FERVOR: The Magazine

F E R V O R The Magazine

T H E T I M E IS NOW #BlackLivesMatter, Political Prisons, The Violence Against Women, Income Inequality, Police Brutality, Oppression on the LGBT population, and how WE must fight back to be FREE.

March 11, 2015. Issue No. 1. Vol. 1.

F E R V O R The Magazine

March 11, 2015. Issue No. 1. Vol. 1.

March 11, 2015. Issue No. 1. Vol. 1.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 4 7 9 11 13

what you should know about:

STATE & POLICE BRUTALITY what you should know about:

THE LGBTI STRUGGLE what you should know about:

#BLACKLIVESMATTER what you should know about:

VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN what you should know about:

INCOME

INEQUALITY

what you should know about:

U.S. POLITICAL PRISONS

what you should know about:

state & polIce brutality Police Brutality is “the use of excessive physical force or verbal assault and psychological intimidation” (Chaney). While this brutality of assault and intimidation has been occurring since the foundation of police forces themselves, it has severely increased. This increase is completely visible, as America’s police forces have been transformed into a militarized force primarily targeting minorities and people of a lower socioeconomic status.

According to Global Research News, police murder about 500 innocent people every year. Even more shocking is the fact that the number of people killed by police since 9/11 is equivalent to the number of soldiers killed in Iraq since the war began. It is no coincidence that this epidemic of police brutality is occurring. Since police forces have been increasingly supplied with militarized weapons for the past couple of decades and most officers already have an authoritarian attitude, it is no wonder that we have suffered the loss of lives comparable to those during wars. It is especially alarming and completely unjust that the victims of this brutality are minorities especially African Americans. A study on the significance of race and economic differences on the size of police force determined “that cities with a high degree of income inequality and a sizable minority population tend to have significantly larger police departments… [so they are] subject to the greatest police scrutiny” (Carmichael 278). Police Brutality is primarily affecting minorities and those that live in low income areas, which is a result of many deaths of those targeted, and makes living in our own neighborhoods comparable to war zones in other countries.

The Los Angeles Police Department is an example of a significant size police force in a city with a large minority and low-income population within its limits.

Although the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) has vowed to clean up their act, especially after the Rodney King riots and Christopher Dorner; the racism, paranoia, and egotism within the department has been on a steady clime as stated by thenation.com. Recent events have placed the LAPD in questioning. During Christopher

Dorner’s man hunt, the LAPD shot several times at a newspaper delivery truck belonging to two women that was mistaken for Christopher Dorner’s truck. The women were later compensated for the damages. Due to the their mistakes and quick use of fire arms, people are concerned about the dark side of the LAPD coming into light.

Recently, a white woman who also happens to be a mother and a nurse was pulled over for a routine traffic stop that escalated quickly with the woman being thrown twice to the ground. After the bloody and bruised woman was placed in the back of a police cruiser, the two police officers were witnessed, “fist bumping” Another incident of brutality involves a young black male student being stopped for skateboarding on the wrong side of the road. Witnessing the incident was a bystander who saw the police officers hand cuff the young man, pin him to the grown, and repeatedly delivered blows to the young black mans face. As the bystander watched, he feared for the young man’s life.

One of the most shocking arrests involving the LAPD was when Alecia Thomas died in the back of a police cruiser after being kicked in the groin by a cop. In this case, the LAPD has refused to release the surveillance video and minimal disciplinary action has been taken against the police officers involved with this misconduct.

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State & Police Brutality

Second to the LAPD police using excessive force, is their sexual misconduct. According to policemisconduct.net, in 2010, 618 officers were involved in a sexual misconduct complaint. 354 of those officers involved used forcible non-consensual sexual activity. The most recent episode of police sexual misconduct in LA was the case of Kim Nguyen. After Ms. Nguyen was handcuffed and place in the back of a police car, she was grabbed and fondled by the officer. With Ms. Nguyen fearing for her life, she tumbles out of the police car, hitting the payment and losing her teeth. Nguyen reports to CBS news that her trust for people has been completely compromised. She believes that she is unable to have a romantic relationship, get married, and have children like she dreamed she would.

In October 2010, a young man by the name Aibuidefe Oghogo was stopped by LAPD for public consumption of alcohol. What ensued was a brutal take over to arrest this 23 year old man, with multiple officers involved and constantly beating and throwing Mr. Oghogo against a fence. The act of force ended when the officer tased the young man, at which point they tested his blood alcohol level. The test revealed that Oghoho's level was 0.04% and well under California's state law of 0.08%. This incident is one of many in recent years to make headlines of abusive police force and with video capabilities on mobile phones there are more incidents being brought against the LAPD. As stated by Paulette Simpson of the Compton NAACP "There seems to be a disconnect between citizens and the LAPD". Simpson elaborate, "It has always been there, but in the age of telephone a lot of it is caught on taped and exposed. In the past it was hard to get a witness. Now people are taping it and putting it on Youtube." In October 2010, a young man by the name Aibuidefe Oghogo was stopped by LAPD for public consumption of alcohol. What ensued was a brutal take over to arrest this 23 year old man, with multiple officers involved and constantly beating and throwing Mr. Oghogo against a fence. The act of force ended when the officer tased the young man, at which point they tested his blood alcohol level. The test revealed that Oghoho's level was 0.04% and well under California's state law of 0.08%. This incident is one of many in recent years to make headlines of abusive police force and with video capabilities on mobile phones there are more incidents being brought against the LAPD. As stated by Paulette Simpson of the Compton NAACP "There seems to be a disconnect between citizens and the LAPD". Simpson elaborate, "It has always been there, but in the age of telephone a lot of it is caught on taped and exposed. In the past it was hard to get a witness. Now people are taping it and putting it on Youtube."

California Highway Patrol Officer Beats Black Woman Senseless on Side of Freeway https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NnpT6GLk6a0 Fervor: The Magazine | March 11, 2015

State & Police Brutality | 2

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State & Police Brutality

what you should know about:

THE LGBTI STRUGGLE Violence against transgender women of color Within the LGBT community, issues involving violence against the transgender community are enormous. According to Brenda Gazzar from Los Angeles Daily News, violence against transgender women of color has increased dramatically. Although hate crimes in Los Angeles County are at a 24-year low, attacks against transgender individuals have increased. The transgender community suffers from a number of problems including ignorance in society of the transgender population, legislation enacted without LGBT influence, and negative media portrayal, it’s only been recent that transgender rights and equality have started to be portrayed as a serious issue in the United States.

Violence has been one of the major problems throughout the transgender community that the public is not aware of.

higher rates, and were more likely to face the above abuses as part of IPV. Police Brutality against women of color: Women’s All Points Bulletin (WAPB) founded the research regarding police treatment of transgender women of color. Transgender women of color are four times more likely to experience police violence compared to all victims of police violence. 22% of all transgender women of color who had an interaction with police said they were harassed, physically assaulted, or sexually assaulted by an officer. 16% of transgender women of color, which correctional officers, while 15% physically assaulted the transgender women of color said they were sexually assaulted. The statistics referencing police treatment of transgender people of color are staggering and show there is a serious problem in our country that is not being addressed.

Types of Violence Trans Panic: Transgender women of color have lost their Transgender women of color go through different lives because of the trans panic defense. The trans panic types of violence that hurt them physically or emotionally, defense is a legal defense that most often fails, but is still and even in a worst scenario their lives get taken away. The called upon to defend against violence enacted upon transtype of violence that this community goes through is not gender individuals. It acts as a self-defense law that implies fair because they have a higher percentage to experience that the person that committed the crime against the transviolence because of who they are. Overall, the public is not gender person was temporarily insane so they may have a exposed to the issues that transgender women of color go lesser sentence, or no sentence at all. Usually it fails due to through because the media does not expose it as much. a lack of scientific evidence, but there is still the possibility Below explains the type of violence the transgender com- that it could be used. California was the first state to ban munity involving women of color has to go through: the use of trans panic defense.

Intimate Partner Violence: Throughout research in 2012, it has shown that people that identify themselves as transgender women of color and have been survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV), or have a higher percentage of violence with threats/intimidation, harassment, and police violence. Transgender survivors were two times more likely to face threats/intimidation, 1.8 times more likely to experience harassment, and over four times more likely to face police violence than people who did not identify as transgender. Moreover, transgender people of color and transgender women experienced this violence at even

Fervor: The Magazine | March 11, 2015

The LGBTI Struggle | 4

Recent Homicides

Groups Transgender activists who understood the need for policy change to advance transgender equality founded the National Center of Transgender Equality in 2003. At the moment they have a staff of ten and work at the local, state, and federal level to change laws, policies, and society.

Their mission is to empower transgender people through education and advocacy on national issues of importance to transgender people, and influence policymakers and be the clear voice for transgender equality in our nation’s capital and around the country. One issue that NCTE helps to advocate is anti-violence. The organization works with anti-violence groups, racial justice groups, women’s rights Taje DeJesus, 36 years old, was a recent victim of a hate groups, and federal and state law enforcement agencies to crime in San Francisco on February 1, 2015. DeJesus was combat anti-trans violence. Overall, their goal is to stop fatally stabbed multiple times in a stairway and found dead violence against in the transgender community especially at 9:00 a.m. for transgender women of color because their higher rates involving violence in the schools, streets, homes and with the law enforcement.

Zoraida Reyes, an inspiring transgender activist, was murdered and her body was found behind a parking lot of a Dairy Queen in Orange County on June 12. Reyes was a member of several transgender and immigrant rights advocacy groups in Orange County. Even though her body was found, the Anaheim police investigation has not uncovered evidence that Reyes was specifically targeted, or that the homicide was a hate crime.

INCITE is a national, activist organization of radical feminists of color. The organization mobilizes to end all forms of violence against women, gender non-conforming, and trans people of color in the communities. Incite was started because women were tired of organizations not having a focus or address the violence that women of color go through. The organization was founded in 2002 in University of California, Santa Cruz and has expanded to chapters across the United States and affiliates. Incite has done political projects, conference, events, writings, art and media that talk about violence, so it can be aware to the public.

How they advocate the problem about violence: 2005 INCITE! launched a national project on law enforcement violence against women of color and transgender people of color by collaborating with other organizations. A toolkit that was made to offer organizational tools and strategies for activists and organizers to help spread the word on stopping the violence in the law enforcement.

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The LGBTI Struggle

Transgender Law Center (Oakland, California) Mission: Transgender Law Center works to change law, policy, and attitudes so that all people can live safely, authentically, and free from discrimination regardless of their gender identity or expression.

Transgender Law Center works to fight the judicial system that the transgender community goes through when going into prison. The transgender law center works to fight for the rights of the transgender community and create equality. The center also seeks to improve the quality of life of those who are inside the prisons.

On 2013, the National Coalition of Anti- Violence programs reported on the Hate Violence Report that transgender people are more likely to experience harassment, threats, sexual violence, intimidation, and discrimination than on people who are not transgender. The report found that transgender women and transgender people of color are much more defenseless to violence, especially at the hands of law enforcement. In 2013, more than half of all LGBT homicide victims were transgender women of color.

The National Trans Anti-Violence Convening will bring together transgender and gender nonconforming organizers and leaders that have been mobilizing and addressing the issue of anti-trans violence in their communities. Their hope is to uplift the voices of those most impacted in our communities and who inordinate face this violence in particular, transgender women of color.

On April 12, 2012 Transgender Law Center applauded the L.A. Police Department for releasing new policies signed

by Chief Beck to address police interactions with transgender individuals.

These new policies were: 1. A search or frisk shall not be performed for the sole purpose of determining an individual’s anatomical gender.

2. Treat transgender persons in a manner that reveals respect for the individual’s gender identity and gender expression, which includes addressing them by their preferred name and using gender pronouns appropriate to

Fervor: The Magazine | March 11, 2015

the individual’s gender self-identity and expression.

3. Requests to remove appearance-related items, such as prosthetics, clothing that conveys gender identity, wigs, and cosmetics, shall be consistent with requirements for the removal of similar items for non-transgender individuals.

The biggest project they are working in 2015 is Transgender Law Center’s Detention Project: The project’s main goal is to focus and expand their work to end the abuses trans and gender nonconforming people experience in prisons, jails, immigration detention, state hospitals, and other forms of detention, as well as at the hands of law enforcement. The transgender community is disproportionately targeted by police and are often simply for “walking while trans”. The transgender community face horrific rates of violence and discriminatory treatment while incarcerated. The Detention Project will focus on impact litigation, policy advocacy, and providing information and resources to support folks inside, to truly change the conditions of incarceration and policing our communities live under.

Statistics: An annual report by the National Coalition of Anti-Violence Programs was done on hate violence motivated by sexual orientation, gender identity and expression and HIV status this year. The report documents 27 anti-LGBT murders in 2010, which is the second highest annual total recorded since 1996. 70% percent of these 27 victims were people of color; 44% of them were transgender women. The report found that transgender people and people of color are each twice as likely to experience violence or discrimination as non-transgender white people.

FMJC ‘14 - We Matter: Stories of Queer & Trans Youth of Color Experiencing Violence https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=umZnxa4RJjg

The LGBTI Struggle | 6

what you should know about:

#BLACKLIVESMATTER Not a moment, but a movement.

#BlackLivesMatter was created by three sisters named Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi after George Zimmerman was acquitted for the murder of Trayvon Martin in 2013. It gained momentum after the shooting of Michael Brown and others in 2014. In Alicia’s own words, she states that, “Black Lives Matter is an ideological and political intervention in a world where black lives are systematically and intentionally targeted for demise. It is an affirmation of Black folks’ contributions to this society, our humanity, and our resilience in the face of deadly oppression.” Since its start, there have been more than 600 Black Lives Matter demonstrations held worldwide.

Worldwide Effect: Black Lives Matter has inspired more than just a trending hashtag. With millions of innocent lives being taken away due to injustice, its influence has spread across the world to such places as Palestine. With the trend of #FergusonToPalestine, activists have united to fight for racial freedom, demanding the end of ethnic struggles. Some of the representatives from Black Lives Matter returned from a historic trip to Palestine in January, where they joined with local activists to protest. Ahmad Abuznaid, Dream Defenders’ legal and policy director and a co-organizer of the delegation, said that the goal of the trip was to make connections. This trip gave them the chance to bring the power of Black organizing to Palestine. Black Lives Matter co-founder Patrisse Cullors said apartheid is what immediately struck her about what she saw on the ground. “This is an apartheid state. We can't deny that, and if we do deny it we are apart of the Zionist violence. There are two different systems here in occupied Palestine. Folks are unable to go to parts of their own country.” Community organizer Cherrell Brown said she saw many parallels between state violence against Palestinians and Black Americans. “So many parallels exist between how the U.S. polices, incarcerates, and perpetuates violence on the black community and how the Zionists in Israel perpetuates the same violence on the Palestinians.” This trip is the start of a worldwide effect uniting us as one and organizing to demand change. The delegates from Black Lives Matter express their needs and actions in support of Palestine. Patricia Cullers goes on to say, “I believe that the Black Lives Matter movement can benefit everyone greatly by learning about struggles outside of the U.S., but particularly the Palestinian struggle. I want this trip to be an example of how Black folks and Arab communities can be in better solidarity with one another.” This is just the start. Black Lives Matter continues to inspire activists worldwide to take action. Supporters from countries such as Egypt, England and America, are still protesting and marching today in light of what has happened in Ferguson. Black Lives Matter has truly taken themselves from a moment to a movement worldwide.

“It is our duty to fight for freedom. It is our duty to win.

We must love and protect one another. We have nothing to lose but our chains.”

-Ashe

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#BlackLivesMatter

About Melina Abdullah

Melina Abdullah received her B.A. in 1994 from Howard University in African-American Studies. She later earned her M.A. in 1996 and her Ph.D. in 2003 both from University of Southern California in Political Science. She began teaching at California State University, Los Angeles in fall of 2002. Melina is also an author. She writes about various issues, ranging from political coalition building to women mothering. Abdulla became the chair of Pan-African Studies and is the current council for Affirmative Action Chair for the California Faculty Association. In 2013, she, along with many other activists joined together to stop state-sponsored and police violence towards all people. They called the movement #BlackLivesMatter. In 2014, she was selected to be part of the Los Angeles County Human Relations Commission. During January 28, 2014, many people including the faculty Academic Senate gathered for the debate to see if Ethic Studies should become part of the General Education program. Melina Abdullah stood up and stated a proposal to continue the education of Ethic Studies. She became a member of the California State University Chancellor’s Taskforce for the Advancement of Ethic Studies. Abdulla now serves on leadership boards for the Los Angeles African American Women’s Public Policy Institute (LAAAWPPI), Black Community Clergy and Labor Alliance (BCCLA), Strategic Concepts in Organizing and Policy Education (SCOPE) and The Reverence Wellness Salon.

Black Lives Matters (Los Angeles Chapter) Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDkoG4EFxsc Fervor: The Magazine | March 11, 2015

#BlackLivesMatter | 8

what you should know about:

VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN The documentary, “It Happened Here,” follows the lives of five young women who were victims of sexual assault on campus and are now taking a stand. Director Lisa F. Jackson brings attention to the taboo tales of sexual assault amongst America’s highest institutions. Through intimate testimonials, Angie Epifano, Kylie Angell, Sarah O’Brien, Carolyn Luby, and Erica Daniels shed light on the painful betrayal perpetrated by their universities who denied the legitimacy of their cases. Powerfully standing as survivors, a nation wide effort is now being made to seek justice and demand institutional change. Teaming with the White House’s “It’s On Us” campaign, Jackson’s riveting work is set to spark and empower those who’s voices have been lost in the cells of injustice in institutions where money, prestige, and male gender reigns.

From Amherst College, UConn, and Vanderbilt University, the subjects of “It Happened Here” take control over the apathy they received when attempting to seek conviction over their predators. Kylie Angell who is an UConn nursing student, was mocked by campus police, being told, “If women would stop spreading their legs like peanut butter rape wouldn’t keep happening.” The devaluation of the severity of these crimes is repeated time and time again. It is appalling when Angie Epifano is forced to withdraw from both her life and education for fear of ridicule and further assault from her attacker, while he continued onward to graduate, with honors. The film pushes to highlight the gilded image of zero-tolerance on campuses across the country, where faculty members blatantly admit that their female student body could easily prevent assault from occurring by steering clear of parties and high-risk situations. These testimonials are only a small glimpse of the growing issue that plagues the nation as young women seek to surpass the patriarchal structure of education.

There is much activism going on in regards to the documentary, “It Happened Here” and the website, www.ItHappenedHere.org. It is looking to be a large part of the current movement against rape and violence against

women that occurs on college campuses. Campus rape and violence have been occurring for decades on campuses around the country, now a light is finally being shined on the issue. At this past Sundance film festival a documentary was premiered called, “The Hunting Ground” which is also showcasing the story of women who have been raped on their college campuses and the reactions of their colleges, as well as the actions that these students took in fighting for justice. It is definitely encouraging to see these issues being brought to the forefront of the media; it is an enormous problem that needs to come to a stop.

The documentary, “It Happened Here,” is going to be available for screenings around the country at any university or college that requests it to be shown, starting in February of this year. The website makes the request process very simple as well as offering a second option of having a speaker who is very familiar with the film and/or having one of the directors or producers accompany the showing of the documentary to speak to the students. This documentary has the potential of making a huge impact on students and campus politics as well as empowering victims who have not spoken out. It will educate both male and female students about rape and what constitutes rape.

Currently many universities and colleges are discussing the idea of having the topic of rape and violence to be a part of the mandatory student orientation before starting school; this documentary would be a great way to deliver such information to students.

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Violence Against Women

“It Happened Here” Documentary Trailer https://vimeo.com/116121230 #YouOKSis? Dealing with Cat-Callers https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5DA2MjNb-E Fervor: The Magazine | March 11, 2015

Violence Against Women | 10

what you should know about:

INCOME

INEQUALITY

Though their presence in the police force dates back to the beginning of the 20th Century, it has only been noticeable in the past 40 years. In the 1970s, women accounted for roughly 2% of sworn officers, with most of the women holding clerical positions.

Women in law enforcement are often inexplicitly resented by their male counterparts and many face harassment In 1845, the first women to be hired by the New York City Police Department were called "matrons."

In 1985, Penny Harrington of the Portland Oregon Police Department became the first female Chief of Police In 2004, women accounted for only 12.7 percent of all sworn law enforcement positions in large agencies and the numbers are declining.

Education is supposed to be the path for a better wage but analyzing data from the National Educational Longitudinal Survey, the author found that college-educated men in their mid-20s already earn, on average, about $7,000 more per year than do college-educated women Gender differences in work-related factors are more important than are educational differences for understanding contemporary income inequality among young workers. Many consider education to be key to reducing group inequalities. Gender differences on four of these measures, in particular, are implicated in the gender income gap: (1) choice of a college major, (2) skills as measured by standardized tests, (3) amount of education, and (4) selectivity of the college attended.

In their mid-20s, college-educated women make about $4,400 less per year than do men even when they have the same level of education, college major, cognitive skills, and selectivity of the college from which they graduated.

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Income Inequality

Patricia Arquette’s Acceptance Speechon Behalf of Gender and Income Equality at the 2015 Academy Awards https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZeV9Sm3ywM Fervor: The Magazine | March 11, 2015

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what you should know about:

U.S. POLITICAL PRISONS What is a Political Prisoner?

True Facts of How Well Known Activist Were Wrongly According to the Webster Dictionary, a political prisoner is Imprisoned a person in custody or imprisoned for a political offense.

The facts listed below highlight some of the well-known political prisoners. Some have been incarcerated for over Who are the Political Prisoners Today?

20 years plus: In the United States of America, there are dozens of political activists incarcerated, today; due to exercising their 1st Mumia Abu-Jamal was a member of the Black Panther Amendment, and by standing up for equality and a better Party and a supporter of the MOVE organization. He is a tomorrow for minorities. well-known black writer and also a radio journalist. Mumia Many of these activists (political prisoners) have been has spent the past 30 years in prison with the majority of incarcerated for over 40 years and are not receiving the the time spent in solitary confinement on Death Row in rights they are entitled to in the United States.

Philadelphia. In 1982, he was tried and convicted for the The majority of political prisoners are associated with an murder of police officer Daniel Faulkner in 1981. He was organization that advocates or opposes a cause or issue. then sentenced to death. Mumia remains in prison under a life sentence without parole.

When Some of the Organizations Started and What Phil Africa became a member of MOVE 9 in the early They Stand For 1970s. He noticed the members of the organization were Move 9: A Philadelphia based radical movement founded confident, had strength, and security. Africa was drawn to

by John Africa in 1972. Move 9 was dedicated to Black their presence and the truth they spoke. Many in the Liberation and Back-to-Natural Lifestyle. All the members MOVE 9 had known Phil Africa as a father figure. He has took to the surname “Africa.” been wrongly imprisoned since August 8, 1978 on account of killing a police officer. He was sentenced to 30 years The Chicano Movement: Also known as “The Chicano plus in prison. On January 10, 2015 he passed away under Civil Rights Movement”, was establish in the 1960’s. The suspicious circumstances. No one will forget his powerful organizations stood for restoration of land grants, farm writing or beautiful paintings he created. workers’ rights, enhanced education, voting, and political Sekou Kambui is on African descent and was born on rights.

September 6, 1948 is Gadsden, AL. throughout the 60’s he participate in the Civil Rights movement. He organized Black Panther Party: Founded by Huey Newton and Bobby youth for participating in marches across Alabama, took Seale in Oakland, California on October 15, 1966. Also part in the meeting for the Southern Christian Leadership know as “The Black Panther Party for Self-Defense”. The Council, Congress of Racial Equality and the Student NonBPP was established to patrol Black communities and to Violent Coordinating Committee. Sekou join the Black monitor police activity, to protect residences from police Panther Party in 1967 in New York and Chicago. Sekou brutality. The Panthers were a huge supporter of the Black was wrongly arrested and charged with the murder of two Power Movement, which stressed racial dignity and self-re- white men. The trial was racially charged with a black civil liance. rights leader accused of killing white men. There has not been any direct evidence that connects Sekou to the murders till this day. It has been twenty years now Sekou has been held captive in Alabama.

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U.S. Political Prisons

(Video about Phil Africa: Well Known Political Activist) “On Saturday, January 10, 2015 Phil Africa, revolutionary, John Africa`s First Minister of Defense, and beloved brother, husband, and father, passed away…” http://youtu.be/KKVJW91CWaw

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