Service Training MALAGA
Large Track Type Tractors
1 ENGINE CONTROL 3400 HEUI 1. Components Layout 2. Operation 3. Testing & Adjusting Adolfo May 1997
Page: 1-2
HIGH PRESSURE OIL MANIFOLD 40 to 210 BAR
High Pressure Oil Pump
Oil Filter
Oil Cooler
LOW PRESSURE 3 BAR
Oil Pump
Oi lS u m p
ECM Vehicle System
Fuel Trans Pump
Fuel Tank
Large Track Type Tractors
Fuel Filter
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
Engine System
HEUI FUEL SYSTEM
Fuel Return Line
Regulator Pressure Control Valve
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI HEUI FUEL SYSTEM
The electronic components in the HEUI fuel system are very similar to those used in other EUI systems. However, in the HEUI system, the injectors are not actuated by a camshaft
The seven major types of components in the HEUI fuel system are: • Hydraulic Supply Pump Group containing: - High pressure hydraulic pump - Pump control valve - Transfer pump • ECM • Throttle Control • Speed/Timing Sensor • Injector • Temperature Sensor • Pressure Sensor
Page:
1-3
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI INJECTOR COMPONENTS
SPACER
SLEEVE
ARMATURE VALVE SOLENOID
VALVE BODY
SHIM BARREL ADAPTER
PISTON
WASHER UPPER FUEL SEAL
PLUNGER FUEL INLET CHECK VALVE
PIN SLEEVE SPACER LOWER FUEL SEAL CHECK NOZZLE
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1-4
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI INJECTION CYCLE
Page:
1-5
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI POPPET VALVE OPEN
POPPET SPRING
Page:
1-6
ARMATURE SCREW
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI DRAIN CYCLE
Page:
1-7
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI POPPET VALVE CLOSED
POPPET VALVE
SOLENOID
ARMATURE
INLET VALVE SEAT
Page:
1-8
EXHAUST VALVE SEAT
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI NOZZLE GROUP
NOZZLE GROUP
REVERSE FLOW CHECK VALVE
CHECK VALVE FUEL ATOMIZATION
Page:
1-9
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI PRIME RATE SHAPING
CROSS SECTION OF PLUNGER
START OF INJECTION
PRESSURE DROP
FINAL PRESSURE INCREASE
INJECTION RATE
START OF INJECTION
DURATION TIME (MILLISECONDS)
Page:
1-10
END OF INJECTION
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI VENTING INTERNAL LEAKS
INTENSIFIER PISTON INTENSIFIER PISTON SEAL
BARREL
VENTING CHECK VALVE
During the normal injection cycle, the pressure of the oil supplied to the top of the intensifier piston can increase to 22800 kPa (3300 psi). A seal is installed to minimize leakage past the piston. Some oil which is necessary for lubrication of the intensifier piston may pass the seal and settle momentarily below the piston. Also, a small amount of fuel may leak past the plunger and barrel. This fuel will settle momentarily in the cavity below the intensifier piston. If the fluids which accumulate below the piston are not vented, a hydraulic lock could occur. As the piston moves down, the fuel is ejected past the barrel ball check valve to the low pressure inlet. The check valve then closes during the plunger and piston upstroke.
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1-11
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI INJECTOR CHECK VALVES
FUEL INLET CHECK VALVE
BARREL GROUP
NOZZLE GROUP VENTING CHECK VALVE
REVERSE FLOW CHECK VALVE
NOZZLE CHECK VALVE
FUEL ATOMIZATION
The Fuel Inlet Check Valve allows fuel to fill the barrel below the plunger, but closes as the plunger moves down and pressure increases. The Venting Check Valve vents fluids from below the intensifier piston. The Reverse Flow Check Valve prevents combustion gasses from flowing back through the injector from the nozzle. The Nozzle Check Valve controls valve opening pressure by preventing the flow of fuel through the nozzle holes until sufficient pressure is available to lift the valve from its seat
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1-12
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
INJECTION PRESSURE
PRESSURE CONTROL
HEUI
MECHANICALLY ACTUATED FUEL SYSTEM
IDLE
Page:
1-13
ENGINE SPEED
Page: 1-14
TO LUBE SYSTEM
HEUI HYDRAULIC TEMPERATURE SENSOR COLD START OIL RESERVOIR
OIL FILTER
FLUID MANIFOLD HYDRAULIC PASSAGE
OIL PRESSURE SENSOR COOL DOWN CIRCUIT
HYDRAULIC SUPPLY PUMP GROUP
FUEL TEMPERATURE SENSOR
HYDRAULIC PRESSURE SENSOR
OIL COOLER FUEL TRANSFER PUMP
LUBE OIL PUMP
SECONDARY FUEL FILTER
PRIMARY FUEL FILTER WATER SEPARATOR OIL SUMP
FUEL TANK
PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE
Large Track Type Tractors
HEUI ECM
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
PUMP CONTROL VALVE
LOW PRESSURE OIL (HYDR.) SUPPLY
FLUID MANIFOLD HYDRAULIC PASSAGE
Page:
1-15
LUBE OIL PUMP
OIL COOLER
OIL FILTER
TO LUBE SYSTEM
HYDRAULIC SUPPLY PUMP GROUP
COLD START OIL RESERVOIR
OIL SUMP
PUMP CONTROL VALVE
PRIMARY FUEL FILTER WATER SEPARATOR
FUEL TRANSFER PUMP
COOL DOWN CIRCUIT
OIL PRESSURE SENSOR
HYDRAULIC TEMPERATURE SENSOR
ECM
FUEL TANK
SECONDARY FUEL FILTER
HEUI
PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE
HYDRAULIC PRESSURE SENSOR
FLUID MANIFOLD HYDRAULIC PASSAGE
FUEL TEMPERATURE SENSOR
FLUID MANIFOLD HYDRAULIC PASSAGE
HEUI
Large Track Type Tractors
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI HIGH PRESSURE HYDRAULICS
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
TO INJECTORS
SEAT FITTING
VALVE BLOCK
SPRING
CHECK
FROM PUMP
(END VIEW)
SEAT
REVERSE FLOW CHECK VALVE
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1-16
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI REVERSE FLOW CHECK VALVE
The hydraulic supply pump group has two outlet ports, each connected by steel tubes to a hydraulic supply manifold. An integral reverse flow check valve is located in each outlet port. This view shows that pressure surges travelling back from the injectors toward the pump will cause the check valve to close and block any interference between the banks. In normal operation, the valve will oscillate at high frequency as it blocks the pressure surges. The valve check fits loosely on the shaft to allow oil flow from the reservoir during the cooling process. If the check valves were not in the system, pressure surges between the banks would cause erratic operation of the injectors by adversely affecting timing. The pressure surge causes the poppet valves to open prematurely. This condition would start fuel injection earlier than normal, thereby advancing the timing.
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1-17
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1-18
LUBE OIL PUMP
OIL COOLER
OIL FILTER
TO LUBE SYSTEM
HYDRAULIC SUPPLY PUMP GROUP
COLD START OIL RESERVOIR
OIL SUMP
PUMP CONTROL VALVE
PRIMARY FUEL FILTER WATER SEPARATOR
FUEL TRANSFER PUMP
COOL DOWN CIRCUIT
OIL PRESSURE SENSOR
HYDRAULIC TEMPERATURE SENSOR
ECM
FUEL TANK
SECONDARY FUEL FILTER (2 MICRON)
HEUI
PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE
HYDRAULIC PRESSURE SENSOR
FLUID MANIFOLD HYDRAULIC PASSAGE
FUEL TEMPERATURE SENSOR
FLUID MANIFOLD HYDRAULIC PASSAGE
HEUI
Large Track Type Tractors
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
LOW PRESSURE FUEL SUPPLY
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI LOW PRESSURE FUEL SUPPLY
On a HEUI equipped engine, the lubrication pump has two functions: 1. Provides lubrication to the engine 2. Provides low pressure charge oil to the HEUI hydraulic pump The engine lubrication pump has been enlarged to provide the required increase in flow.
During normal operation conditions, oil is pressurized between 5000 and 21500 kPa (725 and 3100 psi) by the high pressure hydraulic pump to actuate the injectors.
The pressure regulating valve regulates fuel pressure between 310 and 415 kPa (45 and 60 psi). The ratio of fuel between combustion and fuel return to the tank is about 1:3 (i.e. four times the volume required for combustion is supplied to the system for combustion and injector cooling purposes).
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1-19
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HIGH PRESSURE HYDRAULIC OIL INJECTOR OIL ADAPTER
INJECTOR CLAMP JUMPER TUBE
ROCKER ARM BASE INJECTOR LUBE OIL PASSAGE HIGH PRESSURE HYDRAULIC PASSAGE
LOW PRESSURE FUEL SUPPLY
COOLANT CYLINDER BLOCK METAL WASHER
Large Track Type Tractors
CYLINDER HEAD
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
CYLINDER HEAD INJECTOR SLEEVE
INJECTOR FLUID FLOW
FLUID SUPPLY MANIFOLD
Page: 1-21
INJECTOR UPPER INJECTOR O-RING SEAL
UPPER SLEEVE O-RING SEAL CYLINDER HEAD INJECTOR SLEEVE
FLUID SUPPLY MANIFOLD
LOWER INJECTOR O-RING SEAL
METAL-TO- METAL CONTACT
Large Track Type Tractors
CYLINDER HEAD
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
LOW PRESSURE FUEL SUPPLY
INJECTOR FUEL SUPPLY
LOWER SLEEVE O-RING SEAL
Page: 1-22
PRIMING PORT
ORIFICE DRAIN PASSAGE
COMPENSATOR VALVE
VALVE BASE TRANSFER PUMP
RESERVOIR
Large Track Type Tractors
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
HEUI PUMP
SWASHPLATE
Page: 1-23
TO LUBE SYSTEM
COLD START RESERVIOR
TO LEFT OIL MANIFOLD DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON
CHECK VALVE SUPPLY PUMP
PUMP CASE DRAIN
Large Track Type Tractors
PUMP CONTROL VALVE
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
LOAD SENSING SPOOL
PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL
START-UP
SOLENOID (ENERGIZED)
OIL SUMP
TO RIGHT OIL MANIFOLD
Page:
PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL
1-24
ORIFICE PUMP CONTROL VALVE
LOAD SENSING SPOOL
CHECK VALVE
FROM DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON
REVERSE FLOW CHECK VALVES
Large Track Type Tractors
TO CASE DRAIN
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
TO CASE DRAIN
START-UP
DRAIN ORIFICE
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI START-UP
The displacement of the pump is controlled to maintain the desired operating pressure at the flow rate required by the injectors. The displacement is regulated by an electro-hydraulic control. Displacement of the pump is varied by pivoting the swashplate from 0 degrees to a maximum angle of 15.5 degrees. When the engine is not running, the swashplate is at the maximum angle. During operation, the displacement control piston adjusts the swashplate position to meet the system flow demand. During initial cranking, the swashplate is at full displacement until the supply pressure increases to 6200 kPa (900 psi). The spring at the end of the load sensing spool regulates this pressure. Then, the specification programmed into the ECM for normal cranking will override this pressure. Until this point, the control valve solenoid is fully energized for the pressure increase.
During START-UP, pressure from the pump enters the compensator assembly. The Pump Control Valve is energized for quick pressure build-up. Pressure is felt at both ends of the Load Sensing Spool. The spool is shifted to the right and oil from the Displacement Control Piston is vented to case drain. The swashplate is at maximum angle. The drain orifice below the Pump Control Valve provides a small amount of restriction to improve valve stability
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1-25
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TO LUBE SYSTEM
COLD START RESERVIOR
TO LEFT OIL MANIFOLD DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON
CHECK VALVE SUPPLY PUMP
PUMP CASE DRAIN
Large Track Type Tractors
PUMP CONTROL VALVE
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
LOAD SENSING SPOOL
PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL
DESTROKE
SOLENOID (DE-ENERGIZED)
OIL SUMP
TO RIGHT OIL MANIFOLD
Page: 1-27
PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL
ORIFICE
PUMP CONTROL VALVE
LOAD SENSING SPOOL
TO CASE DRAIN
Large Track Type Tractors
DRAIN ORIFICE
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
TO DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON
DESTROKE
CHECK VALVE
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI DESTROKE
After the engine starts and pressure increases, the ECM will signal the control valve to match the actual with the desired pressure by momentarily de-energizing and then regulating the current flow to the pump control valve solenoid. The decrease in current applied to the pump control valve solenoid lowers the pressure required to initiate flow through the pump control valve. This lower cracking pressure on the pump control valve creates a force imbalance on the load sensing spool, causing the spool to move toward the spring end of the compensator. This spool motion connects the displacement control piston to pump output flow, allowing the swashplate to decrease the displacement of the pump. The decreased displacement lowers the pump output to the pressure level required by the ECM.
During DESTROKE, the ECM momentarily de-energizes the Pump Control Valve causing a pressure drop in the spring chamber of the Load Sensing Spool. Unbalanced pressures force the spool to the left, allowing the oil to enter the Displacement Control Piston and move the swashplate toward minimum angle.
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1-28
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TO LUBE SYSTEM
COLD START RESERVIOR
TO LEFT OIL MANIFOLD DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON
CHECK VALVE SUPPLY PUMP
PUMP CONTROL VALVE
Large Track Type Tractors
OIL SUMP
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
LOAD SENSING SPOOL
PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL
UPSTROKE
SOLENOID (ENERGIZED)
PUMP CASE DRAIN
TO RIGHT OIL MANIFOLD
Page: 1-30
PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL
ORIFICE PUMP CONTROL VALVE
LOAD SENSING SPOOL
Large Track Type Tractors
TO CASE DRAIN
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
DRAIN ORIFICE
FROM DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON
UPSTROKE
CHECK VALVE
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI UPSTROKE
As the load on the engine increases and higher pressure is required, the ECM will signal the control valve to increase pressure by increasing the current flow to the pump control valve solenoid. The increase in current applied to the pump control valve solenoid raises the pressure setting of the pump control valve. This higher pressure at the pump control valve creates a force imbalance on the load sensing spool, causing the spool to move toward the supply signal line end of the compensator. This spool motion vents the displacement control piston to case drain, allowing the spring to move the swashplate to increase the displacement of the pump. The increased displacement raises the pump output to the desired pressure level required by the ECM.
As the load is applied to the engine, the ECM increases current to the Pump Control Valve. Pressure is felt at both ends of the Load Sensing Spool. The spool moves to the right (due to spring force) and oil from the Displacement Control Piston is vented to case drain, which allows the swashplate to momentarily go to maximum angle and build pressure quickly.
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1-31
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TO LUBE SYSTEM
COLD START RESERVIOR
TO LEFT OIL MANIFOLD DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON
PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL
SUPPLY PUMP
OIL SUMP PUMP CONTROL VALVE
Large Track Type Tractors
PLUGGED ORIFICE
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
LOAD SENSING SPOOL
PRESSURE LIMITER OPERATION
SOLENOID (DE-ENERGIZED)
PUMP CASE DRAIN
TO RIGHT OIL MANIFOLD
Page: 1-33
PRESSURE LIMITER SPOOL PUMP CONTROL VALVE
ORIFICE
RESTRICTION LOAD SENSING SPOOL
TO CASE DRAIN
Large Track Type Tractors
DRAIN ORIFICE
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
TO DISPLACEMENT CONTROL PISTON
PRESSURE LIMITER OPERATION
CHECK VALVE
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI PRESSURE LIMITER OPERATION
If the load sensing spool or pump control valve sticks or otherwise malfunctions to create higher than desired operating pressures, the maximum pressure limiter spool is utilized. In this schematic, a plugged orifice is simulated. (This example represents an actual condition which was caused by debris being introduced during a field replacement of the compensator valve.) The Pressure Limiter Spool directs pump outlet flow to the displacement control piston and reduces the stroke of the pump if the system pressure exceeds 25600 kPa (3700 psi). During these conditions, the pump will develop 24800 to 25600 kPa (3600 to 3700 psi) maximum pressure, regardless of the desired hydraulic pressure. The Check Engine Lamp will be ON, indicating a fault. A Pump Control Valve Test will verify the control valve operation. This test enables the technician to manually ramp the pressure up and down using the ET service tool. This procedure will also be useful when evaluating the condition of the hydraulic system.
If the supply pressure exceeds 25600 kPa (3700 psi), the force acts on the Pressure Limiter Spool and shifts it to the left. This movement compresses the spring and allows oil to unseat the check valve and pressurize the displacement control piston. The swashplate moves to minimum angle to decrease flow and limit system pressure.
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1-34
Page: 1-35
NO CURRENT FLOW COIL ASSEMBLY
POPPET VALVE
ADAPTER SEAL
FROM LOAD SENSING SPOOL VALVE
SEAT CAGE
EDGE FILTER STOP
STATOR
PIN
SHELL
RING
SPRING RETAINER
Large Track Type Tractors
SOLENOID
TO CASE DRAIN
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
PUMP CONTROL VALVE
ARMATURE
VALVE BLOCK
Page: 1-36
HIGH CURRENT FLOW COIL ASSEMBLY
POPPET VALVE
ADAPTER SEAL
FROM LOAD SENSING SPOOL VALVE
SEAT CAGE
EDGE FILTER
STOP
STATOR
PIN
SHELL
TO CASE DRAIN
SPRING RETAINER
Large Track Type Tractors
SOLENOID
VALVE BLOCK
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
PUMP CONTROL VALVE
ARMATURE
RING
Page: 1-37
8 OR 12 INJECTORS
ADEM II ELECTRONIC CONTROL MODULE (ECM)
ENGINE HARNESS
MACHINE HARNESS
GROUND BOLT 15 AMP BREAKER
DISCONNECT SWITCH
MAIN KEY POWER RELAY SWITCH
24 V
PUMP CONTROL VALVE MACHINE INTERFACE CONNECTOR
HYDRAULIC PRESSURE SENSOR PRIMARY SPEED/TIMING SENSOR
TDC SERVICE PROBE ACCESS
THROTTLE SENSOR
ACCELERATOR PEDAL
FAN CONTROL VALVE TURBO OUTLET PRESS. SENSOR FAN SPEED SENSOR FAN
ATMOSPHERIC PRESS. SENSOR CAT DATA LINK OIL PRESSURE SENSOR
ELECTRONIC SERVICE TOOL EPTC II TRANSMISSION CONTROL
HYDRAULIC TEMP. SENSOR
AUTO RETARDER CONTROL
FUEL TEMPERATURE SENSOR COOLANT FLOW SWITCH
INSTRUMENT PANEL
Large Track Type Tractors
TURBO INLET PRESSURE SENSOR
COOLANT TEMP. SENSOR
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
THROTTLE BACK-UP, ELEVATED LOW IDLE ENABLE, AND GROUND LEVEL SHUTDOWN (2) SWITCHES
COMPONENTS DIAGRAM
SECONDARY SPEED/TIMING SENSOR
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI SENSORS - ANALOG & DIGITAL
ANALOG SENSORS - HYDRAULIC PRESSURE - COOLANT TEMPERATURE - ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE - TURBOCHARGER INLET PRESSURE - TURBOCHARGER OUTLET PRESSURE - LUB. OIL PRESSURE - HYDRAULIC TEMPERATURE - FUEL TEMPERATURE
DIGITAL SENSORS - THROTTLE POSITION - PUMP CONTROL VALVE SIGNAL - EXHAUST TEMPERATURE (not installed on machine engines at this time)
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1-38
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI SYSTEM POWER SUPPLIES
The HEUI system has six power supplies with various voltages as shown. EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY ECM power supply
24 Volts
INTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES Speed/Timing Sensor power supply
12.5 Volts
Injector power supply
105 Volts
Analog Sensor power supply
5 Volts
Digital Sensor power supply
8 Volts
Pump Control Valve power supply
0 to 24 Volts
The power supply to the ECM and the system is drawn from the 24-Volt machine battery. The principle components in this circuit are: - Battery - Key Start Switch - Main Power Relay - 15 Amp Breaker - Ground Bolt - ECM Connector (P1/JI) - Machine Interface Connector (J3/P3) If the supply voltage exceeds 32.5 Volts or is less than 9.0 Volts, a diagnostic code is logged. (See the Troubleshooting Guide for complete details on voltage event logging.) NOTE: The ground bolt is the only power supply component mounted on the engine.
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1-39
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI LOGGED EVENTS
Logged events are abnormal to the operation of the engine (for example: high temperature, low pressure or excessive engine speed). These conditions would not normally be caused by an electronic problem. Some of the parameters listed in this presentation are used in the ET events list. They are: - High coolant temperature above 107째C (225째F) - Loss of coolant flow - Low (lubrication) oil pressure (according to the oil pressure map) - Abnormal injection actuation hydraulic pressure (low or high) - Injection actuation pressure system fault - User defined shutdown (if installed) - Air inlet restriction (if installed) - Engine overspeed histogram - Low fuel pressure (industrial engine only)
Events are not logged if an electronic fault is detected. Passwords are required to clear events. This process would normally be performed during an engine overhaul. At other times, the events would be left as a record of the engine history prior to overhaul time.
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1-40
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI SYSTEM LIMITS & DERATE
FUEL SYSTEM LIMITS
MAXIMUM HORSEPOWER TORQUE LIMIT ( Determines torque rise characteristics) FUEL RATIO CONTROL ( Limits fuel until sufficient boost ) COLD MODE ( Limits fuel to control white smoke ) CRANKING FUEL ( Limits fuel during cranking )
FUEL SYSTEM SYSTEM DERATES DERATES FUEL AUTOMATIC ALTITUDE COMPENSATION AUTOMATIC ALTITUDE COMPENSATION ( Altitude derate) ( Altitude derate)
AUTOMATICFILTER FILTERCOMPENSATION COMPENSATION AUTOMATIC
( Derateforforairairfilter filterrestriction restrictionif ifinstalled insatalled ( Derate ) At 6.25 kPa (30 inc of water) the engine will derate 2% of its powerDERATE per 1 kPa until a maxi 20% ENGINE WARNING Event is logged if exeeds 30 inch of water ) ( Derates for LOW OIL PRESSURE, HIGH COOLANT TEMP not install in HEUI at the time)
ENGINE WARNING DERATE
( Derates for LOW OIL PRESSURE , HIGH COOLANT TEMP not installed yet on HEUI)
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REF
TDC SECONDARY SPEED/TIMING SENSOR
REF
TDC
4
SINGLE 50/50 TOOTH TDC CYLINDER No. 1
8
3
PRIMARY SPEED/TIMING SENSOR
REF TDC REF
TIMING WHEEL ROTATION
TDC
REF 2
5
7
TDC REF
REF TDC
Large Track Type Tractors
REF
TDC
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
6
TIMING CALIBRATION RANGE ± 10°
TIMING WHEEL
1
Page: 1-43
TIMING GEAR TOOTH TABLE TABLE PWM DUTY CYLINDER CYCLE ENTRY REFERENCE
B
80/20 %
80/20 %
80/20 %
80/20 %
C
D
E
F
TIMING WHEEL ROTATION
80/20 %
G
50/50%
H
Large Track Type Tractors
A
NONE IDENTIFIED
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
80/20 %
80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 50 %
CRANKING
A B C D E F G H
Page: 1-44
TIMING GEAR TOOTH TABLE TABLE PWM DUTY CYLINDER REFERENCE ENTRY CYCLE 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 50 %
A B C D E F G H
NO CYL NO. 3 NO NO CYL NO. 4 NO NO CYL NO. 8
CYL NO. 3 REFERENCE EDGE
C
D
CYL NO. 3 TDC
E
CYL NO. 4 REFERENCE EDGE
F
G
CYL NO. 4 TDC
H
CYL NO. 8 REFERENCE EDGE
Large Track Type Tractors
B
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
A
AFTER PATTERN RECOGNITION
TIMING WHEEL ROTATION
Page: 1-45
TIMING GEAR TOOTH TABLE TABLE PWM DUTY CYLINDER ENTRY CYCLE REFERENCE 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 80 % 50 %
A B C D E F G H
NO CYL NO. 3 NO NO CYL NO. 4 NO NO CYL NO. 8 TIMING WHEEL ROTATION
D
E
62째 BTDC (EEPROM)
DES TIMING DELAY
NO. 3 INJECTION
ASSUMED TDC CYL NO. 3 (REFERENCE)
G
62째 BTDC (EEPROM)
DES TIMING DELAY
F
CYL NO. 3 ACTUAL TDC (CALIBRATED)
CYL NO. 4 (REFERENCE)
NO. 4 INJECTION
ASSUMED TDC CYL NO. 4 ACTUAL TDC (CALIBRATED)
H
Large Track Type Tractors
C
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
B
NORMAL OPERATION
A
Page: 1-46
TIMING WHEEL
REFERENCE EDGE TO TDC DISTANCE
TIMING CALIBRATION SENSOR SIGNAL
+10° ± 10°
MAXIMUM TIMING REFERENCE OFFSET ± 10 DEGREES
TIMING REFERENCE OFFSET
Large Track Type Tractors
-10°
ACTUAL CYL. NO. 1 TDC
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
ASSUMED CYL. NO. 1 TDC
TIMING CALIBRATION
REFERENCE EDGE
1-47
Large Track Type Tractors CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
HOLD-IN PEAK CURRENT
0
1
2
3
TIME (MILLISECONDS)
4
5
INJECTION CURRENT WAVEFORM
PULL-IN PEAK CURRENT CURRENT FLOW Page:
ONE CYCLE
1-48
CURRENT
Large Track Type Tractors
TIME (MILLISECONDS)
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
0
1
2
3
4
5
POPPET VALVE MOVEMENT
CURRENT FLOW Page:
POPPET LIFT
Page: 1-49
INJECTION RATE
CURRENT FLOW
POPPET LIFT
CURRENT
START OF INJECTION
2
3
TIME (MILLISECONDS)
4
5 END OF INJECTION
Large Track Type Tractors
1
CHAPTER : 3400 HEUI
0
WAVEFORM & RESP. CHARACTERISTICS
DURATION