The Then and Now Times by RAFA SANTXEZ MUXIKA

The then and now TIMES De KRANT van toen en nu Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK Bilateral Comenius Project â&#x20AC;&#x153;History, You and Me Europe Todayâ&#x20AC;? Project Newspaper of Charlemagne College and Urola Ikastola Azkoitia-Azpeitia BHI

NEWS OF THE WORLD 100 YEARS AGO AND NOW

he West dominates the entire planet. Most African countries are European colonies. The major western players in 1910 are Britain, France, Germany, Italy and the United States. Russia and Japan also hold huge dominions. Spain a huge Empire for many centurias lost its last American colonies of Cuba and Puerto Rico and the Philipines in the Pacific. Now Spain holds tight to its last colonies in northern Africa (Morocco), Western Sahara and Guinea in central Africa. The Dutch continue to rule their colony of the Dutch East Companies in what will later become Indonesia. The British Empire comprises dominions, colonies and`protectorates all over the World. including Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Nigeria, Uganda, Sudan, Egypt or Iraq (sometimes things do not change so much).

RMS Titanic sinks on maiden voyage from Southampton to New York, after hitting an iceberg, over 1,500 die US marines invade Honduras. US Marines sent to Nicaragua - US marines land on Cuba Robert F. Scott reaches South Pole.

The World in the year 1911-1912

FINANCIAL CRISIS

The World in the year 2011-2012

Comet Halley visible from Earth

he earth passes through the tail of Halley and causes terror among many people who think that the gases will kill all living creatures on earth. 1

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

Foreign news The Italian-Turkisch war The French-Italian Incident. From Constantinople was yesterday signaled, that the postage at the great opertunity against the capture of the crew of the red half moon on board of the Manouba and also hasd protested against the occupation of the red half moon. In Turkey From Constantinoplewas yesterday signaled, that both the grandvizier and the minister of war tried to effort the minister of the navy, who has quit his job, because he had been asked. The minister must have declared that he couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t take the pressure of his political responsibility, were the grandvizier wanted to postpone the elections.

Europe in 1910

Europe in 2012

Also Europe in 2012

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

EDITORIAL STAFF Rafa Stxez Muxika Managing Editor

Hans Luesink Assistant Managing Editor

Mikel Fdez de Arroyabe Wiel Heijnen Asier Alzelai Mendizabal Neill K. Wright Valerie Elizabeth Sauers Gerardus Heijnen Paloma Bergsma Marielle Duijsens Deputy Editors

Ainhoa Agirrebeña Andueza Melissa Nielaba Maialen Castaño Nuñez Hannah Ratuschny Mikel Gonzalez Arrue Ids Niessen Maite Arregi Joaristi Giovanna Verspagen Gadea Azkue Izagirre Darren Klasens Iñigo Larrañaga Egiguren Mick Zenden Itziar Gurrutxaga Altuna Philippe Schyns Ane Etxeberria Aranguren Sandy Klooster Ane Arrizabalaga Andreu Wesley Hundscheid Maria Odriozola Romarate Jill Quaedflieg Ianire Iriarte Villanueva Charelle Matzner Ane Uria Etxeberria Rik van der Schuren Miriam Etxaniz Alberdi Jessica Verjans Ane Letamendia Martin Sammie Hinzen Sarai Tena Gómez Kim Aarts Naira Arizmendi Ucin Godelieve Ploumen Beatriz Arizmendi Larrañaga Minou Schreijen Goizane Mendizabal Arrieta Andrea Mollering Jon Olaizola Alberdi Alejandro Erkens

Ainhoa Aizpitarte Zabarte Ruben Mooldijk Ane Aguado Garate Demi Plummen Itxaso Astigarraga Etxabe Veerle Schielen Leire Etxeberria Beristain Isabelle Cranen Alaitz Alberdi Eizmendi Kimberly Wanders Sara Aranbarri Iriondo Britt Quaedflieg Amaia Aizpuru Aldalur Lonneke Wetzelaer Maite Olaizola Alberdi Kelly Bruijnseels Estibalitz Aranbarri Zinkunegi Maren Alberdi Aizpuru Katrin Jungheim Maite Lete Elorza Yvette Tillmans Haizea Ribera Sorazu Natascha Strolenberg Eider Etxaniz Corrales Marco van Belzen Mireia Arrizabalaga Olaizola Bas Wijsman Maider Soraluze Larrañaga Melissa Dassen Itziar Varela Egiguren Jolien Windmuller Judith Egiguren Agirre Britt Creusen Eider Iturralde Arotzena Laurence Smits Ane Bereziartua Odriozola Laura Naranjo Garcia Idoia Landa Reza Robert v. Overveld Monika Aizpitarte Garmendia Robin Frankes Maitane Diez Izagirre Leonie Thomissen Irati Labaka Garmendia Sebastiaan Ansara Aizpea Etxeberria Arano Marjolijn Smeets Sara Ibarzabal Arregi Demi Smits News Editors

EDITORIAL When we started this bilateral Comenius project "History, You and Me is Europe Today" in the school year of 2010 groups of teachers and students from Charlemagne College in the Netherlands and IES Urola Ikastola Azkoitia-Azpeitia BHI got down to develop ICT based Europe-related educational material, including this publication. The goal was to depict our towns of residence one hundred years ago and now, as well as to look for some world and local news then and now . So, in order to achieve these aims, before the exchange the students of the two partner schools researched into the society, economy and traditions about a century ago. We mainly looked into town hall and newspaper archives and surfed the Internet. Some of us also interviewed elder people, for example one of the students’ nice granny, and a local chronicler. They all enlightened our insight of the local history and heritage with lively accounts, which we really appreciate. During the exchange legs we came together and in teamwork compared our research results. Then , with the help of our teachers edited and produced the final results and products. These exchange periods allowed us to work in international teams in order to develop competences necessary for future learning and employment. Likewise, these periods abroad were very significant to help us to develop social skills and autonomy in a foreign family and environment. We really think these social and civic competences will also be very useful for us to share a common European Citizenship. The final products were PowerPoint presentations before audiences of students, teachers and parents in both countries and always in English. These presentations were also a challenge which we overcame more or less successfully, more or less nervously. Anyway, it helped us to gain self-confidence and improve our communicative competences. The interviews were video recorded and uploaded onto YouTube. The filming and editing of these clips allowed us to develop both ICT and language skills. In addition, we contributed with some news items to publish this project-like newspaper. Occasionally the historical perspective often seemed to be rather blurred. Some historical facts familiar and perfectly datable for a generation are apparently rather unfamiliar and, therefore, easy to get mixed up for the next. For example, repeated references to World War II or the Cold War or some news and pictures no so old have left out. Finally, we could not help including news about the current financial crisis in comparison to the financial crack of 1929, despite not being strictly one hundred years ago. All in all, we would like to highlight the good moments we spent with our European friends both in our country and abroad Thanks to these Comenius projects we have been able to meet friends and enjoy the European diversity of cultures and ways of living, quite different sometimes but also more often than not very similar too.

http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=4w4_enyubLM&context=C339c185ADOEgsToPD skInPKIsYqibbhhUz3eBAKNJ

http://elosurola.wordpress.com http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=ZY1GSUgtBSk&context=C3f04584ADOEgsToPDs kILR3WekEdfY_98tsQwwa_z

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

International Politics Becoming Increasingly Turbulent Relatively young nations such as Germany and America underwent rapid industrialization, and Japanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economic power grows after many years of isolation. There is an increasing sense of nationalism in Europe that will culminate in World War I.

NEWS 100 YEARS AGO China votes for universal human rights Portugal approves woman suffrage Marie Curie receives her 2nd Nobel Prize NY receives 1st Marconi wireless transmission from Italy Charles I of Austria marries Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma. Empress Zita will live holidays and her final days in The Basque Country) Italy attacks Turkish North-Africa (Libya), takes Tipoli & Cyrenaica Mona Lisa stolen from Louvre (Recovered in 1913) Hungarian education is only taught in German language The UK is connected via a series of local telephone networks. Some wealthy homes have phones and telephone kiosks are available. Pius X encyclical Singular quadam, against interconfess unions

ortugal Becomes a Republic. King Manuel II flees to England.

Mexican Revolution.

rmed revolution against the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz led by Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata reached power.

eorge V crowned King of United Kingdom upon death of his faher Edward VII.

First Balkan War (1912-1913), Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia and Montenegro fight Turkey, and conquer most Turkish lands in Europe. Albania proclaims independence from Turkey.

1910, 4 October: the last Braganza king of Portugal, Manuel II, flees to Gibraltar from revolutionaries and the Portuguese Republic is proclaimed. The end of the Bragazna dynasty, established in 1640, was not as abrupt as this may sound.Manuel had ruled for only two years, following the assassination of his father and elder brother in 1908.

Obituary Mark Twain, American writer (b. 1835) most noted for his novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of

Huckleberry Finn.

T D eut sc hl and he Zeppelin

, makes the first commercial passenger flight inside Germany: The flight takes nine hours.

Florence Nightingale. (b. 1820) English nurse Florence Nightingale's lasting contribution has been her role in founding the modern nursing profession and hospital administration.

The International Opium Convention is signed at The Hague. On 23 January 1912, the International Opium Convention was signed in the Hague by representatives from China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Persia (Iran), Portugal, Russia, Siam (Thailand), the UK and the British oversees territories (including British India). In addition to opium and morphine, which were already under extensive international discussion, the Hague Convention also included two new substances that had become problematic: cocaine and heroin. Cocaine was first isolated by the German chemist Albert Niemann in 1860, and rapidly gained popularity for both medical and recreational use. Heroin was a relatively new drug at the time of the Hague Convention, as it had only become available as a pharmaceutical product in 1898. Ironically, it was originally marketed as a non-addictive alternative to morphine, which was proving problematic in many areas .

Arizona admitted to the Union as the 48th state enry Ford sells

10,000 automobiles.

1st non-stop London-Paris flight (Pierre Prier in 3h56m)

Beatrix van Rijk becomes 1st licensed Dutch woman pilot An Italian officer named "Gaffoti", hand-dropped the first bomb from an airplane in the history of war, a 4 lb Shebli, in the history of War on a group of freedom fighers in Aain Zara, Libya.

Plane flying over Donostia-San Sebastian in 1911

Capt Albert Berry performs 1st parachute jump from an airplane irst Coast-To-Coast US Flight On November 1912 Harriet Quimby becomes 1st woman pilot to cross English Channel 5th 1911, thousands of people showed up in Pasadena, California, to witness the arrival of CalDec 3rd 1912 - Gerrit Brinkman becomes 1st Dutch traffic officer braith Rodgers, after a 49-day flight across the United States. US submarines with diesel engines commissioned.

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

NEWS 100 YEARS AGO The Republic of China is established. 1912 Mar 30th - French protectorate in Morocco established 1912 Nov 27th - Spanish protectorate in Morocco forms

Electricity is available through a patchwork of small supply network stations. Electric starter 1st appeared in cars The worlds oldest light bulb running for 100 years The worlds oldest light bulb is at Livermore, California. It’s called the Centennial Light, and has been on for more than 100 years! It’s a carbon filament bulb and has been turned off only for a few times since it’s installation in 1901.

ECONOMY and SOCIETY Life expectancy : 54 years for women , 50 for men The average family has 3 children Just over five percent of children aged 10 to 14 are in employment The richest one percent of the population holds approximately 70 percent wealth. Belgian Mining law introduces 9½ hour ELA Basque Workers' Solidarity (in Basque: Eusko Langileen Alkartasuna (ELA), created, as Solidaridad de Obreros Vascos, by members of the Basque Nationalist Party on June 10, 1911, in Bilbao.

ELA-STV First Basque Trade Union

Spanish Parliament change children’s work conditions . Forbidden to take on children younger than 10 years. Children between 10 and 14 years are not allowed to work more than 8 hours.

Women's suffrage. Women fight for he right of women to vote and to run for office. Dutch women voted for the first time in 1919 and Basque women in 1931. 5

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

ECONOMY and SOCIETY International Women's Day March 19, 1911 International Women's Day was celebrated for the first time. Since 1913, the day has been observed annually on March 8.

FINANCIAL CRISES

financial crisis

The term is applied broadly to a variety of situations in which some financial institutions or assets suddenly lose a large part of their value. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, many financial crises were associated with banking panics, and many recessions coincided with these panics. Other situations that are often called financial crises include stock market crashes and the bursting of other financial bubbles, currency crises, and sovereign defaults.[1][2] Financial crises directly result in a loss of paper wealth; they do not directly result in changes in the real economy unless a recession or depression follows. Many economists have offered theories about how financial crises develop and how they could be prevented. There is little consensus, however, and financial crises are still a regular occurrence around the world.

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

FINANCIAL CRISES

Eurozone crisis has entered a 'more lethal phase'. Eurozone needs a growth strategy, not more austerity. George Soros says Europe's financial crisis has ies ntr u o

ec on d z ro re Eu the in

taken 'a turn for the worse' and outlines a series of measures to solve it. His answer to ensure the European Union survives is to "recognise that current policies are counterproductive and change course". He said that the rules of the eurozone need "radical revision" and suggested that all countries be able to refinance their existing debts at the same rate. He acknowleged that the Bundesbank would not accept his ideas but concluded: "The future of Europe is a political issue. It is beyond the Bundesbank's competence to decide".

European stock markets rocked by panic selling as debt crisis reignites. Investors demanding high premiums for holding Italian and Spanish bonds as fears of double-dip recession grow Eurozone crisis is back and here to stay. It was always fantasy to believe the ECB could solve its problems by ladling out ultracheap money to European banks

Europeans have associated Basque Country with political turmoil, however it is the only country in the Spanish State where the economic outlooks is milder Tuesday 13 March 2012 Walking through the old quarter of the Donostia-

San Sebastián a sign reads: “Tourists beware you are not in Spain, nor France, you are in the Basque Country”. Although things may be bad in the Basque Country, the situation is much worse in the rest of Spain . But the Basque Country has a different background. Its research centres and traditional industries are still fairing well in the financial storm. Amid soaring unemployment and fears of a double-dip recession in Spain, the Basque Country offers a contrasting picture. The Spanish situation is grim, with 5.3 million unemployed at the end of 2011, the Bank of Spain predicts that the country’s economy will fall into another recession, contracting by 1.5% in 2012, which would exacerbate the 22.9% unemployment rate reported at the end of 2011, according to the Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE). Meanwhile, the Basque Country has the lowest unemployment rate, and has maintained comparatively lower levels for decades. The Basque autonomous communities of the Euskadi and Navarre have a rate of 7.4% unemployment, way below the Spanish average. But why is the Basque country weathering the financial storm better than the rest of Spain? It goes back to basic economic drivers… industry and production. Today, the Basque Country’s level of industrialisation is greater than the EU average. The Basques have also been able to reinvent themselves, with EU backing and opportunities. Through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), the EU has €241 million in co-funding destined for the Basque Country under the Regional Competitiveness and Employment programme (2007-2013). The funds are devoted to areas that are already highly developed in the Basque Country, including science and technology, research and development, environment, energy resources, and transport. But does all this direct contact between the EU and the Basque region create greater tension with Madrid? Yes and no. As an autonomous region you would expect some, well, ‘autonomy’ in its dealings with the EU, but Spain can’t help but be envious of the Basque Country’s clout and strong ties to the EU. For the Basques, though, it is pure logic: why wait for Madrid when you can act directly at the EU level? Moreover, the Basques have the means and institutions in place to lobby the EU directly.

The global financial crisis hit the Netherlands hard in the fall 2008 Dutch economy entered recession in the fourth quarter of 2008, but annual GDP growth that year was still 1.9%. In 2009, however, the economy shrank by 3.9%. The economy recovered slowly in 2010 with an annual growth rate of 1.8% and 1.6% in 2011.This is mainly due to the increase in international trade, the largest engine of the Dutch economy; however, growth is expected to slow to 1.75% in 2012. The financial institutions are repaying their government loans. Private consumption dropped by 2.5% in 2009 and recovered by 0.3% in 2010. The slow recovery is expected to continue by 0.5% in 2011 and 2012. Unemployment was 5.2% in 2011. After a drop in the early 2000s, business investment (excluding the housing sector) staged a recovery from 2005 onwards. In 2008, business investment was up 7.4%, but it decreased sharply by 18.2% in 2009. The decline in business investment did not continue as sharply as predicted, as it dropped by 1.5% in 2010, grew by 5.75% in 2011, and is predicted to grow by 4.25% in 2012. The Netherlands was one of the first EU member states to qualify for the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). Traditionally, Dutch fiscal policy sought to strike a balance between further reductions in public spending and lower tax and social security contributions. During the first half of the current decade, the government struggled to keep the budget deficit within the limit of 3% of GDP set by the EU’s Growth and Stability Pact. The government achieved a budget surplus of 0.5% in 2006, 0.2% in 2007, and 0.7% in 2008. This shifted to a deficit of 5.4% in 2009 as a result of the crisis, more specifically increased government spending on stimulus packages, unemployment benefits, and financial sector bailouts. The deficit remained the same in 2010, but improved to 4.2% in 2011. A deficit of 4.5% is projected for 2012, but the government is currently contemplating austerity measures that will allow the Netherlands to comply with the EU’s standards.. The government debt also increased rapidly from 45.5% in 2007 to 62.8% in 2010, and to 64.4% in 2011. The debt is expected to grow slowly to 64.5% in 2012. In order to fight against the increasing government debt and deficit levels, the government announced it was going to cut spending by $26 billion by 2015. The largest austerity measures include the downsizing of government ($8.5 billion) and cutting back on ‘income transfers,’ i.e., subsidies including child daycare and rent subsidies ($6.1 billion). There are other significant cutbacks, for example, on defense, culture and innovation subsidies, and development cooperation. 7

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

SPORTS DUTCH FOOTBALL 100 years ago Soccer was introduced to the Dutch by English students in the 1880s. It did not take long for the game to catch on, and the small country had its first official club by 1879. Pim Mulier founded the Haarlem Football Club, which at first played rugby football on a field that contained cattle and trees. Mulier also established the Dutch Football and Athletics Association, which was replaced by the Royal Dutch Football Association in 1929. A dutchman, C.A.W. Hirschmann, cofounded FIFA, Federation Internationale de Football Association, the current governing body of international soccer and the organizer of the World Cup.

May 1st - Amsterdam-North soccer team DWV forms Jun 1st - Stormvogels soccer team forms in Ijmuiden Jul 31st - RBC soccer team forms in Roosendaal Sep 11th - Netherland Olympic Committee forms Sep 19th - Soccer team NAC (Noad Advendo Combination) in Breda

BASQUE FOOTBALL 100 years ago ATHLETIC BILBAO Club colours. Atletic Bilbao began playing in an improvised white kit, but in the 1902-03 season the clubs first official strip became half blue, half white shirts Later a young student from Bilbao named Juan Elorduy, who was spending Christmas 1909 in London was charged by the club to buy 25 new shirts, but was unable to find enough. Waiting for the ship back to Bilbao and empty handed, Elorduy realised that the colours of the local team Southampton Football Club matched the colours of the City of Bilbao, and bought 50 shirts to take with him. Upon arriving in Bilbao, the clubs directors decided almost immediately to change the teams strip to the new colours, and since 1910 Athletic Club have played in red and white stripes. Of the 50 shirts bought by Elorduy half were then sent to Atlético Madrid which had originally begun as a youth branch of Bilbao.

SPARTA ROTTERDAM wins 1909, 1911. 1912 and 1913 Dutch leagues

afael Moreno Aranzadi, a football player of Athletic Bilbao, better known as "Pichichi". The trophy named the “Pichichi” in his honour is awarded to the top goalscorer in Spain's La Liga each season.

Pichichi in 1911

REAL SOCIEDAD Football

Athletic Bilbao

was introduced in Donostia-San Sebastián in the early 1900s by students and workers returning from Britain. the Sociedad de Futbol was formed on 7 September 1909. In 1910 Spanish clubs played in two rival cup competitions and Sociedad de Futbol Real Union won Kin’s cup 1913 Club Deportivo Izarraitz entered the Copa UECF as Vasconia de San Sebastian. In the same year the King Alfonso XIII of Spain, who used San Bare-handed pelota Sebastián as his summer capital, gave the club his patronage. They subsequently became known as Real Sociedad de Bare-handed, or pelota a mano, is the most popular variation of pelota Fútbol. among the Basque people. This version is particularly difficult, as ball weighing over 100 grams is hurled with the open bare hand. It is a fairly DUTCH 11 recent version, the rules laid down only in the last part of the 19th cenCITY SKATE tury. In the period from 1910-1920 the most famous players are Urcelay, Feb 7th 2012- 2nd Chiquito de Azkoitia, Errezabal and Gárate.

(Coen de Koenig wins (11:40)

The golden age of “remonte”.

his is a similar version to the known outside Europe as Jai-Alai (“happy feast” in Basque. It uses a special glove that extends into a long pointed curved basket. The basket in remonte flatter and doesn’t allow to retain the ball but hit it back at speeds as fast as 190 km p.h.

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

Robert F. Scott reaches South Pole. Jan 18th - English explorer Robert F Scott & his expedition reach South Pole, only to discover that Roald Amundsen had gotten there before. The first to reach the Geographic South Pole were Amundsen and his party on December 14, 1911. Amundsen's competitor Scott reached the Pole a month later.

Scott and his party die, during the return trip from the Pole. On the return trip Scott and his four companions all died of hunger and extreme cold. Frozen in time: the five members of Scott’s expedition who made it to the South Pole in 1912, but died on the return. From left: Oates, Bowers, Scott, Wilson and Evans.

Transantartika 2011Basque expedition reaches South Pole 100 hundred years after Scott’s first deed. One hundred years after Roald Amundsen and his team arrived at the South Pole, three Basque explorers travelled to the Antartic last winter. They used kites to go faster and made the South Pole in December 29th 2011. The Basque explorers Iñurrategi, Zabalza and Vallejo left the Amundsen-Scott base and reached the geographical centre of the Antartic continent after a long 1,200 km walk using kites to travel faster.

100 years ago and now

Dutch women and children

A coal miner in Limburg

A Dutch young couple

A Basque family in front of the farmhouse

Basque farmers’ shoes 9

Dutch children wearing clogs

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

Dutch and Basque people wearing their traditional costumes

A Basque family celebrating the visit of relatives from America

Dutch and Basque women wearing their traditional hair scarves

Basque woman and man

Dutch wife and husband

Basque town mayor

Dutch housewife

Dutch newly married Basque people in Donostia-San Sebastian 10

Basque farmers in the kitchen

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

100 years ago and now

An old tower house refurbished and trurned into a restaurant

The town hall still looks as in 1910.

txe Beltz. The palace of a duke. It got seriously burned and therefore got black with smoke and soot. Black is said “beltz” in Basque and “etxe” means house. Therefore Etxe Beltz after it was rebuilt.

Then and now in Azkoitia The parish church and neighbouring buildings remain the same. Etxe Beltz on the right hand side.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4w4_enyubLM&context=C339c185ADOEgsToPDskInPKIsYqibbhhUz3eBAKNJ http://elosurola.wordpress.com http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZY1GSUgtBSk&context=C3f04584ADOEgsToPDskILR3WekEdfY_98tsQwwa_z

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

Transport

Basque and Dutch farmers

zkoitiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s inhabitants got around by carriage and there were a couple of cars in the area. The roads were mainly for horse pulled carriages and an occasional omnibus, as it was called then, thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s to say a bus. Cars and buses started to be seen in the town in those years. Most work on the farms was done by oxen due to the steep fields in the area. However slow that was also the main ways of transport for heavy loads within the town boundaries.

Basque people in a bus of the time

There was a main road that crossed the town. Through this road inhabitants could go to Zumarraga where there was a train station and there was another road to go to Azpeitia and then to the coast of the Bay of Biscay.

Sixteen years later, in 1926, railway stations were built in Azkoitia, Azpeitia and Zestoa. The Urola train became a very popular means of transport in the years to come. In the 1990s this railway was dismantled in favour of road transport. Most people would agree now that it was a big error. The station building became the present-day public library.

Urola train. The former train station in Azkoitia, now the public library; and the train running today from the train museum in Azpeitia as far as Lasao next to Zestoa

Car-crash 2010. In February 2010 a Romanian drove by an accident with his truck into the Rhine. His navigation told him that there was a bridge and that he has to drive straight on and he trusted it. When he saw that it was wrong it was too late. By some machines the truck could be removed and he survived.

Car-crash 1910. On a Saturday morning around eleven o'clock, a car passed by the village Rijssenburg with quite a speed. From the other side was a daddy long legs coming, which couldn't dodge the speeding car. The car broke through, but in that move he hit a oil truck, which fell downside. An old man, who stood on the side, was hit and lightly wounded. The car drove into an ditch and the four passengers got out of the car, into the ditch. They came out of the ditch, covered with mud. They found shelter with a villa residents, where they could rest and clean themselves. The man was treated 12 and went back on his way.

As you can see today still happen the same things but the accident in 1910 was caused by human mistake and the accident in 2010 was caused by an electronic mistake. Nowadays are made many new inventions but as you can see they make mistakes too.

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

TITANIC GOES DOWN OFF CAPE Wrecked by Collision with an Iceberg. TERRIBLE LOSS OF LIFE. Saloon Passengers Picked up from the Boats.

HUGE DEATH-ROLL Fears that Only 655 Have Been Saved Only six hundred and fifty-five of the Titanic’s 2,358 passengers and crew on board have been saved.

“UNSINKABLE” News of the Loss a Blow to the Experts

Approximate position of other vessels at time Titanic struck the iceberg

he giant liner Titanic has gone down off Cape Race, and there is no longer any doubt that her loss has been accompanied by appalling loss of life. A telegram from New York, received in London today April 16, 1912 at 2.40 this morning, quotes a statement of Mr. Franklin, Vice-President of the White Star Line, that there has been a horrible loss of life.

Italian Cruise Ship Almost Reenacts ‘Titanic’

he cruise ship Costa Concordia partially sank on the night of 13 January 2012 after hitting a reef off the Italian coast and running aground at Isola del Giglio, requiring the evacuation of the 4,252 people on board. Thirty people are known to have died; 64 others were injured (at least two seriously) and 2 are still missing. Captain Francesco Schettino[ had deviated from the ship's computer-programmed route to treat people on Giglio Island to the spectacle of a close sail-past or near-shore salute. The ship hit a reef off Isola del Giglio and started to take in water, flooding the engine room and generators, causing the ship to drift for more than an hour off the eastern shore of Isola del Giglio before running aground and being evacuated. Ship's officers at first told passengers that the problem was a reparable "electrical fault". The captain delayed preparations to abandon ship. Soon after grounding, the ship listed more extremely, trapping people inside. Meanwhile, the captain left the ship during the evacuation and did not reboard despite orders by

The total loss of the Titanic will prove a great disappointment to her owners and builders, who believed her unsinkable. “The Titanic is unsinkable. Her bulkhead system is so complete that she cannot possibly go to the bottom.” That was what a representative of the builders informed and interviewer yesterday when the liner set off.

Mar 5th 1912- Spanish steamer "Principe de Asturias" sinks NE of Spain, 500 die

maritime officials. After the event, Schettino was arrested on preliminary charges of multiple manslaughter in connection with causing a shipwreck, failing to assist 300 passengers, and failing to be the last to leave the wreck.

The then and now TIMES / De KRANT van toen en nu/ Lehengo eta oraingo GARAIAK

SCHOOL

The teacher of La Salle and his students , in the old school which was in front of the parish. This school was built in 1843 and the order of La Salle got to Azkoitia from the Northern Basque Country in 1904.

A recreation of a school in the Netherlands one hundred years ago

School punishments were an everyday rule. No pain no gain.