International Journal of Excellence Innovation and Development ||Volume 2, Issue 1, Jan. 2019||Page No. 041-055||
Impact of Stocking Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio) on Production in Some Selected Beels in Gazipur District, Bangladesh Arafat Hossain Apon1,2, Amir Hossain2,3, Saiful Islam1, Hafzur Rahman1,2, Abdulla-Al-Asif4,5, Jabed Ali Mirza1, Md. Masum Billah6 1
Department of Fisheries Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh 2 Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh 3 Department of Fisheries Biology & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh 4 Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh 5 Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore-7408, Bangladesh 6 Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
Abstract––The present study was conducted in three seasonal beels in Gacha union under Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district during the period from June 2015 to January 2016. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the impact of stocking common carp on the abundance and biodiversity of native fish species in seasonal beels. Three seasonal beels such as Baroholai, Makhna and Buridha which were connected with Turag River through different canals were selected to implement the study. Baroholai and Makhna beel were stocked with common carp fingerlings at 2500 per hectare. Buridha beel served as control. Necessary data were collected from the fishermen and lease holders of the concern beel through using structured questionnaire by survey method. A total of 42-43 species of fishes were recorded from stocked beel as against of 43 species in control beel. Shanon- Weiner diversity index averaged 2.58 in stocked beel as opposed to 2.68 for control beel. The studied beel had medium richness in terms of biodiversity and faunal abundances. Per hectare fish production was 522-577kg in stocked beels as compared to 365kg in control beel. Cyprinidae was the most abundant group contributing to the bulk of fishery yield. Surface feeder took a lead over other groups of fishes in stocked beel as opposed to bottom feeder in case of control beel. Bottom dwelling small catfishes seems to be affected in presence of common carp in the stocked beels. Control beel harboured increased number and quantity of catfishes. Fish productions in the seasonal beels were profitable. Per hectare total cost of fish production averaged tk 34976.67 as against of total gross return of tk 92683.67. Benefit cost ratio (BCR) was found to be 2.57-3.42 in stocked beel and 2.01 in control beel. Further researches are needed to precisely determine the possible consequences of stocking common carp in seasonal beels. Keywords––Taxonomy, diversity, abundance, species assemblage, cost-benefit analysis
fish
INTRODUCTION Bangladesh is uniquely rich in water bodies. It is endowed by the three major river systems namely the Ganges-Padma, the Meghna and the JamunaBrahmaputra. A large number river with innumerable www.ijeid.com
tributaries and distributaries are criss-cross the country. Their combined flow is nearly 6 million cusecs, all of which drain into the Bay of Bengal. Three types of water resources are available in Bangladesh such as, freshwater, brackish water and marine water. There are two types of inland water bodies such as open water bodies and closed water bodies. The country contains 4700795 ha of inland water area, of which 3906343 ha comprises the open water and the rest 794361 ha occupy the closed water (DoF, 2016). The fisheries sector contributes about 3.69% of the country’s GDP in 201415 and 23.12% to the agricultural income. About 1.92% of total export earnings (DoF, 2016) were derived from exporting fish and fishery products. Beels are saucer like deeper portion in floodplain which may retain water throughout the year (permanent beels) or dry up during winter (seasonal beels). Beels are well known for their rich biological diversity including fish fauna. Fisheries remain as an important activity in such water bodies, since time immemorial, but such waters have still larger spectrum of utilities such as (I) recharge of ground water, (II) accumulation of flood waters, (III) shore-line stabilization, (IV) trapping of toxic substances, (V) trapping of nutrients, (VI) repository of biodiversity as abode for large variety of plant and animal species, (VII) sources- for entertainments, (VIII) protection and development of aquatic food chains, (IX) breeding, grazing and nursery grounds for riverine fish stock, and (X) regulator of local climate and so on (Jha, 1989; Islam et al., 2017). The beels are considered as biologically sensitive habitats as they play a vital role in the recruitment of fish population in the riverine ecosystems and provide nursery grounds for commercially important fishes (Devnath et al., 2004). But due to the progressive decline in protein intake, we arrived at a situation of protein deficiency. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) has been brought to Bangladesh from Nepal in 1979 for culture purpose. The common carp originated from temperate climatic region with preference to warm temperatures. It naturally inhabits lakes, ponds or slow moving waters, preferably with a muddy bottom. It has high tolerance to wider range of temperature between 0◦c and 41◦c. The Common carp is omnivorous and can feed on a variety of food materials with preference to feed from the bottom (Horvath, 1992;
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