ ȼɚ ʆɫɹɤɿɦ ɪɚɡɟ ɩɚ ɩɚɞɧɚɱɚɥɟɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɝɷɬɚ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɧɹ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɹɤɿ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɡɶ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɭɡɜɨɞɭ ɲɬɭɪɦɚɜɨɣ ɪɨɬɵ ȱ ɬɵɦ ɧɹ ɦɟɧɲ ɿ ɹɦɭ ɯɚɩɿɥɚ ɡɶɧɹɜɚɝ ɿ ɩɪɵɞɡɿɪɚɤ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɬɭɩɚɪɵɥɚɝɚ ɫɚɤɫɨɧɰɚ ɛɵɥɨɝɚ ɦɥɵɧɚɪɚ ɿ ɤɚɣɡɟɪɚʆɫɤɚɝɚ ɮɟɥɶɞɮɟɛɟɥɹ ɹɤɿ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɪɵ ɧɚɰɵɡɶɦɟ ɞɚɩɹʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɚɮɿɰɷɪɫɤɚɝɚ ɱɵɧɭ Ɇɨɠɚ ɞɜɚ ɞɧɿ ɬɚɦɭ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɡɪɚɛɿʆ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɚ ɯɪɵɫɶɰɿɹɧɫɤɭ ɿ ɧɚɩɷʆɧɚ ɩɚɪɭ ɲɵʆ ɩɪɵɫɹɝɭ ɚɥɟ ɩɚɫɥɚɧ ɵ ɚɞ¶ɸɬɚɧɬɚɦ ɉɪɨɲɤɟ ɜɵɰɹɝɧɭɰɶ ɡ ɩɨɥɹ ɛɨɸ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɚɝɚ ɝɚʆɩɬɦɚɧɚ ɺɧ 28
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɟ ɰɹɝɧɭɰɶ" Ʌɿɧɯɚɪɞ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɭ ɤɚ ɧɚɜɟ ɡ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɚɬɚɣ ɚɤɪɵɜɚʆɥɟɧɚɣ ɛɪɭɲɵɧɚɣ ɠɵɰɶ ɹɦɭ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɧɹɲɦɚɬ Ȼɨɣ ɛɵʆ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɵ ɿ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɥɟɞɡɶɜɟ ɞɚɩɨʆɡ ɞɚ ɝɚʆɩɬɦɚɧɚ ɩɚɞ ɩɹɤɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɚɝɧɺɦ ɪɭɫɤɿɯ ³ ɦɚɤɫɿɦɚʆ´ ɚ ɬɭɬ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɚʆɡɶɰɿ ɡ ɿɦ ɧɚɡɚɞ Ⱦɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɠ ɝɷɬɵ Ʌɿɧɯɚɪɞ ɛɵʆ ɡ ɰɷɧɬɧɟɪ ɜɚɝɨɸ ɿ ɫɚ ɞɜɚ ɦɟɬɪɵ ɪɨɫɬɭ ɹɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɧɟ ɚɬɥɟɬɵɱɧɚɝɚ ɫɤɥɚɞɭ ɏɨɥɶɰɭ ɰɹɝɧɭɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɞɜɚ ɤɿɥɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɞɚ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲɱɚ Ⱦɜɨɟ ɬɵɯ ɲɬɨ ʆɠɨ ɫɩɪɚ ɛɚɜɚɥɿ ɝɷɬɚ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɭɧɭɪɵʆɲɵɫɹ ɩɪɚɛɿ ɬɵɦɿ ɝɚɥɨɜɚɦɿ ʆ ɩɪɵɞɚɪɨɠɧɵ ɛɵɥɶɧɺɝ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɩɟɪɚɜɹɡɚʆ ɪɚɧɭ ɧɟɩɪɵɬɨɦɧɚɝɚ ɚɮɿɰɷɪɚ ɿ ɫɱɚɤɚʆɲɵ ɤɚɥɿ ɬɪɨɯɿ ʆɰɿɯɧɟ ɪɭɫɤɿ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɩɚʆɡɤɨɦ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɩɚ ɤɚɧɚɜɟ ɧɚ ɡɚɞ Ȭɧ ɬɚɤ ɪɚɡɜɚɠɵʆ ɲɬɨ ɞɚ ɜɟɱɚɪɚ ɪɭɫɤɿɹ ɬɭɬ ɩɪɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɧɟ ɞɚɞɭɰɶ ɚ Ʌɿɧɯɚɪɞ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɫɤɚɧɚɟ ɧɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɧɿɤɭɞɵ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɜɚɥɚɱɵ ɇɟɹɤ ɜɵɛɪɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɚɝɧɸ ɧɚ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɧɵ Ʉɉ ɺɧ ɛɚɞɡɺɪɚ ɞɚɥɚɠɵʆ ɚɞ¶ɸɬɚɧɬɭ ɲɬ ɨ ɝɚʆɩɬɦɚɧ Ʌɿɧɯɚɪɞ ɧɚ ɜɹɥɿɤɿ ɠɚɥɶ ɦɺɪɬɜɵ ɿ ɷɜɚɤɭɿɪɚɜɚɰɶ ɹɝɨ ʆ ɬ ɵɥ ɧɹ ɦɚɟ ɦɚ ɝɱɵɦɚɫɶɰɿ əɤɨɟ ɠ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɶɞɡɿʆɥɟɧɶɧɟ ɨɛɟɪ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɪɚɡ ɩɚɪɭ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɚʆ ɮɟɥɶɞɮɟɛɟɥɶ ɒɧɿɬɤɟ ɝɷɬɵ ɪɵɠɚɦɨɪɞɵ ɦɹɫɶɧɿɤ ɡ ɐɸ ɪɵɧɝɿɿ ɩɪɵɜɚ ɥɨɤ ɠɵɜɨɝɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɝɚʆɩɬɦɚɧɚ ɿ ɬɨɣ ɩɟɪɲ ɱɵɦ ɫɤɚɧɚɰɶ ɩɚɫɤɚɪɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɨɛɟɪ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪɚ ɏɨɥɶ ɰɚ ɲɬɨ ɬɨɣ ɡɧɚɪɨɤ ɧɟ ɷɜɚɤɭɿɪɚɜɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɚɝɧɸ Ⱥɞ¶ɸ ɬɚɧɬ ɬɭɬ ɠɚ ɡɚɝɚɞɚʆ ɚɪɵɲɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɨɛɟɪ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪɚ ɚɥɟ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɺɧ ɭ ɝ ɚɪɚɱɰɵ ɛɨɸ ɡɧɚɣɲɨʆ ɞɥɹ ɬɚ ɝɨ ɤɚɧɜɚɿɪɚʆ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɧɹ ɫɬɚʆ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ Ⱥɞɪɚɡɭ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆɲɵ ɱɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɫɤɨɧɱɵɰɰ ɚ ɺɧ ɤɪɚɞɤɨɦ ɜɵɛɪɚʆɫɹ ɡ Ʉɉ ɧɚ ɬɚɪɮɹ ɧɿɲɱɚ ɡɧɚɣɲɨʆ ɞɨɛɪɭɸ ɡ ɜɚɞɨɣ ɹɦɿɧɭ ɧɚɞ ɛɟɪɚɝɚɦ ɹɤɨɣ ɿ ɩɪɚɫɟɞɡɟʆ ɞɚ ɜɟɱɚɪɭ Ȭɧ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɚɧɚ ɚɛɞɭɦɜɚʆ ɫɜɚɺ ɫɬɚ ɧɨɜɿɲɱɚ ɚɥɟ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɞɭɦɚʆ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ Ȼɚɬɚɥɶɺɧ ɬɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɜɵɛɿʆ ɪɭ ɫɤɿɯ ɡ ɿɯ ɚɛɚɪɨɧɵ ɿ ɫɶɰɹɝɧ ɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɲɚɲɭ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɬɚɞɵ ɩɪ ɚɛɪɚʆɫɹ ɡ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲɱɚ ʆ ɩ ɭɫɬɭɸ ɪɭɫɤɭɸ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ ɿ ɡɚɫɟʆ ɬɭɬ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɞɚɥɟɣ Ɂɶɹ ɜɿɰɰɚ ʆ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧ ɺɧ ɭɠɨ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɞɥɹ ɛɚɬɚ ɥɶɺɧɚ ɺɧ ɫɬɚʆ ɞɷɡɟɪɰɿɪɚɦ ɩ ɪɚɛɿɪɚɰɰɚ ʆ ɬɵɥ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɨɥɟ ɣ ɱɵɦ ɧɟɛɹɫɶ ɩɟɱɧɚ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɡɞɚɰɰɚ ɪɭɫɤɿɦ ɭ ɩɚɥɨɧ ɛɵɥɨ ɚɞɡɿɧɵɦ ɯ ɨɰɶ ɿ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɧɹ ɫ ɚɦɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɥɟɩɲɵɦ ɜɵɣɫ ɶɰɟɦ Ⱥɥɟ ɞɡɟ ɬɵɹ ɪɭɫɤɿɹ" ȱ ɹɤ ɹɦɭ ɞɚɩɹɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɿɯ" ɍ ɛɚɹɜɨɣ ɩɚɥɚɫɟ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɹɝɨ ɧɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɫɯɨɩɹɰɶ ɫɜɚɟ ɠ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɬɚɞɵ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɝɚɧɶɛɚ ɜɚɟɧɧɚ ɩɚɥɹɜɵ ɫɭɞ ɦɨɠɚ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɪɚɫɫɬɪɷɥ ɇɚ ɜɟɱɧɚɟ ɝ ɨɪɚ ɹɝɨ ɦɹɤɤɚɣ ɥɚ ɫɤɚɜɚɣ ɦɚɰɿ ɉɪɚ ɛɚɰɶɤɭ ɞɚɜɨɥɿ ɤɪɭɬɨɝɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɚɪɚɦ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɺɧ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɛɚɹʆɫɹ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɛɚɰɶɤɭ ɧɚɩɷʆɧɚ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɫɩɥɹɠɚɧɚ ʆɫɹ ɹɝɨ ɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɿɬ ɷɰɤɚɹ ɤɚɪ¶ɟɪɚ ɡ ɹɝɨ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɚ ɡɚɫɥɭɠɚɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɮɟɫɚɪɫɤɿɦ ɡɜɚɧɶɧɟɦ Ȭɧ ɭɠɨ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɧɨɜɭɸ ɡɚɜɹɞɡɺɧɤɭ ɧɚɰɵ ɭ ɩɚɞɨɛɧɵɯ ɜɵɩɚɞ ɤɚɯ ɠɨɪɫɬɤɚ ɫɩɚɝɚɧɹɰɶ ɧɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɡ ɧɟɩɚɫɪɷɞɧɚɝɚ ɜɿɧɨʆɧɿɤɚ ɚɥɟ ɿ ɡ ɭɫɺɣ ɹɝɨɧɚɣ ɪɚɞɧɿ əɤ ɝɷɬɚ ɚɛ ɬɵɦ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɪɚɧɟɣ" Ⱥɥɟ ɰɿ ɺɧ ɫɩɚɞɡɹɜɚʆɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɵ ɫɚɤ ɫɨɧɫɤɿ ɫɶɜɿɧɶɧɸɤ ɚɤɚɠɚɰɰɚ ɬɚɤɿɦ ɠɵɰɶɰɹɫɬɨɣɤɿɦ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɩɪɵ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɫɶɦɹɪɨɬɧɵɦ ɪɚɧɟɧɶɧɿ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɹɦɭ ɱɨɪɬ ɜɟɞɚɟ ɲɬɨ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɞɚɥɟɣ" Ɇɨɠɚ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɡɚɫɬɪɷɥɿɰɰɚ" Ⱥɥɟ ɡɚɫɬɪɷɥɿɰɰɚ ɺɧ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɩɚɫɶɩɟɟ ɩɚɪɚɛɟɥɭɦ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɡɚʆɠɞɵ ɩɚɞ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɭ ɰɶɜɺɪɞɚɣ ɫɤɭɪɚɧɨɣ ɤɚɛɭɪɵ ɧɚ ɞɡɹɡɟ ± ɩɚɪɚɛɟɥɭɦ ɺɧ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɲɬɨ ɧɹ ɤɿɧɟ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɲɬɨ ɤɚɪɵɫɶɰɿ ɚɞ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɬɭɬ ɩɭɫɬɚɹ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɬɚɹ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɹ ɿ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɿ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɚ ɯɥɟɛɚ ɧɿ ɫɭɯɚɪɚ ɧɿ ɝɚɥɟɬɵ ɍ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɫɤɪɨɡɶ ɩɭɫɬɵɹ ɫɬɪɚɥɤɨɜɵɹ ɹɱɷɣɤɿ ɜɺɫɤɿ ɠ ɧɚʆɤɨɥɚ ɩɚɩɚɥɟɧɵ ɠɵɯɚɪɵ ɿɯ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɥɿ ɭɫɟ ɤɭɞɵɫɶɰɿ ɫɵɣɲɨʆɲɵ Ɍ ɪɷɰɿ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɺɧ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɹ ɟʆ ɿ ɚɬɚɲɱɚʆ ɬɚɤ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ʆɩɪɚʆɥɹʆɫɹ ɩɚɞɰɹɝ ɜɚɰɶ ɧɚ ɠɵɜɚɰɟ ɚɞɜɿɫɥɭɸ ɡ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚɦ ɞɡɹɝɭ Ⱦɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɫɚɧɿɬɚɪɧɚɹ ɫɭɦɤɚ ɡ ɩɚɥɹɜɵɦ ɤɚɦɩɥɟɤɬɚɦ ɦɟɞɵɤɚ ɦɟɧɬɚʆ ɋɭɦɤɭ ɺɧ ɭɠɨ ɥɟɞɡɶɜɟ ɰɹɝɚʆ ɧɚ ɩɥɹɱɵ ɭɫɺ ɧɚ ɜɚɠɜɚʆɫɹ ɞɡɟ ɤɿɧɭɰɶ ɚɥɟ ɱɚɦɭɫɶɰɿ ɧɹ ɤɿɞɚʆ ɛɨ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɡɚɦɿɧɚɥɚ ɹɦɭ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɬɨɟ ɧɿɛɵ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɚɫ ɥɭɠɵɰɶ ɹɦɭ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɩɚɫɭɧɭʆɲɵ ɹɟ ɧɚ ɤɚɥɟɧɚ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɧɟ ɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɚ ɲɬɨ" Ⱥ ɲɬɨ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɡɶɹɜɿɰɰɚ ʆ ɬɨɣ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɹɤ ɦɟɞɵɤ ɿ ɩɚɦɨɠɚ ɪɭɫɤɚɦɭ" Ȼɨ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ɞɵɤ ɧɚʆɪɚɞ ɰɿ ɺɧ ɚɛɵɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɛɟɡ ɦɟɞɵɰɵɧɫɤɚɣ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝɿ ɹɤɨɣ ɬɭɬ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɧɹɦɚ ɚɞ ɤɚɝɨ Ɋɭɫɤɚɹ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚ ± ɧɚɩɷʆɧɚ ɠ ɧɹ ɞɨɤɬɚɪ Ɉɛɟɪ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ɭɫɬ ɚʆ ɿ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɩɚ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɧɚɡɚɞ Ⱦɡɿʆɧɚ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɡɜɚɠɚɸɱɵ ɧɚ ɡɶɜɟɪɫɤɿ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɧɹɦɟɰ ɤɚɣ ɚɪɬɵɥɟɪɵɿ ɿ ɦɿɧɚɦɺɬɚʆ ɡɚɛɿɬɵɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɬɭɬ ɧɹɦɧɨɝɚ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɬɚɦ ɥɹ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɚ ɧɚ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɭ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɧɿɜɨɞɧɚɝɚ ɬɪɭɩɚ ɐɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɪɭɫɤɿɹ ɩɚɛɪɚɥɿ ɡ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɡɚɛɿ 30
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɬɵɯ" Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɚʆɪɚɞ ɏɭɬɱɷɣ ɡɚ ʆɫɺ ɝɷɬɵ ʆɱɚɫɬɚɤ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɧɹ ɛɵʆ ɿɦɿ ɡɚɧɹɬɵ ɿ ɫɥɭɠɵʆ ɧɿɛɵ ɡɚɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɰɿ ɚɞɫɟɱɧɚɣ ɩɚɡɿɰɵɹɣ ɇɭ ɚɥɟ ɝɷɬɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɿ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɧɟ ɥɸɛɿʆ ɬɪɭɩɚʆ ± ɧɿ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɧɿ ɪɭɫɤɿɯ əɲɱɷ ɹɤ ɜɭɱɵʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɦɟɞɵ ɰɵɧɫɤɿɦ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɷɰɟ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɩɪɵɜɵɤɧɭɰɶ ɞɚ ɿɯ ɭ ɚɧɚɬɚɦɿɱɧɵɦ ɮɥɿɝɟɥɿ ɿ ɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɚ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɡɚɧɹɬɤɚʆ ɬɚɦ ɞɚ ɤɚɧɰɚ ɞɧɹ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɡɶɟɫɶɰɿ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɚɛɵɯɨɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɤɚɜɚɣ ɐɹ ɩɟɪ ɩɪɚʆɞɚ ɬɨɟ ɦɿɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɤɚɥɿ ɛ ɛɵɥɨ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɛɵ ɡɶɟʆ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡ ɭɫɹɤɿɦ ɬɪɭɩɚɦ ɇɭ ɚɥɟ ʆ ɪɭɫɤɚɝɚ ɩɚɜɿɧɧɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɦɨ ɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɤɥɭɦɚɱɤɭ ɲɬɨ ɧɿɲɬɨ ɹɲɱɷ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ Ȭɧ ɡɧɨʆ ɰɿɯɚ ɩɚɞɤɪɚʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɚɩɨɲɧɹɣ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬɤɿ ɬɪɚɧ ɲɷɿ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɧɚ ʆɜɚɯɨɞ ɭ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ Ⱥɥɟ ʆ ɱɚɪɧɚɰɟ ɧɚɪɵ ʆɜɚɯɨɞɭ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɵ ɬɚɦ ɿ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ Ʉɚɛ ɯɨɰɶ ɧɟ ɧɚɪɜɚɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɤɭɥɸ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɏɨɥɶɰ Ʉɚɛ ɧɟ ɧɚɪɜɚɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɤɭɥɸ ɧɚɩɷʆɧɚ ɪɚɡɭɦɧɟɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɚɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɤɿɹ ɩɟɪɚɝɚɜɨɪɵ ɿ ɺɧ ɭɫɺ ɫɬɨɹɱɵ ɡɚ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬɤɚɣ ɰɿɯɚ ɤɚɲɥɹɧɭʆ ɍ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɩɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɚɦɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɿɯɚ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɚɞɬɭɥɶ ɧɹ ɜɵɝɥɹɧɭʆ ɚɥɟ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɲɬɨ ɹɝɨ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɩɚɱɭɥɿ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɺɧ ɭɡɹʆ ɡ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟɪɚ ɦɨɤɪɵ ɤɚɦɹɤ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɿ ɲɩɭɪɧɭʆ ɿɦ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɞɚ ʆɜɚɯɨɞɭ ± Ʉɬɨ" ɋɟɪɚɮɢɦɚ" ± ɝɥɭɯɚ ɞɚɧɟɫɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ɉɟɪɲɚɟ ɪɭɫɤɚɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɚɥɟ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɞɚʆɦɟɰɰɚ ɲɬɨ ɚɡɧɚɱɚɟ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɰɿɯɚ ɩɚɤɚɲ ɥɹʆ ± Ʉɬɨ ɬɚɦ" ɇɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢ ɋɬɪɟɥɹɸ ± ɭɠɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɝɪɨɡɧɚ ɪɚɡɞɚɥɨɫɹ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɿ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɨɝɨ ɹɤ ɫɶɜɿɪɷɩɚ ± ȱɯ« ə ɧɷɦɟɰ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ± ɉɪɨɱɶ ɋɬɪɟɥɹɸ ± ɱɭɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɚ ± ɇɿɯɬɫ ɛɨɹɬɶɫɹ ± ɹɤ ɦɚɝɚ ɫɩɚɤɚɣɧɟɣ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɏɨɥɶɰ ± ȱɯ« ə ɛɨɹɬɶɫɹ ə ɟɫɬɶ ɞɟɡɟɪɬɿɪ ɇɟɫɩɚɞɡɹɜɚɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɹɛɟ ɺɧ ɡɚɯɜɚɥɹɜɚʆɫɹ ɿ ɡɛɥɵɬɚʆ ɚɫɚ ɛɿɫɬɵɹ ɡɚɣɦɟɧɶɧɿɤɿ ɚɥɟ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɪɭɫɤɿ ɹɝɨ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɡɪɚɡɭ ɦɟʆ ɛɨ ɩɚɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɬɪɨɯɭ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ± Ȼɪɨɫɚɣ ɨɪɭɠɢɟ ɇɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢ Ƚɷɬɵ ɚɞɤɚɡ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɡɶɛɹɧɬɷɠɵʆ ɨɛɟɪ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɤɿɞɚɰɶ ɡɛɪɨɸ ɞɵɤ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɞɵɫɶɰɿ Ⱥɥɟ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɝɷɬɵ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɭɟ ɧɟ ɩɚɞɵɯɨɞɡɿɰɶ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɺɧ ɪɚɲɵʆ ɩɟɪɚɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɭ ɧɚ ɿɧɲɚɟ ± Ɋɭɫ ɹ ɟɫɬ ɞɨɤɬɨɪ Ɇɟɞɿɰɿɧɚ ± Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɟɳɟ ɞɨɤɬɨɪ" ± ɝɭɱɧɚ ɞɚɧɟɫɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɡ ɭɠɨ ɡɧɚɺɦɵɦ ɏɨɥɶɰɭ ɪɭɫɤɿɦ ɦɚɬɚɦ ɹɤɿ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɞɚʆ ɨɛɟɪ-ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪɭ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɹɝɨɧɵɹ ɫɥɨɜɵ ɡɪɚɛɿɥɿ ʆɪɚɠɚɧɶɧɟ ȱ ɺɧ ɪɚɲɵʆ ɬɭɬ ɠɚ ɡɚɦɚɰɚɜɚɰɶ ɫɜɨɣ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɿ ɩɨɫɶɩɟɯ ± ȱ ɯ« ɹ ɧɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɹɡɚɥɶ« ɍ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɧɚɫɬɚɥɚ ɦɚʆɱɚɧɶɧɟ ɩɚɝɪɨɡɚʆ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɿ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɧɚɜɚɠɵʆɫɹ Ɍ ɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɞɧɹʆɲɵ ɡ ɩɚɥɚɬɤɿ ɪɭɤɿ ɤɚɛ ɩɚɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɛɹɡ ɡɛɪɨɿ ɺɧ ɜɵɣɲɚʆ ɡ ɡɚ ɩɚɜɚ ɪɨɬɤɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɺɧ ɫɬɭɩɿʆ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɤɪɨɤ ɹɤ ɭ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɪɚɡɞɚʆɫɹ ɤɪɵɤ ɿ ɬɭɬ ɠɚ ɛɚɯɧɭʆ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɧɵ ɫɬɪɷɥ Ʉɭɥɿ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɩɚɱɭʆ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɛɨɪɡɶɞɡɟɧɶɤɚ ɲɚɫɧɭʆ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɡɚ ɡɟɦɥɹɧɵ ɜɭɝɚɥ ± Ɋɭɫ ɞɭɪɚɤ Ɉɛɨɪɦɨɬ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ɡɥɭɸɱɵɫɹ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɧɹɞɨʆɝɚɝɚ ɦɚʆɱɚɧɶɧɹ ɡ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ɝɥɭɯɚ ɩɚɱɭɥɚɫɹ ± Ⱥ ɡɚɤɭɪɢɬɶ ɟɫɬɶ" ± Ʉɭɪɢɬɶ" Ɍ ɚɛ ɚɤ" ± ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɏɨɥɶɰ ± Ⱦɚ ɬɚɛɚɤ ȿɫɬɶ ɬɚɛɚɤ" ± ɋɢɝɚɪɟɬɵ ± ɇɭ ɞɚɜɚɣ ɥɟɡɶ ɱɟɪɬ ɫ ɬɨɛɨɣ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɛɵʆ ɭ ɤɿɲɷɧɿ ɩɚɱɚɬɵ ɩɚɱɚɤ ɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɰɵɝɚɪɷɬ ɚɥɟ ɺɧ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɧɟ ɤɭɪɵʆ ± ɝɚɥɨɞɧɵ ɺɧ ɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɚ ɬɪɚɰɿʆ ɞɚ ɿɯ ɚɯɜɨɬɭ ɇɚ ʆɜɚɯɨɞɡɟ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɫɩɚɞɡɹɜɚʆɫɹ ʆɛɚɱɵɰɶ ɪɭɫɤɚɝɚ ɡ ɧɚɤɿɪɚɜɚɧɚɣ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɡɛɪɨɹɣ ɞɵ ɧɹ ʆɛɚɱɵʆ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɺɧ ɚɩɭɫɶɰɿʆ ɪɭɤɿ ɿ ɫɚɝɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɩɚɥɟɡ ɭ ɧɚɪɭ ± Ɋɭɫ ɧɿɯɬɫ ɛɨɹɥɫɹ ȱɯ« ə ɞɟɡɟɪɬɿɪ ± ɰɿɯɚ ɝɚɜɚɪɵʆ ɺɧ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɩɚɱɭɬɵ Ɍ ɭɬ ɠɚ ʆ ɩɪɚɫɬɨɪɧɵɦ ɩɭɫɬɵɦ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɺɧ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɪɭɫɤɚɝɚ ɬɨɣ ɡ ɡɚɛɿɧɬɚɜɚɧɚɣ ɝɚɥɚɜɨɣ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɭ ɤɭɰɟ ɿ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɚɫɥɚɛɟɥɚɣ ɪɭɰɷ ɤɚɥɚɰɿʆɫɹ ɫɤɿɪɚɜɚɧɵ ɧɚ ʆɜɚɯɨɞ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ± ɇɿɯɬɫ ɩɿɫɬɨɥɹ ± ɦɿɪɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɭɠɨ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɲɵ ɲɬɨ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɿɦ ɫɶɥɹɩɵ Ȼɪɭɞɧɚɹ ɧɹʆɦɟɥɚ ɧɚɥɚɞɠɚɧɚɹ ɩɚɜɹɡɤɚ ɫɩɚʆɡɥɚ ɞɚ ɤɨɧɱɵɤɭ ɧɨɫɚ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɹɟ ɩɚ ɡɚɲɱɚɰɿɧɟ 32
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ɧɵɦ ɩɚɞɛɚɪɨɞɞɡɿ ɰɹɤɥɿ ɝɧɨɣɧɵɹ ɜɵɞɡɹɥɟɧɶɧɿ ɚɞ ɹɤɿɯ ɛɪɭ ɞɚɦ ɿ ɩɥɹɦɚɦɿ ʆɡɹɥɚɫɹ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɚ ɥɹ ɤɚʆɧɹɪɚ ± Ɇɚɣɧ ɝɨɬ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɏɨɥɶɰ ± ɗɬɨ ɟɫɬ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɩɥɺɯɨ Ȼɭɞɟɬ ɩɟɪɟɜɹɡɚɬɶ ± Ⱦɚɣ ɡɚɤɭɪɢɬɶ ± ɩɟɪɲ ɡɚ ʆɫɺ ɩɚɬɪɚɛɚɜɚʆ ɪɭɫɤɿ ɧɟ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚɸɱɵ ɡ ɪɭɤɿ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɡɧɚɣɲɨʆ ɭ ɤɿɲɷɧɿ ɩɚɤɚɦɟɱɚɧɵ ɩɚɱɚɤ >«@ * ɜɵɧɹʆ ɚɞɧɭ >ɰɵɝɚɪɷɬɭ@ ɿ ʆɤɥɚʆ ɭ ɡɚɦɭɪɡɚɧɵɹ ɩɚɥɶɰɵ ɫɶɥɹɩɨɝɚ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɞɚɫɬɚʆ ɡ ɧɚɝɪɭɞɧɚɝɚ ɤɿɲɚɧɹ ɡɚɩɚɥɶɧɿɰɭ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɩɫɬɪɵɤɚʆ ɫɿɧɿɦ ɚɝɟɧɶɱɵɤɚɦ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɬɚɹ ɡɚɝɚɪɷɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɩɚɞ ɧɺɫ ɪɭɫɤɚɦɭ Ɍ ɨɣ ɩɪɚɝɧɚ ɡɚɰɹɝɧɭʆɫɹ ɜɵɩɭɫɶɰɿʆ ɞɵɦ ɿ ɚɛɥɺɝɫɹ ɧɚ ɲɵɧɟɥɚɤ Ɋɭɫɤɿ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɭɫɺ ɩɪɚɝɧɚ ɰɦɵɝɚɸɱɵ ɰɵɝɚɪɷɬɭ ɚɥɟ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ɚɩɭɫɶɰɿʆ ɞɨɥɭ ɿ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɪɚɲɭɱɚ ɪɚɫɲɩɿɥɿʆ ɫɚɧɿ ɬɚɪɧɭɸ ɫɭɦɤɭ ɋɟɪ>ɚɮɿɦɤɚ@ ɉɪɵɣɲɨʆɲɵ ɞɚɦɨʆ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɚɧɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɡɚɫɧɨʆɞɚɥɚ ɩɚ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɠɵɬɥɟ ɚɯɨɩɥɟɧɚɹ ɧɨɜɵɦ ɤɥɨɩɚɬɚɦ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɚɝɥɟɞɡɟɰɶ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɹɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɧɹɞɚʆ ɧɹɝɚ ɪɚɡɨɪɭ ɱɵɦ ɹɧɚ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɤɚɪɦɿɰɶ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɚɝɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɋɚɥɚ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɯɥɟɛɚ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ Ⱥɥɟ ʆ ɫɟɧɰɚɯ ɹɧɚ ɡɧɚɣɲɥɚ ʆ ɤɨɪɚɛɟ ɩɚɞ ɥɚɜɚɣ ɡ ɩɭɞ ɹɱɦɟɧɸ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɚ ɧɚɦɚɥɨɱ ɚɧɚɝɚ ɫɚ ɫ ɜɚɿɯ ɫɨɬɚɤ ± ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɬɵɹ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɿ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɩɪɚɦɿɧɭɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ʆɡɹɥɿ əɱɦɟɧɶ ɹɧɚ ɩɚ ɬɚʆɱɷ ɧɚ ɤɪɭɩɵ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɤɭɰɶɰɹ ɰɿ ɤɪɭɩɧɿɤ ɭ ɬɵɦ ɺɣ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɩɚɲɷɧɰɿɥɚ Ƚɨɪɲ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿ ɡɹɪɧɹɰɿ ɡɛɨɠɠɚ ɧɚ ɯɥɟɛ Ɂɚɬɨɟ ʆ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɦ ɩɚɥɿɜɚɧɵɦ ɫɬɚɪɚɫɶɜɟɰɤɿɦ ɝɚɪɥɚɱɵ ɰɺɪɥɟ ɹɧɚ ʆɛɟɪɚɝɥɚ ɚɞ ɦɵɲɷɣ ɿ ɡɥɨɞɡɟɹʆ ɤɿɥɚɝɪɚɦɚʆ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɥɟ ɬɚɲɧɹɝɚ ɛɨɛɭ ± ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɚɝɚɪɨɞɭ ɇɭ ɿ ɛɭɥɶɛɚɱ ɤɚ Ȼɭɥɶɛɚɱɤɚ ɹɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɹ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɚɹ ɭɫɺ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɜɵɛɪɚɰɶ ɚɞɤɥɚɞɜɚɥɚ ɿ ɜɨ ɞɚɚɞɤɥɚɞɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɇɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɬɪɷ ɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚɤɚɩɚɰɶ ɛɭɥɶɛɵ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɟ ɫɶɰɹɦɧɟɥɚɫɹ ɍɠɨ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɭ ɰɟɦɪɵ ɹɧɚ ɤɚɥɭɩɚɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɪɵɞɥɺʆɤɚɣ ɭ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɛɚɪɚɡɺɧɤɚɯ ɫɚɛɪɚɥɚ ɧɹɩɨʆɧɵ ɤɨɲɵɤ ɹɤ ɩɚɱɭɥɚ * ɇɚ ɝɷɬ ɵɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ ʆ ɪɭɤɚɩɿɫɟ ɫɬɚɿɰɶ ɚ ʆɬɚɪɫɤɚɟ ɲɦɚɬɤɪɨɩ ɟ ² ɜɟɪɚɝ ɨɞɧɚ ɞɡ ɟɥɹ ɧɚɡɜɵ ɰɵɝɚɪɷ ɬɚʆ
ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɱɵɣɫɶ ɧɟɞɚɥɺɤɿ ɝɨɥɚɫ Ƚɨɥɚɫ ɛ ɵʆ ɰɿɯɿ ɦɭɠɱɵɧɫɤɿ ɿ ɱ ɭʆɫɹ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɤɭ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɧɚɝɚɞɚɥɚ ɬɵɯ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧ ɤɚʆ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɨ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɟ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɿ ± ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɡɪɚɡɭ ɦɟɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɦɵɥɿɥɚɫɹ ɹɤ ɭɛɚɱɵɥɚ ʆ ɩɪɵɰɟɦɤɚɯ ɱɚɥɚɜɟ ɤɚ ɹɤɿ ɰɿɯɚ ɱɚɤɚʆ ɹɟ əɧɚ ɧɹɫɶɦɟɥɚ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɚ ɡ ɤɨɲɵɤɚɦ ɿ ɪɵɞɥɺʆɤɚɣ ɭ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɿ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɫɬɪɵɦɚɧɚ ɩɚɜɿɬɚʆɫɹ ± ɒɬɨ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɠɵɜɚɹ" ± ɀɵɜɚɹ ± ɚɞɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɹɧɚ ɦɚɪɭɞɧɚ ɧɿɛɵ ɧɚɜɨɛɦɚɰɚɤ ɩɚɡɧɚɸɱɵ ɱ ɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ Ɂɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵʆ ɤɨɥɿɲɧɿ ɦɟ ɫɬɚɱɤɨɜɵ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɤ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ Ⱥɥɟ ɹɤ ɺɧ ɚɩɵɧɭʆɫɹ ɬɭɬ ɡɚ ɞɜɚɰɰɚɰɶ ɤɿɥɚɦɟɬɪɚʆ ɚɞ ɦɹɫɬɷɱɤɚ" ± ȱ ɯɚɬɚ ɝɥɹɞɠɭ ɭɰɚɥɟɥɚ" ± Ⱦɡɟ ɬɚɦ ɭɰɚɥɟɥɚ ± ɰɿɯɚ ɩɚɫɤɚɪɞɡɿɥɚɫɹ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ± Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɲɬɨ ɫɶɰɟɧɵ Ⱥ ɬɚɤ ɧɿ ɫɬɪɚɯɿ ɧɿ ɜɨɤɧɚʆ ȱ ɩɟɱ ɩɚɬ ɪɷɫɤɚɥɚɫɹ ɜɨ ɤɨɦɿɧ« ± ɍ ɞɪɭɝɿɯ ɿ ɬɚɝɨ ɧɟ ɚɫɬɚɥɚɫɹ ± ɇɟ ɚɫɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɚɝɚ ɍɫɟ Ʌɸɛɚɲɵ ɫɩɚɥɿɥɿ ± ȱ Ʌɸɛɚɲɵ ɿ ɀɚʆɪɵɞɵ ɿ ȼɨɫɬɪɚɜɚ ± ɋɬɪɚɯ ɚɞɡɿɧ ± ɇɭ ɞɵɤ ɦɨ ɡɨɣɞɡɟɦ ɭ ɯɚɬɭ" ± ɇɭ ɲɬɨ ɠ« ȼɵ ɠ ɬɭɬ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɟɹɤ« əɲɱɷ ɡ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɟɦ ± Ⱦɡɟɫɹɰɶ ɝɚɞɨʆ ɬɚɦɭ ± ɩɚɰɶɜɟɪɞɡɿʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ əɧɚ ɚɞɱɵɧɿɥɚ ɞɡɶɜɟɪɵ ʆ ɫɟɧɰɵ ɩɪɚɣɲɥɚ ɚɞɬɭɥɶ ɭ ɰɺɦ ɧɭɸ ɯɚɬɭ Ɍ ɭɬ ɹɤ ɿ ɧɚ ɜɭɥɿɰɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɵɫɬɭɞɠɚɧɚ ɯɨɥɚɞ ɧɚ ɡ ɩɚɡɚɬ ɵɤɚɧɵɯ ɩɚɞɭɲɤɚ ɦɿ ɿ ɪ ɵɡɶɡɺɦ ɜɨɤɧɚʆ ɰɿɯɚ ɞɡɶɦɭʆ ɜɟɰɟɪ ± ɐɺɦɧɚ ɩɚɫɶɜɹɰɿɰɶ ɧɹɦɚ ɱɵɦ ± ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɹɧɚ ± ȼɨ ɬɭɬ ɧɚ ʆɫɥɨɧ ɫɹɞɚɣɰɟ ± Ⱥ ɫɶɜɹɰɿɰɶ ɿ ɧɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɧɹ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫ ± ɩɚɝɚɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɝɨɫɶɰɶ ± ə ɬɭɬ ɜɨ ɫɹɞɭ ± Ⱥɝɚ ɜɨ ɬɭɬ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɡ ɭɡɞɵɯɚɦ ɚɩɭɫɶɰɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ʆɫɥɨɧ ɩɟ ɪɚɞ ɩɟɱɱɭ ɿ ɡɦɨʆɤ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɦɚʆɱɚɥɚ ɱɚɤɚɸɱɵ ɩɚɱɭɰɶ ɚɞ ɝɨɫɶɰɹ ɩɪɚ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɨɣ ɭɫɺ ɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɹɟ ± ɏɬɨ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɹɲɱɷ ʆɰɚɥɟʆ ɭ ɞɡɹɪɷʆɧɿ" ± ɍɫɺ ɩɚɩɚɥɟɧɚ Ɂ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɤɚɧɰɚ ɞɵɤ ɚɞɧɚ ɯɚɬɚ ɿ ɚɫɬɚɥɚ ɫɹ 34
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
± Ɂɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɩɚɲɷɧɶɰɿɥɚ ɬɚɛɟ ± ɉɚɲɷɧɶɰɿɥɚ ± Ɂɧɨʆ ɩɚɦɚʆɱɚɥɿ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɱɚɥɚ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɧɟɩɚɤɨɿɰɰɚ ɛɨ ɦɟɥɚ ɲɦɚɬ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɹɤ ɡɜɚɪɵɰɶ ɛɨɛɭ ɰɿ ɬɚʆ ɱɵ ɤɪɭɩɵ ɚ ɝɷɬɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɡɚɣɦɚʆ ɱɚɫ ɧɹ ɤɚɠɭɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɹɦɭ ɬɪɷɛɚ ȱ ɬɚɞɵ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɱɭɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɞɵɯɚɟ ɺɧ ɡ ɧɚɬɭɝɚɣ ɧɟɹɤ ɱɚɫɬɚ ɿ ɞɪɨɛɧɟɧɶɤɚ ɹɤ ɞɵɯɚɸɰɶ ɞɭɠɚ ɩɪɚɫɬɭɞɠɚ ɧɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ± ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ɦɧɟ« ɉɟɪɚɧɚɱɚɜɚɰɶ ɬɪɷɛɚ ± ȼɨ ɹɤ ± ɚɦɚɥɶ ɲɱɵɪɚ ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɹɧɚ ± ȱ ɝɷɬɚ ɩɪɚɫɬɵʆ ɹ ± Ⱥɣ ɹɣ ± ɩɚɫɩɚɱɭɜɚɥɚ ɹɧɚ ±Ⱥ ɞɨɦɚ« ± ɍ ɬɵɦ ɬɚ ɿ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɲɬɨ ɞɚɦɨʆ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ɦɧɟ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɹɤ ɩɚɪɰɟɣɧɚɦɭ« ɋɭɫɟɞ ɠɚ ʆ ɦɹɧɟ ɩɪɵɣɲɨʆ Ⱥɫɨʆɫɤɿ Ɍ ɨɣ ɪɷɩɪɷɫɿɪɚɜɚɧɵ« ± Ⱥɣ ɹɣ ± ɡɭɫɿɦ ɭɠɨ ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɚɞ ɩɚɪɨ ɝɭ Ɋɷɩɪɷɫɚɜɚɧɚɝɚ ɱ ɚɬɵɪɵ ɝɚɞɵ ɬɚɦɭ Ⱥɫɨʆɫɤɚɝɚ ɹɧɚ ɡ ɛ ɨɥɶ ɲɚɝɚ ɜɟɞɚɥɚ ɛɚɱɵɥɚ ɧɚ ɜɭɥɿɰɵ ɹɤ ɠɵɥɚ ʆ ɛɪɚɬɚ ʆ ɦɹɫ ɬɷɱɤɭ Ȭɧ ɡɚʆɠɞɵ ɡɚɞɭɦɟɧɧɚ ɯɚɞɡɿʆ ɡ ɩɚɪɬɮɟɥɟɦ ɬɚɤɿ ɧɟɦɚɥɚɞɵ ʆɠɨ ɦɭɠɱɵɧɚ ʆ ɚɤɭɥɹɪɚɯ ɛɹɡ ɞɭɠɚɤ ɡ ɬɨɧɤɚɣ ɫɿɜɚɜɚɬɚɣ ɛɚɪɨɞɤɚɣ ɿ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɧɿ ɡ ɤɿɦ ɧɟ ɜɿɬɚʆɫɹ ɛɵ ɧɟ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɚʆ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ Ʉɚɡɚɥɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɝɷɬɵ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɜɵ ɫɬɭɩɚʆ ɫɭɩɪɚɰɶ Ⱥɫɨʆɫɤɚɝɚ ɿ ɤɚɥɿ ɬɨɣ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɜɹɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɵɤ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ« ± Ⱦɵɤ ɝɷɬɚ ɫɚɦɚɟ« ɍɠɨ ɬɵ ɦɹɧɟ ɧɟ ɩɪɚɝɨɧɿɲ" ± Ⱥɣ ɲɬɨ ɜɵ ɤɚɠɚɰɟ əɤ ɠɚ ɹ ɩɪɚɝɚɧɸ ± ȼɨ ɹ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ɧɟ ɩɪɚɝɨɧɿɰɶ ɍɫɺ ɠ ɦɵ ɡ ɹɟ ɛɪɚɬɚɦ ɜɭɧɶ ɹɤ ɫɹɛɪɚɜɚɥɿ Ȭɧ ɞɭɠɚ ɡɚɤɚɲɥɹʆɫɹ ± ɤɟɩɫɤɿɦ ɡɚɫɬɚɪɷɥɚ ɩɪɚɫɬɭɞɧɵɦ ɤɚɲɥɟɦ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɚɞɬɚ ɬɪɭɞɧɚ ɚɞɤɚɲɥɿɜɚɟɰɰɚ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɯɪɵɩɿɰɶ ɭ ɝɪɭɞɡɹɯ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɧɚɯɦɭɪɵɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɞɭɲɵ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɬɪɷ ɛɚ ɩɚɦɚɝɱɵ ɯɜɨɪɚɦɭ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɭ ɚɥɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɿ ɛɨɹɡɧɚ ɚ ɪɚɩ ɬɚɦ ɭɪɚɧɤɭ ɡɧɨʆ ɩɪɵɩɪɭɰɰɚ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɿ" ɍɠɨ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɹɧɵ ɧɹ ɥɟɩɲɵɹ ɡɚ ɬɚɝɨ Ⱥɫɨʆɫɤɚɝɚ ɿ ɹɤ ɛɵ ɧɟ ɧɚ ɤɥɿɤɚɰɶ ɛɹɞɵ ɧɚ ɚɛɨɞɜɭɯ" ɇɭ ɚɥɟ ɿ ɹɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɚɞɦɨɜɿɰɶ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɭ ɩɚ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɯɚɥɚɞɷɱɵ" ± ȼɨɫɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɟɱ ɭ ɦɹɧɟ ɫɶɰɸɞɡɺɧɚɹ ɞɵɦ ɧɹ ɣɞɡɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɜɵ ʆɠɨ ʆ ɡɚɩɟɱɤɭ« ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɧɭ
± Ⱦɨɛɪɚ ± ɡ ɩɚɤɨɪɚɣ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɿ ʆɫɬɚʆ ɡ ɭɫɥɨ
əɧɚ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɤɿɧɭɥɚ ɩɚɤɥɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɤɭ ʆ ɡɚɩɟɱɱɵ ɩɚɞɛɿɥɚ ɫɜɚɸ ɩɚɞɭɲɤɭ Ȭɧ ɥɺɝ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɚɧɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɧɚ ɤɪɵɥɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɫɬɚɪɵɦ ɤɚɠɭɯɨɦ ɋɥɚɛɵɦ ɝɨɥɚɫɚɦ ɺɧ ɩɚɩ ɪɚɫɿʆ ± Ɇɨɠɚ ɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɱɵɦ ɧɚɤɪɵɟɰɟ" Ⱥ ɬɨ ɤɚɥɨɰɿɰɶ ɭɫɹɝɨ əɧɚ ɧɚɛɪɚɥɚ ɧɟɣɤɿɯ ɬɪɚɧɬɚʆ ɡ ɲɚɫɬɤɚ ɿ ɞɨɛɪɚ ʆɯɭɬɚɥɚ ɿ ɝɚɥɚɜɭ ɿ ɧɨɝɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɹɤɿ ɱɭɬɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɤɚɥɚɰɿʆɫɹ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɩɚɞ ɜɨɩɪɚɬɤɚɣ ± Ɂɺɥɚɤ ɜɚɦ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɡɜɚɪɵɰɶ ɇɭ ɜɵ ɥɹɠɵɰɟ ɚ ɹ ɦɨɠɚ ɭ ɝ ɪɭɛɰɵ ɪɚɫɩɚɥɸ ɍɫɺ ɤɚɲɥɹɸɱɵ ɺɧ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɡɚɩɟɱɤɭ ɚ ɹɧɚ ɩɪɵɧɟɫ ɥɚ ɞɪɨʆ ɿ ʆɡɹɥɚɫɹ ɪɚɫɩɚɥɶɜɚɰɶ ɭ ɝɪɭɛɰɵ ɋɩɚɤɜɚɥɹ ɧɟɹɤ ɧɟɚɯɜɨɬɧɚ ɬɵɹ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɡɚɝɚɪɷɥɿɫɹ Ⱦɵɦ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɿɲɨʆ ɩɪɚɡ ɞɡɶɜɟɪɰɵ ɚ ɬɪɨɯɿ ʆ ɤɨɦɿɧ ± ɭɫɺ ɠ ɛɵɥɨ ɥɟɩɲ ɱɵɦ ɭ ɩɟɱɵ ɡ ɹɤɨɣ ɺɧ ɭ ɜɟɫɶ ɜɚɥɿʆ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɱɚɥɟɫɶɧɿɤ ɭ ɯɚɬɭ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɜɨɫɶ ɡɜɚɪɵɰɶ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɝɪɭɛɰɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɟɫɧɚ ɿ ɧɹɡɪɭɱɧɚ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɤɚɥɿ ɡɛɨɥɶɲɚɝɚ ɩɪɚɝɚɪɚɰɶ ɞɪɨɜɵ ɇɚɤɚɲɥɹʆɲɵɫɹ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɡɚɫɧɭʆ ɍ ɯɚɰɟ ɹɤ ɡɚʆɠɞɵ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɰɿɯɚ ɿ ɝɥɭɯɚ ɞɪɨɜɵ ɩɚɰɿɯɭ ɝɚɪɷɥɿ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɩɪɵɦɚɫɶɰɿʆɲɵɫɹ ɧɚ ʆɫɥɨɧɱɵɤɭ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɞɡɶɜɟɪɰɚɦɿ ɝɪɭɛɤɿ ɭɡɹɥɚɫɹ ɚɛɿɪɚɰɶ ɛɭɥɶɛɭ Ɇɚɥɟɧɶɤɿ ɱɵɝɭɧɨɤ ɡ ɜɚɞɨɣ ɧɟɹɤ ɭɥɚɞɤɚɜɚɥɚ ɡɛɨɱ ɥɹ ɚɝɧɸ ± ɝɷɬɚ ɧɚ ɡɺɥɤɿ ɍ ɫɟɧɰɚɯ ɭ ɹɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɩɚɫɟɧɚ ɡ ɥɟɬɚ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɫɭɲɨɧɚɝɚ ɦɚɥɿɧɶɧɿɤɭ ɱɚɛɚɪɭ ʆ ɦɹɲɷɱɤɭ ɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɬɪɚɜɵ ± ɡɚɹɱɵɯ ɯ ɜɨɫɶɰɿɤɚʆ ɹɤɚɹ ɤɚɡɚɥɿ ɞɭɠɚ ɩɚɦɚɝɚɥɚ ɚɞ ɩɪɚɫɬɭɞɵ Ⱦɚʆɧɨ ɧɹ ɛɟɥɟɧɵ ɚɛɲɤɪɷɛɚɧɵ ɛɨɤ ɝ ɪɭɛɤɿ ɩɚɬɪɨɯɭ ɰɹɩɥɟʆ ɚɥɟ ɯɨɥɚɞ ɭ ɯɚɰɟ ɚɞ ɬɚɝɨ ɧɹ ɦɟɧɲɚʆ ɩɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɚɦɭ ɩɪɚɡ ɲɱɵɥɿɧɵ ɡ ɜɨɤ ɧɚʆ ɡɚɞɭɜɚʆ ɜɟɰɟɪ Ɂɜɵɤɥɚ ɝɨɧɹɱɵ ɡ ɛɭɥɶɛɿɧɵ ɬɨɧɤɭɸ ɚɰɹɪɨɛɤɭ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɩɪɚ ɛɪɚɬɚ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɹ Ȭɧ ɛɵʆ ɚɞɧɚɝɨɞɚɤ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɹɧɵ ɪ ɚɡɚɦ ɜɭɱɵɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɩɟɞ ɬɷɯɧɿɤɭɦɟ ɹɲɱɷ ʆ ɬɵɹ ɞɚʆɧɿɹ ɝɚɞɵ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɦɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɚɦɿ ɩɪɵɟɯɚɥɿ ʆ ɦɹɫɬɷɱɤɚ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɱɚɰɶ ± Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɜɵɤɥɚ ɞɚɰɶ ɝɿɫɬɨɪɵɸ ɿ ɝɪɚɦɚɞɚɡɧɚʆɫɬɜɚ ɚ ɹɟ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɣ ± ɛɟɥɚ ɪɭɫɤɭɸ ɦɨɜɭ ɿ ɥɿɬɚɪɚɬɭɪɭ əɧɵ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɫɹɛɪɚɜɚɥɿ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɤɜɚɬɚɪɚɜɚɥɿ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɭ ɞɨʆɝɿɦ ɹɤ ɫɬɚɞɨɥɚ ɛɭɞɵɧ ɤɭ ɤɪɵɜɨɝɚ Ɋɵʆɤɿɧɞɚ ɡɚ ɫɿɧɚɝɨɝɚɣ ɚɠ ɩɨɤɭɥɶ Ɇɿɤɨɥɚ ɧɟ 36
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɚɠɚɧɿʆɫɹ ɡ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɰɚɣ ɩɚɱɚɬɤɨɜɵɯ ɤɥɚɫɚʆ Ɍ ɚɞɵ Ⱦɡɟɦɿ ɞɨɜɿɱ ɿ ɩɟɪɚɣɲɨʆ ɧɚ ɤɜɚɬɷɪɭ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ Ⱥɫɨʆɫɤɚɝɚ əɤ ɭ ɛɪɚɬɚ ɧɚɪɚɞɡɿɥɚɫɹ ɞɚɱɭɲɤɚ Ⱥɥɟɧɤɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɟɪɚɛɪɚ ɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɜɺɫɤɿ ʆ ɦɹɫɬɷɱɤɚ ɧɹɧɶɱɵɰɶ ɦɚɥɭɸ ɿ ɫɩɚɤɜɚɥɹ ɡɪɚ ɛɿɥɚɫ ɹ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɩɚ ʆɧɚʆɥɚɞɧɚɣ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɵɧ ɹɸ ʆ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɚɣ ɛɪɚɬɚɜɚɣ ɫɹɦɟɣɰɵ ɞɚɝɥɹɞɚɥɚ ɦɚɥɭɸ ɯɚɞɡɿɥɚ ɧɚ ɤɿɪɦɚɲ ɭ ɥɚʆɤɿ ɩɪɵɛɿɪɚɥɚ ɝɚɬɚɜɚɥɚ ɟɠɭ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɤɚɦ ɹɤɿɦ ɡɚʆɠ ɞɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɤɚɥɿ ɭɜɟɫɶ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɪɚɛɿɥɿ ʆ ɲɤɨɥɟ ɚ ʆɜɟɱɚɪɵ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɧɚɞ ɫɲɵɬɤɚɦɿ ɪ ɵɯɬɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ʆɪɨɤɚʆ Ⱥɩɪɨɱ ɬɚɝɨ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɣ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ʆɰɹɝɧɭʆɫɹ ʆ ɝɪɚɦɚɞɫɤɿɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ɫɬɚɜɿʆ ɭ ɊȾɄ ɫɶɩɟɤɬɚɤɥɿ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɩɚɪɭ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɜɚɞɡɿʆ ɬɭɞɵ ɿ ɹɟ ± ɹɤ ɿɝɪɚʆ ɫɚɦ ɡ ɠɨɧɤɚɸ əɞɡɶɜɿɝɚɣ ȱɜɚɧɚʆɧɚɣ ɉɨɦɧɿɰɶ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɚɫɬɚɧɨʆɤɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɞɭɠɚ ɫɶɦɟɲɧɚɹ ± ɹɤ ɞɚ ɦɚ ɥɚɞɨɣ ɞɡɹʆɱɵɧɵ ɩɚɞɛɿɜɚʆɫɹ ɩɚɠɵɥɵ ɲɥɹɯɰɸɤ ɚ ɹɧɚ ɧɟ ɯɚɰɟɥɚ ɜɵɯɨɞɡɿɰɶ ɡɚ ɹɝɨ ɛɨ ɤɚɯɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɦ ɯɥɨɩɰɚɦ Ⱦɭɠɚ ɫɶɦɹɹɥɿɫɹ ɬɚɞɵ ʆɫɟ ɚ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɣ ɿ ɿɧɲɵɹ ɚɪɬɵɫɬɵ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɪɚɞɚɫɧɚ ɤɥɚɧɹɥɿɫɹ ɫɚ ɫɰɷɧɵ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɨʆɧɿɥɚɫɹ ɝɨɧɚɪɚɦ ɬɚɤ ɺɣ ɯɚɰɟɥɚɫɹ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɭɫɿɦ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɠ ɹɟ ɪɨɞɧɵ ɛɪɚɬ ɬɚɤɿ ɡɞɚɬɧɵ ɚɪɬɵɫɬ Ɂɞɚɟɰɰɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɬɚɞɵ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ʆɞɡɟɥɶɧɿɱɚʆ ɭ ɩ¶ɟɫɟ ɚ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɹɧɵ ʆɫɿɦ ɝɭɪɬɨɦ ɡɚɜɿɬɚɥɿ ɞɚ ɿɯ ɧɚ ɤɜɚɬɷɪɭ ɜɵɩɿɜɚɥɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ɱɚɫɬɚɜɚɥɚ ɿɯ ɤɥɺɰɤɚɦɿ ± ɛɵɥɨ ɬɨɟ ɹɤɪɚɡ ɧɚ ɦɹɫɚɟɞ ɩɚɫɹ ɪɨɞ ɡɿɦɵ Ɍ ɚɤ ɫɹɛɪɚɜɚɥɿ ɩɪɚɰɚɜɚɥɿ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɿ ɲɬɨ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚ ɫɹ ɩɚɦɿɠ ɿɦɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɥɚ ɞɚɝɷɬɭɥɶ ɉɚɦɹɬɚɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɹɤ ɚɞɧɨɣɱɵ ɩɨɡɧɚ ɩɪɵɣɲɨʆɲɵ ɡ ɧɟɣɤɚɝɚ ɫɯɨɞɭ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɣ ɡɞɚʆɫɹ ɺɣ ɧɚɞɬɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɪɨɟɧɵɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɪɚɡɶɸɲɚ ɧɵɦ ɧɚɜɚɬ əɞɡɶɜɿɝɚ ȱɜɚɧɚʆɧɚ ʆɫɺ ʆɝɚɜɨɪɜɚɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɫɭɰɹ ɲɚɥɚ ɚ ɺɧ ɤɪɭɰɿʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɨɣ ɿ ɱɚɝɨɫɶɰɿ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɞɚʆɦɟɰɰɚ ɇɚɡɚʆɬɪɚ ɪɚɧɿɱɤɚɣ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɚɞɧɚ ɡ ɧɹɜɟɫɬɤɚɣ ɋɟɪɚ ɮɿɦɚ ɡɚɩɵɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɪɚ ɛɪɚɬɚ ɿ ɬɚɹ ɫɤɭɩɚ ɚɞɤɚɡɚɥɚ ³ Ⱥɛɜɿ ɧɚɜɚɰɿɥɿ ʆ ɧɚɰɵɹɧɚɥɿɡɦɟ´ ± ³ ɍ ɱɵɦ"´ ± ɧɟ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɚ ɋɟ ɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ³ ɍ ɬɵɦ ɱɚɝɨ ɝɨɪɲ ɧɟ ɛɵɜɚɟ´ ± ɰɶɦɹɧɚ ɪɚɫɬɥɭ ɦɚɱɵɥɚ ɧɹɜɟɫɬɤɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɧɟ ɩɵɬɚɥɚɫɹ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɣ ɩɚɬɪɨɯɭ ɫɬɚʆ ɫɩɚɤɚɣɧɟɰɶ ɩ ɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɚɦɭ ɜɭɱɵʆ ɭ ɲɤɨɥɟ ɚ ɬɨ ɟɡɶɞɡɿʆ ɭ ɪɨɡɧɵɹ ɤɚɦɩ ɚɧɿɿ ɩɚ ɪɚɺɧɟ ± ɹɤɪɚɡ ɿɲɥɚ ɤɚɥɟɤɬɵɜɿɡɚ ɰɵɹ ɿ ɺɧ ɹɤ ɩɚɪɬɵɣɧɵ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɱɵɦ ɭ ɲɤɨ ɥɟ ɛɵʆ ɭ ɪɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɡɶɟɡɞɚɯ ɩɚ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɞɚ ɥɺɤɿɯ ɤɭɬɤɚɯ ɪɚɺɧɭ ɋɶɩɟ ɤɬɚɤɥɹʆ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɧɹ ɫɬɚɜɿɥɿ ɞɨɦɚ ɧɟ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɭ ɊȾɄ ɤɨɠɧɵ ɜɟ ɱɚɪ ɿɲɥɿ ɬɨ ɫɯ ɨɞɵ ɬɨ ɡɶɥɺɬɵ ɬɨ ɤɚɧɮɟɪɷ ɧɰɵɿ ɚɥɟ ɋɟ ɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɧɟ ɯɚɞɡɿɥɚ ɿ ɩɪɚ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɦ ɝ ɚɜɚɪɵɥɿ ɧɹ ɜɟ ɞɚɥɚ əɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɚ ɡ ɬɭɝɨɣ ɹɤ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɣ ɭɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɡɦɪɚɱɧɟʆ ɿ ɦɚɪɧɟʆ ɪɚɛɿʆɫɹ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɵ ɞɨɦɚ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɧɟ ɠɚɪɬɚ ɜɚʆ ɧɚɜɚ ɬ ɡ ɠɨɧɤɚɣ ɿ ɧɟɹɤ ɛɵ ɚɞɰ ɭɪɚʆɫɹ ɞɡɿɰɹ ɲɬɨ ʆɠɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɚ ɋɟɪɚ ɮɿɦɰɵ Ɇɚɥɨɣ Ⱥɥɟɧɰɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɝ ɚɞɤɨʆ ɲɷɫɶɰɶ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɠɜɚɜɚɹ ɫɶɦɹɲ ɥɿɜɚ ɹ ɞɡɹʆɱɵɧɤɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɞɭɠɚ ɥɸɛɿɥɚ ɹɟ ± ɧɚ ɜɚɬ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɡɚ ɛɪɚɬɚ ɡ ɧɹɜɟɫɬɤɚɣ ȱ ɜɨɫɶ ɚɞɧɨɣɱɵ ɹɤ ɹɧɚ ɦɵɥɚ ʆ ɧɚɱɨʆɤɚɯ ɦɚɥɭɸ ɬɚɹ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɿ ɤɚɠɚ ³ Ⱥ ɹ ɜɟɞɚɸ ɱɚɦɭ ɬɚɬɤɚ ʆɱɨɪɚ ɩ ɥɚɤɚʆ´ ± ³ ɉɥɚɤɚʆ"´ ± ɠɚɯɧ ɭɥɚɫɹ ɋɟɪɚɮɿ ɦɤɚ ɬɚɤɨɝɚ ɹɧ ɚ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɞɚɡɪɚɜɚɥɚ ɧɚɜɚɬ ³ ɉɥɚɤɚʆ Ɍ ɚɦɭ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɫɤɪɵɜɿʆ ɥɿɧɿɸ´ ± ɛɚɞɡɺɪɚ ɚɞɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɦɚɥɚɹ ɫɟɞɡɹ ɱɵ ʆ ɦɵɥɶɧɚɣ ɜɚɞɡɟ ³ əɤɭɸ ɥɿɧɿɸ"´ ± ³ ɇɭ ɬɭɸ ɧɭ ɬɭɸ« Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɬɭɸ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɞɡɹɞɡɿ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ʆ ɩɚɪɬ ɮɟɥɿ´ ± ɧɚɞɭ ɦɚɥɚ ɩɥɹɦɟɧɶɧ ɿɰɚ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ɫɶɩɹɪɲɚ ɩɚ ɫɩɚɤɚɣɧɟɥɚ ɚ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɡɚɞɭɦɚɥɚɫɹ Ɇɚɛɵɰɶ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɬɨ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɹ ɬɚɹ ɥɿɧɿɹ ɥɿɧɟɣ ɤɚ ɲɬɨ ɧɚɫɿʆ ɭ ɩɚɪɬɮɟɥɿ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧ ɿɤ ɦɚɥɹɜɚɧɶɧɹ ɉɺɬɪ ɉɹɬɪɨɜɿɱ ɬɨ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɿɧɲɚɹ ɥɿɧɿɹ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɪɚ ɹɟ ɩɥɚɤɚʆ ɞɚɪɨɫɥɵ ɦɭɠɱɵɧɚ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɤ ɹɟ ɛɪɚɬ əɧɚ ʆɫɺ ɯɚɰɟɥɚ ɡɚɩɵɬɚ ɰɰɚ ɩɪɚ ɬɨɟ ʆ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɹ ɞɵ ɧɟ ɧɚɜɚɠɜɚɥɚ ɫɹ ɛɪɚɬ ɩɚ ɪ ɚɧɟɣɲɚɦɭ ɛɵʆ ɧɹɪɜɨɜɵ ɦɚ ʆɤɥɿɜɵ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɱɭɥɚ ɹɧɚ ɭ ɿɯ ɩɚɤɨɣɱɵɤɭ ʆɫɱɵɧɚ ɥɚɫɹ ɫɜɚɪɤɚ ɡ ɠɨɧɤɚɣ ɚɥɟ ɡɚ ɲɬɨ ± ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɧɟ ʆɫɥɭɯɨʆɜɚɥɚ ɫɹ ɡ ɤɭɯɧɿ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɧɟ ɦɚɝɥɚ ³ ɉɪɵɧɰɵɩɨɜɚɫɶɰɶ ɭɯɿɥ ɫɤɪɵʆɥɟɧɶɧɟ´ ± ɤɚɝɨ ɿ ɤɭɞɵ ɯɿɛɚ ɺɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɡ ɹɟ ɬɪɵɦɚ ɤɥɚɫɚɦɿ ɚɞɭɤɚɰɵɿ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɠ ɩɚɦɹɬɚɟ ɧɟɹɤ ɭɜɟɱɚ ɪɵ ɧɚ ɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɜɹɫɧɵ ɞɚ ɿɯ ɡɚɜɿɬɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɡ ɩɚʆɥɿɬ ɪɚɦ ɭ ɤɿɲɚɧɿ ɹɧɚ ɫɚɛɪɚɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɧɿɲɬɨ ɧɚ ɫ ɬɨɥ ɿ ɱɭɥɚ ɹɤ ɹɧɵ ɪɚɡɦɚʆɥɹɥɿ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɫɜɚɪɵɥɿɫɹ ɚɞɧɚɤ ± ɡɚɰɹɬɚ ɿ ɜɚ ɪɨɠɚ ɿ ɪɚɫɫɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɩɨɡɧɚ ɚɩɨʆɧ ɚɱɵ ɡɥɨɫɧɵ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɣ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɹ ʆɫɬɚʆ ɡ ɡɚ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɞɡɿɰɶ ɫɹɛ ɪɚ Ȼɨɥɟɣ Ⱦɡɟ ɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɹɧɚ ʆ ɿɯ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɵɥɚ ɏɭɬɤɚ ɚɞɧɚ ɤ ɹɧɚ ɧɚɨɝɭɥ ɧɟ ɡɚɛɚɱɵɥɚ ɛɟɥɚɝɚ ɫɶɜɟɬɭ ɩɥɚɤɚɥɚ ɰɷɥɵɦɿ ɞɧɹɦɿ ɚ ɩɚɫɶ ɥɹ ɿ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɩɟɪ ɚɛɪɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɫɜɚɸ ɩɚɯɿɥɭɸ ɯɚ ɬɤɭ ɧɚ ʆɫɤɪɚɿ ɧɟ Ʌɸɛɚɲɨʆ Ƚɷɬɚ ɹɤ ɛɪɚɬɚ ɚɪɵɲɬɚɜɚɥɿ ɚ ɧɹɜɟɫɬɤɚ əɞɡɶ 38
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɜɿɝɚ ȱɜɚɧɚʆɧɚ ɩɪɚɡ ɦɟɫɹɰ ɚɞɦɨɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɚɞ ɹɝɨ ɧɚ ɧɟɣɤɿɦ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɦ ɫɯɨɞɡɟ ɿ ɞɨɦɚ ɡɥɨɫ ɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɤɚɛ ɋɟɪɚ ɮɿɦɤɚ ɡɶɟɯɚɥɚ ɞɚ ɉɟɪɲɚɦɚɸ ɛɨ ɹɧɚ əɞɡɶɜɿɝɚ ȱ ɜɚɧɚʆɧɚ ɧɹ ɯɨɱɚ ɦɟɰɶ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɚɝ ɭɥɶɧɚɝɚ ɧɿ ɡ ɜɨɪɚɝɚɦ ɧɚɪɨɞɭ ɧɿ ɡ ɹɝɨɧɚɣ ɪɚɞɧɺɣ ɍɠɨ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɝɨɞ ɦɿɧɭɥɚ ɡ ɬɚɟ ɜɹɫɧɵ ɚ ʆɫɺ ɩɨɦɧɿɰɰɚ ɧɿɛɵ ɠɵɜɨɟ ɿ ɛɚɥɿɰɶ ɧɿɛɵ ɝɷɬɚ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ʆɱɨɪɚ ɐɹɠɤɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɰɵ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɯɬɨ ɬɚɞɵ ɛɵʆ ɩɪɚɜɵ ɯɬɨ ɜɿɧɚɜɚ ɬɵ ɿ ʆ ɱɵɦ ɝɪɷɯ ɹɟ ɚɞɡɿɧɚɝɚ ɛɪɚɬɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɿ ɩɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɫɚɞɡɿɥɿ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɞɭɠɚ ɛɚɥɸɱɚ ɺɣ ɧɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɡɚ ɧɹɜɟɫɬɤɭ ɭɠɨ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɤɚɯɚʆ ɹɟ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɣ ɹɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɤɚɯɚɰɶ ɦɭɠɱɵɧɟ ɛɵɜɚɥɚ ɹɤɭɸ ɫɤɜɚɪɤɭ ɧɹ ɡɶɟɫɶɰɶ ± ɭɫɺ ɤɚɛ ɺɣ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ əɤɭɸ ɤɚɩɟɣɱɵɧɭ ± ɺɣ ɧɚ ʆɛɨɪɵ ɤɚɛ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɹ ɝɨɪɲɚɣ ɡɚ ɿɧɲɵɯ Ƚɷɬɚɤ ɝɥɟɞɡɹɱɵ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɚɞɧɨɫɿɥɚɫɹ ɞɚ ɧɹɜɟɫɬɤɿ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɒɚɧɚɜɚɥɿ ʆ ɬɨɣ ɛɪɚɬɚɜɚɣ ɫɹ ɦɟɣɰɵ əɞɡɶɜɿɝɭ ȱɜɚɧɚʆɧɭ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɡɚ ʆɫɿɯ ɚɫɬɚɬɧɿɯ ɇɚɜɚɬ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɡɚ ɦɚɥɭɸ ɹɤɚɹ ʆɫɿɦ ɞɭɠɚ ɩɚɞɚɛɚɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɝɚɞɨʆ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɹɤ ɭɫɩɚɦɿɧɚɥɚ ɹɟ ɞɵɤ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɩɚɱɵɧɚɥɚ ɩɥɚɤɚɰɶ ± ɚɞ ɠɭɪɛɵ ɩɚ ɦɚɥɨɣ Ⱥɥɟɧɰɵ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɫɩɚʆ ɤɟɩɫɤɚ ɡ ɜɟɱɚɪɚ ʆɫɺ ɡɚɰɹɬɚ ɧɚɞɪɵʆ ɧɚ ɤɚɲɥɹʆ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɫɚɝɪɷʆɫɹ ɩɚɞ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɱɵɧɵɦ ɤɚɠɭɲɤɨɦ ɋɹɪɨɞ ɧɚɱɵ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɧɚɩɚɿɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɚɞɦɵɫ ɥɨɜɵɦ ɚɞɜɚɪɚɦ ɡ ɡɺɥɚɤ ɿ ɺɧ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɫɩɚɤɚɣɧɟʆ ɦɨɠɚ ɡɚɫɧɭʆ ɤɪɚɩɱɷɣ Ⱥ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɧɭɥɚ ɞɚ ɪ ɚɧɶɧɹ ɭɫɺ ɩɚɥɿɥɚ ɧɚɝɪɚɜɚɥɚ ɝɪɭɛɤɭ ɤɚɛ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɹɩɥɟɣ ɯɨɰɶ ɭ ɡɚ ɩɟɱɤɭ ɯɨɰɶ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɬɨɟ ʆ ɞɡɿɪɚɜɚɣ ɛ ɵ ɪɷɲɚɬɚ ɯɚɰɟ ɛ ɵɥɨ ɧɹɥɺɝɤɚ Ɂɚɬɵɦ ɜɚɪɵɥɚ ɛɭɥɶɛɭ Ɍ ɚʆɱɵ ɹɱɦɟɧɶ ɭɧɚɱɵ ɹɧɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɜɚɠɵɥɚɫɹ ɛɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɩɚɬɪɵɜɨɠɵɰɶ ɝɨɫɶɰɹ ɿ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɚ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɝɪɭɛɤɚɣ ± ɬɨ ɩɚɞɤɥɚɞɜɚɥɚ ɬɭɞɵ ɞɪɨɜɵ ɬɨ ɡɝɪɚɛɚɥɚ ɞɚ ɤɭɱɵ ɝɚɥɚɜɟɲɤɿ Ɍ ɚɤ ɦɿɧɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɨɱ ɿ ɹɤ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɡɚɧɹɥɨɫɹ ɞɧɟɰɶ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɱɚɥɚ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɰɶ ɤɥɭɦɚɤ ɇɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɧɚɥɿɥɚ ʆ ɫɥɨɿɤ ɫɶɜɟɠɚɣ ɜɚɞɵ ɩɚɤɥɚɥɚ ʆ ɦɟɧɲɵ ɱɵɝɭɧɨɤ ɛɭɥɶɛɵ ɇɚ ɝɷɬɵ ɪɚɡ ɚɞɫɵɩɚɥɚ ɡ ɫɚɥɶɧɿɰɵ ʆ ɱɵɫɬɭɸ ɚɧɭɱɭ ɫɚ ɠɦɟ ɧɸ ɫɨɥɿ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɛ ɹɲɱɷ ʆɡɹɰɶ ɡ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ ɱɵɦ ɩɚɱɚɫɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɧɟɛɚɪɚɤɭ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɚɝɚ Ʌɟɤɚʆ ɚɩɪɨɱ ɡɺ ɥɚɤ ɭ ɹɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɹɤɿɯ ɚɥɟ ɡɺɥɤɿ ɧɟɜɿɞɭɲɱɚɦɭ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɧɟ ɩɚɦɨɝɭɰɶ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɫɩɚʆ ɩɚɞ ɪɚɧɚɤ ɬɪɨɯɭ ɩɟɪɚɫɬɚʆ ɤɚɲɥɹɰɶ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɩɪɵɫɥɭɯɚɥɚɫɹ ɤɚɛ ɭɱɭɰɶ ɹɝɨɧɚɟ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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39
ɞɵɯɚɧɶɧɟ ɩɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɚɦɭ ɱɚɫɬɚɟ ɿ ɯɪɵɩɚɬɚɟ Ȼɭɞɡɿɰɶ ɧɹ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɯɚɣ ɫɶɩɿɰɶ Ɇɨɠɚ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɬɪɵɜɨɠɵɰɶ ɚ ɹɧɚ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɡɶɛɟɝɚɟ ɿ ɜɟɪɧɟɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɫɶɧɹɞɚɧɤɭ ± ɬɪɨɯɿ ɛɭɥɶ ɛɚɱɤɿ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɥɚ ɹɦɭ ɿ ɫɚɛɟ ʆ ɧɚɤɪɵɬɵɦ ɱɵɝɭɧɤɭ ʆ ɝɪɭɛɰɵ ɇɚ ɞɜɚɪɵ ɩɟɪɲ ɱɵɦ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɿ ɧɚ ɜɭɥɿɰɭ ɩɚɫɬɚɹɥɚ ɩɚɫ ɥɭɯɚɥɚ ɉɚɫɶɰɸɞɡɹɧɟɥɵ ɡɚ ɧɨɱ ɜɟɰɟɪ ɧɚɩɿɪɵɫɬɚ ɞɡɶɦɭʆ ɡ ɩɨʆɧɚɱɵ ɚɥɟ ɞɚɠɞɠɭ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ Ɂɚ ɩɥɨɬɚɦ ɠɚɥɚɫɧɚ ɦɹʆ ɤɚʆ ɧɟɣɱɵ ɚɫɿɪɚɰɟɥɵ ɤɨɬ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɡɚɧɭɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɩɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɭ ɇɚ ɫɶɦɹɪɞɡɸɱɵɦ ɫɭɫɟɞɫɤɿɦ ɩɚɠɚɪɵɲɱɵ ɜɟɰɟɪ ɪɚɡɶɞɡɿɦɚʆ ɿɫɤɪɵ ɿ ɬɵɹ ɧɿɡɤɚ ɥɹɰɟɥɿ ɧɚɞ ɚɝɚɪɨɞɚɦ ɭ ɧɟɞɚɥɺɤɿ ɫɚɞɨɤ ɇɚɞ ɩɨɥɟɦ ɭɠɨ ɜɿɞɧɟɥɚ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɩɚɬɭɩɚɥɚ ɡɧɚɺɦɚɣ ɞɚɪɨɠɤɚɣ ɭɡɞɨʆɠ ɛɭɥɶɛɹɧɨɣ ɧɿɜɵ ʆ ɩɨɥɟ >Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ @ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɡɚɫɧɭʆ ɦɨɠɚ ɩɚɞ ɪɚɧɚɤ ɡ ɜɟɱɚɪɭ ɹɝɨ ɪɚɡ ɩɨɪɚɡ ɛɿʆ ɤɚɲɚɥɶ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɺɧ ɧɿ ɫɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚʆ ɹɝɨ ± ɭɫɺ ɪɨʆ ɧɚ ɧɟ ɚɞɱɚɩɥɹʆɫɹ ɚɠ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɝɪɭɞɡɿ ɍɫɺ ɠ ɺɧ ɩɚɫ ɬɭɩɨɜɚ ɫɚɝɪɷʆɫɹ ± ɩɟɪɲɵ ɪɚɡ ɡɚ ɹɤɿɯ ɱɚɬɵɪɵ ɧɚɱɵ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɱɵɧɵ ɡɺɥɤɿ ɦɟɥɿ ɧɟɣɤɭɸ ɫɿɥɭ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɞɭɠɚ ɩɚɤɭɬɜɚʆ ± ɚɞ ɩɪɚɫɬɭɞɵ ɧɟɩɪɵɤɚɹɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɞɭɲɷʆɧɚ ± ɚɞ ɬɚɝɨ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚɤ ɧɟɫɩɚɞɡɺʆɤɿ ɪɭɯɧɭʆ ɫɶɜɟɬ ɞɡɟ ɺɧ ɩɪɵɜɵɤ ɿɫɧɚɜɚɰɶ ɞɡɟɣɧɿɱɚɰɶ ɠɵɰɶ ɉɚɛɭɪɵɥɿɫɹ ʆɫɟ ɡɜɵɤɥɵɹ ɦɟɪɤɿ ɚɞɧɨɫɿɧɵ ɚ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ± ɡɚɝɚɞɤɚɜɚ ɧɟ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɚ ɩɟɪɚɦɹɧɿɥɿɫɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ Ɍ ɵɹ ɤɚɝɨ ɺɧ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɲɦɚɬ ɝɨɞ ɡɚɩɚɪ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɡɦɚɥɤɭ ɡ ɤɿɦ ɠɵʆ ɿ ɩɪɚɰɚɜɚʆ ɝɚɞɚɦɿ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɤɚɥɿ ɝɪɵɦɧɭɥɚ ɝ ɷɬɚɹ ɛɹɞɚ ɫɬɚɥɿ ɧɹ ɬɵɦɿ ɋɬɚɥɿ ɧɟ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɵɦɿ ɱɭɠɵɦɿ ɞɚ ɥɚɞɭ ɰɿ ɧɹɞɨɛɪɵɦɿ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɚɫɚɛɿ ɫɬɚ ± ɯɬɨ ɜɟɞɚɟ Ⱦɨɛɪɚ ɛ ɵɥɨ ɬɚɦɭ ɯɬɨ ɩɚɫɶɩɟʆ ɞɚɥɭɱɵɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɚɪɦɿɿ ± ɭɫɺ ɠ ɜɨɣɫɤɚ ɡɶɹɞɧɨʆɜɚɟɰɰɚ ɞɵɫɰɵɩɥɿɧɚɣ ɡɚ ɝɚɞɚɦ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɵɫɹɝɚɣ ɭɪɷɲɰɟ Ⱥ ɹɤ ɜɨɫɶ ɬɵɦ ɲɬɨ ɦɭɫɿɥɿ ɡɚɫɬɚɰɰɚ ɩɚɞ ɚɤɭɩɚɰɵɹɣ ɹɤ ɿɦ ɛɵɰɶ" Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɹɲɱɚɫɶɰɟ ɯɨɰɶ ɿ ɥɿɱɵʆɫɹ ɤɚɥɿɫɶ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚɦ ɡɚ ɩɚɫɭ ɚɥɟ ɡ ɩɪɵɱɵɧɵ ɯɜɚɪɨɛɵ ɧɚ ɫɭɯɨɬɵ ɛɵʆ ɫɶɩɿɫɚɧɵ ɡ ɜɨɣɫɤɚ ɩɚ ɱɵɫɬɚɣ ɩɪɚ ɜɨɣɫɤɚ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɦɚɪɵɰɶ Ɍ ɚɤ ɫɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɬɭɬ ɩɚɞ ɧɟɦɰɚɦ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɦɟʆ ɫɺɟ ɬɨɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɶɧɟ ɚɞ ɚɞɩɚɜɟɞɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɚʆ Ⱥɥɟ ɜɨ ± ɜɵɩɚɞɚɤ ɐɿ ɺɧ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɠ ɹɤ ɩɪɵɣɞɭɰɶ ɧɟɦ 40
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɰɵ ɭ ɦɹɫɬɷɱɤɭ ɩɚɹɜɿɰɰɚ ɿ Ⱥɫɨʆɫɤɿ ɬɨɣ ɫɚɦɵ ɩɪɚɜɵ ʆɤɥɚɧɿɫɬ ɞɚ ɜɵɤɪɵɰɶɰɹ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɧɟɤɚɥɿ ɩɪɵɤɥɚʆ ɪɭɤɭ ɿ Ⱦɡɟ ɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɉɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɚ ɩɪɵɤɥɚʆ ɛɨ ɬɚɤɨɝɚ ɹɤ ɝɷɬɵ ɿɧɫɶɩɟɤ ɬɚɪ ɪɚɣɚɧɚ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɷɩɪɷɫɚɜɚɰɶ ɹɲɱɷ ɝɚɞɨʆ ɧɚ ɞɡɟ ɫɹɰɶ ɪɚɧɟɣ Ⱦɵ ɬɚɞɵ ɡɜɚɠɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɚɝɿɱɧɵ ɜɨɩɵɬ ɜɵɫɨɤɭɸ ɚɞɭɤɚɰɵɸ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɟɲ ɫɤɨɧɱɵʆ ɉɟɰɹɪɛɭɪɝɫɤɿ ɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɿɬɷɬ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɤɚɦɭ ɧɟ ɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɱɚɦɭ ɜɭɱɵɥɿ ʆ ɬɵɦ ɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɿɬɷɰɟ Ⱦɵ ɿ ɡ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɤɥɚɫɭ ɩɚɯɨɞɡɿʆ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɧɟ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɜɵɫɶɜɟɬɥɟɧɵɦ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɠɚ ɫɤɨɧɱɵʆ ɩɟɞɬɷɯɧɿ ɤɭɦ ɚɥɟ ɺɧ ɛɵʆ ɫɵɧɚɦ ɫɟɥɹɧɿɧɚ ɩɚɪɚɛɤɚ ɧɚ ɠɚɥɶ ɧɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɚɝɚ ɹɤ ɿɯɧɿ ɡɚɝɪɚɣɚɧɚ Ʉɪɭɤɚʆ ɿ ʆɠɨ ʆ ɤɥɚɫɚɜɵɯ ɩɵɬɚɧɶɧɹɯ ɹɦɭ ɧɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɲɦɚɬ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɪɚɰɰɚ ± ɤɥɚɫɚ ɜɵɹ ɿɧɬɚɪɷɫɵ ɺɧ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɧɭɬɪɨɦ ɋɬɵɱɤɿ ɡ Ⱥɫɨʆɫɤɿɦ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɱɚɥɿɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ʆ ɬɪɵɰɰɚɬɵɦ ɝɨɞɡɟ ɹɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿ ɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɪɵɟɯɚʆ ɭ ɦɹɫɬɷɱɤɚ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɤɚɦ ɿ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɩɪɵɦɚɰɶ ɚɤɬɵʆɧɵ ʆɞɡɟɥ ɭ ɝɪɚɦɚɞɫɤɿɦ ɠɵɰɶɰɿ ɫɶɩɹɪɲɚ ɤɚɦɫɚɦɨ ɥɭ ɚ ɡɚɬɵɦ ɿ ɩɚɪɬɵɿ ɹɤ ɫɬɚʆ ɩɚɪɬɵɣɰɚɦ ɛɚɥɶɲɚɜɿɤɨɦ ɋɬɵɱɤɿ ɚɞɛɵɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɡɛɨɥɶɲɚɝɚ ɩɚ ɬɨɣ ɩɪɵɱɵɧɟ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫ ɹɤ ɺɧ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɭɫɿɦɿ ɫɿɥɚɦɿ ɿ ɩɚɦɤɧɟɧɶɧɹɦɿ ɩɚɞɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚʆ ɩɚɥɿɬɵɤɭ ɩɚɪɬɵɿ ɿ ɤɿɪɚʆɧɿɰɬɜɚ ɝɷɬɵ Ⱥɫɨʆɫɤɿ ɡ ɭɫɹɝɨ ɿɦɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɷɧɶɧɟ ɧɚɤɨɧɬ ɤɨɠɧɚɣ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɿɿ ɺɧ ɦɟʆ ɫɜɚɸ ɞɭɦɤɭ ȱ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ± ɧɚɯɚɛɧɚ ɜɵɤɚɡ ɜɚʆ ɹɟ ɧɟ ɡɜɚɠɚɸɱɵ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɚ ɩɪɵɫɭɬɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɡ ɪɚɺɧɭ ɰɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɡ ɚɤɪɭɝɿ ɹɤ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɪɚɡ ɬɨɟ ɬɥɭɦɚɱɵʆ ± ɩɚ ɩɪɚɜɭ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɚ ɛɚɥɶɲɚɜɿɤɚ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɚɣ ɫɩɪɚɜɟ ɞɚʆɧɨ ɛɟɫ ɩɚɪɬɵɣɧɚɝɚ ɛɨ ɹɲɱɷ ʆ ɞɜɚɰɰɚɬɵɹ ɝɚɞɵ ɹɝɨ ɜɵɱɵɫɶɰɿɥɿ ɡ ȼɄɉ ɛ
ɇɚɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɚ ɲɬɨ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɬɪɵɜɚɰɶ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɜɵɥɚɡɚɤ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɧɟ ɡɚɦɚɫɤɿɪɚɜɚɧɚɝɚ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɿ ɞɚɜɚʆ ɹɦɭ ɧɚɥɟɠɧɵ ɚɞɩɨɪ ɍɫɺ ɬɨɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɚ ɿ ɩɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɬɚɝɨ ɱɚɫɭ ɯɿɛɚ ʆ ɹɝɨɧɵɦ ɜɵɩɚɞɤɭ ɬɪɨɯɿ ʆɫɤɥɚɞɧɿɥɚɫɹ ɬɨɸ ɚɤɚɥɿɱɧɚɫɶɰɸ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɤɜɚɬɚɪɚɜɚʆ ɭ ɞɨɦɟ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɫɚɦɚɝɚ Ⱥɫɨʆɫɤɚɝɚ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡ ɰɚɪɤɜɨɣ ɿ ɹɤ ɬɚɝɨ ɪɷɩ ɪɷɫɚɜɚɥɿ ɡɚɧɹʆ ɹɝɨɧɭɸ ɤɜɚɬɷɪɭ ɇɭ ɚɥɟ ɹɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟ ɡɚ ɧɹɰɶ ɩɭɫɬɵ ɞɨɦ ± ɠɨɧɤɚ Ⱥɫɨʆɫɤɚɝɚ Ɇɚɪɝɚɪɵɬɚ Ʌɟɚɩɨɥɶ ɞɚʆɧɚ ɬɚɞɵ ɡɶɟɯ ɚɥɚ ʆ Ʌɟɧɿɧɝɪɚɞ ɞɚ ɿɧɠɵɧɟɪɚ ɫɵɧɚ ɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɛɵʆ ɚɞɡɿɧɵ ɩɪɷɬɷɧɞɷɧɬ ɧɚ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɜɿɞɧɭɸ ɞɚ ɦɨʆɤɭ ɛ ɨ ɝɚɞɨʆ ɩɹɰɶ ɰɹɫɶɧɿʆɫɹ ʆ ɹɝɨɧɚɣ ɛɚɤɨʆɰɵ ɡɚ ɤɭɯ ɧɹɣ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɫɹɦ¶ɹ ʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɤɚɹ ± ɺɧ ɞɵ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɠɨɧɤɚ ɞɡɹɰɟɣ ɹɧɵ ɧɹ ɦɟɥɿ ± ɞɡɟ ʆɠɨ ɬɵɹ ɞɡɟɰɿ ʆ ɫɭɯɨɬɧɿɤɚ" Ɂɚɧɹʆ ɥɚɞɧɵ ɞɨɦ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɛ ɧɟɤɚɬɨ ɪɵɹ ɧɟ ɩɚɱɚɥɿ ɡɶɜɹɝɚɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɦɚʆɥɹʆ ɬɚɦɭ ɿ ɩɚɫɚɞɡɿʆ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɤɜɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɠɵɥɩɥɨɲɱɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɹ ɤɜɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɚɬ ɪɵɦɚɥɚɫɹ ȱ ɝɨɪɲ ɡɚ ʆɫɺ ʆ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɝɿɫɬɨɪɵɿ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ Ɇɿɤɚ ɥɚɣ Ɍ ɚɪɚɫɟɜɿɱ ɹɝɨɧɵ ɸɧɚɰɤɿ ɫɹɛɪɚ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɩɚɜɟɪɵʆ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɤɚɪɵɫɶɥɿɜɚɫɶɰɶ Ɂ ɬɚɝɨ ɿ ɩɚɱɚɥɨɫɹ Ʉɚɥɿ ʆɠɨ ɡ ɱɚɝɨ ɩɚɱɧɟɰɰɚ ɬɚɞɵ ɰɹɠɤɚ ʆɝɚɞɚɰɶ ɭɫɟ ɜɵɧɿɤɿ ɿ ɩɪɚɞɛɚɱɵɰɶ ɯɚɞɭ ɩɚɞɡɟɣ ɭ ɬɵɯ ɡɥɚɫɶɥɿɜɵɯ ɚɞɧɨ ɫɿɧɚɯ ɬɚɞɵ ɬɵɹ ɚɞɧɨɫɿɧɵ ɩɚɜɹɞɭɰɶ ɰɹɛɟ ɫɚɦɿ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɧɚ ɫɭɩɟɪɚɤ ɚɫɚɛɿɫɬɚɦɭ ɬɜɚɣɦɭ ɠɚɞɚɧɶɧɸ Ɍ ɚɤ ɫɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɡ Ɇɿɤɨɥɚɦ ɋɶɩɹɪɲɚ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɡɶɜɹɝɧɭɥɿ ɠɨɧɤɿ ɠɨɧɤɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɉɚɥɿɧɚ Ⱥɥɹɤɫɚɧɞɪɚʆɧɚ ʆɜɟɱɚɪɵ ɧɟɹɤ ɩɚɫɤɚɪɞɡɿ ɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ əɞɡɶɜɿɝɭ ȱɜɚɧɚʆɧɭ ɺɧ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɞɭɪɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɦɚʆ ɱɚʆ ɧɚɜɚɬ Ⱥɥɟ ɩɪɚɡ ɞɡɺɧ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɫɚɦ ɩɚɱɭʆ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɚɩɵɧɤɭ ɹɤ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɵ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɰɵ ɩɚɦɿɧɚɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɿɦɹ ɦɟɧɚɜɿɬɚ ʆ ɫɭ ɜɹɡɿ ɡ ɹɝɨ ɞɚɦɨʆɤɚɣ Ɂɪɚɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɤɪɵʆɞɧɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɩɪɵ ɜɵɩɚɞ ɤɭ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɸ ɤɚɛ ɬɨɣ ɤɪɵɯɭ ʆɤɚɪɚɰɿʆ ɹɡɵɤ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɠɨɧɰɵ Ɍ ɨɣ ɧɟ ɫɬɪɵɜɚʆ ɝɚɧɚɪɵɫɬɚ ɚɞɤɚɡɚʆ ɭ ɬɵɦ ɫɷɧɫɟ ɲɬɨ ɧɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɚɜɚɰɶ ɩɚɞɫɬɚɜɵ ɧɟ ɫɩɚɬɪɷɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɛ ɿ ʆɤɚɪɚɱɜɚɰɶ ɹɡɵɤɿ ɥɸɞɡɹɦ ³ Ƚɷɬɚ ɹɤɿɦ ɥɸɞɡɹɦ"´ ± ɭɡɶɜɿʆ ɫɹ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ³ ɋɚɦ ɡɧɚɟɲ ɹɤɿɦ´ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɣ Ɍ ɚ ɪɚɫɟɜɿɱ ɿ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɚ ɧɚ ɬɵɦ ɚɛɚɪɜɚɥɚɫɹ Ɋɚɡɦɨɜɚ ɞɵɤ ɚɛɚɪɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɤɚɧɮɥɿɤɬ ɧɚ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɧɹ ɫɤɨɧɱɵʆɫɹ ȱ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɧɚ ɩɚɪɬɚɤɬɵɜɟ ʆ ɞɚɤɥɚɞɡɟ ɫɚɤɪɚɬɚɪɚ ɪɚɣɤɚɦɭ Ʉɚɬɭɲɤɿɧɚ ɛɵɥɿ ɩɚɞɜɟɪɝɧɭɬɵ ɤɪɵɬɵ ɰɵ ɧɟɤɚɬɨɪɵɹ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɤɿ ɪ ɚɺɧɭ ɩɟɪɚɜɚɠɧɚ ɡɚ ɧɚɰɵɹɧɚɥɿɫɬɵɱɧɵ ʆɯɿɥ ɭ ɫɩɪɷɱɤɚɯ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɿʆ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɣ Ɍ ɚɪɚɫɟɜɿɱ ɹʆɧɚ ɜɵɝɚɪɚɞɠɜɚɸɱɵ ɬɵɯ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɤɚʆ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ʆɡɹʆ ɫɥɨɜɚ Ⱦɡɟ ɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɿ ɝɥɟɞɡɹɱɵ ʆ ɜɨɱɵ ɫɜɚɣɦɭ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɹɦɭ ɫɹɛɪɭ ɫɤɚ ɡɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɡɚɦɟɫɬ ɬɚɝɨ ɤɚɛ ɚɩɪɚʆɞɜɚɰɶ ɿɧɲɵɯ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲ Ɍ ɚɪɚɫɟɜɿɱ ɩɚɜɿɧɟɧ ɛɵʆ ɛɵ ɫɶɩɹɪɲɚ ɩɪɵɡɧɚɰɶ ɭɥɚɫɧɵɹ ɯɿɛɵ ʆ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɩɵɬɚɧɶɧɿ ɿ ɹɤ ɧɚɯɜɚɥɶɜɚʆ ³ ɇɨɜɭɸ ɡɹɦɥɸ´ Ʉɨɥɚɫɚ ɧɟɤɚɬɨɪɵɹ ɜɟɪɲɵ Ʉɭɩɚɥɵ ɿ ɹɤ ɧɟɞɚɚɰɷɧɶɜɚʆ ɩɪɚ ɥɟɬɚɪɫɤɭɸ ɩɚɷɡɿɸ ɑɚɪɨɬɚ ɿ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɿɱɚ Ȭɧ ɬɚɞɵ ɚɞ ɤɪɵʆ ɦɧɨɝɿɦ ɜɨɱɵ ɧɚ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɧɭɸ ɫɭɬɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɤɚ ɛɟɥɚɪɭɫɤɚɣ ɦɨɜɵ ɿ ɥɿɬɚɪɚɬɭɪɵ Ɍ ɚɪɚɫɟɜɿɱɚ ɿ ɧɿɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɤɚɣɜɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɬɵɦ Ɂ ɛɚɥɶɲɚɜɿɰɤɚɣ ɩɪɚɦɚɬɨɣ ɺɧ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ 42
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɩɪɚʆɞɭ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɞɭɦɚʆ ɿ ɧɟ ʆɬɚɿʆ ɉɪɚ ³ ɇɨɜɭɸ ɡɹɦ ɥɸ´ ɧɚɩɪɵɤɥɚɞ ɹɧɵ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɟɪɚɝɚɜɚɪɵɥɿ ʆ ɬɵɹ ɝɚɞɵ ɹɤ ɧɚɣɛɨɥɶɲ ɫɹɛɪɚɜɚɥɿ Ɍ ɚɪɚɫɟɜɿɱ ɬɚɞɵ ɛɵʆ ɭ ɡɚɯɚɩɥɟɧɶɧɿ ɚɞ ɬɚɟ ɛɟɡɭɦɨʆɧɚ ɲɤɨɞɧɚɣ ɤɭɥɚɰɤɚ ɧɚɰɵɹɧɚɥɿɫɬɵɱɧɚɣ ɩɚɷɦɵ Ⱥ ɦɿɠ ɬɵɦ ɫɚɦɿ Ʉɨɥɚɫ ɿ Ʉɭɩɚɥɚ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɥɿ ʆ ɞɪɭ ɤɭ ɡ ɱɵɫɬɚɫɚɪɞɷɱɧɵɦ ɩɪɵɡɧɚɧɶɧɟɦ ɭɥɚɫɧɚɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɪɷɜɚ ɥɸɰɵɣɧɚɣ ɞɡɟɣɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɹɤɭɸ ɞɚɝɷɬɭɥɶ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɪɚɫɩɚɡɧɚɰɶ ɭ ɿɯ ɬɜɨɪɱɚɫɶɰɿ ɱɥɟɧ ɩɚɪɬɵɿ ɿ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɤ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɣ Ɍ ɚɪɚ ɫɟɜɿɱ ɋɹɛɪɨʆɫɬɜɚ ɿɯ ɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɱɚɫɭ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɠ ɥɹɫɧɭɥɚ Ɍ ɚɪɚɫɟɜɿɱɚ ɩɪɚɡ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɩɚɫɚɞɡɿɥɿ ɚɥɟ ɡɚɜɨɲɬɚ ɤɚɧɤ ɪɷɬɧɚ ± ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ʆɠɨ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ Ⱦɚ ɬɨɣ ɩɚɫɚɞɤɿ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɦɟʆ ɚɧɿɹɤɚɝɚ ɞɚɱɵɧɟɧɶɧɹ Ɍ ɭɬ ɹɝɨɧɚɟ ɫɭɦɥɟɧɶɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɱɵɫɬɚɟ ɍ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫ ɺɧ ɭɠɨ ɩɪɚɰɚɜɚʆ ɭ ɪɚɣɤɚɦɟ ɿ ɡ ɩɚɫɚɞɤɚɣ Ɍ ɚɪɚɫɟɜɿɱɚ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɩɚɫɬɚɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɿɧɲɵɹ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɟ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɇɟɞɡɟ ɫɹɪɨɞ ɧɚɱɵ ɹɝɨ ɪɚɡɛɭɞɡɿɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ɩɪɵɧɟɫɥɚ ɤɨɧɚʆɤɭ ɝɚɪɚɱɚɝɚ ɩɿɬɜɚ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɯɥɚ ɱɚɛɨɪɚɦ Ȭɧ ɫɨɧɧɚ ɩɿʆ ± ɡɶɧɹɦɨɝɥɚ ɛɹɡ ɩɪɚɝɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɛ ɵ ɡɚɫɬɚɪɷɥɵ ɯ ɜɨɪɵ ɿ ɜɵɩɿʆɲɵ ɩɥɚɫɬɨɦ ɚɛɥɺɝɫɹ ɧɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɱɵɧɵ ɬɪɚɧɬɵ Ȼɵɰɰɚɦ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɫɚɝɪɷʆɫɹ ɯɨɰɶ ɞɪɵɠɚɤɚ ɧɟ ɩɚɤɿɞɚɥɚ ɧɚɡɭɫɿɦ ɹɝɨ ɩɪɚɫɬɵɥɚɟ ɰɟɥɚ ɚɥɟ ʆɧɭɬɪɵ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɺɧ ɩɚɤɚɲɥɹʆ ɿ ɪɚɫɩɥɸɲɱɵʆ ɜɨɱɵ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɬɪɭɞɧɚ ʆɡɞɵɯɚɥɚ ʆ ɯɚɰɟ ɩɚ ɰɺɦɧɚɣ ɿ ɧɿɡɤɚɣ ɫɬɨɥɿ ɛɥɭɤɚɥɿ ɰɶɦɹɧɵɹ ɜɨɞɛɥɿɫɤɿ ɡ ɝɪɭɛɤɿ ɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɚɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɡ ɫɜɚɟ ɠ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɟ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɞɡɟ ɝɷɬɚ ɺɧ ɬɚɤ ɛɟɡɚɞɦɨʆɧɚ ɡɧɚɣɲɨʆ ɩɪɵɩɿɪɵɲɱɚ" ɐɿ ɺɧ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɤɚɥɿ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɫɚ ɦɵ ɞɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɬɪɭɞɧɵ ɱɚ ɫ ɩɪɵɜɟɰɿɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɰɺɦɧɚɹ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚ ɪɨɞɧɚɹ ɫɹɫɬ ɪɚ ɹɝɨ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɿɞɷɣɧ ɚɝɚ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ Ʉɚɥɿ ɛ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɧɟɣ ɞɵɤ ɩɪɵ ɫɭɫɬɪɷɱɵ ɺ ɧ ɛɵ ɡ ɺɣ ɧɟ ɩɚɜɿɬɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɡɪɚɛɿʆ ɛɵ ɜɵɝɥɹɞ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɺɦɵ ɋɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɦɟɰɶ ɧɟɣ ɤɿɹ ɫɭɜɹɡɿ ɰɿ ɩɚɞɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚɰɶ ɡɧɚɺɦɫɬɜɚ ɡ ɫɹɦ¶ɺɣ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ʆ ɧɚɪɨɞɭ ɧɚ ɰɵɹɧɚɥɿɫɬɚʆ ɿ ɤɨɧɬɪɪɷɜɚɥɸɰɵɹɧɟɪɚʆ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɱɵɦ ɧɟɪɚɡɭɦɧɚ ± ɛɵɥɨ ɡɥɚɱɵɧɧɚ ɿ ɦɧɨɝɿɹ ɩɚɩɥɚɰɿɥɿɫɹ ɡɚ ɝɷɬɚ Ȭɧ ɠɚ ɡɚʆɫɺɞɵ ɫɬɚɪɚʆɫɹ ɧɿɱɵɦ ɧɟ ɡɚɩɥɹɦɿɰɶ ɫɜɨɣ ɝɨɧɚɪ ɛɚɥɶɲɚɜɿɤɚ ɩɚɪɬɵɣɰɚ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ʆ ɦɹɫɬɷɱ ɤɭ ɹɤ ɜɹɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɝɷɬɵ Ⱥɫɨ ʆɫɤɿ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɨɦɚ ± ɺɧ ɩɚɦɚɝɚʆ ɲɜɚɝɪɭ ɥɚɩɿɰɶ ɝɨɧɬɚɦ ɫɬɪɚɯɭ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɵʆɧɿ ɤɭɞɵ ɹɧɵ ɫɫɵɩɚɥɿ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɭɸ ɡ ɚɝɚɪɨɞɭ ɛɭɥɶɛɭ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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əɤ ɩɪɵɛɟɝɥɚ ɠɨɧɤɚ ɡ ɬɨɣ ɚɲɚɥɚɦɥɹɥɶɧɚɣ ɧɚɜɿɧɨɣ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɩɚɜɟɪɵʆ ɧɚ ɜɚɬ ɚɥɟ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɠɨɧɤɚ ɧ ɟ ɩɚɦɵɥɿɥɚɫɹ Ⱥɫɨʆɫɤɿ ɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɫɬɚɪɵ ʆɠɨ ɿ ɡɶɧɹɦɨɝɥɵ ɩɪɵɩɺɪɫɹ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɚɛɟɞɞɡɹ ʆ ɞɨɦ ɿ ɧɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɩɚɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɩɪɚ Ⱦ ɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ Ɂ ɹɤɨɣ ɦɷɬɚɣ ɺɧ ɬɨɟ ɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɛɟɡ ɞɚɥɟɣɲɵɯ ɪɨɫɩɵɬɚʆ ɠɨɧ ɤɚ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɜɟɪɚɝɨɞɧɚ ɫɯɥɭɫɿɥɚ ɿ ɩɚɛɟɝɥɚ ɩɚɩɹɪ ɷɞɡɿɰɶ ɦɭɠɚ ɍɱɭʆɲɵ ɬɨɟ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɚ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɚʆ ɪɚɡɝɭɛɿʆɫɹ ɚ ɡɚɬɵɦ ɜɵɪɚɡɧɚ ɩɚɝɥɹ ɞɡɟʆ ɧɚ ɲɜɚɝɪ ɚ ɿ ʆɩɟɪɲɵɧɸ ɬɚɞɵ ʆɛɚɱɵʆ ɹɤ ɝɷɬɵ ɞɨɛ ɪɵ ɩɪɚɫɬɚɞɭɲɧɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɚɞɜɺʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɩɨɡɿɪɤ ɭɛɨɤ Ⱦɡɟ ɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɹɲɱɷ ɧ ɿ ɚɛ ɱɵɦ ɧɟ ɩɚɩɪɚɫɿʆ ɹɝɨ ɚ ɬɨɣ ɭɠɨ ɡɚ ɦɚɪɦɵɬɚʆ ɩɪɚ ɞɡɹɰɟɣ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɦɚɥɵɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɿ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɪɚɛɨɱɵ ɹɦɭ ɱɨɪɬ ɡ ɺɣ ɚɛɵ ɹɤɨɣ ɭɥɚɞɚɣ ɛɵɥɚ ɛ ɛɭɥɶɛɚ ɞɵ ɤɚɜɚɥɚɤ ɯɥɟɛɚ ɞɚ ɛɭɥɶɛɿɧɵ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɭɧɭ ɪɵʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɭ ɡɚ ɦɨʆɤ ɚ ɹɤ ɧɚɞɵɲɨʆ ɜɟɱɚɪ ɤɿɧɭʆ ɭ ɫɭɦɤɭ ɤɚɜɚɥɚɤ ɯɥɟɛɚ ɿ ɫɚɥɚ ɿ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɬɚʆɫɹ ɡ ɠɨɧ ɤɚɣ Ɂɧɚɺɦɵɯ ɭ ɪɚɺɧɟ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɲɦɚɬ ± ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɤɚʆ ɩɚɪɬɵɣɧɚɝɚ ɚɤɬɵ ɜɭ ɤɚɥɝɚɫɶɧɿɤɚʆ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɦɨɠɚ ɿ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɲɬɨ ɲɜɚɝɟɪ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɧɹʆ ± ɡɧɨ ɣɞɡɟ ɧɹ ɝɨɪɲɵ ɩɪɵɬɭɥɚɤ ɭ ɹɤɿɦ ɝɥɭɯɿɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ Ɇɨ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɹɲɱɷ ɿ ɥɟɩɲ ɇɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɺɧ ɫɤɿɪɚɜɚʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɲɥɹɯ ɭ Ɂɚɦɚɲɚɧɫɤɿ ɫɟɥɶ ɫɚɜɟɬ ɛ ɥɿɠɷɣ ɞɚ ɩɭɲɱɵ ɬɨ ɛɵʆ ɫɚɦɵ ɝɥɭɯɿ ɯɨɰɶ ɿ ɞɚɥɺɤɿ ɤɭɬɨɤ ɭ ɪɚɺɧɟ ɿ ɬɚɦ ɭ Ɂɚɦɨɲɲɵ ɛɵʆ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɫɹɛɪɚ ɬɚɤɫɚ ɦɚ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɤ ɉɪɚɤɚɩɺɧɚɤ ɡ ɹɤɿɦ ɹɧɵ ɬɪɵ ɝɚɞɵ ɡɚɩɚɪ ɭɞɡɟɥɶɧɿɱɚɥɿ ʆ ɚɝɿɬɤɚɦɩɚɧɿɹɯ Ɂɧɨʆ ɠɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɹ ɪɚɡ ɛɵɜɚʆ ɬɚɦ ɭɩɚʆɧɚɜɚɠɚɧɵɦ ɩɚ ɩɚɞɩɿɫɰɵ ɧɚ ɩɚɡɵɤɭ ɿ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɦɧɨɝɿɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɍɠɨ ɬɚɦ ɹɦɭ ɧɟ ɞɚɞɭɰɶ ɩɪɚɩɚɫɶɰɿ ɬɚɦ ɹɦɭ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝɭɰɶ Ʉɚɛ ɥɿɲɧɟ ɧɟ ɧɚɡɚɥɹɰɶ ɤɚɦɭ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɧɨɱɱɭ ɩɪɚɫɺɥɤɚɦɿ ɚɞɦɚɯɚʆ ɤɿɥɚɦɟɬɪɚʆ ɡ ɬɪɵɰɰɚɰɶ ɿ ɩɚɞ ɪɚɧɚɤ ɩɚɫɬɭɤɚʆ ɭ ɡɧɚɺɦɚɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɟ ɜɚɤɧɨ ɉɪɚɤɚɩɺɧɤɚ Ȼɚɹʆɫɹ ɬɚɝɨ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɧɟ ʆ ɯɚɰɟ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɦɨɠɚ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɷɜɚɤɭɚɰɵɸ Ⱥɠ ɧɟ ɉɪɚɤɚɩɺɧɚɤ ɛɵʆ ɞɨɦɚ ɇɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɹɧɵ ʆɠɨ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɧɚ ɤɭɯɧɿ ɜɵɩɿɥɿ ɩɚ ɱɚɪɱɵɧɟ ɿ ɝɚɜɚɪɵɥɿ ɩɪɚ ɿɯɧɸɸ ɚɝɭɥɶɧɭɸ ɛɹɞɭ Ⱥɛɫɬɚɧɨʆɤɚ ʆ Ɂɚɦɨɲɲɵ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɹ ɩɪɨɫɬɚɹ ɧɟɤɚɬɨɪɵɹ ɡ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɡ ɱɷɫɧɵɯ ɿ ɰɿɯɿɯ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɩɚɱɚɥɿ ɩɚɤɚɡɜɚɰɶ ɫɜɨɣ ɧɨɪɚʆ ɉɪɚ ɤɚɩɺɧɚɤ ɪɚɫɤɚɡɜɚʆ ɹɤ ɹɝɨ ʆɱɨɪɚ ɧɚ ɜɭɥɿɰɵ ɫɩɵɧɿʆ ɚɞɧɚ ɜɨɤɿ Ɂɭɛ ɿ ɩɪɵɝɪɚɡɿʆ ɦɚʆɥɹʆ ɜɚɲɚ ʆɥɚɞɚ ɫɤɨɧɱɵɥɚɫɹ 44
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɉɪɚɤɚɩɺɧɚɤ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɭ ɹɦɭ ɜɚɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɚʆɦɟɰɰɚ ɱɚɦɭ ɬɚɤ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɩɟɪɚɦɹɧɿʆɫɹ ɝɷɬɵ ɩɪɚɰɚɜɿɬɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɛɚɰɶɤɚ ɫɟɦɹɪɵɯ ɞɡɹɰɟɣ Ⱥɤɚɡɜɚɟɰɰɚ ɬɨɣ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɚɦɹɧɿʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɡɚʆɠɞɵ ɩɚɦɹɬɚʆ ɹɤ ɭɩɚʆɧɚɜɚɠɚɧɵɹ ɡ ɉɪɚɤɚɩɺɧɤɚɦ ɫɩɚɝɚɧɹɥɿ ɡ ɹɝɨ ɝɪɨɲɵ ɧɚ ɩɚɡɵɤɭ ³ Ⱦɵɤ ɲɬɨ ɠ ɬɵ ɯɨɱɚɲ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɉɪɚɤɚɩɺɧɚɤ ± Ʉɚɥɿ ɩɚɞɩɿɫɚʆɫɹ ɞɵɤ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɚɥɨ ɩɥɚɰɿɰɶ´ Ⱥ ɺɧ ɤɚɠɚ ³ ɇɚɩɨɦɧɿɰɶ ɜɚɦ ɹɤ ɩɚɞɩɿɫɜɚɥɿ" Ʉɚɥɿ ɩɚɦɹɰɶ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɚɹ"´ əɤ ɩɚɞɩɿɫɜɚɥɿ ɉɪɚɤɚɩɺɧɚɤ ɩɚɦɹɬɚʆ ɿ ɬɚɦɭ ɫɩɵɧɿʆ ɬɭɸ ɧɟɩɚɬɪɷɛɧɭɸ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɭ ɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɜɨɫɶ ɫɹɞɡɿɰɶ ɛ ɵ ɧɚ ɜɭɝɨɥɶɥɿ ɱɚɤɚɟ ɋɵɣɲɨʆ ɛɵ ɤɭɞɵ ʆ ɥɟɫ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɫɹɦ¶ɹ ± ɠɨɧɤɚ ɞɵ ɞɜɨɟ ɦɚɥɵɯ Ʉɭɞɵ ɚɞ ɿɯ ɞɡɟɧɟɲɫɹ" Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɚɡɦɪɚɱɧɟʆ ɝɚɬɨɜɵ ɛɵʆ ɭɩɚɫɶɰɿ ʆ ɪɨɫ ɩɚɱ ɿ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ³ ɇɭ ɯɨɰɶ ɞɚ ɜɟɱɚɪɚ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɩɟɪɚ ɛɵɰɶ"´ ± ³ Ⱦɚ ɜɟɱɚɪɚ ɦɨɠɧɚ ± ɤɚɠɚ ± ɚɥɟ ɧɹ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɋɚɦ ɩɚɧɿɦɚɟɲ«´ ɒɬɨ ɠ ɺɧ ɩɚɧɿɦɚʆ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɺɧ ɛɵʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɡ ɫɷɪɰɚɦ ɿ ɧɟ ɠɚɞɚʆ ɛɹɞɵ ɞɡɟɰɹɦ ɉɪɚɤɚɩɺɧɤɚ ɉɚɥɹɠɚʆɲɵ ɧɚ ɝɚ ɪɵɲɱɵ ɞɚ ɜɟɱɚɪɚ ɺɧ ɹɤ ɡɶɦɟɪɤɥɚɫɹ ɭɡɹʆ ɫɜɚɸ ɫɭɦɤɭ ɿ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɬɜɚɰɰɚ ³ Ⱦɵɤ ɤɭɞɵ ɠ ɬɵ ɰɹɩɟɪ"´ ± ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɫɹ ɫɹɛɪɚ ɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ³ Ⱥ ɧɿɤɭɞɵ´ Ȭɧ ɿ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɤɭɞɵ ɩɚɞɚɰɰɚ Ʌɟɩɟɣ ɛɵ ʆ ɥɟɫ ɤɚɛ ɛɵɥɨ ɥɟɬɚ ɚɥɟ ɧɚ ɠɚɥɶ ɥɟɬɚ ɫɤɨɧɱɵɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɚɪɨɡɟ ɫɬɚɹɥɚ ɜɨɫɟɧɶ Ⱦɡɶɦɭɥɿ ɯɚɥɨɞɧɵɹ ɜɹɬɪɵ ɪɭɞɨɟ ɥɿɫɶɰɟ ɡ ɛɹɪɨɡ ɰɟɪɭɲɵ ɥɚ ɧɚ ɉɪɚɤɚɩɺɧɤɚʆ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɚɤ« ɇɨɱɱɭ ɿɞɭɱɵ ɩɚ ɩɭɫɬɨɣ ɿ ɝɪɚɡɤɚɣ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɡ Ɂɚɦɨɲɲɚ ɺɧ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɩɪɵɬɭɥɤɭ ʆ ɛɵɥɵɯ ɫɹɛɪɨʆ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɡɧɨɣɞɡɟ ± ɬɵɹ ɫɚɦɿ ɛɚɹɰɰɚ ɛɨ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɠ ɭɫɟ ɧɚ ɩɚ ɞɚɡɪɷɧɶɧɿ ɋɤɥɚɞɚɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɿ ɬɪɭɞɧɚ ʆɫɟ ɩɟɪɚɞɜɚɟɧɧɵɹ ɝɚɞɵ ɧɚɤɚɩɿɥɚɫɹ ɲɦɚɬ ɝɚɪɤɚɬɵ ʆ ɚɞɧɨɫɿɧɚɯ ɩɚɦɿɠ ɫɜɚɿɦɿ ɠ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɟɞɚɛɿɬɵɹ ɿ ɧɟɞɚɜɵɤɪɵɬɵɹ ɜɨɪɚɝɿ ɹɤɿɹ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɜɨ ɩɚɤɚɡɜɚɸɰɶ ɫɜɚɟ ɿɤɥɵ ȱ ɫɩɚɞɡɹɸɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɧɟɦɰɚʆ Ⱦɭɦɚ ɸɱɵ ɩɪɚ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɧɟɞɚɛɿɬɵɯ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɚɱɵɧɚʆ ɡɚɤɿɩɚɰɶ ɚɞ ɡɥɨɫɶɰɿ ± ɧɟɞɚɝɥɟɞɡɟɥɿ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɝɚɞɚɥɿ ʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɱɚɫ Ⱥ ʆɠɨ ɫɬɚɪɚɥɿɫɹ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɿɹɤɚɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɧɟ ɛɵɜɚɟ ɛɹɡ ɛɪɚ ɤɭ ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɚ ʆ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɰɟ ɹɤ ɤɥɚɫɚɜɚɹ ɛɚɪɚɰɶɛɚ Ⱥ ɲɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɤɚɛ ɧɹ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɛɚɪɚɰɶɛɚ ɤɚɛ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɪɷɩɪɷɫɚɜɚɥɿ ɧɟ ɫɫɵɥɚɥɿ" ȱ ʆɫɟ ɬɵɹ ɹʆɧɵɹ ɿ ɬɚɣɧɵɹ ɜɨɪɚɝɿ ɞɚɠɵɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɱɚɫɭ" ɋɬɪɚɲɧɚ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɞɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɉɚɪɷɡɚɥɿ ɛ ɭ ɩɟɪɲɭɸ ɠ ɧɨɱ ɚɤɭɩɚɰɵɿ ʆɫɺ ɤɿɪɚʆɧɿɰɬɜɚ ɩɚɪɬɵɣɧɵ ɚɤɬɵʆ ɭɫɿɯ ɯɬɨ ɩɚɦɚɝɚʆ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦ ɇɟ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɩɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɚ ɿɯ ɞɭɲɵɥɿ ʆɫɟ ɞɜɚɰɰɚɰɶ ɝɚɞɨʆ Ⱥ ɦɨɠɚ ɿ ɧɟ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɩɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɚ" Ɇɨɠɚ ɯɚɣ ɛɵ ɫɚɛɟ ɠɵɥɿ ɦɭɠɵɤɿ ɧɟ ɱɚɩɚɥɿ ɛ ɿɯ ɧɹ ɦɟɥɿ ɛ ɡɥɚ ɿ ɹɧɵ Ɂɹɦɥɿ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɚɜɨɥɿ ɭɫɟ ɯɬɨ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɩɚɫɶ ɥɹ ɪɷɜɚɥɸɰɵɿ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɚɬɪɵɦɚɥɿ ɿ ɤɚɥɭɩɚɥɿɫɹ ɛ ɧɚ ɺɣ ɹɤ ɦɚɝɥɿ ɿ ʆɦɟɥɿ ȼɹɞɨɦɚ ɲɬɨ ɫɟɥɹɧɿɧɭ ɚɛɵ ɹɤɿ ɚɥɟ ɚɛɹɡɤɨ ɜɚ ɤɚɛ ɭɥɚɫɧɵ ɥɚɩɿɤ ɿ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɩɚɞɧɿɦɟ ɚɞ ɹɝɨ ɧɨɫɚ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɤɚɥɭɩɚɰɰɚ ɚɞ ɰɹɦɧɚ ɞɚ ɰɹɦɧɚ« Ⱥɥɟ ɰɿ ɝɷɬɚ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɚɡɜɨɥɿɰɶ" ɍ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɟ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɩɚɦɤɧɟɧɶɧɹʆ ɿ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɪɚɲɷɧɶɧɹʆ" ɉɚɜɨɞɥɟ ɩɚɥɚɠɷɧɶɧɹʆ ɦɚɪɤɫɿɡɦɭ ɥɟɧɿɧɿɡɦɭ ɹɤɨɟ ɬɚɤ ɛɭɪɧɚ ɚɜɚɥɨɞɚɥɚ ɦɚɫɚɦɿ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɬɨɟ ɛ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɹɩɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɚ Ⱥ ɲɬɨ ɞɚɬɵɱɵɰɶ ɧɿɡɚɜɨɝɚ ɪɚɺɧɧɚɝɚ ɤɿɪɚʆɧɿɰɬɜɚ ɞɵɤ ɞɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɵɡɧɚ ɱɵɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɩɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɚ ɚ ɲɬɨ ɧɹɩɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɚ ȱɦɟɧɧɚ ɩɚɜɨɞɥɟ ɧɚɜɭɤɿ ɦɚɪɤɫɿɡɦɭ ɥɟɧɿɧɿɡɦɭ ɒɱɚɫɶɰɟ ɤɪɚɿɧɵ ɿ ɩɚɪɬɵɿ ɲɬɨ ɧɚ ɱɚɥɟ ɹɟ ɫɬɚʆ ɩɪɚɜɚɞɵɪ ɋɬɚɥɿɧ ɹɤɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɚɞɡɿɧɵ ɦɨɝ ɬɨɟ ɜɵɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɿ ɚɠɵɰɶɰɹɜɿɰɶ ɩɪɚɤɬɵɱɧɚɟ ɜɵɤɚɧɚɧɶɧɟ ɦɚɪɤɫɿɫɰɤɿɯ ɩɚɥɚɠɷɧɶɧɹʆ ɍɫɺ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɪ ɚɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɜɚɣ ɧɨɣ ɹɤ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɫɟɧɚɪɨɞɧɚ ɩɪɵɡɧɚɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɚɞɡɿɧɚ ɦɚɝ ɱɵɦɚ ɿ ɩɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɚ Ⱦɵɤ ɭ ɱɵɦ ɠɚ ɬɭɬ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɫɭɦɧɹɜɚɰɰɚ" ɍɫɺ ɫɜɚɺ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɪɚɝɧɭʆ ɜɵɪɚɡɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɿ ɩɪɚɦɚɬɵ ɧɟ ɥɸɛɿʆ ɭɫɹɤɿɯ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɧɚɫɶɰɹʆ ɿ ɡɚʆɠɞɵ ɝɧɚʆ ɚɞ ɫɹɛɟ ɫɭɦɧɟɧɶɧɿ ɹɤɿɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɧɿɛɵ ɬɜɚɧɶ ɡɚɫɦɨɤɬɜɚɥɿ ʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ȼɚɪɬɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɞɞɚɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɤɪɭɱɨɤ ɮɚɤɬɚʆ ɭɫɭɦɧɿɰɰɚ ʆ ɦɚɥɵɦ ɫɬɭɩɿɰɶ ɯɨɰɶ ɧɚ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɤɪɨɤ ɭ ɛɚɝɧɭ Ȭɧ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɲɬɨ ɜɚɝɚɰɰɚ ɹɦɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ɩɚɪɬɵɣɧɵ ɤɿɪɚʆɧɿɤ ɩɚɜɿɧɟɧ ɛɵɰɶ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚɦ ɠɚɥɟɡɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɚɤɚɧɚɧɶɧɹʆ ± ɜɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɞɚɜɹɪɚɰɶ ɤɿɪɚʆɧɿɰɬɜɭ ɹɤɨɟ ʆɠɨ ɧɚɩɷʆɧɚ ɪɚɡɭɦɧɟɣɲɚɟ ɡɚ ʆɫɿɯ ɯɬɨ ɧɿɠɷɣ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɹɤ ɦɚɟ ɛɵɰɶ ɚɛɦɟɪɤɚɜɚɧɚ ɩɟɪɲ ɱɵɦ ɩɚɹɜɿɰɰɚ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɤɪɚɿɧɚɣ ɭ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɩɚɫɬɚɧɨɜɵ ɰɿ ɪɷɡɚɥɸɰɵɿ ɍɠɨ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲ ɋɬɚɥɿɧ ɿɯ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɚɛɞɭɦɚʆ Ⱥ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲ ɋɬɚɥɿɧ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɦɵɥɹɟɰɰɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɤɨɠɧɚɦɭ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɿɤɭ Ɍ ɚɤ ɞɭɦɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɬɭɩɚɸɱɵ ɰɺɦɧɚɣ ɞɚɪɨɝɚɣ ɡ Ɂɚ ɦɨɲɲɚ ɿ ɧɚ ɐɿɦɤɚɜɿɰɤɿɦ ɪɚɡɞɚɪɨɠɠɵ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɜɚɝɚʆɲɵ ɫɹ ɩɚɜɹɪɧɭʆ ɞɚ Ȼɹɥɚɜɿɱ Ɍ ɚɦ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɧɚɺɦɵɯ ɤɚ 46
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɥɟɝ ɧɚɫɬɚʆɧɿɤɚʆ ɚɥɟ ɞɡɟɫɶɰɿ ɠɵʆ ɤɚɥɝɚɫɶɧɿɤ ɩɱɚɥɹɪ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɺɧ ɩɚɞɜɨɡɿʆ ɝɚɞɵ ɬɪɵ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɩɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɡ ɉɨɥɚɰɤɭ Ⱦɡɟɦɿ ɞɨɜɿɱ ɬɚɞɵ ɜɹɪɬɚʆɫɹ ɡ ɧɚɪɚɞɵ ɟɡɶɞɡɿʆ ɧɚ ɪɚɣɤɚɦɚʆɫɤɚɣ ɥɿɧɟɣɰɵ ɡ ɯɚɪɨɲɵɦ ɞɚɧɫɤɿɦ ɠɚɪɚɛɤɨɦ ɭ ɚɝɥɨɛɥɹɯ ɩɱɚ ɥɹɪ ɡ ɪɷɞɤɿɦ ɭ ɬɭɬɷɣɲɵɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɯ ɿɦɟɦ ɉɚɪɮɿɪ ɚɤɚɡɚʆɫɹ ɦɹɤɤɿɦ ɪɚɡɜɚɠɥɿɜɵɦ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚɦ ɚɩɚɜɹɞɚʆ ɩɪɚ ɧɨɪɚɜɵ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɩɱɨɥɚʆ ɫɤɭɩɚ ɩɚɯɜɚɥɿʆɫɹ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɫɵɧɚɦ ɹɤɿ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɛɵʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚɦ ɥɺɬɱɵɤɚɦ ɿ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɚ ɩɪɵɹɡɞɠɚʆ ɧɚ ɩɚ ɛɵʆɤɭ ɡ ɠɨɧɤɚɣ ɿ ɞɡɿɰɟɦ ɉɚ ɫɚɤɪɷɰɟ ɩɚɜɟɞɚɦɿʆ ɲɬɨ ɫɵɧ ɩɚɛɵɜɚʆ ɭ ȱɫɩɚɧɿɿ ɿ ɦɚɟ ɨɪɞɷɧ ɡɚ ʆɞɡɟɥ ɭ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɚɧɵɯ ɛ ɚɹɯ ɉɪɵɩɚɦɹɬɚʆɲɵ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɬɚɝɨ ɉɚɪɮɿɪɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɪɚɲɵʆ ɡɚɜɿɬɚɰɶ ɭ Ȼɹɥɚɜɿɱɵ ɹɤɿɹ ɛɵɥɿ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɩɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɿ ɧɟɞɚɥɺ ɤɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɩɪɚɡ ɹɤɿɯ ɞɡɟɫɹɰɶ ɤɿɥɚɦɟɬɪɚʆ ɚɞ Ɂɚɦɨɲɲɚ ɍ Ȼɹɥɚɜɿɱɚɯ ɭɠɨ ɝɚɫɶɥɿ ɪɷɞɤɿɹ ɚɝɧɿ ʆ ɜɨɤɧɚɯ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɭɜɚɣɲɨʆ ɧɚ ɜɹɫɤɨɜɭɸ ɜɭɥɿɰɭ Ⱦɡɟ ɠɵʆ ɬɨɣ ɉɚɪɮɿɪ Ⱦɡɟ ɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɠ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɿ ɬɭɩɚʆ ɩɚ ɰɺɦɧɚɣ ɜɭɥɿɰɵ ɩɪɵɝɥɹɞɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɞɚ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɤɚʆ ɤɚɛ ɞɡɟ ɤɚɝɨ ɡɝɥɟɞɡɟɰɶ ɿ ɡɚɩɵɬɚɰɰɚ ɍ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɯɚɰɟ ɛɪɚɡɧɭɥɿ ɞɡɶɜɟɪɵ ɿ ɺɧ ɩɚɤɥɿ ɤɚʆ Ɇɚɥɚɞɚɹ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚ ɫɶɩɹɪɲɚ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɩɚ ɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɹɦɭ ɧɚʆɤɨɫɶ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɜɭɥɿɰɭ ɧɚ ɰɺɦɧɭɸ ɯɚɬɭ ɩɚɞ ɤɥɺɧɚɦ ɿ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɲɭɤɚʆ ɤɥɹɦɤɭ ɧɚ ɧɟɡɚ ɱɵɧɟɧɵɯ ɞɡɶɜɹɪɚɯ ɉɚɪɮɿɪɚ ɉɚɪɮɿɪ ɛɵʆ ɭ ɯɚɰɟ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɩɚɥɿʆ ɧɚɧɚɱ ɝɪɭɛɤɭ Ⱦ ɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɲɱɵɪɚ ʆɡɪɚɞɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɩɚɜɿɬɚʆɫɹ ɿ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɞɡɹɞɡɶɤɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɹ ɩɚɦɹɬɚɟ ɧɟ ɩɚɡɧɚʆ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɨɣ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɠɚ ³ ɑɚɦɭ ɠ ɧɟ ɩɚɡɧɚʆ ± ɩɚɡɧɚʆ ȼɵ ɠ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɡ ɪɚɣɤɚɦɭ ɯɬɨ ɠ ɜɚɫ ɧɟ ɩɚɡɧɚɟ ɬɭɬ"´ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɬɵɦ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɧɚɩɨɦɧɿʆ ɩɪɚ ɿɯɧɸɸ ɫɭɫɬɪɷɱɭ ɧɚ ɉɨɥɚɰɤɚɣ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɿ ɹɤ ɹɧɵ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɩɚɝɚɦɚɧɿɥɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɚɛ ɠɵɰɶɰɿ ɍɫɺ ɠ ɺɧ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɫɚɦ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɡɧɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɫɚɛɟ ɧɟɹɤ ɩɚɞɞɨɛɪɵɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɱɚɥɚ ɜɟɤɚ ɩɚɱɭɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɫɩɚɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɿ ɚɬɪɵɦɚɰɶ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɉɚɪɮɿɪ ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɫɶɩɹɲɚʆɫɹ ɫɩɚɱɭɜɚɰɶ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɭ ɺɧ ɛɵɰ ɰɚɦ ɩɚɞɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚʆ ɚɥɟ ɛɹɡ ɠɚɞɧɚɣ ɚɯɜɨɬɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɱɚɫɬɚ ʆɡɞɵɯɚʆ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɧɚ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɭ ɝ ɪɭɛɰɵ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɫɤɭɩɚ ɚɥɟ ɩɟɪɚɤɚɧɚʆɱɚ ɹɤ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɹɦɭ ɪɚɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɩɪɚ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɿ ɲɱɚ ɧɚ ɮɪɚɧɬɚɯ ɭ ɹɤɿɦ ɫɬɚɧɟ ɚɩɵɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɤɪɚɿɧɚ ʆ ɜɵɧɿɤɭ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɡɶɧɹɧɚɰɤɚɝɚ ɧɚɩɚɞɭ Ƚɿɬɥɟɪɚ ɿ ɹɤ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɬɪɭɞɧɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɿ ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɚ ɬɵɦ ɲɬɨ ɚɩɵɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɱ ɚɫɨɜɚ ɡɚɧɹɬɵɯ ɮɚɲɵɫ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɬɚɦɿ ɬɷɪɵɬɨɪɵɹɯ ɉɪɚ ɫɹɛɟ ɺɧ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɧɿ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɚɥɟ ɉɚɪɮɿɪ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɪɵɦɨʆɤ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɤɚɫɦɵɥɹɜɵɯ ɛɪɵɜɨʆ ɡɵɪɤɧɭʆɲɵ ɧɚ ɝɨɫɶɰɹ ± ɐɹɩɟɪ ɜɚɦ ɬɪɭɞɧɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɠ ɞɡɟ ɱɚɥɚɜɟ ɱɚ ɜɵ ɬɚɞɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɹɤ ɭɫɿɦ ɬɪɭɞɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ" ± Ƚɷɬɚ ɤɚɥɿ" ± ɧɟ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± Ⱥ ɬɚɞɵ əɤ ɫɬɚɝɧɚɥɿ ʆɫɟ ɫɶɥɺɡɵ ɥɿɥɿ Ƚɚɥɚɞɚɥɿ ɿ ɡ ɝɨɥɚɞɭ ɩɭɯɥɿ ɹɤ ɭ ɬɪɵɰɰɚɰɶ ɬɪɷɰɿɦ Ⱥ ɜɨ ɺɧ ɩɪɚ ɲɬɨ ɡ ɧɟɩɪɵɟɦɧɚɫɶɰɸ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿ ɞɨɜɿɱ ɭɠɨ ɰɿ ɧɟ ɡɚ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɭɸ ʆɥɚɞɭ ɺɧ" Ɂɚ ɚɤɭɩɚɧɬɚʆ" ɍɫɺ ɠ ɰɹɩɟɪ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɟ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɚɛɜɚɫɬɪɚɰɶ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɭ ɿ ɞɚɜɨɥɿ ɧɹɩɷʆɧɚ ɚɞɤɚɡɚʆ ± Ȼɵɥɨ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɬɪɭɞɧɚɟ ȱɧɞɭɫɬɪɵɹɥɿɡɚɰɵɸ ɩɪɚɜɨɞɡɿɥɿ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɜɚɥɿ ʆɫɟ ɪɷɫɭɪɫɵ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ± Ɇɨɠɚ ɿ ɬɪɷɛɚ ± ɩɚɝɚɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɉɚɪɮɿɪ ± Ⱥɥɟ ɠ ɧɚɲɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɡ ɧɚɪɨɞɭ ɡɧɭɲɱɚɰɰɚ" ɇɚɞ ɫɜɚɿɦɿ ɡɶɞɡɟɤ ɭɬɜɚɪɚɰɶ" ± ɇɭ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɵ ɤɿɧɶ ɞɡɹɞɡɶɤɚ ɹɤɿ ɡɶɞɡɟɤ" Ʉɥɚɫɚɜɚɹ ɛɚ ɪɚɰɶɛɚ ɛ ɵɥɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɩɪɚʆɞɚ Ⱥ ɡɶɞɡɟɤɜɚɰɰɚ ɧɚɞ ɫɜɚɿɦɿ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɧɟ ɯɚɰɟʆ ± Ⱥ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɞɚʆɲɵ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɚɞɚɛɪɚɥɿ ± ɧɹ ɡɶɞɡɟɤ" ɒɬɨ ɡɚ ɩɪɚɰɭ ɡ ɤɚɥɝɚɫɭ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɞɚɜɚɥɿ ± ɧɹ ɡɶɞɡɟɤ" ȱ ɲɬɨ ɚɛɿɪɚɥɿ ɫɹɥɹɧɚʆ ɿ ɦɹɫɚ ɿ ɦɚɥɚɤɨ ɿ ɹɣɤɿ ɿ ɜɨʆɧɭ" ȱ ɫɤɭɪɵ ɫɚ ɫɶɜɿɧɟɣ" ȱ ɥɺɧ ɿ ɛɭɥɶɛɭ" ȱ ɹɲɱɷ ɝɪɨɲɵ ɧɚɥɨɝ ɫɬɪɚɯɨʆɤɚ ɫɚɦɚɚɛɥɚɠɷɧɶɧɟ« Ⱥ ɩɚɡɵɤɚ" ə ɞɭɦɚɟɲ ɱɚɦɭ ɬɪɵ ɤɚɥɨɞɵ ɩɱɨɥɚʆ ɡɚɜɺʆ" ɒɬɨ ɞɭɠɚ ɦɺɞ ɥɸɛɥɸ" Ɂɚ ɜɨ ɫɟɦ ɝɚɞɨʆ ɹ ɹɝɨ ɥɵɠɤɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɫɩɵɬɚʆ Ʉɚɛ ɫɩɥɚɰɿɰɶ ɭɫɺ ± ɤɭɩɿɰɶ ɿ ɡɞɚɰɶ ɜɨ ɞɥɹ ɱɚɝɨ ɉɪɵ ɬɵɦ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɤɚɥɝɚɫɟ ɤɨɠɧɵ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɪɚɛɿʆ ɥɟɬɚɫɶ ɬɪɵɫɬɚ ɫɟɦɞɡɟɫɹɬ ɩɪɚɰɚɞɡɺɧ ɜɵɝɧɚʆ Ⱥ ɲɬɨ ɚɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɧɚ ɿɯ ± ɩɚʆɬɚɪɚ ɩɭɞɚ ɝɿɪɫɵ ɇɭ ɹɤ ɠɵɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ" Ɍ ɚɤɨɝɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɬɭɬ ɧɟ ɱɚɤɚʆ ɝɷɬɵ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɚɤɚɡɚʆɫɹ ɡɚɬɨɟɧɚɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɣ Ȼɚɱ ɬɵ ɦɚɥɚ ɹɦɭ ɝɿɪɫɵ ɞɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ" Ȼɵɰ ɰɚɦ ɿɧɲɵɦ ɞɚɫɬɚ ɜɚɥɚɫ ɹ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɐɿ ɿɧɲɵɹ ɦɟ ɧɟɣ ɩɥɚɰɿɥɿ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɿ ɞɡɹɪɠɚɜɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɝɥɹɞɡɿ ɬɵ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɚɤɚɩɿʆ ɤɪɵʆɞɵ ± Ⱦɚɪɦɚ ɜɵ ɬɚɤ ɉɚɪɮɿɪ ə ɥɿɱɵʆ ɜɚɫ ɫɚɡɧɚɰɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɤɚɥɝɚɫɶɧɿɤɚɦ ɚ ɜɵ" ± ɩɚɩɪɚɤɧɭʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± Ⱥ ɹ ɿ ɫɚɡɧɚɰɟɥɶɧɵ ± ɩɚɞɧɹʆ ɚɞ ɝɪɭɛɤɿ ɫɱɵɪɜɚɧɟɥɵ ɚɛɪɨɫɥɵ ɫɿɜɚɸ ɲɱɷɰɶɰɸ ɬɜɚɪ ɝ ɚɫɩɚɞɚɪ ɯɚɬɵ ± ə ɫɚɦɵ ɫɚ48
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɡɧɚɰɟɥɶɧɵ ʆ ɞɡɹɪɷʆɧɿ ɍɫɺ ɜɵɤɨɧɜɚʆ ɀɵɥɵ ɡ ɫɹɛɟ ɰɹɝ ɧɭʆ ɚ ɜɵɤɨɧɜɚʆ ɋɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɦɚɥɚ ɯɬɨ ɬɭɬ ɫɬɪɵɜɚʆ ɹɤ ɹ ɇɟ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɛ ɵɰɶ ɧɟɫɚɡɧɚɰɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɿɧɚɜɚɬɵɦ ɞɡɹɪɠɚɜɟ ɤɚɛ ɩɚɩ ɪɚɤɚɥɿ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɿɤɿ ± əɧɨ ɿ ɩɚɧɹɬɧɚ ɍ ɰɹɛɟ ɠ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɫɵɧ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ" Ʌɺɬɱɵɤ" ɉɚɪɮɿɪ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɪɵɦɨʆɤ ɛɵ ʆɫɩɚɦɿɧɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨɫɶ ɧɟɜɹ ɫɺɥɚɟ ɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɩɪɚ ɫɵɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɦɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɞɚɪɷɱɵ Ⱥɥɟ ɉɚɪɮɿɪ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ± ɍ ɬɵɦ ɬɚ ɿ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɲɬɨ ɫɵɧ ɛɵʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɥɺɬɱɵɤ Ⱦɵ ɫɩɥɵʆ ɉɚɫɚɞɡɿɥɿ ɥɺɬɱɵɤɚ Ɍ ɪɵ ɝɚɞɵ ɧɿ ɩɿɫɶɦɚ ɧɿ ɩɪɵ ɜɟɬɚ Ɇɨ ɿ ɠɵɜɨɝɚ ɧɹɦɚ ʆɠɨ« Ⱥɯ ɜɨɫɶ ɲɬɨ« ± Ⱦɚ ɚ ± ɪɨɡɞɭɦɧɚ ɩɪɚɦɨɜɿʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɫɚ ɡɥɨɫɶɰɸ ɞɭɦɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɿ ɬɭɬ ɚɲɭɤɚʆɫɹ ȱ ɬɭɬ ɧɹ ɬɨɟ Ɇɚɛɵɰɶ ɝ ɷɬɵ ɉɚɪɮɿɪ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɜɚɟ ɡɚ ɫɵɧɚ ɬɚɦɭ ɿ ɬɚɤɿ ɧɟɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧɵ Ⱥ ɺɧ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɪɚɡɭɦɧɵ ɞɡɹɞɡɶɤɚ ɡ ɿɦ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɩɚɥɚɞɡɿɰɶ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɚɱɨɪɬɚ ɬɚɤɿɹ ɪɚɡɭɦɧɵɹ ɲɬɨ ɡ ɿɯ ɤɚɪɵɫɶɰɿ" Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɦɚʆɱɚɰɶ ɞɚ ɩɚɪɵ ɩɚɞɥɚɞɠɜɚɸɰɰɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɜɨ ɩɚɪɚɡɶɜɹɡɜɚɥɿ ɹɡɵɤɿ ɡɚɝɚɦɚɧɿɥɿ ɩɪɚ ɬɨɟ ɩɪɚ ɲɬɨ ɦɚʆɱɚɥɿ ɝɚɞɚɦɿ ɇɟ ɬɭɬ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɧɟɰɰɚ ɭ ɬɚɤɨɝɚ ɺɧ ɩɪɚɫɿɰɶ ɩɪɵɬɭɥ ɤɭ ɧɹ ɛɭɞɡɟ Ɍ ɚɤɿ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ɫɯɚɜɚɟ ɝɥɹɞɡɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɡɚʆɬɪɚ ɠ ɜɵɞɚɫɶɰɶ ɩɚɥɿɰɵɿ Ɇɨɠɚ ɭɠɨ ɿ ɫɚɦ ɭ ɩɚɥɿɰɵɿ ɰɿ ɬɚɦ ɫɵɧ ɡɹɰɶ Ɍ ɚɤɿɹ ɧɚɦ ɫɺɧɶɧɹ ± ɜɨɪɚɝɿ ɡ ɧɟʆɬɚɣɦɚɜɚɧɚɣ ɡɥɨɫɶɰɸ ɞɭɦɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ Ɍ ɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɝɪɷʆɲɵɫɹ ʆ ɧɚɩɚɥɟɧɚɣ ɞɵ ɧɹɥɚɫɤɚɜɚɣ ɉɚɪ ɮɿɪɚɜɚɣ ɯɚɰɟ ɺɧ ɫɭɯɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɬɚʆɫɹ ɿ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɡɧɨʆ ɭ ɧɨɱ Ⱦɨʆɝɚ ɤɥɵɩɚʆ ɝɪɚɜɿɣɤɚɣ ɩɚɞɛɿʆɫɹ ɯɚɰɟɥɚɫɹ ɫɩɚɰɶ ɚ ɫɩɚ ɱɵɰɶ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɡɟ Ɂɧɨʆ ɠɚ ɩɚɫɵɩɚʆɫɹ ɞɨɠɞɠ ɚɞ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɧɹ ɧɚɞɬɚ ʆɛɟɪɚɝɚʆ ɹɝɨɧɵ ɪɭɞɵ ɩɚɰɺɪɬɵ ɩɥɚɲɱɵɤ ɿ ɺɧ ɭɫɺ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɤɭɞɵ ɛ ɡɚɜɹɪɧɭɰɶ ɞɡɟ ɫɯɚɜɚɰɰɰɚ ɚɞ ɧɟɩɚɝɚɞɡɿ Ȭɧ ɿ ɬɚɤ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɞɡɺɧ ɱɭʆɫɹ ɞɚɜɨɥɿ ɛɥɚɝɚ ɩɚɱɚɥɨ ɞɚɩɹɤɚɰɶ ɧɟɡɞɚɪɨʆɟ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɥɿɯɚɦɚɧɿɥɚ ɚ ʆ ɬɭɸ ɧɨɱ ɧɚ ɞɚɠɞɠɵ ɺɧ ɬɚɤɿ ɩɪɚɫɬɭɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɞɨɛɪɚ Ʌɹ Ȼɵɜɚɥɚʆɫɤɿɯ ɯɭɬɚɪɨʆ ɡɛɨ ɱɵʆ ɡ ɝɪɚɜɿɣɤɿ ɿ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɞɚɛɪɵʆ ɞɚ ɧɟɣ ɤɚɣ ɫɹɞɡɿɛɵ ɋɬɭɤɚɰɶ ɭ ɜɨɤɧɵ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɧɚɜɚɠɵʆɫɹ ɡɝɥɟɞɡɟʆ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɧɚɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɚɞ ɯɚɬɵ ɱɨɪɧɭɸ ʆɧɚɱɵ ɩɭɧɸ ɿ ɩɪɚɡ ɧɟɡɚɱɵɧɟɧɵɹ ɜɚɪɨɬɵ ʆɥɟɡ ɭ ɹɟ ɍ ɤɭɰɟ ɹɤɪɚɡ ɥɹɠɚɥɚ ɬɪɨɯɿ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɥɟɬɚɲɧɹɣ ɩɚɬɨɱɚɧɚɣ ɦɵɲɚɦɿ ɫɚɥɨɦɵ ɺɧ ɡɚɲɵʆɫɹ ʆ ɹɟ ɥɹ ɫɶɰɹɧɵ ɿ ɭɫɺ ɞɪɵɠɭɱɵ ɰɟɥɚɦ ɡɚɞɪɚɦɚʆ ɬɪɨɯɭ ɞɚ ɪɚɧɤɭ ɉɪɚɱɧɭʆɫɹ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɩɚɡɧɚɜɚɬɚ ɭɠɨ ɱɭɥɿɫɹ ɝɚɥɚɫɵ ɥɹ ɯɚɬɵ ɚɥɟ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɫɬɚʆ ɚɛɡɵɜɚɰɰɚ Ȭɧ ɰɿɯɟɧɶɤɚ ɜɵɛɪɚʆɫɹ ɡ ɩɭɧɿ ɿ ɞɚʆɲɵ ɞɨɛɪɚɝɚ ɤɪɭɝɚɥɹ ɚɛɵɲɨʆ ɯɭɬɚɪ ɜɵɛɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɟɣɤɭɸ ɩɚɥɹɜɭɸ ɞɚɪɨɠɤɭ ɿ ɛɨɪɡɞɚ ɩɚɫɿɝɚʆ ɩɚ ɺɣ ɤɚɛ ɫɚɝɪɷɰɰɚ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɧɨɱɵ ʆɜɨɝɭɥɟ ɱɭʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɤɟɩɫɤɚ ɛɚɥɟɥɚ ɝɨɪɥɚ ɧɚɞɬɚ ɥɚɦɿɥɚ ɤɨɫɶɰɿ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɠ ɺɧ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɤɚɲɥɹɰɶ ɿ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɰɿ ɧɟ ɚɛɜɚɫɬɪɚɸɰɰɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɫɭɯɨɬɵ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɡɚɥɟɱɚɧɵɹ ɡɚ ɚɩɨɲɧɿɹ ɝɚɞɵ Ʉɚɥɿ ɩɚ ɬɚɤɿɦ ɱɚɫɟ ɚɞ ɤɪɵɸɰɰɚ ɫɭɯɨɬɵ ɬɚɞɵ ɹɦɭ ɤɪɚɧɬɵ Ⱥ ɿ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɞɨɛɧɚ ɧɚ ɬɨɟ Ⱥɫɚɛɥɿɜɚ ɞɚɤɭɱɚʆ ɤɚɲɚɥɶ Ɍ ɨɣ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɺɧ ɧɚ ɛɹɞɭ ɹɲɱɷ ɞɭɠɚ ɩɪɚɦɚɱɵʆ ɧɨɝɿ ʆ ɝɚ ɦɚɲɚɯ ɬɪɚɜɚ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɞɚɠɞɠɭ ɫɤɪɨɡɶ ɛɵɥɚ ɦɨɤɪɚɹ ɿ ɧɟ ɞɡɟ ʆ ɩɚɫɶɥɹɚɛɟɞɞɡɟ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɲɬɨ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɧɹɦɚ ɫɿɥ Ɋɷɲɬɭ ɬɚɝɨ ɞɧɹ ɩɪɚɜɚɥɹʆɫɹ ʆ ɪɚɡɥɚɦɚɧɚɣ ɩɚɜɟɬɰɵ ɥɹ ɜɺɫɤɿ Ȼɟɪɚɝɿ ɩɚɞ Ɍ ɭɦɿɥɚʆɫɤɚɣ ɩɭɲɱɚɣ Ȭɧ ɭɫɺ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɹɤ ɜɵɪɚɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɫɹɛɟ ɤɭɞɵ ɩɚɞɚɰɰɚ" Ⱦɡɿʆɧɚ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɞɚɰɰɚ ʆɜɨɝɭɥɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɭɞɵ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɿɹɤɚɟ ɩɷʆɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɧɿɹɤɚɣ ɧɚɞ ɡɟɿ Ɍ ɨ ɡɚɧɚɞɬɚ ɛɚɹɡɶɥɿɜɵɹ ɩɪɚɡɶɦɟɪɧɚ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɵɹ ɬɨ ɧɹɩ ɷʆɧɵɹ ɚ ɬɨ ɩɪ ɨɫɬɚ ɜɚɪɨ ɠɵɹ ȱ ɲɬɨ ɡɞɚ ɪɵɥɚɫ ɹ ɡ ɥɸɞɡɶɦɿ" ɐɿ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ʆ ɛɹɞɭ ɫɜɚɹ ɪɭɛɚɲɤɚ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɞɚ ɰɟɥɚ" ȱ ɬɚɞɵ ɺɧ ɭɫɩɨɦɧɿʆ ɩɪɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɭ ȼɟɞɚʆ ɹɟ ɡɞɚʆɧɚ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɟɹɤ ɭɥɟɬɤɭ ɡɚɹɡɞɠɚʆ ɭ ɯɚɬɭ ɹɲɱɷ ɹɤ ɫɹɛɪɚɜɚʆ ɡ Ɇɿɤɚɥɚɟɦ ȿɯɚɥɿ ɡ ɧɟɣɤɚɝɚ ɫɯɨɞɭ ɡɚɜɿɬɚɥɿ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɫɭɫɬɪɚɤɚʆ ɭ ɦɹɫɬɷɱɤɭ ɛɵʆ ɧɚ ɤɜɚɬɷɪɵ ɐɺɦɧɚɹ ɦɚɥɚɩɿɫɶɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɛɚɛɚ ɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɚɹ ɜɹɫɤɨɜɚɹ ɰɺɬɤɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɰɹ ɩɟɪ ɹɦɭ ɦɨɠɚ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɿ ɬɪɷɛɚ Ɇɚɛɵɰɶ ɧɹ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɮɿɥɚɫɨɮ ɫɬɜɚɜɚɰɶ ɡɜɨɞɡɿɰɶ ɪɚɯɭɧɤɿ ɧɚɪɚɤɚɰɶ ȱ ɩɚɦɨɠɚ Ʉɚɥɿ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɟ ɯɚɜɚɟ ɤɪɵʆɞɵ ɡɚ ɛɪɚɬɚ ȱɧɲɚɝɚ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɚ Ʌɸɛɚɲɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɡɚ ɥɟɫɚɦ ɿ ɧɚɞɜɹɱɨɪɤɚɦ ɺɧ ɩɭɫɶɰɿʆɫɹ ʆ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ± ɰɟɪɚɡ ɥɟɫ ɿ ɩɨɥɟ ɞɚ ɫɬɚɪɵɯ ɬɨɪɮɚɪɚɫɩɪɚɰɨɜɚɤ ɞɡɟ ɧɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɱɤɭ ɩɪɵɬɤɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɝɷɬɵɹ Ʌɸɛɚɲɵ >ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɿ @ ɉɪɚɱɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɶɜɿɬɚɧɶɧɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɡɪɚ ɡɭɦɟʆ ɲɬɨ ɡɚɯɜɚɪɷʆ ɹɤ ɦɚɟ ɛɵɰɶ ɐɟɥɚ ɥɚɦɿɥɚ ɚɞ ɡɶɧɹ 50
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɦɨɝɿ ɝɚɥɚɜɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɰɹɠɤɚɹ ɛɵ ɱɵɝɭɧ ɞɵɯɚɧɶɧɟ ɡɚɥɚɠɵɥɚ ± ɫɭɯɨɬɵ ɰɿ ɧɟ ɚ ɡɚɩɚɥɟɧɶɧɟ ɩɷʆɧɚɟ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɺɧ ɉɨɛɚɱ ɧɚ ɩɹɤɨɥɤɭ ɫɬɚɹɥɚ ɹɝɨɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɚʆɤɚ ɡ ɡɺɥɤɚɦɿ ɺɧ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɚɞɩɿʆ ɡ ɹɟ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɥɺɝ ɍ ɯɚɰɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɿɯɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɦɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɤɭɞɵɫɶ ɜɵɣɲɥɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɰɿɯɟɧɶɤɚ ɩɚɤɥɿɤɚʆ ɪɚɡ ɿ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɇɟ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɍɫɺ ɠ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɹɤ ɭɫɬɚ ɜɚɰɶ ɲɬɨɫɶɰɿ ɪ ɚɛɿɰɶ ɐɿ ɯɨɰɶ ɛɵ ɚɛ ɱɵɦɫɶɰɿ ɞɚɦɨɜɿɰɰɚ ± ɭɱɨɪɚ ɺɧ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɣ ɚɛ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɤɥɨɩɚɬɚɯ ± ɩɚɩɪɚ ɫɿʆɫɹ ɩɟɪɚɧɚɱɚɜɚɰɶ ɿ ʆɫɺ Ⱥ ɲɬɨ ɞɚɥɟɣ" Ⱦɚɥɟɣ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɩɚɪɚɿɰɰɚ ɚɛɦɟɪɤɚɜɚɰɶ ɡ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚɣ ɫɜɨɣ ɝɨɪɤɿ ɥɺɫ ɿ ɩɚɩɪɚɫɿɰɶ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝɿ Ⱥɜɨɫɶ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɠɚ ɉɚɞ ɫɬɨɥɶɥɸ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɫɶɜɹɬɥɟɥɚ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɧɚ ɞɜɚɪɵ ʆɠɨ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɞɧɟɥɚ ɿ ɺɧ, ɡ ɧɚɬɭɝɚɣ ɩɟɪɚɚɞɨɥɶɜɚɸɱɵ ɫɥɚɛɚɫɶɰɶ ɩɚɞɧɹʆɫɹ ɫɟʆ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɨɤ Ɍ ɚɤ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɫɺɧɶɧɹ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɯɚɞɨɤ ± ɫɺɧɶɧɹ ɺɧ ɦɨɝ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɥɹɠɚɰɶ Ɂɧɨʆ ɧɚɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɤɚɲɚɥɶ ɛɿʆ ɛɿʆ ɺɧ ɫɩɪɚɛɚɜɚʆ ɚɞɤɚɲɥɹɰɰɚ ɞɵ ɦɚɪɧɚ ɍ ɝɪɭɞɡɹɯ ɿɝɪɚɥɿ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɿɤɿ ɰɹɦɧɟɥɚ ʆɜɚɱɱɭ əɤ ɛɵ ɧɹ ɫɬɪɚɰɿɰɶ ɩɪɵɬɨɦɧɚɫɶɰɶ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɺɧ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɧɚɞɡɹɜɚɰɶ ɦɨɤɪɵɹ ɝɚɦɚɲɵ ɹɤ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡɞɚɥɨɫɹ ɡɚ ɜɭɝɥɨɦ ɝ ɪɵɦɧɭʆ ɜɿɧɬɨɜɚɱɧɵ ɫɬɪɷɥ ɿ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɠɚ ɡɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɠɚɥɚɫɧɚ ɡɚɹɤɚɬɚʆ ɫɚɛɚɤɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɫɤɚɥɚɧɭʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɭ ɿ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɚɞɡɟʆ ɥɟɜɵ ɝɚɦɚɲ ɹɤ ɭ ɫɟɧɰɚɯ ɫɬɭɤɧɭɥɿ ɞɡɶɜɟɪɵ ɿ ɺɧ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɬɨ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɤɪɨɤɚʆ ɬɚɦ ɞɚɥɿ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ± ɬɭɩɚɥɿ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɰɶɜɺɪɞɚ ɬɭɡɚɧɭɥɿ ɞɡɶɜɟɪɵ Ȭɧ ɡ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɝɚɦɚɲɨɦ ɭ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɜɵɝɥɹɧɭʆ ɡ ɡɚɩɟɱɤɭ ɿ ʆɜɚɱɱɭ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɰɹɦɧɟɥɚ ɐɟɪɚɡ ɩɚɪɨɝ ɩɟɪɚɫɬɭɩɿʆ ɿ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɪ ɨɫɥɵ ɛɟɥɚɛɪɵɫɵ ɞɡɹɰɸɤ ɭ ɪɚɫɲɩɿɥɟɧɚɣ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɚɣ ɜɚɬɨʆɰɵ ɡ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɚɸ ʆ ɪɭɤɚɯ Ɂ ɡɚ ɹɝɨɧɚɝɚ ɩɥɹɱɚ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɜɚʆ ɞɪɭɝɿ ± ɡ ɞɪɚɛɧɚɜɚɬɵɦ ɱɚɪɧɹɜɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɚɦ ɭ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɵɦ ɡ ɱɨɪ ɧɵɦ ɚɤɨɥɵɲɚɦ ɤɚɪɬɭɡɟ ɧɚ ʆɫɤɭɞɥɚɱɚɧɚɣ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ Ⱦɡɟɦɿ ɞɨɜɿɱ ɡɞɚɝɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɭɬɷɣɲɵɹ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɿ ɿ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɹɤ ɧɹɞɨɛɪɚ ɡɚɤɚɥɚɰɿɥɚɫɹ ɹɝɨ ɫɷɪɰɚ ± Ɉ ɿ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɚɪ ɡɚɜɺʆɫɹ ± ɡɚɦɟɫɬ ɩɪɵɜɿɬɚɧɶɧɹ ɛɚɞɡɺɪɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɩɟɪɲɵ ± ɐɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɝɨɫɶɰɶ" Ⱦɡɟɧɶ ɞɨɛɪɵ ± Ⱦɨɛɪɵ« ɞɡɟɧɶ ± ɧɹʆɩɷʆɧɟɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɞɪɵ ɝɨɬɤɿɦɿ ɪ ɭɤɚɦɿ ɫɩɪɚɛɭɸɱɵ ɧɚɫɭɧɭɰɶ ɧɚ ɧɚɝɭ ɫɵɪɵ ɝɪɚɡɤɿ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɝɚɦɚɲ ɍ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɡɚɤɪɭɠɵɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɤɚɛ ɧɹ ʆɩɚɫɶɰɿ ɺɧ ɚɩɭɫɶ ɰɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ʆɫɥɨɧ ± Ɇɟɫɧɵ ɰɿ ɩɪɵɟɡɞɠɵ ɛɭɞɡɟɲ" ± ɡ ɪɨɛɥɟɧɵɦ ɫɩɚɤɨɟɦ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɩɹɪɷɞɧɿ əɧɵ ɚɛɨɞɜɚ ʆɠɨ ʆɥɟɡɶɥɿ ʆ ɰɟɫɧɭɸ ɯɚɬɭ ɿ ɩɚɫɬɚɥɿ ɤɚɥɹ ɩɚɪɨɝɭ ± Ⱦɵ ɜɨɫɶ ɹɤ ɛɚɱɵɰɟ ɜɵɩɚɞɤɚɦ ± ɧɹɩɷʆɧɚ ɜɵɰɿɫɧɭʆ ɡ ɫɹɛɟ Ⱦ ɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɡ ɧɚɬɭɝɚɣ ɧɚɞɡɟɸɱɵ ɝɚɦɚɲ ± Ⱦɚ ɰɺɬɤɿ« ± Ⱦɚ ɰɺɬɤɿ" ± Ⱥɝɚ ɞɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɵ ± ɪɚɲɵʆ ɞɚ ɤɚɧɰɚ ɯɥɭɫɿɰɶ Ⱦɡɟɦɿ ɞɨɜɿɱ ɛɨ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɿ ɬɭɬɷɣɲɵɹ ɿɧɚɱɚɣ ɿɦ ɚɞɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ± Ɂɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ± ɰɺɬɤɚ" ± ɞɚɩɵɬɜɚʆɫɹ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɣ ± Ⱥ ɞɡɟ ɠ ɹɧɚ ɬɚɹ ɰɺɬɤɚ" ɐɹɠɤɚ ɬɭɩɚɸɱɵ ɩɚ ɞɨɲɤɚɯ ɩɚɞɥɨɝɿ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɦɿ ɝɪɚɡɤɿɦɿ ɛɨɬɚɦɿ ɺɧ ɩɪɚɣɲɨʆ ɞɚ ɝɪɭɛɤɿ ɡɚɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɭ ɡɚɩɟɱɱɚ ± Ⱦɵ ɤɭɞɵɫɶ ɜɵɣɲɥɚ ± ɰɿɯɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± Ɍ ɚɤ ɬɚɤ Ɂ ɹɤɨɣ ɦɷɬɚɣ ± ɞɚ ɰɺɬɤɿ" ± ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɣ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɲɵɫɹ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɿɦ ɧɚɫɭɩɪɚɰɶ ± ɇɚɞɨʆɝɚ" ± Ⱦɵ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɜɟɞɚɰɶ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± Ʉɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ" Ⱥɤɪɭɠɷɧɟɰ" əɧɵ ʆɠɨ ɚɛɨɞɜɚ ɩɪɵɞɡɿɪɥɿɜɚ ɚɝɥɹɞɜɚɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɡɦɚɪɧɟɥɭɸ ʆ ɩɿɧɠɚɤɭ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɶ Ɂɚɬɵɦ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɪɧɹɜɵ ɰɿɯɚ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɵʆ ± ɇɟ ɩɚɞɨɛɧɚ Ƚɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɿ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ± Ⱦɚ" Ƚɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɿ" ± ɭɬɚɪɨɩɿʆɲɵ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɩɨɡɿɪɤ ɞɚɩɵɬ ɜɚʆɫɹ ɩɟɪɲɵ ± Ⱥɞɤɭɥɶ" Ɂ ɪɚɺɧɭ" Ɂ ɜɨɛɥɚɫɶɰɿ" ± Ⱦɵ ɧɭ ɲɬɨ ɜɵ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ± ɡɶɦɹɧɿʆ ɫɬɪɵɦɚɧɵ ɬɨɧ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± ɇɟɥɶɝɚ ʆɠɨ ɪɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɿɰɭ ɩɪɚɜɟɞɚɰɶ" Ɂ ɉɨ ɥɚɰɤɭ ɹ ± Ɂ ɉɨɥɚɰɤɭ" ± Ɂ ɉɨɥɚɰɤɭ ± Ƚɥɹɞɠɭ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɦɧɟ ɬɜɚɹ ɮɿɡɿɹ ɡɧɚɺɦɚɹ ± ɧɚɫɬɵɪɱɵʆɫɹ ɩɟɪɲɵ ± əɤ ɩɪɨɡɶɜɿɲɱɚ" ± Ⱥ ɧɚɜɨɲɬɚ" ɇɭ Ɇɚɤɫɿɦɚʆ ± Ɇɚɤɫɿɦɚʆ« ɇɟ ɭɫɺ ɬɚɤɿ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɹ ɰɹɛɟ ɛɚɱɵʆ ȼɨ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɩɨɦɧɸ ± ɟʆ ɹɝɨ ɩɨɡɿɪɤɚɦ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɣ Ⱦɪɭɝɿ ɬɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɚɛɵɲɨʆ ɯɚɬɭ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɡɚ ɫɬɨɥ ɭ ɡɦɪɨɱɧɵɹ ɤɭɬɤɿ ɡɚ ɡɚɧɚɜɟɫɤɭ ʆ ɡɚɩɟɱɱɚ ± ɍ ɦɿɥɿɰɵɿ ɪɚɛɿʆ" ± Ⱦɵ ɲɬɨ ɜɵ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ" 52
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± Ⱥɥɟ ɞɡɟ ɠ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ" ± ɧɟ ɫɬɪɵɜɚʆ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɿ ɩɪɚɡ ɭɰɚɥɟɥɭɸ ɲɵɛɤɭ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɭ ɡɚɬɤɧɭɬɚɟ ɬɪɚɧɬɚɦɿ ɜɚɤɧɨ ± Ɇɨɠɚ ɤɚɪɨɜɭ ɩɚɝɧɚɥɚ ± ɩɚɫɩɪɚɛɚɜɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɚɞɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɿɯɧɸɸ ʆɜɚɝɭ ɧɚ ɿɧɲɚɟ ± Ɉ ɭ ɹɟ ʆɠɨ ɿ ɤɚɪɨɜɚ ɩɚɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ± ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɣ ± Ⱥ ɬɨ ɤɚɡɚɧɫɤɚɣ ɫɿɪɚɬɨɣ ɩɪɵɤɿɞɜɚɥɚɫɹ« ± ɉɚɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɚɝɚ ± Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɿɦ ɧɚ ɜɵɝɚɧɟ ± ɜɵɪɚɲɵʆ ɩɟɪɲɵ ± ɇɭ ɞɵɤ ɦɵ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɬɜɚɟɦɫɹ ɩɥɹɦɟɧɶɧɿɱɚɤ əɲɱɷ ɩɚɛɚɱɵɦ ɫɹ ± ɡɚɩɷʆɧɿʆ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɣ ɭɠɨ ʆ ɞɡɶɜɹɪɚɯ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɹɧɵ ɦɟɥɿ ɿɧɲɭɸ ɦɷɬɭ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɩɪɵɯɨɞɭ ɿ ɧɚɩɚɬɤɚɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɬɭɬ ɜɵɩɚɞɤɨɜɚ Ɂɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɦɵɜɚɰɰɚ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɤɭɞɵ" Ɂɚɫɬɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɺɧ ɡɧɨʆ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɛɥɚɝɚ ɥɟɞɡɶɜɟ ɧɚɫɭɧɭʆ ɭ ɪɭɤɚɜɵ ɧɟɩɪɚɫɨɯɥɵ ɫɵɪɚɜɚɬɵ ɡ ɭɱɚɪɚɲɧɹɝɚ ɩɥɚɲɱ ɡɧɨʆ ɫɟʆ ɧɚ ʆɫɥɨɧ ȱ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɲɥɹɸɱɵ ɿ ɫɥɭɯɚ ɸɱɵ ɹɤ ɚɞ ɧɚɬɭɝɿ ɡɶɜɿɧɿɰɶ ɭ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ Ȭɧ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɬɵɹ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɩɪɵɣɞɭɰɶ ɡ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚɣ ɿ ɜɨɡɶɦɭɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɐɿ ɡɚɫɬɪɷ ɥɹɰɶ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɰɵ Ʉɚɛ ɜɟɞɚɰɶ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɞɵɤ ɯɨɰɶ ɛɵ ɞɚɦɨɜɿɰɰɚ ʆɱɨɪɚ ɡ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɵɧɹɣ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɹɟ ɩɥɹɦɟɧɶɧɿɤ ɰɿ ɛ ɪɚɬ ɚ ɬɨ« ɇɚ ɹɝɨ ɲɱɚɫɶɰɟ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɤɭ ɡɚɬɭɩɚɥɿ ɰɿɯɟɧɶɤɿɹ ɤɪɨɤɿ ɿ ʆ ɫɟɧɰɵ ɫɬɭɩɿɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɚɞɧɹʆɫɹ ɡ ɭɫɥɨɧɭ ± ɉɚɥɿɰɚɿ ɛɵɥɿ ɐɹɛɟ ɲɭɤɚɸɰɶ ɍ ɜɚɱɚɯ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɿ ɲɚɫɧɭʆ ɰɟɧɶ ɫɬɪɚɯɭ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɡɶɦɹɧɿ ɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɬɜɚɪɭ ± Ⱥɣ ɛɨɠɚɱɤɿ ± ɋɯɚɜɚɣ ɦɹɧɟ ɤɭɞɵ ± ɡɚɝɚɜɚɪɵʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± Ȼɨ ɡɧɨʆ ɩɪɵɣɞɭɰɶ ± Ⱥɣ ɛɨɠɚɱɤɿ ± ɡɧɨʆ ɜɵɦɚɜɿɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɿ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɩɚɞɯɚɩɿɥɚɫɹ ɚɞ ɩɚɪɨɝɭ ± ɏɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɿɞɡɿɰɟ ɫɸɞɵ« ə ɡɚɪɚɡ ɡɿɪɧɭ əɧɚ ɜɵɫɤɚɱɵɥɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɚɤ ɩɚɚɡɿɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɭɫɤɨ ɱɵɥɚ ʆ ɫɟɧɿ ± ȱɞɡɿɰɟ ɫɸɞɵ« Ɂɚ ɦɧɨɣ ɜɨ ɚɝɚɪɨɞɚɦɿ ɞɚ ɬɵɯ ɤɭɫɶɰɿ ɤɚʆ« Ȭɧ ɧɟ ɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɤɭɞɵ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɹɦɭ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɫɩɚɞ ɡɹɜɚɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɭ ɭ ɺɣ ɛɵʆ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɪɚɬɭɧɚɤ ɏɿɫɬɚɸ ɱɵɫɹ ɚɞ ɡɶɧɹɦɨɝɿ ɺɧ ɩɚɤɥɵɩɚʆ ɡɚ ɺɣ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɟɠɰɵ ɰɟɪɚɡ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɝɚɪɨɞ ɞɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɬɚɦ ɭɠɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɹɤɨɟ ɧɿɹɤɨɟ ɫɯɨɜɿɲɱɚ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɱɚɤɚɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɭɡɹɥɚ ɡɚ ɪɭɤɭ ± ȼɨ ɬɭɞɵ ɭ ɥɹɫɨɤ ɬɚɦ« ə ɡɧɚɸ ɤɭɞɵ ɉɚɥɿɰɚɿ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɲɭɤɚɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɧɚ ɜɵɝɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɿɦ ɤɚɧ ɰɵ ɫɩɚɥɟɧɚɣ ɜɺɫɤɿ ɚ ɹɧɚ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɩɪɵɜɹɥɚ ɹɝɨ ʆ ɪɷɞɤɿ ɞɪɨɛ ɧɵ ɥɹɫɨɤ ɡ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɦ ɛɹɪɷɡɶɧɿɤɚɦ ɬɭɬ ɭɠɨ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɬɭɥɿɰɰɚ ɚɞ ɜɺɫɤɿ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɱɚɤɚɥɚ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɺɧ ɚɞ ɤɚɲɥɹɟɰɰɚ ± ɒɬɨ ɤɟɩɫɤɚ ɜɚɦ" ± Ʉɟɩɫɤɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɿ ɯɪɵɩɚɬɚ ɞɵ ɯɚɸɱɵ ± ə ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɬɵ ɦɚɹ ɰɺɬɤɚ ± ȼɨ ɹɤ ± ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɿ ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɹɧɚ ɡ ɧɟɩɪɵɟɦɧɚɫɶɰɸ ɩɚ ɞɭɦɚʆɲɵ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɹɤɚɹ ɹ ɬɚɛɟ ɰɺɬɤɚ" Ɇɨɠɚ ɝɚɞɵ ɧɚ ɞɜɚ ɫɬɚɪɷɣɲɚɹ ɦɚɝɥɚ ɛ ɛɵɰɶ ɠɨɧɤɚɣ ɫɹɫɬɪɨɣ Ⱥ ɬɨ ± ɰɺɬɤɚ əɧɚ ʆɠɨ ɜɟɞɚɥɚ ɞɡɟ ɫɯɚɜɚɟ ɹɝɨ ± ɿɧɲɚ ɝɚ ɫɯɨɜɭ ʆ ɹɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɚ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ʆɬɪɨɯ ɿɦ ɦɨɠɚ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɋɺɧɶ ɧɹ ɪɚɧɿɱɤɚɣ ɹɤ ɹɧɚ ɩɪɵɧɟɫɥɚ ɟɠɭ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɭ ɿ ɧɚɫɭɧɭ ɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɞɵɤ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɧɟ ɫɚɦɥɟɥɚ ɚɞ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɭ Ⱦɨɛɪɚ ɲɬɨ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɚɡɜɚʆɫɹ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɹɟ ɫɬɪɚɯ ɿ ɫɭɩɚɤɨɿʆ ɋɤɚɡɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɞɷɡɟɪɰɿɪ ɧɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɚɹɰɰɚ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɫɶɦɹɥɟɥɚ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɚɥɟ ʆɫɺ ɪɨʆɧɚ ɛɚɹɥɚɫɹ ɩɚ ɤɭɥɶ ɫɟɞɡɹɱɵ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɤɚɪɦɿɥɚ ɫɶɥɹɩɨ ɝɚ ɇɚ ɹɟ ɪɚ ɞɚɫɶɰɶ ɫɺɧɶɧ ɹ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɱɭʆɫɹ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɿ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɡɶɟʆ ɹɟ ɯɚɪɱɭ ɚɫɬɚɬɧɹɟ ɞɚ ɤɪɨɲɤɿ ɞɚɟʆ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɬɚɤɿ ɡɝɚ ɥɚɞɧɟɥɵ ɧɟɦɟɰ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɱ ɵɦ ɧɚɤɚɪɦɿɰɶ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɞɡɶɜɟ ɞɭɲɵ ɡɚʆɬɪɚ ɿ ɡ ɬɚɤɿɦ ɤɥɨɩ ɚɬɚɦ ɹɧɚ ɩɪɵ ɛɟɝɥɚ ɞɚɦɨʆ Ⱥ ɬɭɬ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɧɚɝɨɞɚ ± ɩɚɥɿɰ ɵɹ ɒɬɨ ɠ ɰɹ ɩɟɪ ɺɣ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ Ɂɧɨʆ ɠɚ ɝɷɬɵ Ⱦɡɟɦɿ ɞɨɜɿɱ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɡɚɯɜɚɪɷʆ ɧɟ ɧɚ ɠɚɪɬɵ ɺɧ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɛɟɝɱɵ ɿ ɯɿɫɬɤɚ ɩɥɺʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɺɣ ɩɚ ɦɚɥɚɯɨɞɠɚ ɧɚɣ ɫɶɰɟɠɰɵ ʆ ɡɚɪɚɫɶɧɿɤɚɯ ɚ ɬɨ ɫɩɵɧɹʆɫɹ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɤɚɲɥɹʆ ± ɝɭɱɧɚ ɿ ɧɚɞ ɪɵʆɧɚ ɩɚ ɫɚɛɚɱɵ Ɍɪɨɯɿ ɫɭɩɚɤɨɿʆɲɵɫɹ ɚɞ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɭ ʆ ɯɚɰɟ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɱɚɥɚ ɞɭ ɦɚɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɭɞɡɟɧɶ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɧɹɝɨɠɚ ɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɩ ɨɥɟ ɱɭɠɨɝɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɿ ɹɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɤɿ ɧɭɰɶ ɯɜɨɪɚɝɚ ʆ ɥɟɫɟ" əɲɱɷ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɬɭɬ ɚɛɥɹɠɚ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɞɵ ɡ ɿɦ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ" ɐɹɩɟɪ ɯɿɛɚ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɞɵɫɶɰɿ ɞɚ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ɧɹ ɩɨɥɟɦ ɚ ɡɛɨɱ ɚɞ ɩɨɩɥɚɜɭ ɬɨɸ ɬɪɚɧɲɷ ɹɣ Ɍ ɚɦ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɫɯɨʆɧ ɚ Ɇɨ ɬɚɤ ɿɯ ɧɟ ɡɚʆɜɚ ɠɚɰɶ ɡɞɚɥɹ 54
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɇɹ ɧɚɞɬɚ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɿ ɫɩɪɵɬɧɚ ɹɧɵ ɜɵɣɲɥɿ ɡ ɥɹɫɤɭ ɩɚ ɧɚɞ ɜɹɥɿɡɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɫɶɰɹɝɚɦ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲɱɚ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ɿɞɭɱɵ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɭɫɺ ɚɡɿɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɩɪɵɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚɥɚ ɫɜɨɣ ɤɪɨɤ ɤɚɛ ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɚɞɪɵɜɚɰɰɚ ɚɞ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ Ɍ ɚɤ ɹɧɵ ɚɞɨɥɟɥɿ ɞɚɜɨɥɿ ɞɚʆɝɿ ɫɯɿɥ ɿ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɿ ɞɚ ɤɚɧɰɚ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ Ɍ ɭɬ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɭ ɦɟɥɤɚɣ ɩɚ ɩɨɹɫ ɧɹ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɧɹ ɧɚɞ ɬɚ ɤɚɛ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɯɨʆɧɚ ɿ ɞɭɠɚ ɝɪɚɡɤɚ ʆ ɞɧɟ ɚɥɟ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɫɤɨɱɵɥɚ ʆ ɹɟ ɲɱɵɥɿɧɭ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɬɭɞɵ ɩɚɜɚɝɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɭ ɥɟɡ ɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɉɪɵɝɿɧɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɹɧɵ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɩɪɚɛɿɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɤɪɵ ɜɭɥɹɤɚɦɿ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɬɵɯ ɯɚɞɨʆ ɹɤɿɹ ɩɚɤɪɵɫɟ ɪɚɛɿɥɿɫɹ ɝ ɥɵɛɟɣ ɲɵɦɿ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟɪ ɚɛɚɩɚɥ ɜɵɲɷʆ ɿ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɦɭ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɭ ʆɠɨ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɹ ɝɨɪɛɿɰɰɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɹɦɭ ɧɟ ɫɩɚɞɚ ɛɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɭɠɨ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɪɚɡ ɩɪɵɩɵɧɹɸɱɵɫɹ ɩɵɬɚʆ ɫɹ ʆ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɵ ± Ʉɭɞɵ ɝ ɷɬɚ ɦɵ" ± ȱɞɡɿɰɟ ɿɞɡɿɰɟ ± ɥɚɝɨɞɧɚ ɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɹɧɚ ɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ± Ɍ ɚɦ ɞɜɨɟ ɚɥɟ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɜɹɥɿɤɿ ± Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠ" ± ɇɭ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɪɚɞɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɰɿ ɡɥɚɜɚɰɶ ± ɛ ɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɿ ɧɟɣɤɿɯ ɞɜɨɟ ʆ ɿɦ ± ɞɨɛɪɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɫɜɚɟ Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɟɦɚɜɟɞɚɦɚ ɹɤɿɹ" əɤ ɬɚɞɵ ɹɦɭ ɛɵɰɶ" Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɥɹ ɚɩɨɲɧɹɣ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬɤɿ ɹɧɵ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɋɟɪɚ ɮɿɦɚ ɰɿɯɚ ɝɭɤɧɭɥɚ ± Ƚɷɬɚ ɹ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ± Ɍ ɵ ɬɺɬɤɚ" ± ɝɥɭɯɚ ɞɚɧɟɫɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɟɪɲɚɹ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɚ ɞɚ ɧɚɩɚʆɡɚɫɵɩɚɧɚɝɚ ɯɨɞɭ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɠɚ ɧɟɪɚɲɭɱɚ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɡɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɿ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɹɤ ɹɧɚ ɫɯɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɦ ɫɭɧɭʆɫɹ ɫɶɥɟɞɚɦ ± ȼɨ ɩɪɵɜɹɥɚ ɹɲɱɷ ± ɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɤɚɦɭɫɶ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ± ɇɹ ɛɨɣɰɟɫɹ ɫɜɨɣ ɍ ɪɚɣɤɚɦɟ ɪ ɚɛɿʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɞɭɠɚ ʆɝɧɭʆɲɵ ɝɚɥɚɜɭ ɹɤɚɹ ʆɩɿɪɚ ɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɧɿɡɤɭɸ ɫɬɨɥɶ ɿ ɜɚ ʆɫɟ ɜɨɱɵ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɭ ɩɚʆɡɦɪɨɤɭ ɧɚ ɜɚɣɫɤɨʆɰɚ ɡ ɡɚɛɿɧɬɚɜɚɧɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɚɦ ɲɬɨ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɭ ɤɭɰɟ Ɍ ɨɣ ɩɚɤɥɚʆ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɭ ɲɵɧɹɥɹ ɫɜɨɣ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ɿ ɚɞɯɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɶɩɿɧɭ ± Ɏɚɦɢɥɢɹ" ± Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɝɨɫɶɰɶ Ɍ ɭɬ ɭɠɨ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɦɨɠ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟ ɬɚɿɰɰɚ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɿɦ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ɤɚ ɩɿɬɚɧ ɜɨɣɫɤ ɫɭɜɹɡɿ Ɍ ɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɫɩɚɤɚɣɧɟʆɲɵ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɭɛɨɤ ɡɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɭ ɿ ɫɭɞɚɪɝɚɜɚ ɫɶɰɹʆɫɹ ɡ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɤɭɬɤɚ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɩɿɥɶɧɚ ɿ ɜɵɩɪɚɛɚɜɚɥɶɧɚ ʆɡɿɪɚʆɫɹ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɞɡɹ ɰɸɤ ɭ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɦ ɦɭɧɞɡɿɪɵ ɡ ɧɹɩɷʆɧɵɦ ɚɥɟ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ɱɭɠɵɦ ɜɵɪɚɡɚɦ ɧɚ ɛɟɥɚɛɪɵɫɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɵ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɡɪɚ ɡɭɦɟʆɲɵ ɡɶɞɡɿʆɥɟɧɶɧɟ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɚɫɶɩɹ ɲɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɭɩɚɤɨɿɰɶ ɹɝɨ ± ɇɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ« əɤ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ« ©Ⱦɨɛɪɚ ± ɹɤ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶª ± ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɹɤɿ ʆɠɨ ɛɵʆ ɧɹ ɫɭɩɪɚɰɶ ɞɚɰɶ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ ɞɪɚɥɚ ɤɚɛ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɦɨɝ Ⱥɥɟ ʆɠɨ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɹɦɭ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ ɧɹ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɿ ɺɧ ɭɠɨ ʆ ɩɚɫɬɰɵ ± ɬɚɤɿɹ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɩɟɪɲ ɡɚ ʆɫɺ ɿɧɲɚɟ ɩɚɹɜɿɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ Ʉɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɦɿɠ ɬɵɦ ɜɚɪɭɯɧɭʆ ɭɩɚɪɬɵɦ ɩɚɞɛɚɪɨɞɞɡɟɦ ɩɚ ɤɚɡɜɚɸɱɵ ɤɭɞɵɫɶɰɿ ʆɛɨɤ ± ɋɚɞɢɫɶ Ⱦɟɦɢɞɨɜɢɱ ɪɚɫɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɣ Ƚɞɟ ɧɚɲɢ" ɗɬɨ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɞɟɡɟɪɬɢɪ ɧɟ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɣ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ Ɂɚɤɭɪɢɬɶ ɢɦɟ ɟɲɶ" ± ɇɟ ɤɭɪɭ ɹ« ± ɩɚɧɵɥɚ ɜɵɰɿɫɧɭʆ ɡ ɫɹɛɟ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± ɇɟ ɤɭɪɢɲɶ" ɀɚɥɶ« Ⱥ ɬɨ ɭ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɷɬɢ ɫɢɝɚɪɟɬɵ ɱɬɨ ɬɪɚɜɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɢɦɚ ± ɩɚɤɥɿɤɚʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ± Ɍ ɵ ɧɟ ɫɦɨɠɟɲɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɶ ɤɭɪɟɜɚ" ɇɭ ɦɚɯɪɵ ɬɚɦ ɢɥɢ ɫɚɦɨɫɚɞɚ" ± Ɍ ɚɛɚɤɿ" Ⱦɵɤ ɞɡɟ ɠ« Ʉɚɛ ɹɤɿ ɦɭɠɱɵɧɚ ɛɵʆ ± Ⱥ ɬɵ ɩɨɫɬɚɪɚɣɫɹ Ȼɟɡ ɤɭɪɟɜɚ ɬɭɬ ɩɨɝɢɛɟɥɶ« Ɍ ɚɤ ɝɞɟ ɮɪɨɧɬ ɧɟ ɫɥɵɯɚɬɶ" ± Ⱥ ɯɬɨ ɠ ɹɝɨ ɜɟɞɚɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɹɛɥɿɡɤɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɚ ɱɚɪɡɟ ɩɟɪɚɜɨɞɡɿʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɭɫɬɪɵɜɨɠɚɧɵ ɩɨɡɿɪɤ ɬɨ ɧɚ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚ ɬɨ ɧɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ ʆ ɤɭɰɟ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɚɩɭɫɶ ɰɿʆɫɹ ɩɚɞ ɫɶɰɹɧɨɣ ɥɹ ʆɜɚɯɨɞɭ ɡɚɤɚɲɥɹʆɫɹ Ʉɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɭɫ ɥɭɯɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɤɚɲɚɥɶ ɿ ɹɤ ɬɨɣ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɪɵɰɿɯ ɫɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ± ɑɬɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɭɞɢɥɫɹ" ± ɉɪɚɫɬɭɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɯɚɥɟɪɚ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ« ± Ⱦɚ ɧɚɞɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɜ ɢɡɛɟ ɩɨɥɟɠɚɬɶ ± ɉɚɥɹɠɚʆ ɧɨɱ Ⱦɵ ɪɚɧɤɚɦ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɿ ɜɵɤɭɪɵɥɿ ± ɉɨɥɢɰɚɢ" ɍɠɟ ɢ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɥɚɫɶ" ȼɨɬ ɫɜɨ ɥɨɱɢ ɂ ɨɬɤɭɞɚ ɜɡɹɥɢɫɶ" ɋɜɨɢ" ɉɪɢɯɨɠɢɟ" ± Ⱥ ɱɨɪɬ ɿɯ ɜɟɞɚɟ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɤɪɚɞɤɨɦ ɩɚɡɿ ɪɚɸɱɵ ɧɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ 56
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± ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɿ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɿ ɝɷɬɚ ± ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ʆɫɬɚɜɿɥɚ ɋɟɪɚ ɮɿɦɤɚ ± Ȼɨɥɟɣ ɧɟɤɚɦɭ əɧɵ ± ɯɚɥɟɪɧɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɜɹɪɧɭʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɭ ʆ ɹɟ ɛɨɤ ± Ɍ ɵ ɟɳɟ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɋɟɪɚɮɢɦɚ" Ɍ ɚɤ ɩɨɡɚɛɨɬɢɲɶɫɹ ɨ ɤɭ ɪɟɜɟ ɞɚ" ± Ⱥɣ ɞɡɟ ɠ ɞɵɤ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸ ɇɭ ɩɚɲɭɤɚɸ« Ⱦɵɤ ɹ ɝɷɬɚ ɩɚɣɞɭ ȼɹɱɷɪɭ ɠ ɜɚɦ ɬɪɷɛɚ əɧɚ ɩɚɥɟɡɥɚ ɞɚ ɜɵɯɚɞɭ ɿ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɹɲɱɷ ɪɚɡ ɧɚɩɨɦɧɿʆ ± Ƚɥɚɜɧɨɟ ± ɡɚɤɭɪɢɬɶ əɧɵ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɿɫɹ ʆɬɪɨɯ ɭ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɜɚɥɶɧɟɥɚ ɍ ɝɪɭɞɡɹɯ ɭ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɡɧɨʆ ɡɚɯɪɵɩɟɥɚ ɺɧ ɩɚɫɩɪɚɛɚɜɚʆ ɚɞɤɚɲɥɹɰɰɚ ɞɵ ɞɡɟ ɬɚɦ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɡɚɛɿɥɚ ʆɫɟ ɥɺɝɤɿɹ Ʉɚɲ ɥɹɸɱɵ ɤɪɚɞɤɨɦ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɧɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɹɤɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɭɜɚɠɥɿɜɚ ɪɚɡɝɥɹɞɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɹɤ ɺɧ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɫɶɰɿɯ ɫɩɵɬɚʆ ± ɉɧɟɜɦɨɧɢɹ" ± ɒɬɨ" ± ɚɠ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚʆɫɹ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± Ɇɨɠɚ ɛɵɰɶ Ʉɚɥɿ ɧɹ ɝɨɪɲ« ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ɿ ɬɭɬ ɠɚ ɩɚɲɤɚɞɚɜɚʆ ɡɧɚɣɲɨʆ ɤɚɦɭ ɫɤɚɪɞɡɿɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɸ ɯ ɜɚɪɨɛɭ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɩɚɞ ɫɶɰɹ ɧɨɣ ɪɚɫɫɬɚɜɿʆɲɵ ɤɚɥɟɧɿ ɡ ɩɟɪɚɩɷɰɤɚɧɵɦɿ ɛɨɬɚɦɿ ɧɚ ɧɚ ɝɚɯ ɇɚ ɹɝɨ ɲɵɪɨɤɚɣ ɞɡɹɡɟ ɡ ɛɟɥɚɣ ɛɥɿɫɤɭɱɚɣ ɫɩɪɚɠɤɚɣ ɝɪɭɜɚɫɶɰɿʆɫɹ ɜɹɥɿɤɿ ɱɨɪɧɵ ɤɚɛɭɪ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɡ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚɦ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɑɨɪɬ ɜɟɞɚɟ ɲɬɨ ɪɨɛɿɰɰɚ ɭ ɹɤɭɸ ɩɚɫɬɤɭ ɹɝɨ ɡɚɜɹɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɠ ɝɷɬɵ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ" ɐɿ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɟ ʆɫɹɝɨ ɠɚɯɭ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɲɱɚ" Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɡɚɩɵ ɬɚɰɰɚ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɝɚɜɚɪɵɰɶ ɚɥɟ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɭɫɺ ɤɚɫɚɜɭɪɵʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ ± ɚ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɬɨɣ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɟ ɩɚ ɪɭɫɤɭ" ɇɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɬɚɤ ɹɧɨ ɿ ɚɬɪɵɦɚɥɚɫɹ ɹɤ ɺɧ ɧɚɣɛɨɥɟɣ ɛɚ ɹʆɫɹ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɫɭɧɹʆɫɹ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɤɚɲɥɸ ɜɵ ɪɚɡɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ± ɉɧɟɜɦɨɧɢɹ ɧɟɦɧɨɠɤɨ ɩɨɦɨɝɚɥɶ« ɂɯ« ə ɢɦɟɥɶ ɫɬɪɟɩɬɨɰɢɞ Ȭɧ ɜɵɰɹɝɧɭʆ ɡ ɤɭɬɤɭ ɧɟɣɤɭɸ ɫɭɦɤɭ ɪɚɫɲɩɿɥɿʆ ɹɟ ɩɚ ɤɚɥɭɩɚʆɫɹ ɬɚɦ ɿ ɞɚɫɬɚʆ ɩɚɩɟɪɤɭ ɡ ɹɤɨɣ ɜɵɥɭɲɱɵʆ ɛɟɥɭɸ ɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɭ ± Ȼɪɚɥɶ ɍɧɞ ɜɚɫɟɪ ɨɞɢɧ ɬɚɛɥɟɬ Ⱥɦɚɥɶ ɫɚ ɫɬɪɚɯɚɦ ɭ ɞɭɲɵ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚɫɭɩ ɪɚɰɶ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɹɤ ɛ ɵɰɶ ɭɡɹɰɶ ɰɿ ɚɞɦɨɜɿɰɰɚ ȱ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɧɿɛɵ ɚɞɱɭʆɲɵ ɹɝɨ ɧɟɪɚɲɭɱɚɫɶɰɶ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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± ȼɨɡɶɦɢ ɇɟ ɨɛɦɚɧɟɬ Ɇɧɟ ɜɨɧ ɝɥɚɡɚ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɥ ɫɪɚ ɡɭ ɝɧɨɣ ɬɟɱɶ ɩɟɪɟɫɬɚɥ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɪɚɰɹɝɧɭʆ ɪɭɤɭ ɭɡɹʆ ɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɭ ɭɜɚɠɥɿɜɚ ɪɚɡɝɥɟɞɡɟʆ ɹɟ ɧɚ ɞɚɥɨɧɿ ɉɪɚɝɥɵɧɭɰɶ ɰɿ ɧɟ" Ⱥ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɚɬɪɭɬɚ" ȱ ɺɧ ɫɶɰɹʆ ɹɟ ʆ ɤɭɥɚɤɭ ɧɟɩɪɵɤɦɟɬɧɚ ɫɭɧɭʆ ɭ ɤɿɲɷɧɶ ɩɥɚɲɱɚ ± Ⱦɚ ɚ ɩɨɩɚɥɢ ɤɚɤ ɦɵɲɢ ɜ ɝɨɪɥɚɱ ± ɝɪɭɛɚɜɚɬɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɭ ɡɞɵɯɧɭʆɲɵ ± ɑɟɝɨ ɞɨɠɞɟɦɫɹ" Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ʆɡɞɵɯɧɭʆ ɿ ɰɿɯɚ ɡɚɩɥɸɲɱɵʆ ɜɨɱɵ Ʉɚɪɰɟɥɚ ɚɩɭɫɶɰɿɰɰɚ ɞɨɥɭ ɫɤɨɪɱɵɰɰɚ ɥɟ ɝɱɵ ± ɚɞɞɚɰɰɚ ɫɩɚɤɨɸ Ⱥɥɟ ɹɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɚɞɞɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɫɩɚɤɨɸ ʆ ɝɷɬɤɚɣ ɤɚɦ ɩɚɧɿɿ ɿ ɺɧ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɥɹ ʆɜɚɯɨɞɭ ɡɶɧɹɦɨɝɥɚ ɫɨɱɚɱɵ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɿɥɛɚ ɡɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɦ Ɍ ɨɣ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɩɨɪɤɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɫɭɦɰɵ ± ɩɟɪɚɛɿɪɚʆ ɦɟɞɵɰɵɧɫɤɚɟ ɧɚɱɵɧɶɧɟ ± ɫɤɪɭɬɤɿ ɛɿɧɬɨʆ ɛɭ ɬɷɥɟɱɤɿ ɩɚɤɭ ɧɤɿ ɧɚɠɧɿɰɵ Ɍ ɜɚɪ ɹɝɨ ɛɵʆ ɡɚɤɥɚɩɨɱɚɧɵ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɭɜɚɝɚɣ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɺɧ ɭɠɨ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɧɟ ɝɥɹɞɡɟ ʆ ȱ ɬɚɞɵ Ⱦɡɟ ɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɫɩɵɬɚʆ ± Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɚɮɿɰɷɪ ɛɭɞɡɟɰɟ" ± ȼɚɫ" ± ɧɟ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɚɥɟ ɡɚ ɹɝɨ ɚɞɤɚɡɚʆ ɤɚɩɿ ɬɚɧ ± ɇɟ ɨɮɢɰɟɪ ɉɨɝɨɧɵ ɭ ɧɟɝɨ ɤɚɤɢɟ" Ȼɟɡ ɡɧɚɤɨɜ" Ⱥ ɧɚ ɪɭɤɚɜɟ ɱɬɨ ɭ ɧɟɝɨ" ± ɇɚ ɪɭɤɚɜɟ ɧɚɲɵʆɤɚ ɇɟɣɤɿ ɜɭɝɨɥɶɧɿɤ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ Ⱦɡɟ ɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± ȼɨɬ ɭɝɨɥɶɧɢɤ Ɂɧɚɱɢɬ ɟɮɪɟɣɬɨɪ ± ə ɹ ± ɡɚɤɿɜɚʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɨɣ ɧɟɦɟɰ ± Ɉɛɟɪ ɟɮɪɟɣɬɨɪ ɏɨɥɶɰ ± Ɋɚɛɨɱɵ ɰɿ ɫɟɥɹɧɿɧ ɛɭɞɡɟɰɟ" ± ɡɧɨʆ ɩɚɰɿɤɚɜɿʆɫɹ Ⱦɡɟ ɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± Ⱥɪɛɚɣɬ" ɇɿɯɬɫ ɚɪɛɚɣɬ ɋɬɭɞɟɧɬ ± Ⱥ ɫɬɭɞɷɧɬ Ⱥ ɛɚɰɶɤɚ ɯɬɨ" Ⱥɰɟɰ" ± Ɉɬɟɰ ɭ ɧɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ± Ɇɵ ɜɱɟ ɪɚ ɩɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɥɢɫɶ ɇɢɱɟɝɨ ɯɨɪɨɲɢɣ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɵɣ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɡɦɨʆɱɚʆ ɬɚɤ ɭɠɨ ɿ ɧɚɞɡɟɣɧɵ" Ⱥɞɤɭɥɶ ɝɷɬɚ ɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɭ" ɏɿɛɚ ɫɚɦ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ" Ⱥɥɟ ɺɧ ɬɚɛɟ ɧɚɝɚɜɨ ɪɵɰɶ ɉɟɪɚɜɹɡɚʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɭ" Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɲɩɿɺɧ" Ɂɚɫɥɚɧɵ ɫɸɞɵ ɫɶɩɟɰɵɹɥɶɧɚ" ± Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɨɬ ɫɢɝɚɪɟɬ ɩɪɢɯɜɚɬɢɥ ɦɚɥɨɜɚɬɨ ± ɩɚɫɤɚɪɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ± ɇɚɜɟɪɧɨ ɞɭɦɚɥ ɜ ɩɥɟɧɭ ɪɚɡɠɢɬɶɫɹ Ⱥ ɭ 58
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɧɚɫ ɭ ɫɚɦɢɯ ɜ ɤɚɪɦɚɧɟ ± ɜɨɲɶ ɧɚ ɚɪɤɚɧɟ ɇɭ ɤɭɪɵɜɚ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɧɹ ɫɚɦɚɟ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɜɚɠɧɚɟ ²ɞɭɦɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ² Ȼɟɡ ɬɚɛɚɤɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɦɺɪ Ȭɧ ɜɨ ɧɹ ɟʆ ɡ ɭɱɚɪɚɲɧɹɝɚ ɯɨɰɶ ɭ ɫɭɦɰɵ ɦɭɥɹɥɚ ɡ ɩɚʆɛɨɯɚɧɚ ɯɥɟ ɛɚ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɿ ɫɚɥɚ Ⱥɥɟ« ɇɹɺɦɤɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɬɨɟ ɜɵɤɥɚɞɜɚɰɶ ɚ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ± ɞɡɹɥɿɰɰɚ ɡ ɬɵɦ ɧɟɦɰɚɦ Ʌɟɩɲ ɺɧ ɩɚɝɚɥɚɞɚɟ ɚ ɬɚɦ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ >ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ @ ɇɚ ɱɚɰɶɜɺɪɬɵ ɰɿ ɩɹɬɵ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɪɚɧɟɧɶɧɹ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɥɟɩɟɣ ± ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɚɞɥɹɠɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɜɵɫ ɩɚʆɫɹ ɚ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ± ɩɟɪɚɫɬɚɥɿ ɜɨɫɬɪɚ ɛɚɥɟɰɶ ɜɨɱɵ ɿ ɝɚɥɚ ɜɚ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɞɡɟɹ ɲɬɨ ɦɨɠɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɜɵɠɵɜɟ ɇɟ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɺɧ ɩɪɵɡɜɵɱɚɿʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɬɨɣ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɲɬɨ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɜɚɹɤɚ ɲɬɨ ɹɝɨɧɚɟ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɚɟ ɦɿɧɭɥɚɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ʆɫɺ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɿ ɤɚɥɿ ɿ ɜɵɠɵɜɟ ɞɵɤ ɹɝɨ ɱɚɤɚɟ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɿɧɲɚɟ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɧɟɜɹ ɞɨɦɚɟ ɹɦɭ ɇɚɣɩɟɪɲ ± ɫɶɥɟɩɚɬɚ Ȼɚɱɵɰɶ ɹɦɭ ʆɠɨ ɦɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɧɹ ɩɪɵɣɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɩɪɵɣɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɜɟɤ ɠɵɰɶ ɭɧɚ ɱɵ Ʉɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɤɚɥɿ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆɞɚɫɰɚ ɜɵɠɵɰɶ« Ƚɷɬɚɹ ɠɚɧɱɵ ɧɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ʆɪɚɬɚɜɚɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɚɞ ɝɨɥɚɞɭ ɚɞɩɚɿɥɚ ɡɺɥɤɚɦɿ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɞɡɹɤɭɣ ɹɦɭ ɩɚɦɨɝ ɦɟɞɵɰɵɧɚɣ ± ɭɱɨɪɚ ɤɚɬɨɪɵ ɪɚɡ ɩɪɚɦɵʆ ɱɵɦɫɶɰɿ ɫɶɦɹɪɞɡɸɱɵɦ ɜɨɱɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɚɥɸɱɚ ɿ ɧɹɡɜɵɤɥɚ ɚɥɟ ɡɚɬɵɦ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɥɹɝɱɷɣ Ʉɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɭɫɺ ɬɨɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɚ ɛɨɹɡɧɚ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɞɡɿɤɚ ɿ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɿɤ ɫɭɜɹɡɿ ɫɬɪɚɥɤɨɜɚɝɚ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɛɟɡ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɠɧɵ ɫɶɥɹɩɟɰ ɿ ɹɝɨ ɞɚɝɥɹɞɚɟ ɜɹɫɤɨɜɚɹ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚ ɿ ɥɟɱɵɰɶ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿ ɨɛɟɪ-ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ± ɬɨɟ ɧɹ ʆɤɥɚɞɜɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɡɜɵɤɥɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɹɝɨɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɜɚɝ ɭ ɬɨɟ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɬɪɭɞɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɜɟɪɵɰɶ Ⱥɥɟ ɱɨɪɬ ɡ ɺɣ ɫɚ ɫɯɟɦɚɣ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɍɫɺ ɠ ɺɧ ɛɵʆ ɠɵɜɵ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɩɚɩɪɚʆɥɹʆɫɹ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɝɚɥɨʆ ɧɚɟ ɒɬɨ ɹɲɱɷ ɦɨɠɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɵɦ ɧɚ ɜɚɣɧɟ" Ɍ ɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɚɩɵɧɭʆɫɹ ʆ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɲɱɵ ɧɟɱɭɜɚɧɵɦ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɧɵɦ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɜɵɡɜɚɥɹɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɚɞ ɦɧɨɝɿɯ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɵɯ ɚɛɚɜɹɡɤɚʆ ɿ ɞɚɜɚɥɚ ɧɟ ɣɤɿɹ ɧɨɜɵɹ ɿ ɧɹɡɜɵɤɥɵɹ ɦɚɝɱɵ ɦɚɫɶɰɿ ɇɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɺɧ ɚɞɚɝɧɚʆ ɚɞ ɫɹɛɟ ɪɨɡɧɵɹ ɫɬɪɚɯɿ ɿ ɫɭɦ ɧɟɧɶɧɿ ± ɺɧ ɩɪɵɦɭɫɿʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɧɟ ɛɚɹɰɰɚ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ Ȼɭɞɡɶ ɲɬɨ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɐɿ ɹɦɭ ʆɠɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɲɬɨ ɝɭɛɥɹɰɶ" ȱ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɹɝɨ ɧɟɩɚɤɨɿʆ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɹɤɿ ɬɚɤ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ʆɬɨɪɝɫɹ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ʆ ɹɝɨɧɵ ɥɺɫ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɪɚɛɿʆɫɹ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɧɵɦ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɧɚɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɛɵ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɩɪɵɫɬɪɷɥɿʆ ɹɝɨ ɤɚɥɿ ɛ ɯɨɰɶ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɛɚɱɵʆ ± ɧɟ ɬɚɦɭ ɲɬɨ ɛɚɹʆɫɹ ɹɝɨ ɚ ɬɚɤ ɞɥɹ ɩɷʆɧɚɫɶɰɿ Ɍ ɨɣ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɹɤ ɺɧ ɩɚɹɜɿʆɫɹ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɿ ɞɚʆ ɡɚɤɭɪɵɰɶ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɭɫɺ ɧɚɦɟɪɜɚʆɫɹ ɤɚɛ ɹɤ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɝɷɬɚ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɿ ɩɷʆɧɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɝɷɬɵ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɧɿɛɵ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɸɱɵ ɹɝɨɧɵ ɧɚɦɟɪ ɛɵ ɠɵɜɨɟ ɫɪɷɛɪɚ ɤɪɭɰɿʆɫɹ ɩɚ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɲɚɪɯɨɱɭɱɵ ɬɨ ʆ ɤɭɰɟ ɧɚɫɭɩɪɚɰɶ ɬɨ ɥɹ ɫɶɰɹɧɵ ʆ ɧɚɝɚɯ ɬɨ ɥɹ ɜɵɯɚɞɭ Ƚɷɬɚɤ ɧɹ ɬɪɚɩɿɲ ɚ ʆɠɨ ɺɧ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɧɟ ɩɪɚɦɚɯɧɟɰɰɚ ȱ ɏɥɟɛ ɧɿɤɚʆ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɲɬɨ ɚɞɤɥɚʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɧɚɦɟɪ ɚ ɡɚɬɵɦ ɹɤ ɬɨɣ ɭɡɹʆɫɹ ɥɹɱɵɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɜɨɱɵ ɿ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɤɿɧɭʆ ɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɩɪɚ ɬɨɟ ɑɨɪɬ ɡ ɿɦ ± ɯɚɣ ɠɵɜɟ Ɍ ɵɦ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɫɚɦ ɛɵʆ ɰɚɥɤɚɦ ɜɚ ʆɥɚɞɡɟ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɹɤɿ ɦɨɝ ɡɚɫɬɪɷɥɿɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɤɨɠɧɭɸ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɤɚɥɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɫɬɪɚɥɹʆ ɞɵɤ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɧɟ ɯ ɚɰɟʆ ɬɚɝɨ Ɇɨɠɚ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɛɵɥɿ ɹɤɿɹ ɫɜɚɟ ɧɚ ɬɨɟ ɧɚɦɟɪɵ Ɇɨɠɚ ɧɚɲɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɜɟɪɧɭɰɰɚ ɚɞɚɛ¶ɸɰɶ ɝ ɷɬɵ ɪɚɺɧ ɭ ɧɟɦɰɚʆ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɺɧ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɜɵɪɚɬɚɜɚɧɵ ȱɧɚɤɲ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɲɭɤɚɰɶ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝɭ ʆ ɦɹɫɰɨɜɵɯ Ɍ ɭɬ ɭɠɨ ʆɫɟ ɫɩɚɞɡɹɜɚɧɤɿ ɧɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɭ Ɍ ɪɨɯɿ ɞɡɿʆɧɚɜɚɬɚɹ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɭɧɚɞɡɿɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɤɥɨɩɚɬɵ ɩɪɚ ɫɶɥɹɩɨɝɚ ɡɚɬɵɦ ɩɪɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɞɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɪɵɜɚɥɚɤɥɚ ɿ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɪɚɣɤɚɦɚʆɰɚ ± ɹɤ ɹɧɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɫɚʆɥɚɞɚɟ ɡ ɿɦɿ ɬɪɵɦɚ" ɉɪɚɤɚɪɦɿɰɶ ɿ ɬɨ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɯɚ ɪɨɲɵ ɡɚɩɚɫ ɯɚɪɱɨʆ ɚ ʆ ɹɟ ɞɨɦɚ ɧɿ ɤɚɪɨɜɵ ɧɿ ɤɭɪɵɰɵ Ⱦɵ ɿ ɫɩɚɥɟɧɚɹ ɜɺɫɤɚ« Ⱥ ɬɭɬ ɹɲɱɷ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɿ ɑ ɨɪɬ ɛɵ ɿɯ ɭɡɹʆ ɬɵɯ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɚʆ əɤ ɛɵ ɧɟ ɚɞ ɿɯ ɿɲɥɚ ɧɚɣɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɩɚɝɪɨɡɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɟ Ɇɨɝɭɰɶ ɜɵɫɚɱɵɰɶ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɭ ɬɚɞɵ ʆɫɿɦ ɩɚɝɿɛɟɥɶ Ⱥ ɹɧɚ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɩɪɚɫɬɚɞɭɲɧɚɹ ɿ ɩɚɞɚɬ ɤɚɹ« ɇɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɰɿ ɬɨ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɨɱ ɰɿ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɡ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨ ɜɿɱɚɦ ɩɚɫɧɭɥɿ ± ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɱɭʆ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɿɯɧɹɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɶɧɟ ɩɨ ɛɚɱ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɭɫɺ ɯɪɵɩɟʆ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɤɚɲɥɹʆ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɦɚɪ ɦɵɬɚʆ ɧɟɲɬɚ ʆ ɫɶɧɟ ɚ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɱɭɣɧɚ ɫɤɿɪɚɜɚʆɲɵ ʆ ɫɥɵɯ ɫɜɚɸ ʆɜɚɝɭ ɫɥɭɯɚʆ ɿ ɞɭɦɚʆ Ȭɧ ɛɵʆ ɤɚɞɪɚɜɵ ɜɚɟɧɧɵ ɞɚʆ ɧɨ ɫɥɭɠɵʆ ɭ ɚɪɦɿɿ ɚɩɪɨɱ ɬɚɟ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɦɚɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɡ ɠɵɰɶɰɹ ± ɚɞɧɵɯ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɵɯ ɤɥɨɩɚɬɚʆ ɛɵɥɨ ɹɦɭ ɩɚɞ ɡɚɜɹɡɤɭ ɋɥɭɠɛɚ ɚɞɛɿɪɚɥɚ ʆɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɚɞ ɪɚɧɤɭ ɞɚ ɧɨɱɵ ɜɵɯɚɞɧɵɹ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɡɿɦɚ ɩɪɚɯɨɞɡɿɥɚ ɞɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɡɚ ɝɥɭɯɿɦ ɝɚɪ 60
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɧɿɡɨɧɧɵɦ ɩɥɨɬɚɦ ɥɟɬɚ ɡ ɪɚɧɶɧɹɣ ɜɹɫɧɵ ± ɭ ɥɚɝɟɪɚɯ ɫɹ ɪɨɞ ɫɨɩɚɤ ɿ ɞɡɿɤɚɣ ɩɪɵɪɨɞɵ Ⱦɚɥɺɤɚɝɚ ɍɫɯɨɞɭ ɀɚɧɱɵɧ ɺɧ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆ ɩɚɫɺɥɤɭ ɞɵ ɧɚ ɛɥɿɠɧɹɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɵɿ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɿ ɩɟɪɚɜɚɠɧɚ ɠɨɧɤɿ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɧɚɝɚ ɿ ɧɚɱɫɚɫɬɚɜɭ ɿɯ ɝɚɪɧɿ ɡɨɧɭ ɡ ɧɟɡɚɦɭɠɧɿɯ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɬɪɚɩɥɹɥɿɫɹ ɫɺɫɬɪɵ ʆ ɲɩɿɬɚɥɿ ɞɵ ɚɮɿɰɵɹɧɬɤɿ ʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɫɤɚɣ ɫɬɚɥɨɜɚɣ ± ɥɿɱɚɧɵɹ ɚɞɡɿɧɤɿ ɧɚ ɦɧɨɝ ɿɹ ɞɡɹɫɹɬɤɿ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚʆ ɠɚɧɚɬɵɯ ɿ ɯɚ ɥɚɫɬɵɯ ȼɵɛɚɪ ɛɵʆ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɤɿ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɹ ɠɚɧɿɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɲɚɣ ɲɬɨ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɡɚ ɿɧɲɵɯ ɬɪɚɩɥɹɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɠɵɰɶɰɿ ɿ ɺɧ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɚɠɚ ɧɿʆɫɹ ɡ ɚɮɿɰɵɹɧɬɤɚɣ Ɇɚɪɭɫɹɣ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɤ ɦɿɥɚ ʆɫɶɦɿɯɚɥɚ ɫɹ ɪɚɡɞɚɸɱɵ ɿɦ ɬɚɥɟɪɤɿ ɡ ɜɹɥɿɤɚɝɚ ɩɚɞɧɨɫɭ ɲɬɨ ɫɩɪɵɬɧɚ ɧɚɫɿɥɚ ɦɿɠ ɪɚɞɚɦɿ ɫɬɚɥɨʆ ɏɚɪɱɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɹ ɧɚɞɬɚ ɤɚɛ ɫɵɬ ɧɚ ɦɚɥɚɞɵ ɚɩɟɬɵɬ ɛɵʆ ɧɟɫɩɚɬɨɥɶɧɵ ɿ Ɇɚɪɭɫɹ ɹɝɨ ɫɩɚɤ ɜɚɥɹ ɩɚɞɤɨɪɦɥɿɜɚɥɚ ɬɵɦ ɲɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚ ɤɭɯɧɿ ɬɨ ɩɚɤɥɚɞɡɟ ɧɚ ɬɚɥɟɪɤɭ ɹɤɿ ɥɟɩɲɵ ɤɚɜɚɥɚɤ ɦɹɫɚ ɬɨ ɥɿɲɧɸɸ ɥɵɠɤɭ ɦɚɫɥɚ ʆ ɤɚɲɭ Ȭɧ ɛɵʆ ɭɞɡɹɱɧɵ ɡɚ ɬɚɤɭɸ ɧɹɡɜɵɤɥɭɸ ɞɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɠɚɧɨɱɭɸ ʆɜɚɝɭ ɹɤɨɣ ɦɚɥɚ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɭ ɞɡɹɰɿɧɫɬɜɟ ɚɞ ɫɬɪɨ ɝɚɣ ɿ ɫɭɯɚɜɚɬɚɣ ɦɚɱɵɯɿ Ɇɚɪɭɫɹ ɹɦɭ ɩɚɞɚɛɚɥɚɫɹ ɍɠɨ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɦɿɥɚɹ ɿ ɥɚɫɤɚɜɚɹ ɿ ɧɿɲɬɨ ɫɚɛɟ ɡ ɚɡɞɚɛɵ ɚɥɟ ɲɱɚɫɶɰɟ ɡ ɺɣ ɭ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬɚ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚɜɚ ɞɨʆɠɵɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɱɷɪɜɟɧɸ ɞɚ ɤɚɫɬɪɵɱɧɿɤɭ ɤɚɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɡ ɥɚɝɟɪɧɵɯ ɩɚɥɚɬɚɤ ɩɟɪɚɛɪɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɤɚɡɚɪɦɵ ɿ ɚɤɚɡɚɥɚɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɠɵɰɶ ɿɦ ɭ ɝɚɪɧɿɡɨɧɟ ɧɹɦɚ ɞɡɟ ± ɤɜɚɬɷɪɚʆ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɯ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɿ ɹɧɵ ɬɭɥɹɥɿɫɹ ɯɬɨ ɞɡɟ ± ɭ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɫɤɿɯ ɤɚɩɰɺɪɤɚɯ ɧɟʆɥɚɞɤɚ ɜɚɧɵɯ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɚɪɱɵɯ ɛɚɤɨʆɤɚɯ ȼɨ ɬɚɞɵ Ɇɚɪɭɫɹ ɿ ɡɶɦɹɧɿ ɥɚ ɫɜɨɣ ɦɿɥɵ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɚɪ ɧɚ ɩɥɚɤɫɿɜɚ ɡɶɜɹɝɥɿɜɵ ɹɟ ɤɚɯɚɧɶ ɧɟ ɚɛɹɪɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɩɚɬɨɤɚɦ ɩɪɷɬɷɧɡɿɹʆ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɹɤɿ ɬɚɤ ɹɟ ɚɲɭ ɤɚʆ əɧɚ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɪɚɛɿɥɚ ʆ ɫɬɚɥɨʆɰɵ ɚ ʆɜɟɫɶ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɚ ʆ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɤɭɬɤɭ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɞɚɲɲɵ ɤɚɡɚɪɦɵ ɿ ɧɭɞɥɿɜɚ ɱɚɤɚɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɤɚɛ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɠɚ ɹɤ ɺɧ ɩɪɵɣɞɡɟ ɧɚɫɬɵɥɵ ʆ ɩɨɥɿ ɝɚɥɨɞ ɧɵ ɿ ɡɶɧɟɪɜɚɜɚɧɵ ɭɡɹɰɰɚ ɹɝɨ ɩɿɥɚɜɚɰɶ ɡɚ ɿɯɧɸɸ ɧɟʆɥɚɞ ɤɚɜɚɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɡɚ ɹɝɨɧɭɸ ɧɟɜɹɡɭɯɭ ɡ ɠɵɥɶɥɺɦ ɡɚ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɝɷɬɚɤɿ ɧɹʆɞɚɱɧɿɤ ɚɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚɟ ɲɷɫɶɰɶɫɨɬ ɪɭɛɥɺʆ ɭ ɦɟ ɫɹɰ ɿ ɩɹɬɵ ɝɨɞ ɯɨɞɡɿɰɶ ɭ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬɚɯ ɭ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫ ɹɤ ɹɝɨ ɧɵɹ ɫɹɛɪɵ ɩɚɫɬɚɥɿ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚɦɿ Ⱦɨʆɝɚ ɺɧ ɫɩɪɚɛɚɜɚʆ ɭɫɺ ɬɨɟ ɩɟɪɚɬɜɚɪɵɰɶ ɭ ɠɚɪɬɵ ɚɛɹɰɚʆ ɞɚɫɥɭɠɵɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɝɟɧɟɪɚ ɥɚ ɬɵɦ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɲɬɨ ɱɚɫɭ ɞɚ ɬɚɝɨ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɯɚɩɚɥɚ ɪɚɫɤɚɡɜɚʆ ɩɪɚ ɬɪɭɞɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɡ ɠɵɥɶɥɺɦ ɿ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɹɧɵ ɚɞɧɵ ɚɩɵɧɭ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɬɚɤɿɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɇɚɜɚɬ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɹ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɵ ɿ ɬɵɹ ɧɹɪɷɞɤɚ ɞɡɹɥɿɥɿ ɚɞɧɭ ɤɜɚɬɷɪɭ ɧɚ ɞɡɶɜɟ ɫɹɦ¶ɿ ɚ ɝɪɨɲɵ ɞɵɤ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɤɚɥɿ ʆɫɺ ɡɚɥɟɠɵɰɶ ɚɞ ɬɚɝɨ ɹɤ ɞɚ ɿɯ ɫɬɚɜɿɰɰɚ Ɍ ɵɹ ɠ ɹɝɨɧɵɹ ɲɷɫɶɰɶɫɨɬ ɪɭɛɥɺʆ ɭɡɜɨɞɧɚɝɚ ɦɨɝɭɰɶ ɛɵɰɶ ɦɚɥɵɦɿ ɝɪɚɲɦɿ ɞɥɹ ɛɭɪɠɭɹ ɿ ɧɚɞɬɚ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɦɿ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɵɛɿɪɚɥɶɲɱɵɰɵ Ⱥɥɟ ɞɡɟ ɬɚɦ Ɇɚɪɭɫɿɧɚ ɤɪɵʆɞɥɿ ɜɚɹ ɧɟɡɚɞɚɜɨɥɟɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɫɩɚɤɜɚɥɹ ɩɟɪɚɬɜɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɜɚ ʆɫɬɨɣ ɥɿɜɭɸ ɜɚɪɚɠɧɟɱɭ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɠɨɧɤɚ ɹɝɨ ɡɶɧɟɧɚɜɿɞɡɟɥɚ əɤ ɧɚɬɭɪɚ ɞɭɠɚ ɡɚɣɡɞɪɨɫɧɚɹ ɹɧɚ ɛɚɱɵɥɚ ʆɫɿɯ ɿɧɲɵɯ ɦɭɠɨʆ ɹɟ ɫɭɫɟɞɚɤ ɥɟɩɲɵɦɿ ɡɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɯɨɰɶ ɺɧ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɧɟ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɣ ɝɪɭɛɚɝɚ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɫɬɚɪɚʆɫɹ ɩɚɡɶɛɹɝɚɰɶ ɡɶɜɹɝɿ ɿ ɫɩɪɷɱɚɤ Ȭɧ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ Ⱥɥɟ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɬɨɟ ɹɝɨ ɦɚʆɱɚɧɶɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɚɛɪɚɡɶɥɿɜɵɦ ɿ ɧɟɫɬɪɵɜɚɧɵɦ ɭ ɚɞɧɨɫɿɧɚɯ ɞɚ ɹɟ ɿ ɧɟɹɤ ɩɟɪɚɛɿʆɲɵɫɹ ɡɿɦɭ ʆ ɬɚɺɠɧɵɦ ɝɚɪɧɿɡɨɧɟ ɹɧɚ ɜɹɫɧɨɣ ɡɶɟɯɚɥɚ ɞɚ ɪɨɞɡɿɱɚʆ ɭ Ȼɚɪɧɚɭɥ Ⱦɜɚ ɝɚɞɵ ɺɧ ɛɵʆ ɧɿ ɯɚɥɚ ɫɬɵ ɧɿ ɠɚɧɚɬɵ ɠɵʆ ɭ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɫɤɚɣ ɝɚɫɶɰɿɧɿɰɵ ɡ ɯɚ ɥɚɫɶɰɹɤɚɦɿ ɩɚɫɵɥɚʆ ɺɣ ɩɚ ɩɨɲɰɟ ɩɹɰɶɫɨɬ ɪɭɛɥɺʆ ɭ ɦɟ ɫɹɰ ɚɥɟ ɩɿɫɶɦɚʆ ɧɟ ɩɿɫɚʆ ȱ ɹɧɚ ɹɦɭ ɧɟ ɩɿɫɚɥɚ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɚɠ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɚɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɬɨɟ ɞɡɟ ɹɧɚ ɩɪɚɫɿɥɚ ɜɵɫɥɚɰɶ ɪɚɡ ɜɨɞ Ɂɝɨɞɭ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɨɞ ɺɧ ɩɚɫɥɚʆ ɭ ɬɨɣ ɫɚɦɵ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɿ ɪɚɲɵʆ ɲɬɨ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɭ ɠɵɰɶɰɿ ɧɟ ɧɚɛɥɿɡɿɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɧɿɜɨɞɧɚɣ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɵ Ⱥ ɝɷɬɚ ɜɨɫɶ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ɹɤɭɸ ɺɧ ɧɿ ɪɚɡɭ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɿ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɛɚɱɵɰɶ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɱɭɠɚɹ ɿ ɧɟɡɧɚɺɦɚɹ ɞɚɝɥɹɞɚɟ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɤɨɪɦɿɰɶ ɪɚɬɭɟ ɚɞ ɩɚɝɿɛɟɥɿ ± ɩɚ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɞɨɛɪɚɣ ɜɨɥɿ ɛɟɡ ɭɫɹɤɚɝɚ ɪɚɡɶɥɿɤɭ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɛɹɡ ɠɚɞɧɚɣ ɧɚɞɡɟɿ ɍɱɨɪɚ ɹɤ ɩɪɵɧɟɫɥɚ ɛɭɥɶɛɚɱɤɭ ɿ ɺɧ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɧɹʆɦɟɥɚ ɟɫɶɰɿ ɬɚɤ ɫɚɪ ɞɷɱɧɚ ɡɚɛɟɞɚɜɚɥɚ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɚɠɧɨ ɡɚɩɥɚɤɚɥɚ ɒɬɨ ɡɚ ɠɚɧ ɱɵɧɚ ɹɧɚ ɿ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɯɨɰɶ ɛɵ ʆɡɪɨɫɬɭ" Ƚɨɥɚɫ ɦɹɤɤɿ ɞɭɠɚ ɞɚɥɿɤɚɬɧɵ ɿ ɦɿɥɚɝɭɱɧɵ ɠɚɧɨɱɵ ɝɨɥɚɫ ɚɥɟ ɹɤɚɹ ɹɧɚ ɡ ɬɜɚ ɪɭ ɚɛ ɬɵɦ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɡɞɚɝɚɞɜɚɰɰɚ ɏɨɰɶ ɛɵ ɫɩɵɬɚɰɶ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɺɣ ɝɨɞ" Ʉɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɵ ɹɦɭ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɛɟɡ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɵ ɲɬɨ ɹɦɭ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ" Ⱥɥɟ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɬɚɤɿ« Ȭɧ ɱɚɤɚʆ ɩɚɱɭɰɶ ɹɟ ɝɨɥɚɫ ± ɜɟɞɚʆ ɬɚɞɵ ɩɚɱɵɧɚɟɰɰɚ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɹɧɚ ɩɪɵɧɨɫɿɰɶ ɯɚɪɱ ɩɚɞɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚɟ ʆ ɿɦ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɿ ɬɨɧɟɧɶ ɤɚɣ ɧɿɬɚɱɤɚɣ ɡɶɜɹɡɜɚɟ ɹɝɨ ɫɚ ɫɶɜɟɬɚɦ ɿ ɛɟɡɶɥɿɱɱɭ ɩɚɞɡɟɣ ɡ ɹɤɿɯ ɜɵɩɚʆ ɺɧ ɍɫɟ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɞɧɿ ɺɧ ɞɭɠɚ ɩɚɤɭɬɜɚʆ ɛɹɡ ɤɭɪɵɜɚ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɩɪɵɧɺɫ ɞɡɹɫɹɬɚɤ ɫɥɚɛɵɯ ɛɵ ɬɪɚɜɚ ɰɵɝɚ 62
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɪɷɬ ɹɤɿɹ ɺɧ ɫɤɭɪɵʆ ɡɚ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɚʆ ɿ ɩɪɚɝɧɭʆ ɤɭ ɪɵɰɶ ɹɲɱɷ Ɇɨɠɚ ɿ ɬɭɬ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ɹɦɭ ɩɚɦɨɠɚ" ɇɹ ɦɨɠɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɭ ɜɹɫɤɨɜɵɯ ɦɭɠɵɤɨʆ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɣɲɥɨɫɹ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɫɚ ɦɚɫɚɞɭ" ɏɿɛɚ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɡɪɭɣɧɚɜɚɧɚɣ ɜɺɫɰɵ ɧɹ ɡɧɨɣɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɿ ɦɭɠɵɤɨʆ« ɉɪɚɤɥɹɬɚɹ ɜɚɣɧɚ ɹɤ ɭɫɺ ɧɹʆɥɚɞ ɚɛɹɪɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɺɣ ɇɚɜɚɬ ɞɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɤɚɞɪɚɜɚɝɚ ɜɚɣɫɤɨʆɰɚ ɞɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɜɚɣɧɚ ± ɩɪɚ ɮɟɫɿɹ ɿ ɺɧ ɡɚ ɝɚɞɵ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ʆɩɚɪɬɚ ɿ ɫɬɚɪɚɧɧɚ ɫɩɚɫɶ ɰɿɝɚʆ ɹɟ ɬɚɹɦɧɿɰɵ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɧɭɸ ɬɷɯɧɚɥɨɝɿɸ ɛɚɪɚɰɶɛɵ ɡ ɜɨ ɪɚɝɚɦ ȱ ɦɨɠɚ ɧɚ ɜɚɣɧɟ ɺɧ ɭɩɟɪɲɵɧɸ ɡɚɞɚʆ ɫɚɛɟ ɫɚɤɪɚ ɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɚɟ ɩɵɬɚɧɶɧɟ ɰɿ ɩɚɞɪɵɯɬɚɜɚɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɯɨɰɶ ɛɵ ʆ ɝɚ ɥɨʆɧɵɦ ɞɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚɤ ɫɩɚɬɪɷɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɮɪɨɧɰɟ" ɍɫɸ ɫɜɚɸ ɫɥɭɠɛɭ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɚɦɹɬɚʆ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɩɹɯɨɬɭ ɜɭɱɵɥɿ ɚɛɚɪɨɧɟ ɿ ɧɚɣɛɨɥɶɲ ± ɧɚɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɶɧɸ ɡɿɦɨɣ ɿ ʆɥɟɬɤɭ ɦɚ ɥɵɦɿ ɩɚɞɪɚɡɶɞɡɹɥɟɧɶɧɹɦɿ ɿ ɛɭɣɧɵɦɿ ɡɥɭɱɷɧɶɧɹɦɿ ɧɚ ɬɚɤ ɬɵɱɧɵɯ ɿ ɲɬɚɛɧɵɯ ɜɭɱɷɧɶɧɹɯ ɚɞɩɪɚɰɨʆɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɞɡɹɫɹɬɤɿ ɜɚɪɵɹɧɬɚʆ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɧɵɯ ɬɷɦ ɇɿɯɬɨ ɡ ɜɚɣɫɤɨʆɰɚʆ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɩɪɚ ɬɚɤɿɹ ɩɪɚɛɥɟɦɵ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɶɧɹ ± ɬɚɤɨɝɚ ɜɿɞɭ ɛɚɹɜɨɣ ɞɡɟɣɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɧɟ ɩɪɚɞɭɝɥɟɞɠɜɚɥɿ ɫɬɚɬɭ ɬɵ ɑɵɪɜɨɧɚɣ ɚɪɦɿɿ ɹɤɚɹ ɧɟ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɚɰɶ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɿ ɩɥɚɧɚɜɚɥɚ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɰɶ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɦɚɥɨɣ ɤɪɵɜɺɣ ɿ ɦɚɝɭɬɧɵɦ ɭɞɚɪɚɦ ɇɚɣɛɨɥɶɲ ɜɟɪɚɝɨɞɧɵɦ ɜɨɪɚɝɚɦ ɦɟɪɤɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɿɦɩɟ ɪɵɹɥɿɫɬɵɱɧɚɹ əɩɨɧɿɹ ɬɚɦ ɥɹ ɹɟ ɧɚ Ⱦɚɥɺɤɿɦ ɍɫɯɨɞɡɟ ɚɞɛɵɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɵɹ ɫɬɵɱɤɿ ɿ ɩɪɚɜɚɤɚɰɵɿ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɿɰɚɯ ɡ ɺɸ ɭ Ɇɚɧɶɱɠɭɪɵɿ ɿ Ɇɚɧɝɨɥɿɿ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɫɚɦɵɹ ɛɚɹɡɞɨɥɶɧɵɹ ɞɚ ɥɺɤɚʆɫɯɨɞɧɿɹ ɞɵɜɿɡɿɿ ɑɵɪɜɨɧɚɣ ɚɪɦɿɿ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɵ ʆɫɿɯ ɪɚɧɝɚʆ ɿ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɹʆ ɧɹɫɬɨɦɧɚ ɜɵɜɭɱɚɥɿ ɚɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɵɸ ɿ ɬɚɤ ɬɵɤɭ ɹɩɨɧɫɤɚɣ ɿɦɩɟɪɚɬɚɪɫɤɚɣ ɚɪɦɿɿ ɇɟɦɰɵ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɜɚɣ ɧɨɸ ɛɵɥɿ ɫɹɛɪɚɦɿ ɿɯɧɿɹ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɵ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɜɚɣɧɨɸ ɜɭɱɵ ɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɧɚɲɵɯ ɚɤɚɞɷɦɿɹɯ ɞɵɩɥɚɦɚɬɵ ɿ ɜɚɣɫɤɨʆɰɵ ɪɷɝɭ ɥɹɪɧɚ ɩɪɵɫɭɬɧɿɱɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɧɚɲɵɯ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɯ ɦɚɧɟʆɪɚɯ ȻȼȺ ɿ ɄȼȺ ɇɚ ɡɚɯɚɞɡɟ ɛɵʆ ɩɚɤɬ ɦɿɪ ɿ ɩɨʆɧɵ ɚɠɭɪ Ⱥ ɧɚ ɫɩɪɚɜɟ ɚɬɪɵɦɚɥɚɫɹ ʆɫɺ ɧɚɚɞɜɚɪɨɬ əɩɨɧɰɵ ɦɿɪɧɚ ɫɬɚɹɰɶ ɞɡɟ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɠ ɩɚɞ ɩɪɵɤɪɵɰɶɰɺɦ ɩɚɤɬɭ ʆɜɚɪ ɜɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɤɪɚɿɧɭ ɿ ɚɞɰɹɩɚɥɿ ʆɜɟɫɶ ɹɟ ɡɚɯɚɞ ȱ ɧɹɦɚ ɿɦ ɫɭ ɩɵɧɤɭ ɩɪɭɰɶ ɧɚ Ɇɚɫɤɜɭ ȱ ɯɬɨ ɜɿɧɚɜɚɬɵ ʆ ɝɷɬɵɦ" ȱɯɧɿ ɩɨɥɤ ɿ ɞɵɜɿɡɿɹ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɚɥɿ ɚɞ Ȼɚɪɚɧɚɜɿɱɚʆ ɞɜɨɣɱɵ ɜɵɯɨɞɡɿɥɿ ɡ ɚɤɪɭɠɷɧɶɧɹ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɥɿ ɬɚɧɤɚɜɵ ɪɚɡɝɪɨɦ ɧɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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63
Ȼɟɪɚɡɿɧɟ ɫɬɪɚɰɿɥɿ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɩɚɥɨɜɭ ɚɫɚɛɿɫɬɚɝɚ ɫɤɥɚɞɭ ɇɟɫɶɰɿɯɚɧɵɦ ɛɨɥɟɦ ɧɵɥɚ ɞɭɲɚ ɩɚ ɡɚɛɿɬɵɯ ɫɹɛɪɚɯ ɩɚ ɤɭɬɜɚɥɚ ɚɞ ɛɹɫɤɨɧɰɵɯ ɧɹʆɞɚɱ ɿ ɩɚɪɚɠɷɧɶɧɹʆ ɚ ɪɨɡɭɦ ɧɨɱɱɭ ɭ ɰɿɯɿɹ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɵ ɫɩɚɤɨɸ ʆɫɺ ɩɟɪɚɛɿɪɚʆ ɜɚɪɚɲɵʆ ɬɵɫɹɱɵ ɪɨɡɧɵɯ ɩɪɵɱɵɧɚʆ ɿ ɮɚɤɬɚʆ ɤɚɛ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɭ ɱɵɦ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɯɬɨ ɜɿɧɚɜɚɬɵ" ɇɟɹɤ ɹɧɵ ɧɚɱɚɜɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɯ ɭɬɚɪɵ ɩɚɞ Ɇɟɧɫɤɚɦ Ȼɵɥɚ ɰɺɦ ɧɚɹ ɧɨɱ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɨɠɞɠ ɞɪɭɠɧɚ ɧɚɫɹɞɚɥɿ ɤɚɦɚɪɵ ɿ ɤɚɛ ɭɪɚɬɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɚɞ ɿɯ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɫɩɚɰɶ ɧɚ ɯɭ ɬɚɪ ɭ ɯɚɬɭ Ɍ ɚɦ ɭɠɨ ɛɵɥɿ ɩɚɥɤɚɜɵ ɧɚɱɚɪɬ Ȼɭɪɲ ɧɚɱɯɿɦ ȿɦɹɥɶɹɧɟɧɤɚ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɡ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɇɟ ɡɚɩɚɥɶɜɚɸɱɵ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɚ ɹɧɵ ɩɚɥɟɝɥɿ ɧɚ ɥɚʆɤɚɯ ɚɥɟ ɧɹ ɫɩɚɥɿ ɝɚɦɚɧɿɥɿ ɩɪɚ ɬɨɟ ɿ ɝɷɬɚ ɚ ɧɚɣɛɨɥɶɲ ± ɩɪɚ ɧɚɲɵ ɧɹʆɞɚɱɵ ȱ ɬɚɞɵ Ȼ ɭɪɲ ɫɤɚ ɡɚʆ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɫɿɬɭɚɰɵɿ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɪɚɰɿʆɧɿɤ ɧɚɜɹɡɜɚɟ ɧɚɦ ɫɜɚɸ ɬɚɤɬɵɤɭ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɬɚɤɬɵɤɭ ɩɟɪɚɧɹɰɶ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɩɚɡɵɱɵɰɶ ɭ ɧɟɦɰɚʆ Ɍ ɨɟ Ȼɭɪɲ ɭ ɧɚɣ ɛɨɥɶɲɚɣ ɦɟɪɵ ɚɞɧɨɫɿʆ ɞɚ ɞɡɟɹɧɶɧɹ ɬɚɧɤɚɜɵɯ ɡɥɭɱɷɧɶ ɧɹʆ ɚ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɚɣ ɩɹɯɨɬɵ ɿɯɧɿɯ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɱɵɤɚʆ ɹɤɿɹ ɞɡɟɣɧɿɱɚɥɿ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɿɧɚɤɲ ɱɵɦ ɝɷɬɚ ɜɵɡɧɚɱɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɧɚɲɵɯ ɫɬɚɬɭɬɚɯ ɇɹ ʆ ɩɪɵɤɥɚɞ ɧɚɲɵɦ ɛɚɹɜɵɦ ɩɚɪɚɞɤɚɦ ɧɟɦ ɰɵ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɚɥɿ ʆ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɥɚɧɰɭɝ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɵ ʆ ɿɯ ɛɵɥɿ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɚɞɤɭɥɶ ɤɿɪɚɜɚɥɿ ɛɨɟɦ ɧɿɯɬɨ ʆ ɿɯ ɧɹ ɛɟɝ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɥɚɧɰɭɝɨɦ ɡ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚɦ ɭ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɿ ɡ ɤɪɵɤɚɦ ³ɍɪɚ ´ ɇɿɯɬɨ ɬɚɞɵ Ȼ ɭɪɲɭ ɧɟ ɡɚɩɹɪɷɱɵʆ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɬɚɦɭ ɲɬɨ ʆɠɨ ɡɚɫɵɧɚʆ ɞɵ ɿ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɧɚɱɚɪɬ ɤɚɠɚ ɩɪɚʆɞɭ ɲɬɨ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɧɚɫɭɩɟɪɚɤ" ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɚɰɶ ɿɦ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɞɚ ɜɨɞɡɿɥɚɫɹ ɹɧɵ ʆɫɸ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɚɥɿ ɚɥɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɬɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɠɨ ɧɹɦɚɥɚ ɿ ɤɨɠɧɵ ɪɚɡ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɵ ɿ ɤɚɦɿɫɚɪɵ ɩɚɜɿɧɧɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɡɚ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɭ ɲɬɵɯɚɜɭɸ ɩɚɞɚɯɜɨɱɜɚɸ ɱɵ ɿɯ ɤɪɵɤɚɦɿ ³ ɍɪɚ ´ ɿ ³Ɂɚ ɋɬɚɥɿɧɚ ɡɚ Ɋɚɞɡɿɦɭ ´ ɇɹ ɞɡɿɜɚ ɲɬɨ ɫɹɪɷɞɧɿɯ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚʆ ɭ ɿɯ ɧɟ ɯɚɩɚɥɚ ɭ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɚɯ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɭɫɿɯ ɩɚɜɵɛɿɜɚɥɚ ɪɨɬɚɦɿ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɚɜɚɥɿ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɵ ɿ ɫɹɪɠɚɧɬɵ ɚ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɚɦɿ ɱɚɫɶɰɹɤɨɦ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɿɹ ʆɡɜɨɞɧɵɹ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬɵ ɀɚɯɥɿɜɚ ɧɟ ɯɚɩɚɥɚ ɛɨɟɩɪɵɩɚɫɚʆ ɿ ɫɪɨɞɤɚʆ ɫɭɜɹɡɿ ɹɤɿɹ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɛɵɥɿ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɧɹ ɥɟɩɲɵɹ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɤɚɥɿ ɜɵɩɚɞɚɥɚ ɫɬɚɪɚʆɫɹ ɪɚɡɠɵɰɰɚ ɬɪɚɮɟɣɧɵɦɿ ± ɜɵɞɚɬ ɧɵɦɿ ɬɷɥɟɮɨɧɧɵɦɿ ɚɩɚɪɚɬɚɦɿ ʆ ɷɛɚɧɿɬɚɜɵɯ ɮɭɬɚɪɚɥɚɯ ɚ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɦ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɵɦ ɤɚɛɟɥɟɦ ɹɤɿ ɛɵʆ ɤɭɞɵ ɥɟɩ 64
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɲɵɦ ɡɚ ɧɚɲ ɷɡɟɤɟɪɵɬɚɜɵ Ɇɚɛɵɰɶ ɩɪɚʆɞɭ ɬɚɞɵ ɤɚɡɚʆ Ȼɭɪɲ ɚɥɟ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɹɤ ɹɧɵ ɛɵɥɿ ʆɠɨ ɧɚ ɦɚɪɲɵ ɩɚ ɤɚɥɨɧɟ ɩɚɤɚɰɿɥɚɫɹ ɱɭɬɤɚ ɲɬɨ Ȼɭɪɲɚ ɚɪɵɲɬɚɜɚɥɿ ɚɫɨ ɛɚɞɞɡɟɥɶɰɵ ɡɚ ɩɪɚɧɹɦɟɰɤɭɸ ɚɝɿɬɚɰɵɸ ɇɚ ɩɪɵɜɚɥɟ ɩɚɞ ɜɟɱɚɪ ɞɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɚɣ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɚɫɨɛɚɝɚ ɚɞɞɡɟɥɭ ɩɚɤɥɿɤɚɥɿ ɿ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚɜɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɬɚɦ ɩɿɫɚʆ ɬɥɭɦɚɱɷɧɶɧɟ ɩɪɚ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɬɨɣ ɜɟɱɚɪ ɝɚɜɚɪɵʆ ɧɚ ɯɭɬɚɪɵ Ȼɭɪɲ ɿ ɱɚɦɭ ɺɧ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɏɥɟɛ ɧɿɤɚʆ ɧɹ ɞɚʆ ɹɦɭ ɜɨɞɩɚɜɟɞɡɶ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɩɿɫɚʆ ɥɚɹʆɫɹ ʆ ɞɭɲɵ ɿ ɩɪɚɤɥɿɧɚʆ ɭɫɺ ɧɚ ɫɶɜɟɰɟ ± ɰɿ ɺɧ ɫɚɦ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɿɧɚɤɲ ɱɵɦ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɿɤ ɚɪɬɵɥɟɪɵɿ" Ⱥɥɟ ɜɨ ɧɚɫɭ ɩɟɪɚɤ ɫɜɚɣɦɭ ɠɚɞɚɧɶɧɸ ɦɭɫɿʆ ɤɚɩɚɰɶ ɧɚ ɫɭɦɥɟɧɧɚɝɚ ɿ ɪɚɡɭɦɧɚɝɚ ɤɚ ɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɹɤɨɦɭ ɬɚɹ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɚ ɦɹɪɤɭɸɱɵ ɩɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɤɚɲɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɠɵɰɶɰɹ Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɜɨ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɧɚɩɿɲɭɰɶ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɝɚ" ɏɨɰɶ ɛɵ ɡɚ ɝɷɬɵ ɯɚʆɪɭɫ ɡ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɦ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪɚɦ" Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɟ ɩɚɡɞɚɪɨɜɿɰɰɚ ɧɟ ɡɜɚɠɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ©ɇɭ ɿ ɱɨɪɬ ɡ ɿɦ ª ± ɥɚɹʆɫɹ ʆ ɞɭɦɤɚɯ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɍɠɨ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɹɦɭ ɧɹ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɤɚ ɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɟ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɺɧ ± ɫɶɥɹɩɟɰ ɤɚɥɟɤɚ ɠɚɛɪɚɤ Ⱥ ɠɚɛɪɚɤɭ ɤɚɥɟɤɭ ɦɨɠɧɚ ʆɫɺ ɍɫɺ ɲɬɨ ɞɚɩɭɫɤɚɟ ɹɝɨ ɫɭɦɥɟɧɶɧɟ ɉɥɹɜɚɰɶ ɹɦɭ ɧɚ ɿɧɲɵɯ ɿ ɿɯɧɿɹ ɜɿɞɭɲɱɵɹ ɤɥɨɩɚɬɵ əɧɵ ± ɧɹ ɺɧ Ȼɨ ɹɧɵ ɜɿɞɭɲɱɵɹ əɦɭ ɛ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɜɨɫɶ ɡɚɤɭɪɵɰɶ« Ⱥɥɟ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɫɩɚɥɿ ɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɯɨɞɡɿ ɥɚ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɨɱ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɿʆ Ⱥɥɟ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɿɰɶ ɒɬɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɺɧ ɩɪɵɧɹɫɟ ɿɦ ɭ ɝɷɬɵ ɛɥɿɧ ɞɚɠ" Ⱥɞ ɞɨʆɝɚɝɚ ɥɹɠɚɧɶɧɹ ɧɚ ɦɭɥɤɿɯ ɡɟɦɥɹɧɵɯ ɤɚɦɹɤɚɯ ɞɚʆ ɧɨ ʆɠɨ ɧɵɥɿ ɹɝɨɧɵɹ ɫɶɰɺɝɧɵ ɺɧ ɤɪɭɰɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɲɵɧɹɥɿ ɫɩɪɚ ɛɭɸɱɵ ɥɟɝɱɵ ɿ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɝɷɬɚɤ ɚɥɟ ʆɫɺ ɛɵɥɨ ɦɭɥɤɚ ɿ ɧɹɡɪɭɱɧɚ ɋɨɧ ɩɪɵɯɨɞɡɿʆ ɭɪɵʆɤɚɦɿ ɹɤ ɞɚ ɩɬɭɲɤɿ ɧɚ ɞɪɷɜɟ ɏɥɟɛɧɿ ɤɚʆ ɬɨ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɞɪɚɦɚʆ ɬɨ ɡɧɨʆ ɜɹɪɬɚʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɛɹɡɪɚɞɚɫɧɚɣ ɫɜɚɟ ɪɷɱɚɿɫɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɍɫɺ ɠ ɬɭɬ ɭ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɺɧ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɦ ɧɚɞ ɞɜɭɦɚ ɿɧɲɵɦɿ ɯɨɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɿ ɧɟ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɚʆ ɿɦ ɚɥɟ ɩɚ ɞɚʆɧɹɣ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɚɣ ɡɚɜɹɞɡɺɧɰɵ ɺɧ ɪɚɲɚʆ ɡɚ ʆɫɿɯ ɿ ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɛ ɤɚɥɿ ɛ ɯɬɨ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɫɥɭɯɚʆɫɹ ɒɤɚ ɞɚ ɲɬɨ ɚɛɨɞɜɚ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɞɧɚɱɚɥɟɧɵɹ ɛɵɥɿ ɡ ɹʆɧɵɦ ɛɪɚɤɚɦ ɚɞɡɿɧ ± ɧɟɦɟɰ ɹɤɿ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɤɟɩɫɤɚ ɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɩɚ ɪɭɫɤɭ ɚ ɞɪɭɝɿ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɯɜɨɪɵ ± ɤɚɝɨ ɩɚɲɥɟɲ ɤɚɥɿ ɲɬɨ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɧɚ" ɋɚɦ ɬɚɤ ɫɚɦɚ ɧɟ ɯɚɞɨɤ Ɂɚɫɬɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɚɞɧɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ Ɂɧɨʆ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ əɤ ɧɟ ɦɹɪɤɭɣ ɭɜɟɫɶ ɫɶɜɟɬ ɞɥɹ ɿɯ ɦɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɫɵɯɨɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɝ ɷɬɚɣ ɜɹɫɤɨɜɚɣ ɰɺɬɰɵ >ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ @ əɤ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɫɚ ɫɬɨɟɧɵɦ ɫɬɪɚɯɚɦ ɩɪɵɛɟɝɥɚ ʆ ɜɺɫɤɭ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɹʆ ɭɠɨ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ± ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɤɭɞɵ ɡɦɵɥɿɫɹ ɰɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɲɭɤɚɥɿ ɹɟ ɞɡɟ ʆ ɿɧɲɵɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ Ⱥɥɟ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɹɧɚ ɿɯ ɧɟ ɛɚɹɥɚɫɹ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɹɧɚ ɡɛɨɥɶɲɚɝɚ ʆɥɚɞɤɚɜɚɥɚ ɚ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɩɪɵɯɨɞɡɿʆ ɞɚ ɹɟ ɞɵɤ ɲɬɨ ɠ ɡɚɣɲɨʆ ɿ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ Ⱥɞɤɭɥɶ ɹɧɚ ɜɟɞɚɟ ɤɭɞɵ" ɍ ɹɝɨ ɫɜɚɟ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ɚ ʆ ɹɟ ɫɜɚɟ Ʉɥɨɩɚɬɭ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɭ ɹɟ ɩɪɵɛɚɜɿɥɚɫɹ ± ɹɤ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɪɚ ɧɟɣ Ⱦɚɝɷɬɭɥɶ ɹɧɚ ɩɪɵɡɜɵɱɚɿɥɚɫɹ ɠɵɰɶ ɡ ɦɚɥɵɦɿ ɩɚɬɪɷ ɛɚɦɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɟɡ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɚʆ ± ɛɵʆ ɤɚɜɚɥɚɤ ɯɥɟɛɚ ɿ ɛɭɥɶ ɛɿɧɚ ± ɿ ɞɨɛɪɚ Ⱥ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ± ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɹ ɩɥɚɤɚɥɚ ɧɟɹɤ ɚɛɵɯɨɞɡɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɟ ɩɚɦɟɪɥɚ ɜɨɫɶ ɞɚɠɵɥɚ ɞɚ ɫɚɪɚɤɚ ɝɚɞɨʆ ɿ ɞɡɹɤɚɜɚɰɶ ɛɨɝɭ ɹɲɱɷ ɡɞɚɪɨɜɚɹ Ⱥ ɲɬɨ ɚɞɧɚ ± ɤɥɨɩɚɬ ɧɟ ɜɹɥɿɤɿ Ƚɷɬɚ ɧɹ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɿɧɲɵɯ ± ɫɟɦ¶ɿ ɞɡɟɰɿ ɤɨɠɧɵ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɧɚɝɚɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɿɦ ɟɠɵ ɧɚɤɚɪɦɿɰɶ ɚɩɪɚɧɭɰɶ ɍ ɹɟ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ʆ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɚɪɰɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɞɜɚɰɰɚɰɶ ɫɨɬɚɤ ɚɝɚɪɨɞɭ ɞɡɟ ɹɧɚ ɜɹɫɧɨɣ ɩɚɞ ɪ ɵɞɥɺʆɤɭ ɫɬɚɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɚɫɚɞɡɿɰɶ ɛɭɥɶɛɭ ɧɭ ɹɲɱɷ ɬɪɨɯɭ ɝɭɪɤɨʆ ɰɵɛɭɥɿ ɛɭɪɚɤɨʆ ± ɬɵɦ ɿ ɠɵɥɚ ɍ ɤɚɥɝɚɫ ɯɚɞɡɿɥɚ ɤɨɠɧɚɝɚ ɞɧɹ ɤɭɞɵ ɩɚɫɵɥɚʆ ɛɪɵ ɝɚɞɡɿɪ ɭɥɟɬɤɭ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɹɜɵɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ± ɩɪɚɩɨɥɤɚ ɭɛɨɪɤɚ ɭɜɨɫɟɧɶ ± ɚɛɦɚɥɨɬ ɿ ʆɫɸ ɡɿɦɭ ± ɥɺɧ Ʌɟɬɚɫɶ ɜɵɝɧɚɥɚ ɚɠ ɩɹɰɶɫɨɬ ɞɜɚɰɰɚɰɶ ɩɪɚɰɚɞɡɺɧ ɧɿ ɚɞɧɚ ɛɚɛɚ ʆ Ʌɸɛɚɲɚɯ ɫɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɟ ɜɵɝɚɧɹɥɚ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɤɚɪɵɫɶɰɿ ɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɦɟɥɚ ɧɹɲ ɦɚɬ ɭɜɨɫɟɧɶ ɩɪɵ ɪɚɡɶɦɟɪɤɚɜɚɧɶɧɿ ɞɚɥɿ ɡɛɨɠɠɚ ɿ ɝɚɪɨɯɭ ± ɩɪɵɧɟɫɥɚ ʆɫɺ ɧɚ ɫɚɛɟ ʆ ɬɨɪɛɟ ȱ ɜɨɡɚ ɧɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɚɫɿɰɶ Ⱥɥɟ ɺɣ ɯɚɩɚɥɚ Ɍ ɵɹ ɝɚɞɵ ɬɪɵɦɚɥɚ ɤɚɪɨɜɭ ɞɵ ɤɚɪɨɜɭ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɬɪɵɦɚɰɶ ɭɥɟɬɤɭ ɚ ɱɵɦ ɹɟ ɩɪɚɤɚɪɦɿɰɶ ɡɿɦɨɣ" ɍɫɺ ɠ ɤɚ ɪɨɜɚ ± ɧɟ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɺɣ ɧɹ ɫɤɚɠɚɲ ɲɬɨ ɫɟɧɚ ɧɹɦɚ ɛɨ ɡ ɤɚɥɝɚɫɭ ɧɟ ɞɚɥɿ ɚ ɧɚɤɚɫɿɰɶ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɦɚɝɥɚ ɧɹ ɬɵɹ ɛɵɥɿ ɹɟ ɪɭɤɿ ɉɪɚɞɚɥɚ ɤɚɪɨʆɤɭ ɹɤ ɧɚɣɦɚɥɚ ɦɭɠɱɵɧ ɩɚɞɩɪɚɜɿɰɶ ɯɚɬɭ ± ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɦɹɧɹɰɶ ɩɚɞɪɭɛɤɭ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɞɭɠɚ ɯɚɥɨɞɧɚ ɦɚɪɚɡɚɦɿ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɐɶɜɹ ɬɨɧɹɣ Ȼɵɥɨ ɬɪɵ ɤɭɪɚɱɤɿ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɧɟɫɶɥɿɫɹ ɞɵ ɯɚɥɟɪɚ ɧɚ 66
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɹɟ ɥɟɬɚɫɶ ɭɧɚɞɡɿɥɚɫɹ ɥɿɫɿɰɚ ± ɜɟɞɚɦɚ ɠ ɫɹɞɡɿɛɚ ɧɚ ɜɨɞ ɲɵɛɟ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟ ɡɚ ɬɪɵ ɞɧɿ ɿ ɩɟɪɚɞɭɲɵɥɚ ʆɫɿɯ ɹɟ ɬɪɨɯ ɪɚɛɟɧɶɤɿɯ Ɂɚɫɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɚɞɧɚ Ⱦɨɛɪɚ ɲɬɨ ɬɪɨɯɿ ʆɰɚɥɟɥɚ ɯɚɬɚ ɿɧɲɵɦ ɩɚɲɷɧɶɰɿɥɚ ɦɟɧɟɣ ± ɧɿ ɦɚɣɧɚ ɧɿ ɯɚɪɱɭ ɧɿ ɠɵɬɥɚ Ʉɭɞɵ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɞɡɹɜɚɰɰɚ ɡ ɪɚɛɹ ɬɚɦɿ" ɇɟ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɹɧɚ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɜɹɡɭɱɚɹ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɧɟ ɡɞɚɪɦɚ ɞɚ ɹɟ ɿɞɭɰɶ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɜɨɫɶ ɡɜɚɥɿɥɚɫɹ ɫɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɤɥɨɩɚɬɭ ± ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɦɚɝɚɰɶ Ȼɨ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɦɨɠɚ ɹɧɚ ɞɵɤ ɩɪɚɩɚɞɭɰɶ ɠɚ ȱ ɬɨɣ ɫɶɥɹɩɵ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɿ ɝɷɬɵ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ Ⱦ ɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟɦɟɰ ± ɧɟɣɤɿ ɧɟɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɵ ɫɚɥɞɚɬ ɚɥɟ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɤɚɠɚ ɯɚɪɨɲɵ Ɇɨɠɚ ɹɧɨ ɿ ɩɪɚʆɞɚ ɯɚɪɨɲɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɜɨ ɞɡɟ ɧɚɛɪɚɰɰɚ ɿɦ ɯɚɪɱɭ" ɋɚɦɚ ɹɧɚ ± ɫɹɥɹɧɫɤɚɹ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚ ɹɧɚ ɩɟɪɚɛ¶ɟɰɰɚ ɿ ɛɭɥɶɛɚɱɤɚɣ ɡ ɚɝɚɪɨɞɭ ɚ ɿɦ ɠɚ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɿ ɞɚ ɛɭɥɶɛɵ ɇɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɯɥɟɛɚ Ⱥ ʆ ɹɟ ɹɤ ɧɚ ɬɭɸ ɛɹɞɭ ± ɧɿ ɯɥɟɛɚ ɧɿ ɡɛɨɠɠɚ ɧɿ ɦɭɤɿ Ɍ ɪɨɯɿ ɹɱɦɟɧɸ ɿ ʆɫɺ« Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɛɵɥɚ ɛ ɿ ɦɭɤɚ ɞɵɤ ɹɤ ɡ ɹɟ ɫɶɩɹɱɵ ɯɥɟɛ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ɧɚɩɚɥɿɰɶ ɭ ɩɟɱɵ" Ⱦɡɶɜɟɪɵ ʆ ɫɟɧ ɰɵ ɡɧɨʆ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɟ ɡɚɱɵɧɟɧɵɹ ɹɤ ɿ ɞɡɶɜɟ ɪɵ ʆ ɯɚɬɭ ± ɡɧ ɚɱɵɰɶ ɬɭɬ ɩɚɛɵɥɿ ɬɵɹ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɫɩɚ ɥɨɯɚɥɚɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɦɨɠɚ ɩɚɛɪɚɥɿ ɿ ɚɫɬɚɬɧɹɟ ɡ ɹɟ ɯɚɪɱɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɵɩɚɫɚʆ Ⱥɠ ɧ ɟ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɟ ʆɡɹɥɿ ɭɫɟ ɹɟ ɬɪɚɧ ɬɵ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɤɚɠɭɯ ± ɧɚ ɩɚɥɤɭ ɬɪ ɷɛɚ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɹɝɨ ɚɞɧɟɫɶɰɿ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ Ȼɨ ɬɚɦ ɯɨɰɶ ɿ ɧɹ ɯɨɥɚ ɞɧɚ ɿ ɡɚɰɿɲɧɚ ɚɥɟ ɯɜɨɪɚɦɭ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɭ ɺɧ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɧɹ ɥɿɲɧ ɿ ± ɩɚɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ Ɇɿɫɤɚɣ ɹɧɚ ɡɚɱɷɪɩɧɭɥɚ ɡ ɤɨɪɚɛɭ ɹɱɦɟɧɸ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɚɞɫɵɩɚɥɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɍɫɺ ɠ ɹɱɦɟɧɶ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɚɲɱɚɞ ɠɚɰɶ ɫɤɨɧɱɵɰɰɚ ± ɲɬɨ ɬɚɞɵ ɟɫɶɰɿ" ɑɵɦ ɬɚɞɵ ɤɚɪɦɿɰɶ ɹɟ ɧɟɛɚɪɚɤɚʆ" Ɍ ɨɟ ɲɬɨ ʆɡɹɥɚ ɭ ɯɜɚɪɬɭɲɤɭ ɪɚɡɚɫɥɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɰɺɩɥɵɦ ɡ ɧɨɱɵ ɩɹɤɨɥɤɭ ɡɚ ɝɪɭɛɤɚɣ ± ɯɚɣ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɩɚɞɫɨɯ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɬɚʆɱɵɫɹ əɧɚ ɿɦ ɧɚɜɚɪɵɰɶ ɤɪɭɩɧɿɤɭ ɡ ɛɭɥɶɛɚɣ ± ɲɤɚɞɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɱɵɦ ɡɚɛɹɥɿɰɶ ɰɿ ɡɚɫɤɜɚɪɵɰɶ ± ɯɨɰɶ ɩɥɚɱ ɇɭ ɿ ɯɥɟɛ" Ⱦɡɟ ʆɡɹɰɶ ɡɛɨɠɠɚ ɧɚ ɯɥɟɛ ɹɧɚ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ʆɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɩɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɡ ɩɨɥɹ ɿ ɞɨɦɚ ɚɥɟ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɩɪɵ ɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɧɟ ɦɚɝɥɚ Ɍ ɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɹɤ ɿ ɩɪɚ ɬɭɸ ɬɚɛɚɤɭ ɲɬɨ ɩɪɚɫɿʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ Ⱦɡɟ ɹɧɚ ɡɧɨɣɞɡɟ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɬɚɛɚɤɿ" ɏɿɛɚ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟɰɶ ɭ ɝɚɪɨɞɚɯ" ɇɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɭ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɚ Ʉɿɪɵ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɥɵ ɍɠɨ ɬɚɤɿ ɛɵʆ ɤɭɪɷɰ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɵ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɩɪɚɠɵɰɶ ɛɟɡ ɰɵɝɚɪɤɿ ɩɪɚɞɵɦɿʆ ɭɫɸ ɯɚɬɭ ɚɠ ɭ ɫɹɧɹɯ ɫɶɦɹɪɞɡɟɥɚ ɬɚ ɛɚɤɚɣ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɺɧ ɫɟɹʆ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɫɚɦ Ʉɿɪɵɥɚ ɩɚɦɺɪ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɜɚɣɧɨɣ ɚɥɟ ɤɚɥɿ ɫɟɹʆ ɞɵɤ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɧɿɲɬɨ ɜɵɪɚɫɥɚ ɏɚɬɚ ɞɵɤ ɡɝɚɪɷɥɚ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɚ ɤɭɱɚ ɜɭɝɨɥɶɥɹ ɧɚ Ʉɿɪɵɥɚɜɚɣ ɫɹɞɡɿɛɟ ɡ ɫɚɞɤɨɦ ɚ ɝɚɪɨɞ ɦɨɠɚ ɡɶɛɹɪɨɝɫɹ əɧɚ ɜɵɛɟɝɥɚ ɡ ɯɚɬɵ ɿ ɛɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɩɚɤɚɡɜɚɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɩɭɫɬɨɣ ɝɪɚɡɤɚɣ ɜɭɥɿɰɵ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɧɚɬɤɧɭɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɤɚɝɨ ɛɥɚɝɨɝɚ ɩɚɜɹɪ ɧɭɥɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɞɵ ɚɛɵɲɥɚ ɞɡɶɜɟ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɹ ɜɚɪɨɧɤɿ ɥɹ ɫɚɠɚɥɤɿ ɿ ɜɵɛɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ Ʉɿɪɵɥɚʆ ɚɝɚɪɨɞ Ⱥɝɚɪɨɞ ɛɵʆ ɜɹɥɿɤɿ ɿ ɫɩɪɚʆ ɧɵ ɚɛɝɚɪɨɞɠɚɧɵ ɥɚɞɧɵɦ ɩɥɨɬɚɦ ɛɭɥɶɛɚ ɧɚɩɚɥɨɜɭ ɜɵɛ ɪɚɧɚ ɥɹ ɯɚɬɵ ɡɟɥɹɧɟɥɚ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɥɺɯ ɛɭɪɚɱɧɿɤɭ ɞɵ ɰɵ ɛɭɥɿ ɡ ɚɛɥɟɝɥɵɦ ɩɚɪɭɞɡɟɥɵɦ ɩɟɪ¶ɟɦ ɫɬɚɪɵ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɭɠɨ ɜɨɫɟɧɶɫɤɿ ɚɝɭɪɷɱɧɿɤ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɵɬɭɧɸ ɬɭɬ ɧɟ ɛ ɵɥɨ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɦɨɠɚ ɹɝɨ ʆɠɨ ʆɛɪɚɥɿ" Ȼɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɹɤ ɛɚɹɰɰɚ ɯɿɛɚ ɧɹɛɨɠɱɵɤɚʆ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ʆɡɵɲɥɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɚɤ ɭɡɿɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ʆ ɚɬɭɯɥɚɟ ɿ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɭɠɨ ɚɫɬɵɝɥɚɟ ɩɚɠɚɪɵɲɱɚ ɡ ɱɨɪɧɚɸ ɩɟɱɱɭ ɩɚɫɹ ɪɷɞɡɿɧɟ Ⱥɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɡ ɤɪɚɩɿɜɵ ɜɵɥɟɡ ɡɝɚɥɚɞɧɟɥɵ ɤɨɬ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɠɚɥɚɫɧɚ ɦɹʆɤɚɰɶ ɭɬɚɪɨɩɿʆɲɵɫɹ ʆ ɹɟ ɪɭɞɵɦɿ ɝɚɥɨɞɧɵɦɿ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ³ɒɬɨ ɹ ɬɚɛɟ ɞɚɦ"´ ± ɪɚɡɶɜɹɥɚ ɪɭɤɚɦɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦ ɤɚ ɍ ɤɭɰɟ ɫɩɚɥɟɧɚɣ Ʉɿɪɵɥɚɜɚɣ ɿɫɬɨɩɤɿ ɩɚɞ ɧɟɣɤɿɦ ɚɛɝɚ ɪɷɥɵɦ ɞɪɭɡɚɦ, ɤɚɧɰɚɦɿ ɫɬɪɚɩɿɥɚʆ ɿ ɞɨɲɚɤ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɜɚʆ ɪɚ ɠɨɤ ɭ ɰɚɥɟɥɚɝɚ ɥɚɪɚ ± ɺɧ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ʆɰɚɥɟʆ ɡɛɨɤɭ ɚɥɟ ɦɨɠɚ ɭɜɟɫɶ ɧɟ ɡɝɚɪɷʆ Ɂɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɲɵ ɹɝɨ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠ ɧɚ ɤɚɛ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɧɟ ɚɛɩɹɱɵ ɛɨɫɵɹ ɧɨɝɿ ɫɬɭɩɿɥɚ ɧɚ ɤɪɚɣ ɩɚ ɠɚɪɵɲɱɚ ɹɟ ɧɨɝɿ ɬɪɨɯɿ ʆɜɹɡɶɥɿ ʆ ɦɹɤɤɿɦ ɯɚɥɨɞɧɵɦ ɩɨ ɩɟɥɟ ɫɬɭɩɿɥɚ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɪɚɡ ɉɚ ɧɟɣɤɚɣ ɩɚɥɰɵ ɞɚɛɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɞɚ ɤɭɬɤɚ ɛɵɥɨɣ ɿɫɬɨɩɤɿ ɚɞɜɹɪɧɭɥɚ ʆɛɨɤ ɚɛɝɚɪɷɥɭɸ ɞɨɲɤɭ ɩɪɵɜɚɥɟɧɭɸ ɡ ɤɚɧɰɚ ɩɵɥɶɧɵɦ ɞɪɭɡɚɦ ɇɟ ɭ ɩɟɪɲɵɦ ɫɭɫɟɤɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɭɫɬɚ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɱɚɥɚ ɜɵɡɜɚɥɹɰɶ ɚɞ ɞɪɭɡɭ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɫɭɫɟɤ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɥɚɪɭ ɿ ɹɤ ɚɞɱɵɧɿɥɚ ɜɟɱɤɚ ɚɠ ɫɤɚɥɚɧɭ ɥɚɫɹ ɚɞ ɪɚɞɚɫɶɰɿ ɭ ɫɭɫɟɤɭ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɡɛɨɠɠɚ ɡɶɜɟɪɯɭ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɚɛɜɭɝɥɿɥɚɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɬɚɦ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɲɬɨɫɶɰɿ ɧɚɫɤɪɷɫɶɰɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɜɵɛɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɩɚɠɚɪɵɲɱɚ ɧɚ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɿɫɬɵ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɚɤ ɬɵɦ ɠɚ ɲɥɹɯɚɦ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɩɚɛɟɝɥɚ ɞɚɦɨʆ ɡɚ ɹɤɨɣ ɩɚɫɭɞɡɿɧɚɣ ɍ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɪɚ ɞɚɫɶɰɿ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɹɟ ɧɟ ɚɫɭɞɡɹɰɶ ɞɭɠɚ ± Ʉɿɪɵɥɚɜɚ ɧɹɜɟɫɬɤɚ ɡ ɦɚɥɵɦɿ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɫɵɣɲɥɚ ɞɚ ɪɚɞɧɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɬɚɦ 68
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɹɤ ɩɪɚɤɨɪɦɹɰɰɚ ɚ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɞɛɹɪɷ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ʆɰɚɥɟɥɚ ɚɞ ɜɚɣ ɧɵ ɺɣ ɠɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɚɤ ɬɪɷɛɚ Ɂɚ ɫɜɚɺ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɹɧɚ ɧɟ ʆɡɹɥɚ ɧɿ ɤɚɥɿɜɚ ɱɭɠɨɝɚ ɞɭɠɚ ɛɚɹɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɞɚɤɪɚɧɭɰɰɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɞɡɟ ɜɚɥɹɥɚɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɡɝɭɛɥɟɧɚɟ ɰɿ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɬɚɟ ɛɟɡ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɚɪɚ Ⱥ ɬɭɬ« Ⱥ ɬɭɬ ɯɚɣ ɺɣ ɛɨɝ ɞɚɪɭɟ ± ɬɵɹ ɧɟɞɚɝɚɪɤɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɹɤ ɞɚɞɭɰɶ ɺɣ ɩɪɚɤɚɪɦɿɰɶ ɧɟɛɚɪɚɤɚʆ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ȼɵɩɷɰɤɚʆɲɵɫɹ ʆɫɹ ʆ ɩɨɩɟɥɟ ɹɧɚ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɧɚɝɪɷɛ ɥɚ ɡɟɪɧɹ ± ɚɦɚɥɶ ɧɚɩɚɥɚɦ ɡ ɚɛɝɚɪɷɥɵɦ ɚɥɟ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɠɵɬɰɨ ɿ ʆ ɿɦ ± ɧɚɲɚ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɹɤ ɧɟɤɚɥɿ ɝɚɜɚɪɵɥɚ ɹɟ ɧɹ ɛɨɠɱɵɰɚ ɦɚɰɿ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɹɧɚ ʆɠɨ ɹɤ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɚɝɨɪɚɟ ɩɚɪɭ ɛɨɯɚɧɚʆ ɯɥɟɛɚ ɧɹ ɦɨɠɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɦɚɸɱɵ ɡɛɨɠɠɚ ɧɟ ɡɪɚɛɿɥɚ ɯɥɟɛɚ Ʉɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɧɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɡɦɚɥɨɰɶ ɚ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɬɵɦ ɩɚɞɫɭɲɵɰɶ Ⱥɥɟ ɫɭɲɵɰɶ ɦɨɠɚ ɿ ɧɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɩɚɞɫɨɯɥɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɠɚɪɵ ɚ ɡɦɚɥɨɰɶ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɫɩɪɚɛɭɟ ɧɚ ɫɭɫɟɞɚɜɵɯ ɠɨɪ ɧɚɯ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɬɵɹ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɫɩɪɚʆɧɵɹ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɦɚɥɨɰɶ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɩɚ ɧɚɱɵ ɹɤ ɫɶɰɹɦɧɟɟ ɍɞɡɟɧɶ ɬɭɬ ɧɚʆɪɚɞ ɰɿ ɩɚ ɲɷɧɶɰɿɰɶ Ʉɚɥɿ ɲɥɹɸɰɰɚ ɬɵɹ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɿ ɩɚɥɿɰɵɹ ɬɚɞɵ ɞɡɟ ʆɠɨ ɬɚɦ ɺɣ ɦɚɥɨɰɶ ȱ ɹɲɱɷ ɬɪɷɛɚ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɬɚɤɿ ɧɚɥɚɞɡɿɰɶ ɩɟɱ əɧɚ ɫɯɚɜɚɥɚ ɩ ɚɞ ɥɚɦɚɱɱɚɦ ɭ ɫɟɧɰɚɯ ɬɚɪ ɛɿɧɭ ɡ ɹɟ ɧɚ ɛɵɬɤɚɦ ɚ ɫɚɦɚ ʆɫɤɚɪɚɫɤɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɝɚɪɵɲɱ ɚ ɡ ɩɚɛɭɪɚɧɚɣ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚɣ ɫɬɪɚ ɯɨɣ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɦ ɡɪ ɚɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɤɨ ɦɿɧɚɦ ɋɬɪɚɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɚɱɵɰɶ ɬɨɟ ɪɭɣɧɚɜɚɧ ɶɧɟ Ʉɪɨɤɜɵ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɩɚɞɚɸɱɵ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɪɚɧɨɣ ɚɛɹɪɧ ɭɥɿ ɹɟ ɩɚɯɿɥɵ ɤɨɦɿɧ ɩɚɥɚ ɜɿɧɚ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɰɹɩ ɟɪ ɥɹɠɚɥɚ ɩɚɞ ɫɚɥɨɦɚ ɣ ɧɚ ɫɬɨɥɿ ɱɚɪɧɟɸɱɵ ɚɞɬɭɥɿɧɚɣ ɪɚɡɥɚɦɚɧɚɝɚ ɞɵɦɚɯɨɞɭ ɜɟɪɯ ɠɚ ɹɝɨ ɛɵʆ ɜɵɛɭɯɚɦ ɡɪɵɧɭɬɵ ɞɨɥɭ ɿ ɪɚɫ ɤɿɞɚɧɵ ɩɚ ɝɚ ɪɨɞɡɟ ɇɹ ɞɡɿɜɚ ɲɬɨ ɞɵɦ ɡ ɩɟɱɵ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧ ɹ ɣɲɨʆ ɭɝɨɪɭ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɹɦɭ ɧɟ ɛ ɵɥɨ ɤɭɞɵ ɞɡɿʆɧɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɲɬɨ ɧɟɹɤ ɰɹɝɧɭɥɚ ɡ ɝɪɭɛɤɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɩɚɥɹɱɵ ʆ ɝɪɭɛ ɰɵ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɩɚɥɿɰɶ ɭɫɺ ɞɚ ɬɥɚ ɞɡɟ ɬ ɚɞɵ ɠɵɰɶ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɰɵ" ɏɨɰɶ ɫɚɦɨɣ ɩɟɪɚɫɹ ɥɹɣɫɹ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɞɚ ɦɭɠɱɵɧ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ʆɠɨ ɬɭɬ ɹɧɚ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɧ ɟ ɦɚɝɥɚ ɯɿɛɚ ɚɩɪɨɱ ɹɤ ɡɚɩ ɥɚɤɚɰɶ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɡɶɥɟɡɥɚ ɞɚɥɨʆ ɧɹɜɟɫɟɥɚ ɩɟɪɚɤɚɧɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɥɿɰɶ ɭ ɯɚɰɟ ɛ ɵɥɨ ɧɟɦɚɝɱɵɦɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɚɞɵ ɞɡɟ ɠ ɩɚɥɿɰɶ" Ɋɷɲɬɭ ɬɚɝɨ ɞɧɹ ɹɧɚ ɤɚɩɚɥɚ ɛɭɥɶɛɭ ɧɚ ɝɚɪɨɞɡɟ ɫɫɵɩɚ ɥɚ ɹɟ ʆ ɫɟɧɰɚɯ ɧɟɚɞɱɷɩɧɚ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ" ȱ ʆɫɺ ɩɚȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɡɿɪɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɜɹɥɿɤɭɸ ɰɚɥɸɬɤɭɸ ɩɟɱ ɡɚ ɝɚɪɨɞɚɦ ± ɡɧɚɺɦɵ ɫɭɫɟɞɱɵɧ ɱ ɚɥɟɫɶɧɿɤ ɞɭɠɚ ɜɚɛɿʆ ɹɟ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɬɚɦ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɫɺ ɫɩɪɚʆɧɚ ± ɧɟ ʆɛɟɪɚɝɥɚɫɹ ɯɚɬɚ ɡɚɬɨɟ ɜɵɠɵɥɚ ɩɟɱ ɭ ɹɤɨɣ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɵɧɿ ɇɚɞɜɹɱɨɪɤɚɦ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ʆɬɪɵ ɦɚɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɩɚɣɲɥɚ ɧɚ ɱɭɠɵ ɚɛɝɚɪɷɥɵ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɚɤ ɏɨɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɭɠɚ ɧɹɺɦɤɚ ɰɿɲɤɨɦ ɲɚɪɵɰɶ ɩɚ ɱɭɠɨɣ ɫɹɞɡɿɛɟ ɚɥɟ ɹɧɚ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɪɵɛɪɚɥɚ ɝɚɪɷɥɵ ɞɪɭɡ ɚɞ ɛɵɥɨɝɚ ɩɚɪɨɝɭ ɪ ɚɡɝɚɪɧɭ ɥɚ ɪɵɞɥɺʆɤɚɣ ɜɭɝɨɥɶɥɟ ɩɚɤɥɚɥɚ ɩɚɪɭ ɚɛɝɚɪɷɥɵɯ ɞɨɲɚɤ ɤɚɛ ɹɦɱɷɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɚɥɟɡɶɰɿ ɞɚ ɩɟɱɵ Ⱦɪɨʆ ɬɭɬ ɯɚɩɚɥɚ ɧɚɣ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɝɚɥɚɜɟɲɚɤ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɚʆ ɛɹɪɜɟɧɶɧɹ ɿ ɞɨɲɚɤ ± ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɫɚ ɫɬɨɥɿ ɍɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɹɧɚ ɧɚɞɬɚ ɚɩɚɫɚɥɚɫɹ ɤɚɛ ɹɟ ɧɹ ɡɝɥɟɞ ɡɟʆ ɯɬɨ ɤɟɩɫɤɿ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɫɹɞɡɿɛɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɟ ɹɟ ± ɱɭɠɚɹ Ⱥ ɧɚɣ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɹɟ ɞɚɩɹɤɚʆ ɤɥɨɩɚɬ ɹɤ ɭɛɟɪɚɝɱɵɫɹ ɚɞ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɹʆ ɤɚɛ ɬɵɹ ɧɟ ɞɚɡɧɚɥɿɫɹ ɩɪɚ ɹɟ ɦɭɠɱɵɧ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɉɚɤɭɥɶ ɲɬɨ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɫɩɚɥɟɧɚɹ ɜɺɫɤɚ ɱɭɥɚɫɹ ɛɹɡɶɥɸɞɧɚɣ ɯɚɬɵ ɞɚ ɩɚɠɚɪɭ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɧɹ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɚɞɧɚ ɚɞ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɬɭɬ ɡ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɤɚɧɰɚ ɧɚ ɫɹɞɡɿɛɚɯ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ʆɞɡɟɧɶ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɛɚɱɵɥɚ ɹɤ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɿɦ ɤɚɧɰɵ ɡɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɥɹ ɛɪɭɤɚɜɚɧɤɿ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɹɤ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɤɚɥɭɩɚʆɫɹ ɧɚ əɧɤɚɜɵɦ ɩɚɝɚɪɷɥɿɲɱɵ ± ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɫɬɚɪɚɹ ɛɚɛɤɚ ɰɿ ɹɟ ɧɹɜɟɫɬɤɚ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɬɭɬ ɭ ɤɨɠɧɚɝɚ ɛɵʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɤɥɨɩɚɬ ɿ ɫɜɚɟ ɫɶɥɺ ɡɵ Ɇɨɠɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɿ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɞɭɦɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ Ƚɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ɤɚɛ ɡɧɨʆ ɧɟ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɞɨɠɞɠ ɛɨ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɚɥɶɟ ɞɵɤ ɥɹ ɩɟɱɵ ɧɚ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɧɟ ɩɚɫɬɚɿɲ Ⱥ ɦɨɠɚ ɿ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɫɩɚɤɚɣɧɟɣ ɬɚɞɵ ɯɚɣ ɿɞɡɟ ɞɨɠɞɠ ± ɩɷʆɧɚ ɭ ɞɨɠɞɠ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɡɥɵ ɧɟ ɧɚɛɪɵɞɡɟ ɧɚ ɹɟ ɪ ɚɛɨɬɭ Ȭɣ ɛɵ ɜɨɫɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɡɦɚɥɨɰɶ ɍɠɨ ɡɶɦɹɪɤɚɥɚɫɹ ɤɚɥɿ ɹɧɚ ʆɡɹɥɚɫɹ ɪɵɯɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɫɭɫɟɞ ɫɤɿɹ ɠɨɪɧɵ ± ɩɪɵɧɟɫɟɧɵɦ ɡ ɞɨɦɭ ɜɟɧɿɤɚɦ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɜɵɦɟɥɚ ɠɨɥɚɛ ɚɛɦɹɥɚ ɚɞ ɩɨɩɟɥɭ ɤɚɦɹɧɿ Ɇɥɺɧ ɿ ɹɝɨ ɦɚɰɭɧɚɤ ɭɜɟɪɫɟ ɡɝɚɪɷɥɿ ɚɥɟ ɦɥɺɧ ɧɟ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ Ʉɭɞɵ ɜɚɠ ɧɟɣ ɛɵɥɿ ɤɚɦɹɧɿ Ɂɧɚɺɦɵɹ ɤɚɦɹɧɿ ɞɭɠɚ ɫɬɨɱɚɧɵɹ ɡɚ ɞɡɟ ɫɹɰɿɝɨɞɞɡɿ ɩɪɚɰɵ ȼɟɪɯɧɿ ɞɵɤ ɛɵʆ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɬɵ ɿ ɫɤɥɚɞɡɟɧɵ ɡ ɬɪɨɯ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɚʆ ɫɶɰɿɫɧɭɬɵɯ ɭ ɚɞɧɨ ɠɚɥɟɡɧɵɦɿ ɚɛɪɭɱɚɦɿ ± ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɪɨʆɧɵ ɿ ɤɪɭɝɥɵ ɤɚɦɟɧɶ ɚɥɟ ɦɚɥɨʆ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɧɿɲɬɨ ɇɹ ɦɚɸɱɵ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɠɨɪɧɚʆ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɟɪɚɦɚɥɨɥɚ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ± ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɹɤ ɠɵɥɚ ɡ ɛɚɰɶɤɚɦɿ ɚɞɧɚɚɫɨɛɧɿɤɚɦɿ ɿ ɩɚɫɶ ɥɹ ɭ ɤɚɥɝɚɫɟ ɇɚɣɛɨɥɶɲ ɩɪɚʆɞɚ ɹɤ ɡ ɛɚɰɶɤɚɦɿ ɤɚɥɝɚɫɶ 70
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɧɿɰɚɣ ɠɚ ɦɚɥɨɰɶ ɜɵɩɚɞɚɥɚ ɧɹ ɲɦɚɬ ± ɡ ɜɨɫɟɧɿ ɞɵ ɡɿɦɨɣ ɉɚɞ ɜɹɫɧɭ ʆɠɨ ɦɥɿɜɚ ɤɚɧɱɚɥɚɫɹ ± ɟɥɿ ɛɭɥɶɛɭ ɭ ɤɚɝɨ ɬɚɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɜɹɥɚɫɹ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɞɚ ɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɥɟɬɚ ɤɚɧɱɚɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɛɭɥɶɛɚ ȼɨ ɬɚɞɵ ɩɚɱɵɧɚʆɫɹ ɜɹɥɿɤɿ ɩɨɫɬ« əɤ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɫɶɰ ɹɦɧɟɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɧɚɞ ɚɫɬɵɥɵɦɿ ɩɚɩɹɥɿɲɱɚɦɿ ʆɫ ɬɚɥɹɜɚɥɚ ɫɹ ɜɟɬɪɚ ɧɚɹ ɧɨɱ ɋɟɪ ɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɧ ɚɜɚɠɵɥɚɫ ɹ ɋɬɪɚɯɚɜɿɬɚ ɛ ɵ ɡɥɚɞɡɟɣɤɚ ɩɚɞɚɛɪɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɰɟɦɪɵ ɞɚ ɱɭ ɠɨɝɚ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɤɭ ɭɡɶɥɟɡɥɚ ɧɚ ɝɚɪɷɥɿɲɱɚ ɞɚ ɠɨɪɧɚʆ Ⱦɭɠɚ ɫɶɦɹɪɞɡɟɥɚ ɱɵɦɫɶɰɿ ɝɚɪɤɨɬɧɵɦ ɿ ɺɥɤɿɦ ɛɵ ɚɞ ɫɚɠɵ ɡ ɤɨɦɿɧɭ ɚɥɟ ɬɨɟ ɹɟ ɧɟ ɩɚɥɨɯɚɥɚ ɇɚɣɛɨɥɟɣ ɺɣ ɛ ɵɥɨ ɫɬɪɚɲ ɧɚ ɚɞ ɰ ɿɲɵɧɿ ɧɨɱɵ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɧɟ ɚɞɜɚɠɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɟɪ ɲɵ ɪɚɡ ɩɚɤɪɭɰɿɰɶ ɠɨɪɧɵ ± ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɿɯɧɿ ɝɪɭɤɚɬ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɱɭɜɚɰɶ ɚɠ ɧɚ ɬɵɦ ɤɚɧ ɰɵ ɜɺɫɤɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɩɚɤɪɭɰɿɥɚ ɬɨɹɱɵ ɫɬɪɚɯ ɩɚɱɚɥɚ ɦɚɥɨɰɶ ɿ ɚɡɿɪɚɰɰɚ ɇɚɜɚɤɨɥ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɭɫɬɚ ɿ ɰɿɯɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɲɭɦɟɥɿ ɞɪɷɜɵ ʆ ɫɚɞɤɭ ɿ ɱɚɪɧɟɥɚɫɹ ɚɫɚɞɡɿɫɬɚɹ ɩɟɱ ɩɨɛɚɱ ȱ ɬɚɞɵ ɺɣ ɩɪɵɩɨɦɧɿʆɫɹ ɤɨɥɿɲɧɿ ɝɨɞ ɹɤ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɝɷɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɚ ɬɵɯ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɠɨɪɧɚɯ ɹɧɚ ɦɚɥɨ ɥɚ ɿ ɛɚɹɥɚɫɹ ɛɚɹɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɦɚɥɨɥɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɚɞɵ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɟ ɚɞɧɚ ɭ ɞɜɚɪɵ ɩɿɥɶɧɚ ɜɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɹɤ ɡɦɚɥɨɥɚ ɦɚɥɨʆ ɺ ɧ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɸ ɩɚɬ ɪɷɛɭ ɚ ɥɹ ɜɟ ɫɶɧɿɱɚɤ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɜɨɪɤɭ ɫɬɚɹɥɚ ɹɧɚ Ɇɚɥɨɥɿ ɬɚɣɤɨɦ ɩɪɨɰɿɡɚɤɨɧɧɚ ɛɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɛɨ ɹɲɱɷ ɬɵɞɡɟɧɶ ɬɚɦɭ ɫɟɥɶɫɚɜɟɰɤɿɹ ɧ ɚɱɚɥɶɧɿɤɿ ɚɛɵɲɥɿ ɜɺɫɤɭ ɿ ɩ ɚɛɿɥɿ ʆɫɟ ɠɨɪ ɧɵ ɞɡɟ ɹɧɵ ɛɵɥɿ Ɂɶɧɿɦɚɥɿ ɡ ɧɿɠɧɹɝɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɿ ɤɚ ɦɟɧɶ ɜɵɧɨɫɿɥɿ ɧɚ ɞɜɨɪ ɿ ɛɿɥɿ ɚɛ ɜɭɝɥɚɜɵ ɤɚɦɟɧ ɶ ɩɚɞɦɭɪɤɭ ± ɠɨɪɧɵ ɪɚɡɜɚɥɶɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɿ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɞɚɰɶ ɡɛɨɠ ɠɚ ɞɡɹɪɠɚɜɟ ɚ ɫɹɥɹɧɟ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɿ ɬɚɝɨ ɯ ɚɜɚɥɿ ɞɡɟ ɯɬɨ ʆɦɟʆ ± ɡɚɤɨɩɜɚ ɥɿ ʆ ɹɦɚɯ ɧɚ ɝɚɪɨɞɡɟ ɭ ɝɭ ɦɧɟ ɰɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɭ ɥɟɫɟ ɋɶɩɹɪɲɚ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɲɭɤɚɥɚ ɠɚɥɟɡɧɵɦ ɩɪɭɬɨɦ ± ɬɵɰɚɥɚ ʆ ɪɨɡɧɵɹ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɩɚ ɯɥɹʆɤɚɯ ɿ ɩɚɞɜɨ ɪɤɚɯ ɚɥɟ ʆɫɺ ɡɧɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɧɟ ɦɚɝɥɨ ɩɪɵɛɚʆɤɚ ɚɞ ɬɚɝɨ ɧɚ ɪɵɯɬɨɜɚɤ ɛɵɥɚ ɦɿɡɷɪɧɚɹ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɩɪɵɞɭɦɚɥɿ ʆɡɹɰɰɚ ɡɚ ɫɩɪ ɚɜɭ ɡ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɤɚɧɰɚ ± ɩɚɛɿɰ ɶ ɜɹɫɤɨɜɵɹ ɠɨɪɧɵ Ɇɟɪɤɚɜɚ ɥɿ ɬɚɤ ɧɹɦɨ ɥɚɬɚɟ ɡɛɨɠɠɚ ɟɫɶɰɿ ɧɹ ɛɭɞɭɰɶ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɡɞɚɞɭɰɶ ɞɡɹɪ ɠɚɜɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɝɷɬ ɵ ɹɟ ɫɭɫɟɞ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɦɚɥɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɲɬɨ ɛɵʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɦɚɣɫɬ ɪɚɜɿɬɵ ɞɵɤ ɿ ɦɟʆ ɯɿɬɪɭɸ ɝ ɚɥɚɜɭ ɧɚ ɩɥɹ ɱɚɯ Ȭɧ ɡɦɚɣɫ ɬɪɚɜɚʆ ɞɨɛɪɵ ɠɚɥɟɡɧɵ ɚɛɪ ɭɱ ɹɤɿ ɫɶɰɹʆ ɬɵɹ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɬɵɹ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɿ ɠɨɪɧɚʆ ɿ ʆɥɚɞɤɚɜɚ ʆ ɿɯ ɧɚ ɪɚɧɟɣ ɲɚɟ ɦɟɫɰɚ Ɇɨ ɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɦɚɥɨɰɶ ɿ ɹɧɵ ɧɨ ɱɱɭ ɤɚɥɿ ɜɵ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɩɚɞɚɥɚ ɝɨɪɲɚɟ ɧɚɞɜɨɪ¶ɟ ɦɚɥɨɥɿ ɩɚ ɱɚɪɡɟ ± ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɐɿ ɧɚɚɞɜɚɪɨɬ ɉɚɞ ɪ ɚɧɚɤ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɚɪ ɪɚɡɶɧɿɦɚʆ ɚɛɪ ɭɱ ɿ ɤɿɞɚʆ ɬɵɯ ɬɪɵ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɿ ɧɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɚɟ ɦɟɫɰɚ ʆ ɤɪɚɩɿɜɭ ɫɟɥɶɫɚɜɟɰɤɿɹ ɚɤɬɵɜɿɫɬɵ ɪɚɛɿɥɿ ɪɷɝɭɥɹɪ ɧɵ ɚɛɯɨɞ ɜɺɫɤɿ ɿ ɩɪɚɜɹɪɚɥɿ ɰɿ ɥɹɠɚɰɶ ɛɿɬɵɹ ɠɨɪɧɵ ɬɚɦ ɤɭɞɵ ɹɧɵ ɤɿɧɭ ɥɿ ɿɯ Ⱦɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɛɯɿɬɪɵʆ ɭɫɿɯ ɿ ɹɧɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɡ ɯɥɟɛɚɦ Ƚɚɥɚɜɚɫɬɵ ɦɭɠɵɤ ɛɵʆ ɝɷɬ ɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɠ ɩɨɤɭɥɶ ɚɞɧɨɣɱ ɵ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɟɯɚɥɿ ɧɨɱɱ ɭ« Ⱦɚɝɷɬɭɥɶ ɭ ɹɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ʆ ɞɭɲɵ ɞɚɜɨɥɿ ɧɟɩɪɵɟɦɧɚɟ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɚɞ ɬɵɯ ɧɚɱɧɵɯ ɫɬɪ ɚɯɚʆ ɹɤ ɹɧɵ ɬɭɥɹɥɿɫɹ ɬɚɞɵ ɹɤ ɡɥɨɞɡɟɿ ɯɨɰɶ ɭɫɺ ɬɨɟ ± ɿ ɡɛɨɠɠɚ ɿ ɹɱɦɟɧɶ ± ɛɵɥɨ ɫɜɚɺ ɧɹ ʆɤɪɚɞ ɡɟɧɚɟ ɚ ɫɭɦɥɟɧɧɚɸ ɩɪɚɰɚɣ ɜɵɪɚɲɱɚɧɚɟ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɠɚ ɧɚɞ ɡɟɥɚɯ Ⱥɥɟ ɹɧ ɵ ɪɚɛɿɥɿ ɧɚɫɭɩɟɪɚɤ ɭɥɚɞɡɟ ɹɤɚɹ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɠɚ ɦɟɥɚ ɧɚ ɬ ɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɚɫɬɚɧɚɜɿɥɚ ɩɚɧɿɲɱɵɰɶ ɿɯ ɠɨɪɧɵ Ɇɚɛɵɰɶ ɬɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɬɪɷɛɚ ± ɞɥɹ ʆɥɚɞɵ ɰ ɿ ɞɥɹ ɞɡɹɪɠɚɜɵ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɹɧɚ ɡ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺɦ ɱɚɝɨɫɶɰɿ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɿ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɚɪɭɲɚɥɿ ɬɭɸ ɩɚɫɬɚɧɨɜɭ Ⱥ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ± ɯɚɰɟɥɿ ɟɫɶɰɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɰɵ ɞɵɤ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɚɞɧɚ ɚ ʆ ɫɭɫɟɞɚ ɪɚɫɶɥɿ ɬɪɨɟ ɧɟɧɚɠɷɪɧ ɵɯ ɯɥɨɩɰɚʆ ɩɚɞɥɟɬɤɚʆ ɹɤɿɯ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɚɪɦɿɰɶ ɤɨɠɧɚɝɚ ɪɚɧɤɭ Ɇɚɥɨ ɰɶ ɭɧɚ ɱɵ ɛɹɡ ɦɥɺɧɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɧ ɹ ɧɚɞɬ ɚ ʆɩɪɚ ʆɧɚ ɹɧɚ ɧɚɜɹɪɷɞɡɿɥɚ ɪɭ ɤɿ ɲɭɪɩ ɚɬɚɸ ɩ ɚɥɤɚɣ ɹɤɭɸ ɩɪ ɵɥɚɞɡɿɥɚ ʆ ɩɪɚ ɜɭɲɵɧɭ ɤɚɦɟɧɹ ± ɚɠ ɝɚɪ ɷɥɿ ɞɚɥɨɧɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɡɚ ɩɚɪɭ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɚʆ ɰɿ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɡɦɚɥɨɥɚ ɧɚɱɨɜɚɱɤɿ ɡɛɨɠ ɠɚ ɿ ɧɿɯɬ ɨ ɺɣ ɧ ɟ ɩɟɪɚ ɲɤɨɞɡɿʆ ɇɨɱ ɥɹɠɚɥɚ ɝɥɭɯ ɚɹ ɿ ɰɺɦɧ ɚɹ ɲɭ ɦɟʆ ɜɟ ɰɟɪ ɭ ɚɛɩɚɥɟɧ ɵɦ ɝɨɥɶɥɿ ɫɚ ɞɤɨʆ ɿ ɞɚ ɝɷɬ ɚɝɚ ɩɨ ɲɭɦɭ ɝ ɥɭɯɿɦ ɝɪɭɤɚ ɬɚɦ ɞɚ ɦɟɲɜɚʆɫɹ ɝɭɤ ɹɟ ɠɨɪɧ ɚʆ ɇɚɜɨɛɦɚɰɚ ɤ ɭ ɰɟɦɪɵ ɹɧɚ ɫɬɚɪɚɧ ɧɚ ɜɵɝɪ ɚɛɥɚ ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɦɹɤɤɭɸ ɰɟɩ ɥɚɜɚɬɭɸ ɹɲɱɷ ɦɭɤɭ ɿ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɝ ɚɪɨɞ ɩɚɛɟɝ ɥɚ ɞɚɦɨʆ ɪ ɚɫɱɵɧɹɰɶ ɯɥɟɛ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɹɧɚ ɧɟ ɛɚɹɥɚɫɹ ɹɟ ɦɭɠɱɵɧɵ ɛɭɞɭɰɶ ɭɠɨ ɧɟ ɝɚɥɨɞɧɵɹ ɇɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɹɧɚ ɡɜɚɪɵɰɶ ɡɚɰɿɪɤɭ >ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ@ Ɋɚɧɿɰɚɣ ɹɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɞɧɟɥɚ ɧɟɩɚɞɚɥɺɤ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɩɚɱɭɥɚɫɹ ɰɿɯɚɟ ɲɚɪɯɚɰɟɧɶɧɟ ɹɤɨɟ ɧɟɧɚɞɨʆɝɚ ɩɪɵɰɿɯɥɚ ɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɭɫɬɪɵɜɨɠɚɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɥɸɲɱɵʆ ɜɨɱɵ ɞɭɦɚɸɱɵ ɯɬɨ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɚ ɰɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɿ" Ⱥɠ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɣɲɥɚ ɋɟɪɚ 72
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɮɿɦɤɚ ɇɟɹɤ ɠɜɚɜɚ ɛɵ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɜɟɫɟɥɚ ɩɚɜɿɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɭɥɚɡɹ ɱɵ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɉɟɪɚɞ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɹɧɚ ɧɟɫɥɚ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɝɨɪ ɧɭɬɵ ʆ ɚɧɭɱɭ ɱɵɝɭɧ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɡ ɟɠɚɣ ɩɚɫɬɚɜɿɥɚ ɧɚ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɤɚɥɹ ʆɜɚɯɨɞɭ ȱ ɫɚɦɚ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɬɚɹɰɶ ɧɚ ɤɚɥɟɧɹɯ ± ȼɨ ɡɚɰɿɪɤɿ ɜɚɦ ɡɜɚɪɵɥɚ ɍɱɨɪɚ ɦɭɤɿ ɧɚɦɚɥɨɥɚ ɞɵɤ ɝɷɬɚ« ɡɚɰɿɪɤɿ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɯɥɟɛɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɹɦɚ ɚɥɟ ʆɱɵɧɿɥɚ ɯɥɟɛ ɡɚʆɬɪɚ ɫɶɩɹɤɭ ɍ ɤɭɰɟ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɩɚɞɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɫɟʆ ɡɚɝɚɦɚɧɿʆ ɛɚɞ ɡɺɪɚ ɡ ɧɟɣɤɚɸ ɫɬɨɟɧɚɣ ɪɚɞɚɫɶɰɸ ± Ɇɨɥɨɞɟɰ ɇɭ ɢ ɦɨɥɨɞɟɰ ɋɟɪɚɮɢɦɤɚ Ɂɚɬɢɪɤɚ ɷɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɤɚɲɚ" ± ɇɟ ɚ ɡɚɰɿɪɤɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɧɭ« ɡɚɰɿɪɤɚ Ɂɚɪɚɡ ɩɚɫɩɵɬɚɟɰɟ ± ɇɭ ɱɬɨ ɠ ɧɭ ɱɬɨ ɠ« ɉɨɟɞɢɦ Ⱥ ɬɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɬɶɫɹ« ɉɪɨɝɨɥɨɞɚɥɢɫɶ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɩɚɫɩɪɚɛɚɜɚʆ ɭ ɫɬɚɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɯɨɰɶ ɫɟɫɶɰɿ ɰɿ ɲɬɨ ± ɱɭʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɩɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɚɦɭ ɤɟɩɫɤɚ ɦɨ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɝɨɪɲ ɱɵɦ ɭɱɨɪɚ ɇɨɱɱɭ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɛɵʆ ɠɚɪ ɛɿɥɚ ɞɪɵɠɚɤɚ ɚ ɩɚɞ ɪɚɧɚɤ ɰɟɥɚ ɚɛɥɿɥɨɫɹ ɫɶɰɸɞɡɺɧɵɦ ɩɨɬɚɦ ɿ ɺɧ ɬɪɭɞɧɚ ɞɵ ɯɚɸɱɵ ɩɥɚɫɬɨɦ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɧɚ ɩɥɚɲɱɵ ɉɨɛɚɱ ɪɭɯɚɜɚ ɿ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ʆɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɫɟʆ ɩɪɚɰ ɿɪɚɸɱ ɵ ɡɚɫ ɩɚɧɵɹ ɜɨɱɵ ɍ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɡ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɡ ɡɚ ɫɶɩɿɧɵ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɿ ɰɚɞɡɿɥɚɫɹ ɫɤɭ ɩɨɟ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɨ ɯɦɚɪɧɚɝɚ ɪɚɧɤɭ ± Ⱥɥɟ ɠ ɜɨ ɥɵɠɤɚ ɚɞɧɚ ± ɩɚɛɟɞɚɜɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ± Ɇɨɠɚ ɭ ɜɚɫ ɺɫɶɰɿɤɚ" ± ɑɟɪɬɚ ɫ ɞɜɚ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ± ɑɟɝɨ ɧɟɬ ɬɨɝɨ ɧɟɬ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɥɟɠɚɱɵ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɩɚɤɪɭɰɿʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɨɣ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆɲɵ ɿɯ ɤɥɨɩɚɬ ɫɩɪɵɬɧɚ ɲɚɫɧɭʆ ɭ ɛɚɤɚɜɵ ɤɿɲɷ ɧɶ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɤɿɰɟɥɹ ɿ ɜɵɰɹɝ ɚɞɬɭɥɶ ɛɟɥɭɸ ɥɵɠɤɭ ɲɚɪɧɿɪ ɧɚ ɡɦɚɰɚɜɚɧɭɸ ɡ ɬɚɤɿɦ ɠɚ ɛɟɥɵɦ ɜɿɞɷɥɶ ɰɚɦ ± Ȼɿɬɷ Ȭɧ ɩɪɚɰɹɝ ɹɟ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɭ ɚɥɟ ɬɨɣ ɚɞɦɨʆɧɚ ɤɪɭɬɧɭʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɨɣ ± ɯɚɣ ɟɫɶɰɶ ɫɚɦ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɧɟ ɧɚɫɬɨɣɜɚʆ ± ɩɪɵɫɭ ɧɭʆɫɹ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɞɚ ɱɵɝɭɧɚ ɚɥɟ ɧɟ ɡɚɱɷɪɩɜɚʆ ɡɚɝɭɫɶɰɟɥɭɸ ɡɶɜɟɪɯɭ ɡɚɰɿɪɤɭ ± ɱɚɤɚʆ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɡɚɤɥɚɩɚɰɿɥɚɫɹ ɤɚɥɹ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚ ± Ⱦɵɤ ɹɤ ɠɚ ɝɷɬɚ" ɐɿ ɜɵ ɜɨɡɶɦɟɰɟ ɫɚɦɿ" ± Ⱥ ɧɭ ɚ ɧɭ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɭɡɹʆɲɵ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ʆɤɥɚɞɡɟɧɭɸ ʆ ɹɟ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚɣ ɞɪɚʆɥɹɧɭɸ ɥɵɠɤɭ ɚ ɞɪɭ ɝɨɣ ɫɶɥɟɩɚ ɦɚɰɚɸɱɵ ɛɟɪɚɝɿ ɱɵɝɭɧɚ ɲɬɨ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɤɚɥɹ ɧɨɝ əɦɱɷɣ ɭɥɚɞɤɚɜɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɩɨɪɭɱ ɺɧ ɧɹɡɝɪɚɛɧɚ ʆɥɟɡ ɥɵɠɤɚɣ ɭ ɱɵɝɭɧ ɿ ɜɵɥɿʆ ɡɚɰɿɪɤɭ ɡ ɥɵɠɤɿ ɧɚ ɛɨɬ ± Ⱥɣ ɹɣ ± ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɩɪɚɦɨɜɿʆ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɞɚɥɿɤɚɬ ɧɚ ʆɡɹɥɚ ɡ ɪɭɤɿ ɧɟɛɚɪɚɤɿ ɫɜɚɸ ɥɵɠɤɭ ɡɚɱɷɪɩɧɭɥɚ ɡ ɱɵɝɭ ɧɚ ɿ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚ ɞɚɧɟɫɥɚ ɹɟ ɞɚ ɪɚɡɹʆɥɟɧɚɝɚ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɛɿɧɬɨʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚɜɚɝɚ ɪɨɬɭ ± ȼɨ ɬɚɤ Ⱥɣ ɹɣ ɇɿɛɵ ɦɚɥɨɝɚ« ± Ⱥ ɧɢɱɟɝɨ ɩɨɣɞɟɬ Ⱦɚɜɚɣ ɟɳɟ ± ɡɚɩɚɬɪɚɛɚɜɚʆ ɤɚɩɿ ɬɚɧ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɞɚɥɚ ɿ ɹɲɱɷ ± ɩɚɱɚɥɚ ɞɭɠɚ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚ ɤɚɛ ɧɹ ɤɚɩɧɭɰɶ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɡɤɿɹ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚɜɵ ɛɨɬɵ ɤɚɪɦɿɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɡ ɫɜɚɟ ɞɪɚʆɥɹɧɚɣ ɥɵɠɤɿ ɋɩɚɜɚɠɧɚ ɛɵ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɫɚɪɨɦɟɸ ɱɵɫɹ ɡ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɛɨɤɭ ʆ ɱɵɝɭɧ ɩɪɚɫɭɧɭʆ ɤɚɪɨɰɟɧɶɤɭɸ ɥɵɠ ɤɭ ɏɨɥɶɰ ± Ⱥɝɚ ɛɹɪɵɰɟ ɛɹɪɵɰɟ ± ɝɚɫɶɰɿɧɧɚ ɩɚɞɚɯɜɨɰɿɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɿ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɱɷɪɩɚɰɶ ɠɜɚɜɟɣ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɪɚɝɥɵɧɭʆ ɫɶɥɿɧɤɿ ɿ ɡɚɩɥɸɲɱɵʆ ɜɨɱɵ ɤɚɛ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɵɰɶ ɬɚɝɨ ɫɶɧɹɞɚɧɤɭ Ⱦɨɛɪɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɭ ɹɤɿ ʆɠɨ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɲɬɨ ɪɚɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɇɹ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɚɥɟ ɠ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɱ ɭʆ ɿ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɪɨɛɿɰɰɚ Ⱦɵ ɿ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ əɤ ɧɿ ʆ ɱɵɦ ɧɟ ɛɵɜɚɥɚ ɹɞɭɰɶ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɡ ɧɟɦɰɚɦ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɸɰɶ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ± ɮɚɲɵɫɬ ɜɨɪɚɝ ɹɤɿɹ ɬɵɫɹɱɚɦɿ ɡɚɛɿɜɚɸɰɶ ɧɚɲɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɛɭɪɚɰɶ ɝɚɪɚɞɵ ɿ ɜɺɫɤɿ ± ɩɪɭɰɶ ɧɚ Ɇɚɫɤɜɭ ɇɟ ɭɠɨ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɜɭɞɚɱɤɭ ɧɹ ɤɥɸɧɟ ± ɧɿ ɡɚ ɯɚɪɱɵ ɧɿ ɡɚ ɥɟɤɿ ɍɱɨɪɚ ɬɨɣ ɡɧɨʆ ɞɚʆ ɹɦɭ ɫɬɪɷɩɬɚɰɵɞ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɜɚɞɵ ʆ ɤɜɚɪɰɟ ɚɥɟ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɹ ɞɭɪɚɧɶ ɺɧ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɡɪɚɛɿʆ ɜɵɝ ɥɹɞ ɲɬɨ ɩɪɚɝɥɵɧɭʆ ɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɭ ɚ ɫɚɦ ɤɪɚɞɤɨɦ ɫɭɧɭʆ ɹɟ ʆ ɤɿɲɷɧɸ ɍɠɨ ɬɵɹ ɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɿ ɹɦɭ ɧɟ ɩɚɲɤɨɞɡɹɰɶ Ɇɨɠɚ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɦɨɝɭɰɶ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɚɥɟ ɬɭɬ ɭɠɨ ɺɧ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɩɷʆɧɵ ɇɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɹɦɭ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɮɚɲɵɫɰɤɚɹ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝɚ ± ɇɭ ɹ ɭɠɟ ɫɬɚɥ ɧɚɟɞɚɬɶɫɹ ± ɡɚɞɚɜɨɥɟɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɏɥɟɛ ɧɿɤɚʆ ɤɚʆɬɚɸɱɵ ɱɚɪɝɨɜɭɸ ɥɵɠɤɭ ± ɑɬɨɛ ɬɟɦ ɨɫɬɚɥɨɫɶ ± Ⱥ ɯɨɩɿɰɶ ɯɨɩɿɰɶ ɿ ɬɵɦ ± ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ± Ɍ ɭɬ ɲɦɚɬ ɧɚ ʆɫɿɯ ɧɚɜɚɪɵɥɚ ȼɵ ɟɲɰɟ ɟɲɰɟ ± ɡɚɤɿɜɚɥɚ ɹɧɚ 74
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪɭ ɹɤɿ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɡɚɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɫɜɚɸ ɥɵɠɤɭ ɡɜɚɠɥɿɜɚ ɩɚ ɡɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɬɨ ɧɚ ɹɟ ɬɨ ɧɚ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚ ± ɗɬɨ ɤɬɨ ± ɪɚɣɤɨɦɨɜɟɰ" ± ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɵʆɫɹ ɏɥɟɛɧɿ ɤɚʆ ɚɞɱɭʆɲɵ ɫɭɫɟɞɚ ɥɹ ɱɵɝɭɧɚ ± ɇɟ ɪɚɣɤɨɦɚɜɟɰ ɥɹɠɵɰɶ ȱɞɡɿɰɟ ɜɨ ɟɲɰɟ ± ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɡɿɪɧɭʆɲɵ ɧɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ʆ ɤɭɰɟ ± Ⱥ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ ɟɮɪɟɣɬɨɪ ± ɡɞɚɝɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ± ɇɭ ɤɚɤ ɪɭɫɫɤɚɹ ɡɚɬɢɪɤɚ" ± Ɉ ɝ ɭɬ ± ɩɪɚɦɚɪɦɵɬɚʆ ɏɨɥɶɰ ± Ƚɷɬɚ Ʉɚɥɿ ɛ ɹɲɱɷ ɡɚɫɤɜɚɪɵɰɶ« ɐɿ ɡɚɛɹɥɿɰɶ Ⱥ ɬɨ ɲɬɨ ɠ ± ɩɨɫɶɧɿɰɚ ± ɡɚɛɟɞɚɜɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ± ɇɢɱɟɝɨ ɂ ɬɚɤ ɫɨɣɞɟɬ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɡɚɞɚɜɨɥɟɧɚ ɚɞɯɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɡɟɦɥɹɧɨɣ ɫɶɰɹɧɵ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɩɚɞ¶ɟʆɲɵ ɰɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɪɨɛɹɱɵ ɜɵɝɥɹɞ ɲɬɨ ɫɵɬɵ Ʌɹ ɱɵɝɭɧɚ ɩɪɚɰɹɝɜɚʆ ɧɹʆɦɟɥɚ ɫɺɪɛɚɰɶ ɹɮ ɪɷɣɬɚɪ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɠɚ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɚ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɧɚ ɫɶɩɿɧɟ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɪɵɤɪɵʆɲɵɫɹ ɩɥɚɲɱɨɦ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ± Ⱦɵɤ ɱɚɝɨ ɠ ɜɵ ɧɟ ɹɫɶɰɺ" Ʌɵɠɤɚ ɠ ɺɫɶɰɶ ± ə ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ± ɛɭɪɤɧɭʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± əɤ ɜɚɲɚ ɩɪɚɫɬɭɞɚ" ɐɿ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɤɪɵɯɭ" ± Ɇɚɛɵɰɶ ɧɹ ɥɟɩɟɣ ± Ɉɣ ɡɚɛɵɥɚɫɹ« Ʉɚɠɭɯ ɠɚ ɜɚɦ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɩɪɵɧɟɫɶɰɿ ± Ȼɵɥɨ ɛ ɞɨɛɪɚ ± ɤɚɠɭɯ ± Ⱥ ɬɚɛɚɱɤɭ ɧɟ ɬɨɝɨ" ɇɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɚɪɚɥɢɫɶ" ± ɰɿɯɿɦ ɝɨɥɚ ɫɚɦ ɡɜɚɠɥɿɜɚ ɩɚɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ± Ɉɣ ɞɵɤ ɧɹɦɚ ɠ ɏɚɞɡɿɥɚ ɩɚ ɝɚɪɨɞɚɯ ± ɧɹɦɚ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɿ ɫɚɦɚɫɟɣɤɿ ± ɫɩɚɯɚɩɿɥɚɫɹ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ± Ⱦɚ ɚ" ɇɭ ɱɬɨ ɠ ɩɨɬɟɪɩɢɦ ɉɪɚɜɞɚ ɟɮɪɟɣɬɨɪ" ± ə ɹ ± ɡ ɝɚɬɨʆɧɚɫɶɰɸ ɚɡɜɚʆɫɹ ɏɨɥɶɰ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɨɣ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɚɫɺɪɛɚʆɫɹ ɡɚɰɿɪɤɿ ɿ ɧɟʆɡɚ ɛɚɜɟ ʆɡɹʆɫɹ ɚɛɰɿɪɚɰɶ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɚɦ ɛɿɧɬɭ ɫɜɚɸ ɛɟɥɭɸ ɥɵɠɤɭ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɞɚ ɱɵɝɭɧɚ ɡɶɧɹɦɨɝɥɚ ɩɪɵɫɭɧɭʆɫɹ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ Ɂɚɰɿɪɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɜɿɧɚ ɺɧ ɞɨɛɪɚ ʆɜɟɞɚʆ ɹɟ ɫɦɚɤ ɭ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɝɚɥɚɞɧɚɜɚɬɵɦ ɠɵɰɶɰɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɯɜɚɪɨɛɚ ɩɚɧɿɲ ɱɵɥɚ ʆ ɿɦ ɿ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɝɨɥɚɞɭ ɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɬɪɨɯ ɥɵ ɠɚɤ ɺɧ ɡɶɟɫɶɰɿ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɍɠɨ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɞɡɺɧ ɧɹ ɥɟɡɥɚ ʆ ɝɨɪɥɚ ɧɿɹɤɚɹ ɟɠɚ ɧɟ ɩɚɣɲɥɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɿ ɡɚɰɿɪɤɚ ± ɍɫɺ Ȼɨɥɶɲ ɧɟ ɦɚɝɭ« ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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± Ɉɣ ɞɵɤ ɹɤ ɠɚ ɜɵ ɛɟɡ ɹɞɵ" ± ɝɚɪɨɬɧɚ ɡɦɨɪɲɱɵɥɚ ɬɜɚɪɵɤ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ± ɏɚɣ ɜɭɧɶ ɬɨɣ« ɞɚɹɞɚɟ ± ɤɿʆɧɭʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɚ ɧɟɦ ɰɚ ɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɫɩɵɬɚɥɚ ± Ɇɨɠɚ ɿ ɩɪɚʆɞɚ ± ɞɚɹɫɶɰɺ" əɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ɧɚ ɞɡɿɜɚ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɡ ɝɚɬɨʆɧɚɫɶɰɸ ɞɚɫɬɚʆ ɫɜɚɸ ɥɵɠɤɭ Ɂɚ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɚʆ ɺɧ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɚɩɚ ɪɚɠɧɿʆ ɱɵɝɭɧ ± ɪɷɲɬɭ ɫɬɚɪɚɧɧɚ ɜɵɫɤɪɚɛ ɩɚ ɛɟɪɚɝɚɯ ± ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɧɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɿ ɚɞɦɵɜɚɰɶ ± ɇɭ ɿ ɞɨɛɪɚ ± ɡɚɞɚɜɨɥɟɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ± ɉɚɣ ɞɭ ɤɚɠɭɯ ɜɚɦ ɩɪɵɧɹɫɭ ɐɿ ɦɨɠɚ ɭɜɟɱɚɪɵ" ɏɚɥɟɪɚ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɤɚɛ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɿɰɵɹɧɬɚʆ ɧɟ ɧɚɥɟɡɶɰɿ ± ɇɢ ɜ ɤɨɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɋɥɵɲɶ ɋɟɪɚɮɢɦɚ" ± ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨ ɠɵʆɫɹ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ± Ⱦɵɤ ɹ ɠ ɩɚɧɿɦɚɸ ɒɬɨ ɠ ɹ ɦɚɥɚɹ« ± ȼɨɬ ɜɨɬ Ⱥ ɢɧɚɱɟ ɜɫɟɦ ɤɪɵɲɤɚ ɂ ɬɟɛɟ ɧɟ ɩɨɡɞɨɪɨ ɜɢɬɫɹ ± ə ɠ ɚɤɭɪɚɬɧɚ Ⱥɝɥɹɞɚɸɫɹ ʆɫɺ Ʉɚɛ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ± ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɋɩɚɫɢɛɨ ɬɟɛɟ ɦɢɥɚɹ ɠɟɧɳɢɧɤɚ ± ɩɪɚ ɧɿɤɧɺɧɚ ɜɵɦɚɜɿʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɿ ʆ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɿ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɬɧɚ ɡɚɪɭ ɠɚɜɟɥɿɫɹ ɲɱɨɤɿ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɯɜɚɥɿɥɿ ɹɟ ɧɹɱɚɫɬɚ ʆ ɠɵɰɶɰɿ ɬɵɦ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɧɟɡɧɚɺɦɵɹ ɦɭɠɱɵɧɵ ɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɬɚɹ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚɜɚ ɩɚɯɜɚɥɚ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɤɪɚɧɭɥɚ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɭ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɡɚɝɚɪɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɚɧɭɱɭ ɩɭɫɬɵ ɱɵɝɭɧ ɿ ɩɪɵɝɧɭʆ ɲɵɫɹ ɩɚɥɟɡɥɚ ɞɚ ɜɵɯɚɞɭ Ɂɚ ɺɣ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɫɱɚɤɚʆɲɵ ɜɵɛɪɚʆɫɹ ɹɮɪɷ ɣɬɚɪ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚ ʆ ɲɬɨɫ ɶɰɿ ɡɚ ɫɹɪɨɞɠɚ ɧɚ ɞɭɦɚ ɸɱɵ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɩɚɞ ɫɶɰɹɧɨɣ ɍ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ʆɜɨɝɭɥɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɹ ɯɨɥɚɞɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɡ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɩɚɜɹɜɚɥɚ ɜɟɬɪɚɦ ɚ ɬɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɰɿɲɧɚ ɿ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɬɪɵɦɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɚɟ ɡɚ ɧɨɱ ɥɸɞɫɤɨɟ ɰɹɩɥɨ Ɂɚɫɬɚʆɲɵɫɹ ʆɞɜɨɯ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɚɜɹɪɧɭʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɭ ɞɚ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚ ± Ȭɧ ± ɤɭɞɵ" ± Ʉɬɨ" ± ɇɟɦɟɰ ȼɵɣɲɚʆ ± ɤɭɞɵ" ± Ⱥ ɯɨɬɶ ɛɵ ɤɭɞɚ ɇɚɦ ɤɚɤɨɟ ɞɟɥɨ" ± ɧɹ ɧɚɞɬɚ ɡɜɚɠɥɿɜɚ ɚɞɤɚɡɚʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ± ȼɵ ɧɟ ɛɚɿɰɺɫɹ" ± ɫɱɚɤɚʆɲɵ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± Ⱥ ɱɟɝɨ ɦɧɟ ɛɨɹɬɶɫɹ" ɑɟɝɨ ɭɠ ɦɧɟ ɬɨ ɛɨɹɬɶɫɹ" ± ɡ ɝɨɪɵɱɱɭ ɡɚɝɚɦɚɧɿʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ 76
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
± Ⱥ ɲɬɨ ɜɵɣɞɡɟ ɿ ɝɪɚɧɚɬɭ ɫɸɞɵ ɐɿ ɡ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɭ" ± Ɂɚɱɟɦ" ± Ɂɚɱɵɦ" ɇɭ ɜɟɞɚɟɰɟ« ɇɟɦɟɰ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɬɚɤɿ ± ɑɟɪɬ ɫ ɧɢɦ ɱɬɨ ɧɟɦɟɰ ± ɜɵɥɚɹʆɫɹ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ± Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɟɦɭ ɫɦɵɫɥ ± ɝɪɚɧɚɬɭ Ɉɧ ɛɵ ɦɨɝ ɦɟɧɹ ± ɢɡ ɩɢɫɬɨɥɟɬɚ ȼ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɠɟ ɧɨɱɶ ɇɨ ɜɟɞɶ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɪɟɥɢɥ ɇɚɜɟɪɧɨ ɧɟɬ ɢɧ ɬɟɪɟɫɚ ɋɚɦ ɜ ɡɚɩɚɞɧɟ ɂ ɨɧ ɢ ɹ ɢ ɬɵ ɬɨɠɟ Ɋɚɡɜɟ ɧɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɧɨ" Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɡɦɨʆɱɚʆ ± ɺɧ ɧɟ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɩɪɚɞɚʆɠɚɰɶ ɬɚɤɭɸ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɭ ɛɨ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɚɞɦɚʆɥɹʆɫɹ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɩɪɨ ɫɬɵɹ ɪɷɱɵ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɧɹ ɱɚɫ ɛɵʆ ɬɥɭɦɚɱɵɰɶ ɿɯ ɝɷɬɚ ɦɭ ʆɩɚɪɬɚɦɭ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɭ ± ɿɯɧɸɸ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɭ ɦɨɝ ɩɚɱɭɰɶ ɧɟ ɦɟɰ Ʉɚɥɿ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɱɭʆ ɡ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ" Ʉɚɥɿ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɜɹɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɹɧɵ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɧɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɵɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɯ ɛɵ ɿ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɦɚʆɥɹɥɿ ɿ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɛɚɞɡɺɪɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɞɚ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚ ɠɚɪɬɨʆɧɚ ɩɚɰɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɞɚɥɿ ɤɚɬɧɵɹ ɩɚɥɶɰɵ ± ɇɭ ɛɭɞɟɦ ɧɟɦɧɨɠɤɨ« ɥɟɱɢɬɶ" ɉɨɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɜɚɲ ɝɥɚ ɡɚ Ȼɨɥɧɨ" ± ɇɢɱɟɝɨ ɫɧɨɫɧɨ Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɨɛɨɣɞɟɬɫɹ« ɋɥɭɲɚɣ ɟɮ ɪɟɣɬɨɪ ɬɵ ɛɵ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɬɚɛɚɱɤɭ ɪɚɡɞɨɛɵɥ« ɇɭ ɩɭɤ ɩɭɤ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɲɶ" ɋɢɝɚɪɟɬɤɭ ± ɐɢɝɚɪɟɬɬɟɧ" ɇɢɤɫ ɰɢɝɚɪɟɬɬɟɧ ± ɪɚɡɶɜɺʆ ɪɭɤɚɦɿ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ± Ⱥ ɬɵ ɩɨɢɳɢ Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɝɞɟ ɭɛɢɬɵɣ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɲɶ" Ⱥ" əɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ɧɚɯɦɭɪɵʆ ɛɟɥɵ ɥɨɛ ɩɚɞ ɩɿɥɨɬɤɚɣ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɿ ɥɹɫɧɭʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɺɝɧɚɯ ± Ʉɚɪɚɲɨ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɢɞɟɬ ɩɨɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ± ɋɯɨɞɢ ɞɚ Ⱥɜɨɫɶ ɝɞɟ ɧɢɛɭɞɶ ɩɨɩɚɞɟɬɫɹ Ⱥ ɬɨ ɩɨɧɢ ɦɚɟɲɶ ɭɲɢ ɩɭɯɧɭɬ ɬɚɤ ɤɭɪɢɬɶ ɯɨɱɟɬɫɹ Ɂɝɪɷɛɲɵ ɡ ɞɨɥɭ ɫɜɚɸ ɩɥɚɲɱ ɩɚɥɚɬɤɭ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ɜɵ ɥɟɡ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ Ɂ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɹɤ ɺɧ ɬɚɦ ɫɶɩɹɪ ɲɚ ɚɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɫɹ ± ɭ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɛɨɤ ɡɚɬɵɦ ɭ ɞɪɭɝɿ ± ɿ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɡɶɧɿɤ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɍ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɡɪɚɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɰɿɯɚ ɿ ɛɵɥɨ ɱɭɜɚɰɶ ɹɤ ɞɡɟɫɶ ɥɹ ʆɜɚɯɨɞɭ ɲɚɪɝɚɰɟʆ ɛɵɥɶɧɹɝɨɦ ɜɟɰɟɪ ± ȼɵ ɞɭɦɚɟɰɟ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɟ ɩɚ ɪɭɫɤɭ" ± ɰɿɯɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± Ʉɬɨ" ɇɟɦɟɰ" ȼɩɨɥɧɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɤɨɟ ɱɬɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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± Ⱦɵɤ ɹɤ ɠɚ ɬɚɤ" ± ɱɚɝɨɫɶɰɿ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɫɶɰɹɦɿɰɶ Ⱦɡɟɦɿ ɞɨɜɿɱ əɝɨ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɚɛɭɪɚɥɿ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɟɡɭɜɚɠɧɵɹ ɚɞɧɨɫɿɧɵ ɝɷ ɬɚɝɚ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚ ɞɚ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɰɹɝɧɭɥɚ ɪɚɫɩɚɱɚɰɶ ɫɭɪ¶ɺɡɧɭɸ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɭ ± Ⱥ ɱɬɨ ± ɤɚɤ ɠɟ" Ɉɧ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɦɧɟ ɤɭɪɟɜɚ ɩɪɢɧɟɫɟɬ Ɍ ɵ ɠɟ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɧɟɫɟɲɶ ɩɪɚɜɞɚ" ± ɥɺɝɤɚ ɝɚɜɚɪɵʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ± Ȭɧ ɦɨɠɚ ɩɚɥɿɰɵɸ ɩɪɵɜɟɫɶɰɿ Ⱥɛɨ ɫɜɚɿɯ« ± ɇɭ ɢ ɱɟɪɬ ɫ ɧɢɦ ȿɫɥɢ ɬɚɤɨɣ« ɂɥɢ ɡɚ ɫɜɨɸ ɠɢɡɧɶ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɟɲɶ" ± ɧɟɲɬɚ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆɲɵ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ± Ⱥ ɜɵ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɜɚɟɰɟ" ± ə ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɸ ə ɭɠɟ ɜɫɺ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɥ ɤ ɬɜɨɟɦɭ ɫɜɟ ɞɟɧɢɸ ± Ⱥɥɟ ɝɷɬɚ ± ɧɟ ɩɪɵɱɵɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɵ ɩɿɥɶɧɚɫɶɰɿ ± ɑ ɟɝɨ ɱɟɝɨ" ± ɉɿɥɶɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɇɭ ± ɛɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ɍ ɵɹ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚɜɵ ɫɥɨɜɵ ɜɿɞɚɜɨɱɧɚ ɿ ɹɤ ɦɚɟ ɛɵɰɶ ɭɤɚɥɨɥɿ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚ ɺɧ ɪɵʆɤɨɦ ɩɚɞɧɹʆɫɹ ɿ ɫɟʆ ɩɚɞ ɫɶɰɹɧɨɣ ± Ɉ ɱ ɟɦ ɜɫɩɨɦɧɢɥ Ƚɞɟ ɠɟ ɜɵ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɛɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɚɧɶ ɲɟ ɛɵɥɢ" Ʉɚɤ ɜ Ʉɪɟɦɥɟ ɫ Ɋɢɛɛɟɧɬɪɨɩɨɦ ɰɟɥɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ" Ʉɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɝ ɷɬɚɤ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɩɟɪɚɯɨɞɡɿʆ ɧɚ ɪɵɡɵɤɨɜɵɹ >ɫɥɨ ɜɵ@ ɲɬɨ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɭɧɭɬɪɚɧɚ ɩɚɦɨɪɲɱɵʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɬɚɤɿɯ ɪɚɡ ɦɨɜɚʆ ɧɟ ɥɸɛɿʆ ɚɞ ɿɯ ɡɚʆɠɞɵ ɜɟɹɥɚ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɚɣ ɉɟɪɲ ɱɵɦ ɚɞɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɺɧ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɚɥɟ ɚɞɤɚɡɚʆ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɬɚɤ ɹɤ ɿ ɧɚɥɟɠɚɥɚ ɚɞɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɭ ɬɚɤɿɯ ɜɵɩɚɞɤɚɯ ± Ʉɚɥɿ ɰɚɥɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɞɵɤ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɩɚɥɿɬɵɤɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɍ ɿɧɬɚɪɷɫɚɯ ɞɡɹɪɠɚɜɵ ± ɗɬɨ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɵ" ɇɟ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɥɢ" ± ɇɭ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɧɚɲɚɣ ± Ⱥɯ ɧɚɲɟɣ ȼɨ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɷɬɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɛɨɤɨɦ ɢ ɜɵɥɟɡɚ ɸɬ ɑ ɟɪɟɡ ɬɟɯ ɭɦɧɢɤɨɜ ± ɇɟ ɥɿɱɵɰɟ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɦ ɞɭɪɧɟɣɲɵɹ ɡɚ ɜɚɫ ± ə ɧɟ ɥɢɱɭ ɇɚɜɟɪɧɨɟ ɩɨɭɦɧɟɟ ɇɨ ɜɨɬ ɤɚɤɨɟ ɞɟɥɨ ɉɨɱɟɦɭ ɩɪɢ ɢɯ ɭɦɟ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɩɨɞ Ɇɨɫɤɜɭ ɬɨɩɚɸɬ" Ⱥ ɹ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɜɚɥɹɸɫɶ ɋɥɟɩɨɣ Ɍ ɟɩɟɪɶ ɨɧɢ ɱɬɨ ɥɢ ɦɧɟ ɫɜɨɢ ɝɥɚɡɚ ɜɫɬɚ ɜɹɬ" Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɥɟɠɚɱɵ ʆ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɤɭɰɟ ɚ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɭɠɨ ɥɟɝɱɵ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɿʆ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ 78
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɧɚɛɚɥɟɥɵ ɦɚɡɨɥɶ ɿ ɺɧ ɡɚɝɚɜɚɪɵʆ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɡ ɚɞɱɚɟɦ ɭ ɝ ɨɥɚɫɟ ± Ȼɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɇɚ ɝɥɚɡɚɯ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɦɢɪɚ Ƚɢɬɥɟɪ ɨɛɞɭ ɪɢɜɚɥ ± ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟ ɜɢɞɟɥɢ Ⱥ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɫɬɚɥɨ ɜɢɞɧɨ ɫ ɤɨɝɨ ɜɡɵɫɤɚɬɶ" Ɉɧ ɠɟ ɛɟɡɝɪɟɲɟɧ ɢ ɝɟɧɢɚɥɟɧ ɜɨ ɜɟɤɢ ɜɟ ɤɨɜ Ⱥ Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɣ ɚɪɦɢɢ ɨɬɞɭɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɡɚ ɷɬɭ ɟɝɨ ɝɟɧɢɚɥɶ ɧɨɫɬɶ ɋɜɨɟɣ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɫɦɵɜɚɟɬ ɟɝɨ ɜɫɟɫɜɟɬɧɭɸ ɝ ɥɭɩɨɫɬɶ ɑɬɨɛɵ ɨɧ ɛɵɥ ɛɟɡɝɪɟɲɟɧ ɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧ ɤɚɤ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ± ȼɵ ɝɷɬɚ ɩɪɚ ɤɚɝɨ" ± ɡ ɠɚɯɚɦ ɚɛɦɺɪ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± ɉɪɨ ɤɨɝɨ" Ɂɧɚɟɲɶ ɩɪɨ ɤɨɝɨ ± ɇɭ ɡɧɚɟɰɟ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɿ ɡɦɨʆɤ Ȭɧ ɛɵʆ ɚɛɭɪɚɧɵ ɿ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɡɶɛɹɧɬɷɠɚɧɵ ± ɬɚɤɨɝɚ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɱɚɤɚʆ Ƚɷɬɵ ɫɶɥɹɩɵ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɲɬɨ ɤɚɡɚʆ ȱ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɛɵʆ ɡɦɭɲɚɧɵ ɫɥɭɯɚɰɶ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ± Ɍ ɚɤɨɝɚ ɹ ɚɞ ɜɚɫ ɧɟ ɱɚɤɚʆ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɱɭɬɧɚ ± ȼɵ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɿ ʆ ɧɚɲɭɸ ɩɟɪɚɦɨɝɭ ɧɹ ɜɟɪɵɰɟ" ɒɬɨ ɧɚɲɵɹ ɜɟɪɧɭɰɰɚ" ± ə ɜɟɪɸ ɱɬɨ ɧɚɲɢ ɜɟɪɧɭɬɫɹ ± ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ± ɇɨ ɹ ɭɠɟ ɤ ɧɢɦ ɧɟ ɜɟɪɧɭɫɶ ɜɨɬ ɜ ɱɟɦ ɛɟɞɚ Ⱦɚɠɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɢ ɜɵɠɢɜɭ ə ɭɠɟ ɧɟ ɬɨɬ Ɍ ɨɬ ɛɵɥ ɡɪɹɱɢɣ ɚ ɹ ɫɥɟɩɟɰ ± ɇɟɥɶɝɚ ɠ ɬɚɤ ɭɫɺ ɩɪɚ ɫɹɛɟ ± Ⱥ ɩɪɨ ɤɨɝɨ ɠɟ ɟɳɟ" ɍ ɦɟɧɹ ɫɟɦɶɢ ɧɟɬ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɬɨɠɟ ə ɜ ɞɟɬɞɨɦɟ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɵɜɚɥɫɹ ɂ ɹ ɢɫɤɚɥɟɱɟɧ ɧɚɜɟɤɢ ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɹ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɧ ɗɬɨ ɬɵ ɞɭɦɚɟɲɶ ɤɚɤ ɬɟɛɟ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɪɚɣɤɨɦɨɦ ɜɵɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɫɹ ɨɩɪɚɜɞɚɬɶɫɹ ɯɨɬɹ ɛɵ ɡɚ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɇɚɜɟɪɧɨɟ ɠɟ ɭɛɢɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɬɵ ɧɟ ɫɦɨɠɟɲɶ ± ɨɪɭɠɢɹ ɧɟɬ Ⱥ ɨɧ ɜɨɬ ɬɟɛɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜ ɞɜɚ ɫɱɟɬɚ Ⱥ ɧɟ ɭɛɢɜɚ ɟɬ Ɍ ɵ ɡɚɞɚɜɚɥɫɹ ɦɵɫɥɶɸ ɩɨɱɟɦɭ" ± Ɇɨɠɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɿ ɡɚɛ¶ɟ ± ɰɿɯɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± Ⱥɞ ɤɭɥɶ ɹ ɜɟɞɚɸ ± ɇɟ ɭɛɶɟɬ ± ɭɩɷʆɧɟɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ± Ɉɧ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɫ ɧɚɦɢ ɩɨɜɹɡɚɧ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɜɟɪɟɜɨɱɤɨɣ ɂɛɨ ɜɫɟ ɦɵ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɧɟ ɭɞɚɱɧɢɤɢ ɂ ɜɵɩɚɥɢ ɢɡ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ Ɇɵ ɢɡ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɨɧ ɢɡ ɫɜɨɟɣ Ɇɵ ± ɛɪɚɤ Ⱥ ɛɪɚɤ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɤɭɞɚ ± ɧɚ ɫɜɚɥɤɭ ± əɤ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɪɚɤ" ± ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ± Ɍɚɤ ɜɵ ɩɪɚ ɫɹɛɟ ɦɨɠɚɰɟ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ Ⱥ ɹ ɧɟ ɬɚɤɿ ə ɩɚɥɿɬɵɱɧɚ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɚ ɦɹɧɸɫɹ ± Ɇɨɠɟɲɶ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹ Ɂɚɬɨ ɤ ɬɟɛɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɹɬɫɹ ± ə ɹɲɱɷ ɦɨɠɚ ɩɚɩɪɚʆɥɸɫɹ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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79
± ȼɩɨɥɧɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɂ ɞɨɠɞɟɲɶɫɹ ɧɚɲɢɯ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɨ ɱɬɨ ɬɵ ɜ ɚɧɤɟɬɟ ɧɚɩɢɲɟɲɶ" ɇɚɜɟɪɧɨɟ ɠɟ ɩɪɢɞɟɬɫɹ ɚɧɤɟɬɭ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ" Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɡɚɦɟɫɬ ɚɞɤɚɡɭ ɜɚ ʆɫɟ ɜɨɱɵ ɧɟɞɚʆɦɟɧɧɚ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚ ɡɚɛɿɧɬɚɜɚɧɵ ɧɟɹɤ ɡɚɞɪɚɧɵ ʆɝɚɪɭ ɩɚɞɛɚɪɨɞɞɡɟɦ ɬɜɚɪ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚ ± ɇɚ ɨɤɤɭɩɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɛɵɥ" Ȼɵɥ ɋ ɧɟ ɦɟɰɤɢɦ ɮɚɲɢɫɬɨɦ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɢɦɟɥ" ɂɦɟɥ ȿɫɬɶ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɢ ɋɤɪɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɭɞɚɫɬɫɹ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɪɵɝɧɟɱɚɧɚ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɋɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɠɚ ɩɪɚ ʆɫɺ ɬɨɟ ɩɪɵɣɞɡɟɰɰɚ ʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɱɚɫ ɧɚɩɿɫɚɰɶ ɪɚɫɬɥɭɦɚ ɱɵɰɶ ± ɰɿ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɸɰɶ ɬɚɞɵ ɹɝɨ" ɐɿ ɺɧ ɡɜɚɥɿɰɶ ɭɫɺ ɧɚ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɫɶɥɹɩɨɝɚ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚ Ʉɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɫɶɥɹɩɵ ɚɥɟ ɠ ɬɵ ɫɤɚ ɠɭɰɶ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɛɵʆ ɜɿɞɭɲɱɵ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɡ ɤɿɦ ɫɩɚʆ ɭ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ" ɑɨɪɬ ɛ ɵ ɹɝɨ ʆɡɹʆ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɩɚɧɵɥɚ ɪɚɡɜɚɠɚʆ Ⱦɡɟ ɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɿ ɚɞɤɭɥɶ ɺɧ ɡɜɚɥɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɿɯɧɸɸ ɝɚɥɚɜɭ" ɒɬɨ ɹɦɭ ɬɭɬ ɬɪɷɛɚ" ɑɚɝɨ ɺɧ ɬɵɪɱɵɰɶ ɤɚɥɹ ɿɯ ɧɹ ɣɞɡɟ ɧɿɤɭɞɵ" ɏɨɰɶ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɯɨɰɶ ɞɚ ɮɪɨɧɬɭ ɤɚɛ ɡɞɚɰɰɚ ʆ ɩɚɥɨɧ ɤɚɥɿ ɬɚɤɿ ± ɡ ɛɪɚɤɚɦ Ɍ ɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɝɿɫɬɨɪɵɹ ɧɟ ɚɛɵɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɞɥɹ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɺɧ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɜɨɫɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ" Ȼɵʆ ɛɵ ɡɞɚɪɨɜɵ ɧɿ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɵ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɛ ɬɭɬ ɡ ɧɟɦɰɚɦ ɞɵ ɡ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɜɚɪ¶ɹɰɤɿɦ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧɚɦ ɹɤɨɦɭ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɠɨ ɱɚɝɨ ɝɭɛɥɹɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɜɨɡɶɦɟɲ ɫɚ ɫɶɥɹɩɨɝɚ" Ⱥɥɟ ɠ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɦɨɝ ɡɝɭɛɿɰɶ ɭɫɺ Ɍ ɚɤɿɦ ɩɨɬɚɦ ɧɚɠɵɬɨɟ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɧɿɱɵɦ ɧɟ ɡɚɩɥɹɦɥɟɧɚɟ« Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɜɵɤɚɡɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɩɪɚ ɧɚɛɚɥɟɥɚɟ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɡɦɨʆɤ ɿ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɧɟɦɰɚ Ⱦɭɠɚ ɯɚɰɟɥɚɫɹ ɤɭɪɵɰɶ ɿ ɺɧ ɫɹɛɟ ɰɟɲɵʆ ɬɵɦ ɲɬɨ ɤɚɥɿ ɹɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ ɞɨʆɠɵɰɰɚ ɞɵɤ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɲɭɤɚɟ Ⱥɜɨɫɶ ɩɪɵɧɹɫɟ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɜɟɞɚɦɚ ɠ ɠɚɧ ɱɵɧɚ ɹɧɚ ɧɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɞɛɚɟ ɩɪɚ ɯɚɪɱ ɰɿ ɹɧɚ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɟ ɲɬɨ ɦɭɠɵɤɭ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɡɚ ɯɚɪɱ ɛɵɜɚɟ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɧɚ ɡɚɤɭɪɵɰɶ" Ȼɹɡ ɯɚɪɱɭ ɹɲɱɷ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɩɪɚɠɵɰɶ ɚ ɜɨɫɶ ɛɟɡ ɬɚɛɚɤɿ« ɇɚ Ⱦɡɟ ɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɧɟ ɡɥɚɜɚʆ ± ɬɚɤɿɯ ɛɚɹɤ ɩɟɪɚɫɬɪɚɯɨʆ ɲɱɵɤɚʆ ɡɚ ɫɜɚɺ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɩɟɪɚɛɚɱɵʆ ɧɹɦɚɥɚ əɧɵ ɧɚ ɫɥɨɜɚɯ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɞɛɚɸɰɶ ɩɪɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɿɹ ɿɧɬɚɪɷɫɵ ɞɡɹɪɠɚ ɜɵ ɩɪɵɤɿɞɜɚɸɰɰɚ ɤɚɦɟɧɧɵɦɿ ɚɪɬɚɞɨɤɫɚɦɿ ɚ ɫɚɦɿ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ 80
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɛɚɹɰɰɚ ɏɿɛɚ ɺɧ ɫɚɦ ɭɫɺ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɛɵʆ ɧɟ ɬɚɤɿ ɦɚɥɚ ɛɚɹʆ ɫɹ" Ɂɪɷɲɬɵ ɱɚɫ ɚɞ ɱɚɫɭ ɩɚɥɨɯɚɥɿ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɱɚɝɨ ɿ ɛɚɹɰɰɚ ȼɨɫɶ ɿ ɝɷɬɵ ɪɚɣɤɚɦɚɜɟɰ ɹɤ ɩɚɱɭʆ ɩɪɚ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɹɝɨ ɧɚɩɷʆɧɚ ɱ ɚɤɚɟ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɩɪɚɝɥɵɧɭʆ ɹɡɵɤ Ⱥ ɬɨ ± ɿɧɬɚɪɷ ɫɵ ɞɡɹɪɠɚɜɵ ɪɚɡɭɦɧɚɟ ɤɿɪɚʆɧɿɰɬɜɚ« Ɋɷɲɬɭ ɬɚɝɨ ɞɧɹ ɹɧɵ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɬɨ ɞɪɚ ɦɚʆ ɬɨ ɩɪɚɱɵɧɚʆɫɹ ɉɟɪɚɞ ɜɟɱɚɪɚɦ ɩɪɵɛɟɝɥɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦ ɤɚ ɩɪɵɧɟɫɥɚ ɤɚɠɭɯ ɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɡɚɝɚɪɧɭʆɫɹ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɋɬɚɥɚ ɤɭɞɵ ɥɟɩɲ ɿ ɺɧ ɯɜɚɪɚɜɿɬɚ ɿ ɤɜɟɥɚ ɡɚɫɧɭʆ ɋɟ ɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɲɬɨ ʆɧɚɱɵ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɩɹɱɵ ɯɥɟɛ ɪɚɧɿɱɤɚɣ ɩɪɵɧɹɫɟ ɬɚɞɵ ɿɦ ɝɨɥɚɞ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɧɹ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɵ Ⱥ ɧɟɦɰɚ ʆɫɺ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɿ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɵɰɰɚ ɰɿ ɧɹ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɿɦ ɲɬɨ ɤɟɩɫɤɚɟ" Ⱥ ɦɨɠɚ ɩɚɛɟɝ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ" ɍɫɺ ɦɚɝɥɨ ɛɵɰɶ Ȭɧ ɭ ɠɨ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɧɚ ɜɚɣɧɟ ɯɚɩɚɥɚ ʆɫɹɝɨ ɩɚɞ ɫɚɦɭɸ ɡɚɜɹɡɤɭ« > ɇɨɯɟɦ @ >ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ@ ɪɚɧɿɱɤɚɣ ɛɟɝɥɚ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ ɿ ɧɚɩɚɬɤɚɥɚ ɇɨɯɟ ɦɚ ɜɵɥɟɡ ɡ ɹɦɵ ɧɚɩɚɥɨɯɚʆ ɹɟ ɍ ɛɹɥɿɡɶɧɟ Ɋɚɫɤɚɡɜɚɟ ʆɫɺ ɩɪɚ >ɠɨɧɤɭ@ ɐɵɥɸ ɉɪɵɜɹɥɚ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ «! ɇɨɯɟɦ ɮɚɬɨɝɪɚɮ Ɂ ɦɹɫɬɷɱɤɚ ɍ ɹɝɨ ɐɵɥɹ ɿ ɞɜɨɟ ɫɬɚɪɵɯ ɿ ɞɜɨɟ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɍɫɿɯ ɩɚɫɬɪɚɥɹɥɿ Ȭɧ ɜɵɥɟɡ ɡ ɹɦɵ Ɍɪɨɯɿ ɱɨɤɧɭɬɵ Ɍɨ ɩɥɚɱɚ ɬɨ ɫɶɦɹɟɰɰɚ ³ɒɬɨ ɦɧɟ ɜɚɲɚ ɩɚɛɟɞɚ ´ ɍ ɹɝɨ ɬɪɵ ɫɵɧɵ ɜɭɱɵɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɫɬɚɥɿɰɚɯ ɧɚ ɥɺɬɱɵɤɚ ɿɧɠɵɧɟ ɪɚ ɤɿɧɚɚɩɟɪɚɬɚɪɚ Ȭɧ ɩɪɚɰɚɜɚʆ ɚɥɟ ɛɵʆ ɡɚɞɚɜɨɥɟɧɵ «! > Ʉɚɱɚɧ @ ± əɮɪɷɣɬɚɪ >ɧɟɦɟɰ@ ɭ ɜɺɫɰɵ Ⱦɚɫɬɚɟ ɩɚɱɚɤ ɦɚɯɨɪɤɿ ɏɚɪɨ ɲɵ ɞɡɟɞ Ȼɵʆ ɭ ɬɭɸ >ɜɚɣɧɭ@ ± ɭ ɩɚɥɨɧɟ Ⱦɚʆ ± ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɹɱɷ ɯɥɟɛ ɋɬɪɚɯ ɋɶɩɹɤɥɚ ɉɪɵɥɟɝɥɚ ɇɟɞɡɟ ɛɚɯ ɛɚɯ «! ɥɹ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɍ ɛɭɥɶɛɹɧɿɲɱɵ Ɂɚɫɧɭɥɚ <…> ɇɚɡɚʆɬɪɚ >ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ@ ɛɹɠɵɰɶ ɩɚɪɚɫɶɧɿɤɚɦɿ ȱ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ Ʉɚɱɚɧ «! ɉɚʆɡɟ ɉɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ʆ ɧɨɝɿ «! ɉɚɩɪɚɫɿʆɫɹ ɪɚ ɬɭɣ ɞɚɦ ɡɨɥɚɬɚ «! ɉɪɵɛɹɝɚɟ ʆ ɡɹɦɥɹɧɤɭ Ɂ ɧɟɦɰɚɦ ɩɪɵ ɧɨɫɹɰɶ Ʉɚɱɚɧɚ «! ɍ ɬɚɝɨ ɫɚɥɚ Ⱦɚɰɹɝɧɭɥɚ ɞɚ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɥɚ ɉɪɵɰɹɝɧɭɥɚ ɡ ɧɟɦɰɚɦ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɹɟ ɩɚɦɨɱɧɿɤ «! Ⱥɥɟ ɚɞɤɭɥɶ ɡɨɥɚɬɚ" ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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Ʉɚɱɚɧ Ȼɚɰɶɤɭ ɹɝɨ ɪɚɫɤɭɥɚɱɵɥɿ ʆ > ɦ@ ɇɟɦɰɵ ɹɝɨ ɡɪɚɛɿɥɿ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɟɦ Ⱥɥɟ ɺɧ ɭɰɺɤ Ʉɭɞɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ" ³əɤ ɠɵɰɶ ɱɷɫɧɚɦɭ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɭ" ə ɧɿɤɨɦɭ ɧɟ ɯɚɱɭ ɫɥɭɠɵɰɶ ə ɫɚɦ ɩɚ ɫɚɛɟ´ ± Ʌɿɱɵɰɶ ɛɹɞɚ ɩɚɱɚɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɉɪɚɤɥɹɬɚɣ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɹɤɭɸ ɞɚɥɿ ɿɦ ɧɚ ɟɞɚɤɨʆ ɩɚ ɞɡɟɫɹɰɿɧɵ ʆ ɝ Ȼɚɰɶɤɚ ʆɥɺɝ >ɭ ɩɪɚɰɭ@ ɿ ɫɬɚʆ ɤɭɥɚɤɨɦ ± ɇɟɦɰɵ ɞɚɥɿ ɩɚɜɹɡɤɭ ɛɟɥɶɝɿɣɫɤɭɸ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɭ ɒɬɨ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ" ɉɟɪɲ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɰɶ ɹʆɪɷɹʆ Ȭɧ ɤɿɧɭʆ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɭ ʆ ɫɚɠɚɥɤɭ ɩɚɜɹɡɤɭ ɩɚɜɟɫɿʆ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɬ ɿ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɭ ɩɨɥɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɵɞɡɟɧɶ ɩɚɯɨɞɡɿɰɶ ɡ ɩɚɜɹɡɤɚɣ ɇɨɱɱɭ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɿ ɩɚɞɫɬɪɷɥɿɥɿ ɿ ɺɧ ɩɨʆɡ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɛɟɝɥɚ ɩɚ ɱɭɥɚ ɉɚɣɲɥɚ ɡ ɧɟɦɰɚɦ ɩɪɵɰɹɝɧɭɥɿ Ʉɚɱɚɧ ± ɩɚɥɿɰɚɣ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɩɚɞɫɬɪɷɥɿʆ Ȭɧ ɚɧɬɵɫɟɦɿɬ ɿ ɫɜɨɥɚɱ «! Ⱥɩɟɥɿɪɭɟ ɞɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ Ȼɟɡ ɧɟɦɰɚ ² ɿɧɲɵ ɪɨɡɧɵ ɍ ɡɹɦɥɹɧɰɵ Ⱦɨɩɵɬ Ʉɚɱɚɧɚ Ȼɥɵɬɚɧɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɏɚɞɡɿɰɶ ɧɹ ɦɨɠɚ ɚɥɟ ɪɚɧɚ ɧɹ ɧɚɞɬɚ ± ɭ ɡɚɞ ɫɤɪɭɰɿɥɚ ɧɚɝɭ Ʉɚɱɚɧ ɪɚɫɤɚɡɜɚɟ ɩɪɚ ɫɜɚɺ ɩɚɥɿɰɷɣɫɬɜɚ Ȼɵʆ ɭ ɩɚɥɿɰɵɿ ɚɝɚ Ⱥɪɵɲɬɨʆɜɚɥɿ ɤɚɦɭɧɿɫɬɚʆ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɇɹɞɨɛɪɚ Ɂ ɝɚɧɹɥɿ ɹʆ ɪɷɹʆ ɇɭ ɿ ɲɬɨ" Ⱥ ɱɚɝɨ ɹɧɵ« «! ɉɚɤɭɥɶ ɯɜɨɪɵɹ ɿ ɧɹɦɨɝɥɵɹ ɹɤ ɞɡɟɰɿ ɩɚɫɥɭɯɦɹɧɵɹ Ⱥ ɡɚɬɵɦ ɫɬɵɱɤɿ Ʉɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ± Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɇɨɯɟɦ ± ɧɟɦɟɰ ɍɫɟ ɫɭɩɪɚɰɶ Ʉɚɱɚɧɚ «! > ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ @ «! ɋɩɪɷɱɤɿ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɶɧɟ >±@ ɭ ɬɵɦ ɫɬɪɚ ɬɷɝɿɹ ɋɬɚɥɿɧ ɯɨɱɚ ɡɚɦɚɧɿɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɡɚɬɵɦ ɡɶɧɿɲɱɵɰɶ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ" ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ" ± ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɚɪɝɚɧɿɡɭɟ ɚɯɨɜɭ ɩɿɥɶɧɚɜɚɰɶ ɍɞ ɡɟɧɶ ɫɚɞɡɹɰɶ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɭ Ⱥɞɧɨɣɱɵ ɬɭɬ ɩɚɹʆɥɹɸɰɰɚ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɿ ɋɹɞɡɹɰɶ Ɋɚɬɭɟ ɋ>ɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ@ əɤ" ± Ɇɨ¶ ɹɤ ɭ ȼɚɣɞɵ" >ɇɨɯɟɦ ɡɶɧɿɤɚɟ @ «! ± Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɩɚɩɪɚʆɥɹɰɰɚ Ʉɚɩɿɬɚɧɭ ɝɨɪɲ ȱ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɡɚɫɬɪɷɥɿɰɶ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɤɚɛ ɩɚɦɺɪ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɩɪɚ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɭ« ± ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɪɵɧɟɫɥɚ ɯɥɟɛ Ɋɚɞɚɫɶɰɶ «! 82
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɉɚɱɵɧɚɸɰɶ ɟɫɶɰɿ «! Ⱥ ɬɭɬ ± ɩɚɥɿɰɵɹ« ɉɚɥɿɰɚɿ ɯɨɞɡɹɰɶ ɩɚ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ «! Ɇɚɪɚɞɡɺɪɵ ɍ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ʆɫɟ ɡɚɦɟɪɥɿ «! ɉɚɫɵɥɚɸɰɶ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɭ ɇɚɡɿɪɚɸɰɶ ɞɜɨɟ ɡ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɿ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɜɵɥɟɡɶɥɿ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ ɇɚɡɿɪɚɸɰɶ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɤɚɠɚ ɧɚɞɨ ɩɭɤ ɩɭɤ Ⱦɡ>ɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ@ ± ɧɟ «! ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɿ ɩɪɵɣɲɥɿ ɞɚ ɹɟ ɉɚɥɿɰɚɿ ɫɭɫɬɪɷɥɿ ɹɟ ɧɚ ɫɶɰɟɠ ɰɵ «! Ⱦɡɟ Ʉɚɱɚɧ" ȼɹɞɡɿ «! ɿ ɹɧɚ ɩɚɜɹɥɚ ɿɯ ɭ ɥɟɫ əɤ ɥɟɫ ɫɤɨɧɱɵʆɫɹ ɫɬɚɥɿ Ɍɚɦ ɹɟ ɡɝɜɚɥɰɿɥɿ« «! ȱɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɬɪɨɟ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɚɤ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɭ ɲɵɧɹɥɿ ɿ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɦɚɥɚɞɵ ɛɭɝɚɣ əɧɵ ɡɝɜɚɥɰɿɥɿ ɋ>ɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɭ@ «! əɤ ɡ ɹɟ ɡɧɭɲɱɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɤɚɥɝɚɫɟ ± ɹɤ ɡ ɫɹɫɬɪɵ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɧɚɪɨɞɭ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɪɚɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɜɨ ɞɡɟ ɦɿɪ ɀɵɜɭɰɶ ɭ ɦɿɪɵ ɹɤ ɞɨɛ ɪɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɟ <…> əɧɵ ɹɟ ɧɟ ɡɚɛɿɥɿ* . <…> Ⱥ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɩɪɚ ɹɟ ɦɹɪɤɭɸɰɶ ɤɨɠɧɵ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɟ ɤɚɥɚɤɨɥɶɧɿ Ʉɚɩɿɬɚɧ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɣ >Ʉɚɱɚɧ@ ɧɟɦɟɰ ȿɫɶɰɿ ɧɹɦɚ ɜɚɞɵ ɧɹɦɚ «! ɍ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɝɨɥɚɞ ɏɬɨ ɬɚɤɿ Ʉɚɱɚɧ" Ɋɚɡɦɨɜɚ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɧɟɦɟɰ «! ɏɥɟɛ ɡɶɟɥɿ Ʉ>ɚɩɿɬɚ@ɧ ɡɦɚɪɧɟʆ ɋ >ɟɪɚ ɮɿɦɤɚ@ ɧɹ ɣɞɡɟ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɿɞɡɟ ɤɚɩɚɰɶ ɛɭɥɶɛɭ ɇɨɱɱɭ ɜɚɪɚɰɶ «! ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɩɹɱɷ ɯɥɟɛ ȱ ɭɫɩɚɦɿɧɚɟ ɹɤ ɞɚ ɹɟ ɫɹɫɬɪɵ ȼɇ ɚɞɧɨɫɿɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɤ ɫɟ ɛɨɯɚɧɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɵɥɿ ʆ ɩɟɱɵ ɚ ɹɧɚ ɧɚ ɞɨɫɶɜɿɬɤɭ ɩɚɱɚɥɚ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɰɰɚ ɭ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ ȱ ɬɭɬ ² ɩɚɥɿɰɚɿ ɞɡɟ ɩɥɹɦɟɧɶɧɿɤ" Ʉɭɞɵ ɿɞɡɟɲ" Ɂɚɛɪɚɥɿ ʆ Ɂɚɛɪɨɞɞɡɟ ɉɚɱɚɥɿ ɞɨɩɵ ɬ Ȼɿ ɥɿ ɉɚɫɚɞɡɿɥɿ ʆ ɩɚɞɩɨɥɶɥɟ ɍ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɉɚɧɭɪɚɫɶɰɶ ɿ ɝɨɥɚɞ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɭ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɥɟɩɲ ɍɫɟ ɯɨɱɭɰɶ ɟɫɶɰɿ ² ɑɚɦɭ ɧɟ ɿɞɡɟ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ" ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɧɹ ɦɨɠɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɚ ɜɵ ɜɟɞɚɟɰɟ ɯɬɨ ʆ ɹɟ ɛɪɚɬ" ɉɚɱɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɜɚɪɤɚ ɍ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɡ ɧɚɤɿɞɚʆ ɮɿɧ ɚɥɭ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɭ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɝɜɚɥ ɬɚɜɚɧɶɧɹ ɡɚɛ ɿɜɚɸɰ ɶ ɩɚɥ ɿɰɚɿ ə ɟ ɮɿ ɧɚɥ " ² ɫ ɶɦ ɟ ɪɰɶ ɚɞ ɪ ɭɤ ɉɿɥ ɿɩɺɧɤɚʆ ɩɚɥ ɿɰɚɹʆ *
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² ɏɨɥɶɰ ɜɵɯɨɞɡɿɰɶ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɉɚɞ¶ɹɡɞɠɚɟ ɡ ɚɛɨɡɶɧɿɤɚɦ Ⱥɥɟ ʆ ɦɹɫɬɷɱɤɭ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɡɛɨɱɜɚɟ Ɂɚɯɨɞɡɿ ɰɶ ɭ ɯɚɬɭ ɬɚɦ ɧɹ ɞɚɣ Ȼɨɝ ² ɟɫɶɰɿ ɧɹɦɚ Ɂɞɚɛɵɜɚɟ ɤɚɜɚɥɚɤ ɿ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɩɨɥɟ ² ɭ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ <…> ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɭ ɚɩɨɲɧɿ ɪɚɡ ɩɵɬɚɸɰɶ ȱ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚɸɰɶ əɧɚ ɛɹ ɠɵɰɶ ɞɚɞɨɦɭ ȱ ² ɡ ɯɥɟɛɚɦ ² ɞɚ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɭ Ɍɚɦ ɚɡɿɪɚɟɰɰɚ ² ɡɡɚɞɭ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɿ Ⱥɣ ɛɨɠɚɱɤɿ ɍɛɟɝɥɚ ʆ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɩɚɥɿɰɚɿ Ⱦɭɪɚ Ʉɚɝɨ ɩɪɵɜɹɥɚ ɉɚɥɿ ɰɚɿ ɿɞɭɰɶ ɭ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɫɬɪɚɥɹ ɟ ɋɬɪɚɥɹɟ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɉɚɥɿɰɚɿ ɯɚɜɚɸɰɰɚ ɭɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ©ɏɚɣ ɜɵɣɞɡɟ ɛɚɛɚ ɚɫ ɬɚɬɧɿɯ ɧɹ ɬɪɨɧɟɦ ª ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɚ ɯɪɷɧɚ ɜɚɦ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ ɞɵɤ ɲɬɨ ɠ ɩɚɝɿɛɚɰɶ" ɋɟɪɚɮɿɦɤɚ ɿɞɡɟ <…> Ɍɵɹ ɹɟ ɝ ɜɚɥɰɹɰɶ ȱ ɫɵɯɨɞɡɹɰɶ əɧɚ ɩɥɹɰɟɰɰɚ ɭɝ ɨɪɭ <…> ɍ ɛɥɿɧɞɚɠɵ ɪɚɡɞɨɪ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɏɨɥɶɰ ɉɪɚɝɚɧɹɸɰɶ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱ «! ɡɚɝɪɚɡ ɭ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɲɱɵ əɝɨɧɵɹ ɞɭɦɵ ɬɪɵɡɶɧɟɧɶɧɿ >ɇɟɦɟɰ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɹɝɨ ɲɭɤɚɰɶ Ɂɧɚɣɲɨʆ ɉɪɵɧɺɫ ɧɟɩɪɵɬɨɦɧɚɝɚ @ ɋɶɦɟɪɰɶ Ⱦɡɟɦɿɞɨɜɿɱɚ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɹɝɨ ɯɚɜɚɟ ʆ ɬɪɚɧ ɲɷɿ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɫɵɯɨɞɡɿɰɶ «! ɇɟɦɟɰ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɚɞɱɭɟ ɫɹɛɟ ɜɵɲɷɣ ɲɵɦ Ⱥɥɟ ɹɝɨ ʆɪɚɠɜɚɟ ɋɟɪ>ɚɮɿɦɤɚ@ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɤɚɠɚ ɩɚɣɞɭ Ʉɚɩɿɬɚɧ ɧɟ ɡɚɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚɟ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɵɬɚɟ «! ɉɚɥɿɰɚɣ Ʉɚɱɚɧ ɭɬɚɿʆ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ± ɩɚɥɿɰɚɣ ȱ ɱɚɤɚɟ Ⱥ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɿ ɋ>ɟɪɚɮɿɦɰɵ@ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɹɝɨ ± >ɩɚɪɚɧɿɥɿ@ ɉɿɥɿɩɺɧɤɿ <…> ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɿ Ʉɚɱɚɧ Ʉɚɱɚɧ ɫɩɪɚɛɭɟ ʆɤɪɚɫɶɰɿ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɹɝ ɨ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɟ <…> Ⱥɥɟ ɧɹ ɦɨɠɚ ɡ ɬɪɭɩɚɦ ɛɵɰɶ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɉɚɥɿɱɵʆ ± ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɩɚɬɪɨɧɚʆ <…> Ɂɚɫɬɚɟɰɰɚ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɤɚɩɿɬɚɧ >ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ@ <…> ɏɥɟɛɧɿɤɚʆ ɜɚɪ¶ɹɰɟɟ «! ɇɹ ɦɨɠɚ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɚɰɰɚ ʆ ɛɥɿ ɧɞɚ ɠɵ ɿ ɜɵɯɨɞɡɿɰɶ ɭ ɩɨɥɟ ɡ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚɦ ɋɬɪɚɥɹɟ ɿ ɤɪɵ ɱɵɰɶ ³ɍɪɚ ´
Ⱥɩɨɲɧɿ ɛɚɟɰ Ⱥɩ ɨɜɟ ɫɶ ɰɶ
[1987]
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ɇɹɜɵɞɭɦɚɧɵɹ ɜɨɛɪɚɡɵ Ⱦɥɹ ȼ Ȼɵɤɚɜɚ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ©Ⱥɩɨɲɧɿ ɛɚɟɰª ɡɚɫɬɚɧɟɰɰɚ ɮɚɤɬɚɦ ɞɚɥɿɬɚɪɚɬɭɪɧɚɣ ɛɿɹɝɪɚɮɿɿ ɍ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɵɯ ɬɜɨɪɚɯ ɩɿɫɶɦɟɧɶɧɿɤ ɩɟ ɪɚɚɞɨɥɟɟ ɿɞɷɚɥɚɝɿɡɚɬɚɪɫɤɭɸ ɩɚɮɚɫɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɿ ɮɚɥɶɲɵɜɚɫɶɰɶ ɬɚɝɚ ɱɚɫɧɵɯ ɤɚɦɭɧɿɫɬɵɱɧɚ ɞɡɹɪɠɚʆɧɵɯ ɩɚɬɪɚɛɚɜɚɧɶɧɹʆ ɿ ʆɫɬɚɧɨɜɚɤ ɫɚɜɟɰɤɚɣ ɤɪɵɬɵɤɿ ɡɚɫɧɚɜɚɧɵɯ ɧɚ ©ɚɞɡɿɧɚɩɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɵɦª ɦɟɬɚɞɡɟ ɫɚɰɵɹɥɿɫɬɵɱɧɚɝɚ ɪɷɚɥɿɡɦɭ ɉɪɚ ɬɨɟ ɩɚɤɿɧɭʆ ɫɶɜɟɞɱɚɧɶɧɟ ɫɚɦ ɩɿɫɶɦɟɧɶɧɿɤ ± ɭ ɡɚɩɿɫɚɯ ©ɉɭɧɤɰɿɪɵ ɠɵɰɶɰɹ Ⱦɚɥɿɬɚɪɚɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɛɿɹɝɪɚɮɿɹª ɭɩɟɪɲɵɧɸ ɚɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɜɚɧɵɹ ɩɚɫɶ ɥɹ ɫɶɦɟɪɰɿ ɚʆɬɚɪɚ ʆ 2005 ɝ ɭ ɱɚɫɨɩɿɫɟ ©Ⱦɡɟɹɫɥɨʆª ©ɍ ɦɚɿ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɛɚɥɶɧɿɰɵ >ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɞɡɶɜɸɯ ɚɩɟɪɚɰɵɹʆ ɧɚ ɚɩɟɧɞɵɰɵɬ ɭ ɝ ± Ⱥ ɉ @ ɩɪɚɮɫɚɸɡ ɞɚʆ ɩɭɰɺʆɤɭ ʆ Ⱦɨɦ ɚɞɩɚɱɵɧɤɭ ʆ ɀɞɚɧɨɜɿɱɵ ± ɡɝɚɞɜɚʆ ȼ Ȼɵɤɚʆ ± ɀɵʆ ɭ ɚɝɭɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɚɤɨɿ ɧɚ ɲɷɫɶɰɶ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɯɚɞɡɿʆ ɩɚ ɥɟɫɟ ɉɚɱɚʆ ɩɿɫɚɰɶ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ©Ⱥɩɨɲɧɿ ɛɚɟɰª Ɍɚɞɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɭɫɸ ɮɚɥɶɲ ɹɟ ɿɞɷɿ Ɍɨɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɧɶɧɟ ɩɪɵɣɲɥɨ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ Ⱥ ɬɚɞɵ ± ɚɛɵ ɧɚɞɪɭɤɚɜɚɰɶ ɚɛɵ ɩɚɬɪɚɮɿɰɶ ± ɝɷɬɚ ɬɨɟ ɫɚɦɚɟ ɰɹɠɤɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɩɟɪɚ ɠɵɜɚɟ ɤɨɠɧɵ ɯɬɨ ɩɚɱɵɧɚɟ ɩɿɫɚɰɶ «! ɍɜɟɫɶ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫ ɞɚ ɤɚɧɰɚ ɝɨɞɭ > ɝɚ ± Ⱥ ɉ @ ɩɪɚɰɚɜɚʆ ɭ ɪɷɞɚɤɰɵɿ ɩɿɫɚʆ ɧɚɪɵɫɵ ɿ ɤɚɪɷɫ ɩɚɧɞɷɧɰɵɿ ± ɩɟɪɚɜɚɠɧɚ ɡ ɝɚɪɚɞɫɤɨɝɚ ɠɵɰɶɰɹ Ⱦɚɩɿɫɚʆ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɚɩɚɜɹɞɚɧɶɧɹʆ «! ɏɚɰɟɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɩɿɫɚɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɜɚɠ ɧɚɟ ɡɧɚɱɧɚɟ ɇɚɣɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɞɥɹ ɦɹɧɟ ɰɿɤɚɜɚɫɶɰɶ ɭ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɫɷɧɫɟ ɦɟɥɚ ɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɜɚɣɧɚª Ȼɵɤɚʆ ȼ ɉɭɧɤɰɿɪɵ ɠɵɰɶɰɹ Ⱦɚɥɿɬɚɪɚɬɭɪ ɧɚɹ ɛɿɹɝɪɚɮɿɹ ɋɲɵɬɚɤ ɞɪɭɝɿ ©Ⱦɡɟɹɫɥɨʆª ʋ
ɇɚɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɚʆɬɚɪ ɩɪɚɩɚɧɚɜɚʆ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶ ɰɶ ɱɚɫɨɩɿɫɭ © Ɇɚɥɚ ɞɨɫɰɶª ɍ ɥɿɫɶɰɟ ɚɞ ɤɚɫɬɪɵɱɧɿɤɚ ɝ ɞɚ ȿʆɞɚɤɿɿ Ʌɨɫɶ ȼ Ȼɵ ɤɚʆ ɩɪɵɡɧɚɜɚʆɫɹ ©Ɂɚ ɜɹɫɧɭ ɿ ɥɟɬɚ ɧɚɩɿɫɚʆ ɹ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ©Ⱥɩɨɲɧɹɝɚ ɛɚɣɰɚª ɿ ʆɠɨ ɦ>ɟɫɹ@ɰɵ ɹɤ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ɥɹɠɵɰɶ ɭ ©Ɇɚɥɚ ɞɨɫɰɿª ɿ ɬɵɹ ɤɚɜɚɥɟɪɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɫɚɛɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɹɤ ɦɧɟ ɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɡ ɪɚɡ ɦɨɜɚʆ ɡ Ɇɚɤɚɥɺɦ ɩɪɚɱɵɬɚɰɶ ɹɟ Ⱦɵɤ ɜɨɫɶ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɹ ɿ ɱɚɤɚɸ ɜɵɪɚɲɷɧɶɧɹ ɥɺɫɭ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɛɚɣɰɚ ɡ ɬɵɦ ɤɚɛ ɫɩɥɚɧɚɜɚɰɶ ɫɜɚɟ ɧɚɦɟ ɪɵ ɧɚɤɨɧɬ ɜɵɞɚɧɶɧɹ ɡɛɨɪɧɿɤɚ «! ə ɦɨɠɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɿ ɧɹ ɦɚɸ ɪɚɰɵɿ ɩɚɩɪɚɤɚɰɶ ©Ɇɚɥɚɞɨɫɰɶª ɦɨɠɚ ɹ ɿ ɩɚɦɵɥɹɸɫɹ ɞɚʆ ɛɵ Ȼɨɝ ɚɥɟ ɦɧɟ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɞɚɪɷɦɧɚ ©ɡɚɰɿɫɧɭɥɿª ʆ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɛɹɡɞɨɧ ɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɥɚɯ ɦɚɺ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɚɟ ɚɩɚɜɹɞɚɧɶɧɟ ©ɇɚ ɜɨɡɟɪɵª «! ɿ ɦɚɸ 86
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ɜɹɥɿɤɭɸ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ©Ⱥɩɨɲɧɿ ɛɚɟɰª ɞɡɟ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɫɭɪ¶ɺɡɧɵɹ ɩɚɞɡɟɿ ɿ ɧɹɜɵɞɭɦɚɧɵɹ ɜɨɛɪɚɡɵ Ɇɨɠɚ ɬɚɦ ɿ ɧɹ ʆɫɺ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɡɪɨɛɥɟɧɚ ɚɥɟ ɡɪɨɛɥɟɧɚ ɞɚɥɿɛɨɝ ɲɱɵɪɚ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɡ ɡɚɯɚɩɥɟɧɶɧɟɦ ɇɹ ɜɟɞɚɸ ɹɤ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɬɜɨɪɚʆ ɚɞɧɟɫɥɚɫɹ ɛ ɤɪɵɬɵɤɚ ɚɥɟ ɪɭɱɚɸɫɹ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɱɵɬɚ ɱɚ ɧɹ ɡɶɥɿɩɧɭɰɰɚ ɜɟɣɤɿª ȻȾȺɆɅɆ ɮ ɜɨɩ ɉɚɞɨɛɧɵɹ ɧɚɪɚɤɚɧɶɧɿ ɫɭɫɬɪɚɤɚɸɰɰɚ ɿ ʆ ɥɿɫɬɚɯ ȼ Ȼɵɤɚɜɚ ɞɚ ʆɠɨ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɚɝɚ ɚɞɪɚɫɚɬɚ ɚɞ ɤɚɫɬɪɵɱɧɿɤɚ ɝ ©Ⱦɡɿʆɧɚ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɬɚɤ ɭɩɚɪɬɚ ɚɞɦɨʆɱɜɚɸɰɰɚ ɬɚɦ ɍ ɦɹɧɟ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɡɶɹʆɥɹɟɰɰɚ ɞɭɦɤɚ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɬɚɤɨɝɚ ɡɚɰɹɬɚɝɚ ɦɚʆɱɚɧɶɧɹ ɦɚɹ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ɦɨɠɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɚɛɨ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɞɨɛɪɚɣ ɚɛɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɹɡɞɚɬɧɚɣ ɞɥɹ ɞɪɭɤɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɡ ɚɩɨɲɧɿɦ ɹ ɧɟ ɦɚɝɭ ɩɚɝɚɞɡɿɰɰɚ ɧɿɹɤ ɜɹɪɧɟɣ ± ɧɹ ɯɨɱɚɰɰɚ ª ɿ ɚɞ ɥɿɫɬɚɩɚɞɚ ɝ ©«ɦɚɹ ɝɚɥɚɜɚ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɩɨʆɧɚɹ ɚɞ ɬɨɣ ɦɚɺɣ ɱɨɪɬɚɜɚɣ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ ± ɹ ɩɚɱɵɧɚɸ ʆɠɨ ɧɟɧɚɜɿɞɡɟɰɶ ɹɟ ɲɬɨɞɡɟɧɶ ɬɨ ʆɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɚɥɟ ɠ ɬɪɷ ɛɚ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ Ɂɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɦɧɟ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɦ ɺɫɶɰɶ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɲɬɨ ɡɚɫɥɭɝɨʆɜɚɟ ʆɜɚɝɿ ɚ ɤɨɠɧɚɹ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɚ ɩɪɚɦɚɪɭɞɠɚɧɚɹ ɧɟ ɿɞɡɟ ʆ ɤɚɪɵɫɶɰɶ ɚ ɿɞɡɟ ʆ ɲɤɨɞɭ Ⱥɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ɩɚɥɹɠɚɥɚ ɡ ɩɚɥɨɜɚɣ ɦɟ ɫɹɰɵ ʆ ɥɸɞɡɹɯ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɹɟ ɩɪɚɱɵɬɚʆ ɬɚɦ ɧɟ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɇɚɜɭɦɟɧɤɚ ɹɤ ɹ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɩɟɪɚɤɨɧɜɚɸɫɹ ɛɨ ɧɟɤɚɬɨɪɵɹ ɦɚɟ ɞɷɬɚɥɿ ɿ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɹ ɱɵɬɚɸ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɭ ɿɧɲɵɯ ɚʆɬɚɪɚʆ Ȼɚɪɚɧɿ Ȼɨɝ ɹ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɯɚɱɭ ɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɰɿ ɩɚɞɚɡɪɚɜɚɰɶ ɤɚɝɨ ʆ ɱɵɦ ɧɹɞɨɛɪɵɦ ɚɥɟ ʆɫɹɤɚɟ ɦɨɠɚ ɛɵɰɶ ɭ ɧɚɲ ɧɹ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɱɭɣɧɵ ɞɚ ɥɸɞɫɤɨɣ ɱɷɫɶɰɿ ɱɚɫª ȻȾȺɆɅɆ ɮ ɜɨɩ ɍ ©Ɇɚɥɚɞɨɫɰɿª ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɧɹɥɿ ɞɚ ɞɪɭɤɭ ȱ ɬɚɞɵ ȼ Ȼɵɤɚʆ ɫɤɚɪɚɱɚɟ ɹɟ ɿ ɩɚɫɵɥɚɟ ʆ ɝɚɡɟɬɭ ©ɑɵɪɜɨɧɚɹ ɡɦɟɧɚª ©ə ɫɤɚɪɚɰɿʆ ɤɚɥɹ ɫɬɚɪɨɧɚɤ ± ɩɪɵɡɧɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɚʆɬɚɪ ɭ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɵɦ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɥɿɫɶɰɟ ɞɚ ȿ Ʌɨɫɶ ɚɞ ɫɚɤɚɜɿɤɚ ɝ ± Ƚɷɬɚ ɦɧɨɝɚ ȼɵɤɿɧɭʆ ɭɫɟ ɫɚɤɚɜɿɬɵɹ ɦɹɫɶɰɿɧɵ ɭɫɟ ɜɨɫɬɪɵɹ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬɵ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɚɞɧɵ ɩɪɚɩɿɫɧɵɹ ɿɫɶɰɿɧɵ ɿ ɞɡɹɠɭɪɧɵɹ ɫɿɬɭɚɰɵɿª Ⱥɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ©Ⱥɩɨɲɧɿ ɛɚɟɰª ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɩɟɪɲɚɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɰɵɿ ʆ ɝ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɚɞɪɭɤɨʆɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɟ ɜɵɯɨɞɡɿɥɚ ɚɫɨɛɧɵɦ ɜɵɞɚɧɶɧɟɦ ɿ ɧɟ ʆɤɥɸ ɱɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɡɛɨɪɧɿɤɿ əɧɚ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɫɜɨɟɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɵɦ ɩɪɚɤɬɵɤɚɜɚɧɶɧɟɦ ɩɚ ɧɚɩɿɫɚɧɶɧɿ ɲɵɪɨɤɚɮɚɪɦɚɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɡɚɿɱɧɵɯ ɬɜɨɪɚʆ ɿ ɩɟɪɲɚɩɨɞɫɬɭ ɩɚɦ ɞɚ ©ɀɭɪɚʆɥɿɧɚɝɚ ɤɪɵɤɭª ± ɤɥɚɫɿɱɧɚɝɚ ʆɡɨɪɭ ɛɵɤɚʆɫɤɚɣ ɚɩɨ ɜɟɫɶɰɿ Ʉɪɵɬɵɤɚ ɩɚɫɿʆɧɚ ɩɪɵɧɹɥɚ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ Ⱥɞɧɵɦ ɡ ɧɹɦɧɨɝɿɯ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɷɧɶɧɹʆ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɪɷɰɷɧɡɿɹ ɘɥɿɿ Ʉɚɧɷ ©ɑɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɿ ɩɨɞɡɶɜɿɝª ©ɑɵɪɜɨɧɚɹ ɡɦɟɧɚª ɤɚɫɬɪɵɱɧɿɤɚ ɭ ɹɤɨɣ ɚɞɡɧɚɱɚɥɚɫɹ ©ɍ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɯɚɰɹ ɹɧɚ ɿ ɡɚɫɬɚɟɰɰɚ ɬɜɨɪɚɦ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɝɟɪɨɹ ɚɯɨɩ ɪɷ ɱɚɿɫɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɡɧɚɱɧɚ ɲɵɪɷɣ ɱɵɦ ɭ ɚɩɚɜɹɞɚɧɶɧɹɯ ɲɵɪɷɣ ɿ ɤɨɥɚ ɝɟ ɪɨɹʆ ± ɚɞɡɿɧɚɞɭɦɰɚʆ ɿ ɚɧɬɚɝɚɧɿɫɬɚʆ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ >«@ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɩɨɲɧɿ ɛɚɟɰ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɩɚɞɛɿɪɚɟ ɩɚɥɤɚɜɵ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɿ ɩɪɚɛɿɪɚɟɰɰɚ ɩɚ ɡɚɧɹɬɚɣ ɧɟɦ ɰɚɦɿ ɬɷɪɵɬɨɪɵɿ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ Ɂɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɚ ɬɭɬ ɦɵ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ʆɫɩɚɦɿɧɚɟɦ Ⱥɥɟɫɹ Ɋɵɛɤɭ ɿ ©ɋɶɰɹɝ ɛɪɵɝɚɞɵª Ⱥɪɤɚɞɡɹ Ʉɭɥɹɲɨɜɚ Ɍɚɤ ɚɝɭɥɶ ɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɩɚɬɪɵɹɬɵɱɧɚɝɚ ɝɭɱɚɧɶɧɹ ɜɹɞɨɦɚɣ ɩɚɷɦɵ ɿ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɦɚɥɚ ɞɨɝɚ ɩɿɫɶɦɟɧɶɧɿɤɚ ɩɚɞɚɛɟɧɫɬɜɚ ɿɯ ɩɟɪɲɚɩɚɱɚɬɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɸɠɷɬɧɵɯ ɫɿɬɭɚɰɵɣ ɧɟɫɭɦɧɟɧɧɵɹ Ⱥɥɟ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɫɸɠɷɬ ɭ Ȼɵɤɚɜɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɜɚɟɰɰɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɩɨʆɧɚɫɶɰɸ ɫɚɦɚɫɬɨɣɧɚ >«@ ɍ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɩɿɫɶɦɟɧɶɧɿɤ ɫɭɬɵɤɚɟ ɞɜɚ ɫɶɜɟɬɚɩɨɝɥɹɞɵ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɧɶɧɿ ɫɷɧɫɭ ɠɵɰɶɰɹª ɋɚɦ ɠɚ ɚʆɬɚɪ ɩɚɫɬɚɜɿʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɧɚɞɡɜɵɱɚɣ ɤɪɵɬɵɱɧɚ ©ɐɹɩɟɪ ɭ ©ɑɵɪɜɨɧɰɵª ɱɵɬɚɸ ɫɜɚɸ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ± ɩɿɫɚʆ ɩɪɚɡɚɿɤ ɭ ɥɿɫɶɰɟ ɞɚ ȿ Ʌɨɫɶ ɤɪɚɫɚɜɿɤɚ ɝ ± ɿ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɸ ɜɹɥɿɤɭɸ ɧɹɺɦ ɤɚɫɶɰɶ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲɚɦɿ ɦɿɧɫɤɿɦɿ ɩɿɫɶɦɟɧɶɧɿɤɚɦɿ ɬɪɨɯɿ ± ɩɟ ɪɚɞ ɱɵɬɚɱɚɦɿ ɇɟɹɤ ɹɧɚ ɿɧɚɤɲ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɚɥɚ ʆ ɦɚɿɦ ɭɹʆɥɟɧɶɧɿ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɪɨɧɤɚɯ ɦɚɣɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɩɿɫɭ ɚ ɬɭɬ ɡ ɝɚɡɟɬɧɵɯ ɩɚɥɨɫ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɱɭ ɠɨɣ ɲɷɪɚɣ ɿ ɧɟɰɿɤɚɜɚɣ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɫɤɚɪɚɰɿɥɿ ɹɟ ɩɚɜɵɤɿɞɚɥɿ ʆɫɸ ɮɿɥɚɫɨɮɿɸ ɩɫɿɯɚɥɨɝɿɸ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɥɿɪɵɤɭ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɥɿ ɚɞɧɭ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɫɸɠɷɬɧɭɸ ɞɵɧɚɦɿɱɧɭɸ ɛɚɪɚɡɧɭ ɚɥɟ ʆɫɺ ɪɨʆɧɚ ɿ ɹɧɚ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ʆɲɱɷɪɛɧɚɹ ɛɟɞɧɚɹ ɫɥɚɛɚɹ ɇɟɞɡɟ ʆ ɫɹɪɷɞɡɿɧɟ ɛɵɥɿ ʆ ɦɹɧɟ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɶɞɡɟɥɵ ɡ ɠɚɧɱɵɧɚɣ ± ɤɚɡɚʆ ɇɚɜɭɦɟɧɤɚ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɫɚɦɵɹ ɥɟɩ ɲɵɹ ɦɹɫɶɰɿɧɵ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ ± ɚɥɟ Ɇɚɪɤɟɜɿɱ >ɫɭɩɪɚɰɨʆɧɿɤ ɪɷɞɚɤ ɰɵɿ ± Ⱥ ɉ @ ɡɚɩɹɪɷɱɵʆ ɫɭɩɪɚɰɶ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɥɿɪɵɱɧɚ ɿɧɬɵɦɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɵ ɜɚʆ ± ɞɚɜɹɥɨɫɹ ɡɶɧɹɰɶ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɚɬɪɵɹɬɵɡɦ ɝɟɪɚɿɡɦ ɩɚɤɭɬɵ ɿ ɿɦɤɧɟɧɶɧɟ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞª ȻȾȺɆɅɆ ɮ ɜɨɩ ɍ ɤɧɿɡɟ ʆɫɩɚɦɿɧɚʆ ©Ⱦɨʆɝɚɹ ɞɚɪɨɝɚ ɞɚɞɨɦɭª ɝ ɪɚɫɩɚɜɹɞɚɸɱɵ ɩɪɚ ɫɜɨɣ ɠɵɰɶɰɺɜɵ ɿ ɬɜɨɪɱɵ ɥɺɫ ɩɪɚ ɝɿɫɬɨɪɵɿ ɫɬɜɚɪɷɧɶɧɹ ɿ ɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɜɚɧɶɧɹ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɚɩɚɜɹɞɚɧɶɧɹʆ ɿ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɹʆ ȼ Ȼɵɤɚʆ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɟ ɡɝɚ ɞɚʆ ɩɪɚ ©Ⱥɩɨɲɧɹɝɚ ɛɚɣɰɚª ȼɨɫɶ ɚʆɬɚɪɫɤɿɹ ɫɶɜɟɞɱɚɧɶɧɿ ɩɪɚ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫ © «! ə ɫɩɪɚɛɚɜɚʆ ɫɭɩɪɚɰɨʆɧɿɱɚɰɶ ɡ ©ɑɵɪɜɨɧɚɣ ɡɦɟɧɚɣª ɩɪɚɡ ɹɤɭɸ ɤɚɠɭɰɶ ɩɪɚɣɲɥɚ ʆɫɹ ɦɚɥɚɞɚɹ ɛɟɥɚɪɭɫɤɚɹ ɥɿɬɚɪɚɬɭ ɪɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɞɚɫɥɚɧɚɟ ɬɭɞɵ ɚɩɚɜɹɞɚɧɶɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɠɨɪɫɬɤɚ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɵɤɚ ɜɚɧɚ ȱɜɚɧɚɦ Ʉɚɥɟɫɶɧɿɤɚɦ ɹɤɿ ɩɚ ɧɟɣɤɚɣ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɟ ɩɪɵɹɡɞɠɚʆ ɭ Ƚɨɪɚɞɧɸ ɿ ɹ ɡ ɿɦ ɭɜɨɝɭɥɟ ɩɚɝɚɞɡɿʆɫɹ Ɂɚɬɨɟ ɞɚɫɥɚɧɚɟ ʆ ©ɅɿɆª ɚɩɚɜɹɞɚɧɶɧɟ ɧɚ ɜɚɟɧɧɭɸ ɬɷɦɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɵɧɹɬɚ ɧɚɦɟɫɶɧɿɤɚɦ ɪɷ ɞɚɤɬɚɪɚ Ɋɚɦɚɧɚɦ ɋɚɛɚɥɟɧɤɚɦ ɹɤɿ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɬɷɦɭ ɦɧɟ ɜɚɪɬɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɜɚɰɶ ɿ ɩɚɝɥɵɛɥɹɰɶ Ⱥɤɪɵɥɟɧɵ ɝɷɬɤɚɣ ɩɚɪɚɞɚɣ ɡɚ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɧɚɩɿɫɚʆ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɭɸ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ ©ɀɭɪɚʆɥɿɧɵ ɤɪɵɤª ɹɤɚɹ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɚɞɪɭɤɚɜɚɧɚɹ ʆ ©Ɇɚɥɚɞɨɫɰɿª ɿ ɜɵɣɲɥɚ ʆ ɦɚɿɦ ɩɟɪɲɵɦ ɩɪɚɡɚɿɱɧɵɦ ɡɛɨɪɧɿɤɭª Ȼɵɤɚʆ ȼ Ⱦɨʆɝɚɹ ɞɚɪɨɝɚ ɞɚɞɨɦɭ ± Ɇɿɧɫɤ ȽȺ ȻɌ ©Ʉɧɿɝɚª ɫ ɍ Ⱥɪɯɿɜɟ ȼ Ȼɵɤɚɜɚ ɡɚɯɨʆɜɚɸɰɰɚ ɝɚɡɟɬɧɵɹ ɜɵɪɚɡɤɿ ɡ ɚɞɡɿɧɤɚ ɜɵɦɿ ɚʆɬɚɪɫɤɿɦɿ ɩɪɚʆɤɚɦɿ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɦ ɚɥɨʆɤɚɦ ɹɤɿɹ ɛɵɥɿ ʆɥɿɱɚɧɵɹ ʆ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɰɵɿ Ɋɭɤɚɩɿɫɚʆ ɬɷɤɫɬɭ ɧɟ ɡɶɛɟɪɚɝɥɨɫɹ ɿ ʆ ɩɟɪɚɜɵ ɞɚɧɶɧɿ ɡɚɯɨʆɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɦɚɤɫɿɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɚʆɬɷɧɬɵɱɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɩɟɪɲɚɩɭɛɥɿɤɚ ɰɵɿ Ⱥɥɟɫɶ ɉɚɲɤɟɜɿɱ
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Ⱥɩɨɲɧɿ ɛɚɟɰ Ⱥɩɨ ɜɟ ɫɶɰɶ Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɩɟɪɲɵ Ɇɚɺɧɬɚɤ ɝɚɪɷʆ ɇɚɞ ɤɭɱɚɪɚɜɿɫɬɵɦɿ ɜɟɪɯɚɜɿɧɚɦɿ ɜɹɡɚʆ ɿ ɥɿɩɚʆ ɲɭɝɚɥɚ ʆ ɩɚɞɧɹɛɟɫɶɫɟ ɦɿɬɭɫɶɥɿɜɚɹ ɜɨɝɧɟɧɧɚɹ ɝɪɵ ɜɚ Ƚɭɫɬɵɹ ɲɷɪɵɹ ɜɨɛ ɥɚɤɿ ɞɵɦɭ ɜɹɪɬɥɹɜɵɦɿ ɤɥɭ ɛɚɦɿ ɜɚɥɿɥɿ ʆɝɚɪɭ ɜɟɰɟɪ ɪɚɡɶɞɡɶɦɭɯɜɚʆ ɿɪɜɚʆ ɿ ɿɫɤɪɵʆ ɭ ɧɚɜɚ ɤɨɥɶɥɿ ɠɭɞɚɫɶɰɶ ɩɚɠɚɪɭ ɫɥɚʆɫɹ ʆɞɭɲɥɿɜɵ ɝɨɪɤɿ ɫɦɭɪɨɞ Ⱥɞ ɫɦɭɪɨɞɭ ɞɵɦɭ ɿ ɩɵɥɭ ɭɡɶɧɹɬɚɝɚ ɜɵɛɭɯɚɦɿ ɧɟ ɫɬɚɜɚ ɥɚ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɚ ɤɚɛ ɞɵɯɚɰɶ ȱ ʆ ɪɚʆɤɭ ɡɚ ɫɚɞɤɨɦ ɡɦɭɱɚɧɚɹ ɧɹɫɶɰɿɯɧɵɦ ɛɨɟɦ ɡɶɧɹɫɿɥɟɧɚɹ ɚɞɪɷɡɚɧɚɹ ɚɞ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɡɚɞɵ ɯɚɥɚɫɹ ɠɦɟɧɶɤɚ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ȱɯ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɦɚɥɚ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɬɭɬ ² ɲɬɚɛ ɞɵ ɪɷɲɬɤɿ ɚɞɧɚ ɝɨ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɭ ɧɚ ɱɚɥɟ ɡ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚɦ ɩɚɥɤɚ əɧɵ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɿ ɫɹ ʆɱɨɪɚ ʆ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɦɚɺɧɬɤɭ ɛɨ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɚɰɶ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɭɞɵ , ɚɞ ɫɚɦɚɝɚ ɪɚɧɤɭ ɪɚɫɤɚɰɿɫɬɵɦ ɪɷɯɚɦ ɤɚɥɚɰɿɥɿ ɧɚ ɜɚɤɨɥɶɥɟ ɝɚɪɦɚɬɧɵɹ ɜɵɛɭɯɿ ɪɚɫɫɵɩɚɥɚɫ ɹ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɧɚɹ ɬɪɚɫɤɚɬɧɹ ɿɪɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɝɪɚɧɚɬɵ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɱɯɚɥɿ ɡ ɥɚɝɱɵɧɚʆ ɦɿɧɚ ɦɺɬɵ ɿ ɚɫɤɨɥɤɿ ɛɹɡɶɥɿɬɚɫɧɚ ɫɟɤɥɿ ɚɤɪɵɜɚʆɥɟɧɭɸ ɲɦɚɬ ɩɚɤɭɬɧɭɸ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɍ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɿɫɬɵɦ ɪɚʆɱɭɤɭ ɥɹ ɩɪɵɡɟɦɥɟɧɚɣ ɞɚɲɱɚɬɚɣ ɩɚɜɟɬɤɿ ɫɬɭɥɿʆɫɹ ɡ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɚɦ ɛɚɟɰ Ʌɟɠɚɱɵ ʆ ɦɟɥɤɿɦ ɚɤɨɩɱɵɤɭ ɺɧ ɬɭɝɚ ʆɩɿɪɚʆ ɭ ɩɥɹɱɨ ɩɪɵɤɥɚɞ ©ɪɭɱɧɿɤɚª ɿ ɧɟɚɞɪɵʆɧɚ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɭ ɩɨɥɟ ɚɞɤɭɥɶ ɚɬɚɤɚɜɚʆ ɜɨɪɚɝ Ʉɚɥɿ ɚɝɧɹɜɵɹ ɜɿɯɭɪɵ ʆɝɚɪɵ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɫɭɰɿɲɵɥɿɫɹ ɤɭɥɹ ɦɺɬɱɵɤ ɩɪɵɫɥɭɯɚʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɝɭɤɚʆ ɛɨɸ ɿ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɧɟɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚɹ ɞɭɦɤɚ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɬɜɚɪɵ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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² ɉɷʆɧɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɩɨɣɞɭɰɶ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ² ȼɵ ɱɭɟɰɟ ɫɶɰɿɯɚɟ" Ⱥɥɟ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɧɟ ɚɞɤɚɡɚʆ ɹɦɭ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɭɫɺ ʆ ɡɛɚ ɠɵɧɭ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɱɵɥɶɧɟɣ ɩɪɵɩɚɞɚʆ ɞɚ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɭ ɱɚɤɚɸɱɵ ɧɨɜɚɣ ɚɬɚɤɿ , ɪ ɚɩɬɚɦ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚɧɚ ʆɡɞɪɵɝɧɭɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɛɹɥɹɜɵɹ ɜɨɱɵ ɺɧ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɩɪɵʆɡɶɧɹʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɭ ² Ɍ ɚɜɚɪɵɲ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ Ⱥɞɤɚɡɭ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ Ʉɥɹɧɨɜɿɱ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚɧɚ ɿɪɜɚɧɭʆɫɹ ɿ ɩɪɵɝɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɩɚ ɞɧɟ ɪɚʆɱɭɤɚ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɫɭɫɟɞɧɹɝɚ ɚɤɨɩɱɵɤɭ Ʌɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɭɬɤɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɬɜɚɪɚɦ ɭ ɡɚɫɵɩɚɧɭɸ ɡɹɦɥɺɣ ɬɪɚɜɭ ɿ ɧɟ ɜɚɪɭɲɵʆɫɹ Ɂɝɿɧɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɞɚ ɞɨɥɭ ɯɥɨ ɩɟɰ ɭɯɚɩɿʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɡɚ ɩɥɟɱɵ ɭɡɜɚɥɿʆ ɧɚ ɫɶɩɿɧɭ ɹɝɨ ɰɹɠ ɤɚɟ ɰɟɥɚ Ⱥɞ ɫɤɪɨɧɿ ɩɚ ɛɪɭɞɧɚɣ ɲɱɚɰɷ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɦɚɪɭɞ ɧɚ ɫɩɨʆɡ ɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɶɱɵɤ ɡɝɭɫɥɚɣ ɤɪɵɜɿ ² Ɍ ɚɜɚɪɵɲ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ² ɡ ɪɨɫɩɚɱɱɭ ɿ ɧɚɞɡɟɹɣ ɩɚɤɥɿ ɤɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɥɟ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ɧɟ ɚɞɝɭɤɚʆɫɹ Ȼɨɥɟɣ ɭ ɿɯɧɹɣ ɪɨɰɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ Ɂɚ ɞɜɚ ɞɧɿ ɧɹɫ ɩɵɧɧɵɯ ɛɚɺʆ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɡɚ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɝɿɧɭɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɉɚɥɨɜɭ ɪɨɬɚ ɫɬɪɚɰɿɥɚ ɧɚ ɲɥɹɯɭ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɶɧɹ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ ɩɚɥɨɜɭ ² ɭ ɝɷ ɬɵɦ ɦɚɺɧɬɤɭ ɋɶɦɟɪɰɶ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɡɶɛɹɧɬɷɠɵɥɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɺɧ ɭ ɡɶɧɹɦɨɡɟ ɫɯɿɥɿʆɫɹ ɥɹ ɡɚɛɿɬɚɝɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɭɠɨ ɧɟ ɯɚɜɚɸɱɵ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɩɪɨɫɬɚɜɚɥɨɫɚɣ ɝɚɥɚɜɵ Ȭɧ ɛɵʆ ɩɥɹɱɵɫɬɵ ɦɨɰɧɵ ɚɥɟ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɹɲɱɷ ɦɚɥɚɞɵ ɬɨɣ ɭɰɚɥɟɥɵ ɯɥɚɩɟɰ ɡ ɞɜɭɦɚ ɬɪɨɯɤɭɬɧɿɱɤɚɦɿ ɧɚ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɵɯ ɩɹɬɥɿɰɚɯ ɉɚ ɥɚɛɚɬɵɦ ɫɯɭɞɧɟɥɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɧɹɪɨʆɧɵɦɿ ɛɪɭɞɧɵɦɿ ɩɿɫɹ ɝɚɦɿ ɩɚʆɡɶɥɿ ɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɿ ɩɨɬɭ ɿ ɩɨʆɧɵɹ ɪɨɫɩɚɱɵ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɫɶɜɟɬ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɹ ɧɟɣɤɿɹ ɧɟ ɦɭɠɱɵɧɫɤɿɹ ɹɝɨ ɜɨɱɵ Ɍ ɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɡ ɦɿɬɭɫɶɥɿɜɚɣ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɵ ʆ ɩɨɥɿ ɩɚɹɜɿʆɫɹ ɝɭɫɬɵ ɥɚɧɰɭɝ ɰɺɦɧɚɡɹɥɺɧɵɯ ɦɭɧɞɡɿɪɚʆ Ȼɥɿɡɤɚɹ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬ ɧɚɹ ɱɚɪɝɚ ɤɪɚɦɡɚɧɭɥɚ ɩɚ ɜɿɲɷɧɶɧɿɤɭ ɡ ɛɭɞɵɧɿɧɵ ɩɚɫɵ ɩɚɥɿɫɹ ɬɪɷɫɤɿ ɉɚʆɡ ɝɨɥɚʆ ɩɪɚɧɟɫɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɜɚɠɤɚɟ ɿ ɡɡɚɞɭ ʆ ɫɚɞɤɭ ɝɪɵɦɧɭʆ ɜɵɛɭɯ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚɧɚ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɭ ɩɪɵɤɥɚʆɫɹ ɲɱɚɤɨɣ ɞɚ ɜɵɲɦɚɥɶɰɚɜɚɧɚɝɚ ɩɪɵɤɥɚɞɭ ɿ ɩɭɫɶɰɿʆ ɭ ɠɵɬɚ ɞɨʆɝɭɸ ɱɚɪɝɭ ɇɹɫɩɵɧɧɵ ɝɪɭɤɚɬ ɲɭɦ ɫɤɚɥɵɯɧɭɥɿ ɧɚɜɚ ɤɨɥɶɥɟ ɉɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɦɚɺɧɬɤɭ ɿɪɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɫɧɚɪɚɞɵ ɭɡɶɥɹɬɚɥɿ ʆ ɞɵɦɧɚɟ ɧɟɛɚ ɝɚɥɿɧɵ ɞɪɷɜɚʆ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɿ ɞɚɯɚʆ ɤɥɨɱɱɚ ɬɪɚɜɵ 90
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɇɚɞ ɡɹɦɥɺɸ ɡ ɜɚɪɨɠɚɝɚ ɛɨɤɭ ɧɟɫɶɥɿɫɹ ɧɹɛɚɱɧɵɹ ɫɬɚɥɺ ɜɵɹ ɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɿ Ȼɵɰɰɚɦ ɧɚɠɧɿɰɚɦɿ ɤɭɥɿ ɫɬɪɵɝɥɿ ɬɪɚɜɭ ɿ ɤɭɫɬɵ ² ɬɚɤ ɿ ɫɵɩɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɨɥ ɥɿɫɬɤɿ ɿ ɝɚɥɿɧɤɿ ɇɚɪɷɲɰɟ ɡɚɝɚɪɷɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɚɩɨɲɧɹɹ ʆɰɚɥɟɥɚɹ ɛɭɞɵɧɿɧɚ ² ɞɚɲɱɚɬɚɹ ɩɚ ɜɟɬɤɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɟɪɚɡɚɪɚɞɡɿʆ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɩɪɵɩɚʆ ɞɚ ɩɪɵ ɰɷɥɚ ɍ ɧɟɜɵɫɨɤɚɣ ɩɚ ɩɨɹɫ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɟ ɺɧ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɩɪɵɝɧɭɬɵɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɿ ɜɨɪɚɝɚʆ ɡ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɚɦɿ ɿ ɩɚɞɤɚɫɚɧɵɦɿ ɞɚ ɥɨɤɰɹ ɪɭɤɚɜɚɦɿ əɧɵ ɩɪɵɝɿɧɚɥɿɫɹ ɡɹɥɺɧɵɹ ɿɯ ɤɚɫɤɿ ɦɚɬɚɜɚ ɛɥɿɲɱɷɥɿ ɇɟɦɰɵ ɧɚ ɯɚɞɭ ɫɬɪɚɱɵɥɿ ɡ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɚʆ ɚɥɟ ɚɝɥɭɲɚɧɵ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɚɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɟ ɱɭʆ ɿɯ ɫɬɪɷ ɥɚʆ Ɍ ɪɵɦɚɸɱɵ ɦɭɲɤɭ ɩɚɞ ɿɯɧɿɦɿ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɹɦɿ ɺɧ ɞɚ ɛɨɥɸ ʆ ɩɚɥɶɰɵ ɰɿɫɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɫɩɭɫɤ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬ ɿɪɜɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɧɿɛɵ ɠɵɜɚɹ ɿɦɤɥɿɜɚɹ ɿɫɬɨɬɚ ɝɨɪɤɿ ɩɚɪɚɯɚɜɵ ɫɦɭɪɨɞ ɿ ɩɵɥ ɚɛ ɞɚɜɚɥɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ Ɂɜɨɞɞɚ ɥɶ ɥɹ ɞɚɪɨ ɝɿ ɝɭɫɬ ɚ ɿ ɧɚɩ ɨɪɵɫ ɬɚ ɬ ɪɚɲɱ ɚʆ ©ɦɚɤɫɿɦª əɝɨ ɱɷɪɝɿ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɩɪɚɩɚɞɚɥɿ ʆ ɝɪɭɤɚɰɟ ɛɨɸ ɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɭɫɬɪɵɜɨɠɚɧɚ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɬɭɞɵ Ɍ ɚɦ ² ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɺɧ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɚɜɚʆ ɿɦɿ ɹɝɨ ɩɪɵɫɭɬɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɫɭɩɚ ɤɨɣɜɚɥɚ ɿ ɞɚɜɚɥɚ ɧɚɞɡɟɸ ɍɪɷɲɰɟ ɜɨɪɚɝɿ ɩɚɱɚɥɿ ɡɶɧɿɤɚɰɶ ɭ ɠɵɰɟ ² ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɹɧɵ ɧɹ ɜɵɬɪɵɦɚɥɿ ɚɞɩɨɪɭ ɿ ʆ ɝɷɬɵ ɪɚɡ ɉɚɬɪɨɯɭ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɧɵ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɩɚ ɫɹɞɡɿɛɟ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɩɚɰɿɲɷʆ ɚɥɟ ɡɞɚɥɺɤɭ ɚɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɡɶɹɜɿʆɫɹ ɧɨɜɵ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɵ ɝɭɤ Ȭɧ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɧɚɩɨʆɧɿʆ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɫɩɚɯɦɭɪɧɟɥɵ ɥɟɬɧɿ ɩɪɚɫɬɨɪ ɩɪɵɝɥɭɲɵʆ ɭɫɟ ɿɧɲɵɹ ɝɭɤɿ ɿ ʆɫɺ ʆɡɦɚɰɧɹʆɫɹ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɛɨɹɡɧɚ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɭ ɡɚɯɦɚɪɚɧɚɟ ɞɵɦɧɚɟ ɧɟɛɚ ² ɬɚɦ ɩɥɵɥɿ ɫɚɦɚɥɺɬɵ ©ɑɵɟ"ª ² ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭɥɚ ɩɚɤɭɬɥɿɜɚɹ ɞɭɦɤɚ , ʆ ɬɨɣ ɠɚ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɩɹɪɷɞɧɿ ɫɚɦɚɥɺɬ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɧɟɹɤ ɞɡɟʆɛɚɧɭʆ ɧɨɫɚɦ ɿ ɲɚɥɺɧɚ ɩɚɧɺɫɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɩɪɵɰɿɯɥɵ ɪɚʆɱɭɤ ɍ ɩɚ ɜɟɬɪɵ ɡɚɫɶɜɿɫɬɚɥɚ ɡɚɝɪɭɤɚɬɚɥɚ ɋɬɪɚɲɷɧɧɵɹ ɜɵɛɭɯɿ ɫɤɚɥɚɧɭɥɿ ɧɚɜɚɤɨɥɶɥɟ ɡɹɦɥɹ ɫɬɚɝ ɧɚɥɚ ɤɿɞɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɧɹɦɨɣ ɪɨɫɩɚɱɵ ɞɪɵɠɷɥɚ ɭ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ɤɪɭɰɿɥɿɫɹ ɲɚɥɺɧɵɹ ɜɿɯɭɪɵ Ɂɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɡɹɦɥɹ ɩɟɪɚ ɦɹɲɚɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɚɦ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɧɚ ɫɶɜɟɰɟ ɪɵɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɧɹɛɵɬ ɇɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɪɚɰɹɝɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɠɭɞɚɫɶɰɶ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɚɪɷɲɰɟ ɝɪɭɤɚɬ ɩɪɵɰɿɯ ɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɪɚɫɩɥɸɲɱɵʆ ɜɨɱɵ ©ɀɵɜɵ"ª ² ɫɚ ɡɶɞɡɿʆɥɟɧɶɧɟɦ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɺɧ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɹ ɜɟɪɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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91
ɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɠɚɯ ɝɷɬɵ ɫɤɨɧɱɵʆɫɹ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɭ ɬɨɣ ɛɨɤ ɞɡɟ ɫɬɪɚɥɹʆ ©ɦɚɤɫɿɦª ɿ ɞɡɟ ɛɵʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɲɭɤɚɸɱɵ ɩɚɪɚɬɭɧɤɭ ɋɚɦɚɥɺɬɵ ɬɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɧɚɛɥɿɠɚɥɿɫɹ ɡɧɨʆ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɭ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɭɸ ɩɚʆɡɭ ɫɩɚɤɨɸ ɩɚɱɭʆɫɹ ɧɚɞɪɵʆɧɵ ɝɨɥɚɫ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɩɚɥɤɚ ² Ɍ ɚɜɚɪɵɲɵ ɭɩɟɪɚɞ ɍ ɚɬɚɤɭ ɭ ɪɚ ɚ ɚ ɚ ɚ ! ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɧɨʆ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɬɭɞɵ ɧɚ ɦɚɫɬɨɤ ɿ ɧɿɛɵ ɪɚɩɬɨʆ ɧɚɹ ɯɜɚɥɹ ɩɚɞɯɚɩɿɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɍɡɶɧɹɬɵ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚɜɚɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɬɚɦ ɬɪɚɩɹɬɤɿɦ ɩɨɥɵɦɟɦ ɿɪɜɚɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɟɬɪɵ ɿɯ ɩɚɥɤɚɜɵ ɫɶɰɹɝ Ʉɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɭɡɦɚɯɧɭʆ ɿɦ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɿ ɜɵɫɤɚɱɵʆ ɡ ɪɚʆɱɭɤɚ Ʌɹ ɹɝɨ ʆɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɿ ʆɫɟ ɹɧɵ ɲɭɝɚɧɭɥɿ ʆ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɭ ² ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ ɧɚ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ Ⱥɩɭɫɶɰɟɥɵ ɞɚɝɷɬɭɥɶ ɪɚʆɱɭɤ ɡɚɲɚɜɹɥɿʆɫɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɹɦɿ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɧɟɞɚɥɺ ɤɚ ɚɞ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɠɵɰɟ ɲɵɪɨɤɚɹ ɫɶɩɿɧɚ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɵ ɇɚɫɤɨɜɚ Ȭɧ ɛɵʆ ɡ ɫɭɫɟɞɧɹɣ ɪɨɬɵ ɿɯɧɹɝɚ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺ ɧɚ ɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɡɪɚɞɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɭ ɛɚɱɵʆɲɵ ɡɧɚɺɦɚɝɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɇɚɫɤɨʆ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɡɶɧɿɤ ɭ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɟ ɿ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɧɹɡɶɜɟɞɚɧɚɹ ɡɚ ɰɹɬɚɹ ɫɿɥɚ ɩɚɞɯɚɩɿɥɚ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɋɯɚɩɿʆɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬɚ ɜɭ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɭ ɺɧ ɩɟɪɚɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɧɿɡɟɧɶɤɿ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟɪ ɿ ɪɵɧɭʆɫɹ ɡɚ ʆɫɿɦɿ ɧɚɫɭɫɬɪɚɱ ɜɨɪɚɝɭ Ⱥ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɡɧɨʆ ɝɪɭɤɚɰɟɥɚ ɝɪɵɦɟɥɚ ɜɿɲɱɷɥɚ ɤɚɥɚɰɿɥɚɫɹ ɡɹɦɥɹ ɿ ɯɿɫɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɛɚ ɇɚ ɝɚɥɨɜɵ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɧɹɫɩɵɧɧɵɦ ɞɚɠɞɠɨɦ ɫɵɩɚɥɚɫɹ ɡɹɦɥɹ ɩɚɞɧɹɛɟɫɶɫɟ ɜɵɥɚ ɿ ɫɬɚɝɧɚɥɚ Ɂɶɥɟɜɚ ɿ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɛ ɚɣɰɵ ɩɪɚʆɞɚ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɪɷɞɤɿ ɿ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɤɚɪɨɰɟɧɶɤɿ ɛɵʆ ɿɯ ɥɚɧɰɭɠɨɤ ɚɥɟ ʆɞɚɪ ɛɵʆ ɿɦɤɥɿɜɵ ɉɹɬ ɪɭɫɶ ɛɟɝ ɫɬɚɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɬɪɵɦɚɰɰɚ ɩɨɪɭɱ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɫɚ ɫɶɰɹ ɝɚɦ ɍ ɹɝɨ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɧɟɹɤ ɩɚɫɩɚɤɚɣɧɟɥɚ ɧɚ ɞɭɲɵ ɧɿɛɵ ʆɠɨ ɦɿɧɭɥɿ ʆɫɟ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɿ Ȼɥɿɡɚɫɶɰɶ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɿ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɡɞɚ ɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɯɥɨɩɰɭ ɯɚɜɚɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɚɞ ɛɹɞɵ ɿ ɺɧ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɫɩɚɬ ɤɚɰɶ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɤɚɛ ɞɚɰɶ ɧɚɪɷɲɰɟ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɟ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɫɿɥɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɫɭɫɬɪɷɰɰɚ ɡ ɮɚɲɵɫɬɚɦɿ ɿɦ ɧɟ ʆɞɚɥɨɫɹ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɱɵɤɿ ɧɹ ɜɵɬɪɵɦɚɥɿ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɝɚ ɧɚɩɨɪɭ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɡɞɚɥɺɤɭ ɹɤ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭɥɿ ʆ ɠɵɰɟ ɿɯ ɩɪɵɝɧɭɬɵɹ ɫɶɩɿɧɵ Ʌɚɧɰɭɝ ɭɫɺ ɤɚɰɿʆɫɹ ɩɚ ɩɨɥɿ ʆɡɞɨʆɠ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ʆ ɧɚɩɪɚɦɤɭ ɚɞɡɿɧɨɤɚɣ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɫɿɫɬɚɣ ɝɪɭɲɵ ɲɬɨ ʆɞɚɥɟɱɵɧɿ ɜɵɫɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɭ ɋɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɪɚɡɝɭɛɿɥɿɫɹ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɿ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɧɟ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɥɿ ɚɥɟ ɡ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɭɝɥɟɞɡɟɥɿ ɲɬɨ ɫɿɥɵ ɚɬɚ ɤɭɸɱɵɯ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɤɿɹ ɿ ɧɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɭ ɥɹ ɝɪɭɲɵ ɡɚɝɚɦɚɧɿɥɿ ɿɯ 92
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɫɤɚɪɚɫɬɪɷɥɶɧɵɹ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɵ ɏɬɨɫɶɰɿ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɦ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɫɩɚɬɵɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɿ ɡɶɧɿɤ ɭ ɠɵɰɟ ɚɥɟ ɿɧɲɵɹ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɿ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɿ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ʆɫɿɯ ɫɯɿɥɿʆɲɵɫɹ ʆ ɿɦɤɥɿɜɵɦ ɬɷɦɩɟ ɭɫɺ ɡɿɯɚɰɟʆ ɿɯ ɫɶɰɹɝ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɹɞɨʆɝɚ ɰɹɝɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɿɯ ɚɞɜɚɠɧɚɹ ɚɬɚɤɚ ɍɠɨ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɦɚɥɚ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɶɦɟɥɶɱɚɤɨʆ ɤɚɛ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɝɧɚɰɶ ɜɨɪɚɝɚʆ ɇɚ ɩɚʆɲɥɹɯɭ ɞɚ ɝɪɭɲɵ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɧɵ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɮɚɲɵɫɬɚʆ ɫɬɚʆ ɲɱɵɥɶɧɵ ɿ ɞɪɭɠɧɵ əɧɵ ɡɚɥɹɝɥɿ ʆ ɬɵɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɞɡɟ ɠɵɬ ɧɹɟ ɩɨɥɟ ɩɟɪɚɦɟɠɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɲɵɪɨɤɚɣ ɩɚɥɨɫɤɚɣ ɫɟɧɚɠɚɰɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɡɶɧɹɫɿɥɟɧɵ ɭɩɚʆ ɥɹ ɤɪɭɲɧɿ ɤɚɦɟɧɶɧɹ ɫɚɛɪɚɧɚɝɚ ɡ ɧɿɜɵ ɿ ɜɵɫɭɧɭʆ ɡ ɠɵɬɚ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɭ ɍɡɝɨɪɚɤ ɥɹ ɝɪɭɲɵ ʆɠɨ ɥɸɬɚ ɬɪɚɲɱɚʆ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɚɦɿ ɚ ɿɯ ɥɚɧɰɭɠɨɤ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ Ⱥɞɞɵɯɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɚɝ ɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚʆɤɨɥɚ ɇɟɩɚɞɚɥɺɤɭ ɜɵɫɨʆɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɠɵɬɚ ɲɬɵɯɿ ɜɿɧɬɨɜɚɤ ɬɵɯ ɲɬɨ ʆɰɚɥɟɥɿ ʆ ɱɚɫ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɚɬɚɤɿ ɭ ɯɦɚɪɧɵɦ ɧɟɛɟ ɧɚɞ ɿɦ ɝɨɣɞɚɥɿɫɹ ɥɺɝɤɿɹ ɿ ɡɹɥɺɧɵɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɤɚɥɚɫɵ ɋɚɦɚɥɺɬɵ ɡɶɧɿɤɥɿ ɿ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɰɿɯɚ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬ ɧɵ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɿ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɚ ɰɹɝɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɰɿɲɵ ɫɜɚɸ ɲɭɦɥɿɜɭɸ ɦɚɪɤɨɬɧɭɸ ɩɟɫɶɧɸ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɡɚɩɚɞɨɡ ɪɵʆ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɧɹɞɨɛɪɚɟ ʆ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɰɿɲɵɧɿ ɿ ʆɜɟɫɶ ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨ ɠɵʆɫɹ Ⱥɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɚɞ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɞɚɧɺɫɶɫɹ ɚɞɞɚɥɟɧɵ ɝɭɥ ɦɚɬɨ ɪɚʆ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɭɠɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɡɚ ɝ ɭɤ ɲɦɚɬ ɬɪɵ ɜɨɝ ɡɶɧɺɫ ɺɧ ɡɚ ɬɵɹ ɜɚɟɧɧɵɹ ɞɧɿ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɤɪɵɠɚɫɬɵɯ ɝɪɚɦɚɞɡɿɧɚʆ ɉɨɛɚɱ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɩɪɵʆɡɶɧɹʆɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɠɵɬɚɦ ɧɟɯ ɬɚ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚɧɚ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ©ɬɚɧɤɿª ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɧɚ ɦɭɥɤɿɯ ɭɫɨɯɥɵɯ ɤɭɩɿɧɤɚɯ ɿ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɚɧɚ ɫɥɭɯɚʆ Ƚɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚɹ ɫɭɫɬɪɷɱɚ ɬɭɬ ɧɚ ɪɨʆɧɵɦ ɩɨɥɿ ɡ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɚɣ ɭ ɪɭɤɚɯ Ɂɧɨʆ ɹɤ ɭ ɬɵɦ ɪɚʆɱɭɤɭ ɯɥɨɩɰɚɜɭ ɫɶɩɿɧɭ ɤɪɚɧɭʆ ɫɚɦɨɬɧɵ ɯɚɥɚɞɨɤ ɫɬɪɚɯɭ Ʌɚɧɰɭɝ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɚ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɚɞ ɛɚɣɰɚ ɞɚ ɛɚɣɰɚ ɩɚɧɟɫɥɚɫɹ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɚ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɩɚ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɚɛɹɝɚɰɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɚ ɭ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɟɪɚɤɚɡɚʆ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɫɥɨɜɵ ɞɚ ɥɟɣ ɿ ɧɚ ɥɨɤɰɹɯ ɿ ɤɚɥɟɧɹɯ ɲɵɛɚɧɭʆ ɭ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɭ ɇɟɩɚɞɚ ɥɺɤɭ ɪɚɫɫɨʆɜɚɸɱɵ ɠɵɬɚ ɩɪɚɦɿɥɶɝɧɭɥɚ ɞɭɠɚɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɶ ɇɚɫɤɨɜɚ ɇɟɯɬɚ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɜɵɬɵɪɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɡ ɠɵɬɚ ɿ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɬɭɬ ɠɚ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɤɪɵɤɧɭɥɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɡɧɚ ʆɠɨ Ɍ ɚɧɤɿ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵɥɿ ɫɩɪɨɛɭ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɿ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɭɞɚɪɭ ɿ ʆɫɺɣ ɫɿɥɚɣ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɡɛɪɨɿ ɥɸɬɚ ɧɚɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ Ɂɧɨʆ ɡɚɜɵɥɚ ɡɚɛɭɲɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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93
ɜɚɥɚ ɡɚɲɚɦɚɰɟɥɚ ɧɚɜɚɤɨɥɶɥɟ ɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɿ ɤɭɥɶ ɩɚɧɟɫɶɥɿɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɩɨɥɟɦ ɚɛɫɵɩɚɸɱɵ ɡɹɦɥɺɸ ɠɵɬɚ ɡɚɝɪɵɦɟɥɿ ɜɵɛɭɯɿ Ɍ ɚɿɰɰɚ ɿ ɩɪɵɝɿɧɚɰɰɚ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɟɫɤɚɪɵɫɧɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɜɵɩɪɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɿ ɡ ɭɫɹɟ ɦɨɰɵ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɤɭɞɵ ʆɠɨ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ Ʉɚɥɿ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ʆ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ɲɭɪɲɷʆ ɱɚɪɝɨ ɜɵ ɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɶ ɤɭɥɶ ɺɧ ɩɚɞɚʆ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɭɫɤɨɤɜɚʆ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɛɟɝ Ɋɚɡɵ ɞɜɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ² ɬɚɧɤɿ ɩɚɫɤɨɪɵɥɿ ɯɚɞɭ ɿ ɥɹɫɤɚɬɚɥɿ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɧɚ ɯɚɞɭ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɸɱɵ ɡ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɚʆ ɿ ɝɚɪɦɚɬɚʆ ɍ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɚɞ ɡɦɨɪɚɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɚɠ ɩɚɞɤɨɲɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɨɝɿ ɿ ʆ ɝ ɨɥɚʆ ɫɬɭɤɚɥɚ ɧɟɚɞɱɷɩɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚɹ ɞɭɦɤɚ ² ɤɚɧɟɰ ȱ ɹɦɭ ɿ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɭ ɿ ɫɶɰɹɝɭ ɋɤɪɨɡɶ ɩɚ ɩɨɥɿ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɚɥɟ ɫɶɰɹɝɭ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɚɱɧɚ əɧɵ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɪɚɡɶɛɟɝɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɟ ɿɯ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɥɺɝɤɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɟɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɩɚ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɚɥɟ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɧɹ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɚɛ ɝɷɬɵɦ Ɍ ɚɤ ɭɰɚɥɟɥɵɹ ʆɠɨ ɞɚɫɹɝɧɭɥɿ ɪɷɞɤɚɝɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɞɚ ɥɟɣ ɩɚ ɚɞɯɨɧɭ ɪɚɡɶɥɟɝɥɚɫɹ ɝɨɥɚɹ ɚɛɥɨɝɚ ɿ ɡɚ ɺɣ ɭ ɥɚɝɱɵɧɟ ɩɚɱɵɧɚɥɚɫɹ ɜɹɥɿɡɧɚɹ ɥɭɝɚɜɿɧɚ ɡ ɞɨʆɝɿɦɿ ɪɚɞɚɦɿ ɫɤɨɲɚɧɚɣ ɬɪɚɜɵ Ɍ ɚɦ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɹɤɚɝɚ ɫɯɨɜɿɲɱɚ ɚ ɤɭɫɬɵ ɧɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɭ ɛɵɥɿ ʆɠɨ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɪɷɞɤɿɹ ɿ ɦɚɥɵɹ ɤɚɛ ɧɚɞɡɟɣɧɚ ɫɯɚɜɚɰɶ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɍ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɧɨʆ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɫɚ ɫɤɪɭɱɚ ɧɵɦ ɧɚ ɞɪɷʆɤɭ ɩɚɥɨɬɧɿɲɱɚɦ ɫɶɰɹɝɭ ʆ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɰɷ ɿ ɱɨɪ ɧɵɦ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚɦ ©Ɍ Ɍ ª ɭ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɇɟ ɡɶɜɹɪɬɚɸɱɵ ʆɜɚɝɿ ɧɚ ɤɭɥɿ ɿ ɚɫɤɨɥɤɿ ɲɵɪɨɤɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɚɜɿʆɲɵ ɧɨɝɿ ɦɚɺɪ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɧɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɭ ɿ ɫɿɥɹɱɵɫɹ ɩɟɪɚɦɚɝɱɵ ɝɪɭɤɚɬ ɛɨɸ ɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɥɸɞ ɡɹɦ ɲɬɨ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɧɚ ɥɭɝɚɜɿɧɭ ² ɋɬɨɣ ɋɬɨɣ ɇɚɡɚɞ Ʉɚ ɦɧɟ ɇɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɿ ɬɨɣ ɭɡɝɨɪɚɱɚɤ ɧɚ ɹɤɿɦ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɺɧ ɹɤ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ɦɨɝ ɡɚɯɿɧɭɰɶ ɚɞ ɤɭɥɶ ɿ ɞɚɰɶ ɦɚɝɱɵɦɚɫɶɰɶ ɛɚɣɰɚɦ ɪ ɚɡɝɚɪ ɧɭɰɰɚ ʆ ɥɚɧɰɭɝ ² ɇɚɡɚɞ ² ɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɿ ɪ ɚɩɬɚɦ ɲɵɪɨɤɿɦ ɠɷɫ ɬɚɦ ɭɡɦɚɯɧɭʆ ɞɪɷʆɤɚɦ ɿ ɪɚɡɝɚɪɧɭʆ ɫɶɰɹɝ Ɂɧɨʆ ɹɤ ɿ ʆ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɪɚɡ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɹɤ ɭɡɝɚɪɷɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɿɦ ɧɟɲɬɚ ʆɧɭɬɪɵ ɿ ɧɿɛɵ ɿɫɤɪɚɣ ɩɪɚɛɟɝɥɚ ɩɚ ɰɟɥɟ ɿ ɯɥɨ ɩɟɰ ɩɚɫɥɭɯɦɹɧɚ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɬɭɞɵ ɧɚ ɡɚɤɥɿɤ ɫɶɰɹɝɭ Ɂ ɠɵɬɚ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɞɚɥɭɱɵɥɿɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɥɸɞɡɿ Ⱥɯɨɩɥɟɧɵ ɧɟɦɚɣ ɪɚɲɭɱɚɫɶɰɸ ɧɟ ɩɚɤɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɤɚ ɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɿ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɚɥɺɝ ɭ ɪɷɞɤɿ ɞɪɚɰɹɧɿɫɬɵ ɜɟɪɚ 94
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɫɨɤ ɥɹ ɦɚɺɪɚ ɿ ɧɚɪɵɯɬɚɜɚʆ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɭ Ɍ ɚɧɤɿ ɡɝɭɛɿʆɲɵ ɛ ɚɣ ɰɨʆ ɡ ɩɨɥɹ ɡɪɨɤɭ ɩɚɣɲɥɿ ɩɚɜɨɥɶɧɟɣ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɚɹɥɿɫɹ ɫɭɫ ɬɪɷɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɟ ɡɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɚɦ Ɂɡɚɞɭ ɬɭɥɹ ɱɵɫɹ ɡɚ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɿɲɥɿ ɱɨɪɧɵɹ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɱɵɤɿ ɿ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɫɬɨɹɱɵ ɧɚ ɤɚɥɟɧɹɯ ɩɿɥɶɧɚ ɫɚɱɵʆ ɡɚ ɿɯ ɧɚɛɥɿɠɷɧɶɧɟɦ ɉɨɛɚɱ ɡɚɥɟɝɥɚ ɞɜɚ ɞɡɹɫɹɬɤɿ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ² ɉɚ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɱɵɤɚɯ ɡɚ ɚ ɚ ɚ ɚ ɚ ɥɩɚɦ ɩɥɿ ² ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɿ ɧɹɞɪɭɠɧɵ ɡɚɥɩ ɝɪɵɦɧɭʆ ɡ ɭɡɝɨɪɤɭ ² Ɂɚ ɚ ɚ ɚ ɚ ɥɩɚɦ ɩɥɿ ² ɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɺɧ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɪɚɡ ɿ ʆɡɝɨ ɪɚɤ ɚɞɝɭɤɚʆɫɹ ɞɪɭɝɿɦ ɡɚɥɩɚɦ Ɍ ɚɤ ɹɧɵ ɞɚɥɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɡɚɥɩɚʆ ɿ ɬɚɧɤɿ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɿɫɹ ɚ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɱɵɤɿ ɫɯɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɡɚ ɿɦɿ , ɬɚɞɵ ɡɧɨʆ ɧɚ ɚɰɚɥɟɥɭɸ ɪɷɲɬɤɭ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɪɵɧɭʆ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɡ ɭɫɺɣ ɲɦɚɬɥɿɤɚɣ ɡɛɪɨɿ ɲɬɨ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɫɚɛɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɭɩɪɚɰɶ ɿɯ Ⱥɥɟ ʆɡɝɨɪɚɱɚɤ ɹɤ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ɡɚɬɭɥɹʆ ɿɯ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɚɞ ɩɚʆɡɶɰɿ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɩɪɵɧɿɫɧɭɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɿɫɬɚɝɚ ɞɡɿɪɜɚ ɧɭ ɿ ɤɭɥɿ ɿɲɥɿ ɜɟɪɯɚɦ ɋɧɚɪɚɞɵ ɡ ɥɸɬɵɦ ɩɿɫɤɚɦ ɩɪɚɧɨɫɿɥɿɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɫɚɦɚɣ ɩɟɬɪɭɫɺɜɚɣ ɝɚɥɚɜɨɣ ɿ ɿɪɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɧɚ ɥɭɝɚɜɿɧɟ ȱ ɬɚɞɵ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɟ ɋɩɪɚɜɚ ɡ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɝɪɵɦ ɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɝɭɫɬɵ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɧɵ ɫɬɪɷɥ Ɇɚɥɚɞɵ ɛɚɟɰ ɲɬɨ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺɦ ɧɟɹɤ ɫɬɪɚɩɹɧɭʆɫɹ ɿ ɫɶɰɿɯ ɧɿɛɵ ɩɪɵɬɚɿʆɫɹ ʆ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɚ ɡ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɭ ɩɪɵɝɿɧɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɜɵɫ ɤɨɤɜɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɚɛɥɨɝɭ ɮɚɲɵɫɬɵ ɍɫɟ ɯɬɨ ɹɲɱɷ ɦɨɝ ɭɡɶɧɹɰɰɚ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɚɞ ɬɚɝɨ ɧɟɛɹɫɶ ɩɟɱɧɚɝɚ ɮɥɚɧɝɚ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɞɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɪɚɡɝɭɛɿɥɿɫɹ ɚɞ ɬɚɤɨɝɚ ɡɶɧɹɧɚɰɤɚɝɚ ʆɞɚɪɭ ɚɥɟ ɩɚɞɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɧɟ ɛ ɵɥɨ ɤɭɞɵ Ɋɚɩɬɨʆɧɚɹ ɦɥɹɜɚɫɶɰɶ ɚɞ ɭɫɶɜɟɞɚɦɥɟɧɶɧɹ ɩɚɝɿɛɟɥɿ ɪɚɡɶɥɿɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɩɟɬɪɭɫɺɜɵɦ ɰɟɥɟ Ȭɧ ɫɬɪɷɥɿʆ ɪɚɡɵ ɞɜɚ ʆ ɛɥɿɠɷɣɲɚɝɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɲɬɨ ɩɟɪɚɫɤɨɤɜɚɸɱɵ ɩɪɚɡ ɡɚɛɿɬɵɯ ɛ ɟɝ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɫɚɦ ɭ ɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɤɚɛ ɩɚɞɚɰɰɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɤɭɞɵ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɿɧɲɵɹ ɍ ɬɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɵ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɺɧ ɡɧɨʆ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ Ɇɚɺɪ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɚʆ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɚɞ ɤɭɫɬɨʆ ɛɟɝ ɿ ɚɞ ɫɬɪɷɥɶɜɚʆɫɹ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɺɧ ɫɩɚɬɵɤ ɧɭʆɫɹ ɡ ɰɹɠɚɪɚɦ ɜɵɩɪɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɿ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɭɠɨ ɤɚɧɱɚɬɤɨɜɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɰɟɥɚɦ ɪɭɯɧɭʆ ɭ ɬɪɚɜɭ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɠ ɡ ɹɝɨ ɪɭɤ ɜɵɩɚɥɚ ɞɪɷʆɤɚ ɫɚ ɡɝɨɪɧɭɬɵɦ ɫɶɰɹɝɚɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɦɹɪɰɶɜɟɸɱɵ ɚɞ ɠɚɯɭ ɭɫɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɿ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɪɚɧɟɣ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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95
ɡɚ ɹɝɨ ɬɚɦ ɚɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɡɶɹɜɿʆɫɹ ɇɚɫɤɨʆ ɺɧ ɫɩɪɵɬɧɚ ɩɚɞ ɯɚɩɿʆ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɿ ɪɵɧɭʆɫɹ ɩɚ ɚɞɯɨɧɟ ʆɧɿɡ Ⱥ ɦɚɺɪ ɩɪɵʆɡɶɧɹʆ ɫɹ ɧɚ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɭɡɶɧɹʆ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɫɤɪɵʆɥɟɧɵ ɚɞ ɛɨɥɸ ɭɫɩɚɬɧɟɥɵ ɬɜɚɪ ɿ ɫɭɫɬɪɷʆɲɵ ɹɝɨ ɩɨɡɿɪɤ ɱɚɦɭɫɶɰɿ ɝɥɭɯɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɯɥɨɩɰɭ ² ɋɶɰɹɝ ɋɶɰɹɝ ɪɚɬɭɣ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɩɚɦɤɧɭʆɫɹ ʆɡɶɧɹɰɶ ɦɚɺɪɚ ɚɥɟ ɬɨɣ ɧɿɛɵ ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɲɵɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɧɹ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɜɵɤɨɧɜɚɰɶ ɡɚɝɚɞ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɿ ɫɬɪɨɝɚ ² ɉɪɷɱ ɚɞ ɦɹɧɟ ɋɶɰɹɝ Ȭɧ ɧɹ ɫɤɨɧɱɵʆ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɡɚɝɚɞɭ ɿ ʆɩɚʆ ɬɜɚɪɚɦ ɭ ɩɨɠɧɸ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɧɨʆ ɫɤɚɥɚɧɭʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɚɯɚɩɿʆɲɚɝɚ ɹɝɨ ɠɚɯɭ ɿ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɡɚ ɇɚɫɤɨɜɵɦ ɹɤɿ ɪɚɡɝɨɧɿɫɬɚ ɲɵɛɚɜɚʆ ɭɧɿɡ ɞɚ ɜɭɡɟɧɶɤɚɣ ɩɚɫɤɿ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤɭ ɧɚ ɥɭɝɚɜɿɧɟ ɉɨɛɚɱ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɦɰɵ ʆɠɨ ɡɚɯɚɩɿɥɿ ɿɯ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɿ ɩɪɵɬɭɥɚɤ ɿ ɫɤɿɪɚ ɜɚɥɿ ʆɜɟɫɶ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɡɛɪɨɿ ɩɚ ɚɩɨɲɧɿɯ ɛɚɣɰɚɯ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ ² ɇɚɫɤɨʆ ɛɵʆ ɭɠɨ ɥɹ ɤɪɚɣɧɿɯ ɚɥɟɲɵɧɚʆ ɿ ʆ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭɥɚ ɤɜɨɥɚɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɚɞɡɟɹ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ʆɞɚɱɭ Ⱥɥɟ ʆ ɬɨɣ ɠɚ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɧɟɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɚɟ ɿ ɠɭɞɚɫɧɚɟ ɇɟɣɤɚɹ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɚɹ ɫɿɥɚ ɡ ɥɸɬɵɦ ɿɦɩɷɬɚɦ ɭɞɚ ɪɵɥɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɭɜɭɲɲɭ ɛɚɥɸɱɚ ɤɚɥɶɧɭɥɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɩɪɚɜɚɥɿʆɫɹ ʆ ɩɭɫɬɭɸ ɱɨɪɧɭɸ ɛɟɡɞɚɧɶ Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɉɟɪɲɵɦ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɩɪɵɜɵɱɧɚɟ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɰɿɲɵɧɿ əɲɱɷ ɩɪɚɡ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɹɤ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɛɚɥɿɰɶ ɩɥɹɱɨ ɿ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɦɭɥɹɟ ɩɚɞ ɲɱɚɤɨɣ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɚɜɚɪɭɲɵʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɨɣ ɿ ɡ ɧɚɦɚɝɚɧɶɧɟɦ ɭɡɶɧɹʆ ɰɹɠɤɿɹ ɩɚɜɟɤɿ Ȭɇ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɬɪɚɜɭ ɹɤɚɹ ɲɚɥɹɫɶɰɟɥɚ ɥɹ ɫɚɦɚɝɚ ɬɜɚɪɭ Ⱥɞ ɧɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɚɣ ɛɥɿɡɤɚɫɶɰɿ ɹɟ ɬɚɧɤɥɹɜɵɹ ɫɶɰɹɛɥɿɧɤɿ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɝɿɝɚɧɰɤɿɦɿ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɹɤɿɹ ɬɪɚɩɿɱɧɵɹ ɪɚɫɶɥɿɧɵ ɞɠɭɧɝɥɹʆ Ɇɿɠ ɿɦɿ ʆ ɞɨɥɟ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɲɚ ɜɹɥɿɥɚɫɹ ɝɨɣɞɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɤɚɤɚɥɚ ² ɬɚɦ ɫɩɪɚɞɜɟɱɧɵɦ ɩɚɪɚɞ ɤɚɦ ɰɹɤɥɨ ɫɜɚɺ ɧɟɡɚɥɟɠɧɚɟ ɚɞ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɋɚɛɪɚʆ ɲɵ ɫɿɥɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɚɜɹɪɧɭʆɫɹ ʆɫɿɦ ɰɟɥɚɦ ɿ ʆɛɚɱɵʆ ɧɟɛɚ ² ɜɵɫɨɤɚɟ ɩɪɚɫɬɨɪɧɚɟ ɿ ɥɚɝɨɞɧɚɟ ɧɟɛɚ ɥɟɬɧɹɝɚ ɚɞɜɹɱɨɪɤɭ Ɍ ɚɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɬɚɤ ɫɶɜɟɬɥɚ ɬɚɤ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɿ ɯɨɪɚɲɚ ɲɬɨ ɉɹɬ 96
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɪɭɫɶ ɭɩɟɪɲɵɧɸ ɩɚɜɟɪɵʆ ɲɬɨ ɫɶɦɟɪɰɶ ɦɿɧɭɥɚ ɹɝɨ ȱ ɪɚɩ ɬɚɦ ɚɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɡ ɡɚ ɤɪɚɹɜɿɞɭ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɤɪɵɥɚɬɵɹ ɰɟɧɿ ² ɝɷɬɚ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɚɧɵɹ ɛɨɦɛɚɦɿ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɩɥɵɥɿ ɤɭɞɵɫɶɰɿ ɜɚɪɨɠɵɹ ɫɚ ɦɚɥɺɬɵ əɧɵ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɜɹɪɧɭɥɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɞɚ ɪɷɱɚɿɫɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɞɚ ɜɹɥɿɤɚɣ ɛɹɞɵ ɲɬɨ ɧɚɩɚɬɤɚɥɚ ɿɯ ɩɨɥɤ Ȭɧ ɭɫɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɦɨɰɧɵ ɛɨɥɶ ɭ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɿ ʆ ɥɟɜɵɦ ɩɥɹ ɱɵ ɡɧɨʆ ɩɚɜɚɥɿʆ ɹɝɨ ʆ ɬɪɚɜɭ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɧɚ ɯɿɬɪɚɫɶɰɶ Ʉɚɛ ɚɲɭɤɚɰɶ ɡɚɝɚɞɤɚɜɭɸ ɧɟɦɚɱ ɺɧ ɩɚɰɿɯɭ ɚɛɚ ɩɺɪɫɹ ɚɛ ɞɨɥ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɧɚɥɹɝɚɸɱɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɭɸ ɪɭɤɭ ɿ ɧɨɝɿ ɭɡɶɧɹʆɫɹ ɿ ɫɟʆ ɍ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɲɭɦɟɥɚ ɹɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɰɹɠ ɤɚɹ ɹɝɨ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɧɭɞɡɿɥɚ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɬɚɤ ɡ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɭ ɤɚɛ ɩɪɵɡɜɵɱɚɿɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɧɨɜɚɝɚ ɫɬɚɧɭ ɿ ʆɩɟɪɲɵɧɸ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚʆɤɨɥɚ Ɂɡɚɞɭ ɹɝɨ ɛɵʆ ɭɡɝɨɪɚɤ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɧɚ ɚɞɯɨɧɿɫɬɚɣ ɚɛɥɨɡɟ ɡ ɪɷɞɤɿɦɿ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɿɦɿ ɟɥɚɱɤɚɦɿ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆ ɝɷ ɬɚɟ ɥɟɬɚ ɩɪɚɪɨɫɥɵɦɿ ɡ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɇɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɭ ɞɡɟ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɬɚɤ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɧɚɜɚɥɿɥɿɫɹ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɭɠɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɩɭɫɬɵ ɛɵʆ ɿ ɥɭɝ ɲɬɨ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɭɧɿɡɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɩɪɵɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɲɵɫɹ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆ ɫɹɦ ɬɚɦ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɵɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɿ ɡɚɛɿɬɵɯ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ Ȭɧ ɬɚɞɵ ɚɝɥɟɞɡɟʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɚɞɡɿɧɚɝɚ ɠɵɜɨɝɚ ɬɭɬ ɿ ɩɚɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɪɚɞɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɰɿ ɛɟɞɚɜɚɰɶ ɡ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɜɵɩɚɞɤɭ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɹɤ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ɩɚɞɧɹʆɲɵɫɹ ɺɧ ɩɚɫ ɬɚɹʆ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɿ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚ ɧɿɛɵ ɧɺɫ ɧɚ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɹɤɿ ɲɤɥɹɧɵ ɩɨɫɭɞ ɡɪɚɛɿʆ ɤɪɨɤ ɭɧɿɡ ɞɚ ɥɭɝɭ ɞɡɟ ʆ ɤɭɫɬɚɯ ɜɿʆɫɹ ɪɭɱɚɣ ȱ ɬɭɬ ɺɧ ɭɫɩɨɦɧɿʆ ɭɫɺ ² ɿ ɞɜɭɯɞɡɺɧɧɵ ɛɨɣ ɿ ɪɚɡɝɪɨɦ ɿɯɧɹɝɚ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɿ ɫɶɦɟɪɰɶ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɬɚɦ ɧɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɭ ɿ ɛɟɡɶɥɿɱ ɡɚɛɿɬɵɯ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɧɚʆɤɨɥɚ ɇɟɱɚɤɚɧɵ ɫɩɚɥɨɯ ɚɯɚɩɿʆ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɩɪɵɩɚɦɹɬɚʆ ɚɩɨɲɧɿ ɡɚɝɚɞ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɪɚɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɋɬɪɚɲɷɧɧɵɹ ʆɫɩɚɦɿɧɵ ɡ ɦɚɥɚɧɤɚɜɚɣ ɯɭɬɤɚɫɶɰɸ ɩɪɚɧɟɫɶɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɟɝɱɵ ɲɭɤɚɰɶ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɿ ɤɥɿɤɚɰɶ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɤɭɞɵ ɛɟɝɱɵ ɿ ɤɚɝɨ ɤɥɿɤɚɰɶ" Ⱦɡɟ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɚɲɵ ɜɨɣɫɤɿ ɿ ɞɡɟ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɿɯ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɩɚɞɯɨɩɥɟɧɵ ɇɚ ɫɤɨɜɵɦ" ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɦɹɬɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɞɡɟɫɶɰɿ ɡɚ ɫɹɞɡɿɛɚɣ ɜɺʆ ɛɨɣ ɚɞɪɷɡɚɧɵ ɚɞ ɿɯ ɬɪɷɰɿ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɞɡɟ ɺɧ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɭɰɚɥɟɥɵ ɰɿ ɦɨ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɬɵ ² ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɱɚɦɭ ɬɚɤ ɰɿɯɚ ɱɚɦɭ ɧɿɜɨɞɡɿɧ ɝɭɤ ɧɿɜɨɞɡɿɧ ɲɨɥɚɯ ɧɟ ɩɚɪɭ ɲɚɰɶ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɡɶɧɹɦɟɥɚɣ ɭɫɟɚɛɞɵɦɧɚɣ ɰɿɲɵɧɿ" ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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97
ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɚɩɚɧɚɜɚʆ ɠɚɯ ɍɝɚɪɵ ɫɿɧɟɥɚ ɡɪɷɞɤɭ ɚɡɞɨɛɥɟɧɚɟ ɜɨɛɥɚɱɤɚɦɿ ɧɟɛɚ ɧɚʆɤɨɥɚ ɪɚɫɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɜɹɥɿɤɿ ɩɪɚɫɬɨɪ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɹɤ ɡɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɚɦ ɜɚɥɿʆ ɭɝɨɪɭ ɞɚɥɺɤɿ ɞɵɦ ² ɿ ɱɚɦɭɫɶɰɿ ɧɿɜɨɞɧɚɝɚ ɝɭɤɭ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɰɺɪ ɜɭɲɵ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɱɭʆ ɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɚɝɚ ɲɨɥɚɯɭ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɺɧ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɿ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɟ ɩɚɱɭʆ ɭɥɚɫɧɚɝɚ ɝɨɥɚɫɭ ©Ⱥɝɥɭɯ"ª Ɍ ɚɤ ɺɧ ɚɝɥɭɯ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɤɨɥɶɧɵ ɫɶɜɟɬ ɚɞɝɚɪɚɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɚɞ ɹɝɨ ɧɹɛɚɱɧɚɣ ɫɶɰɹɧɨɸ Ɍ ɚɤ ɫɹɤ ɞɚɛɪɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɞɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆ ɞɡɟ ɩɚɜɨɥɿ ɰɹɤɥɚ ɪɭ ɱɚɿɧɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɩɚʆ ɝɪɭɞɡɶɦɿ ɧɚ ɞɡɿɪɜɚɧɿɫɬɵ ɛ ɟɪɚɝ ɿ ɱɚɩ ɥɹɸɱɵɫɹ ɡɚ ɬɪɚɜɭ ɞɪɵɠɚɱɵɦɿ ɩɚɥɶɰɚɦɿ ɩɪɚɡ ɚɿɪ ɩɪɚɫɭ ɧɭʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɬɜɚɪ Ȭɇ ɩɿʆ ɩɪɚɝɧɚ ɿ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɦɿ ɝɥɵɬɤɚɦɿ ɰɟɩɥɚɜɚɬɭɸ ɡ ɩɚɯɚɦ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɵɯ ɤɚɪɷɧɶɧɹʆ ɜɚɞɭ ȱ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɺɧ ɭɜɟɫɶ ɫɤɚɥɚɧɭʆɫɹ Ɂɭɫɿɦ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɩɚɞ ɥɚɡɨ ɜɵɦ ɤɭɫɬɨɦ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚ ʆɫɤɿɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɬɪɚɜɵ ɧɟɣɱɚɹ ɪɭɤɚ ɡ ɪɚɫɬɚɩɵɪɚɧɵɦɿ ɫɤɪɭɱɚɧɵɦɿ ɩɚɥɶɰɚɦɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɪɵɬɚɿʆ ɫɹ ɩɚɱɚɤɚʆ ɹɲɱɷ ɡ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɭ ɚ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɚɯɨɩɥɟɧɵ ɠɭɞɚɫ ɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɞɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɟɦ ɭɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɡ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɡ ɬɵɦ ɫɩɪɵɬɚɦ ɧɚ ɹɤɿ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɯɚɩɿɥɚ ɫɿɥɵ ɀɚɯɥɿɜɚɟ ɩɪɚɞɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɧɟ ɚɲɭɤɚɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɉɚɞ ɤɭɫɬɨɦ ɥɚɡɶɧɹɤɭ ʆ ɩɚɤɭɬɥɿɜɚɣ ɩɨɡɟ ɤɚɧɚɸɱɚɝɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɇɚɫɤɨʆ Ⱥɞɧɚ ɪɭɤɚ ɹɝɨ ɫɤɪɭɱɚɧɚɹ ʆ ɥɨɤɰɿ ɩɪɵʆɡɶɧɹɥɚɫɹ ʆɝɨɪɭ ɚ ɞɪɭɝɚɹ ɬɭɥɿɥɚ ɞɚ ɝɪɭɞɡɟɣ ɚɛɵ ɹɤ ɡɝɨɪɧɭɬɵ ɧɚ ɞɪɷʆɤɭ ɿɯ ɚɝɧɿɫɬɵ ɩɚɥɤɚɜɵ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɚɯɿɥɿʆɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɨɣ , ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɭɡ ɞɪɵɝɧɭɥɿ ɿ ɫɤɪɵɜɚɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɜɭɫɧɵ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɲɬɨ ʆɠɨ ɧɹɦɚ ɧɿɹɤɚɣ ɧɚɞɡɟɿ ɧɚ ɱɵɺ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɜɵɪɚɬɚɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ² ɚɞɡɿɧɵ ʆɰɚɥɟɥɵ ɛɚɟɰ ɿɯɧɹɝɚ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɿ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɤɚɧɬɭɠɚɧɚɝɚ ɿ ɝɥɭɯɨɝɚ ɤɥɚɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɧɨɜɵ ɤɥɨɩɚɬ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡ ɪɨɫɩɚɱɱɭ ʆɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɫɹ ʆ ɚɛɪɨɫɥɵ ɲɱɚɰɿɧɶɧɟɦ ɧɟɦɚɥɚɞɵ ʆɠɨ ɡɦɚɪɞɚɜɚɧɵ ɬɜɚɪ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɵ ɇɿɜɨɞɧɚɣ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɬɵ ɠɵɰɶɰɹ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ʆ ɿɦ ɚɥɟ ɠ ɺɧ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɲɬɨ ɜɚɪɭɯɧɭʆɫɹ ɝɷɬɵ ʆɩɚɪɬɵ ɿ ɷɧɟɪɝɿɱɧɵ ɩɪɵ ɠɵɰɶɰɿ ɱɚɥɚ ɜɟɤ , ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɝɨɧɹɱɵ ɚɞ ɫɹɛɟ ɛɥɚɝɭɸ ɞɭɦɤɭ ɰɿɯɟɧɶɤɚ ɩɚɤɥɿɤɚʆ ² ɇɚɫɤɨʆ Ɍɚɜɚɪɵɲ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɒɬɨ ɠ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɵ" Ƚɚ" ɍ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿ ɩɿɥɨɬɤɿ ɧɿ ɹɤɨɣ ɩɚɫɭɞɡɿɧɵ ɺɧ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɧɭʆ ɡ ɧɚɝɿ ɛɨɬ ɿ ɚɩɭɫɶɰɿʆ ɹɝɨ ʆ ɪɭɱɚɣ Ʉɚɥɿ ɛɨɬ ɧɚɩɨʆɧɿʆ98
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɫɹ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɚɛɥɿɜɚɰɶ ɬɜɚɪ ɇɚɫɤɨɜɚ ɝɪɭɞɡɿ ɩɪɵʆɡɶ ɧɹʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɭ ɩɚɪɚɧɟ ɧɚɝɚ ɿ ɹɤ ɦɨ ɝ ɚɫɶɰ ɹɪɨɠɧɚ ɭɥɿʆ ɜɚɞɵ ʆ ɹɝ ɨɧɵ ɪɨɬ Ȼɚɟɰ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɭɡɞɵɯɧɭ ʆ ɩɚɜɟ ɤɿ ɹɝɨ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɬɧɚ ɜɚɪɭɯɧ ɭɥɿɫɹ ² ɉɹɬɪ ɭɫɶ ɧɹ ɡɜɨɞɡɿʆ ɜɚɱ ɷɣ ɡ ɹɝɨ ɬɜɚɪɭ ©Ɋɨɞɧɟ ɧɶɤɿ ɞɚɪɚɠɷɧ ɶɤɿ ɇɚ ɫɤɨʆ ɚ ɱɧɿɫɹ ɠ ɧɭ», ² ɧɹɡɦɨʆɱɧɚ ɲɚɩɬɚɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɜɭɫɧɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɧɹ ɱɭʆ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɲɷɩɬɭ ² ɬɨɣ ɛɥɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɰɹɩɟ ɪ ɡ ɹɝɨ ʆɡɪɭɲɚ ɧɵɦɿ ɞɭɦɤɚɦɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧ ɚ ɧɟ ɚ ɱɵɧɚʆɫɹ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɯɥɨ ɩɟɰ ɡɶɧɹʆ ɡ ɹɝɨ ɪ ɷɦɟɧɶ ɡ ɪɵɞɥɺ ʆɤɚɣ ɡɶɧɹʆ ɩ ɪɨɰɿɜɚ ɝɚɡ ɡɚɝɚ ɪɧɭʆ ɜɿɥɶɝɨɬ ɧɭɸ ɚɞ ɤɪɵɜɿ ɿ ɩɨɬ ɭ ɤɚɲɭ ɥɸ ² ɭ ɥɟ ɜɵɦ ɛɚɤɭ ɱɵɪɜɚɧɟɥɚ ɫɤɪɚɡɧ ɚɹ ɤɭɥɹɜɚɹ ɪɚ ɧɚ Ʉɪɨ ʆ ɧɟ ɿɲɥɚ ʆɠɨ ɩɟɪɚɜɹɡɜɚɰɶ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɬɪɷ ɛɵ ɿ ɧɹ ɜɟ ɞɚɸ ɱɵ ɲɬ ɨ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɯɥɨɩɟ ɰ ɭ ɚɞɱɚɿ ɚ ɩɭɫɶɰɿʆ ɪɭ ɤɿ Ȭɧ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɩɨɛ ɚɱ ɡ ɩ ɚʆɦɺɪɬɜɵɦ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚɦ ɿ ɞɡɿɤɚɹ ɧ ɟɜɵ ɤɚɡɧ ɚɹ ɪɨɫɩ ɚɱ ɭɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɚ ɩɚɧɨʆɜɚɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɉɟɪɚɠɵɬɵɹ ɧɹɲɱ ɚɫɶɰɿ ɿ ɝɷɬɚ ɹ ɚɩɨɲɧɹɹ ɛɹɞɚ ɬɚɤ ɭɪɚɡɿɥɿ ɿ ɩɪ ɵɞɭ ɲɵɥɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɲɬɨ ɺ ɧ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɭɠɨ ɰɿ ɧɹ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɡɚɝɿɧ ɭɰɶ ɡ ɭɫ ɿɦɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɝɿɧɭɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɠɨ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ɉɟɪɚɞ ɿɦ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɧɟɩɪɵɬɨɦɧɵ ɚɥɟ ɹɲɱɷ ɠɵɜɵ ɹɝɨ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲ ɿ ɫɭɩɨɥɶɧɿɤ ɩɚ ɛɚɪɚɰɶɛɟ ɺɧ ɫɩɚɞɡɹɜɚʆɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɚ ɡ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɛɨɤɭ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɚɫɿɪɚɰɟɥɵ ɩɪɚɛɿɬɵ ɿ ɩɪɚɫɬɪɷɥɟɧɵ ɫɶɰɹɝ Ȼɟɡɞɚɩɚɦɨɠɧɵɹ ɿ ɞɚɪɚɝɿɹ ɫɚɥɞɚɬɭ ɚɛɨɞɜɚ ɹɧɵ ɱɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɚɞ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɪɚɬɭɧɤɭ ɉɚɛɟɞɚɜɚʆɲɵ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɿ ɩɚɫɬɚɝɧɚʆɲɵ ɚɞ ɧɹɫɶɰɟɪɩɧɚɝɚ ɞɭɲɷʆɧɚɝɚ ɛɨɥɸ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɚɞɡɟʆ ɦɨɤɪɵ ɛɨɬ ɿ ɜɵɪɚɲɵʆ ɩɚɞɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚɝɚ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɞ ɫɬɚɜɿʆ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲɭ ɫɜɚɸ ɚɫɥɚɛɟɥɭɸ ɫɶɩɿɧɭ ɿ ɭɡɹʆɲɵ ɹɝɨ ɡɚ ɦɨɰɧɵɹ ɲɵɪɨɤɿɹ ɤɿɫɶɰɿ ɭɫɶɰɹɝɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɫɹɛɟ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɺɧ ɩɚɞɧɹʆ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɿ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɚɛɚɩɿɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɞɪɷʆɤɚ ɡɪɚɛɿʆ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɤɪɨɤɚʆ ɐɹɠɤɿ ɿ ɩɚɤɭɬɥɿɜɵ ɛɵʆ ɝɷɬɵ ɲɥɹɯ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɥɭɝ ɇɿɤɨɥɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɧɹ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɤɿ ɰɹɠɤɿ ɛɵɜɚɟ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɑɚɫɚɦ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɸ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɩɚɦɿɪɚɟ ɫɚɦ ɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɭɫɥɭ ɯɨʆɜɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɫɜɚɟ ɚ ɞɱɭɜɚ ɧɶɧɿ ɱɚɤɚ ʆ ɝɷɬ ɚɝɚ ɧɚɞɵɯ ɨɞɭ ɫɶɦɟɪɰɿ ɧɹ ʆ ɫɬɚɧɟ ʆɠɨ ɫɭɩɪɚɰɿʆɥɹɰɰɚ ɺɣ Ⱥɥɟ ɩɪɚɡ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɱɚɫɭ ɫɿɥɚʆ ɬɪɨɲɤɿ ɩɪɵɛɵɜɚɥɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɡɧɨʆ ɩɪɵɦɭɲɚʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɤɪɨɤɚʆ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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99
ɍ ɩɪɵɰɟɦɤɚɯ ɺɧ ɞɚɫɹɝɧɭʆ ɭɡɶɥɟɫɤɭ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɿɦ ɛɚɤɭ ɥɭɝɚɜɿɧɵ Ȭɧ ɭɠɨ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɭɩɚʆɡɶɰɿ ʆ ɥɟɫ ɿ ɛɨɤɚɦ ɝɭɛɥɹɸɱɵ ɩɪɵ ɬɨɦɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɭɩɚʆ ɧɚ ɤɚɥɸɱɵ ɤɨɲɚɧɵ ɞɨɥ ɡɚ ɫɶɩɿɧɨɣ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɚɛɦɹɤɥɚɟ ɿ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɰɹɠɤɚɟ ɰɟɥɚ ɇɚɫɤɨɜɚ Ʉɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɚɱɭɧɹʆ ɭɠɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɺɦɧɚ ɇɚɞ ɥɭɝɚɦ ɜɵɫɵɩɚɥɿ ɪɷɞɤɿɹ ɡɨɪɵ ɹɧɵ ɰɿɯɚ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɥɿ ʆ ɫɶɜɟɬɥɵɦ ɧɟɛɟ ɚ ɧɿɡɤɚ ɧɚɞ ɡɹɦɥɺɸ ɜɿɫɟʆ ɧɚ ɧɟɛɚɫɯɿɥɟ ɧɿɡɟɧɶɤɿ ɚɤɪɚɣɱɵɤ ɦɟɫɹɰɚ Ȭɧ ɧɟ ɫɶɜɹɰɿʆ ɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɭ ɧɨɱ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɛɥɿɫɤɭɱɵɦ ɩɪɵɩɥɸɲɱɚɧɵɦ ɜɨɤɚɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɫɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲɚ ɚɥɟ ɬɨɣ ɧɟ ɜɚ ɪɭɯɧɭʆɫɹ ɇɟɣɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɬɚɪɦɚɲɵʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ɝɥɚɞɡɿʆ ɿ ɰɚɥɚɜɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɬɜɚɪ ɿ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɜɚɪ¶ɹɰɟɟ ɚɞ ɝɨɪɚ ɭɩɪɨɲɜɚʆ ɬɚɝɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɤɿɞɚɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɚɞɱɵɧɿɰɶ ɫɜɚɟ ɜɨɱɵ ɩɚɡ ɧɚɰɶ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲɚ ɚɩɨɲɧɹɝɚ ɛɚɣɰɚ ɡ ɡɚɝɿɧɭʆɲɚɝɚ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɚɩɥɚɤɚʆ ² ɰɹɠɤɚ ɛɚɥɸɱɚ ɫɭɬɚɪɝɿ ɫɶɰɿɫɤɚɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɝɨɪɥɚ ɿ ɰɹɤɥɿ ɡ ɜɚɱɷɣ ɩɹɤɭɱɵɹ ɫɚɥɺɧɵɹ ɫɶɥɺɡɵ Ⱥɥɟ ɇɚɫɤɨʆ ɭɠɨ ɧɚɡɚʆɫɺɞɵ ɡɶɧɹɦɟʆ ɿ ɚɝɥɭɯ ɞɚ ɹɝɨɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɫɶɛɚʆ ɿ ɹɝɨɧɵɯ ɫɶɥɺɡ , ɬɚ ɞɵ ɯɥɨɩɰ ɚɦ ɚɩɚɧɚ ɜɚɥɚ ɧɟ ɣɤɚɟ ɛɹɫ ɶɫɿɥɶɧɚɟ ɡɚ ɛɵɰɶɰɺ Ȭɧ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɭɧɚɱɵ ɧɚɞ ɧɹɛɨɠɱɵɤɚɦ ɿ ɧɹ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɭ ɰɟɦɪɭ ɿ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɫɶɰɿɫɤɚʆ ɫɤɿɜɿɰɵ Ʉɚɥɿ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɚɞɥɟɝɥɚ ɚɞ ɞɭɲɵ ɛɹɫɶɫɿɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɤɪɭɯɚ ɉɹɬ ɪɭɫɶ ɚɞɩɨʆɡ ɧɚ ʆɡɶɥɟɫɚɤ ɿ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɪɵɯɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɦɚɝɿɥɭ ɋɩɚ ɱɚɬɤɭ ɺɧ ɤɚɩɚʆ ɹɟ ɩɚɥɶɰɚɦɿ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɧɟɣɤɚɣ ɫɭɤɚɜɿɧɚɣ ɲɬɨ ɬɪɚɩɿɥɚ ʆ ɹɝɨɧɵɹ ɪɭɤɿ ɇɚ ɩɚɥɶɰɚɯ ɚɞ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɩɪɚɰɵ ɥɚɦɚ ɥɿɫɹ ɩɚɡɧɨɝɰɿ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɛɚɥɸɱɚ ɿ ɿɲɥɚ ɤɪɨʆ Ⱥɥɟ ɯɥɨ ɩɟɰ ɭɠɨ ɧɟ ɡɜɚɠɚʆ ɧɚ ɩɚɤɭɬɵ ɺɧ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɫɶɩɹɲɚʆɫɹ ɤɚɛ ɞɚ ɫɶɜɿɬɚɧɶɧɹ ɩɚɯɚɜɚɰɶ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɉɚɞ ɪɚɧɚɤ ɦɚɝɿɥɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɝɚɬɨɜɚ əɧɚ ɚɬɪɵɦɚɥɚɫɹ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɟɝɥɵɛɨɤɚɣ ɿ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɚɣ ɞɥɹ ɞɨʆɝɚɝɚ ɰɟɥɚ ɇɚɫɤɨɜɚ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɚɩɚɰɶ ɹɲɱɷ ɚɥɟ ʆɫɯɨɞ ɡɚɩɚɥɿʆ ɭɠɨ ɡɚ ɤɪɚɹɜɿɞɚɦ ɫɜɚɺ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɨ ɿ ɧɟɛɚ ɩɚɱɚɥɨ ɝɚɫɿɰɶ ɡɨɪɵ Ɇɚɥɚɞɡɿɤ ɩɚɞ ɪɚɧɚɤ ɫɯɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɥɟɫɚɦ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɧɹ ʆɡɶɥɟɡɲɵ ɧɚ ɧɟɛɚ ɍ ɚɩɨɲɧɿ ɪɚɡ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɪɵɫɟʆ ɧɚɞ ɧɹɛɨɠɱɵɤɚɦ ɡɚɲɩɿɥɿʆ ɹɝɨ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɭ ɩɪɵɝɥɚɞɡɿʆ ɡɛɥɵɬɚɧɵɹ ɜɚɥɚɫɵ ɿ ʆɡɹʆ ɩɚɞ ɩɚɯɿ ɤɚɛ ɚɞɧɟɫɶɰɿ ʆ ɦɚɝɿɥɭ ɉɚɞ ɪɭɤɿ ɹɝɨ ɬɪɚɩɿɥɿ 100
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɤɿɲɷɧɿ ɡ ɩɚɩɟɪɚɦɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɿ ɩɚɤɥɚʆ ɿɯ ɭ ɫɜɚɟ ɩɚɪɨɠɧɿɹ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɺɧ ɞɚɫɬɚʆ ɡ ɤɿɲɷɧɿ ɹɝɨ ɲɚɪɚɜɚɪɚʆ ɚɩɨɲɧɸɸ ɝɪɚɧɚɬɭ ² ©ɥɿɦɨɧɤɭª ɲɬɨ ɧɟɹɤ ɡɚɯɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɦ ɿ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚ ʆɡɶɧɹʆ ɰɟɥɚ ɍ ɦɚɝɿɥɰɵ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡɚɯɿɧɭʆ ɬɜɚɪ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɫɶɜɟɠɵɦɿ ɪɨɫɧɵɦɿ ɝɚɥɿɧɤɚɦɿ ɧɚɥɚɦɚɧɵɦɿ ɡ ɛɥɿɡɤɿɯ ɚɥɟɲɵɧɚʆ ɭ ɚɩɨɲɧɿ ɪɚɡ ɭɡɞɵɯɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɬɚɧɶɧɟ ɿ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɡɚɝɚɪ ɧɭʆ ɹɦɤɭ ɡɹɦɥɺɣ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɺɧ ɜɵɣɲɚʆ ɧɚ ɥɭɝɚɜɿɧɭ ɭɡɹʆ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɩɚɰɚɥɚɜɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɜɿɥɶɝɨɬɧɵ ɚɞ ɪɚɫɵ ɲɨʆɤ ɿ ɝɚɬɨɜɵ ɞɚ ɠɵɰɶɰɹ ɛɚɪɚɰɶɛɵ ɿ ɫɶɦɟɪɰɿ ɩɚ ɧɚɞ ɭɡɶɥɟɫɤɚɦ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɭ ɬɨɣ ɛɨɤ ɞɡɟ ɧɚɪɚɞɠɚʆɫɹ ɪɚɧɚɤ Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɬɪɷɰɿ ɇɚɫɬɚʆ ɧɨɜɵ ɩɨʆɧɵ ɝɨɪɚ ɿ ɫɦɭɬɤɭ ɫɶɩɹɤɨɬɧɵ ɥɟɬɧɿ ɞɡɟɧɶ Ƚɥɭɯɿ ɿ ɡɦɭɱɚɧɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɿ ɧɚ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɭ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɩɵɧɹɸ ɱɵɫɹ ɲɵɛɚɜɚʆ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ Ȭɧ ɡɧɚɪɨɤ ɩɚɡɶɛɹɝɚʆ ɞɚɪɨɝɚʆ, ɩɚɥɹɜɵɯ ɲɥɹɯɨʆ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɫɶɰɟɠɚɤ ɿ ɿɲɨʆ ɧɚʆɩɪɚɫɬɤɿ ² ɰɟ ɪɚɡ ɩɚɥɿ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɵ ɫɟɧɚɠɚɰɿ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɤɿɹ ɥɹɫɤɿ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɦɿɧɚʆ ɭɡɝɨɪɤɿ ɬɪɵɦɚʆɫɹ ɧɿɡɿɧ ɿ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ əɝɨ ɛɨɬɵ ɜɵɦɚɤɥɿ ʆ ɪɚ ɧɿɲɧɹɣ ɪɚɫɟ ɬɪɚɜɚ ɫɶɰɟɪɥɚ ɿɯ ɞɚ ɛɟɥɚɣ ɫɵɪɚɦɹɰɿ ɭ ɤɭɫɬɚɯ ɿ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɟ ɩɚ ɫɚɦɵ ɩɨɹɫ ɧɚɛɪɵɧɹɥɚ ɚɞɡɟɧɶɧɟ Ʉɚɥɿ ɞɨɛɪɚ ʆɡɶɧɹɥɨɫɹ ɫɨɧɰɚ ɬɪɚɜɚ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɩɚɞɫɨɯɥɚ ɿ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɥɹɝ ɱɷɣ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɹ ɱɭʆ ɿ ɬɚɦɭ ɤɚɛ ɧɹ ɬɪɚɩɿɰɶ ɭ ɹɤɭɸ ɛɹɞɭ ɲɬɨɪɚɡ ɚɡɿɪɚʆɫɹ ɚ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɜɵɯɨɞɡɿʆ ɧɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɿ ɿ ɚɫɶ ɰɹɪɨɠɧɚ ɚɝɥɹɞɚʆ ɚɛɲɚɪɵ Ȭɧ ɫɩɚɞɡɹɜɚʆɫɹ ʆɛɚɱɵɰɶ ɞɡɟ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɚɞɡɧɚɤɿ ɛɨɸ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɵ ɫɧɚɪɚɞɚʆ ɰɿ ɛɚɦɛɺɠɤɭ ɚɥɟ ʆɫɸɞɵ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɡɹɥɺɧɵ ɥɟɬɧɿ ɤɪɚɣ ɤɭɱɚɪɚɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɥɹɫɵ ɿ ɩɟ ɪɚɥɟɫɤɿ ɤɚɥɚɫɿɥɚɫɹ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɚ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɡ ɡɚ ɤɪɚɹɜɿɞɭ ʆ ɦɧɨɝɿɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɯ ɿɲɥɿ ɞɵɦɵ ɹɧɵ ɧɹɩɷʆɧɵɦɿ ɩɥɹɦɚɦɿ ɪɚɫɶɰɹɤɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɧɟɛɟ ɭ ɫɭɯɿɦ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɵɦ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɩɚɯɥɚ ɝɨɪɤɿɦ ɞɵɦɚɦ ɩɚɠɚɪɵɲɱɚʆ ² ɧɟɞɡɟ ɝɚɪɷɥɿ ɬɚɪɮɹɧɿɤɿ Ʉɚɥɿ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɞɧɟɥɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡ ɧɟɣɤɚɟ ɜɵɫɩɵ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɚɝ ɥɟɞɡɟʆ ɧɚɜɚɤɨɥɶɥɟ ɿ ɧɹ ʆɛɚɱɵʆɲɵ ɧɿɹɤɿɯ ɚɞɡɧɚɤ ɜɨɣɫɤɚ ɪɚɫɤɪɭɰɿʆ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɋɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɺɧ ɡɶɧɹʆ ɛɥɿɫɤɭɱɵ ɧɚɤɚɧɟɱɧɿɤ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɪɚɫɩɚɪɨʆ ɿɦ ɲɜɨ ɿ ɡɝɚɪɧɭʆ ɩɚɥɨɬɧɿɲɱɚ əɧɨ ɧɹ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɥɚɞɧ ɚ ɩɪɵɲɥɨɫɹ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɫɯ ɭɞɧɟɥɵɦ ɰɟɥɟ ɚɥɟ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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101
ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɚ ɩɪɵɯɚɜɚɥɚ ɲɨʆɤɚɜɭɸ ɱɵɪɜɚɧɶ ɚ ɩɚɩɪɭɝɚ ɩɚɞɰɿɫɧɭɥɚ ɿ ɡɚɦɚɰɚɜɚɥɚ ɫɤɪɭɬɚɤ Ɍ ɚɤ ɝɥɭɯɿ ɡ ɚɞɡɿɧɚɣ ɝɪɚɧɚɬɚɣ ɭ ɤɿɲɷɧɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɜɵɩɪɚɜɿʆɫɹ ʆɞɚɥɟɱ ɍ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɦɟɫɰ ɵ ɤɚɥɹ ɥɟɫɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɚ ɩɚɬɤɚʆ ɰɷɥɚɟ ɩɨɥɟ ɫɭɧɿɰ ɉɚɞ ɪɷɞɤɿɦ ɥɿɫɶɰɟɦ ɩɚɧɿɤɲɵ ɞɨɥɭ ɜɿɫɟɥɿ ɫɚɤɚɜɿɬɵɹ ɹɪɤɚ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɵɹ ɹɝɚɞɵ ɍɛɚɱɵʆɲɵ ɿɯ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɧɟɡɜɵɱɚ ɣɧɵ ɝɨɥɚɞ ɿ ɚɠ ɩɚɯɿɫɧɭʆɫɹ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɫɬɪɚ ɰɿʆɲɵ ɫɿɥɭ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɡɪ ɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɺɧ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɜɿɧɟɧ ɩɚɞ ɫɿɥɤɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɿɧ ɚɤɲ ɧɟ ɞɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɹɦɭ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɿ ɧɟ ʆɪɚɬɚ ɜɚɰɶ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɉɪɵɫɬɭɩ ɝɨɥɚɞɭ ɛɵʆ ɬɚɤɿ ɦɨɰɧɵ ɲɬɨ ɧɹ ɝɪɷɛɭɸɱɵ ɥɿɫɶɰ ɟɦ ɤɭɡɭɪɤɚɦɿ ɿ ɱɚɪɜɹɤɚɦɿ ɲɬɨ ɥɿɩɥɿ ɞɚ ɩɟɪɚɫɶɩɟɥɵɯ ɹɝ ɚɞ ɺɧ ɡɝɪɚɛɚʆ ɿɯ ɡ ɝɚɥɿɧɚ ɤ ɡɚɫɤɚɪɭɡɥɵɦɿ ɞɚɥɨɧɹɦɿ ɿ ɝɥɵɬɚʆ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɚɠɨʆɜɚɸɱɵ Ɇ ɚɛɵɰɶ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɩɨʆɡɚʆ ɺɧ ɬɭɬ ɦɿɠ ɝɚɪɷɥɵɯ ɩɧɺʆ ɧɚ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɞɡɹɥɹɧɟ ɚɥɟ ɝɨɥɚɞ ɧɟ ɡɶɦɹɧɲɚʆɫɹ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚʆɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɬ ɪɚɰɿʆ ɝɷɬɭɥɶɤɿ ɱɚɫɭ ɿ ɚɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɲɵɫɹ ɩɚ ɛɚɤɚɯ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɞɚɥɟɣ əɲɱɷ ɞɜɚ ɞɧɿ ɿ ɞɡɶɜɟ ɧɨɱɵ ɿɲɨʆ ɺɧ ɫɩɚɞɡɟɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɚɩɚɬɤɚɰɶ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɚɦɭ ɦɿɧɚʆ ɜɺɫɤɿ ɿ ʆɯɿɥɹʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɫɭɫ ɬɪɷɱ ɡ ɥɸɞɡɶɦɿ Ɋɚɛɿʆ ɺɧ ɝɷɬɚ ɧɟ ɚɞ ɫɬɪɚɯɭ ɬɪɚɩɿɰɶ ɭ ɪɭɤɿ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɚ ɬɚɦɭ ɲɬɨ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɝɥɹɞɡɟɰɶ ɧɚ ɱɭɠɨɟ ɝɨɪɚ Ʉɭɫɨɤ ɯɥɟɛɚ ɡ ɫɚɥɚɦ ɡɞɚɛɵɬɵ ɚɞɧɨɣɱɵ ʆ ɞɚɥɺɤɚɣ ɥɹɫɧɨɣ ɜɺɫ ɰɵ ɺɧ ɡɶɟʆ ɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɡɧɨʆ ɝɚɥɚɞɚʆ Ⱦɨɛɪɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɲɬɨ ɧɚ ɥɹɫɧɵɯ ɩɪɵɩɚɥɿɧɚɯ ɬɪɚɩɥɹɥɚ ɲɦɚɬ ɫɭɧɿɰ ɧɚ ɿɦɲɚɪɵɧɚɯ ɜɵɫɶɩɹɜɚɥɿ ɱɚɪɧɿɰɵ ɚɥɟ ɧɚɟɞɚɤ ɡ ɹɝɚɞ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɛɵʆ ɞɪɷɧɧɵ Ȭɧ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɫɯɭɞɧɟʆ ɿ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɿʆ ɭ ɪɭɱɚɹɯ ɚɠ ɩɚɥɨɯɚʆɫɹ ɧɟ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɩɚɡɧɚɸɱɵ ɫɹɛɟ ɋɥɵɯ ɹɝɨ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɩɚɥɟɩɲɵʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɭɠɨ ɱɭʆ ɹɤ ɤɪɭɦɤɚɸɰɶ ɜɚɪɨɧɵ ʆ ɟɥɶɧɿ ɤɭ ɧɟɜɵɪɚɡɧɵɦ ɩɪɵɰɿɲɚɧɵɦ ɝɭɥɚɦ ɞɚɧɨɫɿʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɲɭɦ ɫɚɦɚɥɺɬɚʆ ɭ ɧɟɛɟ ɇɚɞɜɹɱɨɪɤɚɦ ɱɚɰɶɜɺɪɬɚɝɚ ɞɧɹ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɟɪɚɣɲɨʆ ɡɹ ɥɺɧɚɟ ɚʆɫɹɧɚɟ ɩɨɥɟ ɿ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɩɚ ɧɚɞ ɭɡɶɥɟɫɤɚɦ ɲɬɨ ɤɪɵ ɜɨɣ ɥɿɧɿɹɣ ɚɝɿɧɚʆ ɩɚɥɿ Ⱦɡɟɧɶ ɛɵʆ ɫɨɧɟɱɧɵ ɿ ɜɟɬɪɚɧɵ ɩɚ ɧɟɛɟ ɫɹɦ ɬɚɦ ɩɥɵɥɿ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɤɿɹ ɜɨɛɥɚɱɤɿ ɥɟɫ ɦɚɪɤɨɬɧɚ ɿ ɧɹɡɦɨʆɱɧɚ ɲɭɦɟʆ ɿ ɝɷɬɤɿɦ ɠɚ ɦɚɪɤɨɬɧɵɦ ɬɥɭɦɚɦ ɩɨʆɧɿɥɚɫɹ ɯɥɚɩɟɱɚɹ ɝɚɥɚ ɜɚ ɑɚɫɚɦ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɸ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɫɶɧɿɰɶ ɭɫɺ ɝɷɬɚ 102
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɟ ɛɚɟɰ ɿ ɧɹɦɚ ɧɿɹɤɚɣ ɜɚɣɧɵ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɺɧ ɡɜɚɪ¶ɹɰɟʆ ɿ ɬɭɥɹɟɰɰɚ ɩɚ ɚɛɲɚɪɚɯ ɑɚɫɚɦ ɺɧ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɧɟɲɱɚɫɶɥɿɜɵɦ ɫɥɚɛɵɦ ɿ ɯɚɰɟɥɚɫɹ ɹɦɭ ɩɥɚɤɚɰɶ ɚɞ ɠɚɥɸ ɞɚ ɫɹɛɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɫɶɰɿɫɤɚʆ ɩɚɩɪɭɝɚɣ ɫɜɚɸ ɧɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɭɸ ɧɨɲɭ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɜɚʆ ɜɨɥɸ ɿ ɩɪɵɦɭɲɚʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɛɵɰɶ ɦɭɠɧɟɣɲɵɦ Ⱥɝɥɹɞɜɚɸɱɵ ɩɨɥɟ ɹɪɵɧɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɰɿʆ ɲɬɨ ɚʆɫɹɧɵɹ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɿ ʆ ɦɧɨɝɿɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɯ ɛɵɥɿ ɩɚɬɚɩɬɚɧɵ ɡɛɥɵ ɬɚɧɵ ɥɸɞɫɤɿɦɿ ɫɶɥɹɞɚɦɿ ɑɚɫɬɚ ɫɭɫɬɪɚɤɚɥɿɫɹ ɩɚɥɨɫɵ ɬɚɧ ɤɚɜɵɯ ɝɭɫɟɧɿɰ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɿɥɶɧɚ ʆɝɥɹɞɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɫɶɥɹɞɵ ɛɨɸ ɿ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɧɹ ʆɫɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɚɞ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɤɚɥɿ ʆɛɚɱɵʆ ɭ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɚɣ ɥɚɝɱɵɧɟ ɚɛɩɚɥɟɧɵ ɿ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɵ ʆɠɨ ɜɚɪɨɠɵ ɬɚɧɤ ɉɪɚɰɹɝɧɭʆɲɵ ɡɚ ɫɚɛɨɸ ʆ ɚʆɫɟ ɞɡɶɜɟ ɤɪɵɜɵɹ ɫɶɰɟɠɤɿ ɺɧ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɬɚɦ ɧɟ ɞɚɩɨʆɡɲɵ ɹɤɿɯ ɞɡɟɫɹɰɿ ɤɪɨɤɚʆ ɞɚ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɚɝɚ ɚɤɨɩɱɵɤɚ ɹɱɷɣɤɿ Ⱥɤɨɩɱɵɤ ɝɷɬɵ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɩɚɫɶ ɩɟɲɥɿɜɚ ɜɵɤɚɩɚɧɵ ɧɟɣɤɿɦ ɫɩɪɵɬɧɵɦ ɛɚɣɰɨɦ ɛɵʆ ɩɭɫ ɬɵ ɧɚ ɛ ɪɭɫɬ ɜɟɪɵ ɩɚɛɥɿɫɤɜɚ ɥɿ ɫɶɜɟɠɵɹ ɜɿɧ ɬɨɜɚɱ ɧɵɹ ɝɿɥɶɡɵ ɛɹɥɟɥɚ ɤɥɨɱɱɚ ɝɚɡɟɬɧɚɣ ɩɚɩɟɪɵ Ⱥɞɫɸɥɶ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɩɚɫɥɚʆ ɛɚɟɰ ɩɚɝɿɛɟɥɶ ɬɨɣ ɜɚɪɨɠɚɣ ɝɪɚɦɚɞɡɿɧɟ ɿ ɜɵɪɚɬɚ ɜɚʆɫɹ ɫɚɦ Ⱥ ɬɚɧɤ ɚɩɚɥɿʆɲɵ ɧɚɜɨɤɚɥ ɹɪɵɧɭ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɭɠɨ ɛɟɡɞɚɩɚɦɨɠɧɵ ɿ ɦɺɪɬɜɵ ɝɚɪɦɚɬɧɵ ɫɬɜɨɥ ɫɤɪɵɜɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɛɨɤ ɥɸɤɿ ɛɵɥɿ ɪɚɫɱɵɧɟɧɵ ɿ ɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɲɬɨ ɞɡɿɪɤɚɣ ɱɚɪɧɟʆ ɭ ɛɨɪɰɟ ɡɶɜɿɫɚɥɚ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɚɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɶ ɦɺɪɬɜɚɝɚ ɬɚɧɤɿɫɬɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɟɪɚɫɿɥɶɜɚɸɱɵ ɚɝɿɞɭ ɧɟɪɚɲɭɱɚ ɩɚɞɵɲɨʆ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɫɚ ɡɥɨɫɧɚɣ ɪɚɞɚɫɶɰɸ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɧɚ ɚɛɩɚɥɟɧɵɹ ɚɝɧɺɦ ɤɪɵ ɠɵ ɧɚ ɛɚɤɭ ɡɚɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɭ ɥɸɤ Ɍ ɚɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɺɦɧɚ ɫɶɦɹɪɞɡɟɥɚ ɩɚɥɟɧɚɣ ɝɭɦɚɣ ɿ ɝɚɪɷɥɚɣ ɚɧɭɱɚɣ ɇɨɝɿ ɬɚɧɤɿɫɬɚ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɥɸɤɭ ɚ ɪɭɤɿ ɜɿɫɟɥɿ ɧɚɞ ɚʆɫɹɧɵɦ ɞɨɥɚɦ ȼɟɰɟɪ ɪɚɫɤɭɞɡɟɥɿʆ ɛɹɥɹɜɵɹ ɜɚɥɚɫɵ ɧɚ ɲɷɪɭɸ ɫɬɪɵɠɚɧɭɸ ɩɚ ɬɵɥɿɰɭ ʆɠɨ ɥɺɝ ɫɥɨɣ ɩɵɥɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɹ ɫɬɚʆ ɡɚɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚɰɰɚ ɡ ɚɝɿɞɚɣ ɩɥɸɧɭʆ ɭ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɭ ɿ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɫɚɛɟ ɲɬɨ ɺɫɶɰɶ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɩɚɝɿɛɟɥɶ ɿ ɧɚ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɫɬɚɥɺɜɭɸ ɧɚɜɚɥɭ Ɇɨ¶ ɝɷɬɵ ɫɚɦɵ ɜɨɫɶ ɬɚɧɤ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɞɡɺɧ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɡ ɿɧɲɵɦɿ ɝɚɧɹʆ ɹɝɨ ɩɚ ɬɵɦ ɩɨɥɿ ɞɡɟ ɡɚɝɿɧɭɥɿ ɪɷɲɬɤɿ ɩɚɥɤɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɡɶɧɿɲɱɵʆ ɝɷɬɚɟ ɫɬɪɚɲɵɞɥɚ ɭɪɚɬɚɜɚʆɲɵ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɦɨ¶ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɦɧɨɝɿɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɍ ɞɪɭɝɿɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɡɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɹɲɱɷ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɝɪɨɡɧɵɯ ɿ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɵɯ ɦɚɲɵɧ ɍɫɟ ɹɧɵ ɫɬɚ ɹɥɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɵɹ ɿ ɦɺɪɬɜɵɹ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ʆɡɪɚɞɚ ɜɚʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɭɞɚɱɵ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɵɯ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɿ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɩɪɵɛɵɥɨ ɫɿɥɵ ɤɚɛ ɤɪɨɱɵɰɶ ɞɚɥɟɣ Ɍ ɚɤ ɺɧ ɿɲɨʆ ɩɚ ɧɚɞ ɭɡɶɥɟɫɤɚɦ ɿ ɧɚɬɪɚɩɿʆɲɵ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɹ ɜɭɸ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɡɛɨɱɵʆ ɧɚ ɹɟ Ⱦɚɪɨɝɚ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɩɚɜɹɪɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɥɟɫ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɪɚɡɞɭɦɜɚɸɱɵ ɰɿ ɜɚɪɬɚ ɹɦɭ ɬɪɵɦɚɰɰɚ ɹɟ ɰɿ ɧɹ ɥɟɩɲ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɧɚɩɪɚɫɬɤɿ ɚɥɟ ɞɭ ɲɷʆɧ ɵ ʆɡɞɵɦ ɚɞ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɹɝɚ ɜɿɞɨɜɿɲɱɚ ɡɚ ɝɥɭɲɵʆ ɚɩɚ ɫɟɧɶɧɿ ɯ ɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɩɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ Ⱦɚɪɨɝɚ ɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɯɜɚɺɜɵɦ ɫɨɧɟɱɧɵɦ ɛɨɪɚɦ ɍ ɥɟɫɟ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɩɚɯɥɚ ɯɜɨɹɣ ɿ ʆɝɪɷɬɚɣ ɧɚ ɫɨɧɰɵ ɫɦɚɥɨɣ ɉɚɜɟɬɪɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɭɯɨɟ ɝɭɫɬɨɟ ɿ ɰɹɝɭɱɚɟ ɋɨɫɧɵ ɝɥɭɯɚ ɿ ɩɪɚɰɹɠɧɚ ɲɭɦɟɥɿ ʆɝɚɪɵ ɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɫɥɚɧɵɦ ɿɝɥɿɰɚɣ ɞɨɥɟ ɡɿɯɚɰɟɥɿ ɦɿɬɭɫɶɥɿɜɵɹ ɫɨɧɟɱɧɵɹ ɩɥɹɦɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɹɱɭɬɧɚ ɫɬɭɩɚʆ ɩɚ ɝɷɬɚɦɭ ɦɹɤ ɤɚɦɭ ɛɵ ɜɚɬɚɣ ɩɚɞɛɿɬɚɦɭ ɞɨɥɭ ɿ ʆɫɩɚɦɿɧɵ ɞɡɹɰɿɧɫɬɜɚ ɡɶɜɹɡɚɧɵɹ ɡ ɛɨɪɚɦ ɦɪɨɿɥɿɫɹ ɧɟɞɡɟ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɞɭɲɵ Ⱥɥɟ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɛɵɥɿ ɚɛ ɿɧɲɵɦ Ȭɧ ɭɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɿɦɤɧɭʆɫɹ ʆɹɜɿɰɶ ɫɚɛɟ ɰɿ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ʆ ɤɪɚɿɧɭ ɩɪɚɧɿɤɥɿ ɜɨɪɚɝɿ ɞɡɟ ɿ ɹɤ ɫɬɪɵɦɚɸɰɶ ɿɯ ɿ ɹɤ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɞɭɦɚɸɰɶ ɬɚɦ ɩɪɚ ɿɯ ɡɚɝɿɧɭʆɲɵ ɩɨɥɤ Ⱥɞ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɲɬɨ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɺɧ ɡɚɬɪɵɦɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɲɬɨ ɦɚɪɭɞɧɚ ɧɹɫɭɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɧɨɝɿ ɭ ɞɭɲɵ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ʆɡɶɧɿɤɚɥɚ ɬɪɵɜɨɝɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɩɚɫɤɚɪɚʆ ɤɪɨɤ Ⱥ ɛɨɪ ɭɫɺ ɰɹɝɧɭʆɫɹ ɿ ɰɹɝɧɭʆɫɹ ɚɛɚɩɚɥ ɜɭɡɟɧɶɤɚɣ ɤɪɵ ɜɨɣ ɞɚɪɨɠɤɿ ɜɚɤɨɥ ɧɟɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɚ ɝɚɦɚɧɿɥɿ ɫɨɫɧɵ ɇɚɞɜɹɱɨɪɤɚɦ ɛɨɪ ɩɪɵɰɿɯ Ⱥɛɥɿɬɵɹ ɧɿɡɤɿɦ ɫɨɧɰɚɦ ɝɚ ɪɚɱɚɣ ɦɟɞɞɡɸ ɡɡɹɥɿ ɫɚɫɧɨɜɵɹ ɜɟɪ ɲɚɥɿɧɵ ɪɚɡɥɚɩɿɫɬɚɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɟ ɫɭɱɱɚ ɿɯ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɚ ɜɿɫɟɥɚ ʆ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ɍɝɚɪɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɿɞɧɚ ɚ ɦɿɠ ɤɚɦɥɺʆ ɭ ɞɨɥɟ ɡɝɭɲɱɚʆɫɹ ɡɦɪɨɤ ɋɬɭɥɿɥɚɫɹ ɪɷɞɤɚɟ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟ ɿ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɹ ɫɨɫɧɵ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɱɧɵ ɯɚɥɚɞɨɤ Ʌɟɫ ɧɟɹɤ ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɵʆɫɹ ɩɪɵɰɿɯ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆɝɚɪɵ ɚɛɲɭɤɜɚɸɱɵ ɯɜɚɺɜɵɹ ɫɬɜɚɥɵ ɧɚɫɿɥɿɫɹ ɝɥɿɧɹɧɤɿ ² ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɿɹ ɠɜɚɜɵɹ ɩɬɭɲɤɿ ɧɹɫɬɨɦɧɵɹ ɩɪɚɰɚʆɧɿɤɿ ɛɨɪɭ Ⱥɞ ɩɪɚɰɹɝɥɚɣ ɚɞɡɿɧɨɬɵ ɰɿ ɦɨ¶ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɰɿɲɵɧɿ ɩɚɞ ɜɟɱɚɪ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ɚɩɚɧɚɜɚɥɚ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɚɹ ɬɭɝɚ Ⱦɚɪɨ ɝɚ ɿɲɥɚ ʆɧɿɡ ɚɛɚɩɚɥ ɹɟ ɫɭɰɷɥɶɧɵɦ ɲɱɵɥɶɧɵɦ ɧɚɬɨʆɩɚɦ ɦɹɫɶɰɿʆɫɹ ɯɜɚɺɜɵ ɦɚɥɚɞɧɹɤ ɭ ɿɦ ɩɚɧɚɜɚʆ ɭɠɨ ɡɦɪɨɤ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɱɚɦɭɫɶɰɿ ɧɟ ɚɞɜɚɠɜɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɞɚ 104
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɥɟɣ ɧɿɛɵ ɦɟɧɚɜɿɬɚ ɬɭɬ ɱɚɤɚɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɹɤɚɹ ɛɹɞɚ Ȭɧ ɩɚɫɥɭ ɯɚʆ ɿ ɩɪɵɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɫɹ ² ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɩɚɞɚɡɪɨɧɚɝɚ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɧɹɫɶɦɟɥɚ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɬɭɥɹɱɵɫɹ ɞɚ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɛɨɤɭ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ Ƚɷɬɚ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɵʆ ɥɟɫɚɝɚɞɚɜɚɥɶɧɿɤ ɹɝɨ ɦɚɥɚɞɧɹɤ ɪɚɫɶɰɹɝɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɲɦɚɬ ɤɿɥɚɦɟɬɪɚʆ ɿ ʆ ɿɦ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɧɚɩɚɬɤɚ ɥɚ ɧɨɱ əɧɚ ɩɚɜɨɥɿ ɪɚɫɩɚʆɡɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɚ ɞɨɥɭ ɡɦɪɨɤɚɦ ɚɯɭɬɜɚɥɚ ɞɪɷɜɵ ɫɿɜɵɦ ɬɭɦɚɧɚɦ ɡɚɰɹɝɧɭɥɚ ɧɿɡɿɧɵ ɧɟɛɚ ɫɶɰɹɦɧɟɥɚ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞɡɟ ɿ ɧɚɞ ɞɚɪɨɝɚɣ ɡɚɝɚɪɷɥɚɫɹ ɩɟɪɲɚɹ ɡɨɪɤɚ ² ɚɞɡɿɧɨɤɚɹ ɿ ɫɚɦɨɬɧɚɹ ɹɤ ɿ ɞɭɲɚ ɥɹɫɧɨɝɚ ɩɚɞɚɪɨɠɧɿɤɚ ɍɪɷɲɰɟ ɛɟɡ ɭɫɹɤɿɯ ɩɚɞɫɬɚʆ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɩɚɜɿɧɟɧ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ Ⱥɞɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɿ ɧɟ ɩɪɚɯɨɞɡɿ ɥɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɡɶɜɹɪɧɭʆ ɡ ɩɹɫɱɚɧɚɣ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ʆ ɝɭɫɬɵ ɡɦɪɨɤ ɥɟɫɭ Ȭɧ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɞɡɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɬɚɹ ɛɹɞɚ ɚɞ ɹɤɨɣ ɭɰɹɤɚʆ ɺɧ ɚɥɟ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɫɿɥɚ ɲɬɭɪɯɚɥɚ ɿ ɰɹɝɧɭɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɭ ɝɭɲ ɱɚɪ ɭ ɡɦɪɨɤ ɫɚɫɶɧɹɤɭ Ƚɚɥɶɥɺ ɛɚɥɸɱɚ ɞɪɚɩɚɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɪɭɤɿ ɬɜɚɪ ɫɭɯɿɹ ɚɛɥɚɦɚɧɵɹ ɫɭɤɿ ɧɿɛɵ ɲɬɵɤɿ ɭɩɿɪɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɧɵɹ ɝɪɭɞɡɿ ɚ ɺɧ ɥɟɡ ɿ ɥɟɡ ɡɚɩɥɸɲɱɵʆɲɵ ɜɨɱɵ ɡ ɞɚɩɚɦɨ ɝɚɣ ɪɭɤ ɩɪɚɫɨʆɜɚɸɱɵ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ ɫɜɚɺ ɰɟɥɚ əɝɨɧɚɹ ɛ ɚɪɚɰɶɛɚ ɡ ɫɚɫɶɧɹɤɨɦ ɭ ɫɭɰɷɥɶɧɚɣ ɰɟɦɪɵ ɧɨɱɵ ɛɵɥɚ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɞɨʆɝɚɣ ɿ ɚɞɚɛɪɚɥɚ ɲɦɚɬ ɫɿɥɵ ɍɪɷɲɰɟ ɺɧ ɜɵɥɟɡ ɧɚ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɥɭɠɨɤ ɭ ɧɟɛɟ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɠɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɰɺɦɧɚ ɿ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɚ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɚ ɦɿɬɭɫɿɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɦ ɛɟɡɶɥɿɱ ɡɨɪ Ⱥɞɱɭɜɚ ɸɱɵ ɩɪɚɡ ɛɨɬɵ ɜɿɥɶɝɨɬɧɵ ɯɚɥɚɞɨɤ ɪɚɫɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɟɪɚɣ ɲɨʆ ɥɭɠɨɤ ɿ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɥɹ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɤɭɞɵ ɩɚ ɞɚɰɰɚ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɉɪɚɡ ɝɚɥɶɥɺ ɩɚɛɥɿɫɤɜɚɥɚ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɫɶɜɟɬɥɚɟ ɺɧ ɩɪɵɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɫɹ ² ɝɷɬɚ ɰɹɤɥɚ ɪɭɱɚɿɧɚ Ɍ ɭɬ ɠɚ ɥɹ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤɭ ɱɨɪɧɚɣ ɝ ɪɭɞɤɚɣ ɰɹɦɧɟʆ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɿ ɫɬɚɠɨɤ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɟɤɚ ɬɨɪɵ ɱɚɫ ɭɬɪɚɩɺɧɚ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɭ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤ ɭɫɥɭɯɨʆɜɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɧɚɜɚɤɨɥɶɥɟ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɜɵɪɚɡɶɧɟɣ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɚɫɥɚɛɟʆ ɞɚɲ ɱɷɧɬɭ ɿ ʆɠɨ ɧɹ ɦɨɠɚ ɧɿɤɭɞɵ ɩɚɞɚɰɰɚ ɚɞɝɷɬɭɥɶ Ɍɚɞɵ ɺɧ, ɯɿɫɬɚɸɱɵɫɹ, ɞɚɛɪɵʆ ɞɚ ɫɬɚɠɤɚ ɿ ɡɚɜɚɥɿʆɫɹ ɩɚɞ ɿɦ ɧɚ ɩɚ ɯɭɱɚɟ ɯ ɪɭɫɬɤɚɟ ɫɟɧɚ ɋɨɧ ɹɤ ɫɶɦɟɪɰɶ ɡɝɚɫɿʆ ɩɟɬɪɭɫɺɜɵ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɿ ɏɥɨ ɩɟɰ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɩɪɚɜɚɥɿʆɫɹ ʆ ɧɟɣɤɭɸ ɰɟɦɪɭ ɧɹɛɵɬɭ ɡɶɧɿɤɥɿ ɚɞɥɹɰɟɥɿ ɚɞ ɹɝɨ ɧɟɚɞɱɷɩɧɵɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ɿ ɬɭɪɛɨɬɵ ² ɿ ɜɚɣɧɚ ɿ ɛɹɞɚ ɿ ɿɦɤɧɟɧɶɧɿ Ɂ ɦɨɪɚɧɵ ɿ ɡɦɭɱɚɧɵ ɺɧ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɫɩɚʆ ɧɚ ɠɨɪɫɬɤɿɦ ɦɭɪɚɝɭ ɚɛɲɱɚɩɿʆɲɵ ɫɜɚɟ ɝɪɭɞɡɿ ɞɡɟ ɦɭɥɹɥɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɞɚɪɚɝɚɹ ɧɨɲɚ ɇɚɞ ɿɦ ɭɝɚɪɵ ɩɚɥɚɯɥɿɜɚ ɿ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɚ ɦɿɝɚ ɰɟɥɿ ɡɨɪɵ ɱɨɪɧɵɦɿ ɞɡɿɜɨɫɧɵɦɿ ɥɚɩɚɦɿ ɚɞɛɿɜɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɧɟɛɟ ɝɚɥɿɧɵ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɠɭɪɛɨɬɧɚ ɚɛ ɧɟɱɵɦ ɛɟɡɧɚɞɡɟɣɧɚ ɫɭɦɧɵɦ ɠɭɪɱɷɥɚ ʆ ɪɭɱɚɿɧɟ ɜɚɞɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɿ ʆɧɚɱɵ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɩɚɤɨɸ ɫɬɨɦɥɟɧɚɣ ɞɭɲɵ Ʌɟɞɡɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆɫɬɚɥɹɜɚʆɫɹ ɫɨɧ ɯɥɨɩɰɭ ɩɚɱɚɥɿ ɫɶɧɿɰɰɚ ɬɪɵɜɨɠ ɧɵɹ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɵɹ ɫɧɵ ɇɹ ʆ ɫɬɚɧɟ ɩ ɚɡɛɵɰɰɚ ɫɬɪɚɯɭ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɫ ɶɧɟ ɚɩɚɧɚɜɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɟɹɤ ɭɫɬɪɚɩɹɧɭʆɫɹ ɿ ɩɪɚɱɧ ɭʆɫɹ Ȭɧ ɩɚɞ ɧɹʆɫɹ ɧɚʆɤɨɥɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɚɹ ɰɟɦɪɚ ɥɟ ɞɡɶ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɲɭ ɦɟɥɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟ ɋɷɪɰɚ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɫɬɭɤɚɥɚ ʆ ɝɪɭɞɡɹɯ ɫɶɩɿɧɚ ɿ ɛɨɤ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɚɡɹɛɥɿ ɚɞ ɪɚɫɵ ɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɫɤɚɥɚɧɭɥɿ ɞɪɵɠɵɤɿ ɋɩɚɥɨɯ ɚ ɞɧɚɤ ɩɚɤɪɵɫɟ ɪɚ ɡɶɜɟɹʆɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɬɪ ɵɜɨɝɚ ʆɠɨ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɡɚɜɚɥɨɞɚɥɚ ɩɟɬɪɭɫɺɜɚɣ ɿɫɬɨɬɚɣ , ʆɫɺ ɠ ɦɚɰɧɟɣ ɡɚ ʆɫɺ ɿɧɲɚɟ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɛɵʆ ɫɨɧ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɺɧ ɡɧɨʆ ɡɚɩɥɸɲɱɵʆ ɯɥɨɩɰɚɜɵ ɜɨɱɵ ɿ ɛɚɟɰ ɫɤɭɪɱɵʆɲɵɫɹ ɚɞ ɯɨɥɚɞɭ ɡɧɨʆ ɩɚɜɚɥɿʆɫɹ ʆ ɫɟɧɚ ɇɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɦɿɧɭɥɚ ɱɚɫɭ ɹɤ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɛɚɥɸ ɱɚ ɲɬɭɪɯɧɭʆ ɹɝɨ ʆ ɛɨɤ ɋɨɧɧɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ʆɫɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɿ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ʆɛɚɱɵʆ ɧɚɞ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɧɟɣɤɚɝɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ʆ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɚɪɦɟɣɫɤɚɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɡ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɚɣ ɭ ɩɿɥɨɬɰɵ ² ɺɧ ɲɬɭɪɯɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ʆ ɛɨɤ ɿ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɫɚ ɫɧɭ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɹɝɨɧɵɯ ɫɥɨʆ ɚɥɟ ɧɚ ɧɹɝɨɥɟɧɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɛɚɣɰɚ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɦɚɪɤɨɬɧɵɯ ɜɚɱɚɯ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɬɪɵɜɨɝɭ ɿ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ʆɫɤɨ ɱɵʆ ɡ ɫɟɧɚ ² Ȼɹɠɵ ɯɭɬɱɷɣ ɇɭ Ⱥɞɱɭɜɚɸɱɵ ɧɹɞɨɛɪɚɟ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɉɪɚɡ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɚ ɡ ɫɬɪɚɤɚɬɵɦɿ ɫɥɭɩɤɚɦɿ ɧɚ ɧɚɫɵ ɩɟ ɬɚɦ ɝɪɭɤɚɰɟɥɿ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɛɪɚɡɝɚɬɚɥɿ ɩɚɪɨɠɧɿɹ ɛɨɱɤɿ ɿ ɫɧɨʆɞɚɥɿ ɧɟɦɰɵ Ƚɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ² ɹɤɿɯ ɬɪɵɰɰɚɰɶ ɤɪɨɤɚʆ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ Ɂɪɚɡɭɦɟʆɲɵ ɛɹɞɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɯ ɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɜɵɪɚɬɨʆɰɚɦ ɭɡɞɨʆɠ ɪɭɱɚɿɧɵ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɦɟɫɰɚ Ɂɚ ɿɦɿ ɧɹɫɩɪɵɬɧɚ ɩɚ ɫɬɚɪɷɱɚɦɭ ɩɚɞɫɤɨɤɜɚɸɱɵ ɛɟɝ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɛɨɫɵ ɫɿɜɵ ɞɡɹɞɨɤ ɡ ɤɥɭɧɤɚɦ ɭ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɉɚɪɚɞɤɚɦ ɭɠɨ ɚɞ ɛɟɝɲɵ ɚɞ ɬɚɟ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɬɪɨɟ ɡɶɜɟɞɡɟɧɵɯ ɜɵɩɚɞɤɚɦ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɡɚɦɚɪɭɞɡɿɥɿ ɤɪɨɤ ɩɚɣɲɥɿ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɤɚɣ ɧɚɞ ɪɚʆɤɨɦ ɿ ɛɚɟɰ ɡ ɞɚɤɨɪɚɦ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɸ 106
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
² ɒɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɵ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɪɚɡɶɥɺɝɫɹ ɥɹ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ" ɐɿ ɞɚ ɧɟɦɰɚʆ ɡɚɯɚɰɟʆ" ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɤɚɧɱɚɬɤɨɜɚ ʆɠɨ ɚɞɚɝɧɚʆɲɵ ɫɨɧ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɭ ɬɜɚɪ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɭ ² əɤɨɟ ɞɚ ɧɟɦɰɚʆ ɍɧɚɱɵ ɡ ɥɟɫɭ ɩɪɵɛɿʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɪɚʆɤɚ ɿ ɡɚɫɧɭʆ ɭ ɫɬɚɠɤɭ ² Ⱦɨɛɪɚ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɦɵ ɧɚɬɪɚɩɿɥɿ ɚ ɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɬɚɛɟ ² , ɩɪɚʆɞɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ² ɜɿɧɚɜɚɬɚ ʆɫɶɦɿɯɧɭʆɫɹ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ Ȭɧ ɡ ɰɿɤɚɜɚɫɶɰɸ ɚɝɥɹɞɚʆ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɵɯ ɫɩɚɞɚɪɨɠɧɿ ɤɚʆ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɸɱɵ ɫɹɛɟ ɬɪɨɲɤɿ ɧɿɹɤɚɜɚɬɚ ɡɚ ɫɜɚɸ ɧɟɚɫɶɰɹ ɪɨɠɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɋɟ ɪɠɚɧɬɭ ɫɩɚɞɚɛɚɥɚɫɹ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɛɚɣɰɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɚ ɿ ʆɫ ɹ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɚɹ ɚɦɭɧɿɰɵɹ ² ɩɪɨ ɰɿɜɚɝɚɡ ɩɚɞ ɫɭɦɤɿ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɦɚɥɚɹ ɥɚɩɚɬɤɚ ɧɚ ɛ ɚɤɭ ȼɿɞɚɰɶ ɿ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɟɜɹɫɺɥɵɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ɚɥɟ ɺɧ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɧɹ ʆɩɚʆ ɞɭɯɚɦ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɝɭɛɿʆɫɹ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɹɫɟ ɡɛɪɨɸ Ȭɧ ɧɟɬ ɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɫɬɭɩɚʆ ɫɜɚɿɦɿ ɫɬɚɩɬɚ ɧɵɦɿ ɝɚɦɚɲɚɦɿ ʆ ɡɹɥɺɧɵɯ ɚɛ ɦɨɬɤɚɯ ɿ ɫɩɚ ɤɨɣɧɚ ɛɹɡ ɫɬ ɪɚɯɭ ɚɝɥɹɞɚʆ ɥɹɫɧɨɟ ɧɚɜɚɤɨ ɥɶɥɟ ɍ ɱɚɥɚ ɜɟɤɚ ɛɵɥɿ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɚɞɦɟɬɧɵɹ ɧɚɬɚɩɵɪɚɧɵɹ ɛɪɨɜɵ ɝɥɵɛɨ ɤɚ ɩɚɞ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɯɚɜɚɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɩɚɦɹɪɤɨʆɧɵɹ ʆɞɭɦɥɿɜɵɹ ɜɨɱɵ ɧɚ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɩɚɩɫɭɬɵɦ ɜɨɫɩɚɸ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɩɚɡɿ ɪɚʆ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɯɥɨɩɰɭ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɧ ɟɞɡɟ ʆɠɨ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɝɷɬɵ ɬɜɚɪ ɿ ɝ ɷɬɭɸ ɠɵɥɿɫɬɭɸ ɲɵɸ ɧɚ ɹɤɨɣ ɡɶɥɺɝɫɹ ɡɚɲ ɦɚɥɶɰɚɜɚɧɵ ɚɞ ɩɨɬɭ ɫɚɥɞɚɰɤɿ ɤɚʆɧɟɪ ɡ ɩ ɹɬɥɿɰɚɦɿ Ɇɨ¶ ɛɵɥɨ ɬɭɬ ɲɬɨɫɶɰɿ ɡɚɯɚɜɚɧɚɟ ʆ ɩɚɦɹɰɿ ɡ ɞɡɹɰɿɧɫɬɜɚ ɦɨ¶ ɝɷɬɵ ɬɜɚɪ ɧɟɱɵɦ ɧɚɝɚɞɜɚʆ ɹɝ ɨ ɛɚɰɶɤɭ ɇɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɰɵ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɩɟɪɚɫɬɚʆɥɹɸɱɵ ɛɨɫɵɹ ɧɨɝɿ ɞɵɛɚʆ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɹɝɨ ɫɺɧɶɧɹɲɧɿ ɡɧɚɺɦɵ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɿ ɫɿɜɟɧɶɤɿ ɞɡɟɞ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɩɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɪɭɯɚɜɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɭ ɲɷɪɚɣ ɫɶɜɿɬɰɵ ɿ ɫɬɚɪɨɣ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɚɣ ɲɚɩɰɵ ɡ ɡɹɥɺɧɵɦ ɩɚɬ ɪɷɫɤɚɧɵɦ ɤɚɡɵɪɤɨɦ Ȭɧ ɭɫɶɦɟɲɥɿɜɚ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɿ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɠɜɚɜɵɦ ɬɨɧɚɦ ɝɚɜɚɪɤɨɝɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ² Ɇɵ ɫɚɦɿ ɛɚɱ ɬɵɰɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɥɟɫɭ ɚ ɹɧɵ ɧɚ ɦɚɫɬɤɭ Ʌɟɞɡɶɜɟ ɱɨɪɬɭ ʆ ɥɚɩɵ ɧɹ ɫɤɨɱɵɥɿ ɉɚɲɤɚɞɚɜɚʆ Ȼɨɝ ² ɧɟ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵɥɿ ² Ȼɵɥɨ ɛ ɿ ɜɚɦ ɬɚɞɵ ² ɡɚɡɧɚɱɵʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɿ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɩɪɚ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɡɚ ʆɫɺ ɿɧɲɚɟ ɰɿɤɚɜɿɥɚ ɹɝɨ ² Ⱥ ɤɭɞɵ ɠ ɜɵ ɤɿɪɭɟɰɟ" ² Ⱥ ɬɭɞɵ ² ɦɚɯɧɭʆ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɞɡɟɞ ɡɚ ɪɚʆɱɭɤ ɞɡɟ ʆɠɨ ɧɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɩɚʆɧɟɛɚ ɲɭɝɚɥɚ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɨ ʆɡɵɲɨʆɲɚɝɚ ɚɥɟ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɹ ɛɚɱ ɧɚɝɚ ɡɚ ɥɟɫɚɦ ɫɨɧɰɚ ² Ⱥ ɬɵ ɤɭɞɵ ɿɞɡɟɲ" ² ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɛ ɚɟɰ ² Ⱦɵ ɿ ɹ ɬɭɞɵ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ²ɑɚɫɶɰɶ ɧɚɲɭ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɥɿ ɜɨɫɶ ɿ ɿɞɭ Ⱥ ɧɹ ɱɭɥɿ ɞɡɟ ɧɚɲɵ" ² ɗ ɛɪɚɬɤɚ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ² ɭ ɡɞɵɯɧɭʆ ɞɡɟɞ ² Ʉɚɡɚɥɿ ʆɱɨɪɚ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɚɠ ɩɚɞ ɉɨɥɚɰɤɚɦ Ɍ ɚɹ ɧɚɜɿɧɚ ɹɤ ɩɹɪɭɧ ɡ ɧɟɛɚ ɚɝɥɭɲɵɥɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɇɟɣɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɺɧ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɿ ɤɚɡɚɰɶ Ɍɵɫɹɱɵ ɠɭɞɚɫɧɵɯ ɩɵɬɚɧɶɧɹʆ ɩɚʆɫɬɚɥɿ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɚɥɟ ɚɞɤɚɡɭ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿ ʆ ɤɨɝɚ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵɥɿ ɹɤ ɫɩɚɯɦɭɪɧɟʆ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɞɵ ɿ ɹɧɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɟ ɜɟɫɹɥɟɣɲɵɹ ʆ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫ Ⱦɡɟɞ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɩɪɚɰɹɝɥɚ ʆɡɞɵɯ ɧɭʆ ɿ ɧɚ ɯɚɞɭ ɩɚɱɭɯɚʆ ɧɹɫɬɪɵɠɚɧɭɸ ɩɚɬɵɥɿɰɭ ² ɗɯ ɛɹɞɚ ɛɹɞɚ ² ɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ² ɒɬɨ ɪɨɛɿɰɰɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɚ ɛɟɥɵɦ ɫɶɜɟɰɟ ɇɟɣɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɹɧɵ ʆɫɟ ɡɚɞɭɦɟɧɧɚ ɩɚɦɚʆɱɚɥɿ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɛɚɟɰ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ² Ɂɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɩɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ Ɋɚɡɚɦ ɩɨɣɞɡɟɦ ɇɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧ ɤɚ ɜɵɜɟ ɥɚ ɿɯ ɞɚ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɿɫɬɚ ɣ ɡ ɪɷɞɤɿɦ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟɦ ɡɚɛɚɥɚɰɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɭ ɚɫɚɰɷ ɿ ɛɚɝɧɟ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ɠɷɪɞɤɿ ² ɇɭ ɜɨɫɶ ɬ ɭɬ ɜɚɦ ɚɛɭɬɵɦ ɤɪɵɡɿɫ ² ɩɚɠɚɪɬɚɜɚʆ ɞɡɟɞ ² ɋɤɿɞɚɣ ɲɱɵɛɥɟɬɵ ɚ ɹ ɡɚɤɭɪɭ əɧɵ ɪɚɡɭɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɤɚɛ ɩɟɪɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɡɚɛɚɥɚɰɶ ɇɚɞ ɩɪɚɫɬɨ ɪɚɦɿ ɧɚɪɚɞɠɚʆɫɹ ɧɨɜɵ ɩɪɚɦɹɧɿɫɬɵ ɪɚɧɚɤ ɿ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɡ ɿɦ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɟɥɚ ɿ ɧɚ ɩɟɬɪɭɫɺɜɚɣ ɞɭɲɵ ɍɠɨ ɡɶɧɿɤɥɚ ʆɱɚɪɚɲ ɧɹɹ ɬɪɵɜɨɝɚ ɧɟɱɵɦ ɫɭɩɚɤɨɣɜɚɸɱɵɦ ɿ ɧɚɞɡɟɣɧɵɦ ɩɚɜɟɹ ɥɚ ɧɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɩɚɠɵɥɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɬɚɤ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɧɚɩɚɬɤɚɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɲɥɹɯɭ ɇɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɲɬɨ ɹɲɱɷ ɱɚɤɚɥɚ ɿɯ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɚɥɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɞɚɫɧɚ ɲɬɨ ɫɤɨɧɱɵɥɚɫɹ ɫɺɧɶɧɹ ɫɚɦɚɟ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚɟ ʆ ɠɵɰɶɰɿ ² ɚɞɡɿɧɨɬɚ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡɧɨʆ ɛɵɥɿ ɫɜɚɟ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɿ ɩɚɤɪɵɫɟ ɦɚɰɧ ɟɥɚ ɫɩɚɞɡɹɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɲɬɨ ʆɫɺ ɚɛɵɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɞɨɛɪɚ Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɱɚɰɶɜɺɪɬɵ ² əɤ ɠɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɜɵ ɜɵɤɚɪɚɫɤɚɥɿɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɥɚɞɧɚ ɡ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɚɣ ɿ ʆɫɿɦ ɦɚɣɧɨɦ" ² ɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɝɥɟɞɡɹɱɵ ɹɤ ɩɚɠɵ 108
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ɥɵ ɛɚɟɰ ɜɵɤɥɚʆɲɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɰɿɜɚɝɚɡ ɡɚɬɜɨɪ ɱɵɫɶɰɿʆ ɲɱɷɩ ɤɚɣ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɭ əɧɵ ʆɬɪɨɯ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɿ ʆ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤɚɜɵɦ ɝɭɲɱɚɪɵ Ȼɵɥɨ ɤɚɥɹ ɩɚʆɞɧɹ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɩɹɤɥɨ ɫɨɧɰɚ ɿ ɧɚɞ ɥɹɫɧɵɦɿ ɩɪɚɫɬɨɪɚɦɿ ɜɿɫɟɥɚ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɚɹ ɛɹɡɶɜɟɬɪɚɧɚɹ ɰɿɲ ɋɨɧɟɱɧɵɹ ɩɪɨɦɧɿ ɩɪɚɛɿɜɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɩɪɚɡ ɚɥɶɯɨɜɚɟ ɜɟɰɶɰɟ ɯɚɜɚɥɿ ʆ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɿɫɬɵɦ ɞɨɥɟ ɛɥɿɲɱɚɫɬɵɹ ɞɚɥɨɧɿ ɍɝɚɪɵ ɝɭɞɡɟʆ ɱɦɟɥɶ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɞɚ ɥɺɤɚ ɤɭɤɚɜɚɥɚ ɡɹɡɸɥɹ ² əɤ ɜɵɛɪɚʆɫɹ ɩɵɬɚɟɲ" Ƚɷɬɚ ɛɪɚɬ ɝɿɫɬɨɪɵɹ ² ɹɤ ɜɵɛɪɚʆɫɹ ² ɤɚɡɚʆ ɛɚɟɰ ɤɚɥɭɩɚɸɱɵ ʆ ɩɚɬɪɨɧɶɧɿɤɭ Ȭɧ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɩɪɵɯɿɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɞɚ ɩɚɤɪɭɱɚɫɬɚɣ ɡɚɤɚɪɠɷɥɚɣ ɚɥɟ ɲɵɧɵ ɡɶɧɹʆɲɵ ɡ ɫɹɛɟ ʆɫɟ ɪɚɦɹɧɿ ɭɫɩɚɬɧɟɥɵ ɿ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɡɚɫɹɪɨɞɠɚɧɵ ʆ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɡɚɧɹɬɤɭ Ⱦɡɟɞ ɫɤɪɵɠɚɜɚʆɲɵ ɩɚɞ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɧɚɬɪɭɞɠɚɧɵɹ ɛɨɫɵɹ ɧɨɝɿ ɤɭɪɵʆ ɫɚɦɚɤɪɭɬɤɭ ɿ ɤɚɲ ɥɹʆ ɭ ɫɺ ɚɠ ɡɚɯɥɿɩɚʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɧɟɣɤɚɝɚ ɫɬɚɪɷɱɚɝɚ ʆɞɭɲɲɚ əɦɭ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɛɵɥɿ ʆɠɨ ɡɧɚɺɦɵ ɩɪɵɝɨɞɵ ɛɚɣɰɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɧɿɛɵ ɫɩɚɞɡɟɸɱɵɫɹ ʆɛɚɱɵɰɶ ɧɨɜɚɟ ʆɪɚɠɚɧɶɧɟ ɚɞ ɿɯ ² ȱɲɥɿ ɦɵ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɦɚɪɲɚɦ ² ɹ ʆ ɩɹɯɨɰɟ ɛɵʆ ² ɬɪɨɟ ɫɭɬɚɤ ɿɲɥɿ Ɏɚɪɫɿɪɚɜɚɧɵ ɦɚɪɲ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɰɚ ɇɭ ɧɟɹɤ ɧɚ ɫɶɜɿɬɚɧɶɧɿ ɫɬɚɥɿ Ⱦɨʆɝɚ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨ ɡɟ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɛɵɰ ɰɚɦ ɧɟ ɱɭɬɧɨ ɱɚɤɚɟɦ ɡɚɝɚɞɭ ɉɪɵɛɹɝɚɟ ɤɚɦɛɚɬ ɫɚɛɪɚʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚʆ ² ɤɚɠɭɰɶ ɡɚɣɦɚɰɶ ɛɚɹɜɵ ɩɚɪɚ ɞɚɤ ɇɭ ɡɧɚ ɱɵɰɶ ɪɚɡɝɚɪ ɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɦɵ ʆ ɩɨ ɥɿ ɧɚ ɲɚ ɪ ɨɬɚ ɹɤɪɚɡ ɥɹ ʆɡɶɦɟɠɤɚ ɧɚ ɤɚɧɸɲɵɧɿɲɱ ɵ Ⱦɚɜɚɣ ɚɤɨɩ ɜɚɰɰɚ ɍɠɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɞɧɟɥɚ ɹ ɝɷɬɚ ɥɚɩɚɬɚɣ ɩɪɚɰ ɭɸ ɹɤ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɧɚɞ ɥɚɧɰɭɝɨɦ ɹɤ ɬɪɷɫɶɧɟ ² ɪɭɞɵ ɬɚɤɿ ɜɟ ɞɚɟɰɟ ɤɥɭɛɨɤ ɞɵɦɭ ʆ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ² ɲɪɚɩɧɟɥɶ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɇɭ ɿ ɞɚɜɚɣ ɛɿɰɶ Ɍ ɚɤ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɡ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɭ ɛɿɥɿ ə ɞɵɤ ɬɚɤɿɹ ɲɬɭɤɿ ɜɟɞɚɸ ɧɚ ɮɿɧɫɤɚɣ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɚɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɫɹ Ʉɚɥɿ ɲɪɚɩɧɟ ɥɶ ɞɵɤ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɯɭɬɱɷɣ ɩɚɞɫɬɪɷɲɚɤ ɝɷɬɤɿ ɧɿɲɭ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɭ ɚɤɨɩɟ ɥɚɞɡɿɰɶ ɚɞ ɲɪɚɩɧɟɥɿ ɧ ɿɲɚ ² ɩɟɪɲɵ ɩɚɪɚɬɭɧɚɤ ɇɭ ɹ ɿ ɧɚɥɹɝɚɸ ɧɚ ɥɚɩɚɬɤɭ Ⱥ ɧɟɤɚɬɨɪɵɹ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɹ ɚɩɚɧɭɪɵɥɿɫɹ ɡɚɬɚɿɥɿ ɫɹ ɧɭ ɿ ɩɚɛɿɥɚ ɿɯ ɋɭɫɟɞɚ ɦɚɣɝɨ Ɍ ɭɪɫɭɧɛ ɚɟɜɚ ɡɚɛɿɥɚ ² ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ʆ ɩɚɬɵɥɿɰɭ ɚ ɫɤɨɥɤɚɦ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɱɵɤɚ ɡ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ʆɡɜɨɞɚ ɩɚɪɚɧɿɥɚ ɇɭ ɞɭɦɚɸ ɥɿɯɚ ɺɧ ɧɚɫ ɛ ¶ɟ ɚ ɦɵ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɵɦ ɧɚɜɚɬ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɨɟ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɹ ɥɿɯɚ ɛɪɚɰɟ Ʌɿɯɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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² Ⱦɵ ʆɠɨ ɠ ɬɚɤ Ȼɹɞɚ ɡɚ ɛɹɞɨɸ ɯɨɞɡɿɰɶ ɞɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɫɹɛ ɪɨɜɚɤ ɜɨɞɡɿɰɶ ² ɡɚɡɧɚɱɵʆ ɞɡɟɞ ² Ɍ ɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɜɨɫɶ ɿ ʆ ɝɟɪ ɦɚɧɫɤɭɸ ɛɵɥɨ Ⱦɡɟɞɭ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɯɚɰɟɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɪɚɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɫɜɚɺ ɚɥɟ ɺɧ ɭ ɱɚɫ ɚɛɚɪɜɚʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɿ ɡɚɫɨɩ ɫɚɦɚɤɪɭɬɤɚɣ Ȼɚɟɰ ɬɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɡɚɤɥɚʆ ɭ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɭ ɡɚɬɜɨɪ ɫɩɭɫɶɰɿʆ ɤɭɪɨɤ ɿ ɩɚɤɥɚʆ ɡɛɪɨɸ ɧɚ ɤɚɥɟɧɿ ɉɹɬ ɪɭɫɶ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚ ɪɚɫɶɩɟɪɚɡɚ ʆɫɹ ɿ ɦɚɫɶɰɿ ʆɫɹ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɩ ɪɵɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚɸɱɵ ɩɚɞ ɝɿɦɧɚɫ ɶɰɺɪɤɚɣ ɫɜɚɸ ɧɨɲɭ Ȭɧ ɭɜɚɠɥɿɜɚ ɫɥɭɯɚʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɹɤɿ ɡ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɬɧɚɣ ɬɭɝɨɣ ɩɚɬɪɵɜɨ ɠɚɧɚɣ ɞɭɲɷʆɧɚɣ ɪɚɧɵ ɚɩɚɜɹɞɚʆ ɩɪɚ ɧɟ ɜɹɫɺɥɚɟ ² Ⱥɥɟ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɬɵɦ ² ɭɡɞɵɯɚɸɱɵ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ² ɑɭɟɦ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɡɚɝɵɪɤɚɬɚɥɚ ʆɞɚɥɟɱɵ ɿ ɜɨɫɶ ɡ ɿɦɲɚɪɵɧɤɿ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɜɵɫɨʆɜɚɸɰɰɚ ɬɚɧɤɿ ə ɝɷɬɚ ɩɚɥɿɱɵʆ ɡ ɰɿɤɚʆ ɧɚɫɶɰɿ ² ɜɚɫɹɦɧɚɰɰɚɰɶ ɲɬɭɤ ȱɞɭɰɶ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɚ ɦɿɠ ɿɯ ɿ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɡɚ ɿɦɿ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɇɭ ɿ ɫɵɩɧɭɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɩɚ ɧɚɫ ɍɫɺ ɛɪɚɬ ɡɚɤɭɪɷɥɚ ɚɞ ɩɵɥɭ ɿ ɞɵɦɭ ɲɬɨ ɬɭɬ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɛɭɞɡɟɲ" ɉɪɚʆ ɞɚ ɿ ɦɵ ɫɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɞɚɥɿ ɚɝɧɸ ɚɥɟ ɯɿɛɚ ɬɵ ɿɯ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɚɦɿ ɫɬɪɵɦɚɟɲ" Ɍ ɚɧɤɿ ʆɠɨ ɡ ɭɡɦɟɠɤɚ ɫɤɭɥɶɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɩɪɨ ɫɬɚ ɧɚ ɦɹɧɟ ɲɵɛɭɟ ɝɭɞɡɟ ɥɹɡɝɚɰɿɰɶ ɤɭɞɵ ɬɵ ɬɭɬ ɞɡɟ ɧɟɲɫɹ" Ʌɟɞɡɶɜɟ ɹ ɧɨɝɿ ɩɚɫɶɩɟʆ ɩɚɞɰɹɝɧɭɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɝɭɫɟɧɿ ɰɚɣ ɧɟ ɚɞɞɭɲɵɥɚ ² ɩɪɚɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɇɟ ɩɚɫɶɩɟʆ ɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɲɬɨ ɿ ɩɚɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɹɤ ɬɭɬ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɱɵɤɿ , ɞɚ ɦɹɧɟ ɩɚɞɥɹɬɚɟ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɡ ɩɨɬɧɵɦ ɝɷɬɤɿɦ ɡɶɜɹɪɵɧɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɚɦ ɉɪɵɩɥɸɲɱɵʆ ɹ ɜɨɱɵ ɞɵ ɿ ɫɭɧɭʆ ɝɨɥɚʆ ɭ ɤɚɧɸɲɵɧɭ ɥɹɠɭ ɹɤ ɦɺɪɬɜɵ Ɂɚɛ¶ɟ ɞɵɤ ɡɚɛ¶ɟ ɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɿ ɧɹ ɫɬɪɷɥɿɰɶ ɞɭɦɚɸ Ȼɚɟɰ ɡɦɨʆɤ ɧɚ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɭ ɭɡɹʆ ɡ ɞɨɥɭ ɚɛɞɡɺɪɬɵ ɫɜɨɣ ɤɚ ɰɹɥɨɤ ɩɚɩɿʆ ɬɪɨɯɭ ɜɵɰɟɪɫɹ ɪɭɤɚɜɨɦ ɿ ɤɨɪɚɬɤɚ ɬɭɠɥɿɜɚ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ȼɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɡɧɨʆ ɛɚɥɸɱɚ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɜɚʆ ɬɭɸ ɫɜɚɸ ɛɹɞɭ ɚɩɚɜɹɞɚʆ ɫɭɦɧɚ ɝɷ ɬɚɤ ɹɤ ɪɚɫɤɚɡɜɚɸɰɶ ɩɪɚ ɚɩɨɲɧɿɹ ɱɚɫɿɧɵ ɛɥɿɡɤɚɝɚ ɱ ɚɥɚɜɟ ɤɚ Ⱥɩɭɲɱɚɧɚɹ ɡ ɤɚɥɟɧɚ ɡɶɜɿɫɚɥɚ ɡɚɫɤɚɪɭɡɥɚɹ ɚɞ ɞɚʆɧɿɯ ɦɚɡɚɥɺʆ ɪɭɤɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɩɚɤɪɭɱɚɫɬɵɹ ɝɪɭɛɵɹ ɩɚɥɶɰɵ ɞɚɥɿɤɚɬɧɚ ɧɟɹɤ ɬɪɵɦɚɥɿ ɬɨɧɤɭɸ ɞɪɚɰɿɧɤɭ ɦɨɤɪɚɝɚ ɤɚɰɹɥɤɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚ ɬɵɹ ɩɚɥɶɰɵ ɧɚ ɧɨɝɿ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ʆ ɫɬɚɩ ɬɚɧɵɯ ɱɚɪɚɜɿɤɚɯ ɿ ɚɛɥɟɡɥɵɯ ɚɛɦɨɬɤɚɯ , ɡɧɨʆ ɯɥɚɩɟɱɚɟ ɫɷɪɰɚ ɤɪɚɧɭɥɿ ɥɸɞɫɤɿɹ ɩɚɤɭɬɵ ɿ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɤɿɦ ɛɚɥɸɱɵɦ ɭɥɚɫɧɚɟ ɝɨɪɚ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɭ ɬɵɹ ɱɚɫɵ ɲɦɚɬ ɤɚɦɭ 110
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɜɵɩɚɥɚ ɝɨɪɤɚɹ ɞɨɥɹ Ȭɧ ɫɥɭɯɚʆ ɿ ɦɿɠ ɫɥɨʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɧɟɹɤ ɰɶɦɹɧɚ ɜɵɩɥɵɜɚɥɿ ɡɧɚɺɦɵɹ ɚɛɥɿɱɱɵ ɬɵɯ ɤɚ ɦɭ ɜɵɩɚʆ ɝɨɪɲɵ ɥɺɫ ɿ ɤɚɝɨ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ʆ ɠɵɰɶɰɿ ɉɟɪɚɞ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ɩɚʆɫɬɚɥɿ ɿ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɦɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɩɪɚɝɧɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɚɞ ɫɹɛɟ ɿ ɧɟɛɚɪɚɤɚ ɇɚɫɤɨʆ ɲɬɨ ɫɤɚɧɚʆ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɫɶɩɿɧɟ ɿ ɧɟɠɵɜɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɬɵ ɧɟɩɚɯɚɜɚɧɵɦ ɧɚ ɬɨɣ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɚɣ ɫɹɞɡɿɛɟ Ⱥ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɵɯ ɹɦɭ ɫɶɦɟɪɰɹʆ , ʆ ɝɪɭɞɡɹɯ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɡ ɤɪɵʆɞɚɣ ɿ ɛɨɥɟɦ ɭɫɺ ɦɚɰɧɟɣ ɝɚɪɷɥɚ ɧɹɧɚɜɿɫɶɰɶ ɞɚ ɡɜɚɪ¶ɹɰɟɥɵɯ ɤɪɵɜɚɠɷɪɧɵɯ ɱɭɠɵɧ ɰɚʆ Ⱥ ɛ ɚɟɰ ɠɭɪɛɨɬɧɚ ɩɚɰɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɥɨɠɚ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɿ ɭɫɺ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɜɚɺ ɧɚɛɚɥɟɥɚɟ ² Ɇɿɧɭɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɧɚɲɚ ɤɚɧɸɲɵɧɿɲɱɚ ɚ ɹ ɩɚɰɿɯɭ ʆɡɶɧɹʆ ɫɹ ɞɚɣ ɞɭɦɚɸ ɞɡɟ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɚ ɩɚɲɭɤɚɸ ɏɚɰɟʆ ɪɭɱɧɿɤ ɞɡɟ ɩɚɞɯɚɩɿɰɶ ɞɵ ɥɭɩɚɧɭɰɶ ɩɚ ɿɯ ɡ ɬɵɥɭ ɇɚɲɵɯ ɛɚɝɚɬɚ ɥɹ ɠɵɰɶ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɿ ɹ ² ɞɚ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɞɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ² ɡɚɛɿɬɵɹ ɿ ɡ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɚɦɿ ʆɫɟ , ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɟɧɱɵɰɶ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɩɚɡɧɚʆ ©ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɛɪɚɬɤɚ ɪɚɬɭɣ ɧɹ ɤɿɞɚɣª Ƚɥɹɞɠɭ ɡɧɚɺɦɵ ɛɚɟɰ ɡɹɦɥɹɤ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɚɲ ɜɚɥɚɝɨɞɫɤɿ ə ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɚ ɬɭɬ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɤɚɱɚ ɟɰɰɚ ² ɧɨɝɿ ɩɟɪɚɛɿɬɵ Ʉɭɞɵ ɬɭɬ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɰɶ ɛɭɞɡɟɲ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɪɚɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɉɟɪɚɜɹɡɚʆ ɹɤ ɭɦɟʆ ɩɚɞ ɤɭɫɬɵ ɩɚɫɶɰɹɝɜɚʆ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɿ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ Ɍ ɚɧɤɿ ʆɠɨ ʆ ɥɚɝɱɵɧɭ ɫɯɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɚʆɤɨɥɚ ɩɭɫɬɚ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɹɛɨɠɱɵɤɿ ɥɹɠɚɰɶ ə ɝɷɬɚɤ ɩɪɵɝɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɚ ɩɨɥɿ ɩɚɲɚɪɵʆ ɹɲɱɷ ɞɜɚɿɯ ɡɧɚɣɲɨʆ ² ɫɚɩɺɪɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɩɪɵɞɚɞɡɟɧɵ ɧɚɦ ɛɵɥɿ , ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɛɚɬɚɥɶɺɧɭ ɡɧɚɣ ɲɨʆ ɥɹɠɵɰɶ ɫɬɚɪɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ɡ ɚɤɪɵɜɚʆɥɟɧɚɣ ɝɚɥɚ ɜɨɣ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɚ ʆɫɹ ɤɪɵɜɺɸ ɡɚɥɿɬɚɹ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɞɚɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ ʆ ɤɪɵɜɿ ɒɤɚɞɚ ɝɷɬɚɤ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɞɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɫɭɦɚɜɚɰɶ ɩɚ ɦɺɪɬɜɵɯ ɧɹɦɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɠɵɜɵɹ ɱɚɤɚɸɰɶ ȼɹɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɹ ɞɚ ɬɵɯ ɤɭɫ ɬɨʆ ɧɚɩɚɿʆ ɒɜɹɰɨɜɚ ² ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɚ ɺɧ ɛɹɞɚɤ ɩɚɤɭɬɚɜɚʆ ɭɫɺ ɞɚɛɿɰɶ ɩɪɚɫɿʆ ² ɲɬɨ ɬɭɬ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ" ɇɟ ɫɹɞɡɟɰɶ ɠɚ ɦɧɟ ɡ ɿɦɿ ʆ ɬɵɦ ɩɨɥɿ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɧɹɦɚ ɱɚɝɨ ² ɭɠɨ ɛɪɚɬ ɩɚɞ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɬɪɚɩɿɥɿ ɉɚɛɟɝ ɹ ɪɚʆɤɨɦ ɲɭɤɚɰɶ ɹɤɿɯ ɠɵɜɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɹɤɨɟ ɜɺɫɤɿ ɿ ɩɪɚʆɞɚ ɧɚɬɪɚɩɿʆ ȼɺɫɚɱɤɚ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɚ ɹ ɩɪɵɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɫɹ ² ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɧɹɦɚ ɮɚɲɵɫɬɚʆ Ɂɧɚɣɲɨʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɪɚɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɬɚɤ ² ɬɪɷɛɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɪɚɬɚɜɚɰɶ Ⱦɨɛɪɵ ɬɚɤɿ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɬɪɚɩɿʆ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɵ ©ɇɭ ɲɬɨ ɠ ² ɤɚɠɚ ² ɤɚɥɿ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɞɵɤ ɬɪɷɛɚª Ɂɚɩɪɨɝ ɤɚɧɹ ɩɚɟɯɚɥɿ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɫɯɚɜɚɥɿ ɦɵ ɬɵɯ ɱɚɰɶɜɹɪɵɯ ɭ ɞɨɛɪɵ ɝ ɭɲɱɚɪ ² ɟɥɶɧɿɤ ɬɚɤɿ ² ɧɚɩɚɿɥɿ ɒɜɹɰɨʆ ɫɤɚɧɚʆ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɬɪɨɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ Ƚɥɹɞɡɿ ɤɚɠɭ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɭ ² ɩɿɥɶɧɭɣ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ȼɹɪɧɭɫɹ ² ɡɚɩɵɬɚɸ ɹɤ ɿ ɲɬɨ ɇɭ ɚ ɫɚɦɨɦɭ ɲɬɨ ɬɭɬ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ" ɍɫɺ ɠ ɛɚɟɰ ɹ ɇɭ ɿ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ Ɍ ɚɤ ɿ ɧɹɫɭ ɧɚ ɫɚɛɟ ʆɜɟɫɶ ɪɵɲ ɬɭɧɚɤ ɿ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɭ ² ɧɹ ɤɿɞɚɰɶ ɠɚ ɞɚɛɪɨ ȱ ɜɨɫɶ ɭɠɨ ɬɵɞ ɡɟɧɶ ɿɞɭ ɇɹ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɡɞɚɪɵɰɰɚ ɲɬɨ ɚɠ ɩɚɞ ɉɨɥɚɰɤ ɫɤɿɪɚɜɚɰɶ ɩɪɵɣɞɡɟɰɰɚ ² , ɹ ɜɨɫɶ ɧɹ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚɤ ɛɭɞɡɟ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɉɹɬ ɪɭɫɶ ² , ɹɤ ɝɷɬɚ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ" ² ɋɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɜɨɫɶ ɏɿɛɚ ɿ ɹ ɝɚɞɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɝ ɷɬɚɤ ɚɛɟɪɧɟɰɰɚ ² ɠɜɚɜɚ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɞɡɟɞ ² ə ɠ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ʆ ɜɨɣɫɤɚ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɍ ɦɹɧɟ ɤɚɛ ɬɵ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɫɵɧ ɭ ɜɨɣɫɤɭ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɿ ɱɵɧ ɜɟɞɚ ɟɲ ɞɨɛɪɵ ɦɚɟ Ⱥ ɹ ɡ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵɦ ɧɚ ɋɥɨɧɿɦɲɱɵɧɟ ɠɵʆ ɚ ɪɚɡ ɜɚɣɧɚ ² ɹ ɛɪɚɬɤɚ ɩɚɝɚɥɿʆɫɹ ɬɵɬɭɧɸ ɩɚɞɤɪɵɲɵʆ ɡɚɩɚɫ ɿ ʆ ɋɥɨɧɿɦ ɭ ɜɚɟɧɤɚɦɚɬ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ Ⱦɭɦɚʆ ɩɪɵɣɞɭ ɞɚ ɜɚɟɧɤɨɦɚ ² ɡɧɚɺɦɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɛɵʆ ² ɫɤɚɠɭ ɞɚɜɚɣ ȱɜɚɧ Ʉɭɡɶɦɿɱ ɞɚ ɫɵɧɚ ɧɚɤɿɪɚɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɇɹʆɠɨ ɫɬɚɪɨɦɭ ɜɚɹɤɭ ɝɟɨɪɝɿɟʆɫɤɚɦɭ ɤɚɜɚɥɟɪɭ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɩɪɵ ɜɨɣɫɤɭ ɧɹ ɛɭɞɡɟ" ɉɚɜɿɧɧɚ ɛɵɰɶ ȱ ɲɬɨ ɠ ɩɪɵɬɭɩɚʆ ɭ ɋɥɨɧɿɦ ɚ ɬɚɦ ɥɹ ɪɚɤɿ ɩɚɞ ɜɟɪɛɚɦɿ ɦɚɲɵɧɚʆ ɩɚɧɚɫɬɚʆɥɟɧɚ ɛɟɧɡɿɧɚɦ ɫɶɦɹɪɞɡɿɰɶ ² ɧɟɦɰɵ ɇɟ ɞɭɦɚɸ ɧɹ ɛɵɰɶ ɬɚɤɨɦɭ ɤɚɛ ɛɚɰɶɤɚ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɝɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ʆ ɩɚɥɨɧ ɡɞɚɜɚʆɫɹ Ɂɚɜɹɪɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɠɤɭ ɿ ʆ ɩɨɥɟ ɉɚɣɲɨʆ ɫɚɛɟ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ ȼɨɫɶ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɚɬɪɚɩɿʆ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɿɞɡɟɦ ² ɇɭ ɿ ɹ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ² əɤ ɚɱɭɧɹʆ ɧɚ ɬɵɦ ɩɨɥɿ ɚɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɿ ɞɚɜɚɣ ɞɚɝɚɧɹɰɶ ɫɜɚɿɯ Ⱦɭɦɚʆ ɞɡɟ ɧɟɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɧɚɲɵ ɚ ɹɧɨ ʆɫɸɞɵ ɮɚɲɵɫɬɵ ɤɭɞɵ ɧɿ ɫɭɧɶɫɹ ɒɬɨɫɶɰɿ ɬɭɬ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ʆɬɪɵ ɦɚɥɿ ɇɭ ɚɥɟ ɧɹ ɦɨɠɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɛɵɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɿ ɬɭɸ ɧɚɜɚɥɭ ² ɋɩɵɧɹɰɶ ² ɡɚɩɷʆɧɿʆ ɞɡɟɞ ² ɍɠɨ ɩɚɞ ɉɨɥɚɰɤɚɦ ɫɩɵɧɹɰɶ Ɍ ɚɦ ɛɪɚɰɟ ɜɨɣɫɤɚ ɲɦɚɬ ɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɪɚɧɟɣ ɱɭʆ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɠɚ, ɥɹɫɵ ɍ ɥɹɫɚɯ ɫɚɦɚɥɺɬ ɲɬɨ ɫɶɥɹɩɵ ɤɚɪɲɭɧ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɹ ɡɪɨɛɿɰɶ ɋɤɭɥɭ ɹɦɭ ʆ ɛɨɤ ɬɚɦɭ Ƚɿɬɥɟɪɭ ɇɿɱɨɝɚ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɧɹ ɜɵɣɞɡɟ ² əɧɨ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɬɚɤ Ⱥɥɟ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɛɭɞɡɟ Ɍ ɚɧɤɚɦɿ ɝɷɬɵɦɿ ɛɹɪɷ ɧɹɝɨɞɧɿɤ ² ɧɹɜɟɫɟɥɚ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ 112
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɤɚɧɱɚɬɤɨɜɚ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɲɬɨ ɦɚɟ ɫ ɩɪɚɜɭ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɿɦɿ ɥɸɞɡɶɦɿ ɺɧ ɭɠɨ ɰɚɥɤɚɦ ɞɚɜɟɪɵʆɫɹ ɿɦ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɿɹɤ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɪ ɚɲɵɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɬɨɟ ɤɚɛ ɞɚɜɟɪɵɰ ɶ ɿ ɫɜɨɣ ɧɚɣ ɜɹɥɿɤɲɵ ɤɥɨɩɚ ɬ ɫɜɚɸ ɬɚɹɦɧɿɰɭ ɇɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɧɚɜɚɠ ɜɚʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɫɤɚɡɚ ɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɧɹɫɟ ɡ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɧɚ ʆɫɯ ɨɞ ɹɤɚɹ ɫɶɜɹ ɬɵɧɹ ɯɚɜɚɟɰɰɚ ɩɚɞ ɹɝɨ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɚɣ ɚɥɟ ɚɞ ɧɟɡɜɵɱɚɣ ɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɬɚɟ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ɚɞ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɿ ɜɚɠɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɬɚɟ ɪɷɱɵ ʆɫɺ ɧɟɹɤ ɧɟ ɫ ɬɚɜɚɥɚ ɫɶɦɟɥɚɫɶɰɿ ɚɞɤɪɵɰɰ ɚ ɥɸɞɡɹɦ Ⱥɞ ɧɚɤ ɯɿɛɚ ɫɯɚɜɚ ɟɲ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɬɚɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɚɞ ɛɥɿɡɤɿɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɹɤɿɹ ɛɚɱɚɰɶ ɧɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɚɞ ɬɜɚɺɣ ɫɶɜɿɬɤɚɣ ɚɥɟ ɿ ʆ ɬɜɚɺɣ ɞɭɲɵ Ʉɚɥɿ ʆ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤɚɜɵɦ ɝɭɲɱɚɪɵ ɡɦɨʆɤɥɿ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɵ ɿ ɧɚɫɬɚ ɥɚ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɚɹ ɯ ɜɿɥɿɧɚ ɰɿɯɚɣ ɡɚɞɭɦɵ ɞɡɟɞ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ² ɋɤɚɠɵ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɲɬɨ ɝ ɷɬɚ ɬɵ ɩɚɞ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɚɣ ɯɚɜɚɟɲ" ɐɿ ɹɤɭɸ ɚɞɡɟɠɵɧɭ ɰɿ ɲɬɨ" ² , ɹ ɝɥɹɞɠɭ ɧɟɲɬɚ ʆɠɨ ɡɚɧɚɞɬɚ ɤɪɭɝɥɹɜɵ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² ɯɿɬɪɚɜɚɬɚ ʆɫɶɦɿɯɧɭʆɫɹ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² ɇɟ ɬɚɿɫɹ ɦɵ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɫɜɚɟ ² Ⱦɵ ɧɟ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɿɰɰɚ" ə ɿ ɫɚɦ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɍɠɨ ɬɚ ɤɚɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɹɤ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɤɥɚɩɚɰɿɰɰɚ ɉɚɥɤɚɜɵ ɧɚɲ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɭ ɦɹɧɟ Ȭɧ ɭɫɬɚʆ ɧɚ ɧɨɝɿ ɩɚɞ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɚɣ ɪɚɡɦɚɬɚʆ ɡ ɰɟɥɚ ɩɚɥɨɬɧɿɲɱɚ ɪɚɡɝɚɪɧɭʆ ɧɚ ʆɫɸ ɲɵɪ ɿ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɿɦ ɿɦɤɥɿɜɵɦ ɪɭɯɚɦ ɪɚɡɚɫɥɚʆ ɧɚ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɧɿɛɵ ɫɤɚɦɹɧɟʆ ɧɚ ɦɟɫ ɰɵ ɜɵɫɨɤɚ ʆɡɶɧɹʆɲɵ ɫɜɚɟ ɛɟɥɵɹ ɤɚɫɦɚɬɵɹ ɛɪɨɜɵ ɞɡɟɞ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ʆɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɭ ɫɶɥɟɞ ɡɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɦ ɿ ɩɪɚɡ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɭ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆɲɵ ʆɫɺɣ ɜɚɠɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɩɚɞɡɟɿ ɡɚɝɚɜɚɪɵʆ ² Ⱥɣ ɹɣ ɹɤɚɹ ɲɬɭɤɨɜɿɧɚ ɉɚɥɤɚɜɵ ɤɚɠɚɲ" Ƚɥɹɞɡɿ ɬɵ ɿ ɧɭɦɚɪ ɿ ɧɚɡɜɚ əɤ ɠɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɺɧ ɬɪɚɩɿʆ ɬɚɛɟ" ɍɫɬɚʆ ɡ ɞɨɥɭ ɿ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɞɚɥɿɤɚɬɧɚ ʆɡɹʆ ɡɚ ɪɚɠɨɤ ɩɚ ɤɚɦɟɱɚɧɚɟ ɩɚɥɚɬɧɨ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ʆɡɞɵɯɧɭʆ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ² ɧɟɲɬɚ ɲɦɚɬɡɧɚɱɧɚɟ ɩɵɬɚɥɶɧɚɟ ɛɵɥɨ ʆ ɬɵɦ ɹɝɨ ɩɪɚɰɹɝɥɵɦ ɩɨɡɿɪɤɭ ² Ɍ ɪɚɩɿʆ ɜɨɫɶ ɍɪɚɬɚɜɚʆ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɚɥɟ ɰɿ ʆɞɚɫɰɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɭɪɚɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɯɬɨ ɜɟɞɚɟ" ² ɫɶɰɿɩɥɚ ɚɞɤɚɡɚʆ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɧɟ ɚɞ ɜɨɞɡɹɱɵ ɩɨɡɿɪɤɭ ɚɞ ɚɝɧɿɫɬɚɝɚ ɲɨʆɤɭ ² Ⱥɯ ɬɵ ɝɨɪɚɱɤɚ ² ɱɭɯɚʆ ɩɚɬɵɥɿɰɭ ɞɡɟɞ ² ɋɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ Ƚɷɬɚ ɠ ɧɹ ɠɚɪɬɚɱɤɿ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɵ ɫɶɰɹɝ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɡɦɪɨɱɧɚ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɡɚɯɚɜɚʆɲɵ ʆɝɥɵɛ ɫɜɚɟ ɜɨɱɵ ɧɿɡɤɚ ɫɯɿɥɿʆɲɵ ɝɨɥɚʆ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɇɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɩɪɚɦɟɧɶ ɱɵɤɚʆ ɩɚʆɞɡɺɧɧɚɝɚ ɫɨɧɰɚ ɩɪɚɡ ɝɭɲɱɚɪ ɝɚɪɚɱɵɦɿ ɩɹɬɚɤɚɦɿ ʆɩɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɲɨʆɤ ɡɚɩɚɥɿɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɰɿɯɟɧɶɤɚ ɝɚɪɷɥɿ ɱɵɪɜɚɧɶɧɸ ɦɿɠ ɡɨɥɚɬɚ ɥɿɬɚɪ Ɍ ɚɤ ɧɹ ɡɜɨɞɡɹɱɵ ɡ ɬɚɟ ɪɷɱɵ ɫɚɦɨɬɧɵɯ ɜɚɱɷɣ ɩɟɪɚɦɚɝɚɸɱɵ ɧɚɩɥɵʆ ɱɚɝɨɫɶɰɿ ɫɶɜɟɬɥɚɝɚ ɿ ɠɚɥɚɫɶ ɥɿɜɚɝɚ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɝ ɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɚ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɿ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɭɠɨ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɚɞɫɭɧɭɬɵ ɜɿɯɭɪɚɣ ɩɚɞɡɟɣ ɬɨɣ ɧɟɡɚɛɵʆɧɵ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɩɪɵɦɚʆ ɩɪɵɫɹɝɭ ɿ ɧɚ ɩɥɹɰ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɫɬɪɨɟɦ ɩɚɥɤɚ ʆɩɟɪɲɵɧɸ ɜɵɧɨɫɿɥɿ ɝɷɬɵ ɜɨɫɶ ɫɶɰɹɝ Ȭɧ ɬɚɞɵ ɛɵʆ ɰɷɥɵ ɿ ɚɤɭɪɚɬɧɵ ɛɟɡ ɱɚɬɵɪɨɯ ɞɡɿɪɚɤ ɲɬɨ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɫɶɜɿɰɿɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɲɨʆɤɭ ɹɝɨ ɧɟɫɶɥɿ ɩɚɞ ɦɭɡɵɤɭ ɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɹɤɿ ɦɺɪɬɜɵ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɬɵɦ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɭ ɬɚɞɵ ɥɚɞɧɵ ɿ ɦɨɰɧɵ ɩɚɞɚɜɚʆ ɫɬɪɨɸ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ Ʉɥɹɧɨɜɿɱ ɭ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫ ɥɿɱɵʆɫɹ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɡɹɥɺɧɵɦ ɛɚɣɰɨɦ ɺɧ ɿ ɧɹ ɦɚɪɵʆ ɧɹ ɬɨɟ ɤɚɛ ɩɚɬɪɵɦɚɰɶ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɚ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɿ ɧɚɛɥɿɡɿɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɋɶɰɹɝɚɧɨɫ ɰɚɦ ɛɵʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɋɚʆɤɿɧ ɹɤɿ ɡɚ Ɏɿɧɫɤɭɸ ɦɟʆ ɞɜɚ ɨɪɞɷɧɵ Ⱥ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɹɤ ɡɶɦɹɧɿɥɚɫɹ ʆɫɺ ɇɹɦɚ ɧɿ ɋɚʆɤɿ ɧɚ ɧɿ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɛɵɥɵ ɡɹɥɺɧɵ ɛɚɟɰ Ʉɥɹɧɨɜɿɱ ɿ ɝɷɬɵ ɜɨɫɶ ɩɪɚɛɿɬɵ ʆ ɱɚɬɵɪɨɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɯ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɞɨʆɝɚɣ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɚɫɶɰɿ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ² ɇɭ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ əɤ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɡɶɛɟɪɚɠɷɦ Ɍɭɬ ɭɠɨ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ɧɟ ɡɶɛɟɪɚɝɱɵ ² ɇɭ ɤɚɧɟɲɧɟ ɠ ² ɚɡɜɚʆɫɹ ɞɡɟɞ ² ɋɶɰɹɝ ɺɧ ɧɚɣɜɵ ɲɷɣ ɡɚ ʆɫɺ ə ɠ ɜɟɞɚɸ ɇɟɣɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɬɪɨɟ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɩɚɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɹɲɱɷ ʆ ɝɭɲɱɚ ɪɵ ɝɥɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɧɚ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɭɡɞɵɯɚɥɿ ɿ ɦɚʆɱɚɥɿ ʆ ɧɹɥɺɝɤɚɣ ɡɚ ɞɭɦɟ ȼɵɪɚɲɵʆɲɵ ɲɬɨ ɧɟɫɶɰɿ ɩɚɞ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɚɣ ɝɷɬ ɤɭɸ ɪɷɱ ɧɹɝɨɠɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɚɫɥɚɛɚɧɿʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɪɷɱɚɜɵ ɦɹɲɨɤ ɭ ɹɤɿ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɡɚɩɚɤɚɜɚɥɿ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɡɶɞɡɟʆ ɹɝɨ ɧɚ ɫɶɩɿɧɭ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɿɧɚɤɲ ɧɟɹɤ ɭɜɚɠɥɿɜɟɣ ɫɬɚʆ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɰɶ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɿ ɚɞɧɨɣɱɵ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ² Ⱥ ɬɵ ɬɚɝɨ ɦɚɥɚɞɡɟɰ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɍɥɚɞɤɚɜɚʆɲɵ ʆɫɺ ɩɚɫɭɪ¶ɺɡɶɧɟʆɲɵɹ ɿ ɩɪɵɦɨʆɤɥɵɹ ɚɞ ɧɨɜɚɝɚ ɤɥɨɩɚɬɭ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɩɚɞɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɫɜɚɸ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɭɸ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɩɹɬɵ ɇɟ ɫɩɵɧɹɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɚɱɥɟɝ ɹɧɵ ʆɫɺ ɿɲɥɿ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ Ɇɿɧɭɥɿ ɞɪɭɝɿɹ ɫɭɬɤɿ ɹɤ ɹɧɵ ɫɭɫɬɪɷɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɡɚ ɱɚɫ ɧɹɫ ɩɵɧɧɚɝɚ ɩɚɞɚɪɨɠɠɚ ʆɠɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɩɪɵɜɵɤɥɿ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɞɚ ɞɪɭɝɨ ɝɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɲɱɵɪɚ ɪɚɞɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɬɪɚɩɿɥɿ ɧɚ ɹɝɨɧɵɦ ɲɥɹɯɭ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɞɜɨɟ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɡ ɿɦɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɭɞɵ ɜɟɫɹ ɥɟɣ ɿ ɧɚɞɡɟɣɧɟɣ ɚ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ² ɹɧɵ ɲɱɵɪɚ ɚɞɞɚɧɚ ɩɚɫɬɚ ɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɹɝɨɧɚɝɚ ɰɹɩɟɪɚɲɧɹɝɚ ɿɦɤɧɟɧɶɧɹ ɇɿɜɨɞɡɿɧ ɡ ɿɯ ɿ ɧɹ ɦɚɪɵʆ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɩɪɚ ɲɬɨ ɿɧɲɚɟ ɹɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɚɣɯɭɬɱɷɣ ɞɚ ɥɭɱɵɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɿ ɬɵɦ ɤɚɧɱɚɬɤɨɜɚ ɜɵɪɚɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɫɹɛɟ ɿ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭ ɠɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɱɭʆ ɧɚ ɚɛɨɞɜɚ ɜɭɯɿ ɚɥɟ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɵɥɚ ɩɥɹɱɨ ɿ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɿɤɚɥɿ ɩɚɞ ɝɪɭɞɡɿ ɩɚɞɤɚɬɜɚɥɚ ɦɥɨɫɧɚɹ ɧɭɞɨɬɚ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɬɪɵɜɚʆ ɩɟɪɚɦɚɝɚʆ ɧɹɞɭɠɚɧɶɧɟ ɿ ɛɹɡ ɫɤɚɪɝ ɿɦɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ Ⱥɞɧɚɝɨ ɪɚɡɭ ɹɧɵ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɿɫɹ ɥɹ ɪɭɱɚɿɧɵ ʆ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɿ ɧɚ ɩɿɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɩɚɥɟɝɥɿ ʆ ɩɚɞɫɨɯɥɚɣ ɭɠɨ ɧɹɪɨɫɧɚɣ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɋɨɧɰɚ ʆɡɶɧɹɥɨɫɹ ɿ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɩɪɵɝɪɚɜɚɥɚ ɚɞ ɫɬɨɦɵ ɿ ɫɩɚɤɨɸ ɞɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɱɚɩɥɹʆɫɹ ɫɨɧ ɋɬɚɪɵɹ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɩɪɵɰɿɯɥɿ ɚ ɉɹɬ ɪɭɫɶ ɭɩɚɪɬɚ ɝɧɚʆ ɚɞ ɫɹɛɟ ɰɹɝɭɱɭɸ ɞɪɵɦɨɬɭ Ɂ ɦɿɧɭɥɚɣ ɧɨɱɵ ʆɫɬɚɥɹɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɜɵɡɧɚɱɚʆ ɱɚɫ ɚɞɩɚɱɵɧɤɭ ɿ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɩɚɞɚɜɚʆ ɝɨɥɚɫ ɤɚɥɿ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɭɯɚɰɰɚ ɞɚɥɟɣ Ȭɧ ɝɷɬɚ ɪɚɛɿʆ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɩɚ ɫɹɛɪɨʆɫɤɭ ɛɹɡ ɰɟɧɸ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɵ ɚɥɟ ɧɟɹɤ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɫɥɭɯɚɥɿɫɹ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɞɜɨɟ ɥɸɞ ɡɟɣ Ɍ ɚɤ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɩɪɵɡɧɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɹɝɨ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɚɟ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧ ɫɬɜɚ ɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɡɜɚɠɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɱɵɦ ɿɯ ɦɚ ɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɚɞɤɚɡɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɭ ɫɩɪɚɜɟ ɹɤɭɸ ɹɧɵ ɧɚ ɫɹɛɟ ʆɡɹɥɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ Ɇɨɰɧɵɦ ɧɚɦɚɝɚɧɶɧɟɦ ɫɬɪɭɯɧɭʆɲɵ ɞɪɵɦɨɬɭ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɡɶɧɹʆɫɹ ɡ ɬɪɚɜɵ ɿ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɝɭɤɧɭɰɶ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɤɚɛ ɪɭɲɵɰɶ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɞɵ ɪɚɩɬɨʆɧɚ ɚɯɚɩɿʆɲɚɹ ɦɥɨɫɶɰɶ ɩɚɜɚɥɿɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɚ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆ ɝɷɬɚ ɿ ɡɚɤɥɚɩɨɱɚɧɚ ɫɟʆ ɭ ɬɪɚɜɟ ² ɗ ɛɪɚɬɤɚ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɩɚɞɫɿɥɤɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɬɚɛɟ Ɍ ɚɤ ɧɹɝɨɠɚ Ɇɵ ɬɨ ɫɬɪɵɜɚɟɦ ɚ ɬɚɛɟ ɞɨɝɥɹɞ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɧɵ ɍɡɶɧɹʆɫɹ ɿ ɞɡɟɞ ɿ ɹɧɵ ɜɵɪɚɲɵɥɿ ʆ ɩɟɪɲɚɣ ɠɚ ɜɺɫɰɵ ɹɤɚɹ ɬɪɚɩɿɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɲɥɹɯɭ ɧɚɤɚɪɦɿɰɶ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ əɤ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɚɱɭɧɹʆ ɿ ɡ ɩɚʆɝɚɞɡɿɧɵ ɹɧɵ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɩɚɰɿɯɭ ɿɲɥɿ ɥɚɝɱɵɧɚɣ ɭɡɞɨʆɠ ɪɭɱɚɹ ɑɚɫ ɚɞ ɱɚɫɭ ɫɬɚɪɵɹ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ʆɩɪɚɜɚ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɧɹ ʆɛɚɱɵɥɿ ɧɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɭ ʆ ɡɛɚɠɵ ɧɟ ɧɟɣɤɿɹ ɛɭɞɵɧɤɿ ² ɬɨ ɛɵʆ ɯɭɬɚɪ Ʉɨɪɚɬɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɿʆɲɵɫɹ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɵɦ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɠɵɬɧɺɜɵɦ ɭɡɶɦɟɠ ɤɭ ɚ ɞɡɟɞ ɜɵɩɪɚɜɿʆɫɹ ɡɞɚɛɵɜɚɰɶ ɯɚɪɱɵ ɋɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɞɨɫɵɰɶ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɱɚɤɚɥɿ ɚ ɞɡɟɞɚ ʆɫɺ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɱɵɧɚʆ ɭɠɨ ɧɟɩɚɤɨɿɰɰɚ ɡɚ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɚɞ ɯɭ ɬɚɪɚ ɩɚɱɭɥɚɫɹ ɝɚɜɨɪɤɚ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɜɵɝɥɹɧɭʆ ɧɚɞ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɨɸ ɿ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɫɯɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɡɧɨʆ Ⱥɞ ɛɭɞɵɧɤɚʆ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɟɠɰɵ ɿɲɨʆ ɞɡɟɞ ɿ ɡ ɿɦ ɹɲɱɷ ɬɪɨɟ ɧɟɣɤɿɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ² ɡɚ ɩɥɹɱɵɦɚ ʆ ɿɯ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɜɿɫɟɥɚ ɡɛɪɨɹ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɿ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ʆɫɬɪɵɜɨɠɚɧɚ ɫɯɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɿ ɛɚɟɰ ɩɟɪɚɝɥɹɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɚ ɡɚɬɵɦ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɫɚʆɝɚɧɭʆ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚɦ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɿ Ʉɚɥɿ ɠ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɧɚɛɥɿɡɿɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɱɭɜɚɰ ɶ ɿɯ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɚ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɡɧɨʆ ɡɿɪ ɧɭɥɿ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɧɚ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɿ ɫɟ ɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɡɶɧɹʆɫɹ ɡ ɭɡɶɦɟɠɤɭ Ⱦɚ ɿɯ ɞɚɧɨɫɿʆɫɹ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɵ ɝɚ ɜɚɪɥɿɜɵ ɝɨɥɚɫ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɚ ² ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɚɝɚ ɰɿ ɩɚɞɚɡɪɨɧɚɝɚ ɧɹ ɱɭɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɿɦ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ʆɫɺ ɧɚɛɥɿɠɚɥɿɫɹ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɰɵ ɭɠɨ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɲɬɨ ɡɚ ɞɡɟɞɚɦ ɿɲɨʆ ɥɚɞɧɵ ɩɥɹɱɵɫɬɵ ɞɡɹɰɸɤ ɺɧ ɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɧɚ ɪɚɦɹɧɿ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɿ ʆɝɥɹɞɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɿɯ ɛɨɤ Ɂɚ ɿɦɿ ɿɲɥɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɞɜɨɟ ² ɜɵɫɨɤɿ ɿ ɧɿɡɤɿ ² ɹɧɵ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɛɵɥɿ ʆɡɛɪɨɟɧɵɹ ɚɥɟ ɱɚɦɭɫɶɰɿ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɡ ɿɯ ɧɟ ɧɚɝɚɞɜɚʆ ɧɚɲɵɯ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ Ʉɚɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɧɚɛɥɿɡɿɥɿɫɹ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɱɚɦɭ ɹɧɵ ɡɞɚɥɿɫɹ ɱɭɠɵɧɰɚɦɿ ɇɚ ɞɭɠɵɹ ɩɥɟ ɱɵ ɩɟɪɲɚɝɚ ɛɵʆ ɧɚɩɹɥɟɧɵ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿ ɦɭɧɞɡɿɪ ɩɚɞɩɹɪɷɡɜɚɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɞɡɹɝɚ ɡ ɠɨʆɬɚɣ ɤɚɦ ɫɚɫɬɚʆɫɤɚɣ ɫɩɪɚɠɤɚɣ ɚ ɧɚ ɱɭɛɚɬɚɣ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɥɚɞɧɚ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɚ ɫɭɤɨɧɧɚɹ ɩɿɥɨɬɤɚ ɡ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɣ ɡɨɪɤɚɣ ɍ ɬɚɤɿɦ ɭɛɪɚɧɶɧɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɦɟʆ ɧɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɵ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɞɡɿɜɚɤɚɜɚɬɵ ɜɵɝɥɹɞ Ⱦɜɨɟ ɹɝɨ ɫɩɚɞɚɪɨɠɧɿɤɚʆ ɛɵɥɿ ɚɩɪɚɧɭɬɵ ʆ ɧɟɫɚɦɚɜɿɬɵɹ ɫɹɥɹɧ ɫɤɿɹ ɫɶɜɿɬɤɿ ɯɨɰɶ ɲɬɚɧɵ ʆ ɚɛɨɞɜɭɯ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɚɲɵ ɜɚɣɫɤɨ ɜɵɹ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɹɤ ɿ ɤɿɪɡɚɜɵɹ ɛɨɬɵ ɧɚ ɧɚɝɚɯ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɩɚɞɦɨɝɭ ɩɪɵɜɺʆ ² ɡɚɞɚɜɨɥɟɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɞɡɟɞ ɩɚɞɵɯɨɞɡɹɱɵ ɞɚ ʆɡɶɦɟɠɤɭ ² Ƚɷɬɚ ɫɜɚɟ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɵɹ ɚɪɦɟɣɰɵ ² ɉɪɵɜɿɬɚɧɶɧɟ ɛɚɣɰɚɦ ɿ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚɦ ² ɡɭɯɚɜɚɬɚ ɫɤɚ ɡɚʆ ɩɹɪɷɞɧɿ ʆ ɦɭɧɞɡɿɪɵ ² Ⱦɡɟɞ ɤɚɠɚ ɩɚɞɜɹɥɨ ɜɚɫ ɛɹɡ ɯɥɟɛɚ ɫɨɥɿ Ⱦɪɷɧɧɚ ɠɵɜɟɰɟ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ 116
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɫɩɚɞɵɥɛɚ ɜɚʆɤɚɜɚɬɚ ɪɚɡɝɥɹɞɜɚʆ ɬɪɚɿɯ ɉɹɬ ɪɭɫɶ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɹɤ ɩɚɫɬɚɜɿɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɩɟɪɚɚɩ ɪɚɧɭɬɵɯ ɛɚɞɡɹɝ ɿ ɞɚ ɿɯ ɧɟɞɚɪɷɱɧɚɝɚ ɬɨɧɭ Ɍ ɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɫɜɚɟ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɚ ɚɥɟ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɧɹɺɦɤɚɫɶɰɶ ɭɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚɥɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɚɞ ɩɪɚɦɚɬɵ ɿ ɲɱɵɪɚɫɶɰɿ ɉɹɪɷɞɧɿ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆ ɬɨɟ ɿ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ² ɇɭ ɲɬɨ ɧɚɞɡɶɦɭɥɿɫɹ" Ȼɭɞɡɟɦ ɡɧɚɺɦɵ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞɱɵɤɚʆ ɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɦɚɟ ɞɪɭɠɛɚɤɿ ɀɭɤ ɿ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ² Ȭɧ ɩɚɤɚɡɚʆ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɫɩɚɞɚɪɨɠɧɿɤɚʆ ² ɬɵɹ ɛɵɥɿ ɫɶɰɿɩɥɟɣɲɵɹ ɡɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɿɤɚ Ʉɚɪɠɚɤɚ ɜɚɬɵ ɿ ɲɵɪɚɤɚɧɨɫɵ ɀɭɤ ɩɪɚɫɬɚɞɭɲɧɚ ʆɫɶɦɿɯɧɭʆɫɹ ɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɿ ɿ ɬɨɧɤɿ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɯɚɜɚʆ ɡɦɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɚɧɵɥɚɫɶɰɶ ɧɚ ɜɭɡɤɿɦ ɧɚɫɚɬɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɿ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɡɦɚʆɱɚɥɿ ɞɵ ɿɦ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɿ ɧɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɰɶ ɫɜɚɟ ɱɵɧɵ ² ɹɧɵ ʆ ɚɛɨɞɜɭɯ ɡɧɚɱɵɥɿɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɚ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɵɯ ɩɹɬɥɿɰɚɯ ² Ⱦɵɤ ɲɬɨ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ ɤɿɪɭɟɦ" ² ɠɜɚɜɚ ɩɵɬɚʆ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɫɹɞɚɸɱɵ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺɦ əɝɨ ɩɚɞɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɧɵɹ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɫɟɥɿ ɞɡɟɞ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɭɡɶɦɟɠɤɚɦ ɪɚɡɶɜɹɡɜɚʆ ɭ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɩɪɵɧɟɫɟɧɵ ɤɥɭɧɚɱɚɤ ɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɬɪɵɦɚɸɱɵ ʆ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɭ ɩɪɵɫɟʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² ɇɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ ² ɩɚɰɶɜɟɪɞɡɿʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² ɇɭ ɿ ɦɵ ɬɭɞɵ ɠ Ɂɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɩɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɿ ɹ ɤɚɠɭ ɡɪɭɱɧɟɣ ɪɚɡɚɦ ² ɭɫɬɚɜɿʆ ɞɡɟɞ ² Ɂɧɨʆ ɠɚ ʆɲɚɫɶɰɹɪɵɯ ɦɨ¶ ɥɟɩɲ ɫɩɪɚɜɿɦɫɹ ² Ⱥ ɡɞɚɥɺɤɭ ɜɵ ɧɹɫɟɰɟ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɲɬɭɤɭ" ² ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɯ ɿɬɪɚ ɜɚɬɚ ɩɪɵɠɦɭɪɵʆɫɹ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɦɿɠɜɨɥɶɧɚ ɡɞɪɵɝɚɧɭʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɝɚ ɩɵ ɬɚɧɶɧɹ ɿ ʆɡɶɧɹʆ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ɜɨɱɵ Ⱥ ɬɨɣ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɵ ɧɟɞɡɟ ʆ ɝɥɵɛɿɧɿ ɹɝɨ ɱɨɪɧɵɯ ɯɭɬɤɿɯ ɜɚɱɷɣ ɡɶɡɹ ɥɚ ʆɫɶɜɟɞɚɦɥɟɧɶɧɟ ʆɥɚɫɧɚɣ ɡɭɯɚɜɚɬɚɫɶɰɿ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɫɿɥɵ ɿ ʆɩɷʆɧɟɧɚɫɶɰɿ ʆ ɠɵɰɶɰɺɜɵɹ ʆɞɚɱɵ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭ ɞɭɦɤɚɯ ɚɛɥɚɹʆ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɚ ɡɚ ɧɹɫɬɪɵɦɚɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɿ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɧɹɩɷʆɧɚ ² Ɂ ɞɚɥɺɤɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɯɬɨ ɹɝɨ ɜɟɞɚɟ ɦɨ¶ ɿ ɧɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɥɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɱɭ ɠɚɰɰɚ ɿɯ Ɇɨ¶ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɥɟɩɟɣ ² ɭɲɚɫɶɰɹɪɵɯ ɦɨ¶ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ² ɧɹɞɪɷɧɧɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɐɹɠɤɚ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ʆɫɺ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɭ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɭ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚɫɶɰɶ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɧɹ ɩɨɣɞɡɟ ʆ ɲɤɨɞɭ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɬɚɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɧɚ ʆɫɺ ɝɥɹɞɡɟɰɶ ɩɿɥɶɧɚ Ⱦɡɟɞ ɬɵɦ ɱ ɚɫɚɦ ɧɚɪɵɯɬɚɜɚʆ ɫɶɧɹɞɚɧɚɤ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɡ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɡɧɚɺɦɵɯ ² ɭɫɶɦɟɲɥɿɜɵ ɀɭɤ ² ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɞɚɫɬɚʆ ɡ ɫɜɚɟ ɫɭɦɤɿ ɛɚɧɤɭ ɧɟɣɤɿɯ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɯ ɤɚɧɫɟɪɜɚʆ ɝɚɫɶɰɿɧɧɚ ɩɚɞɚʆ ɫɬɚ ɪɨɦɭ ɿ ɬɪɨɟ ɝɚɥɨɞɧɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɧɚɥɟɝɥɿ ɧɚ ɟɠɭ ɇɨɜɵɹ ɡɧɚ ɺɦɵɹ ɚɞɦɨɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɚɞ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɜɚɝɚ ɡɚɩɪɚɲɷɧɶɧɹ ɩɚɫɶɧɟ ɞɚɰɶ ɡ ɿɦɿ ɹɧɵ ɤɭɪɵɥɿ ɩɚɩɹɪɨɫɵ ɿ ɦɚʆɱɚɥɿ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɭɫɺ ɩɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɚɦɭ ɧɚɫɶɦɟɲɥɿɜɚ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɝɚɥɨɞɧɵɯ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɧɹ ʆɡɛɪɨɟɧɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɿ ɧɚ ɩɪɵɝɨɠɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɜɵɪɚɡɧɚ ɚɞɛɿɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɚɱɭɰɶɰɺ ʆɥɚɫɧɚɣ ɩɟ ɪɚɜɚɝɿ Ⱥ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɪɷɞɤɭ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɚɧɚ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɧɭɬɪɨ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ Ɂɞɚ ɟɰɰɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɵɯ ɩɪɵɱɵɧ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɞɚɜɟɪ¶ɹ ɚɥɟ ɿɯɧɹɟ ɚɞɡɟɧɶɧɟ ɿ ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɚ ɦɭɧɞɡɿɪ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɵ ɜɵɤɥɿɤɚɥɿ ɧɟɣɤɭɸ ɧɹɩɷʆɧɭɸ ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɚɧɚɫɶɰɶ Ʉ ɧɨɱɵ ɡɚ ɫɭɬɤɿ ɧɹɫɩɵɧɧɚɝɚ ɦɚɪɲɭ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɜɚ ɬɪɨɣ ɤɚ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɡɦɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ , ɫɚɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɿ ɞɡɟɞ ɡ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɵɦ ɭɠɨ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɰɹɝɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɩɚ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɚɯ ɚɝɧɺɦ ɝɚɪɷɥɿ ɿɯ ɡɦɭ ɱɚɧɵɹ ɧɨɝɿ ɭɫɺ ɰɹɠɷɣɲɵɦ ɡɞɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɤɨɠɧɵ ɤɿɥɚɦɟɬɪ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɡ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞɱɵɤɚɦɿ ɬɪɵɦɚʆɫɹ ɛɚɞɡɺɪɚ ² ɡɞɚɜɚ ɥɚɫɹ ɹɧɵ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɥɿ ɫɬɨɦɵ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɭɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɚɩɚɜɹɞɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɭ ɚ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɞɡɟɞɭ ɩɪɚ ɫɜɚɟ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɿɹ ɩɪɵɝɨɞɵ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɿɲɨʆ ɡɡɚɞɭ Ȭɧ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɬɪɵɦɚʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɚɝɚɯ ² ɭ ɬɚɤɿɦ ɫɬɚɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟ ɞɚ ɪɚɡɦɨʆ ² ɚɥɟ ɺɧ ɫɥɭɯɚʆ ɭɫɺ ɲɬɨ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ Ʉɚɥɿ ɝɷɬɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɯɥɭɫɶɧɹ ɞɵɤ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɚ ² ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɫɶɦɟɥɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ Ⱦɡɿʆɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɱɚɦɭ ʆɫɺ ɚɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɹɝɨ ʆ ɧɟɣɤɿɦ ɠɚɪɬɨʆɧɵɦ ɛɹɡɞɭɦɧɚ ɞɡɿɜɚɰɤɿɦ ɬɨɧɟ ² ɰɿ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ʆɫɺ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɭɯɚɜɚɬɚ ɥɺɝɤɚ ɰɿ ɬɵɹ ɡɞɚɪɷɧɶɧɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɥɿ ɫɭɪ¶ɺɡɧɚɝɚ ɫɶɥɟɞɭ ʆ ɞɭɲɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɪɚɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɿɞɡɟ ɚɞ ɫɚɦɚɣ ɝɪɚɧɿɰɵ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɹɧɵ ɡɚɯɚɩɿɥɿ ɬɚɧɤɟɬɤɭ ɿ ɩɟɪɚɚɩɪɚɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ʆ ɧɟɦɰɚ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɧɚ ɺɣ ɞɚʆ ɛɨɣ ɭ ɧɟɣɤɿɦ ɦɹɫɬɷɱɤɭ Ɋɚɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɧɿɛɵ ɹɧɵ ʆɡɹɥɿ ʆ ɩɚɥɨɧ ɧɹ ɦɟɰɤɚɝɚ ɨɛɟɪɫɬɚ ɰɹɝɧɭɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɡ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɞɡɺɧ ɚɠ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɫɚɦɿ ɧɹ ɬɪɚɩɿɥɿ ʆ ɛɹɞɭ ɍ ɞɨɤɚɡ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɝɟɪɨɣɫɬɜɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɩɚɤɚɡɜɚʆ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɧɨɜɟɧɶɤɿ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ©ɜɚɥɶɬɷɪª ɿ ɩɿɥɨɬɤɭ ɩɪɚɫɬɪɷɥɟɧɭɸ ʆ ɞɜɭɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɯ , ɧɚ 118
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɪɷɲɧɟ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɜɟɞɚɦɿʆ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɚɞɩɚɱɵɥɿ ɧɚ ɝɷ ɬɵɦ ɯ ɭɬɚɪɵ ² ɛɵɥɿ ɿ ɦɚɥɚɞɡɿɰɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɿ ɡɚɤɭɫɿɰɶ ɿ ɜɵɩɿɰɶ ɿ ɬɪɵ ɞɧɿ ɩɪɚɣɲɥɿ ɹɤ ɧɚ ɜɹɫɟɥɶɥɿ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɿɦɿ ɥɸɞɡɶɦɿ ɩɪɵɧɺɫ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɧɨɜɚɟ ɛ ɟɫ ɤɥɚɩɨɬɧɚɟ ɿ ɥɺɝɤɚɟ ʆ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɝɪɭɩɵ , ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɿ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɡ ɞɡɟɞɚɦ ɞɚʆɧɨ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɧɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ɝɷɬɤɚɝɚ ɥɸɞɫɤɚ ɝɚ ɚɩɬɵɦɿɡɦɭ ʆ ɬɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɵ ɱɚɫ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɫɚɦɿ ɹɧɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ʆɪɚɠɚɧɵ ɩɟɪɚɧɟɫɟɧɵɦ ɝɨɪɚɦ ɿ ɬɚɦɭ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɥɺɝ ɤɚɫɶɰɶ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɿɦ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɧɟɞɚɪɷɱɧɚɣ əɧɵ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɫɥɭɯɚɥɿ ɡɭɯɚɜɚɬɵɹ ɚɩɚɜɹɞɚɧɶɧɿ ɚɥɟ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɧɟ ɩɚɞɡɹɥɹɥɿ ɡɚɯɚɩɥɟɧɶɧɹ ɪɚɫɤɚɡɱɵɤɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɟʆɩɪɵɰɹɦ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɿ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞɱɵɤɚʆ ² ɿ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɜɹɥɿɤɭɸ ɪɨɡɶɧɿɰɭ ɹɤɚɹ ɬɚɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɡɟ ɚɥɟ ɿ ʆ ɦɚ ɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɬɚɧɟ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɑɚɤɚɰɶ ɪɚɡɥɚɞɭ ɞɚɜɹɥɨɫɹ ɧɹɞɨʆɝɚ ɍɜɟɱɚɪɵ ɡɦɨɪɚɧɵɹ ɞɡɟɞ ɿ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆɲɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɝɨɪɲɵ ɫɬɚɧ ɫɟɪɠɚɧ ɬɚ ɹɤɿ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɩɥɺʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɝɪɭɩɚɣ ɩɪɚɩɚɧɚɜɚɥɿ ɩɟɪɚɧɚɱɚɜɚɰɶ ɭ ɥɟɫɟ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɧɟ ɩɹɪɷɱɵʆ ɫɭɩɪɚɰɶ ɩɪɵɩɵɧɤɭ ɿ ɹɧɵ ɜɵɛɪɚɥɿ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɿ ɤɚɜɚɥɚɤ ɛɹɪɷɡɶɧɿɤɭ ʆ ɹɪɵɧɟ ɉɨɛɚɱ ɛɵʆ ɥɟɫ ɚ ʆɧɿɡɟ ɭ ɤɚɧɰɵ ɹɱɦɟɧɧɚɣ ɧɿɜɵ ɩɚɱɵɧɚɥɚɫɹ ɛɚɥɨɬɚ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɩɚɩɚɞɚɥɿ ɧɚ ʆɡɶɥɟɫɶɫɿ ɧɚ ɥɿɫɰɶɜɹɧɵ ɝɪɵɛɧɵ ɞɨɥ ɿ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ɱɚɤɚɸɱɵ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɡɛɨɥɶɲɚɝɚ ʆɬɚɣɦɭɟɰɰɚ ɫɬɨɦɚ Ɍ ɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɩɚɜɨɥɿ ɰɹɦɧɟɥɚ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɯɚɰɟɥɚɫɹ ɫɩɚɰɶ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡɚɧɟɩɚɤɨɿʆɫɹ ² Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɩɚɫɬɚɜɿɰɶ ɜɚɪɬɭ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ² ɇɭ ɜɹɞɨɦɚ ² ɡɚɲɚɜɹɥɿʆɫɹ ʆ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² Ʉɚɛ ɭɠɨ ɩɚ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɚɦɭ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɡ ɛɹɪɨɡɧɚɝɚ ɜɟɰɶɰɹ ɩɚɝɚɪɞɥɿɜɚ ɚɡɜɚʆɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɵ ɧɚ ² ȼɨ ɡɚɞɭɦɚɥɿ ɲɬɨ Ʉɚɝɨ ɬɭɬ ɛɚɹɰɰɚ ² Ⱥ ɹɤ ɠɚ"²ɫɬɪɵɦɚɧɚ ɡɚɩɹɪɷɱɵʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² Ɇɵ ɠ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ Ɋɨɡɧɚɟ ɦɨɠɚ ɡɞɚɪɵɰɰɚ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɚɛɵɹɤɚɜɚ ɦɚɯɧɭʆ ɪɭɤɨɣ Ȭɇ ɫɨɥɚɞɤɚ ɪɚɫ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɦɹɤɤɿɦ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɿɫɬɵɦ ɞɨɥɟ ² ɩɪɚɫɬɚɜɚɥɨɫɵ ɭ ɪɚɫɲɩɿɥɟɧɵɦ ɦɭɧɞɡɿɪɵ Ȭɧ ɩɪɵɬɚɦɿʆɫɹ ɚɞɩɚɱɵɜɚʆ ɿ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɞɨɛɧɚ ɧɚ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ʆɫɟ ɿɧɲɵɹ ɬɭɪɛɨɬɵ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɛɵɥɿ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɚɞ ɹɝɨ ² Ȼɚɹɡɶɥɿʆɰɵ ɇɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɹ ɡɞɚɪɵɰɰɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɚɞɡɧɚɱɵʆɲɵ ʆ ɞɭɦɤɚɯ ɲɬɨ ɯɚɪɚɤ ɬɚɪ ɛɟɫɤɥɚɩɨɬɧɚɝɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞɱɵɤɚ ɞɚɜɨɥɿ ʆɩɚɪɬɵ Ȭɧ ɩɚɞɭ ɦɚʆ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɿ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɭ ² ȼɵ ɩɚɜɚɪɬɭɣɰɟ ʆ ɩɟɪɲɭɸ ɡɶɦɟɧɭ ɚ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɪɚɡɛɭɞɡɿɰɟ ɦɹɧɟ ² Ⱥ ɬɵ ʆɠɨ ɦɹɧɟ ² ɭɫɬɚɜɿʆ ɞɡɟɞ ² əɤ ɛɵ ʆ ɤɚɪɚɜɭɥɟ Ɂɦɨɪɚɧɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɫɭɰɿɲɵɥɿɫɹ ɩɚɫɧɭɥɿ ɞɡɟ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɭɡɶɧɹʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɬɭ Ɍ ɚɤ ɹɧɵ ʆɬɪɨɯ ɭɤɚɪɚɰɿʆɲɵ ɫɚɛɟ ɞɚɪɚɝɿ ɚɞɩɚɱɵɧɚɤ ɞɡɹɠɭɪɵɥɿ ɞɚ ɫɶɜɿɬɚɧɶɧɹ ɚ ɧɚ ɡɨɥɤɭ ɡ ɰɹɠɤɿɦɿ ɝɚɥɨɜɚɦɿ ɚɞɩɪɚɜɿɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɲɥɹɯ ɇɿɯɬɨ ɡ ɿɯ ɧɟ ɩɚɩɪɚɤɧɭʆ ɫɩɚɞɚɪɨɠɧɿɤɚʆ ɚɥɟ ɿɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɹɺɦɤɚ ɝɥɹɞɡɟɰɶ ɭ ɿɯɧɿɹ ɜɨɱɵ ɪɚɡɦɚʆ ɥɹɰɶ ɡ ɿɦɿ ɛɚɞɡɺɪɵɦɿ ɿ ɫɶɜɟɠɵɦɿ ɿ ɞɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɠ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɦɿ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ʆɪɚɡɿɥɚ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɩɟɪɲɚɹ ɧɹɡɝɨɞɚ ʆ ɤɚɥɟɤ ɬɵɜɟ ɿ ɡɚɬɚɿʆɲɵ ɤɪɵʆɞɭ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ɺɧ ɱɚɤɚʆ ɡɪɭɱɧɚ ɝɚ ɜɵɩɚɞɤɭ ɤɚɛ ɫɭɪ¶ɺɡɧɚ ɩɚɝɭɬɚɪɵɰɶ ɡ ɿɦ Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɲɨɫɬɵ Ⱥɥɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɵ ɺɧ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɣɲɨʆ ɱɚɫɭ ɍ ɬɨɣ ɠɚ ɪɚɧɚɤ ɩɟɪɚɣɲɨʆɲɵ ɧɟɣɤɭɸ ɡɚɛɚɥɚɰɶ ɯ ɥɨɩ ɰɵ ɚɩɵɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɚɣ ɲɵɪɨɤɚɣ ɪɚɤɨɸ Ɍ ɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɫɬɚɹʆɲɵ ʆ ɩ ɨɩɥɚɜɟ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɲɱɵɥɶɧɵɦ ɡɚ ɪɚɫɶɧɿɤɚɦ ɱɚ ɪɨɬɭ ɹɧɵ ɩɚɰ ɿɯɭ ɩɚɣɲɥɿ ʆɡɞɨʆɠ ɛɟɪɚɝɚ ɲɭɤɚɰɶ ɹɤɨɣ ɩɟɪɚɩɪɚɜɵ ȼɹɞɨɦɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɚ ɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɩɟ ɪɚɩɥɵɫɶɰɿ ɪɚɤɭ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɛɪɚʆɫɹ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɪɵ ɪɚɡɵ ɡɚɩɚɪ ɚ ɥɟ ʆ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɛɵɥɚ ɡɛɪɨɹ ɜɨɩ ɪɚɬɤɚ ɞɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɠ ɇɭɩɪɷɟ ʆ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɩɪɵɡɧɚʆɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɩɥɚɜɚɰɶ ɧɹ ʆɦɟɟ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɧ ɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɱɨɜɟɧ ɰɿ ɩɥɵɬ ɰɿ ɯɨɰɶ ɛɵ ɹɤɨɟ ɛɟɪɜɹɧɨ , ɛɚɣɰɵ ɿɲɥɿ ɩɚ ɛɟɪɚɡɟ ɧɚɦɚɱɵʆɲɵ ɧɨɝɿ ɿ ɚɝɥɹɞɚɸɱɵ ɫɹ ɧɚʆɤɨɥɚ ɤɚɛ ɭɛɚɱɵɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɡɞɚɬɧɚɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɚɩ ɪɚɜɵ ɇɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɧɚ ɝɪɭɞɤɭ ɜɿɞɧɟʆɫɹ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɿ ɯɜɚɺɜɵ ɝɚɺɤ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɬɚɦ ɡɧɨɣɞɡɟɦ ɞɪɷɜɚ ɿ ɩɟɪɚɩɪɚɜɿɦ ɩɹɯɨɬɭ ² ɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɦɚɸɱɵ ɧɚ ʆɜɚɡɟ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚ Ȭɧ ɩɚ ɪɚ ɧɟɣɲɚɦɭ ɛɵʆ ɠɜɚɜɵ ɜɹɫɺɥɵ ɫɩɪɵɬɧɵ ² ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɱɚ ɥɚɜɟɤ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɧɿɹɤɚɣ ɞɭɲɷʆɧɚɣ ɫɤɪɭɯɿ ɞɚ ʆɫɹɝɨ ɫɬɚɜɿʆ ɫɹ ɥɺɝɤɚ ɿ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɜɚɪɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɿɦ ɭɡɶɧɹɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɝɪɭɞɨɤ ɩɚɞ ɹɥɨɜɵɹ 120
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɲɚɬɵ ʆɡɶɥɟɫɤɭ ɹɤ ɜɨɱɵ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧ ɵ ɡɚɝɚɪɷɥɿɫɹ ɧɨɜɵɦ ɠɚɞɚɧɶɧɟɦ ² Ȼɪɚɬɤɿ ɝɥɹɧɶɰɟ ɦɨɫɬ Ⱦɚɥɿɛɨɝ ɦɨɫɬ ɿ ɰɷɥɵ ɫɩɪɚʆ ɧɵ ɫɶɩɟɰɵɹɥɶɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɫ ɋɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɧɚ ɡɚɜɚɪɨɰɟ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɪɚɤɭ ɚɞ ɛ ɟɪɚɝɚ ɞɚ ɛ ɟɪɚɝɚ ɩɪɚɥɺɝ ɞɨʆɝɿ ɞɪɚʆɥɹɧɵ ɦɨɫɬ ɧɚ ɰɵɛɚɬɵɯ ɛɺɪɧɚɯ ɫɜɚɹɯ Ɍ ɚɦ ɛɟɝɥɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɚ ɹɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɩɭɫɬɚɹ ɧɚ ɥɭɠɤɭ ɥɹ ɦɨɫɬɚ ɩɚɫɶɜɿʆɫɹ ɫɬɪɵɧɨɠɚɧɵ ɝ ɧɹɞɵ ɤɨɧɿɤ ɧɚ ɞɪɨɰɟ ʆɝɚɪɵ ɫɚɛɪɚʆɲɵɫɹ ʆ ɪɚɞ ɰɟɪɚɛɿɥɿɫɹ ɥɚɫɬɚʆɤɿ ² Ƚɚɣɞɚ ɇɿɤɨɝɚ ɧɹɦɚ ² ɩɟɪɚɫɤɨɱɵɦ ɿ ʆɫɺ ² ɧɚɫɬɨɣɜɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ əɧɵ ɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɜɵɣɲɥɿ ɧɚ ɥɭɠɨɤ ɤɨɧɿɤ ɭɛɚɱɵʆɲɵ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɺɦɵɯ ɰɿɤɚʆɧɚ ʆɡɶɧɹʆ ɝɨɥɚʆ ² Ⱥ ɞɚɜɚɣ ɪɵɫɚɤɚ ɡɚɯɨɩɿɦ ² ɩɪɚɩɚɧɚɜɚʆ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ² Ⱦɡɟɞɭ ɹɤɪɚɡ ɩɚ ɪɨɫɬɭ Ⱥɛɨ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɭ ɧɚ ɤɚɧɿ ɩɚɞ ɫɶɰɹ ɝɚɦ ɩɚɜɹɞɡɟ ɧɚɫ ɹɤ ɑɚɩɚɣ ² Ʉɿɧɶ ɞɭɪɷɰɶ ² ɤɨɪɚɬɤɚ ɛɭɪɤɧɭʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² Ⱦɚɜɚɣ ɯɭɬɱɷɣ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɬɪɵɦɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɿ ʆɠɨ ʆɡɶɛɟɝ ɧɚ ɚɞɯɨɧ ɹɤ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɞɚɧɺɫɶɫɹ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɬɨɣ ɫɚɦɵ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɵ ɝɭɤ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɚɫɶɰɟɪɚɝɚʆɫɹ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ Ȭɧ ɩɪɵɫɟʆ ɧɚ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɿɫɬɵɦ ɚɞɯɨ ɧɟ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɿ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɫɤɚɰɿʆɫɹ ʆɧɿɡ ȱɧɲɵɹ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɭɰɹɦɿɥɿ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɭ ɿ ɧɟ ɡɝɚɜɨɪɜɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɚɞɡɿɧɚɟ ɬɭɬ ɫɯɨɜɿɲɱɚ ² ɩɚɞ ɦɨɫɬ ɍɫɶɥɟɞ ɡɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɦ ɹɧɵ ʆɡɶɥɟɡɶɥɿ ɩɚ ɚɞɯɨɧɭ ʆ ɫɚɦɵ ɜɟɪɯ ɩɚɞɦɚɫɬɨʆɹ ɿ ɡɚɬɚɿʆɲɵ ɞɵɯɚɧɶɧɟ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɵɥɿ ɫɥɵɯ ɉɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɿɲɥɿ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ əɧɵ ɧɚɛɥɿɠɚ ɥɿɫɹ ɭɠɨ ɱɭɜɚɰɶ ɫɬɚ ɥɚ ɹɤ ɥɹɡɝɚɟ ɧɟ ɲɬɚ ʆ ɿɯ ɤɭɡɚɜɚɯ ɹɤ ɞɪɵɠɵɰɶ ɡɹɦɥɹ ɡ ɧɚ ɛɪɵɧɹɥɵɯ ɫɵɪɚ ɫɶɰɸ ɛ ɹɪɜɟɧɶɧ ɹʆ ɧɟɞɚ ɪɷɱɧɚ ɲɚɪɯɨɬɤɚ ɫɵɩɚ ɥɚɫɹ ɡɹɦɥɹ ©Ɂɚ ʆɜɚɠɵɥɿ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵɥɿª ² ɬ ɚɱɵɥɚ ɝɨɥɚʆ ɤɨɠ ɧɚɝɚ ɞɭɦɤɚ ɿ ɩɚɤɭɬɥɿɜɚ ɝɚɪ ɚɱɵɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɠɚɞɚɧɶɧɟ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɿɫɹ ɩɪɚɟɯɚɥɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ Ⱥɛɟɪɭɱ ɭɡɹʆɲɵɫɹ ɡɚ ɜɿɧɬɨʆ ɤɭ ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɚɧɚ ɿ ɫɭɪ ɨɜɚ ɩɚ ɡɿɪɚʆ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɦɨɫɬɚ ɇɭɩ ɪɷ ɟʆ ɫɬ ɚɪɨ ɠɤɚ ɱɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɝɚ ɬɨɜɵɹ ɞɚ ɛɨɸ ɀɭ ɤ ɿ Ʉɚ ɥ ɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɞɡɟɞ ɚ ɞ ɧɚɩɪɭ ɠɚɧɚɣ ɭɜɚɝɿ ɿ ɱɚɤɚɧ ɶɧɹ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɫɤɚɦɹɧɟʆ ɚɞɤɪɵʆɲɵ ɫɬɚɪɷɱɵ ɪɨɬ ɍɫɟ ɩɪɵɬɚɿɥɿɫɹ ɦɚʆ ɱɚɥɿ ɧɚɜɚ ɬ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɿ ɬɨɣ ɲɱɵɥɶɧɚ ɫɶɰɿɫ ɧɭʆ ɜɭ ɫɧɵ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɫɶɰɹʆ ɧɚɞ ɩɟɪɚɧɨ ɫɶɫɟɦ ɛ ɪɨɜɵ ɿ ɞɪɚɩɟɠɧɚ ɫɯɿɥɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɪɵɯɬ ɚɜɚʆɲɵ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɉɪɵɰɿɫɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɫɶɩɿɧɨɣ ɞɚ ɧɿɡɤɚɣ ɝɧɿɥɨɣ ɫɬɨɥɿ ɉɹɬ ɪɭɫɶ ɩɪɚɤɥɿɧɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ɿ ɫɹɛɟ ɡɚ ɧɟɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɿ ɩɚɤɭɬɥɿɜɚ ɩɟɪɚɛɿɪɚʆ ɭ ɞɭɦɤɚɯ ɦɚɝɱɵɦɵɹ ɜɚɪɵɹɧɬɵ ɜɵ ɪɚɬɚɜɚɧɶɧɹ Ɇɚɲɵɧɵ ɧɚɛɥɿɠɚɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɝɭɥ ɦɚɬɨ ɪɚʆ ɬɚɤ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɱɭɬɧɵ ɬɭɬ ɩɚɞ ɦɨɫɬɚɦ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ © Ɂɚʆɜɚ ɠɵɥɿ ª ² ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭɥɚ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚɟ ɦɟɪɤɚɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɿ ɚɞɱɭʆɲɵ ɹɤ ɪɚ ɡɶɥɿɜɚɟɰɰɚ ɩɚ ɰɟɥɟ ɦɥɹɜɚɫɶɰɶ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɜɵɧɹʆ ɡ ɤɿɲɷɧɿ ɫɜɚɸ ɚɞɡɿɧɭɸ ɝɪɚɧɚɬɭ ² ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɠɵɜɵɦɿ ɧɟ ɡɞɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɉɨɦɧɿɰɟ ɫɶɰɹɝ ² ɱɭɠɵɦ ɧɚɬɭɠɥɿɜɵɦ ɝɨɥɚɫɚɦ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ɿ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɛɚɣ ɰɨʆ ɤɚɛ ɭɩɷʆɧɿɰɰɚ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɩɚɞɬɪɵɦɚɸɰɶ ɹɝɨ Ɍ ɜɚɪ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɵ ɩɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɚɦɭ ɛɵʆ ɡɚɫɹɪɨɞɠɚɧɵ ɿ ɪɚɲɭɱɵ ɭɫɶ ɦɟɲɥɿɜɵ ɲɵɪɚɤɚɧɨɫɵ ɀɭɤ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɚʆ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɹɲɱɷ ɬɨɣ ɛɹɞɵ ɲɬɨ ɧɚɜɿɫɥɚ ɧɚɞ ɿɦɿ Ⱥɞɡɿɧ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɧɟɹɤ ɧɿɛɵ ɧɟɡɚɞɚɜɨɥɟɧɚ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɧɚɫɭɩɿʆɫɹ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɤɪɭɤɚɧɨɫɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɚɦ ɉɚɞ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɵɦɿ ɛɪɨɜɚɦɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɝɥɵɛɟɣ ɡɚɩɚɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɧɟɬɚɪɨɩɤɿɹ ɪɚɡɜɚɠɥɿɜɵɹ ɜɨɱɵ ² ɇɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ² ɡɚɲɚɩɬɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɵ ɛ ɚɟɰ ± ɋɬɚɧɚɜɿɰɟ ɫɹ ɞɜɨɟ ʆ ɬɨɣ ɛɨɤ ɿ ɞɜɨɟ ʆ ɝɷɬɵ Ⱦɡɟɞ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɯɚɣ ɭ ɤɭɬ ɥɟɡɭɰɶ ɇɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɹɞɭɠɚ ɡɪɭɱɧɚ ɜɨɡɶɦɭɰɶ ɏɚɣ ɫɭɧɭɰɰɚ əɧɵ ɪɚɡɶɛɟɝɥɿɫɹ ɹɤ ɪɚɿʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ± ɀɭɤ ɿ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɫɬɚɥɿ ɡ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɛɨɤɭ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɿ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɡ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɲɵɪɨɤɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɚɜɿʆɲɵ ɧɨɝɿ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɹɪɷɞɡɿ ɧɟ ɝɚɬɨɜɵ ɪɵɧɭɰɰɚ ʆ ɥɸɛɵ ɛ ɨɤ Ⱦɡɟɞɭ ɧɟ ɰɹɪɩɟɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɿ ɺɧ ɦɿɬɭɫɿʆɫɹ ɩɚ ɚɞɯɨɧɭ ɩɚɞɛɹɝɚɸɱɵ ɬɨ ɞɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚ ɬɨ ɞɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɵ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɲɚɩɬɚʆ ɭɫɬɪɵɜɨɠɚɧɚ ² Ɉɬ ɯɚɥɟɪɚ ɨɬ ɭɥɟɡɶɥɿ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɠ ɛɵɥɨ ɝɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɜɨɪɚɝɿ ɲɬɨɫɶɰɿ ɦɚɪɭɞɡɿɥɿ ɿ ɧɿɜɨɞɡɿɧ ɡ ɿɯ ɧɟ ɩɚɤɚɡ ɜɚʆɫɹ ɩɚɞ ɦɨɫɬ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɩɚɤɭɬɥɿɜɚ ɱɚɤɚɥɿ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɧɨɜɵ ɝɭɤ ɧɟ ʆɫɩɚɥɚɲɵʆ ɭɫɸ ɿɯɧɸɸ ɝɪɭɩɭ Ƚɷɬɚ ɛɵʆ ɦɨɰɧɵ ɩɥɹɫɤ ɭ ɪɚɰɷ ɭɫɶɥɟɞ ɡɚ ɹɤɿɦ ɪɚɡɞɚʆɫɹ ɝɭɱɧɵ ɝɨɥɚɫ ɱɭɠɵɧɰɚ ² ɐɭɦ ɬɨɣɮɟɥɶ ɞɷɪ ɪɭɫɿɲɷ Ɋɷɿɧ ɿɫɬ ɝɚɧɰ ɤɥɹɣɧ * * Ⱦɚ ɞ¶ ɹɛɥɚ ɪɭɫɤɿ Ɋ ɷɣɧ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɦɚɥɵ ɧɹɦ Ɍɭɬ ɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɡɧɨɫɤɿ ɚʆɬɚɪ ɚ ± Ɋɷ ɞ )
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ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚ ʆɫɤɪɚɣɤɭ ɜɵɫɭɧɭʆɫɹ ɡ ɫɵɪɨɣ ɡɚ ɫɟɤɿ ɩɚɞɦɚɫɬɨʆɹ ɿ ʆɛɚɱɵʆ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɟ ɉɚɤɿɧɭʆɲɵ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɜɨɪɚɝɿ ɜɵɫɵ ɩɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɥɭɠɨɤ ɞɡɟ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɚ ɿɲɥɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɿ ɩɚɫɶɜɿʆɫɹ ɝɧɹ ɞɵ ɤɨɧɿɤ ɞɪɭɠɧɚ ɩɚɫɤɿɞɚɥɿ ɡ ɫɹɛɟ ɦɭɧɞɡɿɪɵ ɿ ɡ ɜɹɫɺɥɵɦ ɪɨɝɚɬɚɦ ɥɟɡɶɥɿ ʆ ɜɚɞɭ ɑɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɞɜɨɟ ʆɠɨ ɩɥɵɥɿ ʆɲɵɪɤɿ ɪɚɤɿ ɧɟɤɚɬɨɪɵɹ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɚ ɛɟɪɚɡɟ ɩɚɰɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɫɜɚɟ ɝɨɥɵɹ ɝɪɭɞɡɿ ȼɿɞɚɰɶ ɛ ɵɥɨ ɩɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɯɥɨɩɰɚʆ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɧɟ ɡɚʆ ɜɚɠɵʆ Ɂɧɨʆ ɧɟ ɡɝɚɜɨɪɜɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɛɨɤɭ ɦɨɫɬɚ ɫɩɚɞɡɟɸɱɵɫɹ ɩɚ ɡɚ ɧɚɫɵɩɚɦ ɚɞɛɟɝɱɵ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɦɟɫɰɚ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɹɤɿ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɜɵɫɭɧɭʆɫɹ ɡɧɨʆ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɇɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɥɹ ɫɚɦɚɣ ɭɡɛɨɱɵɧɵ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ² ɬɚɦ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɛɵɥɿ ɜɨɪɚɝɿ ɹɧɵ ɛ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɡɚʆ ɜɚɠɵɥɿ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ əɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɰɰɚ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ" ² Ⱥɯ ɜɵ ɜɟɩɪɭɤɿ ɩɚɝɚɧɵɹ ² ɚɛɭɪɚʆɫɹ ɞɡɟɞ ² ɧɟ ɦɚɝɥɿ ɫɚɛɟ ɿɧɲɚɝɚ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɡɧɚɣɫɶɰɿ ² ɐɿɯɚ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² Ɂ ɰɟɧɸ ɧɟ ɜɵɥɚɡɿɰɶ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɭɫɺ ɫɭɩɚɤɨɣɜɚʆ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ² ɇɿɱɨɝɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɧɹ ʆɛɚɱɚɰɶ ɉɚɤɭɩɚɸɰɰɚ ɿ ɩɚɟɞɭɰɶ ɧɟ ɧɚ ɝɭɥɹɧɤɭ ɠ ɩɪɵɟɯɚɥɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɧɹ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɫɶɩɹɲɚɥɿɫɹ ɍɠɨ ɦɧɨɝɿɹ ɩɚɜɵɥɚɡɿɥɿ ɡ ɜɚɞɵ ɿ ɪɚɡɶɥɹɝɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɭɠɤɭ ɩɚɞɫɬɚɜɿʆɲɵ ɫɨɧɰɭ ɛɥɿɲɱɚɫɬɵɹ ɦɨɤɪɵɹ ɫɶɩɿɧɵ ɇɟɤɚɬɨɪɵɹ ɩɚɱɚɥɿ ɦɵɰɶ ɫɜɚɸ ɚɞɡɟɠɵɧɭ ɇɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɪɚɣɲɥɨ ɱɚɫɭ Ⱦɨʆɝɚɹ ɩɚɥɚɫɚ ɰɟɧɸ ɚɞ ɦɨɫɬɚ ʆɠɨ ɩɚɪɚɞɤɚɦ ɩɚɫɭɧɭɥɚɫɹ ʆɛɨɤ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɩɚɱɚɥɿ ɝɭɛɥɹɰɶ ɰɹɪɩɟɧɶɧɟ ² Ⱦɚ ɜɟɱɚɪɚ ɹɧɵ ɫɸɞɵ ɞɚɪɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɰɿ ɲɬɨ" ² ɩɟɪɲɵ ɧɟ ɫɬɪɵɜɚʆ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ² Ⱦɚɜɚɣɰɟ ɫɤɨɱɵɦ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɞɵ ɥɭ ɩɹɧɺɦ ɩɚ ʆɫɺɣ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɫɜɚɥɚɰɟ ² ɇɭ ɚ ɩɨɬɵɦ" ² ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɫɩɵɬɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² Ⱥ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɲɬɨ" ² ɇɟ ɬɚɤ ɧɹ ɦɨɠɧɚ ² ɚɡɜɚʆɫɹ ɞɡɟɞ ² Ɍɪɷɛɚ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɉɚɱɚɤɚɥɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɋɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɡɚɛɿʆɲɵɫɹ ʆ ɞɭɲɧɵ ɫɶɦɹɪɞ ɡɸɱɵ ɡɚɫɟɧɶ ɦɚʆɱɚɥɿ ɿ ɩɚɤɭɬɜɚɥɿ Ⱦɡɟɞ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɡɚɤɭɪɵɰɶ ɚɥɟ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɿ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɰɵɤɧɭɥɿ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɫɬɚɪɵ ɫɯɚɜɚʆ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɫɜɨɣ ɫɤɭɪɚɧɵ ɤɚɩɲɭɤ Ⱥɞɧɨɣɱɵ ɩɚɱɭɥɿɫɹ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɥɹ ɧɚɫɵ ɩɭ ɛɥɿɡɤɿɹ ɤɪɨɤɿ ² ɥɸɞɡɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɚɛɦɺɪɥɿ ɧɚɫɶɰɟɪɚɠɵɥɿɫɹ ² ɋɥɭɯɚɣɰɟ ɛ ɪɚɬɤɿ ² ɥɟɞɡɶ ɱɭɬɧɚ ɩɪɚɲɚɩɬɚʆ ɞɡɟɞ ² Ⱥ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɹɤɿ ɩɥɸɝɚɜɟɰ ɩɚ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɟ ɫɸɞɵ ɫɭɧɟɰɰɚ" ɒɬɨ ɬɚɞɵ" ² Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɜɵɛɿɪɚɰɰɚ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ ² ɭɩɷʆɧɟɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɚ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɩɪɚɩɚɧɚɜɚʆ ² Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɜɵɛɟɝɱɵ ɿ ʆɪɚɫɫɵɩɧɭɸ ʆ ɩɨɥɟ ɍ ɠɵɰɟ ɧɹ ɡɥɨɜɹɰɶ ² ɗɯ ɬɵ ɧɹ ɡɥɨɜɹɰɶ ² ɪɚɡɡɥɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɚɞɫɬɪɷɥɹɰɶ ɤɚɝɨ" Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɫɶɰɹɝ" Ɂɧɨʆ ɭɫɟ ɡɚɦɚʆɱɚɥɿ ɩɚɤɭɬɥɿɜɚ ɲɭɤɚɸɱɵ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɹ ² Ⱥɯ ɪɚɫɬɚɤɭɸ ɬɜɚɸ ɮɚɲɵɫɰɤɭɸ ɦɨɪɞɭ ² ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɜɵɥɚɹʆɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ²Ȭɫɶɰɶ ɫɩɨɫɚɛ ə ɿɦ ɩɪɵɤɨɧɱɭ ɝɷɬɵ ɤɭɪɨɪɬ ɍɫɟ ɡ ɪɚɩɬɨʆɧɚɣ ɧɹɩɷʆɧɚɣ ɧɚɞɡɟɹɣ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɧɚ ɯɥɨɩ ɰɚ ɚ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɧɹ ɤɚɠɭɱɵ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɫɤɿɧɭʆ ɪɚɦɟɧɶ ɫɶɰɹɝɧɭʆ ɛɨɬɵ ɚɞɞɚʆ ɭɫɺ ɀɭɤɭ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɺɧ ɚɛɦɚɰɚʆ ɲɦɚɬ ɥɿɤɿɹ ɤɿɲɷɧɿ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɦɭɧɞɡɿɪɚ ² ɜɵɰɹɝɧɭʆ ɞɚɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɚ ɩɟɪɤɿ ɿ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɩɟɪɚɞɚʆ ɿɯ ɀɭɤɭ ɧɚɪɷɲɰɟ ɞɚɫɬɚʆ ɡ ɤɿɲɷɧɿ ɧɨɜɟɧɶɤɿ ɜɚɪɚɧɺɧɵ ©ȼɚɥɶɬɷɪª ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ² ɇɚ ɜɨɫɶ ɬɪɵɦɚɣ ɭ ɰɹɛɟ ɠ ɡɛɪɨɿ ɧɹɦɚ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɡɹʆ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɸɱɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɲɬɨ ɧɚ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɚ ɬɨɣ ɜɵɝɥɹɧɭʆɲɵ ʆ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɿ ʆ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɛɨɤ ɚɞ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɩɪɵɝɧɭʆɫɹ ɿ ɩɚɥɚɫɨɣ ɰɟɧɸ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɪɚɤɿ ² ɉɚɞ ɜɟɱɚɪ ɞɡɟ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɪɚɫɩɚɥɿɰɟ ² ɹ ʆɛɚɱɭ ɞɚɝɚɧɸ ² ɩɪɚɲɚɩɬɚʆ ɺɧ ɿ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɩɚɩɨʆɡ ɭɧɿɡ ɉɹɰɺɪɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɩɨʆɧɵɹ ʆɜɚɝɿ ɿ ɫɩɚɞɡɹɜɚɧɶɧɹ ɫɚɱɵɥɿ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɇɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɚ ɡ ɰɿɯɿɦ ɩɥɟɫɤɚɦ ɡɶɧɿɤ ɭ ɱɚɪɨɬɚɯ Ɂɧɨʆ ɩɚɰɹɝɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɛɹɫɤɨɧɰɚɟ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɚɧɚɟ ɱɚɤɚɧɶɧɟ Ȼɚɣɰɵ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɬɨ ʆ ɛɚɤɿ ɬɨ ɧɚ ɪɚɤɭ ² ɬɚɦ ɦɿɠ ɱɚɪɨɬɚʆ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭɥɚ ɝɚɥɚɜɚ ɿ ʆɡɶɧɹɬɚɹ ɧɚɞ ɜɚɞɨɣ ɪɭɤɚ ɡ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɚɦ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɭɫɺ ɡɶɧɿɤɥɚ ɿ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɭɠɨ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɟ ɩɚ ɤɚɡɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɇɚ ɥɭɠɤɭ ɚɞ ɛɟɪɚɝɚ ɞɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ʆɫɺ ɫɧɨʆɞɚɥɿ ɩɚʆɪɚɫɩɪɚ ɧɭɬɵɹ ɜɨɪɚɝɿ ɤɭɩɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɪɚɰɷ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɧɟ ɚɞɩɥɵɜɚɸɱɵ ɞɚ ɥɺɤɚ ɉɚ ɦɨɫɶɰɟ ɪɚɡɵ ɞɜɚ ɩɪɚɝɪɭɤɚɰɟɥɿ ɚɞɡɿɧɨɤɿɹ ɦɚɲɵ 124
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ɧɵ ɧɚɫɶɰɿɥ ɯɿɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɿ ɧɚ ɝɚɥɨɜɵ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɫɵɩɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɣ ɤɚɹ ɬɪɭɯɚ ɑɚɫɭ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɩɪɚɣɲɥɨ ɛɚɝɚɬɚ ɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɵ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɟ ɱɭɜɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɨɜɚɹ ɬɪɵɜɨɝɚ ² ɱɚɫɚɦ ɫɟɪ ɠɚɧɬɭ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ʆɠɨ ɡɥɚɜɿɥɿ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɭɬɚ ɩɿʆɫɹ ʆ ɪɚɰɷ ɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɧɚɨɝɭɥ ɜɵɪɚɲɵʆ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɰɶ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɋɹɪɨɞ ɝɷ ɬɵɯ ɩɚɤɭɬɥɿɜɵɯ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɜɚɧɶɧɹʆ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɝɭɥɤɚ ɩɪɚɪɷɡɚɥɚ ɫɩɚɤɨɣ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɧɚɹ ɱɚɪɝɚ ɍ ɪɷɱɰɵ ɚɞɪɚ ɡɭ ɫɶɰɿɯɥɿ ɛɭɥɶɤɚɬ ɿ ɩɥɹɫɤɚɧɶɧɟ ɚɛɚɪɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɚɜɿɧɟ ɧɹɫɤɨɧɱɚɧɚɹ ɮɪɚɡɚ ©ɝɷɪ ɨɛɟɪ ɟɮɪɷɣɬɨɪ ɞɚɫ ª ɝɨɥɵɹ ɤɭ ɩɚɥɶɲɱɵɤɿ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɛɟɪɚɝɿ ɚ ɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɝɚɣɤɭ ɧɚ ɝɪɭɞɤɭ ɬɚɪɚɯɰɟɥɿ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɿɹ ɱɷɪɝɿ Ƚɷɬɵ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɡɚɞɭɦɚɧɚɝɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɨɣ ɩɥɚɧɚ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɧɟ ɫɚɩɫɚɜɚʆ ɭɫɸ ɫɩɪɚɜɭ ɇɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɥɹ ɯɥɨɩɰɚʆ ɡɚɲɚɦɚɰɟʆ ɱɚɪɨɬ ɩɪɵɝɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɡ ɹɝɨ ɜɵɫɤɚ ɱɵʆ ɝɨɥɵ ɧɟɦɟɰ Ʉɚɥɿ ɛ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɺɧ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɭ ɿɯ ɛɨɤ ɞɵɤ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆ ɛɵ ʆ ɹɤɿɯ ɞɡɟɫɹɰɿ ɤɪɨɤɚɯ ɧɹ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɡɚ ɦɚɫɤɿɪɚɜɚɧɵɯ ɛ ɚɣɰɨʆ Ⱥɥɟ ɺɧ ɛɵʆ ɧɚɩɚɥɨɯɚɧɵ ɿ ɚɩɵɧɭʆ ɲɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɠɧɿ ɛɹɝɨɦ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ Ⱥɡɿɪɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɹɤ ɫɩɚɤɭɫɶɥɿɜɚ ɰɚɥɹɥɿ ʆ ɫɶɩɿɧɭ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɀɭɤ ɿ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɜɵɫɭɧɭʆ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɦɨɫɬɚ ɞɨʆɝɭɸ ɪɭɥɸ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɿ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɪɵɰɿ ɲɚɧɚ ɩɚɝɪɚɡɿʆ ɿɦ ɩɚɩɹɪɷɞɠɜɚɸɱɵ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɜɚɜɨɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ⱥ ɩɚ ɬɨɣ ɛɨɤ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɡ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɿɦɿ ɩɪɚɦɟɠɤɚɦɿ ɰɿɲɵɧɿ ʆɫɺ ɝɭɱɷɥɿ ɱɷɪɝɿ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɜɟɫɶ ɫɶɰɿɫɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɚɞ ɧɟɡɜɵɱɚɣ ɧɚɝɚ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɚɧɶɧɹ ɫɚɱɵʆ ɡɚ ɜɨɪɚɝɚɦɿ ɹɤɿɹ ɧɿɛɵ ɦɭɪɚɲɤɿ ʆ ɩɚɬɪɵɜɨɠɚɧɵɦ ɦɭɪɚɜɟɣɧɿɤɭ ɡɚɦɿɬɭɫɿɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɭɠɤɭ Ȭɧ ɱɚɤɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɧɚɩɚɥɨɯɚɸɰɰɚ ɿ ɡɚɜɺʆɲɵ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɩɚɿɦɱɚɰɰɚ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ ɚɥɟ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɚ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨ ɡɟ ɏɭɬɤɚ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɿ ɞɡɟ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɚ ɿ ɭɯɚ ɩɿʆɲɵ ɡɛɪɨɸ ɩɚɱɚɥɿ ɡ ɥɭɠɤɚ ɲɚɥɺɧɭɸ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɧɿɧɭ ɇɟɯ ɬɚ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɭɩɚʆ ɬɚɦ ɿ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɧɟ ɤɪɚɬɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɞɯɚɩɿɥɿ ɿɧɲɵɹ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɭɰɹɤɚɰɶ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ ɹɧɵ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɧɹ ɦɟɥɿ ɧɚɦɟɪɭ ɿ ɩɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɟ ɚɮɿɰɷɪɚ ɥɚɧɰɭɠɤɨɦ ɡɚɥɹɝɥɿ ɩɚɞ ɞɚɪɨɠɧɵɦ ɧɚɫɵɩɚɦ ɿ ɞɪɭɠɧɚ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɥɿ Ʌɹɫɧɨɟ ɧɚɜɚ ɤɨɥɶɥɟ ɦɧɨɠɵɥɚ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɧɿɧɭ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɜɚɤɨɥ ɝɪɵɦɟɥɚ ɚɝɥɭ ɲɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɭɰɷɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɭɥɚɦ ɍ ɞɭɦɤɚɯ ɯɜɚɥɹɱɵ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨ ɜɚ ɿ ʆɩɟɪɲɵɧɸ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɸɱɵ ɧɟɩɚɤɨɣ ɡɚ ɹɝɨ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɫɟɪ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɟɝɱɵ əɝɨ ɩɨɡɿɪɤ ɫɭɫɬɪɷʆɫɹ ɡ ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɚɧɵɦ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɵɦ ɩɨɡɿɪɤɚɦ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɭ ɿɦ ɡɝɨɞɭ ɿ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɜɵɛɟɝ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɦɨɫɬɚ Ɇɚɲɵɧɵ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɧɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɵɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɯ ɚɥɟ ɧɟɦɰɚʆ ɦɿɠ ɿɦɿ ʆɠɨ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɩɪɵɝɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɲɵɛɚɧɭɥɿ ɩɚʆɡ ɧɚ ɫɵɩ ɭ ɛɨɤ ɞɡɟ ɜɿɞɧɟɥɚɫɹ ɠɵɬɚ Ⱥɩɨɲɧɿɦ ɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɛɟɝ ɡɦɚɪɤɚɬɧɟɥɵ ɀɭɤ Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɫɺɦɵ ɇɚɞɜɹɱɨɪɤɚɦ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɟ ɧɟɛɚ ɡɚɩɥɵɥɨ ɲɵɡɚɣ ɬɭɦɚɧɧɚɣ ɫɦɭɝɨɸ ɉɪɚɡ ɹɟ ɛɥɿɫɤɭɱɚɣ ɧɟɜɵɪɚɡɧɚɣ ɩɥɹɦɚɣ ɝɥɹɞɡɟɥɚ ɡ ɧɟɛɚɫɯɿɥɭ ɫɨɧɰɚ əɧɨ ɧɟ ɩɹɤɥɨ ɚɥɟ ʆ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɪ ɧɚ ɞɭɲɧɚ Ⱦɪɷɜɵ ɿ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɚ ɩɪɵɰɿɯɥɿ ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɵɥɿɫɹ ɱɚɝɨɫɶ ɱɚɤɚɥɿ Ɇɨɤɪɵɹ ɚɞ ɩɨɬɭ ɩɹɰɺɪɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɡɚ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɥɟɡɶɥɿ ɧɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɚɤ ɉɚɞ ɿɯ ɧɚɝɚɦɿ ɛɥɵɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɩɚ ɝɪɭɞɡɿ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɚ ɇɟɞɡɟ ɧɚɞ ɥɚɝɱɵɧɚɣ ɩɚɬɪɵɜɨɠɚɧɚɹ ɥɸɞɡɶɦɿ ɠɚɥɚɫɶɥɿɜɚ ɤɿɝɿɤɚɥɚ ɤɧɿɝɚʆɤɚ Ʌɟɫ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɿʆ ɭɞɚɥɹɱɵɧɶ ɩɚɤɿɧɭʆɲɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɵɜɨɥɶɥɿ ɜɹɥɿɡɧɵ ɚɛɲɚɪ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɫɿɧɟʆ ɿ ɬɚɹʆ ɭ ɫɨɧɟɱɧɵɦ ɡɡɹɧɶɧɿ ɩɪɨɣɞɡɟɧɵ ɥɸɞɡɶɦɿ ɛɨɪ Ⱥɥɟ ɜɨɫɶ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɩɚɬɭɯ ɫɨɧɟɱɧɵ ɛɥɹɫɤ ɪɚɫɬɜɚɪɵɥɚ ɫɹ ɩɚɬɚɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɦɭɬɧɚɣ ɫɿɧɿ ɞɚɥɺɤɚɹ ɩɚɥɨɫɤɚ ɛɨɪɭ ɋɟɪ ɠɚɧɬ ɲɚɜɹɥɶɧɭʆ ɩɚɞ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɚɣ ɦɨɤɪɵɦɿ ɚɞ ɩɨɬɭ ɥɚ ɩɚɬɤɚɦɿ ɿ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɡɚ ɿɦɿ ɝɧɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɧɟɛɟ ɜɹɥɿɡɧɚɹ ɧɚɜɚɥɶɧɿɱɧɚɹ ɯɦɚɪɚ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɫɩɚɞɚɪɨɠɧɿɤɚʆ ɀɭɤ ɿ Ʉɚɥ ɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɬɪɵɦɚɥɿɫɹ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɭɠɨ ɫɬɚ ɹɥɿ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɿ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɝɥɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɧɚ ɡɚɯɚɞ ɉɪɚɡ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɤɪɨ ɤɚʆ ɡɚ ɿɦɿ ɿɲɥɿ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɿ ɞɡɟɞ əɧɵ ʆɫɟ ɩɪɵɫɬɚɥɿ ɚɥɟ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɧɟ ɞɚɜɚʆ ɩɟɪɚɞɵɲɤɿ ² ɹɦɭ ɯɚɰɟɥɚɫɹ ɞɚ ɧɨɱɵ ɹɤ ɦɚɝɚ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɚɞɚɪɜɚɰɰɚ ɚɞ ɜɨɪɚɝɚʆ ɿ ɡɚɧɚɱɚɜɚɰɶ ɭ ɫɩɚɤɨɿ Ɂɧɨʆ ɠɚ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɫɩɚɥɿɰɶ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɤɚɛ ɞɚɰɶ ɫɿɝɧɚɥ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨɜɭ ɹɤɿ ɧɟɦɚɜɟɞɚɦɚ ɞɡɟ ɛɥɭɤɚɟ ɚɞɡɿɧ ȼɵɫɩɚ ɧɚ ɹɤɭɸ ɹɧɵ ɥɟɡɶɥɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɡɞɚɥɺɤɭ ɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɫɶɩɹɲɚʆɫɹ ɞɚɛɪɚɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɹɟ ɜɹɪɲɵɧɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɯɭɬɱɷɣ ɡɚ ɹɝɨ ʆ ɝɷɬɵ ɛɨɤ ɫɭɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɯɦɚɪɚ Ʉɚɫɵɹ ɡɚɫɥɨɧɵ ɞɚɠɞɠɭ ʆ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɯ ɩɚɜɿɫɶɥɿ ʆɠɨ ɧɚɞ 126
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɡɹɦɥɺɸ Ɋɚɡɵ ɫɚ ɞɜɚ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭɥɚ ɦɚɥɚɧɤɚ ɿ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɩɪɚɝɪɵɦɟʆ ɝɪɨɦ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɩɚɞ ɛɥɿɠɷɣɲɭɸ ɤɭɩɭ ɲɬɨ ɰɶɦɹɧɚ ɲɚɪɷɥɚ ʆ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɟ Ƚɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɝɪɭɲɚ ɞɡɿɱɤɚ ɉɚɞ ɹɟ ɜɟɰɶ ɰɟɦ ɩɪɵɰɿɫɤɚ ɸɱɵɫɹ ɞɚ ɚɩɚɥɟɧɚɝɚ ɜɨɝɧɿɲɱɚɦɿ ɤɚɦɥɹ ɩɪɵɦɚɫɶɰɿɥɿɫɹ ɀɭɤ ɿ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɩɪɵɬ ɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɧɚ ɤɪɭɝɥɵɦ ɤɚɦɧɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɩɚɫɭɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɞɚɸɱɵ ɫɭɯɨɟ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɭ ɏɭɬɤɚ ɞɚ ɿɯ ɞɚɥɭɱɵʆ ɫɹ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ Ⱥɛɰɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɦɨɤɪɵ ɬɜɚɪ ɪɭɤɚɜɨɦ ɺɧ ɭɥɚɞɤɚ ɜɚʆɫɹ ɥɹ ɧɨɝ ɯɥɨɩɰɚʆ ɿ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɚɞɵɲɨʆ ɞɡɟɞ ɞɵɤ ɩɚɞ ɿɝɪɭ ɲɚɣ ɭɠɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɡɚɦɨɱɚɧɚɣ ɦɹɫɶɰɿɧɵ ɋɬɚɪɵ ɦɨɤɪɵ ɞɚ ɧɿɬɤɿ ɡ ɛɨɫɵɦɿ ɡɚɩɷɰɤɚɧɵɦɿ ɝɪɚɡɶɡɸ ɧɚɝɚɦɿ ɦɹɫɶɰɿʆ ɫɹ ɡ ɤɪɚɸ ɚ ɡɶɜɟɪɯɭ ɡ ɝɚɥɶɥɹ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɥɿɥɿɫɹ ɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɿ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɦɟɫɰɚ ʆɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɀɭɤ ² Ⱦɡɟɞ ɿɞɡɿ ɫɸɞɵ ɬɭɬ ɥɟɩɟɣ ² Ⱥ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɫɹɞɡɿ ɫɵɧɨɤ ² ȱɞɡɿ ɿɞɡɿ ɱɚɝɨ ɬɚɦ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɩɚɫɭɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɫɹɤ ɭɦɹɫɶɰɿɥɿ ɿ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɚ ɹɤɿ ɜɨɣɤɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɡɚɦɨɤ ɬɵɬɭɧɶ ɿ ɧɹɦɚ ɹɤ ɡɚɤɭɪɵɰɶ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɡɚɤɭɪɵɰɶ ɭ ɯɭɬɤɿɦ ɱɚɫɟ ɩɪɵɥɚʆɱɵɥɿɫɹ ² ɭ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɚɝɚ ɡɧɚɣɲɥɚɫɹ ɡɚɩɚɥɶɧɿɰɚ ɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɚɞɲɭɤɚʆ ɫɭɲɷɣɲɭɸ ɦɚɯɨɪɤɭ ɐɟɫɧɚ ɩɪɵɝɚɪɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɞɚ ɞɪɷɜɚ ɭ ɝɷɬɵ ɧɚɜɚɥɶɧɿɱɧɵ ɱɚɫ ɩɹɰɺɪɚ ɱɭɠɵɯ ɦɚɥɚɡɧɚɺɦɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɭɩɟɪ ɲɵɧɸ ɚɞɱɭɥɿ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɱɭɠɵɹ ɿ ɧɟ ɚɛɵɹɤɚɜɵɹ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɚɞɧɚɦɭ Ɂ ɭɱɚɪɚɲɧɹɝɚ ɞɧɹ ɚɝɭɥɶɧɵɦ ɤɥɨɩɚɬɚɦ ɥɺɝ ɧɚ ʆɫɿɯ ɥɺɫ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɝɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɹɤɿ ɡ ɝɷɬɤɿɦ ɰɹɠɚɪɚɦ ɭɪɚ ɬɚɜɚɥɿ ɹɧɵ ² Ⱦɡɟ ɠ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɧɚɲ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ" ² ɤɚɡɚʆ ɀɭɤ ɧɟɹɤ ɫɚɪɚɦɥɿɜɚ ʆɫɶɦɿɯɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɲɵɪɚɤɚɫɤɭɥɵɦ ɤɭɪɧɨɫɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɚɦ Ƚɷɬɵ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɭɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɩɚɞɚɛɚʆɫɹ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɸ ɡɚ ɞɡɿɜɨɫɧɭɸ ɦɹɤɤɚɫɶɰɶ ɞɭɲɵ ɡɜɚɠɥɿɜɚɫɶɰɶ ɿ ɩɚɫɥɭɯɦɹ ɧɚɫɶɰɶ Ⱥɞ ɫɚɦɚɣ ɬɨɣ ɪɷɱɤɿ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɚɞɫɬɚɜɚʆ ɚɞ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɭɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɬɪɵɦɚʆɫɹ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɿ ɡɚʆɫɺɞɵ ɝ ɚɬɨɜɵ ɛɵʆ ɩɪɵɣɫɶɰɿ ɧɚ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɿ ɫɚɦ ɧɟɩɚɤɨɿʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɰɿ ɧɟ ɡɚɛɿɥɿ ɹɝɨ ʆ ɬɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɧɿɧɟ ɿ ɹɤ ɭ ɝɷɬɤɭɸ ɧɟɩɚɝɚɞɡɶ ɩɚɞɚɰɶ ɹɦɭ ʆɦɨʆɥɟɧɵ ɫɿɝɧɚɥ ² ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɧɟ ɩɪɚɩɚɞɡɟ ² ɡɦɪɨɱɧɚ ɛɭɪɤɧɭʆ Ʉɚɥ ɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ Ƚɷɬɵ ɩɚɯɦɭɪɵ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɧɟ ɥɸɛɿʆ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɤɿɞɚɰɰɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ʆ ɡɚɥɿɲɧɿ ɧɟɩɚɤɨɣ ɰɿ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɜɚɰɶ ɡɚ ɤɚɝɨ ɛɹɡ ɞɚɣ ɩɪɵɱɵ ɧɵ Ⱥɩɹɤɚɸɱɵ ɩɚ ɥɶɰɵ ɺɧ ɫɦɚɤɬɚʆ ɫ ɜɨɣ ɧɟɞɚɤɭ ɪɚɤ ɿ ɜɭɡɤɿɦɿ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ɧɹɜɟɫɟɥɚ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɭɞɚɥɹɱɵɧɶ ɍɝɚɪɵ ɬɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɝɪɭɤɚɰɟʆ ɝ ɪɨɦ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɥɹɩɧɭʆ ɩɹɪɭɧ ɋɬɚɥɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɡɦɪɨɱɧɚ ɜɟɱɚɪɷɥɚ ɪɚɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɭ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɯɦɚɪɚ ɫɭɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɿ ɡ ɺɸ ɩɚɤɪɵɫɟ ɫɩɥɵɜɚɥɿ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ ɝɪɵɦɨɬɵ ɉɪɚɡ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɱɚɫɭ ɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɿ ɡɶɦɟɧɲɵɥɿɫɹ ɩɚɬɚ ɧɟɥɿ ɿ ɯɨɰɶ ɭ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɫɧɚɜɚɥɚ ɩɚɜɭɰɿɧɚ ɞɚɠɞɠɭ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɜɵɥɟɡɶɥɿ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɿɝɪɭɲɵ Ⱦɚɪɷɱɵ ɫɹɞɡɟɰɶ ɬɚɦ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɱɚɝɨ ɭɫɺ ɪɨʆɧɚ ʆɫɟ ɛɵɥɿ ɦɨɤɪɵɹ Ⱥ ɧɚ ɡɚɯɚɞɡɟ ɦɿɠ ɯɦɚɪɚɦɿ ɿ ɡɹɦɥɺɸ ɩɪɚɪɷɡɚɥɚɫɹ ɜɭ ɡɟɧɶɤɚɹ ɲɱɵɥɿɧɤɚ ɿ ɩɪɚɡ ɹɟ ɡɿɪɧɭɥɚ ɩɪɚɦɧɿɫɬɚɟ ɧɿɡɤɚɟ ɫɨɧɰɚ Ƚɷɬɚ ɛɵʆ ɹɝɨ ɚɩɨɲɧɿ ɩɨɡɿɪɤ ɧɚ ɦɨɤɪɭɸ ɡɚɬɭɦɚɧɟ ɧɭɸ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɿ ɬɚɹ ɡ ɧɹɫɬɪɵɦɧɚɣ ɪɚɞɚɫɶɰɸ ɡɚɫɶɦɹɹɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɫɭɫɬɪɚɱ ɹɦɭ ɛɟɡɶɥɿɱɱɭ ɛɥɹɫɤɭ ɤɨɥɟɪɚʆ ɿ ɬɨɧɚʆ Ʉɭɞɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɿ ɩɚɞɡɟɥɚɫɹ ɹɟ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɹɹ ɩɚɯɦɭɪɚɫɶɰɶ ɲɷɪɚɫɶɰɶ ɧɹʆɬɭɥɶɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɍɫɩɵɯɧɭɥɿ ɤɪɨɩɟɥɶɤɿ ɧɚ ɠɵɬɧɺɜɵɦ ɤɚ ɥɨɫɶɫɿ ɭ ɫɬɪɚɩɹɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɪ ɚɞɚɫɧɚ ɡɚɲɚɩɚɰɟɥɿ ɜɵɦɵɬɵɹ ɥɿɫɶɰɿɤɿ ɞɪɷʆ ɹɪɤɚɣ ɿ ɱɵɫɬɚɣ ɫɿɧɹɜɨɸ ɚɩɚɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɞɚɥɹ ɱɵɧɶ ɍ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɭ ɿ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɧɚɡɶɛɿɪɚɥɿ ɥɚɦɚɱɱɚ ɿ ɩɚ ɞɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɵ ɜɟɪɯ ɜɵɫɩɵ Ɍ ɭɬ ɭɡɜɵɲɚʆɫɹ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɫɬɚɪɚ ɠɵɬɧɵ ɤɭɪɝɚɧ ɝɭɫɬɚ ɩɚɪɨɫɥɵ ɪɚɦɨɧɤɚɦɿ ɫɿʆɰɨɦ ɿ ɜɟɪɚ ɫɚɦ ɚ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɜɟɪɯɚɜɿɧɟ ɯɿɥɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɫɬɚɹɤ ɬɪɵɝɚɧɚ ɦɟɬɪɵɱɧɚɹ ɩɿɪɚɦɿɞɚ ɉɚɞ ɺɣ ɞɡɟɞ ɹɤ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ɪɚɫɩɚɥɿʆ ɜɨɝ ɧɿɲɱɚ Ⱥɝɟɧɶɱɵɤ ɫɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɧɟɚɯɜɨɬɧɚ ɦɿɥɶɝɚʆ ɭ ɦɨɤɪɵɦ ɫɭɱɱɵ ɚɥɟ ʆɪɷɲɰɟ ʆɜɚɣɲɨʆ ɭ ɫɿɥɭ ɿ ʆ ɧɟɛɚ ɩɚɜɚɥɿʆ ɝɭɫɬɵ ɯɜɨɫɬ ɪɭɞɨɝɚ ɞɵɦɭ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ʆɝɥɹɞɚɥɿɫɹ ɜɚ ʆɫɟ ɛɚɤɿ ɱɚɤɚɥɿ ² ɜɨɫɶ ɜɨɫɶ ɡɶɹɜ ɿɰɰɚ ɚɞɡɿɧɨɤɚɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɶ ɚɥɟ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ Ⱦɚɥɺɤɚ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɩɚɞ ɫɿɧɿɦ ɥɟɫɚɦ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɡ ɩɚɲɵ ɩɪɚɣɲɥɚ ʆ ɜɺɫɤɭ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɚɹ ɱɚɪɚɞɚ ɠɵɜɺɥɵ ɋɨɧɰɚ ɡɚɣɲɥɨ ɡɚ ɥɟɫ ɡɧɨʆ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɩɚɯɦɭɪɧɚ ɡɝɚɫɶɥɿ ɮɚɪɛɵ ɿ ɲɷɪɵ ɦɚɪɤɨɬɧɵ ɡɦɪɨɤ ɰɹɝɧɭʆɫɹ ɩɚ ɡɹɦɥɿ Ɍ ɚɤ ɹɧɵ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɿ ɧɟ ɞɚɱɚɤɚɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɫɚɦɚɝɚ ɡɦɹɪɤɚɧɶɧɹ Ʉɚɥɿ ɩɚɱɚɥɨ ɰɹɦɧɟɰɶ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɩɪɚɩɚɧɚɜɚʆ ² Ƚɨɞɡɟ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɉɨɣɞɡɟɦ ɩɟɪɚɧɚɱɭɟɦ ɭ ɹɤɨɣ ɜɺɫɰɵ ɉɚɫɭɲɵɰɰɚ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɞɵ ɿ ɩɚɞ¶ɟɫɶɰɿ 128
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
² Ⱥ ɹɤ ɠɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ" ² ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɀɭɤ Ȭɧ ɭɩɟɪɲɵ ɧɸ ɧɟ ʆɫɶɦɿɯɧɭʆɫɹ ɿ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɧɚɿʆɧɵɯ ɲɵɪɨɤɿɯ ɜɚɱɚɯ ɫɶɜɹ ɰɿʆɫɹ ɤɥɨɩɚɬ ² Ɂɧɨɣɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɹɤ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ Ⱥ ɧɹ ɡɧɨɣɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɞɵɤ ɲɬɨ ɠ Ɇɨɠɚ ɺɧ ɫɶɩɟɰɵɹɥɶɧɚ ɡɝɭɛɿʆɫɹ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɿ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɩɵɬɚɥɶɧɚ ɡɿɪɧɭɥɿ ɧɚ ɛɚɣɰɚ ɧɚɫɶɰɹ ɪɨɠɵɥɿɫɹ Ⱥ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɜɚʆɤɚɜɚɬɚ ʆɫɬɚɜɿʆɲɵɫɹ ʆ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ² ɇɭ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɵ ɞɚɪɷɦɧɚ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɀɭɤ ² Ɇɨɠɚ ɞɚɪɷɦɧɚ ɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɿ ɧɟ Ⱦɭɦɚɟɲ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɰɿɤɚɜɚ ɝɷɬɚ ² ɩɟɪɰɿɫɹ ɧɟɦɚɜɟɞɚɦɚ ɤɭɞɵ" ɉɟɬɪɭɫɸ ɡɪɚɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɹɺɦɤɚ ɚɞ ɹɝɨ ɫɥɨʆ ɚɥɟ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɝɷɬɵ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɭɪɤɚɬɥɿɜɚɣ ɧɚɬɭɪɵ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɸ ɲɤɚɞɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɡɥɭɱɚɰɰɚ ɫɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɨɣ ɹɤɿ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝ ɭɠɨ ʆ ɰɹɠɤɭɸ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɭ ɿ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɡɭɯɚɜɚɬɚɫɶɰɸ ɩɚɤɪɵɫɟ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɩɚɞɚɛɚɰɰɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɭ Ȭɧ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɹɝɨ ɧɟʆɝɚɦɚɜɚɧɭɸ ɧɚɬɭɪɭ ɧɟ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɚɞɚɛɪɚʆ ɹɟ ɚɥɟ ɧɟɲɬɚ ʆ ɺɣ ɩɪɵɰɹɝɜɚɥɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ Ɇɨ¶ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɬɨɟ ɱɚɝɨ ɧɟ ɯɚɩɚɥɚ ɫɚɦɨɦɭ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɭ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɭ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚɝɚ ɪɨʆɧɚɝɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɚɪɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɡɧɨʆ ɠɚ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɬɭɬ ɧɚ ɤɭɪɝɚɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɟɡɧɚɞɡɟɣɧɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭ ɚɩɨɲɧɿ ɪɚɡ ɚɝɥɟɞɡɟʆ ɞɚɥɹɝɥɹɞ ɿ ɤɨɪɚɬɤɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ² ɉɚɣɲɥɿ Ɂɧɨʆ ɹɧɵ ɪɭɲɵɥɿ ɩɚ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆɠɨ ʆɧɿɡ Ʉɪɵ ɯɭ ɚɛɫɨɯɥɵɹ ɤɚɥɟɧɿ ɯɭɬɤɚ ʆɡɦɚɤɪɷɥɿ ɿ ɞɪɵɠɵɤɿ ɚɞ ɜɹɱɷɪ ɧɹɣ ɩɪɚɯɚɥɨɞɵ ɩɪɚɛɟɝɥɿ ɩɚ ɦɨɤɪɵɯ ɫɶɩɿɧɚɯ Ʉɚɥɿ ʆɠɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɫɶɰɹɦɧɟɥɚ ɹɧɵ ɧɚɬɪɚɩɿɥɿ ɧɚ ɧɟɣɤɭɸ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɤɭ ɿ ɩɚɣɲɥɿ ɩɚ ɺɣ ɍɫɟ ɪɭɯɚɥɿɫɹ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɡɦɚɪɵɥɿɫɹ ɇɟɩɪɵɟɦɧɚ ɲɨɪɯɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɯɚɞɭ ɦɨɤɪɚɹ ɜɨɩɪɚɬɤɚ ɦɭ ɥɹɥɿ ɫɵɪɵɹ ɛɨɬɵ ɞɵ ɫɩɵɧɹɰɰɚ ɰɿ ɚɞɩɚɱɵɜɚɰɶ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɹɤ ɋɬɨɦɥɟɧɵ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɠɨ ɝɚɬɨɜɵ ɛɵʆ ɡɝɚɞɡɿɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɵ ɩɵɧɚɤ ɤɚɥɿ ɛ ɞɡɟ ɬɪɚɩɿʆ ɹɤɿ ɯɭɬɚɪ ɰɿ ɯɨɰɶ ɹɤɚɹ ɛɭɞɵɧɿ ɧɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɚɜɨɤɚɥ ɭɫɺ ɩɥɵɥɿ ʆ ɡɦɪɨɤɭ ɦɨɤɪɵɹ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɵɹ ɩɚɥɿ ɩɟɪɚɥɟɫɤɿ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɿ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɬɪɚɩɥɹɥɿɫɹ ɝɪɭɤɚɬɥɿ ɜɵɹ ɦɚɫɬɤɿ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɪɭɱɚɿ ɇɨɱ ɜɵɞɚɥɚɫɹ ɯɦɚɪɧɚɹ ɭ ɧɟɛɟ ɞɡɟ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɥɿ ɪɷɞɤɿɹ ɡɨɪɤɿ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚ ɥɟɬɧɹɦɭ ɫɶɜɟɬɥɚ ɿ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɰɶɦɹɧɚ ɲɚɪɷɥɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɚ Ɋɚɩɬɚɦ ɞɚ ɡɦɨɪɚɧɚɝɚ ɩɚʆɫɨɧɧɚɝɚ ɫɥɵɯɭ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɞɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɧɟɫɶɥɿɫɹ ɧɟɣɤɿɹ ɝɭɤɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɩɪɵɫɥɭɯɚɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɚɫɬɚɬɧɿɹ ɍ ɡɦɪɨɱɧɵɦ ɧɟɛɟ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɜɵɪɚɡɧɚ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɿʆɫɹ ɝɭɥ ɫɚɦɚɥɺɬɚʆ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɜɵɡɧɚɱɵɥɿ ɱɵɟ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɿ ɫɚ ɦɚɥɺɬɵ ɇɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɞɚɥɹɰɟɥɿ ɿ ɰɹɠɤɿɹ ɜɵɛɭɯɿ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɡɚ ɥɹɫɤɚɥɿ ʆɞɚɥɟɱɵɧɿ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɹ ɡɹɧɿɬɤɿ Ʉɚɥɿ ɠ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞɡɟ ʆɡɶɥɹɰɟɥɿ ʆɝɨɪɭ ɹɪɤɿɹ ɬɪɚɫɿɪɭɸɱɵɹ ɩɭɧɤɰɿɪɵ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬ ɧɵɯ ɱɷɪɝ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɿ ɞɡɟ ʆɫɺ ɝɷɬɚ ɚɞɛɵɜɚ ɟɰɰɚ ɿ ɩɪɵɛɚɜɿɥɿ ɤɪɨɤɭ ɍɫɟ ɩɚɜɟɫɹɥɟɥɿ ɚɠɵɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɡɶɧɿɤɥɚ ɡɦɨɪɚɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɿ ɩɪɵɛɚɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɫɿɥɵ ɇɚɜɚɬ ɞɡɟɞ ɿ ɬɨɣ ɚɩɵ ɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɞɡɿɜɚɜɚʆɫɹ ² Ɉɬɨ ɞɚɸɰɶ ɝɚ ȼɨɫɶ ɯɚɣ ɿ ɹɧɵ ɩɚɡɧɚɸɰɶ ɮɭɧɬ ɥɿɯɚ ² ɉɷʆɧɚ ɷɫɤɚɞɪɵɥɶɥɹ ɧɹ ɦɟɧɟɣ ² ɜɵɡɧɚɱɵʆ ɀɭɤ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɿɲɥɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɞɨ ʆɝɚ ɞɚɪɨɠɤɚ ɡɚɜɹɥɚ ɿɯ ɭ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɥɹɫɨɤ ɚɛɚɩɚɥ ɹɟ ɡ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɭ ɜɵɫɿɥɿɫɹ ɱɨɪɧɵɹ ɟɥɤɿ Ʌɟɫ ɩɪɵɝɥɭɲɵʆ ɝɭɤɿ ɛɚɦɛɚɪɞɡɿɪɨʆɤɿ ɿ ɯ ɥɨɩɰɵ ɲɤɚɞɚɜɚɥɿ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɦɚɝɥɿ ɱɭɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɚɞɛɵɜɚɟɰɰɚ ɬɚɦ ɍɪɷɲɰɟ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɟ ɫɩɚɞɡɹɜɚɧɚ ɿ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ʆɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɛɥɿɫɧɭɥɚ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɨ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɵɥɿɫɹ ɭɫɥɭɯɚɥɿɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɧɚɜɨɤɚɥ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɿɯɚ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɫɩɵɧɿʆ ɫɜɚɸ ɝɪɭɩɭ ɿ ɲɚɩɧɭʆ ɀɭɤɭ ɤɚɛ ɬɨɣ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞɚʆ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɫɚʆɝɚɧɭʆ ɡ ɩɥɹɱɚ ɚʆɬɚ ɦɚɬ ɿ ɤɪɚɟɦ ɞɚɪɨɠɤɿ ɩɚɫɥɭɯɦɹɧɚ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ ɇɟ ɩɚɫɶɩɟʆ ɺɧ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɚɞɞɚɥɿɰɰɚ ɹɤ ɡɧɨʆ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɩɚɱɭɥɚɫɹ ɝɚɦɨɧɤɚ ɰɿ ɬɨ ʆɫɤɪɵɤ ɰɿ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɚ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɭɫɺ ɡɦɨʆɤɥɚ ɇɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɲɬɨ ɚɥɟ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɧɚ ɥɹɫɧɨɣ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɠɵɜɨɟ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɤɭɫɬɚɯ ɿ ɱɚɤɚɥɿ ɀɭɤ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɜɹɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɍɡɪɭɲɚɧɵɦ ɲɷɩɬɚɦ ɺɧ ɩɚɤɥɿ ɤɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ² Ɍɚɦ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɚɹ ɤɚɥɨɧɚ Ⱦɚɪɨɝɚ ɿɞɡɟ ɞɪɭɝɚɹ ɭɩɨɩɟɪɚɤ ɧɚɲɚɣ ɿ ɬɚɦ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɫɬɚɹɰɶ ɡɚɦɚɫɤɿɪɚɜɚɧɵɹ ɿ ɱɚɤɚɸɰɶ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɚɥɺɬ ɫɤɨɧɱɵɰɰɚ , ʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɪɚɩɬɨʆɧɚ ɧɟɚɛɞɭɦɚɧɚɹ ɿ ɧɟɱɚɤɚ ɧɚɹ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɲɚɥɺɧɚɹ ɞɭɦɤɚ ² ɇɭɩɪɷɣ ² ɰɿɯɚ ɩɚɤɥɿɤɚʆ ɺɧ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɚ ɫɚɥɞɚɬɚ ± ɇɚ ɛɪɚɰɟ ɦɨɣ ɫɤɚɪɛ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɭɡɹʆ ɦɹɲɨɱɚɤ ɫɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɚɦ ² ɑ ɚɤɚɣɰɟ ɬɭɬ ² ɤɨɪɚɬɤɚ ɡɚɝɚɞɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² ɉɚɣɲɥɿ ɀɭɤ Ɍ ɭɥɹɱɵɫɹ ɞɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɹɧɵ ɩɚɞɤɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɜɹɥɿɤɚɣ ɞɚ 130
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɪɨɝɿ Ɍ ɚɦ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɱɨɪɧɵɹ ɝɪɚɦɚɞɡɿɧɵ ɦɚɲɵɧ ɦɿɠ ɿɦɿ ɩɪɚɯɚɞɠɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɰɿɯɚ ɝɚɦɚɧɿɥɿ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɫɥɭ ɯɚɥɿ ɿ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ʆ ɧɟɛɚ Ⱥɫɶɰɟɪɚɝɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɤɚɛ ɧɹ ɯɪɭɫɧɭɰɶ ɹɤɨɣ ɝɚɥɿɧɤɚɣ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɫɬɚɿʆɫɹ ʆɫɤɪɚɣ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤɭ ɭɩɿʆɫɹ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ʆ ɡɦɪɨɤ ² ɿɦɤɧɭʆɫɹ ʆɛɚɱɵɰɶ ɹɤ ɦɚɝɚ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɍ ɹɤɿɯ ɩɹɬɧɚɰɰɚɰɿ ɤɪɨɤɚɯ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɿɦɿ ɜɵɫɿɥɚɫɹ ɜɹɥɿɤɚɹ ɡ ɛɪɵ ɡɟɧɬɚɜɵɦ ɤɭɡɚɜɚɦ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ ɭ ɹɟ ɤɚɛɿɧɟ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɹɧɵ ɰɿɯɚ ɪɚɡɦɚʆɥɹɥɿ ɿ ɱɚɤɚɥɿ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɟɯɚɰɶ ɇɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɫɬɚɹɥɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɦɚ ɲɵɧɚ ɬɚɦ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɱɭɥɿɫɹ ɩɪɵɰɿɯɥɵɹ ɜɚɪɨɠɵɹ ɝɚɥɚɫɵ ɍ ɬɵɦ ɤɿɪɭɧɤɭ ɤɭɞɵ ɿɲɥɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɚ ɭɫɺ ɝɭɥɿ ɫɚɦɚɥɺɬɵ ɿ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɛɭɯɚɥɿ ʆɡɪɵɜɵ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɭ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɰɷ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ɚ ʆ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ² ɝɪɚɧɚɬɭ Ȭɧ ɯɜɚɥɹɜɚʆɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɹɤ ɦɚɝɚ ɫɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɿ ɚɫɶɰɟɪɚɝɚʆɫɹ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɧɚɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɲɭɦɭ ɉɨɛɚɱ ɞɚɬɵɤɚɸɱɵ ɫɹ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɛɨɤɭ ɧɚ ɤɚɥɟɧɹɯ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɀɭɤ ɹɝɨ ɪɭɤɿ ɬɪɵɦɚɥɿ ɧɚɩɚɝɚɬɨɜɟ ʆɡɶɜɟɞɡɟɧɵ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɚ ɬɜɚɪ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɭɫɶɦɿɯɚʆɫɹ ² ɬɚɤɿ ɛɵʆ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɵ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɚɠ ɩɚ ɡɚɣɡɞɪɨɫɶɰɿʆ ɝɷɬɤɚɣ ɜɵɬɪɵɦɰɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ² ɋɥɭɯɚɣ ² ɲɚɩɧɭʆ ɺɧ ɛɚɣɰɭ ² ɍ ɰɹɛɟ ɝɪɚɧɚɬɵ ɛ ɨ ɥɟɣ ɧɹɦɚ" ² ɇɹɦɚ ² ɰɿɯɚ ɿ ɡ ɲɤɚɞɚɜɚɧɶɧɟɦ ɭ ɬɨɧɟ ɚɞɤɚɡɚʆ ɀɭɤ ² Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɹɤ ɹ ɤɿɧɭ ɥɭɩɹɧɿ ɩɚ ɤɚɛɿɧɟ ² ɿ ɩɹɪɷɞɧɹɣ ɿ ɡɚɞɧɹɣ ȱɲɥɿ ɯ ɜɿɥɿɧɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɫɺ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɚɧɚ ɫɥɭɯɚʆ ɛɚɦɛɺɠ ɤɭ ɿ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɭɝɨɪɭ ɧɿɛɵ ɬɚɦ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɲɬɨ ʆɛɚɱɵɰɶ ɍ ɹɝɨ ʆɠɨ ɫɤɥɚʆɫɹ ɩɥɚɧ ² ɧɚɞɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɵ ɞɨɛɪɵ ɩɥɚɧ ɚɥɟ ɜɵɤɚɧɚɧɶɧɟ ɹɝɨ ɡɚɥɟɠɚɥɚ ɧɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɚɞ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɇɨɱ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɩɚɰɹɦɧɟɥɚ ² ɩɷʆɧɚ ɧɚɛɥɿɠɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɶɜɿɬɚɧɶ ɧɟ ɇɚ ʆɫɯɨɞɡɟ ʆɫɺ ɝɪɭɤɚɰɟɥɚ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɧɿɧɚ ɭɡɶɥɹɬɚɥɿ ʆɝɨɪɭ ɬɪɚɫɿɪɭɸɱɵɹ ɱɷɪɝɿ ɿ ɛɥɿɫɤɚɸɱɵ ʆ ɯɦɚɪɚɯ ɝɥɭɯɚ ɲɩɨɤɚɥɿ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɵ ɡɹɧɿɬ ɚɤ Ⱥɥɟ ɫɸɞɵ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɧɟ ɡɜɚɪɨɱɜɚʆ ɧɿɜɨɞɡɿɧ ɫɚɦɚɥɺɬ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɫɬɭɩɨɜɚ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɝɭɛɥɹɰɶ ɰɹɪ ɩɟɧɶɧɟ Ⱥ ʆ ɦɚɲɵɧɟ ɬɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɲɱɨʆɤɧɭɥɿ ɞɡɶɜɟɪɰɵ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɫɚɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɩɚɫɬɚɹʆ ɥɹ ɤɚɧɚɜɵ ɿ ɩɚɰɿɯɭ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɭ ɝɨɥɚʆ ɤɚɥɨɧɵ , ɬɚɞɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɚɜɚɠɵʆɫɹ ɑɚɤɚɰɶ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɭɠɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɱɧɚ ² ɯɭɬɤɚ ɧɚɫɨʆɜɚʆɫɹ ɫɶɜɿɬɚɧɚɤ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɩɚɰɿɫɧɭʆ ɥɨɤɚɰɶ ɀɭɤɚ ɜɵɧɹʆ ɡ ɡɚɩɚɥɚ ɱɚɤɭ ɿ ɫɬɚɪɚɧɧɚ ɪɚɡɦɚɯɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɲɩɭɪɧɭʆ ɝɪɚɧɚɬɭ ɩɚɞ ɤɚɛɿɧɭ ɜɹɥɿɤɚɣ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ʆɩɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɡɹɦɥɸ ² ɭ ɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɿɪɜɚɧɭɥɚ ɲɚɫɧɭ ɥɚ ʆ ɤɭɫɬɚɯ ɚɫɤɨɥɤɚɦɿ ɿ ʆɡɶɧɹɬɵɦ ɩɹɫɤɨɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɫɤɨ ɱɵʆ ɿ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɸ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɚ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɭ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɪɚɡ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɚ ʆɫɤɚɥɵɯɧɭʆɲɵ ɰɿɲɵɧɸ ɝɭɥɤɚ ɡɚɬɪɚɲɱɚɥɿ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɿɹ ɿ ɱɚɫɬɵɹ ɱɷɪɝɿ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɚ ɀɭɤɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɿɦɱɚʆɫɹ ɩɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɭɠɨ ɧɹ ɬɭɥɹɱɵɫɹ ɞɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɲɩɚɪɤɚ ɬɭɩɚɰɟʆ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲ ɇɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɭɫɺ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɿɯɚ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɧɹ ɫɬɪɷɥɿʆ ɧɚʆɡɞɚɝɨɧ , ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɲɚɥɿɧɚɯ ɟɥɚɤ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭɥɚ ɧɟɣɤɚɟ ɹɪɤɚɟ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɨ ɉɹɬ ɪɭɫɶ ɧɟ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɚɞɤɭɥɶ ɹɧɨ ɿ ʆɡɹɥɨɫɹ Ȭɧ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɫɹ ɿ ɫɷɪɰɚ ɹɝɨ ʆɫɬɪɚɩɹɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɚɞ ɜɹɥɿɤɚɣ ɪɚɞɚɫɶɰɿ ɇɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɡɚ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɨɦ ɭɡɶɧɹɥɨɫɹ ʆɝɨɪɭ ɜɹɥɿɡɧɚɟ ɞɵɦɧɚɟ ɩɨɥɵɦɹ əɝɨ ɲɵɪɨɤɿɹ ɯɿɫɬɤɿɹ ɹɡɵɤɿ ɩɚɥɚɫɤɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɧɚɱɧɵɦ ɡɦɪɨɤɭ ɦɚɬɥɹɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ɿɯ ɱɨɪɧɵɹ ɞɵɦ ɧɵɹ ɝɪɵɜɵ ɜɵɫɨɤɚ ɧɚɞ ɥɟɫɚɦ ɭɡɶɥɹɰɟɥɚ ɱɚɪɚɞɚ ɦɿɝɚɬɥɿ ɜɵɯ ɿɫɤɪɚʆ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɛɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɤɚɛ ɿɯ ɧɹ ʆɛɚɱɵɥɿ ɤɿɧɭɥɿ ɫɹ ʆ ɝɭɲɱɚɪ ɿ ɚɞ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɬɚɝɨ ɲɬɨ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɵɦ ɩɚɩɚɞɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɇɟɣɤɚɹ ɝɪɵɦɨɬɧɚɹ ɜɿɯɭɪɚ ɜɵɧɿɤɥɚ ɡ ɧɚɱɧɨɝɚ ɧɟɛɚ ɿ ɤɿɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɟɫ ɍ ɹɤɭɸ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɭ ʆɡɚɪɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɡɶɧɿɤɥɚ ɧɨɱ ɭɫɺ ɧɚɜɚɤɨɥɶɥɟ ɡɚɞɪɵɠɷɥɚ ɡɚɝɪɭɤɚɬɚɥɚ ɯɿɫɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɞɪɷ ɜɵ ɭ ɫɚɦɚɟ ɧɟɛɚ ɩɵɯɧɭɥɚ ɚɫɶɥɹɩɥɹɥɶɧɚ ɹɪɤɚɟ ɩɨɥɵɦɹ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɿɪɜɚɧɭɥɚ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɚɫɶɥɹɩɿɥɚ ɧɚ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ , ɬɚɞɵ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɜɚɪ¶ɹɰɤɚɹ ɪɚɞɚɫɶɰɶ ɚɯɚɩɿɥɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚʆ ² ɇɚɲɵ ɇɚɲɵ ² ɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɀɭɤ ɭ ɬɜɚɪ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɸ əɧɵ ʆɫɤɨɱɵɥɿ ɡ ɞɨɥɭ ɿ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ² Ȼɪɚɬɤɿ ² ɉɪɚɡ ɝɪɭɤɚɬ ɡɚɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ² ɋɸɞɵ Ȼɿ ɝɚɞɚʆ ɇɹɫɶɦɟɥɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɪɵɝɿɧɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨ ɡɟ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɰɶɦɹɧɵɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɿ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚ ɞɡɟɞɚ ɿ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɚɝɚ əɧɵ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɦɚɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɿ ɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɲɬɨ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɩɚɞɩɚɪɚɞɤɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɡɚɝɚɞɭ ɿ ɩɚɛɟɝɥɿ ɡɚ ɫɟɪ ɠɚɧɬɚɦ Ⱥ ɬɨɣ ɭɡɶɜɺʆɲɵ ɩɿɫɬ ɚɥɟɬ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ʆɫɿɯ ɪɵɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɹɥɿɤɭɸ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ Ⱥ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɪɚɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɠɭɞɚɫɧɚɟ ɍ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿɯ ɦɟɫ 132
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ɰɚɯ ɩɚɥɵɯɚɥɚ ɜɹɥɿɡɧɚɟ ɩɨɥɵɦɹ ɿ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɫɶɦɹɪɞɡɟɥɚ ɛɟɧɡɿɧɚɦ ɿ ɩɚɥɟɧɚɣ ɝ ɭɦɚɣ ɭɡɶɧɹɬɵɹ ɜɵɛɭɯɚɦɿ ɡɹɦɥɹ ɿ ɩɵɥ ɧɹɫ ɩɵɧɧɚ ɫɵɩɚɥɿɫɹ ɡɶɜɟɪɯɭ Ɇɚɝɭɬɧɵɹ ɜɵɛɭɯɿ ɧɚ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɚɫɶ ɥɹɩɿɥɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɬɭɝɨɟ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɚ ʆɡɪɵɜɭ ʆɞɚɪɵɥɚ ʆ ɬɜɚɪ Ȭɧ ɜɵɛɟɝ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɿ ʆɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɫɹ ɲɭɤɚɸɱɵ ɜɨɪɚɝɚʆ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɦɨɠɚ ɡɚɝɿɧɭɰɶ ɚɞ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɠɚ ɛɨɦɛɵ ɺɧ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɛ ɤɚɥɿ ɛ ɯɬɨ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɹɦɭ ɩɪɚ ɬɨɟ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɛɹɡɞɭɦɧɚ ɫɭɧɭʆɫɹ ʆ ɫɚɦɚɟ ɩɟɤɥɚ ɜɵɛɭɯɚʆ ɚɥɟ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɧɚɬɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɲɬɨɫɶɰɿ ɿ ɩɚɥɹɰɟʆ ɭ ɧɟɣɤɭɸ ɩɪɨ ɪɜɭ Ɍ ɨ ɛɵɥɚ ɝɥɵɛɨɤɚɹ ɜɚɪɨɧɤɚ ʆ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɿ ɧɚ ɞɧɟ ɹɟ ɯɥɨ ɩɟɰ ɧɚɬɪɚɩɿʆ ɧɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɱɚɟ ɰɟɥɚ Ȭɧ ɜɵɥɚɹʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɧɟɱɚɤɚ ɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɰɟɥɚ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɫɩɭɞɠɚɧɚ ɤɪɭɬɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɹɝɨ ɪɭɤ ɧɟɲɬɚ ʆɫɤɪɵɤɧɭɥɚ ɧɟɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɚɟ ɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɝɚɞɚʆɲɵ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɵ ɫɬɪɷɥɿʆ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɺɧ ɜɵɫɤɚɱɵʆ ɡ ɜɚɪɨɧɤɿ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɿɦ ɚɩɵɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɚɛɟɪɧɭɬɚɹ ɜɵɛɭɯɚɦ ɜɹɥɿɡ ɧɚɹ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ ɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɬɨɣ ɛɨɤ ɹɟ ɲɭɤɚɸɱɵ ɜɨɪɚɝɚʆ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɚɦ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆ ɱɚɪɝɨɜɵɦ ɛ ɥɹɫɤɭ ɧɟɞɚɥɺɤɚɝɚ ɜɵɛɭɯɭ ʆɛɚɱɵʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɹɤ ɡ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɯɿɫɧɭɥɿ ɫɹ ʆɛɨɤ ɧɟɣɤɿɹ ɰɟɧɿ ɉɨɛɚɱ ɭ ɩɪɚɦɟɠɤɚɯ ɜɵɛɭɯɚʆ ɬɪɚɲ ɱɚɥɿ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɵ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɪɨɫɩɚɱɧɚ ɝɚɥɚɫɿʆ ɦɿɠ ɩɚɤɚɪɚɛɚɱɚ ɧɵɯ ɦɚɲɵɧ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɇɭɩ ɪɷɟɜɚ ɭ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɹɝɨ ɤɥɭɧɚɤ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɜɚɥɬɭɡɶɧɿ ɺɧ ɦɨɠɚ ɡɧɨʆ ɫɬɪɚɰɿɰɶ ɫɜɨɣ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɿ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɛɨɤ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ² ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɀɭɤ ɫɸɞɵ ² ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɺɧ ɜɵɥɚɡɹɱɵ ɡ ɤɚɧɚɜɵ ɿ ʆ ɬɨɣ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɡ ɹɟ ɦɚɯɥɹɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɰɺɦɧɚɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɶ ɿ ɛɥɿɫɧɭʆ ɰɶɦɹɧɵ ɚɝɟɧɶɱɵɤ ɫɬɪɷɥɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɨʆɧɵ ɫɩɪɵ ɬɭ ɿ ɪɭɯɚɜɚɫɶɰɿ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɩɪɵɝɧɭʆɫɹ ² Ⱥɯ ɬɵ ɝ ɚɞ ɇɚ ɧɚ ² ɺɧ ɜɵɫɬɪɚɥɿʆ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɿ ɩɚɛɟɝ ɭ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟ Ɍ ɚɦ ɺɧ ɡɧɨʆ ɝɭɤɧɭʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚ ɿ ɧɟɫɩɚɞ ɡɹɜɚɧɚ ɩɚɱɭʆ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɛɥɿɡɤɿ ɹɝɨ ɝɨɥɚɫ ² Ȼɹɝɭ Ȼɹɝɭ əɧɵ ɚɞɛɟɝɥɿ ʆ ɦɨɤɪɵ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤ ɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɛɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɡɝɭɛɿɰɶ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɩɚɤɥɿɤɚʆ Ʌɚɦɚɸɱɵ ɝɚ ɥɶɥɺ ɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɡɶɹɜɿʆɫɹ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɩɪɵɛ ɟɝ ɀɭɤ ɿ ɚɩɨɲɧɿɦ ɚɡɜɚʆɫɹ ɞɡɟɞ ɉɪɚɞɡɿɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɩɪɚɡ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟ ɹɧɵ ɲɩɚɪɤɚ ɫɿɝɚɥɿ ɩɚ ɚɞɯɨɧɭ ʆɧɿɡ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɧɹ ɜɵɣɲɥɿ ɧɚ ɥɭɝɚɜɿɧɭ Ɂɡɚɞɭ ʆɠɨ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɛɵɥɨ ɰɿɯɚ ɫɚɦɚɥɺɬɵ ɩɚɥɹɰɟɥɿ ɧɟɛɚ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞɡɟ ɩɪɚɹɫɶɧɿ ɥɚɫɹ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɥɹɫɧɨɝɚ ɡɦɪɨɤɭ ɧɚ ɥɭɡɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɭɞɵ ɜɿɞɧɟɣ ɉɚɱɵɧɚʆɫɹ ɫɶɜɿɬɚɧɚɤ Ɂɦɨɪɚɧɵ ɿ ʆɡɪɭɲɚɧɵ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɫɬɚɜɿʆ ɧɚ ɚɯɨʆɧɿɤ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ɿ ɫɟʆ ɧɚ ɤɭɩɿɧɭ Ȭɧ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɫɬɚɦɿʆɫɹ ɿ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɡɧɚ ɯɨɞɡɿʆ ɫɿɥɵ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɡɜɚɥɿɰɰɚ ɚɥɟ ɞɭɲɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɨʆɧɚɹ ɧɟɜɵɤɚɡɧɚɣ ɧɟɣɤɚɣ ɞɡɿʆɧɚɣ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɚɞɱɭɜɚ ɧɚɣ ɛ ɭɣɧɚɣ ɪɚɞɚɫɶɰɿ Ɂ ɥɟɫɭ ɜɵɥɟɡ ɀɭɤ ɺɧ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɭ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɿ ɩɚɞɵ ɲɨʆ ɞɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ² ɩɪɚɰɹɝɜɚʆ ɺɧ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɸ ɫɜɨɣ ɬɪɚ ɮɟɣ ² ɉɷʆɧɚ ɞɡɟɞɭ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɚɞɞɚɰɶ ɭ ɦɹɧɟ ɠ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬ ² Ⱥ ʆ ɞɡɟɞɚ ɺɫɶɰɶ ² ɭɫɶɦɿɯɧɭʆɫɹ ɀɭɤ , ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɞɡɟɞ ɡɶɹɜɿʆɫɹ ɡ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɿɦ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɦ ɤɚɪɚɛɿɧɚɦ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɡ ɞɡɹɝɚɣ ɧɚ ɠɵɜɚɰɟ ɹɤɭɸ ɚɞɰɹɝɜɚɥɿ ɞɜɚ ɰɹɠ ɤɿɹ ɩɚɞɫɭɦɤɿ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɭ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɰɷ ɧɺɫ ɫɜɚɸ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɭ ɚ ʆ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɝɪɚɧɚɬɭ ɡ ɞɨʆɝɚɣ ɞɪɚʆɥɹɧɚɣ ɪɭɱɤɚɣ ɍɫɟ ɩɪɵɫɟɥɿ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɦ ɿ ɩɚɫɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɬɚɤ ɱɚɤɚɸɱɵ ɩɚ ɤɭɥɶ ɭɬɚɣɦɭɸɰɰɚ ʆɫɯɜɚɥɹɜɚɧɵɹ ɿ ɡɦɨɪɚɧɵɹ ɫɷɪɰɵ ² ɇɭ ɩɪɚɤɥɹɬɚɟ ɝɚɞɚʆɺ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² Ɂɚ ɚɞɧɭ ɛɹɞɭ ɜɵ ɚɬɪɵɦɚɥɿ ɑɚɤɚɣɰɟ ² ɚɬɪɵɦɚɟɰɟ ɡɚ ʆɫɺ ² Ɉɣ ɿ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɠ ɹɧɵ ɿɯ ɥɭɩɹɧɭɥɿ ² ɡɚɯɚɩɥɹʆɫɹ ɞɡɟɞ ² Ʉ ɱɨɪɬɚɜɚɣ ɦɚɬɚɪɵ ʆɫɸ ɱɚɪɚɞɭ əɤ ɧɟ ɪɚʆɧɭɸɱɵ ɤɚɪɨɜɚ ɹɡɵɤɨɦ ɡɶɥɿɡɚɥɚ ɍɠɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɞɧɟɥɚ ɉɟɪɚɞ ɯɥɨɩɰɚɦɿ ɩɚɜɨɥɿ ɜɵɫ ɬɭɩɿʆ ɡ ɰɟɦɪɵ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɤɿ ɥɭɠɨɤ ɡ ɧɹɤɨɲɚɧɚɣ ɬɪɚɜɨɣ ɡɚ ɺɣ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɿ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɚɫɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɬɪɨɲɤɿ ɚɠɵʆɥɟɧɚ ɪɚɡɦɚʆɥɹɸɱɵ ɿ ɩɚɱɚɥɿ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɰɰɚ ʆ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ , ɬɚɞɵ ɧɟɱɚɤɚ ɧɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛ ɥɿɡɤɚ ɡ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɜɵɫɤɚɱɵʆ ɧɚ ɥɭɠɨɤ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ² ɭɫɩɚɬɧɟɥɵ ɜɹɫɺɥɵ ɡɭɯɚɜɚɬɵ ɫɚ ɡɶɛɿɬɚɣ ɧɚɛɨɤ ɩɿɥɨɬɤɚɣ ² ɉɪɵɜɟɬ ɚɪɥɵ ɇɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɫɶɥɺɡ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ² ɧɹ ɝɭɡɿɤ ɩɪɚɩɚʆ ɞɵɤ ɡɧɨɣɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɉɚɞɵɲɨʆɲɵ ɞɚ ʆɫɿɯ ɺɧ ɡ ɥɹɡɝɚɬɚɦ ɫɤɿɧɭʆ ɡ ɩɥɹɱɷɣ ɞɜɚ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɵ ɡɶɧɹʆ ɪɭɞɭɸ ɚɮɿɰɷɪɫɤɭɸ ɫɭɦɤɭ ɧɚɩɯɚɧɭɸ ɧɟɣɤɿɦɿ ɩɚɩɟɪɚɦɿ ɿ ɡ ɡɚ ɩɚɡɭɯɿ ɜɵɧɹʆ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɩɚɱɚɤ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɧɵɯ ɩɚɬɪɨɧɚʆ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɬɪɚɮɟɿ ɧɚɲɵɯ ɜɨɣɫɤ Ɇɚɥɚɣɰɵ ɥɟɬɭɧɵ ² ɞɚɥɿ 134
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɠɚɪɭ ɒɤɚɞɚ ɧɟ ɫɭɫɬɪɷɰɶ ɿɯ ɚ ɬɨ ɛ ɩɚ ɫɬɨ ɝɪɚɦɚʆ ɩɚɫ ɬɚɜɿʆ ² ɿ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɜɵɪɚɡɧɚ ɩɚɥɹɩɚʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɧɭ ɞɡɟ ɰɟɥɹɩɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɡɹɡɟ ɚɛɲɵɬɚɹ ɥɹɦɰɚɦ ɮɥɹɠɤɚ ² , ɹɤ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɵ ɧɚɬɪɚɩɿʆ ɧɚ ɧɚɫ" ² ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɩɚɞɚɡɪɨɧɚ ɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɨɜɵ ɬɪɚɮɟɿ ² Ƚɷ ɫɬɚɪɵ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɰɶ ɬɪɷɛɚ Ⱦɡɟ ɲɭɦ ɛɨɣɤɚ ɬɚɦ ɿ ɹ Ɍ ɚɤɿ ʆɠɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɚɪ Ⱦɵ ɿ ɤɨɧɿɤ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝ ɭɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɚɥɸ ɪɚɦ ɇɭ ɚɥɟ ɿ ɜɵ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɦɚɥɚɣɰɵ Ⱥ ɹɤ ɬɜɚɹ ɫɭɦɤɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ" ² ɭɠɨ ɫɭɪ¶ɺɡɧɚ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɺɧ ² Ɍɭɬ ɜɨɫɶ ² ɩɚɤɚɡɚʆ ɤɥɭɧɚɤ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɿ ʆɫɶɦɿɯɧɭʆɫɹ ² Ɉɬɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɇɭ ɤɚɥɿ ɬɚɤ ɬɨ ɿ ɩɚɱɚɫɬɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɦɨɠɧɚ Ɍ ɪɵɦɚɣ ɤɿɥɿɲɤɿ ² ɠɚɪɬɚɜɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɚɞɤɪɭɱɜɚɸɱɵ ɮɥɹɠɤɭ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɜɟɫɟɥɚ ʆɯɦɵɥɹɥɿɫɹ Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɜɨɫɶɦɵ ȼɵɣɲɚʆɲɵ ɡ ɯɜɚɺɜɚɝɚ ɥɟɫɭ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ʆɛɚɱɵɥɿ ɲɵɪɨɤɭɸ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ Ƚɥɚɞɤɚɹ ɞɚ ɛɥɹɫɤɭ ʆɟɡɞɠɚɧɚɹ ɫɬɭɠɤɚ ɹɟ ɝɨɧɤɚ ɤɚɰɿɥɚ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɧɚ ɬɷɥɟɝɪɚɮɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɩɚɯ ɝɭɫɬɚ ɛɥɿɲɱɷɥɿ ɿɡɚɥɹɬɚɪɵ əɤ ɛɵ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɩɚ ɺɣ ɿ ɹɤ ɩɪɚɫɿɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɹɟ ɪɨʆɧɹɞɡɶ ɧɨɝɿ ɡɦɭɱɚɧɵɹ ɛɹɫɤɨɧɰɚɣ ɯɚɞɨɣ ɩɚ ɥɹɫɚɯ ɛɚɥɨɬɚɯ ɱɚɫɬɚ ɛɟɡ ɚɧɿɹɤɚɣ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɤɿ ɩɚ ɝɭɫɬɨɣ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɟ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɪɚʆɱɭɤɿ ɿ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɹɤ ɜɵɬɤ ɧɟɲɫɹ ɧɚ ɹɟ ɤɚɥɿ ɬɚɦ ɛɹɫɤɨɧɰɚ ɿɦɱɚɰɶ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɹ ɚʆɬɚ ɦɚɛɿɥɿ ɝɪɭɤɨɱɭɰɶ ɰɹɠɤɿɹ ɮɭɪɦɚɧɤɿ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɮɵɪɤɚɸɰɶ ɦɚɬɚɰɵɤɥɵ ȼɵɛɪɚʆɲɵ ɡɪɭ ɱɧɵ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɚɛɥɿɡɭ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɚʆ ɬɚɦɚɛɿɥɹʆ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɫɤɚɰɿɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɝɚ ɚɛɪɵɜɚ ɩɟɪɚ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɿ ɫɯɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɡɚɪɚɫɶɧɿɤɭ ɪɚʆɱɭɤɚ ɲɬɨ ɜɺʆ ɭ ɞɚ ɥɟɱ ɥɹɫ ɧɵɯ ɩɪ ɚɫɬɨ ɪɚʆ Ɋ ɚʆɱ ɭɤ ɭ ɫɺ ɩɚɝ ɥɵɛɥɹʆɫ ɹ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɨɜɵɹ ɫɯɿɥɵ ɹɝɨ ʆɫɺ ɩɚɲɵɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɫɤɪɨɡɶ ɛɭɹɥɿ ɚɥɟɲɧ ɿɤ ɚɫɿɧ ɶɧɿɤ ɥɹɲɱɵɧɶɧɿɤ Ɇɟɫɰɚɦɿ ɧɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɿɯ ɜɵɫɩɚɯ ɹɤ ɜɚ ɪɬɚɜɵɹ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɚɞɡɿɧɨɤɿɹ ɫ ɨɫɧɵ ɍ ɪɚʆɤɭ ɛɵʆ ɯɚɥɚɞɨɤ ɭ ɝɭɫɬɨɣ ɡɚɫɟɧɿ ɩɚɯɥɚ ɩɪɷ ɥɵɦ ɥɿɫɶɰɟɦ ɿ ɜɨʆɱɵɦɿ ɝ ɪɵɛɚɦɿ əɤ ɿ ʆɫɟ ɚɩɨɲɧɿɹ ɞɧɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɿɲɨʆ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɋɬɨ ɦɥɟɧɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɦɚʆɱɚɥɿ ɤɨɠɧɵ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɫɜɚɺ ɚ ɡ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺ ɜɚɣ ɝɚɥɚɜɵ ʆɫɺ ɧɟ ɜɵɯɨɞɡɿɥɿ ɫɬɚɪɵɹ ɞɭɦɵ ɤɥɨɩɚɬɵ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɇɚ ɤɨɠɧɵɦ ɭɡɝɨɪɤɭ ɧɚ ɤɨɠɧɵɦ ɭɡɶɥɟɫɤɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɝɥɹɞɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɤɪɚɹɜɿɞ ɭɫɥɭɯɨʆɜɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɦɚɝɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɩɚɱɭɰɶ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɵɹ ɝɭɤɿ ɛɨɸ ɹɤɿɹɫɶɰɿ ɚɞɡɧɚɤɿ ɮɪɨɧɬɚ Ʉɨɥɶɤɿ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɧɚ ɥɹɫɧɵɯ ɫɶɰɟɠɤɚɯ ɪɚɩɬɨʆɧɚ ɫɩɵɧɹʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɿ ɫɥɭ ɯɚʆ ² ɞɚɥɺɤɿ ɧɟɜɵɪɚɡɧɵ ɝɭɤ ɡɞɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɹɦɭ ɝɚɪɦɚɬɧɵɦ ɫɬɪɷ ɥɚɦ ɿ ɞɭɦɚɥɚɫɹ ² ɬɚɦ ɿɞɡɟ ɛɨɣ ɍɱɨɪɚ ɞɡɟɞ ɯɚɞɡɿʆ ɭ ɜɺɫɤɭ ɩɚ ɯɚɪɱɵ ɿ ɩɪɵɧɺɫ ɥɿɫɬɨɤ ɩɚɩɟɪɵ ɡ ɚɞɞɪɭɤɚɜɚɧɵɦ ɧɚ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɛɚɤɭ ɬɷɤɫɬɚɦ ɇɚ ɧɟ ɩɿɫɶɦɟɧɧɚɣ ɛɟɥɚɪɭɫɤɚɣ ɦɨɜɟ ɩɿɫɚɥɿ ɧɟɣɤɿɹ ɜɵɥɸɞɤɿ ɲɬɨ ɑɵɪɜɨɧɚɹ Ⱥɪɦɿɹ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɬɚ ɲɬɨ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɹ ɜɨɣɫɤɿ ɧɚɛɥɿɠɚ ɸɰɰɚ ɞɚ Ɇɚɫɤɜɵ ɲɬɨ Ȼɟɥɚɪɭɫɶ ɜɵɡɜɚɥɟɧɚ ɚɞ ɛɚɥɶɲɚɜɿ ɤɨʆ ȼɟɥɶɦɿ ɲɦɚɬ ɜɿɞɚɜɨɱɧɚɣ ɯɥɭɫɶɧɿ ɛɵɥɨ ʆ ɬɵɯ ɫɥɨɜɚɯ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɝɥɵɛɨɤɿɦ ɛɨɥɟɦ ɚɡɜɚ ɥɿɫɹ ɹɧɵ ʆ ɞɭɲɵ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ əɧɵ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɬɚɞɵ ʆ ɠɵɰɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɧɶɧɟ ɬɚɤ ɩɹɲɱɨɬɧɚ ɿ ɦɿɥɚ ɡɚɥɿɜɚɥɿɫɹ ʆɝɚɪɵ ɠɚʆɪɭɤɿ ɿ ɬɚɤ ɚɝɿɞɧɚ ɡɞɚɥɨɫɹ ɠɵɰɶ ɧɚ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɫɶɜɟɰɟ Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɛɥɚɝɨɟ ɚɞɛɿɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɧɵɯ ɜɚɱɚɯ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɩɪɚɱɵɬɚʆ ɬɭɸ ɩɚɩɟɪɤɭ ɛɨ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɹɝɨ ɩɨɡɿɪɤ ɫɭɫɬɪɷʆ ɫɩɚɥɨɯ ɭ ɬɚɤɿɯ ɞɨɛɪɵɯ ɥɚɝɨɞɧɵɯ ɡɚʆɫɺɞɵ ɜɚɱɚɯ ɀɭɤɚ , ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɟɪɚɦɨɝ ɫɹɛɟ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɵʆ ɫɿɥɵ ɿ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɿɪɜɭɱɵ ɩɚɩɟɪɤɭ ² Ȼɪɚɯɧɹ ɏɬɨ ɠ ɬɚɞɵ ɿɦ ɥɚɡɶɧɸ ɡɚɞɚʆ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɝɚ" , ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɛɥɿɫɧɭɥɿ ɧɚɞɡɟɹɣ ɀɭɤɚɜɵ ɜɨɱɵ ɩɚɜɟɫɹɥɟɥɿ ɫɚɥɞɚɰɤɿɹ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɀɵɜɟ ɿ ɡɦɚɝɚɟɰɰɚ ɚɪɦɿɹ ɠɵɰɶ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɤɪɚɿɧɚ ɋɚɜɟɬɚʆ ² ɭ ɿɧɲɚɟ ɺɧ ɧɟ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɿ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɜɟɪɵɰɶ ɬɚɤ ɹɤ ɧɟ ɩɚɜɟɪɵʆ ɛɵ ɲɬɨ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɦɚɝɥɨ ɡɶɧɿɤɧɭɰɶ ɩɚ ɜɟɬɪɚ ɰɿ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɿɰɶ ɤɚɧɟɰ ɫɶɜɟɬɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɹɤ ɠɚ ɡɧɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɹɟ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɚɪɦɿɸ ɹɤ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɲɚɫɶɰɺɪɚ ɫɵɧɨʆ ɹɟ ɜɵɤɚ ɪɚɫɤɚɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɩɚɝɿɛɟɥɿ ɡɶɛɟɪɚɝɥɿ ɫɚɜɟɰɤɿ ɜɨɿɧɫɤɿ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɿ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɝɚɬɨɜɵ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɭɫɺ ɤɚɛ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɞɚɥɭɱɵɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɰɹɛɟ ɫɬɚɰɶ ɭ ɚɝɭɥɶɧɵ ɛɚɹɜɵ ɥɚɧɰɭɝ" Ʉɚɥɿ ɞɨɛɪɚ ʆɡɶɧɹɥɨɫɹ ɫɨɧɰɚ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɞɭɲɧɚ ɿ ɰɹɠ ɤɚ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɛɪɵɥɿ ɩɚ ɚʆɪɚɠɵɧɟ ɚɥɟ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɚ ɫɚɛɟ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɚɞɩɚɱɵɧɚɤ əɤɪɚɡ ɬɪɚɩɿ ɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɚɹ ɩɪɚɝɚɥɿɧɤɚ ɧɚɞ ɪɭɱɚɺɦ ɪɨʆɧɟɧɶɤɚɹ ɹɤ ɞɵɜɚɧɨɤ ɩɚɪɨɫɥɚɹ ɩɪɵɜɚɛɧɚɣ ɞɪɨɛɧɚɣ ɬɪɚʆɤɚɣ ɡ ɜɨɫɬɪɵɦɿ ɫɶɰɹɛɥɿɧɤɚɦɿ ɹɤɚɹ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɤɥɿɤɚɥɚ ɞɚ ɫɹɛɟ ȼɚɤɨɥ ɹɟ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɭ ɰɿɲɵ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤɚɜɵ ɝɭɲɱɚɪ ɡ ɩɪɚɯɥɚɞɧɵɦ ɰɟɧɟɦ ɭ ɞɨɥɟ 136
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɫɤɿɧɭʆ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɪɚɫɶɩɟɪɚɡɚʆɫɹ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɧɭʆ ɛɨɬɵ ɿ ɡɶɧɹʆ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɭ Ʉɪɷɤɱɭɱɵ ɚɞ ɡɚɞɚɜɚɥɶ ɧɟɧɶɧɹ ɪɚɫɩɪɚɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɚɫɬɚɬɧɿɹ ɭɫɟ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɜɵɦɵɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɪɭɱɚɿɧɟ ² Ⱦɡɟɞ ɛɚɪɚɞɡɟɞ ɩɚɥɭɞɧɚɜɚɰɶ ² ɭɡɛɚɞɡɺɪɚɧɵ ɫɶɰɸɞɡɺɧɚɣ ɜɚɞɨɣ ɜɹɪɬɚʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɚɝɚ ɬɨɧɭ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɚ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ² Ⱥɛ¶ɹʆɥɹɟɰɰɚ ɦɟɧɸ ɫɭɩ ɯɚɪɱɨ ɡ ɮɪɵ ɤɚɞɷɥɶɤɚɦɿ ɛɿɲɛɚɪɦɚɤ ɩɚ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɭ ɠɚɛɿɧɵ ɥɚɩɤɿ ʆ ɦɚ ɪɵɧɚɞɡɟ Ʉɧɿɝɚ ɫɤɚɪɝɚʆ ² ɭ ɤɚɫɿɪɚ ɍɫɟ ɫɶɦɹɹɥɿɫɹ ɚ ɞɡɟɞ ɬɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɪɚɡɪɚɡɚʆ ɚɤɪɚɟɰ ɯɥɟ ɛɚ ɬɪɨɲɤɿ ɫɚɥɚ ɿ ɪɚɫɤɥɚɞɜɚʆ ɧɚ ɀɭɤɚɜɚɣ ɪɭɞɚɣ ɫɶɜɿɬɰɵ ɲɷɫɶɰɶ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɚʆ ² ɇɭ ɞɡɟɞ ɬɵ ɦɚɣɫɬɚɪ ɧɚ ɯɚɪɱɨɜɵɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ȼɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɚɛɿɧɚ ɲɤɨɥɚ Ƚɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɿ ʆɫɿɦ ɩɚɪɨʆɧɭ Ⱥɬɪɵɦɚɸ ɩɚɞ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɭ ɩɨɥɤ ² ɰɹɛɟ ɜɚɡɶɦɭ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɿɤɚɦ ɉɎɋ Ɍ ɚɤ ɿ ɜɟɞɚɣ ² ɠɚɪɬɚɜɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ² Ɏɷɷɫ ɮɷɷɫ ² ɚɝɪɵɡɚʆɫɹ ɞɡɟɞ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɸɱɵ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɚɤɨɟ ² Ʉɚɛ ɬɵ ɜɟɞɚʆ ² ɹ ʆ ɹɩɨɧɫɤɭɸ ɛɚɦɛɚɪɞɡɿɪɚɦ ɛɵʆ ɭɫɶɥɹɩɭɸ ɩɚ ɹɩɨɧɰɚɯ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɫɨɩɤɿ ɩɚɥɿʆ Ⱥ ɬɵ ² ɮɷɷɫ ² ɇɹʆɠɨ ɬɪɚɩɥɹʆ" ² ɡɶɟɞɥɿɜɚ ɡɶɞɡɿʆɥɹʆɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ Ɇɚɥɚɞɵɹ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɫɩɪɚɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɟɠɚɣ ɫɚ ɫɦɚɤɚɦ ɧɚɩɿɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɪɭɱɚɿɧɵ ɿ ɜɵɰɹɝɧɭɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɜɭɡɟɧɶɤɿɦ ɰɹɧɶɤɭ ɡɛɨɱ ɩɪɚɝɚɥɿɧɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɫɺ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɥɹ ɫɶɜɿɬɤɿ ɚɛɯɚɩɿʆɲɵ ɤɚɥɟɧɿ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɿ ʆɪɷɲɰɟ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ² ɋɩɚɰɶ ɞɚ ɧɨɱɵ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɜɚɪɬɭ ɩɚɫɬɚɜɿɰɶ ² ɑɚɦɭ ɞɚ ɧɨɱɵ" ² ɭɡɶɧɹʆ ɡ ɬɪɚɜɵ ɝɚɥɚɜɭ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ² ɍɧɚɱɵ ɩɨɣɞɡɟɦ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲɵ ² ɪ ɚɫɬɥɭɦɚ ɱɵʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² Ƚɨɞɡɟ ɧɚɦ ɬɭɥɹɰɰɚ ɩɚ ɥɹɫɚɯ ɉɨɣɞɡɟɦ ɿ ɛɭɞɡɟɦ ɛɿɰɶ ɮɪɵɰɚʆ ɞɡɟ ɡɪɭɱɧɚ ɜɵɞɚɫɰɚ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɞɚɩɚɦɚ ɝɚɰɶ ɑɵɪɜɨɧɚɣ Ⱥɪɦɿɿ ² ɦɵ ɠ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɚ ɧɟ ɩɚɥɹʆɧɿɱɵɹ ɹɤɿɹ Ƚɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɨɜɚɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɡɚɰɿɤɚɜɿʆɲɵɫɹ ɩɚʆɡɶ ɧɿɦɚɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɞɨɥɭ ɿ ɫɟɥɿ ɧɚ ɬɪɚɜɭ ² ɋɥɭɯɚɣ ɉɟɰɶɤɚ ² ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ɧɹɞɨʆɝɚɣ ɩɚʆɡɵ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ² Ɍ ɵ ɲɬɨ ɧɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɍɠɨ ɬɵɞɡɟɧɶ ɛɹɡ ɞɧɺʆɤɿ Ⱦɚɜɚɣ ɚɞɩɚɱɧɺɦ ɞɡɟ ɩɚɪɭ ɞɡɺɧ ɚ ɬɚɦ ɿ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɸ ɧɟ ɫɩɚɞɚɛɚɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɩɪɚɩɚɧɨɜɚ Ⱥɠ ɞɜɚ ɞɧɿ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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Ʉɨɥɶɤɿ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɩɪɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɡɚ ɿɯ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɿ ɞɚɫɹɝɧɭɰɶ ɮɪɨɧɬɚ ² ɇɟ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ² ɇɹ ɱɚɫ ɞɧɹɜɚɰɶ ɡɚɪɚɡ ² ɇɹ ɱɚɫ ɧɹ ɱɚɫ Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɠ ɱɚɫ" əɤ ɧɨɝɿ ɜɵɰɹɝɧɟɲ" Ƚɨɞɡɟ ɞɭɪɵɰɶ ɬɚɛɟ ² ɡɚɡɥɚɜɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɿ ɧɟ ɡɝɚɞɠɚʆɫɹ ɧɿ ɧɚ ɹɤɿɹ ɞɧɺʆɤɿ əɝɨ ɩɚɞɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² ɒɬɨ ɞɚ ɦɹɧɟ ɞɵɤ ɬɵ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɧɚɞɭɦɚʆ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɬɚ ɪɵ ɛɚɟɰ ² ɉɚ ɪɨʆɧɟɧɶɤɚɣ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɦɵ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɦɚɯɧɺɦ ɡɚ ɧɨɱ ɇɚɲɬɨ ɬɚɹ ɞɧɺʆɤɚ" ɍ ɤɭɫɬɚɯ ɩɟɪɚɞɧɸɟɦ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɹɤɿ ɡɦɪɨɱɧɚ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɬɨ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɬɨ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɱɦɵɯɧɭʆ ɿ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɧɚɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚ ² ɒɬɨ ʆ ɤɭɫɬɚɯ ɍ ɤɭɫɬɚɯ ɞɵ ʆ ɤɭɫɬɚɯ ² ɯɚɣ ɹɧɵ ɡɝɚɪɚɰɶ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɤɭɫɬɵ Ⱥ ɠɷɪɰɿ ɬɵ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɤɭɫɬɵ ɛɭɞɡɟɲ" ɇɟɲɬɚ ɧɹɞɨɛɪɚɟ ɩɚɱɭɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɬɨɧɟ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɧɚɞɪɵʆ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɚɞɛɵʆɫɹ ɧɟʆɡɚɦɟɬɤɭ ʆ ɞɭɲɵ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɚɝɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ əɝɨ ɡɥɨɫɶɰɶ ɿ ɡɚɩɚɥ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɧɟ ɫɩɚɞɚɛɚɥɿɫɹ ɫɟɪ ɠɚɧɬɭ ɿ ɺɧ ɫɬɪɨɝɚ ɹɤ ɤɚɥɿɫɶɰɿ ʆ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɚɞɞɡɹɥɟɧɶɧɿ ɫɤɚ ɡɚʆ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɚɦɭ ² ɋɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲ ɛɚɟɰ ȼɵ ɠ ɹɲɱɷ ʆ ɚɪɦɿɿ ɚ ɜɚɣ ɫɤɨɜɵɹ ɡɚɝɚɞɵ ɜɵɡɧɚɱɚɸɰɶ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɿɤɿ ɧɟ ɡɚɛɵɜɚɣɰɟ ɝɷ ɬɚɝɚ ² ɇɭ ɬɵ ɧɹ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɫɬɜɚɦ ² ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɭɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɡ ɞɨɥɭ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ² Ʉɚɥɿ ʆɠɨ ɧɚ ɬɨɟ ɩɚɣɲɥɨ ɞɵɤ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɫ ɬɵ ɧɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɍ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ɧɟɲɬɚ ʆɡɞɪɵɝɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɫɹɪɷɞɡɿɧɟ ɝɚɪɚɱɵɧɹ ɧɟɡɚɫɥɭɠɚɧɚɣ ɡɶɧɹɜɚɝɿ ɲɵɛɚɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɬɜɚɪ ɿ ɺɧ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ʆɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɧɚ ɧɨɝɿ ² Ⱦɭɪɚɧɶ ɬɵ ȼɨɫɶ ɉɪɵ ɱ ɵɦ ɬɭɬ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ɍ ɵ ɡɪɚ ɡɭɦɟɣ ɚɫɶɥɿɧɚɹ ɬɜɚɹ ɝɚɥɚɜɚ ² ɤɪɚɿɧɚ ʆ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɰɵ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɝɿɧɭɰɶ ɿ ɛ¶ɸɰɰɚ ɍɹɜɿ ɲɬɨ ɪɨɛɿɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɮɪɨɧɰɟ ɚ ɬɵ ² ɚɞɩɚɱɵɧɚɤ ɞɧɺʆɤɿ ɜɵɥɟɠɜɚɰɰɚ ɇɹ ɛɪɵɞɤɚ ɬɚɛɟ" ² ɗɯ ɬɵ Ɋɚɡɭɦɧɿɤ Ⱥ ɦɵ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɜɚɹɜɚɥɿ ɞɭɦɚɟɲ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɫɜɚɺ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɲɤɚɞɭɟ" Ɇɨɠɚ ɫɤɚɠɚɲ ɲɬɨ ɹ ɬɪɭɫ" Ƚɚ" ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɭɠɨ ɩɚɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɟʆ ɫɟʆ ɭ ɬɪɚɜɭ ɿ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɫɩɚɞɵɥɛɚ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲɚʆ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɩɚɡɿ138
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ɪɚʆ ɤɭɞɵɫɶɰɿ ʆɛɨɤ ɞɡɟɞ ɩɨɪɤɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɬɨɪɛɟ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɯɚɪɱɵ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɤɪɭɰɿʆ ɩɵɝɚɪɤɭ ɿ ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɚɧɚ ɫɥɭɯɚʆ ɫɩɪɷɱɤɭ ɇɚ ʆɪɚɠɥɿɜɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɀɭɤɚ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɡɚɰɹɬɵ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɧɟɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɵ ɛɨɥɶ ɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɡɚɞɭɦɥɿɜɚ ɫɤɭɛɚʆ ɡ ɞɨɥɭ ɫɚ ɤɚɜɿɬɭɸ ɬɪɚʆɤɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨɜɭ ɿ ɬɨɣ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɩɥɸɧɭʆɲɵ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɺ ɦɟɫɰɚ ʆ ɡɚɫɟɧɿ ² Ⱦɚ ɞ¶ɹɛɥɚ ɦɧɟ ɬɚɤɭɸ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɿɸ ɛɟɡɝɚɥɨɜɭɸ ² ɡɥɨ ɫɧɚ ɛ ɭɪɤɧɭʆ ɺɧ ² ɹ ɫɚɦ ɫɚɛɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɫɬɜɚ ² ɪɷɡɤɚ ɜɟɪɬɚ ɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ʆ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɺɧ ɫɭɧɭʆ ɬɜɚɪ ɭ ɥɨɤɰɿ ɡ ɬɚɤɿɦ ɜɵɝɥɹ ɞɚɦ ɧɿɛɵ ʆɠɨ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɰɿɤɚɜɿɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɹɲɱɷ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɩɚɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɡɦɨɪɚ ɧɚ ɚɩɭɫɶɰɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɨɥ Ȭɧ ɧɟ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆ ɹɤ ɡɚɞɪɚɦɚʆ ɿ ɩɪɚɡ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɩɪɚɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɫɬɚʆɥɟɧɚ ɜɚɪɬɚ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɜɚɪɬɚ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɫɚɦɚ ² ɧɚ ɫɶɰɟɠɰɵ ɰɿɯɚ ɬɭɩɚʆ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɞɨʆɝɚɣ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɚɣ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ Ⱦɨɛɪɚɟ ɿ ɫɶɜɟɬɥɚɟ ɩɚɱɭɰɶɰɺ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ȼɨɫɶ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɧɚɣɥɟɩɲɚɹ ɡ ɜɚɣ ɫɤɨɜɵɯ ɹɤɚɫɶɰɟɣ ² ɦɨɰɧɚɹ ɧɚ ʆɫɺ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɜɟɪɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɜɚɣ ɫɤɨɜɚɦɭ ɚɛɚɜɹɡɤɭ ɭ ɹɤɿɹ ɛ ɚɛɫɬɚɜɿɧɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɥɺɫ ɧɿ ɤɿɞɚʆ ɫɬɨɦɥɟɧɵɹ ɡɶɧɹɫɿɥɟɧɵɹ ɫɶɩɹɰɶ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɦɚɯɧɭʆɲɵ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɧɚ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɜɵɪɚɲɵʆɲɵ ² ɲɬɨ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɬɨɟ ɿ ɛɭɞ ɡɟ ɺɫɶɰɶ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɤɚɛ ɤɥɚɩɚɰɿɰɰɚ Ⱥ ɺɧ ɩɟɪɚɦɨɝ ɫɹɛɟ ɚɞɚɝɧɚʆ ɫɨɧ ɿ ɩɚɞɧɹʆɫɹ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɬɪɵɦɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɚɝɚɯ ɚɥɟ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɤ ɩɚɬɪɚɛɭɟ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɵ ɩɚɪɚɞɚɤ ɲɬɨ ɥɺɫ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɿ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɚɛɚɜɹɡɜɚɟ ɞɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɚɲɤɚɞɚɜɚʆ ɭ ɞɭɲɵ ɲɬɨ ɡɚ ɚɩɨɲɧɿɹ ɞɧɿ ɡɚɯɚɩɿʆɲɵɫɹ ɡɭɯɚɜɚɬɚɫɶɰɸ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɨɜɵɯ ɭɱɵɧɤɚʆ ɧɟɹɤ ɡɝɚɫɿʆ ɭ ɫɚɛɟ ɛɵɥɭɸ ɰɟɩɥɵ ɧɸ ɿ ʆɞɡɹɱɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɜɵɪɚɬɨʆɧɿɤɚ ² ɋɩɚʆ ɛɵ ɹɲɱɷ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆɲɵ ɲɬɨ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɫɬɚɟ Ȭɧ ɩɚɞɵɲɨʆ ɞɚ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ɿ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɫɬɚ ɪɨɠɤɚ ʆɫɥɭɯɨʆɜɚɸɱɵɫɹ ʆ ɥɹɫɧɭɸ ɰɿɲ ² Ʉɥɚɞɡɿɰɟɫɹ ɜɵ ɫɚɦɿ ɚɞɩɚɱɧɿɰɟ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɹ ɩɚɜɚɪɬɭɸ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɿ ɹɦɭ ɡɚɯɚɰɟɥɚɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɫɬɚɪɨɦɭ ɞɨɛɪɚɟ ɿ ɩɪɵɟɦɧɚɟ ² ȼɟɞɚɟɰɟ ɯ ɚɪɨɲɵ ɜɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɞɡɹɞɡɶɤɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɣ ə ʆɫɺ ɝɥɹɞɠɭ ɧɚ ɜɚɫ ɿ ɦɧɟ ɩɪɵɩɚɦɿɧɚɟɰɰ ɚ ɦɨɣ ɛɚɰɶɤɚ Ⱦɨɛɪɵ ɛɵʆ ɱɚɥɚ ɜɟɤ Ɇɚɰɿ ɛɵɜɚɥɚ ɧɚɫ ɯɥɚɩɱɭɤɨʆ ɥɚɟ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɬɨ ʆɞɚɪɵɰɶ ɤɚɝɨ ɬɨ ɡɚɦɚɯɧɟɰɰɚ ɤɪɵɱɵɰɶ Ⱥ ɛɚɰɶɤɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɲɬɨ ɧɹ ɬɚɤ ɫɤɚɠɚ ɝɷɬɚɤ ɫɭɪ¶ɺɡɧɚ ɰɿɯɚ ɚɥɟ ɫɬɪɨɝɚ ɿ ɦɵ ɫɥɭɯɚɥɿɫɹ , ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɹ ɹɤ ɲɤɚɞɚɜɚʆ ɺɧ ɧɚɫ ² Ɍ ɚɤ ² ɡɚɞɭɦɟɧɧɚ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² Ⱦɡɟɰɿ ɹɧɵ ɬɚɤ ɞɭɲɭ ɚɞɧɿɦɚɸɰɶ ɚ ɜɵɪɚɫɬɭɰɶ ² ɡɚɛɭɞɭɰɰɚ ɐɿ ɠɵɜɵ ɠ ɛɚɰɶɤɚ" ² ɇɹɦɚ ɇɚ ɥɟɫɚɧɚɪɵɯɬɨʆɰɵ ɥɹɦɿɧɚɣ ɡɚɛɿɥɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɚ ɩɚɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɹɲɱɷ ɡ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɭ ɹɦɭ ʆɫɺ ɯɚɰɟɥɚɫɹ ɝ ɭɬɚɪɵɰɶ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɛɵʆ ɱɚɫ ɫɩɚɥɿ ɡɦɨɪɚɧɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɿ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɧɚ ɹɤɭɸ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɭ ɫɶɰɿɯɥɚ ɬɪɵɜɨɝɚ ʆ ɹɝɨɧɚɣ ɞɭɲɵ ² ȼɟɞɚɟɰɟ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɩɪɵɫɶɧɿʆ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɯɥɨ ɩɟɰ ² Ȼɵɰɰɚɦ ɹ ɡɶɹɜɿʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɿɛɵ ʆ ɧɚɲɵɦ ɜɚɣɫɤɨ ɜɵɦ ɝɚɪɚɞɤɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɡɶɹɜɿʆɫɹ ɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɧɹɦɚ , ɬɚɤ ɝɷɬɚ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚ ɦɧɟ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɉɚɦɹɬɚɸ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɡɚɝɚɞɜɚʆ ɭ ɬɵɦ ɛɚɿ ɪɚɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɚ ɹ ɧɟɹɤ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɡɚɛɵʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɬɨɟ ɇɭ ɿ ɥɚɹʆ ɠɚ ɺɧ ɦɹɧɟ Ɍ ɚɤ ɦɧɟ ɝɨɪɤɚ ɿ ɤɪɵʆɞɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɲɬɨ ɹ ɚɠ ɧɟ ʆɬɪɵɜɚʆ ɭ ɫɶɧɟ ɿ ɩɪɚɱɧɭʆɫɹ ² Ʉɥɚɩɨɰɿɲɫɹ ɜɨɫɶ ɹɧɨ ɿ ɫɶɧɿɰɰɚ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² ɉɷʆɧɚ ɩɚɩɚɞɚɥɚ ɚɞ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ² ɇɟ Ɇɧɟ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɧɿ ɚɞ ɤɚɝɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɩɚɞɚɥɚ ² ɤɚɡɚʆ ɯɥɨ ɩɟɰ ɥɟɬɭɰɟɧɧɚ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵ ʆ ɝɭɲɱɚɪ ² ə ɞɨɛɪɚ ɫɥɭɠɵʆ ɭ ɜɨɣɫɤɭ Ɂɚ ɞɜɚ ɝɚɞɵ ɧɿɜɨɞɧɚɝɚ ɫɩɚɝɧɚɧɶɧɹ ɚɞɧɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɚɞɡɹɤɿ ² Ɇɭɫɿɰɶ ɩɚɛɨɣɜɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɿɤɚʆ" ² ɭɫɶɦɿɯɧɭʆɫɹ ɛɚɟɰ ² əɤ ɜɚɦ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ² ɫɭɪ¶ɺɡɧɚ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆɲɵ ɫɤɚ ɡɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ² ȼɹɞɨɦɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚʆ ɩɚɛɨɣɜɚʆɫɹ ɝɷɬɚ ɩɪɚʆɞɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɹ ʆ ɬɵɦ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ Ɍ ɭɬ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ə ɜɵɪɚɫ ɭ ɜɺɫ ɰɵ ɞɭɠɚ ɧɟ ɩɟɫɬɚɜɚʆɫɹ Ⱦɡɹɰɟɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɲɦɚɬ ɚ ɩɪɚɰɚʆɧɿɤ ² ɚɞɡɿɧ ɛɚɰɶɤɚ ə ʆ ɲɤɨɥɟ ɜɭɱɵʆɫɹ Ⱥ ʆɥɟɬɤɭ ɹɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɜɭɱɨɛɚ ɫɤɨɧɱɵɰɰɚ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ʆ ɩɪɚɰɭ Ɍ ɨ ɫɤɚɰɿɧɭ ɩɚɫɶɜɿɰɶ ɬɨ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɹɯ ɜɚɡɿɰɶ ɲɬɨ Ⱥɞɧɨ ɥɟɬɚ ɹ ɤɨɧɟɣ ɞɚɝɥɹɞɚʆ ɡ ɞɡɹɞɡɶɤɚɦ ɉɟɬɪɚɤɨɦ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ² ɰɹɥɹɬ ɉɪɵɜɵɤ ɡ ɦɚɥɟɧ ɫɬɜɚ ɞɚ ɩɪɚɰɵ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɚɫɶɜɿʆ ɠɵɜɺɥɭ ɞɵɤ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ʆɠɨ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɫɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɭɪɚɧɤɭ Ɍ ɚɤ ɬɪɭɞɧɚ ɲɬɨ ɯɨɰɶ ɬɵ ɩɥɚɱ Ȼɭɞɡɿɰɶ ɛɭɞɡɿɰɶ ɦɚɰɿ ² ɿ ɥɚɫɤɚɣ ɿ ɯɥɹɫɶɧɟ ɱɵɦ ɚ ɬɵ ɜɚɱɷɣ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɩɥɸɲɱɵɲ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ , ɜɨɫɶ ɹ ɹɤɪɚɡ ɭ 140
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɫɺɦɵɦ ɤɥɚɫɟ ɛɵʆ ² ɡɿɦɨɣ ɛɚɰɶɤɭ ʆ ɥɟɫɟ ɡɚɛɿɥɚ ɍɫɺ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɫɤɨɧɱɭ ɲɤɨɥɭ ² ɭ ɝɨɪɚɞ ɩɚɞɚɦɫɹ ɚ ɬɭɬ ɹɤ ɩɚɞɚɫɿɫɹ" ɋɹɦ¶ɹ ɩɹɰɶ ɞɭɲ ɹ ɫɚɦɵ ɫɬɚɪɷɣɲɵ ɇɭ ɿ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɭ ɆɌ ɋ ɩɪɵ ɱɷɩɲɱɵɤɚɦ Ⱦɜɚ ɝɚɞɵ ɩɪɚɰɚ ɜɚʆ ɬɚɦ Ȼɵʆ ɰɿɯ ɿ ɧɹɫɶ ɦɟɥɵ ɪɨɡɧɵɹ ɝɚɪɚɞɫɤɿɹ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɞɚɩɹɤɚɥɿ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɭ ɚɪɦɿɸ Ɍ ɪɚɩɿʆ ɭ ɩɹɯɨɬɭ ɐɹɠɤɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɚɥɟ ɧɿɲɬɨ ə ɯɭɬɤɚ ɩɪɵɜɵɤ ɿ ɞɚ ɩɚɞ¶ɺɦɭ ɿ ɞɚ ɡɚɪɚɞɤɿ ɋɬɚɪɚʆɫɹ ɩɪɚʆɞɚ ɍ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɚɞɞɡɹɥɟɧɶɧɿ ɫɚ ɦɧɨɣ ɛɵʆ ɐɵɛɵɲɚʆ ɯɚɪɤɚʆɫɤɿ ɫɚɦ ɋɩɚɥɿ ɦɵ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɧɚ ɥɨɠɤɚɯ Ⱦɵɤ ɬɨɣ ɛɵɜɚɥɚ ɛɭɪɱɷʆ ɭɫɺ ɞɵ ɧɭɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɬɨ ɹɦɭ ɩɚɞ¶ɺɦ ɭɠɨ ɡɚɧɚɞɬɚ ɯɭɬɤɿ ɬɨ ɡɚɪɚɞɤɚ ² ɦɚɪɧɚɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɬɨ ɯɚɪɱ ɧɹɫɦɚɱɧɵ Ⱥ ɦɧɟ ɞɵɤ ɜɟɞɚɟɰɟ ɿ ɩɚɞ¶ɺɦ ɧɿɲɬɨ ² ɹ ɞɨɦɚ ɤɭɞɵ ɪɚɧɟɣ ɭɫɬɚɜɚʆ ɿ ɡɚɪɚɞɤɚ ɬɚɤ ɫɚɛɟ ɥɺɝɤɚɹ ɡɚɛɚʆɤɚ ɚ ɯɚɪɱɵ ɞɨɛɪɵɹ Ⱥ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ² ɦɹɧɟ ɡɚɯɚɩɥɹʆ ɝɨɪɚɞ , ɜɨɫɶ ɭ ɤɚɝɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɹɤɿɯ ɩɚɪɭɲɷɧɶɧɹʆ ɬɚɝɨ ʆ ɧɹɞɡɟɥɸ ɩɭɲ ɱɚɥɿ ɩɚɝɭɥɹɰɶ ə ɯɚɞɡɿʆ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɤɨɠɧɵ ɪɚɡ ȼɟɞɚɟɰɟ ɛɵɥɿ ɜɿɫɭɫɵ ɩɨɣɞɡɟ ² ɝɚɪɷɥɤɿ ɧɚɩ¶ɟɰɰɚ ɭ ɤɚɦɟɧɞɚɬɭɪɭ ɬɪɚɩɿɰɶ Ⱥ ɹ ʆɫɺ ɯɚɞɡɿʆ ɿ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɇɚ ɜɭɥɿɰɚɯ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɲɱɚɯ ɭ ɩɚɪ ɤɭ Ȼɭɞɵɧɤɿ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ² ɬɚɤɿɹ ɝɦɚɯɿ ɛɵɜɚɥɚ ɞɡɿʆɥɸɫɹ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɬɚɦ ɩɪɵɝɨɠɚɫɶɰɿ ɯɚɪɚɫɬɜɚ ɚ ɩɪɚɰɵ" Ƚɷɬɚ ɰɭɞɚ ɇɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɛɵɜɚɥɚ ɿɞɡɟ ɹɤɿ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɦɚɥɚɞɵ ɰɿ ɫɬɚɪɵ ɚ ɦɹɧɟ ʆɫɺ ɰɿɤɚɜɿɰɶ ɱɚɝɨ ɺɧ ɡɚɤɥɚɩɨɱɚɧɵ ɞɡɟ ɺɧ ɩɪɚɰɭɟ ɹɤɚɹ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɤɜɚɬɷɪɚ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɞɭɦɚɟ" , ɦɹɧɟ ɡɚʆɫɺ ɞɵ ɡɶɞɡɿʆɥɹɥɚ ɱɚɦɭ ɝɷɬɚ ɝɚɪɚɞɫɤɿɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɬɚɤɿɹ ɧɹʆɜɚɠ ɥɿɜɵɹ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɞɚ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ² ɭɫɺ ɛɹɝɭɰɶ ɧɿ ɞɚ ɤɚɝɨ ɿɦ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ɧɹɦɚ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɦɹɧɟ ɩɚɫɥɚɥɿ ʆ ɩɚɥɤɚɜɭɸ ɲɤɨɥɭ ɫɬɚʆ ɤɚ ɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚɦ ɫɟ ɪɠɚɧɬɚɦ ɍɡɜɨɞɧɵɦ ɭ ɧɚɫ ɛɵʆ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ɉɹɬɪɨʆ ɦɚɥɚɞɵ ɬɚɤɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɞɨɛɪɵ Ȭɧ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɭɩɚɞɚ ɛɚʆ ɦɹɧɟ ɿ ɱɚɫ ɶɰɹɤɨɦ ɞɚɪɭɱɚʆ ɬɨ ɡɚɧɹɬɤɿ ɩɪɚɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɬɨ ɹɤɭɸ ɧɟɫɤɥɚɞɚ ɧɭɸ ɫɩɪɚɜɭ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ , ɹ ʆɠɨ ɫɬɚɪɚʆɫɹ ɋɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɺɧ ɩɪ ɚɜɹɪɚʆ ɤɚɧɬɪɚɥɹɜɚʆ ɹɤ ɿ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɜɹɞɨɦɚ Ⱥ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɞɚɜɟɪ ɵʆɫɹ ɿ ʆɠɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɚ ɦɚɺ ɫɭɦɥɟɧɶɧɟ ɦɟʆ ɧɚɞɡɟɸ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ʆɫɺ ɛɵɜɚɥɚ ɡɶɛɿɜɚɸɰɶ ɦɹɧɟ ȱɞɡɺɦ ɤɚɥɿ ɩɚɞ ɚɛɟɞ ɧɚ ɲɬɭɪɦɚɜɭɸ ɩɚɥɚɫɭ ² ɤɚɠɭɰɶ ɞɚɜɚɣ ɩɟɪɚɤɭ ɪɵɦ ɭɫɺ ɪɨʆɧ ɚ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɵɰɶ Ⱥ ɹ ɧɟ ɦɚɝɭ ȼɟ ɞɚɸ ɺɧ ɫɩɚɞɡɹɟɰɰɚ ɲɬɨ ɡɪɨɛɿɦ ɹɤ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɿ ɧɟ ɦɚɝɭ ɚɲɭ ɤɚɰɶ ɹɝɨ Ʉɚɥɿ ɛ ɺɧ ɯɿɬɪɵʆ ɰɿ ɞɚɩɵɬɜɚʆɫɹ ɦɨɠɚ ɛ ɿ ɩɚɫ ɥɚɛɟɥɚ ɦɚɹ ɞɭɲɚ ɚ ɬɚɤ ɧɟ ɦɚ ɝɭ ɿ ɝɨɞɡɟ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɛɵɜɚɥɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɛɭɪɱɚɰɶ ɚ ɹ ɦɚʆɱɭ ɞɵ ɬɪɵɜɚɸ ± ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɦɨʆɤ ɲɱɵɥɶ ɧɚ ɫɶɰɿɫɧɭʆ ɜɭɫɧɵ ɿ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɩɪɵɩɚɦɿɧɚɸɱɵ ɧɚɯɦɭɪɵʆ ɪɭɫɵɹ ɛɪɨɜɵ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɭɫɺ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɚɛɟɪɭɱ ɬɪɵɦɚ ɸɱɵɫɹ ɡɚ ɲɬɵɯ ɐɺɦɧɵ ɜɚ ɫɩɚɜɚɬɵ ɬɜɚɪ ɛɚɣɰɚ ɛɵʆ ɫɭɪ¶ɺɡɧɵ ² Ⱥ ɞɡɟ ɠ ɺɧ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɬɨɣ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ" ² ɇɹɦɚ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬɚ ɧɹɦɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɧɹɦɚ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɫɬɚʆ ɤɨɪɚɬɤɚ ʆɡɞɵɯɧɭʆ ɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɫɟʆ ɭ ɡɚɫɟɧɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɥɺɝ ɫɩɚɰɶ ɚ ʆɫɺ ɤɭɪɵʆ ɤɚɲɥɹʆ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɯɥɨɩɰɭ ɹɤɿ ʆɠɨ ɫɬɚʆ ɧɚ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɤɭ ² ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɿɦɿ ɦɭɫɿɰɶ ɩɨɣɞɡɟ ɚɞ ɧɚɫ" ² ɏɚɣ ɿɞɡɟ ² ɩɚɤɨɪɥɿɜɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɞɭɦɚɸɱɵ ɩɪɚ ɿɧɲɚɟ ɇɚɞ ɪɚʆɤɨɦ ɿ ɥɟɫɚɦ ɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɩɥɵɥɿ ʆ ɧɟɛɟ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɿɹ ɯɦɭɪɵɧɤɿ ɑɚɫɚɦ ɹɧɵ ɛɟɪɚɠɤɨɦ ɤɪɚɧɚɥɿ ɫɨɧɰɚ ɿ ɩɚ ɪɚʆ ɤɭ ɹɤ ɤɪɵɥɨ ɜɹɥɿɡɧɚɣ ɩɬɭɲɤɿ ɫɶɥɿɡɝɚʆ ɿɦɤɥɿɜɵ ɰɟɧɶ ɇɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɚɯ ɲɭɦɟʆ ɥɿɫɶɰɟɦ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤ ɚ ʆɧɿɡɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɿɯɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɛɭɥɶɤɚʆ ɝɚɦɚɧɥɿɜɵ ɪɭɱɚɺɤ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɚɯɚɞɡɿʆ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɟɠɰɵ ɩɟɪɚɤɚɩɚɧɚɣ ɤɪɚɬɚɦɿ ɩɚɫɥɭɯɚʆ ɲɩɭɪɧɭʆ ɤɚɦɟɧɟɦ ɭ ɧɚɞɚɤɭɱɥɿɜɭɸ ɫɚ ɪɨɤɭ ɲɬɨ ɫɚɤɚɬɚɥɚ ɡɚ ɪɭɱɚɺɦ ɿ ɜɹɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɹɧɭ Ȭɧ ɭɡɹʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɤɥɭɧɚɤ ɫɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɚɦ ɪɚɡɶɜɹɡɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɪɚɡɝɚɪɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɚɟ ɩɚɥɨɬɧɿɲɱɚ ɋɶɰɹɝ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɩɚɤɚɦɟɱɵʆ ɫɹ ʆ ɬɨɪɛɟ ɩɚɥɚɦɚɥɿɫɹ ɡɚɥɚɬɵɹ ɥɿɬɚɪɵ ɧɚɡɜɵ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɡɛɥɵ ɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɤɭɬɚɫɵ Ⱥɥɟ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵʆ ɬɨɣ ɫɚɦɵ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɩɚɞ ɹɤɿɦ ɺɧ ɞɚɜɚʆ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɭɸ ɩɪɵɫɹɝɭ ɉɹɲɱɨɬɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɚɜɿʆ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɤɨɠɧɭɸ ɡɦɨɪɲɱɵɧɭ ɩɚɩ ɪɚɜɿʆ ɤɭɬɚɫ ɵ ɩɚɰɺ ɪ ɚɞɧɨ ɡɚɩɥɹɦɥɟɧɚɟ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɰ ɹɠɤɚ ʆɡɞɵɯɧɭʆɲɵ ɩɚɝɥɚɞɡɿʆ ɞɡɿɪɤɿ ɩɪɚɛɿɬɵɹ ɤɭɥɹɦɿ ©Ƚɚɪɨɬ ɧɵ ɬɵ ɧɚɲ ɫɶɰɹɝ ² ɲɚɩɬɚʆ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɚɞɞɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɠɭɪɛɨɰɟ ² ɰɹɠɤɿ ɬɜɨɣ ɫɚɥɞɚɰɤɿ ɥɺɫ ɒɬɨ ɬɵ ɩɟɪɚɧɺɫ ɿ ɲɬɨ ɩɟɪɚ ɰɹɪɩɟɥɿ ɡ ɬɚɛɨɣ ɥɸɞɡɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɹ ɦɨɠɚ ɠ ɛɵɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɧɹ ʆɛɚ ɱɵɥɿ ɦɵ ɡ ɬɚɛɨɣ ɧɚɲɚɣ ɪɚɞɚɫɶɰɿ Ʉɚɥɿ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɬɨɟ"ª ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɬɚɤ ɭ ɡɚɞɭɦɟ ɧɚɞ ɪɚɡɝɨɪɧɭɬɵɦ ɲɨʆɤɚɦ ɚ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɩɚɰɿɯɭ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɛɭɞɡɿɰɶ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ɜɵɰɹɝɧɭʆ ɡ ɹɝɨ ɧɨɠɧɚʆ ɮɿɧɤɭ ɿ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɭ ɝɭɲɱɚɪ Ɍ ɚɦ ɺɧ ɧɚɝɥɟɞɡɟʆ ɝɚɥɿɧɚɫɬɚɟ ɞɪɷʆɰɚ ɦɚɥɚɞɨɝɚ ɤɥɺɧɿɤɚ ɡɪɷɡɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɡɶɞɡɺɪ ɤɚɪɭ əɤ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ɺɧ ɩɪɵɦɚɰɚɜɚʆ ɞɚ ɞɪɷʆɤɚ ɩɚ 142
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɥɨɬɧɿɲɱɚ ɧɚɞɡɟʆ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɜɹɪɲɵɧɸ ɛɥɿɫɤɭɱɵ ɧɚɤɚɧɟɱɧɿɤ ɿ ɩɚɫɬɚɜɿʆ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡ ɫɚɛɨɣ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɛɪɚɬɤɚ ɛɭɞɡɶ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɡ ɧɚɦɿ Ⱦɚɩɚɦɚɝɚɣ ɧɚɦ ɚ ɦɵ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɠɚɦ ɬɚɛɟ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɦɚɰɚɜɚʆ ɤɚɧɟɰ ɞɪɷʆɤɚ ʆ ɞɡɿɪɜɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɫɹɪɷɞɡɿɧɟ ɩɪɚɝɚɥɿɧɵ ² ɰɹɠɤɨɟ ɩɚɥɚɬɧɨ ɫɬɪɨɦɤɿɦɿ ɫɤɥɚɞɤɚɦɿ ʆɩɚɥɚ ɞɚ ɞɨɥɭ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɹɤ ɜɚɪɬɚɜɵ ɩɚɥɤɚɜɨɝɚ ɤɚɪɚɜɭɥɚ ɯɚɞɡɿʆ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɰɵ ɭɫɥɭɯɨʆɜɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɥɹɫɧɭɸ ɝɥɭɲ ɿ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɲɬɨɪɚɡ ɧɚ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɩɚɥɵɦɹɧɭɸ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɭɸ ɩɬɭɲɤɭ ɹɤɚɹ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɰɿɯɚ ɞɪɚɦɚɥɚ ɞɚ ɱɚɫɭ ɡɝɚɪɧɭʆɲɵ ɫɜɚɟ ɚɝɧɿɫɬɵɹ ɤɪɵɥɵ Ⱦɡɟɧɶ ɰɹɝɧɭʆɫɹ ɦɚɪɤɨɬɧɚ ɿ ɞɨʆɝɚ Ɂɦɚɪɵʆɲɵɫɹ ɡɚ ɧɨɱ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɯɪɚɩɥɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɞɡɟɞ ɿ ɬɨɣ ɡɚɤɿɧɭʆɲɵ ʆɝɨɪɭ ɚɛɫɤɭɛɚɧɭɸ ɛɚɪɚɞɭ ɜɵɜɨɞɡɿʆ ɬɨɧɟɧɶɤɿɹ ɪɭɥɚɞɵ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɩɚɞɵɯɨɞɡɿʆ ɞɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɯ ɬɨ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɡɚ ɿɧɲɵɯ ɜɵɥɭɱɚʆ ɫɹ ɝɭɱɧɚɫɶɰɸ ɿ ɞɚɥɿɤɚɬɧɚ ɤɪɚɧɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɧɚɝɨɣ ɏɪɚɩ ɚɛɪɵ ɜɚʆɫɹ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɚɥɟ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɩɚɱɵɧɚʆɫɹ ɡɧɨʆ , ɜɨɫɶ ɫɭɰɷɥɶɧɵ ɝɥɵɛɨɤɿ ɰɟɧɶ ɡɚɫɥɚʆ ɪɨʆ ɋɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɛɥɿɫɤɭɱɚ ɡɶɡɹɥɿ ɛɹɪɨɡɤɿ ɧɚ ɬɵɦ ɛɚɤɭ ɚɥɟ ʆɫɺ ɦɟɧɟɣ ɿ ɦɟ ɧɟɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɬɚɝɨ ɛɥɹɫɤɭ Ⱦɨɥ ɫɬɚʆ ɡɦɪɨɱɧɵ ɧɚɫɬɨɣɥɿɜɟɣ ɞɵɯɧɭɥɚ ɝɪɵɛɧɨɣ ɜɿɥɶɝɚɰɶɰɸ ɿ ɫɵɪɚɫɶɰɸ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɟɛɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɥɿɲɱɷɥɚ ɩɨʆɧɿɥɚɫɹ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɨɦ ɰɟɩɥɵɧɺɣ Ⱦɨʆɝɿ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɩɚɰɿɯɭ ɞɚɝɚɪɚʆ ɧɚ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɚɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɜɵɩɚʆɡɚɥɚ ɧɨɱ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɛɭɞɡɿʆ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɉɟɪɲɵ ʆɡɶɧɹʆɫɹ ɀɭɤ ɡɚ ɬɵɦ ɞɡɟɞ ɿ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ əɧɵ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ʆɛɚɱɵɥɿ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɿ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɀɭɤ ɩɚɱɰɿɜɚ ɪɚɡɝɚɪɧɭʆ ɩɚɥɨɬɧɿɲɱɚ ɡɚ ɹɝɨ ɪɚɠɨɤ ɧɟɯɬɚ ʆɡɞɵɯɧɭʆ ɩɟɪɚɪɵɜɿɫɬɚ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɛɵ ɬɚɤ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɩɚɞ ɫɶɰɹɝɚɦ Ⱥɥɟ ɞɡɟ ɬɚɦ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ɍɡɶɧɹɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɡ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿɦ Ɇɨʆɱɤɿ ɫɚɩɭ ɱɵ ɫɩɪɚɫɨɧɶɧɹ ɚɛɵɹɤɚɜɵ ɞɚ ʆɫɹɝɨ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɧɚɤɪɭɱ ɜɚʆ ɥɭɛɹɧɵɹ ɚɧɭɱɵ ɚ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɩɚɞɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɞɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɿ ɛɟɫɰɵɪɵɦɨɧɧɚ ɜɚɪɭɯɧɭʆ ɹɝɨ ² Ɉɝɨ ɛɚɹɜɚɹ ɩɬɭɲɤɚ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ² Ⱦɡɿɪɤɿ ɧɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɭ ± ɝɷɬɚ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɡɚ ɨɪɞɷɧɵ Ⱥɞɪɚɡɭ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɹɤ ɿ ɲɬɨ Ⱥ ɱɚɝɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɵ ɹɝɨ ɧɚɥɚɞɡɿʆ ɹɤ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɚɹɜɵ ɚɝɥɹɞ" ² ɡɶɜɹɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɞɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ² Ⱥ ɬɚɤ ² ɭɯɿɥɿʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ² ɇɭ ɿ ɩɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɚ ɋɶɰɹɝ ɩɚɜɿɧɟɧ ɛɵɰɶ ɭ ɝɚɪɵ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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Ʉɚɥɿ ʆɫɟ ʆɡɶɧɹɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɞɨɥɭ ɿ ʆɡɹɥɿ ɪɷɱɵ ɿ ɡɛɪɨɸ ɫɟɪ ɠɚɧɬ ɫɬɪɨɝɚ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵ ʆ ɱɨɪɧɵɹ ɿ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɭɠɨ ɥɚɝɨɞɧɵɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɨɜɵ ɜɨɱɵ ² ɇɭ ɞɵɤ ɜɵ ɲɬɨ" Ɂ ɧɚɦɿ ɰɿ ɚɞ ɧɚɫ" ² Ɂɚ ɤɚɝɨ ɬɵ ɦɹɧɟ ɥɿɱɵɲ"² ɚɛɭɪɵʆɫɹ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ² ə ɠ ɧɟ ɬɚɤɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɡɥɵɞɡɟɧɶ ɤɚɛ ɫɚɜɟɰɤɚɝɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɰɭɪɚɰɰɚ Ƚɷ ² ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɺɧ ɞɚ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɚɝɚ ɹɤɿ ʆɫɺ ɤɨɪɩɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɫɜɚɿɦ ɧɚɛɵɬɤɚɦ ² ȼɵɯɨɞɡɶ ɫɬɪɨɿɰɰɚ , ɥɸɞɡɿ ɜɵɣɲɥɿ ɧɚ ɫɶɰɟɠɤɭ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɫɬɚʆ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɿ ʆɪɚɱɵɫɬɚ ɪɚɡɝɚɪɧɭʆ ɫɶɰɹɝ Ɂ ɚɞɚɜɨɥɟɧɚ ɩɚɤɚɲɥɿɜɚʆ ɇɭɩ ɪɷɟʆ ɬɵɬɭɧɺɜɵɦ ɞɵɦɚɦ ɚɞɝɚɧɹɸɱɵ ɤɚɦɚɪɨʆ ɭ ɯɦɵɥɹʆɫɹ ɞɡɟɞ ɚ ɧɚ ʆɫɶɦɟɲɵɫɬɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɀɭɤɚ ɡɶɡɹɥɚ ɲɱɵɪɚɹ ɪɚ ɞɚɫɶɰɶ Ɍɨɥɶɤɿ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɡɡɚɞɭ ʆɫɿɯ ɿ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɚ ɩɿɥɶɧɚ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɍ ɪɨɜɟ ɰɹɦɧɟɥɚ ɧɟɜɵɪɚɡɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɥɵɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɥɸɞ ɡɟɣ ɚɥɟ ɹɧɵ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɩɚɞɚɛɪɷɥɿ ɚɠɵɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɩɚ ɜɟɫɹɥɟɥɿ ɭɫɩɨɦɧɿɥɿ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɿɹ ɞɧɿ ɤɚɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɟ ɚɤɪɭ ɠɷɧɰɵ ɧɟ ɥɹɫɧɵɹ ɛɚɞɡɹɝɿ ɚ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɪɨɬ ɿ ɩɚɥɤɨʆ ɉɨɛɚɱ ɛɵɥɿ ɪɚɡɭɦɧɵɹ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɵ ɛɵɥɚ ɡɛɪɨɹ ɿ ɹɧɵ ɦɟɥɿ ɫɿɥɭ ȱɯ ɧɚɩɚɬɤɚʆ ɧɹɥɺɝɤɿ ɥɺɫ ɹɧɵ ɲɦɚɬ ɩɚɩɚɤɭɬɚɜɚɥɿ ɚɥɟ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɧɟ ɫɤɚɪɵɥɿɫɹ Ɋɚɡɝɨɪɧɭɬɵ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɚɛɭɞɡɿʆ ɭ ɿɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɵ ɬɭɩɟɥɚɟ ɩɚɱɭɰɶɰɺ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɚɣ ɝɨɞɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɧɚɞɚʆ ɫɩɪɵɬɭ ɿ ɹɧɵ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɿ ɫɬɚɪɚɧɧɚ ɩɚɫɬɪɨɿɥɿɫɹ ɩɚ ɞɜɚ ² Ɋ ɚʆɧɹɣɫɹ ² ɤɚɦɚɧɞɚɜɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² ɋɶɦɿɪɧɚ Ȭɧ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɚɥɟ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɭ ɰɟɦɪɵ ɹɤ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɚɫɶɩɟɲ ɥɿɜɚ ɜɵɰɹɝɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɹɤ ɪɚɫɩɪɚɜɿʆ ɡɝɨɪɛɥɟɧɵɹ ɩɥɟɱɵ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɹɤ ɧɹʆɦɟɥɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɚɬɭɩɚʆ ɧɚɝɚɦɿ ɞɡɟɞ ɩɪɵɫɬɪɨɣɜɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɟɜɵɦ ɮɥɚɧɡɟ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɭɫɟ ɞɪɭɠɧɚ ɡ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɚɣ ɭɪɚɱɵɫɬɚɫɶɰɸ ʆ ɫɷɪɰɚɯ ɩɚɤɪɨɱɵɥɿ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɟɠ ɰɵ , ɹɧɵ ɿɲɥɿ ɬɚɤ ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɡɝɨɞɧɚ ɿ ɧɟ ʆ ɧɚɝɭ ɚɥɟ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɤɭɱɤɚɣ ² ɲɨɪɯɚɥɿ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɟɠɰɵ ɿɯ ɫɬɚɩɬɚɧɵɹ ɩɚɞɷɲɜɵ ɰɿɯɟɧɶɤɚ ɲɚɩɚ ɰɟɥɚ ʆɝɚɪɵ ɰɹɠɤɚɟ ɩɚɥɨɬɧ ɿɲɱɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɇɿɤɨɥɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚɝɚ ɞɧɹ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɬɚɤ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɿ ɪɚɞɚɫɧɚ ʆ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺɜɵɦ ɫɷɪɰɵ ɇɟ ɛɹɞɚ ɲɬɨ ɫɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɚɤɭɬ ɭɫɺ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɬɚɟ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɧɚɞ ɿɦ ² ɪɨɞɧɵ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɞɨɛɪɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɦɨ¶ ɡɞɚɪɵɰɰɚ ɧɹ ɫɬɚɧɟ ɹɝɨ ɧɹ ɫɬɚɧɟ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚ ɞɡɟɞɚ 144
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨɜɚ ² ɡɧɨɣɞɭɰɰɚ ɞɪɭɝɿɹ ɫɶɦɟɥɵɹ ɪɭɤɿ ɿ ɝɷɬɚɤ ɠɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɚ ʆɡɶɧɿɦɭɰɶ ɧɚɞ ɝɚɥɨɜɚɦɿ ɜɚɠɤɿ ɿɦɤɥɿɜɵ ɬɪɚɩɹɬɤɿ ɿ ɩɪɵɡɵʆɧɵ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɵ ɫɶɰɹɝ Ⱥɞ ɬɚɟ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɧɟɹɤ ɿ ɧɚɞɡɟɣɧɚ ɫɬɚɥɚ ʆ ɯɥɨɩɰɚɜɵɦ ɫɷɪɰɵ ɿ ɺɧ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɩɚɞɡɿɜɿʆ ɫɹ ɹɤ ɦɨɝ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɛɚɹɰɰɚ ɡɚ ɫɜɚɺ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɦɚɥɟɧɶ ɤɚɟ ɿ ɧɹɡɧɚɱɧɚɟ ʆ ɦɿɥɶɺɧɧɚɣ ɝɪɚɦɚɞɡɟ ɿɧɲɵɯ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɱɵɯ ɠɵɰɶɰɹʆ Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɞɡɹɜɹɬɵ Ʉɚɥɿ ɚʆɪɚɠɧɚɹ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɤɚ ɩɪɵɜɹɥɚ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɞɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɧɚɞ ɩɪɚɫɬɨɪɚɦɿ ʆɠɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ʆɫɬɚɥɹɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɥɟɬɧɹɹ ɧɨɱ ɉɟɪɲ ɱɵɦ ɜɵɥɟɡɶɰɿ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɠɧɵ ɧ ɚɫɵɩ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɪɵɫɥɭɯɚʆɫɹ ² ɛɵɥɨ ɰɿɯɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɚɞ ɦɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɦɚɪɤɨɬɧɚ ɛɭɥɶɤɚʆ ɪɭɱɚɣ ɞɵ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɡɚɯɥɿɩɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɤɜɚɤɚɥɿ ɠɚɛɵ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɝɚɪɷɡɧɚɹ ɜɟɫɹɥɨɫɶɰɶ ɭɠɨ ɩɪɚɣɲɥɚ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɚɫɶɰɟɪɚɝɚɰɰɚ ɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɶɧɹʆɲɵ ɩɚɥɨɬɧɿɲɱɚ ɡ ɞɪɷʆɤɚ ɡɧɨʆ ɭɩɚɤɚɜɚʆ ɹɝɨ ʆ ɪɷɱɚɜɵ ɦɹɲɨɤ Ɍɚɞɵ ɯɥɨɩ ɰɵ ɧɹɫɶɦɟɥɚ ɹɲɱɷ ʆɡɶɥɟɡɶɥɿ ɩɚ ɚɞɯɨɧɭ ² ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡ Ⱥɝɚɥɶ ɰɨɜɵɦ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɚɫɬɚɬɧɿɹ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɇɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɹɧɵ ɡɧɨʆ ɚɝɥɟɞɡɟɥɿɫɹ ɿ ʆɫɥɭɯɚɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɩɨʆɧɵɹ ʆɜɚɝɿ ɩɚɰɿɯɭ ɩɚɣɲɥɿ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ ɍɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɿɥɶɧɚ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ ɿ ɲɬɨɪɚɡ ɚɡɿɪɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɤɚɛ ɭ ɱɚɫ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵɰɶ ɹɤɭɸ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɚɜɨɤɚɥ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɿɯɚ ɇɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɰɿ ɛɵɥɿ ɞɡɟ ɜɺɫɤɿ ɦɨ¶ ɫɤɪɨɡɶ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ɩɭɫɬɵɹ ɩɚɥɿ ɛɨ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɜɨɞ ɧɚɝɚ ɚɝɟɧɶɱɵɤɚ ɧɹ ɱɭɬɧɚ ɧɿɜɨɞɧɚɝɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɱɚɝɚ ɝɭɤɭ Ⱥɞɧɨɣɱɵ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɧɚɝɧɚɥɚ ɿɯ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ əɧɚ ɮɚɪɚɦɿ ɛɥɿɫɧɭɥɚ ɧɚɞ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤɚɦ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɲɚɫɧɭɥɿ ɡɚ ɤɚɧɚɜɭ ɩɚɥɹ ɠɚɥɿ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɩɪɚɩɭɫɤɚɸɱɵ ɹɟ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɜɵɣɲɥɿ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ Ʉɨɥɶɤɿ ɱɚɫɭ ɹɧɵ ɿɲɥɿ ɬɚɤ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɰɿʆ ɧɚɜɚɬ ȱɫɶɰɿ ɛ ɵɥɨ ɥɺɝɤɚ ɫɩɨɪɧɚ ɤɪɨɱɵɥɿ ɧɨɝɿ ɩɚ ɝɥɚɞɤɚɣ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɧɚʆɤɨɥɚ ɥɹɠɚɥɚ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɚɹ ɧɨɱ ɍ ɧɟɣɤɚɣ ɧɿɡɿɧɟ ɹɧɵ ɧɚɬɪɚɩɿɥɿ ɧɚ ɡɦɪɨɱɧɵ ɫɿɥɭɷɬ ɩɚ ɤɿɧɭɬɚɣ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚ ɚɛɵɲɨʆ ɹɟ ɡɚɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɭ ɪɚɫɱɵɧɟɧɭɸ ɤɚɛɿɧɭ ɩɚɦɚɰɚʆ ɬɚɦ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɇɚɜɨɤɚɥ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɚ ɡɚɞɪɚʆɲɵ ɤɭɡɚʆ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ ɩɹɪɷɞɧɿɦɿ ɤɨɥɚɦɿ ɫɬɚɹɥɚ ʆ ɤɚɧɚɜɟ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɬɚɤ ɫɚɦɚ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɿɫɹ ɰɿɤɚɜɹɱɵɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɞɚɫɶɥɟ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɞɭɟ ɬɚɦ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɠɨ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɩɚɤɥɿɤɚɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɤɚɛ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɞɚ ɥɟɣ ɤɚɥɿ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɡ ɤɚɛɿɧɵ ² Ƚɷɣ ɤɚɝɨ ɩɪɚɤɚɰɿɰɶ" Ɂɚɣɦɚɣ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɠɚɪɬɭɟ ɚɥɟ ɬɨɣ ɿ ɫɚɩ ɪɚʆɞɵ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɧɚɞɭɦɚʆɫɹ ɿ ɥɹɡɝɚɸɱɵ ɠɚɥɟɡɚɦ ɲɬɨɫɶɰɿ ɲɭɤɚʆ ɇɚɪɷɲɰɟ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɡɧɚɣɲɨʆɲɵ ɡɚɛɟɝ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ ɡɚ ɪɚɞɵɹɬɚɪ ɿ ɝɭɤɧɭʆ ɀɭɤɚ ² Ⱦ ɚɜɚɣ ɤɪɭɬɚɧɿ ɀɭɤ ɭɡɹʆɫɹ ɤɪɭɰɿɰɶ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ʆɫɺ ɥɹɡɝɚʆ ɧɟɱɵɦ ɭ ɤɚɛɿɧɟ ɿ ɧɚɪɷɲɰɟ ɧɚ ɡɶɞɡɿʆɥɟɧɶɧɟ ʆɫɿɯ ɦɚɲɵ ɧɚ ɡɚɜɹɥɚɫɹ ² Ⱥ ɧɭ ɞɚɜɚɣ ɲɬɭɪɯɚɧɺɦ ɬɪɨɲɤɿ ² ɡɭɯɚɜɚɬɵɦ ɲɚ ɮɺɪɫɤɿɦ ɬɨɧɚɦ ɡɚɤɚɦɚɧɞɚɜɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ² Ɋɚɡ ɞɜɚ ɭɡɹɥɿ Ⱥ ɧɭ ɞɚɜɚɣ ɦɚɰɧɟɣ ɲɬɭɪɯɚɣ ɇɹ ɰɹɦɹɱɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɚɜɨɲɬɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɫɵɲɥɿ ʆ ɤɚɧɚɜɭ ɿ ʆɩɟɪɥɿɫɹ ɪɭɤɚɦɿ ʆ ɪɚɞɵɹɬɚɪ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɝɚɡɚɧɭʆ ɿ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ ɩɚɜɨɥɿ ɜɵɩɚʆɡɥɚ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ² ɋɹɞɚɣ ɩɹɯɨɬɚ ɝɚɡɚɧɺɦ ɩɚɪɭ ɤɿɥɚɦɟɬɪɚʆ ² ɤɚɦɚɧɞɚ ɜɚʆ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ² ɉɚɫɬɨɣ Ʉɭɞɵ ɫɹɞɚɣ" ² ɡɚɩɹɪɷɱɵʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ² Ⱥ ɯɬɨ ɩɚɜɹɡɟ" ² ɏɬɨ" ȼɨɫɶ ɞɡɿɜɚɤɿ ɒɚɮɺɪ ɬɪɷɰɹɝɚ ɤɥɚɫɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɜɨɫɶ ɯɬɨ ² Ʉɚɛ ɬɵ ʆ ɤɚɧɚɜɟ ɧɚɫ ɧɟ ɩɚɞɭɲɵʆ ɲɚɮɺɪ ɝɷɬɚɤɿ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² Ɍ ɵ ɲɬɨ ɧɹ ɜɟɪɵɲ" ² ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ² Ɂɚɩɵ ɬɚɣɰɟ ʆ ɀɭɤɚ ɀɭɤ ɫɶɰɿɩɥɚ ɩɚɰɶɜɟɪɞɡɿʆ ² Ⱥɝɚ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɞɚ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɝɨɞ ɦɚɲɵɧɭ ɜɚɞɡɿʆ ² ɑɭʆ" ɐɷɥɵ ɝɨɞ Ɍ ɚɤɿ ɠ ɫɚɦɵ ɛɪɚɬ ɰɭɞɨʆɧɵ ɞɪɚɧ ɞɭɥɟɬ Ɂȱɋ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɿ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɹɤ ɩɚɫɬɚɜɿɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɧɨɜɚɣ ɡɚɞɭɦɵ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɵ Ȼɵɥɨ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɫɩɚɤɭɫɶɥɿɜɚ ɩɪɚɟ ɯɚɰɶ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɤɿɥɚɦɟɬɪɚʆ ɧɚ ɦɚɲɵɧɟ ɚɥɟ ɡɧɨʆ ɠɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɛɨɹɡɧɚ ɡɚ ɫɶɰɹɝ Ɍ ɪɚɩɿʆɲɵ ʆ ɪɭɤɿ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɭ ɠɨ ɧɚ ʆɪɚɞ ɰɿ ʆɞɚɥɨɫɹ ɛ ɭ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɪɚɡ ɭɪɚɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɚ ɬɪɚɩɿɰɶ ɞɚ ɿɯ ɭ ɪɭɤɿ ɡ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɛɿɥɟɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɯɿɬɪɚ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɫɺ ɪɚɡɜɚɠɚʆ ɿ ɜɚɝɚʆɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɜɨɫɶ ɡ ɡɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɡɧɨʆ 146
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ɜɿɯɥɹɧɭɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɧɟɛɟ ɞɚɥɺɤɿɹ ɫɿɧɹɜɚɬɚ ɩɪɚɡɪɵɫɬɵɹ ɩɪɨɦɧɿ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɛɿɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɚɪ əɧɵ ʆɡɞɪɨɝɧɭɥɿ ɥɹɝɥɿ ɧɿɠɷɣ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɩɚɜɹɪɧɭɥɿ ʆɡɞɨʆɠ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɿ ɩɚɞ ɿɦɿ ɜɵɪɚɡɧɵɦ ɝɚɪɛɨɦ ɚɛ ɦɚɥɹɜɚʆɫɹ ɱɨɪɧɵ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɤ ² Ɂɚɥɚɡɶ ɯɭɬɱɷɣ ɥɚɠɵɫɹ ʆ ɤɭɡɚɜɟ ² ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɚ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɦɚɲɵɧɭ ɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫ ɶ ɭɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɭ ɤɚɛɿɧɭ ɿ ɫɟʆ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡ ɲɚɮɺɪɚɦ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɡɚɦɿɬɭɫɿʆɫɹ ɪɭɤɚɦɿ ɯɚɩɚʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɪɵɱɚɝɿ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɭ ɤɥɸɱɵɰɶ ɡɚɞɧɿ ɯɨɞ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ ɬɨ ɪɝɚɥɚɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɧɹ ɪɭɯɚɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɋɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɚ ɥɚɹʆɫɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɹɤ ɧɚɣɯɭɬɱɷɣ ɪɚ ɡɶɜɹɪɧɭɰɶ ɹɟ ɤɚɛ ɜɵɡɜɚɥɿɰɶ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ Ȭɧ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɝɚɡɚɧɭʆ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ ʆɡɞɪɵɝ ɧɭɥɚ ɿɪɜɚɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɿ ɹɟ ɡɚɞɧɿɹ ɤɨɥɵ ɚɩɵɧ ɭɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɤɚɧɚɜɟ ² Ʉɚɛ ɬɵ ɡɞɨɯ ɱɨɪɬɚʆ ɞɪɵɧɞɭɥɟɬ ² ɜɵɥɚɹʆɫɹ Ⱥɝɚɥɶ ɰɨʆ ɿ ɜɵɫɤɚɱɵʆ ɡ ɤɚɛɿɧɵ ² ɍɰɹɤɚɣ ɡ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ² ɝɿɤɧɭʆ ɺɧ ɥɸɞɡɹɦ Ⱥ ɫɭ ɫɬɪɷɱɧɚɹ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɧɚɛɥɿɠɚɥɚɫɹ Ƚɨ ɧɤɿɹ ɩɪɨɦɧɿ ɹɟ ɹɪɤɿɯ ɮɚɪ ɭɠɨ ɫɬɪɵɝɚɧɭɥɿ ɧɚɞ ɝɚɥɨɜɚɦɿ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɿ ɡ ɡɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚ ɜɵɧɿɤ ɚɫɶɥɹɩɥɹɥɶɧɚ ɛɟɥɵ ɩɭɤ ɫɶɜɹɬ ɥɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɞɡɟɞ ɿ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɡɚ ɤɚɧɚɜɭ Ⱥɝɚɥɶ ɰɨʆ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɇɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɧɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɚ ɚɥɟ ɦɿɦɚɜɨɥɿ ɩɚɞɩɚɪɚɞɤɨʆɜɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɹɝɨ ɿɧɿɰɵɹɬɵ ɜɟ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɚɞɞɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɭ ɪɷɱɚɜɵ ɦɹɲɨɤ ɚ ɫɚɦ ɩɪɵ ɩɚʆ ɞɚ Ɂȱɋɚɜɵɯ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɥɵɯ ɤɨɥɚʆ Ⱥ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɚɞɤɪɵɬɚ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɿ ɱɚɤɚʆ əɝɨ ɫɩɪɵɬɧɚɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɶ ɭ ɰɟɫɧɚ ɧɚɩɹɬɵɦ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɦ ɦɭɧɞɡɿɪɵ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɧɚ ɝɪɭɞɡɹɯ ɭɠɨ ɚɫɶɜɹɰɿɥɿɫɹ ɮɚɪɚɦɿ ² ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɡɪɚɛɿʆ ɤɪɨɤ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ ɿ ʆɡɶɧɹʆ ɪɭɤɭ Ɇɚɲɵɧɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɚɛɥɿɡɿɥɚɫɹ ɭɩɟɪɥɚɫɹ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɨɦ ɭ ɩɟɪɚɤɭ ɥɟɧɵ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɛɿɥɶ ɿ ɩɚɤɥɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɹɝɨɧɵɦ ɤɭɡɚɜɟ ɞɨʆɝɿ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɨɜɵ ɰɟɧɶ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɪɵɰɿɫɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɤɨɥɚʆ ɿ ɧɚɫɬɚɜɿʆ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɭ ɛɥɿɫɤɭɱɵɹ ɮɚɪɵ Ɂ ɤɚɛɿɧɵ ɚɞɬɭɥɶ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɧɟ ɜɵɥɚɡɿʆ ɿ ɜɵɤɪɵɤɜɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨɫɶɰɿ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɚɟ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɧɟ ɦɚɪɭɞɡɹɱɵ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɬɭɞɵ Ⱥɥɟ ɡ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɰɿɥɿ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɛɨ ɯɬɨɫɶɰɿ ɚɞɬɭɥɶ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚɧɚ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɩɚ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɭ ɚ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɧɟ ɡɶɧɿɦɚɸɱɵ ɡ ɝɪɭɞɡɟɣ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɪɚɡɚɧɭʆ ɱɚɪɝɨɣ ɭ ɞɡɶɜɟɪ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɰɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭ ɞɭɦɤɚɯ ɜɵɥɚɹʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ɡɚ ɬɚɤɭɸ ɧɟɚɫɶ ɰɹɪɨɠɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɚɥɟ ɡɚɱɚɪɚɜɚɧɵ ɹɝɨ ɚɞɜɚɝɚɣ ɫɚɦ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɬɭɞɵ ɍ ɰɟɦɪɭ ɡ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭɥɿ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɟɣ ɿ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɡ ɚɛɨɱɵɧɵ ɝɪɵɦɧɭɥɿ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɧɵɹ ɫɬɪɷɥɵ ɍ ɩɹɪɷɞɧɿɦ ɜɟɬɪɚɜɵɦ ɲɤɥɟ ɛɥɿɫɧɭɥɿ ɞɡɿɪɤɿ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɞɚʆ ɭ ɰɟɦɪɭ ɞɨʆɝɭɸ ɱɚɪɝɭ ɿ ɚɞ ɬɚɝɨ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɰɿɯɚ Ɍ ɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɩɚɞɛɟɝɥɿ ɚɫɬɚɬɧɿɹ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɭɠɨ ɰɹɝɧɭʆ ɞɚ ɤɚɧɚɜɵ ɧɟɠɵɜɨɝɚ ɲɚɮɺɪɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɚɛɟɝ ɡ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɛɨɤɭ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɿ ɪɜɚɧɭʆ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɞɡɶɜɟɪɰɚʆ ɇɚ ɩɚɞ ɧɨɠɤɭ ɡ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɧɹɡɝɪɚɛɧɚ ɜɵɜɚɥɿɥɚɫɹ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɧɟɠɵɜɨɟ ɰɟɥɚ ² ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɝɿɞɥɿɜɚ ɩɯɧɭʆ ɹɝɨ ɧɚɝɨɣ ɧɚ ʆɡɛɨɱɵɧɭ ɇɚ ɫɹɞɡɟɧɶɧɿ ʆɠɨ ɡɶɹɜɿʆɫɹ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɿ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɚɛɦɚɰɜɚɰɶ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɺɦɵɹ ɪɵɱɚɝɿ ɍɫɟ ɯɜɚɥɹɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɛɟɡ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɵ ɫɶɩɹɲɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɤɿɧɭɥɿ ɫɹ ɞɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɝɚ ɛɨɪɬɚ ɀɭɤ ɫɬɚʆ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɧɨɠɤɭ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɧɹʆɩɷʆɧɟɧɚ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɪɚɡɜɚɪɨɱɜɚɰɶ ɦɚɲɵɧɭ , ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɡ ɤɭ ɡɚɜɚ ɩɚɱɭʆɫɹ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚɧɵ ɪɚɡɶɥɸɬɚɜɚɧɵ ɞɡɟɞɚʆ ɤɪɵɤ ² ɗ ɟ ɟ ɇɟɦɟɰ Ɋɭɤɿ ʆɝɨɪɭ Ⱥɯ ɬɵ ɬɜɚɪɵɧɚ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɫɹɤɚɹ Ɂɞɚɜɚɣɫɹ ɍɫɤɨɱɵʆɲɵ ʆ ɤɭɡɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɬɚɦ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɧɟɣɤɭɸ ɰɺɦɧɭɸ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɚɫɧɵɦ ɤɨɥɟ ɇɚ ɧɚɡɟ ɹɟ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɛɹɥɟɥɚ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɩɚɜɹɡɤɚ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɶ ɧɹ ɤɿɞɚ ɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɿ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɛɹɡ ɡɛɪɨɿ ² Ⱦɨɣɱ"* ² ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɚɞɯɿɧɚɸɱɵ ɫɬɚ ɪɨɝɚ ɹɤɿ ʆɫɺ ɩɹʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɫɬɪɷɥɶɛɚɣ ² ə ɹ ² ɤɚɡɚʆ ɬɨɣ ² ȱɯ ɛɿɧ ɮɨɧ ɗɫɬɷɪɪɷɿɯ ɗɣɧ Ɏɟɪ ɜɭɧɞɷɬɷ ** Ƚɨɥɚɫ ɹɝɨ ɞɪɵɠɷʆ ɺɧ ɛɚɹʆɫɹ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɬɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɪɚɡɶɜɹɪɧɭʆ ɦɚɲɵɧɭ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɯ ɭɬɱɷɣ ɟɯɚɰɶ ɿ ɺɧ ɤɪɵɤ ɧɭʆ ɡ ɤɚɛɿɧɵ ² ɍɫɟ" ² ɍɫɟ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² ɗ ɧɟ ɉɚɫɬɨɣ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɚɝɚ ɧɹɦɚ Ƚɷɣ ɞɡɟ ɬɵ" ² ɧɹɝɭɱɧɚ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɭ ɰɟɦɪɭ ɛɚɟɰ Ⱥɥɟ ɰɟɦɪɚ ɦɚʆɱɚɥɚ ² Ɍɨɥɶɤɿ ɠ ɛɵʆ ɫɚ ɦɧɨɣ ɹɲɱɷ ʆ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ² ɡɚʆɜɚ ɠɵʆ ɞɡɟɞ *
ɇɟɦɟɰ" ɧɹɦ
Ɍɚɤ ɬɚɤ ə ɧɟɦɟɰ ɡ Ⱥʆɫɬɪɵɿ ɉɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ɧɹ ɦ
**
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
² Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɚ ² ɡɵɱɧɚ ɩɚɤɥɿɤɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɿ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɰɿɲɵɧɹ ɛɵɥɚ ʆ ɚɞɤɚɡ ² Ⱥɯ ɬɵ ɝɚɞ ɫɶɦɹɪɞɡɸɱɵ ² ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɬɚɞɵ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ² ɍɰɺɤ Ɂɦɚɬɚʆ ɞɚ ɰɟɲɱɵ ɧɚ ɛɭɥɶɛɚɱɤɭ ɩɚɪɚɡɿɬ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɚɠ ɭɡɞɪɵɝɧɭʆ ɚɞ ɬɚɟ ɧɚɜɿɧɵ ɿ ɦɭɪɚɲɤɿ ɩɚ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɩɚ ɹɝɨ ʆɫɩɚɰɟɥɚɦɭ ɰɟɥɭ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɭɫɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɿ ɤɿɧɭʆ ɫɹ ɞɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚ ² ɋɶɰɹɝ Ⱦɡɟ ɫɶɰɹɝ" ² Ɍ ɭɬ ɜɨɫɶ ɋɶɰɹɝ ɬɨ ɹ ɧɹ ɜɵɩɭɲɱɭ ɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɩɚɞɥɸɝɭ ɜɨɫɶ ɜɵɩɭɫɶɰɿʆ ² ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² ə ʆɠɨ ɪɚɧɟɣ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆ ɧɹɞɨɛɪɚɟ ʆɡɹʆ ɺɧ ɭ ɞɭɲɭ , ɜɨɫɶ ɧɟ ɞɚɝ ɥɟɞɡɟʆ ² Ⱥɯ ɬɵ ɜɭɠɚɤɚ ɩɚɞɤɚɥɨɞɧɚɹ Ⱥɯ ɫɶɥɿɡɶɧɹɤ ɩɚʆɡɭɱɵ ɇɭ ɫɤɚɠɵ ɬɵ ² ɚɛɭɪɚʆɫɹ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɫɬɨɹɱɵ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɧɨɠ ɰɵ ȱ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɧɚ ʆɫɺ ɝɨɪɥɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɭ ɧɨɱ ² Ƚɷ ɝɷɣ Ƚɚɞ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɚ ɧɚ ɬɵɦ ɫɶɜɟɰɟ ɡɧɚɣɞɭ ɇɟ ɫɯɚ ɜɚɟɲɫɹ ɱɭɟɲ" ɍ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɚɞ ɭɫɺɣ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɚɠ ɛɚɥɸɱɚ ɡɚɤɚɥɨɥɚ ʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɿ ɺɧ ɚɛɚɩɺɪɫɹ ɧɚ ɤɚɛɿɧɭ Ⱥ ɬɭɬ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɝɷɬɵ ɫɹɞɡɿɰɶ ɭ ɤɭɡɚɜɟ ɧɟ ʆɰɹɤɚɟ ɿ ɹɤ ɡɚɝɧɚɧɵ ɩɚɞ ɫɬɪɷɥɟɧɵ ɜɨʆɤ ɱɚɤɚɟ ɜɵɪɚɲɷɧɶɧɹ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɥɺɫɭ ² ɇɭ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɦ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɩɪɵɧɸɯɜɚɟɰɟɫɹ Ʉɭɥɸ ʆ ɥɚɛɚɰɿ ɧɭ ɞɵ ɝɚɣɞɚ ² ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ʆɫɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ² Ⱦɚɣ ɹ ɹɝɨ ² ɿɪɜɚɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɞɡɟɞ ɬɵɰɤɚɸɱɵ ʆ ɹɝɨɧɵ ɬɜɚɪ ɪɭɥɸ ɜɿɧɬɨʆɤɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɟ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɡɚɛɿɜɚɰɶ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɋɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚɸɱɵ ʆ ɫɚɛɟ ɡɥɨɫɶɰɶ ɞɚ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɪɵɩɚ ɦɹɬɚʆ ɪɚɡɝɪɨɦ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɲɦɚɬɥɿɤɿɹ ɥɸɞɫɤɿɹ ɫɶɦɟɪɰɿ ɿ ɫɜɚɺ ɩɚɤɭɬɧɚɟ ɛɚɞɡɹɧɶɧɟ Ⱥɞ ɬɵɯ ɭɫɩɚɦɿɧɚʆ ɭ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɩɪɚɪɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɪɚɝɚ ɩɨɦɫɬɵ ɿ ɺɧ ɪɚɲɵʆ ɭ ɡɪɭɱɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɬɚɝɨ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɫɩɚɬɨɥɿɰɶ ɫɜɚɸ ɞɭɲɭ ɍɠɨ ɺɧ ɩɚɤɚɠɚ ɝɷɬɚɦɭ ɮɚ ɲɵɫɬɭ ɫɜɚɸ ɫɿɥɭ ² ɇɟ ɱɚɩɚɣ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ɞɡɟɞɭ ² ɉɚɱɚɤɚɣ ɬɪɨɯɿ Ɇɵ ɡ ɿɦ ɹɤ ɫɶɥɟɞ ɪɚɫɩɪɚɜɿɦɫɹ ² ɒɬɨ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ" ² ɡɥɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɞɡɟɞ ² əɧɵ ɧɚɫ ɛ¶ɸɰɶ ɧɟ ɱɚɤɚɸɱɵ ɚ ɧɚɦ ɿɯ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ" ² ɇɟɥɶɝɚ Ƚɥɹɞɡɿɰɟ ɤɚɛ ɧɹ ɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɉɚɟɯɚɥɿ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɭɤɥɸɱɵʆ ɮɚɪɵ ² ɲɵɪɨɤɚɟ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɨ ɥɟɝɥɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɦɚ ɲɵɧɚ ɪɜɚɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɹɧɵ ɩɚɟɯ ɚɥɿ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ ɋɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɧɨɜɵ ɜɚɞɡɿɰɟɥɶ ɚɫɶɰɟɪɚɝɚʆɫɹ ɯɭɬɤɚɣ ɹɡɞɵ ɚɥɟ ɫɩɚ ɤɜɚɥɹ ɧɚɥɚʆɱɵʆɲɵɫ ɹ ɩɪɵɛɚʆɥɹʆ ɝɚɡɭ ɿ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɿɦɱɚɥɚ ɩɚ ɞɨɛɪɚɣ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɇɚʆɤɨɥɚ ɥɹɠɚɥɚ ɧɨɱ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɿɯɚ ² Ʉɚɥɿ ɞɡɟ ɫɭɫɬɪɷɱɧɚɹ ɰɿ ɚɛɝɨɧ ² ɤɥɚɞɡɿɫɹ ʆɫɟ ʆ ɤɭɡɚ ɜɟ Ⱥ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɩɪɵɤɨɧɱɵɰɶ ɇɚɲɬɨ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɥɿ" ² ɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɡ ɤɚɛɿɧɵ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɋɬɨɹɱɵ ɡɚ ɤɚɛɿɧɚɣ ɿ ɚɛɚɩɿɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɹɟ ɞɚɯ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɫɺ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɡ ɧɟɦɰɚɦ Ⱦɪɷɧɧɚ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɦɨɠɚ ɡ ɿɦ ɩɚɪɚɡɦɚʆɥɹɰɶ ɩɚ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɭ ɚ ɬɨ ɺɧ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɛɵ ɲɬɨ ɹɦɭ ɫɩɚɬɪɷɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɱɭɠɨɣ ɡɹɦɥɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɿ ɬɚɤ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ² ɺɧ ɹɲɱɷ ɡɧɨɣɞɡɟ ɫɩɨɫɚɛ ɞɚɩɹɱɵ ɝɷɬɚɦɭ ɮɚɲɵɫɬɭ ɉɟɪɚɞ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɡɨɥɚɤɚɦ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɟɛɚ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞɡɟ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɩɪɚɹɫɶɧɿɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɩɪɵɬɭɲɵɥɚ ɛɥɹɫɤ ɡɨɪ ɹɧɵ ɩɚɞ¶ɟɯɚɥɿ ɞɚ ɧɟɣɤɚɣ ɜɺɫɤɿ Ⱦɚɪɨɝɚ ɿɲɥɚ ɩɚɞ ɚɞɯɨɧ ɚɛɚɩɚɥ ɹɟ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɩɚɤɪɭɱɚɫɬɵɹ ɡɚɤɚɪɠɷɥɵɹ ɚɞ ɫɬɚɪɚɫɶɰɿ ɜɟɪɛɿɧɵ ɧɚ ɚɤɨɥɿɰɵ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɛɥɿɫɧɭʆ ɩɚɪɷɧɱɚɦɿ ɦɨɫɬ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɡɶɦɟɧ ɲɵʆ ɯɭɬɤɚɫɶɰɶ ɡɛɨɱɵʆ ɿ ɩɪɵɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ² ɇɭ ɹɤ" ² ɝɭɤɧɭʆ ɺɧ ɡ ɤɚɛɿɧɵ ² Ɂɶɥɟɡɟɦ ɰɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɝɚɡɚɜɚɰɶ" ɍ ɤɭɡɚɜɟ ɦɚʆɱɚɥɿ Ⱦɚɝɷɬɭɥɶ ɭɫɺ ɿɲɥɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɜɺɫɤɚ ɡɞɚ ɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɩɭɫɬɨɣ ɿ ɫɨɧɧɚɣ ɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɚɩɵɬɚɥɶɧɚ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚ Ɍ ɨɣ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɥɹ ɛɨɪɬɚ ɡ ɧɚɪɵɯɬɚɜɚɧɚɣ ɡɛɪɨɹɣ ɿ ɧɟɹɤ ɩɚ ɦɚɥɚɞɨɦɭ ʆɫɶɦɿɯɧɭʆɫɹ. ² Ⱦɚɜɚɣ ɝɚɡɭɣ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɧɨʆ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɸɱɵ ʆ ɫɚɛɟ ɝɚɪɷɡɧɭɸ ɡɭɯɚɜɚɬɚɫɶɰɶ ɭɞɚɱɵ Ⱦɚɝɷɬɭɥɶ ɿɦ ɲɚɧɰɚ ɜɚɥɚ ɿ ɞɭɦɚɥɚɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɭɫɺ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɍ ɤɭɡɚɜɟ ɩɪ ɵɝ ɿɧ ɚɥɿɫ ɹ ɧ ɚ ʆɫ ɹɤɿ ɜɵɩɚ ɞɚ ɤ ɹɦɱɷ ɣ ɫɶɰɿɫɧɭʆɲɵ ɡɛɪɨɸ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɭ ɤɚɛɿɧɟ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɀɭɤɭ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ ɿɪɜɚɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɹɤ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚɧɵ ɫɬɚɟɧɶɧɿɤ ɿ ʆɫɤɨɱɵɥɚ ɧɚ ɦɨɫɬ Ɍ ɭɬ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɤɨɪ ɭɫɿɦ ɩɪɚɜɿɥɚɦ ɪɭɯɭ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɞɚʆ ɬɚɤɨɝɚ ɝɚɡɭ ɲɬɨ ɚɠ ɡɚɯɿɫɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɩɚɥɿ ɲɚ ɥɺɧɵ ɜɟɰɟɪ ɿɪɜɚɧɭʆ ɜɚɥɚɫɵ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɜɵɝɥɹɧɭʆ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ əɧɵ ɲɚɥɺɧɚ ɥɹɰɟɥɿ ɩɚ ɩɭɫɬɨɣ ɫɨɧɧɚɣ ɜɺɫɰɵ ɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɛɚɹʆɫɹ ʆɫɺ ɤɚɛ ɫɚɦɚɟ ɧɟɞɚɪɷɱɧɚɟ ɯɿɛɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɩɚɬ ɤɚɥɚ ɿɯ ɉɪɚɥɚɦɚɰɶ ɫɚɛɟ ɝɨɥɚʆ ɚɛ ɹɤɿ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɩɥɨɬ ɿ ɡɝɭɛɿɰɶ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɦɚɝɱɵɦɚ 150
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɹɧɵ ʆɞɚ ɥɚ ɦɿɧɭɥɿ ɜɺɫɤɭ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɜɵɟɯɚɥɿ ʆ ɩɨɥɟ Ɍ ɵɦ ɱ ɚɫɚɦ ɩɚɱɚɥɨ ɫɶɜɿɬɚɰɶ Ȼɚɱɧɵ ɫɬɚɥɿ ɡɦɪɨɱɧɵɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɫɨɧɧɵɹ ɩɚɥɿ ɞɚɪɨɝɚ ɫɬɪɭɧɤɚ ɛɟɝɥɚ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɨɜɵɹ ɩɪɚɫɬɨɪɵ Ɍ ɪɷ ɛɚ ɛ ɭɠɨ ɫɩɵɧɿɰɰɚ ɞɵ ɡɶɧɿɤɧɭɰɶ ɞɡɟ ɚɥɟ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɰɹɝɧɭʆ ɞɚ ɚɩɨɲɧɹɣ ɦɚɝɱɵɦɚɫɶɰɿ ɚ ɫɟɪ ɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɚɱɵ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɿ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɭ ɤɭɡɚɜɟ ɿ ɹɧɵ ʆɫɺ ɟɯɚɥɿ ɿ ɟɯɚɥɿ ɉɟɪɚɫɹɤɚɸɱɵ ʆɡɝɨɪɚɤ ɭ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ ʆɜɚɣɲɥɚ ʆ ɜɵɟɦɤɭ Ⱥɛɚɩɚɥ ɞɚ ɪɨ ɝɿ ɜɵɫɿɥɿɫɹ ɠɚʆɬ ɚɜɚɬ ɵɹ ɚɛ ɪɵɜɵ ɚ ɧ ɚ ɿɯ ɜɵɫɨ ɤɚ ʆɡɶɧɟɫɶɥɿ ɫɜɚɟ ɲɚɩɤɿ ɝɭɫɬɵɹ ɝɚɥɿɧɿɫɬɵɹ ɫɨɫɧɵ ɍɧɿɡɟ ɩɚɞ ɬɵɦɿ ɫɨɫɧɚɦɿ ɞɪɭɝɿɦ ɥɹɫɧɵɦ ɹɪɭɫɚɦ ɞɪɭɠɧɚ ɛɭɹʆ ɯɜɚɺ ɜɵ ɦɚɥɚɞɧɹɤ ɿ ɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɦɚɥɚɞɧɹɤɭ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɦɿɥɶɝɚ ɧɭɥɚ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝ ɭ Ɇɚɲɵɧɚ ɹɤɪɚɡ ɩɟɪɚɚɞɨɥɟ ɥɚ ɫɚɦɵ ɩɚɝɨ ɪɚɤ ɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɲɩ ɚɪɤɚ ɿɦɱɚɥɚɫɹ ʆɧɿɡ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɤɚɥɿ ʆɠɨ ɝɷ ɬɚɹ ʆɩɚʆɲɚɹ ɲɬɭɤɨɜɿɧɚ ɚɩɵɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɪɚɞɵɹ ɬɚɪɚɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɫɶɰɹɦɿʆ ɭ ɱɵɦ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɿ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɚ ɤɪɵɤ ɧɭʆ ɭ ɤɭɡɚɜɟ ² Ƚɪɚɧɚɬɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɩɟɪɲ ɱɵɦ ɹɧɵ ɩɚɫɶɩɟɥɿ ɲɬɨ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɿɪɜɚɧɭɥɚ ɫɶɰɟɛɚɧɭɥɚ ɩɚ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɩɹɫɤɨɦ Ɇɚ ɲɵɧɚ ʆɪɷɡɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɟ ʆɬɪɵɦɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɚɞɚɪɜɚʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɹɟ ɿ ɩɚɥɹɰɟʆ ɧɚ ɝɥɿɧɿɫɬɵɹ ɤɚɦɹɤɿ ɚɞɯɨɧɭ ɉɪɚɰɹɬɵ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚɦ ɿ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɫɶɰɸ ɺɧ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ʆɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɿ ɝɚɬɨɜɵ ɚɛɚɪɚɧɹɰɰɚ ɫɤɚɰɿʆɫɹ ʆ ɤɚɧɚɜɭ Ɍ ɚɦ ɭɠɨ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɩɟɪɚɜɟɪɧɭɬɚɹ ɧɚɛɨɤ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ ɡɚɤɚ ɩɚɥɚɫɹ ɛɭɮɟɪɚɦ ɭ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɍɲɱɷɧɬ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɬɵ ɩɚɤɚɪɷɠɚɧɵ ɪɚɞɵɹɬɚɪ ɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɿʆ ɧɚ ɝɥɿɧɭ ɝɚɪɚɱɭɸ ɜɚɞɭ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɞɡɟ ɠ ɛɵɥɿ ɜɨɪɚɝɿ" ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɫɹ ʆɝɨɪɭ ɭ ɫɚɫɨɧɶɧɿɤ ɿ ɝɭɱɧɚɹ ɥɚɹɧɤɚ ɹɝɨ ɭ ɹɤɨɟ ɜɵɥɿɥɚɫɹ ʆɫɺ ² ɿ ɡɶɞɡɿʆɥɟɧɶɧɟ ɿ ɚɛɭɪɷɧɶɧɟ ɿ ɩɚɥɺɝɤɚ ² ɞɡɿʆɧɚ ɩɪɚɝɭɱɷɥɚ ʆ ɪɚɧɿɲɧɹɣ ɰɿɲɵ ɇɚɞ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɬɚɣ ɦɚɲɵɧɚɣ ɧɚ ɚɛɪɵɜɟ ɫɬɚ ɹɥɿ ɱɚɬɵɪɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɿ ɿ ɦɟɥɿ ɬɚɤɿ ɜɵɝɥɹɞ ɧɿɛɵ ɪɚɩɬɨʆɧɚ ʆɛɚɱɵɥɿ ɧɟɣɤɚɟ ɞɡɿɜɚ ɚɞ ɱɚɝɨ ʆ ɿɯ ɡɦɹɪɰɶɜɟɥɿ ɹɡɵɤɿ ɿ ɫɤɚ ɜɚɥɚ ɪɭɯɿ ɉɪɵɝɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɿ ɜɵɰɹɝɧɭʆɲɵ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ ɲɵɿ ɹɧɵ ɬɪɵɦɚɥɿ ɧɚɰɷɥɟɧɭɸ ɧɚ ɦɚɲɵɧɭ ɡɛɪɨɸ ɿ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɤɚ ɦɹɧɟɥɿ ɬɚɤ ɪɚɡɹɜɿʆɲɵ ɪɚɬɵ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ʆɱɭʆɲɵ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺɜɭ ɥɚɹɧɤɭ ɹɧɵ ɭɫɟ ɱɚɰɶɜɺɪɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɱɚɥɿ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɿ ɡɶɛɟɝɥɿ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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Ɍ ɚɤ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɦ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɱɚɰɶɜɺɪɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɹɲɱɷ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɯ ɩɚɝɪɚɧɿɱɧɿɤɚʆ ɭ ɡɹɥɺɧɵɯ ɲɚɩɤɚɯ ɡ ɡɹɥɺɧɵɦɿ ɩɹɬɥɿɰɚɦɿ ɿ ɡ ɬɪɨɯɥɿɧɟɣɤɚɦɿ ʆ ɪɭɤɚɯ Ⱥɞɱɭʆɲɵ ɧɨɜɵ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ɡ ɩɟɪɚɤɭɥɟɧɚɣ ɦɚ ɲɵɧɵ ɜɵɥɟɡ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɭɩɟɪɲɵɧɸ ɧɚɩɚɥɨɯɚɧɵ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɫɶɥɟɞɚɦ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɤɭɥɶɝɚɸɱɵ ɜɵɛɪɚʆɫɹ ɀɭɤ ɭɡɶɧɹʆɫɹ ɇɭɩ ɪɷɟʆ ɡ ɤɚɧɚɜɵ ɿ ɚɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɡ ɡɚ ɤɭɡɚɜɚ ɡɶɹɜɿʆɫɹ ɞɡɟɞ ² ɺɧ ɰɹɝɧɭʆ ɡɚ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɡɶɛɹɧɬɷɠɚɧɚɝɚ ɤɭɥɶɝɚɜɚɝɚ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɍɫɟ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɛɵɥɿ ɠɵɜɵɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɦɚɲɵɧɚ ɩɚɤɚɥɟɱɵɥɚɫɹ ʆɠɨ ɛɟɡ ɭɫɹɤɚɣ ɧɚɞɡɟɿ ɧɚ ɩɚɩɪɚʆɤɭ ² ȼɵ ɛɥɚɡɶɧɸɤɿ ɛɟɡɝɚɥɨɜɵɹ ɫɚɥɚɝɿ ɧɟɫɚɥɺɧɵɹ ɲɬɨ ɧɚɪɚɛɿɥɿ" ² ɧɚɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɚɝɪɚɧɿɱɧɿɤɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ² ɑ ɨɪɬ ɛɵ ɜɚɦ ɪɭɤɿ ɩɚɚɛɥɚɦɜɚʆ ɡɚ ɜɚɲɭ ɝɪɚɧɚɬɭ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɠ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɝɭɛɿɰɶ ɬɚɤɭɸ ɰɭɞɨʆɧɭɸ ɤɚɥɚɦɚɠɤɭ ɉɚɝɪɚɧɿɱɧɿɤɿ ɧɿɹɤɚɜɚɬɚ ʆɫɶɦɿɯɚɥɿɫɹ ² ɹɧɵ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɿ ɧɚɩɚɥɨɯɚɥɿɫɹ ɭɛɚɱɵʆɲɵ ɤɚɝɨ ɩɚɞɚɪɜɚɥɿ ɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɭɡɪɚɞɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɝɷɬɤɚɣ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɣ ɫɭɫɬɪɷɱɚɣ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɿɦɿ ɍɠɨ ɞɧɟɥɚ ɿ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɧɚɱɚɤɚɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɱɚɝɨ ɛɥɚɝɨ ɝɚ ɛɚɣɰɵ ʆɡɶɥɟɡɶɥɿ ɧɚ ɚɞɯɨɧ ɚɞɵɲɥɿ ʆ ɥɹɫɨɤ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɚɞɱɭɥɿ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɤɚɝɨ ɛɚɥɿɰɶ ɍ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɫɚɞɧɿɥɚ ɫɶɩɿɧɚ ɚɥɟ ɺɧ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɐɿɯɚ ɫɬɚɝɧɚʆ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɚ ɀɭɤ ɞɵɤ ɛɵʆ ɚɠɧɨ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ɚɫɤɨɥɤɚɦ ɭ ɧɚɝɭ ɍ ɝɭɲɱɚ ɪɵ ɹɧɵ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɿɫɹ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɡɶɧɹʆ ɡ ɀɭɤɚɜɚɣ ɧɚɝɿ ɛɨɬ ɿ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɧɚɣ ɩɪɚɰɿɪɤɚɣ ɜɵɤɚɥɭɩɚʆ ɡ ɪɚɧɵ ɩɚɞ ɤɚɥɟɧɚɦ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɿ ɤɚɜɚɥɚɤ ɦɟɬɚɥɭ ɉɚɝɪɚɧɿɱɧɿɤɿ ɞɚɥɿ ɿɧɞɵɜɿɞɭɚɥɶ ɧɵ ɩɟɪɚɜɹɡɚɱɧɵ ɩɚɤɟɬ ɹɧɵ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɛɟɞɚɜɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɸ ɧɹʆ ɞɚɱɭ ɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɡɧɚɪɨɤ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ʆɫɺ ɩɚɤɪɵɤɜɚʆ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɀɭɤ ɤɪɵɜɚ ʆɫɶɦɿɯɧɭʆɫɹ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɹɝɨ ɩɟɪɚɜɹɡɜɚʆ ɫɹɛɪɚ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɭɩɚɤɨɣɜɚɸɱɵ ɫɹɛɟ ɿ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ² ɇɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ Ɂ ɚɝɨɿɰɰɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɝɥɟɞɡɟʆ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ² Ɂɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɧɚɲɵ ɫɿɥɵ ɪɚɫɬɭɰɶ ² ɧɹ ɬɨɹɱɵ ɡɚɞɚɜɚɥɶ ɧɟɧɶɧɹ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɧɚ ɩɚɝɪɚɧɿɱɧɿɤɚʆ ɍɫɟ ɹɧɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɹ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɩɟɪɲɚɝɚ ɝ ɨɞɚ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɫɶɰɿɩɥɚ ɬɭɩɿɥɿ ɜɨɱɵ ɩɚɱɰɿɜɚ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɿ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɛɚɹɡɶɥɿɜɚ ² ɧɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ² Ⱥɝɚ ɡ ɜɚɦɿ ɩɨɣɞɡɟɦ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɟ ɩɪɚɝɨɧɿɰɟ ² Ⱥ ɤɭɞɵ ɜɵ ɿɞɡɹɰɟ" ² ɡɧɚɪɨɤ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ 152
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² Ʉɭɞɵ" ȼɹɞɨɦɚ ɤɭɞɵ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ ² ɚɞɤɚɡɚʆ ɛɚɣɱɷɣɲɵ ɡ ɿɯ ɩɪɵɝɨɠɵ ɡ ɬɜɚɪɭ ɯɥɚɩɟɰ ² ȱ ɞɚʆɧɨ ʆɠɨ ɿɞɡɹɰɟ" ² Ɍ ɵɞɧɿ ɡ ɞɜɚ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ əɤ ɩɚɞ Ʌɿɞɚɣ ɪɚɡɶɛɿɥɿ ɧɚɲ ɚɬɪɚɞ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɿɞɡɺɦ ² ȱ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɜɵ ʆɡɞɭɦɚɥɿ ɧɚɫ ɩɚɞɛɿɜɚɰɶ" ² Ⱥ ɦɵ ʆɠɨ ɝɷɬɚɤ ɱɚɬɵɪɵ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɩɚɞɛɿɥɿ ɿ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɦɚɬɚɰɵɤɥɿɫɬɚ ² ȱ ɦɨɫɬ ɩɚɞɩɚɥɿɥɿ ² ɞɚɞɚʆ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɡ ɞɪɨɛɧɵɦ ɪɚɛɚɜɚɬɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɚɦ ² ɇɭ ɞɨɛɪɚ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɡ ɧɚɦɿ ² Ⱥɥɟ ² Ⱦɡɟɞ ² ɩɚɤɥɿɤɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɚɸɱɵ ʆ ɫɚɫɨɧɶɧɿ ɤɭ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɚ Ȭɧ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɪɚɫɤɜɿɬɚɰɰɚ ɡ ɧɟɦɰɚɦ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɺɫɶɰɶ ɱɚɫ ɿ ɧɚʆɤɨɥɚ ɫɬɚɿɰɶ ɰɿɲɵɧɹ ² ɗɝɟ ɠ Ɍ ɭɬ ɹ ² ɚɡɜɚʆɫɹ ɬɨɣ ɡɡɚɞɭ Ȭɧ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɫɿɜɵ ɤɚɫɦɚɥɹɜɵ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɿ ɭ ɞɚɦɚɬɤɚɧɚɣ ɲɷɪɚɣ ɫɶɜɿɬɰɵ ɚ ɥɹ ɹɝɨ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɡɝɪɚɛɧɵ ɡ ɡɚɛɿɧɬɚɜɚɧɚɣ ɧɚɝɨɣ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɩɪɚɫɬɚ ɜɚɥɨɫɵ ɧɟɦɚɥɚɞɵ ʆɠɨ ɡ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɦɿ ɡɚɝɚɪɷɥɵɦɿ ɡɚɥɵɫɿɧɚɦɿ ʆ ɛɹɥɹɜɵɯ ɪɷɞɤɿɯ ɜɚɥɚɫɚɯ ² Ⱦ ɚɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ ² ɫɬɪɨɝɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɪɚɰɹɝɧɭʆɲɵ ɪɭɤɭ ɞɚ ɩɚɥɨɧɧɚɝɚ Ɍ ɨɣ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɭɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɧɚ ɚɞɧɭ ɧɚɝɭ ɿ ɧɹʆɰɹɦɧɚ ɡɚɥɵɩɚʆ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ² Ⱦɚɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɞɚɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɞɚɜɚɣ ² ɫɟ ɪɠɚɧɬ ɞɚɤɪɚ ɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɭɞɧɵɯ ɤɿɲɷɧɹʆ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɧɚ ɪɷɲɰɟ ɞɪɵɠɚɱɵɦɿ ɩɚɥɶɰɚɦɿ ɚɞɲɩɿɥɿʆ ɝɭɡɿɤ ɿ ɜɵɧɹʆ ɭɫɺ ɲɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɬɚɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɬɪɨɲɤɿ ɩɚɦɹɬɚɸɱɵ ɡ ɬɨɣ ɧɹ ɦɟɰɤɚɣ ɦɨɜɵ ɹɤɭɸ ɜɭɱɵɥɿ ʆ ɲɤɨɥɟ ɩɚɱ ɚʆ ɩɟɪɚɛɿɪɚɰɶ ɤɧɿɠɚɱɤɿ ɩɚɩ ɟɪɤɿ ɞɚɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɚɥɨɧɧɚɝɚ ɍ ɤɨɠɧɚɣ ɩɚ ɩɟɪɰɵ ɩɹʆɫɹ ɤɪɵɥɚɦɿ ɮɚɲɵɫ ɰɤɿ ɚɪɨɥ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɧɟ ɜɹɞɨ ɦɵɹ ɩɹɱɚɬɤɿ ɡ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɠɚ ɩɬɭɲɤɚɣ ɿ ɫɜɚɫɬɵɤɚɣ Ɂ ɜɚɣɫɤɨ ɜɚɝɚ ɛɿɥɟɬɚ ɞɚ ɜɟɞɚʆɫɹ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɲɬɨ ʆɥɚɫɶɧɿɤ ɹɝɨ ² ɝɪɷ ɧɚɞɡɺɪ ɫɚɩɺɪɧɵɯ ɜɨɣɫɤ ɲɬɨ ɹɦɭ ɝɨɞ ɿ ɩɚ ɧɚɰɵɹɧɚɥɶ ɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɺɧ ɚʆɫ ɬɪɵɟɰ Ɍ ɚɦ ɠɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɚɹ ɞɨɫɵɰɶ ɩɚɤɚɦɟɱɚɧɚɹ ɩ ɚɜɟɫɬɤɚ ɹɤɚɹ ɩɪɚɞɩɿɫɜɚɥɚ Ȭɝɚɧɭ ɒɨɥɶ ɰɭ ɤɪɚɫɚɜɿɤɚ ɡɶɹɜɿɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɵɡɵʆɧɵ ɩɭ ɧɤɬ ɞɥɹ ɫɥɭɠ ɛɵ ʆ ɜɟɪɦɚɯɰɟ Ⱥɫɨɛɧɚ ɡɚɩɚɤɚɜɚɧɵɹ ʆ ɰɷ ɥɚɮɚɧ ɯɚɜɚɥɿ ɫɹ ɡɞɵɦɤɿ ɿɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɹɦɧɨɝɚ ɿ ɞɡɟɥɹ ɰɿɤɚʆɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɉɹɬ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɪɭɫɶ ɪɚɡɝɚɪɧɭ ʆ ɿɯ Ⱦɚ ɡɞɵɦɤɚʆ ɱɭɠɵɧɰɚʆ ɡɚɣɦɟɥɿ ɚɯɜɨ ɬɭ ɿ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɡ ɀɭɤɚɦ ɹɧɵ ɰɟɪɚ ɡ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɜɚ ɩɥɹɱɨ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɪɚɡɝɥɹɞɚɥɿ ɫɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ Ȭɝɚɧɚ ɦɚɥɚɞɨɝɚ ɡ ɜɭɫɿɤɚɦɿ ɩɨɬɵɦ Ȭɝ ɚɧɚ ɡ ɠɨɧɤɚɣ ɧɟ ɣɤɭɸ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɿɸ ɥɹ ɜɨɡɟɪɚ ɝɪɭɩɭ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɭ ɫɚɞɤɭ ɍɫɺ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɜɵɱɚɣ ɧɚɟ ɠɵɰɶɰɺɜɚɟ ɯɨɰɶ ɿ ɧɹ ɧɚɲɚ ɧɟɡɧɚɺɦɚɟ ɚɥɟ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟ ɥɚɟ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɠɵɰ ɶɰɿ ² ɦɿɪɧɵɦ ɰɿɯɿɦ ɠɵɰɶɰɿ ʆ ɧɟɣɤɿɦ ɞɚɥɺɤɿɦ ɝɨɪɚɞɡɟ Ʌɟɚɛɷɧɟ ɫɹɪɨɞ ɥɚɞɧɵɯ ɜɹɫɺɥɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɿ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚɝɚ ɮɚɲɵɫɰ ɤɚɝɚ ɧɟ ɜɿɞɚɰ ɶ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɯ ɭɫɶɦɟɲɵɫɬɵɯ ɬɜɚ ɪɚɯ Ⱥ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɡɞɵɦɚɤ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɩɟɪɚɜɹɪɧɭʆ ɭɫɟ ɧɚɦɟɪɵ ɯɥɚɩ ɰɚ ɡɶɛɿʆ ɹɝɨ ɡ ɩɚɧɬɚɥɵɤɭ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɹɤ ɹɦɭ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɩɚɫɬɚɜɿɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɩɚɥɨɧɧɚɝɚ ɇɚ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɧɟɫɚɦɚɜɿɬɵɦ ɡ ɪɨʆɧ ɵɦ ɚɛɪɷɡɚɦ ɡɞɵɦɤɭ ɒɨɥɶɰ ɛɵʆ ɧɚɣɛɨɥɶɲ ɩɚ ɞɨɛɧɵ ɧɚ ɫɹɛɟ ɰ ɹɩɟɪɚɲɧɹɝɚ ² ɭ ɰɵɜɿɥɶɧɵɦ ɚɞɡɟɧɶɧɿ ɺɧ ɫɹɞɡɟ ʆ ɧɚ ɝɧɭɬɵɦ ɜɟɧɫɤɿɦ ɤɪɷɫɶɥɟ ɚ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɤɚ ɥɟɧɹɯ ɦɹɫɶɰɿʆɫɹ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɫɵɧɨɤ ɦɚ ɥɟɧɶɤɿ ɝɨɞ ɱɚɬɵɪɨɯ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɜɨɤɿ ɛɹɥɹɜɵ ɯ ɥɨɩɱɵɤ Ⱥɛɨɞɜɚ ɹɧɵ ɡ ɪɚɞɚ ɫɧɵɦ ɚɝɟɧɶɱɵ ɤɚɦ ɭ ɜɚɱɚɯ ɩɚ ɡɿɪɚɥɿ ɫɚ ɡɞɵɦɤɚ ɿ ɚɞɧɚ ɪɷɱ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɚɞ ɤɪɵɥɚ ɉɟɬ ɪɭɫɸ ɿɧɲɵ ɭɠɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɥɿɡɤɿ ɿ ɡɧ ɚɺɦɵ ɛɨɤ ɠɵɰɶɰɹ ȼɹɪɬɥɹɜɵ ɜɿɞɚ ɰɶ ɝɷ ɬɵ ɯɥɨ ɩɱɵɤ ɧɹ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɞɛɚɸɱɵ ɩɪɚ ɫɜɚɸ ɩɨɡɭ ɧɹɫɩɪɵɬɧɚ ɩɪɵɬɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɛɚɰɶ ɤɚɜɵɯ ɤɚɥɟɧɹɯ ɿ ɜɵɰɹɝɧɭʆ ɞɚ ɚɛ¶ɟɤɬɵɜɚ ɫɜɚɸ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɭɸ ɧɨɠɤɭ ɇɚ ɫɬɚɪɷɧɶɤɿɦ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɧɹ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɝɨɞ ɧɨɲɚɧɵɦ ɫɚɧ ɞɚɥɿɤɭ ɝɷɬɚɟ ɧɨɠɤɿ ɜɵɪɚɡɧɚ ɩɪɵɤɦɹɱɚɥɚɫɹ ɚɤɭɪɚɬɧɚɹ ɥɚɩɿɧɤɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɞɧɿɤɭ ɿ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɤɚɹ ɞɡɿɪɚɱɤɚ ʆ ɩɚɞɷɲɜɟ , ɬɚɞɵ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆ ɹɲɱɷ ɿ ɩɚɰɺɪɬɵɹ ɦɚɥɵɲɨɜɵ ɲɬɚɧɰɵ ɫɚ ɫɤɪɭɱɚɧɵɦɿ ɱɨɪɧɵɦɿ ɥɹɦɤɚɦɿ ɩɪɚɡ ɩɥɟɱɵ ɿ ɧɟɦɭɞɪɚɝɟɥɿ ɫɬɵ ɩɚɧɨɲɚɧɵ ɩɿɧɠɚɤ ɫɚɦɨɝɚ ɒɨɥɶɰɚ ɿ ɹɝɨ ɚɝɪɭɛɟɥɵɹ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɹ ɪɭɤɿ ɲɬɨ ɩɪɵɬɪɵɦɥɿɜɚɥɿ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɚɟ ɰɟɥɚ ɫɵɧɚ Ƚɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɛɟɞɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɹɧɚ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɚɞɤɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɯɥɚɩɰɭ ɹɤɿ ɫɚɦ ɧɟɤɚɥɿ ɦɟʆ ɛɥɿɡɤɚɟ ɡɧɚɺɦɫɬɜɚ ɡ ɹɟ ɬɚɤɿɦɿ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɬɧɵɦɿ ɩɪɚ ɹɜɚɦɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɪɚɡɝɭɛɿʆɫɹ Ȭɧ ɡɶɛɿɪɚʆɫɹ ɚɞɩɨɦɫɶɰɿɰɶ ɩɚ ɥɨɧɧɚɦɭ ɡɚ ɫɜɚɟ ɤɪɵʆɞɵ ɿ ɩɚɤɭɬɵ ɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɪɚɩ ɬɚɦ ɲɬɨ ɩɨɦɫɶɰɿɰɶ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɚɦɭ ɍ ɝɨɥɚʆ ɯɥɚɩɰɚ ɲɵɛɚ ɧɭɥɚ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɞɡɹɫɹɬɚɤ ɫɭɩɹɪɷɱɥɿɜɵɯ ɧɟɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɵɯ ɩɵɬɚɧɶ ɧɹʆ ɜɵɪɚɲɵɰɶ ɹɤɿɹ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɞ ɫɿɥɭ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɫɟɪ ɠɚɧɬ ɩɪɵɯ ɚɜɚʆ ɭ ɫɚɛ ɟ ɫɜɚ ɸ ɡɶɛɹɧɬɷ ɠɚ 154
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɩɚɝ ɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧ ɚ ɩɚɧɵɥɚɝ ɚ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɿ ɡɚɤɥɚɩ ɨɱɚɧɚ ʆɡɞɵɯɧɭʆ ɍɜɟɫɶ ɜɵɝɥɹɞ ɩɚɥɨɧɧɚɝɚ ɛɵʆ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ʆɠɨ ɦɿɪɧɵ ɿ ɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɱɧɵ ɭ ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɚɧɵɦ ɩɨɡɿɪɤɭ ɫɬɨ ɦɥɟɧɵɯ ɜɚɱɷɣ ɬɚɿɥɿɫɹ ɫɬɪɚɯ ɡɚ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɿ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɚɧɚɟ ɱɚ ɤɚɧɶɧɟ ɪɚɡɶɜɹɡɤɿ ɇɟɣɤɿɦ ɡɧɚɺɦɵɦ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɬɵɦ ɫɭɦɚɦ ɩɚɜɟɹɥɚ ɚɞ ɹɝɨ ɧɚ ɡɚɤɥɚɩɨɱɚɧɚɝɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɡɚɧɟ ɩɚɤɨɿʆɫɹ ɒɬɨ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɡ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɚʆɫɬɪɵɣɰɚɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɹɲɱɷ ɚɥɟ ɡɚɛɿɜɚɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɠɨ ɧɹ ɦɟʆ ɫɿɥɵ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɲɬɨ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɧɟ ɱɚɩɚɣ ɞɡɟɞ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ɿ ɚɞɜɹɪ ɧɭʆɫɹ Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɞɡɹɫɹɬɵ ɍ ɝɭɲɱɚɪɵ ɥɟɫɭ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɥɚɞɤɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɚɞɩɚɱɵɧɚɤ ɋɶɧɟɞɚɥɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɯɥɟɛɚɦ ² ɞɚɪɷɱɵ ɚɩɨɲɧɿɦ ɤɚ ɜɚɥɤɚɦ ɭ ɞɡɟɞɚɜɚɣ ɫɭɦɰɵ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɭ ɩɚɝɪɚɧɿɱɧɿɤɚʆ ɛɵʆ ɩɚɱɚɤ ɬɪɚɮɟɣɧɚɝɚ ɰɭɤɪɭ ɪɚɮɿɧɚɞɭ ɹɤɿ ɹɧɵ ɝɚɫɶɰɿɧɧɚ ɜɵɤɥɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɚɝɭɥɶɧɵ ɫɬɨɥ ɉɪɵ ʆɫɟɚɝɭɥɶɧɚɣ ɭɜɚɡɟ ɞɡɟɞ ɹɤ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ɪɚɡɶɞɡɹɥɿʆ ɝɷɬɵ ɧɚɛɵɬɚɤ ɧɚ ɞɡɟɜɹɰɶ ɱɚɫɬɚɤ ɿ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ɡɥɨɫɧɚɝɚ ɿ ɝɚɥɨɞɧɚɝɚ ɹɤɿ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɛɭɪɱɷʆ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɩɪɚ ɯɚɪɱɨɜɵɹ ɩɚɪɚɞɤɿ ² Ⱥ ɱɚɦɭ ɧɹ ɞɡɟɫɹɰɶ" ² ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɤɚɡɜɚɸɱɵ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ɧɚ ɯɥɟɛɧɵɹ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɿ ² Ⱥ ɧɚɜɨɲɬɚ ɞɡɟɫɹɰɶ" ² ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɞɡɟɞ ² ɇɚɫ ɠɚ ɞɡɟɜɹɰɶ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɫɯɚɜɚɧɚɟ ɩɪɵɬɜɨɪɫɬɜɚ ʆ ɜɭ ɡɟɧɶɤɿɯ ɞɡɟɞɚɜɵɯ ɜɚɱɚɯ ɩɚɡɥɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ʆɩɚɪɬɚɫɶɰɶ ɚɥɟ ɡɶɧɟɲɧɟ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɧɚɩɨɦɧɿʆ ² Ⱥ ɧɟɦɰɭ" Ⱦɡɟɞ ɡɧɨʆ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɥɚɹɰɰɚ ɩɪɚɤɥɿɧɚɰɶ ©ɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɤɭɸ ɯɚ ɥɟɪɭª ɚɥɟ ʆɫɺ ɠ ɚɞɞɡɹɥɿʆ ɩɚɬɪɨɯɭ ɚɞ ɤɨɠɧɚɝɚ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɚ ɿ ɬɚɤɿɦ ɱɵɧɚɦ ɧɚ ɡɪɷɛɧɚɣ ɬɚɪɛɿɧɰɵ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɞɡɹɫɹɬɚɹ ɩɨɪ ɰɵɹ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɬɭɬ ɠɚ ɭɩɺɪɲɵɫɹ ʆ ɞɨɥ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɿ ɩɚ ɧɵɥɚ ɧɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɡɚ ɩɚɞɡɟɥɚɦ ɯɚɪɱɭ ɍɫɟ ʆɡɹɥɿ ɫɚɛɟ ɩɚ ɤɚɜɚɥɤɭ ɀɭɤ ɩɚɞɚʆ ɩɚɥɨɧɧɚɦɭ ɹɝɨ ɞɨɥɸ Ɍ ɨɣ ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɫɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɡɚɤɪɭɰɿʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɨɣ ɚɥɟ ʆɪɷɲɰɟ ʆɡɹʆ ɿ ɫɩɪɚʆɧɚ ʆɩɥɺʆ ɯɥɟɛ ɡ ɰɭɤɪɚɦ ɧɟ ɩɚɤɿ ɧɭʆɲɵ ɿ ɤɪɨɲɚɤ ɋɨɧɰɚ ʆɡɶɧɿɦɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɫɚɫɶɧɹɤɨɦ ɭ ɧɟɛɟ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɧɟ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɪɭɯɨɦɵɹ ɯɦɭɪɵɧɤɿ ɭ ɡɚɫɟɧɿ ɧɚ ɬɪɚʆɰɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɬɪɵɦɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɱɧɚɹ ɪɚɫɚ Ⱦɡɟɧɶ ɦɟʆɫɹ ɛɵɰɶ ɫɶɩɹɤɨɬɧɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɜɵ ɪɚɲɵʆ ɚɞɩɚɱɵɰɶ ɞɚ ɚɞɜɹɱɨɪɤɚ ɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɚɯɜɨɬɧɚ ɩɚɥɟɡɶɥɿ ʆ ɧɟɛɚɝɚɬɵɹ ɯɜɚɺɜɵɹ ɰɟɧɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɩɪɵɬɭɥɿʆɫɹ ɩɚɞ ɹɞɥɨʆɰɚɜɵ ɤɭɫɬ ɚɥɟ ɞɨɛɪɵ ɫɨɧ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɣɲɨʆ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ Ɂɪɚɧɤɭ ɧɟɩɚɤɨɿɥɿ ɦɭɯɿ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɫɶɩɺɤɚ ɚ ɛ ɨɥɶɲ ² ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɚɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɚɞ ɩɪɵɫɭɬɧɚɫɶɰɿ ʆ ɝɪɭɩɟ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɿ ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɚ ɩɚɥɨɧ ɧɚɝɚ Ɂɧɨʆ ɠɚ ɧɚɱɧɨɟ ɡɶɧɿɤɧɟɧɶɧɟ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɚɝɚ ɦɨɰɧɚ ʆɪɚɡɿɥɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɩɪɵɦɭɫɿɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɡɿɪɧɭɰɶ ɿ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɱɚ ɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɛɚɣɰɚ ɡ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɛɨɤɭ əɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɩɪɵɩɚɦɿɧɚʆ ɺɧ ɲɬɨ Ʉɚɥɞɨɛɿɧɫɤɿ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɰɟ ɤɚɥɿ ɫɩɚɥɿ ʆɫɟ ɿ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɲɦɚɬ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɦɨɝ ɭɤɪɚɫɶɰɿ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɿ ɡɶɧɿɤɧɭɰɶ ɡ ɿɦ ɞɵɤ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɞɭɲɷʆɧɚɹ ɫɭɬɚɪɝɚ ʆɫɤɚɥɵɯɜɚɥɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɚɛɭɞɠɚʆɫɹ ɡ ɞɪɵɦɨɬɵ ©ɏɬɨ ɹɝɨ ɜɟɞɚɟ" ² ɞɭɦɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɚɩɥɸɲɱɵʆɲɵ ɜɨɱɵ ² ɦɨ¶ ɺɧ ɿ ɧɹ ɡɥɵɞɡɟɧɶ ɧɹ ɡɞɪɚɞɧɿɤ ɦɨ¶ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɫɥɚɛɵ ɛɚɹɡɶɥɿɜɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɧɭ ɿ ɧɹ ɜɵɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɡɛɚɹʆɫɹ Ɇɨ¶ ɝɷɬɚ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɿ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɩɚɰɿɯɭ ɡɶɧɿɤ ɛɹɡ ɲɤɨɞɵ ɿɧɲɵɦ ɱɵɦ ɤɚɥɿ ɛ ɞɡɟ ʆ ɤɪɵɬɵɱɧɵ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɫɚɩɫɚɜɚʆ ɹɤɭɸ ɫɩɪɚ ɜɭ Ⱥ ɧɟɦɟɰ" ɒɬɨ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɡ ɿɦ" Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɿ ɞɡɟɞ ɭɩɚɪɬɚ ɞɚɦɚɝɚɸɰɰɚ ɡɚɛɿɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɚɥɟ ɡɶɧɿɲɱɚɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɛɭɞɡɟ ʆɠɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɟ ɩɚ ɥɸɞɫɤɭ ȼɿɞɚɰɶ ɩɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɺɧ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɩɪɚɰɨʆɧɵ ɿ ɧɟ ɹɤɿ ɬɚɦ ɮɚɲɵɫɬ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ɞɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɠ Ⱥɥɟ ɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɹɝɨ ɡ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɪɵɡɵɤɨʆɧɚ ɹɤ ɿ ɩɭɫɶɰɿɰɶ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɿɯª ɇɚɞɜɹɱɨɪɤɚɦ ɤɚɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɫɚɛɪɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɫɜɚɸ ɛɹɫ ɤɨɧɰɭɸ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɤɪɚɧɭʆ ɧɟɦɰɚ ɡɚ ɩɥɹɱɨ ɿ ɩɚɤɚ ɡɚʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɨɣ ɤɚɛ ɬɨɣ ɿɲɨʆ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɉɚɥɨɧɧɵ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ʆɡɶɧɹʆ ɫɹ ɿ ɡ ɫɚɥɞɚɰɤɚɣ ɝɚɬɨʆɧɚɫɶɰɸ ɩɚɞɩɚɪɚɞɤɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɚɛɚɩɿɪɚ ɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɤɭ ɿ ɩɪɵɫɬɭɩɚɸɱɵ ɧɚ ɡɚɛɿɧɬɚɜɚɧɭɸ ɩɹɬɤɭ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɦ ɇɚ ɹɝɨ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɝɥɵɛɨɤɿ ɫɭɦ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɩɪɵɝɚɜɨɪɚɧɚɝɚ ɞɚ ɫɶɦɟɪɰɿ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɚɞɜɺʆ ɹɝɨ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɛ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɿɯ ɫɬɚɹɧɤɿ ɿ ɥɹɩɧɭʆ ɩɚ ɩɥɹɱɵ ² ɇɟ ɩɚɥɨɯɚɣɫɹ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɰɶ ɧɹ ɛɭɞɭ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ɭɫɶɦɿɯɚɸɱɵɫɹ ² Ⱥɥɟ ɧɹ ɡɞɭɦɚɣ ɜɚɹɜɚɰɶ ɛɨɥɶɲ Ⱥ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɿɞɡɿ ɬɭɞɵ ² ɺɧ ɦɚɯɧɭʆ ɭ ɧɚɩɪɚɦɤɭ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɇɟɲɬɚ ɛɥɿɫɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɜɚɱɚɯ ɩɚɥɨɧɧɚɝɚ ɺɧ ɭɫɬɪɚɩɹɧɭʆɫɹ 156
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ʆɜɟɫɶ ɿ ʆɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɜɭ ɪɭɤɭ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɸ ɡɞɚɥɨɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɯɨɱɚ ɩɚɰɚɥɚɜɚɰɶ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɪɭɤɭ ɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɜɵɡɜɚɥɿʆ ɹɟ Ⱥ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɤɭɥɶɝɚɸɱɵ ɯɭɰɟɧɶɤɚ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɞɚ ɪɨɝɿ ɲɬɨɯɜɿɥɿɧɧɚ ɚɡɿɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɠɚɥɚɫɶɥɿɜɚ ɧɟɹɤ ɭɫɶɦɿɯɚ ɸɱɵɫɹ ɍɪɷɲɰɟ ɺɧ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɩɚɛɟɝ ɭ ɝɭɲɱɚɪ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɚɞɭɦɥɿɜɚ ɩɚɫɬɚɹʆ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɚ ɬɵɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ Ȭɇ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɰɿ ɬɚɤ ɡɪɚɛɿʆ ɹɤ ɩɚɬɪɚɛɚɜɚʆ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɵ ɚɛɚɜɹ ɡɚɤ ɦɨ¶ ɺɧ ɿ ɩɚɦɵɥɿʆɫɹ ɬɭɬ ɩɚɞɚɪɚɜɚʆɲɵ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɜɨɪɚ ɝɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɟɹɤ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɡɚɛɿɰɶ ɬɚɝɨ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ² ɬɚɤɚɹ ʆɠɨ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɛ ɵɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɫɥɚɛɚɫɶɰɶ Ʉɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɜɹɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɫɭɫɬɪɷʆ ɹɝɨ ɩɨ ɡɿɪɤɚɦ ɩɨʆɧɵɦ ɡɶɞɡɿʆɥɟɧɶɧɹ ² ɉɭɫɶɰɿʆ" ² ɉɭɫɶɰɿʆ ² Ⱦɭɪɚɧɶ ² ɤɨɪɚɬɤɚ ɜɵɡɧɚɱɵʆ ɯ ɥɨɩɟɰ ² ɉɚɛɚɱɵɲ ɹɤ ɺɧ ɡɚʆɬɪɚ ɬɚɛɟ ɝɚɥɚɜɭ ɩɪɚɫɬɪɷɥɿɰɶ Ɋɷɲɬɤɭ ɬɚɝɨ ɞɧɹ ɹɧɵ ɩɚɰɿɯɭ ɿɲɥɿ ɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɚɥɟ ʆɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɫɬɚɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɬɪɵɦɚɰɶ ɹɟ ʆ ɩɨɥɿ ɡɪɨɤɭ ɑɚɫɚɦ ɹɧɚ ɡɶɧɿɤɚɥɚ ɡɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚɦɿ ɿ ɥɹɫɤɚɦɿ ɚɥɟ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɡɧɨʆ ɡɶɹʆ ɥɹɥɚɫɹ ɛɥɿɫɤɚɸɱɵ ɞɡɟ ɧɚ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɰɟ ɡɶɡɹɸɱɵ ɛɹɥɸɬɤɿɦɿ ɿɡɚɥɹɬɚɪɚɦɿ ɧɚ ɫɥɭɩɚɯ , ʆɫɺ ɩɵɥɿɥɿ ɩɵɥɿɥɿ ɩɚ ɺɣ ɲɦɚɬɥɿɤɿɹ ɚʆɬɚɤɚɥɨɧɵ ɦɚɬɚɰɵɤɥɵ ɿ ɮɭɪɦɚɧɤɿ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɫɚ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɨɣ ɭɫɸɞɵ ɞɡɟ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ɡɚ ɺɣ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɫɶɰɹʆɲɵ ɜɭɫɧɵ ɚ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɛɥɿɫɤɚ ɸɱɵ ɱɨɪɧɵɦɿ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ² ɑɚɤɚɣ ɫɶɰɹɦɧɟɟ ² ɦɵ ɬɚɛɟ ɧɚɥɚɞɡɿɦ ɦɭɡɵɤɭ əɦɭ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɫɩɚɞɚɛɚɥɚɫɹ ʆɱɚɪɚɲɧɹɹ ɹɡɞɚ ɿ ɺɧ ɭɫɺ ɱɚɤɚʆ ɧɨɱɵ ɤɚɛ ɡɧɨʆ ɡɚɯɚɩɿɰɶ ©ɞɨɛɪɵ ɞɪɵɧɞɭɥɟɬª Ⱥɥɟ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚ ɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɲɬɨ ʆɠɨ ɧɿ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɟ ɿ ɧɿɤɨɦɭ ɡ ɿɯ ɝɪɭɩɵ ɧɟ ɞɚɜɹɥɨ ɫɹ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɩɪɚɤɚɰɿɰɰɚ ɩɚ ɫɩɚɤɭɫɶɥɿɜɚɣ ɥɚɞɧɚɣ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɍɠɨ ɧɟɡɚɞɨʆɝɚ ɞɚ ɡɚɯɚɞɭ ɫɨɧɰɚ ɹɧɵ ʆɫɺɣ ɝɪɭɩɚɣ ɭɡɶ ɧɹɥɿɫɹ ɩɚ ɞɭɯɦɹɧɚɣ ɡɛɚɠɵɧ ɟ ɧɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɤ ɡ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿɦɿ ɪɚɡɜɚɥɿɫɬɵɦɿ ɫɬɚɪɵɦɿ ɫɨɫɧɚɦɿ əɤ ɜɵɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɡɛɥɿɡɤɭ ɬɭɬ ɛɵɥɿ ɦɨɝɿɥɤɿ ɧɟɞɚɥɺɤɚ ʆɧɿɡɟ ɬɭɥɿɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɫɚɞɤɚɯ ɜɺɫɤɚ ɍ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɡ ɞɡɹɰɿɧɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɯɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɞɚ ɦɨɝɿɥɚɤ ɧɟɣɤɚɟ ɧɹɩɷʆɧɚ ɩɪɵɤɪɚɟ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɿ ɺɧ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɚɛɦɿɧɭʆ ɛɵ ɿɯ ɚɥɟ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɝɥɟɞɡɟɰɶ ɞɡɟ ɚɩɵɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɹ ɞɚɪɨɝɚ ȼɭɡ ɤɚɣ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɤɚɣ ɦɿɠ ɚɛɤɥɚɞɡɟɧɵɯ ɤɚɦɟɧɶɧɹɦɿ ɦɚɝɿɥ ɹɧɵ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɡ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨɜɵɦ ɩɚɞɵɲɥɿ ɞɚ ɬɚʆɲɱɷɡɧɚɣ ɫɚɫɧɵ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɚɫɨɛɧɚ ɚɞ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɫɭɪɨɞɡɿɱɚʆ ɜɵɫɿɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɤɪɵɠɚɦɿ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɚɣ ɜɵɫɶɩɟ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɡ ɞɡɟɞɚɦ ɿ ɚɫɬɚɬɧɿɹ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɡɚɫ ɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɨɛɦɟɠɤɭ Ⱦɚɪɨɝɚ ɛ ɵɥɚ ɧɟɞɚɥɺɤɚ əɟ ɫɬɭɠɤɚ ɜɿɞɧɟɥɚɫɹ ɬɨ ɬɚɦ ɬɨ ɬɭɬ ɩɟɪɚɛɹɝɚɥɚ ɧɿɡɿɧɤɿ ɿ ɯɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɡɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚɦɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɠɨ ɧɚɝɥɟɞɡɟʆ ɤɭɞɵ ɤɿɪɚɜɚɰɶ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɚɞɛɿɰɰɚ ɚɞ ɹɟ ɞɚ ɧɨɱɵ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ʆɜɚɝɭ ɚɛɨɞɜɭɯ ɩɪɵɰɹɝɧɭɥɚ ɧɟ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɚɟ ɜɿɞɨɜɿɲɱɚ ɇɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɤɿɥɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɡ ɞɜɚ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɧɿɡɿɧɭ ɡ ɡɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚ ɡɶɹɜɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɧɚɬɨʆɩ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ Ⱥɞ ɫɸɥɶ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɡɝɥɟɞɡɟɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɜɨɣɫɤɚ ɰɿ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɹɤ ɹɧɵ ɿɲɥɿ ɿ ɲɬɨ ɧɟɫɶɥɿ ɡ ɫɚɛɨɣ Ⱥɥɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɿɞɚɜɨɱɧɚ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɦ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɦɧɨɝɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ² ɝɚɥɚɜɚ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɩɪɚɰɷɫɿɿ ɫɩɭɫɤɚɥɚɫɹ ʆɠɨ ɞɚ ɧɿɡɭ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚ ɚ ɤɚɧɰɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ əɧɚ ɪɭɯɚɥɚɫɹ ɦɚɪɭɞɧɚ ɰɿ ɦɨ¶ ɝɷɬɚ ɡɞɚɜɚ ɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɡɞɚɥɺɤɭ ɜɟɰɟɪ ɚɞɧɨɫɿʆ ɡ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ʆɡɶɧɹɬɵ ɧɚɝɚɦɿ ɩɵɥ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ʆɩɿɥɿɫɹ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ʆ ɬɨɟ ɲɷɫɶɰɟ ɩɪɵʆɡɶɧɹɥɿɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɚɫɧɨɣ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɜɵɫɨɤɚ ɧɚ ɥɨɛ ɫɫɭɧɭʆ ɫɜɚɟ ɩɪɵɝɨ ɠɵɹ ɛɪɨɜɵ ɿ ɧɹɩɷʆɧɚ ɜɵɦɚɜɿʆ ² ɇɟɦɰɵ" ɐɿ ɧɟ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɚɸɰɶ" Ⱥɥɟ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɹ ɧɟɦɰɵ Ʉɚɥɿ ʆɫɹ ɤɚɥɨɧɚ ɜɵɰɹɝɧɭɥɚ ɫɹ ɧɚ ɚɞɯɨɧ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɪɚɡɝɥɟɞɡɟʆ ɬɚɦ ɡɧɚɺɦɵɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɿ ʆ ɠɚʆɬɥɹɜɵɯ ɜɵɝɚɪɷɥɵɯ ɤɚɲɭɥɹɯ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɰɿʆ ɹɤ ɛ ɹɫɶɫɿɥɶɧɚ ɫɭɧɭɰɰɚ ɹɧɵ ɩɚ ɩɵɥɶɧɚɣ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɧɟ ʆɡɶɧɿɦɚ ɸɱɵ ɚɞ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɧɨɝ Ⱥ ɚɛɚɩɚɥ ɤɚɥɨɧɵ ɩɪɚɡ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɤɪɨɤɚʆ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɚɞ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɡ ɧɚɪɵɯɬɚɜɚɧɵɦɿ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɚɦɿ ʆ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɿɲɥɿ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɭ ɱɵɦ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɿ ɹɧɵ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɧɚ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɬɵɦɿ ɜɵɪɚɡɧɵɦɿ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɿɦɿ ɩɨɡɿɪɤɚɦɿ ɭ ɹɤɿɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɿ ɯɜɚɥɹɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɿ ɪɚɲɭɱɚɫɶɰɶ ɿ ʆɡɚ ɟɦɧɚɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɧɶɧɟ ² ɋɥɭɯɚɣ ɞɚɜɚɣ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɬɭɞɵ ɞɡɟ ɥɹɫɨɤ ² ɲɚɩɧɭʆ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɚ ɹɤɿ ɹɤ ɡɚʆɫɺɞɵ ʆ ɬɚɤɿɯ ɜɵɩɚɞɤɚɯ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ʆɡɝɚɪɷʆ ɫɹ ɿɦɤɥɿɜɵɦ ɧɚɦɟɪɚɦ ² ɑɚɤɚɣ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɩɚɥɿɱɵɰɶ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɿɯ əɧɵ ʆɞɜɭɯ ɧɚɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɦɚɝɱɵɦɚ ɡɞɚɥɺɤ ɩɚɥɿ 158
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ɱɵɥɿ ɤɚɧɜɚɿɪɚʆ ɍ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ɿɯ ɧɚɛɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɬɪɵɰɰɚɰɶ ɭ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨɜɚ ² ɞɜɚɰɰɚɰɶ ɲɷɫɶɰɶ ² ɒɦɚɬ ɯɚɥɟɪɚ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ² ɒɦɚɬ ɚ ɹɤ ɡɪɨɛɿɦ" ² ɩɵɬɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɚɧɚ ɞɭɦɚɸɱɵ ɹɤ ɚɞɨɥɟɰɶ ɝɷɬɤɭɸ ɝɪɭɩɭ ɞɨɛɪɚ ʆɡɛɪɨɟɧɵɯ ɝɚ ɬɨɜɵɯ ɞɚ ɛɨɣɤɿ ɜɨɪɚɝɚʆ Ⱥɥɟ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɹ ɦɟʆ ɧɿɹɤɚɝɚ ɩɥɚɧɚ ɚ ɱɚɫ ɿɲɨʆ ɤɚɥɨɧɚ ɧɚɛɥɿɠɚɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɚɞɫɤɨɱɵɥɿ ɚɞ ɫɚɫɧɵ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ² ɍ ɪɭɠɠɨ ² ɛɟɝɭɱɵ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ² Ɂɚ ɦɧɨɣ Ɂ ɭɫɹɟ ɫɿɥɵ ɺɧ ɩɭɫɶɰɿʆɫɹ ɩɚ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɟ ʆ ɥɚɝɱɵɧɭ ɡɚ ɹɤɨɣ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɿɦ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɭ ɩɚɱɵɧɚɥɚɫɹ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟ ɿ ɞɡɟ ɩɚɜɿɧ ɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɩɪɚɯɨɞɡɿɰɶ ɬɚɹ ɞɚɪɨɝɚ ɍɪɚɫɫɵɩɧɭɸ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɤɿɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɜɨɫɟɦ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɥɿɱɚɱɵ ɿ ɞɡɟɞɚ ɹɤɿ ɜɚ ʆɫɿɯ ɜɚɣɫ ɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɩɪɚɜɚɯ ɹɤ ɭɦɟʆ ɯɚɞɡɿʆ ɩɚɞ ɦɚɥɚɞɵɯ Ⱥɛɥɿɜɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɩɨɬɚɦ ɿ ɩɟɪɚɤɿɞɜɚɸɱɵ ɡ ɩɥɹɱɚ ɧɚ ɩɥɹɱɨ ɩɚɰɟɠɚɥɟɥɵ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɿɦɱɚʆ ɩɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɿ Ȭɧ ɭɫɺ ɧɟɩɚɤɨɿʆɫɹ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɫɩɚɡɶɧɿɰɰɚ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɿ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɿ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɡɝɭɛɿɰɶ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɤɚɝɨ ʆ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɡɚɪɚɫɶɧɿɤɚɯ Ⱦɚɪɨɝɚ ʆɪɷɲɰɟ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɛɚɣɰɚɦɿ ² ɹɧɚ ɬɭɬ ɩɪɚ ɥɹɝɚɥɚ ɩɚ ɚɞɯɨɧɟ ɡɚɪɨɫɥɵɦ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤɚɦ ɿ ɥɹɲɱɵɧɶɧɿɤɚɦ Ɇɟɫɰɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɡɞɚɬɧɚɟ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɫɚɞɵ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟ ɧɹɫɶ ɦɟɥɚ ɬɨʆɩɿɥɚɫɹ ɤɪɨɤɚʆ ɭ ɞɜɚɰɰɚɰɿ ɚɞ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɿ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɧɟ ɩɚɞɫɬɭɩɚɥɚ ɞɚ ɹɟ Ƚɷɬɚɹ ɹɟ ɫɬɚɪɚɧɚ ɚɞ ɤɚɧɚɜɵ ʆɡɶɧɿɦɚɥɚ ɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɤ ɚ ɬɚɹ ɚɞɯɨɧɿɫɬɚ ɫɩɭɫɤɚɥɚɫɹ ʆɧɿɡ ɞɡɟ ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɝɭɫɬɨɟ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɡɶɧɿɤɚɥɚ ɿ ɩɚɱɵɧɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɟɧɚ ɠɚɰɶ Ɍ ɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɜɟɱɚɪɷɥɚ ɋɨɧɰɚ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɦ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɵɦ ɤɨɥɚɦ ɫɩɭɫɤɚɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɧɟɛɚɫɯɿɥɭ Ȼɵɥɨ ɰɺɩɥɚ ɧɚ ɞ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹɦɿ ɿ ɥɸɞɡɶɦɿ ɦɿɬɭɫɶɥɿɜɵɦɿ ɱɚɪɨɞɚɦɿ ɬɚʆɤɥɿɫɹ ɤɚɦɚɪɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɦɨɪɚɧɚ ʆɩɚʆ ɩɚɞ ɛɭɯɦɚɬɵɦ ɤɭɫɬɨɦ ɥɹɲɱɵɧɶ ɧɿɤɚ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɭɤɥɟɧɱɵʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɞɚ ɿɯ ɩɚɤɪɵɫɟ ɫɚɛɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɚɫɬɚɬɧɿɹ Ʉɚɥɨɧɚ ɿ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɩɚɜɿɧɧɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɡɶɹɜɿɰɰɚ ɚ ɹɤ ɜɵɡɜɚɥɿɰɶ ɩɚɥɨɧɧɵɯ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ² ɋɬɪɚɥɹɰɶ ɛɪɚɬ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ² ɧɟɩɚɤɨɿʆɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ² ɋɜɚɿɯ ɩɚɛ¶ɺɦ əɧɵ ʆɫɺ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ʆɩɪɚɜɚ ɞɡɟ ɡ ɡɚ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬɤɿ ɩɚɱɵɧɚ ɥɚɫɹ ɞɚ ɪɨɝɚ ɱɚɤɚɥɿ ɿ ɞɚ ɛɨɥɸ ʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɡɝɚɞɜɚ ɥɿ ɲɬɨ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɹɤ ɩɚɛɿɰɶ ɮɚɲɵɫɬɚʆ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɬɪɚɩɿɰɶ ɭ ɧɚɲɵɯ Ⱥɥɟ ɹɤ ɧɿ ɞɭɦɚɥɿ ɚ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɚɞɡɟɣɧɚɝɚ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɯɨɞɡɿɥɚ ɧɚ ɞɭɦɤɭ ² ɉɚɫɥɭɯɚɣɰɟ ɦɹɧɟ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɚ ² ɚɡɜɚʆɫɹ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɞɡɟɞ ɿ ɩɚɞɵɲɨʆ ɞɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚʆ ² Ʉɚɥɿ ɜɨɫɶ ɲɬɨ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ Ʉɚɥɿ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɿ ɚɞɤɪɵɬɚ ɤɚɦɭ ɫɤɚɠɚɦ ɿ ɦɧɟ ɿ ɤɪɵɤɧɭɰɶ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɲɵɦ ɪɚɬɭɣɰɟ ɛɿɰɟ ɧɟɦɰɚʆ Ƚɚ" Ɇɨɠɚ ɿ ɜɵɣɞɡɟ" ² Ⱥ ɧɿɲɬɨ ʆɞɭɦɚʆ ² ɩɚɝɚɞɡɿʆɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ² Ɍɨɥɶɤɿ ɬɚɤ ɯɚɣ ɫɚɦɿ ɛ¶ɸɰɶ ɭɫɺ ɠ ɿɯ ɜɭɧɶ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ Ⱥ ɦɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɪɚ ɯɭ ɫɵɩɚɧɺɦ ɩɚɜɟɪɯɭ ɇɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɚɞɡɟɣɧɚɹ ɡɚɞɭɦɚ ɚɥɟ ɿɧɲɚɣ ɧɟ ɫɬɚɜɚɥɚ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɦɭɫɿʆ ɡɝɚɞɡɿɰɰɚ ² Ⱦɡɟɞ ɚ ɹɤ ɠɚ ɬɵ ɫɚ ɡɛɪɨɹɣ" ² ɫɩɵɬɚʆ ɺɧ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɚ ² Ⱥ ɧɚɜɨɲɬɚ ɡɛɪɨɹ" ə ɬɚɤ Ɇɿɪɧɵ ɠɵɯɚɪ ɛɵɞɬɚ Ʉɪɵɤ ɧɭʆ ² ɿ ɯɨɞɭ Ʉɚɛ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɹɧɵ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɿ Ȼɚɣɰɵ ɪɚɡɵɲɥɿɫɹ ɩɚ ʆɫɤɪɚɣɤɭ ɤɭɫɬɨʆ ɥɹ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ɧɟɩɚɞɚɥɺɤɭ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɡ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɛɨɤɭ ² ɇɭɩ ɪɷɟʆ ɍɫɟ ɫɶɰɿɲɵɥɿɫɹ ɿ ʆɫɬɚɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɉɟɪɲɵɦɿ ɡ ɬɚɟ ɤɚɥɨɧɵ ɩɚɤɚɡɚɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɡɚ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬɤɿ ɱɚ ɬɵɪɵ ɤɚɧɜɚɿɪɵ ʆ ɱɨɪɧɚɣ ɷɫɷɫɚʆɫɤɚɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɫɚ ɫɜɚɫɬɵ ɤɚɦɿ ɧɚ ɪɭɤɚɜɚɯ əɧɵ ɧɟɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɿɲɥɿ ɩɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɬɪɵɦɚɸ ɱɵ ɧɚ ɝɪɭɞɡɹɯ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɵ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɫɹɪɷɞɧɿ ɚɞɡɟʆɲɵ ɪɚɦɹ ɧɺɦ ɧɚ ɲɵɸ ɧɺɫ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬ Ɂɚ ɿɦɿ ɜɵɧɿɤɥɿ ɩɟɪɲɵɹ ɲɷɪɚɝɿ ɩɚɥɨɧɧɵɯ ɇɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɚɛɧɹʆɲɵɫɹ ɿɲɥɿ ɞɜɨɟ: ɚɞɡɿɧ ɬɪɵ ɦɚʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɦɚɰɧɟɣɲɚɝɚ ɫɹɛɪɚ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɤɭɥɶ ɝɚʆ ɭɫɹ ɹɝɨ ɝɚɥɚɜɚ ɿ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɜɨɱɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɚɛɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɚɤɪɵɜɚʆ ɥɟɧɵɦɿ ɛɪɭɞɧɵɦɿ ɛɿɧɬɚɦɿ Ƚɷɬɤɿɹ ɠ ɛɿɧɬɵ ɱɚɫɬɚ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɥɿ ʆ ɬɨɣ ɤɚɥɨɧɟ ɭɫɟ ɿɲɥɿ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɦɚɪɭɞɧɚ ɚ ɩɚ ɛɚɤɚɯ ɹɤ ɫɚɛɚɤɿ ɧɚ ɥɚɧɰɭɝɚɯ ɫɧɚɜɚɥɿ ɫɚɥɞɚɬɵ ɡ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɚɦɿ əɧɵ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɡɚɧɟɩɚɤɨɿɥɿɫɹ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɭɜɚɯɨɞɡɹɱɵ ʆ ɥɟɫ ɿ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɩɚɤɪɵɤɜɚɸɱɵ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɨɧɧɵɯ ɰɹɫɶɧɟɣ ɡɶɛɿɜɚɥɿ ɤɚɥɨɧɭ Ɍ ɚɤ ɭɫɹ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɝɪɚɦɚɞɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɫɭɧɭɥɚɫɹ ʆɫɺ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɿ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺɜɚ ɫɷɪɰɚ ɩɚɧɵɥɚ ɡɞɪɵɝɚɧɭɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɝɪɭɞ ɡɹɯ ɤɚɥɿ ɺɧ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɹɤɿɹ ɝɷɬɚ ɡɶɧɹɫɿɥɟɧɵɹ ɿ ɞɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɠ ɦɧɨɝɿɹ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɐɿ ɦɚɝɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɡɞɨɥɟɰɶ ɝɷɬɤɭɸ ɞɚ ɡɭɛɨʆ ɭɡɛɪɨɟɧɭɸ ɿ ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɚɧɭɸ ɜɚɪɬɭ" Ⱥɥɟ ɡɶɦɹɧɿɰɶ ɧɚɦɟɪ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɠɨ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ɿ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ʆ ɩɚɤɭɬɥɿɜɵɹ ɯ ɜɿɥɿɧɵ ɱɚɤɚɧɶɧɹ ɥɹ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɜɵɧɿɤɥɚ ɚɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɚɹ ɲɷɪɚɹ ɿ 160
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɬɚɤɚɹ ɧɟɫɚɦɚɜɿɬɚɹ ɞɡɟɞɚɜɚ ɮɿɝɭɪɤɚ ɍ ɬɨɣ ɠɚ ɱɚɫ ɧɟɫɩɚɞ ɡɹɜɚɧɚ ɡɵɱɧɵ ɹɝɨ ɝɨɥɚɫ ɝɨɣɤɧɭʆ ɧɚɞ ɩɪɚɫɬɨɪɚɦɿ ² Ȼɪɚɬɨɱɤɿ Ȼɿ ɮɚɲɵɫɬɚʆ ɇɚɲɵ ʆ ɥɟɫɟ ɇɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɰɿ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɯɬɨ ɹɝɨ ɤɪɵɤ ɹɤ ɬɨɟ ɡɞɚɥɨɫɹ ɧɟɦɰɚɦ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɡ ɚɛɨɱɵɧɵ ɤɨɪɚɬɤɚ ɬɵɪɤɧɭɥɚ ɱɚɪɝɚ ² ɞɡɟɞ ɩɚɯɿɥɿʆɫɹ ɛɵ ɩ¶ɹɧɵ ɯɿɫɧɭʆɫɹ ʆɛɨɤ ɿ ʆɩɚʆ ɧɚ ɡɹɦɥɸ Ⱥ ɤɚɥɨɧɚ ɪɭɯɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɚɛɟ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɲɬɨɫɶ ɫɬɚ ɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɦ ɿ ɪɚɞɵ ɹɟ ɫɤɚɥɚɧɭʆ ɧɟɜɵɪɚɡɧɵ ɿ ɧɟɪɚɲɭɱɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɦɿɬɭɫɶɥɿɜɵ ɪ ɭɯ ɇɟɣɤɚɹ ɱɨɪɧɚɹ ɜɿɯɭɪɚ ɪɨɫɩɚɱɵ ɚɞ ɭɫɶɜɟɞɚɦɥɟɧɶɧɹ ɧɹʆɞɚɱɵ ɩɚɞɯɚɩɿɥɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɇɿɱɨɝɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɸ ɱɵ ɿ ɞɪɷɧɧɚ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɪɨɛɿɰɶ ɺɧ ɭɫɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɡ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɤɚɛ ɤɿɧɭɰɰɚ ɡ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɚɦ ɧɚ ɜɨɪɚɝɚʆ ɚɥɟ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɡ ɞɨɥɭ ɫɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɡɚ ɧɚɝɭ ² ɋɬɨɣ Ʉɭɞɵ? ɋɶɰɹɝ ɞɚɜɚɣ ɋɶɰɹɝ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɿɪɜɚɧɭʆ ɡ ɩɥɟɱ ɤɥɭɧɚɤ ɿ ɜɵɯɚɩɿʆ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɫɭɧɭʆ ɹɦɭ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɤɿɣ ɿ ɹɧɵ ɞɜɭɦɚ ɜɭɡɥɚɦɿ ɩɚ ɪɚɝɚɯ ɩɪɵɦɚɰɚɜɚɥɿ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɧɟɫɚɦɚɜɿ ɬɚɝ ɚ ɞɪɷʆɤɚ Ⱥɩ ɚɧɬɚɧɵ ɚɞ ɤɪ ɵʆɞɵ ɞɡɟɞɚɜɚ ɣ ɧɹʆɞɚɱɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɜɵɫɤɚɱɵʆ ɡ ɩɚɞɥɟɫɤɭ ɿ ɡ ɪɚɡɝɨɪɧɭɬɵɦ ɫɶɰɹɝɚɦ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ʆ ɧɚɬɨʆɩ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ Ɂɚ ɿɦ ɭɡɶɧɹɥɿɫɹ ɚɫɬɚɬɧɿɹ ɿ ɭɞɚɪɵʆɲɵ ɡ ɭɫɹɟ ɡɛɪɨɿ ɧɚɞ ɝɚɥɨɜɚɦɿ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɭ ɤɚɥɨɧɟ ɚɬɚɤɚɜɚɥɿ ɝɿɬɥɟɪɚʆɰɚʆ , ɬɚɞɵ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɧɟɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɚɹ ɿ ɧɟɚɞɱɭɬɚɹ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺɦ ɫɿɥɚ ʆɫɤɚɥɵɯɧɭɥɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɿ ɤɚɥɨɧɚ ɧɚ ɺɣ ɩɟɪɚɫɬɚɥɚ ɿɫɧɚɜɚɰɶ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɛɵ ɦɭɪɚɲɤɿ ʆ ɦɭɪɚɜɟɣɧɿɤɭ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɜɚ ʆɫɟ ɛɚɤɿ ɚɞɭɫɸɥɶ ɡɚɝɪɵɦɟɥɿ ɫɬɪɷɥɵ ɜɚ ɭɫɿɯ ɤɿɪɭɧɤɚɯ ɩɚɧɟɫɶɥɿɫɹ ɤɭɥɿ ɚɲɚɥɟɥɚ ɞɡɺʆɛɚɸɱɵɫɹ ʆ ɫɭɯɭɸ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɧɚɜɵɥɺɬ ɩɪɚ ɛɿɜɚɸɱɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɱɵɹ ɰɟɥɵ ɉɚɞɛɹɝɚɸɱɵ ɞɚ ɤɚɧɚɜɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɹɤ ɧɟɣɱɚɹ ɱɚɪɝɚ ɫɶɰɟɛɚɧɭɥɚ ɩɚ ɩɚɥɨɬɧɿɲɱɵ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɿɪɜɚɧɭʆ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɞɚ ɫɹɛɟ ɿ ɚɛɚɪɚɧɹɸɱɵɫɹ ɭɫɤɿɧɭʆ ɪɭɤɭ ɡ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚɦ Ɂ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɰɚɥɹʆ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɚɦ ɪɵɠɵ ɧɟɦɟɰ ɚɥɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɚ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɡɪɨɤɭ ɹɝɨ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɶ ɹɤ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɠɚ ɺɧ ɡɶɧɿɤ ɧɟɤɿɦ ɡɶɛɿɬɵ ʆ ɤɚɧɚɜɭ ɇɟɦɟɰ ɤɪɭɬɧɭʆɫɹ ɛɵ ɜɭɠɚ ɤɚ ɫɿɥɹɱɵɫɹ ʆɯɚɩɿɰɶ ɭɩɭɲɱɚɧɵ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɚɥɟ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɫɬɪɷɥɿʆ ɭ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɿ ʆɡɶɛɟɝ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɉɟɪɚɞ ɹɝɨ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ʆ ɚɲɚɥɟɥɚɣ ɪ ɚɡɶɥɸɬɚɜɚ ɧɚɣ ɛɚɪ ɚɰɶɛ ɟ ɦɿɥɶɝ ɚɥɿ ɧɟɣɱ ɵɹ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɫɶɩɿɧɵ ɪɭɞɵɹ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɛɨɫɵ ɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɤɚɧɚɜɭ ɧɟɯɬɚ ʆɩɚʆ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɫɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ©ɋɶɦɟɪɰɶ ɝɚɞɚɦ ª ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɦɚɬɥɹɧɭʆ ɧɚɞ ɫɚɛɨɸ ɪɚɫɩɭɲɱɚɧɵɦ ɲɨʆ ɤɚɦ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɋɬɪɷɥɵ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɡɚɰɿɯɥɿ ɚɥɟ ʆɫɸɞɵ ɪɚʆɥɿ ɤɪɵɱɚɥɿ ɥɚɹɥɿɫɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ Ⱦɚ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ɩɚɞɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɡɚɝɚɪɷɥɵ ɩɨɬɧɵ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɭ ɪɚɫɯɥɿɫɬɚɧɚɣ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɰɵ ɭɠɨ ɡ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɚɦ ² ɩɚ ɹɝɨ ɪɚɞɚɫɧɵɦ ɿ ʆɡɪɭɲɚɧɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɰɹɤɥɿ ɫɶɥɺɡɵ ɲɱɚɫɶ ɰɹ Ⱥɞɭɫɸɥɶ ɞɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ʆɡɛɪɨɟɧɵɹ ɿ ɛɹɡɡɛɪɨɣɧɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɩɟɪɚɦɨɝɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɪɚɞɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɤɚɥɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɿɦɝɧɟɧɧɚ ɜɵɡɧɚɱɵʆ ɫɬɚɧɨ ɜɿɲɱɚ ɿ ɡɚɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɩɟɪɚɦɚɝɚɸɱɵ ɫɬɭɤɚɬ ɭɥɚɫɧɚɝɚ ɫɷɪɰɚ ² ɍ ɥɟɫ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲɵ ɍ ɥɟɫ ɭɝɨɪɭ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɚɩ¶ɹɧɟɧɵɹ ɩɟɪɚɦɨɝɚɣ ɹɧɵ ɫɩɚɡɶɧɿɥɿɫɹ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɝɷɬɚ Ɂɡɚɞɭ ɡ ɡɚ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬɤɿ ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɡɚɝɪɭɤɚɥɿ ɧɟɣɤɿɹ ɧɟ ɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɚ ɝ ɭɱɧɵɹ ɫɬɪɷɥɵ ² ɝɭɥɤɿɹ ɿ ɩɚɜɚɠɧɵɹ ɇɿɛɵ ɯɬɨ ɧɟɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɫɬɭɤɚʆ ɩɚ ɞɡɟɠɰɵ ɿ ɧɚʆɫɤɚɫɹɤ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɩɪɚɣɲɥɚɫɹ ɱ ɚɪɝɚ ɪɚɡɪɵʆɧɵɯ ɛɭɣɧɚɤɚɥɿɛɟɪɧɵɯ ɤɭɥɶ Ȼɚɟɰ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɝɷɬɵ ɱɚɫ ɛɟɝ ɬɭɬ ɜɨɣɤɧɭʆɲɵ ɭɩɚʆ ɜɨɛɡɟɦɥɸ ɥɹ ɤɚɧɚɜɵ ɡɚɤɿɧɭʆɲɵ ʆɝɨɪɭ ɪɭɤɿ ɭɩɚʆ ɞɪɭɝɿ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɠɚɥɚɫɧɚ ɡɚɥɟɦɚɧɬɚɜɚʆ ɡɡɚɞɭ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɯɿɫɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɚɞ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɿ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɥɟɫ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɹɲɱɷ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɤɚɛ ɭɫɟ ɛɟɝɥɿ ʆɝɨɪɭ ɿ ɩɚɞ ɯɚɩɿʆɲɵ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɉɨɛɚɱ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɛɟɝ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ Ⱥ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɚɪɰɺɪ ɡ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɥɸɬɚ ɩɚɥɿʆ ɪɚɡɪɵʆɧɵɦɿ ɤɭɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɩɵɥɚɦ ɡɹɦɥɹ ɧɿɛɵ ɹɟ ɫɟɤɥɿ ɛɿɡɭɧɨɦ ɿ ɝɭɥɤɚ ɥɨɩɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɜɨɫɬɪɚ ɩɵɪɫɤɚɥɿ ʆ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɿ ɬɵɫɹɱɵ ɚɫɤɨɥɤɚʆ Ʉɿɞɚɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɛɨɤɭ ʆ ɛɨɤ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɿ ɩɚɞɚɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɇɟɱɚɤɚɧɵ ɝɷɬɵ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬ ɬɚɤ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɫɤɿɪɚɜɚɧɚɣ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɭɠɨ ɧɟ ɡɶɛɹɧɬɷɠɵʆ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ Ⱦɚ ɹɝɨ ɜɹɪɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɰɶɜɹ ɪɨɡɚɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɧɶɧɟ ɯɨɞɭ ɩɚɞɡɟɣ ɿ ɺɧ ɭɰɹɦɿʆ ɲɬɨ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɚɟ ɡɚɪɚɡ ² ɧɟ ɪɚɡɝɭɛɥɹɰɰɚ ɩɚ ɥɟɫɟ ɜɵɬɪɵɦɚɰɶ ɚɞɡɿɧɵ ɧɚɩɪɚ ɦɚɤ ɿ ɧɚɣɯɭɬɱɷɣ ɚɞɚɪɜɚɰɰɚ ɚɞ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɡɪɚɡɭ ɦɟʆ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɲɬɨ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɜɟɫɶɰɿ ɛɨɣ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɹɧɵ ɧɹ ɦɟɥɿ ɧɿɹɤɚɣ ɦɚɝɱɵɦɚɫɶɰɿ ɛɨ ɡ ɞɜɭɯ ɛɚɤɨʆ ɞɚ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɤɨɠɧɭɸ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɭ ɡɶɹʆɥɹɥɚɫɹ ɩɚɞɦɚɰɚɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɍ ɬɵɦ ɛɵɥɚ ɫɚɦɚɹ ɜɹ ɥɿɤɚɹ ɯɿɛɚ ɫɺɧɶɧɹɲɧɹɣ ɛɨɣɤɿ Ʉɭɥɿ ʆɫɺ ɯɥɺɫɬɤɚ ɬɪɷɫɤɚɥɿɫɹ ɤɪɭɝɨɦ ɲɚɪɯɚɰɟɥɿ ɚɫɟɱɚɧɵɹ ɿɦɿ ɝɚɥɿɧɤɿ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɿ ɩɚ ɛɚɤɚɯ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɛɟɝ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɚɡɿɪɚʆɫɹ 162
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɚɞɫɬɚʆ ɞɡɟ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɛɨ ɤɚɥɿ ɛ ɲɬɨ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɡ ɯɥɨɩɰɚɦ ɞɵɤ ɫɩɚɬɪɷɛɿɥɚɫɹ ɛ ɡɚɦɟɧɚ ɞɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɩɚɫɬɭɩɨɜɚ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɧɿɧɚ ɩɚɱɚɥɚ ɫɶɰɿɯɚɰɶ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɹɲɱɷ ɬɪɚɲɱɚɥɿ ɱ ɷɪɝɿ ɚɥɟ ɤɭɥɶ ɭɠɨ ɧɹ ɱɭɬɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɏɦɵɡɶɧɹɤ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɪɚɞɡɟʆ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɫɤɨɧɱɵɰ ɰɚ ɇɚɩɚɬɤɚʆɲɵ ɜɭɡɟɧɶɤɭɸ ɥɟɫɚɜɭɸ ɞɚɪɨɠɤɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɵɦ ɩɚɣɲɥɿ ɩɚ ɺɣ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɿɲɥɨ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɿ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɹɧɵ ɜɵɛɿɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɭɝɚɜɿɧɭ ɇɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɩɪɚɫɶɰɹɝɭ ɬɨɣ ɥɭɝɚɜɿɧɵ ɡ ɭɡɶɥɟɫɤɭ ɜɵɯɨɞɡɿɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɹɧɵ ɛɪɵɥɿ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɤɭɞɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɛ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɚɞ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɉɚ ɡɹɦɥɿ ʆɠɨ ɫɥɚʆɫɹ ɜɹɱɷɪɧɿ ɡɦɪɨɤ ɧɚɞ ɫɵɪɵɦɿ ɦɹɫɶɰɿɧɚɦɿ ɲɚɪɷɥɚ ɩɚɪɚ ɱ ɵɪ ɜɨɧɵɦɿ ɜɨɞɛɥɿɫɤɚɦɿ ɫɶɜɹɰɿɥɿɫɹ ɯɦɚɪɤɿ ɧɚɞ ɥɟɫɚɦ ɚ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞɡɟ ɡɚɩɚɥɿɥɿɫɹ ɩɟɪɲɵɹ ɡɨɪɤɿ Ʉɚɛ ɫɚɛɪɚɰɶ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɭɡɟ ɿ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ² Ƚɟ ɝɟɣ Ⱦɚɜɚɣ ɫɸɞɵ Ȼɚɣɰɵ ɩɚɜɹɪɧɭɥɿ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɛɨɤ ɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɵɦ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɧɚ ɤɭɩɿɧɟ ɿ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɚɥɿ ɫɜɚɿɯ Ȼɚɥɸɱɚ ɫɶɰɿɫɤɚɥɚɫɹ ɫɷɪɰɚ ʆ ɚɛɨɞɜɭɯ ɚɞ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɲɬɨ ɧɹ ʆɫɟ ɜɵɣɞɭɰɶ ɡ ɬɚɝɨ ɥɟɫɭ ȼɹɞɨɦɚ ɲɤɚɞɚ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɫɿɯ ɬɵɯ ɯɬɨ ɡɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɚ ɪɨɡɟ ɯɬɨ ɧɟ ɞɚɛɟɝ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɜɵɪɚɬɚɜɚɧɶɧɹ ɚɥɟ ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɚ ɧɵɥɚ ʆ ɝɪɭɞɡɹɯ ɡɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɫɹɛɪɨʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɦɿɬɭɫɿʆɫɹ ɩɨɡɿɪɤɚɦ ɩɚ ɥɭɡɟ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɚɸɱɵ ɞɜɭɯ ɬɚɜɚɪɵɲɚʆ ɿ ɡɞɚɜɚ ɥɚɫɹ ɯɥɨɩɰɭ ʆ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫ ɲɬɨ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɚɪɚ ɠɷɣɲɚɝɚ ʆ ɠɵɰɶɰɿ ɡɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ɿ ɀɭɤɚ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ʆɫɺ ɫɵ ɯɨɞɡɿɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɭɠɨ ɧɚɛɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɱ ɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɡ ɩɚʆɫɨɬɧɿ ɩɪɵɣ ɲɥɨ ɞɜɨɟ ɩɚɝɪɚɧɿɱɧɿɤɚʆ ɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞɱɵɤɚʆ ɭɫɺ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ əɧɵ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɚɩɨɲɧɿɦɿ ʆɠɨ ʆ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɩɚʆɫɨɬɧɿ ʆɰɚɥɟɥɵɯ ɭɡɪɭɲɚɧɵɯ ɿ ʆɡɪɚɞɚɜɚɧɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɹɤɿɹ ɡ ɚɠɵʆ ɥɟɧɚɣ ɝɚɦɨɧɤɚɣ ɬɨʆɩɿɥɿɫɹ ɥɹ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɭɬɚɣɦɨʆɜɚɸɱɵ ɫɜɚɺ ɯɜɚɥɹɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɿ ɫɬɨɦɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɞɚɥɺɤɭ ɹɲɱɷ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆ ɯɥɨɩɰɚʆ ² ɬɵɹ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɧɚ ɫɚɛɟ ɰɹɝɧɭɥɿ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɡɶɜɹɪɧɭɥɿ ɩɨɡɿɪɤɿ ʆ ɿɯ ɛɨɤ ² ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɧɟɫɶɥɿ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ Ʉɚɥɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɧɚɛɥɿɡɿɥɿɫɹ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɪɚɫɫɬɭɩɿɥɿɫɹ ɞɚɸɱɵ ɿɦ ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ɞɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɹɤɿ ɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ , ɞɜɨɟ ɛɵɥɵɯ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞɱɵɤɚʆ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɩɚɤɥɚɥɿ ʆ ɬɪɚɜɭ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɿɦ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɚɟ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɚɟ ɞɡɟɞɚɜɚ ɰɟɥɚ Ɂɦɪɨɱɧɵ ɿ ɫɬɪɨɝɿ ʆɡɶɧɹʆɫɹ ɡ ɤɭɩɿɧɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɶɧɹʆ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɩɿɥɨɬɤɭ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɭ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɚɣ ɫɭɪɨɜɚɫɶɰɿ ɩɚʆɫɬɚɥɿ ɜɚɤɨɥ ɧɟɡɧɚɺɦɵɹ ɛɚɣɰɵ Ȼɨɥɶ ɿ ɡɚɰɹɬɚɹ ɫɭɪɨɜɚɫɶɰɶ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɚ ɬɜɚɪɚɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ Ⱥ ɞɡɟɞ ɰɿɯɟɧɶɤɚ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɧɚ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɡɶɜɹɪ ɧɭʆɲɵ ɞɚ ɧɟɛɚ ɫɜɨɣ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɿ ɤɚɫɦɵɥɹɜɵ ɬɜɚɪɵɤ ɿ ɧɟ ɲɬɚ ɞɨɛɪɚɟ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚɟ ɿ ɫɶɜɟɬɥɚɟ ɛɵɥɨ ʆ ɜɵɪɚɡɟ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ɡɚɩɥɸɲɱɚɧɵɯ ɜɚɱɷɣ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɞɨʆɝɚɝɚ ɦɚʆɱɚɧɶɧɹ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɥɸɞɡɹɦ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɺɧ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝ ɜɚɦ Ⱦɡɹɤɭɣɰɟ ɹɦɭ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɸ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɛɚɥɸɱɚ ɿ ɦɚɪɤɨɬɧɚ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɫɶɦɟɪɰɿ ɛɥɿɡɤɚɝɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɡ ɬɵɯ ɯɬɨ ɫɜɚɿɦɿ ɤɥɨ ɩɚɬɚɦɿ ɜɹɪɧɭʆ ɞɚ ɠɵɰɶɰɹ ɹɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɝɚ ɇɚ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɜɹɪɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɫɭɦɧɟɧɶɧɟ ʆ ɩɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɚɫɶɰɿ ʆɫɹɝɨ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɡ ɯɥɨɩɰɚɦɿ ɧɚɪɚɛɿʆ ɫɺɧɶɧɹ Ɂɚɝɿɧɭʆ ɜɨɫɶ ɞɡɟɞ ɚ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɠɵɰɶɰɹʆ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɬɚɦ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɿ ʆ ɥɟɫɟ Ⱥɥɟ ɺɧ ɭɫ ɩɨɦɧɿʆ ɬɚɞɵ ɩɪɚ ɫɜɚɟ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɿɹ ɩɚɤɭɬɵ ɩɪɚ ɥɸɞɫɤɿɹ ɛɟɞɵ ɿ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɭ ɲɬɨ ɧɚɜɿɫɥɚ ɧɚɞ ɤɪɚɿɧɚɣ ɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɟɪɚɫɬɚʆ ɫɭɦɧɹɜɚɰɰɚ Ȭɧ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚ ɬɵɯ ɲɬɨ ɜɵɪɚɬɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɚɞ ɝɚɧɶɛɵ ɿ ɡɶɞɡɟɤɭ ɩɚɥɨɧɭ ² ɝɷɬɚ ɿɯɧɹɟ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɿ ɜɨɥɸ ɚɛɚ ɪɚɧɿʆ ɞɡɟɞ ɿ ɦɧɨɝɿɹ ɬɵɹ ɲɬɨ ʆɠɨ ɧɹ ʆɡɶɧɿɦɭɰɰɚ ɡ ɞɨɥɭ Ⱦɚɪɚɝɚɹ ɰɚɧɚ Ʉɚɥɿ ɛ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɩɚɦɹɬɚɥɿ ɬɨɟ ɿ ɛɵɥɿ ʆɞɡɹɱɧɵɹ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɋɬɚɪɨɝɚ ɩɚɯɚɜɚɥɿ ɧɚ ʆɡɜɵɲɵɫɬɚɣ ɿɦɲɚɪɵɧɟ ɧɟɩɚɞɚ ɥɺɤɭ ɋɬɪɷɥɚʆ ɧɟ ɪɚɛɿɥɿ ɲɤɚɞɚɜɚɥɿ ɩɚɬɪɨɧɚʆ Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɡɚɤɿɞɚɥɿ ɧɟɝɥɵɛɨɤɭɸ ɦɚɝɿɥɤɭ ɀɭɤ ɜɵɪɚɡɚʆ ɭ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɿ ɛɹɪɨ ɡɚɜɵ ɤɚɥɨɤ ɚɛɫɬɪɭɝɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɱɚɪɧɿɥɶɧɵɦ ɚɥɨʆɤɚɦ ɧɚɩɿɫɚʆ ɧɚ ɜɿɥɶɝɨɬɧɚɣ ɚɞ ɫɨɤɭ ɞɪɚʆɧɿɧɟ ©Ɍ ɭɬ ɩɚɯɚɜɚɧɵ ɞɡɟɞ ɱɵɪ ɜɨɧɚɚɪɦɟɟɰ ɹɤɿ ɡɚɝɿɧɭʆ ɡɚ ɋɚɜɟɰɤɭɸ Ɋɚɞɡɿɦɭª Ȭɧ ɭɬɵɪ ɤɧɭʆ ɩɚɥɤɭ ʆ ɞɡɹɪɧɿɫɬɵ ɞɨɥ ɿ ɩɚɫɤɪɷɛɲɵ ɡɚɪɨɫɥɭɸ ɩɚ ɬɵɥɿɰɭ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɛ ɧɚɩɿɫɚɰɶ ɹɲɱɷ ɿ ɩɪɨɡɶɜɿɲɱɚ ɧɹɛɨɠɱɵɤɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɹɤ ɡɜɚɥɿ ɞɡɟɞɚ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ Ɍ ɚɞɵ ɺɧ ɭɡɞɵɯɧɭʆ ɿ ɩɚɛɟɝ ɧɚ ɥɭɝɚɜɿɧɭ ɞɡɟ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɫɬɪɨɿʆ ɥɸɞ ɡɟɣ ɤɚɛ ɪɭɲɵɰɶ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɭ ɰɟɦɪɭ ɧɨɱɵ ɹɤɚɹ ʆɫɺ ɲɱɵɥɶ ɧɟɣ ɚɯɿɧɚɥɚ ɩɪɚɫɬɨɪɵ Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɚɞɡɿɧɚɰɰɚɬɵ ɒɷɫɶɰɶɞɡɟɫɹɬ ɞɜɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɿ ɜɺʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɵɦɿ ɞɚɪɨɝɚɦɿ ɩɪɚɡ ɩɚɥɿ ɿ ɥɭɝɿ ɩɪɚɡ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɵɹ ɱɨɪɧɵɹ ɩɟɪɚ ɥɟɫɤɿ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɡɦɨɪɚɧɵɹ ɯɚɞɨɣ ɿ ɡɶɧɹɫɿɥɟɧɵɹ ɛɟɡ ɯɚɪɱɚ 164
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɜɚɧɶɧɹ ɩɚɫɥɭɯɦɹɧɚ ɿɲɥɿ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɡɚ ɡɝɨɪɧɭɬɵɦ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɵɦ ɫɶɰɹɝɚɦ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɚɪɨɛɧɵɦ ɞɪɷʆɤɭ ɲɬɨ ɯɿɥɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧ ɬɚɜɵɦ ɩɥɹɱɵ ² ɿɲɥɿ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɵɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɤɭɞɵ ɺɧ ɜɹɞɡɟ ɿɯ Ɂɪɷɲɬɵ ɩɵɬɚɰɰɚ ɿ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɵ ɭɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɧɚ ɧɟɛɚɫ ɯɿɥɟ ʆɫɸ ɧɨɱ ɩɚɥɚɥɿ ɩɚɥɚɯɥɿɜɵɹ ɜɨɞɛɥɿɫɤɿ ɞɚɥɺɤɚɝɚ ɛɨɸ ² ɤɨɪɚɬɤɚ ɩɵɯɚɥɿ ɝɚɫɶɥɿ ɭɡɝɚɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɧɨɜɵɦ ɡɚɩɚɥɚɦ ɞɪɵɠɷɥɿ ɯɜɚɪɚɜɿɬɵɦ ɧɟɪɜɨɜɵɦ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɨɦ ɹɤɨɟ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚ ɫɹ ɜɨɫɶ ɜɨɫɶ ɡɚɝɚɪɵɰɰɚ ɜɚ ʆɫɸ ɫɿɥɭ ɿ ɚɫɶɜɟɰɿɰɶ ɧɨɱ Ɂɧɨʆ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɚɛ¶ɹʆɥɹɸɱɵɫɹ ɧɿɤɨɦɭ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɿ ɚɞ ɤɚɝɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɬɪɚɛɭɸɱɵ ɿ ɧɟ ɜɵɬɥɭɦɚɱɜɚɸɱɵ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɫɬɚʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚɦ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɪɚɡɭ ɦɟʆ ɲɬɨ ɩɪɵɱɵɧɚɣ ɬɚɦɭ ² ɧɟ ɹɝɨɧɵɹ ɧɟɣɤɿɹ ɹɤɚɫɶɰɿ ² ɪɨɡɭɦ ɰɿ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɚɟ ʆɦɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɧɹ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɡ ɿɧɲɵɦɿ ɪɚɬɚɜɚʆ ɿɯ ɍɫɹ ɩɪɵɱɵɧɚ ɹɝɨɧɚɝɚ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɫɬɜɚ ɛɵɥɚ ʆ ɬɵɦ ɫɶɰɹɝɭ ɡ ɹɤɿɦ ɺɧ ɬɚɞɵ ʆɫɤɚɥɵɯɧɭʆ ɧɚɬɨʆɩ ɡ ɹɤɿɦ ɡɶɛɿɪɚʆ ɞɚ ɚɞɧɚɟ ɝɪɚɦɚɞɵ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ , ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɟ ɫɯɚɜɚʆ ɹɝɨ ʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɦɹɲɷɱɚɤ ɚ ɩɪɵɥɚɞɡɿʆɲɵ ɞɪɷʆ ɤɚ ɭɡɶɧɹʆ ɧɚɞ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɞɭɦɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɿ ɦɟɧɟɣ ɛɨ ɿɯɧɹɹ ɫɿɥɚ ɤɭɞɵ ɩɚɛɨɥɶɲɚɥɚ ȼɹɞɨɦɚ ɲɬɨ ɱɚ ɥɚɜɟɤɭ ɫɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɚɦ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɹ ɜɟɪɵɰɶ ɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɜɟɪɵɥɿ ɹɦɭ ɿɲɥɿ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɿ ɺɧ ɡ ɭɫɹɟ ɫɿɥɵ ɿɦɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɟ ɚɲɭɤɚɰɶ ɿɯ ɞɚɜɟɪɭ. ɉɨɛɚɱ ɡ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺɦ ɿɲɨʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɜɵɩɪɚɜɿʆ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ ɭ ɹɤɚɫɶɰɿ ɞɚɡɨɪɚ ɤɚɛ ɧɹ ɬɪɚɩɿɰɶ ɭ ɹɤɭɸ ɩɚɫɬɤɭ Ⱥ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɡɚ ɿɦɿ ɲɚɜɹɥɿɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɡɦɪɨɤɭ ɤɚɥɨɧɚ ɥɸɞ ɡɟɣ ɹɤɿɹ ɩɚɡɶɛɟɝɥɿ ɩɚɝɿɛɟɥɿ ɿ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɫɬɚɥɿ ɛɚɣɰɚɦɿ ɉɚ ɥɚɜɿɧɚ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɧɹ ɦɟɥɚ ɡɛɪɨɿ Ɍ ɵɹ ɬɪɵɰɰɚɰɶ ɚʆɬɚ ɦɚɬɚʆ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɚɣ ɫɭɬɵɱɰɵ ɚɞɚɛɪɚɥɿ ʆ ɝɿɬɥɟɪɚʆɰɚʆ ɚɩɵɧɭɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɫɶɦɟɥɵɯ ɿ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɞɭɠɵɯ ² ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɦɟʆ ɜɹɥɿɤɭɸ ɧɚɞɡɟɸ ɧɚ ɿɯ Ⱥɫɬɚɬɧɿɹ ɛɵɥɿ ɫɥɚɛɵɹ ɦɧɨɝɿɹ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵɹ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɫɩɵɧɿɰɰɚ ɧɚɤɚɪɦɿɰɶ ɝɚ ɥɨɞɧɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɩɟɪɚɜɹɡɚɰɶ ɪɚɧɵ ɪɚɡɶɦɟɪɤɚɜɚɰɶ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɤɭɸ ɤɨɥɶɤɚɫɶɰɶ ɛɨɟɩɪɵɩɚɫɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɡɚɯɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɿɯ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɞɪɵɯɬɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɹɧɵ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɧɚɛɥɿɠɚɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɮɪɨɧ ɬɭ ɚ ɩɟɪɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɹɝɨ ɡ ɝɷɬɤɚɣ ɝɪɚɦɚɞɨɣ ɛɹɡ ɛɨɣɤɿ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɧɟɦɚɝɱɵɦɚ Ȼɥɵɬɚɧɵɹ ɩɚɥɹɜɵɹ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɤɿ ɿ ɥɟɫɚɜɵɹ ɞɚɪɨɠɤɿ ɡɚ ɧɨɱ ɡɚɜɹɥɿ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɭ ɧɟɣɤɭɸ ɛɹɫɤɨɧɰɭɸ ɡɚɛɚɥɨɱɚɧɭɸ ɝɥɭ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɯɚɦɚɧɶ ɍɠɨ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɱɚɫɭ ɿɲɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɰɹɝɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɩɚ ɛɚɤɚɯ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɿ ɟɥɶɧɿɤ ɿɦɲɚɪɵɧɵ Ƚɚɞɡɿɧɵ ɡ ɞɡɶɜɟ ɞɚʆ ɠɷɡɧɚɣ ɜɭɠɚɤɚɣ ɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɿɦɿ ɜɭɡɟɧɶɤɚɹ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɤɚ Ʌɸɞɫɤɿɹ ɧɨɝɿ ʆɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɝɪɭɡɶɥɿ ʆ ɦɹɤɤɿɦ ɞɨɥɟ ɧɚɛɿɪɚɥɿ ɜɚɞɵ ɞɡɿɪɚɜɵɹ ɩɚɞɷɲɜɵ ɑɚɫɚɦ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɱɧɚ ɫɭɧɭɰɰɚ ʆ ɡɚɩɥɵʆɲɭɸ ɪɠɚɜɚɣ ɦɭɰɶɰɸ ɞɪɵɝɜɭ ɹɤɚɹ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɬɪɵɦɚɥɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ Ⱥɥɟ ɜɹɪɬɚɰɰɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɭɞɵ ɚ ɪɚɬɭ ɧɚɤ ɛɵʆ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɇɚ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɚɣ ɥɹɫɧɨɣ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɧɚɩɚɬɤɚɥɚ ɿɯ ɰɺɩɥɚɹ ɡɚ ɞɭɦɥɿɜɚɹ ɪɚɧɿɰɚ ɇɟɞɡɟ ɡɚ ɲɷɪɵɦɿ ɯ ɦɚɪɚɦɿ ɰɿɯɟɧɶɤɚ ʆɡɶɧɹ ɥɨɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɟɛɚɫɯɿɥ ɧɹɛɚɱɧɚɟ ɫɨɧɰɚ Ɍ ɪɚɜɚ ɿ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤ ɡ ɧɨɱɵ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɫɭɯɿɹ ɛɟɡ ɪɚɫɵ ɧɿɡɤɚ ɧɚɞ ɞɚɪɨɝɚɣ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɥɿ ɿɦɤɥɿɜɵɹ ɥɚɫɬɚʆɤɿ ɍɫɟ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɬɵ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɚ ɞɨɠɞɠ ɚɥɟ ɺɧ ɡɶɛɿɪɚʆɫɹ ɧɟɹɤ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɧɟɚɯɜɨɬɧɚ , ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɭ ɱɭɣɧɚɣ ɪɚɧɿɲɧɹɣ ɰɿɲɵ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɝɥɭɯɚ ɝɪɭɤɧɭɥɚ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɿ ɝɥɵɛɨɤɚ ɚɞ ɞɚɥɨɫɹ ʆ ɡɹɦɥɿ əɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɡɚɤɚɰɿɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɥɹɫɚɯ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɚɟ ɪɷɯɚ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɝɪɵɦɨɬɵ ɹɤ ɡɚ ɺɣ ɪɚɡɞɚɥɚɫɹ ɞɪɭɝɚɹ ɿ ɬɪɷɰɹɹ ɇɟ ʆɡɚɛɚ ɜɟ ɞɚɥɺɤɿɹ ɝɭɤɿ ɡɶɥɿɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɧɹɪ ɨʆɧɵ ɩɪɵɝɥɭɲɚɧɵ ɝɪɭɤɚɬ ² ɇɟɞɡɟ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² Ʉɿɥɚɦɟɬɪɚʆ ɡ ɩɹɰɶɞɡɹɫɹɬ ɧɹ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɇɟɯɬɚ ʆ ɤɚɥɨɧɟ ɚɡɜɚʆɫɹ ʆɡɪɭɲɚɧɵɦ ɪɚɞɚɫɧɵɦ ɝɨɥɚ ɫɚɦ ² Ƚɷɬɚ ɠ ɧɚɲɵ ɝɚʆɛɿɰɵ ɛ¶ɸɰɶ Ⱦɚɥɿɛɨɝ ɝɚʆɛɿɰɵ ɍɠɨ ɿɯɧɿɹ ɫɬɪɷɥɵ ɹ ɞɡɟ ɯɨɱɚɲ ɩɚɡɧɚɸ əɧɵ ɹɧɵ ɲɵɛɭɸɰɶ Ɋɨɞɧɵɹ ɑɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɩɥɚɤɚʆ ɚɞ ɪɚɞɚɫɶɰɿ ² Ɇɨɠɚ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɚɸɰɶ" ² Ʌɚɞɧɚ ɞɚɸɰɶ ɮɚɲɵɡɦɭ Ⱥ ɹ ɹɣ ɝɥɹɞɡɿ ɬɵ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɦɟɪɤɚɜɚʆ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɧɚɝɥɟɞɡɟɰɶ ɞɡɟ ɡɪɭɱɧɚɟ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɤɚɛ ɚɞɩɚɱɵɰɶ ɿ ɩɚɞɫɿɥɤɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɚɥɟ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɧɟ ɞɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɉɚ ɫɚɛɟ ɿ ɩɚ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɸ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɺɧ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɲɬɨ ɧɿ ʆ ɤɚɝɨ ɧɹ ɫɬɚɧɟ ɫɿɥ ɫɬɪɵɦɚɰɰɚ ɿ ɩɚɝɚɪɞɠɚɸɱɵ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟ ɤɚɣ ɩɪɵɞɡɟɰɰɚ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ Ⱦɚɪɨɝɚ ɤɿɪɚɜɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɩɚʆɞɧɺ ɜɵ ʆɫɯɨɞ ɚ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɝɭɤɿ ɧɟɫɶɥɿɫɹ ɚɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɡɛɨɤɭ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɪɚɲɵʆ ɲɬɨ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɧɹɦɚ ɱɚɝɨ ɬɪɵɦɚɰɰɚ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɤɚɥɿ ɝ ɷɬɚɤ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɠɚɞɚɧɚɹ ɦɚɪɚ ɿɯɧɹɝɚ ɩɚɯɨ ɞɭ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɨʆɧɵ ɿɦɤɥɿɜɚɣ ɩɪɵʆɡɶɧɹɬɚɫɶɰɿ ɩ ɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɡ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ʆ ɛɥɵɬɚɧɵ 166
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ɲɨɥɚɯ ɿɥɶɧɹɧɨɣ ɧɿɜɵ ɇɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ʆ ɥɺɧ ɡɛɨɱɵʆ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɹɤɿ ɿɲɨʆ ɧɚ ɱɚɥɟ ɞɚɡɨɪɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɥɸɞɫɤɨɟ ɲɱɚɫɶɰɟ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɧɹ ɫɩɪɚʆɞɡɿɰɰɚ ɬɚɤ ɯɭɬ ɤɚ ɹɤ ɝɷɬɚ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɭ ɇɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɞɧɟɥɚ ɭɡɶ ɧɹɥɨɫɹ ɫɨɧɰɚ ɿ ɡɶɧɿɤɥɿ ɫɭɰɿɲɵɥɿɫɹ ɧɿɛ ɵ ɪɚɫɬɜɚɪɵɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɟ ɧɨɜɚ ɝɚ ɞɧɹ ɠɚɞɚɧɵɹ ɝɭɤɿ Ɂɧɨʆ ɥɟɬɧɹɹ ɰɿɲɵ ɧɹ Ⱦɡɟɧɶ ɜɵɞɚ ʆɫɹ ɜɟɬɪɚɧɵ ɧɚ ɧɟɛɟ ɿɦɤɥɿɜɚ ɩɥɵɥɿ ɪɷɞ ɤɿɹ ɯɦɭɪɵɧɤɿ ɩɹɤɥɨ ɫɨɧɰɚ ɿ ɧɟɫɶɥɿɫɹ ɧ ɚɞ ɩɪɚɫɬɨɪɚɦɿ ɞɭɯɦɹɧɵɹ ɩɚɯɿ ɞɚɫɶɩɟɥɚɣ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɵ ɚ ɥɸɞɫɤɨɦɭ ɩɚɞɚ ɪɨɠɠɭ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɚɧɰɚ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɿɲɥɿ ɛɟɡ ɞɚɪɨɝ ɧɚʆɩɪɚɫɬɤɿ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɩɚɥɿ ɥɭ ɠɤɿ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɿ ȼɨɫɶ ɜɨɫɶ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɡɶɹ ɜɹɰɰɚ ɡ ɡɚ ɩɚɝ ɨɪɤɚ ɹʆɧɵɹ ɚɞɡɧɚɤɿ ɛɥɿɡɤɚɫ ɶɰɿ ɜɨɣɫɤɚ ɰɿ ɝɪɵɦɧɭɰɶ ɚɞɤɭ ɥɶ ɡɧɚɺɦɵɹ ɡɚɥɩɵ ɮɪɚɧɬɚɜɵɯ ɛɚɬɚɪɷɣ ɚ ɬɚɦ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɠɚɞɚɧɚɹ ɫɭɫɬɪɷɱɚ Ɂɧɨʆ ɧɚɩɪɭɠɚɧɚɟ ɧɟʆɬɚɣ ɦɚɜɚɧɚɟ ɱɚɤɚɧɶɧɟ ɬɚɤ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɡɶɜɟɞɚɧɚɟ ʆ ɞɧɿ ɚɞɡɿɧɨɬɵ ɭɫɺ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɡɚɯ ɚɩɥɹɥɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɍɫɶɥɟɞ ɡɚ ɩɨɡɿɪɤɚɦ ɹɤ ɦɚɝɚ ɯɭɬɱɷɣ ɤɪɨɱɵɥɿ ɧɨɝɿ ɭɡɶɧɺɫɥɚɹ ʆɩ ɚɪɬɚɫɶɰɶ ɜɨɥɿ ɩɚɞɚɜɿɥɚ ɫɬɨɦɭ ² ɭɫɺ ɿɦɤɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ Ɂ ɡɚɞɭ ɡɚ ɯɥɨɩ ɰɚɦ ɝɷɬɚɤ ɠɚ ɧɚɫɬɵɪɧɚ ɩɚɪɭɲɵʆɲɵ ɫɬɪɨ ɣ ɡ ɡɚɰɹɬɚɣ ɭɩɚɪɬ ɚɫɶɰɸ ɧɚ ɬɜɚɪɚɯ ɥɟɡɶɥɿ ɩ ɪɚɡ ɩɚɫɟ ɜɵ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɵɹ ɝɪɭɩɵ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ Ⱥɩɨʆɞɧɿ ɚɞɩɚɱɵɥɿ ʆ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɿ Ɂɦɨɪɚɧɵɹ ɡɚ ɲɦɚɬ ɝɚɞɡɿɧ ɯɚɞɡɶɛɵ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɚ ɹɤ ɦɟɪɰɶɜɹɤɿ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ʆ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɉɚɫɬɚɜɿʆɲɵ ʆ ɫɶɰɸɞɡɺɧɭɸ ɜɚɞɭ ɧɚɬɪɭɞɠɚɧɵɹ ɛɨɫɵɹ ɧɨɝɿ ɭ ɦɚɪɤɨɰɟ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚɞ ɪɭɱɚɺɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɦɹɫɶɰɿʆ ɫɹ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɤɭɪɵʆ ɿ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɍɝɚɪɵ ɝɭɥɿ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɹ ɩɿɤɿɪɨʆɲ ɱɵɤɿ ɩɚ ɤɪɚɿ ɧɟɛɚ ɦɿɠ ɜɨɛɥɚɤɚʆ ɩɥɵɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞ ɰɹɠɤɿɹ ɚɞ ɲɦɚɬɬɨɧɧɚɝɚ ɝɪɭɡɭ ɛ ɨɦɛ ɇɚɡɚɞ ɜɹɪɬɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɿɡɤɚ ɚɩɭɫɶɰɿʆɲɵɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɡɹɦɥɺɣ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɫɩɚɱɚɬɤɭ ʆɫɯɨɩɥɿɜɚ ɥɿɫɹ ɡɚɞɡɿɪɚɥɿ ɝɚɥɨɜɵ ɞɭɦɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɧɚɲɵ ɚ ɡɚ ɬɵɦ ɪɚɫɱɚɪɚɜɚʆɲɵɫɹ ʆ ɧɚɞɡɟɿ ɧɟ ɜɵɥɹɡɚɥɿ ɡ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɉɪɚɡ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɭ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ ɪɭɲɵɥɿ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɇɚɞɜɹɱɨɪɤɚɦ ɤɚɥɨɧɚ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɪɚɫɶɰɹɝɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɩɚ ɥɚɝɱɵɧɟ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɜɹɥɿɡɧɚɟ ɩɨɥɟ ɩɚɥɺɝɲɚɣ ɩɲɚɧɿɰɵ Ɂɛɨɤɭ ɚɞ ɿɯɧɹɝɚ ɲɥɹɯɭ ʆ ɡɟɥɹɧɿɧɟ ɞɪɷʆ ɯɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɫɬɪɷɯɿ ɯɭɬɚɪɚ ² ɬɭɞɵ, ɡɚɯɿɧɭɬɚɹ ɩɲɚɧɿɰɚɣ, ɜɹɥɚ ʆɬɚɩɬɚɧɚɹ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɤɚ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɛɵʆ ɛɚɱɧɵ ɦɚɥɚɞɵ ɫɚɫɨɧɶɧɿɤ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɧɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɭ ɫɿɧɟʆ ɯɜɚɺɜɵ ɥɟɫ ɭ ɹɤɿ ɡɞɚɥɺɤɭ ɹɲɱɷ ɤɿɪɚɜɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɇɚʆɤɨɥɚ ɪɚɫɶɫɶɰɿɥɚɥɚɫɹ ɚɞɤɪɵɬɚɹ ɦɹɫɰɨɜɚɫɶɰɶ ɿ ɉɹɬ ɪɭɫɶ ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɧɹ ʆɛɚɱɵʆɲɵ ɞɚɡɨɪɭ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɩɚ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɲɵ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɚɥɟ ɪɚɡɜɚɠɵʆɲɵ ɲɬɨ ɫɬɚɪ ɲɵɧɚ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɤ ɥɟɫɭ ɩɚɦɚɥɭ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɭɧɿɡ ȱɫɶɰɿ ɧɚʆɩɪɚɫɬɤɿ ɩɪɚɡ ɩɲɚɧɿɰɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɧɟɚɞɱɷɩɧɚ ɛɥɵɬɚ ɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɧɚɝɚɯ ɹɟ ɞɪɚɰɹɧɵɹ ɫɶɰɹɛɥɵ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɚʆ ɹɤɭɸ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɤɭ ɤɚɛ ɫɤɿɪɚɜɚɰɶ ɬɭɞɵ Ɂɝɨɪɧɭɬɵ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɬɪɵɦɚʆ ɩɚɞɩɚɯɚɣ ɧɚ ɫɩɚɬɧɟɥɚɣ ɝɚɪɚɱɚɣ ɫɶɩɿɧɟ ɦɭɥɹʆ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɿɲɨʆ ɫɶɥɟɞɚɦ Ⱦɚ ɥɟɫɭ ʆɠɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɤɚɥɿ ɬɚɦ ɧɚ ʆɡɶɥɟɫɤɭ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭɥɿ ɧɟɣɤɿɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɿ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɸ ɡɞɚɥɨɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɿɯɧɿ ɞɚɡɨɪ ɿ ɺɧ ɡ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɝɚɣ ɩɪɚɞɚʆɠɚʆ ɯɚɞɡɶɛɭ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɇɭɩ ɪɷɟʆ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵʆ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɧɚ ɬɵɦ ɭɡɶɥɟɫɤɭ ɿ ɤɪɚɧɭʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɡɚ ɥɨɤɚɰɶ əɧɵ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɿɫɹ ɡɚ ɿɦɿ ɩɪɵɰɿɯɥɚ ɤɚ ɥɨɧɚ ɭɫɟ ɫɬɚɥɿ ɿ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɚ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ʆ ɫɚɫɨɧɶɧɿɤ , ɬɚɞɵ ɥɸɬɚɹ ɝɚɥɚɫɿɫɬɚɹ ɱɚɪɝɚ ʆɞɚɪɵɥɚ ɡ ɥɟɫɭ ɇɟɞɡɟ ʆ ɧɟɛɟ ɧɚɞ ɝɚɥɨɜɚɦɿ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɩɚɧɟɫɶɥɿɫɹ ɱɚɪɨɞɵ ɤɭɥɶ ɚɞɧɚ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɡ ɪɵɤɚɲɷɬɚ ɠɚɥɚɫɧɚ ɜɿɫɤɧɭɥɚ ɿ ɡɶɧɿɤɥɚ ʆɞɚɥɟɱɵɧɿ ɇɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɲɬɨ ɚɞɛɵɥɨɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɡɝɚɞɚʆɲɵ ɫɶɦɹɪ ɬɷɥɶɧɭɸ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɭ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɫɤɚɦɚɧɞɚɜɚʆ ɥɸɞɡɹɦ ² Ʌɚɠɵɫɹ ɍɫɟ ɞɪɭɠɧɚ ɩɚɩɚɞɚɥɿ ʆ ɩɲɚɧɿɰɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɪɵɫɟʆ ɿ ʆɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɫɹ ʆ ɫɚɫɨɧɶɧɿɤ ɱɚɤɚɸɱɵ ʆɛɚɱɵɰɶ ɬɚɦ ɹɤɭɸ ɪɚɡ ɝɚɞɤɭ ɬɚɟ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɧɿɧɵ Ⱦɚ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɞɩɨʆɡ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɿ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɭ ɛɨɤ ɥɟɫɭ ² Ⱥ ɞɡɟ ɠ ɞɚɡɨɪ" ² ɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɯɜɚɥɸɸɱɵɫɹ ɡɚ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɚɞɤɚɡɚʆ ɹɦɭ Ȭɧ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɞ ɬɚɤɿɦ ɚɝɧɺɦ ɹɧɵ ɧɹ ʆɥɟɠɚɰɶ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɤ ɩɪɚɡ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɯɜɿɥɿɧ ɿɯ ɭɫɿɯ ɞɚ ɚɞɧɚɝɨ ɩɟɪɚɛ¶ɸɰɶ ɭ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɩɲɚɧɿɰɵ Ⱥɞɡɿ ɧɵɦ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɟɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɞɚɰɰɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɡɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɚɤ ɬɚɦ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɵɪɚɬɚɜɚɧɶɧɟ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɩɹɤɟɥɶɧɚɝɚ ɲɤɜɚɥɶɧɚɝɚ ɚɝɧɸ Ⱥɯɨɩɥɟɧɵ ɬɪɵɜɨɝɚɣ ɡɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɡ ɩɲɚɧɿ ɰɵ ɿ ɩɟɪɚɦɚɝɚɸɱɵ ɝɪɭɤɚɬ ɫɬɪɷɥɚʆ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɛɚɣɰɚɦ ² Ʉɚɪɨɬɤɿɦɿ ɩɟɪɚɛɟɠɤɚɦɿ ² ɡɚ ɛɭɝɨɪ Ȭɇ ɫɚɦ ɫɿɝɚɧɭʆ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɲɩɚɪɤɿɯ ɲɵɪɨɤɿɯ ɤɪɨɤɚʆ ɿ ʆɩɚʆ ʆ ɩɲɚɧɿɱɧɵ ɝɭɲɱɚɪ ɞɚɸɱɵ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɩɪɵɤɥɚɞ ɹɤ ɛɟɝ 168
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ɱɵ ɿɧɲɵɦ Ⱥ ɧɟɦɰɵ ʆɠɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɰɿɥɿ ɝɪɭɩɭ ɿ ɞɨ ɫɵɰɶ ɬɪɚɩɧɚ ɥɭɩɿɥɿ ʆ ɩɲɚɧɿɰɭ ɇɟɯɬɚ ɧɟɩɚɞɚɥɺɤɭ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ɤɥɿɤɚʆ ɧɟɣɤɚɝɚ ȼɚɧɸ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɥɚɹʆɫɹ ʆɞɚɥɟɱɵɧɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɪɚɡ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɡɧɨʆ ɭɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɿ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɜɵɥɚɹʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɡɥɨɫɶɰɿ ɿ ɪɨɫɩɚɱɵ Ȼɚɣɰɵ ɬɪɚɩɿʆɲɵ ɩɚɞ ɩɪɵɰɷɥɶɧɵ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɧɟ ɯɚɰɟɥɿ ɬɪɵɦɚɰɰɚ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɿɥ ɚ ɭɡɶɧɹʆ ɲɵɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɨɣ ɲɵɛɚɜɚɥɿ ɡɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɤ ɭɫɺɣ ɩɚʆɫɨ ɰɟɧɧɚɣ ɝ ɪɚɦɚɞɨɣ ©ɉɟɪɚɛ¶ɸɰɶ ɩɟɪɚɛ¶ɸɰɶ ɭɫɿɯ ª ² ɠɚɯ ɧɭʆɫɹ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɚɞ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚɣ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɇɚɩɹʆɲɵɫɹ ɫɿɥɚɣ ɿ ɡɥɨɫɶɰɸ ɺɧ ɩɚɛɟɝ ɿ ɧɹ ɞɛɚɸɱɵ ʆɠɨ ɩɪɚ ʆɥɚɫɧɭɸ ɛɹɫɶɩɟ ɤɭ ɥɸɬɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɧɚ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ² Ʌɚɠɵɫɹ Ʌɚɠɵɫɹ ² ɡɚɫɬɪɷɥɸ ² ɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɺɧ ɞɚɝɚ ɧɹɸɱɵ ɡɚɞɧɿɯ Ɍ ɵɹ ɛɚɹɡɶɥɿɜɚ ɚɡɿɪɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɟɫ ɧɚ ɫɟɪ ɠɚɧɬɚ ɿ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɪɚɲɭɱɚɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚɜɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɛɨ ɹɧɵ ɫɚ ɫɬɪɚɯɚɦ ɚɥɟ ɩɚɫɥɭɯɦɹɧɚ ɩɚɩɚɞɚɥɿ ʆ ɩɲɚɧɿɰɭ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɺɧ ɞɚɝɧɚʆ ɿɧɲɵɯ ɿ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɩɚɤɥɚʆ ɿɯ ² Ʉɚɪɨɬɤɿɦɿ ɩɟɪɚɛɟɠɤɚɦɿ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ ɇɚʆɤɨɥɚ ʆ ɲɚɥɺɧɵɦ ɥɺɰɟ ɡɵʆɤɚɥɿ ɤɭɥɿ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɵ ɧɚ ʆɡɶɥɟɫɤɭ ɚɠ ɡɚɯɥɿɩɚɥɿɫɹ ɚɞ ɥɸɬɚɫɶɰɿ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚɡɚɞ ² ɧɿɯɬɨ ɿɯ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɧɟ ɩɪɚɫɶɥɟɞɚɜɚʆ ɧɿɡɿɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɭɫɬɚɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆ ɥɺɝɤɿɯ ɯɜɚɥɹɯ ɝɨɣɞɚɥɿɫɹ ɩɲɚɧɿɱɧɵɹ ɩɪɚɫɶɰɹɝɿ ɉɟɪɚɛɟɠɤɚɦɿ ɿ ɩɚʆɡɤɨɦ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɞɚɫɹɝɚɥɿ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɩɚ ɚɞɧɚɦɭ ʆɫɤɨɤɜɚɸɱɵ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɞɚ ɤɭɫɶɰɿɫɬɚɝɚ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤɭ ɲɬɨ ɧɟɩɚɞɚɥɺɤɭ ɡɟɥɹɧɟʆ ɭ ɩɲɚɧɿɰɵ Ɍ ɭɬ ɭɠɨ ɤɭɥɿ ɛɵɥɿ ɧɹ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɵɹ Ɂɚɬɭɥɟɧɵɹ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚɦ, ɛɚɣɰɵ ɜɵɲɥɿ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɿ Ⱥɥɟ ɬɭɬ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿɥɚ ɿ ɡɶɛɹɧɬɷɠɵ ɥɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɉɚ ɩɲɚɧɿɱɧɚɦɭ ɩɨɥɸ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɯ ɭɬɚɪɚ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɬɪɨɟ ɹɝɨ ɞɚ ɡɨɪɧɵɯ ɿ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ʆɫɿɯ ɧɹɪɨʆɧɵɦ ɧɟɣɤɿɦ ɡɶɧɹɫɿɥɟɧɵɦ ɤɪɨɤɚɦ ɫɿɝɚʆ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɧɿɹɤ ɧɹ ɰɹɦɹɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɚɞɛɵɥɨɫɹ ɇɚ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɺɧ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɪɚɞɚɫɶɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɠɵɜɵɹ ɚɥɟ ɡɚɬɵɦ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɛɚɥɸɱɚɹ ɩɚɞɚɡɪɨɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɚɯɚɩɿɥɚ ɹɝɨ Ȭɧ ɭɠɨ ɧɟ ɩɚɣɲɨʆ ɤɭɞɵ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɚ ɧɚ ɤɿɪɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɫɭɫɬɪɚɱ ɞɚɡɨɪɭ ɍ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɵ ɚɞ ɛɟɝɭ ɫɤɪɵɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɞɡɹɝɚ ɡ ɤɚɛɭɪɨɣ ɫɩɚʆ ɡɥɚ ɧɚ ɛɨɤ ɫɩɪɚɠɤɚ ɦɭɧɞɡɿɪ ɛɵʆ ɪɚɫɲɩɿɥɟɧɵ ɱɭɛ ɪɚɫ ɬɪɨɫɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɫɬɚɜɚɥɨɫɚɣ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɿ ɱɨɪɧɵɹ ɜɨɱɵ ɝɚɪɷɥɿ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɧɹɥɸɞɫɤɿɦ ɜɚɪ¶ɹɰɤɿɦ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɫɹ ʆ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɜɨɱɵ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɰɿʆ ɧɹɪɨʆɧɵ ɤɪɨɤ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɿ ɹɝɨ ɫɤɚ ɥɚɧɭɥɚ ɧɟɱɚɥɚɜɟɱɚɹ ɥɸɬɚɫɶɰɶ ² əɤ ɹɤ ɬɵ ɚɞɜɚɠɵʆɫɹ ɡɥɚɞɡɸɝɚ""" ² Ⱥɯ ɱ ɨɪɬ ɯɚɥɟɪɚ ɧɚ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɤɭ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɚɣ ɹɣ ² ɩɟ ɪɚɰɹɬɵɦ ɝɨɥɚɫɚɦ ɜɵɤɪɵɤɜɚʆ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɿ ɧɟɜɿɞɭɲɱɵɦɿ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ɥɵɩɚʆ ɩɚ ɚɛɲɚɪɚɯ Ȭɧ ɛ ɵʆ ɩ¶ɹɧɵ ² Ɇɚɪɲ ² ɞɡɿɤɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɿ ɡ ɲɚɥɺɧɚɣ ɫɿɥɚɣ ɲɬ ɭɪɯɚ ɧɭʆ ɹɝɨ ʆ ɤɚɪɲɷɧɶ ² Ɇɚɪ ɲ ɚ ɞ ɧɚ ɫ ɚɝɿɞɚ ɡɞɪɚɞɧɿɤ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɩɚɯɿɫɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɹɞɨɛɪɚ ɛɥɿɫɧɭʆ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ɿ ɯ ɿɫɬɤɚ ɤɪɨɱɚɱɵ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɞɡɟ ʆɠɨ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ Ɂɚ ɿɦ ɧɹɫɶɦɟɥɚ ɩɚɣɲɥɿ ɞɜɨɟ ɞɚɡɨɪɧɵɯ Ȼɚɣɰɵ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɭ ɠɨ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɿ ʆɫɺ ɿ ɫɚɛɪɚʆɲɵɫɹ ʆ ɝɭɪɬ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɿ ɿ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ² ɡɦɨɪɚɧɵɹ ɡɥɨɫɧɵɹ ɿ ɩɚɧɵɥɵɹ Ɍ ɭɬ ɠɚ ʆ ɡɚɫɟɧɿ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵɹ ɞɜɨɟ ɛɿɧɬɚɜɚɥɿ ɬɪɷ ɰɹɦɭ ɝɨɥɭɸ ɚɤɪɵɜɚʆɥɟɧɭɸ ɫɶɩɿɧɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡ ɛɨɥɟɦ ɭ ɫɷɪɰɵ ɚɤɿɧɭʆ ɩɨɡɿɪɤɚɦ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ² ɫɚɛɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɧɹ ʆɫɟ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɦɧɨɝɿɹ ʆɠɨ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɧɹ ɩɪɵɣɞɭɰɶ ɫɸɞɵ ² ɒɬɨ ɧɚɪɚɛɿɥɿ ɫɜɨɥɚɱɵ ² ɝɷɬɤɿɦ ɤɪɵɤɚɦ ɫɭɫɬɪɷʆ ɿɯ ɦɚɥɚɞɵ ɯɥɚɩɟɰ ɡ ɝɨɥɵɦ ɩɟɪɚɜɹɡɚɧɵɦ ɭɠɨ ɱɵɦ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ɩɥɹɱɨɦ ² Ƚɚɞɵ Ⱦɡɟ ɛ ɵɥɿ" ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɿ ɧɹʆɰɹɦɧɵɦɿ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ɩ ɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɧɚ ɫɤɪɵʆɥɟɧɵɹ ɚɞ ɡɥɨɫɶɰɿ ɿ ɧɹɧɚɜɿɫɶɰɿ ɬɜɚ ɪɵ Ʉɭɞɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɡɶɧɿɤɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɡɭɯɚɜɚɬɚɫɶɰɶ ɫɩɪɵɬ ɿ ɝɨɧɚɪ Ⱦɚ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɞɫɤɨɱɵɥɿ ɞɜɨ ɟ ɿɪɜɚɧɭɥɿ ɡɚ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɡɚ ɦɭɧɞɡɿɪ ɭɞɚ ɪɵɥɿ ɩɚɜɚɥɿɥɿ ɧɚ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɩɹɪ ɷɞɠɜɚɸɱɵ ɪɚɫ ɩɪɚɜɭ ɡɚɤɪɵɱɚ ʆ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɿɥɿɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɿɯ ɬɪɷɫɥɚ ɡɥɨɫɶɰɶ ɉɚɫɬɭɩɨɜɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɫɭɧɹʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɿ ɩɚɦɹɬɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɪɭɯɚɰɰɚ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɩɚɞɚʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɭ ɫɬɪɨɿɰɰɚ ɉɚ ɤɭɥɶ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɹɤ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ɥɚɞɤɚɜɚɥɿ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵɯ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɦɚɝɥɿ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɫɚɦɿ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɡɶɛɿɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɩɨɥɹ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɞɥɿɱɵʆ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ² ɧɟ ɯɚɩɚɥɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ Ƚɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɚ əɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɞɚɫɹɝɧɭʆɲɵ ɮɪɨɧɬɚ ɡɚ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɯɜɿɥɿɧ ɫɬɪɚɰɿɰɶ ɚɦɚɥɶ ɚɞɧɭ ɬɪɷɰɶ ɫɤɥɚɞɭ ɚ ɲɬɨ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɞɚɥɟɣ" , ɪɚɩɬɚɦ ɹɝɨ ɞɭɦ ɤɚ ɩɟɪɚɦɹɠɵɥɚɫɹ ɿɧɲɚɣ ² ɱɚɦɭ ɧɟ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚ" Ȭɧ ɠɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɛɵʆ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɚ ɛɟɝ ɭ ɥɚɝɱɵɧɟ ɡɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɦ ɍɫ 170
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ɬɪɵɜɨɠɚɧɵ ɧɹɞɨɛɪɵɦ ɩɪɚɞɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɟɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɿɪɜɚɧɭʆ ɫɹ ɡ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɫɸɞɵ ɬɭɞɵ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚ ɿ ɀɭɤɚ ɧɿɞɡɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ² ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɞɡɟ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ" Ⱥɥɟ ɧɿɯɬɨ ɧ ɹ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɹɝɨ ɭ ɫɟ ɚɡɿɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɲɭɤɚɥɿ ɩɨ ɡɿɪɤɚɦɿ ɞɵ ɞɚɪɦɚ ɉɪɚ ʆɞɚ ɡ ɩɲɚɧɿɱɧɚɝɚ ɩɨɥɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɿɲɥɿ ɚɩɨɲɧɿɹ ɩɚɪɚɧ ɟɧɵɹ ɩ ɪɵɣɲɨʆ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɛɚɟɰ ɡ ɪɚɡ ɞɪɨɛ ɥɟɧɚɣ ɫɤɿɜɿɰ ɚɣ ɯɭ ɞɵ ɬɜɚɪ ɹɝɨ ɤɪɵɜɿʆɫ ɹ ɚɞ ɧ ɹɫɶ ɰɟɪɩɧ ɚɝɚ ɛɨɥɸ ɛɥɿɫɤɚɥɿ ɝɧɟɜɚɦ ɜɨɱɵ ɚɥɟ ɺɧ ɧɿɱɨ ɝɚ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɫɤɚɡɚɰ ɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɦɵɱɷʆ ɩɚ ɡɶɜɹɪ ɵɧɚɦɭ ɪɨɫɩɚɱ ɧɚ ɿ ɫɬɪ ɚɲɧɚ , ɬɚɞɵ ɚɩɨ ɲɧɿɦ ɭ ɩɲɚɧɿɰ ɵ ɡɶɹɜɿʆɫɹ ɀ ɭɤ ɉɹɬɪ ɭɫɶ ɭɛɚ ɱɵʆ ɹɝɨ ɤɚɥɿ ɯ ɥɨɩɟɰ ɛ ɵʆ ɭɠɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ² ɭɛ ɚɱɵʆ ɿ ʆɫɯɚɩ ɿʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɚɣ ɡɞɚ ɝɚɞɤɿ Ɍ ɚɤ ɹɧɨ ɿ ɛɵɥɨ Ɋɚɡɶɜɟɞɱɵɤ ɫɯɿɥɿʆɲɵɫɹ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɧ ɟ ɞɚ ɫɚ ɦɚɣ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɰɹɝɧ ɭʆ ɧɚ ɫɚ ɛɟ ɇɭɩɪɷ ɟɜɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɬɚɞɵ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɟ ɚɞɜɚɠɜɚɸɱɵɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɫɩɵɬɚɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɵ ɛɚɟɰ ɛɹɫɶɫɿɥɶɧɚ ɬɭɥɿʆɫɹ ɡɶɛɹɥɟɥɚɣ ɲɱɚɤɨɣ ɞɚ ʆɫɩɚɬɧɟɥɚɣ ɯɥɚɩɟɱɚɣ ɫɶɩɿɧɵ ɿ ɰɿɯɚ ɫɬɚɝɧɚʆ ɀɭɤ ɩɚɞɧɺɫ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɞ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚ ɩɚɤ ɥɚʆ ɧɚ ɬɪɚɜɭ ʆ ɡɚɫɟɧɶ ɿ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɜɵɩɪɚɫɬɚʆ ɧɚɬɪɭɠɚɧɵɹ ɩɥɟɱɵ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɩɚɪɚɧɿɥɚ ʆ ɝɪɭɞɡɿ ɧɚɜɵɥɺɬ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɤɥɟɧɱɵʆ ɧɚɞ ɛɚɣɰɨɦ ɭɡɹʆ ɹɝɨ ɚɛɜɹɥɭɸ ɪɭɤɭ ² ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɚɞɩɥɸɲɱɵʆ ɜɨɱɵ ² Ɉɬ ɿ ɦɧɟ ɬɪɚɩɿɥɚ ² ɩɪɚɲɚɩɬɚɥɿ ɹɝɨɧɵɹ ɜɭɫɧɵ ɇɹɦɟɸɱɵ ɚɞ ɧɨɜɚɝɚ ɝɨɪɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɫɤɿɧɭʆ ɡ ɛɚɣɰɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɵɹ ɪɚɦɹɧɿ ɭɡɶɧɹʆ ɫɤɪɵɜɚʆɥɟɧɭɸ ɝɿɦɧɚɫɶɰɺɪɤɭ Ɋɚɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɱɤɚɹ ɚɥɟ ɤɪɵɜɿ ʆɠɨ ɜɵɥɿɥɚɫɹ ɛɚɝɚɬɚ ɍ ɧɟɤɚ ɝɚ ɡɧɚɣɲɨʆɫɹ ɿɧɞɵɜɿɞɭɚɥɶɧɵ ɩɚɤɟɬ ² ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɹɤ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ɩɟɪɚɜɹɡɚʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ² ɇɭ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ² ɧɹʆɩɷʆɧɟɧɵɦ ɝɨɥɚɫɚɦ ɡɚɫɩɚ ɤɨɣɜɚʆ ɺɧ ɛɚɣɰɚ ² ɉɚɬɪɵɜɚɣ ɹɤ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɯɭɬɤɚ ʆɠɨ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɫɬɚɝɧɚʆ ɡɪɷɞɤɭ ɪɚɫɩɥɸɲɱɜɚʆ ɜɨɱɵ ɿ ɧɟɹɤ ɩɚ ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɚɦɭ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɩɪɨɫɹɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɍɡɶɧɹʆɲɵ ɜɨɱɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɜɚʆɤɚɜɚɬɚ ɧɚɫɭɩɥɟ ɧɵ ɫɜɨɣ ɞɚɡɨɪ ɹɤɿ ɞɚɜɺʆ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɤɚɣ ɛɹɞɵ Ɂɧɨʆ ɝɚɪɚɱɚɹ ɯɜɚɥɹ ɝɧɟɜɭ ɯɥɵɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺʆ ɬɜɚɪ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɭɫɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɿ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨɜɭ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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² Ƚɥɹɞɡɿ ɝɥɹɞɡɿ ɲɬɨ ɧɚɪɚɛɿʆ ɬɵ ɝɚɞ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɩɪɚɰɶɜɟɪɚɡɟʆ ɭɠɨ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɭɫɺ ɲɬɨ ɫɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɡɚɰɹɬɚ ɩɚɬɭɩɿʆ ɜɨɱɵ ² Ɂɚɫɬɪɷɥɿɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɡɚ ɝɷɬɚ ² ɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɛɚɟɰ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ʆ ɩɥɹɱɨ ² Ɂ ɟɦɥɹɤɚ ɦɚɣɝɨ Ⱥɧɬɨɯɿɧɚ ɡɚɛɿɥɚ ɩɪɚɡ ɹɝɨ ɉɺɪɵ ɱɚʆ ɜɭɧɶ ɤɚɧɚɟ ² ɇɟ ɡɚɫɬɪɷɥɿɰɶ ɚ ɚɫɭɞɡɿɰɶ ɿ ɪɚɫɫɬɪɚɥɹɰɶ ² ɪɚɡɜɚɠɧɚ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɬɨɣ ɫɩɪɵɬɧɵ ɛɚɟɰ ɲɬɨ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɡɚɯɚɩɿʆ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ Ȭɧ ɦɟʆ ɥɚɫɤɚɜɚɟ ɿ ɫɥɚɜɭɬɚɟ ɩɪɨɡɶɜɿɲɱɚ Ɇɚɰɟɣɤɚ ɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɿ ɡɥɨɫɧɚ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚ Ⱥɝɚɥɶ ɰɨɜɚ ² Ɍ ɵ ɱɭɟɲ ɪɚɫɫɬɪɚɥɹɰɶ ɰɹɛɟ ² ɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɞɱɭ ɜɚɸɱɵ ɹɤ ɚɞ ɚɛɭ ɪɷɧɶɧɹ ɿ ɤɪɵʆɞɵ ɞɪɵɠɵɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɫɤɿɜɿɰɚ ² Ⱦɡɟ ɬɜɚɺ ɫɭɦɥɟɧɶɧɟ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ" ɒɬɨ ɧɚɪɚɛɿʆ ɬɵ ɩɵɬɚɸ" Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ² ɒɬɨ ɪɚɡɦɚʆɥɹɰɶ ɡ ɿɦ" ² ɡɧɨʆ ɡɚɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ² Ƚɚɞ ɺɧ ɡɞɪɚɞɧɿɤ Ɋɚɫɫɬɪɚɥɹɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡɶɛɹɧɬɷɠɚɧɵ ɿ ɪɚɡɝɭɛɥɟɧɵ ɚɞ ɬɚɤɿɯ ɠɚɯɥɿ ɜɵɯ ɩɚɞɡɟɣ ɦɚ ʆɱɚʆ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɸɱɵ ɲɬɨ ɡɪɚɛ ɿɰɶ ɡ ɱɚɥɚɜɟ ɤɚɦ Ⱥ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɩɨʆɧɵɹ ɡɥɨɫɶɰɿ ɿ ɧɹɧɚɜɿɫɶɰ ɿ ɞɚ ɜɿɧɨʆɧɿɤɚ ɫɜɚɺɣ ɛɹɞɵ ɩɚ ɡɿɪɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɿ ɱɚɤɚɥɿ ɹɝɨ ɩɪɵɫɭ ɞɭ , ɤɚɥɿ ʆɠɨ ɡɶɦɟɧɲɵʆɫɹ ʆɧɭɬɪɵ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɿɦɩɷɬ ɝɚɪɚɱɤɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɜɵɪɚɡɧɚ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɲɬɨ ɿ ɫɚɩɪɚ ʆɞɵ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨɜɚ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɪɷɥɶɜɚɰɶ ɍɠɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɜɹɥɿɤɚɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɹɝɨ ɡɥɚɱɵɧɫɬɜɚ ɬɚɤɿ ɧɟʆɬɚɣɦɚɜɚɧɵ ɝɧɟʆ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɝɷɬɭɥɶɤɿ ɩɪɚɥɿɥɨɫɹ ɤɪɵɜɿ ɲɬɨ ɿɧɚɤɲ ɹɝɨ ɩɚɤɚɪɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ , ɪɚɡɚɦ ɡ ɜɵɪ ɚɡɧɚɫɶɰɸ ɝɷɬɚɟ ɤɚɪɵ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɚɫɹ ɰɿɯɚɹ ɠɚ ɥɚɫɶɰ ɶ ɞɚ ɛɥɿɡɤɚɝɚ ɡɧɚɺɦɚ ɝɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ɉɟɪɚɞ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ɩɚʆɫɬɚʆ ɞɪɭɝɿ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨʆ ɬɨɣ ɲɬɨ ɪɚɬɚɜɚʆ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɦɨɫɬɚ ɤɿɞɚʆɫ ɹ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɨɠɭɸ ɦɚɲɵɧɭ ɧɚ ɞɚɪ ɨɡɟ ɲɬɨ ɡɚʆ ɫɺɞɵ ɧɺɫ ɡɭɯɚɜɚɬɚɫɶɰɶ ɿ ɫɶɦɟɥɚɫɶɰɶ Ⱦɜɚ ɫɭɩɪɚɰɶɥɟɝɥɵɹ ɩɚɱɭɰɶɰɿ ɞɚ ɯ ɥɨɩɰɚ ɫɤɪɵɠɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɫɟɪ ɠɚɧɬɚɜɵɦ ɫɷɪ ɰɵ ɿ ɺɧ ɪ ɚɡɝɭɛɿʆɫɹ Ɍ ɚɤ ɩɚɤɭɬɭɸɱɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɲɭɤɚʆ ɫɩɪɚɜɹɞɥɿɜɚɝɚ ɪɚ ɲɷɧɶɧɹ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɰɹɠɤɚɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɵ ɿ ɩɚɫɬɭɩɨɜɚ ʆɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɩɟ ɪɚɤɨɧɜɚʆɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɿɧɲɚɝɚ ɩɪɵɞɭɦɚɰɶ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ȼɭɧɶ ɡɚɩ ɥɸɲɱɵʆɲɵ ɚɞ ɛɨɥɸ ɜɨɱɵ ɥɹɠɵɰɶ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɥɹɠɚɰɶ ɹɲɱɷ 172
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɥɸɞɡɿ ɹɤɿɯ ɡɚɝɭɛɿʆ ɺɧ ² ɧɹ ɬɨɣ ɫɶɦɟɥɵ ɩɚɪɵɜɿɫɬɵ Ⱥɝɚɥɶ ɰɨʆ ɚ ɝɷɬɵ ɜɨɫɶ ɚɝɿɞɧɵ ɩ¶ɹɧɵ ɪɚɡɝɿɥɶɞɡɹɣ ɲɬɨ ɡɚ ɪɚɫɩɭ ɫɬɚɣ ɡɚɛɵʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɚɛɚɜɹɡɚɤ ɧɚ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɿ ɫɭɦɥɟɧɶɧɟ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡɿɪ ɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɜɚʆɤɚɜɚɬɚɝɚ ɯ ɥɨɩɰɚ ² ɬɨɣ ɡɞɚ ɟɰɰɚ ɪɚɡɭ ɦɟʆ ɭɠɨ ʆɫɺ ɿ ɦɚʆɱ ɚʆ Ȭɧ ɧɟ ɩɪ ɚɫɿʆɫɹ ɧɹ ʆɦɨ ɥɶɜɚʆ ɞɚɪɚɜɚɰɶ ɚ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɛɵɰɰɚ ɦ ɚɞɱɭ ɜɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɡɚɫɥɭɠɵʆ ɚ ɞɡɿɧɭɸ ɤɚɪɭ ɿ ɝɚɬɨ ɜɵ ɛɵʆ ɩɪɵɧɹɰɶ ɹɟ ɇɟ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɧɹɦɚ ɱɚ ɝɨ ɬɭ ɬ ɲɤɚɞɚɜɚɰɶ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨɜɚ ɜɿɞɚ ɰɶ ɧɟɲɬ ɚ ɧɹɞɨɛ ɪɚɟ ɫɹɞɡɟɥɚ ʆ ɹɝɨ ɞɭ ɲɵ ɤɚɥɿ ɚɞɜɚɠɵʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɧ ɚ ɬɚɤɨ ɟ ɉɷʆɧɚ ɧɹ ɞɭɠɚ ɞɚɪɚɝɿ ɹɦɭ ɝɷ ɬɵ ɫɶɰ ɹɝ ɿ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɜɵɪɚ ɬɚɜɚɧɵɹ ɞɥɹ ɛɭɞɭɱɵɯ ɛɿɬɜɚ ʆ ɥɸɞɡɿ ȼɿɞɚɰɶ ɧɟ ɣɤɚɹ ɱɚɪ ɜɹɬ ɨɱɵɧ ɚ ɡɚ ʆɠɞɵ ɝɧ ɹɡɶɞɡɿɥɚ ɫɹ ʆ ɿɦ ɿ ɧɹ ɫɺɧɶɧɹ ɞɵɤ ɡɚʆɬɪ ɚ ɧɟɱɵɦ ɚɝɿɞɧ ɵɦ ɭɫɺ ɪɨʆɧɚ ɜɵɹɜɿɥɚ ɛ ɫɹɛɟ Ɍ ɚɤ ɞɭ ɦɚʆ ɉɹɬɪ ɭɫɶ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨɜɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɪɚɥɹɥɿ ɬɭɬ ɠɚ ɭ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɛɵʆ ɩɟɪɚɤɚɧɚɧɵ ʆɠɨ ɲɬɨ ɡɪɚɛɿɥɿ ɩɪɚɜɿɥɶɧɚ ɚɥɟ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɩɟɪɚɤɚɧɚɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɭɫɺ ɪɨʆɧɚ ɧɟ ɩɚɡɛɚɜɿɥɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɚɞ ɞɭɲɷʆɧɚɣ ɫɤɪɭɯɿ ɀɭɤ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɜɚʆ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɭɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɿ ɹɝɨ ɲɵɪɨɤɚɫɤɭɥɵ ɬɜɚɪ ɧɟɤɚɥɿ ɬɚɤɿ ɩɪɚɫɬɚ ɞɭɲɧɵ ɿ ʆɫɶɦɟɲɵɫɬɵ ɱɚɪɧɟʆ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɚɞ ɧɟɜɵɤɚɡɧɚɝɚ ɝɨɪɚ Ȭɧ ɧɟ ɚɩɪɚʆɞɜɚʆ ɚɥɟ ɹɤ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɧɟɦɚɜɟɞɚɦɚ ɱɚɦɭ ɲɤɚɞɚɜɚʆ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨɜɚ ɲɤɚɞɚɜɚʆ ɹɝɨ ɧɟɪɚɡɭɦɧɚɝɚ ɥɺɫɭ ɬɚɤ ɧɿɛɵ ɧɹ ɫɚɦ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɚ ɜɵɬɜɚɪɚʆ ɭɫɺ ɚɝɿɞɧɚɟ ɚ ɹɤɚɹ ɿɧɲɚɹ ɫɿɥɚ ɩɪɵɦɭɲɚɥɚ ɹɝɨ ɧɚ ɬɨɟ ɋɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ ɩɚɤɚ ɪɚɥɿ ɚ ʆ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ʆɫɺ ɧɟ ʆɫɬɚɥɺʆɜɚʆ ɫɹ ɫɩɚɤɨɣ Ⱦɭɲɵɥɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɿ ɛɨɥɶ ɿ ɤɪɵʆɞɚ ² ɤɪɵʆɞɚ ɧɚ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨɜɚ ɲɬɨ ɩɪɵɱɵɧɿʆ ɛɹɞɭ ɿ ɞɚɜɺʆ ɫɹɛ ɟ ɞɚ ɩɚɝɿɛɟɥɿ ɤɪɵʆɞɚ ɧɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɱɚɫ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɿ ɞɪɷɧɧɚ ɫɥɭɯɚɥɿ ɫɹ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ɤɪɵʆɞɚ ɧɚ ɫɹɛɟ ɲɬɨ ɧɟ ɧ ɚɥɚɞɡɿʆ ɞɚɝɷ ɬɭɥɶ ɞɨɛɪɚɣ ɞɵɫɰɵɩɥɿɧɵ ɏɿɛɚ ɡ ɬɚɤɿɦ ɛ ɹɡɥɚɞɞɡɟɦ ɦɨ ɝɭɰɶ ɹɧɵ ɩɪɚɛɿɰɰɚ ɩɪɚɡ ɮɪɨɧɬ" Ɂ ɤɨɠɧɵɦ ɞɧɺɦ ɭɫɺ ɰɹɠɷɣɲɵɦ ɫɬɚɧ ɨɜɿɰɰɚ ɿɯ ɲɥɹɯ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɚɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɜɚ ɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɿ ɩɚɪɚɞɤɭ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɚɬɪɚɞɭ Ȭɧ ɬɚɤ ɿ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɚɛ ɬɵɦ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɫɬɪɨɟɦ ɤɚɥɨɧɵ ɇɚ ɹɝɨ ɡɦɪɨɱɧɚ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ɧɹɝɨɥɟ ɧɵɹ ɦɚɪɤɨɬɧɵɹ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɿ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɡɪɚ ɡɭɦɟɸɰɶ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɰɿ ɧɟ ɚɥɟ ɪɚ ɲɭɱɚ ɚɛɜɹɫɶɰɿʆ ɲɬɨ ɩɚɪɭɲɚ ɥɶɧɿɤɚʆ ɜɚɣɫ ɤɨɜɚɝɚ ɩɚɪɚɞɤɭ ɱɚɤɚɟ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɫɺɧɶɧɹ ɜɨɫɶ ɫɬɚɪɲɵɧɭ Ⱥɝɚɥɶɰɨɜɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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əɤ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ʆɥɚɞɤɚɜɚʆɲɵ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɚɪɨɛɧɵɹ ɧɚɫɿɥɤɿ ɰɹɠ ɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɚ ɡɧɨʆ ɩɚɞɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɩɨɥɟ ȱɲɥɿ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟɦ ɡ ɩɟɪɚɥɟɫɤɭ ʆ ɩɟɪɚɥɟɫɚɤ ɪɚɛɿɥɿ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɹ ɤɪɭɤɿ ɱɚɫɬɚ ɫɩɵɧɹɥɿɫɹ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɞɚɡɨɪ ɚɝɥɹɞɚʆ ɲɥɹɯ ɍ ɞɚɡɨɪ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɜɵɩɪɚɜɿʆ ɀɭɤɚ ɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɞɜɭɯ ɫɩɪɵɬɧɵɯ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ əɧɵ ɞɡɟɣɧɿɱ ɚɥɿ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɿɥɶɧɚ ɫɚɱɵʆ ɡɚ ɿɦɿ ɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɩɪɵɫɥɭɯɨʆɜɚʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɫɿɝɧɚɥɚʆ ɭ ɡɚ ɪɚɫɶɧɿɤɚɯ ɿ ʆɫɺ ɩɚɤɪɵɤɜɚʆ ɧɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɤɚɛ ɬɵɹ ɦɚɫɤɿɪɚɜɚ ɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɧɹ ɥɟɡɶɥɿ ɧɚ ɚɞɤɪɵɬɵɹ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɍɠɨ ɧɚ ɡɚɯɚɞɡɟ ɫɨɧɰɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɟɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɝɭɱɧɚ ɡɚ ɛɭɯɚɥɿ ʆ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɰɧɵɹ ɝɚɪɦɚɬɧɵɹ ɫɬɪɷɥɵ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ʆ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɿ ɚɠ ɡɞɪɵɝɚɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɚɞ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɫɩɵɧɿʆ ɤɚɥɨɧɭ ɿ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɡ Ɇɚɰɟɣɤɚɦ ɜɵɬɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɡ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤɭ ɉɟ ɪɚɞ ɿɦɿ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɩɚɩɚɪɚɜɵ ɤɚɫɚɝɨɪ ɡɚɪɨɫɥɵ ɤɚɥɸɱɵɦ ɚɫɨ ɬɚɦ ɚ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɜɵɫɿʆɫɹ ʆɡɝɨɪɚɤ ɡ ɹɛɥɵɧɹɣ ɞɡɿɱɤɚɣ ɧɚ ɮɨɧɟ ɧɟɛɚ ɿ ɬɚɦ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɡɚ ʆɡɝɨɪɤɚɦ ɛɭɯɚɥɚ ɛɚɬɚɪɷɹ ɏɥɨɩ ɰɵ ɜɟɫɟɥɚ ɩɟɪɚɝɥɹɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɜɹɪɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɞɚ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɫɟɪ ɠɚɧɬ ɪɚɞɚɫɧɚ ɩɚɜɟɞɚɦɿʆ ɥɸɞɡɹɦ ² ɇɚɲɵ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ Ȼɚɱ ɩɚɥɤɚɜɚɹ ɛɚɬɚɪɷɹ ɛ¶ɟ Ɂɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɤɿɥɚɦɟɬɪɚʆ ɩɹɬɧɚɰɰɚɰɶ ² ɞɜɚɰɰɚɰɶ ©Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɛ ɩɪɚɫɤɨɱɵɰɶ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɛ ɧɟ ɧɚɬɤɧɭɰɰɚ ɿ ɧɟ ɡɚ ɝɭɛɿɰɶ ɥɸɞɡɟɣª ² ɭɜɟɫɶ ɱɚɫ ɫɬɭɤɚɥɚ ʆ ɝɨɥɚʆ ɧɟɚɞɱɷɩɧɚɹ ɞɭɦɤɚ Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɞɜɚɧɚɰɰɚɬɵ ɍɠɨ ɧɚ ɡɶɦɹɪɤɚɧɶɧɿ ɞɚ ɚɬɪɚɞɚ ɞɚɥɭɱɵɥɚɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɞɜɚ ɧɚɰɰɚɰɶ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ȱɯ ɧ ɟɞɡɟ ɧ ɚɩɚɬɤɚ ʆ ɞɚɡɨ ɪ ɿ ɀɭ ɤ ɜɵɩɪ ɚɜɿʆ ɿɯ ɡ ɞɚ ɡɨɪ ɧɵɦ ɧ ɚɫɭɫɬɪɚɱ ɤɚɥɨɧɟ əɧɵ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɡɚ ɹɱ ɦɟɧɧ ɚɝɚ ɩɚɝɨ ɪɤɚ ʆ ɩ ɨɥɿ ɿ ɫ ɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɚɠ ɫɩɚɥɨɯɚʆɫɹ ɭɛɚ ɱɵʆɲɵ ɫɬɨ ɥɶɤɿ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ Ⱥɥɟ ɞɚɡɨɪɧɵ ɩɚɞɚʆ ɝɨɥɚ ɫ ɿ ɉɹɬ ɪɭɫɶ ɧɟ ɪ ɚɡɭɦɟɸɱɵ ɹɲɱ ɷ ɭ ɱ ɵɦ ɫɩɪ ɚɜɚ ɫ ɩɵɧɿʆ ɛɚɣ ɰɨʆ Ɂɛɥɿɡɤɭ ɺɧ ʆɛɚɱɵʆ ɲɬɨ ɝɷ ɬɚ ɛɵɥɿ ɫɜɚɟ ɿ ʆ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɚɞɥɟ ɝɥɚ ɚɞ ɞɭɲɵ Ⱦɚ ɹɝɨ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɡ ɞɚɡɨɪ ɧɵɦ ɩɚɞɵɲɨʆ ɧɿɡɟ ɧɶɤɿ ɛɹɥɹɜɵ ɦɚɥɨ ɞɲɵ ɥɟɣ ɬɷɧ ɚɧ ɬ ɺɧ ɡ ɩɚɜɚɝ ɚɣ ɡɿɪɧ ɭʆ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɚ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɫɶɰ ɹɝ ɿ ɩ ɚ ɫɹɛɪɨ ʆɫɤɭ ɩ ɚɞɚʆ ɪɭɤɭ ² Ⱦɚɜɚɣ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɲɭɤɚɰɶ ɭɞɚɱɵ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɬɭɞɵ 174
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɜɵ ɞɚɪɷɦɧɚ ɤɿɪɭɟɰɟ ɬɚɦ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɹ ɩɚɧɬɚɧɺɪɵ ʆɫɟ ɞɚɪɨɝɿ ɡɚɛɿɥɿ ² ɿ ʆ ɜɺɫɰɵ ɿ ʆ ɥɟɫɟ ² Ⱥ ɜɵ ɬɚɦ ɛ ɵɥɿ" ² ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ² Ⱥɝɚ Ɇɵ ɚɞɬɭɥɶ Ɍɵɰɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɩɚɫɬɪɚɥɹɥɿ ɿ ɧɚɡɚɞ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɛɪɚɰɶ ɥɹɜɟɣ ɦɨɠɚ ɬɚɦ ɹɤ əɧɵ ɜɵɣɲɥɿ ɧɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɤ ɿ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ʆ ɚɯɿɧɭ ɬɭɸ ʆɠɨ ɜɟɱɚ ɪɚɦ ɥɹɫɧɭɸ ɞɚɥɹɱɵɧɶ ɇɟɞɡɟ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɪɚɫɤɚɰɿɫɬɵɦ ɪɷɯɚɦ ɝɪɭɤɚɰɟɥɚ ɛɨɣɤɚ ² ɱɭɜɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ɹɤ ɪɨʆɧɚ ɡ ɩɷʆɧɵɦɿ ɩɪɚɦɟɠɤɚɦɿ ɪɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɦɿɧɵ Ⱥɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɡ ɡɚ ɥɟɫɭ ʆɡɶɥɹɰɟɥɚ ʆɝɨɪɭ ɡɟɥɟɧɚɜɚɬɚɹ ɱ ɚɪɝɚ ɬɪɚɫɿɪɭɸɱɵɯ ɤɭɥɶ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɪɚʆɥɿ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɛɭɤɫɭɸɱɵ ɬɚɧɤɿ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɚ ɬɚɤ ɭɫɸɞɵ ɱɭɥɚɫɹ ɩɪɵɫɭɬɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɜɨɣɫ ɤɚ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɚɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɶɧɟ ɜɹɥɿɤɚɣ ɡɚɬɨɟɧɚɣ ɫɿɥɵ ɜɚɣɧɵ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɞɨɛɪɚ ʆɹʆɥɹʆ ɫɚɛɟ ɲɬɨ ɜɚɪɬɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɹʆɞɚɥɚ ɫɭɧɭɰɰɚ ʆ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɝɭɲɱɵɧɸ ɜɨɣɫɤɚ ɹɤ ɚɞ ɿɯɧɹɣ ɧɟɜɹɥɿɤɚɣ ɝɪɭɩɵ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɧɟɰɰɚ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɫɩɚɞɡɹɸɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɞɭɦɚɸɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɺɧ ɭɫɺ ʆɠɨ ɚɛɞɭɦɚʆ ɿ ɜɟɞɚɟ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɫɩɨɫɚɛ ɩɟɪɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɮɪɨɧɬ ɇɚɞɜɹ ɱɨɪɤɚɦ ɺɧ ɩɚɞɫɥɭɯɚʆ ɹɤ ɧɟɯɬɚ ʆ ɤɚɥɨɧɟ ɧɹɝɭɱɧɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ©Ƚɥɹɞɡɿ ɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɝɷɬɵ ɬɚɥɤɨɜɵ ɺɧ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɜɵɜɟɞɡɟ ª Ȭɧ ɬɚɞɵ ɚɠ ɫɱɵɪɜɚɧɟʆ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɚɞ ɬɵɯ ɫɥɨʆ ɬɚɤ ɹɦɭ ɡɞɚ ɥɨɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɩɚɦɵɥɹɸɰɰɚ ʆ ɿɦ Ȼɚɞɚɣ ɧɹ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɺɧ ɬɚɥɤɨɜɵ ² ɧɹɥɺɝɤɿ ɤɥɨɩɚɬ ɡɚɣɦɚɟ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɹɝɨ ɝɚɥɚɜɭ ɿ ɺɧ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚɟ ɹɤ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɜɵɣɲɥɚ ɥɟɩɲ ɋɤɥɚɞɚɧɚɹ ɫɩɪɚ ɜɚ ɜɵɩɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɞɨɥɸ Ʉɚɥɿ ɛ ɬɭɬ ɛɵʆ ɿɯ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɩɚɥ ɤɚ ɰɿ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɭɡɜɨɞɚ ɭɠɨ ɹɧɵ ɧɚɞɭɦɚɥɿ ɛ ɹɤ ɚɲɭɤɚɰɶ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɹɤ ɩɪɚɛɪɚɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ² ɹɧɵ ɛ ɵɥɿ ɜɭɱɨ ɧɵɹ ɿ ɜɟɞɚɥɿ ʆɫɟ ɬɚɹɦɧɿɰɵ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɚɣ ɬɚɤɬɵɤɿ Ⱥ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ Ʉɥɹɧɨɜɿɱ ɹɤ ɫɶɥɹɩɨɟ ɤɚɰɹɧɺ ɧɚ ʆɥɚɫɧɵɯ ɯɿɛɚɯ ɩɚɡɧɚɟ ɬɭɸ ɧɚɜɭɤɭ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɚɣ ɛɚɪɚɰɶɛɵ Ɂ ɭɡɝɨɪɤɚ ɹɧɵ ɩɚɞɚɥɿɫɹ ʆɥɟɜɚ ɹɤ ɪɚɿʆ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ Ɇɚɥɟɧɶɤɿ ɚɛɪɨɫɥɵ ɪɭɞɵɦ ɲɱɚɰɿɧɶɧɟɦ ɺɧ ɡɞɚɜɚʆɫɹ ɦɚɥɚɞɠɚɜɵɦ Ⱥɥɟ ɧɚ ɝɷ ɬɵɦ ɬɜɚɪɵ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɬɚɤɿ ɠ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɵ ɤɥɨɩɚɬ ɹɤɿ ɧɟɩɚɤɨɿʆ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɜɭ ɞɭɲɭ ɚɥɟ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɯɚɜɚʆ ɚɞ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɬɭɸ ɬɪɵɜɨɝɭ ɿ ɩɚɞɛɚɞɡɺɪɜɚʆ ɫɹɛɟ ɿ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ² Ⱦ ɡɟ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɩɪɚɫɤɨɱɵɦ ² ɤɚɡɚʆ ɺɧ ɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɤɪɨɱɚ ɱɵ ɡɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɦ ² ɇɹ ɦɨɠɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɛɵɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɧɟ ɩɪɚɫɤɨ ɱɵɥɿ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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Ⱦɨʆɝɿ ɥɿɩɟɧɶɫɤɿ ɞɡɟɧɶ ɤɚɧɱɚʆɫɹ ɩɨɡɧɚ ɧɨɱ ɛɵɥɚ ɤɚ ɪɨɬɤɚɹ ɿ ʆ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ɡɶɹɜɿʆɫɹ ɧɨɜɵ ɧɟɩɚɤɨɣ ɚɞ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɫɩɨɡɶɧɹɰɰɚ ɿ ɧɹ ʆɩɪɚɜɹɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɪɚɧɤɭ Ȭɧ ɭɠɨ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɪɚɡɨʆ ɰɿɯɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɚɜɚʆ ɤɚɥɨɧɟ ©ɲɵɪɷɣ ɤɪɨɤª ɿ ɫɚɦ ɫɶɩɹ ɲɚʆɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɡɦɨɪɚɧɵɹ ɧɨɝɿ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɡɚɩɚɜɨɥɶɜɚɥɿ ɯɚɞɭ ɍɪɷɲ ɰɟ ɹɧɵ ɡɧɨʆ ɭɡɶɛɿɥɿɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɚɥɹɜɭɸ ɞɚɪɨɠɤɭ ɿ ɩɚɣɲɥɿ ɩɚ ɺɣ Ƚɪɭɤɚɬ ɛɨɸ ʆɧɨɱɵ ɩɚɰɿɲɚʆ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɹɲɱɷ ʆ ɪɨɡ ɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɯ ɡɚ ɥɟɫɚɦ ɛɭɯɚɥɿ ɝɚɪɦɚɬɵ ɿ ɧɟɛɚɤɪɚɣ ɪɚɡ ɩɨ ɪɚɡ ɭɫɩɵɯɜɚʆ ɚɞ ɞɪɵɝɨɬɤɚɝɚ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɚ ɪɚɤɟɬ ɍ ɤɭɫɶɰɿɫɬɚɣ ɛɚɥɚɰɹɜɿɧɟ ɧɚ ɧɿɡɤɿɦ ɪɚɡɛɭɪɚɧɵɦ ɦɚɫɬ ɤɭ ɹɧɵ ɞɚɝɧɚɥɿ ɝɚɥɚʆɧɵ ɞɚɡɨɪ ɀɭɤ ɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɡɦɨɪɧɚ ɫɹɞ ɡɟɥɿ ɧɚ ʆɰɚɥɟɥɚɣ ɩɟɪɚɤɥɚɞɡɿɧɟ ɚ ɥɹ ɿɯ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɱɚɥɚ ɜɟɤ ɡ ɚɛɪɨɰɶɰɸ ȼɿɞɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɱɚɤɚɥɿ ɤɚɥɨɧɭ ² ɇɭ ɲɬɨ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɿɫɹ" ² ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɞɵɯɨɞ ɡɹɱɵ ɞɚ ɿɯ ɀɭɤ ɭɫɬɚʆ ɡ ɛɟɪɜɹɧɚ ɿ ɤɿʆɧɭʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɨɣ ɧɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɞɡɹɞɡɶɤɚ ɤɚɠɚ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɬɚɦ ɡɶɹɡɞɠɚɸɰɶ ɡ ɞɚ ɪɨɝɿ ɿ ɪɚɡɝɨɪɬɜɚɸɰɰɚ ʆ ɩɨɥɿ ² Ɍɚɤ ɬɚɤ ± ɩɚɰɶɜɟɪɞɡɿʆ ɱ ɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɛɪɚɡɝɚɸɱɵ ɰɭɝɥɹɦɿ ± ɍɫɺ ɟɞɭɰɶ ɿ ɟɞɭɰɶ ɇɟɣɤɿɹ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɹ ɬɚɧɤɿ ɝɷ ɬɵɹ ɡɚɛɿɥɿ ʆɫɺ ɩɨɥɟ ɩɚɬɚɩɬɚɥɿ ɩɚɧɿɲɱɵɥɿ ʆɫɺ ɤɚɛ ɿɯ ɜɚɧ ɬɪɨɛɵ ɩɚɧɿɲɱɵɥɚ ² Ⱥ ɧɚɲɵ ɞɚʆɧɨ ɛ ɵɥɿ ɬɭɬ" ² ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷ ɧɚɧɬ ² ɍɱɨɪɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆɱɨɪɚ ɥɸɞɰɵ ɞɨɛɪɵɹ ɉɪɚɣɲɥɿ ɤɚɥɹ ɜɺɫɤɿ ɿ ɜɨɫɶ ɦɵ ʆɠɨ ɩɚɞ ɧɟɦɰɚɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɉɨɛɚɱ ɧɚ ɞɚɪɨɡɟ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɚ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɹɧɵ ɩɿɥɶɧɚ ʆɫɥɭɯɨʆɜɚɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɿɯɧɸɸ ɪɚɡɦɨɜɭ ɿ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚʆ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɱɚɤɚɸɱɵ ɚɞ ɿɯ ɪɚɡɭɦɧɵɯ ɤɚ ɦɚɧɞ ɭɞɚɥɵɯ ɪɚɲɷɧɶɧɹʆ Ɇɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɱɭɯɚʆ ɧɹɝɨɥɟɧɵɹ ɫɤɿɜɿɰɵ ɿ ɚɝɥɹɞɚʆ ɧɚɜɚ ɤɨɥɶɥɟ ² Ⱦɡɹɞɡɶɤɚ ɫɤɚɠɵ ɧɚɦ ɞɡɟ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɩɟɪɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɞɚ ɧɚɲɵɯ ɤɚɛ ɧɚ ɧɟɦɰɚʆ ɧɟ ɧɚɬɪɚɩɿɰɶ" ² ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² Ⱥ ɯɬɨ ɠ ɹɝɨ ɜɟɞɚɟ ² ɧɹʆɰɹɦɧɚ ɩɚɰɿɫɧɭʆ ɩɥɹɱɵɦɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ² , ɬɚɦ ɟɞɭɰɶ ɿ ɬɚɦ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɸɰɶ ɏɿɛɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆ Ƚɧɿɥɚʆɲɱɵɧɟ ɧɹɦɚ ² Ⱥ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɡɚ Ƚɧɿɥɚʆɲɱɵɧɚ" 176
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
² Ⱦɵ ɛɚɥɨɬɚ ɬɚɤɨɟ Ƚɷɬɚ ɜɚɦ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɜɹɪɧɭɰɰɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɿ ɩɪɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɜɹɪɫɬɵ ɡ ɬɪɵ ɚ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɩɚ ɩɪɚɜɭɸ ɪɭɤɭ ɛɭɞɡɟ Ʌɨɡɿɧɚ ɚ ɜɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɪɨɣɞɡɟɰɟ ² ɇɭ ɹɟ ɬɭɸ Ʌɨɡɿɧɭ ² ɩɟɪɚɛɿʆ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ² ɇɚɡɚɞ ɜɹɪɬɚɰɰɚ ɧɹ ɛɭɞɡɟɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɟɡɚɞɚɜɨɥɟɧɚ ɩɚɦɨɪɲɱɵʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɟ ɯɚɰɟʆ ɜɹɪɬɚɰɰɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ Ɇɨ¶ ɬɚɦ ɿ ɫɚɩɪɚʆɞɵ ɥɹɝɱɷɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɚɛɪɚɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɚɥɟ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɚɞɦɚʆ ɥɹɥɿɫɹ ɧɨɝɿ ȱ ɹɧɵ ɜɵɪɚɲɵɥɿ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ ɉɟɪɚɫɤɨɱɵʆɲɵ ɤɚɧɚ ɜɭ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɪɚɲɭɱɚ ɧɚɤɿɪɚɜɚʆɫɹ ʆɞɨʆɠ ɪɭɱɚɹ ɩɚ ɦɨɤɪɚɣ ɩɨɠɧɿ ɑɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɩɚɤɨɪɥɿɜɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɿɬɚɧɶɧɟ ©ɇɭ ɩɚɦɚɝɚɣ ɜɚɦ Ȼɨɝª ɿ ɱɚɦɭɫɶɰɿ ɡɶɧɹʆɲɵ ɲɚɩɤɭ ɭɫɺ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɧɚ ɦɚɫɬɤɭ ɿ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɭɫɶɥɟɞ ɛɚɣɰɚɦ Ɍ ɚɤɿɦ ɱɵɧɚɦ ɜɵɛɚɪ ɛɵʆ ɡɪɨɛɥɟɧ Ɇɨɠɚ ɿ ɝɿɛɟɥɶɧɵ ɺɧ ɚ ɦɨɠɚ ɿ ʆɞɚɥɵ ɚɥɟ ʆɠɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɿɥ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɇɹɯɚɣ ɛ ɭɞɡɟ ɲɬɨ ɛɭɞɡɟ ² ɹɧɵ ɩɨɣɞɭɰɶ ɭɧɚɱɵ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɚɥɹ ɧɿɧɭ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɲɚɧɰɭɟ ɩɟɪɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɰɿɯɚ ² ɛɭɞɭɰɶ ɩɪɚɛɿɜɚɰɰɚ ɡ ɛɨɟɦ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɬɨɣ ɠɚ ɞɭɦɤɿ ɭɫɟ ɩɚɞ ɰɹɝɧɭɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɤɚɥɨɧɟ ɩɪɵɰɿɯɥɿ ɿɯ ɫɷɪɰɵ ɱɭɥɿ ɜɚɠɧɚɟ ɰɹɠ ɤɚɟ ɿ ɪɚɲɭɱɚɟ ɿ ɪɵɯɬɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɉɚ ɧɚɱɵ ɹɧɵ ɩɟɪɚɣɲɥɿ ɡɚɛɚɥɚɰɶ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɝɚɺɤ Ɋɭɯɚɥɿɫɹ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɲɧɭɪɤɨɦ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɡɚ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɿ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɰɿɯɚ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɩɹɪɷɞɡɿʆ ɲɬɨ ɰɿɲɵɧɹ ² ɩɚɥɚɜɿɧɚ ɩɨɫɶɩɟɯɭ ʆ ɿɯ ɪɵɡɵɤɨʆɧɚɣ ɫɩɪɚɜɟ ɿ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɩɚɦɹɬɚɥɿ ɝɷɬɚ ɉɪɚʆɞɚ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɬɪɚɲɱɷɥɚ ɩɚɞ ɧɚɝɨɣ ɹɤɚɹ ɝɚɥɿɧɤɚ ɡɪɷɞɤɭ ɧɚɬɵɤɚʆ ɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɚɦɚɱɵɧɭ ɹɤɿ ɛɚɟɰ ² ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɰɿɯɟɧɶɤɚ ɲɵɤɚɥɿ ɫɭ ɫɟɞɡɿ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɭɫɺ ɫɶɰɿɯɚɥɚ Ⱦɚɡɨɪ ɡ ɀɭɤɚɦ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɬɚɤ ɫɚɦɚ ɿɲɨʆ ɲɧɭɪɤɨɦ ɤɨɠɧɵ ɹɤ ɤɨɥɟɱɵ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɩɹɪɷɞɧɹɝɚ ɿ ɤɿɪɚɜɚʆ ɫɶɥɟɞɚɦ ɍɫɺ ɿɲɥɨ ɥɚɞɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ʆ ɚɞɧɵɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɧɹ ɫɬɚ ɥɚɫɹ ɛɹɞɚ ɇɚ ɧɟɣɤɚɣ ɩɨɠɧɿ ɛ ɥɿɡ ɞɪɷʆ ɲɬɨ ɱɨɪɧɚɣ ɤɭɱɚɣ ɜɵɫɿɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɧɟɛɟ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɫɩɭɞɡɿʆ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɵ ʆɫɤɪɵɤ ² ȼɷɪ ɞɚ" ɉɚɪɨɥɟ * ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɫɬɭɥɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɪɨɫɧɵɦ ɞɨɥɟ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɫɩɪɵɬɧɚ ʆɥɟɝɥɚ ɤɚɥɨɧɚ ɞɚɡɨɪɰɵ ɩɪɵɝɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɩɚɞɚɥɿɫɹ ɧɚɡɚɞ Ⱦɨɛɪɚ ɲɬɨ ɬɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɠɧɿ ɛɵɥɚ ɝɭɫɬɚɹ ɝɚɥɶɥɺ ɧɟ ɬɪɚɩ ɥɹɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɧɿɲɬɨ ɧɹ ɜɵɞɚɥɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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² ȼɨɰɭ ɲɪɚɣɫɬ ɞɭ ɉɚɭɥɶ" Ƚɟɣɬ ɞɚ ɟɦɚɧɞ" ² Ƚɟɣɬ ɨɞɷɪ ɧɿɯɬ ɤɚɧ ɿɯ ɜɿɫɷɧ ² Ʉɜɚɬɱ ** ɉɚɥɹɠɚʆɲɵ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɡɶɧɹʆɫɹ ɿ ɩɚɜɹɪɧɭʆ ɭ ɛɨɤ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɩɚɰɹɝɧɭɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɡɦɪɨɤɭ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɀɭɤ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɚɛɦɿ ɧɭʆ ɹɝɨ ɲɚɩɧɭʆɲɵ ɲɬɨ ɩɨɣɞɡɟ ʆɩɟɪɚɞ ɫɶɥɟɞɚɦ ɩɚɞɚɥɿ ɫɹ ɞɚɡɨɪɧɵɹ Ɂ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɭ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɿɲɥɿ ɩɚ ɧɟɣɤɚɦɭ ɩɨɥɸ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɱɚɫɬɚ ɩɪɵɫɹɞɚʆ ɚɡɿɪɚʆɫɹ ɧɚʆɤɨɥɚ ɋɬɚɥɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɰɿɯɚ ɋɩɵɧɿɥɿ ɫɹ ɡɦɨʆɤɥɿ ʆɫɟ ɝɭɤɿ ɜɚɣɧɵ ɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɭɠɨ ɩɚɱɵɧɚʆ ɫɭɦɧɹ ɜɚɰɰɚ ɰɿ ɧɹ ɫɬɪɚɰɿʆ ɺɧ ɤɿɪɭɧɚɤ Ȭɧ ɩɪɵɝɚɞɜɚʆ ɭ ɩɚɦɹɰɿ ɫɜɨɣ ɧɚɱɧɵ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬ ɿ ɱɚɦɭɫɶɰɿ ɜɵɯɨɞɡɿɥɚ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɪɨ ɛɹɰɶ ɤɨɥɚ ɿ ɿɞɭɰɶ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɬɭɞɵ ɚɞɤɭɥɶ ɜɵɣɲɥɿ Ȭɧ ɰɿɯɚ ɩɵɬɚʆ ɭ ɫɭɫɟɞɡɹʆ ɰɿ ɧɟ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɿɦ ɲɬɨ ɹɧɵ ɿɞɭɰɶ ɧɟ ɬɭɞɵ ©Ɂɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɥɹɜɟɣ ɛɪɚɰɶ ² ɲɚɩɬɚʆ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ©Ⱦɵ ɧɭ ɥɹɜɟɣ ² ɤɚɡɚʆ Ɇɚɰɟɣɤɚ ² ɉɪɚɜɟɣ ɬɪɷɛɚª ©ɇɭ ɜɨɫɶ ² ɞɭɦɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɿ ɜɵɜɟʆ ɑɨɪɬ ɛɵ ʆɡɹʆ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɰɿɲ ɯɨɰɶ ɛɵ ɫɬɪɷɥ ɞɡɟª əɧɵ ʆɫɺ ɿɲɥɿ ɩɚ ɧɟɣɤɚɣ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɟ ɧɚʆɫɤɚɫɹɤ ɩɟɪɚɣɲɥɿ ɩɚɥɹɜɭɸ ɞɚɪɨɠɤɭ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɪ ɚɩɬɚɦ ɡɶɥɟ ɜɚ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɩɚɪɭɲɵɥɚ ɰɿɲɵɧɸ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɧɚɹ ɱɚɪɝɚ əɧɚ ɡɚɰɿɯ ɥɚ ɿ ɪɷɯɚ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɚɞɧɟɫɥɚ ʆ ɧɨɱ ɹɟ ɝɪɭɤɚɬɥɿɜɵ ɚɞɝɚɥɨɫɚɤ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɿɫɹ ɩɪɵɫɥɭɯɚɥɿɫɹ ɚɥɟ ɫɬɪɷɥɚʆ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɬɚɞɵ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚɟ ɛɥɭɤɚɧɶɧɟ ɧɟ ɞɚ ɜɹɞɡɟ ɞɚ ɞɚɛɪɚ Ȭɧ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɪɚɣɲɨʆ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɩɚ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɟ ɿ ɫɩɵɧɿʆ ɤɚɥɨɧɭ ʆ ɠɵɰɟ ɧɚ ɲɵɪɨɤɿɦ ɭɡɶɦɟɠɤɭ ɞɡɟ ɜɵɫɿ ɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɧɚɱɧɵɦ ɧɟɛɟ ɞɨʆɝɚɹ ɲɚɪɷɧɝɚ ɦɚʆɤɥɿɜɵɯ ɬɚɩɨɥɹʆ ² ɇɭ ɲɬɨ ɞɚɥɟɣ" ² ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɚɧɚɧɬ ² Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɜɵɹɜɿɰɶ ɞɡɟ ɦɵ Ɍ ɚɤ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ɛɥɭɤɚɰɶ Ɇɨɠɚ ɦɵ ɡɧɨʆ ɞɚ ɧɟɦɰɚʆ ɿɞɡɺɦ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɲɬɨ ² ɞɚɞɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆɲɵ ² Ȼɚɟɰ ɀɭɤ ɛɚɟɰ Ɇɚɰɟɣɤɚ ɩɨɣɞɡɟɰɟ ʆ ɪ ɚɡɶɜɟɞɤɭ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɡɧɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɹɤɭɸ ɏɬɨ" ɉɚɪɨɥɶ ɑɚɝɨ ɬɵ ɤɪɵɱɵɲ ɉɚʆɥɶ" ȱɞɡɟ ɯɬɨ" ² ȱɞɡɟ ɰɿ ɧɟ ɲɬɨ ɹ ɦɚɝɭ ɜɟɞɚɰɶ ² Ƚɥɭɩɫɬɜɚ ( ɧɹɦ
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ɜɺɫɤɭ ɿ ɪɚɫɩɵɬɚɰɶ ɭ ɠɵɯɚɪɨʆ ɚɛɫɬɚɧɨʆɤɭ Ɇɵ ɛɭɞɡɟɦ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɬɭɬ ɏɥɨɩɰɵ ɹɦɱɷɣ ɩɚɞɞɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɩɥɟɱɵ ɡɛɪɨɸ ɿ ɫɵɲɥɿɫɹ ɪɚ ɡɚɦ ɥɹ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɚ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɩɚɦɤɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɞɨɥɭ ² , ɹ ɩɚɣɞɭ ɡ ɿɦɿ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ əɧɵ ʆɬɪɨɯ ɚɞɵɲɥɿ ʆ ɡɛɚɠɵɧɭ ɩɪɵɫɥɭɯɚɥɿɫɹ ɡɝɚɞɜɚ ɸɱɵ ɭ ɹɤɿ ɛɨɤ ɩɚɞɚɰɰɚ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɡɚɲɚɦɚɰɟɥɚ ɠɵɬɚ ɿ ɯɥɨɩ ɰɵ ɩɪɚɩɚɥɿ ʆ ɰɟɦɪɵ ©ɇɭ ɜɨɫɶ ɿ ɜɵɜɟʆ ² ɡɶɟɞɥɿɜɚ ɞɚɤɚɪɚʆ ɫɹɛɟ ʆ ɞɭɦɤɚɯ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ² ɜɨɫɶ ɿ ɫɩɪɚʆɞɡɿʆ ɥɸɞɫɤɿɹ ɧɚɞɡɟɿ Ɋɚɡɶɜɿɞɧɟɟ ² ɧɟɦɰɵ ʆɛɚɱɚɰɶ ɞɭɪɧɵɯ ɧɚɱɥɟɠɧɿɤɚʆ ɿ ɞɚɞɭɰɶ ɬɚɞɵ Ɍ ɭɬ ɭɠɨ ɧɚʆɪɚɞ ɰɿ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɝɭɰɶ ɯɭɬɤɿɹ ɧɨɝɿª ȱɲɨʆ ɱɚɫ ɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞɤɚ ɧɟ ɜɹɪɬɚɥɚɫɹ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɫɹɞɡɟʆ ɭɫɺ ɚɛɯɚɩɿʆɲɵ ɤɚɥɟɧɿ ɪɭɤɚɦɿ ɿ ɞɭɦɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɤɚɥɿ ɀɭɤ ɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɩɷʆɧɚɝɚ ɧɟ ɩɪɵɧɹɫɭɰɶ ɡ ɫɚɛɨɣ ɉɨ ɬɵɦ ɺɧ ɭ ɫɬɚʆ ɤɚɛ ɚɞɚɝɧɚɰɶ ɚɞ ɫɹɛɟ ɫɨɧ ɿ ɩɪɚɣɲɨʆɫɹ ɩɚɞ ɬɚɩɨɥɹɦɿ əɤ ɡɚʆɫɺɞɵ ɫɤɚ ɪɵɫɬɚʆɲɵ ɩɪɵɩɵɧɚ ɤ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɫɩɚɥɿ ɰɿ ɦɨ¶ ɬɚɤ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ɩɪɵɰɿɯɲɵ ɉɚɞ ɞɪɷɜɚɦ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɥɟɬɭɰɟɧɧɚ ɩɪɚɤɚɡɚʆ ɧɿ ɞɚ ɤɚɝɨ ɧɟ ɡɶɜɹɪɬɚɸɱɵɫɹ ©ɗɯ ɛɵɱɤɚ ɛ ɞɡɟ ɡɧɚɣɫɶɰɿ ɬɚɤ ɤɭɪɵɰɶ ɯɨɱɚɰɰɚ ª ɍ ɞɪɭɝɿɦ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɞɜɨɟ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɫɹɛɪɵ ɰɿɯɚ ɪɚɡɦɚʆɥɹɥɿ ɦɿɠ ɫɚɛɨɸ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɞɭɦɚʆ ɦɹɪɤɭɸɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɩɪɚ ɿɯɧɿɹ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɵɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ɭɫɥɭɯɚʆɫɹ ² ɧɟ Ⱥɞɡɿɧ ɪɚɫɤɚɡɜɚʆ ɞɪɭɝɨɦɭ ɩɪɚ ɞɚɜɚɟɧɧɚɟ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɫɹɦ¶ɸ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ± ɩɪɚ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɞɚɥɺɤɿɹ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɬɚɩɨɥɹʆ ɿ ɝ ɷɬɚɣ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɚɣ ɧɹɩɷʆɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɪɵɝɚɞɚʆ ɬɚɞɵ ɿ ɫɜɚɺ ɚɫɚɛɿɫɬɚɟ ɪɨɞɧɵɹ ɦɟɫɰɵ ɲɬɨ ɧɟɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɪɚɫɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɬɭɬ ɫɬɚɪɭɸ ɦɚɬɭɥɸ əɤ ɹɧɚ ɧɚɩɷʆɧɚ ɛɹɞɭɟ ɬɚɦ ² ɿ ɡɚ ɫɹɦ¶ɸ ɿ ɡɚ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ©ɫɬɚɪ ɲɚɧɶɤɚɝɚª ɉɷʆɧɚ ɞɭɦɚɟ ɞɡɟ ɺɧ ɰɿ ɠɵɜɵ ɚ ɺɧ ɜɨɫɶ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɚɞ ɹɟ ɿ ɠɵɜɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɧɟɲɱɚɫɶɥɿɜɵ ɚɞ ɪɨɡ ɧɵɯ ɜɚɣɫɤɨɜɵɯ ɧɹʆɞɚɱ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɪɵɣɲɨʆ ɭ ɯɜɨɫɬ ɤɚɥɨɧɵ ɬɭɬ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɚɪɨɛɧɵɯ ɡ ɠɷɪɞɚɤ ɧɚɫɿɥɤɚɯ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ɱɚɰɶɜɺɪɚ ɰɹɠɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵɯ Ⱥɞɡɿɧ ɭɫɺ ɫɬɚɝɧɚʆ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɲɚɜɹɥɿʆɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɿɦ ɉɹɬ ɪɭɫɶ ɰɿɯɚ ɫɩɵɬɚʆ ɞɡɟ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ² Ɍ ɭɬ ɹ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² ɰɿɯɚ ɚɡɜɚʆɫɹ ɛɚɟɰ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɞɵɲɨʆ ɞɚ ɞɪɷɜɚ ɧɚɯɿɥɿʆɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚɦ — ɇɭ ɹɤ ɜɚɦ ɞɡɹɞɡɶɤɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ Ȼɚɥɿɰɶ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ" ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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² Ɍ ɚɤ ɰɿ ɜɟɞɚɟɲ ɞɭɲɵɰɶ ɭɫɺ ɇɹ ɬɚɤ ɛɚɥɿɰɶ ɹɤ ɞɭ ɲɵɰɶ ȱ ɤɚɲɥɹɧɭɰɶ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ² ɲɷɩɬɚɦ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ² ɇɭ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɉɚɬɪɵɜɚɣɰɟ ɹɤ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɭɠɨ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ² ɰɿɯɚ ɫɭɩɚɤɨɣɜɚʆ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ² Ȼɥɿɡɤɚ ɬɨ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɚɥɟ ɿ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ȼɺɪɫɬ ɧɹɦɧɨɝɚ ɞɵ ɰɹɠɤɿɹ ɬɵɹ ɜɺɪɫɬɵ Ⱥɫɶɰɟɪɚɝɚɰɰɚ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ ɩɪɵɞɭɲɚɧɵ ɰɹɠɚɪɚɦ ɤɥɨɩɚɬɭ ɇɭɩ ɪɷɟʆ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɹɝɨ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɜɚɧɶɧɿ ɿ ʆ ɫɜɚɸ ɱɚɪɝɭ ɩɚɱɚʆ ɫɭɩɚɤɨɣɜɚɰɶ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ² ɇɟ ɛɹɞɭɣ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ əɤ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɚɛɵɣɞɡɟɰɰɚ ² ȼɟɞɚɟɰɟ ɞɡɹɞɡɶɤɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɦɨɠɚ ɥɟɩɟɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɛ ɞɡɟ ɡɚɯɚɜɚɰɰɚ ʆ ɥɟɫɟ ɞɚɱɚɤɚɰɰɚ ɜɿɞɧɚ ɞɵ ɪɚɡɝɥɟɞɡɟɰɶ ɪɚɡɶɜɟ ɞɚɰɶ ɭɫɺ Ⱥ ɬɚɤ ɱɨɪɬ ɹɝɨ ɜɟɞɚɟ ɞɡɟ ɲɬɨ ² ɇɟ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɧɹ ɬɪɷɛɚ ² ɥɟɞɡɶ ɱɭɬɧɚ ɩɹɪɷɱɵʆ ɇɭɩ ɪɷɟʆ ² Ʌɹ ɩɟɪɚɞɚɜɨɣ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɱɧɚ ɱɚɤɚɰɶ ɍɫɸɞɵ ʆ ɩɨɥɿ ɫɚɥɞɚɬɵ Ɍ ɨ ɫɭɜɹɡɿɫɬɵ ɬɨ ɩɚɫɵɥɶɧɵɹ Ⱥɪɬɵɥɟɪɵɿ ɩɨ ʆɧɚ Ⱥɞɪɚɡɭ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɚɰɶ ² ɇɭ ɚ ɬɚɤ ɲɬɨ ɠ ɪɚɛɿɰɶ" Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɬɭɬ ɭɛɚɱɚɰɶ" ² ɇɚɜɨɲɬɚ" Ⱦɚ ɡɨɥɚɤɭ ɬɪɷɛɚ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɿ ² ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɞɚ ɜɨɞɡɿʆ ɛ ɚɟɰ ɿ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɹɝɨ ɫɩɚɤɨɸ ɿ ʆɩɷʆɧɟɧɚɫɶɰɿ ɥɹɝɱɷɣ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɿ ɧɚ ɯɥɚɩɟɱɚɣ ɞɭɲɵ Ȭɧ ɩɚɞɫɭɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɚ ɿ ɰɿɯɚ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɹɦɭ ɬɨɟ ɲɬɨ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɧɟɩɚɤɨɿɥɚ ɫɚɦɨɝɚ ² ɋɤɚɠɵɰɟ ɧɹʆɠɨ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɤɚɛ ɩɚɫɶɥɹ ʆɫɹɝɨ ɲɬɨ ɦɵ ɫɬɪɵɜɚɥɿ ɦɚɝɥɨ ɡɞɚɪɵɰɰɚ ɹɤɨɟ ɝɨɪɲɚɟ ɥɿɯɚ" ² ɇɭ ɹɤ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ² ɰɿɯɚ ɪɚɡɜɚɠɚʆ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ² ɡɞɚ ɪɵɰɰɚ ʆɫɺ ɦɨɠɚ ɏɿɛɚ ɞɨʆɝɚ ɡɧɨʆ ɧɚɩɚɪɨɰɰɚ ɞɡɟ Ƚɥɹɞɡɟɰɶ ɬɪɷɛɚ Ⱦ ɭɦɚɰɶ Ɇɚɥɚ ɫɿɥɵ ² ɧɚ ɯɿɬɪɚɫɶɰɶ ɛɪɚɰɶ ɹɤ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɬɨɣ ©ɗɯ ɧɹʆɠɨ ɧɹ ʆɞɚɫɰɚ ɧɹʆɠɨ ɧɚɩɨɪɚɦɫɹ ɞɡɟ ɿ ɡɚɝɭɛɿɦ ɭɫɿɯ ² ɩɚɤɭɬɚɜɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² , ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɬɚɞɵ ɰɿ ʆɞɚɫɰɚ ɡɧɨʆ ɜɵɪɚɬɚɜɚɰɶ ɫɶɰɹɝ ª Ʉɚɥɿ ɜɹɪɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞɱɵɤɿ ɦɚɛɵɰɶ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɠɨ ɧɟɞɚ ɥɺɤɚ ɞɚ ɪɚɧɿɰɵ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɫɚɦ ɡɚɦɟɫɬ ɜɚɪɬɚɜɨɝɚ ɫɭɫɬɪɷʆ ɿɯ ɧɚɞ ɬɚɩɨɥɹɦɿ ² ɹɧɵ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɿɲɥɿ ɩɚ ʆɡɦɟɠɤɭ ɉɟɪɚɞ ɯ ɥɨɩ ɰɚɦ ɱɚɦɭɫɶɰɿ ɫɩɵɧɿɥɚɫɹ ɱɚɬɵɪɵ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɿ ɿ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɸɱɵ ɹɤ ɡɧɨʆ ɬɪɵɜɨɠɧɚ ɡɚɛɿɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɝɪɭɞɡɹɯ ɹɝɨ ɫɷɪɰɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɧɚɪɨɤ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɡɚɩɵɬɚʆ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ² ɇɭ ɹɤ" 180
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² Ⱥ ɜɨɫɶ ɬɚɤ ² ɡɦɨɪɚɧɚ ɚɞɤɚɡɚʆ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ² ɋɩɪɚɜɚ ɲɜɚɯ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɫɶɩɹɲɚɰɰɚ ² Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɠɚ ʆɡɶɧɿɦɚɰɶ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɿ ɿɫɶɰɿ ȼɨɫɶ ɱɚɥɚ ɜɟɤ ɞɚɩɚɦɨɠɚ ² ɞɚɞɚʆ Ɇɚɰɟɣɤɚ ² ɇɭ ɜɵ ɪɚɫɤɚɡɜɚɣɰɟ ɩɚ ɥɸɞɫɤɭ ² ɧɟɰɹɪɩɥɿɜɚ ɩɟɪɚɛɿʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɿ ɫɟʆ ɧɚ ɞɨɥ Ɋɚɡɶɜɟɞɱɵɤɿ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɫɟɥɿ Ɇɚɰɟɣɤɚ ɿ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ± ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɞɚ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ² ɋɩɪɚɜɚ ɬɚɤɚɹ ² ɩɚɱɚʆ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ± ɇɟɞɚɥɺɤɚ Ⱦɧɹɩ ɪɨ ɇɚɲɵɯ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɜɺɫɤɿ ɹɤ ɹɟ" ² ɡɶɜɹɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɞɚ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɚɝɚ ² Ⱦ ɚ Ʉɥɹɫɶɰɿɱ ² ɚɞɝɭɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɬɨɣ ² Ⱦɚ Ʉɥɹɫɶɰɿɱ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɧɚɲɵɯ ɧɚ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɛɟɪɚɡɟ ɧɹɦɚ Ⱥ ɤɚɥɹ Ʉɥɹɫɶɰɿɱ ɩɟɪɚɩɪɚɜɚ Ɂ ɩɨʆɞɧɹ ɱɚɫɶɰɿ ɿ ɝɪɭɡɵ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɟɪɚɩɪɚʆɥɹɸɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɬɨɣ ɛɨɤ ɧɭ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɿ ɛ¶ɸɰɶ ɡɚɯɚɩɿɰɶ ɩɟɪɚɩɪɚɜɭ Ɍ ɚɦ ɿɞɡɟ ɥɸɬɵ ɛɨɣ ɭɠɨ ɞɜɚ ɞɧɿ ɋɺɧɶɧɹ ɲɬɨɫɶ ɡɚɰɿɯɥɚ ɚɥɟ ɜɨɫɶ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɤɚɠɚ ɹɧɵ ɧɚɩɺɪɥɿ ɧɨɜɚɣ ɫɿɥɵ ɿ ɡɚʆɬɪɚ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɭɞɚɪɚɰɶ ² Ɍ ɚɤ ɬɚɤ ² ɚɠɵɜɿʆɫɹ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² Ɂɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɡɚʆɬɪɚ ʆɞɚɪɚɰɶ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɚɩɪɚɜɭ" Ⱥ ɞɡɟ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ɝɷɬɵɹ Ʉɥɹɫɶɰɿɱɵ" ² Ⱦɵ ɹɤɨɟ ɞɚɥɺɤɚ ² ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɜɹɪɫɬɵ ɡ ɱɚɬɵɪɵ ² ɡɚɜɚ ɪɭɲɵʆɫɹ ʆ ɰɟɦɪɵ ɧɟɡɧɚɺɦɵ ² ɋɥɭɯɚɣ ɜɨɫɶ ɦɵ ɹɝɨ ʆɡɹɥɿ ʆ ɩɪɚɜɚɞɧɿɤɿ ² ɪɚɫɬɥɭɦɚ ɱɵʆ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ² Ɍ ɚɤ ɬɚɤ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɸ ² ɡɚɞɭɦɟɧɧɚ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ² ɇɭ ɲɬɨ ɠ Ⱦɚɜɚɣ Ɇɚɰɟɣɤɚ ʆɡɪɚɞɚɜɚɧɚ ʆɫɯɚɩɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɨɝɿ ² ɇɭ ɜɨɫɶ ɹ ɠ ɤɚɡɚʆ ɍɞɚɪɵɦ ɥɭɩɹɧɺɦ ɤɚɛ ɩɭɯ ɩɹɪɨ ɡ ɿɯ ɩɚɫɵɩɚɥɚɫɹ əɧɵ ʆ ɧɚɫ ɩɚɛɚɱɚɰɶ ɩɟɪɚɩɪɚɜɭ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɛ ɱɚɫ ɬɚɤɿ ɜɵɛɪɚɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɰɸɰɟɥɶɤɚ ʆ ɰɸɰɟɥɶɤɭ ɧɟ ɪɚɧɟɣ ɿ ɧɟ ɩɚɡɶɧɟɣ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɚɞɛ ɟɝ ɭ ɰɟɦɪɵ ɞɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚ ɿ ɤɨɪɚɬɤɚ ɩɚ ɜɟɞɚɦɿʆ ɹɦɭ ɚ ɛ ɧɨɜɚɣ ɡɚɞɭɦɟ Ȼɚɟɰ ɡ ɭ ɥɚɫɶɰɿɜɚɣ ɹɦɭ ɫɬɪɵɦɚɧɚɫɶɰɸ ɜɵɫɥɭɯɚʆ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɹ ɩɚɞɭɦɚ ʆ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɿ ɩɚ ɝɚɞɡɿʆɫɹ ² Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɝɥɹɞɡɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ² ɞɚɞɚʆ ɺɧ ɡ ɞɨɥɭ ² ɬɵ ɤɚ ɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɬɚɛɟ ɿ ɚɞɤɚɡɜɚɰɶ ɡɚ ʆɫɺ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɠɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɬɭɸ ɚɞɤɚɡɧɚɫɶɰɶ ɚɥɟ ɧɚ ɦɟɪ ɹɝɨ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɧɟ ɡɶɦɹɧɿʆɫɹ əɧɵ ʆɫɟ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ʆɡɶɧɿɦɚɰɶ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɿ ʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɜɚɣ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ʆɠɨ ɧɟɫɶɥɿɫɹ ɧɨɜɵɹ ɞɭɦɤɿ ² ɧɨɜɵ ɡɚɩɚɥ ɛɚɪɚɰɶɛɵ ɡɚɯɚɩɿʆ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɚɞ ɛɵɥɵɯ ɩɚɤɭɬ ɿ ɫɭɦɧɟɧɶɧɹʆ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ɿ ɫɶɥɟɞɭ Ɋɚɡɶɞɡɟɥ ɬɪɵɧɚɰɰɚɬɵ ² ɒɵɪɷɣ ɤɪɨɤ ɲɵɪɷɣ ɤɪɨɤ ɯɥɨɩɱɵɤɿ ² ɥɚɝɨɞɧɚ ɿ ʆɡɪɭɲɚɧɚ ɲɚɩɬɚʆ ɭ ɰɟɦɪɭ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ əɧɵ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɫɶɩɹɲɚ ɥɿɫɹ ɞɡɹɞɡɶɤɚ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɲɥɹɯ ɿ ɠɜɚɜɚ ɜɺʆ ɚɬ ɪɚɞ ɥɚɝɱɵɧɚɦɿ ɪɚʆɤɚɦɿ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɨɦ ɚ ɧɚ ʆɫɯɨɞɡɟ ʆɠɨ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɟɥɚ ɧɟɛɚ ©ɏɨɰɶ ɛɵ ɩɚɫɶɩɟɰɶ ɯɨɰɶ ɛɵ ɩɚɫɶɩɟɰɶª ² ɭ ɬɚɤɬ ɫɬɭɤɚɦ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺɜɚɝɚ ɫɷɪɰɚ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɥɚ ʆ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ʆɩɚɪɬɚɹ ɞɭɦɤɚ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɚ ɫɶɜɿɬɚɧɶɧɹ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɿ ɞɚ ɝɷ ɬɵɯ Ʉɥɹɫɶɰɿɱ ɿ ɬɚɦ ɡɶɧɹɧɚɰɤɭ ʆɞɚɪɵɰɶ ɭ ɫɶɩɿɧɭ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɡɶɛɹɧɬɷɠɵɰɶ ɹɝɨ ɿ ɩɪɚɪɜɚɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɚɩɪɚɜɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɲɩɚɪɤɚ ɿɲɨʆ ɩɚ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɰɵ ʆɫɶɥɟɞ ɡɚ ɧɚɱ ɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɚɞɧɿɤɨɦ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɰɿɯɚ ɝɭɤɧɭʆ ɡɡɚɞɭ ɏɥɨɩɟɰ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ² ɧɟɡɧɚɺɦɵ ɛɚɟɰ ɞɚɝɚɧɹʆ ɹɝɨ ² Ɍɚɜɚɪɵɲ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɬɚɦ ɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɵ ɩɪɨɫɿɰɶ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡɞɚɝɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟʆ ɿ ɫɵɲɨʆɲɵ ɫɚ ɫɶɰɟɠɤɿ ɩɚ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɍ ɪɷɞɤɿɦ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɿ ɹɧɵ ɧɚɩɚɬɤɚɥɿ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚɝɚ ɧɚɫɿɥɶɲɱɵɤɚ ² ɧɚɫɿɥɤɿ ɡ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤɚɦ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ʆ ɞɨɥɟ ² ɒɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ" ɒɬɨ" ² ɬɨɹɱɵ ɬɪɵɜɨɝɭ ɩɵɬɚʆɫɹ ɫɟɪ ɠɚɧɬ ² ȼɨɫɶ ɩɚɦɺɪ ² ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɛɚɟɰ ɜɵɫɨɤɿ ɯɭɞɵ ɿ ɬɨɧɤɿ ɹɤ ɠɚɪɞɡɿɧɚ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ² ɍɫɺ ɧɿɲɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɚ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɪɭɤɚ ɡɜɚɥɿɥɚɫɹ ə ɩɚɩɪɚɜɿʆ ɤɚɠɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɩɚɤɥɿɱ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɯɚɱɭ ȱ ʆɠɨ ʆɫɺ ɋɭɦɧɵɹ ɠɚɥɨɛɧɵɹ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɧ ɶɧɿ ɬɭɝɿɦ ɤɚɦɹɤɨɦ ɩɚɞ ɤɚɰɿɥɿ ɞɚ ɝɨɪɥɚ ² ɬɚɤɚɹ ɝɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɛɚɥɸɱɚɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɚ ɿ ʆ ɬɚɤɿ ɰɹɠɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɇɟ ɧɚɦɧɨɝɚ ɺɧ ɩɟɪɚɠɵʆ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɫɩɚɞɚɪɨɠɧɿɤɚ ɬɚɝɨ ɬɪɨɯɿ ɞɡɿɜɚɜɚɬɚɝɚ ɞɡɟɞɚ Ɍ ɚɤ ɿ ɧɟ ɡɛɵɥɚɫɹ ɿɯɧɹɹ ɧɚɞ ɡɟɹ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɿ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɧɟɦɰɚ , ɬɚɤ ɦɚɥɚ ɡɚɫɬɚɥɨɫɹ ʆɠɨ ɿɫɶɰɿ ɿ ɬɚɤ ɩɚɬɪɷɛɧɵ ɛɵʆ ɺɧ ɫɶɜɟɬɥɚɣ ɿ ɦɭɞɪɚɣ ɞɭɲɵ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɤ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɜɵɧɹʆ ɡ ɇɭɩɪɷɟɜɚɣ ɤɿɲɷɧɿ ɹɝɨɧɵɹ ɞɚɤɭɦɟɧ ɬɵ ɩɨɬɵɦ ɭɬɪɨɯ ɹɧɵ ɚɞɧɟɫɶɥɿ ɧɹɛɨɠɱɵɤɚ ɚɞ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɤɿ ɿ ɡɚɝɚɪɧɭɥɿ ɰɟɥɚ ɲɚɪɯɨɬɤɚɣ ɥɭɛɹɧɨɣ ɩɚɥɚɬɤɚɣ ɲɬɨ ʆɡɹɥɿ ɡ ɧɚɫɿɥɚɤ 182
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Ȼɚɣɰɵ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɞɚɝɚɧɹɰɶ ɤɚɥɨɧɭ ɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɚ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɤɪɵɯɭ ɠɭɪɛɨɬɧɵ ɿ ɫɭɪɨɜɵ Ʉɚɦɹɤ ɭɫɺ ɞɭɲɵʆ ɝɨɪɥɚ ɚɥɟ ɫɶɥɺɡ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɚ ɛɵʆ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɬɭɩɵ ɡɚɰɹɬɵ ɛɨɥɶ ɉɨɬɵɦ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɛɟɝ Ⱥ ʆɫɯɨɞ ɭɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɿ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɪɚɡɛɚʆɥɹʆ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɨɦ ɫɿɧɹɜɭ ɪɚɧɿɲɧɹɝɚ ɧɟɛɚ ɬɭɥɿʆɫɹ ɚɫɹɞɚʆ ɩɚɞ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɟɦ ɡɦɪɨɤ ² ɩɚɜɨɥɿ ɜɿɞɧɟɥɚ ȼɭɡɤɚɣ ɫɶɰɹɠɵɧɤɚɣ ɭ ɯ ɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɭ ɹɧɵ ɲɩɚɪɤɚ ɤɪɨɱɵɥɿ ɚɛɬɪɚɫɚɸɱɵ ɪɨɫɧɚɟ ɜɟɰɶɰɟ ² ɏɭɬɱɷɣ ɛɪɚɬɨɱɤɿ ɯ ɭɬɱɷɣ ² ɪɚɡ ɩɨɪɚɡ ɝɭɱɧɚ ɩɪɚɫɿʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɇɟɞɡɟ ʆ ɞɭɲɵ ɰɿɯɟɧɶɤɚ ɿ ɧɚɫɬɨɣɥɿɜɚ ɬɥɟʆ ɫɬɪɚɯ ɧɟ ɩɚɬɪɚɩɿɰɶ ɧɚ Ʉɥɹɫɶɰɿɱɵ ɰɿ ɡɶɧɹɧɚɰɤɭ ɞɡɟ ɧɚɪɜɚɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɜɨɪɚɝɚʆ ɱɭɥɚɫɹ ɲɦɚɬ ɧɟɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɿ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɚɥɟ ɩɟɪɚɣ ɧɚɱɜɚɰɶ ɫɩɪɚɜɭ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɤɚɥɿ Ɂ ɯɦɵɡɶɧɹɤɭ ɹɧɵ ɜɵɫɵɩɚɥɿ ʆ ɪɷɞɤɿ ɫɚɫɧɨɜɵ ɝɚɺɤ ɇɟɞɡɟ ɡɚ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɝɚɣɤɨɦ ɝɪɵɦɟɥɿ ɜɵɛɭɯɿ ɝɪɭɤɚɰɟɥɿ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɵ ɿ ɜɚ ʆɫɿɯ ɛɚɤɚɯ ɤɚɥɚɰɿɥɚ ɥɹɫɧɵɹ ɩɪɚɫɬɨɪɵ ɝɚɥɚɫɿɫɬɚɟ ɪɷɯɚ Ƚɚɺɤ ɚɞɧɚɤ ɰɹɝɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɨʆɝɚ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɪɚɫɫɵɩɚɥɿɫɹ ɦɿɠ ɪɷɞɤɿɯ ɫɨɫɧɚʆ ɿ ɛɹɡɥɚɞɧɚɣ ɝɭɪɛɨɣ ɛɟɝɥɿ ʆ ɧɚɩɪɚɦɤɭ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɧɿɧɵ ɉɚɫɶɥɹ ɧɚ ʆɡɶɥɟɫɤɭ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɲɥɹɯɭ ɫɭɫɬɪɷʆɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ɚɥɟɲɧɿɤ ɩɟɪɚɚɞɨɥɟʆɲɵ ɹɤɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɟɪɲɵ ɜɵɪɜɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɩɨɥɟ Ɍ ɚɤ ɹɧɵ ɫɩɚɡɶɧɿɥɿɫɹ ɇɚ ʆɡɶɥɟɫɤɭ ʆ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɰɹɝɧɭʆɫɹ ɥɚɧɰɭɝ ɩɚɤɿɧɭɬɵɯ ɚɤɨɩɚʆ ² ɞɨɛɪɚ ɚɛɫɬɚɥɹɜɚɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɥ ɤɨɜɵɯ ɹɱɷɟɤ ȼɿɞɚɰɶ ɬɭɬ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɚ ɛɵɥɿ ɜɨɪɚɝɿ ɧɚ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟɪɚɯ ɜɚɥɹɥɿɫɹ ɩɚɪɨɠɧɿɹ ɝɿɥɶɡɵ ɩɭɫɬɵɹ ɩɚɱɤɿ ɚɞ ɫɿɝɚɪɷɬ ɲɦɚɬɤɿ ɩɚɩɟɪɵ Ⱦɧɨ ɚɤɨɩɱɵɤɚʆ ʆɫɶɰɿɥɚɥɚ ʆɬɚɩ ɬɚɧɚɹ ɬɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɹɤɨɣ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɭ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɥɹɠɚɥɿ ɮɚɲɵɫɬɵ ɇɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɪɚɡɶɥɟɝɥɚɫɹ ɧɹɤɨɲɚɧɚɹ ɫɟɧɚɠɚɰɶ ɚ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɡɚ ɧɿɡɿɧɚɣ ɜɵɫɿʆɫɹ ɞɜɭɯɝɨɪɛɵ ɝɨɥɵ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɤ ɚɞɤɭɥɶ ɧɹɡɦɨʆ ɱɧɵɦ ɝɪɵɦɨɰɶɰɟɦ ɤɚɥɵɯɚɥɚ ɚɛɲɚɪɵ ɥɸɬɚɹ ɛɨɣɤɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɹɤ ɭɤɚɩɚɧɵ ɫɩɵɧɿʆɫɹ ɧɚ ʆɡɶɥɟɫɤɭ ɿ ʆɩɿʆɫɹ ɜɚɱɵɦɚ ʆ ɝɷɬɵ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɤ ɇɟɦɰɚʆ ɬɚɦ ɭɠɨ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɟɪɲɚɹ ɥɿɧɿɹ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɣ ɧɚ ɫɯɿɥɟ ɦɚʆɱɚɥɚ ɥɹ ɹɟ ɝɚɪɷɥɿ ɞɜɚ ɫɤɚɫɚɛɨɱɚɧɵɹ ɬɚɧɤɿ ɛɨɣ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɿɲɨʆ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɚɣ ɜɹɪɲɵɧɟ ɿ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɧɚ ɬɵɦ ɫɯɿɥɟ Ȼɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɹɤ ɛɟɝɚɥɿ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɥɿ ɬɚɦ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɿɹ ʆ ɞɚɥɟɱɵɧɿ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɿ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɚɞɪɨɡɶɧɿɰɶ ɫɜɚɿɯ ɚɞ ɱɭɠɵɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɹɠɤɚ Ɂ ɤɭɫɬɨʆɹ ɧɚ ʆɡɶɥɟɫɚɤ ɜɵɛɹɝɚɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɪɚɫɯɿɧɚɸɱɵ ɝɚɥɶɥɺ ɜɵɫɤɚɱɵʆ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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² ɋɩɚɡɶɧɿɥɿɫɹ " ² ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɺɧ ɉɚɱɚɤɚʆɲɵ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɭ ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɡ ɥɟɫɭ ɜɵɛɹɠɵɰɶ ɪɷɲɬɚ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɫɤɚɦɚɧɞɚɜɚʆ ɥɸɞɡɹɦ ² ɍɩɪɚɜɚ ɿ ʆɥɟɜɚ ² ɭ ɥɚɧɰɭɝ Ȼɚɣɰɵ ɧɹʆɦɟɥɚ ɧɟɹɤ ɪɚɡɝɚɪɧɭɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɜɵɝɧɭɬɵ ʆ ɫɹ ɪɷɞɡɿɧɟ ɧɹɪɨʆɧɵ ɥɚɧɰɭɝ ɿ ɩɚɲɵɛɚɜɚɥɿ ɩɚ ɫɟɧɚɠɚɰɿ ɉɹɬ ɪɭɫɶ ɡɧɨʆ ɛɟɝ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡ ɀɭɤɚɦ ɿ ɛɹɡ ɞɭɦɚɤ ɭ ɝɚɥɚɜɟ ɚɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɶɤɿ ɞɭɲɨɣ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɤɚɥɿ ɹɧɵ ɫɩɨɡɶɧɹɰɰɚ ɿ ɧɚ ɝɷ ɬɭɸ ɜɵɲɵɧɸ ɿ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ ɞɚ ɩɟɪɚɩɪɚɜɵ ɬɨ ɫɺɧɶɧɹ ɿɯɧɿɹ ɩɚɤɭɬɵ ɿ ɧɚɦɚɝɚɧɶɧɿ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɫɤɨɧɱɚɰɰɚ ɧɚɡɚʆɫɺɞɵ ɇɹ ɬɚɤ ɭɠɨ ɲɦɚɬ ɿ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ, ɿ ɛɨɟɩɪɵɩɚɫɚʆ ɤɚɛ ɭ ɚɞɤɪɵɬɵɦ ɩɨɥɿ ɜɵɬɪɵɦɚɰɶ ɫɭɬɵɱɤɭ ɡ ɪɷɝɭɥɹɪɧɵɦ ɧɹɦɟɰɤɿɦ ɜɨɣɫɤɚɦ Ɍ ɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɩɚɞ ɝɪɭɤɚɬ ɛɨɸ ɧɚɞ ɩɨɥɟɦ ɭɫɯɨɞɡɿɥɚ ɫɨɧ ɰɚ ɉɪɚɦɧɿɫɬɚɟ ɿ ɹɪɤɚɟ ɹɧɨ ɫɶɦɟɥɚ ɜɵɧɿɤɥɚ ɡ ɡɚ ɫɿɧɹɜɚ ɬɚɣ ɡɚɪɷɱɧɚɣ ɞɚɥɟɱɵ ɿ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɯɥɵɧɭɥɚ ɧɚ ɥɟɬɧɿɹ ɩɪɚɫɬɨ ɪɵ ɩɚɬɨɤɚɦɿ ɡɿɯɚɬɥɿɜɚɝɚ ɫɶɜɹɬɥɚ Ⱦɨɥ ɡɚɩɹɪɷɫɶɰɿʆ ɞɨʆɝɿɦɿ ɩɚɥɨɫɚɦɿ ɰɟɧɹʆ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚʆ ɤɭɩ¶ɹ ɿ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ əɤ ɧɚ ɞɚɥɨɧɿ ɜɵɪɚɡɧɵ ɿ ɛɥɿɡɤɿ ɫɬɚʆ ɬɨɣ ɭɡɶɥɟɫɚɤ ɡ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɜɵ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɿ ɩɚɬɚɧɭʆ ɭ ɡɿɯɚɬɥɿɜɵɦ ɭɫɯɨɞɧɿɦ ɦɚɪɚɜɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɝɨɪɛɵ ɩɚɝɨɪɚɤ , ɧɚɫɭɫɬɪɚɱ ɹɦɭ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɡɶɧɹɫɿɥɟɧɵɹ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɍɪɷɲɰɟ ɫɟɧɚɠɚɰɶ ɫɤɨɧɱɵɥɚɫɹ ɹɧɵ ɞɚɫɹɝɧɭɥɿ ɩɚɞɧɨɠ ɠɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚ ɋɹɦ ɬɚɦ ɜɚɥɹɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɛɵɥɶɧɺɝɭ ɰɟɥɵ ɡɚɛɿɬɵɯ ɜɨɪɚɝɚʆ ɦɟɫɰɚɦɿ ɿɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚɞɬɚ ɝ ɭɫɬɚ ɛ ɚɣɰɵ ɧɚ ɯɚɞɭ ɩɚɞ ɛɿɪɚɥɿ ɿɯɧɸɸ ɡɛɪɨɸ ɿ ɩɚɬɪɨɧɵ ɍɀɈ ɛɥɿɡɤɚ ɧɚ ɫɯɿɥɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɟɪɲɚɹ ɩɭɫɬɚɹ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɹ ɞɚ ɹɟ ɿ ɿɦɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɝɷɬɵ ɡɦɨɪɚɧɵ ɥɚɧɰɭɠɨɤ ɤɚɥɿ ɜɨɪɚɝɿ ɡ ɡɚɯɨɩɥɟɧɚɣ ɜɵɲɵɧɿ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵɥɿ ɿɯ Ʉɭɥɹɦɺɬɧ ɵɹ ɱɷɪɝɿ ɡ ɥɸɬɵɦ ɮɵɪɤɚɬɚ ɦ ɩɚɧɟɫɶɥɿɫɹ ɩɚʆɡɶɜɟɪɯ ɝɚɥɨʆ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɿ ɡɚɞɵɯɚɸ ɱɵɫɹ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɫɜɚɣɦɭ ɥɚɧɰɭɝɭ ² Ʉɚɪɨɬɤɿɦɿ ɩɟɪɚɛɟɠɤɚɦɿ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ Ʌɸɞɡɿ ɩɚɩɚɞɚɥɿ ɞɡɟ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɿ ɺɧ ɭɩɚʆ ɥɨɤɰɹɦɿ ʆ ɤɚɥɸɱɵ ɚɫɨɬ ɿ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɫɭɬɚɪɝɚɜɚ ɞɵɯɚʆ ɧɹ ʆ ɫɬɚɧɟ ɩɪɚ ɫɭɧɭɰɰɚ ɧɿ ɧɚ ɤɪɨɤ Ⱥɥɟ ɪɭɯɚɰɰɚ ɧɚ ɜɵɲɵɧɸ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɚɛ ɯɨɞɧɚ ɤɨɠɧɚɹ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɚ ɧɟɫɥɚ ɚɛɨ ɫɶɦɟɪɰɶ, ɚɛɨ ɜɵɪɚɬɚ ɜɚɧɶɧɟ Ⱥɛɞɡɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɥɨɤɰɿ ɿ ɤɚɥɟɧɿ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɩɚɤɭɬɥɿɜɚ ɩɚ ɞɚʆɫɹ ʆɝɚɪɭ Ȭɧ ɤɿɪɚɜɚʆ ɞɚ ɚɛɫɦɵɥɟɧɚɝɚ ɬɚɧɤɚ ɹɤɿ ɫɤɚɫɚ ɛɨɱɵʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɚɞɯɨɧɟ ɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɤɭɪɷʆ ɫɶɦɹɪɞɡɸɱɵɦ ɞɵɦɚɦ Ⱥɥɟ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɬɭɞɵ ɧɟ ɞɚɩɨʆɡ Ɇɨɰɧɵ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɧɵ ɚɝɨɧɶ 184
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ɩɪɵɦɭɫɿʆ ɹɝɨ ɩɪɵɰɿɫɧɭɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɿ ɡɚɦɿɪɚɸɱɵ ɚɞ ɧɟ ɛɹɫɶɩɟɤɿ ɧɟɣɤɿ ɱɚɫ ɺɧ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɧɟ ɚɞɜɚɠɜɚɸɱɵɫɹ ʆɡɶɧɹɰɶ ɝɨɥɚʆ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɭ ɞɡɟɫɹɰɿ ɤɪɨɤɚɯ ɝɷɬɚɤ ɠɚ ɩɪɵɬɭɥɿʆɲɵɫɹ ɞɚ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɧɟɯɬɚ ɛɨɥɟɣ ɭ ɬɪɚɜɟ ɧɿɤɨɝɚ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɏɥɨɩɰɭ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚ ɺɧ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɹ ɜɟɞɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɤɚɛ ɹɤ ɧɚɛɥɿɡɿɰɰɚ ɞɚ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ Ⱥ ɤɚɥɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɧɚ ʆɡɶɥɟɫɚɤ ɞɵɤ ɭ ɞɭɲɭ ɹɝɨ ɲɵɛɚɧɭʆ ɫɩɚɥɨɯ Ɍ ɚɦ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɿɫɹ ʆɠɨ ɧɟɣɤɿɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɿ ɹɧɵ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɫɧɨʆɞɚɥɿ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɫɬɚɜɿɥɿ ɰɹɠɤɭɸ ɡɛɪɨɸ ɰɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɲɬɨ ɪɵɯɬɚɜɚɥɿ ɡ ɬɵɥɭ ɬɪɚɩɿʆɲɚɦɭ ʆ ɛɹɞɭ ɚɬɪɚɞɭ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɍ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɭɸ ɛɟɡɧɚɞɡɟɣɧɭɸ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɭ ɩɚɞɩɨʆɡ ɞɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɪ ɭɩɥɿɜɵ ɀɭɤ ɚɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡɶɹɜɿʆɫɹ Ɇɚɰɟɣ ɤɚ əɧɵ ɩɟɪɚɝɥɹɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɡɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ɝɪɵɦɨɬɵ ɛɨɸ ɧɿɱɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɞɚɥɿ ɫɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɭ ɚɥɟ ɯɥɨɩɰɵ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɿ ʆɫɺ Ⱥɞɧɚɤ ɡɪɚɛɿɰɶ ɲɬɨ ɧɟɛɭɞɡɶ ɧɟɥɶɝɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚ ɪɚɧɟɣɲɚɦɭ ɲɱɵɥɶɧɵ ɡɶɧɿɲɱɚɥɶɧɵ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɫɥɚʆɫɹ ɩɚ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɭɫɺ ɲɭɤɚʆ ɭ ɞɭɦɤɚɯ ɹɤɨɝɚ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɹ ɡ ɫɬɪɚɲ ɧɚɝɚ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɲɱɚ ɚɥɟ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɹ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɧɟ ɡɜɚɠɚɸɱɵ ɧɚ ɚɝɨɧɶ ɿɦɤɥɿɜɵɦ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɿɦ ɪɵʆɤɨɦ ɡɞɨɥɟɥɿ ɛ ɹɧɵ ʆɞɚɪɵɰɶ ɩɚ ɜɨɪɚɝɭ ɿ ɞɚɫɹɝɧɭɰɶ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ Ɍ ɪɷɛɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟɹɤ ɫɤɚɥɵɯɧɭɰɶ ɭɡɶɧɹɰɶ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɿ ɪɭɲɵɰɶ ɿɯ ɧɚ ɚɩɨɲɧɿ ʆɞɚɪ , ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɬɚɞɵ ɡɧɨʆ ɧɚɝɚɞɚʆ ɩɪɚ ɫɜɨɣ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɹɤɿ ʆɠɨ ɧɹ ɪɚɡ ɞɚɩɚɦɚɝɚʆ ɹɦɭ ʆ ɰɹɠɤɿɹ ɱɚɫɵ ɧɚ ɹɝɨ ɛɵɥɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɚɩɨɲɧɹɹ ɧɚɞɡɟɹ Ⱥɥɟ ʆɡɶɧɹɰɰɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɿɹɤɚɣ ɦɚɝɱɵɦɚɫɶɰɿ ɋɭɰɷɥɶ ɧɵɹ ɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɿ ɤɭɥɶ ɫɧɚɜɚɥɿ ɧɚɞ ɡɹɦɥɺɣ ɤɪɚɦɫɚɥɿ ɛɵɥɶɧɺɝ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɧɵɹ ɱɷɪɝɿ ɪɚɡɶɥɹɬɚɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɛɚɤɿ ʆɫɨɯɥɚɹ ɠɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɩɚɝɨɪɤɚ , ʆ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫ ɀɭɤ ɹɤɿ ɛɥɿɠɷɣ ɞɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɭ ɛɵɥɶ ɧɺɝɭ ɭɯɚɩɿʆ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɿ ɡɝɿɧɚɸɱɵ ɚɫɨɬ ɩɚɩɨʆɡ ɭɝɚɪɭ Ȭɧ ɧɟ ɡɪɚɛɿʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɭ ɧɿɹɤɚɝɚ ɡɧɚɤɭ ɧɟ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚɜɚɬ ɚɥɟ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɹɝɨ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɚɛɧɚɞɡɟɿʆɫɹ ɿ ɹɲɱɷ ɛɨ ɥɟɣ ɡɚɧɟɩɚɤɨɿʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɠɵɰɶɰɺ ɪɚɡɭɦɧɚɝɚ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɀɚɯɥɿɜɵɹ ɛɹɫɤɨɧɰɵɹ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɵ ɦɚɪɭɞɧɚ ɩɚʆɡɶɥɿ ɧɚɞ ɜɵɲɵɧɺɣ Ɂɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɿɤɨɥɿ ɧɹ ɛɭɞɡɟ ɤɚɧɰɚ ɝɷɬɚɦɭ ɚɝɧɸ ɿ ɝɷɬɚɦɭ ɦɚɪɭɞɧɚɦɭ ɲɥɹɯɭ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞɱɵɤɚ ɀɭɤ ɞɡɟɣɧɿɱɚʆ ɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɧɚ ɬɨ ɩɨʆɡ ɬɨ ɥɹɠɚʆ ɩɪɵɩɚʆɲɵ ɬɜɚɪɚɦ ɞɚ ɤɚ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɥɸɱɚɝɚ ɚɫɨɬɭ ɱɚɤɚʆ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɧɚ ɤɪɨɤ ɩɚɫɨʆɜɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞ Ⱥɥɟ ɜɨɫɶ ɺɧ ɡɚɫɥɚɧɿʆɫɹ ɚɞ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬɚ ɝɪɚɦɚɞɡɿɧɚɣ ɬɚɧɤɚ ɿ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɬɧɚ ɩɚɫɤɨɪɵʆ ɫɜɨɣ ɲɥɹɯ ɇɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɹɝ ɨ ɤɚɦɥɸɤɚɜɚɬɚɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɶ ɛɵɥɚ ʆɠɨ ɥɹ ɬɚɧɤɚ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɭɡɶɧɹʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɤɚɥɟɧɹɯ ɿ ɪɭɤɨɸ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɡɚɦɚ ɯɚʆ ɥɸɞɡɹɦ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɡɶɞɡɿɜɿʆɫɹ ɹɝɨɧɚɦɭ ɫɩɪɵɬɭ ɚɥɟ ɧɿɹɤ ɧɟ ɡɞɚɝɚɞɜɚʆɫɹ ɱɚɝɨ ɯɨɱɚ ɛɚɟɰ Ⱥ ɬɨɣ ɡɶɜɹɪɧɭʆɲɵ ɬɚɤ ɧɚ ɫɹɛɟ ʆɜɚɝɭ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɰɿɯɟɧɶɤɚ ɜɵɬɵɪɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɝɭ ɫɟɧɿɰɵ ɥɹ ɜɹɞɭɱɚɝɚ ɤɨɥɚ ɦɚɲɵɧɵ Ȭɇ, ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɫɬɪɷɥɿʆ ɡ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɚ ² ɭ ɝɪɭɤɚɰɟ ɛ ɨɸ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɧɹ ʆɱɭʆ ɹɝɨ ɫɬɪɷɥɚʆ ² ɿ ɛɥɿɠɧɿ ɤɭɥɹɦɺɬ ɹɤɿ ɞɚɝɷɬɭɥɶ ɬɚɤ ɯɥɺɫɬɤɚ ɫɥɚʆ ɩɚ ɡɹɦɥɿ ɫɶɦɹɪɬɷɥɶɧɵɹ ɱɷɪɝɿ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ɡɚɦɨʆɤ ɀɭɤ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɡɚɦɚɯɚʆ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɚɛɟɞɡɶɜɸɦɚ ɪɭɤɚɦɿ ɿ ɡ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɚɦ ɪɵɧɭʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɬɚɧɤ ɇɹɫɬɪɵɦɧɵ ɝɚɪɚɱɵ ɩɚɪɵʆ ɲɵɛɚɧɭʆ ɭ ɝɨɥɚʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧ ɬɭ ɿ ɺɧ ɝɨɥɚɫɧɚ ɹɤ ɦɨɝ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɥɸɞɡɹɦ ² ɍ ɚɬɚɤɭ ɍɪɚ ɚ ɚ ɚ ɚ Ȭɧ ɭɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɚɞɱɚɣɧɚ ɜɵɩɪɚɫɬɚʆɫɹ ʆ ɪɨɫɬ ɪɚɡɦɚɲɵɫ ɬɚ ɦɚɬɥɹɧɭʆ ɭɝɚɪɵ ɱɵɪɜɨɧɵɦ ɲɨʆɤɚɦ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɹɤ ɝɷɬɚ ɪɚɛɿʆ ɧɟɤɚɥɿ ɿɯ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞ ɱɵɤɚɦ Ȭɧ ɧɟ ɚɡɿɪɚʆɫɹ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɚɥɟ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚɹ ɞɭɦɤɚ ² ɰɿ ʆɫɬɚɧɭɰɶ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɹɝɨ ɥɸɞɡɿ ² ɤɨɪɚɬɤɚ ɿ ɛɚɥɸɱɚ ɩɪɚɰɹɥɚ ɿɫɬɨɬɭ , ɹɧɵ ʆɫɬɚɥɿ ² ɭ ɪɨɡɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɯ ɡ ɩɨɠɧɿ ɛɵɥɶɧɺ ɝɭ ɩɚʆɫɤɨɤɜɚɥɿ ɡɦɨɪɚɧɵɹ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɿ ɤɨɥɶɤɿ ɛɵɥɨ ʆ ɿɯ ɫɿɥɵ ɧɹɡɥɚɞɧɚ ɿ ɫɥɚɛɚ ʆ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɩɹɤɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɝɪɭɤɚɰɟ ɤɪɵɱɚɥɿ ©ɭɪɚª ɿ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɞɚ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ Ⱥɛɦɿɧɚɸɱɵ ɬɚɧɤ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɩɪɵɤɦɟɰɿʆ ɹɤ ɡɚɦɿɥɶɝɚɥɿ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɝɚɥɨɜɵ ɜɨɪɚɝɚʆ ɹɤ ɦɚɬɥɹɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɿ ɩɪɚɩɚɥɚ ɧɟɞɡɟ ɩɪɵɝɧɭɬɚɹ ɫɶɩɿɧɚ ɀɭɤɚ ɹɤ ɪɚɡɚɧɭɥɿ ɩɚ ɩɵɥɶɧɚɦɭ ɛɪɭ ɫɬɜɟɪɭ ɧɟɣɱɵɹ ɱɷɪɝɿ ɍ ɞɡɶɜɸɯ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɬɪɵɦɚɸɱɵ ɰɹɠɤɿ ɧɚ ɜɟɬɪɵ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɹ ɦɨɝ ɫɬɪɷɥɿɰɶ ɬɭɞɵ ɚɥɟ ɩɨɛɚɱ ɡ ɿɦ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɹɝɨ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɿ ɧɚɩɨɪɵɫɬɚ ɡɚɝɪɭɤɚɰɟɥɿ ɧɚɜɨɤɚɥ ɿɯ ɱɷɪɝɿ ɇɟɦɰɵ ɡ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɫɬɪɚɥɹɥɿ >ʆ ɿɯ ɧɟ@ɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɤɭɥɶ >ɭɞɚɪɵɥɚ ɩɚ ɪɚɡ@ɝɨɪɧɭɬɚɦɭ ɫɶɰɹɝɭ ɫɶɰɟɛɚɧɭɥɚ >ɫɟɪɠɚɧ ɬɭ ɜɵɲɷɣ@ ɥɨɤɰɹ Ɂ ɭɫɹɟ ɫɿɥɵ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɛɟɝ ɬɭɞɵ ɞɡɟ ɡɶɧɿɤ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞɱɵɤ ɿ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɭ ɝ ɥɿɧɿɫɬɭɸ ɧɟɝɥɵɛɨɤɭɸ ɡ ɚɛɪɭɲɚɧɵɦɿ ɛɟɪɚɝɚɦɿ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ Ȭɧ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚɡɚɞ ² ɫɤɪɨɡɶ ɩɚ ɫɯɿɥɭ 186
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ɛɟɝɥɿ ʆɝɨɪɭ ɛɚɣɰɵ Ɋɚɡɚɝɧɚɧɵɹ ɀɭɤɚɦ ɧɟɩɚɞɚɥɺɤɭ ɤɿɧɭ ɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɯɚɞɨʆ ɡɧɨɫɿɧ ɩɨɫɬɚɰɿ ʆ ɤɚɫɤɚɯ ɚɞɧɟɤɭɥɶ ɦɨɰɧɚ ɪɚɡɚɧɭɥɚ ɧɚɞ ɝɚɥɚɜɨɣ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɧɚɹ ɱɚɪɝɚ ɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɩɚɫɶɩɟʆ ɚɞ ɹɟ ɫɯɚɜɚɰɰɚ ʆ ɡɹɦɥɸ ɍ ɬɨɟ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɤɭɞɵ ɩɚɞɚ ɥɿɫɹ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɪɵɧɭʆɫɹ ɡ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟɪɚ ɦɚɥɨɞɲɵ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬ ɡɚ ɿɦ ɫɤɨɱɵʆ Ɇɚɰɟɣɤɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɪɵɰɿɫɧɭʆ ɩɚɞɩɚɯɚɣ ɩɚʆɡɝɨɪɧɭɬɵ ɧɹɡɪɭɱɧɵ ʆ ɚɤɨɩɟ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɿ ɡ ɩɿɫɬɚɥɟɬɚɦ ɭ ɪɭɰɷ ɩɚɞɚʆɫɹ ɡɚ ɝɷɬɵɦɿ ɫɩɪɵɬɧɵɦɿ ɯɥɨɩɰɚɦɿ Ɂ ɡɚ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬɤɿ ɺɧ ɧɚɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɧɚ ɜɨɪɚɝɚ ɪɚɫɩɥɚɫɬɚɧɚɝɚ ɧɚ ɞɧɟ ɪɚɡɝɨɧɿɫɬɚ ɩɟɪɚɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɫɤɨɪɱɚɧɚɟ ɰɟɥɚ ɱ ɵɪɜɨɧɚɚɪɦɟɣɰɚ ɿ ɫɬɪɷɥɿʆ ɭ ɦɿɥɶɝɚɧɭʆɲɭɸ ɧɚɩɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɡɹɥɺɧɭɸ ɫɶɩɿɧɭ Ɇɚɰɟɣɤɚ ɩɪɵɝ ɧɭʆɲɵɫɹ ɫɩɪɵɬɧɚ ɲɦɵɝɚʆ ɚɞ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬɤɿ ɞɚ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬɤɿ ɩɚɩɹɪɷɞɧɟ ɤɨɪɚɬɤɚ ɩɪɚɫɬɪɷɥɶɜɚɸɱɵ ɡ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬɚ ɤɨɠɧɵ ɡɚɜɚɪɨɬ ɥɟɣɬɷɧɚɧɬɚ ʆɠɨ ɱɚɦɭɫɶɰɿ ɧɹ ɛɚɱɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɍ ɪɨɡ ɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɰɚɯ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɧɟʆɡɚɛɚɜɟ ɡɶɹɜɿɥɿɫɹ ɧɚɲɵ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɚɯɨɩɥɟɧɵɹ ɚɞɱɚɟɦ ɜɨɪɚɝɿ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɪɭɤɚɩɚɲɧɭɸ ɍ ɪɚɧɿɲɧɿɦ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ɧɚɞ ɜɵɲɵɧɺɣ ɥɸɬɚ ɬɪɚɲɱɚɥɿ ɱɷɪɝɿ ɧɚ ɫɶɦɟɪɰɶ ɫɯɚɩɿɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɛɹɡɶɥɿɬɚɫɧɚɣ ɛɨɣɰɵ ɚɲɚɥɟɥɵɹ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚɜɵ ɥɸɞɡɿ ² ɤɚɱɚɥɿɫɹ ɞɭɲɵɥɿ ɤɭɥɚɤɚɦɿ ɿ ɡɛɪɨɹɣ ɛɿɥɿ ɡɚɤɥɹɬɵɯ ɜɨɪɚɝɚʆ ɲɬɨ ɫɬɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɿɯɧɿɦ ɲɥɹɯɭ ɞɚ ɜɵɡ ɜɚɥɟɧɶɧɹ Ʉɪɵɤɿ ɿ ɫɬɪɚɲɧɚɹ ɧɟɱɭɜɚɧɚɹ ɥɚɹɧɤɚ ɧɟɫɶɥɿɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɭɡɝɨɪɤɚɦ ɍɪɷɲɰɟ ɩɚ ɡɿɝɡɚɝɚɯ ɯɚɞɨʆ ɡɧɨɫɿɧ ɩɚɞɚɸɱɵ ɿ ɡɚɛɿɜɚɸ ɱɵ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɞɚɛɪɚɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɜɵɲɵɧɿ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɿ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ ɦɟɧɲɭɸ ɜɵɫɩɭ ɚɞɞɡɟɥɟɧɭɸ ɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɧɟɝɥɵɛɨ ɤɚɣ ɫɟɞɥɚɜɿɧɚɣ ȼɿɞɚɰɶ ɬɚɦ ɹɲɱɷ ɚɞɛɿɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɪɷɲɬɚ ɚɛɚ ɪɨɧɰɚʆ ɩɟɪɚɩɪɚɜɵ ɹɤɚɹ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɚɞɤɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɚɞɫɸɥɶ ɪɚ ɡɚɦ ɡ ɧɹɪɨʆɧɚɣ ɫɬɭɠɤɚɣ ɪɚɤɿ ɍ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɤɚɧɰɵ ɩɟɪɚɩɪɚɜɵ ɜɿɞɧɟɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɜɺɫɤɚ ɩɷʆɧɚ Ʉɥɹɫɶɰɿɱɵ ɞɚ ɹɤɿɯ ɫɶɩɹ ɲɚɥɿɫɹ ɛɚɣɰɵ ɍ ɫɟɞɥɚɜɿɧɟ ɫɶɜɟɠɵɦ ɩɨɥɵɦɟɦ ɝɚɪɷʆ ɹɲɱɷ ɚɞɡɿɧ ɬɚɧɤ ɚ ɮɚɲɵɫɬɵ ɩɚɞ ɩɪɵɤɪɵɰɶɰɺɦ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɚ ɧɚɫɬɭ ɩɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɜɵɫɩɭ Ⱥɥɟ ɩɷʆɧɚ ɹɧɵ ɡɚʆɜɚɠɵɥɿ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɿɯɧɿɦ ɬɵɥɟ ɡɞɚɪɵɥɚɫɹ ɧɹɞɨɛɪɚɟ ɿ ɤɨɪɚɬɤɚ ɩɟɪɚɛɹɝɚɸɱɵ ɩɚɞɚ ɥɿɫɹ ʆɛɨɤ ɤɚɛ ɜɵɣɫɶɰɿ ɡ ɩɚɞ ɭɞɚɪɭ ɡ ɬɵɥɭ Ɍ ɚɧɤ ɞɚɸɱɵ ɡɚɞɧɿ ɯɨɞ ɪɚɡ ɩɨɪɚɡ ɛɭɯɚʆ ɩɚ ɜɵɫɶɩɟ ɿ ɚɞɩɚʆɡɚʆ ɩɪɵɤ ɪɵɜɚɸɱɵ ɩɹɯɨɬɭ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɝɥɟɞɡɟʆɲɵ ɝɷɬɚ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɲɬɨ ɩɟɪɚɦɨɝɚ ɡɞɚɛɵɬɚ ɿ ɩɪɚɝɚɜɿɬɚɟ ɠɚɞɚɧɶɧɟ ɩɨɦɫɬɵ ɡ ɧɟ ɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɚɣ ɫɿɥɚɣ ɭɡɝɚɪɷɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɿɦ Ȭɇ ɭɠɨ ɩɚɦɤɧɭʆɫɹ ɜɵɫ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɤɚɱɵɰɶ ɡ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɿ ɩɟɪɚɫɶɥɟɞɚɜɚɰɶ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɚʆɲɵɯ ɚɥɟ ɫɩɚ ɥɨɯɚʆɲɵɫɹ ɲɬɨ ɬɚɤ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɫɚɩɫɚɜɚɰɶ ɫɩɪɚɜɭ ɡɵɱɧɚ ɫɤɚ ɦɚɧɞɚɜɚʆ ɛɚɣɰɚɦ ² ɉɚ ɩɹɯɨɰɟ ɚɝɨɧɶ Ⱥɝɨɧɶ Ɍ ɪɚɩɿʆɲɵ ɩɚɞ ɞɜɚɣɧɵ ʆɞɚɪ ɧɟɦɰɵ ʆɠɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɫɩɭɞ ɠɚɧɚ ɤɿɧɭɥɿɫɹ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɦɧɨɝɿɹ ɩɚɞɚɥɿ ɿ ɧɚ ɲɥɹɯɭ ɚɞɫɬɭɩɚʆ ɲɵɯ ɭɫɺ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɵɯ ɡɹɥɺɧɵɯ ɰɟɥ Ɍɚɧɤ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɟ ɫɩɵɧɹɸɱɵɫɹ ɲɩɚɪɤɚ ɩɚɩɨʆɡ ɩɚ ɫɯɿɥɭ ɿ ɬɚɞɵ ɧɚɞ ɬɨɣ ɜɵɫɩɚɣ ɭɩɟɪɲɵɧɸ ɜɵɧɿɤɥɿ ɡ ɚɤɨɩɚʆ ɪɨɞɧɵɹ ɩɨ ɫɬɚɰɿ ɧɚɲɵɯ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ȱɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɦɚɥɚ ɚɥɟ ɹɧɵ ɜɵɫɵ ɩɚɥɿ ʆ ɫɟɞɥɚɜɿɧɭ ɿ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɫɸɞɵ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɟ ɫɬɪɚɱɚɧɵɹ ɿ ɡɧɨʆ ɚɞɜɚɹɜɚɧɵɹ ɩɚɡɿɰɵɿ əɧɵ ɯɭɬɤɚ ɧɚɛɥɿɠɚɥɿɫɹ ɿ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɛɚɱɵʆ ɹɤ ɿɦɱɚʆɫɹ ɞɚ ɹɝɨ ɦɚɥɚɞɠɚɜɵ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡ ɚɤɪɵɜɚʆ ɥɟɧɚɣ ɦɚɪɥɹɣ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɚɜɹɡɚɧɚɣ ɲɵɿ Ȭɧ ɫɤɨɱɵʆ ɡ ɛɪɭɫɬɜɟ ɪɚ ɥɟɞɡɶ ɧɟ ɩɚɜɚɥɿʆɲɵ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɿ ɩɨʆɧɵ ɧɟʆɝɚɦɚɜɚɧɚɝɚ ʆɡɪɭɲɚɧɶɧɹ ɫɯɚɩɿʆ ɉɟɬɪɭɫɺɜɭ ɪɭɤɭ ɿ ɡɚɤɪɵɱɚʆ ɭ ɹɝɨɧɵ ɬɜɚɪ ² Ⱦɡɹɤɭɣ ɞɡɹɤɭɣ ɜɚɦ ɧɚɣɜɹɥɿɤɲɚɟ ɍɪɚɬɚɜɚɥɿ ɜɵ ɧɚɫ Ⱥ ɬɚɦ ɭɠɨ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪ ɩɚɥɤɚ ɞɡɿɜɭɟɰɰɚ ɚɞɤɭɥɶ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɩɚɞ ɦɨɝɚ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɧɹʆɰɹɦɧɚ ɩɚɡɿɪɚʆ ɧɚ ɪɚɞɚɫɧɚɝɚ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɚɥɟ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɡɭɫɿɦ ɧɹ ɱɭʆ ɹɝɨɧɵɯ ɭɡɪɭɲɚɧɵɯ ɫɥɨʆ Ɍ ɨɥɶɤɿ ɰɹ ɩɟɪ ɪɚɩɬɨʆɧɚ ɡɪɚɡɭɦɟʆ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɲɬɨ ɡɶɞɡɟɣɫɶɧɿɥɚɫɹ ɬɨɟ ɞɚ ɱɚɝɨ ɪɜɚʆɫɹ ɺɧ ɭ ɝɷɬɵɹ ɩɚɤɭɬɥɿɜɵɹ ɬɵɞɧɿ ɿ ɧɹɫɶɰɟɪɩ ɧɚɹ ɪɚɞɚɫɶɰɶ ɚɩɚɧɚɜɚɥɚ ɫɟ ɪɠɚɧɬɚ ɉɪɵɫɥɚɧɿʆɲɵɫɹ ɞɚ ɫɶɰɹɧɵ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɺɧ ɫɬɪɚɰɿʆ ɫɿɥɵ ɧɟɹɤ ɚɛɜɹʆ ɚ ɡ ɜɚɱɷɣ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɩɚɩɥɵɥɿ ɧɹɫɬɪɵɦɚɧɵɹ ɫɶɥɺɡɵ , ɺɧ ɧɟ ɫɚɪɨɦɟʆɫɹ ɝɷɬɵɯ ɫɶɥɺɡ ɧɟ ɫɶɩɹɲɚʆɫɹ ɜɵɰɿɪɚɰɶ ɿɯ ɤɚɛ ɧɹ ʆɛɚɱɵɥɿ ɥɸɞɡɿ ɲɬɨ ʆɫɺ ɛɨɥɶɲ ɧɚɩɚʆɧɹɥɿ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɸ ɿ ɹɝɨ ɫɷɪɰɚ ɡɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɪɚɡɚɦ ɡ ɿɦ ɩɥɚɤɚɥɚ ɩɹɤɭɱɚɣ ɤɪɵɜɺɸ ɇɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɚ ɩɟɪɚɦɹɲɚɥɿɫɹ ɡɚɪɚɡ ɭ ɹɝɨ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɧɶɧɹɯ ɿ ɪɚɞɚɫɶɰɶ ɫɭɫɬɪɷɱɵ ɿ ɛɨɥɶ ɩɟɪɚɠɵɬɵɯ ɩɚɤɭɬ ɿ ɧɟɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɚɞ ɬɚɝɨ ɰɿ ɿɧɲɚɝɚ ʆɫɺ ɦɚɤɪɷɥɿ ɜɨɱɵ ɿ ɫɩɚɡɦɵ ɯɚɩɚɥɿ ɝɨɪɥɚ ɍɬɭɥɿʆɲɵ ɬɜɚɪ ɭ ɲɚʆɤɨɜɵɹ ɫɤɥɚɞɤɿ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɿ ɚɛɯɚɩɿʆɲɵ ɪɭɤɚɦɿ ɞɪɷʆɤɚ ɺɧ ɫɭɧɹʆɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɧɚ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɿ ɧɹɫɬɪɵɦɧɵ ɦɨɦɚɧɬ ɿ ɦɚʆɱɚʆ Ⱥɥɟ ɯɜɿɥɿɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɶɧɹ ɿ ɛɨɥɸ ʆɠɨ ɩɪɚɣɲɥɚ Ɍ ɚɤ ɡɞɚɟɰɰɚ ɫɤɨɧɱɵʆɫɹ ɠɚɯɥɿɜɵ ɲɥɹɯ ɹɝɨ ɜɵɩɪɚɛɚ 188
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ɛ ɥ ɿ ɧ ɞ ɚ ɠ
ɜɚɧɶɧɹʆ ɿ ɰɶɦɹɧɚ ɹɲɱɷ ɚɞɱɭɜɚɥɚɫɹ ɯɥɨɩɰɭ ɲɬɨ ɧɹɡɛɵʆ ɧɚɹ ɧɟɣɤɚɹ ɚɞɦɟɰɿɧɚ ɧɚɜɟɤ ɚɞɡɧɚɱɵɥɚɫɹ ʆ ɹɝɨɧɚɣ ɞɭɲɵ ɇɟɲɬɚ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɜɚɠɧɚɟ ɲɦɚɬɡɧɚɱɧɚɟ ɿ ʆɠɨ ɧɟɩɚʆɬɨɪɧɚɟ ʆ ɠɵɰɶɰɿ ɦɿɧɭɥɚɫɹ ɡɡɚɞɭ əɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɚɫɷɧɫɚɜɚʆɲɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭɠɨ ɞɨɛɪɚ ɚɞɱɭɜɚʆ ɬɨɟ ɿ ɜɹɞɨɦɚ ɭ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫ ɭ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɧɟ ɡɞɚɝɚɞɜɚʆɫɹ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɲɬɨ ɝɷɬɚ ɦɿɠ ɜɹɥɿɤɿɯ ɬɪɵɜɨɝ ɹɝɨ ɦɚ ɥɚɞɨɫɶɰɿ ɩɚɤɭɬɥɿɜɚ ɧɚɪɚɞɡɿɥɚɫɹ ɱɚɥɚɜɟɱɚɹ ɫɬ ɚɥɚɫɶɰɶ ɿ ɛɟɡɡɜɚɪɨɬɧɚ ɚɞɥɹɰɟɥɚ ʆ ɧɹɛɵɬ ɤɚɪɨɬɤɚɟ ɹɝɨ ɸɧɚɰɬɜɚ ɉɪɚɫɶɜɟɬɥɟɧɵ ɫɭɩɚɤɨɟɧɵ ɿ ɧɿɛɵ ɩɚɫɬɚɪɷɥɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɩɚɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɲɬɨ ɦɨʆɱɤɿ ɫɬɚɹɥɿ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɚɛɚ ɩɚɥ ɹɝɨ ȱɯ ɛɵɥɨ ʆɠɨ ɦɧɨɝɚ ɫɜɚɟ ɬɭɬ ɩɟɪɚɦɹɲɚɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɱɭɠɵɦɿ ɭɫɟ ɫɩɚɜɚɠɧɚ ɩɚɡɿɪɚɥɿ ɧɚ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɿ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬɚ , ɯɥɨ ɩɟɰ ɧɟɱɚɤɚɧɚ ʆɛɚɱɵʆ ɲɬɨ ɿ ɀɭɤ ɹɤɿ ɫɬɚɹʆ ɡɜɨɞɞɚɥɶ ² ɫɶɰɿɩɥɵ ɰɿɯɿ ɚɞɜɚɠɧɵ ɝɷɬɵ ɪɚɡɶɜɟɞɱɵɤ ² ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɧɟ ɲɬɚ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ʆɠɨ ɫɬɚɪɚɧɧɚ ɬɭɥɿɰɶ ɞɨɥɭ ɫɜɚɟ ɩɪɚɫɬɚɞɭɲ ɧɵɹ ɜɨɱɵ ɛɵ ɲɬɨ ɩɿɥɶɧɚ ɪɚɡɝɥɹɞɚɟ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɡɚʆɜɚ ɠɵʆ ɲɬɨ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɫɯɭɞɧɟʆ ɡ ɫɜɚɣɝɨ ɲɵɪɨɤɚɝɚ ɧɟɩɪɵɝɨ ɠɚɝɚ ɬɜɚɪɭ ɉɪɵɤɦɟɰɿʆ ɫɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɹɤ ɭ ɫɭɫɟɞɧɹɝɚ ɡ ɿɦ ɜɿɯɪɚ ɫɬɚɝɚ Ɇɚɰɟɣɤɿ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɡɚɛɥɿɲɱɷɥɚ ɧɚ ɛɪɭɞɧɚɣ ɲɱɚɰɷ ɪɚɫɶɰɺɪɬɚɹ ɤɭɥɚɤɨɦ ɫɶɥɹɡɚ ɭɛɚɱɵʆ ɺɧ ɿ ɪɚɞɚɫɧɚɟ ɡɶɡɹɧɶ ɧɟ ɦɧɨɝɿɯ ɿɧɲɵɯ ɜɚɱɷɣ ɹɝɨɧɵɯ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɿ ɫɩɚɝɚɞɭ ɞɵ ɪɚɡɭ ɦɟɧɶɧɟ ɧɚ ɬɜɚɪɚɯ ɬɭɬɷɣɲɵɯ ɚɛɚɪɨɧɰɚʆ Ⱥɥɟ ɜɿɞɚɰɶ ɧɹ ɱɚɫ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɪɚɞɚɜɚɰɰɚ ɰɿ ɫɶɜɹɬɤɚɜɚɰɶ ɩɟɪɚɦɨɝɭ ɇɟ ɦɿɧɭɥɚ ɿ ɱɜɷɪɰɿ ɝɚɞɡɿɧɵ ɹɤ ɫɤɨɧɱɵʆɫɹ ɝɷɬɵ ɩɹɤɟɥɶɧɵ ɛɨɣ ɤɚɥɿ ɧɟɯɬɚ ʆ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ʆɫɬɪɵɜɨɠɚɧɚ ɤɪɵɤɧɭʆ ɥɸɞɡɹɦ ² Ƚɥɹɞɡɿɰɟ ɝɥɹɞɡɿɰɟ ɧɟɦɰɵ ɿɞɭɰɶ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ɚɱɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɨɜɚɹ ɬɪɵɜɨɝɚ ɚɞɪɚɡɭ ʆɫɤɚ ɥɵɯɧɭɥɚ ɯɥɨɩɰɚ ɧɚɩɨɦɧɿɥɚ ɩɪɚ ɹɝɨ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɫɤɿɹ ɚɛɚ ɜɹɡɤɿ Ȭɧ ɩɚɤɥɿɤɚʆ ɞɚ ɫɹɛɟ Ɇɚɰɟɣɤɭ ɬɚɪɨɩɤɚ ɡɝɚɪɧɭʆ ɩɚɥɨɬɧɿɲɱɚ ɫɶɰɹɝɚ ɿ ɫɤɚɡɚʆ ɝɷɬɚɦɭ ʆɜɿɲɧɚɦɭ ɛɚɣɰɭ ² ɇɚ ɧɹɫɿ ɛ ɪɚɬɨ ɤ ə ʆɠɨ ɚɞɧɚɫɿʆɫɹ Ɂɧ ɨɣɞɡɟɲ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɡɿɪɚ ² ɩɟɪɚɞɚɣ ɇɚ ɪ ɚɡɶɜɿɬ ɚɧɶɧɟ ɺ ɧ ɩɚɰɚ ɥɚɜɚʆ ɡɚɩɵɥɟɧ ɵ ɩɪɚ ɛɿɬɵ ɦɧɨɝɿɦɿ ɤɭɥɹɦɿ ɲɨʆɤ ɿ ɚɞɞɚʆ ɫɶɰɹɝ ɛɚɣɰɭ əɧɵ ɪɚɡɶɦɿɧɭ ɥɿɫɹ ʆ ɜɭɡɤɚɣ ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ ɧɚ ɩɚɜɚɪɨɬɰɵ ɉɹɬɪɭɫɶ ɭ ɚɩɨɲɧɿ ɪɚɡ ɡ ɧɟɡɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɵɦ ɫɭɦɚɦ ɚɡɿɪɧɭʆɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɜɚɸ ɞɚɪɚɝɭɸ ɧɨɲɭ Ȭɇ ɤɿɧɭʆɫɹ ɞɚɝɚɧɹɰɶ ɛɚɣɰɨʆ ɹɤɿɹ ɩɚɞɚɥɿɫɹ ɞɚ ɩɟɪɲɚɣ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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ɬɪɚɧɲɷɿ Ɂɧɨʆ ɚɝɨɪɧɭɬɵ ɧɹɥɺɝɤɿɦ ɩɪɵɜɵɱɧɵɦ ɤɥɨɩɚɬɚɦ ɯɥɨɩɟɰ ɝɥɹɞɡɟʆ ɧɚ ɥɭɝɚɜɿɧɭ ɞɡɟ ɹɧɵ ɧɹɞɚʆɧɚ ɛɟɝɥɿ ɫɸɞɵ ɐɹɩɟɪ ɧɚ ʆɫɿɦ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɿɫɬɵɦ ɩɪɚɫɶɰɹɝɭ ɡ ɭɡɶɥɟɫɤɚ ɿɲɥɿ ɧɚ ɿɯ ɝɭɫɬɵɹ ɲɷɪɚɝɿ ɱɨɪɧɵɯ ɷɫɷɫɚʆɰɚʆ əɧɵ ɧɟ ɯɚɜɚ ɥɿɫɹ ɚ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɚ ɹɤ ɧɚ ɩɚɪɚɞɡɟ ɩɥɹɱɨ ʆ ɩɥɹɱɨ ɿɲɥɿ ɩɚ ɫɬɪɚɤɚɬɚɣ ɚɞ ɤɜɟɬɚɤ ɬɪɚɜɟ ² ɡ ɩɚɞɤɚɫɚɧɵɦɿ ɪɭɤɚɜɚɦɿ ɿ ɧɚɪɵɯɬɚɜɚɧɚɣ ɡɛɪɨɹɣ , ɬɚɞɵ ɡ ɡɚ ɜɵɲɵɧɿ ɝɥɭɯɚ ɲɱɨʆɤɧɭɥɚ ʆ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ɿ ɰɟ ɪɚɡ ɝɚɥɨɜɵ ɛ ɚɣɰɨʆ ɡ ɲɚɪɯɨɬɤɿɦ ɮɵɪɤɚɬ ɚɦ ɩɪɚɥɹɰɟɥɚ ɧɟɲɬɚ ɬɭɝɨɟ ɿ ɜɚɠɤɚɟ Ʉɪɵɯɭ ɞɚɥɟɣ ɷɫɷɫɚʆɫɤɚɝɚ ɲɷɪɚɝɭ ɧɚ ɥɭɡɟ ʆ ɚɞɧɨ ɿɦɝɧɟɧɶɧɟ ɜɵɪɚɫ ɲɷɪɵ ɤɭɱɚɪɚɜɿɫɬɵ ɤɥɭɛ ɩɵɥɭ Ȭɧ ɹɲɱɷ ɧɟ ɚɫɟʆ ɭ ɩɚɜɟɬɪɵ ɹɤ ɰɟɪɚɡ ɜɵɫɩɭ ɧɟɬɚ ɪɨɩɤɚ ɿ ɜɚɠɧɚ ɩɪɚɧɺɫɶɫɹ ɧɨɜɵ ɝɷɬɤɿ ɠ ɲɚɪɯɨɬɤɿ ɰɹɠɤɿ ɫɧɚɪɚɞ ɋɟɪɠɚɧɬ ɡɿɪɧɭʆ ɧɚ ɩɪɵɰɿɯɥɵɯ ɧɚɫɶɰɹɪɨɠɚɧɵɯ ɥɸɞɡɟɣ ɧɚ ʆɡɪɚɞɚɜɚɧɚɝɚ ɀɭɤɚ ɿ ɛɚɞɚɣ ɭɩɟɪɲɵɧɸ ɡ ɩɚɱɚɬ ɤɭ ɜɚɣɧɵ ɡɚɦɟɫɬ ɫɬɪɚɯɭ ɚɞɱɭʆ ɭ ɫɚɛɟ ɫɩɚɤɨɣɧɭɸ ɭɩɷʆɧɟ ɧɭɸ ɫɿɥɭ ² Ɋɨɬɚ ɫɥɭɯɚɣ ɦɚɸ ɤɚɦɚɧɞɭ ² ɝɨɥɚɫɧɚ ɫɤɚɦɚɧɞɚɜɚʆ ɺɧ ɿ ɝɭɱɧɚ ɥɹɡɝɧɭʆɲɵ ɩɯɧɭʆ ɭ ɚʆɬɚɦɚɬ ɧɨɜɵ ɦɚɝɚɡɿɧ
Ɂɶɦɟɫɬ
Ȼɵɤɚʆɫɤɿ ɤɚʆɱɷɝ.................4 Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ.................7 ɇɹɜɵɞɭɦɚɧɵɹ ɜɨɛɪɚɡɵ.................86 Ⱥɩɨɲɧɿ ɛɚɟɰ ɚɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɶ.................89
[1957]
190
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ȼ ɚ ɫ ɿ ɥ ɶ Ȼ ɵ ɤ ɚ ʆ
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191
Ʌɿɬɚɪɚɬɭɪɧɚ ɦɚɫɬɚɰɤɚɟ ɜɵɞɚɧɶɧɟ Ȼɵɤɚʆ ȼɚɫɿɥɶ ɍɥɚɞɡɿɦɿɪɚɜɿɱ
Ȼɥɿɧɞɚɠ Ⱥɩɨɜɟɫɶɰɿ Ȼɿɛɥ ɿɹɬɷɱɤɚ ɱɚɫɨ ɩɿɫɭ Ⱦɡɟɹɫɥ ɨʆ ȼɵɩ ɭɫɤ
Ɋ ɷɞɚɤɬɚɪ Ȼɚɪɵɫ ɉɹɬɪɨɜ ɿɱ ɋɚ ɱɚɧɤɚ
Ɇɚɫɬ ɚɤ Ƚɟɧɚɞɡɶ Ɇɚɰɭɪ ȼɺɪɫɬ ɤɚ Ʌɸɞɦ ɿɥ ɚ Ɏɨɦ ɱɚɧɤɚ Ʉɚɪɷɤɬɚɪ Ⱥɧɚɬɨɥ ɶ ȱɜ ɚɲɱɚɧɤɚ Ⱥɞɤɚɡɧɵ ɡɚ ɜɵɩɭɫɤ ȼɿɤɬ ɚɪ ɏɭɪ ɫɿɤ Ɂɞɚɞɡɟɧɚ ʆ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɝ ɉɚɞɩɿɫɚɧɚ ɞɚ ɞɪɭ ɤɭ ɝ Ɏɚɪɦɚɬ ɯ 1/32. ɉɚɩɟɪɚ ɚɮɫɟɬɧɚɹ Ⱦɪɭ ɤ ɚɮɫɟɬɧɵ Ⱥɛ¶ɺɦ ² ɭ ɥ ɜɵɞ ɚɪɤ ɇɚɤɥɚɞ ɚɫɨɛɧɿɤɚʆ Ɂɚɤɚɡ ʋ ȼɵɞɚɜ ɟɰ ȼɿɤɬɚɪ ɍɥɚɞɡɿɦ ɿɪɚɜɿɱ ɏɭ ɪɫɿɤ ɝ Ɇɟɧɫɤ ɩɪɚɫɶɩ ɝɚɡ Ɂɜɹɡɞɚ ɞ ɤɜ Ʌɿɰɷɧɡ ɿɹ Ʌȼ ʋ ɚɞ ɇɚɞɪɭ ɤɚɜɚɧɚ ʆ ɞɪɭ ɤɚɪ ɧɿ ɋɌȺȺ ³Ɇɟɞɵɫɨɧɬ´ ɥɿɰɷɧɡɿɹ ʋ ɚɞ Ɇ ɟɧɫɤ ɜɭ ɥ ɐɿɦɿɪ ɚɡɟɜɚ
192
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