NEW
MEDIA
PUBLISHING
THE MAGAZINE FOR E-PUBLISHERS
Devices of the New World Order
Typography Today by Edward Baker In 1985 the “desktop publishing� revolution began and graphic design would never be the same again. Three companies almost single handedly began this revolution. They were Adobe, Aldus and Apple.
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For most Standard fronts like Helvetica or Arial which may With these systems work with be used as system fonts it’s type rapidly went digital. not uncommon for only the Digital fonts are simply four basic font variants of computer programs that italic, bold, regular and bold contain vector information italics to be delivered. These with spacing and kerning are usually not enough for details. Each program defines the professional E-publisher. a letter of the alphabet or The professional will look other symbol. Gathered for additional sets like light, together a collection of these regular, bold, semibold, character programs that share heavy and black additionally a common design definition there will be widths such as form a family of typefaces condensed and/or expanded. such as Times New Roman Many times these attributes or Helvetica. These standard are packaged in fonts sets typefaces may include called expert or professional information for creating the sets. Adobe invented the device font in italic, bold, regular and While printed type relies independent Postscript page bold italic. There may even be on light reflection, screen description language. At the more extensive information type is reliant on light that is same time Aldus released for further design innovations, emitted from radiant devices PageMaker as the first desktop while decorative fonts may like laptops and iPads. This publishing application that simply be individual fonts is very tiring for the eyes and used it. Apples contribution collected together. typology can help mitigate to the revolution was the this tiring effect. Further 300 dpi LaserWriter the first resolution is a main difference truly affordable laser printer. between type for the screen Finally Apple brought it all and print. Most computerized together on its Macintosh devices have resolutions personal computer platform. ranging from 72 to 96 pixels This combination made per inch while print ranges professional level typesetting around 2500 dots per inch. from a desktop system Laser printers today are
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mostly 600 dpi. This makes reading on digital devices quite a chore as opposed to printed matter. On the advantageous side type on screen tends to be searchable as well as editable making it into what many are calling “live text” that allows for cross referencing and interactive hyperlinks. Screen rendered type can also be coupled with sound and animation. TV and film titles fall into this category of
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typology. It’s not uncommon today for type to be used in motion to create plug-ins for WebPages, games, CDROMS with technologies such as Flash, QuickTime and Silverlight. The Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) has created the exhibit “Standard Deviations: Types and Families in Contemporary Design: to highlight the importance of digital type. Here is the linked list of type faces. Click a name to view the typeface.
MOMA’s 23 digital typefaces:
OCR-A (1966) New Alphabet (1967) Bell Centennial (1976-78) ITC Galliard (1978) FF Meta (1984-1991) Oakland (1985) Keedy Sans (1991) FF Beowolf (1990) Template Gothic (1990) Dead History (1990) HTF Didot (1991) FF Blur (1992) Mason (1992) Mantinia (1993) Interstate (1993-95) Big Caslon (1994) FF DIN (1995) Walker (1995) Verdana (1996) Mercury (1996) Miller (1997) Retina (1999) Gotham (2000)
Digital Color Theory by Edward Baker
For many of today’s new e-publishers color is a hugely difficult subject. There are hundreds, if not thousands of variables to manage, and some colors are simply not possible in certain media. So we thought it would be a good idea to revisit color theory and how it works with an eye to the new digital world. We wanted to see color in the light of the new world order in publishing, while at the same time reviewing its timeless properties. Today publishing-designers and lay-outers are faced with producing works that transcends media. Logos and
letterheads need to look good on both paper “50% of the colors in the current and digital Pantone swatch book are not screens. Even achievable in standard 4 color within media process printing. “ color can be a difficult subject. Take for example types of color systems that Pantone, a leading color dominate, RGB and CMYK. matching system that is often RGB stands for red, blue and used in the standard 4 color green while CMYK stands printing process. Only about for cyan, magenta, yellow and half of their current swatch black. book’s colors can be produced The digital devices used by in the standard 4 color today’s consumers such as printing process. iPads and laptop computers In the digital age there are two emit colors as RGB light. Despite the fact that all visible colors can be created using the RGB system, digital devices are only able to reproduce some of them. This capability varies among devices. The intensity of the light for these devices is given a value from 0 meaning nothing is emitted in this color or 255 where the full color is emitted, this translates to red having a value of 255,0,0, Green having a value of 0,255,0 and blue having a value of
0,0,255. Together these three colors are known as the primary colors.
light is emitted with the value of 255,255,255.
Where RGB emits light the From the three primary colors CMYK system absorbs or we can produce an additional reflects light. The pigments set of colors called the RGB in ink act as filters to subtract secondary colors, which are different amounts of red, made by combining the full green and blue from white light spectrum emitted by two light. This will then result in primary colors For instance different colors being printed. yellow is produced when The difference of range we add red and green in the between the two systems value of 255,255,0. Magenta results in their displaying is produced when you add colors differently. Many red and blue in the value of printing processes for example 255,0,255, and finally cyan is offset lithography use the created when you add the blue CMYK system so that digital and green values of 0,255,255. work produced using RGB Finally Black is created when must be converted before there is no light emitted 0,0,0 being submitted for this type and white is created when all of processing.
Addative Colors of the RGB Model
White 255,255,255
Black 0,0,0
Primary Red 255,0,0
Primary Green 0,255,0
Primary Blue 0,0,255
Secondary Yellow 255,255,0
Secondary Magenta 255,0,255
Secondary Cyan 0,255,255
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