Eden Local Issue 178 by Lee Quinn

ISSN 2516-1431

Your Independent Community Magazine Penrith and areas of the Eden Valley

Eden 107

H & H Land & Estates on the move Just another January? Local Hero Tackling Grime Your Business in a Box Branching out with Pam The Penrith Town Council Year Eden FM programme Guide

Eden107.5

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Welcome to your first Eden Local of 2022 I’ll make a start now on this journey into 2022 in hoping you all had a good Christmas and wishing you a happy New Year, even though some of you will be receiving this publication in the first half of February. In coordinating the Eden Local, I always plan the programme at least 12 to 18 months ahead. This includes starting each edition from scratch, planning the content and sourcing the funds to ensure that the funds are there to design, print and post it through doors.

A Snapshot of what we have In this edition we thank over 30 local organisations from all parts and sectors of our community - Private, Public and Voluntary. Importantly, thanks to our voluntary writers. We hope we strike a balance. Belated birthday wishes to Raffs on his 10th Birthday, who introduces your wildlife article every month, taking extra homework on with his insight into origins of species. On that note, on the front cover, a bit of a giveaway – it’s Newts this month! Thank you to Suzie Collinson (Chairperson CARG and ARG UK Trustee). Following our intro, is it just another January? Meanwhile, I had a close encounter with the ‘Ovenman’, disappointed that he didn’t have a cloak! Maybe a work in progress? A true local hero in tackling grime. Every time you say ‘Ovenman’, I feel a song coming on, five decades ago this Spring! In our Eden FM radio update, we have some home truths about its challenges and what it is aiming to achieve in 2022 and in the longer term. We also have the new radio programme guide for you. Meanwhile, Pam has switched from flowers to trees, and we have two featured this month. Of a certain age you’ll have to turn the page, or swiping left will be fine if you’re online.

This month I have introduced the business box advert - some samples are placed around this article, and this is how they will appear in the magazine. Back in 2012, we had the CA business directory, which placed at the back of the magazine, was about two to three pages. Google and other internet searches certainly reduced the size of the yellow pages, and there are some magazines going through doors that are just business directories - just pure 100% pages of advertising in various sizes. With your Eden Local, we aim to have a balance of text, editorial and advertorial. To read about what a business is doing, what its aims are or what it has been doing and the history of how it’s achieved this, is probably the best way to advertise it. That is why we do guide our advertisers in also presenting what they do to you, as well as just advertising. Our Business Box can, from £20 per month point customers to your business or organisation. Simply who you are, what you do and how you want to be contacted or visited.

BUSINESS BOX

As a small magazine that has the largest circulation in print media in Eden, it £20 per month more continues to grow every ACTUAL SIZE! month. It’s a statement that I can support with six Details page 8 words - ‘We rely on doors, not sales’. We set out in 2010 with 6,000 doors, knowing that Penrith and Eden was going to experience growth in housing development. What we couldn’t do with a magazine we could reach with a radio station. During 2021, by adding some additional routes to our delivery teams, due to good weather and British Summertime, we reached almost 16,000 doors. This time next year, how many new properties or converted properties will there be in Eden? There wasn’t a single month in 5

2021 when I didn’t have one or more requests from a delivery team for more magazines to post. As a business involved in print, we are very fortunate to have enough support that is continuously, month to month, year to year in both advertisers and voluntary writers.

month according to reports, putting pressure on print media. At our time of printing this issue we have had some delays. I could say it is COVID related and that would be just one of a number of reasons. Change is something we are forced to live with every day. Some can, others cannot, but on many occasions, we have to deal with it.

My work on the magazine has been voluntary in what I do and the 3000 magazines my wife and I post every month. We always get a buzz when people show their gratitude for receiving their Eden LocaI. Some come to their door, some wave from their windows, some open their windows. On a sunny day our rounds might just take a little longer, but the feedback is much appreciated, and I know the teams also have the same support across the community. Thank you for your continued support and encouragement.

In January 2020, many of us heard about COVID. In January 2021 there was no Eden Local as we were in lockdown, and we started the year with a Feb/March issue. January has always been the hardest magazine to put together following Christmas. Despite the year and unpredictability of what can possibly happen next, as a magazine the Eden Local is a month ahead of where it was last year. We are hoping for a ‘Lockdown free’ year!

Many of our customers still confirm they have spikes in enquiries for their business when the magazine goes out and some can identify the order of the distribution by this too. As discussed, when dealing with new enquiries, this already mentioned above, our voluntary writing team helps to sustain the content, but also helps to keep our advertising cost low. In November, print, due to paper costs increased between 2030 %, and these costs are due to rise again this

Whilst we cannot predict where we will be in January 2023, for 2022 we have 10 Eden Locals planned that will be coming to you. Your next Eden Local will be with in March. Take care out there - we’ll be back! Lee

CARBON CONSEQUENTIAL

01768 862394

Phone: Email: lee@cumbrianlocal.co.uk www.cumbrianlocal.co.uk

As the wind blows cold then the man grows old Outside and in his season is Winter No longer is coal or heating oil sold For the wood stove no more logs to splinter No winds are howling to spin the turbines Leave the cans out back to cool the beer Solar panels shiver in silent lines Options are gone now all is nuclear We’ve been abandoned to raise our own heat Governments obsessed by plutonium We’ll stamp our overgrown gamma rayed feet Blowing hot air through a euphonium Milady de Winter warmed D’Artagnan Perfect 32F companion Rex di Noci December 2nd 2021

Cumbrian Local Publications Ltd, Suite 6, Cumbria House, Gilwilly Road, Penrith CA11 9FF Follow us on Twitter for regular

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Eden FM Notice: Eden Local prints various articles, features, and advertisements. Although these appear in Eden FM, any opinions expressed are the opinion of the author, these are not necessarily the opinion of the publisher. ©Copyright Eden Local 2022. The contents of this publication are written specifically for our readers, no part may be reproduced elsewhere without express and prior permission.

en op ow N

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Just another January? By Lee Quinn

Eden107.5

In December 2019, the first known case of COVID-19 was identified in Join Eden FM Radio Wuhan, China. Something so far away wasn’t really noted and many Call 01768 899107 people over that Christmas period and in the January were unwell with www.edenfm.co.uk symptoms similar to that of COVID. On January 31st, 2020, the first two cases of the coronavirus (COVID-19) in the United Kingdom (UK) were confirmed in Newcastle upon Tyne. The official names COVID‑19 and SARS-CoV-2 were issued by the WHO on 11th February 2020. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus of the WHO (World Help deliver Eden Local Health Organisation) explained that CO stands for corona, VI for virus, D Call 01768 862394 was for disease and 19 stood for 2019, the year in which the outbreak was info@cumbrianlocal.co.uk first identified. Almost a month later, The Prime Minster addressed the Nation on Friday 12th March 2020 and made the following announcement: I’ve just chaired a meeting of the government’s emergency committee including ministers from Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. And it’s clear that coronavirus, COVID-19, continues and will continue to spread across the world and our country over the next few months. We’ve CARAVANS, done what can be done to contain this disease and this has bought us MOTORHOMES AND valuable time. But it is now a global pandemic. CAMPERVANS And the number of cases will rise sharply and indeed the true number of ANY AGE OR CONDITION cases is higher - perhaps much higher - than the number of cases we have so far confirmed with tests. TOP PRICES PAID I’ve got to be clear, we’ve all got to be clear, that this is the worst public TEL. 01768 838019 health crisis for a generation. Some people compare it to seasonal flu. Alas, that is not right. Owing to the lack of immunity, this disease is more dangerous. And it’s going to spread further and I must level with you, level with the British public, many more families are going to lose loved ones before their time. Web & Graphic Design That Friday night I recorded in my diary that the police were in Penrith Call Chris for a quote town making sure pubs and restaurants were closing and almost evacuating the town centre, so the town was empty on that Friday night 07951 217351 www.diwp.co.uk by midnight. We all know how in 2020, the second national lockdown came on Friday Be seen and heard in the 5th November; then came the third national lockdown on 3rd January 2021 community you serve for th th COVID. Cases reached 59,931 on 9 January 2021. On 9 January 2022 £40 per month COVID cases reached 141,474.

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IN THE BOX AND OUT OF THE BOX

Is it Just another January for you?

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Be out of the box and be on air every day with Eden FM. Take the details from your box and use them as a radio advert played a minimum of 4-6 times a day, every day for another £20 per month. Call 01768 862394 so you can be seen and heard in the community you serve to the largest audience in the Eden Valley

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• Will it ever look as good as the day you bought it? • Are your oven gloves covered in grease? • Is your extractor so clogged up, it can’t do the job? Perhaps you need the Ovenman and his van? With over 10 years’ experience, it’s still as simple as calling James.

There are a lot of materials out there to clean with, if you’re willing to have a go, but whilst you brush out the wood burner, and once in a while you dare to move the sofa and hoover behind it, how often do you give your oven a good clean top to bottom?

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Time to get your ‘employment house’ in order in 2022? Happy New Year to you all! Well, it’s that time of year when I remind you to get your ‘employment house’ in order! Over the last 20 months, we’ve seen and experienced significant changes to the world of work, and for most of us it has been extraordinarily challenging. Some organisations have coped well and have even been able to explore and create new opportunities, however, many have been trying to keep going in the face of adversity and sadly many haven’t made it through. Into 2022, with new and existing challenges ahead, it’s a good time to ensure you have at least the basics in place in relation to employment documents and essential information for you and your staff. It’s so important to clearly set out expectations for you and your staff, in writing, as it can protect you both and help to avoid misunderstandings. Reflecting on the world of work over the last 20 months, and in particular the increase in remote and agile working, there are many positives. Many organisations have thought about what has worked well and what hasn’t and have started to implement different longer term working arrangements. If this is the case for you, you’ll need to ensure your employment documents have been updated to reflect current and new working arrangements. Even if working arrangements haven’t changed, you still need to ensure you have the basics in place and that they are up to date!

So, what do you need to think about? • In terms of the basics, ensure all staff have particulars of employment (often referred to as a contract) setting out their contractual terms, and ensure staff have access to any written Company policies, procedures, rules and regulations 12

• Ensure your existing documents accurately reflect current and new working arrangements and requirements • Whether you need to amend, delete or introduce new documents to reflect new arrangements • If you have staff working remotely, either temporarily, permanently or on an ad hoc basis, do you have sufficient guidance and information for them on working from home, including things like how they will be managed/supervised, health and wellbeing, IT, data protection, risk assessments? • Whether staff need any other support to help them cope with the changes and challenges presented by the ongoing situation – good line management is so important • How and when you communicate with staff, whether they work on site or remotely, to ensure they all feel engaged and supported and are receiving timely information • Perhaps trying to introduce some fun and light-hearted communication where it’s appropriate

How can I help? I continually help clients get their ‘employment’ house in order! This involves either reviewing and updating essential, basic employment documents or creating new ones for them to use. It’s not only important from an employment law perspective, but you need to ensure your employment documents reflect your business. Investing a bit of time and energy now in getting your house in order could save you unforeseen costs and help you to avoid all sorts of needless problems in the future. If you would like some help with reviewing and updating existing documents, creating new documents, or with any other employment matter, please email

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Eden107.5

One of a kind for the future by Lee Quinn

How many people are reading this and think that Eden FM is a rich business? Well, think again…. Since launching and being the first ever fully licenced community radio station in Cumbria, it was immediately compared to what people were used to. Those listening to Radio Cumbria for all or most of their lives and other BBC national stations, were hit a little when CFM, back then an independent commercial station, was switched on in 1993. And since that time, that’s what listening figures have been all about. Why did we need a community radio and was Eden FM challenging an institution? As a community group, covered by strict governance, rules, and licencing, it has to be on air 24 hours a day, 365 days of the year. It aims ‘every day’ to have 8 to 10 hours with local presenters to be on air. These presenters do this for free, and to present a two hour show usually requires two hours’ preparation. Of course, it’s a reactive programme, covering news as it arrives, traffic and travel, and phone calls coming in. This is all carried out live in the studio by one person as a volunteer. As a requirement of its licence, it has to be a ‘Not for Profit’ limited Company and it cannot be a charity. It is allowed to generate £12,000 of on-air advertising per year and should it go past this figure of ‘on air revenue’, it has to match it £1 for £1 with ‘off air revenue’. As a group, since the beginning, one thing it has learnt is how to adapt. Eden FM’s first task at the start was to raise the funds and the team was tasked with selling an idea of a radio station which then you couldn’t hear! It had to follow an application process that took three years until it switched on 107.5 FM. To have a transmitter on the Penrith Beacon, the cost quoted was £7,000 for drawing and £20,000 per year to broadcast from the transmitter. With a five-year licence, could it really generate £107,000 just to transmit? Along with its nine licence costs, limited company costs, equipment and facility costs! By the end of 2014 it had a scaffold pole on a portacabin, until it had to be moved from that site and a shorter pole was erected and transmission equipment installed; after sign off from Ofcom and the Air Aviation Authority, the pole went on top of my house in Wetheriggs and the transmitter went into my garage for five years until an affordable site came along, which it did, and it was finally relocated above the Eden FM studios in November 2020. The BBC as it was when Eden FM launched and is today, is funded by revenue from TV licensing. Border Television launched CFM at 8am on 14 April 1993. Ascential plc, 14

Eden FM Studio One - Cumbria House formerly EMAP bought it in 2005. By 2009 the EMAP radio, television and consumer media businesses (EMAP Radio) sold it to German company Bauer for £1.14bn, who still own it today. In 2022, Eden FM as a community radio starts the preparation for its third 5-year licence. It hopes to finally have a transmission site for its additional frequency of 105.6 FM that will serve upper Eden. After its 60-hour non-stop radio marathon which is the UK record, it has five World Record attempts planned for 2022. Can it achieve a world record? It can only do this with the community behind it. It needs people to come forward of all abilities and ages to help with these tasks as well as taking part if they want to. As it starts the long journey of replacing and updating its second hand studio equipment now over ten years old, it is one of a kind and its people behind the microphone, they are also ‘One of Kind’. Continued from page 21

THE 126th SKELTON SHOW

Sat 2 July 2022

‘A great day out for all the family’ Hutton-in-the-Forest

SKELTON SHOW NEEDS HELP TO RETURN After a gap of two years due to the pandemic, Skelton Show is determined to return and host its 126th show on Saturday 2nd July 2022 in the picturesque setting of Hutton-in-the-Forest. However, to successfully run a show of this size in a Covid safe and secure manner, will require a lot of additional stewards and marshals. In order to keep the admission costs the same as previous years, the society are seeking additional volunteers to help on the day. New jobs include: • Ensuring the free flow of people particularly in tents through managing one-way systems • Ensuring sanitising stations are properly maintained and topped up • Helping gate and security stewards get people in and out of the event safely • Assisting people giving directions around the show field

• Helping with any other required controls at the time of the events Obviously, the Show Society will work closely with the Public Authorities to ensure that a safe event can be held in accordance with whatever guidelines are in force next July. Calling all volunteers!! As an incentive, the society are offering an additional free ticket to all new volunteers who can give 4 hours or more on the day of the show with rotas drawn up to ensure volunteers have enough time to still enjoy the show. Anyone willing to help should contact John Slee on M: 07971 446286 | email john.slee@ skeltonshow.com so a list of potential helpers can be compiled over the next few months and we have confidence to say that the ‘show will go on!’ For more information about the show or to contact a committee member, visit the website www.skeltonshow.com 15

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smart thermal insulation technology. Each slat that makes up your Garage Door is twin walled and filled with a specialist material that minimises heat loss. Meaning less draughts in your home and fewer flicks on the energy switch. Your local installer will be there every step of the way, from the survey to your installation you will only ever have to deal with one person. They will be on hand to talk you through the process and answer any questions you might have. Garolla also have a team of dedicated customer care professionals who work tirelessly to make sure every query is met, so you can be sure you’re making the best choice for you and your family. On the day of your installation, your local installer will remove your old Garage Door and replace it with your custom made Garolla Garage Door, all within a matter of hours. There’s no need to worry about the disposal of your old door either, as your Garolla installer will recycle this for you completely free of charge. After the installation is complete your new Garage Door will be ready to use straight away, simply press the button and enjoy.

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IF YOU GO DOWN TO THE WOODS…

January – Monkey Puzzle

Welcome to a new year and a new series this time all about trees. We see them on a daily basis but how much do you know about them? Hopefully I’ll provide you with some interesting facts and you will look at them with some fresh knowledge! The Monkey Puzzle tree is found in parks and gardens around the country. It was introduced to the UK in 1795 from its native South America, where it is found from the coasts of Chile to the Andean mountains in Argentina, it later became popularised by Victorian & Edwardian horticulturists.

so trees were heavily logged until 1976 when they were recognised as ‘natural monuments’. Though felling is strictly prohibited and there are national nature reserves they are still under threat of becoming increasingly rare in their natural habitat.

As a species, Araucaria araucana, has been around for over 200 million years so was growing when dinosaurs wandered the evolving earth. The Monkey Puzzle or Chilean Pine grows on the slopes of active volcanoes and as its bark is fire resistant it can survive lava flows! It can live for up to 1,000 years and its seeds (pinones) take two years to grow to maturity. It can reach 30/50m (98/164ft) and has a very straight, cylindrical trunk which made it perfect to make railway sleepers used in the steel, coal and other industries in Chile. It was also used for ladders, skis, pianos, rulers and even in aeroplanes. The wood is knot-free making it a very desirable commodity

It is an evergreen tree with spiked roundedtriangular shaped leaves which are arranged in spirals around the trunk and branches. Each tree has either male or female flowers, they are wind pollinated and in the UK the seeds are dispersed by jays or squirrels. In South America it is home to the slender-billed parakeet, over 70 species of insect found nowhere else on earth but not a single monkey! So why is it called the Monkey Puzzle Tree? It is thought that when a 19th century visitor to the Pencarrow Estate in Cornwall touched the spiked leaves and looked at the way they were arranged they observed that ‘climbing it would be a puzzler for a monkey’ – and the name stuck! It is thought that if you are chatting as you pass by a Monkey Puzzle tree it will bring bad luck or you could even grow a monkey tail. There is also a belief that the Devil lives in the tree…but I do wonder how he got up there! References. www.woodlandtrust.org.uk www.edenproject.com www.clarenbridgegardencentre.ie www.kew.org 18

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HAPPY NEW YEAR Penrith Town Council are starting to plan for 2022 and beyond. It is important to Penrith Town Council that we hear your views on the future of our services and strategies. In a few weeks’ time, we will publish our refreshed draft Business Plan and we wanted to give you some context before we consult with you. In 2019, the Council agreed an in-depth business plan. The plan contained 92 activities which have been reviewed to ensure Council operations remain relevant and responsive to important local matters. Consequently, the 2019-2023 Council Business has been refreshed to address significant key issues for 2022 and onwards: implement the Local Government Review in Cumbria, support Penrith’s recovery from the effects of Covid-19, enhancing the vitality of the Town and to help tackle climate change.

LOCAL GOVERNEMENT CHANGE The most significant issue for 2022-2023 is that of the local changes to the government structures in Cumbria. The new changes to local government in Cumbria are dynamic. From 1 April 2023, the current six district councils and Cumbria County Council will be replaced by two new unitary authorities. The two new unitary councils will provide all the services currently provided by district councils and the county council. This will have a direct impact on the governance, resources, growth, and operations of the Town Council.

towns recovery from the Covid 19 Pandemic whilst raising the towns profile locally and nationally as a destination for arts, culture, heritage, recreation, business and tourism. Penrith Town Council has been working closely with partner authorities and stakeholders to agree town priorities, source funding and deliver projects that will deliver town centre enhancements:

Our new unitary council will provide services to those in the current areas of Barrow, Eden and South Lakeland, the council’s name will be “Westmorland and Furness Council”. Over the last six years, Penrith Town Council has been consistently ambitious to accept devolution and now there is a real possibility that some more of the services and assets will come to the Town Council.

TOWN VITALITY The Town Council want to ensure the town is vibrant and offers the right mix of facilities, services, businesses, and events that supports the 20

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The Parking and Movement Study is a joint initiative with Cumbria County Council and Eden District Council, a community project which has reviewed parking, traffic management, pedestrian flow and signage.

•

The Borderlands Project is another joint authority and stakeholder project, developing a “Place Plan” for Penrith, that will help Penrith’s ability to attract funding to develop projects to attract investors, visitors and those who may wish to relocate.

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Led by Cumbria County Council, the development of a Local Cycling and Walking Infrastructure Plan is an on-going process to define and prioritise walking and cycling infrastructure needs. It involves engagement with community and delivery partners to identify potential walking and cycling networks, and opportunities to deliver these. Delivery of community projects that support arts, culture, heritage, tourism, and recreation to support the Towns vitality, which are essential to economic growth and enjoying a good quality of life and well-being delivered by partnership working with stakeholders via a Town Council delivery framework.

CLIMATE CHANGE

Continued from page 13 As a community radio it continues to be seen and heard in the community it serves, and anyone, any business, charity, club, society or voluntary group helping Eden FM also gets to enjoy better engagement with the Community it serves. Can we really be compared to any other radio station?

01768 899107 • www.edenfm.co.uk Here is one you’ll read about and hear about on the radio every day through February 2022… If we can get just one of our readers to not give money but give time, then we can help someone out there in the community that really needs it. Are you going to call the number below and be One of Kind?

The Council’s Climate Change Strategy outlines how the Council will reduce carbon emissions from its own activities, how the Council can work with communities to raise awareness and promote low carbon initiatives and protect and enhance our biodiversity and wildlife. The climate and ecological crisis remains a significant, long-term challenge. Penrith Town Council has committed to playing its part to tackle this global challenge.

At Carer Support Eden we are looking to recruit new Volunteers to help us deliver ‘Companionship Sits’ for the unpaid/family carers that we support in Eden. Volunteering with us can involve as little as a couple of hours a month, and your time can make a huge difference to our Carers!

These three overarching themes are the Council’s strategic focus for 2022.

Please see our website www.edencarers.co.uk or give our office a call 01768 890280 for more details.

At the heart of all these projects is the Town Council’s desire to improve Penrith Town for residents and we have projects launching this year to support this aspiration: site improvements to Thacka Beck recreation field, traffic calming projects, developing town centre projects and events including the Queens Jubilee Celebration. We hope this approach has meaning for you. We will continue to listen, and we will strive to make a difference in Penrith. We hope you will participate in the consultation when it goes live soon.

electrical services

office@penrithtowncouncil.co.uk

01768 899 773

jonathan evans

Write: Penrith Town Council Unit 1, Church House, 19-24 Friargate, Penrith, Cumbria, CA11 7XR

07970 976318 01768 840404

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IF YOU GO DOWN TO THE WOODS…

February – Yew

The Yew tree (Taxus baccata) is surrounded by mythology and folklore and is commonly found in churchyards and cemeteries around the country and as such has the alternative name ‘Tree of the Dead’. It is native to the British Isles and across Europe. They are some of the oldest living things in these regions with some being over 2,000 years old. Interestingly it can be very difficult to date the age of yew trees using the traditional method of counting the rings in the trunk because of a fungus which rots the inside of the trunk hollowing it out. The oldest tree recorded by Kew gardens in Wakehurst dates back to around 1391. The yew is a dense evergreen tree with a large trunk that can grow up to 20m (65ft) tall. It has a thin, scaly bark which flakes easily. With dark green, leathery needle like leaves and distinctive ‘arils’ (the red fleshy, cup shaped ‘berry’) that holds the seed; the yew tree is easy to recognise. In mythology and folklore the yew is symbolic of everlasting life and rebirth and in preChristian times the Druids regarded it as being highly sacred. The ancient Celts however saw it as a symbol of death and resurrection and this continued into Christian times with branches of the tree

being carried at funerals and on Palm Sunday for hundreds of years; hence the continuing connection with churchyards. There are over 500 churchyards in England with yew trees that are older than the buildings, with 10 trees believed to predate the 10th century. It’s thought that yew was planted on the graves of plague victims to protect the dead as well as to prevent cattle being grazed in the churchyard as most parts of the tree (except the arils) are highly poisonous to mammals. However anti-cancer compounds found in the leaves are used in modern medicine in drugs such as Taxol® but these compounds in their raw form in all parts of the tree are highly toxic and can lead to severe illness and occasionally death if eaten. 22

The wood of the yew was used in the Middle Ages to make long bows and tool handles but today is used to make items such as furniture and flooring and is also used in carving and woodturning due to its interesting grain. It is one of the hardest softwoods. One of the world’s oldest surviving wooden items is a yew spearhead that is estimated to be 450,000 years old – now that is old! Join me each month as we continue to look at familiar trees found in the British countryside and find out just a little bit more about them. By Pam Waggott References. www.woodlandtrust.org.uk www.edenproject.com www.clarenbridgegardencentre.ie www.kew.org

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The Newt Introduction by Rafferty Antrobus age 10 Did you know there are over 100 different species of newt but only 3 are native to the UK. Newts are amphibians and live for around 10-20 years. They are carnivorous and feed on slugs, worms, tadpoles and shrimps and their predators are foxes, snakes, birds and fish. Newts can be dangerous as some secrete a tetrodotoxin through their skin as a defense mechanism that could kill a person. A fascinating fact about newts is that they are able to regenerate their own lost limbs and organs. Because of this they are studied by medical science and have even been sent into space to further these studies. Newts are members of the Salamandidae family and have an ancient relative called a Metaposaurus which lived in the Late Triassic period which was a fierce, car-sized, crocodile-looking creature which vented terror on other dinosaurs that ventured by the water. Happy New Year!

Cumbria Amphibian & Reptile Group Native Newts Newts perform important functions which unconsciously benefit humanity. Their complex lifecycles contribute to the ecosystem through the cycling of nutrients from water to land and back again. The UK has three native newt species all which can be found in Cumbria. Smooth newt (Lissotriton vulgaris) and Palmate newt (Lissotriton helveticus)

The smooth newt likes to colonise garden ponds, whereas the palmate newt has a distinct preference for the dryer conditions of shallow ponds and acid rich soils and can be found further from water bodies during their terrestrial phase (on land). Telling smooth newts apart from palmate newts can be trying. Both are brown in colour, with a yellow/orange underbelly, and both species rarely exceed 10cm. The best way to tell

females apart is the fact that the throat of the smooth newt is spotted and that of the palmate newt is plain pink or yellow. The palmate male, in breeding condition, is easy to tell apart from the smooth newt. Palmate newt males have a filament at the tip of the tail and black webbing on the back feet, whereas smooth newt males during breeding season develop a continuous wavey crest along their backs, but do not have the filament tail tip or webbed back feet. Adults of both species are often found in ponds during the breeding season from February to June. Spawn is laid as individual eggs, each of which is wrapped carefully in a leaf of pond weed, by the female Continued on page 28

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Designing with ornamental grasses I’m looking over my garden now and see ornamental grasses adding much needed winter interest to the view; they sway in the wind and their faded colours and movement add stunning contrasts at this time of the year. These plants are all about shape, texture and movement rather than simple flower colour. Planted in swathes in a cottage garden or prairie style scheme they provide excellent contrast against groups of flowering plants. Their architectural qualities give impact in modern schemes and they also play an essential part in a sensory garden. Grasses for wildlife • Birds will enjoy seeds, foliage cover and nesting material • They provide a habitat for insects and cover for animals like hedgehogs • Spiders spin webs between the blades of grass • Much needed winter cover Some of my favourites and why… Calamagrostis x acutiflora ‘Karl Foerster’ (feather reed-grass) – quite tall so it can be used for screening; plumes of seedheads can be left through winter so it’s great for winter appeal. Carex species (sedges) – evergreen, good for ground cover and there are also impactful golden forms e.g. Carex elata ‘Aurea’.

Miscanthus sinensis (Chinese silver grass) and cultivars – these give amazing movement in the garden with airy flower plumes. Some have autumn colour and they are, again, fabulous in winter. Hakonechloa macra – a big plus is that it also grows in shade; low growing with bright green foliage and autumn colour too. ‘Aureola’ is a golden form. Festuca glauca (blue fescue) – I believe it’s well suited to a modern scheme, with its interesting blue colour and blade-like leaves. General points when choosing ornamental grasses • There are evergreen and deciduous forms, although deciduous ones are still attractive when they fade and die back, so either can give almost all-year-round interest. • Height and spread - some are very tall and others will spread, so remember the size of your garden space. • Seasonal merits - grasses will produce flowers and the nature of their seed heads is something to think about. However I mostly look at what their structural form gives to a scheme. • They are easily maintained - evergreens needing a comb through to remove dead foliage and deciduous need an annual cut back in spring just before new growth begins. Now is a perfect time to consider the planting in your garden and think about new garden designs to get ready for spring. Contact me for competitive quotes for garden designs, planting plans and garden makeovers.

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degradation of water quality, the introduction of fish to breeding ponds, and the fragmentation of terrestrial habitat.

Great crested newts are the largest of the UK’s three native species growing up to 17cm in length. Great crested newts are dark brown or black in colour with a distinct ‘warty’ skin. The underside is bright orange with irregular black blotches. In the spring, males develop an impressive, jagged crest along their back and a white ‘flash’ along the tail. Females, particularly in the breeding season when they are swollen with eggs, are bulky in appearance but lack the crest of the male. Great crested newt larvae are mottled with black spots and have a fine filament at the end of the tail. Breeding takes place from around March to June. Great crested newts undergo an elaborate courtship routine with males displaying before female newts. After mating, each female lays around 200 eggs, individually laid and wrapped inside the leaves of pond plants.

Continued from page 24 newt. Unlike the tadpoles of frogs and toads, newt larvae (efts) develop their front legs before their back legs. They breathe through external feathery gills which sprout from behind the head. Juvenile newts leave the water in later summer after losing their gills. They eat invertebrates either on land or in water. They also prey on frog tadpoles. Outside of the breeding season, newts come onto land and are often found in damp places, frequently underneath logs and debris in the summer months.

Due to enormous declines in range and abundance in the last century, the great crested newt is strictly protected by British and European law which makes it an offence to kill, injure, capture, or disturb them; damage or destroy their habitat; and to possess, sell or trade. This law refers to all great crested newt life stages, including eggs. (Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Trust, 2021) An excellent identification resource can be found under Education/Projects on the Cumbria Amphibian and Reptile Website https://groups. arguk.org/carg

Smooth newts and palmate newts are protected by law in Great Britain. It is illegal to sell or trade them in any way.

Other threats that have an impact on our newt populations include:

Great crested newts (Triturus cristatus)

Disease:

Great crested newts are widely distributed throughout lowland Great Britain, and absent from Ireland. In the last century great crested newts have declined across Europe, mainly because of loss of breeding ponds through destruction or

Chytridiomycosis (Chytrid disease) is a lethal skin disease in amphibian species. This condition has caused mass mortalities in Europe where it spread from captive to wild salamander populations.

For more information about group activities or if you have any questions about amphibians and reptiles we can be contacted by email: cumbria. arg@gmail.com or via our Facebook community page ‘Cumbria Amphibian and Reptile Group’.

It has been reported in captive populations in Great Britain but not yet in wild populations. It is considered a major threat to amphibian biodiversity. It is only known to cause disease in salamanders and newts; however, frogs and toads can carry the fungus without clinical signs. Signs of Chytrid disease include skin erosion and ulcerations and laboratory tests are required for confirmation. It is spread through direct animal to animal contact or contaminated materials such as water, equipment, gravel, and aquatic plants. This a is a notifiable disease that must be reported to Defra (GOV.UK, 2021).

Suzie Collinson (Chairperson CARG) (ARG UK Trustee) Amphibian and Reptile Groups of UK (ARG UK) is a registered charity (number 1165504) committed to the conservation of native amphibians and reptiles and their natural environment by supporting the development of a network of independent volunteer amphibian and reptile groups (ARGs

Non-native species: An escapee from captivity the Alpine newt (Mesotriton alpestris) has seemed to thrive in this country. It is of much the same size as our two smaller species of newt. It can be identified due to it being very dark, frequently black in colour with a blueish tint. It has a bright red underside, and some specimens have a suggestion of a red vertebral stripe. It does not appear to be common in the UK but certainly is widespread.

JANUARY ALREADY We’ll eschew the new, let’s ring in the old Enough of those Hogmanay traditions Last year’s ideas have not yet been sold My cup runneth o’er with inhibitions You can’t start afresh by leaving a mess Blind optimists practise a deception Real change never happens without duress It needs more than a false resolution This month of alcoholic abstention When neighbours trumpet their healthy lifestyle Can’t they see I’m not paying attention Hell bent on limping a twelve minute mile It’s nought to do with the well man pursuit All spent up I’m as sober as a newt

Non native species that do thrive and become invasive can however potentially carry diseases that may affect our native wildlife, they can have an impact on the abundance of our native species and or habitat availability thus contributing to species declines (Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Trust, 2021). The Cumbria Amphibian and Reptile Groups aims are to promote the conservation of our native reptiles and amphibians here in Cumbria. We are a group of volunteers that enjoy increasing awareness and knowledge through community outreach projects such as school and community talks. We also encourage people to record their sightings through training and surveys and we like to promote and take part in improving habitats via practical tasks.

Rex di Noci New Year’s Day 2022 29

Art in the Round - Sculpture at Penrith and Eden Museum Article by Sydney Chapman Actually cast in bronze is ‘The Rider’ by Lorna Graves (1947-2006). Fascinated by the Museum’s Neolithic and early Bronze age artefacts, Graves co-curated an exhibition of her own work at the Museum ‘Under the Hogback or On the Wing’. Much of her art was inspired by ancient civilisations and cultures, the Cumbrian landscape and its monuments, and by prehistoric rock art. Here, evoking its mythical and legendary past, a female figure straddles a beast of the artist’s imagination. Another of her works is ‘Burial Ground’, a box containing seventeen ceramics many of sculpted forms which could at first sight be mistaken for archaeological ‘finds’. They are enclosed in a black grille-covered box which includes a vessel which incorporates her father’s ashes. Her pieces were often made following the Japanese ‘raku’ practice of throwing twigs leaves or wood-shavings on the freshly fired clay leaving smoke stains and ash on the surface. This became for her a ritual which charged the work with the elemental and spiritual qualities of nature.

‘Wrestlers’ by Annabelle Smith

‘The Rider’ by Lorna Graves

Julian Longcake (b. 1964), a visual and community artist, describes his work as involving “creating weird and wonderful insects from recycled materials and found objects which are then given pseudo classification and displayed in cases as part of a small museum”. Fittingly the two examples of his work, his ‘insects’, ‘Recycled Scarab’ and ‘Cobweb Fly’ (which use plastic, copper wire, cobweb and glass beads) are displayed alongside real specimens including taxidermy birds, butterflies and shells in a tall case in the Museum highlighting its natural history collections.

‘Burial Ground’ by Lorna Graves

As well as having some items of archaeological interest including a ‘Lady wearing a wimple’, possibly from the medieval Penrith Friary, the vernacular-looking bust of a man wearing a tricorn hat, found in a garden at Tirril and prehistoric carved stone or ‘rock art’, the Museum has examples of modern sculpture by local artists. These include a work by Annabelle Smith showing Cumberland and Westmorland style wrestlers Alan Jones and Trevor Hodgson. Made of grogged stoneware with a golden and pewter like vitreous glaze it could easily be mistaken for a work cast in bronze. It reveals her fascination with this ancient traditional sport which can be also seen in another example of her work in the art collection, a watercolour study of the wrestlers Andrew Carlile and John Harrington; both of which complement the Museum’s memorabilia of notable wrestlers like William Jameson, Thomas Powley and Ernest John Harrison.

‘Recycled Scarab’ by Julian Longcake 30

Eden107.5 Your Programme Guide Monday

7am Breakfast with Lee 10am Monday Mix 1pm Late Lunch with Tony 4pm Drive Home, Eden Team 6pm Mad Monday Kaptain Mounsey 8pm Step up to the M.I.C Tash and Matt 10pm Eden Mix through the night until 7am

Tuesday 7am Breakfast with Pam 10am Tuesday Mix 12pm Lunch Time with Liam James 2pm After lunch mix 4pm Drive Home with Lee 6pm Chart Tuesday with Summer (Coming soon) 8pm Northern Soul 10pm Eden Mix through the night until 7am

Wednesday 7am Breakfast with Lee 10am Morning show with Martin 12pm Lunch mix 1pm Late Lunch with Tony 6pm Electronic 80s Lee or Fred (Alternate weeks) 8pm Eden Folk Liz Franklin 10pm Step up to the M.I.C Tash and Matt (Rewind Repeat) 00.00 Eden Mix through the night until 7am

Thursday 7am Breakfast with Pam 10am Morning Mix 1pm The afternoon with Dougie 6pm 90s mix Liam James plus (Alternate weeks) (Coming soon) 8pm Double decade 70’s and 80s with Marty 10pm Eden Mix through the night until 7am

Friday 7am Breakfast with Pam 10am Morning show with Martin 12pm Friday Mix 4pm Drive Home with Lee 6pm Off Screen with Van and Becks

8pm Friday Rock with the Prince of Darkness 10pm 90s mix Liam James plus (Rewind Repeat) 00.00 Late Night Love songs (Coming soon) 02.00 Eden Mix through the night until 6am

Saturday 6am 60’s on Saturdays at six 8am Breakfast with Liam James 10am Morning show with Matty 12pm Lunch time 2pm Saturday Mix and Sports report (Coming soon) 5pm Off Screen with Van and Becks (Rewind Repeat) 6pm Electronic 80s (Rewind Repeat) 8pm Red Tread 10pm Go Retro Mark (Coming soon) 00.00 Eden Mix through the night until 8am

Sunday 8am Breakfast with Stevie Dee 10am Penrith and area Church Service 12pm Weekly News round up (Coming soon) 2pm Show Time with PJ 4pm Classical with Tony or Stephen’s Tracks (Alternate weeks) 6pm 60’s on Sundays at six 8pm Eden Folk Liz Franklin (repeat) 10pm Eden Country Archives with Martin 00.00 Eden Mix through the night until 7am Coming soon launch dates to be announced, check updates on our Social Media

How to listen to Eden FM Via radio on 107.5 FM If you’re out of reach try one of these via your mobile device on tablet Via the website www.edenfm.co.uk click to listen Or you could try these fastcast4u.com/player/edenfmlt/ www.radio-uk.co.uk/eden-fm-1075-penrith www.liveradio.ie/stations/eden-fm-penrith tunein.com/radio/Eden-FM-s159035/ radio.garden/listen/edenfm/AgLAOllR internetradiouk.com/eden-fm/ streema.com/radios/Eden_FM_Radio

If you can’t connect with one of the above you can always ask Alexa or Seri to help 31

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