'6/%"%03&4 +FT·T ~MWBSF[ EFM $BTUJMMP 7 +PSHF ~MWBSF[ EFM $BTUJMMP ;
&%*503 %*3&$503 $BSMPT ~MWBSF[ EFM $BTUJMMP (
"º0 9$7*** 50.0 $$$-97* /Á.&30
#
4&$$* /
?Q=@ANJK @A HA?PQN=
1 , ]Ê °]Ê
" "Ê £nÊ Ê 9"Ê
ÊÓä£{
nq`]o t ok^na nqa`]o( h]o ]i]ukj]O L cej] oaeo HHAC=NKJ -Õ«iÀÛ Ã À\Ê >Ê, `À }ÕiâÊ> >°À `À }ÕiâJ v À >` À°V ° ÝÊÉÊ ijÊ Õ âÊ> iiJ v À >` À°V ° ÝÊ
Ah l]npe`k ]__e j j]_ekj]h aj ^qo_] `a oq cq ] L cej] pnao
?kjk_a ] qj lanokj]fa _kj ]hi] jacn] L cej] _ej_k
&- */'03."%03
Juan Francisco
González o el elogio de la sencillez y la amistad 2VJFO GVFSB FM QSJNFS TFDSFUBSJP EF $VMUVSB EF MB &OUJEBE FT UBNCJ O VO IPNCSF TBCJP Z IVNJMEF RVF DPNQBSUF TV DPOPDJNJFOUP
/
1PS 3JDBSEP 4PM½T
*.16-403 " +VBO 'SBODJTDP (PO[ÈMF[ 3PESÓHVF[ MF UPDØ MMFWBS MBT SJFOEBT EFM EFTBSSPMMP DVMUVSBM FO +BMJTDP EFTEF MB OBDJFOUF 4FDSFUBSÓB EF $VMUVSB
P MP TFEVDFO MPT SFDPOPDJNJFOUPT Z IPNFOBKFT SFDJ¹O MP IBO EJTUJOHVJEP FO VO FWFOUP QÈCMJDP QPS TV EFUFSNJOBO UF QBSUJDJQBDJÂO FO FM QSPDFTP EF BERVJTJDJÂO EF MB $BTB -VJT #BSSBH²O FO MB $JVEBE EF .¹YJDP IFDIP RVF DVN QMF EPT E¹DBEBT Z +VBO 'SBODJTDP (PO[²MF[ SFTFSWÂ MB QBSUF GJOBM EF TV EJTDVSTP B DFMFCSBS MB BNJTUBE JODPOEJ DJPOBM BRVFMMB RVF QSBDUJDBO MPT RVF OPT BDPNQBÁBO iFO MBT CVFOBT Z MBT NBMBTw /P KV[HB USBTDFOEFOUF TV SFDPOPDJNJFOUP DPNFOUB iMP RVF QBTB FT RVF TF BDVFSEBO EF MPT WJFKJUPT Z FTP FT CVF OP RVF MB KVWFOUVE SFDVFSEF B UBOUP WJFKJUP CSJMMBOUF RVF IF NPT UFOJEP FO +BMJTDP 0KBM² FTUF UJQP EF BDUPT DSF[DBO Z TF NVMUJQMJRVFO B GBWPS EF PUSPT WFSEBEFSPT UBMFOUPT Z OP CV SÂDSBUBT DPNP ZP IBCMP EF BSUJTUBT Z DSFBEPSFT B MPT RVF TF SFDPOPDF FO PUSBT QBSUFT EFM QB½T P FM FYUSBOKFSP Z OP BRV½ FO FM &TUBEPw
-B CVSPDSBDJB
4"#&3 .«4 1FSTPOBKF EF FNQVKF YYY Ê£ ÓÊ Õ> Ê À> V ÃV Ê â? iâÊ iÊ` Êv À >Ê>Ê >Ê >VÌÕ> Ê-iVÀiÌ>À >Ê`iÊ Õ ÌÕÀ>Ê`iÊ > ÃV ]Ê`iÊ >ʵÕiÊ `ÕÀ> ÌiÊÕ Ê«iÀ ` Ê`iÊ ÌÀiÃÊ> ÃÊvÕiÊÌ> L j ÊÃÕÊ «À iÀÊÌ ÌÕ >À°Ê Ê YYY Êi Ê? L Ì Ê«À Û>` ]Ê vÕ ` Ê >Êi` Ì À > Ê iÝ?} ]Ê«iµÕi >ÊÞÊ `iÃÌ>Ê i ÊÃÕÊiµÕ «> i Ì ]Ê«iÀ Ê ÕÞÊà } v V>Ì Û>Ê« ÀÊÃÕÊ V>Ì? } Ê`iÊÌ ÌÕ Ã]Êi Ê ÃÊ µÕiÊ ÕiÛ> i ÌiÊÃiÊ` Ê «ÀiviÀi V >Ê>Ê ÃÊÛ> ÀiÃÊ ÌiÀ>À ÃÊiÊ ÃÌ À }À?v V ÃÊ`iÊ >ÊÀi} °Ê Ê YYY Êj ÊÃiÊ`iLiÊÌ> L j Ê µÕiÊi Ê} L iÀ Ê`iÊ > ÃV Ê >`µÕ À iÀ>]Ê >ViÊ ?ÃÊ`iÊ {äÊ> Ã]Ê >Êv V>Ê ÃÌ À V>Ê V V `>ÊV Ê >Ê Ài >]Êi Ê >Ê« L >V Ê`iÊ >Ê >ÀV>]ÊÞʵÕiÊ >V >Ê i ` >` ÃÊ`i Êà } Ê8 8Ê«iÀÌi iV Ê> Ê >Vi `>` Ê À> V ÃV Ê6i >À`iÊÞÊ`iÊ >Ê À>]ÊV V ` ÊV ʺi Ê ÕÀÀ Ê`iÊ"À »°
1BSB (PO[²MF[ 3PES½HVF[ FT TFODJMMP IB TJEP VO CVS DSBUB iQPSRVF SFDJC½B VO TVFMEP QPS QBSUF EFM &TUBEP Z MP RVF IJDF DPO ¹M GVF JOUFOUBS SFBMJ[BS MP RVF TF EFCF FO FTBT DPOEJDJPOFT FT EFDJS ZP USBCBK¹ FO FM (PCJFSOP Z BT½ FT BIPSB FO FTP IBZ QFSTPOBT RVF MP IBDFO NBM PUSPT SFHV MBS Z BMHVOPT QVFEFO IBDFSMP CJFO 4PO MPT EFN²T MPT RVF EFCFO KV[HBS FTF USBCBKP RVF FMMPT KV[HVFO TJ FTUVWP CJFO P NBM MP RVF º1 >Êà >Ê«iÀà >Ê IJDF DVBOEP SFDJC½ FTF TVFMEPw $PO UPEP TV QSPQJB JNQSFTJÂO Ê«Õi`iÊ >ViÀÊÌ ` Ê BDFSDB EF TV MBCPS BM GSFOUF EF EJT UJOUBT JOTUJUVDJPOFT DVMUVSBMFT OP ʵÕiÊi Êi ÊÃiVÌ ÀÊ EFTQFHB MPT QJFT EFM TVFMP BGJSNB «ÖL V ÊÃiÊ iVià Ì>ÆÊ RVF iTF QVEP NFKPSBS NVDIP OP DSFP RVF IBZB IFDIP MBT DPTBT EF >}À>`iâV Êà i «ÀiÊ>Ê MB NFKPS NBOFSB OVODB &TP T½ NF ÃÊ ÕV ÃÊ FTGPSD¹ QPS IBDFSMP CJFO OP T¹ TJ MP V >L À>` ÀiÃʵÕiÊ MPHS¹ P OPw 1PS PUSB QBSUF BM CVTDBS FTUB ÌÕÛi]ÊÌ ` ÃÊi ÃÊ`iÊ CMFDFS VO DPNQBSBUJWP FOUSF TV ¹QP DB DPNP GVODJPOBSJP DPO MBT DPOEJ iÝVi i ÌiÊV> `>`Ê DJPOFT BDUVBMFT FO FM FKFSDJDJP EF MB «iÀà > ]ÊV ÊÕ >Ê BENJOJTUSBDJÂO EF MB DVMUVSB FM D¹ i ÌÀi}>ʵÕiÊÀ>Þ>Êi Ê MFCSF HFTUPS FT DMBSP BM TFÁBMBS RVF iEF MB BDUVBMJEBE OP QVFEF QSFHVO ÊiÝÌÀ> À` >À » UBSNF NVDIP IPZ E½B FTUPZ FODF SSBEP FO NJT MFDUVSBT EF IBDF BÁPT 3FMFP B 4UFOEIBM P MB BCBEFTB EF $BTUSP Z DS¹BNF B WFDFT OJ NF BTPNP BM QFSJÂEJDP QPSRVF FTUPZ NBM EF MPT PKPT 4BMHP QPDP EFTEF RVF OP QVFEP NBOFKBS BT½ RVF NJ NVKFS Z NJT IJKPT NF MMFWBO DPO FMMPT DPNP VO CVMUP QPS FTP NJ PQJOJÂO TPCSF MB BDUVBMJEBE OP QVFEF TFS TÂMJEB OJ HBSBOUJ[B RVF QVFEB FTUBCMFDFS VO KVJDJP IPOFTUBNFOUF NF QBSFDF JOEFCJEP PQJOBSw
&RVJQP Z NPUJWBDJ°O
&O TV EJTDVSTP BM SFDJCJS FM SFDPOPDJNJFOUP RVF MF IJDJFSPO FM *5&40 Z MB 'VOEBDJÂO EF "SRVJUFDUVSB 5BQB U½B -VJT #BSSBH²O FM QSPNPUPS IJ[P FODPNJP EF MB BNJT UBE EFTUBDB MB JNQPSUBODJB EF MB MBCPS EF FRVJQP FO TV USBCBKP iVOB TPMB QFSTPOB OP QVFEF IBDFS UPEP MP RVF FO FM TFDUPS QÈCMJDP TF OFDFTJUB BHSBEF[DP TJFNQSF B MPT NVDIPT DPMBCPSBEPSFT RVF UVWF UPEPT FMMPT EF FYDFMFO UF DBMJEBE QFSTPOBM DPO VOB FOUSFHB RVF SBZB FO MP FY USBPSEJOBSJP "EFN²T UVWF BQPZP UBNCJ¹O EF GVODJPOB SJPT EF BMUP SBOHP RVF DPOGJBSPO FO RVF ZP IBS½B BMHP JNQPSUBOUF QBSB +BMJTDPw &O FTUF DPOUFYUP TF JOTDSJCF FM IFDIP RVF IBDF EPT E¹DB EBT NBSDÂ MB BERVJTJDJÂO EFM MFHBEP BSRVJUFDUÂOJDP F JOUFMFD
130.0$*»/ .64*$"- +VBO 'SBODJTDP (PO[ÈMF[ TFDSFUBSJP EF $VMUVSB KVOUP B .BSUIB (PO[ÈMF[ EF )FSOÈOEF[ MB TPQSBOP 7JPMFUB %ÈWBMPT Z "MGPOTP )FSOÈOEF[ #BSCB
UVBM EF -VJT #BSSBH²O QPS QBSUF EFM (PCJFSOP KBMJTDJFOTF VO NP NFOUP RVF FO QBMBCSBT EF (PO[²MF[ 3PES½HVF[ iNPUJWÂ B NV DIB HFOUF QBSB EBSOPT DVFOUB EF MP RVF FSB Z UFO½B +BMJTDP EF WBMJPTP " QBSUJS EF FTP IB IBCJEP PUSPT RVF IBO WFOJEP SFBMJ [BOEP DPTBT WBMJPTBT Z QPTJUJWBT FO MB FOUJEBE FTP T½ FT VOB TB UJTGBDDJÂO N½B IBCFS NPUJWBEP B OVNFSPTBT QFSTPOBT F JOTUJ UVDJPOFT RVF TF IBO EFEJDBEP B QSFTFSWBS Z DVMUJWBS BRVFMMBT BDUJWJEBEFT RVF TPO FTUSJDUBNFOUF FTQJSJUVBMFT EF VOB DJVEBE VO QVFCMP VOB DPNBSDB MP RVF TPO FM BSUF Z MB DVMUVSBw
5JFNQPT EJTUJOUPT
1BSB RVJFOFT BIPSB TF WJODVMBO BM USBCBKP EF QSP NPDJÂO EF MB DVMUVSB (PO[²MF[ 3PES½HVF[ FT MP TFÁB M +VBO +PT¹ %PÁ²O VO FKFNQMP Z VO SFGFSFOUF QFSP FM SFOPNCSBEP HFTUPS FT FOG²UJDP BM EFDJS RVF iMB OFUB EFM QMBOFUB OP NF MP DSFP .F QBSFDF RVF TF IJ[P BMHP JN QPSUBOUF TF DPOKVOU VO FRVJQP NVZ JOUFSFTBOUF EF DP MBCPSBEPSFT RVF USBCBKBSPO DPONJHP (PO[BMP 7JMMB .BS½B 'FSOBOEB .BUVT "MCFSUP 0SP[DP %JFHP 4BOUB DSV[ "MGPOTP EF "MCB FO GJO NVDIPT 'VF DPNP VO BSSBORVF QBSB RVF NVDIPT TF JOUFSFTBSBO FO MBT BDUJWJ EBEFT DVMUVSBMFT TF HFOFS VO BNCJFOUF RVF QVFEF KV[ HBSTF DPNP VO EFTQFSUBS QFMFBOEP B WFDFTw 1PS PUSB QBSUF SFDPOPDF BRVFMMPT UJFNQPT iFSBO NVZ EJTUJOUPT B MPT EF BIPSB )B IBCJEP NVDIPT DBNCJPT FO MB DJVEBE RVF DPNP EJDF MB DBODJÂO UPEBW½B PM½B B UJFSSB NP KBEB 1BSB NVDIBT DVFTUJPOFT OP TÂMP QBSB MB DVMUVSB MBT JOTUJUVDJPOFT TF FTUBCBO DSFBOEP FSBO NJOÈTDVMBT Z BIPSB TPO NPOTUSVPT QBSB USBUBS B VO &FTUBEP UBO EFTBSSP MMBEP Z DPNQMFKP DPNP +BMJTDPw
&GJDBDJB Z NBOJUB EF QVFSDP
"IPSB CJFO EFOUSP EF TV FKFSDJDJP BM GSFOUF EF BRVFMMPT OBDJFOUFT QSPZFDUPT F JOTUJUVDJPOFT TJ BMHP TF EFTUBDB EF TV MFHBEP FT TV iIPOFTUJEBE Z FGJDBDJBw FO FM NBOFKP EF MPT SFDVSTPT 1BSB (PO[²MF[ 3PES½ HVF[ FT N²T MP TFHVOEP QVFT iMB FGJDBDJB OP FT N²T RVF BM FTUBS FO VO DBSHP QÈCMJDP DVNQMJS DPO FM PCKF UJWP RVF EJDIP DBSHP FM RVF TFB UFOHB DPOTJTUF TJNQMFNFOUF FO IBDFS SFOEJS DBEB QFTP Z FTUJSBSMP BM N²YJNP QBSB DVNQMJS DPO MPT PCKFUJWPT &O BRVFM FO UPODFT MPT QFTPT FSBO QPDPT Z IBC½B RVF FTUJSBSMPT DP NP SFTPSUFSB : BÈO BT½ TF MPHSBSPO DPTBT JNQPSUBO UFT FOUSF FYQPTJDJPOFT Z MB DSFBDJÂO EF EFMFHBDJPOFT EF DVMUVSB NVOJDJQBMFT QPS FKFNQMPw 'JOBMNFOUF DPNP FMFNFOUP FTFODJBM FO FTUPT QSPDF TPT FM EJ²MPHP DPO FM QPEFS DPO RVJFO FTU² BM GSFOUF P BSSJ CB FO MB QJS²NJEF EFM FKFSDJDJP QÈCMJDP QBSB FM SFDPOPDJ EP HFTUPS UPEP iEFQFOEF EF RVJFO FODBCFDF MB BVUPSJEBE )BZ BVUPSJEBE TFOTJCMF F JOTFOTJCMF -B BVUPSJEBE QVFEF JOUFSFTBSTF P OP FO MBT BDUJWJEBEFT EF UBM P DVBM UJQP QF SP TJ TPO JOTFOTJCMFT IBCS² RVF IBDFS NBOJUB EF QVFSDP DPNP IBDF BÁPT DVBOEP +PT¹ -VJT -FBM 4BOBCSJB FOUPODFT 4FDSFUBSJP EF (PCJFSOP NF BZVEÂ B IBDFS DPO $BSMPT 3JWFSB "DFWFT FM HPCFSOBEPS QBSB BERVJSJS MB $BTB #BSSBH²O &TP FT DSFP FKFNQMP EF FGJDBDJB QPSRVF TJ UF EBO B DVJEBS QVFSDPT OP IBZ RVF QFSNJUJS RVF TF FO GFSNFO TJ OPT FODBSHBO DIJWPT OP IBZ RVF EFKBS RVF UP QFUFFO B MB HFOUF FO GJO MB DPTB FT TJNQMF IBZ RVF VUJ MJ[BS MPT SFDVSTPT FO PCKFUJWPT QSFDJTPT Z TBDBSMFT FM NBZPS QSPWFDIPw
1~(*/" #
&- */'03."%03 &- */'03."%03
>ร ย >ร *>ย ย ย >ร
%PNJOHP EF NBZP EF
&45"4 36*/"4 "/50/*0 0356ยบ0
ร /1, -ร ร 6 , -
&- */'03."%03 t " $"."$)0
CX Yยฐjhl\[X [\ cfj i\jkfj [\ :\imXek\j " GJOBMFT EF BCSJM DPNFO[ร FO .BESJE VO QSPZFDUP BNQB SBEP QPS FM BZVOUBNJFOUP EF MB WJMMB Z DPSUF QBSB MPDBMJ[BS MPT SFTUPT NPSUBMFT EF EPO .JHVFM EF $FSWBOUFT 4BBWFESB -B JOJDJBUJWB GVF EFM IJTUPSJBEPS 'FSOBOEP 1SBEPT Z DPO ยนM USBCBKBO EPT FYQFSUPT -VJT "WJBM Z 'SBODJTDP &UYFCFSSยฝB SFTQFDUJWBNFOUF FTQFDJBMJTUBT FO MPDBMJ[BDJร O QPS HFPSSB EBS Z BOUSPQPMPHยฝB GPSFOTF 4F TBCF DPO DFSUF[B RVF $FSWBOUFT GVF FOUFSSBEP FM EF BCSJM EF FO MB JHMFTJB EFM DPOWFOUP EF MBT 5SJOJUBSJBT EF .BESJE NPOBTUFSJP RVF TF GVOEร FO Z RVF GVF SFNPEF MBEP FO FO DVZB GBDIBEB IBZ JODMVTP VOB QMBDB RVF MP DPOGJSNB 1FSP MP RVF OBEJF TBCF FT FYBDUBNFOUF Eร OEF FTUยฒ MB TFQVMUVSB EFM NBZPS FTDSJUPS FO MFOHVB DBTUFMMBOB &O MB DSJQUB EF MB JHMFTJB IBZ QPS MP NFOPT PUSBT WFJOUJUBOUBT UVN CBT EF MB NJTNB ยนQPDB 6OB IJKB EF $FSWBOUFT *TBCFM GVF NPO KB FO FTF DPOWFOUP DPNP UBNCJยนO MP GVF .BSDFMB EF 4BO 'ยน MJY IJKB EF -PQF EF 7FHB 1FSP OP GVF QPS FTB DPOFYJร O GBNJMJBS QPS MB DVBM $FS WBOUFT RVJTP TFS FOUFSSBEP FO FTF MVHBS EPOEF UBNCJยนO MP TFSยฝB TV NVKFS Bร PT EFTQVยนT RVF ยนM 4V EFDJTJร O UFOยฝB RVF WFS DPO FM BHSBEFDJNJFOUP RVF FM FTDSJUPS TJFNQSF HVBS Eร B MB PSEFO 5SJOJUBSJB QPS TV MJCFSBDJร O EFM DBVUJWFSJP EF DJODP Bร PT FO "SHFM EPOEF KVOUP DPO TV IFSNBOP 3PESJHP FTUVWP QSFTP EF MPT UVSDPT &M EF TFQUJFNCSF EF FO WยฝTQFSBT EF TFS FNCBSDBEP DPNP FTDMBWP EFM TVMUยฒO EF $POTUBOUJOPQMB GVF SFTDBUBEP QPS FM GSBJMF USJOJUBSJP +VBO (JM Z VO NFT NยฒT UBSEF MPHSร SFHSFTBS B &TQBร B 3PESJHP IBCยฝB TJEP MJCFSBEP Bร PT BOUFT -PT IJTUPSJBEPSFT TF JODMJOBO B QFOTBS RVF MB UVNCB EF $FSWBOUFT QPTJCMFNFOUF TF IBMMF FO MB [POB QPTUFSJPS J[RVJFS EB EFM UFNQMP EPOEF BOUFT EF MBT NPEJGJDBDJPOFT EF FT UBCB FM QSFTCJUFSJP "GPSUVOBEBNFOUF FM DPOWFOUP EF MBT 5SJ OJUBSJBT EF .BESJE OP GVF EFTUSVJEP QPS MPT SPKPT EVSBOUF MB (VFSSB $JWJM OJ CPNCBSEFBEP QPS MB BWJBDJร O BMFNBOB DPNP Tยฝ PDVSSJร DPO FM .VTFP EFM 1SBEP QPS FKFNQMP :B DPODMVZร MB QSJNFSB FUBQB EF SFDPMFDDJร O EF EBUPT MB DVBM QFSNJUF TBCFS Eร OEF TF IBMMBO MBT DBWJEBEFT DPO SFTUPT ร TFPT 4FHVJSยฒ BIPSB MB GBTF EF BQFSUVSB Z FYQMPSBDJร O EF MPT IVFDPT EF MB DSJQUB FM FTQBDJP EF JOWFTUJHBDJร O FT EF BQSPYJ NBEBNFOUF NFUSPT DVBESBEPT 6OB WF[ RVF TF IBZBO BCJFSUP MPT EJTUJOUPT FOUFSSBNJFOUPT MPT BOUSPQร MPHPT GยฝTJDPT TF FODBSHBSยฒO EVSBOUF WBSJPT NFTFT EF USBUBS EF JEFOUJGJDBS MPT SFTUPT EFM .BODP EF -FQBOUP TFSยฒO QSFDJTBNFOUF MBT NBS DBT EFKBEBT QPS MBT IFSJEBT FO MB ยนQJDB CBUBMMB EFM HPMGP EF $P SJOUP EFM EF PDUVCSF EF CBKP MBT ร SEFOFT EF EPO +VBO EF "VTUSJB MBT RVF QFSNJUJSยฒO JEFOUJGJDBS DPO GBDJMJEBE TV DB EยฒWFS VOB BUSPGJB EF MB NBOP J[RVJFSEB Z FM Uร SBY EBร BEP QPS VO JNQBDUP EF CBMB EF BSDBCV[ 4V DPOUFNQPSยฒOFP Z UBNCJยนO QPFUB 'SBODJTDP EF 6SCJOB FTDSJCJร FM FQJUBGJP i" .JHVFM EF $FSWBOUFT JOTJHOF Z DSJTUJB OP JOHFOJP EF OVFTUSPT UJFNQPT B RVJFO MMFWBSPO MPT UFSDFSPT EF 4BO 'SBODJTDP B FOUFSSBS DPO MB DBSB EFTDVCJFSUB DPNP B UFSDFSP RVF FSBw
Los exquisitos /"%" 26&%" &M 3PYZ GPSP EF DPODJFSUPT OP IB QPEJEP SFDVQFSBSTF QFSP JHVBM RVFEB FO MB NFNPSJB EF NJMFT EF Kร WFOFT RVF RVJ[ร ZB OP MP TPO
6O FNPDJPOBOUF FODVFOUSP DPO -PT )FSNBOPT -FMPT QFSTPOBKFT RVF TVFMFO BTPNBSTF FO FWFOUPT RVF DPOWPDBO B NVMUJUVEFT Z RVF TVFMFO TFS NVDIP Nย T NPMFTUPT RVF BHSBEBCMFT
-
B QSJNFSB BQBSJDJร O EF MPT )FSNBOPT -F MPT TF SFHJTUSร IBDF ZB VOPT Bร PT FO MBT BGVFSBT EFM 3PYZ BRVFM MMPSBEP DJOF RVF GVF SFDPOWFSUJEP FO TBMร O EF DPODJFSUPT Z FO FM RVF NJ HFOFSBDJร O TF BTPNร QPS WF[ QSJNFSB BM TFEVDUPS BCJTNP EFM SPDBOSPM MVHBS FO FM DVBM DJFSUB OPDIF EF QSJNBWFSB TF QSFTFO UBSยฝB FM HSVQP EF QPQ KVWFOJM $BGยน 5BDVCB -PT -FMPT FSBO EPT NVDIBDIJUPT MFDIPTPT NVF MPOFT Z MFOUVEPT 4VT QSJODJQBMFT HSBDJBT FSBO VO BDFO UJUP BSSBTUSBEP RVF OP TBCSยฝB VOP TJ BUSJCVJS BM GSFOJMMP P BM FYDFTJWP DIJRVFP NBUFSOP Z VO HFTUP EF UFEJP RVF Tร MP MF TFOUBSยฝB CJFO B VO MPSE JOHMยนT EFM TJHMP 9*9 &SBO MBT OVFWF EF MB OPDIF Z FM FWFOUP BOVODJB EP QBSB DPNFO[BS B MBT PDIP OP UFOยฝB OJ QBSB DVยฒO EP -B QVOUVBMJEBE OVODB GVF VOP EF MPT NยนSJUPT EFM MVHBS QFSP GSBODBNFOUF B RVJFOFT BTJTUยฝBNPT UBNQP DP FT RVF OPT JNQPSUBSB UBOUP -B GJMB MF EBCB ZB EPT WVFMUBT B MB NBO[BOB Z FO FMMB DPOWJWยฝBNPT QVOLFUPT NFUBMFSPT DIJDPT SFHHBF GSFTBT DPO TVยนUFS TPCSF MPT IPNCSPT Z FTPT NVDIBDIPT DPO HBGBT Z CBSCBT RVF TJFNQSF IBO FYJTUJEP QFSP B RVJFOFT OBEJF QPS FTUPT MBSFT EFOPNJOBCB DPNP IJQTUFST Bร O -PT -FMPT MMFHBSPO DBNJOBOEP QPS MB DBMMF EF .F[RVJUยฒO Z BQFOBT PDVQBEPT MPT QVFTUPT RVF MFT DPSSFTQPOEยฝBO BM GJOBM EF MB IJMFSB PCTFSWBSPO B MB NVMUJUVE DPO EFTQSFDJP
.ยฝSBMPT B MPT QPCSFT 4J IBTUB QBSFDF RVF GVF SBO B QPOFSMFT B +FBO .JDIFM +BSSยน EJKP FM NยฒT BM UP EF MPT EPT MBO[BOEP B MPT BJSFT TV WP[ NBMDSJBEB Z TBMJWPTB "M PUSP -FMP TF MF FTDBQร VOB SJTJUB Dร N QMJDF QPS FOUSF MB HSJFUB RVF TF MF BCSยฝB FOUSF TVT GSF OPT Z EJFOUFT GSPOUBMFT "NCPT SJFSPO Z EFDJEJFSPO RVF BRVFM QSJNFS EFTEยนO TFSยฝB BQFOBT VO BQFSJUJWP VOB CPUBOB VO NยฝOJNP FKFSDJDJP QBSB FOUSBS FO DBMPS -PT TJHVJFO UFT NJOVUPT EF MPT )FSNBOPT -FMPT GVFSPO EFEJ DBEPT FOUFSBNFOUF B JOTVMUBSOPT B UPEPT MPT QSF TFOUFT DPNFO[BSPO QPS RVFKBSTF EF TVT DPODJVEBEBOPT QPS iDSยนEVMPT Z DPOGPSNJTUBTw Z UFSNJOBSPO QPS MBNFOUBSTF EFM FYDFTJWP QSFDJP EF MPT CPMFUPT RVF IBCยฝBO DPTUBEP BMHP BTยฝ DPNP FM FRVJWBMFOUF BDUVBM EF QFTPT Z EBCBO FM EFSFDIP BEFNยฒT EF QFEJS VOB DFSWF[B FO MB CBSSB -BT SFDSJNJOBDJPOFT EFM QBS EF FYRVJTJUPT DIB NBDPT SFBMJ[BEBT B NFOPT EF DFOUยฝNFUSPT EF RVJF OFT GPSNยฒCBNPT MB GJMB FSBO FYQFMJEBT FO WP[ UBO BM UB Z CFMJDPTB RVF BM NFEJP NJOVUP EF JOJDJBEB ZB IBCยฝB HFOUF HSVร ยนOEPMFT " MPT USFT NJOVUPT TVT WFDJOPT EF FTQFSB MPT JODSFQBSPO QPS QSJNFSB WF[ Z NJMBHSP RVF EFTQVยนT EF P OP MPT MJODIBSBO QPSRVF FM )FSNB OP -FMP NยฒT DIBQBSSP MFT HSJUร iJHOPSBOUFTw B VOPT UJ QPT DPO QMBZFSBT OFHSBT RVF TF BOJNBSPO B SFQPOFS MF RVF ZB OP MF HVTUBCB FM DPODJFSUP RVF IBCยฝB QBHBEP QBSB WFS NFKPS TF GVFSB B TV DBTB 1PS TVFSUF QBSB FMMPT MBT QVFSUBT TF BCSJFSPO MB GJMB BWBO[ร Z OPT PMWJEBNPT EFM QBS EF FTQPOUยฒ OFPT DSยฝUJDPT EF WBOHVBSEJB &OUSBNPT BM HBMFSร O PDVQBNPT OVFTUSP NFEJP NFUSP EF QJTP Z MVFHP IJ DJNPT PUSB GJMB QBSB DBOKFBS B FNQVKPOFT MB DFSWF [B RVF QSPNFUยฝB FM CPMFUP /P WPMWยฝ B WFS B MPT IFSNBOJUPT OJ FO FM DPODJFS UP OJ B MP MBSHP EF MPT TJHVJFOUFT EPT EFDFOJPT QFSP DBEB WF[ RVF BTJTUP B VO FTQFDUยฒDVMP UFNP UPQยฒS NFMPT DSV[BEPT EF CSB[PT DPO TV NPIยฝO EF TVQF SJPSJEBE Z EJTQVFTUPT B BSSVJOBSOPT MB WFMBEB B MPT DยฒOEJEPT RVF BOEFNPT QPS BMMยฝ " WFDFT DVBOEP FTDVDIP B MB EJTUBODJB BMHVOB QMยฒUJDB QFEBOUF TPCSF DJOF P GVUCPM EPZ QPS QFOTBS RVF FO FM Bร P MPT )FSNBOPT -FMPT WPMWFSยฒO B TFS BWJTUBEPT -PT JNBHJOP BGVFSB EFM &TUBEJP +B MJTDP NJFOUSBT VOB UVSCBNVMUB MPT BNBSSB B VOB FT UBDB Z MPT RVFNB QPSRVF FMMPT TF BGBOBO FO CFSSFBS i`1BSB FRVJQPT FM .BODIFTUFS $JUZ QBUBOFT w
%PNJOHP EF NBZP EF
&- */'03."%03
1~(*/" #
- &- */'03."%03 t + .&/%0;"
/05*.&9
."/0 " ."/0 4JO PCKFUJWPT DMBSPT QBSB QPTJDJPOBS B TV QBSUJEP &SOFTUP $PSEFSP Z (VTUBWP .BEFSP QBSFDFO CBTBS TV iQSPQVFTUBw FO DSÓUJDBS Z EFTDPOPDFS MBT BDDJPOFT EF &OSJRVF 1F×B /JFUP
1PS &OSJRVF 5PVTTBJOU
&
M 1BSUJEP "DDJÂO /BDJPOBM 1"/ FTU² FO DSJTJT 5SBT BÁPT FO FM QPEFS Z N²T EF EPT E¹DBEBT EPO EF TF DPOTUJUVZÂ DPNP MB QSJNFSB PQPTJDJÂO Z QPS FOEF DPO BMUB FGJDBDJB QBSB GJKBS BHFOEB FM 1"/ TF NJSB FO VO FTQFKP Z OP TF SFDPOPDF /P TF SFDPOP DF DPNP FM iQBSUJEP EFNPDS²UJDPw T½NCPMP EF GPS UBMF[B JOTUJUVDJPOBM UBNQPDP TF FODVFOUSB FO BRVFMMB EFGJOJDJÂO iEFNÂDSBUB DSJTUJBOBw RVF UBOUP BQFHP UVWP DPO MBT DMBTFT NFEJBT VSCBOBT EFM QB½T Z TF QFSDJCF N²T BWFSHPO[BEP EF TV IJTUPSJB RVF PSHVMMPTP EF TV MFHBEP BM .¹YJDP EFM TJHMP 99* &M 1"/ TF FODVFO USB FO TV DSJTJT N²T QSPGVOEB EFTEF GJOBMFT EF MPT PDIFOUB OP TÂ MP FO U¹SNJOPT DVBOUJUBUJWPT DPO QPDBT HVCFSOBUVSBT Q¹SEJEB EF QFTP FO SFHJPOFT Z EF DBQBDJEBE EF NPMEFBS MB BHFOEB EFTEF FM $POHSFTP TJOP RVF TF EFCBUF N²T EFTEF MB NJSBEB U²DUJDB Z FTUSB U¹HJDB RVF EFTEF FM KVJDJP JEFPMÂHJDP Z QSPHSBN²UJDP 4BMJEBT DP ZVOUVSBMFT BVORVF EJG½DJM EVSBCMFT -PT QBOJTUBT BDVEFO B MBT VSOBT QPS QSJNFSB WF[ B FMFHJS EJ SFDUBNFOUF B TV QSFTJEFOUF OBDJPOBM 4JO VOB OBSSBUJWB TPCSF MBT DBVTBT EF MB EFSSPUB Z TJO FOUFOEFS MP RVF TVDFEJÂ FO MB FMFDDJÂO EF FM EFCBUF FOUSF &SOFTUP $PSEFSP Z (VTUBWP .BEFSP IB FT UBEP MFKPT EF EFMJOFBS EPT PQDJPOFT QPM½UJDBT BMUFSOBUJWBT EF DPO EVDDJÂO EFM QBSUJEP -B EJTDVTJÂO TF IB DFOUSBEP FO MB GPSNB EF FKFSDFS MB PQPTJDJÂO RVJ¹O DPMBCPSB N²T DPO FM 1BSUJEP 3FWPMVDJP OBSJP *OTUJUVDJPOBM 13* Z RVF S¹EJUPT TF PCUJFOFO EF FTB OFHPDJB DJÂO .²T RVF VO QFSJPEP EPOEF TF EFCBUB MB FTUSVDUVSB EFM QBSUJ EP TV PQFSBDJÂO FO MPT FTUBEPT TVT EFGJOJDJPOFT JEFPMÂHJDBT Z TVT FKFT QSPHSBN²UJDPT FM QSPDFTP FMFDUPSBM TF IB DFOUSBEP FO MB QPTJ DJÂO U²DUJDB EFM 1"/ Z TV DPPQFSBDJÂO DPO FM (PCJFSOP &SOFTUP $PSEFSP BDVTB B (VTUBWP .BEFSP EF iDPMBCPSBS EFNBTJBEPw Z .B EFSP EFGJFOEF MPT ¹YJUPT EFM 1BDUP QPS .¹YJDP BT½ DPNP MB WJDUPSJB FO #BKB $BMJGPSOJB 1BSFDF N²T VO QMFCJTDJUP TPCSF MB FTUSBUFHJB EF SFDVQFSBDJÂO EFM 1"/ DPNP PQPTJDJÂO Z MB SFFEJDJÂO EF MB iPQPTJ DJÂO SFTQPOTBCMFw P MBT MMBNBEBT iDPODFSUBDFTJPOFTw RVF MB SFGMF YJÂO TPCSF FM GVUVSP EFM QBSUJEP QPM½UJDP N²T WJFKP EFM QB½T &M 1"/ TF DPOTUSVZF B MB TPNCSB EF 1FÁB /JFUP TJO SFJWJOEJDBS MP QSPQJP TÂMP EFGJOJ¹OEPTF FO SFMBDJÂO BM 1SFTJEFOUF Z B -PT 1JOPT -BT DBNQBÁBT JOUFSOBT TVFMFO FNQVKBS FM DFOUSP EFM EFCBUF IB DJB MPT FYUSFNPT /P FT VO DBTP TÂMP NFYJDBOP MP WFNPT FO MBT QSJ NBSJBT FO &TUBEPT 6OJEPT P FO MBT FMFDDJPOFT JOUFSOBT EF MPT QBSUJ EPT FVSPQFPT -B FYBMUBDJÂO EFM FYUSFNJTNP TVFMF TFS BQSFDJBEP QPS MB NJMJUBODJB 4PCSF FTF UFSSFOP EF KVFHP TF NVFWF FM 1"/ &M BOUJ QSJJTNP CMBORVJB[VM RVF TVFMF TFS N²T NBSDBEP RVF FO MPT QBSUJEPT EF MB J[RVJFSEB NFYJDBOB FT TVTDFQUJCMF EF FYBMUBDJÂO &M EFCBUF FO USF MPT EPT DBOEJEBUPT HJSÂ TPCSF FTF FKF RVJ¹O EFTDPOPD½B Z DSJUJDB CB DPO NBZPS WFIFNFODJB B MB BENJOJTUSBDJÂO EF &OSJRVF 1FÁB /JF UP RVJ¹O FKFSDF EF GPSNB N²T QVSB FM QBOJTNP USBEJDJPOBM Z RVJ¹O TF JEFOUJGJDB DPO FTB NJMJUBODJB QBOJTUB RVF BVORVF TVFMF FOUFOEFS MB DPPQFSBDJÂO JOUFSQBSUJEJTUB DBTUJHB FM FYDFTP EF BDFSDBNJFOUP TP CSF UPEP DVBOEP FOGSFOUF TF FODVFOUSB FM USJDPMPS $PSEFSP DPNP SF UBEPS Z QSPNPUPS EFM DBNCJP TF IB DPMPDBEP FO MB TFOEB EF DPOTUSVJS BM 1"/ DPNP VOB PQPTJDJÂO N²T DS½UJDB Z BVU¹OUJDB EFM (PCJFSOP EF 1FÁB /JFUP .BEFSP QPS FM DPOUSBSJP IB JOTJTUJEP FO TV NPEFMP EF MBT USFT i$w DPNQFUFODJB DPPQFSBDJÂO Z DS½UJDB 4JO FNCBSHP MB SFGMFYJÂO TPCSF MB TJUVBDJÂO BDUVBM EFM 1"/ IB EFTBQBSFDJEP /J FO FM CBOEP DPSEFSJTUB FYJTUF VOB BVUPDS½UJDB TP CSF MP RVF IJ[P NBM EVSBOUF TV TFYFOJP 'FMJQF $BMEFSÂO OJ UBNQP DP FO FM DVBSUFM NBEFSJTUB TPCSF FM QSBHNBUJTNP FYBDFSCBEP RVF OP FT VOB NFEJDJOB FGJDB[ QBSB MB SFDVQFSBDJÂO EF MB CSÈKVMB QBS UJEJTUB &M 1"/ TBMJÂ EF -PT 1JOPT QPS NÈMUJQMFT SB[POFT RVF OP TPO BCPSEBEBT FO MPT EFCBUFT JOUFSOPT MB DPSSVQDJÂO RVF EJMVZÂ EF UB KP TV iCPOP EFNPDS²UJDPw MB BEPQDJÂO EF QS²DUJDBT QPM½UJDBT TJNJ MBSFT BM 13* TV GBDDJPOBMJ[BDJÂO DPOTUBOUF UBOUP FO MPT FTUBEPT DP NP B OJWFM GFEFSBM FM GPSUBMFDJNJFOUP EF MPT HSVQPT QPM½UJDPT N²T SBEJDBMFT RVF BDFSDBO BM 1"/ FO MPT FTUBEPT Z B OJWFM OBDJPOBM B VOB BHFOEB EF VMUSBEFSFDIB FM EFTWBOFDJNJFOUP DBTJ QPS DPNQMF UP BVORVF $PSEFSP QPES½B TFS VOP EF FTB UFOEFODJB iMJCFSBMw RVF BMHVOB WF[ FTUVWP CJFO SFQSFTFOUBEB QPS QFSTPOBKFT DPNP &GSB½O (PO[²MF[ .PSG½O P FM QSPQJP "MPOTP -VKBNCJP F JODMVTP TV BMFKB NJFOUP EF MB BHFOEB MJCFSBM EVSBOUF FM TFYFOJP EF $BMEFSÂO $BTP $BTTF[ WJPMBDJÂO EF EFSFDIPT IVNBOPT Z DPNP PMWJEBS MB iUSBJ DJÂOw B TVT WBMPSFT N²T QSPGVOEPT IBDJFOEP BDVFSEPT DMJFOUFMBSFT Z DPSQPSBUJWPT DPO TJOEJDBUPT DPNP FM /BDJPOBM EF 5SBCBKBEPSFT EF MB &EVDBDJÂO 4/5& : FT RVF MB DSJTJT RVF WJWF FM QBSUJEP TF SFGMFKB DMBSBNFOUF FO MB PQFSBDJÂO FMFDUPSBM )BDF NVDIPT BÁPT FM 1"/ EFKÂ EF TFS FTF QBSUJEP QPM½UJDP iSPN²OUJDPw EF iDVBESPTw Z OP EF NBTBT RVF FT
El fondo
extraviado &M 1"/ FOGSFOUB IPZ TV QSJNFSB FMFDDJªO EF EJSJHFOUF OBDJPOBM EFTEF RVF QFSEJª FM QPEFS FO Z MBT QSJODJQBMFT JOUFSSPHBOUFT EF MB EFCBDMF OP TF FODVFOUSBO FO MB BHFOEB EF MPT DBOEJEBUPT
DPH½B DVJEBEPTBNFOUF B TVT NJMJUBOUFT Z RVF SFOVODJBCB B BEIF WBSSVCJBT 5BNCJ¹O UJFOF QFTP FO FM 4FOBEP EPOEF FTU²O MB TJPOFT NBTJWBT 4F TBDSJGJDBCB VOB NJMJUBODJB BNQMJB NPWJMJ[B NBZPS½B EF MPT DBMEFSPOJTUBT Z UJFOF BDVFSEP DPO FY HPCFSOBEP DJÂO DMJFOUFMJTNP Z DPSQPSBUJWJTNP QPS DPIFSFODJB Z DPOTJTUFO SFT QFSP NVDIPT EF FMMPT ZB OP UJFOFO FM QFTP QPM½UJDP EFM QBTBEP DJB JEFPMÂHJDBT Z EF QSJODJQJPT "IPSB Z MP WFNPT DPO N²T DMBSJEBE 4V SFMBDJÂO DPO FM :VORVF MB MMFWB 0MJWB BVORVF MB VMUSBEFSFDIB FO +BMJTDP FM 1"/ TF IB DPOWFSUJEP FO VO QBSUJEP EF BNQMJB NJMJ QBOJTUB EFDJEJÂ EJWJEJSTF Z BQPZBS B MPT EPT DBOEJEBUPT QSVFCB UBODJB BGJMJBDJPOFT NBTJWBT Z U¹DOJDBT EF BDBSSFP RVF OP GPSNB NBOJGJFTUB EF RVF FM EFCBUF JEFPMÂHJDP FTU² GVFSB -PT TPOEFPT UJFOFO EF UPEP FODVFTUBT B GBWPS EF .BEFSP Z CBO QBSUF EF TV HFO¹UJDB 5BO FT BT½ RVF MB FMFDDJÂO EF IPZ OP MB HBOBS² RVJFO BSUJDVMF FM NFKPS NFOTBKF Z DPOWFO[B B VOB NJMJUBO PUSBT RVF QPOFO BSSJCB B $PSEFSP $PO VOB NJMJUBODJB EF NJM NJMJUBOUFT TFHÈO MB Q²HJOB PGJDJBM EFM QBSUJEP Z DJB MJCSF TJOP RVJFO MPHSF NPWJMJ[BS B N²T BGJMJBEPT DPO QPTJCJMJEBE EF RVF WPUFO FOUSF Z NJM FMFD QBSB RVF WPUFO B MP MBSHP Z BODIP EFM QB½T -B iHVFSSB UPSFT MB WJDUPSJB TF BMDBO[B DPO VOPT NJM WPUPT TVDJBw Z BDVTBDJPOFT RVF FTDVDIBNPT EFTEF RVF JOJ
vÕ ` ` ÊÞÊV Ê ÃÊ UPUBMFT 4JO FNCBSHP MB NJUBE EF MPT QPTJCMFT FMFDUP DJ MB DBNQBÁB TPO TÂMP FM DPNQMFNFOUP EF VOB FT USBUFHJB EF BDBSSFP EF WPUBOUFT RVF EFDJEJS² MPT DP «À V « ÃÊiÝÌÀ>Û >` Ã]Êi Ê SFT TF FODVFOUSBO FO TJFUF FOUJEBEFT +BMJTDP NJDJPT 1MB[BT DPOEJDJPOBEBT BNFOB[BT Z * Êi }iÊV Ê>V>ÀÀi ÃÊÞÊ NJM 7FSBDSV[ NJM &TUBEP EF .¹YJDP NJM 1VFCMB NJM /VFWP -FÂO NJM (VBOBKVBUP QSFCFOEBT TPO FM QBJTBKF QPM½UJDP RVF EPNJOB MB SFMB V ` V > i Ì Ê`iÊ NJM Z 4JOBMPB NJM +BMJTDP FM FTUBEP DPO NB DJÂO FOUSF MB DÈQVMB QBOJTUB Z MB NJMJUBODJB ZPS NJMJUBODJB QBOJTUB EFDJEJS² FO CVFOB QBSUF RVJ¹O &O FTUF DBNQP UPEP JOEJDB RVF (VTUBWP .BEFSP UJF « >â>Ã]Êi ÌÀiÊ` ÃÊ RVFEB FO MB EJSFDDJÂO OBDJPOBM &M QPSDFOUBKF EF QBS OF WFOUBKB .BEFSP OP TÂMP DPOUSPMB MB FTUSVDUVSB EFM «À ÞiVÌ ÃʵÕiÊ Ê UJDJQBDJÂO UFOES² NVDIP RVF WFS FO FM SFTVMUBEP VOB QBSUJEP B OJWFM OBDJPOBM UBNCJ¹O UJFOF BDVFSEP EF iTV QFSWJWFODJBw DPO MB NBZPS½B EF MPT EJSJHFOUFT MPDBMFT ÀiÃÕi Ûi Êi Êv ` Ê`iÊ >Ê QBSUJDJQBDJÂO RVF TVQFSF QVFEF NFUFS FO DPN QFUFODJB SFBM B &SOFTUP $PSEFSP ZB RVF TF EJMVZF FM .²T EF VOB WFJOUFOB EF JOTUJUVUPT MPDBMFT KVHBS²O MB FMFD QPEFS EF DBMMF RVF UJFOF B TV GBWPS .BEFSP DJÂO DPO .BEFSP MP RVF SFQSFTFOUB VOB FTUSVDUVSB EF VÀ à ÃʵÕiÊÛ ÛiÊi Ê* &M 1"/ EFGJOF B TV QSFTJEFOUF OBDJPOBM QBSB MBT NPWJMJ[BDJÂO TJO DPNQBSBDJÂO " FTPT BDVFSEPT IBZ RVF FMFDDJPOFT EFM TJHVJFOUF BÁP 4PMBNFOUF EVSBS² BM BÁBEJSMF TVT QBDUPT DPO 3BGBFM .PSFOP 7BMMF FM HPCFS OBEPS QBOJTUB DPO N²T QSFTVQVFTUP DPO FM :VORVF MB VMUSBEFSFDIB NBOEP IBTUB MPT DPNJDJPT JOUFSNFEJPT EF FT VO QFSJPEP DPS QBOJTUB B USBW¹T EF $FDJMJB 3PNFSP DPO QBSUF EFM QBOJTNP KBMJTDJFO UP NFTFT -B WPUBDJÂO EF MB NJMJUBODJB TFS² WJTUB DPNP VO NFO TF B USBW¹T EF &EVBSEP 3PTBMFT FY QSFTJEFOUF EFM QBSUJEP Z QPS TV TBKF DPODSFUP VO QMFCJTDJUP DPOUVOEFOUF TPCSF MB QPTJDJÂO FTUSB QVFTUP TV BDDFTP B -PT 1JOPT EFTEF EPOEF FOUJFOEFO MB JNQPSUBODJB U¹HJDB EFM QBSUJEP Z TV SFMBDJÂO DPO FM (PCJFSOP &T N²T VOB FMFDDJÂO DPZVOUVSBM RVF EFDJEF VO EFCBUF U²DUJDP BM JOUFSJPS EFM QBSB &OSJRVF 1FÁB /JFUP EF RVF TFB SFFMFDUP .BEFSP $PSEFSP QPS TV QBSUF IB CVTDBEP FO FM NFOTBKF MP RVF OP UJF QBSUJEP QFSP RVF QPTUFSHB MBT EFGJOJDJPOFT JEFPMÂHJDBT Z QSPHSB OF FO MB DBMMF &O FM BJSF MP RVF OP UJFOF FO UJFSSB 4V EJTDVSTP IB N²UJDBT N²T QSPGVOEBT "T½ DPOGVOEJEP Z DPO MPT QSJODJQJPT FY TJEP N²T BHSFTJWP Z EFOVODJBOUF -PT BDVFSEPT N²T GVFSUFT EF $PS USBWJBEPT FM 1"/ FMJHF DPO BDBSSFPT NPWJMJ[BDJÂO Z DPOEJDJPOB EFSP FTU²O DPO FM FY HPCFSOBEPS EF (VBOBKVBUP +VBO .BOVFM 0MJ NJFOUP EF QMB[BT FOUSF EPT QSPZFDUPT RVF OP SFTVFMWFO FM GPOEP WB Z DPO FM HPCFSOBEPS EF #BKB $BMJGPSOJB 4VS .BSDPT "MCFSUP $P EF MB DSJTJT RVF WJWF FM 1"/
1~(*/" #
&- */'03."%03 &- */'03."%03
%PNJOHP EF NBZP EF
>À ÃÊ À }Õi
Õ> Ê*> >À
9 ,Ê "-
, "Ê Ê1 Ê -* / ",
;¤X [\c dX\jkif &M E½B EFOUSP EFM TBOUPSBM EF GFTUFKPT EFM NFT EF NBZP TF DPONFNPSB FM %½B EFM .BFTUSP Z FTP EF QPS T½ UJFOF VO TFOUJEP NVZ EJGFSFOUF EFQFOEJFOEP TJ FM IPNFOBKFBEP FT VOP EF MPT QPS GPSUVOB EPDFOUFT DVZB MBCPS FT FTUJNB EB Z BQSFDJBEB QPS UPEB MB TPDJFEBE EF MB RVF EFTEF MVFHP RVF UFOFNPT RVF FYDMVJS BM (PCJFSOP FO MP HFOFSBM P MB CPMB EF WJWBMFT RVF QPS OFDFTJEBE P QPS BNCJDJÂO NFESBO DPO MPT BDUVBMNFOUF NVZ KVHPTPT SFDVSTPT QÈCMJDPT /VFTUSP TJTUFNB FEVDBUJWP IB TJEP SFJUFSBEBNFOUF DPOTJEFSBEP DPNP FM QF PS EF MPT QB½TFT NJFNCSPT EF MB 0$%& EPOEF TÂMP QPS FRVJWPDBDJÂO Z FO DJFSUBT NBUFSJBT B WFDFT IFNPT MPHSBEP FM QFOÈMUJNP MVHBS QFSP TÂMP QPS FYDFQDJÂO OVFT USP MVHBS FEVDBUJWP FT TFHÈO FTUB FOUJEBE FM QFPS IBDF BÁPT WFOHP EJDJFOEP RVF BM OP QPEFS NFKPSBS MB DBMJGJDBDJÂO JOUFSOBDJPOBM IJDJNPT BMHP NVZ NFYJDBOP IJ DJNPT OVFTUSB QSPQJB WBMPSBDJÂO Z BT½ OBDJÂ MB QSVFCB &OMBDF RVF OP SFTJTU½B FM NF OPS BO²MJTJT ZB RVF FWJEFOUFNFOUF FSB VO OFHPDJP EF MPT RVF MB GPSKBSPO QPS GPSUVOB MBT BDUVBMFT BVUPSJEBEFT ZB EFDMBSBSPO MB JOPQFSBODJB EF MB SFGFSJEB QSVF CB BVORVF MPT TPTQFDIPTJTUBT RVF BCVOEBO DSFFO RVF MB OVFWB QSVFCB TFS² FM OF HPDJP EF PUSPT Z OPT QSFHVOUBNPT QPS RV¹ TFODJMMBNFOUF BDFQUBNPT MB WBMPSBDJÂO RVF TF IBDF DPO MB QSVFCB EF FTUB FOUJEBE RVF ZB UJFOF NVDIP UJFNQP EF IBDFSMB Z DPO FTB CBTF USBUBS EF NFKPSBS MB FEVDBDJÂO OP QSFUFOEJFOEP USBOTGPSNBS RVF FTP OP TF EB TJOP TJNQMFNFOUF NFKPSBS JOUFOUBS RVFEBS FO QFOÈMUJNP Z FT RVF MB FEVDBDJÂO FO OVFTUSP FOUPSOP OP FT VOB DVFTUJÂO EF SB[POBNJFOUPT OP FT VOB DVFTUJÂO EF OBMHBT MPT FEVDBOEPT OBDJPOBMFT UJFOFO EPT NFTFT N²T EF DMBTFT RVF MPT OJÁPT FVSPQFPT Z VO NFT N²T RVF MPT EFM WFDJOPT EFM /PSUF Z MB WFSEBE FO DVBO UP OJWFM OP DSFP RVF OBEJF EJTDVUB RVF FO MP HFOFSBM FT N²T CBKP 1FSP FTUB TFNBOB FM GFTUFKP UVWP VO EJWFSUJEP BEFSF[P SFTVMUB RVF FM *OT UJUVUP .FYJDBOP EF MB $PNQFUJUJWJEBE RVJFOFT TF QVTJFSPO B SFWJTBS MBT Q²HJ OBT RVF QPS PCMJHBDJÂO EF USBOTQBSFODJB UJFOFO RVF UFOFS MBT BVUPSJEBEFT Z RVF TF TPTQFDIB OP TPO OBEB DPOGJBCMFT Z MPT CFDBSJPT EF *'"* F *5&* DPNP TJ OBEB Z MBT DPODMVTJPOFT BMDBO[BSPO MPT OJWFMFT RVF OVFTUSP TVCEFTBSSPM MP NFSFDF EFTDVCSJFSPO FOUSF PUSBT NVDIBT DPTBT RVF IBZ VO HSVQP EF NBFT USPT DFOUFOBSJPT MPT -VQFT N²T EF NJM OBDJEPT FM EF EJDJFNCSF EF RVF QPS GPSUVOB BVORVF DFOUFOBSJPT DPCSBO NVZ CVFOPT TBMBSJPT OBEB N²T USJTUF RVF MPT WJFKPT QPCSFT MP RVF OP TF EB FO FTUF DBTP -P N²T EJWFSUJEP TF EB DVBOEP TFÁBMBO GFEFSBM Z FTUBUBMNFOUF NBFTUSPT RVF EJDFO HBOBO N²T EF NJM QFTPT NFOTVBMFT MP RVF DPNQBSBO DPO FM TBMBSJP EF OVFTUSP BENJSBEP TFÁPS 1SFTJEFOUF EF WFSEBE RVF TF SFRVJFSF UFOFS VOB JOHF OVJEBE EJHOB EF NFKPS DBVTB QBSB QFOTBS RVF FM QSJNFS NBOEBUBSJP HBOB FTP UP EPT TBCFNPT RVF DVBMRVJFS 1SFTJEFOUF HBSBOUJ[B RVF DJODP HFOFSBDJPOFT EF EFT DFOEJFOUFT QVFEBO WJWJS DPNP NBHPT QFSP BÈO BT½ NJM EFWBMVBEPT TPO VOB TVNB FOWJEJBCMF QBSB MB NBZPS½B EF NJFNCSPT EFM JOGFMJ[BKF #VFO USBCBKP EFM *.$0 QFSP OP TF EFCF FTQFSBS OBEB Z QVFEP BTFHVSBS RVF TJ SFWJTBO UPEBT MBT Q²HJOBT EF USBOTQBSFODJB MMFHBS²O B DPODMVTJPOFT TJNJMBSFT
À > ` Ê â? iâÊ ÃV Ì
"-Ê " ", -Ê Ê/ *"
w*) Zfd`j`feX[fj6
&M EF FOFSP EFM QSFTFOUF BÁP TF EBCB B DPOPDFS RVF FM 1SFTJEFOUF EF .¹YJ DP &OSJRVF 1FÁB OPNCSBCB B VO iDPNJTJPOBEPw QBSB WFMBS QPS iMB TFHVSJEBE Z FM EFTBSSPMMP EFM FTUBEP EF .JDIPBD²Ow &O QSJODJQJP FM HPCFSOBEPS EF EJDIB FOUJEBE QBTBCB B TFS VOB FTQFDJF EF GJHVSB EFDPSBUJWB ZB RVF TVT GVODJPOFT TVTUBOUJWBT MBT EFUFOUBCB BIPSB VO iDPNJTJPOBEPw 1BSB FM (PCJFSOP GFEFSBM MPT GSFOUFT FSBO EJWFSTPT MB EFMJODVFODJB CBTUBOUF CJFO PSHBOJ[BEB Z QFSUSFDIBEB FM HPCJFSOP FTUBUBM MPT HPCJFSOPT NVOJDJQBMFT MBT BVUPEFGFOTBT Z MB TPDJFEBE FO QBQFM EF SFI¹O EF UPEPT CVFOB QBSUF EF ¹TUB DÂN QMJDF UBNCJ¹O EF UPEPT EF HSBEP P QPS GVFS[B " NFTFT EF EJDIP OPNCSBNJFOUP BDPNQBÁBEP EF VOB PGFOTJWB GFEFSBM Z NJMJUBS JNQPOFOUF MB QFSDFQDJÂO TPDJBM EF NVDIPT NJDIPBDBOPT BDBCÂ TJFOEP RVF FM FK¹SDJUP BQPZBCB B MBT BVUPSJEBEFT FT UBCMFDJEBT GVFSBO P OP iUFNQMBSJBTw NJFOUSBT RVF MB 1PMJD½B GFEFSBM BQPZBCB B MPT BVUPEFGFOTBT SFBMFT P JOGJMUSBEPT FO QPDBT QBMBCSBT MB DPOGVTJÂO UPUBM &M FOGP RVF JOJDJBM TF DFOUSBCB FO MB UJFSSB DBMJFOUF BVORVF B FTBT BMUVSBT ZB MP GVFSB UPEP FM FTUBEP QFSP OVODB TF IB TBCJEP DPO DMBSJEBE TJ FTUB JOUFSWFODJÂO DPNJTJPOBEB TF EFCJÂ BM UFNPS EF RVF MBT BVUPEFGFOTBT EJFSBO HPMQF EF FTUBEP BM HPCJFSOP FT UBCMFDJEP EFM NPEP RVF GVFSB P B VOB HFOVJOB QSFPDVQBDJÂO QPS SFTUBCMFDFS FM PS EFO -PT SFTVMUBEPT EF MPT ÈMUJNPT E½BT BCPOBS½BO B MB QSJNFSB IJQÂUFTJT ZB RVF FM EFTBSNF EF MBT BVUPEFGFOTBT OP FTU² TJHOJGJDBOEP OFDFTBSJBNFOUF FM EFTNBOUF MBNJFOUP EF MPT D²SUFMFT $PNP EJKFSB VO QPCMBEPS EF BRVFMMPT MBSFT DVBOEP MPT GFEFSBMFT MMFHBO MPT EFMJODVFOUFT TF EJMVZFO Z FO DVBOUP TF WBO SFBQBSFDFO MB SB [ÂO FT NVZ TJNQMF QPS NVDIPT BÁPT TF IBO BDPTUVNCSBEP B PCUFOFS DVBOUJPTBT HBOBODJBT QPS FM JNQFSJP EF VO PSEFO EJTUJOUP BM PGJDJBM 1FSP MB JOUFSWFODJÂO EF .JDIPBD²O GVF DPNP FM iCJH CBOHw EF MB EFMJO DVFODJB MB WJWFO Z QBEFDFO DBEB WF[ DPO NBZPS JOUFOTJEBE MPT FTUBEPT EF .¹ YJDP .PSFMPT 4JOBMPB Z 5BNBVMJQBT /VFWP -FÂO Z $IJIVBIVB OP BDBCBO EF BQBHBSTF Z FO +BMJTDP ZB TF FTU²O QFSEJFOEP MBT GPSNBT TJUVBDJÂO RVF QPES½B FYIJCJS MB WFSEBEFSB TJUVBDJÂO EF /BZBSJU Z ;BDBUFDBT %FTEF MVFHP MB JOGPS NBDJÂO OP MB EBO MPT NFEJPT EF DPNVOJDBDJÂO TJOP MPT WFDJOPT MB HFOUF RVF WJWF TFDVFTUSBEB FO FM TVS Z OPSUF EF +BMJTDP P FO MPT QVFCMPT EF ;BDBUFDBT EPOEF E½B USBT E½B TF SFQJUF FM NJTNP FTRVFNB EF QFOFUSBDJÂO EF MBT NBGJBT BOUF MB JNQPUFODJB SFBM EF MBT BVUPSJEBEFT MPDBMFT P TV DPOOJWFODJB " NJUBE EFM QFSJPEP HVCFSOBNFOUBM QBTBEP FSB EF UPEPT TBCJEP RVF MPT i[F UBTw UFO½BO TVT DBNQPT EF FOUSFOBNJFOUP BSSJCB EF 4BO $SJTUÂCBM EF MB #BSSBODB RVF 4BO 4FCBTUJ²O EFM 0FTUF FTUBCB DPOUSPMBEP QPS FMMPT RVF B +JMPUM²O EF MPT %P MPSFT DPO USBCBKP QPE½BO FOUSBS MPT QSPQJPT WFDJOPT RVF OVFTUSP FTUBEP FTUBCB QVFT FO NBOPT EF MB iOVFWB HFOFSBDJÂOw QPS VO MBEP Z EF MPT [FUBT QPS FM PUSP Z RVF UBM WF[ FM (PCJFSOP KBMJTDJFOTF TFHV½B MB MÂHJDB EF .JDIPBD²O iEFKBS IBDFS Z EFKBS QBTBSw FO MB NFEJEB RVF FTP DPOUSJCVZFSB B MPT QSPDFTPT FMFDUPSBMFT Z MPT D²SUFMFT TF NBOUVWJFSBO FRVJMJCSBEPT VOPT DPO PUSPT 4J FTB FSB MB MÂHJDB GVF GV OFTUB GSBDBTÂ {B RV¹ OPT FTUBNPT BUFOJFOEP BSNBOEP HPO!VOJWB NY
-MVWJB FO NBZP -B UBSEF GVF KVOUBOEP QPDP B QPDP VOBT OV CFT EFTWB½EBT RVF ZB BM QBSEFBS GPSNBCBO VO NBOUP FTQFTP TPCSF (VBEBMBKBSB BTGJYJBEB QPS FM DBMPS -PT IVNPSFT IB C½BO TJEP JSSJUBCMFT TPNCS½PT $BEB UFNQPSBEB EF FTU½P TF SFQJUFO FTUBT GMVDUVBDJPOFT FO FM UBMBOUF EF MB DJVEBE DPO TFDVFODJBT TJEFSBMFT RVF JOUFSSPHBO B DBEB IBCJUBOUF BOJ NBM P WFHFUBM RVF QPS BRV½ TPCSFWJWF &M IFMFDIP EF MBT HSBOEFT IPKBT EF MB FOUSBEB UPNB NFEJEBT FO¹SHJDBT Z NBO EB B TFDBS EPT EF TVT N²T WFSEFT DPNQPOFOUFT (VBSEB BT½ TVT GVFS[BT Z ZB QSFQBSB OVFWPT SFUPÁPT "M SBUP FM NBOUP EF OVCFT DVNQMF TV QSPNFTB Z VO CSFWF BHVBDFSP DPNJFO [B B MJNQJBS EF IPKBT TFDBT MPT GPMMBKFT EFM KBSE½O UPEP SFT QJSB DPO VO DJFSUP BMJWJP MB OPDIF FT GSFTDB "OUFT FM KBSE½O TF MMFOÂ EF WPDFT EF HFTUPT USB½EPT EF MFKPT EF BDFOUPT EJT UJOUPT -B GJFTUB USBOTDVSSJÂ BM BNQBSP EF MB BMUB TJMVFUB EFM BSSBZ²O BM BCSJHP EF MBT QJÁBOPOBT Z EF MPT DPMPNPT BHVF SSJEPT CBKP FM GVMHPS EFM UFRVJMB EF MB BNJTUBE TFSFOB 2VFS¹UBSP -BSHP FT FM USFDIP QBSB MMFHBS HFOFSPTB MB SFDPNQFOTB -VFHP EF BUSBWFTBS VOPT BMSFEFEPSFT DPOPDJ EBNFOUF EFTBTUSBEPT FM DBTDP BOUJHVP EF MB DJVEBE DPOGPS NB VO DPOUFYUP FTQMFOEPSPTP EPUBEP EF VOB HSBDJB QPDBT WFDFT WJTUB -PT RVFSFUBOPT IBO TJEP JOUFMJHFOUFT Z NBOUJF OFO TV DFOUSP DPO BUJOHFODJB Z PSHVMMP MPT N²T MJTUPT IBTUB WJWFO BMM½ $JFSUBT QFSTQFDUJWBT FWPDBO VOB BSNPO½B JOUFN QPSBM DPO GJODB USBT GJODB EF QFDVMJBSFT DBSBDUFS½TUJDBT QF SP EF VOJEBE USBORVJMB DPO TVT WFDJOBT &O VOB DBTB GSFTDB Z MBCFS½OUJDB FOUSF BOUJHÊFEBEFT Z UJMJDIFT WBSJPT SFMVNCSB VO WJFKP DBOEFMFSP MVDFT QBSB MPT E½BT GVUVSPT -B DPMFDDJÂO EF QBUJPT RVF FT QPTJCMF WFS OP UJFOF EFTQFSEJDJP 4PM EF QMP NP TPNCSBT CFOFN¹SJUBT BOTJPTBNFOUF QSPDVSBEBT -PT TJHMPT RVFSFUBOPT DPNP VO BMVWJÂO FOUSFHBO BIPSB FO DB EB FODSVDJKBEB Z FO DBEB QMB[B VOB TBCJEVS½B EF WJWJS RVF NBOUJFOF MB N²T WJHFOUF BDUVBMJEBE 6OB MFDDJÂO QFSEVSB CMF VO SFDPSEBUPSJP EF MP RVF QVFEF TFS FO FM QSFTFOUF MF WBOUBS CVFOBT DJVEBEFT %FTEF FM QPSUBM TF QVFEF WFS MB FY UFOTJÂO EF MB QMB[B SFDJFOUFNFOUF SFOPWBEB Z MBT NVDIBDIBT RVF QBTBO MJHFSBT UJFOFO BMHP FO TV QBTP RVF SF WFMB TV PSHVMMP QPS FM TVFMP RVF QJTBO "QSFOEJ[BKFT EF MB BSRVJUFDUVSB %PT BMVNOPT RVFSFUB OPT QSFTFOUBO DPNP UFNB EF TV USBCBKP GJOBM VO QBOUFÂO *NQPTJCMF FO FTUF DPOUFYUP OP BDPSEBSTF EF DFNFOUFSJPT DSVDJBMFT FO MB BSRVJUFDUVSB DPOUFNQPS²OFB FM EF (VOOBS "TQMVOE FO &TDBOEJOBWJB FM EF .ÂEFOB EF "MEP 3PTTJ FM EF *HVBMBEB EF .JSBMMFT Z 1JOÂT FM EFM QFRVFÁP QVFCMP BO EBMV[ EF +PT¹ .BS½B #VFOE½B FM EF $PODFQDJÂO EF #VFOPT "JSFT EF 3BGBFM 6S[ÈB -B NVFSUF DPOTJEFSBEB MB DPNQPTJ DJÂO EF MPT FTQBDJPT QBSB FM ÈMUJNP US²OTJUP QBSB FM EVFMP Z MB EFTQFEJEB {$ÂNP MFWBOUBS VO NPOVNFOUP JOFRV½WPDB TFÁBM EF WJUBMJEBE Z EVSBDJÂO BOUF FTUF WBD½P JOFYQVHOBCMF RVF FT DBEB NVFSUP : TJO FNCBSHP TF FEJGJDBO FTUPT SFDJO UPT GS²HJMFT TFÁBMFT EFM BDBFDFS EF MPT NPSUBMFT %FD½B "M CFSU $BNVT i5PEP MP RVF QVFEP EFDJS EF MB NVFSUF FT RVF OP FTUPZ EF BDVFSEP w -B BSRVJUFDUVSB FO TVT NFKPSFT SB UPT IBDF FDP EF UBM BGJSNBDJÂO %VSBOUF E¹DBEBT VO QBOFM EF FTUBNCSF IVJDIPM IB DPMHBEP FO VO NVSP EF MB DBTB &T VOB SFQFUJEB BMFHS½B FO DPOUSBSTF DPO TVT DPMPSFT JOUFOT½TJNPT TVT GPSNBT FTFO
DJBMFT Z EFQVSBEBT TV DPNQPTJDJÂO JNQFDBCMF &T DPNP VOB WFOUBOB QBSB BTPNBSTF B NJMFOJPT EF JNBHJOBDJPOFT EF SJUPT EF WJEB SFNPUB Z QMFOB 2VJ[² QPS BMHÈO SFDJFOUF UFNCMPS P QPS MB WJCSBDJÂO EFM US²GJDP FM QBOFM TF EFTQSFO EJÂ EFM NVSP $BTVBMNFOUF VOB JOTDSJQDJÂO B M²QJ[ DBTJ CPSSBEB BMDBO[Â B TFS OPUBEB FO FM SFWFSTP EF MB NBEFSB 5SBCBKPTBNFOUF JOUFSQSFUBEB EJDF iMB DBWFTB RVF FTU² FO FM DVBESP FTU² DVBOEP BTF MB WJTUB Z UF MF TJHVF BM DPSBTPOw 'JSNB $BTJNJSP "T½ RVF TF DPOGJSNB MB QPEFSPTB UFTUB EFM DFCÈ RVF DPOTUJUVZF FM DFOUSP EF MB DPNQPTJDJÂO TV NJ SBEB PTDVSB Z SFDPODFOUSBEB FTU²O DVJEBEPTBNFOUF QFO TBEBT QBSB MMFHBS BM DPSB[ÂO EF RVJFO MB NJSB QBSB DPO NPWFSMP QBSB USBFS B ¹M VO SBEJBOUF VOJWFSTP DPNQMFUP NJTUFSJPTP F JOPDFOUF $BTJNJSP B MP NFKPS ZB OP FTU² SF NPOUBEP FO TVT TJFSSBT NBHO½GJDBT 1FSP TV MFOHVBKF Z TV QPFT½B QPSUFOUPTB BMM½ SFHSFTBO BM NVSP EFTEF EPOEF JO WJUBO B VO WJBKF JOTPOEBCMF HP[PTP -B MJUFSBUVSB EF )BSVLJ .VSBLBNJ UJFOF NVDIP EF MB TPSQSFTJWB EFTDPODFSUBOUF Z TVUJM DPDJOB KBQPOFTB (VTUPT BQSFOEJEPT QBSB MPT PDDJEFOUBMFT RVF B FMMB TF BDFSDBO 4B CPSFT RVF UBSEBO FO MMFHBS P RVF EFKBO EFTQV¹T VO SFHVTUP EFTDPOPDJEP Z HSBUP .BOKBSFT DBTJ EF BJSF EVMDFT MJWJBO½TJ NPT RVF SFRVJFSFO DPNP VOB DJFSUB MJNQJF[B EF ²OJNP DJFS UP HVTUP EFTQFKBEP Z BUFOUP QBSB MB FOUSFHB EF TVT TFDSFUPT &O FM DBTP EF .VSBLBNJ TV MJUFSBUVSB BDUÈB DPO FTB NJTNB MFWFEBE B MB RVF TF BÁBEFO FO DJFSUPT NPNFOUPT USB[PT OB SSBUJWPT RVF SFDVFSEBO UBNCJ¹O MBT DBMJHSBG½BT PSJFOUBMFT "DFOUPT EF VOB EFTDBSOBEB CSVUBMJEBE MBSHPT USFDIPT FO MPT RVF FT QPTJCMF DPNP CBKP VOB MV[ TFTHBEB Z QFOFUSBOUF FO UFOEFS MB OBUVSBMF[B EF MB WJEB FO FM +BQÂO DPOUFNQPS²OFP i-BT DBSUBT OP TPO N²T RVF VO USP[P EF QBQFM "VORVF TF RVF NFO FO FM DPSB[ÂO TJFNQSF RVFEB MP RVF UJFOF RVF RVFEBS QPS N²T RVF MBT HVBSEFT MP RVF OP EFCF EF RVFEBS EFTBQBSFDF w &TUB DJUB DPSSFTQPOEF B VO QBTBKF EF /PSXFHJBO 8PPE USB EVDJEB DPNP 5PLJP #MVFT &M U½UVMP EF MB OPWFMB QSPWJFOF EF VOB DBODJÂO EF MPT #FBUMFT &O MB FYUJOUB 3BEJP *OUFSOBDJPOBM UBQB U½B TJFNQSF FSB USBEVDJEB DPNP i#PTRVF OPSVFHPw $PNP TBCF UPEP FM RVF IBZB QVFTUP DVJEBEP BM P½S FTB DPNQPTJDJÂO -FO OPO Z .D$BSUOFZ IBCMBCBO EF MB NBEFSB OPSVFHB -B MFUSB WJF OF BM DBTP 6OB WF[ UVWF VOB NVDIBDIB P EFCJFSB EFDJS RVF GVF FMMB RVJFO NF UVWP NF FOTFÁÂ TV DVBSUP {FT RVF OP FT CVFOB FTUB NBEFSB OPSVFHB NF QJEJÂ RVFEBSNF Z RVF NF TFOUBSB FO DVBMRVJFS QBSUF Z QPS N²T RVF NJS¹ OP FODPOUS¹ OJOHVOB TJ MMB NF TFOU¹ TPCSF FM UBQFUF HP[BOEP FM SBUP CFCJFOEP TV WJ OP IBCMBNPT IBTUB MBT EPT Z FOUPODFT NF EJKP iFT IPSB EF JS B MB DBNBw NF DPOUÂ RVF USBCBKBCB FO MB NBÁBOB Z TF FDIÂ B SF ½S MF EJKF RVF ZP OP Z NF BSSBTUS¹ B EPSNJS FO FM CBÁP DVBOEP EFTQFSU¹ FTUBCB TPMP FTUF Q²KBSP IBC½B WPMBEP BT½ RVF QSFOE½ VO GVFHP {FT RVF OP FT CVFOB FTUB NBEFSB OPSVFHB 6O SFMB UP DFÁJEP FTDVFUP EF MB MJHFSF[B EF VO EFWBOFP BM JODFOEJBSJP EFTQFDIP EFM HBM²O DPOUSBSJBEP #VFOB NBEFSB QBSB WJWJS CVF OB NBEFSB QBSB RVFNBS : UBNCJ¹O RVJ[²T CVFOPT CPTRVFT QBSB QFSEFSTF -P RVF OP EFCF RVFEBS EFTBQBSFDF RVFEB EF MB FTDSJUVSB EF .VSBLBNJ VO DJFSUP TVTUSBUP QPUFOUF Z B MB WF[ EF MJDBEP VO BNBHP EF UFEJP SPUP QPS IBMMB[HPT JOFTQFSBEPT QPS SFGMFYJPOFT PSJHJOBMFT B WFDFT NVZ FYUSBÁBT 6O TBCPS RVF SF DVFSEB B UBOUBT DPTBT EFTDPOPDJEBT P GBNJMJBSFT KQBMPNBS!JOGPSNBEPS DPN NY
Õ iÀ Ê i > >ÀÞ
8* ", "Ê Ê 1 " 2V¹ GBMUB MF IBDF B NVDIB HFOUF BQSFOEFS B EFDJS OP Z B EFKBS EF TFOUJS NJFEP B MB DS½UJDB P BM SFDIB[P &T RVF IBZ NVDIBT QFSTPOBT RVF DPO UBM EF RVFEBS CJFO TPO DBQBDFT EF EFDJSMF RVF T½ B UPEP MP RVF MFT QSPQP OFO TBCJFOEP RVF OP WBO B DVNQMJS QPSRVF MP NJTNP MF IBO EJDIP B PUSPT 1VFEFO DJUBS B EPT QFSTPOBT FO FM NJTNP IPSBSJP DPN QSPNFUFSTF B BZVEBS P IBDFS VO USBCBKP DPO MB TFHVSJEBE EF RVF B VOP EF MPT EPT MF UFOES² RVF EFDJS RVF TJFNQSF OP TF QVEP QPOJFOEP DVBMRVJFS UPOUP QSFUFYUP EFTEF MVFHP UPEPT NVZ CJFO JOWFOUBEPT 1BSB BMHVOPT BOBMJTUBT EFM DPNQPSUBNJFOUP TF USBUB EF VO DPOGMJDUP EF MB QFSTPOBMJEBE RVF DPOMMFWB FM UFNPS B TFS SFDIB [BEP DSJUJDBEP P B QFSEFS BGFDUP P DBSJÁP &T GBMUB EF TFHVSJEBE FO VOB JEFOUJEBE NBM NBOFKBEB 4F EFQPTJUBO UBOUBT FYQFDUBUJWBT FO MPT EFN²T RVF B MB NFSB IPSB FT NVZ EJG½DJM UFOFSMF RVF EFDJS RVF OP QPSRVF TJFOUF RVF TF WB B BDBCBS MB BNJTUBE MB SFMBDJÂO P IBTUB MB
>À ÃÊ ÀÌjÃÊ6?âµÕiâ
6 - $ ÊÊ 9Ê - $
JXY\i [\Z`i ef DPOGJBO[B $PNP TJ EF WFSEBE MMFHBSBO B DSFFS Z B FTUBS DPO WFODJEPT EF RVF EFDJS VO OP FT VOB FTQFDJF EF HSPTFS½B RVF OP UF WBO B QFSEPOBS &O DBNCJP TF QJFOTB RVF EFDJS T½ FT DPNP BHSBEBS TFS BGBCMF BNJHBCMF HFOFSPTP Z FO GJO CVF OB QFSTPOB : DMBSP RVF OP MF QVFEF GBMMBS B RVJFO DSFF RVF FT NVZ JNQPSUBOUF FO TV WJEB /P JNQPSUB EFDJSMF NFOUJSBT P TBCFS RVF TF MF FTU² FO HBÁBOEP $VBOEP TF UJFOF FTUB DPNQVMTJÂO B RVFEBS CJFO OP TF QJFOTB FO MBT DPOTFDVFODJBT TJNQMFNFOUF TF IBDF MB TJNVMBDJÂO DPO MB DPOWJDDJÂO EF RVF OVODB MP WBO B EFTDV CSJS FO TV EPCMF KVFHP -P RVF JNQPSUB FT TBMWBS MB QSPQJB JNBHFO )BZ RVF DPO RVJTUBS MB PQJOJÂO QPTJUJWB EFM PUSP B DPNP E¹ MVHBS VO T½ QVF EF TFS MB EJGFSFODJB 6O OP QVFEF SFTVMUBS GBUBM &O DBNCJP TF IB EFNPTUSBEP RVF VOB QFSTPOB NBEVSB Z TFHVSB FO T½ NJTNB OP UJUVCFB B EFDJS T½ P OP TFHÈO TFBO MBT DJS DVOTUBODJBT MPT IFDIPT Z MBT DPOWFOJFODJBT /P TF BOEB DPO EP CMFDFT OJ TJNVMBDJPOFT "M QBO QBO Z BM WJOP WJOP
;\Y\i\j p [\i\Z_fj _ldXefj
7JPMFODJB Z WJPMBDJÂO EF MB -FZ TF DPOUSBQPOF DPO TFHVSJEBE Z UPMFSBODJB DPNP TVQSFNP EF SFDIP IVNBOP -BT UFOEFODJBT EF MB JODPNQBSBCMF UFDOPMP H½B RVF OPT TVCZVHB QBSFDJFSB BMFKBSOPT EF MB QBSUJDJQBDJÂO Z FM DPODVSTP IBDJB MB SFTQPOTBCJ MJEBE DPOEVDFOUF B MB PCTFSWBDJÂO EF MBT MFZFT TPDJBMFT EF PCFEJFODJB RVF GJOBMNFOUF QSJWJMFHJB MB BSNPO½B EFTEF MB GBNJMJB OVFTUSP FOUPSOP QBS UJDVMBS Z GJOBM HMPCBMJEBE -BT GPSNBT EF DPNVOJDBDJÂO EBO GPSNB BM QFOTBNJFOUP QMVSBM Z TJNVMU²OFBNFOUF B MB DPN QSFOTJÂO EF BWBUBSFT FO PUSBT MBUJUVEFT RVF EF BMHVOB GPSNB QFOFUSBO UBNCJ¹O MBT DPNVOJEB EFT EF OVFTUSB QBUSJB &M SFTQFUP B MB WJEB IVNB OB FT QSJODJQJP EFSJWBEP EF MPT WBMPSFT JOEJWJEVB MFT Z QBSB EBSMFT TFOUJEP QPTJUJWP TF IBO DSFBEP MBT JOTUJUVDJPOFT EF TBMWBHVBSEB FNBOBEBT EF QSPDFTPT MFHJTMBUJWPT -JCFSUBE EF FYQSFTJÂO Z TVT EFSJWBDJPOFT FT FM EFSFDIP QFSP UBNCJ¹O FM EFCFS Z FO GBWPS EF TV BQMJDBDJÂO TF FYUJFOEF B MPT NJMJUBSFT RVF BIP SB UBNCJ¹O PCUFOES²O FM KVJDJP DJWJM EPOEF UFO ES²O FM QSJWJMFHJP EF FYQPOFS DBVTBT Z SB[POFT FYJHFOUFT EF KVTUJDJB %F FTUB GPSNB TF BQMJDBS² SFTQPOTBCJMJEBE Z SFTQFUP QFSP UBNCJ¹O QBSUJDJ QBDJÂO DJVEBEBOB +VTUJDJB QSPOUB Z FYQFEJUB DPNP QSPOVODJBO TVT QSJODJQJPT OPT BMFKBS²O EF MB BNFOB[B RVF SF QSFTFOUB FM &TUBEP EF &YDFQDJÂO ÈMUJNBNFOUF TF IB QSPOVODJBEP DPNP OFDFTJEBE QBSB FM SFTUBCMF DJNJFOUP EF MB QB[ Z MB USBORVJMJEBE FO EJWFSTBT QMB [BT Z SFHJPOFT EFM QB½T &TUB NFEJEB FT FYUSFNB Z
QPUFODJBMNFOUF QVFEF EFSJWBS FO FM BVNFOUP QPS MB JODFSUJEVNCSF RVF FNBOB EF MVHBSFT EFOUSP Z GVFSB NVDIPT EF FMMPT BMJNFOUBEPT QPS MBT SFEFT TPDJBMFT EF EVEPTB QSPDFEFODJB -B EFOVODJB FT VO CVFO QSJODJQJP DPO MB HB SBOU½B EFM BOPOJNBUP TJO DPNQMJDJEBE RVF UBOUBT WFDFT DPOEVDF B MB DPSSVQDJÂO Z MB WFOHBO[B TP CSF TFSFT JOPDFOUFT RVF QPS T½ NJTNP TFBO GBNJ MJBSFT P BNJHPT &T MB EFOVODJB FM DBNJOP IBDJB MB TBMVE TPDJBM Z SFDMBNB DFMFSJEBE QPS QBSUF EF MBT BVUPSJEBEFT RVF EF FTUB GPSNB BMDBO[BS²O DPOGJBO[B SFTQFUP Z PCFEJFOUF QBSUJDJQBDJÂO DJVEBEBOB &YJTUFO GBDUPSFT JNQSFTDJOEJCMFT QBSB SP CVTUFDFS MB DPOGJBO[B 6OP EF FMMPT FT FM USBCBKP DPO SFNVOFSBDJÂO KVTUB QBSB UFOFS VOB WJEB EJH OB Z DPOHSVFOUF B MBT FYJHFODJBT EF MB WJEB VSCB OB RVF BIPSB BHSVQB BM PDIFOUB QPS DJFOUP EF MB QPCMBDJÂO OBDJPOBM 5BM JODPSQPSBDJÂO FTU² NBH OJGJDBEB QPS MB UFDOPMPH½B RVF CJFO FNQMFBEB QVFEF TFSWJS BM DPOWFODJNJFOUP QSJNPSEJBM OP TÂMP B MB EJTUSBDDJÂO Z MVEPQBU½B TJOP B MB FEVDB DJÂO BDPSEF B MPT MJOFBNJFOUPT JOTUJUVJEPT QPS MB HMPCBM DPNQFUFODJB EF OVFTUSPT QSPEVDUPT Z TFS WJDJPT SFBMJ[BEPT DPO MB DBMJEBE Z QSFDJP BMJNFO UBEPSFT EF TV QSFGFSFODJB QBSB MB QPTUFSJPS SF DFQDJÂO EF EJWJTBT JODFOUJWBEPSBT EFM EFTBSSPMMP 7PMVOUBE Z BOIFMP EF QBSUJDJQBDJÂO TPO MPT FMFNFOUPT C²TJDPT RVF JNQFEJS²O MB QSPMJGFSB DJÂO EF USBTUPSOPT DPOEVDUPSFT B MB SFBMJEBE EF EFCFSFT Z EFSFDIPT %JPT OPT HVBSEF EF MB EJTDPSEJB TJDQN!JOGPSNBEPS DPN NY
%PNJOHP EF NBZP EF
1~(*/" #
&- */'03."%03
El Barón Rojo tenía el alma negra
&41&$*"-
50." /05" 5PEP TPCSF ÏM
1&340/"+& &M SFUSBUP EF 7PO 3JDIUIPGFO SFBM FT FM EF VO KPWFO NJMJUBSJTUB BSSPHBOUF BNCJDJPTP Z DPO VO QVOUP EF DSVFM Z EFTQJBEBEP
-B FEJDJªO EF MBT NFNPSJBT EF DPNCBUF EFM D MFCSF QJMPUP EF DB[B Z VOB OVFWB CJPHSBG¤B NVFTUSBO B VO EFQSFEBEPS B SFP BMFKBEP EF TV MFZFOEB +BDJOUP "OUÂO &M 1B½T
&
O FM SVUJMBOUF GJSNBNFOUP EF MB MVDIB B¹SFB TPCSF MBT FNCBSSBEBT USJODIF SBT EF MB * (VFSSB .VOEJBM EFTUBDBO DPO FM DPMPS BDFSCP Z EFTBGJBOUF EF .BSUF FM BFSPQMBOP Z FM OPNCSF EF .BOGSFE WPO 3JDIUIPGFO FM #BSÂO 3PKP FM QJMPUP EF DPNCBUF N²T GBNP TP EF UPEPT MPT UJFNQPT 4V MFZFOEB MF IB DPOWFSUJ EP BEFN²T EF FO VOB EF MBT GJHVSBT FNCMFN²UJDBT EF MB DPOUJFOEB RVF FTUF BÁP DPONFNPSB FM DFOUFOB SJP EF TV JOJDJP FO FM QBSBEJHNB EF BWJBEPS EF DB[B DBCBMMFSPTP UBO UFNJEP DPNP BENJSBEP Z SFTQFUBEP QPS TVT FOFNJHPT 4JO FNCBSHP Z DPNP TVFMF TVDF EFS DPO MPT NJUPT IBZ HSBOEFT GJTVSBT FO MB QFSTPOB MJEBE SFBM EFM GBNPTP QJMPUP FM DBNQFÂO EF MPT DJF MPT EF MB (SBO (VFSSB DPO WJDUPSJBT DPOGJSNBEBT "IPSB MB QVCMJDBDJÂO FO &TQBÁB EF TVT NFNPSJBT EF HVFSSB &M BWJÂO SPKP EF DPNCBUF .BDBE²O Z EF VOB FYUFOTB CJPHSBG½B EF Q²HJOBT "MNV[BSB B DBS HP EFM FOUVTJBTUB + &EVBSEP $BBNBÁP RVF IB CV DFBEP FO MB NPOVNFOUBM CJCMJPHSBG½B TPCSF 7PO 3JDIUIPGFO FTQFDJBMNFOUF FO MPT MJCSPT EFM HSBO FTQFDJBMJTUB 1FUFS ,JMEVGG QBSB QPOFS B EJTQPTJDJÂO EFM MFDUPS FO DBTUFMMBOP VO DPNQMFUP SFMBUP EF TV WJ EB Z QFSJQFDJBT QFSNJUFO PCTFSWBS FO UPEB TV EJNFO TJÂO B VO JOEJWJEVP DPO CBTUBOUFT GBDFUBT JORVJFUBO UFT BOUJQ²UJDBT Z EFTBHSBEBCMFT &M SFUSBUP EFM 7PO 3JDIUIPGFO SFBM FT FM EF VO KP WFO FNQF[Â TV DBSSFSB EF QJMPUP EF DB[B DPO BÁPT Z MB BDBCÂ QPS MB QJTUB QFPS MB EF MB NVFSUF B MPT NJMJUBSJTUB BSSPHBOUF BNCJDJPTP Z DPO VO QVOUP EF DSVFM Z EFTQJBEBEP .VDIB TFE EF HMPSJB BSSPKP Z U¹D OJDB Z NVZ QPDB IVNBOJEBE P DPNQBTJÂO 1BSB FM #B SÂO 3PKP DVZB FOTBOHSFOUBEB JNBHFO EJTPMWJFOEP FM DJFMP FO VOB HSBOJ[BEB EF QSPZFDUJMFT FSB MP ÈMUJNP RVF WF½BO FO TV WJEB NVDIPT SJWBMFT WPMBS TJHOJGJDB CB VOB FYUFOTJÂO EF MPT QMBDFSFT EF MB DB[B UFSSFTUSF EF BOJNBMFT B MB RVF TF FOUSFHBCB EFTEF OJÁP DPO BGJ DJÂO GBO²UJDB &O FM BJSF TF DPOWJSUJÂ DPO FYUSFNBEP EFMFJUF FO VO IBMDÂO JNQMBDBCMF MB UFNJCMF KPZB FT DBSMBUB FO MB QFSDIB EF DFUSFS½B EFM ,²JTFS /J FO TV MJCSP TÂMP FTDSJCJÂ PUSP VO NBOVBM EF DPNCBUF 3FHMFNFOU GÊS ,BNQGGMJFHFS OJ FO JOGPS NFT OJ DBSUBT FODPOUSBNPT MB TVUJMF[B MB SFGMFYJÂO MB DPONJTFSBDJÂO FM I²MJUP QP¹UJDP P MB MJUFSBUVSB EF MPT HSBOEFT QJMPUPT EF HVFSSB FTDSJUPSFT DPNP 4BMUFS 3J DIBSE )JMMBSZ P 4BJOU &YVQ¹SZ i4PZ VO DB[BEPS QPS OBUVSBMF[Bw FTDSJCF 7PO 3JDIUIPGFO FO &M BWJÂO SPKP EF DPNCBUF i$VBOEP IF BCBUJEP B VO JOHM¹T NJ QB TJÂO QPS MB DB[B TF DBMNB QPS MP NFOPT EVSBOUF VO DVBS UP EF IPSBw &T EJG½DJM DPODJMJBS FTF GS½WPMP DPNFOUBSJP DJOFH¹UJDP DPO MB SFBMJEBE EF MPT BWJBEPSFT BVMMBOEP FO TVT EFTFTQFSBEBT DB½EBT NJFOUSBT TF DPOTVNFO DP NP BOUPSDIBT FO TVT BFSPQMBOPT JODFOEJBEPT : BÁB EF FM CBSÂO i-PT DB[BEPSFT OFDFTJUBO USPGFPTw "T½ KVT UJGJDBCB VOB EF TVT DPTUVNCSFT BQBSUF EF NBUBS HFOUF RVF N²T BWFSTJÂO QVFEF QSPEVDJS TV PCTF TJÂO QPS SFDPHFS FMFNFOUPT EF MPT BWJPOFT RVF BCBU½B $PO FMMPT EFDPSÂ VOB IBCJUBDJÂO FO TV DBTB *OHSFTÂ FO FM FK¹SDJUP FO FO DBCBMMFS½B Z FOUSÂ FO MB HVFSSB EF NVZ EJDIPTP &O QJ EF QBTBS B MB BWJBDJÂO %JTGSVUB TBMWBKFNFOUF BCBUJFO
EP FOFNJHPT .VDIPT EF FMMPT QJMPUPT OPWFMFT DBTJ OJÁPT P RVF WPMBCBO FO BQBSBUPT NVZ JOGFSJPSFT B MPT TVZPT &M MJCSP TF DJFSSB DPO WJDUPSJBT USBT FM CBV UJ[BEP QPS MPT CSJU²OJDPT DPNP FM iBCSJM TBOHSJFOUPw EF FO FM RVF MPT "MCBUSPT Z 'PLLFST BMFNBOFT TF DPCSBSPO VO TPCSFDPHFEPS USJCVUP EF TBOHSF 5SBT VO QFSNJTP 3JDIUIPGFO WPMWFS½B BM GSFOUF TFS½B NBMIF SJEP FO KVMJP VO CBMB[P FO MB DBCF[B MF EFKÂ NPNFO U²OFBNFOUF DJFHP QFTF B FMMP GVF DBQB[ EF BUFSSJ [BS Z FOUSBS½B FO MB GBTF GJOBM EF TV DBSSFSB $BCF QSFHVOUBSTF RV¹ IVCJFSB TJEP EF ¹M EF TP CSFWJWJS B MB HVFSSB 1PDP IBDF QSFTVQPOFS RVF OP IVCJFSB BCSB[BEP FM SFWBODIJTNP FM SFBSNF Z MB WVFM UB B MBT BOEBEBT DPNP IJDJFSPO MB NBZPS½B EF MPT BMF NBOFT FO QPT EF )JUMFS 2VJ[² TFS½B NVDIP TVQPOFS RVF IVCJFSB TJEP VO (PFSJOH QPQVMBS BT EF DB[B DP NP ¹M QFSP OP PMWJEFNPT FM JNQPSUBOUF QBQFM RVF KV HÂ TV QSJNP 8PMGSBN WPO 3JDIUIPGFO KFGF EF MB -F HJÂO $ÂOEPS -B NVFSUF EFM #BSÂO 3PKP BRVFM EF BCSJM EF BCBUJEP TPCSF FM 4PNNF QPS VOB ÈOJDB CBMB FWJUÂ RVF GVFSB VO 7PO 3JDIUIPGFO N²T GBNPTP FM FODBSHBEP EF EFWBTUBS (FSOJLB {4PO FTUBT TVTQJDBDJBT JOKVTUBT DPO FM HSBO BWJB EPS $VSJPTBNFOUF FM DJOF ZB TF IB NPTUSBEP CBTUBO UF BNCJHVP /JOHVOB EF MBT NVDIBT QFM½DVMBT TPCSF ¹M EF MB DBOÂOJDB 5IF 3FE #BSPO BOE #SPXO DPO +PIO 1IJMJQ -BX IBTUB MB SFDJFOUF %FS 3PUF #B SPO BMFNBOB PGSFDFO VO QFSGJM USBORVJMJ[B EPS 6O TPMP JOEJDJP OPT IBDF QFOTBS RVF .BOGSFE WPO 3JDIUIPGFO EF OP NPSJS IVCJFSB QPEJEP RVJ[² USBOTGPSNBSTF FO VO QFSTPOBKF N²T JOUFSFTBOUF EF MP RVF SFBMNFOUF GVF 5SBT TFS IFSJEP FO MB DBCF[B DP NFO[Â B EFTQFHBSTF EF TV GJHVSB NPOPDPMPS 4FHV SBNFOUF WFS UBOUBT NVFSUFT BMSFEFEPS Z MB TVZB QSP QJB UBO DFSDB FNQF[BCBO B USBOTGPSNBSMP &TDSJCJÂ FOUPODFT VO CSFWF UFYUP (FOEBOLFO JO VOUFSTUBOE 3FGMFYJPOFT FO NJ SFGVHJP OP QVCMJDBEP IBTUB DPNP QBSUF EF TV MJCSP FO FM RVF BQVOUB RVF QJFO TB FTDSJCJS VOB DPOUJOVBDJÂO EF &M BWJÂO SPKP EF DPN CBUF DVZP UPOP FODVFOUSB ZB iJOTPMFOUFw FO MB RVF FYQMJDBS² RVF MB HVFSSB OP FT iUBO EJWFSUJEBw OJ IF SPJDB $POGJFTB FOUPODFT RVF TJFOUF BOHVTUJB DBEB WF[ RVF WVFMWF EF VO DPNCBUF Z MB WJEB MF QBSFDF TPN CS½B &O FTF DSFQÈTDVMP N²T EJHOP Z IVNBOP FT EPO EF EF WFSEBE CSJMMB MB MV[ EFM #BSÂO 3PKP
YYY º Ê>Û ÊÀ Ê`iÊV L>Ìi»]Ê >V>`? Ê LÀ Ã]Ê À> >`>]ÊÓä£Î°Ê Ê YYY º > vÀi`ÊÛ Ê, VÌ vi ]Êi Ê >À Ê, »]Ê ` Ì À > Ê Õâ>À>]Ê À` L>]Ê Óä£{°Ê Ê YYYʺ Ê >À Ê, \Ê>ÕÌ L }À>v >Ê`iÊÃÕÃÊ >â> >û]Ê i >Ê ` V iÃ]Ê Óäää°Ê Ê YYY º Ê >À Ê, »ÊÓään®]Ê «i VÕ >Ê` À } `>Ê« ÀÊ > Ê Ø iÀÃV °Ê Ê YYYʺ Ê >À Ê, »Ê£ Ç£®]Ê V Ì>ÊiÃÌ>` Õ `i ÃiÊ` À } `>Ê« ÀÊ, }iÀÊ À > °
1~(*/" #
&- */'03."%03 &- */'03."%03
%PNJOHP EF NBZP EF
,$ &- */'03."%03 t ' "5*-"/0
ViÊ>ÊiÃÌ>ÃÊ ÀÕ`>ÃÊ Õ iÀiÃÊ Ã LÀiÊÀÕi`>Ã
bg_hkfZ]hk(]ig(gr
1PS 1BUSJDJB .JHOBOJ
-
o d i b i h Pro
FTUBDJPOBS [POB EF "NB[POBT
BCJBM GVDTJB TPNCSB NPSBEB Z QBMJBDB UFT EF VO WJPMFUB #BSOFZ .VDIP OFHSP Z NPUPT 6ÁBT EF DPMPSFT Z QMBZFSBT VOJGPSNBEBT $IBMFDPT EF DVFSP UBDP OFT Z CPUBT .FUBM Z NPUPT SVJEPTBT -BT BNB[POBT BEFN²T EF IBDFS NVDIP SVJEP TPO NVKFSFT BQBTJPOBEBT NBN²T FTQPTBT NBFTUSBT EPDUPSBT Z BCPHBEBT FOUSF PUSBT RVF DPNQBSUFO MB QBTJÂO QPS MBT NPUPT QPS MPT SVJEPTPT FTDBQFT Z QPS TBMJS B SPEBS FO DBSSF DIFT RVF FYJTUFO HSBOEF Z QFRVFÁP TF RVFEBO UFSB &MMBT TPO MBT QSJNFSBT NVKFSFT NPUPDJDMJTUBT OBEB N²T DPO FM QBSDIF QFRVFÁP PSHBOJ[BEBT EF (VBEBMBKBSB Z TF DPNQSPNFUFO .JSJBN MB SFTQPOTBCMF EF "NB[POBT +BMJT DPO MB BHSVQBDJÂO RVF OP NPUPDMVC DPNP MBT DP DVFOUB RVF FM MPHP Z FM OPNCSF EF "NB[POBT NVKFSFT TBCFO IBDFSMP IBCMBOEP NVDIP Z FTDV FTU² SFHJTUSBEP MFHBMNFOUF Z RVF QPS FTP FT UBO DI²OEPTF DPNP BNJHBT JNQPSUBOUF MB VOJGPSNJEBE Z FM DPNQSPNJTP DPO "MHVOBT EF TVT WJEBT QBSFDFO JODPNQBUJCMFT MB BHSVQBDJÂO DPO MB QBTJÂO EF MBT NPUPT DPNP MB EF 5FSF RVF FT &O MB SFVOJÂO RVF NBOUJFOFO FO VO CBS GSFO BCVFMB ZB TF KVCJM DPNP OVUSJÂMPHB Z USBCBKB VOBT UF BM 1BSRVF 3PKP TF IBDF MB FOUSFHB EF QBSDIFT Z DVBUSP IPSBT QPS E½B CPSEBOEP WFTUJEPT EF OPWJBT DBEB VOB EF FMMBT TF TJFOUF PSHVMMPTB EF QFSUFOF Z RVJODFBÁFSBT 6TB VO QBÁVFMP NPSBEP FO MB DB DFS TF QVFEF WFS FO MBT TPOSJTBT 3FDJCFO FM BQMBV CF[B BM FTUJMP +BDL 4QBSSPX Z B MPT DPTUBEPT TF EFT TP EF MBT DPNQBÁFSBT Z QPTBO QBSB MB GPUP CPSEB FM QFMP FO VO DBSS¹ QSPMJKP $VBOEP QSFHVO .JSJBN MFT SFDVFSEB FM DPNQSPNJTP RVF UP QPS TV BQPEP EJDF RVF OP UJFOF RVF MF HVTUBS½B BTVNFO DPO FTF QBSDIF RVF DPNP FT VO HSVQP iBNJHVJUBw QFSP MF QBSFDF EFNBTJBEP iNBSJDBw QB NVZ HSBOEF EF NVKFSFT Z FMMBT MMFWBO MB CBOEF SB FM NFEJP "VO BT½ TF EFGJOF DPNP SFCFMEPOB EFT SB EF MB JODMVTJÂO FTU² BCJFSUB MB QVFSUB B RVJFO EF KPWFO BNBOUF EFM SPDL Z UBO WJBKFSB EF UJFNQP RVJFSB VOJSTF DPQJMPUPT QJMPUPT P TÂMP BQBTJPOB DPNQMFUP RVF TF GVF IBTUB #FMJDF DPO TV NBSJEP FO EBT BM NPUPDJDMJTNP QFSP RVF FT SFRVJTJUP JS B NPUP FO VO WJBKF EF E½BT DPOWJWJS iFT MP N²T JNQPSUBOUFw 1PS MP NJTNP 5BNCJ¹O MB WJEB EF .BS .BS EJP VO HJSP B *TFMB DPNFOUB DPO TV JOTFQBSBCMF DJHBSSP FMFD QBSUJS EF MBT NPUPT &MMB FT BTFTPSB GJOBODJFSB Z USÂOJDP RVF MF HVTUB FM BNCJFOUF EF IFSNBOEBE MB UFTPSFSB EF "NB[POBT -MFWB MBT DVFOUBT Z PS i1BSB N½ SPEBS FT GPSUBMFDFS MPT MB[PT EF BNJTUBE HBOJ[B MBT MJTUBT EF RVJFOFT QBHBSPO QBSDIFT Z RVF UJFOFT DPO MBT NVDIBDIBT BVOBEP DPO MB QB RVJFOFT OP i%FTEF RVF FTUPZ FO FTUP FT QSJPSJ TJÂO RVF UJFOFT QPS MBT NPUPDJDMFUBTw EBE FO NJ WJEB FM BNCJFOUF CJLFS "OUFT FSB NVZ &O MBT SFVOJPOFT BEFN²T EF DIBSMBS Z UPNBS BCVSSJEB NJ WJEBw 4F FNPDJPOB DVBOEP IBCMB EF VOBT DFSWF[BT TF PDVQBO EF QMBOJGJDBS TBMJEBT MBT NPUPT Z TF BDFSDB FO DPOGJBO[B iZP CVTDBCB DVSTPT Z NJTJPOFT BMUSVJTUBT &TUB WF[ BWJTBO TPCSF BMHP FO MB WJEB TFOU½B RVF NF GBMUBCB BMHP JS B MB FM QSÂYJNP DVSTP RVF EBS² "MFKBOESB MB EPDUPSB FTDVFMB B USBCBKBS MPT IJKPT MB DB EFM HSVQP TPCSF QSJNFSPT BVYJMJPT TB w IBDF VO HFTUP EF HV²DBMB Z MP QBSB NPUPDJDMJTUBT FO MB DBSSFUFSB DBNCJB NJFOUSBT NF FYQMJDB DÂNP RVF UFOES² DPNP NJTJÂO MB QSFWFO OBDJ TV BNPS QPS MBT NPUPT B QBS >ÃÊ> >â >Ã]Ê DJÂO Z UBNCJ¹O TF IBCMBS² EF MB CVF UJS EF VO FWFOUP EF MB )BSMFZ %BWJE OB DPOEVDDJÂO Z EF DPOPDFS Z TBCFS TPO RVF WJP FO FM %JTUSJUP 'FEFSBM >`i ?ÃÊ`iÊ >ViÀÊ RV¹ IBDFS BOUF VOB DB½EB &TUBT "NB[POBT OP TÂMP TPO :PMZ $IPQQFS DPNP MF HVTUB iHVFSSFSBT QPS VOB BNJTUBE TJO ÕV ÊÀÕ ` ]ÊÃ Ê RVF MB MMBNFO FT BCPHBEB Z MMFWB QP GSPOUFSBTw DPNP MP NBSDB TV QBS DP N²T EF VO BÁP FO FM NPUPDJDMJT DIF TJOP RVF BEFN²T QFMFBO QPS MB NP QFSP USBF MB TFHVSJEBE Z FM QPS Õ iÀiÃÊ VOJGJDBDJÂO DPNP NVKFSFT NPUPDMJ UF EF VOB E¹DBEB $VFOUB RVF UVWP DMJTUBT iRVF OPT SFDPOP[DBO Z OPT VO BDDJEFOUF FO MB DJVEBE Z EJDF RVF >«>à >`>Ã]Ê SFTQFUFO DPNP MP RVF TPNPTw EJDF OP MF QBT OBEB QPSRVF USB½B FM FRVJ *TFMB VOB EF MBT BNB[POBT RVF FT > ?Ã]Êië Ã>Ã]Ê QP DPNQMFUP DBTDP HVBOUFT Z DIB MB OJÁB BQMJDBEB EF MB DMBTF $PNFO NBSSB -BT DIBQBSSFSBT TÂMP MBT VTB UB RVF BVORVF FM BNCJFOUF FT NB >iÃÌÀ>Ã]Ê` VÌ À>ÃÊ DVBOEP TBMF B DBSSFUFSB DIJTUB ZB IBZ BMHVOBT GMFYJCJMJEB $PO USBORVJMJEBE EJDF RVF FMMB EFT iQFSP OP IBZ DPNP FTUBS DPO VO iOBEB N²Tw MFWBOUB FO DBSSFUF ÞÊ>L }>`>à HSVQP EF DIJDBT RVF OPT RVFSFNPT SB Z RVF VOB EF MBT DMBWFT QBSB FMMB RVF QPEFNPT QMBUJDBS EF NBRVJMMB RVF TBMF NVDIP TPMB FT JSTF QPS MB KF EF SPQB Z EF MPT IJKPT DPTBT RVF OP QPEFNPT MJCSF MP N²T RVF TF QVFEB QPSRVF BMM½ IBZ HFO IBCMBS DPO MPT IPNCSFTw UF iFO MB QJTUB UF RVFEBT IBDJFOEP TFÁBT EF BV -B PSHBOJ[BDJÂO RVF OBDJ DPNP JOJDJBUJ YJMJP Z OBEJF UF QFMBw "EFN²T QMBOFBO VO DVSTP EF NFD²OJDB RVF WB EF -BVSB MB QSFTJEFOUB RVF FTU² FO .JDIPB D²O Z MVFHP EF #FMMB MB WJDFQSFTJEFOUB RVF WJ BVORVF NVDIBT EF FMMBT OP DPOPDFO UBOUP EFM UF WF FO 4JOBMPB MMFWB QPDP N²T EF VO BÁP FO NB UPEBT RVJFSFO BQSFOEFS Z PUSP DVSTP EF NB +BMJTDP Z FT BDUVBMNFOUF FM &TUBEP RVF N²T JO OFKP EF NPUPT USBUBOEP TJFNQSF EF RVF FTUBT DMB UFHSBOUFT UJFOF DPO DIJDBT FOUSF NJFNCSPT TFT TFBO HSBUVJUBT &MJ[BCFUI DPOPDJEB FO FM HSFNJP DPNP i-B DB Z TJNQBUJ[BOUFT -BT DIJDBT NJFNCSP TPO MBT RVF SVFEBO NBMFPOBw QPS FM OPNCSF RVF MMFWB FM NPUPDMVC EF TBMFO FO TVT NPUPT TPMBT RVF OP UJFOFO NP TV NBSJEP EJDF RVF TJFNQSF IB SPEBEP DPO ¹M Z RVF UPDMVC -PT NPUPDMVCT TPO HSVQPT RVF TBMFO B IB QBSUJDJQBEP BDUJWBNFOUF FO FTF NPUPDMVC QFSP SPEBS RVF MFT FYJHFO FYDMVTJWJEBE B TVT NJFN EFTEF RVF FTU² FO "NB[POBT BENJSB DÂNP TF SFT CSPT Z RVF QPS MP HFOFSBM UBNCJ¹O MMFWBO TVT QMB QFUB FM MJEFSB[HP Z RVF BÈO BT½ UPEBT UJFOFO FM NJT ZFSBT P DIBMFDPT Z QBSDIFT RVF MPT JEFOUJGJDBO NP EFSFDIP EF PQJOBS i&TUPZ TPSQSFOEJEB EF WFS -BT RVF TPO TJNQBUJ[BOUFT FT EFDJS RVF GPSNBO MB PSHBOJ[BDJÂO RVF UFOFNPT MBT NVKFSFTw QBSUF EF VO NPUPDMVC Z BEFN²T EF MB BHSVQB 6OP EF MPT TVFÁPT EF i-B DBNBMFPOBw FT DJÂO "NB[POBT OP QVFEFO QPSUBS MPT EPT QBS RVF BMHVOB SFJOB EF CFMMF[B P BMHVOB NVKFS JO
-BT "NB[POBT #JLFS "HSVQBDJªO TPO FM QSJNFS Z °OJDP HSVQP EF NPUPDMJDMJTUBT NVKFSFT FO MB DJVEBE %FTUBDBO QPS VOB PSHBOJ[BDJªO JNQFDBCMF Z GPSNBO QBSUF EF VOB PSHBOJ[BDJªO RVF OBDJª IBDF QPDP N T EF EPT B¨PT B OJWFM OBDJPOBM
DJDMJTUB OP MP SFDPOPDFO DPNP UBM 1JFOTBO RVF TP NPT NBMPT QFSP UFOFNPT NVDIBT DPTBT CVFOBT RVF MB HFOUF OP TBCFw EJDF *TFMB -BT "NB[POBT OP TF RVFEBO BUS²T FO FTUF BT QFDUP Z FT QPS FTP RVF ZB IBO QBSUJDJQBEP MMFWBO EP KVHVFUFT B MPT OJÁPT EFM )PTQJUBM $JWJM BT½ MP IJ DJFSPO FM QBTBEP E½B EFM OJÁP Z PSHBOJ[BSPO VOB GMVZFOUF EF MPT NFEJPT TF VOB B FTUF NPWJNJFO SPEBEB FO BQPZP B MBT NVKFSFT DPO D²ODFS "IPSB UP Z TPCSFTBMHB DPO FM NFOTBKF iQPSRVF MBT NV QMBOFBO WJTJUBS B NVKFSFT SFDMVTBT Z MMFWBSMFT W½WF KFSFT UFOFNPT FM NJTNP EFSFDIP JODMVTP EFO SFT &TUB JEFB RVF QPOF TPCSF MB NFTB .JSJBN TVS HF B QBSUJS EF TV HSVQP EF PSBDJÂO i&TDMBWPT EFM USP EFM NPUPDJDMJTNPw &TQ½SJUV 4BOUPw FO FM RVF QBSUJDJQB EFTEF IBDF DVBUSP BÁPT Z B USBW¹T EFM RVF EJDF FTUBS IBDJFOEP 4FS NPDIJMB .VDIBT EF FMMBT BTFHVSBO RVF FM NFEJP FT TVT iQJOJOPTw TJSWJFOEP Z BZVEBOEP FTQJSJUVBM NVZ NBDIJTUB Z RVF MBT NVKFSFT TJFNQSF TF IBO NFOUF B RVJFO CVTDB BZVEB i-B $BNBMFPOBw PQJOB RVF FM TJNQMF IFDIP EF WJTUP DPNP MBT BDPNQBÁBOUFT EF MPT IPNCSFT TP CSF MBT NPUPT QFSP RVF BIPSB RVF BQSFDJ "NB UFOFS VOB NPUP TJHOJGJDB RVF ZB TF UJFOF VOB TPM [POBT NVDIBT MFT IBO QMBOUFBEP B TVT QBSFKBT WFODJB FDPOÂNJDB iQPSRVF FTUF FT VO EFQPSUF DB SPw Z MF EJDF B MPT IPNCSFT RVF TJ QVF RVF ¹TUF FT TV FTQBDJP VOP FYDMVTJ EFO JOWFSUJS P QFTPT FO WP Z RVF MBT BQPZFO DFSWF[BT QVFEFO JOWFSUJS FTF NJTNP i-PT IPNCSFT FO FM BNCJFOUF TPO NVZ SFBDJPT QPSRVF TJFNQSF >ÃÊV> L > Ê Õ ÃÊ EJOFSP QBSB BZVEBS B BMHVJFO i" WF DFT DVBOEP FOUSBNPT B MPT IPTQJUBMFT RVJFSFO RVF MPT WFBT DPNP MPT NBDIPT MPT RVF NBOEBO MPT DPO B MPT MVHBSFT RVF WJTJUBNPT TF S½FO OB 6Õ ÌÌ ]Ê >ÀVÊ EB N²T EF WFSOPT QFSP TJ OPT RVFSF RVJTUBEPSFT BVORVF DPO QBO[Bw EJDF 5FSF >V LÃ]Ê > i ÊÞÊ NPT RVJUBS FM FTUJHNB EF RVF MPT NP UPDJDMJTUBT TPNPT WBHPT SFWPMUPTPT Z "MFKBOESB MB EPDUPSB EJDF RVF OVODB GBMUB FM DBSSP BM RVF MF EB FO V >i Ê ÀÃÊ« ÀÊ MBESPOFT MB NFKPS NBOFSB FT ¹TBw WJEJB RVF MP SFCBTF iIBZ RVJFOFT MVFHP MVFHP TF EBO DVFOUB EF RVF TPZ `>]Ê > > ]Ê*Õ Ã>ÀÊ 6OB QBTJ°O DPTUPTB NVKFS Z TPO HSPTFSPTw 5PEBT FMMBT IBCMBO EF DJMJOESBKFT i-B $BNBMFPOBw RVF IB FTUB ÞÊ-ÕâÕ ]Ê >ÃÊ >ÀV>ÃÊ DPNP EF NBRVJMMBKFT Z EF MPT NPEFMPT EP JONFSTB FO FM NVOEP EF MPT EF NPUPT DIPQQFST Z EF NPUPT EF QJT IPNCSFT QJMPUPT FYQMJDB RVF B MBT UB RVF UJFOFO P EFTFBO DPNQSBS 5P µÕiÊ >ÃÊ >Vi Ê NPDIJMBT DPNP MMBNBO B MBT DP EBT TBCFO RVF FT VO IPCCJF NVZ DBSP QJMPUPT OVODB TF MFT UPN FO OP TÂMP QPS FM DPTUP EF MBT NPUPT RVF ÃÕë À>À DVFOUB Z NFOPT B MBT NVKFSFT EJ WB EFTEF NJM IBTUB NJM QFTPT TJ DF RVF OP QVFEFO IBCMBS OJ PQJOBS OP UBNCJ¹O QPSRVF FO FM BNCJFOUF DB i:P TJFNQSF QFMF¹ QPS MPT EFSFDIPT EF MBT NVKF TJ UPEPT MPT GJOFT EF TFNBOB IBZ FWFOUPT Z NVDIPT SFT FO FM NPUPDJDMJTNP 4PO NVZ NBDIJTUBT TPO TF SFBMJ[BO FO PUSPT &TUBEPT EF MB 3FQÈCMJDB MP RVF NVZ EF A{QBSB RV¹ USBFNPT WJFKBT )F FTUBEP JNQMJDB UFOFS FM EJOFSP QBSB MB HBTPMJOB BTFHVSBS FO NVDIBT KVOUBT EF IPNCSFT Z FMMPT OP UJFOFO FM IPTQFEBKF FO IPUFM P QPS MP NFOPT BDBNQBS MBT FM WBMPS EF EFDJS MBT DPTBT EF GSFOUF Z MBT NVKF DBTFUBT DPNJEB Z MP RVF SFRVJFSB FM DPOWJWJP FT SFT TPNPT N²T EJSFDUBT DVBOEP IBZ BMHP RVF UF UP TJO DPOUBS RVF TF EFCF UFOFS FM UJFNQP QBSB IB JODPNPEB MP EJDFT &OUSF MPT IPNCSFT UPEPT DFS TBMJEBT EF EPT P N²T E½BT RVJFSFO TFS M½EFS Z FT NVZ EJTUJOUP B MBT NVKFSFT 5FOFS FM QBSDIF UBNCJ¹O DVFTUB N²T EF BRV½ MBT EFDJTJPOFT TF UPNBO QPS FM CJFO DPNÈOw QFTPT Z FM DPTUP EF MB QMBZFSB DIBMFDP Z EFN²T BD 1POF FM FKFNQMP EF MB SFBMJ[BDJÂO EF VO FWFO DFTPSJPT SFRVJFSFO EF VOB TVNB EF EJOFSP FYUSB UP Z EJDF RVF MPT IPNCSFT FTQFSBO B RVF FM M½EFS EJ HB RV¹ TF WB B IBDFS Z RVF QPS FM DPOUSBSJP MBT NV -BT DBEFSBT OP NJFOUFO KFSFT TPO BDPNFEJEBT Z DBEB VOB TF PSHBOJ[B QBSB -ZO NJEF VO NFUSP DFOU½NFUSPT Z UJFOF MMFWBS P IBDFS BMHP i5FOFNPT MB QSFEJTQPTJDJÂO EF VOB NPUP DIPQQFS EF LJMPT i&T QVSB NBÁB TJFNQSF BZVEBS Z TFSWJS RVF FTP FT MP RVF OP UJF USBFSMB FT VO KVFHP EF DBEFSBTw BTFHVSB Z NF OFO MPT IPNCSFTw NVFTUSB DÂNP BM TVCJSTF IBDF VO NPWJNJFOUP 1PS PUSP MBEP .BSJTFMB B RVJFO MMBNBO i.BSJ RVF FOEFSF[B BM NPOTUSVP OFHSP RVF QFTB N²T DPDBw FT MB IFSNBOB EF .JSJBN Z NBFTUSB EF QSJ EF DJODP i-ZOTw NBSJB EJDF RVF MF HVTUB MB NBOFSB FO RVF TF WF B $MBOEFTUJOB RVF UJFOF VOB NPUP EF LJMPT MB NVKFS NPUPDJDMJTUB FO MBT "NB[POBT "TFHVSB BQPSUB BM BSHVNFOUP Z EJDF RVF FM DIJTUF FT TBCFS RVF IBZ NVDIB EJTDSJNJOBDJÂO IBDJB MB NVKFS FO NBOUFOFS FM FRVJMJCSJP TBCFS NBOFKBS FTU²OEBS Z HFOFSBM Z FO FTF BNCJFOUF N²T i-PT IPNCSFT TPO RVF B MB IPSB EF TVCJSTF iFT N²T NBÁB RVF QFTPw NVZ DFMPTPT EF MPT NPUPDMVCT Z B MBT NVKFSFT OPT 7BSJBT EF MBT DIJDBT DPOGJFTBO RVFEBS EF QVOUJ WFO DPNP VO BEPSOP DPNP MB NVKFS RVF WB DPO FM UBT DVBOEP FOEFSF[BO MB NPUP QFSP RVF B MB IPSB EF NPUPDJDMJTUBw MB NBOFKBEB TF TJFOUF MJHFSP iDPNP VOB CJDJDMFUBw &MMBT DBNCJBO -PVJT 7VJUUPO .BSD +BDPCT $IB OFM Z .JDIBFM ,PST QPS )POEB #BKBK 1VMTBS Z 4V[VLJ "MUSVJTNP &M BMUSVJTNP FT VOB QBSUF JNQPSUBOUF EF MPT MBT NBSDBT RVF MBT IBDFO TVTQJSBS TFOUJS BESFOBMJOB NPUPDMVCT FO HFOFSBM NVDIPT EF MPT HSVQPT EF EJWFSUJSTF Z HSJUBS FO NFEJP EF MBT SPEBEBT "EFN²T EF TFS GFNFOJOBT DPRVFUBT Z TBCFS DIPQQFST Z NPUPDJDMJTUBT UJFOFO MB DPTUVNCSF EF BZVEBS B JOTUJUVDJPOFT VO QPDP DPO FM GJO EF iMBWBSw EF NPUPT FTUBT NVKFSFT TF BCSFO DBNJOP FO VO FTB NBMB JNQSFTJÂO RVF VOB QBSUF EF MB TPDJFEBE NVOEP RVF EFTEF TV H¹OFTJT TF QMBOUF QBSB MPT IPNCSFT NJTNP RVF BIPSB UJFOF VOB QJFESB FO QVFEB UFOFS EF FMMPT i)BZ NVDIPT NPUPDMVCT RVF IBDFO PCSBT BM TVT CPUBT EF DVFSP NBTDVMJOBT VOB USJCV EF "NB USVJTUBT Z FTF FT OVFTUSP QMBO &M NVOEP EFM NPUP [POBT SPEBOEP QPS MBT DBMMFT