INTRODUCTION The several dams and power plants of Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) are located across the country. They supply the electric power to every sector including households, industrial factories, commercial buildings, hotels, and hospitals throughout Thailand. With the existence of these dams and power plants, the economic and national development can be enhanced, while the quality of life of Thai people has been improved. Apart from generating electricity, EGAT’s dams store water for irrigation and agricultural purpose and attract many visitors for the whole year as they have beautiful view and scenery. All visitors can also find knowledge on energy at EGAT power plants and dams where energy learning centers are available for the public. For the security of power system in Thailand, EGAT will keep developing and improving the efficiency of all power plants. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand May 2018
INDEX Bhumibol Dam Sirikit Dam Srinagarind Dam Ubol Ratana Dam Vajiralongkorn Dam Sirindhorn Dam Chulaphorn Dam Rajjaprabha Dam Bang Lang Dam Tha Thung Na Dam Kangkrachan Dam Pakmun Dam
Page 1 9 15 23 29 35 45 51 57 61 65 69
Lamtakong Jolabha Vadhana Power Plant Mae Moh Power Plant Bang Pakong Power Plant Krabi Power Plant South Bangkok Power Plant Nam Phong Power Plant Wang Noi Power Plant Chana Power Plant North Bangkok Power Plant Fang Geothermal Power Plant Khlong Chong Klum Solar Power Plant Phromthep Cape Renewable Energy Plower Plant San Kamphaeng Solar Power Plant Pha Bong Solar Power Plant Thap Sakae Solar Power Plant
Page 73 81 89 93 97 101 105 109 115 121 125 129 133 137 143
BHUMIBOL DAM
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LOCATION Sam Ngao District, Tak Province 2
DAM FEATURES Type Height Crest elevation Crest length Crest width Maximum width (at base) Reservoir’s storage capacity
Concrete arch gravity 154 meters + 261 meters (MSL) 486 meters 6 meters 52.2 meters 13,462 million cubic meters
3
GENERATING CAPACITY The hydroelectric plant situated at the dam base is comprised of eight units with a total installed capacity of 779.2 MW.
Capacity (MW) Units 1-6 82.2 each Unit 7 115 Unit 8 (pumped storage) 171
4
BACKGROUND
After the end of the Second World War, the government had an intention to build a large power plant, particularly a hydropower plant which could generate electricity into the system rapidly. The committee on power plant construction was established to make a survey and a feasibility study all over the country on the appropriate construction site of the power plant. The study revealed that Yanhee Valley in Ping River in Sam Ngao District, Tak Province was the most suitable area. The result of the study led to the construction of Yanhee Dam in 1957. In the same year, Yanhee Electricity Authority was established to be responsible for the dam construction and electricity generation for the central and northern parts of Thailand. On July 25, 1957, His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej gave royal permission to use the auspicious name “Bhumibol� for the dam. On May 17, 1964, after the completion of the construction, His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej accompanied by Her Majesty Queen Sirikit performed the opening ceremony of Bhumibol Dam and pressed the starting button of the first power generator. 5
FACILITIES Accommodation With a resort-style atmosphere in the middle of mountains and natural landscape, the accommodation at Bhumibol Dam can welcome more than 400 visitors who will enjoy a peaceful retreat amid the nature. A swimming pool located inside the Bhumibol Dam is also available.
Restaurant With the unique and delicious food, the restaurant here is well known. Visitors can feel like having a meal on the hill because of a beautiful flower garden and its building in Lanna style. During the winter season, the atmosphere is more romantic. The recommended menus here are Asian redtail catfish as well as salad served with organic vegetables.
Golf Course At Bhumibol dam, we offer a standard golf course with 18 holes. The visitors can experience great view and fresh air as our course is surrounded by wild and rare trees.
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Recreational Park There are recreational parks at Bhumibol Dam namely Nam Phra Thai Garden and Chaloem Phra Kiat Garden for visitors to experience good view and atmosphere. Nam Phra Thai Garden was designed and built to commemorate the 60th Birthday Anniversary of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej. It was harmoniously designed based on the concept of the immeasurable kindness of the king for the well-being of the people. The bronze sculptor which is placed above the fountain terrace at the entrance of the park is in the shape of 9 rods bound together as a pole on a granite base representing King Rama IX who was the spiritual unity of the Thai people.
The stream with the length of 233 meters flowing from its fountainhead in the north to the ground 5 levels below to unite and become a 16-meter water basin provided with 9 fountain spouts of 7 meters high represents the importance of water to life which has originated several royally initiated projects concerning water and electricity for the well-being of the people. Chalerm Prakiat Park was built in 1996 to celebrate the Golden Jubilee of the His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 50th Year Accession to the Throne. The outstanding characteristics of the park are the flower beds designed as the initial name of the King.
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Reservoir Sightseeing The sight - seeing travel in the reservoir can be by means of a raft or a boat. Along the 204 km distance, tourists will pass several attractive spots such as Wat Phra Buddhabat Doi Khao Nam, Wat Phra Borom That Kaeng Soi, Koh Valentine, Doi Phor Luang, Khao Phra Bat, Tha How, Ab Nang Cave up to Doi Tao in Chiang Mai Province.
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SIRIKIT DAM
9
LOCATION Pha Leod Sub-district, Tha Pla District, Uttaradit Province 10
DAM FEATURES Type Height Crest elevation Crest length Crest width Maximum width (at base) Reservoir’s storage capacity
Earth dam with clay core 113.6 meters + 169 meters (MSL) 810 meters 12 meters 630 meters 9,510 million cubic meters
GENERATING CAPACITY The power plant houses four 125 MW generating units, totalling 500 MW of generating capacity.
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BACKGROUND Sirikit Dam was constructed under the Development of the Nan River Basin Project to prevent flooding in the southern area of Uttaradit Province. Formerly known as Pha Som Dam, it is situated in Tha Pla District, Uttaradit Province. Later on, the dam was named “Sirikit Dam� after the name of Her Majesty the Queen.
Sirikit Dam was built across the Nan River at Pha Leud Sub-district, Tha Pla District, Uttaradit Province. The dam construction by the Department of Royal Irrigation started in 1963 and was completed in 1972, while the construction of Sirikit Hydropower Plant by the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) started in 1968 and was completed in 1972 at the same time of the dam construction. The opening ceremony of the dam and the power plant was performed by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej accompanied by Her Majesty the Queen and Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn on March 4, 1977.
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FACILITIES Accommodation Tourists can select various kinds of rooms which can accommodate two to seven persons. The breeze and natural scenery will be memorable experience for the tourists
Restaurant At Rabeang Nan Restaurant located beside Nan River, you can see the beautiful Queen Sirikit Bridge and enjoy famous food like Red Tilapia fish and royal Thai style salad.
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Golf Course The golf course at Sirikit Dam is comprised of 18 holes. It is one of the best courses in the province and holds the various big golf competitions.
Recreational Park Sumalai Park was created by EGAT in honor of H.M. Queen Sirikit on the auspicious occasion of Her Majesty’s Fifth Cycle (60th) Birthday Anniversary in 1992. Open for public use, the park provides a variety of recreational areas and facilities, such as colorful garden plants, lotus pond, herb garden, playground, multi-purpose ground, exercise ground etc. Erected as a landmark of the park is a Sculpture of Enlightenment, a lotus sculpture symbolizing Her Majesty’s intelligence and kindness in supporting and promoting Thai arts and crafts to become famous worldwide.
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SRINAGARIND DAM
15
LOCATION
Tha Kra Dan Sub-district, Si Sawat District Kanchanaburi Province 16
DAM FEATURES Type Height Crest length Crest width Reservoir’s area Reservoir’s storage capacity
Rockfill dam with clay core 140 meters 610 meters 15 meters 419 square kilometers 17,745 million cubic meters
17
GENERATING CAPACITY The power plant that is a reinforced concrete building houses 5 generating units with a total capacity of 720 MW .
Capacity (MW) Units 1-3 120 each Units 4-5 (pumped storage) 180 each
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BACKGROUND Formerly known as Chao Nane Dam, Srinagarind Dam is the first multi purpose dam under the Development of Mae Klong River Basin Project. The dam was built across the Kwai Yai River in the area of Ban Chao Nane, Tha Kradan Sub-district, Si Sawat District in Kanchanaburi Province.
The construction of the dam was initiated in 1963 when the development of Mae Klong River basin was planned by the government to provide sufficient water for consumption of the people. The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) participated in this project in 1965 by making a survey of Kwai Yai River to make a feasibility study on the construction of a dam. It was found that Ban Chao Nane was the most appropriate place for a dam construction. The construction of the dam commenced in 1973 and was completed in 1980. With the royal permission granted by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej, the dam was named Srinagarind Dam. The opening ceremony of the dam was performed by His Majesty the King accompanied by Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn on June 15, 1981. 19
FACILITIES Accommodation At Srinagarind Dam, we offer the visitors with 5 types of rooms equipped with full facilities namely Beach House, Tub Tim House, Pae-Tai House, and Phai-Toon House.
Restaurant Ruen Thara Restaurant is ready to serve visitors with delicious food and drink as well as beautiful view.
Golf Course
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Boat service At Srinagarind Dam, visitors can take a boat for sightseeing in the reservoir. We have 3 boats (Khwae Yai 1, Khwae Yai 2, and Khwae Yai 3) to serve the visitors with the capacity ranging from 40 to 100 persons.
Nature Trail For nature lovers, two nature trails are provided in the dam area. The first nature trail of 1,900 meters long leading through the natural forest passing 6 nature interpretation stations and viewpoint of the dam site and Erawan Cliff. The second nature trail is a wooden bridge of 330 meters long near the dam office. It is intended for those who wish to study the ecological system of the tropical forest.
Recreational Park Garden of Memorial Time was built on the occasion of the 90th birthday anniversary of Her Royal Highness the Princess Mother in an area of 30 rai on the foothills near the reservoir of Srinagarind Dam. In the garden, there is a large sundial representing the valuable use of time, varieties of trees, and flowers with relaxing atmosphere.
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EGAT Learning Center EGAT Learning Center at Srinagarind Dam is housed in Rajanurak Building. It is a modern museum built in honor of Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn who carried on with His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s royal idea on natural resources, plant genetics, and biological diversity in Thailand. The learning center is based on the concept “Teach Less, Learn More,� to contribute to the understanding of natural resources and valuable local intellects. The exhibition is comprised of the treasure of natural resources, the earthquake simulator room, the renewable energy information, and Plant Genetic Conservation Project. The visitors can learn the value and benefits of resource conservation and realize in their role to preserve the plants.
22
UBOL RATANA DAM
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LOCATION Ubol Ratana District, Khon Kaen Province 24
DAM FEATURES Type Height Crest length Crest width Reservoir’s storage capacity
Rockfill dam with clay core 32 meters 885 meters 6 meters 2,431 million cubic meters
25
GENERATING CAPACITY A 25.2 MW power plant houses three generators, each of which has 8.4 MW of installed capacity.
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BACKGROUND
Ubol Ratana Dam is the first multi-purpose dam of the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) in the northeastern part of Thailand. The dam is also the control center of the electricity generation of the Northeast. Ubol Ratana Dam, originally known as “Phong Neep Dam,” was built across Phong River in the area of Khok Soong Sub-district, Nam Phong District (presently called Ubol Ratana District) in Khon Kaen Province. The dam construction was completed in 1966.
The opening ceremony of the dam was performed by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej accompanied by Her Majesty the Queen and Her Royal Highness Princess Ubol Ratana on March 14, 1966. With the royal permission, the name “Ubol Ratana” was given to the dam. The improvement of Ubol Rtana Dam was carried out during 1984 - 1987 to increase its efficiency in flood mitigation. 27
FACILITIES Accommodation With various styles of rooms in the middle of peaceful atmosphere and fresh air, the visitors can take a full breath of pure air.
Restaurant The recommended menus here are the dishes with Sheatfish as ingredient.
Golf Course
28
VAJIRALONGKORN DAM
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LOCATION Thong Pha Phum District, Kanchanaburi Province 30
DAM FEATURES Type Height Crest length Crest width Reservoir’s area Reservoir’s storage capacity
Rockfill dam with concrete facing slab 92 meters 1,019 meters 10 meters 388 square kilometers 8,860 million cubic meters
31
GENERATING CAPACITY
Vajiralongkorn Power Plant houses three 100 MW conventional hydroelectric generating units, totaling 300 MW of installed capacity. 32
BACKGROUND
Vajiralongkorn Dam, known formerly as Khao Laem Dam is a multi-purpose dam under the Development of Mae Klong River Basin Project. The result of the feasibility study conducted by the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) and foreign experts revealed that the Khao Laem area in Tha Khanun Sub-district, Thong Pha Phum District was an appropriate site for a dam construction.
The opening ceremony of the dam was performed by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej accompanied by Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn and Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn on January 9, 1986. Since 2001, the dam has been named “Vajiralongkorn� after the Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn (presently His Majesty King Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebayavarangkun.) 33
FACILITIES Accommodation At Vajiralongkorn Dam, we offer the visitors comfortable accommodation with full facilities at an affordable price. There is a choice of guest rooms and houses available to suit visitors’ needs.
Restaurant Ruen Khao Lam Restaurant is located amid beautiful view of mountains and fields. It can accommodate 200 visitors. The parking lot is available for 30 cars. The recommended menus are Asian redtail catfish tom yum and fried giant gourami fish with garlic.
Golf Course
Other Facilities Swimming pool, tennis court, football field, futsal field, and shooting range.
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SIRINDHORN DAM
35
LOCATION Sirindhorn District, Ubon Ratchathani Province 36
DAM FEATURES Type Height Crest length Crest width Reservoir’s area Reservoir’s storage capacity
Rockfill dam with clay core 42 meters 940 meters 7.5 meters 288 square kilometers 1,966.5 million cubic meters
37
GENERATING CAPACITY
The power plant houses three 12 MW generators, totaling 36 MW of generating capacity. 38
SIRINDHORN SOLAR CELL Sirindhorn Solar Cell Project was among the renewable energy projects included in the Power Development Project (PDP 2004) (B.E. 2547-2552). The construction commenced in 2007 and was completed in 2009. The power plant occupies an area of approximately 25 rai. The number of 7,476 solar panels are used with the total installed capacity of 1.012 MW. Two systems of solar panels have been installed namely the fixed installation and the solar weighted tracking system. For the latter system which is initiated by EGAT, solar panels are capable of moving along the orbit of the sun from the morning to the evening to generate electricity throughout the day. This system is regarded as an innovation developed by EGAT researchers.
39
The electricity generation by solar cells can replace the use of 348,000 liters of bunker oil per year, reduce the carbon dioxide emissions of 851.1 tons a year, and provide carbon credit up to 701 tons amounting to approximately 112,000 Baht. The Sirindhorn Solar Cell Power Plant is the first project in Thailand which has provided carbon credit in compliance with the standard of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
40
BACKGROUND
Being an important multi-purpose dam in the northeastern part of Thailand, the construction of Sirindhorn Dam started in June 1968 and was completed in 1971. Sirindhorn Dam was built across the Lam Dome Noi River in the area of Kaeng Sae Noi, Chong Meg Sub-district, Piboon Mangsahan District, Ubon Ratchathani Province. At the completion of the construction in 1971, the name Sirindhorn was given to the dam with the royal permission. The opening ceremony was performed by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej on November 27, 1971. Later on, according to the decision of the National Energy Policy Committee in 1972, Sirindhorn Dam has been under the responsibility of the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) until today. 41
FACILITIES Accommodation The uniqueness of the accommodation at Sirindhorn Dam is its location that faces the reservoir. The visitors can enjoy the view and fresh air during their rest.
Restaurant Reun Dome Noi has been guaranteed by “Clean Food Good Taste� standard of Sirindhorn District Health Authority. The place is a large space beside the reservoir with full facilities. The recommended menus are comprised of fish caught from the reservoir.
Golf Course The golf course at Sirindhorn Dam is suitable for those who love exercise and natural beauty.
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Recreational Park
43
Sirindhorn Garden was built to commemorate the 36th birthday anniversary of Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn. It occupies an area of about 40 rai and has been designed to be a forest garden similar to the original condition. The garden comprises a botanical garden, fountains, rest pavilions, plants and flowers in purple color which represents the color of the Princess’s birthday. The uniqueness of this park is the sculpture of three elephants playing music placed in the middle of the fountain. Each elephant plays xylophone, fiddle, and flute which are the favorite Thai musical instruments of Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn.
44
CHULAPHORN DAM
45
LOCATION Khon San District, Chaiyaphum Province 46
DAM FEATURES Type Height Crest length Crest width Reservoir’s storage capacity
Rockfill dam with clay core 70 meters 700 meters 8 meters 163.75 million cubic meters
GENERATING CAPACITY Chulabhorn Dam is equipped with 2 power generators, each of which is 20 MW of an installed capacity, totaling 40 MW.
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BACKGROUND Formerly known as “Nam Phrom Dam,” Chulabhorn Dam was built across Phrom River at the area of Phu Yuak, Thung Lui Lai Sub-district, Khon San District, Chaiyaphum Province. The dam construction by the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) started in January 1970. After the completion, Chulabhorn Dam has supplied electricity to the power system since October 1972.
The opening ceremony of the dam was performed by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej accompanied by Her Majesty the Queen, Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn, and Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn on June 3, 1973. The name “Chulabhorn” was given to the dam with the royal permission.
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FACILITIES Accommodation With different styles of rooms and guest-houses as well as beautiful scenery, the visitors can enjoy family or group activities here.
Restaurant The delicious taste of food is enhanced with affordable price and a view of reservoir in Chulabhorn Dam.
Golf Course The golf course at Chulabhorn Dam is comprised of 9 holes.
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Recreational Park
Among the interesting things in the Chulabhorn Dam site is Chulabhorn Dam Park covering an area of approximately 41 rai, designated as a preserved forest with various of plants and a rest pavilion called “Sala Phrom Pisamai.� The unique plants found in the forest comprise two main species namely Son Sam Roi Yod and Son Hang Ma or Ya Thot Plong (horsetail or Equisetum) which are ancient plants of more than 325 million years. On the left side of the dam, opposite to Chulabhorn Dam Park, is the location where the replica of Phra Buddha Sirisattaraj (Luang Phor Chet Kasat), a revered Buddha image is enshrined. From Lup Khuan View Pavilion, scenery of the far away hills of Phu Kra Deung and Phu Luang in Leoi Province can be seen. 50
RAJJAPRABHA DAM
51
LOCATION Ban Ta Khun District, Surat Thani Province 52
DAM FEATURES Type Height Crest length Reservoir’s area Reservoir’s storage capacity
Rockfill dam with clay core 94 meters 761 meters 185 square kilometers 5,639 million cubic meters
GENERATING CAPACITY The power plant houses three 80 MW generators, totaling 240 MW of generating capacity. 53
BACKGROUND To commemorate the 5th Cycle Birthday Anniversary of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej, the project on the construction of Chiew Lan for the purpose of irrigation and power generation was incorporated in the 4 th National Economic and Social Development Plan (1977-1981). The construction of Chiew Lan Dam commenced on February 9, 1982 and was completed in September 1987. His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej graciously gave the name “Rajjaprabha” meaning “the Light of the Kingdom” to the dam. The dam and the hydropower plant were inaugurated by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej accompanied by Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn on September 30, 1987.
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FACILITIES Accommodation At Rajjaprabha Dam, we offer the visitors who come to explore the Guilin of Thailand with comfortable accommodation at an affordable price. There is a choice of guest rooms available to suit visitors’ needs.
Restaurant Guilin Restaurant has beautiful scenery with the sea of mist in the morning and wonderful sunset in the afternoon.
Golf Course We offer the visitors with standard golf course of 18 holes. Also, there is a restaurant near the golf course offered for golf players for their most convenience.
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Reservoir Sightseeing The reservoir of Rajjaprabha Dam is commonly known as “Guilin of Thailand.” Inside the reservoir, there are residing rafts provided by Khao Sok National Park and private rafts available for tourists to stay. In travelling in the reservoir, tourists can use long-tailed boats to see the beautiful limestone hills in the reservoir or to make a trekking to visit the Nam Talu Cave.
The viewpoint on the dam crest is a leisure spot from where tourists can have a scenic view of Rajjaprabha Dam. The landscape inside the dam is beautifully decorated. The replica of the revered Buddha image called “Phra Buddha Sirisattaraj” (Luang Phor Chet Kasat) is also enshrined inside the dam area for people to pay homage.
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BANG LANG DAM
57
LOCATION Bannang Sata District, Yala Province 58
DAM FEATURES Type Rockfill dam with clay core Height 85 meters Crest length 430 meters Crest width 10 meters Reservoir’s storage capacity 1,420 million cubic meters
GENERATING CAPACITY The powerhouse is comprised of two 24 MW generators and a 28 MW generator, totaling 76 MW of generating capacity. 59
BACKGROUND
According to the Pattani River Basin Development Plan, the construction of Bang Lang Dam would be the first water resource development for the lower South. Bang Lang Dam was built across Pattani River at the area of Ban Bang Lang, Bang Lang Dam Sub-district, Bannang Sata District, Yala Province. The construction of Bang Lang Dam in Yala Province approved by the Cabinet on April 3, 1973 commenced in July 1976 and was completed in June 1981. During the construction, His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej visited the construction site three times. On September 27,1981, His Majesty accompanied by Her Majesty Queen Sirikit and Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn performed the opening ceremony of Bang Lang Dam. 60
THA THUNG NA DAM
61
LOCATION Mueang District, Kanchanaburi Province 62
DAM FEATURES Type Height Crest length Crest width Reservoir’s storage capacity
Rockfill and concrete gravity dam 30 meters 840 meters 8 meters 54.8 million cubic meters
GENERATING CAPACITY The powerhouse houses two 19.5 MW alternating current generating units, totaling 39 MW of generating capacity. 63
BACKGROUND
Tha Thung Na Dam is located behind Srinagarind Dam. The dam construction project was under the Khwae Yai River Basin Development Plan. It was built across Khwae Yai River at the area of Ban Tha Thung Na, Chong Sadao Sub-district, Mueang District, Kanchanaburi Province. The construction started in December 1977 and was completed in March 1981. The official opening of the dam was performed on April 16, 1978. Tha Thung Na Dam can draw the water used for power generation in Srinagarind Dam to generate electricity again. Moreover, the water in Tha Thung Na Dam can be pumped back for power generation in Srinagarind Dam. This is an efficient water resource management. 64
KANGKRACHAN DAM
65
LOCATION Kaeng Krachan District, Phetchaburi Province 66
DAM FEATURES Type Earth dam Height 58 meters Crest length 760 meters Crest width 8 meters Reservoir’s area 46.5 square kilometers Reservoir’s storage capacity 710 million cubic meters
GENERATING CAPACITY The powerhouse accommodates a 19 MW generator. 67
BACKGROUND
Kangkrachan Dam was built across Phetchaburi River in the area of Mai Ruak Hill and Chao Hill in Kaeng Krachan District of Phetchaburi Province. The construction of the dam commenced in 1961 and was completed in 1966. The opening ceremony of the dam was performed by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej on May 22, 1966. The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) installed a power generator at Kangkrachan Dam and started the construction of the power plant in November 1971. The construction was completed for power generation in August 1974. After a long operation, the power plant had been modified in November 2008 to increase the efficiency of power generation. The operation of the power plant was restarted in May 2010. 68
PAKMUN DAM
69
LOCATION Khong Chiam District, Ubon Ratchathani Province 70
DAM FEATURES Type Height Crest length Crest width
Diversion dam of compacted concrete 17 meters 300 meters 7.5 meters
GENERATING CAPACITY The power plant houses four 34 MW generators, totaling 136 MW of generating capacity. 71
BACKGROUND
The Mun River Basin Development Project was developed in 1967 by National Power Office with the cooperation of French Government for feasibility study. The study and survey was completed in 1970 with the conclusion that the dam should be built to store water at Kaeng Tana which is 4 km away from Mun River Estuary. However, as the project would have an impact on many people living in the area, it was suspended until 1984 when there was a decision to move the dam site up north over the river, 2 km away from Kaeng Tana. The project was approved by the Government on May 15, 1990, and the construction was completed at the end of 1994. After that, the project was transferred to under the responsibility of EGAT in 1979 when EGAT started a review and study on engineering, ecology, and environment until 1988 to avoid any possible problems and impacts. 72
LAM TAKONG JOLABHA VADHANA POWER PLANT
73
LOCATION Between Sikhio District and Pak Chong District, in Nakhon Ratchasima Province 74
DAM FEATURES Type Height Crest length Reservoir’s storage capacity
Rockfill dam 50 meters 2,170 meters 10.3 million cubic meters
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GENERATING CAPACITY Lamtakong pumped storage hydropower plant is situated 350 meters underground. The total capacity will be 1,000 MW. The project is divided into 2 phases.
- Phase 1 There has been an installation of two pumped storage generating units, and each has the generating capacity of 250 MW. - Phase 2 Two more pumped storage generating units will be installed, and each has the generating capacity of 250 MW. 76
BACKGROUNDS
The northeastern part of Thailand covers a large area and is the most populated region of the country. The expansion of towns during the past years has increased the higher demand for electricity than the available capacity of power generation in the region. Therefore, the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand had to consider the construction of the first reversible pump storage hydropower plant which is the modern technology in power generation in this region. The power plant construction had started in 1994 and was completed in 2004. On July 17, 2009, the power plant was named by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej as “Lamtakong Jolabha Vadhana Power Plant” meaning “Lamtakong Power Plant is the place where the light is created by means of water.” 77
On June 13, 2013, Her Royal Highness Maha Chakri Sirindhorn represented His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej in performing the opening ceremony of the power plant. Lamtakong Jolabha Vadhana Power Plant is the last power plant in the reign of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej which has received the auspicious name by the King. 78
Lamtakong Wind Turbines As it has been discovered later that the average wind speed over the upper reservoir of Lamtakong Jolabha Vadhana Power Plant is averagely 5-6 meters per second suitable for the development of wind turbine farm, two 1,250 kW wind turbines totaling 2,500 kW of installed capacity were constructed by EGAT. Later, the additional 12 wind turbines (two MW each), have been installed to make the total generating capacity of 26,500 kW.
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EGAT Learning Center The learning center at Lamtakong which is under construction will exhibit electricity generation technologies such as pumped storage and wind power as well as storage system for renewable power. The electricity supplied to the building comes from the 12 wind turbines through hydrogen fuel cell system, while the oxygen produced from the system will be circulated in the learning center building as well.
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MAE MOH POWER PLANT
81
LOCATION Mae Moh District, Lampang Province 82
GENERATING CAPACITY Mae Moh power plant consists of 10 generating units, i.e. Units 4-13. The Units 1-3 were decommissioned from the operation. Having a production capacity of 2,180 MW, the Mae Moh Power Plant can supply 50% of the electricity to the northern area, 30% to the central area, and 20% to the northeastern area of Thailand. The fuel consumption is approximately 16 million tons yearly.
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Capacity (MW)
Operation Year
Units 1 - 3
75 each
1978 - 1981 (decommissioned)
Units 4 - 7
140 each
1984 - 1985
Units 8 - 13
270 each
1989 - 1995
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BACKGROUND
In 1971, in the reign of King Rama VI, it was found that there were lignite sources in the area of Mae Moh District in Lampang Province and Klong Khanan District in Krabi Province. In the reign of King Rama VII, these lignite sources were reserved for official use only. In 1954, a royal decree was issued to establish the Lignite Authority to actively operate the Mae Moh Lignite Mine. The Mae Moh Mine had been producing and selling lignite to tobacco factories in the north as well as to railways factory and cement factory. In 1968, the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand was established by the promulgation of the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Act, B.E. 2511 (1968) which merged the assets and operation of Lignite Authority, Yanhee Electricity Authority, and the Northeastern Electricity Authority. Since then the Mae Moh Lignite Mine which is the largest mine of Thailand has been operated under the responsibility of EGAT. On August 17, 1972, EGAT started the construction of Mae Moh Power Plant Units 1-2 with the installed capacity of 75 MW each and expanded the Mae Moh Mine to increase its production. 85
FACILITIES Accommodation The guest houses provide the visitors with natural peacefulness amid the mountains and beauty of various species of trees.
Restaurant The club house is where the visitors can enjoy their food and the view of the mine and golf course.
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Golf Course Mae Moh’s golf course in Mae Moh Mine covers an area of 236 rai with standard 18 holes. Here, the design, maintenance, and landscape were emphasized to comply with international standard.
Mae Moh Mexican Sunflower Field The Mexican Sunflower Field covers an area of 500 rai, originated from the soil in the mine pit being piled up to build a hill which is higher than the ground level for 200 meters. During winter, in November and December, the Mexican Sunflower will blossom.
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EGAT Learning Center Mae Moh Mine Museum in Commemoration of King Rama VII is located on the hill in the area of Mae Moh Mine’s botanical garden. It was built to raise awareness on coal power and importance of Mae Moh Mine which helps support the security of power system of the country. Electricity generation process and measures to reduce impacts on environment and community are also shown here. Inside the museum, there is a room for geology exhibition, the history of Mae Moh Mine, and electricity generation technology. Around the museum building, the outdoor exhibition to show mining tools and machines is available.
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BANG PAKONG POWER PLANT
89
LOCATION Bang Pakong District, Chachoengsao Province 90
GENERATING CAPACITY Bang Pakong Power Plant is comprised of both thermal units and a combined cycle block.
Capacity (MW) Thermal Power Plant Units 3 - 4
1,152
Combined Cycle Power Plant Block 5
710
91
BACKGROUND In 1967, a survey of petroleum and natural gas sources had been conducted in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea. In 1973, the first natural gas field with sufficient quantity of natural gas for commercial purpose was discovered and known later as “Erawan Field.� Pipelines were laid under the sea to convey the natural gas onshore at Rayong Province. Therefore, the natural gas production started in Thailand since 1981. EGAT, as the main electricity producer in the country, started implementing the construction project of Bang Pakong Power Plant on the left bank of Bang Pakong River in Chachoengsao Province. The construction commenced in 1977. The opening ceremony of Bang Pakong Power Plant was performed by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej and Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn on January 8, 1985. It is the first power plant using natural gas a s m a i n fuel i n r esp o n se t o t h e government policy relating local energy source development which saves a large amount of foreign currency. 92
KRABI POWER PLANT
93
LOCATION Nuea Khlong District, Krabi Province 94
GENERATING CAPACITY
Now Krabi Power Plant houses a thermal 315 MW generating unit which was designed to use both of natural gas and bunker oil as fuel. 95
BACKGROUND Initially, Krabi Power Plant had the total generating capacity of 60 MW and started supply electricity in 1964. After the 31-year operation, the power plant was decommissioned from the system on September 30, 1995.
In 1996, the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand had proposed for an approval of the Cabinet to construct a new 315 MW thermal power plant in the former site. The environmental impact assessment had been approved by the Cabinet on April 29, 1997. The construction was completed in 2003, and the official operation of power supply started on January 28, 2004.
96
SOUTH BANGKOK POWER PLANT
97
LOCATION Mueang District, Samut Prakan Province 98
GENERATING CAPACITY South Bangkok Power Plant consists of 3 combined cycle generating blocks.
Block 1 Gas turbine Steam turbine Block 2 Gas turbine Steam turbine Block 3 Gas turbine Steam turbine
Capacity (MW) 2 x 100 1 x 116 2 x 187 1 x 188 2 x 230 1 x 250 99
TOTAL
Operation Year
316
1994
562
2007
710
2009
BACKGROUND South Bangkok Power Plant Project was included in Power Development Plan (B.E. 2510-2514) which aimed to add thermal power plants as the baseload source and hydropower plants as supplementary source during high power demand. The project was approved by the Cabinet on May 16, 1967. His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej graciously performed an opening ceremony of the power plant on November 6, 1972.
The South Bangkok Power Plant Project was originally a thermal power plant fueled with bunker oil. Later when natural gas was discovered in the Gulf of Thailand, the modification was made for the power plant to be combined cycle using natural gas instead of bunker oil. The modification of the units 3 and 5 were completed in 1981, Unit 4 in 1982, while Units 1 and 2 in 1985. Responding to the increasing power demand during 1991-1996, EGAT proposed to the Government to construct South Bangkok Combined Cycle Power Plant Block 1. Until today a total of 3 combined cycle generating blocks were constructed to meet the rising demand due to economic and industrial growth, especially the site of South Bangkok Power Plant is surrounded by many industrial plants. 100
NAM PHONG POWER PLANT
101
LOCATION
Khon Kaen Province, 18 kilometers away from Ubol Ratana Dam, 5 kilometers away from Nam Phong substation, and 3 kilometers away from Nam Phong natural gas resource 102
GENERATING CAPACITY Nam Phong Power Plant is comprised of 2 generating blocks with the total capacity of 650 MW. Each block is comprised of two 110 MW gas turbines and a 105 MW steam turbine.
Block 1 Gas turbine Steam turbine Block 2 Gas turbine Steam turbine
Capacity (MW) 2 x 110 1 x 105 2 x 110 1 x 105
103
TOTAL 325 325
Operation Year 1990 1992 1993 1994
BACKGROUND
Due to the continuous economic growth of Thailand during the past year, the demand for electricity has increased rapidly. The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand had proposed a plan for construction of Nam Phong Power Plant using natural gas from Nam Phong Gas Field in Khon Kaen Province as fuel.
The construction project of Nam Phong Power Plant Block 1 was approved on April 8, 1989 and started on May 16, 1989, while Nam Phong Power Plant Block 2 was approved on September 16, 1991, and its construction started on May 16, 1994. 104
WANG NOI POWER PLANT
105
LOCATION Wang Noi District, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province 106
GENERATING CAPACITY Wang Noi Power Plant is comprised of 4 generating blocks with the total capacity of 2,660 MW.
Block 1 Block 2 Black 3 Block 4
Capacity (MW) 612 612 686 750
107
Operation Year 1997 1997 1998 2014
BACKGROUND Wang Noi Power Plant Development Project was approved by the Cabinet to construct the combined cycle generating blocks 1-3 on October 5, 1993 with an aim to support the industrial estate that had expanded in the lower central Thailand. After the environmental impact assessment procedure, EGAT started the construction of three combined cycle blocks which gradually commenced their commercial operation from 1997 to 1998.
When the economic and industrial growth resulted in the increasing power demand in the central Thailand, the Power Development Plan 2010 (B.E. 2553-2573) required EGAT to construct the combined cycle generating block 4 in the existing area of Wang Noi Power Plant. The construction project was approved by the Cabinet on February 22, 2011 and completed for commercial operation in May 2014. After that, with the necessity to replace the old power plants for maintaining the security of the power system in the upper metropolitan area, the PDP 2015 (B.E. 2558-2579) has included Wang Noi Power Plant Replacement Project Blocks 1-3. Blocks 1-2 with the total capacity of 1,300 MW will be commercially operated in 2023, and Block 3 with the capacity of 1,300 MW is expected to start commercial operation in 2025. 108
CHANA POWER PLANT
109
LOCATION Chana District, Songkhla Province 110
GENERATING CAPACITY Chana Power Plant is a combined cycle power plant with high efficiency. It comprises two generating blocks with the total generating capacity of 1,476 MW.
Block 1 Block 2
Capacity (MW) 710 766 111
Operation Year 2008 2014
BACKGROUND As a significant economic, commercial, and investment center of the southern part of Thailand, Songkhla Province has the highest electricity demand. To support the stability of the electricity system in the South of which the economic and industrial growth has a tendency to continue, the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand had proposed a project to construct a new power plant in the Power Development Plan 2004.
The construction of Chana Power Plant Block 1 was approved by the Cabinet in June 2005 and started commercial operation in 2008, and to comply with PDP 2007 revision 2 (B.E. 2551-2564), Chana Power Plant Block 2 was approved in February 2011 and started supplying the power to the system in 2014. On November 9, 2015, Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn performed the opening ceremony of the power plant. 112
EGAT Learning Center EGAT Learning Center at Chana Power Plant is the knowledge center on energy and power generation. The exhibition aims to create the exciting and memorable experience for the visitors. The knowledge gained can be applied in the daily life, while the energy-saving awareness will be raised.
113
114
NORTH BANGKOK POWER PLANT
115
LOCATION Bang Kruai District, Nonthaburi Province 116
GENERATING CAPACITY North Bangkok Power Plant is comprised of 2 generating blocks with the total capacity of 1,498 MW.
Capacity (MW) 670 828
Block 1 Block 2 117
BACKGROUND North Bangkok Power Plant is the first modern thermal power plant in Thailand. The history of the power plant dates back to the origin of the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT). At the time of the construction of Bhumibol Dam or Yanhee Dam, Yanhee Electricity Authority (YEA) was established to supervise the dam construction and the dam management after the construction was completed. During the dam construction, Yanhee Steam Turbine Power Plant alternatively known as North Bangkok Power Plant was constructed by YEA in 1959 to cope with electricity demand, and it was officially opened on May 17, 1961.
The former North Bangkok Power Plant was regarded as “the role model� of modern power plants in Thailand, which had supplied electricity to Thailand for 40 years. In 2001, the power plant was decommissioned from the system and removed. Later, the present North Bangkok Combined Cycle Power Plant (NBCC) was constructed in the same area to cope with the increasing demand and to stabilize the system reliability. The present North Bangkok Power Plant is a combined cycle power plant fueled by natural gas. Commenced in December 2006, NBCC was officially operated in September 2010. Later, NBCC Block 2 was built in accordance with the National Power Development Plan of 2004-2015 in response to the demand growth. The project was approved by the Cabinet on July 10, 2012, and the commercial operation date was January 15, 2016. 118
EGAT Learning Center EGAT Learning Center, Headquarters is located on the bank of Chao Phraya River next to North Bangkok Power Plant. It is a 4-story building with the total area of 6,200 square meters of which the exhibition area is 4,259 square meters or accounting for 69%.
119
The building is designed based on the concept of green building to be certified by Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), USA which is a rating system to evaluate the environmental performance of a building. Moreover, with the universal design, the building is inherently accessible to older people, people without disabilities, and with disabilities. The learning center’s concept is to create entertainment and indefinite imagination as an energy theme park. The media at the center focus the contents of electricity basic knowledge, electricity generation technologies, Thai electricity background, EGAT’s missions, vision, and strategies, as well as ASEAN and overseas energy situation. It is expected that the learning center at EGAT Headquarters will be officially opened by 2018. 120
FANG GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT
121
LOCATION Fang District, Chiang Mai Province 122
GENERATING CAPACITY 0.3 MW, with the underground water temperature of 130 ยบC
123
BACKGROUND EGAT in cooperation with Department of Mineral Resources and Chiang Mai Province had studied and surveyed the geothermal power source in Fang District in 1978. It was found that the hot water underground is suitable for power generation. Then in 1989, EGAT started construction of Fang Geothermal Power Plant. Apart from power generation, the geothermal power here is applied for drying agricultural crops such as onion, garlic, longan, and chilli. Moreover, the excessive hot water is used for physical therapy in the mineral bathing room.
124
KHLONG CHONG KLUM SOLAR POWER PLANT
125
LOCATION Watthana Nakhon District, Sa Kaeo Province 126
GENERATING CAPACITY
0.02 MW
127
BACKGROUND After the pilot project of solar panel installation in EGAT provincial sites yielded the satisfying results, and the progression of solar cell technology was expected to reduce its cost in the near future, EGAT decided to develop the commercial scale of solar power. EGAT chose the site of Khlong Chong Klum Hydropower Plant to install 20 kW solar cells in 1986 with the plan to test a hybrid system of solar and hydropower as there is an existing small 20 kW hydropower generator in the site. In 1988, the Khlong Chong Klum Solar Power Plant was connected to the distribution system of Provincial Electricity Authority.
128
PHROMTHEP CAPE RENEWABLE ENERGY POWER PLANT
129
LOCATION Phromthep Cape, Phuket Province 130
GENERATING CAPACITY
0.19 MW of wind power and 0.01 MW of solar power 131
BACKGROUND
In 1983, EGAT chose Phromthep Cape, Phuket Province as a site for wind turbine installation. Originally, the 6 small sets of wind turbines were installed and tested. In 1992, two more 10 kW wind turbines were installed and connected to the distribution system of Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA). Moreover, EGAT had installed anemometers to collect the wind data for many continuous years to make sure that the site has the high average wind speed. Later in 1996, EGAT installed a 150 kW commercial-scale wind turbine to supply electricity to PEA distribution system. At present, Phromthep Cape Renewable Energy Power Plant is comprised of 0.19 MW wind turbines and 0.01 MW solar cells. 132
SAN KAMPHAENG SOLAR POWER PLANT
133
LOCATION San Kamphaeng District, Chiang Mai Province 134
GENERATING CAPACITY
0.014 MW
135
BACKGROUND
EGAT installed 14 kW solar panels at San Kamphaeng Solar Power Plant in Chiang Mai Province and connected to the distribution system of Provincial Electricity Authority on June 18, 1993. It is the country’s third solar power plant that has been connected to the grid following Khlong Chong Klum Solar Power Plant and Phromthep Cape Renewable Energy Power Plant, and the first one in the northern region. 136
PHA BONG SOLAR POWER PLANT
137
LOCATION Mueang District, Mae Hong Son Province 138
GENERATING CAPACITY
0.50 MW
139
BACKGROUND Mae Hong Son Province is situated on the country’s western border and mostly covered with mountains and forests. It is the only province that EGAT cannot construct the 115 kV transmission line to connect to the main grid because of forestry conservation. The electricity can be supplied to the province only through 22 kV transmission line of Provincial Electricity Authority with the distance of 200 km. Originally, Mae Hong Son Province had a 4.7 MW hydropower plant and a 5.4 MW diesel power plant which could not meet the high rising demand every year. EGAT then decided to develop Pha Bong Solar Power Project to increase the power capacity in the province. EGAT’s decision to choose solar power for adding in the system can reduce impacts on environment and enhance the further research and development in the future.
140
EGAT Learning Center
141
EGAT Learning Center in the area of Pha Bong Solar Power Plant is under construction. The concept of this learning center is to disseminate knowledge on smart grid, EGAT’s project being developed in Mae Hong Son Province, in which renewable energy and storage system will be used to supply power in the province under the automatic control system with information technology. After the construction of the learning center is completed, the visitors will enjoy the multimedia exhibition which will also cover details of smart city being developed in the province, where electrical vehicles and electrical charging stations will be provided. Last but not least, a smart billboard showing power generation and consumption of the city will be installed in the learning center to raise the public awareness on power saving and efficiency. 142
THAP SAKAE SOLAR POWER PLANT
143
LOCATION Thap Sakae District, Prachaup Khiri Khan Province 144
GENERATING CAPACITY
5 MW
145
BACKGROUND EGAT has continuously conducted the research and developed electricity generation from renewable energy coupled with conventional fuel to comply with Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP2015) of Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency, Ministry of Energy. Thap Sakae Solar Power Plant can reflect EGAT’s determination to use new innovations and technologies to increase the efficiency of renewable power facilities.
EGAT wants the plant to be the research center of the efficiency of electricity generation from solar power by installing 4 types of solar cells within the same area comprising of 1 MW Crystalline Silicon, 2 MW Amorphous Silicon, 1 MW Micro Amorphous Silicon, and 1 MW Copper Indium Galliam Di-Selenide. The first type is water-weighted solar tracking system, while the other three are fixed system. EGAT will collect the data and compare how efficient each type of solar cells is under the climate of coastal area with changeable weather condition and the whole year of rain. With the success, it will become the prototype for the solar power plants in the southern part and coastal sites. 146
EGAT Learning Center
147
The Thap Sakae Learning Center was built with the power-saving building design covering an area of 1,700 square meters. The architecture design was inspired from local building in the coastal area and fisherman boat. The center provides knowledge on power, especially renewable energy including solar, wind, hydro, and biomass. A highlight of the center is 4D theatre and exhibition inspired from amusement park with cartoon characters representing natural power to attract interested people. Another highlight is a tower where the visitors can view over the solar panels. Last but not least, the learning center exhibits the history of Thap Sakae, the long lasting community. 148
EGAT The electricity generated from EGAT’s dams and power plants which are comprised of many types including thermal, combined cycle, and renewable energy must meet the demand of every sector. EGAT will further maintain the power system reliability together with environmental and social care for the happiness and quality life of all Thais, especially the people in the vicinity of EGAT’s power plants and dams.