sistema heui

Service Training MALAGA

Large Track Type Tractors

1 ENGINE CONTROL 3400 HEUI 1. Components Layout 2. Operation 3. Testing & Adjusting Adolfo May 1997

Page: 1-2

HIGH PRESSURE OIL MANIFOLD 40 to 210 BAR

High Pressure Oil Pump

Oil Filter

Oil Cooler

LOW PRESSURE 3 BAR

Oil Pump

Oi lS u m p

ECM Vehicle System

Fuel Trans Pump

Fuel Tank

Large Track Type Tractors

Fuel Filter

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

Engine System

HEUI FUEL SYSTEM

Fuel Return Line

Regulator Pressure Control Valve

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI HEUI FUEL SYSTEM

The electronic components in the HEUI fuel system are very similar to those used in other EUI systems.

However, in the HEUI system, the injectors are not actuated by a camshaft

The seven major types of components in the HEUI fuel system are: • Hydraulic Supply Pump Group containing: - High pressure hydraulic pump - Pump control valve - Transfer pump • ECM • Throttle Control • Speed/Timing Sensor • Injector • Temperature Sensor • Pressure Sensor

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1-3

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI INJECTOR COMPONENTS

SPACER

SLEEVE

ARMATURE VALVE SOLENOID

VALVE BODY

SHIM BARREL ADAPTER

PISTON

WASHER UPPER FUEL SEAL

PLUNGER FUEL INLET CHECK VALVE

PIN SLEEVE SPACER LOWER FUEL SEAL CHECK NOZZLE

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1-4

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI INJECTION CYCLE

Page:

1-5

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI POPPET VALVE OPEN

POPPET SPRING

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1-6

ARMATURE SCREW

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI DRAIN CYCLE

Page:

1-7

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI POPPET VALVE CLOSED

POPPET VALVE

SOLENOID

ARMATURE

INLET VALVE SEAT

Page:

1-8

EXHAUST VALVE SEAT

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI NOZZLE GROUP

NOZZLE GROUP

REVERSE FLOW CHECK VALVE

CHECK VALVE FUEL ATOMIZATION

Page:

1-9

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI PRIME RATE SHAPING

CROSS SECTION OF PLUNGER

START OF INJECTION

PRESSURE DROP

FINAL PRESSURE INCREASE

INJECTION RATE

START OF INJECTION

DURATION TIME (MILLISECONDS)

Page:

1-10

END OF INJECTION

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI VENTING INTERNAL LEAKS

INTENSIFIER PISTON INTENSIFIER PISTON SEAL

BARREL

VENTING CHECK VALVE

During the normal injection cycle, the pressure of the oil supplied to the top of the intensifier piston can increase to 22800 kPa (3300 psi). A seal is installed to minimize leakage past the piston.

Some oil which is necessary for lubrication of the intensifier piston may pass the seal and settle momentarily below the piston.

Also, a small amount of fuel may leak past the plunger and barrel. This fuel will settle momentarily in the cavity below the intensifier piston.

If the fluids which accumulate below the piston are not vented, a hydraulic lock could occur. As the piston moves down, the fuel is ejected past the barrel ball check valve to the low pressure inlet. The check valve then closes during the plunger and piston upstroke.

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1-11

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI INJECTOR CHECK VALVES

FUEL INLET CHECK VALVE

BARREL GROUP

NOZZLE GROUP VENTING CHECK VALVE

REVERSE FLOW CHECK VALVE

NOZZLE CHECK VALVE

FUEL ATOMIZATION

The Fuel Inlet Check Valve allows fuel to fill the barrel below the plunger, but closes as the plunger moves down and pressure increases.

The Venting Check Valve vents fluids from below the intensifier piston.

The Reverse Flow Check Valve prevents combustion gasses from flowing back through the injector from the nozzle.

The Nozzle Check Valve controls valve opening pressure by preventing the flow of fuel through the nozzle holes until sufficient pressure is available to lift the valve from its seat

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1-12

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

INJECTION PRESSURE

PRESSURE CONTROL

HEUI

MECHANICALLY ACTUATED FUEL SYSTEM

IDLE

Page:

1-13

ENGINE SPEED

Page: 1-14

TO LUBE SYSTEM

HEUI HYDRAULIC TEMPERATURE SENSOR COLD START OIL RESERVOIR

OIL FILTER

FLUID MANIFOLD HYDRAULIC PASSAGE

OIL PRESSURE SENSOR COOL DOWN CIRCUIT

HYDRAULIC SUPPLY PUMP GROUP

FUEL TEMPERATURE SENSOR

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE SENSOR

OIL COOLER FUEL TRANSFER PUMP

LUBE OIL PUMP

SECONDARY FUEL FILTER

PRIMARY FUEL FILTER WATER SEPARATOR OIL SUMP

FUEL TANK

PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE

Large Track Type Tractors

HEUI ECM

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

PUMP CONTROL VALVE

LOW PRESSURE OIL (HYDR.) SUPPLY

FLUID MANIFOLD HYDRAULIC PASSAGE

Page:

1-15

LUBE OIL PUMP

OIL COOLER

OIL FILTER

TO LUBE SYSTEM

HYDRAULIC SUPPLY PUMP GROUP

COLD START OIL RESERVOIR

OIL SUMP

PUMP CONTROL VALVE

PRIMARY FUEL FILTER WATER SEPARATOR

FUEL TRANSFER PUMP

COOL DOWN CIRCUIT

OIL PRESSURE SENSOR

HYDRAULIC TEMPERATURE SENSOR

ECM

FUEL TANK

SECONDARY FUEL FILTER

HEUI

PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE SENSOR

FLUID MANIFOLD HYDRAULIC PASSAGE

FUEL TEMPERATURE SENSOR

FLUID MANIFOLD HYDRAULIC PASSAGE

HEUI

Large Track Type Tractors

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI HIGH PRESSURE HYDRAULICS

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

TO INJECTORS

SEAT FITTING

VALVE BLOCK

SPRING

CHECK

FROM PUMP

(END VIEW)

SEAT

REVERSE FLOW CHECK VALVE

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1-16

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI REVERSE FLOW CHECK VALVE

The hydraulic supply pump group has two outlet ports, each connected by steel tubes to a hydraulic supply manifold. An integral reverse flow check valve is located in each outlet port.

This view shows that pressure surges travelling back from the injectors toward the pump will cause the check valve to close and block any interference between the banks. In normal operation, the valve will oscillate at high frequency as it blocks the pressure surges.

The valve check fits loosely on the shaft to allow oil flow from the reservoir during the cooling process.

If the check valves were not in the system, pressure surges between the banks would cause erratic operation of the injectors by adversely affecting timing. The pressure surge causes the poppet valves to open prematurely. This condition would start fuel injection earlier than normal, thereby advancing the timing.

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1-18

LUBE OIL PUMP

OIL COOLER

OIL FILTER

TO LUBE SYSTEM

HYDRAULIC SUPPLY PUMP GROUP

COLD START OIL RESERVOIR

OIL SUMP

PUMP CONTROL VALVE

PRIMARY FUEL FILTER WATER SEPARATOR

FUEL TRANSFER PUMP

COOL DOWN CIRCUIT

OIL PRESSURE SENSOR

HYDRAULIC TEMPERATURE SENSOR

ECM

FUEL TANK

SECONDARY FUEL FILTER (2 MICRON)

HEUI

PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE SENSOR

FLUID MANIFOLD HYDRAULIC PASSAGE

FUEL TEMPERATURE SENSOR

FLUID MANIFOLD HYDRAULIC PASSAGE

HEUI

Large Track Type Tractors

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

LOW PRESSURE FUEL SUPPLY

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI LOW PRESSURE FUEL SUPPLY

On a HEUI equipped engine, the lubrication pump has two functions: 1. Provides lubrication to the engine 2. Provides low pressure charge oil to the HEUI hydraulic pump The engine lubrication pump has been enlarged to provide the required increase in flow.

During normal operation conditions, oil is pressurized between 5000 and 21500 kPa (725 and 3100 psi) by the high pressure hydraulic pump to actuate the injectors.

The pressure regulating valve regulates fuel pressure between 310 and 415 kPa (45 and 60 psi).

The ratio of fuel between combustion and fuel return to the tank is about 1:3 (i.e. four times the volume required for combustion is supplied to the system for combustion and injector cooling purposes).

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1-19

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HIGH PRESSURE HYDRAULIC OIL INJECTOR OIL ADAPTER

INJECTOR CLAMP JUMPER TUBE

ROCKER ARM BASE INJECTOR LUBE OIL PASSAGE HIGH PRESSURE HYDRAULIC PASSAGE

LOW PRESSURE FUEL SUPPLY

COOLANT CYLINDER BLOCK METAL WASHER

Large Track Type Tractors

CYLINDER HEAD

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

CYLINDER HEAD INJECTOR SLEEVE

INJECTOR FLUID FLOW

FLUID SUPPLY MANIFOLD

Page: 1-21

INJECTOR UPPER INJECTOR O-RING SEAL

UPPER SLEEVE O-RING SEAL CYLINDER HEAD INJECTOR SLEEVE

FLUID SUPPLY MANIFOLD

LOWER INJECTOR O-RING SEAL

METAL-TO- METAL CONTACT

Large Track Type Tractors

CYLINDER HEAD

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

LOW PRESSURE FUEL SUPPLY

INJECTOR FUEL SUPPLY

LOWER SLEEVE O-RING SEAL

Page: 1-22

PRIMING PORT

ORIFICE DRAIN PASSAGE

COMPENSATOR VALVE

VALVE BASE TRANSFER PUMP

RESERVOIR

Large Track Type Tractors

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

HEUI PUMP

SWASHPLATE

Page: 1-23

TO LUBE SYSTEM

COLD START RESERVIOR

TO LEFT OIL MANIFOLD DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON

CHECK VALVE SUPPLY PUMP

PUMP CASE DRAIN

Large Track Type Tractors

PUMP CONTROL VALVE

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

LOAD SENSING SPOOL

PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL

START-UP

SOLENOID (ENERGIZED)

OIL SUMP

TO RIGHT OIL MANIFOLD

Page:

PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL

1-24

ORIFICE PUMP CONTROL VALVE

LOAD SENSING SPOOL

CHECK VALVE

FROM DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON

REVERSE FLOW CHECK VALVES

Large Track Type Tractors

TO CASE DRAIN

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

TO CASE DRAIN

START-UP

DRAIN ORIFICE

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI START-UP

The displacement of the pump is controlled to maintain the desired operating pressure at the flow rate required by the injectors. The displacement is regulated by an electro-hydraulic control.

Displacement of the pump is varied by pivoting the swashplate from 0 degrees to a maximum angle of 15.5 degrees. When the engine is not running, the swashplate is at the maximum angle. During operation, the displacement control piston adjusts the swashplate position to meet the system flow demand.

During initial cranking, the swashplate is at full displacement until the supply pressure increases to 6200 kPa (900 psi). The spring at the end of the load sensing spool regulates this pressure. Then, the specification programmed into the ECM for normal cranking will override this pressure. Until this point, the control valve solenoid is fully energized for the pressure increase.

During START-UP, pressure from the pump enters the compensator assembly. The Pump Control Valve is energized for quick pressure build-up.

Pressure is felt at both ends of the Load Sensing Spool. The spool is shifted to the right and oil from the Displacement Control Piston is vented to case drain. The swashplate is at maximum angle.

The drain orifice below the Pump Control Valve provides a small amount of restriction to improve valve stability

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TO LUBE SYSTEM

COLD START RESERVIOR

TO LEFT OIL MANIFOLD DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON

CHECK VALVE SUPPLY PUMP

PUMP CASE DRAIN

Large Track Type Tractors

PUMP CONTROL VALVE

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

LOAD SENSING SPOOL

PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL

DESTROKE

SOLENOID (DE-ENERGIZED)

OIL SUMP

TO RIGHT OIL MANIFOLD

Page: 1-27

PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL

ORIFICE

PUMP CONTROL VALVE

LOAD SENSING SPOOL

TO CASE DRAIN

Large Track Type Tractors

DRAIN ORIFICE

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

TO DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON

DESTROKE

CHECK VALVE

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI DESTROKE

After the engine starts and pressure increases, the ECM will signal the control valve to match the actual with the desired pressure by momentarily de-energizing and then regulating the current flow to the pump control valve solenoid.

The decrease in current applied to the pump control valve solenoid lowers the pressure required to initiate flow through the pump control valve. This lower cracking pressure on the pump control valve creates a force imbalance on the load sensing spool, causing the spool to move toward the spring end of the compensator. This spool motion connects the displacement control piston to pump output flow, allowing the swashplate to decrease the displacement of the pump. The decreased displacement lowers the pump output to the pressure level required by the ECM.

During DESTROKE, the ECM momentarily de-energizes the Pump Control Valve causing a pressure drop in the spring chamber of the Load Sensing Spool.

Unbalanced pressures force the spool to the left, allowing the oil to enter the Displacement Control Piston and move the swashplate toward minimum angle.

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TO LUBE SYSTEM

COLD START RESERVIOR

TO LEFT OIL MANIFOLD DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON

CHECK VALVE SUPPLY PUMP

PUMP CONTROL VALVE

Large Track Type Tractors

OIL SUMP

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

LOAD SENSING SPOOL

PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL

UPSTROKE

SOLENOID (ENERGIZED)

PUMP CASE DRAIN

TO RIGHT OIL MANIFOLD

Page: 1-30

PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL

ORIFICE PUMP CONTROL VALVE

LOAD SENSING SPOOL

Large Track Type Tractors

TO CASE DRAIN

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

DRAIN ORIFICE

FROM DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON

UPSTROKE

CHECK VALVE

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI UPSTROKE

As the load on the engine increases and higher pressure is required, the ECM will signal the control valve to increase pressure by increasing the current flow to the pump control valve solenoid.

The increase in current applied to the pump control valve solenoid raises the pressure setting of the pump control valve. This higher pressure at the pump control valve creates a force imbalance on the load sensing spool, causing the spool to move toward the supply signal line end of the compensator.

This spool motion vents the displacement control piston to case drain, allowing the spring to move the swashplate to increase the displacement of the pump. The increased displacement raises the pump output to the desired pressure level required by the ECM.

As the load is applied to the engine, the ECM increases current to the Pump Control Valve.

Pressure is felt at both ends of the Load Sensing Spool. The spool moves to the right (due to spring force) and oil from the Displacement Control Piston is vented to case drain, which allows the swashplate to momentarily go to maximum angle and build pressure quickly.

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TO LUBE SYSTEM

COLD START RESERVIOR

TO LEFT OIL MANIFOLD DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON

PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL

SUPPLY PUMP

OIL SUMP PUMP CONTROL VALVE

Large Track Type Tractors

PLUGGED ORIFICE

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

LOAD SENSING SPOOL

PRESSURE LIMITER OPERATION

SOLENOID (DE-ENERGIZED)

PUMP CASE DRAIN

TO RIGHT OIL MANIFOLD

Page: 1-33

PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL PUMP CONTROL VALVE

ORIFICE

RESTRICTION LOAD SENSING SPOOL

TO CASE DRAIN

Large Track Type Tractors

DRAIN ORIFICE

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

TO DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON

PRESSURE LIMITER OPERATION

CHECK VALVE

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI PRESSURE LIMITER OPERATION

If the load sensing spool or pump control valve sticks or otherwise malfunctions to create higher than desired operating pressures, the maximum pressure limiter spool is utilized. In this schematic, a plugged orifice is simulated. (This example represents an actual condition which was caused by debris being introduced during a field replacement of the compensator valve.)

The Pressure Limiter Spool directs pump outlet flow to the displacement control piston and reduces the stroke of the pump if the system pressure exceeds 25600 kPa (3700 psi).

During these conditions, the pump will develop 24800 to 25600 kPa (3600 to 3700 psi) maximum pressure, regardless of the desired hydraulic pressure. The Check Engine Lamp will be ON, indicating a fault.

A Pump Control Valve Test will verify the control valve operation. This test enables the technician to manually ramp the pressure up and down using the ET service tool. This procedure will also be useful when evaluating the condition of the hydraulic system.

If the supply pressure exceeds 25600 kPa (3700 psi), the force acts on the Pressure Limiter Spool and shifts it to the left. This movement compresses the spring and allows oil to unseat the check valve and pressurize the displacement control piston. The swashplate moves to minimum angle to decrease flow and limit system pressure.

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NO CURRENT FLOW COIL ASSEMBLY

POPPET VALVE

ADAPTER SEAL

FROM LOAD SENSING SPOOL VALVE

SEAT CAGE

EDGE FILTER STOP

STATOR

PIN

SHELL

RING

SPRING RETAINER

Large Track Type Tractors

SOLENOID

TO CASE DRAIN

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

PUMP CONTROL VALVE

ARMATURE

VALVE BLOCK

Page: 1-36

HIGH CURRENT FLOW COIL ASSEMBLY

POPPET VALVE

ADAPTER SEAL

FROM LOAD SENSING SPOOL VALVE

SEAT CAGE

EDGE FILTER

STOP

STATOR

PIN

SHELL

TO CASE DRAIN

SPRING RETAINER

Large Track Type Tractors

SOLENOID

VALVE BLOCK

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

PUMP CONTROL VALVE

ARMATURE

RING

Page: 1-37

8 OR 12 INJECTORS

ADEM II ELECTRONIC CONTROL MODULE (ECM)

ENGINE HARNESS

MACHINE HARNESS

GROUND BOLT 15 AMP BREAKER

DISCONNECT SWITCH

MAIN KEY POWER RELAY SWITCH

24 V

PUMP CONTROL VALVE MACHINE INTERFACE CONNECTOR

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE SENSOR PRIMARY SPEED/TIMING SENSOR

TDC SERVICE PROBE ACCESS

THROTTLE SENSOR

ACCELERATOR PEDAL

FAN CONTROL VALVE TURBO OUTLET PRESS. SENSOR FAN SPEED SENSOR FAN

ATMOSPHERIC PRESS. SENSOR CAT DATA LINK OIL PRESSURE SENSOR

ELECTRONIC SERVICE TOOL EPTC II TRANSMISSION CONTROL

HYDRAULIC TEMP. SENSOR

AUTO RETARDER CONTROL

FUEL TEMPERATURE SENSOR COOLANT FLOW SWITCH

INSTRUMENT PANEL

Large Track Type Tractors

TURBO INLET PRESSURE SENSOR

COOLANT TEMP. SENSOR

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

THROTTLE BACK-UP, ELEVATED LOW IDLE ENABLE, AND GROUND LEVEL SHUTDOWN (2) SWITCHES

COMPONENTS DIAGRAM

SECONDARY SPEED/TIMING SENSOR

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI SENSORS - ANALOG & DIGITAL

ANALOG SENSORS - HYDRAULIC PRESSURE - COOLANT TEMPERATURE - ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE - TURBOCHARGER INLET PRESSURE - TURBOCHARGER OUTLET PRESSURE - LUB. OIL PRESSURE - HYDRAULIC TEMPERATURE - FUEL TEMPERATURE

DIGITAL SENSORS - THROTTLE POSITION - PUMP CONTROL VALVE SIGNAL - EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (not installed on machine engines at this time)

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Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI SYSTEM POWER SUPPLIES

The HEUI system has six power supplies with various voltages as shown.

EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY ECM power supply

24 Volts

INTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES Speed/Timing Sensor power supply

12.5 Volts

Injector power supply

105 Volts

Analog Sensor power supply

5 Volts

Digital Sensor power supply

8 Volts

Pump Control Valve power supply

0 to 24 Volts

The power supply to the ECM and the system is drawn from the 24-Volt machine battery. The principle components in this circuit are: - Battery - Key Start Switch - Main Power Relay - 15 Amp Breaker - Ground Bolt - ECM Connector (P1/JI) - Machine Interface Connector (J3/P3) If the supply voltage exceeds 32.5 Volts or is less than 9.0 Volts, a diagnostic code is logged. (See the Troubleshooting Guide for complete details on voltage event logging.)

NOTE: The ground bolt is the only power supply component mounted on the engine.

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Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI LOGGED EVENTS

Logged events are abnormal to the operation of the engine (for example: high temperature, low pressure or excessive engine speed). These conditions would not normally be caused by an electronic problem.

Some of the parameters listed in this presentation are used in the ET events list. They are: - High coolant temperature above 107째C (225째F) - Loss of coolant flow - Low (lubrication) oil pressure (according to the oil pressure map) - Abnormal injection actuation hydraulic pressure (low or high) - Injection actuation pressure system fault - User defined shutdown (if installed) - Air inlet restriction (if installed) - Engine overspeed histogram - Low fuel pressure (industrial engine only)

Events are not logged if an electronic fault is detected.

Passwords are required to clear events. This process would normally be performed during an engine overhaul. At other times, the events would be left as a record of the engine history prior to overhaul time.

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Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI SYSTEM LIMITS & DERATE

FUEL SYSTEM LIMITS

MAXIMUM HORSEPOWER TORQUE LIMIT ( Determines torque rise characteristics) FUEL RATIO CONTROL ( Limits fuel until sufficient boost ) COLD MODE ( Limits fuel to control white smoke ) CRANKING FUEL ( Limits fuel during cranking )

FUEL SYSTEM SYSTEM DERATES DERATES FUEL AUTOMATIC ALTITUDE COMPENSATION AUTOMATIC ALTITUDE COMPENSATION ( Altitude derate) ( Altitude derate)

AUTOMATICFILTER FILTERCOMPENSATION COMPENSATION AUTOMATIC

( Derateforforairairfilter filterrestriction restrictionif ifinstalled insatalled ( Derate ) At 6.25 kPa (30 inc of water) the engine will derate 2% of its powerDERATE per 1 kPa until a maxi 20% ENGINE WARNING Event is logged if exeeds 30 inch of water ) ( Derates for LOW OIL PRESSURE, HIGH COOLANT TEMP not install in HEUI at the time)

ENGINE WARNING DERATE

( Derates for LOW OIL PRESSURE , HIGH COOLANT TEMP not installed yet on HEUI)

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REF

TDC SECONDARY SPEED/TIMING SENSOR

REF

TDC

4

SINGLE 50/50 TOOTH TDC CYLINDER No. 1

8

3

PRIMARY SPEED/TIMING SENSOR

REF TDC REF

TIMING WHEEL ROTATION

TDC

REF 2

5

7

TDC REF

REF TDC

Large Track Type Tractors

REF

TDC

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

6

TIMING CALIBRATION RANGE ± 10°

TIMING WHEEL

1

Page: 1-43

TIMING GEAR TOOTH TABLE TABLE PWM DUTY CYLINDER CYCLE ENTRY REFERENCE

B

80/20 %

80/20 %

80/20 %

80/20 %

C

D

E

F

TIMING WHEEL ROTATION

80/20 %

G

50/50%

H

Large Track Type Tractors

A

NONE IDENTIFIED

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

80/20 %

80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 50 %

CRANKING

A B C D E F G H

Page: 1-44

TIMING GEAR TOOTH TABLE TABLE PWM DUTY CYLINDER REFERENCE ENTRY CYCLE 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 50 %

A B C D E F G H

NO CYL NO. 3 NO NO CYL NO. 4 NO NO CYL NO. 8

CYL NO. 3 REFERENCE EDGE

C

D

CYL NO. 3 TDC

E

CYL NO. 4 REFERENCE EDGE

F

G

CYL NO. 4 TDC

H

CYL NO. 8 REFERENCE EDGE

Large Track Type Tractors

B

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

A

AFTER PATTERN RECOGNITION

TIMING WHEEL ROTATION

Page: 1-45

TIMING GEAR TOOTH TABLE TABLE PWM DUTY CYLINDER ENTRY CYCLE REFERENCE 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 50 %

A B C D E F G H

NO CYL NO. 3 NO NO CYL NO. 4 NO NO CYL NO. 8 TIMING WHEEL ROTATION

D

E

62째 BTDC (EEPROM)

DES TIMING DELAY

NO. 3 INJECTION

ASSUMED TDC CYL NO. 3 (REFERENCE)

G

62째 BTDC (EEPROM)

DES TIMING DELAY

F

CYL NO. 3 ACTUAL TDC (CALIBRATED)

CYL NO. 4 (REFERENCE)

NO. 4 INJECTION

ASSUMED TDC CYL NO. 4 ACTUAL TDC (CALIBRATED)

H

Large Track Type Tractors

C

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

B

NORMAL OPERATION

A

Page: 1-46

TIMING WHEEL

REFERENCE EDGE TO TDC DISTANCE

TIMING CALIBRATION SENSOR SIGNAL

+10° ± 10°

MAXIMUM TIMING REFERENCE OFFSET ± 10 DEGREES

TIMING REFERENCE OFFSET

Large Track Type Tractors

-10°

ACTUAL CYL. NO. 1 TDC

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

ASSUMED CYL. NO. 1 TDC

TIMING CALIBRATION

REFERENCE EDGE

1-47

Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

HOLD-IN PEAK CURRENT

0

1

2

3

TIME (MILLISECONDS)

4

5

INJECTION CURRENT WAVEFORM

PULL-IN PEAK CURRENT CURRENT FLOW Page:

ONE CYCLE

1-48

CURRENT

Large Track Type Tractors

TIME (MILLISECONDS)

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

0

1

2

3

4

5

POPPET VALVE MOVEMENT

CURRENT FLOW Page:

POPPET LIFT

Page: 1-49

INJECTION RATE

CURRENT FLOW

POPPET LIFT

CURRENT

START OF INJECTION

2

3

TIME (MILLISECONDS)

4

5 END OF INJECTION

Large Track Type Tractors

1

CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI

0

WAVEFORM & RESP. CHARACTERISTICS

DURATION