Mr /Mohamed Fawzy Language Notes(unit 1) 1 – subj. + v. to be + the first / second / last / best … + to + inf ا اول ن Nabawiya Musa was the first Egyptian woman to go to high school.
– help ل with + ء
2 – helpل to + inf/inf.
She helped women (to) succeed. He helped me with homework.
3 – famous for ر = well-known for
Dr. Zewail is famous for discovering the Femto second.
4 – thanks to / - thank for Thanks to his courage, we could catch the thief I thanked Ali for helping me. 5 – have interest in = be interested in - interested to+ ر - interestingء They have a great interest in learning English. They are interested to learn English. They are interested in learning English. The story is very interesting
6 – other + ا
- others (ون ) اون ا
//
- another + (دة – زد )ا ا
Some people like English. Other people don't like it. I like this cake, give me another one. Some people like English. Others don't like it. 7 – bear (v.) – bore – born / bear (v.) – bore – borne Sami was born in 2007 / Your insults can’t be borne
8 – At the age o f= when was + ا
// In the age of
He won the championship at the age of 16. We live in the age of technology . He won the championship when he was 16. 9- succeed in + n / v.ing / manage to + inf. - He succeeded in climbing the mountain / He managed to solve the problem of his classroom
10- advise
ﯾﻨﺼﺢ
My teacher gave me advice.
=
give advice
=
ﯾﻘﺪم اﻟﻨﺼﺢ ﻟـ...
My teacher advised me.
12- see / hear / watch + object + ( v.ing ) Or inf. I have seen him talking about the Pyramids on TV. ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺪرك ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺪث I have seen him talk about the Pyramids on TV. ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺪرك اﻟﺤﺪث ﻛﻠﮫ
12- one of ( ) اﺳﻢ ﺟﻤﻊ+ واﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ → ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻔﺮد One of my favourite hobbies is reading.
113 – Verbs and Nouns Play Scoreز / Take Winز / Give Make Do
a game / a trick / a part = a role دور/ music / the piano a goal ف / a pointم care /advice/a test / an exam / money /drugs / a rest /a risk a cup / a medal / a prize / a game / championship advice / help / a party /a lecture ة / a talk / speech ب mistakes / discovery / progress / the bed / promise / a trip / noise work / job / hobby / exercise / homework / shopping / damage / judo / karate a quiz / housework / a favour / وف / ironing / a crime / wrong Gainى information / experience ة / weight / fameة/ knowledge Earn
Money / his living ت
14-Discover:( ن دا و ن ) -Ahmed Zewail discovered the femto second. Invent : د ع - Graham Bell invented the telephone. Explore : ء ف ن و - Columbus explored America.
Mr /Mohamed Fawzy 15- award دة ( )ة- – reward ( ) - She was awarded her PHD in 1985. The teacher gave Khaled this pen as a reward
(Unit 2)
1 – own He owns a red car. 2 – employ ظ employee ظ
owe …to() We owe much money to the bank. employer ا unemployment ا
☺The government tries to employ new graduates. ☺The employer had a meeting with the employees.
3 – go to prison ﯾﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﺴﺠﻦ 4 – in debt = indebted ن
go to the prison ﯾﺬھﺐ ﻟﺰﯾﺎرة ﺷﺨﺺ debt د debit ام
He was in debt as he borrowed a lot of money.
5 – live in
live with
live on ي او
He lived with his family in Cairo. Babies live on milk.
6 – work for او ي He works for an oil company. Doctors work on a cure for cancer.
7 – realize رك او
work out او
work on ر/
Can you work out this sum?
recognize ن او او ف
He realized that his wallet was stolen. After many years, we couldn't recognize him as his shape changed. 8- stop + object + from + v.ing Mr Brownlow stopped the police from arresting Oliver. 9- adopt /ة/)ط / adapt to – They are going to adopt a child / You must be able to adapt yourself to a changing world. 10- everyday (adj ) () every day (adv ) ( ف )ظ The internet has become part of everyday life./ every day I walk to school 11- Be born in +( /ن) // Be born on + ( ر )ا// Be born into + ( ) My father was born in Cairo in 1949/ She was born into a good family 12-On board= aboard (ة ط-) /// abroad درج ا -There are twenty passengers on board /// - I stayed abroad for seven years.
(Unit 3) 1 – brain (ء ا ا ) ا # mind م/( )اداة اا The human brain has two sides. We can understand what is on her mind. 2 - It takes / took + ل أو ا+ ة ز + to +ر ق It took me two hours to do my homework.… 3 – menu ط # list ءء او أ The waiter gave us the menu when we entered the restaurant. He gave me a list of books. 4 – voice نت ام # sound ء ت His voice is very strange We heard the sound of cars.
5 – remember ء م # remind+ object +of بُ I can remember my past well. This souvenir reminds me of the last trip. 6 – quiet ديء # quite + ( )ا # quit (وغ) – در
Mr /Mohamed Fawzy 7 – memory ذاﻛﺮة – ذﻛﺮي # souvenir ھﺪﯾﺔ ﺗﺬﻛﺎرﯾﺔ 8 – good at # good for # good to ف He is good at remembering names. This place is good for your health. He is good to the poor. 9- can = be able to + inf =be capable of + v ing = have the ability t +inf در - I can answer any difficult question. / I am capable of answering any difficult question 10- make + ل + ر ا أو أو ا Her success made us happy. / - The policeman made the tourist pay a fine 11- With + (n.) , you can + (inf.) = (n.) + enable + object + to + (inf.) ﺗﻤﻜﻨﺎ With the eyes, we can see.
=
The eyes enable us to see.
(Unit 4) 1 – National ﻗﻮﻣﻰ # international دوﻟﻰ # local ﻣﺤﻠﻰ The government is doing a national census. He will play his 90 international match. This belongs to our village, it is local. 2 – percent ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺔ # percentage ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﯾﺔ # ratio --- ﻣﻌﺪل او ﻧﺴﺒﺔ – اﻟﻰ Cairo has 20 percent of the population. The ratio of nurses to doctors is 3:1. 3 – It is (not) + ﺻﻔﺔ+ for + ﻣﻔﻌﻮل+ to + ﻣﺼﺪر It is not easy for the government to know the population. 4– massive ﺿﺨﻢ massﻛﺘﻠﺔ/ﻋﺪد ﻛﺒﯿﺮ Cairo is a massive city./ the state should find solutions to the problem of mass unemployment
5 – a long طﻮﯾﻞ # along ﺑﻄﻮل او ﺑﻤﺤﺎذاة It is a long way to go on foot. There are many trees along the Nile. 6– cross ﯾﻌﺒﺮ # across ﻓﻲ اﻧﺤﺎء-ﻋﺒﺮ He tried to cross the borders but failed. They will visit the houses across Egypt. 7 – complete a form= fill in a form ﯾﻤﻸ اﺳﺘﻤﺎرة You should complete this form. 8 – member ﻋﻀﻮ او ﻓﺮد ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ # organ ﻋﻀﻮ ﻣﻦ اﻋﻀﺎء اﻟﺠﺴﻢ There are four members in our family. The heart is an important organ. 9 – prove ﯾﺜﺒﺖ او ﯾﺒﺮھﻦ # improve ﯾﺤﺴﻦ او ﯾﻄﻮر He tried to prove his point of view. The government does its best to improve schools. 10- spend + ة ز + v. ing و # - spend + + on + v. ing/nounل . - He spent two hours playing the piano.
//- He spent a lot of money on clothing
11- outskirts ( ﺿﻮاﺣﻲ ) ﻋﻠﻲ أطﺮاف اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ
- districts
( أﺣﯿﺎء ) ﻓﻲ وﺳﻂ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ
(Unit 5)
1 – favour ﺟﻤﯿﻞ- ﻣﻌﺮوف# favourite ﻣﻔﻀﻞ# favoured ﻣﻮھﻮب# Favourable – ﻣﻔﺮح Can you do me a favour? Football is my favourite sport? He is favoured at singing. She heard favourable news, she must be happy.
2 – put away ﯾﻀﻊ اﻟﺸﻲء ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ# put off ﯾﺆﺟﻞ
# put out ﯾﻄﻔﻲء
Put your books away. Don't put off today's work until tomorrow 3 – row ﺻﻒ # queue طﺎﺑﻮر They are sitting side to side in a row. People are waiting in a queue to book the tickets.
4- currant
ﻋﻨﺐ ﻣﺠﻔﻒ
- current
5- at the end of ( ﻓﻠﻴﻢ )ﺍﺳﻢ/ﻓﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺷﻰ
####
( ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﺗﯿﺎر )ﻣﺎء – ھﻮاء – ﻛﮭﺮﺑﺎء in the end = finally ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ/ﺍﺧﲑﺍ
Mr /Mohamed Fawzy My house is at the end of this street. We went shopping and visited some friends. In the end, we went home.
(Unit 6)
1 – special س ا او ط ص # private او ص او Doctors and nurses wear special uniform. Our house has a private garden. 2 – electric رة ز او او ا ء #electrical لص وا ا I need electric wires. /// electric car cause no pollution to the environment # The fire started with an electrical fault. He is an electrical engineer.
3 – affect ﯾﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ = have / has a/an+ ﺻﻔﺔ+ effect on---Smoking affects our health badly. Smoking has a bad effect on our health. 4 – result in= lead to ﯾﺆدي اﻟﻰ # result from ﯾﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﻦ او ﻋﻦ Smoking results in/leads to cancer. Cancer results from smoking. 5 – blame ﺷﺨﺺfor )ﯾﻠﻮم ﻋﻠﻰ( ﺷﻲء # blame ﺷﻲءon ﯾﻠﻘﻰ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺔ ﺷﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ( ﺷﺧص They blamed Ali for the theft. They blamed the theft on Ali. 6 – ﻣﻔﻌﻮلneed(s) to be + p.p or (ing) ﯾﺣﺗﺎج ان The car needs to be mended. = The car needs mending. 7 – suggest + V + ing = suggest that + ﻓﺎﻋﻞ+ should + ﻣﺼﺪر ﯾﻘﺗرح He suggested spending the holiday in Hurghada. He suggested that they should spend the holiday in Hurghada. 8 – for ﻣﻊ # against ﺿﺪ Some people are for genetic engineering, others are against it. )ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻠﺘﮭﺪﯾﺪ و ﯾﺄﺗﻰ ﻗﺒﻠﮭﺎ ﺻﯿﻐﺔ أﻣﺮ أو ﻧﺼﯿﺤﺔ و ﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺑﺴﯿﻂ( و إﻻ 9- or / otherwise: - Take your umbrella or you'll get wet.
(Unit 7) 1 – infect ُﯾﻌﺪ#infection ﻋﺪوى# infected ﻣﻠﻮث ﺑﻌدوى ﻟﻠﺟرح/ ﻣﺼﺎب# infectious ُﻣﻌﺪيﻟﻼﻣراض After the operation the wound became infected Malaria is an infectious disease. 2 – die of/from ﯾﻣوت ﺑﺳﺑب ﻣرض أو ﺟوع أو ﻋطشdie away ﯾﺧﺗﻔﻲ/ ﯾزول# die out ﯾﻨﻘﺮض She died of/from cancer last. Dinosaurs died out millions of years ago. 3 – hygiene اﻟﻨﻈﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺸﺨﺼﯿﺔ# sanitation اﻟﻨﻈﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ Hygiene is your own cleanliness. Sanitation is public cleanliness. 4– outbreak (ﺣﺮب/ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر)ﻣﺮض/ ﺗﻔﺸﻲ# break out ﺗﻨﺪﻟﻊ ﻛﺤﺮب او ﺣﺮﯾﻖ The recent bird flu outbreak was in Cairo. The fire broke out from the kitchen. 5 – weather ﺣﺎﻟﮫ اﻟﺠﻮ ﻟﻤﺪة ﻗﺼﯿﺮة # climate ﺣﺎﻟﮫ اﻟﺠﻮ ﻟﻤﺪة طﻮﯾﻠﺔ#atmosphere اﻟﻐﻼف اﻟﺟوي What is the weather like today? France has cold climate. 6 – allow + ﻣﻔﻌﻮل+ to + ﻣﺼﺪر = let+ ﻣﻔﻌﻮل+ ﻣﺼﺪر He allowed us to go out. He let us go out. 7- lie – lied – lied
ب/ lie – lay – lain –
/ lay – laid – laid
–
(unit 8) 1 – compare to ( ﯾﺸﺒﺔ او ﯾﻘﺎرن )ﯾﻮﺿﺢ اوﺟﮫ اﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﺔcompare with (ﯾﻘﺎرن ) ﯾﻮﺿﺢ اﻻﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎت Some poets compare sleeping to death. His parents always compare him with his friends. 2 – diary ﻣﻔﻜﺮة # dairy ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎت أﻟﺒﺎن 3 – wander ﯾﺘﺠﻮل ﺑﻼ ھﺪف ﻣﺤﺪد # wonder ﯾﺘﺴﺎﺋﻞ او ﯾﺘﻌﺠﺐ
Mr /Mohamed Fawzy The king wandered alone in the forest. ﻛﻔﯾل/راﻋﻰ 4 – Patron
He wondered when I visited Aswan.
5 – decide to + ﻣﺼﺪر He decided to leave the house. 6 – angry with ﻏﺎﺿﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺨﺺ He was angry with his daughter. 7 – ashamed ﺧﺠﻼن ﻣﻦ ﺷﻲء ﻓﻌﻠﮫ
# decide on + اﺳﻢ She decided on her goals. # angry about ﻏﺎﺿﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻲء He was angry about his marks. # shy ﺧﺠﻮل ﺑﻄﺒﻌﺔ
Breadwinner Coca Cola is a well-known patron of several matches.
ﻋﺎﺋل اﻷﺳرة
He was ashamed as he lost his friend's mobile. She doesn't talk to her relatives as she is shy. 8- Theatre cinema stage 9-capture Arrest
ﻣﺳرح ﺳﯾﻧﻣﺎ ﺧﺷﺑﺔ اﻟﻣﺳرح ﯾﺄﺳر ﯾﻘﺑﺿر ﻋﻠﻰ
- King Lear will be performed in this theatre. - I haven’t been to the cinema for ages. - The actor was on the stage for hours.
- Two of the soldiers were killed and the rest were captured. the police arrested him for robbing the bank
Unit 9 a / the life of ﺣﯿﺎة ﺧﺎﺻﺔ
life اﻟﺤﯿﺎة ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ Life is sweet.
The life of our Prophet Mohammed is full of good examples.
It is + ﺻﻔﺔ+ for + ﻓﺎﻋﻞ+ to + ﻣﺼﺪر It is easy for me to cross the canal. aged 87 = at the age of 87 She married aged 20 = at the age of 20. communicate with people communicate in اﻟﻠﻐﺔ She can communicate with tourists. Most people communicate in English. – biography ﺳﯿﺮة ﯾﻜﺘﺒﮭﺎ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻋﻦ ﺷﺨﺺ اﺧﺮ autobiography ﺳﯿﺮة ذاﺗﯿﺔ He hired a writer to write his biography as he was illiterate. She wrote her autobiography herself. – later ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ latter ﺛﺎﻧﻰ او اﺧﺮ she later worked for an organization. – make up his mind ﯾﻘﺮر change his mind ﯾﻐﯿﺮ رأﯾﮫ
instructor
ﻣﻌﻠم : - tutor ﻣدرس ﺧﺻوﺻﻲ: - professor أﺳﺗﺎذ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻲ : ﺗﻌب او ﻣرض - illness/sickness - disease اﺳم او ﻧوع اﻟﻣرض - Learn to / how to + ﻣﺻدر - teach … sb. … to / how to + ﻣﺻدر (play / go/ do)
someone who teaches swimming / diving. someone who teaches privately someone who teaches at university. - She suffered from illness most of her life. - Cancer is a serious disease. - Helen learnt how to read using Braille. - She taught her (how) to read and write
play: (tennis / basketball / football / hockey / table tennis / soccer ﻛﺮة ﻗـﺪم/ chess/ cards)
ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﱴ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻭﺍﻻﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻨﺰﻟﻴﺔplay ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ
go: (swimming / water-skiing / riding / running / climbing )ﺗﺴﻠﻖ اﻟﺠﺒﺎل
ing ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﱴ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﺑـgo / have gone (been) ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ
do: (karate / judo/ kung fu /wrestling / athletics / boxing)
ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻴﻔﺔdo ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ