MUNDANE AMBIGUITY MAKING PUBLIC REALM WITH BALLAST WATER INFRASTRUCTURE
Advised by Sergio Lopez-Pineiro
Xingyue Huang
LANDSCAPE AS BALLAST WATER INFRASTRUCTURE
Pierre, “Landscapes of Disassembly,” Topos, 2017, https://toposmagazine.com/
CONTAINER
TANKER 35000DWT
5000 - 8000 DWT
Early Container 137*17*9M
7000DWT
10000 -25000 DWT
Fully Cellular 215*20*10M
150000DWT
52500 DWT
Panamax 294*32*12M
60000 - 85000 DWT
250000DWT
Post Panamax 366*49*15M
0
12.5 25
50
100
200 M
LEGEND
INVENTORY OF BALLAST TANKS F
OCEAN SURFACE SALINITY (‰) 0.000 - 27.039 < -2.7 Std. Dev.
27.040 - 28.371 -2.7 - -2.2 Std. Dev.
28.372 - 29.703 -2.2 - -1.7 Std. Dev.
29.704 - 31.035 -1.7 - -1.2 Std. Dev.
31.036 - 32.367 32.368 - 33.699 33.700 - 35.031 35.032 - 36.363 36.364 - 37.695 -1.2 - -0.75 Std. Dev. -0.75 - -0.25 Std. Dev. -0.25 - 0.25 Std. Dev. 0.25 - 0.75 Std. Dev. 0.75 - 1.2 Std. Dev.
37.696 - 39.027 1.2 - 1.7 Std. Dev.
FROM COMMON TYPES OF SHIPS 39.028 - 40.359 1.7 - 2.2 Std. Dev.
40.360 - 41.691 2.2 - 2.7 Std. Dev.
41.692 - 42.236 > 2.7 Std. Dev.
42.237 - 125 2.2 - 2.7 Std. Dev.
125 - 250 > 2.7 Std. Dev.
Source Port
Discharging Cargo
BALLAST WATER LOADING OPE
Read “Stemming the Tide: Controlling Introductions of Nonindigenous Species by Ships’ Ballast Water” at NAP.Edu. Accessed November 29, 2021. https://doi.org/10.17226/5294. Loading Ballast Water
ERATION AT THE SOURCE PORT
BALLAST WATER PROVIDING STABILITY AND M
Cargo Hold Empty
MANEUVERABILITY FOR THE SHIP ON A VOYAGE
To Destionation Port
Leaving Destionation Po
ort
Cargo Hold Full
Destination Port
Discharging Cargo
Landfill Far From Coast To receive excavated silt
0
2.5 5
10
20
40
M
CURRENT BALLAST WATE
ER WASTE MANAGEMENT
Ballast Water Management Method B:
Ballast Water Management Method A:
On-shore Ballast Water Treatment Facility
Trans-ballast Ship with Ballast Water Treatment System Onboard
Panamax Container Ship
Excavated Silt Reused in making urban parks
0
2.5 5
10
20
40
Landscape Infrastructures with Built-in Ballast Water Treatment System
M
PROPOSED BALLAST WATER WASTE RECYC
Trans-ballast Ship with Ballast Water Treatment System Onboard
Recycled Ballast Water
CLING INFRASTRUCTURE & PUBLIC SPACE
Panamax Container Ship
Google Earth Pro. “Bahamas, Nassau Port, August 2021.” Accessed March 13, 2022.
Google Earth Pro. “China, Hongkong, Accessed March 13, 2022.
Google Earth Pro. “Liberia, Port of Liberia, October, 2019.” Accessed March 13, 2022.
Google Earth Pro. “Marshall Islands, Fe 2022.
Google Earth Pro. “Panama, Catun Lake, April, 2021.” Accessed March 13, 2022.
Google Earth Pro. “Singapore, Singap March 13, 2022.
ATLAS OF BALLAST WATER LO
Stonecutters Island, July, 2021.”
Google Earth Pro. “Italy, La Spezia Container Terminal, May, 2017.” Accessed March 13, 2022.
Feburary, 2021.” Accessed March 13,
Google Earth Pro. “Norway, Bergen Port, May, 2021.” Accessed March 13, 2022.
pore Port, July, 2021.” Accessed
Google Earth Pro. “South Korea, Busan Port, September, 2018.” Accessed March 13th , 2022.
OADING & DISCHARGE PORTS
NASA Earth Observatory. “Phytoplankton Bloom, Alaska, 2014.” Accessed March 13, 2022. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/
NASA Earth Observatory. “Phytoplank Accessed March 13, 2022. https://eart
NASA Earth Observatory. “Phytoplankton Bloom, Ross Sea, 2011.” Accessed March 13, 2022. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/
NASA Earth Observatory. “Phytoplank Accessed March 13, 2022. https://eart
NASA Earth Observatory. “Solar Evaporation Ponds, U.S., Utah.” Accessed March 13, 2022. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/
NASA Earth Observatory. “Solar Evapo Australia.” Accessed March 13, 2022. h
ATLAS OF THE COLOR OF MICRO-O
kton Bloom, Gulf of Alaska, 2016.” thobservatory.nasa.gov/
NASA Earth Observatory. “Phytoplankton Bloom, West Africa, 2002.” Accessed March 13, 2022. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/
kton Bloom, South Atlantic, 2017.” thobservatory.nasa.gov/
NASA Earth Observatory. “Phytoplankton Bloom, North Sea, 2015.” Accessed March 13, 2022. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/
oration Ponds & Coastal Flats, West https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/
NASA Earth Observatory. “Great Salt Lake, U.S., Utah.” Accessed March 13, 2022. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/
ORGANISMS IN SALINE WATERS
40°0'0"W
30°0'0"W
20°0'0"W
10°0'0"W
0°0'0"
10°0'0"E
20°0
50°0'0"W
40°0'0"W
30°0'0"W
20°0'0"W
10°0'0"W
0°0'0"
10°0'0"E
20°0
30°0'0"S
20°0'0"S
10°0'0"S
0°0'0"
10°0'0"N
20°0'0"N
30°0'0"N
50°0'0"W
Garcia H.E., T.P. Boyer, O.K. Baranova, R.A. Locarnini, A.V. Mishonov, A. Grodsky, C.R. Paver, K.W. Weathers, I.V. Smolyar, J.R. Reagan, D. Seidov, M.M. Zweng (2019). World Ocean Atlas 2018: Product Documentation. A. Mishonov, Technical Editor.
LEGEND URBAN POPULATION
0 - 100000
100001 - 1000000
URBAN POPULATIO
0'0"E
40°0'0"E
50°0'0"E
60°0'0"E
70°0'0"E
80°0'0"E
90°0'0"E
60°0'0"E
70°0'0"E
80°0'0"E
90°0'0"E
20°0'0"N
30°0'0"N
30°0'0"E
20°0'0"S
10°0'0"S
0°0'0"
10°0'0"N
Djibouti
30°0'0"S
0'0"E
30°0'0"E
40°0'0"E
ON IN AFRICA, 1950
50°0'0"E
40°0'0"W
30°0'0"W
20°0'0"W
10°0'0"W
0°0'0"
10°0'0"E
20°0
50°0'0"W
40°0'0"W
30°0'0"W
20°0'0"W
10°0'0"W
0°0'0"
10°0'0"E
20°0
30°0'0"S
20°0'0"S
10°0'0"S
0°0'0"
10°0'0"N
20°0'0"N
30°0'0"N
50°0'0"W
Garcia H.E., T.P. Boyer, O.K. Baranova, R.A. Locarnini, A.V. Mishonov, A. Grodsky, C.R. Paver, K.W. Weathers, I.V. Smolyar, J.R. Reagan, D. Seidov, M.M. Zweng (2019). World Ocean Atlas 2018: Product Documentation. A. Mishonov, Technical Editor.
LEGEND URBAN POPULATION
0 - 100000
100001 - 1000000
1000001 - 2500000
2500001 - 5000000
5000001 - 10000000
URBAN POPULATIO
0'0"E
40°0'0"E
50°0'0"E
60°0'0"E
70°0'0"E
80°0'0"E
90°0'0"E
60°0'0"E
70°0'0"E
80°0'0"E
90°0'0"E
20°0'0"N
30°0'0"N
30°0'0"E
20°0'0"S
10°0'0"S
0°0'0"
10°0'0"N
Djibouti
30°0'0"S
0'0"E
30°0'0"E
40°0'0"E
ON IN AFRICA, 2010
50°0'0"E
160°0'0"W
140°0'0"W
120°0'0"W
100°0'0"W
80°0'0"W
60°0'0"W
40°0'0"W
0°0
20°0'0"W
30°0'0"N
50°0'0"N
70°0'0"N
180°0'0"
10°0'0"N
Bahamas
Panama
90°0'0"
70°0'0"S
50°0'0"S
30°0'0"S
10°0'0"S
Liberia
160°0'0"W
140°0'0"W
120°0'0"W
100°0'0"W
80°0'0"W
60°0'0"W
40°0'0"W
20°0'0"W
0°0
Data Source: Melanie Frazier. Recent pace of change in human impact on the world’s ocean: Shipping. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity. doi:10.5063/F1NZ85ZN.
LEGEND LEVELS OF SPECIES INTRODUCTION low
midium
high
COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN OF VESSELS I
20°0'0"E
60°0'0"E
80°0'0"E
100°0'0"E
120°0'0"E
140°0'0"E
160°0'0"E
180°0'0"
50°0'0"N
Norway
Italy
Djibouti Ethiopia
Marshall Islands
10°0'0"N
30°0'0"N
South Korea
70°0'0"S
50°0'0"S
30°0'0"S
10°0'0"S
Singapore
20°0'0"E
40°0'0"E
60°0'0"E
80°0'0"E
IN DJIBOUTI PORTS, MAY 12TH, 2021
100°0'0"E
120°0'0"E
140°0'0"E
160°0'0"E
90°0'0"
0'0"
40°0'0"E
70°0'0"N
0'0"
Eritrea
Sudan
The R
Ethiopia
Garcia H.E., T.P. Boyer, O.K. Baranova, R.A. Locarnini, A.V. Mishonov, A. Grodsky, C.R. Paver, K.W. Weathers, I.V. Smolyar, J.R. Reagan, D. Seidov, M.M. Zweng (2019). World Ocean Atlas 2018: Product Documentation. A. Mishonov, Technical Editor.
THE URBAN AREA OF THE REPUBLIC OF
Yemen
Republic of Djibouti
Djibouti City
Somalia
DJIBOUTI & NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
Doraleh Multi (DM
Containers han 328000
Equivalent ballast water 82000
Djibouti International Free Trade Zone (under construction)
0
200 400
800
1600
3200 M
i-Purpose Port MP)
ndled annually: 00 TEU
r volume for 4 months: 00M3
Société de Gestion du Terminal à conteneurs de Doraleh (SGTD)
Djibouti Container Terminal
Containers handled annually: 640000 TEU
Containers handled annually: 1400000 TEU
Equivalent ballast water volume for 1 season: 160000M3
Equivalent ballast water volume for 1 season : 475000M3
RECIF D’AMBOULI
BANC DES SALINES
Djibouti City
Balbala District
Djibouti International Free Trade Zone
President Guelleh inaugurate Djibouti’s new international free zone, the largest in Africa, https://www.djiboutiembassyus.org/in-the-news/president-guelleh-inauguratedjiboutis-new-international-free-zone-the-largest-in-africa#slideshow-1
Balbala
District
Planned CBD in Djibouti City
https://dpfza.gov.dj/Djibouti-Business-District
SALT HARVESTING AT
https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20180711-the-djibouti-lake-posing-as-paradise
LAC ASSAL, DJIBOUTI
WATERFRON
https://www.ft.com/content/15aefce3-2e6b-4e1a-b480-bfc066f7d8dd
NT, DJIBOUTI
LANDSCAPE IMAGINATION OF LARGE WATER INFRASTRUCTURE
Picon, Antoine. “Urban Infrastructure, Imagination and Politics: From the Networked Metropolis to the Smart City.” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 42, no. 2 (2018): 263–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12527.
TEMPLE TAN
https://www.esamskriti.com/a/Ka
NKS IN INDIA
arnataka/Shravanabelagola.aspx
TWO RESERVOIRS
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/interactive-m
IN CENTRAL PARK
map-compares-new-york-city-1836-today-180947939/
GRAND CANA
https://www.voyagevirtuel.co.uk/chateau-
AL, VERSAILLES
-versailles/photo/versailles-parc-185.php
Google Earth Pro. “Quebei ( ), Shouxian, Anhui, China 598 – 591 A.D., Water storage pond for irrigation.” Accessed October, 2021
Google Earth Pro. “Lake Manhattan, C Croton aqueduct.” Accessed Novemb
Google Earth Pro. “Grand Canal, Versailles, France, Water feature & drain for fountains.” Accessed September, 2021
Google Earth Pro. “Menara Gardens, M water feature.” Accessed October, 202
Google Earth Pro. “Shravanabelagola Temple Tank, India Irrigation Tank, site for cultural practices.” Accessed October, 2021
Google Earth Pro. “Lincoln Memorial,
Central Park, U.S, Previous reservoir for ber, 2021
Google Earth Pro. “Agdal Gardens, Marrakesh, Morocco, Irrigation tank & water feature.” Accessed October, 2021
Marrakesh, Morocco, Irrigation tank & 21
Google Earth Pro. “Haridra Nadhi Temple Tank, India, Irrigation Tank, site for cultural practices” Accessed October, 2021
U.S.” Accessed October, 2021
Google Earth Pro. “Barrage de la Griotte, France” Accessed March, 2021
150°0'0"W
120°0'0"W
90°0'0"W
60°0'0"W
30°0'0"W
0°0
World Trade Center Memorial, U.S 40°42'42.10"N, 74° 0'46.04"W
Menara Gardens, Morocco 31°36'47.81"N, 8° 1'18.16"W
Lincoln Memorial, U.S 38°53'27.61"N, 77° 2'11.70"W
22°30'0"S
0°0'0"
22°30'0"N
45°0'0"N
67°30'0"N
180°0'0"W
67°30'0"S
45°0'0"S
Agdal Garden, Morocco 31°35'36.39"N, 7°58'34.70
Manhattan Lake of Central Park, U.S 40°47'8.77"N, 73°57'44.20"W
0'0"
30°0'0"E
60°0'0"E
90°0'0"E
120°0'0"E
150°0'0"E
180°0'0"E
Shravanabelagola, India 12°51'29.48"N, 76°29'11.87"E
The Grand Canal of Versailles, France 48°48'28.75"N, 2° 6'30.51"E Haridra Nadhi, India 10°40'28.80"N, 79°26'33.47"E
0"W
500 0
250
Barrage de la Griotte, France 45°45'35.85"N, 6°38'57.34"E
1000M
El Retiro Garden, Spain 40°24'59.67"N, 3°40'59.95"W
Menara Gardens, Morocco 31°36'47.81"N, 8° 1'18.16"W World Trade Center Memorial, U.S 40°42'42.10"N, 74° 0'46.04"W
Manhattan Lake of Central Park, U.S 40°47'8.77"N, 73°57'44.20"W
Lincoln Memorial, U.S 38°53'27.61"N, 77° 2'11.70"W
Agdal Garden, Morocco 31°35'36.39"N, 7°58'34.70"W
E 40°24
Shravanabelagola, India 12°51'29.48"N, 76°29'11.87"E
500
Barrage de la Griotte, France 45°45'35.85"N, 6°38'57.34"E
0
Haridra Nadhi, India 10°40'28.80"N, 79°26'33.47"E
250
El Retiro Garden, Spain 4'59.67"N, 3°40'59.95"W
1000M
The Grand Canal of Versailles, France 48°48'28.75"N, 2° 6'30.51"E
SPATIAL QUALITIES OF LANDSCAPE INFRASTRUCTURE
lightness
LARGE
chenhao.etsam, Chongqing.,https://www.instagram.com/p/CKbGRhcsoaw/
SPACE
Susan Sontag, “The Aesthetics of Silence,” Aspen no. 5+6 item 3, https://www.ubu.com/aspen/aspen5and6/ threeEssays.html#sontag.
POOR
https://atlasofplaces.com/photography/dam-and-man-in-savoy/
SPACE
“Lacaton & Vassal.” Accessed August 22, 2022. https://www.lacatonvassal.com/index.php?idp=37.
OBSCUR
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-08-29/miami-s-other-water-problem
RE SPACE
Vogt and Olafur Eliasson, Miniature and Panorama, chap. The End of the Hunt.
THE THREE BALLAST WATER INFRASTRUCTURES
Howe, Susan, and Woodberry Poetry Room . repository. 2010. That This. New York: New Directions Pub.
RECIF D’AMBOULI
PASSE O
USET
àc
BANC DES SALINES
on
ten
eu
rs
de
Do
ral
eh
(SG
TD
)
Djibouti Container Terminal
RECIF D’AMBOULI
PASSE O
àc
USET
on
ten
eu
rs
de
Do
ral
eh
(SG
TD
)
Jabu
Public Park & Salt
Djibouti Container Terminal
uuti
Production Island
Ballast Water Infrastructure serving Djibouti Container Terminal - Jabuuti, Dec., 2019
Ballast Water Infrastructure serving Djibouti Conta
Ballast Water Infrastructure serving Djibouti Container Terminal - Jabuuti, Jun., 2020
Ballast Water Infrastructure serving Djibouti Conta
ainer Terminal - Jabuuti, Feb., 2020
Ballast Water Infrastructure serving Djibouti Container Terminal - Jabuuti, Apr.., 2020
ainer Terminal - Jabuuti, Aug., 2020
Ballast Water Infrastructure serving Djibouti Container Terminal - Jabuuti, Oct., 2020
So
cié
té
de
Ge
sti
on
du
Te
rm
ina
là
co
nte
ne
ur
sd
eD
or
ale
h(
SG
TD
)
Djib
Sea Bath
bouti
hing Pool
So
cié
té
de
Ge
sti
on
du
Te
rm
ina
là
co
nte
ne
ur
sd
eD
or
ale
h(
SG
TD
)
A
B
C
Section A-A
Section B-B
B
Section C-C
C
Amsterdam, July, 15:00
Amsterdam, May, 15:00
California, May, 17:45
Djibouti, August, 18:17
California, June, 07:33
Djibouti, August, 17:55
GENERIC SP
Djibouti, July, 14:00
Indonisia, July, 10:45
Oslo, April, 08:19
California, June, 18:35
Djibouti, July, 14:00
Amsterdam, July, 15:00
PECIFICITY
Ballast Water Infrastructure Serving Société de Gestion du Terminal à conteneurs de Doraleh (SGTD) - Djibouti, Jun. 16th 10:00, 2021
Ballast Water Infrastructure Serving Société de Ge (SGTD) - Djibouti, Jun. 16th 10:50, 2021
Ballast Water Infrastructure Serving Société de Gestion du Terminal à conteneurs de Doraleh (SGTD) - Djibouti, Jun. 16th 12:30, 2021
Ballast Water Infrastructure Serving Société de Ge (SGTD) - Djibouti, Jun. 16th 13:20, 2021
estion du Terminal à conteneurs de Doraleh
Ballast Water Infrastructure Serving Société de Gestion du Terminal à conteneurs de Doraleh (SGTD) - Djibouti, Jun. 16th 11:40, 2021
estion du Terminal à conteneurs de Doraleh
Ballast Water Infrastructure Serving Société de Gestion du Terminal à conteneurs de Doraleh (SGTD) - Djibouti, Jun. 16th 14:10, 2021
Do
P)
e Port (DM
i-Purpos raleh Mult
Do
P)
e Port (DM
i-Purpos raleh Mult
Djib
Lab of Plane
bouti
etary Ecology
Ballast Water Infrastructure Serving Doreleh Multi-Purporse Port - Yibuuti, Jan. 1st, 2021
Ballast Water Infrastructure Serving Doreleh Multi-
Ballast Water Infrastructure Serving Doreleh Multi-Purporse Port - Yibuuti, Apr., 2021
Ballast Water Infrastructure Serving Doreleh Multi-
-Purporse Port - Yibuuti, Jan. 15th, 2021
Ballast Water Infrastructure Serving Doreleh Multi-Purporse Port - Yibuuti, Feb. 7th, 2021
-Purporse Port - Yibuuti, May., 2021
Ballast Water Infrastructure Serving Doreleh Multi-Purporse Port - Yibuuti, Jun. 2021
RECIPROCITY BETWEEN FATHOMABLE AND UNFATHOMABLE
Corner, James, and Alison Bick Hirsch. 2014. The Landscape Imagination : Collected Essays of James Corner, 1990-2010. First edition. New York: Princeton Architectural Press.