Defining & Non-defining
Eduardo Arcas DomĂnguez - IES Diego Torrente PĂŠrez
A relative sentence is a subordinate clause that lets us add some information about people or things without the need to repeat it.
They appear after the antecedent, which is the element that we are trying to avoid repeating.
Eduardo Arcas Domínguez - IES Diego Torrente Pérez
There are two types of relative clauses DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES These clauses identify which things or people the speaker is talking about. We do not use commas with these clauses The man who discovered America lived in the 15th century
NON - DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES These clauses add extra information about a person or thing which is already identified. We use commas here My sister, who is 22 years old, is living in Italy
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WHO (M) THAT
WHY
WHICH WHOSE WHEN WHERE
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WHO (M)
It is used when the antecedent is a person, both in defining and in non-defining relative clauses Obama, who is the President of the USA, was elected a few years ago.
Eduardo Arcas DomĂnguez - IES Diego Torrente PĂŠrez
WHO (M)
It is used when the antecedent is a person, both in defining and in non-defining relative clauses Obama, who is the President of the USA, was elected a few years ago.
Sometimes, the verb in the subordinate clause needs a particular preposition. In these cases, we have two options: John is my cousin. They were talking about him.
John, about whom they were talking, is my cousin
John, who they were talking about, is my cousin Eduardo Arcas DomĂnguez - IES Diego Torrente PĂŠrez
It is used when the antecedent is either a person or a thing in defining relative clauses
THAT
The house that I like is near the town centre. The person that I like is very charming
Eduardo Arcas DomĂnguez - IES Diego Torrente PĂŠrez
It is used when the antecedent is either a person or a thing in defining relative clauses
THAT
The house that I like is near the town centre. The person that I like is very charming
Eduardo Arcas DomĂnguez - IES Diego Torrente PĂŠrez
It is used when the antecedent is a thing, both in defining and in non-defining relative clauses
These trousers, which are brand new, don’t fit you
WHICH
It is also used when the antecedent is a whole sentence or idea.
Eduardo Arcas Domínguez - IES Diego Torrente Pérez
It is used when the antecedent is a thing, both in defining and in non-defining relative clauses
These trousers, which are brand new, don’t fit you.
WHICH
It is also used when the antecedent is a whole sentence or idea.
They got divorced last week, which surprised everyone.
Eduardo Arcas Domínguez - IES Diego Torrente Pérez
It is used when the antecedent is a thing, both in defining and in non-defining relative clauses
These trousers, which are brand new, don’t fit you.
WHICH
It is also used when the antecedent is a whole sentence or idea.
They got divorced last week, which surprised everyone.
Eduardo Arcas Domínguez - IES Diego Torrente Pérez
It usually appears when the antecent is a person and we want to introduce the idea of possession
Emma, whose hair was long and dark, has dyed it. WHOSE
Eduardo Arcas DomĂnguez - IES Diego Torrente PĂŠrez
It usually appears when the antecent is a person and we want to introduce the idea of possession
Emma, whose hair was long and dark, has dyed it. WHOSE
Eduardo Arcas DomĂnguez - IES Diego Torrente PĂŠrez
It is used to mean the reason why That is the reason why argue so much
Eduardo Arcas Domínguez - IES Diego Torrente Pérez
WHY
It is used to mean the reason why That is the reason why argue so much
WHY
It is used when the antecedent is a place This is the hospital where my grandmother was operated
WHERE
Eduardo Arcas DomĂnguez - IES Diego Torrente PĂŠrez
It is used to mean the reason why That is the reason why argue so much
WHY
It is used when the antecedent is a moment In 1992, when I was born, my parents lived in York
It is used when the antecedent is a place This is the hospital where my grandmother was operated
WHEN WHERE
Eduardo Arcas DomĂnguez - IES Diego Torrente PĂŠrez
It is used to mean the reason why That is the reason why argue so much
WHY
It is used when the antecedent is a moment In 1992, when I was born, my parents lived in York
It is used when the antecedent is a place This is the hospital where my grandmother was operated
WHEN WHERE
Eduardo Arcas DomĂnguez - IES Diego Torrente PĂŠrez