English Listening eBook V13.3 by Todd Beuckens

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1351 Hollywood Hits Goron, Win and Michael share their thoughts on Hollywood movies.

1) Goron says he _____ Hollywood movies. a) loves b) likes c) hates

Michael: Okay. Hello, my name is Michael. Next to me I have Goron from Italy and Win from Vietnam. And today we’re going to do discuss movies, and specifically, we’re going to discuss about Hollywood Win Michael Goron movies. Do we like Hollywood movies, what is typical in our own countries and so on? So we’re going to start with you Goron. Please.

2) Goron thinks some movies have weak _____ .

Goron: I will say that generally, I like Hollywood movies. They are -- if I want to be like without thinking anything, you just like lie down on my couch and just eat something and drink and watch a movie, I would choose like a Hollywood movie. They are pretty fun. They are well done. They spend – they have huge budgets for those kinds of movies. Like the last superhero movies now, there’s about Ironman, Spiderman, the Avengers, all those kinds of movies. The story or the plot is pretty weak but, you know, you have this like visual effects which the impact on you is strong. And you just think, or at least I think, “Oh wow, how did they do that?”

4) Win thinks Hollywood movies _____ .

a) acting b) action c) plots 3) Goron and Michael _____ 3D movies. a) love to watch b) agree about c) rarely see

a) are usually bad b) can be good c) are too noisy 5) It seems like they all watch _____ . a) movies often b) TV shows instead c) only Hollywood movies

Michael: Yeah. I will give like that example there. You have Avatar. You know, the story is – it’s a huge cliché. Goron: Yeah. We heard about this story for… Michael: I knew how the movie would end. But, you know, just going there to see the good 3D effect that movie had, I think it had good 3D. It really immersed you in this whole world. You know, you saw those flying things from the forest. Goron: Yeah, but if you think, it was recorded by a 3D camera because just the camera was a million of dollars. Michael: Yes, but… Goron: The other 3D movies are really crap because everything in post production. So you can tell, “Oh this is 3D?”

Vocabulary cliché It’s a huge cliché. A cliché is an overused idea or saying that once was original, but now is common. Notice the following: 1. Working from a café is now so cliché. 2. The phrase "Think outside the box" is now cliché.

Michael: Yes. Goron: I mean, it’s dark and you have to wear glasses. And if you already have glasses, it’s uncomfortable. So it’s kind of – it sounds – it seems like a technology that’s trying to steal your money.

immerse

Michael: It was a huge hype, I would say. They were charging more for it, and everyone tried to get on the 3D bandwagon. All the movies went into 3D and it became more normal for there to be 3D movies in cinemas than normal movies. But yeah, I agree totally with you. They went too far. Avatar was made, you know, from the ground up. The idea was to make it in 3D, and they really worked hard to provide a good 3D

When you immerse yourself in something, you become deeply involved with it. Notice the following:

It really immersed you in this whole world.

1. I loved being immersed in water on a hot day. 2. In the French immersion program, you live in Paris for two months.

experience. While those other movies, they’re… Goron: I guess…

hype

Michael: It’s just not the same.

It was a huge hype.

Goron: Technology is not ready yet, probably.

When something is hyped, it is heavily promoted or made known by all. Notice the following:

Michael: And I also agree with you that, you know, there is movies that you watch for the story, which are really good, and you love them. They don’t have to be 3D. They don’t have to be and you just focus on the story. And then you have the movies, like – you know, even Transformers with lots of explosions, lots of effects. It’s entertaining in another way.

1. The product was hyped on TV. 2. There was a lot of hype for his new book, but it was just a dud.

Win: I mean it depends on how we look at entertainment. I mean, some days you could – I mean, you want to watch something emotional and romantic, and then some days you just want some really easy stuff.

get on the bandwagon

But I’m just saying that Hollywood isn’t all about the blockbuster and effect-heavy movies. I think Hollywood have made some really good thinking, really good food for thoughts. And it’s not that all bad.

When people 'get on the bandwagon', they start to support something because it is becoming popular. Notice the following:

[End of Audio]

Speaking Challenge Q1

What do you think about Hollywood movies?

Everyone tried to get on the 3D bandwagon.

1. During the World Cup, lots of fans get on the German bandwagon. 2. Lots of people are getting on the Instagram bandwagon. go too far They went too far.

Is there too much sex and violence in movies?

What is a movie that is getting a lot of hype?

What is a movie line that is now cliche?

food for thought

When something is food for thought, it has lots of good ideas worth thinking about. Notice the following: 1. That book has lots of food for thought. 2. When she talks, she gives lots of food for thought.

1. Sometimes his jokes are offensive and go too far. 2. The movie was too violent. It went too far.

Hollywood has made some good foodfor-thought movies.

When something 'goes too far', it exceeds what people think is acceptable. Notice the following:

Do you ever go to the cinema by yourself?

Vocabulary Quiz cliché • bandwagon • immerse hype • go so far • food for thought

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

I love to myself in books. You can only on minimum wage. There is a lot of for this movie. The book gave me lots of . It is such a to be eco-friendly . All the fans jumped off the after the team lost.

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1352 Foreign Flicks Goron, Win, and Michael talk about foreign movies and the style of movies they like.

Goron: When I want to look something like more original, I started to watch some Korean movies or Indian movies from Bollywood, which are really interesting. I was fairly surprised. Try it guys because Korean movies are great. Are great.

1) He says _____ movies end badly. a) Indian b) Korean c) Spanish 2) Goron thinks Japan movies end _____ . a) like Korean movies b) happily usually c) with no message

Win

Michael

Goron

3) Goron thinks love movies have _____ .

Michael: Korean movies are good but the ones – the typical thing about Korean movies, they always end bad.

a) a positive effect b) a bad effect c) too much kissing

Win: They always end with cancer.

4) Michael almost cried to _____ movie.

Michael: Whereas Hollywood movies, usually there's always like it has a good ending.

a) a romantic b) an action c) an animation

Goron: And actually, Japanese movies do the same thing. The happy ending is not so granted. And probably many people like them for this reason.

5) They all seem to _____ emotional movies.

Michael: And I would say that even Norwegian movies, they try to, you know, go out from the norm that movies are supposed to end nicely. And that they have like a shocking ending. It's like reading a novel with a shocking ending that you wouldn't expect to happen.

a) like b) hate c) laught at

Goron: Because I think some love movies really have a bad effect on the real life because people are trying to have the same relationship that they see on the movies. And then when it's not like – love is not like that. It's not that beautiful. It's not like happy ending all the time. And so they…

Vocabulary granted / take for granted

Michael: Oh but…

The happy ending is not so granted.

Win: Yeah.

Things we take for granted, we do not worry about or consider as we should. Notice the following:

Goron: And then – and they are shocked when their real life – they see that they… Michael: But not all movies are like that. I mean, even animation movies like you've seen Up, right? Goron: Well, the plot is like they fall in love, they have like a nice time, and then the problematic moment. You know, they overcome like the difficulties, and then at the end, they live all together. Happy ending. Win: Well, that's the usual Western discourse of how you produce a movie. But I think nowadays, movie producers are trying to do a lot of different things from the past. Goron: Yeah, they try but basically… Michael: It's interesting to say because maybe why we prefer movies to have good endings and why we prefer them to be

1. We take clean drinking water for granted. 2. He is a good worker, granted he is always late. shocking ending They have a shocking ending. A shocking ending is very surprising. Notice the following: 1. The movie had a shocking ending. 2. All horror movies try to have a shocking ending.

very harmonic is because maybe we don't want to watch depressing things. We want the movie to give us a good feeling in the aftermath. Goron: To give us hope. Michael: Yeah, give us hope, give us like good thoughts. And you know when I watched Up for instance, which is an animation. When I just saw the first part of the movie, it really – I almost cried just watching it. I never cry to an animation film like that before. It was really, really touching.

happy ending It's not like a happy ending all the time. A happy ending is an ending to a book or movie that makes people happy. Notice the following: 1. The happy ending was so boring. 2. All romantic comedies have a happy ending.

Goron: Right. I cried to the Lion King. [Laughs] Michael: When I was younger, I cried to the Lion King. Goron: No, I still cry when I see that. Win: I mean it's good to be emotional. Goron: Oh yeah. When the movie is good, it's good forever. [End of Transcript]

Speaking Challenge

overcome They overcome the difficulties. When you overcome something, you succeed through difficult circumstances. Notice the following: 1. She overcame being a mother to become CEO. 2. He overcame his poor childhood to become a rich man. discourse

Do you like movies with a happy ending?

That's the usual Western discourse of how you produce a movie. Discourse refers to dialogue or language. Notice the following:

What is a movie with a shocking ending?

1. Political discourse is all lies. 2. Language experts study discourse.

touching Q3

What was a touching movie?

When something is touching, it makes people emotional, usually in a sad or happy way. Notice the following:

It was really, really touching.

What is a foreign movie you liked?

1. Her support was very touching. 2. His life story was very touching.

Vocabulary Quiz Q5

What is a bad movie you saw recently? granted • happy ending • shocking overcome • discourse • touching

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

The hero had to many difficulties. The movie was . It made cry. For me, is more important than action. With movies, we take technology for . All kid's movies have a . The ending was . I was surprised.

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1353 City Superlatives Todd talks about the best and worst of his hometown and the nicest places to live and why.

1) The nicest area is _____ . a) by the beach b) on a hill c) downtown

Sarah: Hi, Todd.

2) The Trans-America building looks like a _____ .

Todd: Hey, Sarah. How are you?

a) map b) egg c) pyramid

Sarah: Good. How are you? Todd: Not bad.

Sarah

Todd

Sarah: So I heard you are from San Francisco. Todd: That’s right. Yeah, I was born there and I lived in the city for many years. Sarah: Cool. What is the most interesting thing about your city? Todd: Well, San Francisco has many interesting things, but the most interesting thing is probably the architecture. There’s lots of very unique buildings. And the most unique building is probably the Trans-America building. It’s a building like a pyramid. It’s nice. Sarah: Well, that’s really cool.

3) Pacific Heights overlooks _____ . a) the bay b) a park c) downtown 4) The trees in Muir Woods are over _____ . a) 2000 feet tall b) 2000 years old c) 200 feet wide 5) The Sunset area is _____ . a) expensive b) cheap c) ugly

Todd: Uh-hmm. Sarah: What is the most expensive area in San Francisco? Todd: Well, it is very, very expensive. The most expensive area is a place called Pacific Heights, and it’s on the highest hill in San Francisco and it overlooks the Bay. It’s a really, really beautiful place.

Vocabulary architecture

Sarah: Hmm. Todd: That area by far has the best views of the city. Sarah: Hmm, what is the most beautiful place in San Francisco? Todd: Well, actually the most beautiful place is outside the city. It’s a place called Muir Woods. And it has the tallest trees in the world, and some of these trees are really old. They are the oldest trees in North America. Some of them are over 2,000 years old. Sarah: Wow. It sounds like some place I would like to see. So it sounds really expensive. Where is the cheapest place to live? Todd: The cheapest place to live is a place called Sunset. And Sunset is on the west side, and the houses are kind of old and they’re a little bit cheap. But one thing about Sunset is it has nicest view of the ocean, and you could watch the sunset every night. That’s why it’s called the Sunset area. Sarah: Hmm. If I wanted to go there, when is the best time to

The most interesting thing is the architecture. Architecture refers to buildings. Notice the following: 1. Shanghai has great architecture. 2. He studied architecture in college. unique The most unique building is probably the Trans-America building. Something that is unique is not like other things. Notice the following: 1. The city has unique buildings. 2. Coit Tower has a unique design.

visit? Todd: Well, the best time is probably in the fall because that’s when the weather is the nicest. It’s not too cold, and it’s not too hot. And it doesn’t rain that much. Sarah: So when would be the worst time to visit? Todd: The worst time to visit would be probably February and March, because February and March are the coldest and wettest months. So – well, March isn’t that cold but sometimes it’s wet, so it rains a lot.

pyramid It’s a building like a pyramid. A pyramid had four sides meeting a one point. Notice the following: 1. The Aztecs also made Pyramids 2. The cheerleaders stood in a pyramid.

Sarah: Wow. That sounds really great. I want to go there.

overlook

Todd: Yeah, you should. It’s great place.

It overlooks the Bay.

[End of Transcript]

Here, to overlook something means to have a view of something. Notice the following:

Speaking Challenge Q1

1. The house overlook the ocean. 2. His apartment overlooks a park.

Paris is by far the best city in France. Do you agree?

by far A1

That area by far has the best views of the city. Does your town have unique architecture?

Would you like to visit the pyramids?

We use the phrase 'by far' to show much difference in two things being compared. Notice the following: 1. Bikes are by far the cleanest form of transportation. 2. New York is by far America's best city. over

What is the nicest area in your town?

Some of them are over 2,000 years old.

Here, 'over' means 'more than'. Notice the following:

1. The meeting lasted over three hours. 2. It cost over three grand.

Do you know a restaurant that overlooks the sea?

Vocabulary Quiz architecture • unique • pyramid overlook • by far • over

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

The houses the ocean. She is, , the best student in class. I climbed a in Egypt. We drove for three hours. The in the city is very unique. Her style is very .

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz 1354 Soup for Supper Sarah talks with Todd about how she loves making soup and the what she does with the extras.

Todd: Okay. So Sarah, I see you eat soup every day at work. Why are you eating soup every day?

a) brings it b) sells it c) buy it 2) She uses _____ rice. a) white b) wild c) brown

Sarah: That’s because I love to cook soup. Todd: So you make the soup?

1) She cooks the soup and _____ work.

Sarah

Todd

Sarah: Yes, it’s very easy to make. Todd: So you cook it and then you just bring it to work everyday? Sarah: Yeah. I just make a lot on Monday and then I bring it to work everyday of the week. Todd: Oh nice. So how do you make the soup? What’s your secret? Sarah: Well, I like to cook very easy. So I buy meat that’s already cut up, usually, chicken and then some rice, usually brown rice and then I buy some vegetables. So after I bought the ingredients, I chop them up and I put them all together in water until boils and add some seasoning. Todd: Okay. So you say the water boils, so as soon as the water boils that’s when you put in all the ingredients? Sarah: Yes, that’s right. Todd: So you don’t put in the ingredients before the water boils. Sarah: No. I guess, it’s just easier for the water to be hot because then the vegetables and the meat cook a little faster. Todd: So how do you give the soup flavoring? Sarah: I usually add salt and pepper, maybe some garlic. And depending on the type of soup, either maybe some soy sauce or lemon juice. Todd: Okay. Do you put in the flavoring after you put in the ingredients or before you put in the ingredients? Sarah: Maybe after but usually, right about all at the same time. Todd: Okay. Sarah: So I just put everything in at one time. Todd: And then after you cook the soup, do you put the soup in the refrigerator? Do you let it sit outside? Sarah: I usually eat some right then, and I also put it in containers for the week. But I let it sit in the containers out on

3) She often adds _____ . a) onions b) garlic c) celery 4) She lets it sit until it _____ . a) gets cold b) is room temperature c) hardens 5) She usually makes enough for _____ bowls. a) three b) six c) nine

Vocabulary seasoning I add some seasoning. Seasoning is spices and flavors added to food. Notice the following: 1. This soup needs more seasoning. 2. Do you add seasoning? ingredients You don’t put in the ingredients before the water boils. Ingredients are the food items you add to food. Notice the following: 1. What ingredients are in the soup? 2. We only use fresh ingredients.

the counter for a while for it to cool before I put in the refrigerator. Todd: All right. And so, you don’t put it in the refrigerator until it is cool? Sarah: Until it’s about room temperature. Todd: Okay, nice. And then how do you heat it up? Do you heat it up in a pot or do you heat it up in the microwave? Sarah: In the microwave. It’s the easiest.

container I put it in containers for the week. Here, a container is a box with a lid that holds items. Notice the following: 1. Put the food in the containers. 2. I do not like to use plastic containers.

Todd: Yeah. Nice. So you make enough for five meals? Sarah: Maybe, sometimes. If I think I will get tired of eating it during the week then maybe I’ll just make enough for three or four meals. But if it’s some kind that I think is really delicious and I know I want to eat it everyday, then I’ll make a lot. Todd: Well, if that happens, when you make the soup, you can make it for six or seven and give me a bowl. Sarah: Okay. I’ll do that next time. Todd: Oh great. Thanks.

let it sit I let it sit in the containers When you let some food sit, you leave it out before you eat it or put it in the refrigerator. Notice the following: 1. Let the soup sit and cool for awhile. 2. If you let it sit too long, it will get cold.

[End of Transcript] heat it up

Speaking Challenge Q1

Can you make soup?

You heat up food to make it warm enough to eat. Notice the following: 1. Are you hungry? I can heat up some chili. 2. It takes just minutes to heat up in the microwave.

How do you heat it up?

Do you add lots of seasoning to your food?

get tired of

I will get tired of eating it .

When you get tired of doing something, you do not want to do it anymore. Notice the following:

Do you ever get tired of eating rice?

1. I am getting tired of waiting. 2. On my diet, I got tired of eating lettuce every day.

Do you often save food in plastic containers?

Vocabulary Quiz

container • ingredients • seasoning heat up • let it sit • get tired of Can you heat up food at your work or school?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

This soup has only healthy . I watching commercials. It tastes bland. Add some . There is some leftovers in a plastic . Do you want me to some water for tea? 6. This is too hot to eat. I would .

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1355 Proud Papa Jeremy talks about being a father for the first time and the joys of being a dad.

a) misses b) does not miss c) still likes 2) His son like to _____ over and over.

Michael: Abidemi: Jeremy, I heard you have a new baby. Congrats on that.

a) play games b) pull his hair c) change channels

Jeremy: Thanks. Abidemi: So how has fatherhood changed you in any way?

1) He _____ going out at night.

Abidemi Jeremy

Jeremy: You know, it's changed me probably in every way. You know, when you think of how your life is different, it's basically from when you wake up until – well, you eventually get to go to sleep. Everything is different. But, you know, everything about it is positive, even things that you'd think would annoy you actually aren't really that annoying. Like having a toddler come and wake you up at 6 o'clock in the morning when you've got a cold and you've taken a bunch of sleeping medication the night before, like which happened this morning. And even that, having a toddler wake you up and just looking at you and laughing, it's awesome. It really is awesome. So, you know, I always kind of worried before when I was thinking about having a kid about all these things – oh, I can't go out at night or I'm going to have to wake up so early in the morning and I'm going to be woken up in the middle of the night by a screaming child. All of that stuff really doesn't bother me. It just, you know, it's part of the experience and yeah, sometimes maybe I'd like to sleep a little bit longer. But yeah, waking up and then having a little guy sit on my lap while he plays with the remote control and changes channels over and over again, I mean, that's somehow a very, very enjoyable experience. But, you know, you get to see a little person change everyday and start figuring things out. And of course, every person, every parent thinks that their child is the smartest child in the world. He can turn off and on the light switch, you know, but it's those types of things that you just marvel at. So, you know, I can say like most people that it's everything about it is very positive. But it's often just the really, really small things that make you appreciate this little wonder. Abidemi: And looking back on the experience now, what are some things that you would wish that you had known before your little boy came along? Jeremy: Yeah, it's a good question. You know, I was so stressed out for the first couple of weeks after he was born. And from the moment he was born until he came back home, and then for the first number of weeks that we was home, we basically just hovered over him for weeks. And, you know, of course, you have to protective and careful of a new born baby. But not everything was as serious as we thought it was. And, you know, crying – we were worried about waking up our

3) He was stressed out _____ he was born. a) before b) right after c) long after 4) He tended to _____ his son. a) dream about b) wake up c) hover over 5) He says kids need _____ . a) their diapers changed b) lots of feeding c) to see a doctor

Vocabulary marvel at It's those types of things that you just marvel at. When you marvel at something, you appreciate it with great admiration. Notice the following: 1. At night, I just marvel at the stars. 2. He marveled at her accomplishments. stressed out I was so stressed out. When you are stressed out, you feel a lot of pressure to do something. Notice the following: 1. I feel stressed out in college. 2. Lots of workers get stressed out.

neighbors or we're worrying that, you know, something was seriously wrong. Babies cry. And if you really get stressed out about it then you're going to make your life miserable. So, you know, having done it once, just realizing that, you know, kids cry, kids get sick, kids throw up, kids need their nappies changed, I would just take a deep breath if I have to do it again and just realize, okay, this is just part of the experience. And you just got to roll with it. Abidemi: Okay. That's great.

Speaking Challenge

hover over We basically just hovered over him for weeks. When you hover over someone, you stand over them and watch them carefully. Notice the following: 1. Mothers tend to hover over their children. 2. The teacher hovered over the student. throw up

Are you stressed out about money?

People often throw up their food when they are very sick. Notice the following:

Kids throw up.

What is something you often marvel at?

1. I got so drunk that I threw up. 2. If I get car sick, I throw up. take a deep breath I would just take a deep breath.

Did your parents hover over you as a child?

When is the last time you had to throw up?

People often take a deep breath to help them relax. Notice the following: 1. Just take a deep breath and relax. 2. When you feel stressed out, take a deep breath. roll with it

And you just got to roll with it. Q5

When big changes happens in life, can you roll with it?

When you roll with something, you do not let it bother you. Notice the following: 1. The teacher gave a surprise test, but all the students just rolled with it. 2. Don't worry. Just roll with it.

Vocabulary Quiz hover over • marvel at • stressed out throw up • deep breath • roll with

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Relax and take a . When changes happens, I try to it. I like to the animals at the zoo. I am about money. I feel sick. I think I might . She tends to her kids to make sure they are safe.

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1356 Baby on Board Jeremy talks about the difficulty of taking care of a baby while taking a long flight.

Abidemi: So Jeremy, you mentioned earlier that you’ve been back to Canada with your baby. How was that experience? Jeremy: Well, I mean, until you fly with a toddler, you really never get to appreciate all of those times that you flew across the ocean, you know, watching movies or reading magazines or just sleeping on the flight because those days are over.

1) He misses being able to _____ . a) read b) sleep c) watch movies d) do all of the above 2) His son was too _____ . a) small b) young c) big

Abidemi Jeremy

Abidemi: Wow. Jeremy: I mean, it’s not that bad but when you’re on the plane, you say, “Never again.” I remember about halfway into a 10hour trans-Pacific flight, I thought, “Well, I can maybe do this every three years but not more than once a year for sure.” I mean, first of all, our boy was bigger than most children for his age. So he was about one year old. And, you know, they have these bassinets that you’re allowed to put your child in and, you know, the baby will hopefully sleep for a while. So the stewardess sets up the bassinet, we’re all ready to put him in there and then she says, “How old is he?” And he was 12 kilos, and this was for 11.5 maximum.

3) He _____ every moment of silence. a) dreaded b) savored c) lost 4) Who took two kids on the plane? a) He did. b) Her sister c) His wife

Vocabulary

Abidemi: Oh no.

Those days are over

Jeremy: And they wouldn’t let us put him in there, so they had to take the whole thing apart and basically, we had to find some way to have him sleep on our laps for the next nine hours.

Because those days are over.

Abidemi: Oh, wow. Jeremy: I mean, you know, one-year old like to crawl around. They like to scream, they like to cry. Other people on the flight don’t like that so much. So, you know, it’s basically every minute of silence you just savor and just pray that this will keep going, and it never does.

Here, the phrase 'those days are over' means a part of your life will never happen again. Notice the following: 1. I used to be a good athlete, but those days are over. 2. Before I got a job, I had lots of free time, but those days are over.

But, you know, once he falls asleep and the plane is quiet and they turn off the lights then, you know, it’s okay. But it’s too long. It’s too long for a one-year old. So I can maybe manage it once a year but that’s about it.

bassinet

Abidemi: I remember my sister, she has two kids and she told me a story a few years back when one of her daughters was still a toddler, and they went to Disneyland from Canada. And she said it was just horrible, and they would never do it again.

A bassinet is a small bed for babies. Notice the following:

And I just smiled. I didn’t have that experience. I was just thinking, “What could be so bad about it?” But hearing your story now, wow, I can only imagine. Jeremy: Well, I think that – actually most people, most passengers on the flight are usually quite understanding. And I

They have these bassinets that you’re allowed to put your child in.

1. The baby is sleeping in the bassinet. 2. This is their first child so they need to buy a bassinet.

think it’s just, you know, in the parents’ head that everybody is judging them, everybody is looking at them. Because, you know, I get so worried about what other people are thinking, that inconveniencing others that I just work myself up so much, and my wife is the same way. But, you know, talking – actually, we did have people say to us like, “Don’t worry about it.” They will just go out of their way to say, “Oh, what a cute baby” and stuff like that. So I think people were kind of aware of how stressful it is for parents. And they just – some people actually make an effort to make parents feel like everybody is not silently judging them or maybe not even silently. Abidemi: Okay. Not saying anything. If you had an advice, one advice to give to a parent that would travel with that child in the future, what would you tell them? Jeremy: My best advice is if you can fly in the morning. So after baby wakes up and you have your breakfast and your flight is maybe at, I don’t know, 9:00 or 10:00 in the morning, I think that works out if it’s a, say, a 10-hour flight because you’ll land it’ll be probably around bedtime, like his normal bedtime. The first time we did it, the flight was in the late evening. So basically, he’d been up all day. And then there was another 10 hours on top of that. So, you know, when we landed, the readjustment to his normal schedule was really, really difficult. But when we flew in the morning and it was a 10-hour flight, when we landed, he just basically went to sleep like a normal schedule. So that’s a small thing but it really makes a big difference. Abidemi: Thank you. [End of Transcript]

take (the whole thing) apart They had to take the whole thing apart Here, take the whole thing apart means you dismantle something. 1. As soon as he built the model, he took the whole thing apart. 2. If you take a phone apart, it is hard to put back together. crawl around Children like to crawl around. When you crawl around like babies do, you move with your hands and knees. 1. Babies like to crawl around. 2. Soldiers have to crawl around in boot camp. understanding Most passengers on the flight are usually quite understanding. Here, understanding means patient and sympathetic. Notice the following: 1. He was quite understanding of our situation. 2. Doctors need to be very understanding of patient's fears. in their head

Speaking Challenge Q1

Who is someone who sometimes judges you?

When a thought is 'in your head', that means you worry about it, and perhaps more than necessary. 1. My poor grades are still in my head. 2. Don't worry. It's all just in your head.

It’s just in the parents’ head.

Who is someone who is very understanding?

judge A2

Everybody is judging them. Do you ever get a song stuck in your head?

1. A lot of people judge him for his tattoos. 2. My mother judges everything I do.

When you judge people, you make opinions about them, often negatively.

How do you feel when a baby cries on a plane?

Vocabulary Quiz A4

over • crawl • take apart understanding • in your head • judge

Should parents let their kids crawl around on a plane?

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Babies love to around. I need to my bike. You lack of confidence is all . Before I was thin, but those days are . You should never someone until you know them. 6. Try to be of my situation.

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1357 More Ecuador Felipe talks about Ecuador, a region rich in culture with people with different traditions.

1) The Montubdios live _____ . a) near the ocean b) in the mountains c) in the jungle

Katia: Felipe, I want to ask you something that perhaps you can help me. I’m doing that paper of cultural diversity of Ecuador, perhaps you can tell me a little bit more about it.

2) Quecha is a language from _____ .

Felipe: Well, that’s a really amazing topic Katia Felipe we can talk about. Yeah. Well, Ecuador is really interesting because it has a lot of ethnic – many, many different ethnic groups. For example, depending on the regions, you know, for example in the coastal region, we have the Montubios ethnic group who have their own, you know, traditional language and food.

3) People from Africa came in the _____ century.

In the highlands, we have the Quechua communities, who speak, you know, Quechua, which is a language originally from Peru from the Inca Empire. And if you travel to the Amazon region, you can find many different kinds of ethnic groups such as the Huaoranis who live in the jungle, you know, in the Amazon region.

a) after the Spanish. b) about 10,000 years ago c) in the 16th century

And you also can find Afro-Americans, you know, people who came from Africa in the 16th Century who live in the north part of Ecuador. Though they don’t have the traditional language, they have traditional food and they have created their own, you know, music and many different traditions.

a) 3 b) 4 c) 5

Katia: That is amazing. How can that happen in such a small country like Ecuador, have so many differences, cultural differences?

Vocabulary

Felipe: Yeah. That’s because of history, you know, because if you look at the history of Ecuador, it’s quite diverse. You have that in the 16th Century, Spanish people came and they brought a lot of culture and this culture is now mixed with the indigenous culture because originally in Ecuador, some – I don’t know – 10,000 years ago, indigenous people have been living there. So that when Spanish people came, they both shared their own cultures. And also, you know, the Afro-American from Africa, they brought a lot of music and traditional culture from Africa. So that’s the reason why you have a lot of diversity. It’s really, really enjoyable, Ecuador. Katia: That is so interesting. Really, thank you for this information. I think it’s going to be really helpful for my paper. Felipe: Great. Okay. You’re welcome. [End of Transcript]

a) Venezuela b) Brazil c) Peru

a) 15th b) 16th c) 17th 4) The indigenous people arrived _____ .

5) He talks about _____ groups of people.

diversity I’m doing that paper on cultural diversity of Ecuador Diversity means a lot of variety, especially about people. Notice the following: 1. America is a land of diversity. 2. Diversity in the workforce is important. community We have the Quechua communities, who speak Quechua. A community is a group of people with a common connection. Notice the following: 1. The immigrant community is very strong. 2. I went to a community college.

Speaking Challenge Q1

Does your country have lots of diversity?

You can find many different kinds of ethnic groups. An ethnic group is a group of people from the same race or country. Notice the following:

ethnic group

What are some ethnic groups in your area?

1. There are many ethnic groups in Thailand. 2. We learned about ethnic groups from many places.

jungle Q3

What are some indigenous plants in your area?

A jungle is a forested area with hot, humid weather. Notice the following:

What part of your traditional culture do you like most?

1. We went camping in the jungle. 2. Lots of animals live in the jungle. indigenous

They live in the jungle.

Have you ever been in a jungle?

Indigenous people have been living there. Indigenous means originating naturally from some place. Notice the following:

1. This tree is indigenous to the area. 2. The native Americans are the indigenous people of North America. traditional culture They brought a lot of music and traditional culture from Africa.

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Traditional culture is culture passed on from generation to generation. Notice the following: 1. Most countries have a traditional culture and modern culture. 2. Young people sometimes do not like to follow their traditional culture.

Vocabulary Quiz diverse • community • ethnic group jungle • indigenous • traditional

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

We love to wear clothes. Many animals live in the . That speaks a unique language. These flowers are to the area. The city has people from backgrounds. 6. We watched a movie at the center.

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1358 Colombian Music Felipe talks about the music scene in his home country of Colombia.

a) America b) Mexico c) Africa 2) In Colombia even _____ can dance salsa.

Katia: Felipe, you know I like music very much. So I wanted to ask you about music in Colombia, in Ecuador. What kind of music do they have? Felipe: Well, if you go to Colombia, I think it’s, you know, it’s such a diverse country in terms of music. There is the – you know what is salsa?

1) _____ had a big influence in music .

a) kids b) tourists c) seniors Katia

Felipe

Katia: Salsa? I have heard of it. Felipe: Well, salsa is really popular in Colombia. And it’s popular because of the African influence, you know, because in the 16th Century, people from Africa came to Colombia as well, and they brought many kind of music. And this music, you know, mixed with the Spanish music. And now we have the well-known, you know, salsa. So salsa is popular in Colombia, and most Colombians can dance salsa, even children, you know, small children also can dance salsa. Apart from that, we also have many different traditional dances such Joropo and Bambuco, which are, you know, dances – traditional dances in the countryside regions. Peasants, you know, they have many – these different kind of dances. In the Amazon region, you also find traditional dances. So Colombia is, I think, like a really diverse country in terms of dances. Katia: That is amazing. What about Ecuador? Is it the same as Colombia? Felipe: Yes, it’s similar but in Ecuador, the indigenous people who are living in the highlands have, I think, a more diverse, you know, group of dances. So, if you travel to the highlands, you will find that people in Quito, which is the capital of Ecuador, they have traditional dances. And if you go to the south and to the north, you will find many differences. Traveling to the Amazon region is also a chance to know more and more different traditional dances. So I think in terms of indigenous traditional dances, Ecuador is more diverse.

3) Quito is _____ . a) on the coast b) in the jungle c) in the highlands 4) He talks about travelling to the _____ . a) Amazon b) islands c) desert 5) He feels the country is _____ . a) uniform b) diverse c) spiritual

Vocabulary in terms of It’s such a diverse country in terms of music. Here, 'in terms of' means 'regarding'. Notice the following: 1. In terms of music, my city has lots to offer. 2. Tokyo is a great place to live in terms of food.

Katia: That is so interesting. Really, thank you for this information. Now, I want to get more into music from Ecuador and Colombia.

I have heard of it

Felipe: Great. You’re welcome.

The phrase 'I have heard of it' lets the speaker know the listener only knows a little about something and would like to hear more. Notice the following:

[End of Transcript]

Salsa? I have heard of it.

Have you heard about Parkour? I have heard of it, but know little about it. Tell me more.

Speaking Challenge Q1

Does your country have highlands?

In terms of culture, where is a good place to live?

Have you heard of Tumblr?

These days, what are you into?

1. We are all influenced by our parents. 2. Developing countries are influenced by Western Culture. even Most Colombians can dance salsa, even children. Here, 'even' refers to something that is not expected to be part of a group. Notice the following: 1. The whole family danced, even grandpa. 2. All the stores, even gas stations, have wifi.

It’s popular because of the African influence. Influence means to have an affect on something. Notice the following:

influence

What foreign culture influences your country?

highlands The indigenous people are living in the highlands. Highlands are flat lands in the mountains. Notice the following: 1. Scotland is famous for its highlands. 2. The highlands are pretty but cold. get into I want to get more into music. When you 'get into' something, you become interested in it. Notice the following: 1. As a kid, I got into manga. 2. She is getting into urban gardening.

Vocabulary Quiz in terms of • heard of • influence even • highlands • get into

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

The In the city, I really want to He had a big He is rich I have never

are cold but beautiful. the old people go dancing. yoga. on my life. free time. that movie.

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1359 Her Life in Japan Antoinette talks about habits she has adopted in Japan and the one she hasn't.

a) recently b) a few months ago c) for some time 2) She likes utentils with _____ .

Warren: So Antoinette, you’ve been living in Japan for a while now, right?

a) salad b) small food c) pasta

Antoinette: Yes, that's right. Warren: Well, can you tell me, do you like to use chopsticks or forks and knives more?

1) She came to Japan _____ .

Antoinete Warren

Antoinette: It depends on what I’m eating really. For the most part, I enjoy using chopsticks. They are easy to use. I don’t have to worry about cutting anything. And especially if I’m eating Japanese food, which tends to be chopped in small pieces, small bite-size pieces, chopsticks are perfect.

3) She likes a bed in _____ . a) all seasons b) winter c) summer 4) She _____ to wear slippers in Japan.

But when I’m eating Western food or spaghetti, I prefer using Western style utensils.

a) usually likes b) does not like c) currently has

Warren: Oh okay, that makes sense. What about sleeping, do you like to sleep on like a Western bed or a Japanese futon?

5) It is easier to recline in _____ .

Antoinette: Actually, it depends on the season.

a) a Western bath b) a Japanese bath c) the shower

Warren: Why is that? Antoinette: Well, in summer, I prefer sleeping on a futon. It seems cooler than a bed. But in winter, I love a cozy, plush bed with lots of pillows and quilts or duvets. And yeah, I like to feel cozy. Warren: That sounds nice. Okay. How about having shoes on or off in the house? Antoinette: Hmm, I like to go barefoot – well, with socks. My feet get cold. Warren: Well, do you use slippers? Antoinette: No. Warren: Okay. Antoinette: I find slippers uncomfortable unless they are the kind that fit your foot. They’re not actually the correct size for my foot. Warren: Oh, I see. So Japanese slippers are a different size from you. Antoinette: They are one-size fits all and I just feel like kicking them off anytime. Warren: Right. Okay. How about, you know, in Japan, a lot of times people sit on the floor, but you don’t really do that very much in the United States. Do you like sitting in chairs or on the floor more?

Vocabulary plush But in winter, I love a cozy, plush bed. When something is plush, it is made with very nice material, such as wool or leather. Notice the following: 1. The house had plush furniture. 2. This chair is plush. duvet I love a bed with lots of pillows and quilts or duvets. A duvet is a big, soft cover for a bed. Notice the following: 1. The girl is hiding under the duvet. 2. It is too hot to sleep under the duvet.

Antoinette: I like both actually. Again, it depends on the season. The floor is so nice and cool in summer, and I like just feeling that coolness. But in winter, I want fabric underneath me, and I want cushions that tend to act – provide a barrier for cold wind. Warren: Right, right. Eating out is a little different, too. I think in Japan, you tend to share all the meals that you have but maybe back home you usually just buy one meal. Antoinette: That’s true. Maybe I’m a germ-phobic American – I don’t know. I like eating my own food. I don’t like to share. If it’s one huge serving plate that’s meant for several people, then fine. But I like just having my own plate of food. Warren: Oh, okay. There’s one more. What about having a shower or a bath? I think in Japan, they usually have like a detachable shower-head and you can shower yourself before going into the bath. What do you prefer? Antoinette: Well, I like showers, either way as long as the water is hot. Whether it’s detachable or not, as long as the water is hot, I like showers. And I like having water run down my body. That’s a pleasant feeling. But I also like sitting in a hot tub of water but not for too long. Warren: Well, what about the bathtubs because I think they are different sizes, aren’t they? Antoinette: They are. I like the fact that Japanese baths allow you to sit in water up to your neck. But I also like the fact that Western style baths allow you to recline in the water. Warren: Right. You can stretch out more. Antoinette: So you can stretch out, yeah.

kick off I just feel like kicking them off anytime. When you kick off your shoes, you take off your shoes. Notice the following: 1. Is it OK if I kick off my shoes? 2. I kick off my shoes as soon as I get home. run down I like having water run down my body. Here, 'run down' means 'move down.' Notice the following: 1. A drop of water ran down the window. 2. Sweat ran down her cheek. recline Western style baths allow you to recline in the water. When you recline, you lean back. Notice the following: 1. I hate people who recline their seats on a plane. 2. This chair does not recline.

Warren: Oh, okay. I see. Antoinette: That’s a hard call.

stretch out You can stretch out more.

Speaking Challenge Q1

Do you have a plush bed?

When you stretch out, you extend your arms and legs. Notice the following: 1. My cat likes to stretch out on the floor. 2. It is hard to stretch out on a small bed.

Do you ever recline your seat on a bus or on a plane?

Vocabulary Quiz plush • duvet • kick off run down • recline • stretch out

Do you often wear slippers?

What foods are best eaten with utensils?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

I home I like to my shoes. Can you on the mat? This house has carpet. The snow will melt and the hill. Do mind if I my seat? This bed has a plush .

Do you ever eat on the floor?

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1360 His Life in Japan Warren talks habits he learned when living in Japan and the ones he does not use.

Antoinette: Well, Warren, you know, we’ve been talking about the fact that we both live in Japan and that we’re both from Western countries. Tell me, how do you feel about Western eating utensils compared to Japanese eating utensils? Antoinete Warren Warren: Well, you know, even in Japan, they use Western utensils sometimes. But overall, I do like chopsticks. I think it’s very handy. It’s just easier to pick up certain things. When I first came to Japan and saw people eating salad with chopsticks, I thought it was very strange. But if I tried to eat it with a fork now, it’s actually very difficult to pick up things like lettuce. And I prefer using chopsticks for things like that.

Antoinette: When you first started using chopsticks, did you get hand cramps? Warren: Not so much because – I can’t recall when I started using them, but I actually, I became comfortable with them before coming to Japan. Antoinette: That’s good to know.

1) He usually prefers _____ . a) chopsticks b) utensils c) his hands 2) He likes to sleep on _____ . a) a bed b) a futon c) the floor 3) He usually takes _____ . a) a shower b) a bath c) both 4) He _____ wears shoes inside. a) often b) rarely c) never 5) He _____ to sit on the floor. a) likes b) hates c) longs

Warren: Uh-hmm. Antoinette: Well, what about sleeping? How do you sleep? Do you prefer a bed or do you prefer the Japanese style futon? Warren: Well, it’s funny you say that. At first, I hated the idea of this thin little mattress but I did find that it’s actually quite nice for my back. I actually prefer it to Western beds because it’s better for my back. But I don’t like sleeping on the floor. I like being higher up. Antoinette: So a high futon. Warren: If I could get like, you know, a tatami mat that’s raised with a futon mattress on top, that would be best for me. Antoinette: You know, I think I’ve seen things like that in the stores, platform bed with tatami. Warren: Oh, that sounds nice. I should look for that. Antoinette: Yeah. I should find one for you and point you in that direction. Well, what about bathing? The Japanese are famous for their incense and the way they bathe. So do you prefer a Japanese style bathing situation or a Western style shower? Warren: Well, I actually much prefer the Japanese style now. When I go back home, I find it quite difficult. I like to be able to clean myself before going into the bathtub.

Vocabulary utensils They use Western utensils sometimes. Utensils are forks, spoons and knives. Tools you use to eat. Notice the following: 1. I have only one set of utensils. 2. Do you have any utensils at work? recall I can’t recall when I started using them. Recall means to remember. We often use it to talk about things we do not remember. Notice the following: 1. I'm sorry. I don't recall your name. 2. She doesn't recall what happened.

Antoinette: That’s a good thing. I do enjoy that as well. What about the custom of taking your shoes off before going into a house? Warren: Well, that doesn’t bother me too much. Growing up in Canada, I always took my shoes off coming inside anyways. I don’t think it’s as much of a ritual in Canada but many people do it just to keep a clean house. But sometimes, if I run out and I forget something like my car keys and I want to just run back inside, I’ll tend to want to keep my shoes on rather than taking them on and off every single time. Antoinette: Okay, tell me. Confess now. Do you sometimes keep your shoes on and go into the house? Warren: Yeah, sometimes I have. But I’ve caught my wife doing it a couple of times too, and she’s Japanese. So I guess I’m not that bad. Antoinette: Hey, I don’t think so. I do it, too. What about sitting on the floor versus sitting in chairs? Which do you prefer? Warren: Oh again, I really dislike sitting on the floor. It isn’t very comfortable for me. I’m a little bit tall. I have long legs and I don’t seem to have a place to put my legs when I’m on the floor. Usually, my legs will fall asleep quickly and my back will start to bother me. So I prefer to sit up in a chair. Antoinette: Oh yes. I guess my last question refers to eating habits – well, meals and how they’re served. Do you prefer to eat meals that are served to you individually or do you prefer to eat and share your food? Warren: Well, that’s a good question but I don’t know if I have a preference. I like the idea of eating all sorts of different things, so it can be fun eating in a Japanese style sometimes. But there are times where do I like to just have my own meal in front of me as well. [End of Transcript]

Speaking Challenge Q1

Do you prefer chipsticks or utensils?

Do you prefer taking a bath or shower?

When someone says something that is related to a personal event, we use the phrase, funny you say that, to show the connection. Notice the following: I am really bad at math. Funny you say that. I just failed my math test. point you in that direction I should find one for you and point you in that direction. When you point someone in the right direction, you tell them what to do or where to go. Notice the following: 1. I need a bank. Can you point me in the right direction? 2. Sure, I can help you. Let me point you in the right direction. confess Confess now. Do you sometimes keep your shoes on and go into the house? When we confess something, we admit something is true that we should be embarrassed about. Notice the following: 1. Come on! Confess. You love Disney movies too. 2. I must confess. I eat junk food often. there are times But there are times where I do like to have my own meal in front of me. The phrase 'there are times' is close in meaning to 'sometimes'. Notice the following: 1. There are times I just want to run away. 2. I love school, but there are times I hate it.

recall • utensils • funny point • confess • times

Do you ever sit on the floor?

Do you prefer sleeping on a bed or futon?

Well, it’s funny you say that.

Vocabulary Quiz

funny you say that

Do you ever wear shoes in the house?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

It is you mention that. I do not that happening. Can I get a new set of ? I do that I very lazy at time. There are I do not want to work. Can you me in the right direction?

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1361 Mega Cities Win, Michael and Goron talk about living in maga cities that have huge populations.

a) bad infrastructure b) mega cities c) traffic jams 2) Rome was built for people _____ .

Paul: Goron: Hello, my name is Goron. I’m from Italy.

a) walking b) riding horses c) driving cars

Win: My name is Win. I’m from Vietnam. Michael: My name is Michael. I’m from Norway.

1) Norway does not have _____ .

Win

Michael

Goron

Goron: So today, we’re going to discuss about mega cities. So do you have mega cities in your countries? Win: Well, Vietnam is still a developing country, but we have several big city. The city I’m from, Ho Chi Minh City is – I think it’s the biggest city in Vietnam. And we have people flocking from the countryside to the city every year. And the population keeps growing but infrastructure is not capable of keeping up with the population, so we kind of have some problem right there. Michael: No. Norway does not have any mega city. But even so, we have problems with infrastructure. We have a huge car queues but they’re actually right now, they are doing everything they can to develop that infrastructure. And most of our capital, Oslo, is actually planned – well, it plans for the roads to all be sub-terrestrial. Goron: Okay. In Italy, the biggest city is Rome. It’s a really ancient city, as you know. And so for this reason, it was built for horses, for a really small amount of people, not five million as, I think, we have today. So the biggest problem in Rome is the traffic jam. Sometimes, it could be terrible, terrible. You can be stuck in the traffic for hours. And you just start to think, “Oh well, I want to get out of here.” Michael: Have you – do you have any kinds of rules or like there’s days, specific days where you cannot drive if your sign has this specific number or something like that? Goron: They tried to do that, but the drivers in Rome are really famous. They didn’t follow the rules. It’s really hard to have a car incident there. They’re driving like crazy. They are really stressed out about traffic jam and so they’re screaming. They’re horning? So it could be stressful. Win: Does the government try to renovate infrastructure of the city? Goron: The problem is like it’s really interesting because when they’re trying to dig into Rome, they find something, some monuments or something that’s from the Roman Empire. And they have to stop everything. So they cannot just destroy, you know, the columns or that they maybe, they find some new houses under the ground, then the…

3) In _____ people did not follow the rules. a) Rome b) Oslo c) Ho Chi Min 4) Micheal says they should _____ . a) break the rules b) dig carefully c) build a new city 5) Goron says urbanization is _____ problem. a) not a b) a big c) a new

Vocabulary infrastructure Infrastructure is not capable of keeping up. Infrastructure refers to things like roads and bridges. Notice the following: 1. The city should spend more on infrastructure. 2. Japan has great infrastructure. keep up We could not keep up. When you keep up with something, you maintain the same pace as others. Notice the following: 1. She is having trouble keeping up in class. 2. I cannot keep up with all these software updates.

Michael: Or catacombs. Goron: Catacombs, yeah. So really, it’s – and so this one, it’s really difficult to dig into Rome and build new metros for example. Michael: So maybe for Italy, it would be better to create like a new capital, like political capital like in Brazil where they have Brasilia which was specifically built only for the politicians. Goron: It will be much better to move the capital of Milan actually. I think that, but it’s too much history in Rome to just say, “Oh well, let’s move it out somewhere else.” Win: I mean, I think… Michael: Would you say that urbanization is a problem in Rome that more and more people are coming to Rome from other places? And what would you think is the reason for that? Goron: Not really. It was a problem some decades ago, but not now. Not really. If you can avoid the big city, you do. But as we know, the biggest opportunities that you have for work, for everything are in the big cities. So this is the main reason. [End of Transcript]

Speaking Challenge Q1

Does your city have good infrastructure?

We have huge car queues. A queue is a line of something waiting to move forward. Notice the following: 1. The cars all sat in a queue. 2. There was a queue to get into the nightclub. sub-terrestial It plans for the roads to all be subterrestrial. Sub-terrstial means below ground or underground. Notice the following: 1. The roads are sub-terrestrial. 2. Most water pipes are sub-terrestrial. follow the rules They didn’t follow the rules. When you follow the rules, you do what the rules say can be done. Notice the following: 1. When playing a game, you must follow the rules. 2. Good drivers follow the rules of the road.

queue

Do you know a good restaurant with long queues?

urbanization

Urbanization is a problem in Rome.

Urbanization is when people move from the countryside to the cities. Notice the following:

Do you have trouble keeping up with social media?

1. The country is dealing with urbanization. 2. We have urbanization because young people move to the city for work.

Do most drivers follow the rules in your town?

Vocabulary Quiz

Does your country suﬀer from urbanization?

infrastucture • keep up • queue terrestial • the rules • ubranization

1. With comes traffic, crime and pollution. 2. There is a long for the restroom. 3. Please follow . 4. The town has poor . 5. I cannot with you. Slow down. 6. The road is sub.

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1362 City Problems Win, Michael and Goron talk about social issues and problems with their cities being so big.

Michael: So how’s crime in the big cities, like in Rome? How is crime in Rome? Goron: Well, many people are complaining for the huge immigration. Like we have many Win Michael Goron foreigners and illegal foreigners actually. They come in with boats during the night, they’re landing, and we cannot control, we cannot stop them because Italy is in the middle of Europe. So from Northern Africa, for many like – I wouldn’t say underdeveloped countries but the countries that see Italy like the… Win: Dream. Goron: America or like dream, like opportunities, which is changing right with the recent crisis. Michael: It’s actually very interesting because we have the same problem in Norway. Win: I’m seeing the same problem everywhere. Michael: Because of the European economic agreement, it’s actually illegal to come and try to find work. But the problem is that people abused us and they come – they are just to, you know – beg for money or to steal money or steal things from others. And it’s really easy to pass the border without being controlled.

1) Michael says his city has _____ problem. a) no b) the same c) a different 2) They think _____ makes people do bad things. a) poverty b) peer pressure c) the police 3) Win says most people are born _____ . a) in the city b) outside the city c) in the summer 4) People flock to the city for _____ . a) family b) jobs c) fun 5) They all discuss _____ in their city . a) crime b) homelessness c) corruption

Vocabulary beg

Goron: I don’t think those people are bad. It’s like poverty makes you bad.

They beg for money.

Michael: No, I’m not saying they’re bad.

When you beg, you ask for something earnestly. Notice the following:

Win: Yeah. Goron: If you are desperate, you feel desperate, you do something that is, like we say, illegal. Michael: And that’s a huge problem because in the EU right now, there’s several countries which have poverty, and it evolves from that, I think. It’s really hard like to create, to make everyone happy and to – I don’t think it’s possible to solve the poverty matter. So what about Vietnam? Win: Well, the city I’m living in is very – there is no really people who was born in the city. I mean, I was born in the city but I have roots from everywhere. And most of the people from the city is like that. We They’re from everywhere from the country and the city welcomes them no matter what. So yes, we do have a problem that people keep flocking to my

1. Many homeless people beg for money. 2. The students begged the teacher not to give them homework. poverty Poverty makes you desperate. Poverty is the condition of being very poor. Notice the following: 1. There is a lot of poverty in the countryside. 2. Poverty is a big problem in poor countries.

city to find jobs, and we have crimes and everything. But I think the fact that we have multi-origin people is one of the facts that makes the city interesting.

desperate

[End of Transcript]

If you are desperate, you do something illegal.

Speaking Challenge

When you are desperate, you want something badly but feel hopeless in getting it. Notice the following:

Is poverty a problem in your country?

roots Do you ever see people beg for money?

Have you ever felt desperate for something?

Do you know where your family roots come from?

When you have roots from someplace, you have family there. Notice the following: 1. My roots are from Italy. 2. We have a lot of roots down south.

The city welcomes them no matter what. The phrase 'no matter what' means 'regardless' and means you can use any excuse. Notice the following:

I have roots from everywhere.

no matter what

1. She is desperate for love. 2. After I lost my job, I felt desperate.

Where do people flock to on the weekend?

1. You must finish no matter what. 2. They meet every year no matter what. flock People keep flocking to my city. Here, when people flock to some place, that means many people go there. Notice the following: 1. In summer, many people flock to the beach. 2. Young people flock to the mall.

Vocabulary Quiz beg • poverty • desperate no matter what • roots • flock

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

We have all over the country. I feel sorry for people who live in . The couple is to have children. I will call you . She is too proud to . Everyone will to the beach in summer.

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1363 New York Tips Antoinette gives some tips about things he can do while visiting her hometown of New York.

a) Yankee Stadium b) Madison Square Garden c) Carnegie Hall 2) Warren went to New York with his _____ .

Warren: Hey, Antoinette, why don’t you tell me about growing up in New York? Antoinette: New York. Warren, why do you want to know about that? Well, growing up in New York was lots of fun. I loved growing up in New York. I couldn’t imagine growing up anywhere else.

1) She played at _____ .

a) school b) mother c) friends Antoinete Warren

Warren: Really? Antoinette: Yeah, really. The fun things I did – well, lots of movies to go see but I guess you can see movies anywhere in the US. Anywhere in the world for that matter. I enjoyed being able to go to Lincoln Center for concerts or Carnegie Hall and even play in Carnegie Hall. So I did play in Carnegie Hall. Warren: Wow. Well, that’s exciting. Antoinette: Have you ever been to New York? Warren: I have. Antoinette: You have.

3) He was surprised how _____ the park was. a) big b) clean c) crowded 4) He went to the top of the _____ . a) Statue of Liberty b) Empire State Building c) Rockefeller Plaza 5) He has not been in New York in _____ . a) Summer b) Fall c) Winter

Warren: Yeah. I’ve been there twice. Antoinette: Okay. What did you do when you were there? Warren: The first time, I was with my mother. I was 12 years old. And we went to Central Park and we saw some museums around Central Park. Antoinette: You didn’t go into the museums? Warren: Yes, we did go into the museums. Antoinette: Oh, okay. Yeah. That’s my park, Central Park. How did you find my park? Did you like my park? Warren: It was great. I was surprised how big it was. Antoinette: It is a big park. That’s what I like about it. You can get lost in the park and almost forget that you’re in a city.

Vocabulary I can't imagine I couldn’t imagine growing up anywhere else. Here, we use the phrase 'I can't imagine' to show amazement about something. Notice the following: 1. I can't imagine living without the Internet. 2. I love my job. I couldn't imagine working for another company.

Warren: Yeah. That’s what I found really neat about it is sometimes I felt like I was in the countryside. But then I would see large buildings.

get lost in

Antoinette: Yes. Yeah, I enjoy that, too. Did you know that you could ride horses in the park?

Here, the phrase 'get lost' means you forget where you are because you are enjoying yourself. Notice the following:

Warren: No, I didn’t. Antoinette: Did you know about the skating rink in the park?

You can get lost in the park.

1. I love to get lost in a book. 2. It is easy to get lost in the park and forget you are in the city.

Warren: Yes. I’ve seen the skating rink on TV. Antoinette: Okay. What time of year did you go? What season was it? Warren: I’ve been there in the summer and in fall but not winter. Antoinette: It’s beautiful in any season, I think. I love Central Park. Warren: Yeah, me too. It was very – it was a memorable experience. Antoinette: I’m glad to hear that. What other places did you go to? Warren: Well, when I was older, I went with my friend and we went on top of the Empire State Building. Antoinette: Okay. I’m not sure if they allow you to go up there now. Warren: That was around 2004 that we went. Antoinette: Okay. Were you able to look over the edge? Warren: I don’t know if I was looking over the edge. I think it’s inside but you’re at the top. Antoinette: Okay. So yeah, things have changed a bit since I was a little girl. Warren: Did it use to be outside that you could go? Antoinette: You could go outside. There were these binoculars or I don’t know what they’re called but you put a little change in and you could see the city. Warren: Yeah. They had those as well. Yeah.

neat I thought is was neat. Here, 'neat' means interesting. Notice the following: 1. That is a neat shirt you are wearing. 2. I like your house. It is neat. memorable experience It was a memorable experience. A memorable experience is something we remember easily. Notice the following: 1. Living overseas was a memorable experience. 2. It was a terrible trip. Let's just say it was a memorable experience. look over Were you able to look over the edge? Here, 'look over' means to look down to the ground. Notice the following: 1. Don't look over the side. You will get scared. 2. Can you look over the wall and see what is there?

Antoinette: Okay. Warren: Yeah. We could see Central Park and you could even see the Statue of Liberty from there. Antoinette: Oh well, I’ve been there. Warren: Yeah. Actually, I never got to go. Both times I went to New York, we wanted to go to the Statue of Liberty but we didn’t have enough time. Antoinette: Oh well, you should plan another trip.

binoculars There were these binoculars. Binoculars are special glasses to see things very far away. Notice the following: 1. Bird watchers love to use binoculars. 2. Ship captains need binoculars.

Warren: I’d like to, yeah. Sounds great.

Speaking Challenge Q1

Does this city have any nice parks?

imagine • get lost in • neat memorable • look over • binoculars

Have you ever visited any famous cities?

Vocabulary Quiz

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Last night was a experience. I also go to this little cafe. I can't see that far. I need . Don't the edge. You will get scared. I can't how that must have felt. I love to old record shops.

What are some fun things to do there?

What is the tallest building in the city?

Q5 A5

When is the best time to go there?

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1364 New York Sports Warren loves sports so he gets tourist tips for New York about the local teams.

1) She says the baseball teams have _____ . a) a fued b) similar fans c) colorful hats

Warren: So, thanks for telling me about the ballet and all that kind of stuff, but I’m really more into sports and things like that. Do you know of any other things you can do in New York?

2) He already knows about the _____ team.

Antoinette: Oh, absolutely. There are a lot of events for a sports enthusiast in New Antoinete Warren York. We’ve got basketball. The Knicks play. They’re an NBA team. We’ve got baseball. The Yankees and the Mets play, and there’s a feud. Yankees fans hate Mets fans and Mets fans hate Yankees fans.

3) Who plays at Madison Square Garden?

Warren: Right. They have two baseball teams. Antoinette: That’s right. Warren: Wow. Antoinette: Exciting. We even have a Subway Series. Well, it used to be a Subway Series because the teams would play different stadiums for about a week or so and the fans would just switch back and forth from one stadium to the other. But I think they recently built one stadium for both teams. Warren: Oh. Do you think one team is more popular than the other? Antoinette: I think probably the Yankees, unfortunately. Warren: The Yankees. Antoinette: Yeah. My family was a Mets fan and don’t tell anyone else in my family that I said that. Warren: Oh, so I guess, they don’t get along with each other? Antoinette: Oh, not at all. Warren: Oh well. Well, I’m from Canada. I really like hockey. I know that you guys have the Rangers. Antoinette: Yeah. We do have the Rangers. They play at Madison Square Garden, so you could easily find, like, buy tickets to see a game there. That’s the same place where the Knicks play. Warren: Oh, they both play at the same place? Antoinette: Yes, they do. Warren: Maybe, I could go to a basketball and a hockey game. Antoinette: You probably could if you stayed long enough. I think they have different seasons, right?

a) baseball b) hockey c) basketball

a) Basketball team b) Hockey team c) Both teams 4) She has been to the arena _____ . a) just once b) a few times c) many times 5) In Queens you can watch _____ . a) football b) golf c) tennis

Vocabulary all that kind of stuff She likes the ballet and all that kind of stuff. Here, the phrase 'all that kind of stuff' refers to things that are similar to each other. Notice the following: 1. He is into history and all that kind of stuff. 2. I hate paperwork and all that kind of stuff. absolutely Oh, absolutely. We use 'absolutely' to mean 'yes' but with a lot of emphasis. Notice the following: Are you coming to the wedding? Absolutely.

Warren: Oh, do they? Antoinette: Yeah. Madison Square Garden is pretty big though, so maybe there’s more than one arena. I’m not sure. I’ve only been there two or three times in my life. Warren: Oh, okay. Antoinette: Well, we also have the US Open, if you like tennis. Warren: Right.

fued There’s a feud. A fued is a rivalry or arguement that goes on for a period of time. Notice the following: 1. They are having a family fued. 2. The two towns have a fued with each other.

Antoinette: Yeah. That’s held in Queens, not on Manhattan. Warren: Oh, okay. What about the US Tennis Open but there’s also the US Gold Open. Is that in New York as well? Antoinette: In New York? I don’t think the – is it? Warren: I’m not sure. Antoinette: I don’t think that the US Open for golf is in New York. I think – no, I don’t think that’s New York. Yeah. No. Warren: Okay. Have you seen tennis before?

switch back and forth Fans would just switch back and forth. When you 'switch back and forth' you alternate between two things. Notice the following: 1. He kept switching back and forth between two TV channels. 2. Sometimes I eat inside, sometimes outside. I switch back and forth.

Antoinette: Yes, I have. I saw Serena Williams play. Warren: Oh, she’s great. Antoinette: She is. Yeah. Powerful woman. Warren: Yeah. I’d like to see her play. Antoinette: Yeah. [End of Transcript]

Speaking Challenge Q1

Who is someone you get along well with?

They don’t get along with each other? When people get along well with each other, they enjoy each others company. Notice the following: 1. My sisters do not always get along well. 2. He gets along well with his boss. held That’s held in Queens. Here 'is held' means 'happens in' and refers to when or where something takes place. Notice the following:

get along with

Does you city have any sports teams?

1. The festival is held in March. 2. The game will be held on Sunday at the park.

Vocabulary Quiz Q3

What are two teams that have a rivalry or feud?

all that • feud • absolutely back and forth • get along with • held

Would you rather see the ballet or a basketball game?

Have you seen any pro sports live?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

You are crazy to think that. I do not my brother. I am not into kind of stuff. The game will be in March. Many fans like both teams and switch Real Madrid and Barcelona have a big .

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1365 His DoOver Adam talks about what he would change about his life if he could do it again.

1) He studied _____ . a) science b) history c) education

Sarah: So Adam, today we’re talking about do-overs. So what is something that you wish you would have done over? For example, maybe something in your university life?

2) He played football _____ .

Adam: Yeah. There are a few things. I Sarah Adam might change my major. I studied education, and while I enjoy what I’m doing right now, my free time I really like watching movies about science and astronomy. And if I would go back to school and start my studies over, I’d probably study something along those lines, astronomy and metaphysics or something.

3) He talks about getting a _____ .

I think that those topics are really interesting and on the cutting edge of science and just fascinating to explore. Sarah: Interesting. Anything else you wish you would have done? Adam: I might have been more involved in the sports clubs at my school. For example, the American football team. I played in high school but in college, I wanted to play but I didn’t have the motivation to push me over the edge to actually go out and really put my heart into it. I went to one training day and kind of tried out, but I didn’t really pursue it as much as I would have liked. I think it would have been fun to be a part of that culture and that environment. Sarah: How about something that you did do that maybe now you wish you hadn’t? Adam: I pierced my ears in high school because that was the cool thing to do. But now I don’t wear earrings. And yeah, looking back on it, kind of just a silly thing to do that I’m trying to follow the trends, that, you know, trends usually pass. So yeah, that would be something that I wouldn’t do again. Sarah: Nice. Anything else you would have changed?

a) in high school b) in college c) on a local club

a) tattoo b) piercing c) bad hair cut 4) He did not stay with his girlfriend because _____ . a) of various reasons b) she moved away c) she broke his heart 5) College love is _____ . a) serious b) silly c) crazy

Vocabulary along those lines I’d probably study something along those lines. Here, 'along those lines' means 'similar to' something already mentioned. Notice the following: 1. He hopes to create a new web business or something along those lines. 2. I want to build a house or cabin or something along those lines.

Adam: I might have made different decisions about my girlfriends at the time. I had a really good girlfriend in the beginning of college, and things didn’t work out because of a variety of reasons. But I think if we would have worked on it, we could have. We could have made it, made it happen. So yeah, that’s something I think about sometimes about life in college.

cutting edge

It’s always, you know, college love is kind of a crazy thing. So yeah, we’re too much like kids, I guess, I think at that age.

Those topics are on the cutting edge of science.

Sarah: Okay. Thanks, Adam.

The 'cutting edge' is the most advanced state of something. Notice the following:

[End of Transcript]

Speaking Challenge Q1

1. The ad campaign is on the cutting edge of marketing. 2. Punk rock was once on the cutting edge of music experimentation.

Have you ever tried out for a sports team?

push me over the edge A1

I didn’t have the motivation to push me over the edge. For motivation, who can push you over the edge?

Do you put your heart into studying English?

Here, to 'push over the edge' means to reach a point where success becomes likely. Notice the following: 1. We never quit. We pushed ourselves over the edge when things looked bad. 2. I did not want to continue, but she pushed me over the edge.

put your heart into Q4

Is your phone on the cutting edge of technology?

When you put your heart into something, you are very committed to making something succeed. Notice the following:

I really put my heart into it.

Do you have any regrets about past relationships?

1. If you do not put your heart into your education, you will not learn very much. 2. He never put his heart into his job. try out I tried out for the football team. When you try out for a team, you audition to be one of the players. Notice the following: 1. He tried out for the team, but was cut. 2. She plans to try out for the cheerleaders. pass Trends usually pass. When somethings passes, it ends or stops existing. Notice the following: 1. Babies cry a lot, but it is a phase that will pass. 2. All music trends pass over time.

Vocabulary Quiz pass • edge • heart try out • those lines • push

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

It should over time. He does not have his in the project. This is the cutting of science. She will for the team. It is something along . This should me over the edge.

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1366 Her DoOver Sahra talks about what she would change about her life if she could do it again.

1) She switched _____ . a) schools b) majors c) both

Adam: Hi Sarah.

2) She went into nursing becauase _____ .

Sarah: Hi.

a) it was exciting b) people encourged her. c) she loved medicine

Adam: Today we’re talking about do-overs. So if you had a time machine and you could go back to your college years, is there anything that you might change or do differently?

Sarah

Adam

Sarah: I really wish that I would have had the chance to study abroad. I chose the wrong major initially. I was a nursing major for two years, and worked really hard at a major I was really bad at. And then after two years, I switched schools and switched majors. And because of that, I had so many credits to take that I couldn’t study abroad or do really any extra classes that were fun.

3) She says art _____ . a) is her passion b) runs in the family c) does not pay well 4) She began ballet at age _____ . a) 2 b) 12 c) 14

Adam: Hmm, that must have been challenging. Where would you have liked to study abroad?

5) Who did not like her hair color?

Sarah: Really, anywhere. I’ve always loved to travel, so I would have been open to going anywhere.

a) Her sister b) Her friend c) Her mother

Adam: So you said you studied nursing, what would you have studied otherwise? Sarah: Well, I first went into nursing because everyone since I was really little told me that I would be a good nurse. So I thought it was my calling in life. And then after taking lots and lots of science classes, which I’m really bad at, I decided to switch majors to education. And then I ended up liking that major, so I’m really happy that I switched. Adam: Was there any other major that you would find interesting that you might study if you went back or you’re satisfied with education? Sarah: I’m glad I did education because I really liked that work wise. But if I had to go with things that I’m interested in, I probably would have been some sort of art major. Both of my siblings are artists, so it kind of runs in the family a little bit.

Vocabulary switch I switched schools and switched majors. Switch means to change from thing to another. Notice the following: 1. I switched the light off. 2. Please switch chairs with me.

Adam: What kind of art do you like?

otherwise

Sarah: Mainly dance, but I also was really into music growing up, so musical instruments and singing.

What would you have studied otherwise?

Adam: So, do you have any friends that were interested in art or dance that you had in those times?

Here, 'otherwise' means 'alternatively.' Notice the following:

Sarah: Not really. No, actually. Adam: Do you wish that if you were in a group of people that like the similar things that you might have pursued different interests.

1. I would think otherwise before doing that. 2. I do not agree. I feel otherwise.

Sarah: Hmm, definitely. I wish I would have done more with dance. I was a ballerina for 12 years. And I gave up on that when I was 14. So I got to the level where I either had to train professionally to do that for a job or stay in a class where the younger girls would keep moving up. And so at that time, I quit. And although I don’t wish I was still doing ballet, I wish I would continued some kind of dance. Adam: Interesting. Adam: So Sarah, any funny haircuts or anything like that? Sarah: Actually, yes. One week before I moved away to college, I cut my hair boy-short. And then after that, like during my first semester, I’d dyed it all different shades of red. And my hair has actually been pretty much every link and every natural-ish color. Adam: Wow. How did your friends and family respond to your red hair? Sarah: My mom didn’t like it so much. She thought I was going to die like a natural red color, but it was more of fuchsia red color. So she didn’t like it very much. But my friends and like siblings understood because I’ve always been very different and didn’t really care what other people thought about how I looked. Adam: How long did you like it? Sarah: For a while until I wanted change. I love change, so I’d always switch it to something else. Adam: Well, that’s great. Thanks, Sarah. [End of Transcript]

Speaking Challenge Q1

How many siblings do you have?

I ended up liking that major. When you end up doing something, you do something that was not originally planned. Notice the following: 1. We ended up going home early. 2. She ended up taking the job. siblings Both of my siblings are artists. Siblings are brothers and sisters. Notice the following: 1. Do you have siblings? 2. I have three siblings. runs in the family It kind of runs in the family a little bit. Something that 'runs in the family' refers to family members having something in common. Notice the following: 1. Being a police officer runs in the family. 2. Singing runs in the family. Everyone has a good voice. give up (on) I gave up on that when I was 14. When you give up something, you quit doing it. Notice the following:

end up

What talent runs in your family?

1. He gave up drinking at age 45. 2. I gave up watching the movie. It was too boring.

Vocabulary Quiz Q3

Have you ever given up a sport or hobby?

switch • otherwise • end up siblings • in the family • gave up

Would you like to switch jobs or schools?

What would you like to do over in your life?

1. 2. 3. 4.

I plan to jobs. She fast food for her heatlh. A love of comedy runs . I have three : two brothers and a sister. 5. If it rains, what do you do ? 6. I think we will staying home.

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1367 What can you do? Abidemia and Rory talk about things they can do, like cooking, and things they cannot do well.

a) Rory b) Abidemi c) Neither of them 2) Who says they are a good singer?

Rory: So Abidemi, let's talk about abilities. Can you cook? Abidemi: Yes, and no. I can cook a little bit, the basic stuff but I really like to eat but I don't experiment too much. So no, I'm not a great cook, but I can cook. I cook to survive. What about you, Rory? Can you cook?

1) Who says they are a good cook?

a) Rory b) Abidemi c) Neither of them Abidemi

Rory

Rory: Yeah, I can. I really like cooking. I love cooking Italian food. I also love baking. So I can bake cakes and cookies and bread, stuff like that. Abidemi: Okay. Rory: How about singing? Can you sing? Abidemi: I think I can sing. Yes, I enjoy singing. I love singing. I sing a lot in church, so I can sing. What about you? Can you sing? Rory: I can't sing at all. Like even when I go to karaoke, I'm too embarrassed to pick up the microphone. Abidemi: Oh, it's too bad. What about you, Rory, can you play â&#x20AC;&#x201C; okay, can you play an instrument? Rory: I can't. No. I'd love to be able to play an instrument but I can't play anything. How about you? Can you play an instrument? Abidemi: No, I can't. I really wish that I had learned something when I was younger. But I say I can play my voice. Ha, ha. Rory: That's nice. Abidemi: What about juggling? Can you juggle, Rory? Rory: Yeah, I can juggle. I can juggle with three balls and I can almost juggle with four. Abidemi: Wow. Rory: Like I can do it for about 10 seconds. Yeah. Abidemi: I can't juggle at all. So please teach me. It's always something that I've always wanted â&#x20AC;&#x201C; I wanted to learn. Rory: Okay. Can you speak three languages? Abidemi: Yes. I think I can speak three languages. Rory: Which ones? Abidemi: I think English is my best language but I also speak

3) Who can play a musical instrument? a) Rory b) Abidemi c) Neither of them 4) Who can juggle? a) Rory b) Abidemi c) Neither of them 5) They both can speak ______ . a) Japanese b) Spanish c) French

Vocabulary experiment I don't experiment too much. When you experiment, you try new way of doing something. Notice the following: 1. He likes to experiment in the kitchen. 2. I usually wear the same clothes. I don't experiment much. not --- at all I can't sing at all. We use "not at all" to show we have no ability at something. Notice the following: 1. I cannot cook at all. 2. My mom is good at dancing, but me? Not at all.

Yoruba, a Nigerian language, and I speak French as well. Yes. And you? Rory: Well, I can speak English and I can speak some Czech. I lived in the Czech Republic for six years. Abidemi: Wow. Rory: And I can also speak a little bit of French but it's very rusty.

would love to be able to I'd love to be able to play an instrument When you would love to be able to do something, you wish you could do it. Notice the following: 1. I would love to be able to sing. 2. We would love to (be able to) go, but we can't.

Abidemi: Okay. Maybe next time we'll have this conversation in French then.

as well

Rory: Okay.

I speak French as well.

[End of Transcript]

'As well' means the same as 'also' or 'too.' Notice the following:

Speaking Challenge Q1

1. I work and go to school as well. 2. He knows Bob, and he knows Mary as well.

I know some French. What about you?

some A1

I can speak some Czech. Do you experiment when you cook?

1. I know some Mandarin, but not much. 2. I know some people here.

What songs can you sing?

rusty My French is very rusty.

Can you play any instruments?

When you are rusty at something, you need practice to regain your skill. Notice the following: 1. My computers skills are rusty these days. 2. I speak Chinese but it is rusty.

Here, some means a litte bit, or not much. Notice the following:

What would you love to be able to do?

Vocabulary Quiz at all • experiment • would love to as well • some • rusty

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

I know Thai, but just a few words. I cannot speak French . I be able to do that. My German is but I can speak some. He likes to with his fashion. He can read Chinese and write it .

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz 1368 What are you good at? Abidemi and Rory talk about things they are good at and things they are not skilled at?

Abidemi: Okay, Rory, are you good at sports? Rory: Yeah, I am. I'm good at soccer, I think. And I run quite a lot. I'm getting faster. So yeah, I think I'm quite good at sports.

1) Abidemi says she is _____ good at sports. a) very b) sort of c) not very 2) Abidemi says she is _____ at math. a) weak b) average c) good

Abidemi

Rory

Abidemi: Wow. Rory: How about you? Abidemi: No, not really. It's something that I never really practiced when I was a child so I'm not really good at sports. But when people look at me, they always say, "You look like you can run so fast. You look like you can play all these sports." I can run, but I don't do it often or played so many sports. Yup. Rory: Okay. And are you good at math? Abidemi: Yes. I feel like I'm bragging when I say that but I enjoy math. And when I was in school, I did well in it. I think up to high school level math, I'm good. What about you, Rory? Rory: Yeah, the same. So I think I'm quite good at math. I enjoyed it at high school but I didn't do it after that. Now I help my daughter with her math homework, and yeah, I think I'm pretty good.

3) Abidemi feels she is _____ at computers. a) bad b) OK c) great 4) For Rory, getting up early is _____ for him. a) hard b) easy c) rare 5) Abidemi likes to sleep in when _____ . a) it is summer b) she is on vacation c) it is cold

Vocabulary

Abidemi: Lucky her. Rory: And how about computers? Are you good at computers?

brag

Abidemi: I think I have the basics down. So I'm good at the basic things in computers. But overall, when it gets too complicated, I'm not too good at it. What about you, Rory?

I feel like I'm bragging when I say that.

Rory: Yeah, I'm okay. I can use a computer but I can't â&#x20AC;&#x201C; I'm not good at programming, things like this, you know. I don't understand this. Abidemi: I think this is a big one for people. Are you good at getting up early? Rory: I'm really good at getting up early. Abidemi: How early? Rory: You know 5:00 or 6:00 o'clock is no problem for me. Abidemi: Wow. Rory: And I think it's because ever since I was young, I've always got up early. I used to do a paper round when I was a kid.

When you brag, you talk about yourself in a positive manner. Notice the following: 1. She always brags about her kids. 2. She likes to brag about her wedding ring. have (it) down I think I have the basics down. When you 'have something down,' you know how to do it confindently. Notice the following: 1. I had trouble with the software at first, but now I have it down. 2. I still don't have this down. I need to study.

Abidemi: I see. Rory: I get up before 6:00 o'clock. So how about you? Are you good at getting up early? Abidemi: No, not really. I like to sleep in. Especially when it's winter, I'm not good at getting up early at all. My body just wants to sleep the whole day. In the summer, I'm a lot better with the sun. Rory: Okay. [End of Transcript]

Speaking Challenge Q1

Is the grammar in your language complicated?

Is it OK to brag in your culture?

Do you ever sleep in?

Something that is complicated is difficult of complex. Notice the following: 1. This video game is too complicated for me. 2. This math problem is so complicated. a big one I think this is a big one for people. Here, 'a big one' means something important. Notice the following: 1. At my new job I can wear jeans. In terms of benfits, that's a big one for me. 2. There are some things I hate, and smoking is a big one for me.

I used to do a paper round when I was a kid. A paper round is a paper route, a delivery route for a paperboy. Notice the following:

What things are you good at?

It gets too complicated.

a paper round

complicated

1. I had a paper round as a kid. 2. Children no longer have paper routes. sleep in

Are you good at English?

I like to sleep in. When you sleep in, you do not wake up early. Notice the following: 1. I love to sleep in on the weekend. 2. My father never sleeps in. He always gets up early.

Vocabulary Quiz complicated • brag • have it down sleep in • a big one • round

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

This math is hard but I should soon. I always on Sunday morning. It is not polite to . The rules are ! It is confusing. I have many pet peeves. Smoking is for me. 6. I had a paper as a teen.

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz 1369 Women in Uniform Meg talks about being a woman in the military and why she chose that path.

Todd: So Meg, I thought we would talk a little bit about the military. Now, you were actually in the military. Meg: Yes. I was actually in the Army National Guard. So I enlisted when I was 17. In America, in the National Guard, Meg each state can have kind of different rules, or different requirements. And so, in Indiana, you can enlist when you are 17 with parental permission. So I did that.

1) She joined the military at _____ . a) 17 b) 19 c) 21 2) She needed to ____ to join. a) get in college b) pass a test c) get permission

Todd

3) She was a _____ . a) medic b) driver c) translator

Todd: Wow. Seventeen is really young age.

4) She talks about _____ very fast.

Meg: Yeah. And it sort of happened really quick. I mean, I was a junior in high school and I got a call from a recruiter. And at first, I was really against it but then in Indiana, if you enlist and you serve your time, they'll pay your college tuition if you go to a state college.

a) running b) speaking c) eating

So Indiana has Purdue, and I was interested in going to Purdue anyway, so it seemed like a good idea. Todd: That's fantastic. So how long were you in the service? Meg: I was in for six years all together. That was the minimum commitment. So I could have done more but I was ready to, maybe try some other things after that time. Todd: Did it go by fast? Meg: Looking back, it definitely did. I think, there are different stages that went by slow or fast. Like when I was in actual basic training, when you're in it, it was super slow. Like you're counting on the hours every day because you're just desperate to finish and get out and get back to your family. And I was, you know, 17, so it's a little different. But now looking back, like, I can't believe it was a full six years, and now it's so many years past that already. So yeah, I guess, it did go by fast overall. Todd: Yeah, that's great. So what was it like being a woman in the military? Meg: It was – well, I served in a unit – I was a medic. And so, my unit, a medical unit, naturally has more women. The ratio is closer to 50-50 men and women, which isn't – at least that time wasn't – I don't have the current statistics, but it isn't that kind of ratio for the Army as a whole or the military as a whole. And so, for me there was – I was with a lot of other women also when I was serving. But for me personally, there were definitely challenges especially when I was first in basic training like I definitely felt personal pressure to try to keep up with the guys. With everything whether it's, you know, physically being able to

5) She says women should _____ joining the military. a) pursue b) consider c) avoid

Vocabulary go by fast Did it go by fast? When something goes by fast, it happens quickly. Notice the following: 1. The holiday went by fast. I cannot believe it is over. 2. I cannot believe the day is finished. It went by fast. weak link You never want to be the weak link. A weak link is a person with the least ability or skill. Notice the following: 1. No one wants to be the weak link of a team. 2. She is great, but he is the weak link.

lift and carry these heavy boxes and whatever. You know, you have the same requirements that you have to do. And you never want to be the weak link. And I think some other women, maybe suffered a little more because they couldn't keep up quite as well. And so that can be a little difficult. But maybe I'm naturally a bit more suited for those kinds of things. So I did okay but I definitely wanted to and tried hard to keep up with the physical aspect which isn't as easy sometimes for women. Todd: Well, that's interesting. So you do look pretty fit, so you must have been really fit back in the day. Meg: Yeah, I think. Yeah, especially basic training because you're never like not running. Anytime you're walking somewhere, you're just running, running, running, like they make you run everywhere. And you get like 5 minutes to eat breakfast and lunch, and dinner. Every time, you have to eat it so fast. And then you're doing all this physical training, and then going through obstacle courses, and carrying heavy packs and carrying your weapon round. Yeah. So that was probably the most fit I've ever been. I'm definitely not that now. Todd: Right. So if you had a daughter, would you recommend that she goes in the military, or would you recommend other women to join the military? Meg: I would not recommend it. I guess, I don't go around telling everyone, "Oh, you should just join the military." But I think if someone – if there is a woman who is interested in it or thinking about it, I would definitely – for me, I mean, it worked out great. There are a lot of like leadership and personal character qualities that I was really able to develop during my time that have continued to benefit me now. And so, for a woman who is interested, I would definitely say, "Go for it." Todd: Awesome. Thanks. Thanks, Meg. Meg: Yeah.

Speaking Challenge Q1

Do you know any women in the military?

not suited for I’m naturally a bit more suited for those kinds of things. When you are not suited for something, you do not have talents for it. Notice the following: 1. Some people are not suited for parenthood. 2. He is too nice, so he is not suited for management. obstacle course You go through obstacle courses. An obstacle course is a special area that tests one's skill or phycial ability. Notice the following: 1. In the army, all soldiers must do an obstacle course. 2. The dogs ran the obstacle course. work out It worked out great. When things work out, they end successfully after starting poorly. Notice the following: 1. Life always works out for people. 2. Don't worry. It will all work out. Go for it I would definitely say, “Go for it.” When you 'go for it,' you try to do something despite hesitation or fear. Notice the following: 1. I was afraid to try but I eventually went for it. 2. This job is perfect for you. You should go for it.

Vocabulary Quiz Q2

In English class does time go by fast? go by • suited • weak link obstacle • work out • go for it

Are you suited to be a teacher?

Have you ever ran an obstable course?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

He is the of the group. The day should quickly. He ran the course in record time. He is not for sales. It should in the end. I think you can do it. You should .

Would you like to be in the military?

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz 1) A paramedic is _____ a full-time nurse. 1370 The Medic Meg talks about being a medic in the military and what medics do to help people.

Todd: So Meg, you are talking about being in the military, and you said you were a medic. Can you explain what that is? Meg: Yeah. So a medic, which now I believe is called health care specialist, is – I always say it's kind of similar to being like a paramedic where it's not a full nurse job. I Meg Todd think nurses have more training like in civilian side nurses, but similar to paramedic where you have certain, like, minor procedures that you're trained to do and high-level things than just an EMT like doing IVs and giving shots and stitches and things like that. And you're trained – because it's the military, you're especially trained for emergency situations, and how to treat someone who has maybe some serious life-threatening wounds. So that's a medic. Todd: Wow. That sounds like a really difficult job. I mean, it's not your typical, just soldier job. You must have had a lot of schooling and education. Meg: I had – well, everyone goes through the initial, about two and a half months like basic training. And that's more kind of basic combat skills and physical training that kind of thing. And then I had four months past that to train to be a medic. So we went through like emergency medical technician course just like civilian side. I got certified with that. And then we had additional training for the military skills like IVs and emergency procedures, that kind of thing. Todd: Right. Can you explain what IV is? Meg: IV is an intravenous – like getting fluids into your body. So if you've been injured and you've lost a lot of blood or maybe you're dehydrated and you need some fluid in your body quickly, then we stick a needle into your vein and then the fluids go in. And the needle comes back out but a little tube stays in. And then you can get fluids quickly that way. Todd: So anybody that's been to the doctor knows that's always kind of the anxious moment when the nurse or the person who's going to stick the needle in. Were you good at doing that? Meg: So once I learned how to do it, I think I was pretty good. And I actually enjoyed doing it, not in a creepy way but, you know, it was – I guess, because I was decent at it that it was a part of my job that I enjoyed. But for myself, before we went through that training, I actually became dehydrated and needed to get an IV myself. And I was terrified because I really hadn't had that before in my life. And so, the nurse was going to come, you know, put the needle in my arm and I was like, "No, isn't there another? I'll just drink a lot of water." And she was saying, "Aren't you going to be a medic." And I was like, "Oh, I haven't trained yet. Don't do it." So yeah. Todd: Oh, that's cool. Yeah. I was recently in the hospital and they had me strapped up for both blood and for the water, the intravenous drip. And it's annoying because you can't really move,

a) the same as b) sort of like c) more trained 2) She can do things like _____ . a) give shots b) remove organs c) advise nurses 3) In the military she was trained how to _____ wounds. a) treat b) give c) incur 4) It took about _____ to train to be a medic. a) 2 months b) 4 months c) 6 months 5) She gives an IV for people who need _____ . a) dehydration b) fluids c) a doctor

Vocabulary paramedic A health care specialist is like being a paramedic. A paramedic is a health specialist who gives emergency aid to people outside of the hospital. Notice the following: 1. Paramedics often work in an ambulance. 2. The paramedic helped the injured man. minor procedure You are trained to do minor procedures. A minor procedure is a small operation or quick treatment to a health issue. Notice the following: 1. I went to the hospital for a minor procedure. Nothing serious. 2. She had a minor procedure done for her knee.

like if you want to get up and walk anywhere, you're strapped with all these tubes. And it's not very convenient. Meg: Yeah, yeah. Or at least you have to careful. When I was getting the IV, I didn't know that the needle doesn't stay in your arm. Now, for some things, it does. For blood, maybe it's different, I'm not sure. But yeah, so I was trying to be so careful too but you still want it to go well so you don't want to move very much. Todd: Right. So what percentage of people would you say freak out when they get the needle? Meg: Probably 90% or 95%.

dehydrated If you are injured, maybe you become dehydrated. When you are dehydrated, your body needs fluids and water. 1. If you run in the sun, you can get dehydrated. 2. Dehystration is a serious health concern.

Todd: Oh really? Meg: Yeah. Even, you know, tough Army guys would come in and be – and they'd be like, "Oh, I'm fine. I'm fine in a bit." "Well, we need to give you an IV." And they'd be like, "Oh…"

strapped up

Todd: Right. Yeah. Nobody likes that.

A person on a hospital bed can be strapped up by having lots of tubes and monitors attached to them.

Meg: No. Todd: So you transitioned. You were in the medical profession and then you moved to education. Why did you leave the medical profession for education? Meg: Yeah. That's interesting because I became a medic in the military because I thought after I – when I could continue college that I would be a nurse or a doctor. But my time serving as a medic helped me learn that that was not what I wanted to do for my career after all. So I definitely am glad that I had those skills and the things that I learned and was able to experience. But I had – English had kind of been on the back burner. And so then I said, "Okay, let me revisit this," and it led to English education. Todd: Wow. Have you ever thought about being like an English specialist for people in the medical fields like teaching doctors and nurses? Meg: I guess I haven't thought about that specifically. Sometimes I thought about going back to military. They do have something like English schools in the military. And so, I guess that would be related. Also it could be – yeah, so that would be interesting. Something to think about.

Speaking Challenge Q1

Do you have any plans on the back burner?

When we say 'They'd be like' we mean 'they would say'. Notice the following: 1. I told my story and they'd be like, 'No Way!' 2. I would get mad and my mom would be like, 'Go to your room!' on the back burner English had kind of been on the back burner. When something is on the back burner, it is postponed for later. We put food on the back burner to keep it warm. Notice the following:

paramedic • dehydrated • minor strapped • be like • back burner

Have you ever been dehydrated?

Have you ever had a minor procedure?

They'd be like, "Oh, I'm fine."

Vocabulary Quiz

they'd be like

Would you like to be a paramedic?

1. He was strapped up to a heart monitor. 2. He was strapped to the bed, so he could not get out of bed.

1. I need to save money, so college is on the back burner now. 2. They plan to get married but it is currently on the back burner.

They had me strapped up to tubes.

Have you ever been strapped up to a machine?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

She would , 'You did what?' Our plans are on the . A arrived at the crash scene. I need some water, I am . We had a operation. My arm is up to the machine.

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz 1371 Her Dream House Spencer talks about her dream house and features that are important to her.

1) She wants a _____ around the house. a) fence b) porch c) garden

Curtis: All right. So Spencer if you could design your dream home, what would it be like?

2) She thinks pastel colors are _____ .

Spencer: I know exactly what it would be like. It would be all wood, old-style beach house on the ocean and on the sand. So it Spencer Curtis would have ocean front porches all the way around. The biggest thing is the porches because I don't really care about having, you know, massive extra rooms for guests or whatever like I want to be able to be outside. Like being outside is big for me.

3) The living room should have _____ .

I love screened-in porches as well. So that and a library. I'm a huge kind of book nerd, so I would love to have just a library with lots of different shelves and, you know, a couple of desks for studying. That's the dream home for me. What about you? Curtis: Actually, I'm wondering about the outside. Would you paint the house or would you just leave it the natural wood color? Spencer: I want a natural color. There's an island south that's all kind of pastel Easter egg looking colors and it's too much for me. Also too like all the beach houses in LA, they're all kind of too tacky for me. Like I don't know. I like kind of the old look kind of traditional style. Curtis: Do you think you would use natural wood on it or a different material? I know that the beaches are really tough on the siding and paneling.

a) very warm b) easy to look at c) not her style

a) antique furniture b) comfy places to sit c) a large TV 4) She would like to have _____ near her house. a) park b) playground c) creek 5) The bathroom should be _____ . a) modern b) massive c) messy

Vocabulary

Spencer: That is true.

is big for

Curtis: Okay. What would th e kitchen be like in your dream house?

Being outside is big for me.

Spencer: I'm not much of a cook but I hope that my future husband is. So I would like to have a big kitchen for him. Lots of table space. I want one of those islands, you know, in the center of a kitchen where there's a marble countertop that has, you know, a couple of sinks and the ability to kind of put multiple different parts of vegetables or fruits out and about while you're cooking and preparing. Yeah. I'd also like kind of a bar counter space as well so that people kind of pull up a chair and maybe help cook or maybe just be there for company while you're cooking. Curtis: And how about your living room, do you have any ideas for that? Spencer: Living room mainly just comfort. My parents had a living room in their house but it was all just really nice antique furniture and we were never allowed to go there. So it's kind of like what's the point of having a room in a house that you never

When something is 'big for you' then it is very important for you. 1. Living in nature is big for me. 2. Having the Internet is big for me. Note: You can say 'huge for me' and the meaning is the same. siding The beaches are really tough on the siding and paneling. The siding is the outside material that covers a house or building. 1. I love houses with wood siding. 2. I hate houses with metal siding.

go into? So I would like a living room, yes, maybe with a fireplace and some antique furniture but nothing too nice that, you know, my child or my dog were to come in from outside could really like mess up. Curtis: And how about your yard, do you have any ideas for a yard around your house? Spencer: I want a lot of dogs. So I would like a big yard that they could be able to run around in, as well as if I have children, like have enough room for them to be able to, you know, slip and slide. So, you know, one of my best friends back home she had a yard that had a creek in it. And that was so much fun like growing up being able to like catch different, you know, creepycrawlies in the stream as well as have a messy or muddy day if we wanted to. Curtis: And how about the bathroom? Spencer: I want a massive bathroom actually. You know, my favorite shower in the world has like five or six different faucets and it's just massive. That gives you space. I'm kind of a clumsy person, so if I fall down I don't want to be able to, you know – I don't want to hit my head on anything. I also like a big Jacuzzi bathtub. My grandparents have this really, really, big old porcelain tub that I swear like five people could fit into. So I'd really like to be able to have a big bathtub. Curtis: Okay. Thank you. [End of Transcript]

Speaking Challenge Q1

pull up a chair Please pull up a chair and join us. When people ask you to 'pull up a chair, they are asking you to join them. Notice the following: 1. Don't be a stranger. Pull up a chair. 2. So nice to see you. Pull up a chair and join us. mess up I want cheap furniture you cannot mess up. When you mess something up, you damage it or make a mistake doing it. Notice the following: 1. I mess up dinner. It tastes terrible. 2. When you fill out the form, try not to mess up. slip and slide There is a slip and slide in the yard. A slip and slide is a plastic sheet (slide) with water on in that you run and slide down. Notice the following: 1. He broke his arm on a slip and slide. 2. We played on a slip and slide at the BBQ.

What would you like to have in your kitchen?

porcelain A1

My grandparents have this really, really, big old porcelain tub What would you like to have in your bathroom?

1. She has fine procelain dishes. 2. We drank out of nice porcelain cups.

Porcelain is very fine ceramic material usually seen on nice cups or bowls.

Would you like to live in the country?

Vocabulary Quiz

is big for • pull up a chair • siding slip and slide • mess up • porcelain If you had a big yard, would you want a pet?

Would you like to share a house with your parents?

1. 2. 3. 4.

The house is covered with metal . Having weekends off is me. Try not to the kitchen. In summer, a is a good way to cool off. 5. Please and join us. 6. These dishes are made with fine .

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz 1372 His Dream House Curtis talks about his dream house and what he would like in every area of the house.

a) a friend b) himself c) his dad

Spencer: Yeah. So Curtis, what would your dream house be like? Tell me about the kitchen, living room, yard. Curtis: Well, I've thought a lot about my dream house and designing it. Actually, that's the kind of work that my father does, so he said he could draw the plans up for me. But I've done a lot of art and I really want to work my art into the house.

1) The plans for the hosue would be drawn by _____ .

2) He wants an _____ refrigerator.

Spencer

Curtis

So the living room, I would like there to be kind of a frieze around the outside of the room where I actually do the art myself. Now, I used to do a lot of construction when I was younger, and so I would really like to take part in the process so that I have a kind of sense of ownership with the house that I've really built a part of that. The kitchen, I want it to be a very large space and next to a room that has a lot of media so that you can kind of pay attention to things or watch tutorials and recipes while you're cooking, follow along with your favorite chefs or cooking channels. I'd like a really big industrial refrigerator and a huge island that I can work with, as well as a massive sink for cleaning things. I used to work at a restaurant and I loved the dishwasher there because it was so quick and easy. So I would like a restaurantstyle dishwasher in my kitchen, too. Spencer: Yeah. So tell me about â&#x20AC;&#x201C; what would your yard be like?

a) environmental b) industrial c) inexpensive 3) In the yard he wants lots of _____ . a) flowers b) trees c) grass 4) The living rooms needs _____ . a) lots of art b) a big TV c) comfy couches 5) He would like to have _____ . a) a big pool b) an outdoor bath c) an indoor pool

Vocabulary

Curtis: I would like a lot of grass. I really love a yard with nice grass especially when you're playing soccer, you can get under the ball and have a lot of fun like that.

work ... into

Spencer: It's nice to have a big backyard to play sports.

Here, to work into means to incorporate something into something else.

Curtis: Yeah. I think so as well. Spencer: What about your bathroom? Curtis: My bathroom. Well, I would like to have a kind of a spa in there, honestly. I would like to have a big bathtub. But I want my house to have geothermal heating. And if I have a geothermal heating system, I can also probably have a hot spring in the bathroom. I like it to be quite big and have a nice shower as well. Just very nice open area with nice sinks. I don't want to feel constrained in my bathroom. I don't want it to be small. It has to be big. Spencer: What about your living room? Curtis: My living room. One of the things that was really

I want to work my art into the house.

1. He tries to work his personality into his cooking. 2. Teachers should not work their religion into their lessons. industrial I'd like a big industrial refrigerator. Industrial things are designed to be used for businesses, not personal use. 1. We use a big industrial coffee machine at my cafe. 2. We bought an industrial oven for our house

important to me for my living room again, is the art that I want to have a lot of details around the outside that are murals or friezes that I have actually created on the wall and so that there's almost a kind of entertaining sense about it. Just being in there before you turn on any other devices or televisions or anything like that. That there is kind of a artistic and comfortable feel to it. It doesn't feel sterile, it feels very homey. Spencer: Cool. Would you have a big garage? Curtis: I probably would have a big garage because I really love driving, and I used to race cars at the track. And for the purposes of doing work on cars, or any other DIY work around the house, I would like to have a really big nice garage. Spencer: Would you have any sort of like swimming pool or – I know you said you wanted a sauna in your bathroom but… Curtis: I would really like a portion that's maybe separate from the bathroom, that has shutters that open up. So on a nice night, you can actually open it and see out over the yard or whatever landscapes that the house is built next to. Spencer: That would be cool.

backyard It's nice to have a big backyard to play sports. A backyard is a private open area behind a house. Notice the following: 1. She needs a big backyard for her dogs. 2. They have a garden in their backyard. geothermal I have a geothermal heating system. Geothermal heating is heat that comes from the earth. Notice the following: 1. Hot springs are heated by geothermal heat. 2. Geothermal power is good for the environment.

Curtis: But I would like the area to be a little bit private, hopefully surrounded by woods a little bit where you can't see your neighbors immediately.

mural

Spencer: Yeah, exactly.

I want to have lots of murals.

[End of Transcript]

A mural is art painted on a wall. Notice the following:

Speaking Challenge Q1

Do you prefer shutters or curtains?

Do you have a backyard where you live?

shutters The bath room has shutters.

1. Many churches have lovely murals. 2. Murals make buildings more interesting.

Do you live in an industrial area?

Shutters are window covers that open and close using many small panels. Notice the following: 1. Please close the shutters. 2. The shutters are not good at keeping out the light.

Vocabulary Quiz Q4

Where can you see nice murals? work • industrial • backyard geothermal • mural • shutters

Q5 A5

If you designed your dream house, what would it have?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

The dog sleeps in the . He tries to music into his classes. This is an area with lots of factories. The keep out the sunlight. Who painted that in the church. The building is powered by energy.

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz

1373 Sleeping Patterns Sarah and Todd share how much sleep they often get and what they use to wake up in the morning.

a) less than b) more than c) the same as 2) She usually sleeps _____ a night.

Todd: So Sarah, let's talk about sleep. How many hours of sleep do you usually get every night? Sarah: Usually, at least eight. It depends on how late I stay up but usually about eight hours, I try to get every night.

1) Sarah sleeps _____ Todd at night.

a) six hours b) seven hours c) eight hours Sarah

Todd

Todd: And you are pretty consistent, like even on the weekends, you get eight hours. Sarah: Yes. Even on the weekends. Sleep is very important for me to feel normal and energetic. Todd: Now, do you need an alarm clock to wake you up or you just wake up naturally everyday? Sarah: I definitely have to have an alarm clock. Even though I wake up very easily, I don't wake up at a routine time easily. So I usually set two alarms and that will usually get me up.

3) Todd says he can wake up _____ . a) only with an alarm clock b) whenever he wants c) and go back to sleep 4) Who takes naps now? a) Todd b) Sarah c) Neither of them 5) They say naps make you feel _____ .

Todd: Oh wow. I actually have this kind of weird mental ability. I thought that everybody can do this but I found out it's not the case, but I can wake up exactly at the minute I want, any time. So like, if I have to get up at 5:43, before I go to bed, I can say, "Okay. Get up at 5:43." And I'll wake up at 5:43, exactly.

a) refreshed b) groggy c) guilty

Sarah: That's amazing.

Vocabulary

Todd: Yeah. I don't know how – I guess your brain just can keep time. When I tell people this, sometimes they think, "Oh come on, that's not true." But really, ever since I was a kid I could just tell myself what time I want to wake up and I'll wake up exactly at that time.

not the case

Sarah: That's really quite amazing. I wish it was that way for me, but it's not.

When something is 'not the case' then it is not the expected situation. Notice the following:

Todd: Yeah. You know what's weird – because I don't use alarm clocks. And I can't – like an alarm clock – the idea actually, I can't have a deep sleep if I know that it's going to ring and wake up, like it's going to jolt. To me an alarm clock is like somebody throwing cold water on you, you know. So yeah, I don't use alarm clocks at all. Sarah: Yeah. I'm always paranoid about being late so that's why I set two just in case like one doesn't go off. But I can sleep anytime of the day. Like it really doesn't matter what type of day, it's very easy for me to fall asleep for as long as whenever. So that's why I have to have an alarm clock because I could sleep 12 or 14 hours and not wake up. Todd: Wow. That's like you do like sleep. Sarah: Yeah.

That is not the case.

1. I thought he would be nice, but that was not the case. 2. I heard the city is cheap, but it is not the case. paranoid I am alway paranoid about being late. A person who is paranoid is extremely worried about somthing. Notice the following: 1. The farmers are paranoid about the weather. 2. She is paranoid about ghosts.

Todd: So do you take naps? Sarah: No, because then I feel really like groggy and really like irritable if I take naps because I just want to sleep longer than that amount of time. So I don't take naps. Todd: Like can you sleep with the light on?

Sarah: Yes. Todd: Yeah, I can't. Actually, that's why I always wake up so early. As soon the light comes through the window, I wake up. I can't sleep if it's not dark.

deep sleeper You are a deep sleeper. A person who is a deep sleeper has deep sleeps, meaning they do not wake easily. Notice the following: 1. My sister is a deep sleeper. 2. I wish I was a deep sleeper, but I wake up often during the night. danger zone

Sarah: I can sleep in any situation; light, noise, sitting up. It doesn't matter. I can sleep.

That is the danger zone.

Todd: Oh wow. So you're a deep sleeper.

The danger zone refers to a time or place where there could be problems. Notice the following:

Sarah: Yeah. Todd: I'm so jealous. Like just a little bit of noise or a little bit of light and I can't sleep. And actually, I probably only get an average six hours a night. But I do sometimes take naps.

1. I have missed many classes so I am in the danger zone with my teacher. 2. When you have no savings you are in the danger zone.

Sarah: Oh okay. How long do you usually nap for? Todd: Usually an hour. I found out if I go over an hour then that's the danger zone because then if you sleep like two or three hours, then you wake up and you're just groggy for the whole day. Like you can't – it's like you've been drugged, you know. So yeah. Forty-five minute nap is about it. Sarah: Yeah. When you were a child, did your parents make you take naps?

groggy You are groggy for the whole day. When you are groggy, you are just waking up and not fully awake. Notice the following: 1. I am groggy until I get my coffee in the morning. 2. The cold medicine made him very groggy.

Todd: They did. And oddly enough, when I was a kid though, I couldn't sleep, like, you would cry, "I don't want to take a nap" you know. And you'd be like you conk out. But yeah, I do remember.

conk out

Do you remember having to take naps in school?

You would conk out.

Sarah: I didn't go to school actually. I was home schooled.

Here, to conk out means to fall alsleep quickly like you were hit on the head. I Notice the following:

Todd: Oh really. Sarah: I remember taking naps when I was really little but beyond that and like school-age, I never had to. Todd: Oh wow. Anyway, all these talks are making me tired. I think I'm ready for a nap.

1. I always conk out when I fly on a plane. 2. Young children conk out easily when they're tired.

Sarah: Sounds good.

Vocabulary Quiz Speaking Challenge Q1

How many hours do you sleep every day?

A1 Q2

Are you a deep sleeper?

A2 Q3

Do you conk out when you fly?

A3 Q4

Are you groggy if you get little sleep?

A4 Q5 A5

paranoid • deep sleeper • not the case danger zone • groggy • conk out

Do you ever wake up paranoid?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

He is about failing his class. I'm a so don't worry about waking me. I thought she'd be mad but that was . When I get home I am so tired I just . Most poor cities become a at night. If I take a nap, I feel after I wake up.

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Students can listen online, watch the video, check answers, and download the audio at www.elllo.org/english/1351/ (mobile OK!)

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/

Quiz 1374 Dream Time Sarah and Todd discuss having dreams and what happens in them and what they might mean.

Sarah: So do you dream a lot? Do you remember your dreams? Todd: I usually do. Although, I have to admit, now that I'm older, I don't dream so much. It's pretty rare that I have a dream. But I will have dreams if I'm really stressed Sarah Todd or if I'm really sick. So usually, every time I get sick, I notice I'm sick because I have a dream. And I'll wake up in the middle of the night from some crazy dream and then I'll notice, oh wow, I'm sick. So yeah, that's about it. Sarah: That's very interesting. Todd: Yeah. Although, you know, when I was younger, I used to have all these dreams related to work. I guess they were stress related. And the craziest dream was, I was a waiter at a very fast-paced restaurant, and it was very stressful. And you had to wait on about 10 tables, and people would come in and you have to get their food fast. And if you didn't, you'd get yelled at by the boss or the customers would be upset. So I used to have this dream – and this is when I was in college, that I would be sleeping and there would be a table in my room and the customers would be sitting there watching me sleep, and they would be furious because I wasn't bringing their food. I was like just sleeping in the bed right next to their table. And it was the same nightmare I had for – like again and again and again. It was crazy.

1) Todd had a dream about _____ . a) teaching a class b) waiting on tables c) riding a bike 2) Sarah had the same dream that _____ had. a) her mother b) her sister c) her father 3) They both had the same dream about _____ . a) falling off a cliff b) registering for a class c) loosing their teeth 4) _____ has dreamt of being naked in class. a) Todd b) Sarah c) Neither 5) Your teeth falling out means you will _____ . a) meet someone b) become ill c) lose something

Vocabulary

Sarah: That's really interesting. And kind of funny, too. Todd: Yeah, I know. And it's weird how you have the same recurring dream. I used to have another dream, a nightmare when I was young. And it would be – I was riding a bicycle up like a mountain and the mountain was – like had a path that just kept going around and around the mountain. And you had to be really careful or else your bike would fall off the cliff. And then, my bike of course would go off the cliff and I would fall, fall, fall and you would wake up right before you hit the ground. I had that dream many, many times when I was a little kid. Do you ever have nightmares or any dreams like that? Sarah: Yeah. I don't dream very often but I have this one reoccurring dream also where I am in school and it's at the end of the semester and I suddenly realized that there's one class that I haven't been going to the entire semester and I'm going to fail it. So I panic and I'm running around like trying to find my professor to like try to figure out what I need to do or what I need to study for the final exam so that I don't fail this class. But what's really interesting about this dream is I found out a few years ago that my father has the same reoccurring dream.

wait on You had to wait on about 10 tables Here, to wait on means to serve people or take care of their needs. Notice the following: 1. When I was sick, my mom waited on me. 2. My job is to wait on people at the bar. furious They would be furious because I wasn't bringing their food Furious means to me very mad about something. Notice the following: 1. My boss was furious we were late. 2. My wife was furious that I forgot her birthday.

Todd: Wow. You know, this is going to sound crazy. I've had that dream, too. I've had a dream of like I registered for a course in college and I never went to the course, and I'm going to get an F. And I don't even remember when I registered or where the class is but I didn't finish the class. Is that the same dream? Sarah: Exact same dream. Todd: Wow. I wonder what it means. Sarah: Me too.

recurring It's weird how you have the same recurring dream. Something that is recurring, or reoccuring, happens again and again. Notice the following: 1. This is a recurring problem we must fix. 2. I keep having recurring nightmares.

Todd: Maybe there's somebody out there that really knows what it means and they're like, "Uh-oh, those two people are doomed."

panic

Sarah: There must be a lot of people with that dream.

So I panic and I'm running around

Todd: Yeah. And maybe that's it, like there's certain structures. Like I know that the bike dream that I have about falling off the cliff, I've heard that many people have that. Yeah.

When you panic, you react suddenly to uncontrollable fear. Notice the following:

Have you ever heard about the dream – I had it a couple of times, a dream where you're in class and then you suddenly notice that you don't have any clothes on and you're afraid that people are going to notice you don't have any clothes on?

1. When I lost my wallet, I panicked. 2. Don't panic! Everything will be fine.

Sarah: No, I've never had that one.

find out

Todd: Yeah. That was one when I was really, really little, but yeah.

I found out a few years ago

Sarah: I've heard that some people – a lot of people have dreams about their teeth falling out and that this means that like they're afraid of losing something in their life. Todd: Really?

'To find out' meand to realize or learn something. Notice the following: 1. I found out today was your birthday. Congrats! 2. I just found out my wife is expecting a baby!

Sarah: Something that's really important to them. Todd: Oh wow. So if you're teeth are falling, you're going to lose something. Sarah: Or you're afraid of losing something because most people, their teeth are really important to them. Todd: Yeah. Interesting. Well, I don't have any nightmares anymore. It's pretty rare. How about you? Sarah: Yeah. Same as me. Thank goodness.

register for I registered for a course in college When you register for something, you sign up for it. Notice the following: 1. I just signed up for a new yoga class. 2. I wanted to take the class, but I did not sign up in time.

Todd: Yeah. Maybe it's just a young thing. Sarah: Maybe.

Vocabulary Quiz

Speaking Challenge Q1

What makes you furious?

Have ever had to wait on people?

wait on • furious • recurring panic • find out • register for

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

As food server, I must people. I want to that class. Did you if you got the job? If there is a fire, don't . Be calm. She was that I was late. I keep having a dream.

If you lost your phone, would you panic?

Do you have any recurring dreams?

Q5 A5

Do you ever have nightmares?

Listen online at www.elllo.org/english/1351/