CONTENTS
List of Illustrations
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter1INTRODUCTION:FREEDOMOFDISPOSITION
A.ThePowertoTransmitPropertyatDeath
LawrenceM.Friedman,DeadHands:ASocialHistory ofWills,Trusts,andInheritanceLaw
1.FreedomofDispositionandtheDeadHand
Shapira v. Union National Bank
2.JustifyingFreedomofDisposition
a.TheDonor’sPrerogative
AdamJ.Hirsch&WilliamK.S.Wang,A QualitativeTheoryoftheDeadHand
DanielB.Kelly,RestrictingTestamentary
Freedom:ExAnteVersusExPost
Justifications
b.ConcentrationsofWealth
WojciechKopczuk,WhatDoWeKnowAbout theEvolutionofTopWealthSharesinthe UnitedStates?
EdwardN.Wolff&MauryGittleman, InheritancesandtheDistributionofWealthor WhateverHappenedtotheGreatInheritance Boom?
c.HumanandCulturalCapital
StephenJ.McNamee&RobertK.Miller,Jr., TheMeritocracyMyth
d.AQuestionofTaxPolicy?
3.FromFeudalismtoaConstitutionalRight
4.PosthumouslyCreatedPropertyRights
Shaw Family Archives Ltd. v. CMG Worldwide, Inc.
B.TheMechanicsofSuccession
1.ProbateandNonprobateProperty
2.ProbateTerminology
3.ProbateAdministration
a.OpeningProbateandChoiceofLaw
b.CommonFormandSolemnFormProbate
c.FormalandInformalProbate
d.SupervisedandUnsupervisedAdministration
e.BarringCreditors
f.ClosingtheEstate
4.CanProbateBeAvoided?
C.ProfessionalResponsibility
1.DutiestoIntendedBeneficiaries
Simpson v. Calivas
2.JointRepresentation
A. v. B.
Chapter2INTESTACY:ANESTATEPLANBYDEFAULT
A.AnEstatePlanbyDefault
1.WhyDoSoManyPeopleDieIntestate?
2.ThePurposeofIntestacyStatutes
3.HeirshipandtheExpectancyofanHeirApparent
4.ApplicableLawandtheUniformProbateCode
UniformProbateCode§§2-101,2-102,2-103,2105
B.TheStructureofIntestateSuccession
1.SurvivingSpouse
a.TheSpouse’sShare
b.UnmarriedCohabitingPartners
c.TheProblemofSimultaneousDeath
2.Descendants
a.Representation
b.RepresentationinWillsandTrusts
3.Ancestors,Collaterals,andOthers
a.Parents
b.OtherAncestorsandCollaterals
c.LaughingHeirs
d.StepchildrenandIn-Laws
e.Half-Bloods
f.Escheat
4.DisinheritancebyNegativeWill
C.TransferstoChildren
1.AdoptedChildren
a.FormalAdoption
Hall v. Vallandingham
b.AdultAdoption
c.AdoptionandWillsandTrusts
Minary v. Citizens Fidelity Bank & Trust Co.
d.EquitableAdoption
O’Neal v. Wilkes
2.PosthumousChildren
3.NonmaritalChildren
4.ReproductiveTechnologyandNewFormsof Parentage
a.PosthumouslyConceivedChildren
Woodward v. Commissioner of Social Security
b.PosthumouslyConceivedChildrenandWillsand Trusts
c.SurrogacyandOpposite-SexMarriedCouples
d.AssistedReproductionandSame-SexCouples
e.The2008AmendmentstotheUPC
5.AdvancementsandHotchpot
a.AdvancementsatCommonLaw
b.Hotchpot
c.AdvancementsinModernLaw
UniformProbateCode§2-109
6.GuardianshipandConservatorshipofMinors
a.GuardianofthePerson
b.PropertyManagementOptions
D.BarstoSuccession
1.TheSlayerRule
In re Estate of Mahoney
TheUnworthyHeir
2.Disclaimer
a.FromCommonLawtoStatutoryLaw
b.AvoidingTaxes
c.AvoidingCreditors
d.DisclaimerstoQualifyforMedicaid
Chapter3WILLS:FORMALITIESANDFORMS
A.ExecutionofWills
1.AttestedWills
a.TheCoreFormalities
UniformProbateCode§2-502
b.TheFunctionsofFormalities
JohnH.Langbein,SubstantialCompliance withtheWillsAct
c.TheStrictComplianceRule
Stevens v. Casdorph
TheMeaningof“Presence”
The“Signature”Requirement
d.InterestedWitnessesandPurgingStatutes
(1)FromDisqualificationtoPurging
(2)TheTrendAwayfromPurging
e.ModelExecutionCeremony
TheSelf-ProvingAffidavit
SafeguardingaWill
f.AdHocRelieffromStrictCompliance
In re Pavlinko’s Estate
In re Snide
g.TheSubstantialComplianceDoctrine
TheUnfulfilledPromiseofSubstantial Compliance
FromSubstantialCompliancetoHarmless Error:Australia’sNationalExperiment
h.TheHarmlessErrorRule
UniformProbateCode§2-503
In re Estate of Hall
In re Probate of Will and Codicil of Macool Writings,Documents,andElectronicor DigitalWills
In re Estate of Javier Castro
2.NotarizedWills
LawrenceW.Waggoner,TheUPCAuthorizes
NotarizedWills
3.HolographicWills
a.DiscerningTestamentaryIntent
AshbelG.Gulliver&CatherineJ.Tilson, ClassificationofGratuitousTransfers
In re Kimmel’s Estate
b.PreprintedWillForms
In re Estate of Gonzalez
c.SignatureandHandwriting
(1)Signature
(2)TheExtentoftheTestator’sHandwriting
d.ExtrinsicEvidence
In re Estate of Kuralt
B.RevocationofWills
1.RevocationbyWritingorbyPhysicalAct
UniformProbateCode§2-507
a.ExpressandImpliedRevocatoryWritings
b.FormalityinRevocationbyWritingorPhysical Act
Thompson v. Royall
c.PresumptionofPhysicalActRevocation
Harrison v. Bird
LostWillsandthePresumptionofRevocation
d.HarmlessErrorinRevocation
In re Estate of Stoker
e.PartialRevocationbyPhysicalAct
2.DependentRelativeRevocation
LaCroix v. Senecal
Restatement(Third)ofProperty:WillsandOther
DonativeTransfers§4.3
3.RevivalofRevokedWills
UniformProbateCode§2-509
4.RevocationbyOperationofLaw
a.Divorce
UniformProbateCode§2-804
b.Marriage
c.BirthofChildren
C.ComponentsofaWill
1.Integration
In re Estate of Rigsby
2.RepublicationbyCodicil
3.IncorporationbyReference
a.ExistingWritings
UniformProbateCode§2-510
Clark v. Greenhalge
b.SubsequentWritingsandTangiblePersonal Property
UniformProbateCode§2-513
4.ActsofIndependentSignificance
UniformProbateCode§2-512
D.ContractsRelatingtoWills
1.ContractstoMakeaWill
UniformProbateCode§2-514
2.ContractsNottoRevokeaWill Keith v. Lulofs
Chapter4WILLS:CAPACITYANDCONTESTS
A.CapacitytoMakeaWill
1.MentalCapacity
In re Wright’s Estate
Wilson v. Lane
2.InsaneDelusion
In re Strittmater’s Estate
Breeden v. Stone
B.UndueInfluence
1.WhatIsUndueInfluence?
2.UndueInfluenceintheCases
In re Estate of Sharis
PresumptionsandBurdenShiftinginUndue
InfluenceCases
In re Will of Moses
Lipper v. Weslow
BequeststoLawyersandFiduciaryAppointments
3.PlanningforandAvoidingaWillContest
a.WarningSigns
b.Strategies
C.Duress
Latham v. Father Divine
InterferencewithInheritance,RestitutionandUnjust Enrichment,andConstructiveTrust
D.Fraud
E.TortiousInterferencewithanExpectancy
Schilling v. Herrera
Chapter5WILLS:CONSTRUCTION
A.MistakenorAmbiguousLanguageinWills
1.PlainMeaningandNoReformation
Mahoney v. Grainger
In re Estate of Cole
2.AdHocReliefforMistakenTerms
Arnheiter v. Arnheiter
In re Gibbs’ Estate
3.OpenlyReformingWillsforMistake
UniformProbateCode§2-805
In re Estate of Duke
B.DeathofBeneficiaryBeforeDeathofTestator
1.LapsedandVoidDevises
In re Estate of Russell
2.AntilapseStatutes
UniformProbateCode§2-605
a.PresumedIntent
b.Scope
c.DefaultRules
d.WordsofSurvivorship
Ruotolo v. Tietjen
3.ClassGifts
a.WhatIsaClass?
Restatement(Third)ofProperty:Willsand OtherDonativeTransfers§§13.1,13.2
Dawson v. Yucus
b.ApplicationofAntilapseStatutestoClassGifts
4.SummaryDiagram
C.ChangesinPropertyAfterExecutionofWill
1.AdemptionbyExtinction
In re Estate of Anton
UniformProbateCode§2-606
2.StockSplitsandtheProblemofIncrease
3.SatisfactionofGeneralPecuniaryBequests
4.ExonerationofLiens
5.Abatement
Chapter6TRUSTS:CHARACTERISTICSANDCREATION
A.TheTrustinAmericanLaw
1.OriginsoftheTrust
2.SourcesofLaw
MaxM.Schanzenbach&RobertH.Sitkoff,The PrudentInvestorRuleandTrustAssetAllocation: AnEmpiricalAnalysis
3.Vocabulary,Typology,andIllustrativeUses
4.BifurcationofOwnership
5.ATrustComparedwithaLegalLifeEstate
a.LegalLifeEstate
b.EquitableLifeEstate—ATrust
6.BusinessTrusts
7.ForeignTrustLaw
B.CreationofaTrust
1.IntenttoCreateaTrust
a.TestamentaryTrust
b.DeedofTrust
Jimenez v. Lee
c.DeclarationofTrust
Hebrew University Ass’n v. Nye (1961)
Hebrew University Ass’n v. Nye (1966)
2.TrustProperty
Unthank v. Rippstein
3.AscertainableBeneficiaries
a.TheBeneficiaryPrinciple Clark v. Campbell
b.PetandOtherNoncharitablePurposeTrusts In re Searight’s Estate
4.AWrittenInstrument?
a.OralInterVivosTrustsofPersonalProperty UniformTrustCode§407 In re Estate of Fournier
b.SecretTestamentaryTrustsandtheWillsAct Olliffe v. Wells
c.OralInterVivosTrustsofLandandtheStatuteof Frauds
Chapter7NONPROBATETRANSFERSANDPLANNINGFOR INCAPACITY
A.TheRiseofNonprobateSuccession
JohnH.Langbein,MajorReformsoftheProperty
RestatementandtheUniformProbateCode: Reformation,HarmlessError,andNonprobateTransfers
B.RevocableTrusts
1.TheWillsActandaPresentTransfer
2.AbandoningthePresentTransferFiction
UniformTrustCode§603
Fulp v. Gilliland
3.RevokingorAmendingaRevocableTrust
UniformTrustCode§602
Patterson v. Patterson
4.TheSubsidiaryLawofWills
State Street Bank and Trust Co. v. Reiser
Clymer v. Mayo
5.RevocableTrustsinContemporaryPractice
a.ThePour-OverWill
b.StatutoryValidationofaPourOverintoan UnfundedRevocableTrust
c.DeathtimeConsiderations
d.LifetimeConsiderations
C.TheOtherWillSubstitutes
1.LifeInsurance
Cook v. Equitable Life Assurance Society
2.PensionandRetirementPlans
a.TheGrowthinPensionandRetirementPlans
JohnH.Langbein,TheTwentieth-Century RevolutioninFamilyWealthTransmission
b.TypesofPensionandRetirementPlans
c.SuccessionIssuesforPensionandRetirement Accounts
Nunnenman v. Estate of Grubbs
Egelhoff v. Egelhoff
3.Pay-on-DeathandTransfer-on-DeathContracts
UniformProbateCode§6-101
Multiple-PartyBankandBrokerageAccounts
Varela v. Bernachea
4.NonprobateTransferofRealProperty
D.PlanningforIncapacity
1.PropertyManagement
a.Conservatorship
b.RevocableTrust
c.DurablePowerofAttorney
In re Estate of Kurrelmeyer
2.HealthCare
a.DefaultLaw
b.AdvanceDirectives
c.PhysicianAidinDying
3.DispositionoftheBody
a.Post-MortemRemains
b.OrganDonation
Chapter8LIMITSONFREEDOMOFDISPOSITION: PROTECTIONOFTHESPOUSEANDCHILDREN
A.ProtectionoftheSurvivingSpouse
1.TheElectiveShareofaSeparatePropertySurviving Spouse
a.EconomicPartnershiporSupportObligation? UniformProbateCodeArticleII,Part2, GeneralComment
b.UnmarriedCohabitingPartners
c.VariationAcrosstheStates
d.NonprobateProperty
(1)JudicialResponses Sullivan v. Burkin
(2)StatutoryReform In re Estate of Myers
e.TheUniformProbateCode
f.WaiverbyPremaritalorPostnuptialAgreement UniformPremaritalandMaritalAgreement Act§9
Reece v. Elliott
2.CommunityProperty
a.TheSpreadoftheCommunityPropertySystem
b.ManagementandDispositionofCommunity Property
3.MigratingCouplesandMultistatePropertyHoldings
a.MovingfromSeparatePropertytoCommunity Property
b.MovingfromCommunityPropertytoSeparate Property
4.MiscellaneousAdditionalRights
a.SocialSecurity
b.PensionandRetirementAccounts
c.Homestead
d.PersonalPropertySet-Aside
e.FamilyAllowance
f.DowerandCurtesy
B.IntentionalOmissionofaChild
1.AmericanLaw
2.TheFamilyMaintenanceSystemofthe Commonwealth Lambeff v. Farmers Co-operative Executors & Trustees Ltd.
C.ProtectionAgainstUnintentionalOmission
1.SpouseOmittedfromPremaritalWill UniformProbateCode§2-301 In re Estate of Prestie
2.UnintentionalDisinheritanceofaChild UniformProbateCode§2-302
Gray v. Gray In re Estate of Jackson
Chapter9TRUSTS:FIDUCIARYADMINISTRATION
A.FromLimitedPowerstoFiduciaryAdministration
1.FromConveyancetoManagement
JohnH.Langbein,RiseoftheManagementTrust
2.Trustees’Powers
3.FiduciaryGovernance
RobertH.Sitkoff,TrustLawasFiduciary GovernancePlusAssetPartitioning
B.TheDutyofLoyalty
Hartman v. Hartle
In re Gleeson’s Will In re Rothko
C.TheDutyofPrudence
1.TheDistributionFunction
a.DiscretionaryDistributions Marsman v. Nasca
b.Sole,Absolute,orUncontrolledDiscretion
c.ExculpationClauses
d.MandatoryArbitration
2.TheInvestmentFunction
a.FromLegalListstothePrudentInvestorRule UniformPrudentInvestorAct§§1,2,3,4
MaxM.Schanzenbach&RobertH.Sitkoff, ThePrudentInvestorRuleandMarketRisk: AnEmpiricalAnalysis
b.RecurringProblemsinApplyingthePrudent InvestorRule
(1)TheDutytoDiversifyandInceptionAssets In re Estate of Janes CompensatoryDamagesfor ImprudentInvestment
(2)TheTermsoftheTrust Wood v. U.S. Bank, N.A.
3.TheCustodialandAdministrativeFunctions
a.DutytoCollectandProtectTrustProperty
b.DutytoEarmarkTrustProperty
c.DutyNottoMingleTrustFundswiththe Trustee’sOwn
d.DutytoKeepAdequateRecordsof Administration
e.DutytoBringandDefendClaims
4.TrusteeSelectionandDividedTrusteeship
a.ChoosingaTrustee
b.DelegationbyaTrustee UniformTrustCode§807
c.DivisionbyaSettlor
(1)Co-Trustees
(2)PowerofAppointment
(3)DirectedTrusts
d.PrivateTrustCompany
D.TheDutyofImpartiality
1.DueRegardandtheTermsoftheTrust
2.ThePrincipalandIncomeProblem
In re Heller
E.TheDutytoInformandAccount UniformTrustCode§813
1.RespondingtoaRequestforInformation
UniformTrustCode§105
Wilson v. Wilson
2.AffirmativeDisclosure
Allard v. Pacific National Bank
3.AccountingsandRepose
a.JudicialAccountings
National Academy of Sciences v. Cambridge Trust Co.
b.InformalAccountingsandRelease
Chapter10TRUSTS:ALIENATIONANDMODIFICATION
A.AlienationoftheBeneficialInterest
1.DiscretionaryTrusts
a.PureDiscretionaryTrust
b.SupportTrust
c.DiscretionarySupportTrust
d.CollapsingtheCategories UniformTrustCode§504
e.ProtectiveTrusts
2.SpendthriftTrusts
UniformTrustCode§§502,503
Scheffel v. Krueger
3.Self-SettledAssetProtectionTrusts
Federal Trade Commission v. Affordable Media, LLC
4.TrustsfortheStateSupported
a.Self-SettledTrusts
b.TrustsCreatedbyThirdParties
B.ModificationandTermination
1.ConsentoftheBeneficiaries
a.EnglishLaw
b.The Claflin Doctrine
In re Estate of Brown
c.TheUTCandtheRestatement(Third)ofTrusts
UniformTrustCode§411
2.DeviationandChangedCircumstances
a.TraditionalLaw
b.ExtensiontoDispositiveProvisions
UniformTrustCode§412
In re Riddell
c.TaxObjectives
3.TrustDecanting
Harrell v. Badger
C.TrusteeRemoval
UniformTrustCode§706
Davis v. U.S. Bank National Association
Chapter11TRUSTS:CHARITABLEPURPOSES,CYPRES,AND SUPERVISION
A.CharitablePurposes
Shenandoah Valley National Bank v. Taylor
B.CyPresandDeviation
1.CyPres
a.Illegal,Impossible,orImpracticable
In re Neher’s Will
b.Wasteful
SanFranciscoChronicle:TheBuckTrust
2.Deviation
PhiladelphiaStory:TheBarnesFoundation
3.DiscriminatoryTrusts
C.EnforcementofCharitableTrusts
1.TraditionalLaw
2.SettlorStanding
Smithers v. St. Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital Center
3.LocalPolitics
TheSweetestPlaceonEarth:Hershey’sKiss-Off
4.PersonswithaSpecialInterestintheTrust
5.FederalSupervision
HawaiiJournal:TheBishopEstate
Chapter12TRUSTS:POWERSOFAPPOINTMENT
A.Purposes,Terminology,andTypesofPowers
1.TerminologyandRelationships
a.TheParties
b.Creation
c.GeneralandNongeneralPowers
d.TimeandMannerofExercise
e.OwnershipEquivalence
f.AFiduciaryPowerofAppointment?
2.TaxConsiderations
a.GeneralandNongeneralPowers
b.FlexibilityWithoutEstateTaxLiability
3.CreditorRights
Irwin Union Bank & Trust Co. v. Long
B.ExerciseofaPowerofAppointment
1.ManifestationofIntent
Beals v. State Street Bank & Trust Co.
2.FormalRequirementsImposedbytheDonor
a.TheNatureoftheInstrument
b.SpecificReferenceRequirement
UniformProbateCode§2-704
3.PermissibleExerciseofthePower
a.AppointmenttoanObject
Timmons v. Ingrahm
b.AppointmentinFurtherTrust
Brown v. Miller
c.CreationofaNewPowerofAppointment
d.ExclusiveandNonexclusivePowers
e.SalvageDoctrines:AllocationandCapture
(1)Allocation
(2)Capture
4.Disclaimer,Release,andContract
C.FailuretoExerciseaPowerofAppointment
1.GeneralPower
UniformPowersofAppointmentAct§310
2.NongeneralPower
UniformPowersofAppointmentAct§311
Chapter13TRUSTS:CONSTRUCTIONANDFUTUREINTERESTS
A.FutureInterests
1.Classification
2.FutureInterestsintheTransferor
a.Reversion
b.PossibilityofReverter
c.RightofEntry
3.FutureInterestsinTransferees
a.Remainders
(1)VestedandContingentRemainders
(2)VestedSubjecttoPartialDivestment
(3)VestedSubjecttoDivestmentor Contingent?
(4)RemaindersandReversions
b.ExecutoryInterests
4.FutureInterestsReform
B.ConstructionofTrustInstruments
1.PreferenceforVestedInterests
a.AccelerationintoPossession
b.Transferability
(1)InterVivosTransfer
(2)TransferatDeath
c.RequiringSurvivaltoTimeofPossession
(1)TheTraditionalNo-SurvivorshipRuleof Construction
Tait v. Community First Trust Co.
(2)MultigenerationalClassGiftsandOther Exceptions
Clobberie’s Case
(3)TheSurvivorship-Plus-AntilapseRuleof UPC§2-707
2.GiftstoClasses
a.GiftsofIncome
Dewire v. Haveles
b.GiftstoChildren,Issue,orDescendants
(1)GifttoChildren
(2)GifttoIssueorDescendants
c.GiftstoHeirs
Estate of Woodworth
d.TheRuleofConvenience
(1)ImmediateGifts
(2)PostponedGifts
(3)GiftsofSpecificSums
Chapter14THERULEAGAINSTPERPETUITIESANDTRUST DURATION
A.TheCommonLawRule
1.History
a.PredicatestotheRule
b.TheDukeofNorfolk’sCase
c.TowardLivesinBeingPlus21Years
2.ThePolicyAgainstRemoteVesting
a.TheModernPurposesoftheRule
b.Why“LivesinBeingPlus21Years”?
c.TheRuleandTrustDuration
3.ARuleofLogicalProof
a.SomeLifeinBeing
b.WhentheLivesinBeingAreAscertained
4.WhatMightHappenandtheFantasticalCharacters
a.TheFertileOctogenarian
b.TheUnbornWidow
c.TheSlothfulExecutor
d.TheMagicGravelPitandOtherMarvels
B.PerpetuitiesReform
1.SavingClauses
2.Reformation(orCyPres)
3.Wait-and-See
4.AbolitionoftheRuleAgainstPerpetuities
RobertH.Sitkoff&MaxM.Schanzenbach, JurisdictionalCompetitionforTrustFunds:An EmpiricalAnalysisofPerpetuitiesandTaxes
LawrenceW.Waggoner,FromHeretoEternity: TheFollyofPerpetualTrusts
JesseDukeminier&JamesE.Krier,TheRiseofthe PerpetualTrust
5.TheRestatement(Third)ofProperty
Restatement(Third)ofProperty:WillsandOther
DonativeTransfers§27.1
C.ApplicationoftheRuletoClassGiftsandPowersof Appointment
1.ClassGifts
a.TheAll-or-NothingRule
b.ExceptionstotheAll-or-NothingRule
(1)GiftstoSubclasses
(2)SpecificSumtoEachClassMember
2.PowersofAppointment
a.GeneralPowersPresentlyExercisable
(1)ValidityofPower
(2)ValidityofExercise
b.GeneralTestamentaryPowersandNongeneral Powers
(1)ValidityofPower
(2)ValidityofExercise
c.TheDelawareTaxTrap
D.OtherDurationalLimits
1.TheRuleAgainstSuspensionofthePowerof Alienation
2.TheRuleAgainstAccumulationsofIncome
A.TheFederalGiftTax
1.TaxableGifts
a.InadequateConsiderationinMoney’sWorth
b.Completion
c.JointTenancy
d.IncomeTaxBasis
e.LiabilityforGiftandEstateTaxes
2.TheAnnualExclusion
Estate of Cristofani v. Commissioner
3.TheMaritalDeductionandGiftSplitting
B.TheFederalEstateTax
1.AThumbnailSketch
2.TheGrossEstate
a.TheProbateEstate
b.JointTenancy
c.AnnuitiesandEmployeeDeathBenefits
d.LifeInsurance
e.RetainedRightsorPowers
Estate of Maxwell v. Commissioner
Old Colony Trust Co. v. United States
FamilyLimitedPartnerships
f.RevocableTransfers
g.TransfersWithinThreeYearsofDeath
h.PowersofAppointment
Estate of Vissering v. Commissioner
3.Deductions
a.TheMaritalDeduction
(1)RequirementstoQualify
(2)TheNondeductibleTerminableInterest Rule
(3)ExceptionstotheNondeductibleInterest Rule
(4)QualifiedDomesticTrusts
(5)TaxPlanningforSpouses:TheCredit ShelterTrustandPortability
b.TheCharitableDeduction
C.TheGeneration-SkippingTransferTax
1.TheNatureoftheTax
a.ATaxableGeneration-SkippingTransfer
b.WhenGSTTaxMustBePaid
2.ExemptionandExclusions
D.StateEstateandInheritanceTaxes
E.IncomeTaxationofGrantorTrusts
Table of Cases Author Index Index
LISTOFILLUSTRATIONS
Chapter1
Cartoon by Frank Gotham (“Just so you know, I’m taking all this with me intotheafterlife.”)
SirArthurHobhouse(photograph)
TommyManville(photograph)
JudgeRichardA.Posner(photograph)
Boots(photograph)
JusticeHugoL.Black(photograph)
Cartoon by Pat Byrnes (“Researchers say I’m not happier for being richer, butdoyouknowhowmuchresearchersmake?”)
KarlMarx(photograph)
DonaldTrump(photograph)
Cartoon by Barbara Smaller (“Meritocracy worked for my grandfather, it workedformyfather,andit’sworkingforme.”)
CartoonbyPatByrnes(“Howmuchisthatinyearsoftuition?”)
CartoonbyWilliam Hamilton (“It’salittle lessamusingwhenyouhearyour kidscallingit‘thedeathtax.’”)
FranklinDelanoRoosevelt(photograph)
JusticeSandraDayO’Connor(photograph)
MarilynMonroe(photograph)
ArnoldSchwarzenegger(photograph)
ProvisionofRobinWilliams’strustconcerninghisrightofpublicity
Provision of Adam Yauch’s will prohibiting use of his “music or any artistic property”foradvertising
CartoonbyArnieLevin(“Usernameandpassword?”)
Cartoon by Harley Schwadron (“Daddy doesn’t know why birds migrate. Askmeaboutwaystoavoidprobate.”)
Figure1.1:PrivityDefense(2016)
Chapter2
CartoonbyStuRees(“Doyouthinkalotaboutdeath?”)
Prince(photograph)
Cartoon by Dana Fradon (“Bentley, I don’t care if you are my heir apparent.”)
Figure2.1:SummaryoftheUPCIntestacyProvisions
ProfessorLawrenceW.Waggoner(photograph)
Figure2.2:Diagramoffamilypedigree
Figure2.3:Diagramoffamilypedigree
Figure2.4:Diagramoffamilypedigree
Figure2.5:Diagramoffamilypedigree
Figure2.6:Diagramoffamilypedigree
Figure2.7:Diagramoffamilypedigree
Figure2.8:TableofConsanguinity
Figure2.9:Diagramoffamilypedigree
EllaWendel(photograph)
IdaWood(photograph)
HenriettaGarrett(photograph)
TheBradyBunch(photograph)
NinoEspositoandRolandBosee(photograph)
CartoonbyRozChast(“TheCoupleWhoAdoptedanAdultChild”)
DorisDuke(photograph)
JusticeLeahSears(photograph)
KittyOakes(photograph)
DNApaternitytestkit(photograph)
ChiefJusticeMargaretH.Marshall(photograph)
Michayla and Mackenzie Woodward, with their mother Lauren Woodward (photograph)
ChrisandStellaBiblis(photograph)
Dr.SusanLove(photograph)
Cartoon by Paul Noth (“Please read back that last remark in a more murdery voice.”)
Figure2.10:Diagramoffamilypedigree
JusticeRuthBaderGinsburg(photograph)
Chapter3
Figure3.1:ComparisonofStatutoryFormalitiesforFormalWills
Banklobby(photograph)
JusticeMargaretL.Workman(photograph)
Thewindowandparkingspaceatissuein Weber (photograph)
McCabe’ssignaturebymark
ThewillinTaylorv.Holt
JusticeMusmanno(photograph)
ChiefJudgeSolWachtler(photograph)
ProfessorJohnH.Langbein(photograph)
Thesecondpageofthewillin Chastain andtheself-provingaffidavit
DisputedwillofRonaldFerree
Figure3.2:HarmlessErrorRule(2016)
Thefirstthreepagesoftheunattestedjointin Hall
Thelasttwopagesoftheunattestedjointin Hall
LouiseMacool’shandwrittennote
Unsigned“rough”draftofLouiseMacool’snewwill
ProfessorTheodoreW.Dwight(illustration)
Mr.Meeson’sWill(drawing)
Theelectronicwillin Castro 192
Figure3.3:HolographicWills(2016)
ThewillinEstateofHarrisandtheknifeusedtomakethewill(photograph)
ThewillinEstateofGonzalez
ThedonorcardinEstateofSouthworth
ThewillinWilliamsv.Towle
Elizabeth(Pat)ShannonandCharlesKuralt(photograph)
Kuralt’s1989holograph
Kuralt’s1997lettertoShannonfromthehospital
The2003handwrittennoteinMintonv.Minton
The2005willofWayneStoker
StevenWayneStoker(photograph)
BodyHeat(poster)
Thefirstofthetwopagesatissuein Rigsby
Thesecondofthetwopagesatissuein Rigsby
Thereviseddispositionsin Nielson
Cartoon by Barbara Smaller (“If I could pick just one keepsake, I think it wouldbethemutualfunds.”)
ThebottomhalfofthewillinJohnsonv.Johnson
LeoE.Strine,Jr.(photograph)
Thememorandumin Moor
Cartoon by Playboy Magazine (“. . . and to my faithful valet, Sidney, whom Ipromisedtorememberinmywill—‘Hithere,Sidney’—!”)
JusticeCleoElainePowell(photograph)
Chapter4
Cartoon by Frank Modell (“His will reads as follows: ‘Being of sound mind anddisposition,Iblewitall.’”)
EugenBleuler(photograph)
AlicePaul(photograph)
SpicerBreeden’sholographicwill
JusticeMaryT.Sullivan(photograph)
ThedisputedwillofAliceSharis
RobertKaufmann’stownhouseat42East74thStreet(2012)(photograph)
SophieandMaxBlock(photograph)
LeonJaworski(photograph)
Cartoon by Peter Arno (“My goodness! Your dear old uncle seems to have lefteverythingtome.”)
CartoonbyWhitneyDarrow,Jr.(“Andlastbutnotleast...”)
Figure4.1:Ante-MortemProbate(2016)
GeorgeWashington(painting)
FatherDivine(photograph)
CartoonbyWileyMiller(“TheVisionary”)
Chapter5
Page3ofthewillofRuthN.Cole
304HarrisonAvenue(2012)(photograph)
317HarrisonAvenue(2012)(photograph)
ChiefJusticeTaniGorreCantil-Sakauye(photograph)
Thewillatissuein Duke
Cartoon by Robert Mankoff (“What do you mean, ‘Have your lawyer call mylawyer’?...youaremylawyer!”)
ThefrontofThelmaL.Russell’sholographicwill
Therelevantportionofthepetitionforprobatein Russell
Figure5.1:Diagramoffamilypedigree
Figure5.3:Diagramoffamilypedigree
Figure5.2:Diagramoffamilypedigree
Figure5.4:Diagramoffamilypedigree
Figure5.5:Diagramoffamilypedigree
Figure5.6:LapsedDevises:ASummary
Chapter6
