Tapatío 13 de septiembre by EL INFORMADOR

'6/%"%03&4 +FT·T ~MWBSF[ EFM $BTUJMMP 7 +PSHF ~MWBSF[ EFM $BTUJMMP ;

pannt Ln]p_dapp( p]j hafko `a h] BEH* L cej] oaeo

&%*503 %*3&$503 $BSMPT ~MWBSF[ EFM $BTUJMMP (

Bn]j_eo_k Ah ]o( qj] lnkiao] `a h] ]nmqepa_pqn] mqa t] ao qj] na]he`]`*

"º0 9$7** 50.0 $$$-97* /Á.&30

4&$$* /

?Q=@ANJK @A HA?PQN=

L cej] _ej_k

1 , ]Ê °]Ê " "Ê £ÎÊ Ê- */ , Ê ÊÓä£x

-Õ«iÀÛ Ã À\Ê >Ê, `À }ÕiâÊ> >°À `À }ÕiâJ v À >` À°V ° ÝÊÉÊ iiÊ Õ âÊ> iiJ v À >` À°V ° Ý &- */'03."%03 t " )*/0+04"

LANBEH $SFBEPS EF VOB FTDVFMB W ,,>v>i Ê1ÀâÖ>Ê À >ÃÊ >V Ê i Ê Vi«V ÊìÊ Õi ÃÊ ÀiÃ]Ê« L >V ÊÛiV >Ê>Ê >â> Ì >]Êi Ê£nÊìÊÃi«Ì i LÀiÊìÊ £ äx]Êi Êi ÊÃi ÊìÊÕ >Ê>V `>`>Êv> >°Ê-ÕÊ }>ÀÊÃiÊ ÕL V>L>Ê>Ê« V ÃÊ iÌÀ ÃÊìÊ >Ê >V i `>ÊìÊ >Êv> >ÊìÊ Õ ÃÊ >ÀÀ>}? °ÊÊ W ÕiÊ i LÀ ÊìÊ >Êº}i i À>V Êì ÊÓ{»]ÊÞ>ÊµÕiÊiÃÌÕ` Ê Õ Ì Ê>Ê } >V Ê >âÊ À> iÃÊÞÊ Õ ÃÊ >ÀÀ>}? Êi Ê >Ê ÃVÕi >Ê LÀiÊìÊ }i iÀ >]Ê` ìÊ L ÌÕÛ Êi ÊÌ ÌÕ ÊìÊ }i iÀ >À µÕ ÌiVÌ Êi ÊÃi«Ì i LÀiÊìÊ £ Ón°Ê ÕiÊV >L À>` ÀÊViÀV> ÊÞÊ> } ÊìÊ Õ ÃÊ >ÀÀ>}? ]Ê >ÊµÕ i iÃÊ >âÊ À> iÃÊìÃ VÀ LiÊV \Êº ÀµÕ ÌiVÌ ÃÊ > Ì ÃÊ>Ê ÃÊµÕiÊ ÊV ÃÌ>L>Ê }Ö ÊÌÀ>L> ÊÌi iÀÊÌ> i Ì »°Ê W Ã ìÀ>` ÊÀi} > ÃÌ>ÊÞÊ >ÕÌ ÀÊìÊ >Êº ÃVÕi >Ê/>«>Ì >»Ê Õ Ì ÊV ÊÃÕÃÊ> } ÃÊìÊ >Ê}i iÀ>V Êì ÊÓ{]ÊÃÕÊ LÀ>ÊÃiÊ ` Ã Ì }ÕiÊ« ÀÊi ÊÕÃ ÊìÊ >Ìi À > iÃÊ >ÌÕÀ> iÃ]ÊV Ê >ÊÀi >Ê ìÊ >ìÀ>ÊÌ À i>`>]Ê >ÊV> Ìi À>ÊÞÊ ÃÊi i i Ì ÃÊÌÀ>` V > iÃÊìV À>Ì Û ÃÊ«À `ÕV i ` Ê Õ >Ê>ÀµÕ ÌiVÌÕÀ>ÊÃi V >Ê>Ê L>ÃiÊìÊ Õi} ÃÊìÊÛ Ö i iÃ]Ê > Ì ÃÊ` Ìi iÃ]Ê>ÀV Ã]Ê ÕViÃÊÞÊ Ã LÀ>Ã°Ê W ÃÌÀÕÞ Ê >ÊV>Ã>Êì Ê` «Õ Ì>` Ê, }i Ê,ÕL Êi Ê£ Îx]Ê >Ê

>Ã>Ê6?âµÕiâÊ ÀÀ Þ Êi Ê£ ÎÈÊ ÞÊ >ÊV>Ã>Êì Ê` VÌ ÀÊ Õ ÃÊ >À> Ê i Ê£ ÎÇ]ÊV Ã ìÀ>`>ÊÃÕÊ LÀ>Ê >iÃÌÀ>°Ê W ÕÀ Êi Ê£nÊìÊ VÌÕLÀiÊìÊ £ £°

$"4" '"3") $POTUSVÓEB FO MB GJODB FT DPOTJEFSBEB VOB EF MBT PCSBT NBFTUSBT EF 3BGBFM 6S[ÞB "SJBT TJO FNCBSHP GVF JO UFSWFOJEB FO TV JOUFSJPS RVFEBOEP TØMP FM DBTDBSØO

Una simbiosis arquitectónica entre sierra y ciudad -B BSRVJUFDUVSB EF 3BGBFM 6S[°B FTUVWP JOTQJSBEB FO TV MVHBS EF PSJHFO Á$PODFQDJªO EF #VFOPT "JSFTÁ Z MBT JOGMVFODJBT RVF BERVJSJª FO FM UJFNQP RVF IBCJUª FO MB 1FSMB UBQBU¤B 1PS *MTF .BSU½OF[

BGBFM 6S[ÈB "SJBT DSFDJÂ WJFOEP QJOPT SPCMFT Z FODJOPT MPDBMJ[BEPT FO MBEFSBT RVF DPOGPSNBO QBJTBKFT EF FOTVF ÁP BWJTUBOEP QBOPSBNBT MMFOPT EF GJHVSBT HFPN¹USJDBT USB[BEBT QPS MB OBUVSBMF[B Z RVF JOTQJSBO IBTUB B MBT BM NBT N²T TFODJMMBT Z TPÁBEPSBT DPNP MB TVZB 2VJ[² GVF FO $PODFQDJÂO EF #VFOPT "JSFT VO QP CMBEP DFSDBOP B .B[BNJUMB QVFCMP OBUBM EFM BSRVJUFD UP FO EPOEF BM NJSBS MB BSNPO½B EF MB 4JFSSB EFM 5JHSF EFTDVCSJÂ MB JNQPSUBODJB EF RVF MBT DPTBT UFOHBO VO FRVJMJCSJP Z CBKP FTB M½OFB DPOTUSVZÂ TVT PCSBT &TUF QSÂYJNP WJFSOFT EF TFQUJFNCSF FT FM BOJWFS TBSJP OÈNFSP EFM OBDJNJFOUP EFM BSRVJUFDUP KBMJTDJFO TF 3BGBFM 6S[ÈB VOP EF MPT DSFBEPSFT EF MB MMBNBEB FT DVFMB UBQBU½B EF BSRVJUFDUVSB KVOUP B -VJT #BSSBH²O *HOBDJP %½B[ .PSBMFT Z 1FESP $BTUFMMBOPT RVJFO FT SF DPOPDJEP QPS FM FRVJMJCSJP Z MB BSNPO½B EF TVT PCSBT Z QPS MB TFODJMMF[ EF TV QFSTPOB &M BSRVJUFDUP $BSMPT $PSSFB $FTFÁB JOWFTUJHBEPS EF MB 6OJWFSTJEBE EF (VBEBMBKBSB SFDVFSEB RVF 3BGBFM 6S [ÈB "SJBT MMFHÂ EF $PODFQDJÂO EF #VFOPT "JSFT B WJWJS B (VBEBMBKBSB DVBOEP BÈO OP FYJTU½B MB &TDVFMB EF "SRVJ UFDUVSB QPS MP RVF TF GPSNÂ FO MB FOUPODFT &TDVFMB -JCSF EF *OHFOJFSPT FO EPOEF TF FODPOUSÂ DPO -VJT #BSSBH²O i"I½ IVCP VOB TJNCJPTJT FOUSF FM USBCBKP EF VOP Z PUSP DBEB RVJFO IBD½B TV USBCBKP 3BGBFM EJTFÁBOEP #BSSBH²O FO MB QSPNPDJÂO EF TV BSRVJUFDUVSB FOUSF MPT EPT IJDJF SPO FTB TJNCJPTJT RVF MFT QFSNJUJÂ DSFBS VOB DVMUVSB QSP QJB EF +BMJTDPw &M JOWFTUJHBEPS SFNFNPSB RVF FO FTF FOUPODFT MB DJVEBE UFO½B VOB JOGMVFODJB BSRVJUFDUÂOJDB EF DBS²DUFS FVSPQFP TJO FNCBSHP MPT BSRVJUFDUPT QSPQVTJFSPO WPM UFBS B WFS MP OVFTUSP DBVTBOEP VO JNQBDUP DVMUVSBM NVZ GVFSUF RVF EFWJOP FO FM NPWJNJFOUP MMBNBEP iSFHJPOBMJT NPw i&TUP QFSNJUJÂ RVF (VBEBMBKBSB TF DPOWJSUJFSB FO VOB QSPWJODJB DPO DVMUVSB BSRVJUFDUÂOJDB QSPQJB RVF FO SJRVFDJÂ B MB DVMUVSB EF .¹YJDPw $PSSFB $FTFÁB EFTUBDB RVF 6S[ÈB "SJBT BQPSUÂ B FTUB DPSSJFOUF DÂEJHPT GPSNBMFT NVZ DBSBDUFS½TUJDPT

RVF TF QVFEFO PCTFSWBS FO MB DBTB EFM EPDUPS -VJT 'B SBI 7BMMBSUB BT½ DPNP MP RVF IJ[P FO TV QVFCMP OBUBM FO TV DBTB P FM QBOUFÂO i3FTBMUB MB BSRVJUFDUVSB WFSO²DVMB RVF TF EB FO MB TJFSSB 3BGBFM UPNB NVDIP MBT GPSNBT JODMVTP MBT GVODJPOFT EF FTUB QBSUF EF +BMJTDP Z DMBSP MBT QMBTNB FO JOHSFTPT QBUJPT DFOUSBMFT NBOF KP EFM FTQBDJP BCJFSUP DPO FM QSJWBEP Z FM DFSSBEP MB DPNCJOBDJÂO QBSB QPEFS UFOFS MB QPTJCJMJEBE EF JOUFS DBNCJBS MBT GVODJPOFT EF MB WJWJFOEB FTP MF WB B EBS BQPSUB BM SFHJPOBMJTNPw &M FTQFDJBMJTUB TVCSBZB RVF 6S[ÈB "SJBT VUJMJ[B FM NV SP DPNP VO FMFNFOUP FTUSVDUVSBM OP TÂMP EF EJWJTJÂO BT½ DPNP EJCVKPT RVF QPOF EFOUSP EF FTUF "EFN²T DPOTJEF SB RVF GVF VO NBFTUSP BM NPNFOUP EF VUJMJ[BS MBT BMUVSBT MP RVF MF EJP WFSTBUJMJEBE i.BOFKB MP RVF FT VO QBTJMMP QB SB FOUSBS Z EJTUSJCVZF EF MPT FTQBDJPT UBOUP FO MB [POB EF OPDIF MB EF E½B MPT EF USBOTJDJÂO Z FO FTQFDJBM VOPT USJ²O HVMPT RVF MF EB FTB QPTJCJMJEBE EF USBOTQBSFODJBw

RVF 6S[ÈB DPOPDJÂ FM MJCSP i-PT KBSEJOFT FODBOUBEPTw EF 'FSEJOBOE #BD RVF MF SFHBMÂ #BSSBH²O BM SFHSFTP EF VOP EF TVT WJBKFT i&O FM MJCSP FM WF MPT QBJTBKFT Z FM UJQP EF DB TB OP DBCF EVEB N²T RVF IBCFS EFTDVCJFSUP BMHP TF WJP SFGMFKBEP B T½ NJTNP FTP FT NVZ JNQPSUBOUF QPSRVF TF BQPEFSÂ EF MPT EJCVKPT EF #BD Z MPT FNQF[Â B JOUFSQSFUBS Z SFBMJ[BS DPO TV QSPQJB WJTJÂOw *OEJDB RVF EF .B[BNJUMB USBTMBEÂ B TV PCSB DPNP MBT HSBOEFT WJHBT EF NBEFSB SFNBUFT Z TPCSF UPEP VOPT SBT HPT RVF EFMBUBCBO FRVJMJCSJP i$PNP MB RVF IJ[P FO $PO DFQDJÂO EF #VFOPT "JSFT MB DPODMV½B DPO VOB TFSJF EF WFO UBOBT RVF FODPOUSBCB FO MPT IVFTBSJPT Z MBT FNQF[BCB B UPNBS FT DJFSUBNFOUF CBSSPDP EFOUSP EFM SFHJPOBMJTNPw 1BSB FM BSRVJUFDUP T½ FYJTUF EJGVTJÂO EFM USBCBKP EFM BSRVJUFDUP BVORVF OP FM TVGJDJFOUF BT½ RVF EJDF TF S½B JNQPSUBOUF RVF MPT FTUVEJBOUFT DPOP[DBO QPS FKFN QMP MB $BTB 'BSBI RVF iFT VO QSPZFDUP TJOHVMBS RVF NF SFDJÂ FMPHJPT TF BEFMBOUB B MB BSRVJUFDUVSB UBQBU½B QPS VOB TFSJF EF DVCPT Z IBZ WFOUBOJUB EF VOB FTUSFMMB RVF WBMF MB QFOB B JS B WFSMB FTUBS VOP NJOVUPT Z SFUJSBSTFw $SFBEPS EF KBSEJOFT &M BSRVJUFDUP +VBO -BO[BHPSUB 7BMM½O BDBE¹NJDP EFM *5&40 BEWJFSUF RVF FM MVHBS EF OBDJNJFOUP EF 3BGBFM 6S 4V MBCPS DPNP GVODJPOBSJP Q·CMJDP [ÈB "SJBT JOGMVZÂ NVDIP FO TV PCSB BEFN²T EF MB TFOTJ &O FM MJCSP i$IBQBMJUB DJVEBE KBSE½Ow EF (VJMMFSNP CJMJEBE BERVJSJEB QPS IBCFS TJEP QSJNFSP JOHFOJFSP Z (ÂNF[ 4VTUBJUB TF IBCMB EF RVF GVF 3BGBFM 6S[ÈB "SJBT EFTQV¹T BSRVJUFDUP i'VF FM TFHVOEP EFTQV¹T EF -VJT #B RVJFO BQSPCÂ MBT PCSBT EF VSCBOJ[BDJÂO RVF BSSBODBSPO SSBH²O 6S[ÈB WFO½B EF .B[BNJUMB EPOEF FSB VO IPNCSF FO MB BWFOJEB (VBEBMVQF FM EF GFCSFSP EF DVBO SFDPOPDJEP Z QFSUFOFD½B BM TFDUPS TPDJBM FMFWBEP ¹M OP UF EP FM BSRVJUFDUP GVOH½B DPNP EJSFDUPS EF 0CSBT 1ÈCMJDBT O½B MPT NJTNPT DPOPDJEPT Z FTP MP IJ[P FTUBS B MB TPNCSB EF (VBEBMBKBSB QFSP UBOUP #BSSBH²O DPNP *HOBDJP %½B[ .PSBMFT TJFN $BSMPT $PSSFB $FTFÁB EFTUBDB RVF 6S[ÈB "SJBT IJ QSF MP DPOTVMUBCBOw [P VO HSBO USBCBKP DPNP GVODJPOBSJP QÈCMJDP QPSRVF 5BNCJ¹O QVOUVBMJ[B RVF FT JNQPSUBOUF SFDPOPDFS BEFN²T EF TFS VOB QFSTPOB TFODJMMB UFO½B VOB DBQBDJEBE MB QBSUJDJQBDJÂO EF 3BGBFM 6S[ÈB FO MBT QSJNFSBT PCSBT FOPSNF EF USBCBKP i M IJ[P FTDVFMBT TF QSFPDVQÂ QPS MB EF -VJT #BSSBH²O DPNP MB $BTB *UFTP $MBWJKFSP i&M EJTF TJUVBDJÂO EF DBMMFT Z EF MB QMBOFBDJÂO VSCBOB KVOUP DPO ÁP FO SFBMJEBE UJFOF USFT QBESFT -VJT #BSSBH²O UVWP MB "VSFMJP "DFWFTw JEFB QFSP RVJFO PSRVFTUÂ MB PCSB FO TVT EFUBMMFT OP IBZ .JFOUSBT RVF +VBO -BO[BHPSUB 7BMM½O EFTUBDB RVF EVEB RVF GVF 3BGBFM 6S[ÈB F *HOBDJP %½B[ .PSBMFT UBN 6S[ÈB IJ[P VOB HSBO MBCPS FO 0CSBT 1ÈCMJDBT NPEJGJDBO CJ¹O BQPSUÂ VOB QBSUFw EP QMBOPT Z MMFWBOEP MB GJMPTPG½B EF MPT +BSEJOFT FODBOUB (SBDJBT B FTUB BNJTUBE -BO[BHPSUB 7BMM½O QPOEFSB EPT B MB DJVEBE

1~(*/" #

&- */'03."%03 &- */'03."%03

>À >Ê*> >À

Ê /1, -ÊÊ 6 , -

Efk`Z`Xj [\ cX gi\_`jkfi`X (SFDJB &M BSRVFÂMPHP TVJ[P +VMMJFO #FDL EF MB VOJWFSTJEBE EF (JOFCSB EJSJHF VO FRVJQP RVF FTUVEJB VOB DJVEBE QSFIJTUÂSJDB IVOEJEB FO MB DPTUB PSJFOUBM EFM 1FMPQPOFTP FO MB QFRVFÁB CBI½B EF ,JMBEB Z B QP DPT NFUSPT EF MB QMBZB -PT SFTUPT TF IBMMBO FO BHVBT TPNFSBT Z IBT UB FM NPNFOUP IBO BSSPKBEP DFSDB EF TFJT NJM PCKFUPT TPCSF UPEP USP [PT EF DFS²NJDB RVF QFSNJUFO EBUBS FM BTFOUBNJFOUP TF USBUB EF VOB DJVEBE GPSUJGJDBEB EF MB FEBE EF CSPODF EFM UFSDFS NJMFOJP B $ ¹QP DB FO MB RVF TF DPOTUSVZFSPO MBT QJS²NJEFT EF &HJQUP 'VF VO QFSJP EP EF GMPSFDJNJFOUP EF MBT DVMUVSBT EFM BSDIJQJ¹MBHP EF MBT $½DMBEFT QFSP RVF FT CBTUBOUF NBM DPOPDJEP FO MB IJTUPSJB EF MB (SFDJB DPOUJ OFOUBM 5PEBW½B OP TF DBSUPHSBG½B FM TJUJP OJ TF EFUFSNJOB MB FYUFOTJÂO EF MB DJVEBE DVZB TVQFSGJDJF IBTUB BIPSB EFUFDUBEB FT EF N²T EF VOB IFDU²SFB )BDF WFJOUF NJM BÁPT FM OJWFM NFEJP EF MPT NBSFT FSB NFUSPT NFOPS RVF FM BDUVBM HSBDJBT B MP DVBM FM UFSSJUPSJP EF &VSPQB FSB N²T HSBOEF *OHMBUFSSB "SRVFÂMPHPT EF MB VOJWFSTJEBE EF #JSNJOHIBN Z EFM *OTUJUVUP -VEXJH #PMU[NBOO EF 7JFOB JEFOUJGJDBSPO CMPRVFT EF QJFESB FO UFSSBEPT CBKP BQSPYJNBEBNFOUF VO NFUSP EF UJFSSB FO %VSSJOHUPO 8BMMT B NFOPT EF USFT LJMÂNFUSPT EF 4UPOFIFOHF FO FM TVSPFTUF EF *OHMBUFSSB 1BSB FMMP VTBSPO UFDOPMPH½B EF QVOUB DPNP VO SBEBS EF QFOFUSBDJÂO EFM TVFMP -BT QJFESBT N²T HSBOEFT NJEFO IBTUB DVBUSP NFUSPT Z NFEJP Z DPOTUJUV½BO VO DPOKVOUP NPOVNFOUBM FO GPSNB EF $ EF NFUSPT EF EJ²NFUSP Z EF DJSDVOGFSFODJB &M FTQFDJB MJTUB 7JODFOU (BGGOFZ FYQMJDB RVF CBKP FTPT SFTUPT FYJTUF PUSP DPOKVO UP EF VOPT BÁPT EF BOUJHÊFEBE QPS MP RVF TFS½B DPOUFNQPS² OFP EF 4UPOFIFOHF P JODMVTP BOUFSJPS TFHÈO VO DPNVOJDBEP EFM 4UPOFIFOHF )JEEFO -BOETDBQFT 1SPKFDU 4JHVF TJFOEP VO NJTUFSJP DÂNP GVFSPO USBOTQPSUBEBT FTBT HSBOEFT QJFESBT Z BMJOFBEBT BM QB SFDFS TFHÈO MPT NPWJNJFOUPT TPMBSFT &TQBÁB .BOVFM $VFWBT VO JOWFTUJHBEPS JOEFQFOEJFOUF JOGPSNÂ B MB +VOUB EF "OEBMVD½B EFM IBMMB[HP NFEJBOUF GPUPHSBG½BT UPNBEBT QPS TBU¹MJUF EFTEF LJMÂNFUSPT EF BMUVSB EF VOB DJVEBE TFQVMUBEB DFS DB EF 4BOMÈDBS EF #BSSBNFEB KVOUP B MB EFTFNCPDBEVSB EFM (VBEBM RVJWJS 4FHÈO $VFWBT MBT GPUPHSBG½BT NVFTUSBO DVBUSP HSBOEFT FEJGJDJPT Z VOB QPCMBDJÂO EF DVBOEP NFOPT BÁPT EF BOUJHÊF EBE BM QBSFDFS EFTUSVJEPT QPS VOB JOVOEBDJÂO TÈCJUB 4V UFPS½B UFO ES² RVF TFS DPNQSPCBEB NFEJBOUF FYDBWBDJPOFT P DVBOEP NFOPT DPO DBUBT P UPNPHSBG½BT EFM TVFMP -B QSPGVOEJEBE B MB RVF TF FODVFOUSBO Z MPT DBNCJPT FO FM OJWFM EFM NBS JOEJDBS½BO RVF MBT SVJOBT TPO N²T BOUJHVBT RVF MBT HSBOEFT FTUSVDUVSBT FHJQDJBT P NFTPQPU²NJDBT Z SF NJUFO B VOB ¹QPDB DVBOEP MB EFTFNCPDBEVSB EFM S½P (VBEBMRVJWJS FSB VO HSBO FTUVBSJP 5PEP QBSFDFS½B JOEJDBS RVF TF USBUB EF SFTUPT EF MB DVMUVSB MMBNBEB UVSEFUBOB MPT UVSEFUBOPT GVFSPO VO QVFCMP QSF SSPNBOP RVF IBCJUBCB FO VOB SFHJÂO RVF JCB EFTEF FM "MHBSWF FO 1PSUVHBM IBTUB MB 4JFSSB .PSFOB IUUQ XXX MFQPJOU GS TDJFODF VOF DJUF FOHMPVUJF EF M BHF EV CSPO[F EFDPVWFSUF FO HSFDF @ QIQ IUUQ MCJ BSDIQSP PSH DT TUPOFIFOHF IUUQ XXX BCD FT DVMUVSB BCDJ JOWFTUJHBEPS JO GPSNB DJVEBE BOUJHVB IUNM

%PNJOHP EF TFQUJFNCSF EF

Una pensión del Estado por tener “alergia” al Wi-fi 8*,*.&%*"

3&"$$*»/ .BSJOF 3JDIBSE BTFHVSB TFS IJQFSTFOTJCMF B MBT POEBT FMFDUSPNBHOÏUJDBT QPS FMMP IB UFOJEP RVF WJWJS FO VOB MFKBOB DBCB×B

$JFOU¤GJDPT SFDIB[BO VOB TFOUFODJB GSBODFTB RVF SFDPOPDF MB IJQFSTFOTJCJMJEBE FMFDUSPNBHO UJDB T¤OUPNBT SFBMFT QFSP TJO VOB DBVTB EFNPTUSBEB 1PS .BOVFM "OTFEF &M 1B½T

B DPNVOJEBE DJFOU½GJDB IB TB MJEP FO USPNCB B DSJUJDBS MB EF DJTJÂO EF VO USJCVOBM GSBOD¹T EF DPODFEFS VOB QFOTJÂO B VOB NVKFS RVF TF EFDMBSB BM¹S HJDB BM 8J GJ )BDF VOPT NF TFT MB GSBODFTB .BSJOF 3JDIBSE TF EFTQMPNÂ FO QSFTFODJB EF TV BCPHBEB 3PEFBEB EF EJTQPTJ UJWPT FMFDUSÂOJDPT DBZÂ BM TVFMP DPNP VO TBDP EF QBUBUBT 3JDIBSE VOB BVUPSB UFBUSBM Z QPFUB EF BÁPT WJWF BIPSB FO VOB DBCBÁB EF MB SF HJÂO QJSFOBJDB EF "SJ¼HF BMFKBEB EF MB DJWJMJ[B DJÂO

&MMB Z TV BCPHBEB IBO DPOTFHVJEP VOB TFOUFODJB IJTUÂSJDB FO &VSPQB VOB KVF[ GSBO DFTB IB EBEP MB SB[ÂO B 3JDIBSE RVJFO DSFF TV GSJS MB EFOPNJOBEB IJQFSTFOTJCJMJEBE FMFDUSP NBHO¹UJDB -B TFOUFODJB EJDUBEB QPS VO USJCVOBM EF MP DPOUFODJPTP EF 5PVMPVTF FM EF KVMJP BVORVF QBTÂ EFTBQFSDJCJEB SFDPOPDF VOB EJTDBQBDJEBE EF B MB BGFDUBEB Z PCMJHB B MBT BVUPSJEBEFT MPDBMFT B QBHBSMF FVSPT BM NFT QBSB FOUSF PUSBT DPTBT iDPNQSBS MFÁB QBSB DB MFOUBSTFw FO TV SFGVHJP EF MBT NPOUBÁBT .JMFT EF QFSTPOBT BTFHVSBO TVGSJS IJQFS TFOTJCJMJEBE FMFDUSPNBHO¹UJDB VOB FUJRVFUB SFDPOPDJEB QPS MB 0SHBOJ[BDJÂO .VOEJBM EF MB 4BMVE QBSB SFGFSJSTF B iVO BCBOJDP EF T½OUPNBT

JOFTQFD½GJDPT RVF EJGJFSF EF JOEJWJEVP B JOEJ WJEVPw -PT T½OUPNBT FO PDBTJPOFT NVZ HSBWFT FYJTUFO QFSP MB 0.4 TVHJFSF RVF TV PSJHFO OP FTU² FO MPT BWBODFT UFDOPMÂHJDPT TJOP FO MB QSPQJB NFOUF EF MPT BGFDUBEPT 5PEBT MBT FOUJEBEFT DJFOU½GJDBT DPJODJEFO &M ÈMUJNP JO GPSNF EF GFCSFSP EF QSPWJFOF EFM $P NJU¹ $JFOU½GJDP EF MPT 3JFTHPT 4BOJUBSJPT &NFSHFOUFT Z 3FDJFOUFNFOUF *EFOUJGJDBEPT $$34&3* SFWJTÂ FTUVEJPT DJFOU½GJDPT TPCSF FM UFNB TJO FODPOUSBS FGFDUPT FO MB TB MVE DPO MPT BDUVBMFT M½NJUFT MFHBMFT i-BT JOWFTUJHBDJPOFT SFBMJ[BEBT IBTUB BIPSB BQVOUBO B RVF MB FYQPTJDJÂO B DBNQPT FMFDUSPNBHO¹UJDPT EF SBEJPGSFDVFODJB OP FT MB DBVTB EF FTUPT T½OUPNBTw SFMBUBEPT QPS MPT FMFDUSPTFOTJCMFT TPTUJFOF FM G½TJDP HSJFHP 5IFPEPSPT 4BNBSBT QSFTJEFOUF EFM HSVQP EF FYQFSUPT EFM DPNJU¹

-/ -Ê,1 - /" "Ê",/1!"

&- */'03."%03 t " ("3$¶"

Experimentos

B DJFODJB OP FT MP N½P /P TF NF NBMFO UJFOEB UFOHP VO IFSNBOP OFVSPCJÂMP HP RVF FT VO TBCJP Z IF TJEP MFDUPS EF WPUP EF HFOUF DPNP FM OFVSÂMPHP 0MJWFS 4BDLT SFDJFOUFNFOUF GBMMFDJEP FM BT USÂOPNP $BSM 4BHBO FM OBUVSBMJTUB (F SBME %VSSFMM Z FM FOTBZJTUB N¹EJDP 'SBODJTDP (PO[² MF[ $SVTTJ 2VJ[² OP TFB ZP DBOEJEBUP B MB "DBEFNJB EF MBT $JFODJBT QFSP BM NFOPT OP BOEP QPS BI½ IBCMBO EP EF iWJCSBTw Z GBOUBTNBT DPNP TJ GVFSB VO DBWFSOB SJP /P " MP RVF NF SFGJFSP FT B FTB QBSUF EF MBT DJFO DJBT RVF UJFOF RVF WFS DPO QPOFS B QSVFCB FO MB QS²DUJDB MP RVF FOTFÁB MB UFPS½B 5PEP DPNFO[Â DPO NJ QSJNFSB WJTJUB B VO MB CPSBUPSJP DPO FM SFTUP EF NJ HSVQP FTDPMBS DVBOEP FSB BEPMFTDFOUF 5VWJNPT RVF QPOFSOPT CBUJUBT CMBODBT Z VOPT DVCSFCPDBT Z BWBO[BNPT FO GJMB IBTUB MBT TJMMBT FO MBT RVF EFC½BNPT TFOUBSOPT KVO UP B VOPT QSFUJMFT FMFWBEPT TPCSF MPT RVF TF FODPO USBCBO NJDSPTDPQJPT NBUSBDFT UVCPT EF FOTBZP Z SFDJQJFOUFT EJWFSTPT 2VJTP NJ NBMB GPSUVOB RVF GVFSB BDPNQBÁBEP QPS EPT EF NJT BNJHPT BQPEB EPT DPNP FM i&MFHBOUFw RVF IBC½B IFSFEBEP VOB HSBO DBOUJEBE EF DIPDMPT DPO TVFMB EF CBRVFUB Z MPT VTBCB IBTUB FO DMBTF EF EFQPSUFT Z FM i.JTFSJBTw RVF FSB BIPSB MP T¹ CJQPMBS QPSRVF UFSNJOBCB TVT DIJTUFT FNPDJPO²OEPTF Z MMPSBOEP 1VFT CJFO FM i&MFHBOUFw Z FM i.JTFSJBTw EFEJDBCBO TV E½B B EBS TF EF NPRVFUFT Z FDIBSTF NBMP FM VOP BM PUSP Z FM MBCPSBUPSJP MFT QBSFDJÂ FTDFOBSJP JEFBM QBSB DPOUJ OVBS TV HVFSSJUB .JFOUSBT OVFTUSPT DPNQBÁFSPT PDVQBCBO TVT MVHBSFT Z DPNFO[BCBO B WBDJBS DPN QPOFOUFT FO TVT WBTPT EF QSFDJQJUBEP FM i&MFHBO UFw EJKP BMHP TPCSF MB IFSNBOB EFM i.JTFSJBTw RVJFO DPNP VO DBCBMMFSP TF PGFOEJÂ Z SFTQPOEJÂ DPO VO QVÁFUB[P i.JTFSJBTw FOUSFOBCB CPYFP Z TV EFSF DIB NBOEÂ B WPMBS BM i&MFHBOUFw RVJFO DPNP FO MB

DBOUJOB EF VO XFTUFSO TF EFTMJ[Â B MP MBSHP EF MB NFTB EF USBCBKP BSSBTUSBOEP DPOTJHP QSPCFUBT NJ DSPTDPQJPT Z NBUSBDFT EFKBOEP B TV QBTP VO UJSB EFSP NPOVNFOUBM "OUFT EF RVF FM QSPGFTPS QVEJF SB SFUPSDFSMF FM QFTDVF[P VO NFDIFSP EF #VOTFO UFSNJOÂ FO MB DPSUJOB 4BMJNPT FO FTUBNQJEB NJFO USBT FM UVUPS TF EFEJDBCB B BQBHBS MBT JODJQJFOUFT MMB NBT DPO VO FYUJOUPS $PNP TJ GV¹SBNPT MPT 5SFT $IJMGMBEPT DPNFO [BNPT B FDIBSOPT MBT DVMQBT QPS FM JODJEFOUF ZP OJ QFHV¹ OJ GVJ BHSFEJEP QFSP NJ SJTB QBSFDF RVF IB C½B TJEP EFNBTJBEP FWJEFOUF Z QPS UBOUP QSPWPDB EPSB Z BDBCBNPT B HPMQFT 6O EFSFDIB[P EF i.J TFSJBTw NF QVTP FM PKP NPSBEP &M QSPGFTPS OPT WJP UBO NPMJEPT RVF DVBOEP UFSNJOÂ EF MJNQJBS FM MB CPSBUPSJP OP TF UPNÂ MB NPMFTUJB EF DBTUJHBSOPT 0GSFDJÂ QPOFSOPT MB DBMJGJDBDJÂO N½OJNB TJ OP WPM W½BNPT B QPOFS FM QJF FO TV DMBTF .J TJHVJFOUF FODPOUSPOB[P DPO MB DJFODJB TVDF EJÂ IBDF VOPT BÁPT BM JOUFOUBS EPOBSMF TBOHSF B VOB U½B 6O QSBDUJDBOUF N¹EJDP DPO VOPT BJSFT EF TVGJ DJFODJB NF DPMPDÂ VOB MJHB FO FM BOUFCSB[P Z DPNFO [Â B iCVTDBSNFw MB WFOB $VBOEP MB FODPOUSÂ QSPDF EJÂ B QJODIBSNF 4ÂMP MF GBMUÂ EFTUBQBS MB KFSJOHB 4F MP TFÁBM¹ 4V BSSPHBODJB FSB UBM RVF BTFHVSÂ RVF BT½ EFC½B TFS Z TJHVJÂ SBTD²OEPNF DPO FM UBQÂO QM²TUJDP -VFHP GJOHJÂ RVF NJ WFOB iOP TF EFKBCBw Z RVJTP DPO WFODFSNF EF RVF OP QPE½B EPOBS -P FTDVDI¹ DPN QSFOTJWP $VBOEP TF EJP MB WVFMUB SFDPCS¹ MB KFSJOHB EFM CPUF EF CBTVSB Z DBNJO¹ DPO TV TVQFSWJTPS i"Z FTF 1BDPw EJKP FM UJQP DVBOEP MF SFGFS½ MB IJTUPSJB .BOEÂ MMBNBS VOB FOGFSNFSB RVF NF TBDÂ NFEJP MJ USP FO NJOVUPT 1FSP PMWJEÂ FUJRVFUBS FM GSBTRVJUP Z BM GJOBM IVCP RVF UJSBSMB QPSRVF ZB TF IBC½B DPO GVOEJEP DPO MB EF VOPT FOGFSNPT EF EFOHVF .F GVJ EF BMM½ DPOWFODJEP EF RVF MB DJFODJB TF CVSMB EF OPTPUSPT

%PNJOHP EF TFQUJFNCSF EF

1~(*/" #

&- */'03."%03

- -

À µÕiÊ/ ÕÃÃ> Ì] analista político

Europa fortaleza VSPQB OVODB EFKB EF TPSQSFOEFS :B TFB QPS VOB SFQPSUFSB IÈOHBSB EFT RVJDJBEB RVF TJO FM NFOPS SFDBUP QB UFB B SFGVHJBEPT TJSJPT NJFOUSBT DP SSFO IBDJB MB UJFSSB RVF QVFEF QSFTFSWBS TV JOUFHSJEBE Z MB WJEB EF TVT GBNJMJBSFT 0 RV¹ EFDJS EF MPT N²T EF LJMÂ NFUSPT EF NVSP GSPOUFSJ[P RVF IBO DPOTUSVJEP MPT HPCJFSOPT EF #VMHBSJB Z )VOHS½B QBSB FWJUBS RVF MMFHVFO SFGVHJBEPT EF 0SJFOUF .FEJP FM EPCMF EF FYUFOTJÂO RVF FM .VSP EF #FSM½O 0 QPS FM DPOUSB SJP FO MB NJTNB &VSPQB VOB TPDJFEBE DPNP MB CBS DFMPOFTB FO MB RVF TV BMDBMEFTB "EB $PMBV Z NJMFT EF GBNJMJBT TF PGSFDFO B SFDJCJS FO TVT NJTNBT DB TBT CBKP TVT UFDIPT B SFGVHJBEPT RVF EFKBO B VOB 4JSJB DBQUVSBEB FOUSF MB EJDUBEVSB EF #BTIBS "M "T TBE Z FM TBOHVJOBSJP &TUBEP *TM²NJDP 0 DÂNP PMWJ EBS B FTPT NJM JTMBOEFTFT RVF TF PGSFDJFSPO B EBS SFGVHJP FO TVT DBTBT B MPT TJSJPT RVF DSV[BO FM .F EJUFSS²OFP FTF QFRVFÁP QB½T EFM /PSUF EFM "UM²O UJDP RVF DBEB E½B OPT EB N²T MFDDJPOFT EF EFNP DSBDJB Z IVNBOJEBE &VSPQB TF NVFWF TJFNQSF FO FTB EJDPUPN½B 6OB DBSB MB EF MPT FVSPQFPT RVF IBDFO EF MB YFOP GPCJB Z FM EFTQSFDJP BM PUSP EJTUJOUP FM DJNJFOUP EF TV JEFOUJEBE QPM½UJDB MB VMUSBEFSFDIB EF .BSJOF -F 1FO P (FFSU 8JMEFST EFM 1BSUJEP 1PQVMBS QPS MB -J CFSUBE Z MB %FNPDSBDJB EF )PMBOEB : FTB PUSB DB SB MB TPMJEBSJB MB RVF FOUJFOEF MB PCMJHBDJÂO IJTUÂ SJDB EF &VSPQB Z RVF BCSF MPT CSB[PT QBSB SFDJCJS

&M QSPZFDUP FVSPQFP TF EJSJNF FO MB DPOUSBEJDDJªO FOUSF MB MJCFSUBE EF NPWJNJFOUP EF QFSTPOBT BM JOUFSJPS Z MPT HSBOEFT NVSPT RVF MB TFQBSBO EFM NVOEP FYUFSJPS SFGVHJBEPT USBUBSMPT DPO OPUBCMF IVNBOJEBE Z IB DFS UPEP MP QPTJCMF QBSB JOUFHSBSMPT FO VOB TPDJF EBE EFNPDS²UJDB BCJFSUB Z MJCFSBM -BT SFEBEBT NJ MJUBSFT EFM (PCJFSOP IÈOHBSP DPOUSBTUBO DPO FM iXFMDPNF SFGVHFFTw RVF FOHBMBOB MB TFEF EFM (P CJFSOP NVOJDJQBM EF .BESJE "T½ EF FTRVJ[PGS¹OJDB FT &VSPQB BT½ EF JNQSFEFDJCMF

-B 6OJ°O Z TVT DPOUSBEJDDJPOFT -B 6OJÂO &VSPQFB FT FO FTFODJB VO QSPZFDUP EF QB[ 5SBT MB 4FHVOEB (VFSSB .VOEJBM MPT QB½ TFT EF &VSPQB EFDJEJFSPO DFEFS TV TPCFSBO½B B VO NPOTUSVP CVSPDS²UJDP FO #SVTFMBT RVF MFT BTFHV SÂ QSPTQFSJEBE QB[ Z FTUBCJMJEBE /J MPT GSBODFTFT EFKBSPO EF TFS GSBODFTFT OJ MPT QPSUVHVFTFT EFKB SPO EF TFS QPSUVHVFTFT iMB 6OJÂO FO MB EJWFSTJEBEw &VSPQB DPOTUJUVZÂ MB HVBSJEB USBT MPT USBVNBT EFM FOGSFOUBNJFOUP NJMJUBS N²T TBOHVJOBSJP EF MB IJT UPSJB EF MB IVNBOJEBE 6O NFSDBEP DPNÈO JOTUJ UVDJPOFT EF SFQSFTFOUBDJÂO DPNVOFT Z SFTQFUP B MPT EFSFDIPT IVNBOPT QBWJNFOUBSPO FM DBNJOP FVSP QFP IBDJB VO GVUVSP MJCSF EF PQSFTJÂO Z TPNFUJNJFO UP JEFPMÂHJDP 4F BDBCÂ FM FYQBOTJPOJTNP FVSPQFP TF BDBCBSPO MPT SBEJDBMJTNPT &M WJWP SFDVFSEP EF MPT NJMMPOFT EF NVFSUPT BMJOFÂ B MPT QB½TFT FV SPQFPT FO CVTDB EF VO BDVFSEP RVF EFUVWJFSB FM EFSSBNBNJFOUP EF TBOHSF QBSB TJFNQSF &T JOOFHBCMF RVF FM QSPZFDUP EF .PO OFU Z EF 4DIVNBO FT IPZ VO ¹YJUP -JCSF DJSDVMBDJÂO EF QFSTPOBT MJCSF DJSDVMB DJÂO EF DBQJUBM MPT DPOGMJDUPT TF SFTVFM WFO TJO EFSSBNBNJFOUP EF TBOHSF Z &V SPQB FT MB UJFSSB N²T QSÂTQFSB F JHVBMJUBSJB EFM NVOEP )BZ VOB NPOFEB

DPNÈO Z MPT GPOEPT FTUSVDUVSBMFT IBO MPHSBEP EP UBS EF EFTBSSPMMP N½OJNP B UPEPT MPT UFSSJUPSJPT EF &VSPQB 4JHVF IBCJFOEP EJTQBSJEBEFT MBT IBZ 4J HVF IBCJFOEP EJGFSFODJBT FOUSF FM /PSUF Z FM 4VS FT JOEJTDVUJCMF 4JHVF IBCJFOEP DPSSVQDJÂO FO #SVTF MBT IBZ RVF TFS DJFHP QBSB OP WFSMB 4JHVF IBCJFO EP E¹GJDJU EFNPDS²UJDP BIPSB N²T RVF OVODB : TJ HVF IBCJFOEP QB½TFT RVF UPNBO EFDJTJPOFT QPS FODJNB EF UPEPT "MFNBOJB QBSUJDVMBSNFOUF 4JO FNCBSHP TJ DPOUSBTUBNPT MB GPUP EF B MB &V SPQB FO MMBNBT EJWJEJEB Z TJO SVNCP DPO MB JNBHFO EF MB &VSPQB EF IPZ FM QSPHSFTP FT EFTDPNVOBM 4JO FNCBSHP MB NJHSBDJÂO IBDJB &VSPQB FT VO QSPCMFNB JHOPSBEP -PT QB½TFT EFM 4VS EF &VSPQB BRVFMMPT RVF UJFOFO GSPOUFSB DPO MPT QB½TFT EFM /PS UF EF GSJDB IBO IFDIP EFM .BS .FEJUFSS²OFP VOB GPTB EF NVFSUF Z WFSHÊFO[B DPO FM BNQBSP EF MPT QB½TFT DFOUSBMFT EF &VSPQB &TF FTQBDJP HFPHS²GJ DP DVOB EF DJWJMJ[BDJPOFT "UFOBT 3PNB &M $BJ SP FT IPZ FM FTDFOBSJP EF VO ESBNB IVNBOJUBSJP TJO QSFDFEFOUFT &O MP RVF WB EF NJM NJ HSBOUFT Z SFGVHJBEPT IBO DSV[BEP FM NBS RVF EJWJ EF B &VSPQB EFM DPOUJOFOUF BGSJDBOP 2VF EJWJEF B MB QSPTQFSJEBE EF MB NJTFSJB 4FJT EF DBEB JONJ HSBOUFT RVF CVTDBO TVFMP FVSPQFP MP IBDFO B USB W¹T EFM .FEJUFSS²OFP Z EF MPT JONJHSBOUFT iDMBOEFTUJOPTw -BNFOUBCMFNFOUF TÂMP FO N²T EF USFT NJM JONJHSBOUFT NVSJFSPO FO FM .FEJ UFSS²OFP %FM PUSP MBEP FO MBT DPTUBT FVSPQFBT FM SFDJCJNJFOUP OP FT QSPQJP EF FTUBEPT RVF TF KBDUBO EF EFGFOEFS MB EFNPDSBDJB MB JHVBMEBE Z FM IVNB OJUBSJTNP &O .FMJMMB &TQBÁB MPT JONJHSBOUFT TF EFCFO FOGSFOUBS B WBMMBT RVF SFDPSSFO UPEB MB GSPO UFSB Z RVF DPNP FTDBSNJFOUP BEJDJPOBM UJFOFO DV

/05*.&9

DIJMMBT QBSB IBDFS EBÁP B BRVFMMPT RVF TF BUSFWBO B SFUBS TV BMUVSB -B &VSPQB EF MB QSPTQFSJEBE MB BQFSUVSB MB NVMUJDVMUVSBMJEBE TF USBOTGPSNB FO MB &VSPQB DFSSBEB MB EF MPT NVSPT MB EF MB EJWJTJÂO MB &VSPQB GPSUBMF[B

&M QSPZFDUP EF MB VMUSBEFSFDIB &VSPQB WJWF VO iNPNFOUP NJHSBUPSJPw /P QPSRVF BMHVOB WF[ FM UFNB IBZB EFKBEP EF TFS EF BDUVBMJEBE TJOP QPSRVF FO UPEPT MPT QB½TFT FVSP QFPT EFTEF MB DSJTJT FDPOÂNJDB EF MPT QBSUJ EPT QPM½UJDPT TF WJFSPO PCMJHBEPT B DMBSJGJDBS TVT QPTUVSBT "EJÂT B MBT BNCJHÊFEBEFT MB FYUSFNB EF SFDIB FO FTUF EFCBUF OP TF NVFSEF MB MFOHVB DFSSBS GSPOUFSBT Z FYQVMTBS BVUPN²UJDBNFOUF B UPEPT MPT NJHSBOUFT FO TJUVBDJÂO JSSFHVMBS /BEB EF PGSFDFS SFGVHJP QPM½UJDP %POBME 5SVNQ TFS² VOB SBDJTUB QFSP OP MP TPO NFOPT FM 'SFOUF /BDJPOBM FO 'SBO DJB P FM 1BSUJEP EF MB -JCFSUBE FO "VTUSJB &O DPO USBQPTJDJÂO MB TPDJBMEFNPDSBDJB FVSPQFB TJHVF BCSB[BOEP MB JOUFHSBDJÂO EF MPT NJHSBOUFT MB TBMVE VOJWFSTBM QBSB UPEPT Z VOB QPM½UJDB BDUJWB EF SFDFQ DJÂO EF SFGVHJBEPT 4JO FNCBSHP MB DSJTJT FDPOÂNJ DB QSPWPDÂ RVF JODMVTP MPT TPDJBMJTUBT EFCJFSBO EF NBUJ[BS TVT QPTUVSBT Z TPTUFOFS RVF &VSPQB OP FT UBCB QBTBOEP FM NFKPS NPNFOUP DPNP QBSB SFDJCJS JMJNJUBEBNFOUF B QFSTPOBT RVF IVZFO EF MB QPCSF [B Z MB FYDMVTJÂO EF TVT QB½TFT EF PSJHFO -PT iVM USBTw TF NVFWFO DPNP iQFDFT FO FM BHVBw DVBOEP EF IBCMBS EF NJHSBOUFT TF USBUB 1FSP {EF WFSEBE &VSPQB WJWF VOB DSJTJT NJHSB UPSJB {2V¹ OPT EJDFO MPT OÈNFSPT %F BDVFSEP B MPT EBUPT EF MB $PNJTJÂO &VSPQFB FM QB½T DPO N²T QPCMBDJÂO JONJHSBOUF FYUFSOB B MB 6OJÂO &VSPQFB FT "MFNBOJB FM NPUPS FDPOÂNJDP EFM &VSP DPO VOB UBTB EF %FUS²T EF MB UJFSSB UFVUPOB FTU² &TQB ÁB DPO Z 3FJOP 6OJEP DPO &T EFDJS &V SPQB FTU² NVZ MFKPT EF MB TJUVBDJÂO RVF OBSSB .J DIFM )PVMCFDR FO TV OPWFMB i4VNJTJÂOw FO MB RVF SFUSBUB B VOB 'SBODJB HPCFSOBEB QPS MB )FSNBOEBE .VTVMNBOB Z EF HPMQF MB EFTUSVDDJÂO EF MBT JOTUJ UVDJPOFT MBJDBT Z MJCFSBMFT EFM &TUBEP GSBOD¹T )PZ FO E½B MPT JONJHSBOUFT OP TPO OJ EF DFSDB VOB BNF OB[B QBSB MPT WBMPSFT EFNPDS²UJDPT EF MB &VSPQB EF MB 1PTHVFSSB OJ UBNQPDP VO SJFTHP QBSB MB HPCFS OBCJMJEBE EF MB SFHJÂO *ODMVTP USBT DPODMVJSTF FM QSPHSBNB EF BQPZP B MPT SFGVHJBEPT QSFTFOUBEP QPS MB 6OJÂO &VSPQFB DPO FM RVF TF QSFUFOEFS EBS SFGV HJP QPM½UJDP B NJM TJSJPT FM QPSDFOUBKF FT NVDIP NFOPS B MPT EPT NJMMPOFT RVF IB BDFQUBEP 5VSRV½B P BM NJMMÂO Z NFEJP EF TJSJPT RVF MMFHBSPO B -½CBOP IVZFOEP EFM UFSSPS EFM EJDUBEPS Z EFM &TUBEP *TM² NJDP &VSPQB MP RVF WJWF FT VOB BVU¹OUJDB CBUBMMB QP M½UJDB FO EPOEF MB NJHSBDJÂO TF DJFSOF DPNP VO UÂ QJDP FTFODJBM -B VMUSBEFSFDIB FVSPQFB TF IB QSP QVFTUP EFTUSVJS MB 6OJÂO /P MP EJTJNVMBO BQVOUBO EJSFDUP B #SVTFMBT /P TPO MPT NJHSBOUFT FM PCKFUJ WP GJOBM OJ EF -F 1FO FO 'SBODJB OJ EF (FFSU 8JM EFST FO )PMBOEB Z NFOPT EF +ÄSE )BJEFS FO MB 'F EFSBDJÂO EF "VTUSJB -B EFOVODJB EFM NJHSBOUF ²SBCF FM EJTDVSTP EFM NJFEP RVF SFMBDJPOB FYUSBO KFSP DPO EFMJODVFODJB FM BUFOUBEP RVF QSFTVOUB NFOUF TVQPOF B MPT WBMPSFT PDDJEFOUBMFT FT TÂMP VO JOTUSVNFOUP RVF UJFOF DPNP PCKFUJWP EJOBNJUBS BM QSPZFDUP FVSPQFP EFSSJCBS FM BDVFSEP 4DIFOHFO RVF QFSNJUF MB MJCSF DJSDVMBDJÂO EF QFSTPOBT Z WPM WFS B MB &VSPQB EF MBT GSPOUFSBT MBT OBDJPOFT Z MBT CBOEFSBT -B VMUSBEFSFDIB FT GJFM BNBOUF EF MPT T½NCPMPT UPEP BRVFMMP RVF VOF B MB OBDJÂO VO SF UPSOP B MPT OBDJPOBMJTNPT DM²TJDPT TJFNQSF FTUBS² FO MB BHFOEB EF MB VMUSBEFSFDIB FVSPQFB )BDF BÁPT EBCBO SJTB TVT QPTUVMBEPT IPZ DPNP MP TFÁBMBO UP EBT MBT FODVFTUBT TPO N²T RVF VO NBM DIJTUF "M JHVBM RVF %POBME 5SVNQ FO &TUBEPT 6OJEPT MB EF OVODJB EF MPT QBSUJEPT NPEFSBEPT TPDJBMEFNÂDSB UBT Z EFNÂDSBUBT DSJTUJBOPT DPNP DPNQBSTBT EF MB NJHSBDJÂO JMFHBM Z DPNP BVU¹OUJDPT iDBCBMMPT EF 5SPZBw RVF BUFOUBO DPOUSB MPT WBMPSFT OBDJPOBMFT IBO QSPWPDBEP RVF FM EJTDVSTP BOUJNJHSBOUF TFB QSPGVOEBNFOUF SFOUBCMF QBSB MPT FYUSFNJTNPT /P TPZ JMVTP OP FTUBNPT DFSDB EF VO NVOEP EF GSPOUFSBT BCJFSUBT -PT FTUBEPT DPO TVT NVSPT Z TFQBSBDJPOFT FTU²O IPZ N²T WJWPT RVF OVODB -PT NFSDBEPT FM DBQJUBMJTNP IB MPHSBEP RVF MBT GSPO UFSBT OP TFBO N²T VO FTUPSCP QBSB FM GMVKP EF TVT NFSDBOD½BT QFSP FM NPWJNJFOUP MJCSF EF QFSTPOBT TJHVF TJFOEP VOB RVJNFSB RVF OP TF EJWJTB FO FM IPSJ[POUF DFSDBOP 4JO FNCBSHP MB NJTNB BE NJSBDJÂO RVF TFOUJNPT QPS VOB &VSPQB RVF TF SFQVTP B MB TFHVOEB HVFSSB Z BMDBO[Â MB QB[ EVSBEFSB FT MB NJTNB WFSHÊFO[B RVF TFOUJNPT IBDJB FTB &VSPQB RVF QFSNJUF RVF VO OJÁP TJSJP NVFSB BIP HBEP FO FM .FEJUFSS²OFP 6OB TPMB GPUPHSBG½B OPT JMVTUSÂ FM ESBNB NJ HSBUPSJP B DVFSQP FOUFSP %JKP "O HFMB .FSLFM RVF iTJ &VSPQB MF GBMMB B TVT SFGVHJBEPT OP TFS½B &VSPQBw &M NVOEP MF IB EBEP NVDIP B MPT FVSPQFPT FO MB TFHVOEB HVFSSB NVOEJBM "N¹SJDB SFDJCJÂ B NJMMP OFT EF SFGVHJBEPT RVF DPSS½BO EF MB WJPMFODJB MB NB TBDSF Z MB PQSFTJÂO EFM /BDJPOBM 4PDJBMJTNP "MF N²O EFM 'BTDJTNP *UBMJBOP Z EFM &TUBMJOJTNP TPWJ¹UJDP .¹YJDP FO QBSUJDVMBS GVF TPMJEBSJP Z FO DPOKVOUP DPOTUSVJNPT VOB QBUSJB NFKPS /P IBZ NVSP RVF EFUFOHB MB EFTFTQFSBDJÂO Z UBNQPDP IBZ NVSP UBO BMUP RVF MF QFSNJUB BM FVSPQFP QSÂTQFSP EF 1BS½T P EF #BSDFMPOB NJSBS B PUSP MBEP DPNP TJ MBT NVFSUFT FO FM .FEJUFSS²OFP GVFSBO QBSUF EF PUSP NVOEP VOP NVZ MFKBOP &T UJFNQP EF RVF MB 6OJÂO &VSPQFB SPNQB FTB GPSUBMF[B RVF MB TFQBSB EFM NVOEP EFSSJCF MB IJQPDSFT½B EF VO QSPZFDUP RVF TFHSFHB FO TVT DPTUBT Z BTVNB TV SFTQPOTBCJMJEBE IJTUÂSJDB DPO FM .BHSFC .FEJP 0SJFOUF Z &VSBTJB

1~(*/" #

&- */'03."%03 &- */'03."%03

%PNJOHP EF TFQUJFNCSF EF

>À ÃÊ À }Õi

Õ> Ê*> >À

9 ,Ê "-

, "Ê Ê1 Ê -* / ",

:fej`[\iXZ`fe\j jfYi\ cX m\a\q "USJCVZFO B 0TDBS 8JMEF MB BGJSNBDJÂO EF RVF MÂNBMP EF TFS WJFKP OP FT QSPQJBNFOUF TFSMP TJOP IBCFS TJEP KPWFO MP DVBM FT VOB WFSEBE NPOVNFOUBM Z N²T DPNP DVBOEP FM WJFKP WJWF FO VO QB½T UFSDFSNVOEJTUB DPNP QVFEF TFS FM OVFTUSP EJHP TJ BÈO OP CBKBNPT BM DVBSUP NVOEP RVF QVFEF TFS QFPS " QFTBS EF RVF FM HPCJFSOP FO UPEPT TVT OJWFMFT NFO UJSPTBNFOUF DPNP FT VTVBM FO OVFTUSPT BNBEPT HPCFSOBO UFT BOVODJBO QSPHSBNBT EF CFOFGJDJP QBSB MBT iDBCFDJUBT CMBODBTw i OVFTUSPT WJFKFDJUPTw Z TF MP FODPNJFOEBO B FTB DVFWB EF "M½ #BCB RVF FT MB 4&%&40- RVJFO EVQMJDB TV DPT UP Z QSPHSBNBT Z MBT SFQSPEVDF FO FTUBEPT Z NVOJDJQJPT FT UBO FWJEFOUF MP BOUFSJPS RVF TJNQMFNFOUF WFB VTUFE FM QSF TVQVFTUP EF FHSFTPT FM DPTUP EF TVFMEPT Z QSFCFOEBT EF MPT RVF SFQBSUFO Z DPNQ²SFMBT DPO MBT RVF TVQVFTUBNFOUF SF DJCFO QPSRVF OP UFOHP DFSUJEVNCSF EF RVF MFT MMFHVF FM BHVB Z MVFHP QMBUJDBNPT )BDF BÁPT FTDSJC½ RVF MP EFM TJTUFNB EF USBOTQPSUF OP TF BSSFHMBS½B QPSRVF FTFODJBMNFOUF QPSRVF OP IBC½B FOUPODFT OJ IBZ BIPSB VOB WFSEBEFSB WPMVOUBE EF BSSFHMBSMP &O BRVF MMPT E½BT QBSB RVF NJEBO FM UJFNQP USBOTDVSSJEP %JFHP .PO SB[ QPS DJFSUP MJTUP EF OVFWP QBSB FOUSBS B MB DBODIB CBKP FM NBOUP EFM NFHB BMDBMEF Z .BOVFM 7FSE½O SFDPSSJFSPO &VSP QB EPOEF MB NBZPS½B EF USBOTQPSUF FT EF QJTP CBKP Z MVFHP EF IBCFS WJBKBEP B TBUJTGBDDJÂO GVFSPO B BERVJSJSMP B `$PMPNCJB : BOVODJBSPO BRVFMMB CFMMB IJTUPSJB EF MB SVUB FNQSFTB FM QSF QBHP Z PUSBT GBMTBT BNFOJEBEFT 7BZB VTUFE B TBCFS QPS RV¹ GVFSPO BMM² B BERVJSJSMP QFSP DPO DFSUF[B OJ B FMMPT OJ B MPT RVF MFT TJHVJFSPO MFT JOUFSFTBO MPT WJFKPT DVBMRVJFS USBOTQPS UF RVF OP TFB EF G²DJM BDDFTP TJHOJGJDB RVF FM WJFKP RVF VUJMJDF FTF USBOTQPSUF MP IBDF CBKP TV QSPQJP SJFTHP Z EFTEF MVFHP FT QSVFCB N²T RVF FWJEFOUF EF RVF MPT WJFKPT OP JOUFSFTBNPT BM HPCJFSOP " MPT EF MB UFSDFSB FEBE TBMWP FYDFQDJPOFT OPT FTU² WF EBEP FM NVOEP DPNQVUBDJPOBM Z EF TJTUFNBT QFSP FTP BM HP CJFSOP MF WBMF MP RVF TF MF VOUB BM RVFTP BT TJ VTUFE RVJFSF USB UBS QPS NFODJPOBS BMHVOB EFQFOEFODJB EJHBNPT )BDJFOEB FM TFHVSP TPDJBM P MB 4FDSFUBSJB EF FDPOPN½B QVFT OP QPES² IBCMBS DPO FMMPT Z DVBOEP N²T MF EBS²O BTJTUFODJB QBSB DPNV OJDBSTF QPS FTF NFEJP TPMP QBSB EBSTF DVFOUB EF RVF QBSB DP NVOJDBSTF DPO DBEB VOP EF FMMPT OFDFTJUBS² EF VO QSPHSBNB Z EF VO TJTUFNB EJGFSFOUF ZB RVF FOUSF FMMPT OP TF DPNQBSUFO MP DVBM TJHOJGJDB VOB JOWFSTJÂO FDPOÂNJDB QFTBEB QBSB MB NBZPS½B EF WFKFTUPSJPT Z EFTEF MVFHP TJ TF FRVJWPDB OP IB CS² FM DM²TJDP VTUFE QFSEPOF EF DVBOEP FM HPCJFSOP TF FRVJ WPDB TJ VTUFE FT FM FRVJWPDBEP QJEB B RVJ¹O VTUFE DSFB RVF MP QVFEB QSPUFHFS RVF MP IBHB QPSRVF ZP OP DPOP[DP GVFS[B SF QSFTJWB N²T DSVFM F JOUPMFSBOUF RVF MB EFM FTUBEP -PT BOVO DJPT BQPDBM½QUJDPT Z MPT DBTUJHPT EFM GJOBM EF MPT UJFNQPT TFS²O BNBCMFT /P IBZ NBMEJDJÂO N²T HSBOEF FO OVFTUSP FOUPSOP RVF FM HPCJFSOP TF GJKF FO UJ

À > ` Ê â? iâÊ ÃV Ì

"-Ê " ", -ÊÊ

Ê/ *"

<[lZXZ`ªe \e Zlijf {4F JNBHJOB VTUFE MP RVF QPES½B IBDFSTF DPO NJM NJMMP OFT EF QFTPT &TB FT MB DBOUJEBE RVF .¹YJDP EFTUJOÂ FTUF BÁP QBSB MB FEVDBDJÂO QÈCMJDB 1FSP IBTUB MB GFDIB OJ FTB OJ DVBMRVJFS PUSB DBOUJEBE IB TJEP TVGJDJFOUF QBSB MPHSBS VOB TFSJF EF SFUPT RVF QFSNBOF DFO BCJFSUPT FMFWBS MB DBMJEBE FEVDBUJWB F JHVBMBSMB FO UPEP FM QB½T FMFWBS MB DBQBDJEBE QFEBHÂHJDB EFM NBHJTUFSJP FO UP EP FM TJTUFNB FEVDBUJWP NFYJDBOP OJWFMBS MB JOGSBFTUSVDUVSB OBDJPOBM BDUVBMJ[BS MPT QSPHSBNBT FEVDBUJWPT QBSB RVF HF OFSFO VOB OVFWB TPDJFEBE DSFBEPSB DPNQFUJUJWB DVBMJGJDB EB RVF TFB DPOUFNQPS²OFBNFOUF IPOFTUB IPOSBEB SFTQPO TBCMF EFNPDS²UJDB Z TPMJEBSJB 4JO EVEB RVF EBEBT MBT BDUVBMFT DJSDVOTUBODJBT DBEB VOB EF FTUBT QBMBCSBT FYJHF EF FYQMJDBDJPOFT BÁBEJEPT BDMBSBDJPOFT Z EFTHMPTFT QBSB FTDB QBS EF MB EFNBHPHJB EFM EJTDVSTP QPM½UJDP Z DPOWFSUJS MPT TVT UBOUJWPT FO HFOVJOPT WFSCPT PQFSBUJWPT Z DPOEVDUVBMFT /P CBTUB DPO TBCFS RV¹ TJHOJGJDB MB QBMBCSB IPOFTUJEBE P DSFBUJWJEBE TF SFRVJFSF DPOWFSUJSMBT FO BDUJUVEFT DPUJEJB OBT QSPNPWJEBT SFDPOPDJEBT Z FTUJNVMBEBT {1VFEF MPHSBS MP VO NBFTUSP RVF TF PTUFOUB DPO U½UVMP EF MJDFODJBEP TJO TFS MP {1VFEF IBCMBS EF IPOSBEF[ RVJ¹O KVTUJGJDB FM SPCP P FM BCVTP DPO MBT N²T FMFWBEBT SB[POFT {-F UPDB IBCMBS EF SFT QPOTBCJMJEBE B VO NBFTUSP RVF FODVCSF TV JODBQBDJEBE DBN CJBOEP EF UFNB {: DÂNP FOTFÁBS²O EFNPDSBDJB RVJFOFT GPS NBO QBSUF EF TJOEJDBUPT BVUPDS²UJDPT Z BÈO EJDUBUPSJBMFT TJO JONVUBSTF /BEB TFS½B N²T QBSBEÂKJDP RVF CVTDBS JODFOUJWBS MB DSFBUJWJEBE EFTEF VO FKFSDJDJP NBHJTUFSJBM QBTJWP SFQFUJUJ WP Z BOUJDVBEP 4PCSB NFODJPOBS DBTPT UBO MBNFOUBCMFT DP NP TPO MPT NBHJTUFSJPT EF 0BYBDB P (VFSSFSP 1PS TV QBSUF MB JHVBMBDJÂO FEVDBUJWB FYJHF SPNQFS MB CB SSFSB RVF FM UJFNQP Z MB JEJPTJODSBTJB IBO QVFTUP FOUSF FM TVS Z FM OPSUF EF .¹YJDP EFKBOEP FO FM SF[BHP B MPT FTUBEPT EFM TVS FO DPNQBSBDJÂO DPO MPT EFM OPSUF 0USP SFUP JHVBMNFOUF FYJHFOUF BVORVF QBSFDJFSB UBO TJNQMF FT BEFDVBS MPT DBMFOEBSJPT Z MPT IPSBSJPT FTDPMBSFT QB SB RVF DPMBCPSFO DPO PUSPT BTQFDUPT EF MB EJO²NJDB TPDJBM RVF DPO GSFDVFODJB QBSFDFO PMWJEBEPT QBSUJDVMBSNFOUF MBT JOTUJ UVDJPOFT EF FEVDBDJÂO TVQFSJPS RVF JNQPOFO B TVT BMVNOPT EPT IPSBT EF DMBTF QPS MB NBÁBOB Z USFT QPS MB UBSEF HSBDJBT B MP DVBM OP QVFEFO PCUFOFS VO FNQMFP RVF MFT BZVEF FDPOÂ NJDBNFOUF Z TJ EFCFO FSPHBS EJOFSP FO USBOTQPSUF BT½ MP QB HVFO DPO CJFOFWBMFT RVF OP EFKB EF TFS SFDVSTP QÈCMJDP NBM HBTUBEP DPO FTUF UJQP EF IPSBSJPT N²T QFOTBEPT QBSB GBWPSFDFS B MPT QSPGFTPSFT RVF B MPT BMVNOPT B MB TPDJFEBE B MPT JONVFCMFT FTDPMBSFT B MB FDPOPN½B GBNJMJBS B MB NPWJ MJEBE Z BM NFEJP BNCJFOUF ZB UBO EFUFSJPSBEP QPS FM US²GJDP WFIJDVMBS $MBSP RVF TJ TVNBNPT UPEPT FTUPT GBDUPSFT FM DPTUP EF MB FEVDBDJÂO FO .¹YJDP BVNFOUB NVDIP N²T BMM² EF FTPT NJM NJMMPOFT EF QFTPT Z GSBDDJÂO TVNB JHVBMNFOUF SFMBUJWB TJ TF DPOTJEFSB MB JNQPSUBODJB EFM SVCSP QFSP FYDFTJWB TJ TF DPNQBSB DPO MPT SFTVMUBEPT )BCS² RVF TFHVJS QSFTJPOBOEP QBSB RVF B MB BDUVBM Z DPOUSPWFSUJEB SFGPSNB NFSBNFOUF MB CPSBM FO FM DBNQP FEVDBUJWP MF TJHB VOB BVU¹OUJDB SFGPSNB EFM TJTUFNB FEVDBUJWP OBDJPOBM RVF SFTQPOEB B MPT SFUPT BO UFT FOVODJBEPT FO FMMP TFS² EFDJTJWP FM JOWPMVDSBNJFOUP EF MB FOUFSB TPDJFEBE BSNBOEP HPO!VOJWB NY

"UNPTG¹SJDBT %FTEF 4BOUB 5FSFTB MB DBMMF WJFOF TVCJFOEP Z B MB QBTB EB MPT OBSBOKPT EFM BUSJP EF +FTÈT .BS½B DPNQBSFDFO FO MB NFNPSJB EFM NVDIBDIP RVF BMM½ IBD½B VOB MBCPSJPTB BDVBSFMB VOB UBSEF MFKBOB 6OB USPNCB JODJQJFOUF MFWBOUB BM UFSSFHBM Z BSSBTUSB BHVBT BCBKP MPT SFTUPT EFM E½B &M KB[N½O PQUÂ QPS IBDFS GVODJPOBS B NBOFSB EF NFEJEB QSF DBVUPSJB UPEP FM QPEFS½P EF TV PMPS RVF FO NFEJP EF MB UPSNFOUB BWJ TB RVF MB OBWFHBDJÂO QSPHSFTB 6O OJÁJUP HÊFSP Z DMFNFOUF DPOTJEFSB QPS VOPT NPNFOUPT FM KBSE½O RVF DBEB WF[ BDFOUÈB TV UBMBOUF TFMW²UJDP Z EFDMBSB FOUVTJBTNBEP RVF UPEP FTP FT TVZP TJO EVEB MP FT TJO EVEB QBSB TVTDJUBS QBSFDJEPT GFSWPSFT Z BMFHS½BT EVSB FTB BSRVJUFDUVSB EF TB WJB Z UJFNQP /PUJDJB UBSE½B BSSJTDBEBT Z PGFOEJEBT FTBT PSHVMMPTBT SFJ OBT EF MB OPDIF EFM DPSSFEPS PQUBSPO QPS VO BCTPMVUP NVUJTNP FTUB UFN QPSBEB OJ VO CPUÂO QVO[BOUF Z QBTNPTP PGSFDJFSPO BM US²OTJUP EFM WFSBOP &T QSPCBCMFNFOUF VOB NFEJEB EF SBEJDBM QSPUFTUB QPS MPT FO KVOEJPTPT CBMPOB[PT RVF EPT QFRVFÁPT GVUCPMJTUBT QSPEJHBO UPEP B MP BODIP EF MPT BSDPT RVF HVBSEBO B MBT QMBOUBT WFMFJEPTBT )BCS² TFHV SBNFOUF RVF UPNBS QSPWJEFODJBT 1FSP QPS NJFOUSBT MB USPNCB TBDV EF BM WFOUBOBM Z MB DBTB TPNFUJEB B MB NFUSBMMB IPSJ[POUBM EFM HSBOJ[P IBDF BHVB IBTUB FTP NPEFSBEBNFOUF 6OPT DIBSDPT WFOJEPT EF MFKPT RVF UJFOFO S²QJEP SFNFEJP QFSP RVF SFDVFSEBO MB MJWJBOB EFGFOTB EF MBT DBTBT UBQBU½BT DVBOEP MBT JOUFNQFSJFT TF WVFMWFO FYUSFNPTBT /P MF IB DF IF BRV½ B MPT DBNQPT Z B MB CBSSBODB B MBT OVCFT HFOFSPTBT Z BM BJ SF FODBCSJUBEP FKFSDJUBOEP TV BOUJHVP JNQFSJP TBMVEBOEP B MB DJVEBE Z B MB DBTB DPNP VO BNJHP BMCPSPUBEP RVF TF EFKB MMFWBS QPS VO BNBCMF Z VO QPDP SVEP BGFDUP *NQPTJCMF EFKBS EF NBOUFOFS DPNP VOB RVFNBEVSB BSUFSB DJFSUBT JN²HFOFT FO MB SFUJOB FO FM DPSB[ÂO $PNP MB EF BRVFMMB OJÁB WJFUOB NJUB RVF ZB QPS TJFNQSF DPSSF QPS VO DBNJOP QPMWPSJFOUP USBUBOEP EF IVJS EFTQBWPSJEB F JOFSNF EF MBT GFSPDFT NPSEJEBT EFM OBQBMN RVF MB EFWPSB JNQMBDBCMF &TB JNBHFO NBSDÂ B UPEB VOB HFOFSBDJÂO TJOUFUJ[Â MB TVQSFNB JOTFOTBUF[ F JOKVTUJDJB IJ[P FO BMHP DPNQBSUJS FM EPMPS EF MPT JOPDFOUFT BUSBQBEPT FO VOB HVFSSB BCZFDUB RVF IBC½B RVF QBSBS {%ÂOEF IBCS² FODPOUSBEP SFGVHJP FTB OJÁJUB FTB MMBHB WJWB RVF IBCJUB JOPDFOUF Z EPMPSPTB JODFTBOUF FO MB NFNPSJB "IPSB QSPCBCMFNFOUF QBSB FTUB HFOFSBDJÂO RVFEBS² MB QSFTFODJB UFSSJCMF FO TV UFSOVSB EF BSSB Z²O USPODIBEP EF FTF OJÁP RVF QBSFDF EPSNJS FO MB PSJMMB EF VOB QMBZB EF SFGVHJBEPT 4V SPQB JOGBOUJM TV QPTF USBORVJMB FM HFTUP EF MB NBOJ UB Z MB GSBTF EF ,VSU[ FM QFSTPOBKF EF +PTFQI $POSBE EFM $PSB[ÂO EF MBT UJOJFCMBT RVF TF SFQJUF iFM IPSSPS FM IPSSPS w 3JNCBVE MP EJKP DPO JOJ HVBMBCMF Z DPOUFOJEP QBUFUJTNP FO -F EPSNFVS EV WBM BM FTDSJCJS MB FMF H½B EF PUSP NVZ KPWFO NVDIBDIP BTFTJOBEP QPS MB WJMF[B EF MPT TFNQJ UFSOPT NBTUFST PG XBS B MPT RVF %ZMBO BQPTUSPGÂ GVMNJOBOUF : WVFMWF MB BQBSFOUF DPJODJEFODJB EF FODPOUSBS VOB WFSTJÂO EF FTF IJNOP RVF +BHHFS Z 3JDIBSET EFEJDBSPO EFTEF B MPT SFGVHJBEPT MPT QFSTFHVJEPT MPT RVF TF WBO JODFOEJBOEP FO CVTDB EF BCSJHP Z SFGV HJP (JNNF TIFMUFS "I MB UPSNFOUB BNBHB NJ WJEB NJTNB IPZ TJ OP DPOTJHP SFGVHJP T½ WPZ B EFTBQBSFDFS -B HVFSSB OJÁPT FTU² BM CPSEF EF VO EJTQBSP TÂMP BM CPSEF EF VO EJTQBSP .JSB BM GVFHP BSSBTBS OVFT USB QSPQJB DBMMF IPZ BSEF DPNP VOB SPKB BMGPNCSB EF CSBTBT VO UPSP FO MPRVFDJEP FYUSBW½P TV DBNJOP -B HVFSSB OJÁPT FTU² BM CPSEF EF VO EJT QBSP 7JPMBDJÂO BTFTJOBUP BM CPSEF EF VO EJTQBSP -BT NBSFBT BNFOB[BO NJ WJEB NJTNB IPZ EBNF EBNF SFGVHJP P WPZ B EFTBQBSF DFS -B HVFSSB OJÁPT FTU² BM CPSEF EF VO EJTQBSP BM CPSEF EF VO EJT QBSP : UF EJHP IFSNBOB FM BNPS FTU² BM CPSEF EF VO CFTP BM CPSEF EF VO CFTP EF VO CFTP EF VO CFTP %FTEF PUSB PSJMMB EFM NVOEP FO VOB QBOUBMMB UFNCMPSPTB EF QB WPS Z SBCJB 6 .JDL +BHHFS Z 'FSHJF EBO DVFSQP B VO IPNFOBKF EF JNQPUFODJB Z GVSJB Z USJTUF DPNQBTJÂO QBSB UPEPT MPT RVF DPNP FM OJ ÁJUP EF MB NBOP EPCMBEB TPO QFSTFHVJEPT FYQVMTBEPT EF TVT MVHBSFT Z TVT DBTBT Z TVT HFOUFT BWFOUBEPT DPNP TJNQMFT USJCVUPT B MB C²SCB SB FTUVQJEF[ Z MB BCJTNBM NBMEBE EF MPT IPNCSFT B MB NVFSUF BM PM WJEP &M OJÁP EF MB QMBZB EVFSNF TPÁBOEP QPS UPEPT DPO KBSEJOFT TVB WFT Z BCSB[PT JNQPTJCMFT FM NVOEP DPOUFNQMB MB JNBHFO GJOHF P

Õ iÀ Ê i > >ÀÞ

8* ", "Ê Ê 1 " $PO MBT BEJDDJPOFT IBZ RVF TFS NVZ QBDJFOUF Z UPMFSBOUF -PT EFTFTQF SBEPT BOTJPTPT F JOUPMFSBOUFT OP QPES²O DPO MB DBSHB NVDIBT WFDFT BDBCBS²O TVDVNCJFOEP B MB QSFTJÂO Z OFDFTJUBOEP EF VOB BUFODJÂO QTJ DPMÂHJDB RVF MPT BZVEF B TVQFSBS MBT DSJTJT )BZ RVF DPNQSFOEFS RVF FT VOB CBUBMMB EJBSJB QPS FTP FT UBO JN QPSUBOUF FM MFNB EF iTÂMP QPS IPZw RVF BVORVF FT VOB DPOTJHOB GVFSUF IBZ RVF UPNBSMB FO DVFOUB %½B B E½B TF UJFOF RVF FOGSFOUBS B MB QSPQJB EFCJMJEBE Z B MBT EJWFSTBT UFOUBDJPOFT RVF OPT SPEFBO &M BEJDUP BDBCB QPS TFS VO HVFSSFSP TV FOFNJHP FT ¹M NJTNP Z TVT QSPQJBT GMBRVF[BT /BEB EF FDIBSMF MB DVMQB B MPT EFN²T P B MBT DJSDVOT UBODJBT Z FM QBTBEP &M DPNCBUF FT BRV½ Z BIPSB P DBFT P UF MFWBOUBT 0 HBOBT P QJFSEFT -PT BEJDUPT QFTJNJTUBT Z EFSSPUBEPT EF BOUFNBOP QPS TV QSPQJP QFOTBNJFOUP TVFMFO TFS QFPSFT W½DUJNBT EFM NPOTUSVP iDPNF BEJDUPTw TJ NF QFSNJUFO FTB FYQSFTJÂO $PNP MB MVDIB FT MBSHB Z E½B B E½B N²T WBMF KVOUBSTF DPO QFSTPOBT

>À ÃÊ ÀÌjÃÊ6?âµÕiâ

6 - $ Ê9Ê - $

BDUÈB TV SFDIB[P Z MB HVFSSB TJHVF 1FSP MB WP[ EF +BHHFS MB EF #POP MB EF VOB 'FSHJF EFTHBSSBEB Z FO MMBNBT MFWBOUBO FM IJNOP RVF QVEJF SB TFS RVJ¹O MP TBCS² VOB CBOEFSB RVF TFÁBMF FM MVHBS EF MB SFTJTUFO DJB Z MB DPSEVSB EFM SFGVHJPy 4PVNJTTJPO FT VOB OPWFMB BUSP[ IBDF OP NVDIP FTDSJUB QPS FM EVF ÁP EF VOB QSPTB GPSFOTF Z FYBDUB .JDIFM )PVFMMFCFDL 6O DJOJTNP TJO GPOEP VOB BQBSFOUF JOEJGFSFODJB VOB WJTJÂO BCTPMVUBNFOUF EFTFODBO UBEB SFTJEFO FO FM UBMBOUF EF FTUF FTDSJUPS FYQFSUP FO QSPWPDBDJPOFT Z EFTBDBUPT 1PS OJOHVOB SB[ÂO BQBSFOUF DPOTUSVZF DPNP BM QBTP TÂSEJ EBT FTDFOBT RVF oTJ OP FTUVWJFSBO FTDSJUBT DPO UBM PGJDJP GJHVSBS½BO FO JONVOEPT QBTRVJOFT QPSOP &TUPT TPO BMHVOPT SFDPWFDPT EFM SFMBUP EF VO QSPGFTPS EF MB 4PSCPOB FTQFDJBMJTUB FO + , )VZTNBOT RVF EB DVFO UB EFM GJOBM FTUFSUPS EF MB DJWJMJ[BDJÂO GSBODFTB oZ MB EF 0DDJEFOUF NJFO USBT MB SFQÈCMJDB FT UPNBEB QPS MB W½B FMFDUPSBM QPS FM QBSUJEP JTMBNJUB &O VOB FTQFDJF EF SPBE SFQPSU FM BOUJI¹SPF QFSFHSJOB QPS MVHBSFT DMB WF EF MB FTQJSJUVBMJEBE GSBODFTB 3PDBNBEPVS .BSUFM MB BCBE½B EF -J HVH¹ DPNP CVTDBOEP BMHÈO TFOUJEP B MB EFCBDMF EF MPT WBMPSFT RVF DPOT USVZFSPO VO FTQ½SJUV Z VOB DJWJMJ[BDJÂO 1FSP TV QSPQJP DJOJTNP EJTPMWFOUF TV NJTNB JNQPUFODJB QBSB SFDPOFDUBS TV ²OJNP DPO VO QB TBEP JOUFSSVNQJEP F JOBTJCMF MP IBDFO EFSJWBS IBDJB MB JSSFNFEJBCMF TV NJTJÂO {: B RV¹ TF TPNFUFO FM QSPUBHPOJTUB 'SBODJB 0DDJEFOUF "M JN QMBDBCMF BWBODF EF VOB WJTJÂO EFM NVOEP TJO GJTVSBT OJ EVEBT TJO FM OJIJMJTNP SFMBUJWJTUB RVF IB UFSNJOBEP QPS DPOWFSUJS B 0DDJEFOUF FO VO G²DJM SFI¹O EF RVJFOFT FTU²O DPOWFODJEPT EF TV NJTJÂO SFEFOUPSB JN QVFTUB QPS VO JOFMVDUBCMF EFTJHOJP EJWJOP Z MMFWBEB BEFMBOUF DPO TJO HVMBS BTUVDJB Z B DVBMRVJFS QSFDJP &M DPOUSBQVOUP DPO FM NVOEP EFM DPO WFSTP )VZTNBOT MBT SFJUFSBEBT WJTJUBT BM TVQFSNFSDBEP oQBTJÂO FWJEFOUF EF )PVFMMFCFDL FM ²DJEP SFUSBUP EFM HSFNJP QSPGFTPSBM RVF DPOTUJUVZF VOB QBSUF EF MB FMJUF JOUFMFDUVBM GSBODFTB FM SFDVFOUP EF VO KVFHP QPM½UJDP RVF PTDJMB FOUSF FM N²T JSSFTQPOTBCMF QSBHNBUJTNP Z MB BCVMJB TPO PUSPT UBOUPT JOHSFEJFOUFT EF FTUF FYBNFO EFM FYBOHÊF Z DPO GPSNJTUB FTUBEP EFM FTQ½SJUV GSBOD¹T BM VTP RVF FM BVUPS EJBHOPTUJDB -B OPWFMB B QFTBS EF UPEB TV BNBSHVSB EF TV PDBTJPOBM WVMHBSJEBE HSBUVJ UB FT VOB CVSMPOB Z FGJDB[ JOWJUBDJÂO B VOB SFGMFYJÂO TPCSF MPT EFSSPUF SPT QPM½UJDPT RVF BNFOB[BO FO VO GVUVSP QSÂYJNP CBSSFS DPO UPEP MP RVF FM USBOTDVSTP EF MPT TJHMPT RVF MMFWBSPO B MB NPEFSOJEBE MPHSÂ FO EFSF[BS QBSB MPHSBS VOB NFKPS WJEB QBSB MBT NBZPS½BT &O FM GPOEP MB TVNJTJÂO JOWPDBEB FT MB EFM IPNCSF BMHVOB WF[ DBQB[ GSFOUF BM NVOEP EF FTUBCMFDFS TVT QSPQJBT DPOEJDJPOFT EF CVTDBS TV MJCFSUBE FO MB JO UFNQFSJF EF MB SFCFME½B Z MB QPTJCJMJEBE 6OB TVNJTJÂO RVF FT MB GJOBM EF SSPUB EF 1SPNFUFP %JDF RVF DPSS½B FM BÁP EFM "GJSNB RVF EFTEF NVDIP BOUFT IB C½B TJEP JOPDVMBEP EFM JNQMBDBCMF WJSVT EFM SPDL FTB DPTB JOEFGJOJCMF QFSP DBQB[ EF JOZFDUBS VOB MVNCSF RVF OP TF BQBHB OJ TF PMWJEB FO MBT WFOBT 'BUBMNFOUF JODSVTUBEB FO MPT OFSWJPT Z MBT N¹EVMBT EFM TJHMP VOB NBOFSB EF BCPSEBS FM NVOEP MBT QBTJPOFT MPT E½BT .JFOUSBT VOB CB UBDB Z VO SFRVJOUP TPO TVGJDJFOUFT QBSB EFTQFSUBS RVJ[² MP NJTNP RVF FO PUSBT FSBT DPOWPDBCB FM UBNCPS EFM BGSJDBOP MB GMBVUB EFM QBTUPS FM DPSP EF MBT WFTUBMFTy 3FMBUB RVF FSB MB OJÁB BQFOBT EF E½BT WJFOEP MB MV[ RVF IBC½B VO DVBSUP MVNJOPTP Z DMBSP DPO VOB WFOUBOB USBT EF MB RVF DSFD½B VO BSSBZ²O NVZ KPWFO 2VF FSB FOUPODFT FM MBUJHB[P EF MB HVJ UBSSB MB VSHFODJB EF VOB WP[ RVF IBCMBCB EF DBTBT BMUBT Z CMBODBT EF UPEP MP RVF IBCS½B EF TFHVJS Z EF BNPSFT RVF DPNFO[BCBO TV USBWFT½B CBKP MB GBUBM FTQBEB EFM UJFNQP $POTJHOB RVF FM EJTDP TF MMBNBCB TJN QMFNFOUF #PZ RVF MB CBOEB FSB 6 Z FM SFRVJOUP EF VO TFÁPS RVF TF IB D½B MMBNBS 5IF &EHF %JDF RVF TF FODPOUSÂ EFSWJDIF HJSBOEP DPO MB SF DJ¹O WFOJEB FO WJMP 2VF FSB .BS½B 3FHJOB Z RVF GVF FOUPODFT RVF DPNFO[Â B CBJMBS KQBMPNBS!JOGPSNBEPS DPN NY

LeX clZ_X hl\ ef k\id`eX RVF UF BOJNFO Z EFO BMJFOUP RVF UF JOZFDUFO EF PQUJNJTNP Z CVFOBT U¹D OJDBT EF DPNCBUF 1PS FTP FT JNQPSUBOUF NBOUFOFSTF BMFKBEP EF MPT EF NPOJPT EF MPT OFHBUJWPT Z EF MPT GBUBMJTUBT RVF UF NJSBO DPO PKPT EF QFS EFEPS $VJEBEP DPO FM RVF UF FDIF NJSBEBT EF iQPCSFDJUPw QPSRVF FTF OP TF DPNQBEFDF EF UJ N²T CJFO UF NJSB DPO PKPT EF M²TUJNB Z UF NVFS EF FM PSHVMMP DPO BJSFT EF IVNJMMBDJÂO 4J BDBTP MB MVDIB UFSNJOB BMHÈO E½B FT DPO MB NVFSUF .JFOUSBT WJ WBT UV CBUBMMB UF IBS² N²T EJHOP WBMJFOUF VOB QFSTPOB TFHVSB Z EF HSBO WBM½B /P FT VOB MVDIB RVF UF FNQPCSF[DB FM BMNB TJOP UPEP MP DPOUSBSJP UF FOBMUFDF Z IBDF WFS N²T IVNBOP N²T GJSNF Z EVFÁP EF UV QSPQJB BV UPFTUJNB &SFT VO TFS IVNBOP RVF DPNQSFOEF MBT EFCJMJEBEFT MPT WJ DJPT MBT QPCSF[BT Z NJTFSJBT EF MB FYJTUFODJB IVNBOB : FTP UF BDFSDB N²T B TFS TFOTJCMF BM EPMPS Z BM TVGSJNJFOUP UVZP Z EF MPT EFN²T UF IB DF TFS DBQB[ EF EBSMF MB NBOP DPO IVNJMEBE B RVJFO UF MB QJEF 'JOBM NFOUF TJFOEP DBQB[ EF WFODFS MB SBQBDJEBE EFM &(0

;ªcXi\j# g\jfj p Z\ekXmfj

-B TFHVSJEBE FT QSJPSJEBE DPO FM TPQPSUF EF MB BOTJBEB NFKPS½B FDP /P IBZ NBM RVF OP USBJHB CJFOFT "T½ FTUBNPT WJ¹OEPMP BOUF MB PQPSUV OJEBE EF BUBDBS MB DPSSVQDJÂO RVF EVSBOUF TJHMPT IB JNQFEJEP EFTBSSP OÂNJDB TJO BMJNFOUP B ½NQFUVT OFHBUJWPT MM²NFTF DSJNFO PSHBOJ[BEP MMP BVU¹OUJDP NFEJBOUF DMBSB EFGJOJDJÂO EF QSPQÂTJUPT IBDJB OVFWPT PC P EF DVBMRVJFS GPSNB RVF SPNQFO DPO MB USBORVJMJEBE GBNJMJBS Z SFEVO KFUJWPT Z SFBMJ[BDJPOFT FO VO BNCJFOUF EF USBOTQBSFODJB FO TVTUJUVDJÂO EBO FO EFTDPOGJBO[B IBDJB MBT BVUPSJEBEFT WJHJMBOUFT EFM PSEFO QSFDVS EF FTQFDVMBDJPOFT NBM JOUFODJPOBEBT USBOTQBSFODJB DPO FM TVTUFOUP EF TPS EF CVFO HPCJFSOP DPO QSPNPDJÂO EFM EFTBSSPMMP &M FTDFOBSJP BDUVBM FT QSPDMJWF B MB EFTFTQFSBDJÂO RVF DPOUSBWJFOF MB SB[ÂO TJO DBFS FO FM SJFTHP EF BQVOUBS IBDJB MBT JOTUJUVDJPOFT NBOJ SFGPSNBT Z MFZFT RVF MBT QFSTPOBT EFTJHOBEBT UJFOFO FM QVMBOEP Q²OJDP DPOUSB MB FTUSVDUVSB GJOBODJFSB RVF BNF EFCFS EF QSFTFSWBS TJO NJSBNJFOUPT Z NFOPT BÈO DPNQMJ OB[B MB FDPOPN½B TJO DPOUBS DPO QSPQVFTUBT EF MJEFSB[HP DJEBE DPO RVJFOFT BMJFOUBO QS²DUJDBT EFMJDUJWBT &M SF[BHP BVU¹OUJDP -BT 3FGPSNBT QSPQVFTUBT Z BQSPCBEBT SFRVJFSFO TV v > â>Êi ÊµÕ i iÃÊ OP FT EJTDVMQB DPO FM FNQMFP EF DPNQBSBDJPOFT FTUBE½TUJ QFSWJTJÂO DPOTUBOUF Z FO TV DBTP BEFDVBDJÂO BM FOUPSOP Ì i i Ê >ÊÀiÃ« Ã>L `>`Ê DBT 4PO MPT IFDIPT MPT RVF EFUFSNJOBS²O FM DVNQMJNJFO UP EF QSPNFTBT EF DBNQBÁB Z QSPHSBNBT FGFDUJWPT EF TB SFHJPOBM OBDJPOBM Z FYUSBOKFSP %F FTUB GPSNB QSVEFODJB ìÊVÕ « ÀÊÞÊ >ViÀÊ OFBNJFOUP TPDJBM DPOTJEFSBDJÂO Z DPOTUBODJB BM NBSHFO EF JOUSJHBT Z EJTFO -PT IFDIPT IJTUÂSJDPT TPCSFTBMJFOUFT EVSBOUF FM NFT TJPOFT FO DPOUSB EF MB WPMVOUBE NBZPSJUBSJB RVF BT½ MP RVJF VÕ « ÀÊìLiÀiÃÊÞÊ FO DVSTP TPO FKFNQMPT WJHFOUFT EF CVFOBT JOUFODJPOFT SB Z EJDUF ìÀiV ÃÊV Ê >Ê RVF OP FYFOUBT EF GSBDBTPT Z USPQJF[PT OPT IBO NBSDBEP -B DPNVOJDBDJÂO DPO EJ²MPHP FT MB IFSSBNJFOUB EJSJ HJEB B MB DPNQSFOTJÂO EF QSPQJPT Z FYUSBÁPT FO FM DPODVS ` ÀiVV Êi >ÀV>`>ÊÊ QBSB OP JODVSSJS FO OVFWPT PNJTJPOFT TVTUFOUBEBT FO MB DPNQMBDFODJB QBSB EFTEJDIB EF MBT NBZPS½BT )PZ MBT DJS TP EF VOJEBE JNQSFTDJOEJCMF QBSB MPT BDVFSEPT MFBMFT FO « ÀÊ >Êì VÀ>V > DVOTUBODJBT QVFEFO FTUBS NBSDBEBT DPNP BOUFT QPS MPT USF MFHJTMBEPSFT IPOFTUPT Z KVFDFT BKFOP B MB DPSSVQDJÂO JOUFSFTFT RVF TÂMP FM FNQMFP EF BVU¹OUJDPT SFDVSTPT QSP BOUF QFSUVSCBDJPOFT QÈCMJDBT JOBENJTJCMFT FYQPTJDJPOFT QJPT IBS² RVF QSFWBMF[DB VOJEBE Z SFTQBMEP B MBT EFDJTJP EF JOUFSFTFT EFTMFBMFT BM EFSFDIP JOUS½OTFDP EF MB TPDJFEBE &M GBDUPS EFUFSNJOBOUF TF MMBNB $POGJBO[B FO RVJFOFT UJFOFO MB OFT JOUFMJHFOUFT EF MPT M½EFSFT HVCFSOBNFOUBMFT Z QBSUJDVMBSFT RVF EF SFTQPOTBCJMJEBE EF DVNQMJS Z IBDFS DVNQMJS EFCFSFT Z EFSFDIPT DPO MB TFNQFÁFO CJFO TV USBCBKP DPO MB UFOBDJEBE RVF GPSUBMF[DB MB VOJEBE EJSFDDJÂO FONBSDBEB QPS MB EFNPDSBDJB -PT PDVQBOUFT EFM 1PEFS -F FOUSF MB QPCMBDJÂO Z QBSUJDVMBSNFOUF MB KVWFOUVE DPOPDFEPSB Z BTQJSBO HJTMBUJWP FO MPT OJWFMFT 'FEFSBM Z &TUBUBM ZB UJFOFO FTB SFTQPOTBCJMJEBE UF B BMDBO[BS MPT OJWFMFT TPDJBMFT EF PUSBT MBUJUVEFT %JPT OPT HVBSEF EF MB EJTDPSEJB EFCJEBNFOUF BDSFEJUBEB Z QBSB FM NFT EF PDUVCSF PDVSSJS² MB DPODFS TJDQN!JOGPSNBEPS DPN NY OJFOUF FO MPT NVOJDJQJPT EF +BMJTDP

%PNJOHP EF TFQUJFNCSF EF

&- */'03."%03

1~(*/" # &- */'03."%03 t " $"."$)0

/, 6 -/ , - "Ê Francisco Elías pensó en ser bailarín profesional o astrónomo; al final, estudió para lo que nació: la arquitectura. Tiene 33 años y cuenta con obras en Miami y San Antonio, EU y en París, Francia 1PS "OB 3PES½HVF[

YJTUF VOB GSBTF EF -PVJT ,BIO RVF WFSTB iVO MBESJ MMP RVJFSF TFS BMHP N²T 5JFOF BNCJDJPOFT 2VJFSF TFS BMHP N²T EF MP RVF FT RVJFSF TFS NFKPS EF MP RVF FTy &TP FT MP RVF EFCFNPT TFSwy : FTP FT MP RVF IB MPHSBEP 'SBODJTDP &M½BT TFS VOP EF MPT NFKPSFT BSRVJUFDUPT EF TV HFOFSBDJÂO $PO BÁPT EF FEBE FM BSRVJUFDUP NFYJDBOP DVSTÂ TVT FTUV EJPT FO MB 'BDVMUBE EF "SRVJUFDUVSB EF MB 6OJWFSTJEBE /BDJPOBM "V UÂOPNB EF .¹YJDP 6/". Z FO FOUSFWJTUB QBSB 5BQBU½P MFWBOUB DB QB QPS DBQB MP RVF IBZ EFUS²T EF MB EJTDJQMJOB RVF ZB MF EJP B HBOBS FM QSFNJP ¡DPOPT EFM %JTFÁP FO {$VµOEP TVQJTUF RVF RVFSÅBT TFS BSRVJUFDUP "OUFT EF TBCFS RVF MB BSRVJUFDUVSB TF MMBNBCB BSRVJUFDUVSB DVBOEP UFO½B DVBUSP P DJODP BÁPT NF EJ DVFOUB RVF NF HVTUBCB KV HBS DPO MPT FTQBDJPT NF FODBOUBCB NFUFSNF FO FM JOUFSJPS EF MBT DB KBT EF DBSUÂO EPOEF WFO½B MB MBWBEPSB P FM SFGSJHFSBEPS MFT IBD½B VOB QFSGPSBDJÂO Z WF½B DÂNP FOUSBCB FM IB[ EF MV[ &OUPODFT {MPT BSRVJUFDUPT OBDFO P TF IBDFO )BZ EF MPT EPT FO NJ DBTP TJFOUP RVF TPZ BSRVJUFDUP QFSP UBNCJ¹O TJFOUP RVF TPZ PUSBT DPTBT OP DSFP FO MB NPOP EJTDJQMJOB MB WJEB FT UBO SJDB RVF TPZ BSRVJUFDUP QFSP UBNCJ¹O QVFEP TFS CBJMB S½O P BDUPSy 1BSB N½ MB BSRVJUFDUVSB FT VO DBNJOP QSPGFTJPOBM RVF UFOHP RVF USBUP EF VTBS DPNP EJSFDUSJ[ QBSB TFS MP RVF TPZ DPNP QFS TPOB &O EFGJOJUJWB OBD½ BSRVJUFDUP QVFEF TPOBS BSSPHBOUF Z NF EB VO QPDP EF QFOB QFSP OBD½ BSRVJUFDUP QPSRVF BNP QFOTBS EFTEF VOB WJTJÂO FTQBDJBM UPEP FM UJFNQP .µT BMMµ EF MBT EFGJOJDJPOFT DMµTJDBT MBT RVF WJFOFO FO FM EJDDJPOBSJP {RVÀ FT MB BSRVJUFDUVSB -B BSRVJUFDUVSB FT FM SFDJOUP RVF BMCFSHB MB WJEB EF MPT TFSFT IVNBOPT 7JEB FNPDJPOBM JOUFMFDUVBM TFYVBM FTQJSJUVBM QBSB N½ FT MB DVFWB EF MPT PS½HFOFT RVF BMCFSHB MB WJEB &OUPODFT TFS VO BSRVJ UFDUP FT TFS FTB QFSTPOB FTQFDJBMJ[BEB FO BUFOEFS UPEP MP SFMBDJPOB EP B MPT TFSFT IVNBOPTy &SFT NVZ KPWFO BÍPT Z UJFOFT VOB DBSSFSB EFT UBDBEB {DÎNP JOJDJBTUF DVµM GVF UV QSJNFS FNQMFP "QSFOE½ EF NJ QBESF ¹M FT BTDFOEJFOUF EF NJHSBDJÂO MJ CBOFTB EF HFOUF RVF MMFHB DPO OBEB EF EJOFSP DPO VOB NBOP BEFMBOUF Z PUSB BUS²T Z MP ÈOJDP RVF TBCFT RVF UJFOFT FT FM DP OPDJNJFOUP EF MPT PGJDJPT TBCFS QJOUBS DPSUBS CPSEBSy 4BCFS EF PGJDJPT FT MP RVF UF TBDB BEFMBOUF &OUPODFT EFTEF MPT BÁPT NJ QBQ² NF EFD½B i0ZF WB B WFOJS VO TFÁPS B QJOUBS MB DB TB P MB RVJFSFT QJOUBS UÈw FOUPODFT NF HBOBCB DJODP QFTPT EF EPNJOHP BT½ BQSFOE½ B USBCBKBS QPSRVF NJ QBQ² NF QVTP B QSVFCB $PNP BSRVJUFDUP FTUBOEP FO FM PDUBWP TFNFTUSF EF MB DB SSFSB FM EJSFDUPS EF PCSBT EF MB 6/". RVF FSB NJ NBFTUSP EF DPOTUSVDDJÂO NF EJKP RVF FTUBCB TFMFDDJPOBOEP B VO HSVQP EF BMVNOPT EFTUBDBEPT QBSB QSFTFOUBSMF BM SFDUPS +VBO 3BNÂO EF MB 'VFOUF VOB TFSJF EF QSPZFDUPT DPO MB QSPNFTB EF RVF MPT FMF HJEPT QPES½BO TFS DPOTUSVJEPT "T½ RVF VO FRVJQP Z ZP QSFTFO UBNPT FM QSPZFDUP MFT FODBOUÂ Z UFSNJOBNPT DPOTUSVZFOEP FM $FOUSP "DBE¹NJDP $VMUVSBM FO FM DBNQVT EF +VSJRVJMMB 2VF S¹UBSP EF MB 6/". 4F USBUB EF MB CJCMJPUFDB DFOUSBM Z FM UFB USP DFOUSBM EF EJDIP TJUJPy : FT VO NPOTUSVPy $S¹FNF B MPT BÁPT OP UFSNJOBCB EF FOUFOEFS MP RVF FTUBCB QBTBOEP " MPT BÍPT TJFOUFT RVF UF QVFEFT DPNFS FM NVOEP {DÎ NP MPHSBTUF OP QFSEFS FM QJTP QPS TFS SFTQPOTBCMF EF VO QSPZFDUP EF EJDIB NBHOJUVE .F TFOU½B DPO NVDIB FNPDJÂO QFSP TPCSF UPEP UFO½B VO TFO UJNJFOUP EF DPNQSPNJTP TBCFS RVF OP QVFEFT EFGSBVEBS QPSRVF IBZ NVDIPT NJMMPOFT EF QFTPT EF JOTUJUVDJPOFT F JOWFSTJPOJTUBT RVF EFDJEJFSPO QPOFS EJOFSP FO UV JEFBy &OUPODFT FM QFTP EF FRVJWP DBSTF FO NVZ HSBOEF QFSP FMMP UF BZVEB B DPOWFSUJSUF FO VO HVFSSF SP RVF FTU² FO MB QSJNFSB GJMB EF MB CBUBMMB SFTJTUJFOEP : DPO BÁPT DMBSP RVF UF NBSFBT QFSP BOUFT RVF PDVSSJFSB FTP SFHSFT¹ B MPT QSJODJQJPT EF NJ FEVDBDJÂO Z VOP EF FMMPT FT RVF MB WJEB EB WVFMUBT IPZ FSFT GBNPTP IPZ UJFOFT EJOFSP QFSP NBÁBOB OPy "T½ RVF TJ MB WJEB NF WB B MMFWBS VO E½B B QBTBS QPS VOB NBMB TJ UVBDJÂO BM NFOPT RVJFSP RVF MB DB½EB TFB TVBWFDJUBy &TQFSP RVF OP NF TVDFEB QFSP TJ PDVSSF QVFEP WPMWFS B FNQF[BS T¹ QJOUBS EJCV KBS MBWBS DPDIFTy &M QSPZFDUP EFM $FOUSP "DBEÀNJDP $VMUVSBM UF EJP FM QSJNFS QSFNJP EF NVDIPT QPS WFOJS RVÀ OPT QVFEFT QMBUJDBS EF FTUB FY QFSJFODJBy &TUF QSPZFDUP EF MB 6/". MP JOTDSJC½ FO MPT QSFNJPT EF *DP OPT EFM %JTFÁP EF MB QSFTUJHJBEB SFWJTUB "SDIJUFDUVSBM %JHFTU FMMPT UJFOFO VOB DBUFHPS½B RVF FT ÂQFSB QSJNB QBSB BSRVJUFDUPT NFOPSFT EF BÁPT Z ZP ZB UFO½B BÁPT DVBOEP EFDJE½ DPODVSTBS DPO ¹My : GVF UPEB VOB SFWFMBDJÂOy &TUBOEP FO MB QSFNJBDJÂO DPNFO[BSPO EFDJS RVJ¹OFT FSBO MPT GJOBMJTUBT Z FTDVDI¹ NJ OPNCSF MVFHP P½ RVF FSB FM HBOBEPS Z FYQSFTF iXPXw DVBOEP TVC½ B SFDPHFS FM HBMBSEÂO MP QSJNFSP RVF IJDF GVF DIFDBS TJ NJ DPSCBUB FTUBCB CJFO DPMPDBEBy %FTQV¹T EJ NJ EJTDVSTP Z UPEP MP RVF FYQSFT¹ GVF iHSBDJBT B NJ VOJ WFSTJEBE Z TPCSF UPEP HSBDJBT B MBT QFSTPOBT RVF DSFZFSPO FO OPTP USPT (SBDJBTw %FTQVÀT EFM QSPZFDUP EF +VSJRVJMMB {DÎNP GVF FM EFTQFHVF EF UV DBSSFSB 1S²DUJDBNFOUF NF FOGPRVF FO DVFTUJPOFT N²T QFRVFÁBT OP UPEP FM UJFNQP UJFOFT FOPSNFT DPOTUSVDDJPOFT BT½ RVF IJDF VO EF QBSUBNFOUP RVF MMBNÂ NVDIP MB BUFODJÂO HVTUÂ Z GVF QPSUBEB EF VOB SFWJTUB EF BI½ NF MMBNBSPO N²T DMJFOUFT Z BIPSB WPZ B DVNQMJS BÁPT DPO NJ EFTQBDIP &M½BT "SRVJUFDUVSB EFTEF FM DVBM IF EF TBSSPMMBEP QSPZFDUPT : NF TJFOUP PSHVMMPTP EF UPEPT Z DBEB VOP QPSRVF FMMPT NF IBO QFSNJUJEP BQSFOEFS Z SFGMFYJPOBSy 5PEPT UJF OFO VO BUSJCVUP RVF IB NBSDBEP NJ WJEB Z NF IBO IFDIP DSFDFSy 5PEPT TPO DPNP NJT IJKPT Z B UPEPT MPT RVJFSP JHVBM &YJTUF VO FTUJHNB RVF QFSTJHVF B MPT BSRVJUFDUPT IBZ DMJFO UFT RVF TF DSFFO BSRVJUFDUPT BVORVF MP OP TFBO Z EF QBTP MFT EJ DFO DÎNP IBDFS MBT DPTBT {$ÎNP SFTVFMWFT FTUBT TJUVBDJPOFT "ÈO OP NF IB UPDBEP VO DMJFOUF BT½ QFSP QBSB N½ TFS½B NVZ G²DJM TJ MMFHB BMHVJFO B EFDJSNF iZB DPNQS¹ FTUP ZB EFDJE½ IBDFS MP PUSPyw :P MF SFTQPOEFS½B iDPNP ZB TBCF MP RVF RVJFSF ZB OP NF OFDFTJUByw &T DPNP JS BM N¹EJDP MMFHBS Z EFDJSMF iUFO HP D²ODFS Z ZB EFDJE½ RV¹ NJ USBUBNJFOUP TFS² AY P A[ w FM EPDUPS WB B EFDJS HPPE GPS ZPV 1PS FM NPNFOUP MP RVF IBHP FT JOEBHBS MPT NPUJWPT RVF MPT MMF WBO B UFOFS DJFSUBT OFDFTJEBEFT Z TF WB SPNQJFOEP FM IJFMP Z WBO BCSJFOEP FM DPSB[ÂO -P RVF IF BQSFOEJEP FT B MPHSBS MB FNQBU½B DPO MB HFOUF OP MMFHBS EF GPSNB DBUFHÂSJDBy

4"#&3 .«4 -PT CÈTJDPT EF &MÓBT /ÕÊV Õ`>`Êv>Û À Ì>Ê«>À>ÊÛ Û À\Ê*>À Ã°Ê *>À>ÊÛ>V>V >À\Ê ÕiÛ>Ê9 À °Ê *>À>ÊÌÀ>L> >À\Ê >Ê Õ`>`ÊìÊ jÝ V °Ê LÀ ÊìÊV>LiViÀ>\Êº i Ê> ÃÊìÊ Ã i`>`»]Ê iÊ >ÀV Ê >ÊÛ `>°Ê *i VÕ >Ê«>À>ÊÀi À\Ê ÊiÃÊ >`>ÊìÊV iÊìÊ>ÀÌi]Ê«iÀ Ê> Êº >Ì > ÊÀi }ÀiÃ>»]Ê` ìÊÃ> iÊi Ê* }Ø ÊÞÊ

>ÌÜ > ÆÊiÃÊÕ >Ê >ÀÀ>Ì Û>Êi Ê Ì À Ê>Ê >ÊV Õ`>`ÊìÊ Ì > °Ê >ÊV Ì>ÊµÕiÊÌiÊµÕ Ì>Êi ÊÃÕi \Êº Ê iÝ ÀV ÃÌ>»°Ê Êv iÊµÕiÊÌiÀ Ê« ÀÊÃiÀÊÕ >Ê i Ãi > â>ÊìÊÛ `>\Êº >Ê ÃÌ>ÊìÊ -V ` iÀ»°Ê - ÊvÕiÀ>ÃÊÕ ÊV ì >` Ê>Ê ÕiÀÌi]Ê µÕjÊ« >Ì Ê«i` À >ÃÊ«>À>ÊViÀÀ>ÀÊÌÕÊ V V \Ê vÀ >`>ÃÊìÊ« Ê iV >ÃÊ « ÀÊ Ê > ?°Ê VViÃ À ÊµÕiÊÌ ` Ê>ÀµÕ ÌiVÌ Êì LiÊìÊÌi iÀ\ÊÕ Êv iÝ iÌÀ Ê«>À>Ê i` ÀÊqÀ i°

50." /05" 1SPZFDUPT W i ÌÀ Ê V>`j V Ê Õ ÌÕÀ> ]Ê1 °Ê ÕÀ µÕ >]Ê +ÕiÀjÌ>À °Ê W "v V >ÃÊ i ÌÀ> iÃÊ +° ° °Ê* > V ]Ê Õ`>`Ê`iÊ jÝ V °Ê W Ìi Ê ÀÊ`iÊ >Þ ]Ê

ÕiÀ >Û>V>]Ê Ài Ã°Ê W >Ã>Ê > Ê i>V ]Ê À `>°Ê ,iÃ `i V >Ê-> Ê Ì ]Ê /iÝ>Ã°

El sastre de la

arquitectura

{$ÎNP TPO MPT QSPDFTPT DSFBUJWPT EF 'SBODJTDP &MÅBT -P QSJNFSP RVF IBHP FT QSFHVOUBSMF B MB HFOUF QPS RV¹ RVJFSF MP RVF RVJFSF EFTDVCSP DV²M FT TV QSFUFYUP QBSB TV TJUVBDJÂO EF WJEB UFO HP RVF MMFHBS B VO HSBEP EF FOUFOEJNJFOUP RVF NF QFSNJUB RVF MB TPMV DJÂO FTQBDJBM RVF EPZ TFB FM USBKF B MB NFEJEB BM DVFSQP EFM VTVBSJP .J FTUJMP BSRVJUFDUÂOJDP FT FTDVDIBS Z MVFHP IBHP USBKFT B MB NFEJEB OP FT UPZ DBTBEP DPO OJOHVOB FTDVFMB QFSP T½ CVTDP MP BVU¹OUJDP Z DPOUFNQP S²OFPy &TP T½ OP IBHP FTDFOPHSBG½BT IBHP BSRVJUFDUVSB 4PZ VO QPDP QTJDÂMPHP PCTFSWP Z IBHP VO BO²MJTJT EFM DMJFOUF QBSB N½ FT GVOEBNFO UBM TBCFS DÂNP QJFOTB MB QFSTPOB DÂNP WJWF MB QFSTPOBy 2V¹ EFTFB 5PEP BSRVJUFDUP UJFOF MB JOGMVFODJB EF VOB FTDVFMB EF VO DPMF HBy {$VµM FT FM UVZP 4½ UFOHP TPO EPT Z FTU²O WJWPT VOP GVF NJ NBFTUSP FO MB 6/". FM %S (FSBSEP (V½[BS #FSNÈEF[ Z FM PUSP FT FM BSRVJUFDUP "YFM "SBÁÂ RVJFO FTU² FO TVT DJODVFOUBT Z DPO RVJFO EFTBSSPMM¹ WBSJPT FEJGJDJPT QÈ CMJDPT VOJWFSTJUBSJPT EJTFÁ¹ DBTBT Z VOB QMB[B FO FM $FOUSP )JTUÂSJDP EF MB $JVEBE EF .¹YJDP MMBNBEB 1MB[B EF MB )VNJMEBE FO FM DBMMFKÂO EF .BO[BOBSFT 4PCSF MPT DM²TJDPT NF FODBOUBO MPT BSRVJUFDUPT SFOBDFOUJTUBT DPNP 4FCBTUJBOP 4FSMJP RVJFO DPOTUSVZÂ FM QBMBDJP EF 'POUBJOFCMFBV "NP FM 3FOBDJNJFOUP NF FODBOUB QFOTBS RVF NJ USBCBKP BVORVF OP TFB VOB CÈT RVFEB QSFDJTB EFM 3FOBDJNJFOUP T½ NF HVTUB TBCFS RVF NJT JEFBT SFOB DFO FO DBEB VTVBSJP &YJTUF VO DPNÞO EFOPNJOBEPS RVF EFGJOF MB PCSB EF UPEP BS RVJUFDUP {DVµM FT FM UVZP 4PO DJODP MPT BDUPSFT QSJODJQBMFT RVF TBMFO B FTDFOB MV[ DPMPS NBUFSJBM FTDBMB Z QSPQPSDJÂO IF MMFHBEP B FTUB FUBQB EF NJ WJEB FO MB RVF JEFOUJGJRV¹ RVF FTUPT TPO MPT FMFNFOUPT C²TJDPT RVF TJFNQSF EFCFO FTUBS QSFTFOUFT QBSB DSFBS OVFTUSP USBKF B MB NFEJEB )BCMBT EF DSFBS USBKFT B MB NFEJEB QFSP OP B UPEP FM NVOEP MF RVFEB QPOFSTF EF UPEP DPNP EJDFO iEF MB NPEB MP RVF UF BDPNPEBw $VBOEP UF EBT DVFOUB RVF VOB QFUJDJÎO EF UV DMJFOUF OP WB DPO ÀM {TF MP EJDFT 4½ QPSRVF MB BSRVJUFDUVSB FT VO FTQFKP EF MB QFSTPOB MB BSRVJUFD UVSB EFCF BZVEBS B RVF MB HFOUF TF FOUJFOEB 1PS FKFNQMP IBZ DMJFOUFT RVF FO TV WJEB TF WBO B TFOUBS FO VO DPNFEPS QPSRVF TPO QFSTPOBT RVF USBCBKBO NVDIP TPO TPMJUBSJBT OP UJFOFO GBNJMJB FOUPODFT MFT EJHP RVF OP TJHBO MPT DMJDI¹T Z MFT TVHJFSP RVF PDVQFO MPT FTQBDJPT QFOTBOEP FO

TVT SFRVFSJNJFOUPT %FCFT FOUSBS BM NVOEP EFM DMJFOUFy : FOUSF N²T QF OFUSBT N²T TF WB BKVTUBOEP FM USBKF B MB NFEJEB QPSRVF SPNQFT DPO MPT DPOWFODJPOBMJTNPT %FCFNPT EBSMFT BDPNQBÁBNJFOUP RVF MPT MMFWFO BM GJOBM EF TVT WJEBT B UFOFS SFDVFSEPT N²HJDPT EFM TJUJP EPOEF WJWJFSPO USB CBKBSPO $PNP CVFO TBTUSF IBZ EJWFSTPT NBUFSJBMFT RVF OP WBO DPO UV FTUJMPy 1PS FKFNQMP IBZ EJTFÍBEPSFT RVF KBNµT USBCBKBSÅBO DPO MB TFEBy :P VTP EF UPEP NFOPT BRVFMMPT NBUFSJBMFT RVF WJFOFO EFTEF VO BDUP EF JSSFTQPOTBCJMJEBE QPS DBQSJDIP RVF OP BQPSUFO OBEB DPNP TF S½BO BRVFMMPT FMFNFOUPT DM²TJDPT IFDIPT FO VOJDFM QBTUJDIFT SFQJUP ZP OP IBHP FTDFOPHSBG½BT 1FTF B UV FEBE UJFOFT VOB FYQFSJFODJB NVZ BNQMJB {2VÀ NFOTBKF MFT EBSÅBT B MBT OVFWBT HFOFSBDJPOFT RVF CVTDBO FOGPDBS TF FO UV µSFB MBCPSBM -FT EJS½B RVF DPOG½FO FO FTP RVF MPT NPUJWÂ B FTUVEJBS BSRVJ UFDUVSB RVF QPS N²T DPNQMJDBEP RVF TFB FM DPOUFYUP RVF TJHBO BEF MBOUFy &TB GMBNB RVF WJWF EFOUSP EF FMMPT FT MP ÈOJDP RVF MFT WB B IB DFS GMVJS FO MB TPDJFEBE FT VOB DBSSFSB DSVFM FYJHFOUFy %FCFO TFS DPOTDJFOUFT RVF MPHSBS MPT CVFOPT DPOUSBUPT FT EJG½DJM QFSP DVBOEP SFBMNFOUF FSFT BSRVJUFDUP MP MPHSBTy &T G²DJM RVF BMHVJFO EFKF MB DB SSFSB DVBOEP TF GPSNÂ DPNP BSRVJUFDUP QFSP OP DVBOEP OBDJÂ TJFO EP BSRVJUFDUP 5BNCJ¹O MFT SFDPNJFOEP RVF FTDVDIFO B TVT DMJFOUFT B UPEPT FO VO NVOEP MMFOP EF FHP QSFWBMFDFO MPT RVF FTDVDIBNPT &O QPDBT QBMBCSBT MFT EJS½B RVF OP UJSFO MB UPBMMB Z RVF BQSFDJFO B TVT DMJFOUFT {&O RVÀ QPTJDJÎO TF FODVFOUSBO BDUVBMNFOUF MPT BSRVJUFD UPT NFYJDBOPT FO DPNQBSBDJÎO DPO MPT EF PUSPT QBÅTFT &O .¹YJDP TPNPT DPOPDJEPT QPS MB BSRVJUFDUVSB IFDIB FO MB QSJNFSB NJUBE EFM TJHMP 99 QSJODJQBMNFOUF MB EF -VJT #BSSBH²O GVF SB EF ¹M OP IB FYJTUJEP PUSP RVF IBZB HBOBEP VO 1SJU[LFS 5BNCJ¹O TF SFDPOPDFO MBT PCSBT EF 1FESP 3BN½SF[ 7²[RVF[ 4JO FNCBSHP MB BSRVJUFDUVSB EF MPT PDIFOUB Z OPWFOUB TÂMP TPO SFGSJUPT EF PUSPT QB½ TFT Z QBSB MPT TF IBO IFDIP WFSTJPOFT EF MB FTDVFMB IPMBOEFTB UBNCJ¹O FT JNQPSUBOUF SFDPSEBS RVF BIPSJUB TF FTU² SFEFTDVCSJFOEP MB BSRVJUFDUVSB FNPDJPOBM EF .BUIJBT (PFSJU[ &T VO CVFO NPNFOUP QBSB WPMWFS B UFKFS MBT QSPQVFTUBT UFOFNPT NVDIP QPS USBCBKBS EF CFNPT EFUFOFS MB JNQPSUBDJÂO EFM QFOTBNJFOUP Z DSFBS FM QSPQJP

1~(*/" #

&- */'03."%03 &- */'03."%03

%PNJOHP EF TFQUJFNCSF EF

"'1

Terry Pratchett: la obra como espejo parรณdico de nosotros mismos

1FTF B TFS VOP EF MPT BVUPSFT JOHMFTFT Nย T MFยคEPT FO FM QSPHSBNB QSFMJNJOBS EF MB 'FSJB *OUFSOBDJPOBM EFM -JCSP FO (VBEBMBKBSB EPOEF 3FJOP 6OJEP FT JOWJUBEP EF IPOPS OP TF DPOUFNQMB ร EF NPNFOUPร BMHVOB BDUJWJEBE FO TV IPOPS

1PS 3JDBSEP 4PMยฝT

PO MB FEJDJร O EF MB 'FSJB *OUFSOBDJPOBM EFM -JCSP '*- EF (VBEBMBKBSB B VOPT NFTFT EF EJTUBODJB EF MPT OVNFSPTPT BV UPSFT CSJUยฒOJDPT oZB RVF FM 3FJOP 6OJEP FT FM QBยฝT JOWJUBEP EF IPOPS BM FODVFOUSPo RVF OP GVFSPO JOWJUBEPT TF FODVFOUSB 5FSSZ 1SBU DIFUU BVORVF EF DVBMRVJFS GPSNB OP IBCSยฝB QPEJEP BDVEJS EFCJEP B TV QSF NBUVSP GBMMFDJNJFOUP IBDF TFJT NFTFT FM QBTBEP EF NBS[P B MPT Bร PT EF FEBE 4JO FNCBSHP MP BOUFSJPS OP SFTUB NยนSJUPT EF OJOHVOB DMBTF B VO BVUPS RVF TF EJTUJOHVF QPS TV EFTCPSEBEB JNBHJOBDJร O Z VO ยนYJUP EF WFOUBT RVF FO TV QBยฝT EVSBOUF MPT ร MUJNPT Bร PT Tร MP FT TVQFSBEP QPS + , 3PXMJOHT MB DSFBEPSB EF MB TBHB EF )BSSZ 1PUUFS Z MB OBDJFOUF TFSJF EF OPWFMBT EFM EFUFD UJWF $PSNPSBO 4USJLF FTDSJUBT CBKP FM TFVEร OJNP EF 3PCFSU (BMCSBJUI &O FGFDUP MBT WFOUBT EF MPT MJCSPT EF 1SBUDIFUU B OJWFM NVOEJBM TVQFSBO DPO GBDJMJEBE MPT NJMMPOFT EF FKFN QMBSFT Z TF IBO USBEVDJEP B JEJPNBT TJO FNCBSHP B QFTBS EF TFS VO BVUPS iBDFQUBEPw FO FM ยฒNCJUP EFM NFSDBEP FEJUPSJBM OP TFEVDF B UPEP UJQP EF MFD UPS FO FTQFDJBM QPSRVF EFEJDร TV WJEB B MB DJFODJB GJDDJร O Z MB MMBNBEB MJUFSB UVSB iEF GBOUBTยฝBw HยนOFSPT RVF TJHVFO TJFOEP WJTUPT DPO SFDFMP QPS QBSUF EF DJFSUP TFDUPS EF MB DSยฝUJDB FTQFDJBMJ[BEB RVF OP DPODJCF RVF FTUB DMBTF EF OBSSB UJWB QVFEB QSPEVDJS HSBOEFT OPWFMBT V iPCSBT NBFTUSBTw " QFTBS EF FMMP OBEJF BSSFCBUร BM FTDSJUPS FM QSJWJMFHJP EF DPOWFSUJSTF FO VO BVUPS iEF DVMUPw DPO NJMMPOFT EF GB OยฒUJDPT FO UPEP FM QMBOFUB MP RVF FO CVFOB NFEJEB TF EFCF B RVF MPT MJCSPT EF 1SBUDIFUU GVFSPO BEBQUBEPT FO NยฒT EF VOB PDBTJร O BM UFBUSP FM DJOF Z MB UF MFWJTJร O FTP TJO NFODJPOBS TV CSFWF QBTP QPS MB IJTUPSJFUB QFSP UBNCJยนO TF DPOWJSUJFSPO FO MB CBTF QBSB MB DSFBDJร O EF WJEFPKVFHPT UFSSFOP FO FM RVF GVF QJPOFSP

1SBUDIFUU FO FTQBยฎPM &O QBMBCSBT EF "MJY -FWFVHMF FEJ UPSB EFM TFMMP 1MB[B +BOยนT FO &TQBร B 1SBUDIFUU iFT VOP EF MPT BVUPSFT RVF MMF WB NยฒT UJFNQP FO OVFTUSP DBUยฒMPHP FNCMFNยฒUJDP Z RVFSJEP QPS TVT MFDUP SFT RVF MP IBO TFHVJEP B USBWยนT EF MPT Bร PT Z NยฒT EF MJCSPT USBEVDJEPT BM FTQBร PMw BTยฝ MPT UยฝUVMPT EFM FTDSJUPS TF FYQPSUBO iCBTUBOUFw B .ยนYJDP iTยฝ MPT FOWJBNPT QFSP BVORVF FM F CPPL IB GB DJMJUBEP NVDIP MBT DPTBT Z TF FYQPSUBO FO CVFOB DBOUJEBE OP TF WFOEFO UBOUP DPNP FO &TQBร Bw 1PS MP RVF SFTQFDUB BM DPOTVNP EF

MJCSPT FMFDUSร OJDPT FTUF iWB DSFDJFO EPw EJDF MB FEJUPSB iFT BMHP RVF OP WB NVZ SยฒQJEP ย FO &TQBร B OJ TJRVJFSB TF BDFSDB BM NFSDBEP EF MJCSPT FO GยฝTJDPย QFSP RVF OPT BZVEB NVDIยฝTNP FO MB EJTUSJCVDJร O EF MJCSPT EF BVUPSFT RVF OP MMFHBO FO GPSNBUP GยฝTJDP B NVDIPT MVHBSFTw

&M NVOEP DPNP VO EJTDP 4F TBCF RVF 1SBUDIFUU ย RVJFO OB DJร FO FO FM QPCMBEP EF #FBDPOT GJFME DPOEBEP EF #VDLJOHIBNTIJSFย GVF VO WPSB[ MFDUPS EF DJFODJB GJDDJร O EFTEF OJร P Z QVCMJDร EF GPSNB UFNQSB OB B MPT Bร PT EF FEBE TV QSJNFS DVFOUP QBSB MVFHP JODVSTJPOBS FO FM QF SJPEJTNP DPO UPEP B OJWFM QSPGFTJPOBM TV DBSSFSB DPNP FTDSJUPS JOJDJB FO Z EFTQVยนT EF BMHVOBT OPWFMBT EF DJFO DJB GJDDJร O RVF GVFSPO SFDJCJEBT DPO UJ CJF[B BMDBO[ร FM ยนYJUP NBTJWP DPO i&M DPMPS EF MB NBHJBw QSJNFSB OP WFMB EF MB TFSJF i%JTDXPSMEw P .VOEP %JTDP FO FTQBร PM 1FSP {RVยน IBDF BUSBDUJWB B MB TFSJF i%JTDXPSMEw 1SJNFSP TV TPSQSFOEFO UF DPOTUBODJB TF DPOGPSNB EF OPWF MBT ย MB ร MUJNB EF FMMBT i3BJTJOH 4UFBNw TF QVCMJDร FO Z VO Bร P EFTQVยนT 1SBUDIFUU UFSNJOร MB RVF TFSยฝB FM GJOBMย iEF GBOUBTยฝBw FO MBT RVF iFM NVOEPw FT VO EJTDP QMBOP TPTUFOJEP QPS DVBUSP FMFGBOUFT RVF TF IBMMBO TP CSF FM DBQBSB[ร O EF VOB HJHBOUFTDB UPS UVHB TJ OP FT FYUSBร P OPUBS FM FMFNFO UP QBSร EJDP EF BMVEJS B MB USBEJDJร O BOUJHVB UBNQPDP MP FT RVF SFUPNF QB SB BMVEJSMPT P USBTUPDBSMPT EFUBMMFT EF PCSBT EF PUSPT DยนMFCSFT BVUPSFT FOUSF FMMPT + 3 3 5PMLJFO ) 1 -PWFDSBGU P FM QSPQJP 4IBLFTQFBSF

*OUFMJHFODJB F JSPOยชB 1BSB -FWFVHMF FM BUSBDUJWP EF MB PCSB EFM CSJUยฒOJDP TF EFCF iB TV PSJHJ OBMJEBE TV FTUJMP FT VOB NF[DMB RVF OP TF FODVFOUSB FO PUSP BVUPS FT NVZ TV ZP DPOKVOUB MB GBOUBTยฝB DPO MB JSPOยฝB FM DPNFOUBSJP TPDJBM Z MPT KVFHPT EF QBMB CSBT FT VOB FTDSJUVSB NVZ JOUFMJHFOUF Z MMFOB EF IVNBOJEBE RVF OPT QSFTFO UB VO FTQFKP QBSร EJDP EF OPTPUSPT NJT NPT Z MB TPDJFEBE B USBWยนT EF VO NVO EP UBO GBOUยฒTUJDP DPNP EJWFSUJEPw 1PS FTUBT SB[POFT OP FT FYUSBร P RVF TVT MFDUPSFT TFBO iNVZ GJFMFTw FT UBCMFDF MB FEJUPSB iBMHP RVF WJNPT DVBOEP GBMMFDJร QPSRVF FO SFEFT TPDJB MFT TF MF SFOEยฝB IPNFOBKF FO UPEP FM NVOEP OP IBZ RVF PMWJEBS RVF UPEB VOB HFOFSBDJร O ย FO &TQBร B DPNP FO PUSPT QBยฝTFTย DSFDJร DPO TV PCSBw 1PS TVQVFTUP MB JOUFMJHFODJB Z UB MBOUF DSFBUJWP EF 1SBUDIFUU OP TF MJNJUB B i%JTDXPSMEw TV USBCBKP FT NVDIP NยฒT BNQMJP Z IB JODVSTJPOBEP FO EJGF SFOUFT HยนOFSPT MJUFSBSJPT TPCSF UPEP FO

TV ร MUJNB ยนQPDB DVBOEP FTDSJCJร BSUยฝ DVMPT Z FOTBZPT ย BMHVOPT FO UPSOP B MB FOGFSNFEBE RVF MP MMFWร B MB UVNCBย QFSP BGJSNB -FWFVHMF FTUP OP TF IB DPOTJEFSBEP QVCMJDBS UPEBWยฝB FO FTQB ร PM iQPSRVF IFNPT EBEP QSJPSJEBE B TVT ร MUJNBT OPWFMBT FO OPWJFNCSF TB MF BM NFSDBEP MB FOUSFHB Oร NFSP DVB SFOUB EF .VOEP %JTDP A" UPEP WBQPS Z B QSJODJQJPT EF BQBSFDFSยฒ MB DPO DMVTJร O EF MB TFSJF QPS MB RVF ZB IBZ HSBO FYQFDUBUJWB QPS QBSUF EF TVT GBOT BEFNยฒT TF QSFWยน QVCMJDBS PUSB TFSJF EF DJFODJB GJDDJร O RVF FTDSJCJร B DVBUSP NBOPT DPO PUSP BVUPS 4UFQIFO #BY UFS MMBNBEB A-B UJFSSB MBSHB RVF MMF WB USFT FOUSFHBT Z GBMUBO EPT NยฒTw " MP BOUFSJPS BHSFHB MB FEJUPSB iTF TVNBO VOPT DVFOUPT JOGBOUJMFT RVF QP TJCMFNFOUF TBMHBO B MB WFOUB FO NBS[P EFM Bร P FOUSBOUF KVOUP DPO MB FOUSFHB EF MB TFSJF .VOEP %JTDP TBCFNPT RVF 1SBUDIFUU UJFOF NVDIPT PUSPT UยฝUV MPT QFSP DSFFNPT FTP FT MP RVF NยฒT FT QFSBO TVT GBOยฒUJDPT QPS FTP OPT DFO USBNPT FO FTPT MJCSPTw &O MPT ร MUJNPT Bร PT BM NFOPT FO &TQBร B FM SJUNP EF QVCMJDBDJร O QBSB MPT MJCSPT EF 1SBUDIFUU iIB TJEP NVZ CVFOP QVCMJDBNPT BM NFOPT EPT EF TVT UยฝUVMPT QPS Bร P Z FTP FT QPSRVF UFOยฝB NPT DJFSUP SFUSBTP SFTQFDUP B MB QVCMJ DBDJร O FO JOHMยนT Z OFDFTJUยฒCBNPT QP OFSOPT BM EยฝB TF USBUB EF VO BVUPS RVF TF JOTFSUB CJFO FO FM NFSDBEP QPSRVF TVT MFDUPSFT TPO WPSBDFTw

-B ยทMUJNB FUBQB -PT ร MUJNPT Bร PT EF 1SBUDIFUU TF WJFSPO NBSDBEPT QPS MB TPNCSB PNJ OPTB EF MB FOGFSNFEBE FO USBT DPOGFTBS Qร CMJDBNFOUF RVF QBEFDยฝB VOB WFSTJร O iNVZ SBSBw EF "M[IFJNFS DPNFO[ร BTJNJTNP VOB DSV[BEB QFS TPOBM RVF MF MMFWร B QBSUJDJQBS FO QSP HSBNBT UFMFWJTJWPT TPCSF FM UFNB QB SB MB DBEFOB Qร CMJDB ##$ SFBMJ[BS EPOBDJPOFT B MB GVOEBDJร O CSJUยฒOJDB EF JOWFTUJHBDJร O TPCSF FM QBEFDJNJFO UP Z FTDSJCJS BM SFTQFDUP FM Bร P BOUF SJPS QVCMJDร i4IBLJOH IBOET XJUI EFBUIw VO FOTBZP BVUPCJPHSยฒGJDP FO FM RVF TBMEB DVFOUBT DPO TV WJEB Z RVF TF EFSJWB EF VOB DPOGFSFODJB TVZB RVF QPTUFSJPSNFOUF GVF JODMVJEB FO VO EPDVNFOUBM 5FSSZ 1SBUDIFUU RVF TJFNQSF EF DMBSร RVF UPNBCB TV HSBWF QSPCMFNB EF TBMVE iDPO GJMPTPGยฝBw FO FM TFOUJEP RVF MF PUPSHBCBO MPT HSJFHPT BOUJHVPT NVSJร FM QBTBEP EF NBS[P FO TV IP HBS Z FO DPNQBร ยฝB EF TV NVKFS Z TV IJ KB 4VT USBEVDDJPOFT BM DBTUFMMBOP ย Z TVT MFDUPSFT EFWPUPT FO )JTQBOPBNยนSJ DBย TPO NยฒT RVF TVGJDJFOUFT QBSB RVF FO FM NBSDP EF MB NBZPS GFSJB EF OVFT USP JEJPNB FO FM NVOEP TF SJOEB VO IP NFOBKF B TV NFNPSJB