What is one of the most irresistible Nativity displays at Christmas? If you took a poll, it just might possibly be the annual Angel Tree and Neapolitan creche at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.
It's a long-established yuletide tradition: the candle-lit twenty-foot blue spruce with a collection of 18 th century Neapolitan angels and cherubs among its branches and nearly 300 figures flanking the Nativity scene at its base. Set in the Museum's Medieval Sculpture Hall with recorded Christmas music in the background, the installation reflects the spirit of the holiday season.
"It hardly seems possible that it's been forty years since my mother, Loretta Hines Howard, gave her Nativity collection, the Adoration of the Angels to the Museum for its permanent collection," said Linn Howard
What makes the collection so enchanting? Mostly, the way it's assembled, and the feelings it gives to the visitors. The adornment and illumination of the tree is striking. At the sculptured base is a landscape in which exquisite figures re-enact joyous events. We see the Holy Family with adoring shepherds and their flocks, the procession of the three Magi splendidly attired with their attendants, and colorful townspeople and peasants engaged in various everyday activities.
"It all started when in 1924 my mother received a wedding present of a small 18 th century Neapolitan creche from Marshall and Field in Chicago," explained Howard. During her European honeymoon, Howard's mother looked for more figures to add to the creche . Thus, she began the collecting that would become an important spiritual and artistic focus in her life. "Little did she dream that the beauty and inspirational quality of such figures would lead to adventure ahead," still marvels Linn Howard.
In the years following those first tentative purchases, Loretta Howard's eye for antiques and her interest in religious art led to an exhibit in Paris in 1952 called The Adoration of the Angels . The creche collection contained figures of the finest quality-thirty-two angels of exceptional beauty The owner of the Adoration was Eugenio Catello, noted collector in Naples . After three years of letters back and forth, the sale of the Adoration, which represented three generations of Catello family collecting, was arranged.
When the Adoration arrived from Italy in 1955 without a traditional background, Loretta Howard thought of a way
to put the figures into the family Christmas tree with angels swirling up to the top star. "The effect was amazing, and was greatly admired by her friends," explained Linn
To Loretta Howard's surprise, someone suggested to the director of the Metropolitan Museum to ask her to re-create the angel tree at the Museum . And she followed through , enjoying the experience . In 1964, Loretta Howard gave the collection to the Museum .
Linn worked with her mother for many years on the annual installation of the display , although there was a few years' break. Since her mother's death in 1982 , Linn Howard has continued to create new settings for the figures that she adds to the collection . In keeping with family tradition, Linn's daughter , artist Andrea Selby Rossi , now joins her mother each year in creating the display .
"For my mother, the annual re-creation of the Angel Tree was an act of love and religious devotion," explains Linn . "It was the way my mother combined the Neapolitan Nativity with the Northern European Christmas tree and the encircling figures with lights and music that has made it the work of art loved by so many ."
•••
Cover photo : Annual Christmas Tree and Neapolitan Baroque Creche display 20 foot blue spruce with a collection of I 8'h century Neapolitan angels and cherubs among its bough s and groups ofrealistic creche figures flanking the Nativity scene at its base , displayed in the Museum 's Medieval Sculpture Hall Gift of Loretta Hines Howard, 1964
Dear Readers,
During the past several years , increased printing costs, higher operating costs and two postage increases have crept up on the production of Creche Herald While I personally take no salary from the newsletter-for me, it is pure pleasure to communicate with you-nonetheless , I do feel that most production expenses have to be met. Thus, with great regret, I must raise rates in January 2004. The new 2004 rates, which you will find on page 10, will help us meet most of the costs for continuing to give you a beautiful newsletter that you can treasure or frame.
If you wish to renew ahead of time this year for one or more years, you may use the 2003 rates
We hope that, despite the increase, you will continue to share your love of the Nativity with us . And of course, we continue to be honored by the pleasure of meeting you through the pages of Creche Herald.
Show us your interesting Nativities . Rules are simple . Just get out that camera this season and take some photos you'd like to share. Open to all subscribers .
1. Hard copy pri nts only . If you are using a digital camera , please make and send hard copy prints.
2 Size of Prints : no smaller than 4" x 6" nor larger than 8" x 1O"
3 Prints may be black and white or color
4 It is preferred for publication purposes , but NOT required, that photos be taken from a vertical perspective
5. TWO PRINTS ONLY per entry .
6 . If you want prints returned , include a stamped self-addressed envelope with sufficient United States postage
7 Send photos to : Creche Herald Photo Contest , 117 Crosshill Road , Wynnewood , PA 19096-3511 .
8 Entries must be postmarked by January 15, 2004
9. Include your name , address, phone number and email address with each photo .
Photos will be judged by the Faculty and Staff of the Antonelli Institute of Art and Photography , Erdenheim , Pennsylvan ia.
Winn ing photos will be published in Creche Herald and may be exhib ited at the Antonelli Institute of Art and Photography Antonelli will award certificates of merit and film . The Grand Prize winner will receive a sterling silver Creche Herald pendant.
Questions may be directed to : Drew Simcox , Antonelli Institute of Art and Photography , 300 Montgomery Avenue, Erdenheim , PA 19038 . E-mail : careerservices@antonell i. org
Center holiday celebrations on the true meaning of Christmas with membership in the Fontanini Collectors' ClubsM. Join today for on ly $27.50 (plus $4.95 shipping and handling) to enjoy these exclusive benefits:
• Symbol of Membership figure, Estella with Arch
• Subscription to Fontanini Collector, a newsletter filled with ideas for building family traditions and in-depth historical background on biblical Bethlehem
• Opportunity to purchase additional exclusive products
• And much more!
Joining is easy! Simply visit a participating Fontanini dealer, call 800- 729- 7662 extension 1190, or complete the online club application on our Web site at www.roman.com.
Join now and begin building your family's traditions with Fontanini® Heirloom Nativities®. Memberships also make great gifts for the holidays!
Bring Fa mil~ Traditio n s Ho me w it h Fo nta n in i@ Nativit ies
KEEPING A TRADITION ALIVE IN THE AZORES
Roberto Medeiros, councilor of culture, at Lagoa, Sao Miquel, Azores, Portugal, helps to preserve the Nativity tradition. "In the age of electronics and internet, the old tradition had begun to fade away in the Azores," he said, "but now we see a revival of the old customs."
Elaborate Nativity scenes long have been a part of Portuguese celebrations of Christmas, especially in the Azores. The tradition found its way to the New World, especially in southern New England and eastern Canada.
The clay figures in the Azores Nativity are made by local artisans. It was feared at one time that the art form would die out with the old artists, but now surviving members are taking over the making of these artifacts.
Presepio competitions in the Lagos villages for the most original and imaginative display have added to the holiday season. "This past year," Medeiros says proudly, "we had 71 presepi to judge."
In 1996, Medeiros' municipality inaugurated the Azorean Nativitiy Scene Museum at the Lagoa Town Hall. Here one can view mounted Nativity scenes, photos, and information on local artists and ceramic factories .
Annually, Medeiros visits the U.S. and Canada to open Nativity exhibits . 2003 marks the 50 th year of the first emigration to Canada from the Azores archipelago. "My purpose," said Medeiros, "is to develop the arts and crafts of Lagoa, and see that the Christmas tradition thrives wherever the Azorean people have gone." MH. Roberto Medeiros will be speaking at the Friends of the Creche Convention in Hyannis, Massachusetts.
SPECIAL EVENTS AT FOTC CONVENTION
Acclaimed artist, author, and teacher Mohammed Amin of Tamale, Ghana (West Africa), winner of the first place prize in the 1996 International Creche Competition in Bellingham, Washington, will demonstrate the craft of creche making with four assistant potters. Amin also will have his creches and book at the Manger Mart.
The main lobby of the Cape Codder Resort will be alive with dramatic floral displays by eighteen local florists. As centerpiece, a large Christmas tree hung with scores of angels will tower above an Italian style presepio The tree is owned by Father tim Goldrick, convention co-chair.
An extra special Cape Cod Open House awaits conventioneers who can stay for Sunday. Eileen and Jim Canty of Marion, a nearby community, will open their home with its hundreds of creches for convention visitors.
A highlight of the closing convention banquet will be a concert by more than two dozen Victorian dressed choristers of the famed Cape Cod Chorale.
The Famous Cracow Creche (Szopka Krakowska)
•Detailed and colorful mixed media, hand- -. crafted by Polish artists.
•No two exactly alike, about 8 3/4 inches high.
•Packed in a green gift box.with Krinkle Cut fill.
•Your $30.00 check or MO, includes a creche and shipping to U.S. destinations.
Imported by
A Mexican tin church serves as background for a Peruvian pottery Nativity. Collection of Carolyn Winterroth, Bloomington, Illinois .
CELEBRATING THE SEASON
FRANCE
Sponsored by L 'Association Fran~aise des Amis de Ia Creche: Aries Nov. 15 to Jan.15.2004. At salon International du Santonnier. Exhibit of traditional creches of area. Grasse. Palais des Congres. Dec 14-23.
La Vallee des Santons Exhibit in collaboration with the communes ofBreil, Fontan, Saorge, La Brigue, and Tende. Dec. 14 to Jan. 18, 2004.
Nice. Mois de /'art Sacre (Month of Sacred Art) Church exhibits. "La seconde balade des santons dans le VieuxNice." December.
PORTUGAL
Amadora. Nov. 29 to Dec 23
Oporto . Dec 12 to Dec. 21
Vila do Conde. Dec. 1-8
Vila Real . Dec. 4 to Dec. 8
UNITED ST ATES
California:
Berkeley. Saint Clement's Episcopal Church, 2837 Claremont Blvd. Judith Davis collection. Dec. 5, 6, 7. 510-843-2678
Donation.
La Costa Glen La Costa Glen Clubhouse. Joyce Hinshaw collection . Dec. 22-Jan 3, 2004. Call first. 760-704-1116.
Mill Valley. Our Savior Episcopal Church, #10 Old Mill Street. Judith Davis collection. Dec. 13. 415-388-1907. Donation
Colorado: Salida. First Lutheran Church. 1237 F St. Dec. 7 Free. 719-539-4311. Firstlutheran@chaffee.net
Iowa: Ainsworth Community Center Opera House Dec 5, 6, 7,12, 13, 14. Fee. www.geocities com/ainsworthopera
Massachusetts:
Assonet Village, Freetown. Saint Bernard Church. Tim Goldrick collection Dec. 19-21. Part of Christmas in the Village celebration of Catholic and Protestant churches
Attleboro LaSalette, 947 Park Ave Eileen Canty collection. Nov .27 to Jan. I. Includes light display. 4 -8:30 p.m. 505-2225410 for directions and hours.
Wareham. Library. 59 Marion Ave. Eileen Canty collection. Dec. 15 to Jan. 15. Closed Sunday. 508-295-2343.
New Hampshire: Manchester . Diocesan Museum. 140 Laurel St. Nov. 17-Feb. I. Wed., Fri., Sat/Sun in Dec. 603-624-1729.
New York:
New Rochelle. College of New Rochelle. Castle Gallery Eileen Canty collection Dec. 7-Feb. 3 914-654-5423
New York City Metropolitan Museum of Art. "The Angel Tree." 18th century presepio Nov. 29-Jan. 4.
Ohio:
Bryan. Wesley United Methodist Church, 903 Center St. Dec. 4-7 . Noon to 8 p.m. Messiah on closing day. A.J. Goldsmith, 419-633-3388.
Cincinnati 1318 Nagel Road. North American Provincial Headquarters of Comboni Missionaries
Columbus. State Auto Nativity Display. 518 E. Broad St. Life sized figures. 800-444-9950. Debbie.Conkel@stateauto.com
Utah: Midway. 165 No. Main St. Dec 5,6,7,8 Over 700 Nativities from 80 different countries.
Creche Hunting ... in Catalogs by
Eileen Canty
If your house is like ours, Christmas catalogs start arriving along with notices of back-to-school sales. If you are not similarly bombarded, ask your friends for their copies because there's good hunting in them.
Before you start, however, I have three tips. First, scan them all before recycling because you never know what is tucked within their pages. Next, check by phone, and online if a web site option is offered, to see if there are any special offers or last minute price changes. Finally, check post-Christmas prices
Early on, our daughter introduced me to SERRV International (P.O. Box 365, New Windsor, MD, 800-4225919, www.serrv.org), a catalog of crafts by artisans and co-ops from third world countries.
Although she complains that she is giving up her best sources for my gifts, our daughter also discovered my new favorite, the Eziba catalog. Eziba (888-404-5108, www.eziba.com) showcases international folk art. The tricky thing here is that Eziba publishes multiple preChristmas catalogs, and not all sets are offered in each
Many department store catalogs feature one or more Nativity items. For example, check Marshall Fields, www.target.com to request a catalog.
Among specialty catalogs, Terry's Village (P.O. Box 2778, Omaha, NE 68103, 800-200-4400, www.terrysvillage.com) offers figures, ornaments, snow globes,from $5 to about $50. Oriental Trading Company (Omaha, NE, 800-875-8480, www oriental.com) provides inexpensive ($10 or less) Nativity items and craft sets, ideal for party favors, stocking stuffers and youth group projects .
In addition to the above, readers have suggested:
* Bronner's, PO Box 176, Frankenmuth, Ml 48734, 800-361-6736 . The catalog is just the tip of the iceberg when compared to what you find in the store
*St. Jude Shop, 2310 Brookline Blvd., Havertown, PA 19083, 800-523-7604, www.giftswithlove .com. A nice resource with variety.
*The World of Kathe Wolfahrt, 129 S. Main Street, Stillwater, MN 55082, 800-227-3515, www wohlfahrt.com. Music boxes, pyramids and such.
*The Printery House, Conception Abbey, Conception, MO 64433, 800-322-2737, www printeryhouse.org. Great for Christmas cards/ icons.
*Bridge Building Images, PO Box 1048, Burlington, VT 05402, 802-864-8346, www.BridgeBuilding.com. Cards, advent calendars , etc.
*Au tom, 5226 South 31 st Place, Phoenix, AZ 85040, 800-521-2914, www AutomOnline.com. Nativity sets, pins, ornaments, magnets. Under $1 up .
If you would like to share your favorite creche hunting sites, please send them to me at 345 Point Road, Marion , MA 02 738 or emcanty@aol.com
Lace in a Sweatshirt or T-shirt. The shirt fabric is removed & lace is inserted. A blouse or shirt is worn under the sweatshirt.
Our garments are made with washable lace & shirts. They range from size Medium to 3X-Large. Prices: T-shirts Med.---X-Large $25 add $2 for larger sizes : Sweatshirts Med.-X-Large $35 add $2 for the larger sizes. Plus s/h
J a n's Cra ft s 3677 Big Buffa lo R oad Stover, MO 573-377-2508 mjfordz@advert isnet.com
Our model is wearing one of our ma n y des ign s.
FROM OUR READERS:
I was intrigued by the article in last summer's Creche Her aid about Joseph's changing role in Nativity scenes My daughter found the set below for me .
In the scene above , I do believe Mary is shown waving t o the Baby Jesus , but my family thinks it ' s more likely that she ' s say ing , " Joseph! Be careful! " Elis ab eth Hasbr o u ck, Pitman , N ew J ersey.
Creche
6LOBAL SIFTS
6LOBAL 6IFTS in San Pedro, California, welcomes you to its spectacular 20th annual Nativity Show and Sale, Saturday, November 1, from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m
The non-profit international folk-art shop, which donates a portion of its proceeds to children's aid projects around the world, has become famous as a West Coast hub for unique, handcrafted creches, hundreds of which are on offer at the annual show and sale. All year, the hunt is on for new artisans, craftspeople and other sources to feature in the show and sale, with surprises and great finds.
This year, Nativities will be available from dozens of countries, includin~ Argentina, Ethiopia, Kazakhstan, Bolivia, India, Ireland, New Zealand, Greece, Ecuador, Poland, Zimbabwe, Haiti, Hungary, Lithuania, Dominican Republic, Canada, Spain, Canary Islands, Ghana, Romania, Nepal, and Bosnia, as well as several Native American tribes, including the Pueblo, Navajo and Inuit.
The event marks the opening of the shop's holiday season, attracting collectors from far afield. Every year, a few selected collectors display some of their own favorite Nativity sets, and open the floor for discussion, sharing tips on collecting, and recounting anecdotes about how they came to find some of their favorites.
The theme of this year's show and sale at 6LOBAL 6IFTS is Community. Creche collectors and enthusiasts are a worldwide community, and this event is a platform on which members of the community can come together and do what they love best-meeting fellow collectors, trading tales, and inspecting new specimens.
Creches this year span a wide range of media, including glass, gourds, fossilized walrus ivory, origami, glass, ceramic, brush, and soapstone. In keeping with the season, hundreds of hand-crafted Christmas tree ornaments from around the world also are on sale.
6LOBAL 61FrS, 581 WEST 7™ STREET, SAN PEDRO, CA 90781. TEL: 810-548-1 762
KZ-601 - Small Yurt Nativity, Felt (5 figures), $42.00. Made in Kyrgyzstan.(Joseph is 4 " tall.) Wool felt is the material of choice for handcrafts among the nomadic tribes of Central Asia For storage, the figures fit comfortably within the shelter of the yurt
Vo(gq Rivet
Ttqc!ing
Compqny
Come see us ,rt The Frienc!s oF the Creche Convention in Hyclnnis, MclSSclchusetts (November 6-8, 2003). We will helve this ncltivity clncl mclny others which you mcly orcler clt the show, plus severcll one-oF-cJ-kincl ncltivities.
Volga River Trading Company 191 Bank St., 2nd Floor Burlington, VT 05401 800-639-4309
The Board, the convention team, and I are eagerly looking forward to seeing many of you soon at our second national convention. The team has worked very hard for nearly two years to construct a program that will be appealing, educational, and enjoyable I can guarantee that those folks attending will have a treat.
This issue of Creche Herald carries several items describing elements of the convention. I hope they entice you to join us Among other highlights, the program includes participants coming from Portugal and Ghana as well as distinguished Friends of the Creche members. A noted creche artist is our keynote speaker. There will be striking exhibits, including an 18 th century Italian presepio . There will be how-to sessions as well as entertainment.
While many of you have registered for the convention, there is still time for those among you who are undecided. Registration for the convention remains open until October 23. I hope you will consider joining us. Remember, you can combine attending the convention with a Thursday morning tour of Plimouth Plantation as well as your own touring in New England at a wonderful time of year.
In our June meeting, the Board reviewed preparations for the 2003 convention, 2004 membership meeting, and the 2005 convention, approved guidelines for our archives being established at the Marian Library at the University of Dayton, received a formal report on our first research effort-the church/creche survey, and discussed other operational matters. Our regular treasury balance as of April 30 was $6,772.97 While a prospect for pro bono legal support has developed, we still are seeking volunteer support to develop our web page If you can help us or can recommend someone who can help us, please let me know.
As always, I invite you to correspond with me. Your comments and suggestions are more than welcome. And it would be great to receive them in person at the convention See you there!!
Jim Govan, President, Friends of the Creche (JimGovan@aol.com)
New! l.o\orfu\! Unique.! for 1our~\f. for stoG~in9 stufftrs. for 9it-at.quainttd iGt-brta~trs. for min and womtn . Wtar on a swiatir. b\ouu. jat.~tt, or tit.
Friends of the Creche pin in red, blue &goldtone.
Actual in size: 1" 1" high
Only $3 (including postage)
Send to: Friends of the Creche 2833 Symphony Way Dayton, OH 45449
Inspiration & Recreation at Hyannis Convention Program Highlights
10 a.m.: Charles Des Ruisseaux "French/Canadian Ethnic Creche Traditions"
11-noon: Annual membership meeting
2 p.m.: Roberta Paradise . "Kids and Creches"
2:45 p.m : "The Little Saints of Christmas Pageant"
3:30 p.m .: Live Auction/Raffle
7 p.m .: Banquet. Concert by Cape Cod Chorale .
Sunday, November 9
9 a .m .: Optional worship services
11 a m : Optional tour of home of Jim & Eileen Canty to view their creche collection. (Free)
Also . .. Craft demonstrations , Manger Mart , Creche Museum , 18 th century Presepio, Creche Fes ti val of Flowers, Carol Singing, Camaraderie , and lots more.
Join the Fun! Register by October 23.
Contact: Mary Fuller, 79 Puritan Road , Buzzards Bay, MA 02532 . Email : fullerm@massed.net
HOW TO LIGHT YOUR NATIVITY SCENE
by Janelle Nein
Lighting sets the mood in photography and is one of the most important factors in the process. When photographing a Nativity scene, you don't want the Nativity to be too dark, but you don't want it to be too bright. Here are a few easy options to follow to enhance your scene.
OPTION 1: Window Lighting
Set up your Nativity scene facing a window, but not directly in front. The best time of day to photograph is mid morning or late afternoon. If the light coming through the window is really bright, put a sheer cloth over the window. This cuts down the light streaming in, and allows a soft diffused light to hit your scene. Tum off the flash on your camera to take the photo.
OPTION 2: Open Shade
Take your Nativity outside on a sunny day. Set the Nativity up on a flat surface under the shade of a tree. Mid morning to mid afternoon is the best time to take these photos. You don't want it to be too dark or too bright.
OPTION 3: Hot Lights
Set your Nativity up under a regular lamp, or other lamp known as hot lights. Put the light about six to twelve inches away from your scene. Make sure that you cannot see the lamp in your photograph. The lamp should be anywhere from two to three feet high. If one light does not illuminate your entire scene, put another lamp on the other side until the entire Nativity looks well lighted. Make sure your camera flash is turned off.
OPTION 4: Flash
When using a flash, you have to be concerned about making your photograph too bright or blown out. This means that the light overtakes the subject, and you cannot see the detail in your object. To prevent this from happening, cut a piece of tracing paper or a sheer cloth to fit your flash; tape the paper or cloth to your flash.
Using these techniques when photographing your Nativity will help you understand lighting a little better. These hints also can be used in everyday photography. Above all, have fun, keep photographing, and enjoy the photos of your beautiful Nativity.
Janelle Nein is a professional photographer from Womelsdorf. Pennsylvania. She welcomes your questions. For other ideas, contact her at Janelle_Nein@yahoo com.
Creche Herald
Editor/publisher: Rita B. Bocher
Contributing editor: Mary B. Herzel Communications: Frank B. Herzel
JI 7 Crosshill Road, Wynnewood, PA 19096-3511 U.S.A.
Web page : www.op.net/-bocassoc/ E-mail: crecher@op.net
Printed by St. Joseph's University Press , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Natural window lighting
Hot lights ( a lamp)
Flash covered by sheer cloth
Small Italian Town Boasts Major Display
by Judith Davis
Brembo de Dalmine is a small town on the outskirts of Bergamo in north central Italy. Despite its size, it boasts a major creche museum founded some thirty years ago by a wood sculptor, the late Don Giacomo Piazzoli and the local Associazione Amici de/ Presepio.
About 800 Nativities, containing thousands of figures, are displayed on the museum's two floors. The sets vary in size from one so tiny that it must be viewed through a microscope to others displaying life-size figures.
The settings for many of the Nativity figures are unique. In one created by Don Giacomo a Nativity is featured in a light bulb; in another, the craftsman has used an old radio casing for a background; a Chinese creche with large figures is displayed against a back-drop of the city of Hong Kong. Italy is represented by several older presepi as well as by modem sets, many crafted by members of the Association. Other sets are from around the world.
In addition to the creche collection, the Museo possesses an archive of books, a collection of about 200 paper Nativities, and all matter of items pertaining to Christmas and the Nativity. There is also a small gift shop. No photographs are permitted in the museum.
The Museo del Presepio is located at Via XXV Aprile, 170 in Brembo de Dalmine. When we visited, it was open every day during December and January from 2-6 p.m. and on Sunday from 9-12 and 2- 7p.m. Hours posted for the rest of the year were Sundays and holidays from 2-6 p.m. Check before going. The Museo is not easy to find-at least it was not for us-but it certainly was well worth the effort.
Email: info@museodelpresepio.com.
Judith and Robert Davis, El Cerrito, California, often find interesting creche sites in their extensive travels.
Jan's Crafts, in operation several years, has created a unique line of sweatshirts and tee-shirts. The shirts have lace inserts of the Nativity scene. Other lace inserts include trump~ting angels as well as various Americana designs.
Ongmally, the firm started by crafting silhouette Creche scenes made from old barn boards brought to them by their customers. Now, the firm emphasizes apparel with a twist.
Jan's Crafts, and its sister business, Casual Designs, wholesales shirts to stores in several Midwestern states. It does not wholesale outside the United States.
Inquiries are welcome. Be sure to put the word "shirts" in the subject line of your email.
Jan's Crafts
3677 Big Buffalo Road Stover, MO 65078
573-377-2508 mjfordz@advertisnet.com
For special Christmas giving: order your Creche Herald logo sterling silver pendant (Size: 2'') $40 plus $4 slh. Send to Creche Herald.
Creche Herald subscription information
2004 Annual rate: $18; Canada/Mexico: US $21
Other countries: US $23
Enclose check or money on;ler payable to Creche Herald. Mail to: Creche Herald, 117 Crosshill Road
Wynnewood, PA 19096-3511 U.S.A.
Be sure to include name, address, telephone, e-mail
Wooden figures with_pap\er mache clothes , made by the Mendivil Family of Cuzco, Peru, are dtstmgmshed by their long necks. Mary is about 13" high . Purchased in Cuzco in 1995; a similar set in the Brembo de Dal mine museum dates from 1981 0 Collection of Judith Davis
This Nativity ,from Peru, is offired clay and painted in blue and white. Collection ofAnita Davis, Ainsworth.
Antique Presepio Figures Uncovered
Those lucky enough to view close up the 17th and I 8th century Neapolitan figures are always entranced by their facial expressions and poses. The realism and beauty of the facial features and exposed limbs are due to the skill of the artist, with many of the most famous painters of the day commissioned to create the exquisite figures.
Originally, the presepio figures were crafted from wood without any articulation of the limbs. Faces and hands were especially well painted, but the figures were rigid. While the features might be noteworthy, the positions of the figures never varied.
Sometime during the 17th century, an element of flexibility was introduced. The head and trunk were of a single block of wood, but the wooden limbs were attached and were "hinged" in ingenious ways which permitted posing. Where the figure was to be seated, the trunk might be in two sections to permit bending the body, or if the figure was to be kneeling, the knee part might be sectioned.
By the end of the 17 century, perhaps the best known era of the Neapolitan figures, flexibility was achieved through a totally different construction. Instead of articulated wooden limbs, posing was now achieved through a clever construction of a central wire skeleton or armature covered by some type of tow or jute material. The head, hands, and feet were separately crafted and attached by means of the wiring in the arms and legs.
During the I 8th century also, the heads and faces became c particularly lifelike Instead of being carved in wood, they often were modeled in terra cotta, and then covered in a smooth gesso or plaster. Sculpted by well known artists, many from the Italian Capodimonte region, features might include the most intimate of details such as moles, veins, and even goiters. Glass eyes were inserted for added realism.
Cloth for the costumes usually was locally loomed, although the silks came from Asia. Mary and the Magi received the most attention in their garb, with the elaborate embroidery and fabric trim frequently coming from the skilled needles of nuns in the convents.
The figures in the right column from the Belen de/ Principe collection of the Patrimonio Nacional, Madrid, Spain, illustrate some of the methods used in posing.
Q. I have heard that the village and street scenes that are typical of the traditional Neapolitanpresepio evolved, in a sense, as a social statement.
A. In the 17 th and 18th centuries, the Italian peninsula was not a united country. Naples came under the rule of the Spanish Royal House as part of the Kingdom of the Two S1cilies. The pious ruler, Charles III, an amateur wood carver, took special pleasure in the creation of Nativity scenes. His work ignited the interest of the rising middle class which saw an opportunity to display its own growing wealth. The creche became not only a depiction of a sacred event, but a social mirror reflecting life in Naples and its environs, and an increasingly elaborate theatrical production where the spiritual gave way to the spectacular.
A. Figure of articulated wood Note "hinges" at the elbows , shoulders , lower torso , and knees.
B. Figure with upper torso and lower arm s of wood; remainder of body is of wire sheathed with tow or a jute material. The wire skeleton or armature permits posing of the figure.
C. Wooden figure she athed with tow or a jute material. Note the wooden torso which will be " hing ed" to the leg s.
D Figure of articulated wood Wooden "hinges " at the elbow s, shoulders , and waist permit posing of the figure
Figures above, from the mid 18th century, are part of the collection, Belen del Principe, brought to Madrid from Naples in 1760 by King Charles III Now preserved in the collection of the Patrimonio Nacional, Madrid, Spain From their book, Navidad en Palacio : De Nazaret a Belen, 2000. Used with the kind permission of the Patrimonio Nacional
Scenes from the Neapolitan style presepio constructed by June Kibbe, Medfield, Massachusetts The central scene, the Roman temple ruins, was based upon the Cuciniello presepio of Naples, Italy Over 20 feet long, the display will be on view at the Friends of the Creche Convention in Hyannis, Massachusetts, November 6-8, 2003 ,.
ARTIST JUNE KIBBE RECREATES THE ITALIAN PRESEPIO
By Dorothy McGonag/e
About five years ago, June Kibbe conceived a Neapolitan type setting for the spectacular antique Nativity figures she owned. The first background, relatively modest, was shown at the Boston Public Library. Later expanded and enhanced for other exhibits, the dramatically theatrical display now measures over 20 feet in length and five feet in depth. It features over 100 exquisitely garbed and meticulously researched figures and accompanying accessories.
Over the years, when June has found it impossible to obtain an essential antique item, she simply has made one, or in the case of sheep, several. She needed a horse and a black king, so they grew from her talented hands After an exhibit in Seattle, she thought an elephant would be a fine addition to the entourage, and so she began an elephant-this wrinkled fellow weighs 25 pounds. Her antique Samaritan lady rides in an elaborately trimmed howdah, the latter a creation made by Kibbe based upon photographs in a glorious folio brought from Italy, Forma e Co/ore: ii Presepe Napoletano The requisite attendant, called a mahout, was not readily found. So, of course, June sculpted him from scratch
Her current major work is creating the Inn, one of the central elements of a presepio. The Inn being constructed by Kibbe was based upon one in the splendid presepio collected by Michele Cuciniello in the 19th century; however, when she discovered that their Inn was influenced by an earlier design, she worked with both elements to create her own
The combination of the antique and new figures in Kibbe's artistic settings splendidly replicates those of the 18 th and 19th century Neapolitans. She brings to her work skills that cross many areas of art, needlework, costuming, restoration, sculpting, carving , painting, set design and construction, all carried forward with the integrity of her historical research
Dorothy McGonagle, Sudbury, Massachusetts, started out collecting antique dolls before she became immersed in antique Nativity sc en es She has collaborated with June Kibbe over many years Some of her figures are included in the Kibbe set
2003 Convention Issue
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Greetings,
As a child, the most imJ?.ortant thing to me about Christmas was the gifts It still is. But now, I do not look for the gifts under the tree. I have learned in my heart that the greatest gift of all time was God's Christmas gift of his Son to all the peoples of the world in their many and varied cultures-in so many and varied ways God, after all, loves variety.
I also have learned that people are gifts-gifts which the Father sends to me wrapped. Some come in beautiful wrappings, and some in very ordinary wrapping paper. I have learned that the wrapping is not the gift-an easy mistake to make! Once in a while, there is a special delivery . For me, my Muslim brother, Mohammed Amin, was a special delivery at the convention.
Every gathering of people is an exchange of gifts-and that includes our Cape Cod convention. We are gifts to each other-gifts received and gifts given (just like the Father ' s gift of Jesus). Thank you for sharing the convention with us. Thank you for the gift that you are to all of us!
What was the gift I received at the convention that touched me most? There were so many. Surely, the spirit of joy, and the spirit of sharing of so many talented and scholarly people. Too, the spontaneous motion of applause for the convention team. And, of course, seeing so many old friends working together. But most of all, let me say YOU.
Tim Goldrick, 2003 Creches by the Sea Convention Host
Dear Friends,
From opening procession to concluding concert, Creches by the Sea, our national convention, was a resounding success Presentations were superb, including our first participants from overseas: Minister Roberto Medeiros of the Azores and Mohammed Amin of Ghana Exhibits, capped by an 18th century Neapolitanpresepio , were awesome. Musical programs, a play, raffle, and auction provided engaging interludes.
The success of Creches by the Sea augurs well. This second convention was a major step forward in Friends of the Creche I sensed a growing familiarity among members who had attended previous meetings. Thi~ bonding will strengthen the social context of our organization and future meetings
Our society also established a good presence in the New England region. Our wonderful hosts and convention team worked hard to present us with this memorable experience. Their enthusiasm radiated throughout. They also have decided to remain together by forming a local group, perhaps a forerunner of what other Friends of the Creche members might do in other regions Creches by the Sea is a phrase we are not likely to forget.
Many already are looking forward to our one-day annual meeting in Pomona, California, on October 30, 2004, and our next biennial convention in Santa Fe, New Mexico, in early November 2005 I hope you can join usforbothofthese events.
Jim Govan, President, Friends of the Creche
Jim Govan , Co-host Diane Costa , Tim Goldrick
Floral creche display
Award o/Recognition : Judith Fosher ; Michel Forest
Creches By The Sea
November 6 - 8, 2003
Hyannis, Massachusetts, USA
For those who attended the convention, the presentation summaries below will be a reminder of the extraordinary speakers and events . For those unable to attend , we hope the capsules will give you a flavor of the proceedings , and perhaps entice you to join us for future meetings. Further information is available from speakers who have agreed to list an email address .
Convention Facts and Figures
Award of Recognition: Judith Fosher; Michel Forest
Number of attendees : 205 States represented : 31
Mas sachusetts : 24 ; Penn sylvania: 16 ; Colorado: 13 ; Michigan, New York : 12 ; Ohio : 10; California, Illinois , Virginia: 9; New Jersey, Wisconsin , 8: Utah : 7; Texas , Minnesota , New Hamp shire : 6; Georgia : 5; Kentucky, Indiana, Vermont: 4 Connecticut, Florida, Maryland, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Iowa, Oregon : 3 ; Maine , Mis souri , Rhode Island : 2 ; Louisiana, New Mexico: 1. Foreign countries: 3 Canada: 2; Ghana, Portugal : 1 Farthest distance by a participant: Mohammed Amin, Ghana
Figures in June Kibbe's Neapolitan presepio: 113 Santons in Charles Des Ruisseaux's village: 85 ' 'Angels on Tim Goldrick's Angel Tree: 74 Floral displays with creches: 13 Number of vendors : 44; Tables: 57
Members singing in Cape Cod Chorale : 90 Joyous Christmas Minstral: Father Pat (Reverend Andre Patenaude, MS) Number of children in s anton pageant: 17 How many of public attended: 4000 Number of creche s in museum : Countless Logo design: Ron Costa Banner quilting : Jean Giddings
Keynote Speaker: John Giuliani, O.S.B.
"Cultural Diversity in the Depiction of the Creche"
The creative act draws upon the soul in the task of imaging the sacred . Like prayer, the creative process arises from the desire for the fullness of reality. All peoples at all times in all places give expression to this desire. It is an innate religious impulse in order to establish human connections with the Holy.
It should not surprise us to see in a Roman catacomb frescoes of the 2nd century depicting Mary holding the Child mirroring an image of the Roman goddess , Cybelle, holding her once lost child. Western Christianity found visual expression for its faith inartistic prototypes wherever Christianity took root.
Similarly, in the native peoples of the Americas, I discovered a spiritual intensity reflecting the mystical centrality of our faith. Thus began a true and prayerful visual ministry of reconciliation of Native American identities within a Christian iconography.
Johann Roten, S.M.
"Historical Development in the Depiction of the Nativity"
The Nativity springs from two main sources: the Bible (the Infancy Narrations in Luke and Matthew), and the so-called apocryphal writings, four of which are the Pseudo-Gospel of James, the Arabic Infancy Gospel, the Book about the Infancy of the Savior, and the Pseudo-Gospel of Matthew . These "hidden" (apocryphal) writings were excluded from the Bible, but had a lasting influence on the religious imagination of early Christian generations and subsequent expressions of devotion and art.
For example, the Bible does not have an answer to the question of cave or stable The cave is first mentioned in the Pseudo-Gospel of James, the oldest of the apocryphal writings. In the PseudoGospel of Matthew, Mary moved from the cave to the stable three days after giving birth Again , the Bible remains silent on the ox and the ass, but the Pseudo-Matthew tells us that once in the stable, the ox and ass worshiped the Lord Jesus Christ.
Many motifs and episodes could be mentioned to illustrate both the humanity and divinity of Jesus , the pillars of the Christmas mystery.
Judith Davis; Holly Zenger: "Cataloguing Your Nativity"
Whether using 3"x 5" catalog cards or a computer based data system, the following creche information should be recorded Give the set a number in your collection for an immediate reference point. Include a description of the set (medium, colors , size, etc.), country where set was made, number of pieces in set, name of artist or craftsperson, where and when purchased, or name of gift giver. Record any anecdote surrounding the acquisition Note any information you may have of the artist or craftsperson . Photograph the set for your files .
Sets can be stored in storage boxes Number the storage box on the outside and keep a list of what is in the box by country and individual sets. This file should be kept separately.
If you use a computerized data system, you might want to keep a separate three ring binder for your photographs and pertinent information about your creche.
Appraisal costs can be minimized with good records and photos. Note distinguishing factors and marks. Condition of the set is important. A technique for checking is the use of a black light to detect repairs not otherwise evident. While there is much appraisal information on known names such as Lenox, Fontanini, and some Woolworth Nativities, artist's renditions , folk art, one-of-a-kind sets need good records to ascertain value.
Elaborate Nativity scenes long have been a tradition in the Azores, but for a while, it was feared the old art form of hand crafted figures would die. These figures, produced at home , had been a special tradition of Vila da Lagoa
To revitalize this important legacy, Lagoa opened the Azorean Nativity Scene Museum in 1996. The city's Cultural Department also mounted displays in Canada and the United States where large clusters of Portuguese lived. Annual competitions among the Nativity crafts persons have also contributed to the renaissance
Friends of the Creche 2003 Convention
Richard Rehfeldt, Ph.D.: "H There Were No Innkeeper, Would Jesus Still Have Been Laid in a Manger?-What the Bible REALLY Says About the Nativity"
According to Luke :7 , the Bible says She laid him in a manger becaus e there was no room for them in the inn. The word "inn" is a Westem translation since the 4th century of the original Greek word, kataluma. However, in the Mideastern world , kataluma has been translated for over nineteen centuries as "guest room." Joseph, from a family with roots in Bethlehem, would have stayed in a relative's home
Homes of the time and region would have housed the family and its animals. The home would have been comprised of one long room with a feed box at one end for animals kept at a level below the main floor An upper level on one side of the house would have been the "guest room" or kataluma When Joseph and Mary arrived at the house , it is likely the kataluma already was filled with family. Thus, when Mary ' s time came, she would have delivered on the main floor and laid the child in the manger at the end of the long, one-room home. Thus, there was no "inn" or "innkeeper" that turned away Mary and Joseph.
Dorothy McGonagle: "Photographing Your Creche"
The majority of my work is done with flash. I like to diffuse the flash for closeups as the light can sometimes be harsh, and one wants to create a certain amount of mystery with the Nativity. Cameras vary, so play around with different techniques to get a solid feel of what your camera can do in different situations, and work with your camera ' s strengths. Digital photography is opening many new possibilities, but here again , working with your camera is the key to good photos. For basic hints, see Creche Herald, Summer/Fall 2003. Dorothy McGonagle: Dorothymcgonagle @aol.com
Eileen Canty: "Displaying Creches at Home"
Our home display is more pragmatic than decorator planned. We have an open floor plan, cathedral ceilings, and lots of glass casement windows and glass doors.
We initially opted for glass shelves in the windows and running shelves on top of the window ledges. More recently, we have converted pieces from our glass collection as bases for displaying small creches . Everywhere and everything is viewed as a possible display site We ' ve added shelves by the fireplace, and glass etageres in front of the glass sliding doors. Bookcases , tables, buffets , and the top of the TV are used. Stock items, such as Extend-a-shelfhave helped Textile Nativities have been framed, sewn onto backing fabrics , hung on a dowel or even nailed directly to the wall. Our displays constantly change as we add , loan or donate pieces. Eileen Canty : em canty@aol com
Mary Fuller et al: "Discovering Your Inner Artist: How to Create Your Own Creches"
Presentations included Scherenschnittepaper cutting and a clay pot manger by Jeanne Spellman; Sculpey Clay Nativity by Sarah Fuller; beaded ornaments and pins by Maureen Miconi-Ross; paper village display by Father Manuel Perreira, and crepe paper twisted figures by Father Joe Viveiros Attendees also met Al Croce who makes beaded eggs, and artists Mohammed Amin , John Giuliani, June Kibbe, and Maxwell Mays.
The word "Bethlehem" means "house of bread." To that end Mary Fuller explained how to create your own bread manger: hollow out a loaf of uncut bread; dry thoroughly, and shellac. Insert Spanish moss , tiny figures and decorate. When not on display, seal in tight container
Ma ry Fuller: fullerm.mas sed@rcn. com
Charles Des Ruisseaux: "Christmas in Provence"
The word, santon,comes from the Provem;al language meaning "small saint." Strictly speaking, the Holy Family and other biblical characters are not of the family of santons; rather , it is the figures representing the villagers bringing their humble gifts to the Christ Child as they worship Him
The santonniers (makers of santons) brought Bethlehem to southern France and the people of Provence to Christ's manger . Early santons were made of wood , wax , cork or papier mache ; later they were made of clay which could be bought at a low price. The craft reached its peak in the 1820s and 1830s.
There are two types of santons : santon d 'argile (clay figures) andsantons habilles(clothed figures). San tons , inspired by those of Provence, came to Quebec about 1975.Diomuseum@msn.eom
June Kibbe: "Cha1lenges Mounting the Neapolitan.Presepio"
The 20 foot wide-5 foot deep creche included over 500 pieces fitted together like a 3-dirnensional jigsaw puzzle Everything was labeled and numbered We packed 36 cartons , 15 pieces of styrofoam and 2 rolls of cloth. In addition to the creation of the background-the newest structure being the inn-I sculpted the elephant, mahout, howdah and holder, and various missing body parts and clothes for other figures A rewarding challenge!
Ed Connulty: "Insuring Your Nativity"
Expensive pieces are defined as fine art and should be insured on a personal articles policy or an endorsement to a homeowner policy These fine articles should first be appraised by a competent appraiser and then scheduled on the policy Depending upon insurer, fine arts cost about $1.15-$1.25 per $ 1000 of value Contact your own agent or company for details
Maureen Miconi-Ross: "Arranging Your Display"
Adding simple elements and color to your display can increase the beauty and interest of the scene. Thrift shops and the like are sources for unusual decorative items. Scraps of fabric , dried or silk flowers or plants, seashells, pine cones can all be used-even an interesting scarf carefully draped can create a dramatic focus
Roberta Paradise: "Kids and Creches"
Participants were challenged to begin traditions in their families to deepen the meaning of Christmas-Christ ' s presence in our world Relating a visit to "Cape Cod Creche Lady"Anne Austill who shared her Christmas memories and encouraged others to do so , Paradise began this custom in her own family. On Christmas Eve , each member shares a Christmas memory while lighting a candle-Austill ' s "Festival of Lights."
Village Kids Theater Troupe: "The Little Saints of Christmas Pageant" Playwright: Ben Levesque; Director: Shawn Bolduc
On the night of the Wonderful Nativity, the people of Bethlehem (which was really in Provence) experienced unusual events. Townspeople, shepherds and kings brought their gifts to the Family while relating the miraculous events . At the end , each actor re-appeared, carrying a santon of his/her character and left the figure on the stage until the entire creche scene was recreated .
Special Exhibit: "High End to Five and Ten-The Influence of the Neapolitan Creche"
This exhibit ranged from museum quality figures owned by June Kibbe, and Dorothy and Jerome McGonagle in the Neapolitanpresepio setting constructed by Kibbe to the 15-inch decorator santons from the collection of Charles Des Ruisseaux, and an assortment of smaller santons. Also included were figures from Germany and Italy sold in Woolworth ' s.
Friends
523 Springfield Avenue
Folsom, PA 19033
USA
Village Kids Theater Troupe
Opening procession
Saint Mary ' s Church Bell Ringers
Singing with Father Pat Angel Tree
Prepared for Friends of the Creche by Rita B Bocher, Creche Herald. Photos by Bud Bocher, Margaret Bonaccorai, Frank Herzel, Harry Yates. Reproduced by Saint Joseph ' s University Press, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
