Chemogenetic Receptors There are many chemogenetic platforms based on GPCRs modification, such as allele-specific activation of genetically encoded receptors, receptors activated solely by synthetic ligands (RASSLs), genetically engineered receptors, and designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs). Among them, DREADDs have become the most widely used chemical genetics technology. There are many DREADDs activated by azizapine-N-oxide. They will selectively act on different GPCR signaling cascades, including activation of Gq, Gi, Gs, Golf, and β-arrestin. The most widely used DREADDs are Gq-DREADD and GiDREADD.
Fig.6 Evolutionary timeline of GPCR-based chemogenetic approaches listing the main corresponding tools starting with allele-specific engineered β-adrenergic receptors, RASSLs, and DREADDs.
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Chemogenetics