Embedded Developer: May 2016 by EEWeb Magazines

With Robust Parts for Harsh Environments

NXP’s Automotive Logic Parts

Lead the Way

MAY 2016

Inside the Lab: Linear Technology’s LTC2380-24 Connect a Raspberry Pi to the IBM Watson IoT Platform

Is the Universal Translator Finally Here? Find out how the low-power translators from NXP are the solution for your mixed voltage applications!

W E B I N A R • J U N E 23 , 2 016 This webinar from NXP will: • Provide detailed insight on why these advanced, extremely low-power translators from NXP Logic are the solution for your mixed voltage applications. • Explain how low-power voltage level translator products from NXP Semiconductors continues to support the migration of applications to low voltages resulting in power savings. • Show how engineers can take advantage of the lower power translators and reduce the supply voltage without having to redesign existing mixed-voltage applications.

Times:

The Webinar will be held twice 1st run: 16h00 CEST / Berlin time 10h00 EST / New York time 7h00 PST / Los Angeles time 2nd run: 18h00 CEST / Berlin time 12h00 EST / New York time 9h00 PST / Los Angeles time

Speaker: Tom Wolf is a Senior Product Application Engineer for Logic Devices at NXP Semiconductor. His design and application experience extends to a wide array of systems including server/workstation design, optoelectronics, battery and energy systems and embedded controllers.

CONTENTS

Embedded Developer

EDITORIAL STAFF Content Editor Karissa Manske kmanske@aspencore.com Digital Content Manager Heather Hamilton hhamilton@aspencore.com Director, Creative Development Jeff Chavez jchavez@aspencore.com Graphic Designer Carol Smiley csmiley@aspencore.com Audience Development Claire Hellar chellar@aspencore.com Register at EEWeb http://www.eeweb.com/register/

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4 8 12 14 20

PRODUCT WATCH Product Insights Vishay Dale Display Products Inside the Lab Linear Technology’s LTC2380-24 LAPIS Semiconductor 16-bit MCU TECH REPORT Connect a Raspberry Pi to the IBM Watson IoT Platform COVER STORY NXP’s Automotive Logic Parts Lead the Way NXP Logic Q100 Logic Portfolio

Victor Alejandro Gao General Manager Executive Publisher Cody Miller Global Media Director Group Publisher Glenn ImObersteg Publisher Contributing Editor Embedded Developer

EEWeb

Embedded Developer

DUCT INSIGHTS

Vishay Dale

Display Products

Color TFT Displays

For this Arrow Product Insights, we present a wide array of display products from Vishay Dale. Display products provide the human-to-machine interface; simple display models convey information visually in the form of characters and/or graphics, while more complex models are capable of both displaying information and receiving human input by use of touch panels. Vishay Dale can provide standard, modified, or custom display options.

Monochrome LCD Displays

Graphic LCD Displays

PRODUCT WATCH Vishay Dale’s monochrome LCDs, or Liquid Crystal Displays, are available in both character and graphic modules. For the character modules the standard LCD sizes range from 8x2 to 40x4, and many backlight and LCD combinations are available for specific combinations. The LCD graphics modules have standard sizes ranging from 122x32 to 320x240 which is the QVGA, or Quarter Video Graphics Array. Supplementing the standard sizes, these modules have customer design capabilities for adding headers, backlight cables, heaters, 4-wire resistive touch panels, and both custom module and glass designs. Vishay Dale also offers displays using the technology of VATN, or Vertically Aligned Twisted Nematic. VATN is a newer type of LCD technology that has cuttingedge features which offers industrial LCD displays a wider viewing angle. Color TFT, or thin-film-transistor, is another display technology from Vishay. Standard sizes are available with formats of 3.5”, 4.3”, 5.7”, 7.0”, 8.0”, 10.2” and 12.1” diagonal with other sizes in development. Most of the TFT models are offered with or without the SSD1963 controller along with options for resistive or capacitive touch panels and sunlight readable backlights. Vishay Dale’s OLEDs, Organic Light Emitting Diodes, make an excellent choice for integration into new products given their key advantages, including:

• a viewing angle of 160 degrees in all directions • 1/10th the power consumption of LCD displays • a high contrast ration of a minimum of 2000:1 • a faster response time of only 10 micro-seconds Additionally, Vishay Dale also offers custom capabilities for all development levels of monochrome LCD’s and OLED products. Such custom capabilities include a wide temperature range, display mounting and termination, viewing direction, backlighting, and custom characters and icons. Vishay Dale’s engineering resources are available for assistance with your custom designs and ideas.

OLED Displays

Custom Displays

VATN Displays

To see the Vishay Dale video, click on this image

• extra thin with no backlight required • a wide temperature range of -40C to 80C • high brightness up to 200 nits

For more info on the latest products, join us for the next Arrow New Product Insights. Visit Arrow.com.

MYLINK

Embedded Developer

Linear Technology’s LTC2380-24 Welcome to Inside the Lab with Arrow Electronics, the web series dedicated to exploring the latest in technology and electronics. Today we’ll show you Linear Technology’s LTC2380-24, a low power, 24-bit, 2 MSPS SAR ADC with an integrated filter that promises very high dynamic range with no missing codes, no latency and low distortion. We’ll walk you through our setup and highlight some of the things we did to maximize the performance of the demo.

Sponsored by Arrow Electronics

PRODUCT WATCH

THE SIMPLICITY OF USE COMBINED WITH ITS HIGH PERFORMANCE MAKES THE LTC2380-24 IDEAL FOR USE IN THE MOST DEMANDING DESIGNS. We use a quality differential signal source and adjustable common mode voltage because the LTC2380-24 is such a highly precise SAR ADC and we need a quality signal source to show its AC performance. For this video, LTC’s DC1858A low distortion sine wave generator is used with the LT6363 amplifier to produce both the differential output and common mode level shifting necessary to drive the input of the LTC2380-24. The DC1216A is a low cost, low noise 100 MHz clock

that we use as a quality clock source. Pads are available on the DC2289A for a first-order low-pass filter, but we didn’t use them. The board also includes buffers for the ADC input with the LTC6203, which band limits the input frequencies at the ADC input to approximately 940kHz. Finally, jumpers are available to switch between AC and DC coupling, with circuitry to set the input common mode level for AC coupled measurements.

Embedded Developer PScope, available for download at www.linear.com/solutions/PScope, shows all of the parameters and harmonics of how the ADC works and all of the benefits you will gain from working with this high quality ADC. For DC measurements, the LTC DC590B communicates with LTCâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s QuikEval, which shows noise levels of the ADC. LTCâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Linduino DC2026C could be used in place of the QuikEval. The Linduino has an Arduino footprint and was created for developing and distributing firmware libraries and code for SPI and I2C compatible integrated circuits. The LTC2380-24 comes in a 16-lead 4mm x 3mm MSOP package and is drop-in pin compatible to the LTC2378

PScope screenshot

QuickEval screenshot

family of 16-, 18-, and 20- bit 1 MSPS no latency SAR ADCs, allowing designs that use these ADCs to easily upgrade to the 24-bit LTC2380. The simplicity of use combined with its high performance makes the LTC2380-24 ideal for use in the most demanding designs. For more information, visit Arrow.com.

Embedded Developer

EEWeb Tech Lab

LAPIS Semiconductor

16-bit MCU

LAPIS 16-bit MCUs are perfect for applications that require better performance than 8-bit MUCs offer and greater power efficiency than 32-bit MCUs provide.

LAPIS Semiconductor, a part of ROHM Semiconductor group and a leader in low-power MCUs, has released a 16-bit microcontroller starter kit. These MCUs lever LAPISâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; U16 CPU to blend low-power with the performance necessary for IoT devices, LED lighting, motor control, and industrial equipment. Three new families, the ML620500, ML620130, and ML620150, are available with different peripheral sets and features to address the needs of different application, however all are based on a high-performance, low-power 16-bit RISC CPU.

PRODUCT WATCH This demo uses the starter kit based on the ML620Q504. This MCU runs at an ultra-low power consumption, 0.45 ÂľA in HALT mode and 250 ÂľA/MHz in operation. A nanoEASE is used as a programmer debugger. GitHub provides the most up-to-date information and documentation on the MCU. The LAPIS support site, which includes documentation on schematic, BOMs, user manuals, and nanoEASE drivers. Note that registration on the LAPIS support site must be completed before the support site is available.

Lapis

Q u ic kstar

t Gu i

Once the download is performed from the support site, the building and debugging process can begin. Downloaded codes can be modified. To see this demonstration in action, view the video here. For any issues or questions, users can reach out to engineering@ rohmsemiconductor.com.

Lapis

Supp o

rt Sit e

LAPIS 16-bit MCUs are perfect for applications that require better performance than 8-bit MUCs offer and greater power efficiency than 32-bit MCUs provide. Applications such as sensordriven IoT devises will benefit, providing the user with the experience and battery life they expect. For more information, visit lapis-semi.com. View entire video

Embedded Developer

Connect a

Raspberry Pi to the

IBM Watson IoT Platform

TECH REPORT

Getting started with Watson IoT is as easy as Pi The Raspberry Pi has fueled the maker culture by offering more power than many low-end devices. With millions sold worldwide, it has become a symbol of innovation and creativity for the Internet of Things (IoT). Because many engineers begin tinkering with IoT ideas on a Raspberry Pi, IBM has committed to the Pi ecosystem to deliver a powerful prototyping environment for cognitive IoT solutions.

Embedded Developer

Also, because Pi is an open platform, people are using it for many purposes, including:

and IDs across multiple devices or wondering what will happen when the device restarts and you lose your work.

• automating household appliances

“These are all real-world things that, as soon as you begin playing and using a real device, you can start to see the implications of,” said Greenstein.

• building security systems • simulating arcade cabinets • creating sensor based solutions for garage doors. On the surface, these ideas sound like home uses, but once created, they can easily be expanded into enterprise or industrial settings. This is why many developers and engineers use Raspberry Pi to create their first mock-ups to see how they might work. “It’s inexpensive, it has the I/O and sensors, you can connect it to other things, make it do something, and program it very easily from almost any operating system — Linux, Windows, Mac,” said Bret Greenstein, vice president of Watson Internet of Things Platform. “It’s super-easy to connect to, deploy your code to and do something interesting.” Raspberry Pi is a game-changer because for the first time and at a low entry price point, makers can do everything they can do on a computer, but at the device level, moving from simulating devices in an IoT solution to using a real one. According to Greenstein, this is significant because as soon as you use a real device versus a simulated one, you’ll encounter the same problems that customers or users have in the real world, such as handling passwords

The Raspberry Pi integrates nicely with the IBM Watson IoT platform. You’re able to connect it directly into the IoT platform, get data from it, interact with it, oversee device management on it, and treat it as any other smart device. This makes it easy to begin prototyping and simulating ideas in the Raspberry Pi environment. The ability to get hardware that combines power and openness while working with real things, instead of a simulation, gives you the freedom to take average products and make them smart, connected devices while also building out innovative solutions around them.

IMPACT ON THE INDUSTRY “What’s really happening with IoT is that the regular objects are becoming aware — not consciously aware, but they’re becoming an active part of a business process,” Greenstein said. “So every light, every sensor, every thermostat, every printer, they’re all part of your business. And now you can actually see what’s happening with them, you can interact with them, and you can collect data from them.” What this means is that you’ll no longer need to see if your printer is out of toner, for example, or if the coffee machine is working, because they’ll

TECH REPORT be part of your business network. These devices will be able to tell you what’s happening around them, such as whether people are walking by, how many people are in the room, or if something isn’t working properly. Raspberry Pi can represent one of those smart endpoints in your business. If you can add intelligence to the devices within your business, imagine how much more efficient you can be. In fact, these devices can get even smarter. You can add microphones, cameras and many other sensors to a Raspberry Pi, and it could listen and see for you. You can feed the data directly into Watson, and it could understand. “The computing power it took to put a camera, microphone, and have that capability in a machine that costs thousands of dollars was nearly impossible only a few years ago, and now we can use Watson in the cloud for free, connected to a Raspberry Pi for $35, with a webcam that costs $5,” Greenstein said. “We can take an interactive voice recognition system, prototype it, then create it.”

INSPIRATION With all of its capabilities, Raspberry Pi is set to inspire current and future generations of engineers, developers, and hobbyists. When you democratize computer and design capabilities through access, flexibility, and power while making it available to everyone, you create an environment of unlimited

possibilities. Raspberry Pi is open and powerful enough for you to do wild experiments that might fail, but you don’t have to worry about wasting your investment and can just try again. Now take that idea and combine it with the cloud, and you’ve got yourself

Embedded Developer

a game-changer. You can take a programmable, fully open computer and combine it with cloud services, which means that you’ll have the power of the cloud no matter where you are. Then you can get a hold of all the services in Bluemix, IBM’s hybrid cloud platform, to interact directly with your Raspberry Pi. “Think of it this way: we connect the Raspberry Pi into the Watson IoT Platform so developers or engineers can interact with it — send commands, receive data from it — basically, your device is exposed to Watson IoT like a service in Bluemix,” Greenstein said. “That means you can write applications in Bluemix that use the data from it. And it’s at that point that you’re coding at the Bluemix level. From there, [you] can either do development on the Pi itself, or you can do development in the cloud, having the Pi connected to the cloud.”

Once you have the creativity of the IBM’s Watson IoT Platform and Bluemix environment, along with the data and the access to a device such as Raspberry Pi, what comes next is up to you. To register for the Coursera Module: A developer’s guide to IoT

For further reading: IBM teams up with Coursera to skill up the new IoT developer

Free trial: Start your free trial of Watson IoT Platform today

Check out how you can build IoT apps on Raspberry Pi with Watson IoT Platform by clicking on the raspberry.

You can take a programmable, fully open computer and combine it with cloud services, which means that you’ll have the power of the cloud no matter where you are. 18

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Embedded Developer

Leading the Way in Automotive Logic with the NXP Logic Q100 Logic Portfolio 20

automotive application areas

COVER STORY

I/O expansion Large pin count controllers are expensive, so when possible to reduce the complexity and pin-count of control solutions, input/output expansion devices such as multiplexer/de-multiplexer devices are used. Figure 2 shows an example of an 8:1 multiplexer used to sequentially switch analog sensor signals to a single analog to digital pin of a micro-controller. Interface logic With high impedance inputs and low impedance outputs, interface logic such as registered or unregistered buffers and line drivers are used to interface between low drive outputs of a controller and higher loads of, for example, water pumps and window motors. Control logic Control applications such as engine control units and body control modules change settings based upon a combination of input signals. Control logic consists of simple Boolean functions, such as AND or NAND, to facilitate changing settings in simple sub-systems that don’t require a microcontroller. Display drivers Display drivers integrate serial-in, parallel-out shift registers, which are common I/O expansion devices, with a number of MOSFET LED drivers. With 8-bit and 12-bit solutions, shift register based display drivers enable a controller to drive 8 or 12 LED’s using 3 output lines. Cascading devices as shown in figure 3 increases the number of LED’s controlled by the same 3 output lines. Display drivers reduce the size, complexity, pin count and ultimately cost of any micro-controller based solution.

The operating environment of automobile semiconductor components is much more hostile i/o i/o Sensor A than that of semiconductors used i/o in homei/o i/o or portable applications. A television set will µC generally spend its operating lifetime within an ADC or i/o ambient temperature range of 0˚C to 40˚C. Due Sensor H to internal heating, its semiconductor devices can 4851 be expected to operate between 20˚C and 60˚C. Figure 2. 74HC4851 as multiplexer in a remote sensing application

By comparison, an automobile is expected to start at temperatures lower than -20˚C 12 V and, in some cases, operate within the engine compartment at temperatures approaching 150˚C. To ensure the reliability of automotive Open drain outputs drive LEDs directly electronics, the Automotive Electronics Council Output_CLK introduced its AEC-Q100 standard, whichStorage outlines i/o Storage register register Microcontroller Serial input Serial output procedures to be followed to ensure integrated i/o Shift register Shift register Input_CLK i/o circuits meet the quality and reliability levels NPIC6C596A NPIC6C596A required by automotive applications. Figure 3. NPIC6C596A in cascaded display driver application

Q100 logic portfolio

Key benefits of the Q100 logic portfolio Embedded Developer AEC-Q100 product qualification and

applications. During electrical test process, average

reliability monitoring

test limits or statistical test limits are applied to As the global number one supplier, theoutliersQ100 are: lots. Figure 1 shows Operating at elevated temperatures reduces the screen withindevices automotive introduction of its Q100 logic portfolio lifetime of a semiconductor and temperature the distribution• of manufactured devices passingin a TS16949-certified test and the and shows NXP continuing to lead the way VDA-approved production facilities cycling has a negative impact on the stability of calculated statistical test limits in yellow. Although the in automotive logic. NXP offers the a package. In cases where there is no history of a outliers are within upperasand lower specification • the flagged automotive lots feature rich Low Voltage CMOS (LVC) product’s reliability within automotive applications, limits they are not delivered as Q100 products. logic portfolio to enable the migration of • subjected to additional process flow a series of stresses to simulate the life cycle within electronic solutions from 5.5 V to lower quality gates and stricter rules for lot an automotive environment must be applied to V and beyond. Dedicated website and datasheets power mixed 5.5 V / 3.3 dis-positioning and maverick lot handling guarantee conformanceThe to the standard. A summary of NXP logic’s Q100 portfolio including LVCAEC-Q100 family includes Standard Logic by function and a parametric search within functions with supply range 1.65aVsearch to This ensures that automotive products: To ensure continued reliability, maintains each function can be found at www.nxp.com/ 3.3 V, asNXP welllogic as Mini Logic functions • receive the highest priority an extensive reliability monitoring theV to 5.5 V.products/automotive/logic, and unlike the standard with supplyprogram; range 1.65 • have greater traceability for results of which are published half yearly. These types, each Q100 device has a dedicated datasheet Operating at elevated temperatures improved quality analysis QSUM reports are available upon request via your confirming that it has been qualified in accordance reduces the lifetime of a semiconductor NXP sales representative. with AEC-Q100 is suitable automotive • and that becomefor outlier lots, passing and temperature cycling has a negative applications. a quality gate but outside of impact on thecontrols stability of a package. Tightened manufacturing process the acceptable distribution, are In cases where there is no history of a Q100 devices are: Priority technicalassigned support to the non-Q100 type product’s reliability within automotive 4 manufactured in TS16949 certified and VDA NXP’s first and second tier technical support teams Six sigma design philosophy is applied to applications, a series of stresses approved production facilities give Q100 product design-in assistance their highest all Q100 devices. This ensures that an end to simulate the life cycle within an 4 flagged as automotive lots priority and upon request AEC-Q100 production user application designed to the datasheet automotive environment must be 4 subjected to additional process flow quality part approval process (PPAP) qualification limits can tolerate a shift asdata highwill as one applied to guarantee conformance gates and stricter rules for AEC-Q100 lot dis-positioning and be made available. the stricter qualification and aDue halfto sigma in NXP’s manufacturing to the standard. maverick lot handling requirements of automotive user applications, a are processes. As end the process control limits much tighter than one(PCN) and aapproval half sigma, 180 day process change notification To ensure continued reliability, NXP this virtually guarantees trouble This ensures that automotive products: an extensive reliability cycle is applied for Q100 products instead of thefree end logic maintains user applications. During types. electrical test 4 receive highest priority 90ofday PCN approval cycle for standard monitoring program—the results limits statistical which are published half yearly. In These 4 have greater traceability for improved quality the unlikely process, event of aaverage quality test issue, NXP or logic test limits are applied screen outliers QSUM reports are available upon request a 10 analysis guarantees day through put timetowith initial within automotive lots. Figure 1 shows the your NXP a sales representative. 4 that become outliervia lots, passing quality gate verification within 24 hours for its Q100 portfolio. but outside of the acceptable distribution, are assigned to the non-Q100 type

To ensure continued reliability, NXP Six sigma design, zero defect testreliability and logic maintains an extensive inspection methodology monitoring program—the results of Six sigma design philosophy is applied to all Q100 which are published half yearly. devices. This ensures that an end user application designed to the datasheet limits can tolerate a shift as high as one and a half Figure sigma1.in NXP’s Application of statistical limit manufacturing processes. As the processtest control limits are much tighter than one and a half sigma, this virtually guarantees trouble free end user

LSL

Outliers

USL

Outliers

Satistical test limits

Figure 1. Application of statistical test limits.

COVER STORY distribution of devices passing a test and the calculated statistical test limits in yellow. Although the outliers are within the upper and lower specification limits they are not delivered as Q100 products.

Large pin count controllers are expensive, so when possible to reduce the complexity and pin-count of control solutions, input/output expansion devices such as multiplexer/demultiplexer devices are used. Figure 2 shows an example of an 8:1 multiplexer used to sequentially switch analog sensor signals to a single analog to digital pin of a micro-controller.

NXP’s first and second tier technical support teams give Q100 product design-in assistance their highest priority and upon request AEC-Q100 production part approval process (PPAP) qualification data will be made available. Due to the stricter qualification requirements of automotive end user applications, a 180-day process change notification (PCN) approval cycle is applied for Q100 products instead of the 90-day PCN approval cycle for standard types. In the unlikely event of a quality issue, NXP logic guarantees a 10 day through put time with initial verification within 24 hours for its Q100 portfolio.

With high impedance inputs and low impedance outputs, interface logic such as registered or unregistered buffers and line drivers are used to interface between low drive outputs of a controller and higher loads of, for example, water pumps and window motors.

NXP Q100 logic pplication areas

duce

ontrol devices r an d to signals a

low gic such fers ace ontroller water

e control ange n of s of AND

Control applications such as engine control units and body control modules change settings based upon a combination of input signals. Control logic consists of simple Boolean functions, such as AND or NAND, to facilitate changing settings in simple sub-systems that don’t require a microcontroller.

There are many examples of NXP Q100 logic automotive application areas. The Q100 can be applied in I/O expansion, interface logic, control logic, and display drivers.

Sensor A

Display drivers integrate serial-in, parallel-out shift registers, which are

i/o

µC

ADC or i/o

The Q100 can be applied in I/O expansion, interface logic, control logic, and display drivers.

Sensor H 4851

Figure 2. 74HC4851 as a multiplexer in a remote sensing application

Figure 2. 74HC4851 as multiplexer in a remote sensing application

12 V

Developer Examples ofEmbedded NXP Q100 logic automotive application areas

common I/O expansion devices, with a number of MOSFET LED drivers. O expansion With 8-bit and 12-bit solutions, shift rge pin count controllers are register based display drivers enable a pensive, so when possible to reduce controller to drive 8 or 12 LED’s using e complexity and pin-count of control 3 output lines. Cascading devices as lutions, input/output expansion devices shown in figure 3 increases the number ch as multiplexer/de-multiplexer of LED’s controlled by the same 3 output vices are used. Figure 2 shows an ample of an 8:1 multiplexer used to lines. Display drivers reduce the size, quentially switch analog sensor signalscomplexity, pin count and ultimately cost a single analog to digital pin of a of any micro-controller based solution.

cro-controller.

A summary of NXP logic’s Q100

terface logic portfolio including a search by function Sensor A th high impedance inputs and low and a parametric search within each pedance outputs, interface logic such function can be found at http://www. registered or unregistered buffers d line drivers are used to interface nxp.com/products/automotive/logic, and unlike the standard types, each tween low drive outputs of a controller has d higher loads of, for example, waterQ100 device Sensor H a dedicated datasheet mps and window motors. confirming that it has been qualified 4851

i/o

Display drivers reduce the size, complexity, pin count and ultimately cost of any micro-controller based solution. µC

ADC or i/o

in accordance with AEC-Q100 and is suitable for automotive applications. Figure 2. 74HC4851 as multiplexer in a remote sensing application

ontrol logic ontrol applications such as engine control its and body control modules change ttings based upon a combination of put signals. Control logic consists of mple Boolean functions, such as AND NAND, to facilitate changing settings simple sub-systems that don’t require a crocontroller.

12 V

Open drain outputs drive LEDs directly

Output_CLK splay drivers i/o Storage register Microcontroller splay drivers integrate serial-in, Serial input Serial output i/o Shift register Input_CLK rallel-out shift registers, which are i/o mmon I/O expansion devices, with NPIC6C596A number of MOSFET LED drivers. th 8-bit and 12-bit solutions, shift Figure 3. NPIC6C596A in cascaded display driver application gister based display drivers enable a Figure 3. NPIC6C596A in cascaded display driver application ntroller to drive 8 or 12 LED’s using output lines. Cascading devices as own in figure 3 increases the number LED’s controlled by the same 3 output es. Display drivers reduce the size, mplexity, pin count and ultimately cost any micro-controller based solution.

Storage register

Shift register

NPIC6C596A

Q100 logic portfolio

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