CONTENTS
Cover Story
6-10
∑§fl⁄U S≈UÊ⁄UË
²FÀFIY SXWXF W`X dIY³³FüSX
Paradise Lost Its pristine beauty has attracted rulers for centuries together who even waged wars to rule the 'Paradise.' Due to its abundant glaciers which feed almost the whole sub-continent including India and Pakistan, Kashmir is also known as 'Water Tower...
10-13
Himalayas
13-14
Siting on a Tinder Box While one section believes that cracks are being caused because of abscence of drainage system others claimed that hydro electric projects which have been mushrooming in the area were the main cause because for these projects explosives...
18-20
Denuding Forest Cover
In fact, a series of political movements during last two decades have resulted in making the situation worse.The fact is that after the end of the Gorkhaland movement in 90's there had been a spurt in tourism which led to illegal construction on a large... Contribution Amout :
dSIYFa¦Fd´FAFm IYe þ¸Fe³F, ÀFOXIYFZa AF`S ·FU³FFZÔ ¸FZ AFBÊ QSFSXFaZ ÀFZ ¹FWFh QWVF°F RYÞ»` F ¦FBÊ W`XÜ þ¸Fe³F ²FÀFIY³FZ ÀFZ dSIYFa¦FFd´FAFZÔ IZY ·FdU¿¹F ´FS ÀFUF»F JOÞF WXFZ ¦F¹FF W`XÜ ´FcSF B»FFIYF ²FÀFIY°FF ³FþS AF SWF W`X dþÀFZ »FZIYS ´FiVFFÀF³F IZY WF±F ´FFaU RcY»F ¦FE W`XÜ ¸Fb£¹FF»F¹F IZY AFBÊ´FeE¨F, BadQSF ¸FFIÊYZ M, Ad¦Fj VF¸F³F IZYÔ ýi, ½¹FF´FFS¸FaO»F, dOX¦Fie...
´F¹FFʽFSX¯F IYe IYe¸F°F ´FSX...
India is home to an extraordinary variety of climatic regions, ranging from tropical in the south to temperate and alpine in the Himalayan north, where elevated regions receive sustained winter snowfall. The nation's climate is strongly influenced by the...
25/-
22-23
24-25
ֻܻ âÖè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ×ð´ ÕÙÙð ßæÜè Öêç×»Ì âéÚU´»ð ÚUæcÅþèØ ©‘¿ ×æ»ü-ww ·Ô¤ ª¤ÂÚU â×æÙæ´ÌÚU ãô´»èÐ ØçÎ Øð âéÚU´»ð ÿæçÌ»ýSÌ ãôÌè ãñ´, Ìô ÚUæcÅþèØ ©‘¿ ×æ»ü-ww âñ‹Ø ¿õç·¤Øæ´ Øæ ÂçÚUâÚU ÕéÚUè ÌÚUã ÿæçÌ»ýSÌ ãô â·¤Ìð ãñ´Ð ·¤éÀ ¥ÚUâð âð ¿èÙè ßðÕâæ§üÅU ÂÚU çã×æ¿Ü ·Ô¤ âæ×çÚU·¤ ×ãˆß ·Ô¤ SÍÜ, Õæ´Ï ß ãßæ§ü ¥Ç÷ïÇô´ ·¤æ ÎàææüÙæ Îðàæ ·¤è âéÚUÿææ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ç¿´Ìæ ·¤æ çßáØ ÕÙ »Øæ ãñ´...
QFdªFÊd»Fa¦F ´FSX ¸FaOXSXF SXWZX...
26-27
QFdþÊd»Fa¦F ³F¦FS´FFd»FIYF ³FZ ¶Fe°FZ ÀFF»F ¸FBÊ ¸FZÔ AFE ÓFMIYFZa IZY ¶FFQ LW ¸Fadþ»F ¹FF CÀFÀFZ DaX¨Fe B¸FFS°FFZÔ IZY ¸FFd»FIYFZa IYFZ IYFS¯F ¶F°FFAFZ ³FFZdMÀF ·FZþF ±FFÜ »FmdIY³F BÀF ¶FFSZX ¸FZÔ A¶F °FIY IYFZBÊ NXFZÀF ´Fi¦Fd°F ³FWeÔ WbXBÊ W`X...
IYWXFh ªFF¹FZÔ AF´FQF IZY ¸FFSmX
29-30
»FmdIY³F A¢ÀFS ¹FW QZJF ¦F¹FF W`X dIY dU·Fed¿FIYF IZY QF`SF³F þ³FÀFZUF IZY d»FE B¨LXbXIY AF´FQF ´Fi¶Fa²FIY d¸F»F°FF W`X °FFZ ÀFF¸FF³F ³FWeÔ d¸F»F°FF AF`S B²FS-C²FS RYFZ³F §F³F§F³FF³Fm IZY ¶FFQ ÀFF¸FF³F C´F»F¶²F WXFZ þF°FF W`X °FFZ AF´FQF ´Fi¶Fa²FIY ¸FFZ¶FFB»F ¶FaQ IYSIZY ÀFFZ¹FF WbXAF d¸F»F°FF W`X... For limited circulation only.
Disaster Management & Development (DMD) welcomes/ invites reaction, suggestions, articles, subscription related enquries from our valued readers. Please write/ mail us at : The Editor, Disaster management & Development, 1/122, Vijay Khand, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow- 226010, U.P., INDIA e-mail : editor@disastermgmt.in
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
Dear Readers,
Vol. 1, No. 2
February 2011
Chief Editor Dr. BHANU Managing Editor AP SINGH Editorial Consultant Savita Verma Reporting Team Sunita Mall Reeta Tiwari Anjana Singh Sanjeev Srivastava SK Singh Vijay Vineet
Editorial Office Disaster Management & Development 1/122, Vijay Khand, Gomti Nagar Lucknow- 226010, U.P., INDIA. Tele-Fax : + 91522-2304853 E-mail : editor@disastermgmt.in
Created by Kash Media Planet Pvt. Ltd. E-mail : kashmediaplanet@gmail.com Published by Dr Bhanu on behalf of Poorvanchal Gramin Vikas Sansthan 1/122 Vijay Khand, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow- 226010 and printed at Neelam Printing Press 41/381 Narhi, Lucknow- 226001.
India’s 1st Bilingual Monthly Publication on Disaster Management by
POORVANCHAL GRAMIN VIKAS SANSTHAN e-mail : pgvs.vasudeva@gmail.com
website : www.pgvsindia.org
PGVS Educates Communities & Institutions to Plan for Minimizing Disaster Risk
PGVS has started publishing “Disaster Management & Development (DMD)” magazine in January 2011. In it’s inaugural issue DMD has taken up the Tehri issue at length. It is intended to educate the citizens that “Single disaster can wipe out the developmental gains of decades”. Hence Reducing the Disaster Risk (DRR) in all developmental programs (Mainstreaming DRR) is the only way for sustainable development. The purpose of touching Himalaya in the begining itself, is with a firm belief that it's biodiversity conservation is very important for the survival of Asian countries inhabitants. We know that 60 million years ago Tethys sea was situated in place of Himalaya and it originated due to undercurrent of tectonic plates in the earth mass. Hence it becomes very important to know our land and implications of over exploitation of its resources. The issue before you is focused on Himalayas to understand and discuss it in detail. These on ground stories are from Kashmir, Himanchal, West Bengal, Sikkim and Uttarakhand. These stories on Himalaya have been written by different senior environment journalists. DMD is a monthly publication and it’s every issue shall be focused on certain themes. Next issue (March 2011) shall be focused on water. Kashmir has been a major attraction for tourists across the globe. It is very beautiful in all seasons. However, during the past few years, the state has been experiencing an erratic climate pattern. The state of Jammu and Kashmir is blessed with snow-clad mountains, gushing streams, mesmerizing landscapes guarded by lush green forests. Owing to its natural beauty, Kashmir is called a 'Paradise on Earth'. World's mountain glaciers are decreasing rapidly and many of which are already gone during this century. Studies have shown that 90 percent of mountain glaciers worldwide are visibly retreating as the planet warms. Their shrinking will lead to floods and acute water scarcity. Melting of the glaciers is contributing to floods in that region. But the most immediate, current, and long-term problem associated with disappearing glaciers will be water shortages leading to devastating droughts. Ecological Science has come with the concept of "planetary boundaries," in which nine critical boundaries/thresholds of the earth system have been recognised in relation to: (1) climate change (2) ocean acidification (3) stratospheric ozone depletion (4) the biogeochemical flow boundary (the nitrogen cycle and the phosphorus cycles) (5) global freshwater use (6) change in land use (7) biodiversity loss (8) atmospheric aerosol loading and (9) chemical pollution. Each of these is considered essential to maintaining the relatively benign climate and environmental conditions that have existed during the last twelve thousand years (the Holocene Epoch). The sustainable boundaries in three of these systems-climate change, biodiversity, and human interference with the nitrogen cycle-may have already been crossed. It is clear that approximately half of humanity-over three billion people, living in deep poverty need to have access to the requirements for a basic human existence such as housing, a secure food supply, clean water, and medical care. Though in the last few years a number of initiatives have been taken by the Government of India to strengthen and institutionalize the Disaster Management in India. In 2009 the GOI has announced a National Policy on Disaster Management following the National Disaster Management Act which came in 2005. In the past budgets the focus was always on the provisions for the expenditure on National Disaster Management programmes (both Natural & Man-Made disasters) to provide post disaster relief to the victims of disasters. In the budget provisions for 2010-11 Rs 545.86 Crore have been allocated for Disaster Management but again it was for the post disaster relief and nothing very significant efforts was being made on the Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) front. Now its high time to make a significat contribution in Reducing Risks and review our roles for saving the planet - Earth. Dr. Bhanu
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 3
Letters agement. Apart from this articles Review: DM Act & Policy in India and Disaster Management Policy are very informative and analytical, which gives clarity on the subject and also suggests how to go about. All the very best to the editorial team of this magazine. Dr H.K.Pillai, Disaster Management Consultant, Chennai.
Excellent beginning
An Appreciable Effort Seen the first issue of "Disaster Management & Development" magazine. It's a very good effort to address the issues related to disasters and development. The editorial "Why this magazine on disaster management" clearly states in detail why a magazine on this issue was really needed. This magazine will establish effective link and advocate the issues with all pillars of development. The cover story "Sinking Tehri..." is an eye opener and it has very clearly pointed out on the possible threats to a major ecological disaster in time to come.Considering the seriousness of the issue the concerned government officials and departments must take corrective measures to prevent such disasters. Congratulations to the DMD editorial team for this appreciable effort. Alok Joshi Editor Input,CNBC-AWAAZ,Mumbai.
A Complete Magazine Gone through all the stories of the inaugural issue of "Disaster Management & Development" magazine and could not believe that, this is the first issue of this magazine, as it has covered all the aspects of disaster management in a very effective manner. The stories Sinking Tehri, Flash Floods & Government Apathy, Bounty for Babus, Snow Carpets Entire Europe are very well reported and written with keeping in consideration all the important points which needs to be addressed in relation to disaster man-
Excellent beginning. The magazine will surely help in strengthening the learning on emergency management and disaster preparedness to a large audience as it is bi-lingual. I like the design and the quality of the content. Great work to you and your team. Vikas Gora International Peace Fellow, Rotary International, Delhi.
Greetings... Congratulations to the team behind creating a forum for capturing experiences and sharing them with a wide range of practitioners and policy makers Suneet Anand Knowledge Works, New Delhi. Badhai! Excellent. DMD Editorial Team ko bahut badhai. Dr.Seema Javed Greenpeace, New Delhi.
ÒçÇÁæSÅUÚU ×ñÙðÁ×ð´ÅU ÇðßÜÂ×ð´ÅUÓ ·Ô¤ ÕãæÙð Ùè´Î âð Á»æÙð ·Ô¤ çÜ° Çæ ÖæÙé ¥õÚU ©Ù·¤è ÅUè× ·¤ô ÕÏæ§üÐ ÕçÜüÙ âð ¥´ÁÙæ ·¤è çÚUÂôÅUü àææÙÎæÚU ÚUãèÐ ·¤ßÚU SÅUôÚUè ·Ô¤ çÜ° âçßÌæ ·¤ô âæÏêßæÎÐ Âç˜æ·¤æ ·Ô¤ Üð ¥æ©ÅU ·¤ô ¥õÚU ¥æ·¤áü·¤ ÕÙæØæ Áæ â·¤Ìæ ãñÐ ÎØæàæ´·¤ÚU àæé UÜ âæ»ÚU çßàæðá â´ßæÎÎæÌæ, çã´ÎéSÌæÙ, ܹ٪¤Ð
×ãˆßÂê‡æü Öêç×·¤æ çÙÖæ°»è Øã Âç˜æ·¤æ kAF´FQF ´Fi¶Fa²F³F EUa dUIYFÀFl ³FF¸FIY ´FdÂFIYF ¸FZÔ L´FZ k²FaÀFIY°FZ ´FWFOXÞ, RYM°Fe þ¸Fe³Fl dU¿F¹F ´FS ´FiÀ°Fb°F »FZJ IYFRYe ½¹FUdÀ±F°F EUa ÀFFZ¨F-ÀF¸FÓFIYS d»FJF ¦F¹FF W`XÜ ¦Fa¦FF IZY ¸F`QF³FFZÔ ¸FaZ SW³FZ UF»FZ »FFZ¦FFZÔ IYFZ ÀF¸FÓF³FF ¨FFdW¹FZ dIY dMWSe ¶FFa²F ·FdU¿¹F ¸FZÔ ¶FWbX°F ¶FOXÞe AF´FQF IYF IYFS¯F ¶F³F ÀFIY°FF W`XÜ AFþ UZ We »FFZ¦F dMWSe ¶FFa²F ÀFZ OS³FZ »F¦FZ W`ÔX þFZ EIY þ¸FF³FZ ¸FZÔ W¸F ¶FFa²F dUSXFZd²F¹FFZÔ IYFZ dUIYFÀF IYF QbV¸F³F IYWIYS C´FZdÃF°F IYS°FZ SWZX W`ÔXÜ CÀF ÀF¸F¹F dUIYFÀF AF`S A¶F dU³FFVF IYF IYFS¯F ÀF¸FÓF³FZ UF»FZ B³F »FF¦FFZÔ IYFZ QZS ÀFZ ¹FW ÀF¸FÓF ¸FZÔ AF¹FF W`X dIY dMWSe ¶FFa²F IZY ¨FFSXFZa AFZS ·FcÀJ»F³F ·Fe WXFZ³FF ±FF, dþÀFIYe ÀFa·FFU³FF¹FaZ dMWSe ¶FFa²F dUSXFZ²F IZY QF`SF³F IYBÊ U`ÄFFd³FIYFZa AF`S ·Fc¦F·FÊUZ°FFAFZÔ ³FZ QZVF IZY ÀFF¸F³FZ SJe ±FeÜ dMWSe ¶FFa²F þ¶F °FIY SWZX¦FF °F¶F °FIY ÀF¸FÀ¹FF IYF We IYFS¯F ¶F³FF SWZX¦FFÜ AF´F³FZ BÀFIYFZ ´FdÂFIYF ¸FZÔ CIZYS IYSIZY QZVF IZY »FFZ¦FFZÔ IYFZ AF´FQF IZY ÀFaQ·FÊ ¸FZÔ ¶F°FF³Fm IYF ¸FW°U´Fc¯FÊ ´Fi¹FFÀF dIY¹FF W`XÜ A·Fe CØFSFJ¯O ¸FZÔ 588 ¶FFa²F ¶F³FF³Fm IYe ¹FFZþ³FF¹FZÔ W`X, ¹FdQ ¹FZ ÀF¶F ¶FFa²F ¶F³F ¦F¹FZ °FFZ dW¸FF»F¹F °FFZ McMZ¦FF We ´FS³°Fb ¸F`QF³Fe ÀF·¹F°FF ·Fe °F¶FFW WXFZ þF¹FZ¦FeÜ ÀFbSZXVF ·FFBÊ ³FQe ¶F¨FFAFZ Ad·F¹FF³F MXe¸F, CØFSIYFVFeÜ
·¤æÈ¤è © ×èÎ ãñ ÏÚUÌè ·¤æ ÎÎü ÒçÇÁæSÅUÚU ×ñÙðÁ×ð´ÅU ÇðßÜÂ×ð´ÅUÓ ·¤æ ÂãÜæ ¥´·¤ ×ðÚUð âæ×Ùð ãñÐ ¥æÂÎæ¥ô´ âð çƒæÚUè §â ÎéçÙØæ ×ð´ ¥æÂÎæ ÂýÕ´ÏÙ ÂÚU Üô»ô´ ·¤ô Áæ»L¤·¤ ·¤ÚUÙð ·¤æ Øã àææÙÎæÚU ÎSÌæßðÁ ãñÐ §â âæÜ ØêÚUô ×ð´ ãé§ü ÖæÚUè ÕȤüÕæÚUè, © æÚUæ´¿Ü ·¤è ÁôÚUÎæÚU ÕæçÚUàæ âð ¥æ§ü ÌÕæãè Ùð ·¤§ü ¹ÌÚUÙæ·¤ â´·Ô¤Ì çΰ ãñ´Ð Øð â´·Ô¤Ì ã×ð âô¿Ùð ÂÚU ×ÁÕêÚU ·¤ÚUÌð ãñ´Ð ã× ÂØæüßÚU‡æèØ â´·¤ÅU ·Ô¤ ÎõÚU âð »éÁÚU ÚUãð ãñ´Ð © æÚU ¥æÏéçÙ·¤ Øé» ·¤è ¹éÜè ¥ÍüÃØßSÍæ ¥õÚU ¥æçÍü·¤ ÂýçÌSÂÏæü Ùð ã×æÚUð âæ×Ùð Ù§ü ¿éÙæñçÌØæ´ ¹Ç¸è ·¤è ãñ´Ð Ù§ü â ØÌæ ×ð´ ¥õlôç»·¤ R¤æ´çÌ âð ÂñÎæ ãé§ü R¤êÚUÌæ¥ô´ Ùð çß·¤æâ ·Ô¤ ¥æÏéçÙ·¤ ×æÇÜô´ ÂÚU ÂéÙçßü¿æÚU ·Ô¤ çÜ° ×ÁÕêÚU ·¤ÚU çÎØæ ãñÐ Ù§ü ¥õlôç»·¤ â´S·¤ëçÌ ¥õÚU ¥æÏéçÙ·¤ Âê´ÁèßæÎ ·¤æ ÎécÂçÚU‡ææ× ã×æÚUð âæ×Ùð ãñÐ ÏÚUÌè ·¤æ ÎÎü â×ÛæÙð ·Ô¤ çÜ° ã×ð´ ¥ÂÙð ÖèÌÚU °·¤ Ù§ü ÌÚUã ·¤è â´ßðÎÙàæèÜÌæ çß·¤çâÌ ·¤ÚUÙè ãô»èÐ ¥æÂÎæ ÂýÕ´ÏÙ ·Ô¤ âæÍ-âæÍ ã×ð´ Âý·¤ëçÌ ·¤è ¥ôÚU ÜõÅUÙð ·¤è °·¤ Ù§ü àæéL¤¥æÌ ·¤ÚUÙè ãô»èÐ Âý·¤ëçÌ ã×ð´ âæÍ Üð·¤ÚU ¿ÜÌè ãñ Ìô ã×ð´ Öè ©âð ¥ÂÙæ ã×âȤÚU ÕÙæÙæ ãô»æÐ Øð ã×æÚUè ÁL¤ÚUÌ ãñ ¥õÚU ×ÁÕêÚUè ÖèÐ ¥»ÚU ã× Âý·¤ëçÌ ·Ô¤ ç¹ÜæȤ ¹Ç¸ð ÚUãð Ìô ØêÚUô ·¤Öè çR¤â×â Ùãè´ ×Ùæ â·Ô¤»æÐ
4 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
¥æÂÎæ ÂýÕ´ÏÙ °ß´ çß·¤æâ ·¤æ ÂãÜæ ¥´·¤ ç×Üæ ¥õÚU §â ÂãÜð ¥´·¤ Ùð ãè §â·Ô¤ ÂýçÌ © ×èÎð´ Õɸæ ÎèÜ ¥æÂÎæ ÂýÕ´ÏÙ Áñâð ¥ã× çßáØ ÂÚU §â ÌÚUã ·¤è Âç˜æ·¤æ ·¤è ÕãéÌ Á¸M¤ÚUÌ ÍèÜ UØô´ç·¤ ¥æÂÎæ ÂýÕ´ÏÙ ·¤ô Üð·¤ÚU ÁÙâæÏæÚU‡æ ×ð´ Áæ»M¤·¤Ìæ ãôÙæ ÕãéÌ Á¸M¤ÚUè ãñ çÁâ×ð´ ˜æ-Âç˜æ·¤æ°¡ ÕãéÌ ×ãˆßÂê‡æü Öêç×·¤æ çÙÖæ â·¤Ìè ãñ´Ü çã´Îè ¥õÚU ¥´»ýðÁè ÎôÙô´ ×ð´ ãôÙæ §â·Ô¤ ÂñÙðÂÙ ·¤ô ¥õÚU Õɸæ ÎðÌæ ãñÜ ÂãæǸô´ âð â Õ´çÏÌ ¥æßÚU‡æ ·¤Íæ ¥õÚU Õæɸ âð â Õ´çÏÌ ¹ÕÚUô´ ×ð´ çÚUÂôçÅUZ» ÕãéÌ © Îæ ÙÁ¸ÚU ¥æÌè ãñÜ ÂãæǸô´ ·¤æ Ïâ·¤Ùæ °·¤ »´ÖèÚU â×SØæ ãñ çÁâ·Ô¤ â´·¤ÅU ·¤ô ’ØæÎæÌÚU Üô» ¥Öè Âã¿æÙ Ùãè´ ÚUãð ãñ´Ü ¥»ÚU â×Ø ÚUãÌð §â·Ô¤ çÙßæÚU‡æ ·Ô¤ ©ÂæØ Ùãè´ ç·¤Øð »° Ìô °·¤ ÕǸæ ÁÙ â×éÎæØ ×éâèÕÌ ×ð´ ÂǸ Áæ°»æÜ Õæɸ ·¤ô Üð·¤ÚU Ìô §â Îðàæ ×ð´ Îàæ·¤ô´ âð UØæ ©ÂæØ ãô ÚUãð ãñ´ Øð ç·¤âè âð ÀéÂæ Ùãè´ ãñÜ © ×èÎ ãñ ·¤è ¥æÂÎæ ÂýÕ´ÏÙ °ß´ çß·¤æâ ¥ÂÙð ©gðàØô´ ×ð´ âÈ¤Ü ÚUãð»è... ×ôçãÌ çןæ,ÖôÂæÜÜ Mail your letters on: editor@disastermgmt.in
World
CHANGE IN CLIMATE
A BIG BLOW TO NATIONAL EXCHEQUER Shikha Varshney From London fter facing a harsh summer a few months back, the Londoners are now facing a very cold season which has forced the normal life out of gear in many parts of the Britain.While schools and colleges have been closed sine die the winter is having its impact on rail,road and air traffic.In December ,the Heathrow was virtually closed for four days because the planes could neither landed nor could take off as the tarmac had a multi-inch layer of snow. The cold weather had also speeled doom for children because Santa Claus could not reach many places following freezed paths.Situation is worse in eastern parts of the country and in Scotland. Insurance agencies have estimated a loss of 4.8 billion pounds to the exchequer so far and if the situation did not improve it may touch 8.4 billion pounds.Weathermen have predicted that there will be no let up in the situation for next two months. The change
A
in climate was visible in Britain when the country faced an unprecedently warm weather in July and August .Such was the impact of change in weather that it had to be dealt with like a national calamity.The National Health Service(NHS) advised people to wear thin clothes and keep themselves cool with frequent sprinkling of water on their faces.In July 2010, the mercury touched 32 in London which was maximum in last 80 years. People were advised to stay in the coolest room because there are no fans in houses in London. Directives were issued by school authorities that the children should be armed with measures which can counter the onslaught of summer. Children were asked to carry water bottles and they were not allowed to play outside during intervals. Fire fighters have readied themselves to meet any emergency arising out of the fire in grass.The grass in Hayed park which normally remains lush green had become dry. All newspapers and electronic media
channels were flooded with suggestions to help fight the unexpected weather. As per a government website the tempearture of the outer atmosphere of the Earth has risen by 0.75 celsius since 1900 and scientists believe that 21st century this temperature will rise to the level of 6.4 degree celsius.The sea water in Britain has hotted up by 0.7 degree celsius which has resulted in increasing of the sea level.The rise in sea level will innundate places situated in its vicinity . Since 1766 from when the rain records are being kept ,The frequency of rains has risen in England and Wales.There had been many cases of a heavy downpour during last 45 years. In 2000 ,Britain faced worst rains which had never been so bad during last 270 years and now this country is paying a price of one Billion pounds every year.The rains and change in weather is also having its impact on animals and crops.The leading economist Stern in his report has pointed out that the climate change will deliver an advserse effect to the country and if measures were not taken in time Britishers will have to pay heavily owing to changing climate. Anomalies in rains will cause damage to crops in Central Asia and India and this will have its impact on Britain also. The United Kingdom Climate Impact Programme(UKCIP) has warned that people will have to face health hazards at a large level because of change in the climate .
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 5
Cover Story
PARADISE LOST KASHMIR FACES PANGS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Arif Shafi Wani From Srinagar
Jammu and Kashmir. Besides, Kashmir has been a major attraction of tourists across the globe who throng the 'paradise' in all seasons to enjoy its splendid beauty. However, during the past few years, the State has been experiencing an erratic climate pattern. Experts believe that the pangs of the global phenomenon, Climate Change has finally draped the Kashmir Valley.
Most of the irrigation and water supply schemes in the district have been estled between the towering affected due to tremendous depletion Himalayas, Jammu and Kashmir of water level in the streams. Due to is blessed with snow-clad felling of trees water has stopped of mountains, gushing streams, mesmerizooze out of the mountains and now ing landscapes guarded by lush green almost all the Nallahs, including Pahtra, forests. Owing to its natural beauty, Varni, Vaji, Hamal area of Rafiabad are Kashmir has earned a sobriquet of flowing at their lowest level. being a 'Paradise on Earth'. In past over a decade and previous Its pristine beauty has attracted two years in particular, the Valley witrulers for centuries nessed a sharp Its pristine beauty has attracted rulers for centuries together together who even depletion of the waged wars to rule Snow Cover—the who even waged wars to rule the 'Paradise.' Due to its abunthe 'Paradise.' Due spatial distribution dant glaciers which feed almost the whole sub-continent to its abundant including India and Pakistan, Kashmir is also known as 'Water of snow in an area glaciers which feed Tower of Asia'. which is maximum almost the whole in winter and melts sub-continent by the end of sumincluding India and Pakistan, Kashmir is INDICATORS OF CHANGE mer. Geo-scientists mention that Snow also known as 'Water Tower of Asia'. Experts blame mostly the internal Cover is different than the ice cover and Owing to Kashmir's immense hydro- factors particularly the unabated felling glaciers which are relatively permanent logical and ecological significance, India of trees and vandalization of water bod- in nature. and Pakistan since 1947 have fought ies, for exceptional climate change in The scientists of Department of three full-fledged wars and been Kashmir. Due to extensive felling of Geology and Geophysics of Kashmir indulging in inconclusive diplomatic and trees in upper reaches of Rafiabad area University which has been monitoring political battles. Incidentally, the of Varmul district in north Kashmir par- variability of snow cover, on the basis of Northern states of India are wholly ticularly in two decades, soil has started scientific studies maintains that the dependent on the electricity generated to erode and settle in the Jhelum, which decreasing trends in the snow cover by the power projects on the rivers of is the main water resource. distribution are quite discernible all
N
6 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
Cover Story over the Pir Panjal and the Himalayan range The scientists maintained that the decreasing trend in the snow cover coupled with increase in winter and summer temperatures has posed serious ecological and economic consequences for this mountainous state. In an unusual phenomenon Oranges which normally grow in high temperatures zones, sprouted in a garden in Srinagar in May, 2007. Pertinently Kashmir's climate is not suitable for cultivating oranges as its temperatures fall to sub-zero levels during winter. Oranges normally grow in the plains and usually are imported from Nagpur, which is one of the Country's hottest places. The Valley received only 20.7 mm rainfall in July 2009, a deficit of 35.2 mm from a normal 55.9mm affecting agriculture and horticulture sectors. On August 14, 2009, the Valley the mercury soared to record 35.11 degree Celsius. It was in August 1946, that the Valley had recorded the highest temperature at 36.7 degree Celsius. The rise in temperature in the Valley has almost closed the gap between Kashmir and Jammu regions whose climate is similar to New Delhi. In July 2009, the Wildlife authorities found barking deer, which are not endemic to the Valley, in north Kashmir's Tangmarg area. Experts say the climate change might have forced the deer, usually found in hotter
regions, including Jammu, to move into the Valley. Pertinently the Barking Deer or Muntjac are the oldest known deer, appearing 15-35 million years ago. The present day species are native to Southeast Asia and can also be found in hotter regions of India, Sri Lanka, Southern China, Taiwan, and Japan. On May 25, 2010, the temperature in Jammu city the temperature touched 45.5 degree Celsius, highest ever in the past eight years. Last time the maximum of 45.5 degree Celsius in this month was recorded in the year 2002 Two months later, the intermittent rains lashed plains in Kashmir while upper reaches witnessed untimely light snowfall. The rains resulted in a sharp dip in the day temperatures from 35 degrees Celsius to 14.8 degrees Celsius. Ironically the temperatures dropped sharply forcing people to wear woolen clothes in peak summers. More than 150 people were killed and 400 injured in flash floods triggered by a huge cloudburst in the Leh area of the Ladakh region in Jammu and Kashmir on August 6, 2010. The cloudburst had triggered mudslides which wiped out many houses and buried the inmates alive in Choglumsar village. On the basis of detailed analysis of weather data of last five years in Leh, Ladakh, scientists have attributed the cloudburst in Ladakh which is usually considered unnatural because it is a rain shadow area, mainly to prolonged
winters which may be due to climate change. The study 'Evaluation of climate change in Ladakh sector and causes of cloudburst' by Leh-based Defence Institute For High Altitude Research (DIHAR) has analyzed the weather data of the last five years in terms of monthly temperature, rainfall, humidity and snowfall. The study indicated that increased temperature and hot summers in the plains led to increased evaporation and subsequent cloud formation in the hills. This in turn, led to increased duration of snowfall in Ladakh when compared to previous years. However the study maintained that it will need long term data to analyze the other factors for the cloudburst. On December 30, 2010, the Kashmir received season's first snowfall after a decade in December. The meteorologists said they have registered precipitation in the month of December but mainly in the form of rain in the past one decade. Experts maintain that above instances of clearly point towards erratic climate pattern in the State due to climate change. MELTING GLACIERS Glaciers are important source of fresh water in Kashmir, and any change in the temperature or winter precipitation in the form of snowfall influences the flow in the hydrological system of
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 7
Cover Story
the Valley. Studies have established that Kolhai, one of the largest glaciers of Kashmir Himalayas has shrunk nearly 18 percent during past three decades. Pertinently Kolhai is the one of the largest sources of water in Jhelum which is termed as the lifeline of Kashmir as it supports irrigation and drinking water uses. Experts blamed the unprecedented increase in temperature, deforestation, increased activity of Gujjars (Nomads) near the glacier and high levels of pollution caused by the emission of greenhouse gases by military vehicles and cement plants for Kolhai's melting. Under Ministry of Environment and Forests, GOI, sponsored research project, Dr. Shakil A Romshoo of Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Kashmir, Romshoo said the glaciated area of Kolhai has undergone drastic changes in the recent past. He said the glacier area has shrunk from 13.87 sq. km in 1976 to 11.24 sq. km in 2006. In 1999, it was spread over an area of 12.98 sq. km and shrunk to 11.79 sq. km in 2001. “Eighteen percent of the glacier was lost during the last 30 years. The obser-
vations and hydrological simulations from the Lidder and Sind rivers are showing increased discharge trends due to increase in glacier melt runoff, and the snow cover has progressively declined in both the basins,” he said. Earlier a study on Kolhai Glacier conducted by remote sensing by the
been shrinking since the start of 19th century. But in the last decade it has been receding quite fast. The study says several small glaciers have disappeared completely in some areas, the thickness of glaciers has reduced by more than two-thirds, and most of the springs in the Valley have dried up, and the remaining are drying up. “The quantity of snowfall has been clearly reduced over the last some decades. Cement plants in the Kashmir Valley are producing heat-trapping gases that could lead to no snow in the plains in the next two decades,” the study says. The study further reveals that more than 300 military convoys producing high-level green house gases move across the Valley everyday. “The gases emitted by these vehicles disturb the atmosphere of the Valley. The annual Amaranth Yatra is proving disastrous to the fragile environment of the area,” it states. INTERVENTIONS In 2008, a team led by Prof Syed Iqbal Hasnain installed machinery including eights stakes and an automatic weather station powered by a solar panel at the glacier which will help to determine the glacier's recession rate in different seasons. The team has also installed water level measuring devises at Lidder to record the discharge from the Glacier. Based on the findings the team will recommend measures for the preservation of the glacier Prof Hasnain, it was for the first time that scientific studies sponsored by The International Environmental
Under Ministry of Environment and Forests, GOI, sponsored research project, Dr. Shakil A Romshoo of Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Kashmir, Romshoo said the glaciated area of Kolhai has undergone drastic changes in the recent past. He said the glacier area has shrunk from 13.87 sq. km in 1976 to 11.24 sq. km in 2006. In 1999, it was spread over an area of 12.98 sq. km and shrunk to 11.79 sq. km in 2001. National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad, revealed that its spatial extent has changed from 19.34 Km² in 1992 to 17.23 Km² in 2001, a net decrease of 2.11 Km² in 10 years. The rate of retreat in 2007 was 21.88 meters in the main snout. A study on glacier recession in Kashmir by Muneer Ahmad, an environmental expert from the National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad, says the Kolhai Glacier has
8 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
Organization and the Energy and Resources Institute New Delhi are sponsoring the study in collaboration with Indian Mountaineering Federation (IMF.) are being conducted on the glacier. “The studies will last for five years after which we will recommend measures to bring down the glacier's recession rate. Kolhai Glaciers has been selected for the studies as it is main source of water for the Valley. “In absence of measure to check the reces-
Cover Story sion of Kolhai, ecological catastrophe is imminent in Kashmir. Himalayan ecosystems including in the Valley are rapidly changing under the influence of global and regional warming. The Valley will turn into a desert with the melting of glaciers,' he warned. EXPERTS SPEAK Dr Romshoo blames the climate change to varied factors. He said the Valley has been observing clear and louder indications of climate change due to recession of glaciers, erratic and scanty precipitation, change of growing season, change in species composition, shifting of vegetation to higher altitudes and shrinking of wetlands. Romshoo who is also the convener of the Working Group on Climate Change Research at the Kashmir University said the analysis of vast repository of meteorological data for Mean Annual Temperature from 1893 up to 2010 in Kashmir shows a statistically significant increasing trend. “Both, mean minimum and maximum temperatures are also showing an increasing trend during the observation period. Glaciers are receding at a faster rate in the state compared to other glacial regions in the world. Climate change is likely to affect a number of sectors, particularly irrigated agriculture, horticulture, and hydropower capacity in the state. Changes in flow magnitudes are likely to raise tensions between India and Pakistan, in particular with regard to reduced water flows in the dry season and higher flows during the wet season, posing increased risk to hydropower development and higher frequency of floods in both parts of the Kashmir,” he said. He said the future temperature prediction scenarios generated over the Kashmir region using General Circulation Models and a region climate model signifies an increase of 2-5 degree centigrade. “I believe that by 2050, we will have much hotter summers than we have been experiencing for the last few years now, If the current global greenhouse gas emission scenario is not drastically brought down,” he said. He said for Jammu and Kashmir the increasing temperatures means a lot more than a just hotter summer and warm winters. “Every sector of our economy shall be adversely impacted by the climate change. Already, we have observed decreasing precipitation trends including snow over the Kashmir
region by observing the data and model simulations since 1893-2009. The warmer temperatures in winter shall mean less accumulation of snow and more recession of glaciers in the region. This would ultimately affect our agricul-
Glaciers are receding at a faster rate in the state compared to other glacial regions in the world. Climate change is likely to affect a number of sectors, particularly irrigated agriculture, horticulture, and hydropower capacity in the state. Changes in flow magnitudes are likely to raise tensions between India and Pakistan, in particular with regard to reduced water flows in the dry season and higher flows during the wet season, posing increased risk to hydropower development and higher frequency of floods in both parts of the Kashmir,” ture due to floods” he said. “It should be a matter of concern to all of us that the state lacks a long historical time series of hydrometeorological observations. Though, modern scientific data analysis and climate models
do allow us to simulate hydrometeorological observations based on the past and existing time series but the opportunity to observe such variables in the past has been lost forever. At least now, we should rise to the occasion and build, on priority, an adequate network of observations for environmental variables related to primary processes of atmosphere, land, water, snow etc. throughout the state,” he said. Senior scientist of Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences (SKUAST), Shafiq ul Rehman said spurt rise in temperature had affected crops across the Valley. “Climate change has affected the frequency of rains in the Valley. Besides the increase in temperature after sporadic rains dries up soil which gradually affects its fertility. This has led to decrease in ground water and triggered contamination of surface water. The rise is temperature has drastically affected the rice crop,” he said. Besides humans, the temperature increase has severely affected the animals. “It has impacted their production, productivity, reproductive hours and procreation process. They become more susceptible to parasitic infections,” a veterinarian said. The head of Disaster Management Cell of Jammu and Kashmir Government, Aamir Ali, said it was high
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 9
Cover Story time to take eco-friendly measures to save the Valley from ill-effects of global warming. “We plan to go for massive afforestation, rain water harvesting and conservation of our water bodies. This would help to maintain the temperature around normal level,” Aamir said. HOPE The University of Kashmir has identified Climate Change as a thrust area of research and has been seeking collaborations and partnerships with the reputed national institutes like ISRO, DRDO, TERI, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology and international institutes including Cambridge University, UK, University of California, USA and Newcastle University, UK, to initiate a long term research program on Climate Change on Kashmir Himalayas. The University of Kashmir has recently formed the Working Group on Climate Change (WG-CCR) that shall suggest a strategic plan that outlines the policies and actions required to be taken by the different organizations in the state to mitigate and adapt to the climate change effects. An international workshop on “Fixing Climate Change in Kashmir Valley”, with collaborative support from these institutes is being organized by the University a few years ago. A regional Climate Change Model developed by the UK's Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research is being setup at the University to predict the future climate change scenarios and their impacts on water resources availability in the state. “Similarly, we plan to use regional crop growth model driven by the simulations from the Climate Model to predict the changes in the yields of main agricultural crops under the predicted climate scenarios. The model is also being used to generate impacts of climate change on vegetation, biodiversity and land use, cover in the state. It is expected that these collective efforts and research collaborations would contribute to the better understanding of the Climate Change linkages to the local environmental problems and ultimately lead to the development of a strategy to mitigate and adapt the climate change in the region,” Dr Romshoo said. -The writer is a senior journalist. He is the recipient of Sher-e-Kashmir Award, the Ozone Award for best environmental reporting in 2008, best environmental and tourism reportage 2009.
HIMALAYAS 0 Dr Bhanu
T
he Himalaya, meaning "abode of snow", is a mountain range in Asia, separating the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. By extension, it is also the name of a massive mountain system that includes the Karakoram, the Hindu Kush, and other, lesser, ranges that extend out from the Pamir Knot. The Continental Shuffle Over two hundred fifty million years ago, India, Africa, Australia, and South America were all one continent called Pangea. Over the next several million years, this giant southern continent proceeded to break up, forming the continents we know today. Pangea essentially turned inside out, the edges of the old continent becoming the collision zones of new continents. Africa, South America, and Antarctica began to fragment. If these mountains were not there, the rain clouds sweeping up from the Indian Ocean would have passed over the Indian subcontinent into central Asia leaving south Asia a burning desert. Himalaya can be divided into three distinct areas:
10 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
Greater Himalayas - The average height of the Greater Himalayas is about 6000 meter. This range consist of three mountains, namely Mount Godwin-Austen or K2, Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga. Outer Himalayas - The Outer Himalaya has an average altitude of 900 to 1200 meter. This mountain range is situated between the Indo-Gangetic Plain and the Lesser Himalayas. Lesser Himalayas - In the north western part of India, the Lesser Himalayas is situated. The approximate height of Lesser Himalayas is about 1500 to 5000 meter. Many of the important hill stations like Darjiling and Simla are located in the Lesser Himalayas. Mountain Range of Himalaya The major mountain ranges are 1- Main Himalayan Range, 2- Pir Panjal Range, 3- Dhaula Dhar Range, 4- Siwalik Hills, 5- Zanskar Range, 6- Ladakh Range, & 7- East Korakoram Range Main Himalaya Range This is the principal mountain range dividing the Indian subcontinent from Nanga Parbat in the west, the range stretches for over 2,000-km to the mountains bordering Sikkim and Bhutan in the east. The west Himalaya
Cover Story is the part of this range that divides Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh from Ladakh. The highest mountains here are Nun and Kun. In Kashmir the subsidiary ridges of the Himalaya include the North Sonarmarg, Kolahoi and Amarnath ranges. Major Passes The major passes over the main Himalaya range include the Zoji la, at the head of the Sindh valley; the Boktol pass, at the head of the Warvan valley; the Umasi la in the Kishtwar region; and Thekang la and the Shingo la between Lahaul and the Zanskar region of Ladakh. It also includes the Pin Parbati pass between Lahaul and the Zanskar region of Ladakh, the Pin Parbati pass between the Kullu valley and Spiti, while in Kinnaur it is traversed when crossing the Charang la in the Kinnaur Kailash range. The River System of Himalaya It was a collision of plates that formed mountain ranges right across asia, including the karakoram, the
pamirs, the Hindukush, the Tien Shan and the Kun Lun. The Himalayan mountains, are still being formed, rising and assuming complex profiles. Mt. Kailash was believed to be the centre of the universe with the River systems of - the Indus, the Brahmaputra, and the Sutlej.
Himalayan Glaciers V.K.Raina, Geological Survey of India, with 36 years of service and extensive research on the geology and the glaciers of the Himalayas, says in his Discussion Paper: “Himalayan Glaciers: A Stateof-Art Review of Glacial Studies, Glacial Retreat and Climate Change�.: Glacier Monitoring in the Indian Himalayas started in the early 20th century, when 20 odd glaciers in the Himalayas, located across the Indian Himalayas, from Jammu and Kashmir in north-west to Sikkim in northeast, began to be monitored by the Geological Survey of India (GSI), the organisation that was entrusted with the task. Data that has been generated from the glacier studies, in the Himalayas, over the last 100 years or so, indicates that the glaciers, in the Himalayas, have been, by and large, shrinking and retreating continuously, barring a flip here and there, but the rate of retreat can not be considered as alarming/ abnormal, especially in the last decade or so. To illustrate the point, example of a few glaciers, from the various physiographic zones of the Himalayas, those having an observation
record of more than 100 years, is sited below. A few glaciers can not be taken as the representative of around 10,000 glaciers of various sizes that exist in the Indian part of the Himalayas. All the same, these have been selected specifically, as there had been reports, floating around, that these glaciers were under going an abnormal retreat, due to global warming, and were likely to vanish in next 50 odd years or so. The GSI began making a repository of all the data generated. The analysis showed that most glaciers were retreating or showing degenerated conditions along the glacier front. The average annual retreat was around 5m, although a few glaciers were observed to have higher retreat, such as the Pindari glacier in the Central Himalayas which was observed to have an annual retreat of 810m1. Studies also revealed that fl uctuation of the glacier snout is not a simple phenomenon that can be attributed to climate change, but in fact is the result of complex regional and local phenomenon. Glaciers in the Himalayas, over a period of the last 100 years, behave in contrasting ways. As an example, Sonapani
All flowing from its snowy ridges and maintaining the courses. The Sutlej was able to maintain its course flowing directly from Tibet through the main Himalaya range to the Indian subcontinent, while the huge gorges on both flanks of the glacier has retreated by about 500m during the last one hundred years. On the other hand, Kangriz glacier has practically not retreated even an inch in the same period. Siachen glacier is believed to have shown an advance of about 700m between 1862 and 1909, followed by an equally rapid retreat of around 400m between 1929 and 1958, and hardly any retreat during the last 50 years. Gangotri glacier, which had hitherto been showing a rather rapid retreat, along its glacier front, at an average of around 20m per year till up to 2000 AD, has since slowed down considerably, and between September 2007 and June2009 is practically at a standstill. The same is true of the Bhagirathkharak and Zemu glaciers. It is premature to make a statement that glaciers in the Himalayas are retreating abnormally because of theglobal warming. A glacier is affected by a range of physical features and a complex interplay of climatic factors. It is therefore unlikely that the snout movement of any glacier can be claimed to be a result of periodic climate variation until many centuries of observations become available. While glacier movementsare primarily due to climate and snowfall, snout movements appear to be peculiar to each particular glacier.
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 11
Cover Story
Himalaya reflect the ability of the Indus and the Brahmaputra to follow their original courses. The Indus flows west until it rounds the Himalaya by the Nanga Parbat Massif, while the Brahmaputra flows eastwards for nearly 1000-kms around the Assam Himalayas and descends to the Bay of Bengal. Rivers of Himalayas The Five main rivers are also called as Five Sisters, these are: Indus River, Sutlej River, Chenab River, Beas River, Ravi River Other rivers Jhelum River, Spiti River, Ganga Or Ganges River, Yamuna River, Brahmaputra River Climate of Himalaya - India India is home to an extraordinary variety of climatic regions, ranging from tropical in the south to temperate and alpine in the Himalayan north, where elevated regions receive sustained winter snowfall. The nation's climate is strongly influenced by the Himalayas and the Thar Desert. The Himalayas, along with the Hindu Kush mountains in Pakistan, prevent cold Central Asian katabatic winds from blowing in, keeping the bulk of the Indian subcontinent warmer than most locations at similar latitudes. Simultaneously, the Thar Desert plays a role in attracting moisture-laden southwest summer monsoon winds that, between June and October, provide the majority of India's rainfall. Four major climatic groupings predominate, into which fall seven climatic zones that, as designated by experts, are defined on the basis of such traits as temperature and precipitation Disasters in Himalayan Region and India
Climate-related natural disasters cause massive losses of Indian life and property. Droughts, flash floods, cyclones, avalanches, landslides brought on by torrential rains, and snowstorms pose the greatest threats. Other dangers include frequent summer dust storms, which usually track from north to south; they cause extensive property damage in North India and deposit large amounts of dust from arid regions. Hail is also common in parts of India, causing severe damage to standing crops such as rice and wheat.
India is home to an extraordinary variety of climatic regions, ranging from tropical in the south to temperate and alpine in the Himalayan north, where elevated regions receive sustained winter snowfall. The nation's climate is strongly influenced by the Himalayas and the Thar Desert. Landslides In the Lower Himalaya, landslides are common. The young age of the region's hills result in labile rock formations, which are susceptible to slippages. Rising population and development pressures, particularly from logging and tourism, cause deforestation. The result, denuded hillsides, exacerbates the severity of landslides, since tree cover impedes the downhill flow of water. Parts of the Western Ghats also suffer from low-intensity landslides. Avalanches occur in Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Sikkim.
12 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
Floods Floods are the most common natural disaster in India. The heavy southwest monsoon rains cause the Brahmaputra and other rivers often flooding surrounding areas. Though they provide rice paddy farmers with a largely dependable source of natural irrigation and fertilisation, the floods can kill thousands and displace millions. Almost all of India is flood-prone, and extreme precipitation events, such as flash floods and torrential rains, have become increasingly common in central India over the past several decades, coinciding with rising temperatures. Cyclones Tropical cyclones, which are severe storms affects millions of Indians living in coastal regions. Its genesis is particularly common in the northern reaches of the Indian Ocean in and around the Bay of Bengal. Cyclones bring with them heavy rains, storm surges, and winds that often cut affected areas off from relief and supplies. Droughts Indian agriculture is heavily dependent on the monsoon as a source of water. In some parts of India, the failure of the monsoons result in water shortages, resulting in below-average crop yields. This is particularly true of major drought-prone regions such as southern and eastern Maharashtra, northern Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Gujarat, and Rajasthan. In the past, droughts have periodically led to major Indian famines. These include the Bengal famine of 1770, in which up to one third of the population in affected areas died; the 1876–1877 famine, in which over five million people died; the 1899 famine, in which over 4.5 million died; and the
Cover Story Bengal famine of 1943, in which over five million died from starvation and famine-related illnesses. Extreme temperature Alwar, on the fringes of the Thar Desert, registered a temperature of 50.6 °C (123.1 °F), India's highest. India's lowest recorded temperature was -45 °C (-49 °F) in Dras, Ladakh, in eastern Jammu and Kashmir; however, the reading was taken with non-standard equipment. Readings as low as 30.6 °C (-23.1 °F) have been taken in Leh, further east in Ladakh. The average annual Rainfall of 11,871 millimetres (467 in) in the village of Mawsynram, in the hilly northeastern state of Meghalaya, is the highest recorded in Asia, and possibly on Earth. Remote regions of Jammu and Kashmir, such as Baramulla district in the east and the Pir Panjal Range in the southeast, experience exceptionally heavy snowfall. Kashmir's highest recorded monthly snowfall occurred in February 1967, when 8.4 metres (27.6 ft) fell in Gulmarg, though the IMD has recorded snowdrifts up to 12 metres (39.4 ft) in several Kashmiri districts. In February 2005, more than 200 people died when, in four days, a western disturbance brought up to 2 metres (6.6 ft) of snowfall to parts of the state. Thousands of people have been displaced by ongoing sea level rises that have submerged low-lying islands in the Sundarbans. Temperature rises on the Tibetan Plateau are causing Himalayan glaciers to retreat, threatening the flow rate of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, Yamuna, and other major rivers; the livelihoods of hundreds of thousands of farmers depend on these rivers. A 2007 World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) report states that the Indus River may run dry for the same reason. Severe landslides and floods are projected to become increasingly common in such states as Assam. Ecological disasters, such as a 1998 coral bleaching event that killed off more than 70% of corals in the reef ecosystems off Lakshadweep and the Andamans, and was brought on by elevated ocean temperatures due to global warming, are also projected to become increasingly common.
HIMALAYAN TOWN
SITTING ON A TINDER BOX Raj Kumar Negi From Rikangpio racks have appeared in government buildings ,individual houses and commercial establishments allover the Rikangpio town ,the district headquarter of Kinnaur district in Himanchal Pradesh .Cracks as big as five to six inches have caused a panic in the town with a population of nearly 40,000. The geologists have warned that the placeis likely to be cave in in near future and the government has forcibly vacated a number of buildings and houses in case of any eventuality.
C
Such alarming is the situation that cracks are visible in the Fire Station building, office of the Vypar Mandal,the degree college building causing a panic among local residents. None is aware of the reason behind these cracks and the government has put different teams of the geological Survey of India (GSI) into service to find the cause behind the development. The town appears to be jinxed and is likely to be obliterated from the world map. While the government has forcibly vacated all dwelling and commercial units which have developed cracks and also bulldozed
References “Himalayan Glaciers: A State of-Art Review of Glacial Studies, Glacial Retreat and Climate Change”-Dr Raina. Wikipedia info. Glaciology of the Indian Himalaya. GSI’s Special Publications. Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 13
Cover Story the Vypar Mandal building so that its debris cannot damage the adjacent Indira Market. The Public Works Department (PWD) had kept a close eye on these cracks from November 1 to December 18 last year and observed that the cracks very getting larger by five to six inches on an average.The reason behind bizarre and macabre development is not known to anyone but the locals blame it to non-existence of the sewarge system as a result of which water is going down in mountains causing cracks in the buildings. "The GSI has submitted its report to the government and we have requested that findings of the report be known to us soon so that we can take ncessary measures to avoid further damage." said Sunil Chaudhary,the Deputy Commissioner of Kinnaur. While the official failed to come out with reasons causing cracks, the former Assembly Speaker, Jagat Singh Negi said that lack of sewearge system in entire Rikangpio town has caused the damage and this cracks have now started affecting the roads also. While one section believes that cracks are being caused because of abscence of drainage system others claimed that hydro electric projects which have been mushrooming in the area were the main cause because for these projects explosives were used on a large scale to make way for mines and this caused cracks in buildings. "The private players who own these hydro electric projects have gone for a heavyblasting to pave for mines instead of controlled blasting which should be followed because of fragile nature of rocks in this part.," alleged R.S.Negi,the Convenor of the Himlok Jagran Manch. The environmentalist, however, have pointed out that both the nonpresence of drainage system and hydro electric projects were responsible for the cracks. Reasons apart,the local administration has started attempts to ensure that cracks may not appear on remaining buildings .The adminsitration is filling these cracks on a large scale but this appears to be an inadequate step to deal with such a problem. Locals are apprehensive that these cracks will be developed more once the snow started melting but none is paying any attention to this prospect.Kinnaur remains cut off to rest of the country during the snowfall and so far the area has experienced a heavy snowfall.
EMPLOYEES & PRIVATE PLAYERS NEXUS
POSING A THREAT TO NATIONAL SECURITY Sushil Kumar From Kinnaur cartel of government employees ,ministers and private players has put a question mark on National security and environment in Kinnaur which is situated in outmost corner of Himanchal Pradesh bordering the China. This nexsus is also openly violatinbg the Forest Land Act in which handing over of the land in area to outsiders is prohibited but a number of outsiders are operating with a free hand on atleast five hydro-electricity projects which have assumed shape on Sutlej river and its tributaries . Agitated with continued violation of the Act and exposing of the area to foreigners the local had held a series of agitatation here but of no avail because the law enforcers have become the law breakers in this region.Its proximity with China the aerial distance of which is as low as 20 kms has also turned the place hyper sensitive in connection with any eventuality. Such close China is to the region that damage to any of the ongoing hydro electric projects can lead to flash floods and landslides in which thousands are feared to have lost their lives or rendered homeless. While the government has turned a blind eye towards the issue ,the High Court while taking a suo moto notion has directed that a single member commission should be formed to bring to fore the problems being faced by locals and the issue of national security.The
A
14 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
Commission led by Abhay Shukla, Additional Chief Secretary (forest) has submitted its report which may have several discrepancies but one thing it has made abundantly clear that from now onwards there should be "no more" (construction). "We have been raising the issue for a long time but none is paying any heed .The issue is linked with national security and should be dealt with an immediate attention but the government is not making any attempt," Said Kulbhushan Upmanyu ,a leader of the Himalaya Policy Campaign Committee which has so far raised the issue in public for a number of times. With a population of nearly 80,000 this region is the border area and is situated in the North-East direction.It's borders are connected with Tibet and China.There used to be traditional business between the two countries which was carried out through the Shipki Pass but this route had to be closed following a war with China in 1962. The state government is willing to earn maximum money through full utilisation of the hydro electric projects but in this process the national security has been kept at a stake .The existing hydro electric projects are NathpaJhakri(1500 MW) ,Sanjay Project(120 MW) ,Baspa 2(300 MW) and Rukti(115 MW) while those under construction are Karcham-Wangtu (1000MW), Kashang (66MW) and Shorang (100MW) .While other projects which have been approved but the construc-
Cover Story tion is yet to be started are KhabShyaso (1020MW), Jangi-Thopan (480MW), Thopan-Powari (480MW). Shoktong-Karcham (402MW) and Tisong (100 MW). besides these projects like Shayso-Spilo (500MW), Chango-Yangthung (200MW), Yangthang- Khab (200 MW) and Baspa 1 (300MW) are few of the minor projects which are awaiting a clearance. In Kinnaur ,the Indo-Sino borders extends upto 150 kms. The sutlej river also flows nearly from the international border and a majority of these projects are within the 5 to 20 kms. aerial distance from China which can be dangerous whenever there is a war between the two countries. The most surprising thing about these hydro projects is that the state government had even not care to seek the no objection certificates from the Defence and Foreign ministry before giving a go ahead to these projects which is running very close to the neighbouring and powerful China which even had a war with India once. Even the Hiamchal Pradesh land Transfer Act (amended) -1968 and Hiamchal Pradesh Panchayati Raj (amended) Act have made a provision of seeking approval of the Gram Sabha before transferring of land in the region which has been declared a scheduled area under article 244 of the constitution. Karcham-Wangtu (1000MW) project is one among the many which are coming up on Sutlej river. Despite a heavy protest from locals,the government at the centre has given a clearance to it in 2006.The locals alleged that because of laying of mines for these projects there water reservoirs have not only dried up but it has also exposed the region to landslides. The government is taking issues here half-heartedly .The environment impact report of this project is not only incomplete but also unscientific . The report did not mention that the area is hyper sensitive to earthquakes. Similar protests were also lodged when the Khab hydro electric project came into being in 2006.This project is in vicinity of the Chia borders.People have yet not forgotten the damagedone during the flash floods in Sutlej in 2000 and 2004in which thousands were rendered homeless . Locals are now fed up with non seriousnes of the state government towards these and they gave vent to their ire against the system by boycotting the Panchayat polls in December ‘10 and January this year.
SIKKIM
SITTING ON A POWDER KEG Kumar Prateek From Gangtok ikkim is one of the most beautiful and strategically important states of the Indian Union. Sikkim is a picture of perfection and pristine purity. Nestled in the Himalayas and endowed with exceptional natural resources, Sikkim is a hotspot of biodiversity and development. The state may be one of the most beautiful places on the earth, but it is living dangerously like its neighbour Darjeeling. The experts believe that although soil erosion and its conservation are important to cause landslides, the evolution or rising of young mountains is
S
the basic reasons for frequent landslide hazards in the Himalayan region. The rise of young mountains accentuates unstable geological structure, tectonic disturbances, parallel subsidence of Himalayan slopes. The soil of this hilly tract comprises of gneiss, schists and Phyllites. Soil erosion increases these days due to extensive root crops cultivation. Moreover, the hilly area is devoid of any soil deposition. As a result, hilly tracts are vulnerable to soil erosion. Finally, the excessive amount of forest depletion also makes the hilly soil severely vulnerable. In 2001, Professors Roger Bilham,
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 15
Cover Story Vinod K. Gaur and Peter Molnar pointed out in their research paper in the journal science ('Himalayan Seismic Hazard') that “several lines of evidence show that one or more great earthquakes may be overdue in a large fraction of the Himalayas, threatening millions of people in that region.” According to them, six regions in the Himalayas have the potential to generate earthquakes of a magnitude greater than 8. One of these high-risk zones lies in the Darjeeling range of the Himalayas. There is a possibility that parts of the Himalayas that have not been ruptured in major earthquakes for the last 500 to 700 years will be associ-
ated with slip on faults (fractured surfaces on which earthquakes originate) exceeding 10 meters. “Eastern Part of the Himalayas is youngest part of this mountain. Naturally, rock foundations are not solid and this range is fragile,” Says Animesh Basu, Convener of the Siliguri based Himalayan Nature and Adventure Foundation, an NGO working towards saving these hills. He says that all the roads were made during the British era. Then the load and number of vehicles plying on them was much lower. But it has increased at least a hundred times by then. That is one of the reasons why the hills are crumbling.
16 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
The Darjeeling-Sikkim range is seismically dangerous because it has not experienced any big earthquake in recorded history. Studies conducted for the past several years by a team from the Centre for Mathematical Modeling and Computer Simulation of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Centre (CSIR) suggest that strains are gradually accumulating in this region. According to Prof. Gaur, leader of the team, the area is ripe for a big earthquake. There is a possibility that a large amount of stored strain energy might be released, creating a devastating earthquake. The structure of the Himalayas is
Cover Story characterised by fold-and-thrust belts containing a number of large faults separating gigantic sheets of rock masses. The sheets move southward because of the collisional effects of the Indian and Eurasian plates. The sheets move periodically, and during these movements accumulated strains are released in the form of earthquakes. The youngest fault in the Himalayan fold-and-thrust belts, called the Main Frontal Thrust (MFT), which extends into the Indo-Gangetic planes in front of the Himalayas, is also likely to be very active seismically. Any substantial movement along this fault will release tremendous energy in the form of seismic waves. A series of dams have been proposed on the river Teesta, which might have an adverse effect on the already sensitive seismic zone in the DarjeelingSikkim area. The issue here is not about the dams' failure during an earthquake but about the damage that will be caused to the area by the quake. The river Teesta carries one of largest sediment loads in the world. Therefore, there will be a lot of sediment accumulation in the reservoirs created by the dams. This load is only going to increase because it is being predicted that the water level of the Teesta will rise considerably as the glaciers feeding it are melting at an accelerated rate as a result of global warning. If there are active faults in the area, there is a risk of cutting short the already burning fuse by increasing the stress on the system. The warning is based on the realisa-
A series of dams have been proposed on the river Teesta, which might have an adverse effect on the already sensitive seismic zone.The issue is not about the dams' failure during an earthquake but about the damage that will be caused to the area by the quake. tion that a certain amount of strain needs to build up in the rocks before they can rupture and cause earthquakes. Such stress may require hundreds to thousands of years, or a few days. In a given area, any accurate prediction of this interval prior to a big earthquake is impossible. The clock of course, is reset every time an earthquake occurs. The Arunachal Himalaya and central Nepal Himalaya are relatively safer as they have experienced
major earthquakes in 1950 and 1934 respectively. The Darjeeling-Sikkim area and western Bhutan have not. Since the Himalaya is a seismically active mountain chain, it is not a question of 'if' an earthquake occurs, but 'when.' The Darjeeling-Sikkim area is sitting on ticking time bombs set up on the Teesta dams and we have no means of knowing when the clock started. While progress is being made on the Teesta dams, no awareness programmes have been launched. As a result this once favourite picnic spot has now become forbidden to tourists. Diversion of the Teesta river through two tunnels for implementing a 510 mega watt hydel plant in Sikkim, would also be executed very soon. In any hydel project, diversion of the river on which it is commissioned is regarded as a major achievement. “These mega dams added with illegal construction are taking its toll on the Himalayas. We are cutting the trees and mountains as per our requirements without giving heed to geological situation here. So, the nature is now taking its revenge,� adds Basu. He says that now linking Sikkim with railways and a proposal by army to construct an alternative road to capital Gangtok through Jaldhaka, Jhalong and Neoravalley forest, which is
rich with natural resources, will have a very adverse impact on the mountains. Experts say, So far disasters caused by landslides, earthquakes, floods etc. have not lead to large scale human tragedy in Sikkim in recent memory. However, there is ever increasing human demand of natural resources, especially land for urban development and mega dams in an apparently unsustainable manner, making some of the denizens to adapt and survive at dangerous margins. Basu says that we must not delay in formulating a strict code for construction of buildings and high-rise structures. Steps should also be taken to strengthen the existing vital structures and buildings such as schools, hospitals etc in the seismically active areas. An earthquake of magnitude 6 or more in the area would make the alluvium and sand temporarily 'liquified'. Buildings will topple or collapse automatically. Experts say that a detailed plan of action is needed to tackle the problem of a big earthquake in the Darjeeling-Sikkim range. The government, town planners, and other civic bodies should chalk out strategies keeping in mind the seismicity of the area. But will someone take the responsibility, Basu wonders.
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 17
Cover Story
HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS
DENUDING FOREST COVER Reeta Tiwari From Darjeeling
U
nhindered and illegal mushrooming of multi-storey buildings and continued erosion in the forest cover due to neglect of officials concerned have put a question mark on survival of Darjeeling ,known to be the queen of hills in West Bengal.Situation is such that entire town is set to be wiped out with an earthquake measure even below on the richter scale. Every year this region has to suffer human and concrete losses in rainy season which generally leads to landslides. despite this scenario the surging crowd of tourists is prompting locals to construct hotels and resorts without obtaining permission from departments concerned. Once considered to be the boon of economy in this region the growing number of tourists have now become a danger in itself for survival of the pictuseque Darjeeling town. Frequency of earthquakes is rising every year and each tremor brings in
memory of locals the devastation and destruction caused during massive earthquake here in 1934 measureing more than 7 on the richter scale ,the quake that time had claimed more than 100 lives .Then another earthquake in 1998, however,did not claim human lives but it developed cracks in many buildings here .Major General (retd) KP Malla and also a Secretary of the Red Cross Society who had been an eye witness to earthquake in 1934 said that population of the town has now crossed over one lakh which means that even a minor earthquake measuering six can spell doom for the town."Unhindered construction have narrowed down lanes and by lanes and in case of an earthquake locals will find it difficult to come out of the debris caused due to natural disaster.While there were hardly one or two buildings with double storey in 1934 but now the city is littered with five or six storey buildings ," he observed. The Darjeeling Nagarpalika had issued show cause notice to owners of
18 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
five or six storey buildings after the earthquake in in May last year but it failed to evoke any response so far.Ongoing construction activities a majority of which have come up surpassing the law of land have even changed the soil structure in this himalayn town. This is why the entire area has become hyper sensitive to landslides and the situation is such that even a minor rainfall results in major destruction but local builders have nothing to do with these problems and they are operating with a free hand in coming up with new construction sites.Geologists are of the opinion that illegal construction activities and improper drainage system in these structures have contributed to increased landslides. "The population here has increased rapidly and to accomodate a larger number of people new constructions were put up at different places and each of these buildings have improper drainage system resulting in landslides" said Subir Sarkar,a Geologist.
Cover Story
The state's Urban Development Minister Ashok Bhattacharya has also echoed similar sentiments." The builders are operating with a free hand and they have no fear from law makers. None has been arrested in this connection so far.The situation will not
ongoing illegal construction activity.The Gorkha National Liberation Front (GNLF) leaders cooled their heels in luxury and minting money after a prolonged agitation .Now ,the locals in hilly regions are paying price of the lack of interest shown by the GNLF leaders on
In fact, a series of political movements during last two decades have resulted in making the situation worse.The fact is that after the end of the Gorkhaland movement in 90's there had been a spurt in tourism which led to illegal construction on a large scale .The Drajeeling Gorkha Mountanious Federation led by Suhash Ghesing had turned a blind eye to the ongoing illegal construction activity.The Gorkha National Liberation Front (GNLF) leaders cooled their heels in luxury and minting money after a prolonged agitation. improve unless officials of municipal corporation join hands with locals to put an effective check on builders. In fact, a series of political movements during last two decades have resulted in making the situation worse.The fact is that after the end of the Gorkhaland movement in 90's there had been a spurt in tourism which led to illegal construction on a large scale .The Drajeeling Gorkha Mountanious Federation led by Suhash Ghesing had turned a blind eye to the
this count. Now,the state government and the local municipal corporation are playing the blaming game instead of finding means to help darjeeling come out of the impedning danger .The Subash Ghesing era has now gone and Gorkha People Liberation Morcha is already on a warpath with its demand of creation of a seperate land as a results of which the governance is at its worst. Everybody is free to gain when the government is non-existent.
In rainy season,the area remains cut off from rest of world due to frequent landslides .Roads are broken and rails through which the world famous Toy train passes get uprooted due to erosion in soils. The UNSECO has put this Toy train in category of World Heritages .In few words one can say that unplanned development of the region is slowly pushing the place to destruction. Thousands of new house have come up on both sides of the 77-kms Hillcart road which connects Siliguddi with Darjeeling.These also include four to eight storey buildings .The illegal cutting of trees to pave way for construction has become a routine sight here .The unhindered and illegal construction has weakened the soil to such an extent that even minor rains cause major destruction . Darjeeling town has been completly changes because of ongoing and unplanned construction.While fort like house painted in red were the face of Darjeeling during the British Rule but now multi-storey complexes have mushroomed in entire area. "Now old buildings have become a rarity.Entire town has been changed .The place is like a concrete jungle which we see in Mumbai," observed Ram Chand Nayak, a resident of Mumbai who has come to the place
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 19
Cover Story afterr a gap of 12 years. One cannot find open space anywhere in entire Darjeeling town.Rajen Thapa,a hotelier in Chowk Bazar area lamented on changing landscape of Darjeeling ."Entire town is crowded with buildings while earlier Darjeeling looked beautiful because of its old buildings all of which were developed by Britishers but now it has been reduced to its former self.The growing tourism and ongoing construction activity have put a question martk on survival of the town" he pointed out.Thapa is living here for last forty years and had been a witness to decaying glory of Darjeeling. More than 40 persons died and damage to property was estimated to the tune of crorers during the massive landslide six years back after which the state government entrusted Ashok Bhattacharya,the Urban Development Minister and the Legisator from Siliguddi with responsibility of finding the main cause for the trouble.In his report Bhattacharya highlighted unhindered construction as the only cause for frequest landslides ."A fast speed construction is mainly responsible for the natural disasters here .The state government had tried to bring the mountanious area under the Town and Country Planning Act but the Darjeeling Gorkha Mountain Federation did not
Darjeeling has now become the most populace hilly town in the country. Though the state government after getting alarmed with growing landslides had prepared an elaborate plan which included bulldozing of weak structures ,removing encraochment from National Highway and limiting the height of houses to 13 meters but none of these could see the light of the day for some reason or the other. approve it and this was why the issue had to be stonewalled there," said the minister. Darjeeling has now become the most populace hilly town in the country. Though the state government after getting alarmed with growing landslides had prepared an elaborate plan which included bulldozing of weak structures ,removing encraochment from National Highway and limiting the height of houses to 13 meters but none of these could see the light of the day for some reason or the other. "The government will undergo for a survey of weak structures and make a list of troubled spots and then notice will be served to those owners in which they will be directed to go for proper construction of their respective building and if they did not agree to this,the weak structures will be flattened. Human lives cannot be left at risk for weak structures," said the Minister.
20 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
Entry of heavy vehicles is also a cause of concern for erosion of soil in the region .Till 70s eatables were transported to the town through the Toy train but now all this material is sent thorugh trucks which are causing a major damage .Frequent travel of these heavy vehicles lead to caliberation in mountains as a result of which the soil becomes slippery making the area prone to landslides. Had the state government,district administration and the Gorkha federation joined hands and made a unified approach ,this queen of hills would not have to face the challenge on its survival but it never happened.Is anybody concerned with decaying Darjeeling? None seems to have the answer.The height is that at a time when Darjeeling is virtually on the verge of being eliminated from the World map, none has a plan to save it from extinction.
Review DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
SHOULD IT BE A HIGH PRIORITY? A P Singh he Indian sub-continent has been exposed to disasters from time immemorial. The unique geo-climatic and socio-political conditions of the Indian sub-continent make the region vulnerable to both natural and man-made disasters. As mentioned in the Eleventh plan, about 60% of the landmass is susceptible to earthquakes and over 8% is prone to floods. Of the nearly 7500 kms long coast line , approx 5700 kms is prone to cyclone. Apart from this 68% area is susceptible to drought. All this entails huge economic losses and causes developmental setbacks. The increase in the vulnerability in recent years has been serious threat to the overall development of the country. Subsequently, the development process itself has been a contributing factor to this susceptibility. Coupled with lack of information and communication channels, this had been a serious impediment in the path of progress. Over the years it had been noticed that mammoth funds were drawn to provide post disasters relief to the recurring victims of floods, cyclones, droughts, earthquakes and landslides. Disasters are no longer limited to natural catastrophes. Man-made emergencies often cause bigger disasters in terms of fatalities and economic losses. It is increasingly of global concern. This compounded by increasing vulnerabilities related to changing demo graphic, technological & socio-economic conditions, unplanned urbanization, development within high risk zones, environmental degradation, climate variability, climate change, geological hazards, completion for scare resources, impact of epidemics such as HIV/AIDS etc, points to a future where disaster could increasingly threaten the economy, population and the sustainable development. Though in the last few years a number of initiatives have been taken by the Government of India to strengthen
T
and institutionalize the Disaster Management in India. In 2009 the GOI has announced a National Policy on Disaster Management following the National Disaster Management Act which came in 2005. The NDMA is also continuously making serious efforts at the national level but in many of the states SDMAs are still remaining as non functional bodies. In the past budgets the focus was always on the provisions for the expenditure on National Disaster Management programmes (both Natural & Man-Made disasters) to provide post disaster relief to the victims of disasters. In the budget provisions for 2010-11 Rs 545.86 Crore have been allocated for Disaster Management but again it was for the post disaster relief and nothing very significant efforts was being made on the Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) front. Recently the GOI has notified the constitution and administration of the “State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF)” at the state level and “National Disaster Response Fund (NDRF)” at the national level. The Thirteenth Finance Commission (TFC) has made provisions of funds for State Disaster Response Fund in its recommendations which has
BUDGET 2011 been accepted by Government of India. Keeping in view of the provisions of the Disaster Management Act, 2005 and the recommendations of Thirteenth Finance Commission, the GOI has also framed guidelines for SDRF and NDRF. As per the provisions made in it the SDRF shall be used only for meeting the expenditure for providing immediate relief to the victims of cyclone, drought, earthquake, fire, flood, tsunami, hailstorm, landslide, avalanche, cloud burst and post attack. But it has been very clearly mentioned in it that the provision for disaster preparedness, restoration, reconstruction and mitigation should not be part of SDRF or NDRF. As per it such expenditure is needed to be built into the state plan funds. Globally lots of importance and emphasis are being given to the Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). In many developed countries DRR has been regarded as part of long term sustainable development work and also as a core element of development programme planning. In fact DRR is a systematic approach for identifying, assessing and reducing the risk of disasters. There is a potential for DRR initiatives in just about every
sector of development and humanitarian work to avoid (prevention) and to limit (mitigation & preparedness) the adverse impact of hazards within the broad context of sustainable development. Keeping this in mind, 168 Governments met in Kobe Japan, in January 2005, and adopted a 10-year plan to make the world safer from natural hazards at the Word Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, held in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. The Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) is a global blueprint for disaster risk reduction efforts during the next ten years. Its goal is to substantially reduce disaster losses by 2015 - in lives, and in the social, economic, and environmental assets of communities and countries. As per studies though only 4% of the estimated 10 billion dollars in annual humanitarian assistance is devoted to prevention and yet every dollar spent on risk reduction saves between 5 to 10 dollars in economic losses from disasters. It is need of the hour that a portion of the plan funds is earmarked in the coming annual budget for the efforts that directly or indirectly help in Disaster Risk Reduction. Accordingly our development process needs to be sensitive towards disaster prevention, preparedness & mitigation. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) must be regarded as part of long-term sustainable development work and should be a core element of programme planning. This contributes to sustainable development by preventing or decreasing the frequency of shock occurring or by increasing the capital resource base of a community...so that the impact of the shock is less or recovery is more rapid.
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 21
IY½FSX ÀMXûSXe
²FÀFIY SWF W`X dIY³³FF`S SFþIbY¸FFS ³FZ¦Fe, dSIYFa¦Fd´FAFZZ
SF
WbX»F ÀFFa°¹FF¹F³F IYF kdIY³³FS QZVFl ¹FF³Fe dIY³³FF`S ÀFaIYM ¸FZÔ W`X Ü d°F¶¶F°F ÀFZ »F¦FF QZVF IYF EIY Aad°F¸F dþ»FF dIY³³FF`S þFZ ÀFF»F ¸FZÔ LW ¸FWe³FZ ÀFZ ª¹FFQF ¶FRÊY ÀFZ d§FSF SW°FF W`X AF`S A´F³Fe ´FiFd°FIY Jc¶FÀFcS°Fe IZY d»FE ´FcSZX dUä ¸FZÔ ¸FVFWcXS W`XÜ ¹FWFh IYe ³FdQ¹FF, ¶FRYeÊ»Fe ¨FFZdM¹FFh ,WSZX ·FSZX þa¦F»F AF`S VFFa°F ÓFe»F IYFZ QZJIYS IYFZBÊ ·Fe ÀF¸¸FFZdW°F WXFZ ÀFIY°FF W`X Ü ´FS dUIYFÀF IYe ³FBÊ AUFFS¯FF IZY ¨F»F°FZ ¹FW ÃFZÂF ·Fe ÀFaIYM ÀFZ d§FS ¦F¹FF W`XÜ dIY³³FF`S IYF EZd°FWFdÀFIY dþ»FF ¸Fb£¹FF»F¹F dSIYFa¦Fd´FAFZ ²FÀFIY SWF W`XÜ dW¸FF¨F»F ´FiQZVF IYF IY¶FF¹F»Fe dþ»FF dIY³³FF`S IYF ÀF¶FÀFZ ÀFbSdÃF°F ÃFZÂFFZÔ ¸FZ ÀFZ EIY dþ»FF ¸Fb£¹FF»F¹F dSIYFa¦Fd´FAFm IYe þ¸Fe³F ,ÀFOXIYFZa AF`S ·FU³FFZÔ ¸FZ AFBÊ QSFSXFZa ÀFZ ¹FWFh QWVF°F RYÞ`»F ¦FBÊ W`XÜ þ¸Fe³F ²FÀFIY³FZ ÀFZ dSIYFa¦FFd´FAFZÔ IZY ·FdU¿¹F ´FS ÀFUF»F JOÞF WXFZ ¦F¹FF W`X Ü ´FcSF B»FFIYF ²FÀFIY°FF ³FþS AF SWF W`X dþÀFZ »FZIYS ´FiVFFÀF³F IZY WF±F ´FFaU RcY»F ¦FE W`XÜ ¸Fb£¹FF»F¹F IZY AFBÊ´FeE¨F, BadQSF ¸FFIZÊYM, Ad¦Fj VF¸F³F IZÔYýi, ½¹FF´FFS¸FaO»F, dOX¦Fie IYF»FZþ, AF`ôFZd¦FIY B»FFIYFZa ÀF¸FZ°F IYBÊ A³¹F ·FF¦FFZ ¸FZÔ A¨FF³FIY AFBÊ QSFSXFZ ÀFZ dSIYFa¦Fd´FAFm IZY »FFZ¦F QWVF°F ¸FZÔ W`XÜ ·FFSe ¶FRÊY¶FFSe IZY ¶FFQ IbYL þ¦FWXFZa ´FS QSFSZX dQJ³Fe ¶FaQ WXFZ ¦FBÊ W`X ´FS ¹FWFh IZY »FFZ¦FFZÔ IZY ¨FZWSZX ´FS B³F QSFSXFZa IYF QS QZJF þF ÀFIY°FF W`X Ü IY¶F IYF`³F ÀFF ·FU³F dJÀFIY þFE ¹FF dIYÀFe IYF §FS ²FÀFIY þFE IYFZBÊ ³FWe þF³F°FFÜ QSFSXFZa IZY ¶FFQ ´FcSF VFWS AFVFadIY°F AF`S Ad·FVF´°F ³FþS AF°FF W`X Ü ¹FWFa ÀFOXIYFZ EUa ·FU³FFZ ¸FZ A¨FF³FIY AFBÊX QSFSXFZa
³FZ ¹FWFa IZY UFdVFaQFZÔ IYFZ dW»FF IYS SJ dQ¹FF W`XÜ ´FiVFFÀF³F ³FZ ·Fe EWd°F¹FF°F IZY °FFZS ´FS C³F ÀF·Fe ·FU³FFm IYFZ JF»Fe IYSUF dQ¹FF W`X þFZ AÀFbSdÃF°F WXFZ ¦FE W`ÔX dþÀF¸FZÔ dOX¦Fie IYF»FZþ,U¹FF´FFS ¸FaO»F, AFBÊ ´FeE¨F ·FU³F, BadQSF ¸FFIZÊYM °F±FF ½¹FF´FFS ¸FaO»F ·FU³F AFdQ VFFd¸F»F W`XÜ þ¶FdIY ½¹FF´FFS ¸FaO»F ·FU³F IYFZ ´FcSe °FSW ÀFZ BÀFd»FE d¦FSF¹FF ¦F¹FF W`X dIY ÀFF±F »F¦F°FZ dSIYFa¦Fd´FAFm IYe þ¸Fe³F, ÀFOXIYFZa AF`S ·FU³FFZÔ ¸FZ AFBÊ QSFSXFaZ ÀFZ ¹FWFh QWVF°F RYÞ»` F ¦FBÊ W`XÜ þ¸Fe³F ²FÀFIY³FZ ÀFZ dSIYFa¦FFd´FAFZÔ IZY ·FdU¿¹F ´FS ÀFUF»F JOÞF WXFZ ¦F¹FF W`XÜ ´FcSF B»FFIYF ²FÀFIY°FF ³FþS AF SWF W`X dþÀFZ »FZIYS ´FiVFFÀF³F IZY WF±F ´FFaU RcY»F ¦FE W`XÜ ¸Fb£¹FF»F¹F IZY AFBÊ´FeE¨F, BadQSF ¸FFIÊYZ M, Ad¦Fj VF¸F³F IZYÔ ýi, ½¹FF´FFS¸FaO»F, dOX¦Fie IYF»FZþ, AF`ôFZd¦FIY B»FFIYFZa ÀF¸FZ°F IYBÊ ·FF¦FFZ ¸FZ A¨FF³FIY AFBÊ QSFSXFZ ÀFZ dSIYFa¦Fd´FAFm IZY »FFZ¦F OS ¦FE W`XÔÜ BadQSF ¸FFIÊZYM IYFZ BÀFIZY d¦FS³FZ ÀFZ ³FbIYÀFF³F ³F WXFZ ´FFEÜ »FFZIYd³F¸FFʯF dU·FF¦F IYe °FSRY ÀFZ B³F QSFSXFZa IYe d´FL»FZ ÀFF»F EIY ³FU¸¶FS ÀFZ 18 dQÀF¸¶FS °FIY SXFZþF³FF ¸FFGd³FMdSaX¦F IYe ¦FBÊ dþÀF¸FZ AFZÀF°F³F IYBÊ ÃFZÂFFZ ¸FZ B³F QSFSXFZa ¸FZÔ ´FFa¨F ÀFZ LW BÔ¨F °FIY ¶FPXÞFZ°FSe QþÊ IYe ¦FBÊÜ »FmdIY³F A·Fe °FIY B³F QSFSXFZa IYe ¸Fc»F UþW þF³F³FF ´FiVFFÀF³F IZY d»FE ¶FOXÞe ÀF¸FÀ¹FF ¶F³FF WbXAF W`XÜ WF»FFadIY BÀFIZY J°FSZX IYFZ ·FFh´F°FZ WbXE B³FIZY IYFS¯FFm IYF ´F°FF »F¦FF³Fm IZY d»FE ÀMZM ª¹FFZ»FFZdþÀM IYe Me¸F ÀFZ »FZIYS ª¹FFZ»FFZdþIY»F ÀFUÊZ AFGRY Bd¯O¹FF
22 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
IYe Me¸F ³FZ ÃFZÂF ¸FZ QF`SF dIY¹FF ¸F¦FS A·Fe °FIY BÀFIZY IYFS¯FFm IYF ´F°FF ³F »F¦F ´FF³FZ ÀFZ A·Fe ·Fe ÀFaVF¹F ¶F³FF WbXAF W`X dIY AFdJS dIY³F IYFS¯FFZ ÀFZ dSIYFa¦Fd´FAFm IYF AdÀ°F°U J°FSZX ¸FZÔ ´FOÞX³FZ »F¦FF W`XÜ ÀFcÂFFZa ÀFZ °FFZ ¹FW ´F°FF »F¦FF W`X dIY ª¹FFZ»FFdþIY»F ÀFUÊZ AFGRY BÔdOX¹FF IYe Me¸F ³FZ °FFZ ´FiQZVF ÀFSIYFS IYFZ BÀFIYe dS´FFZMÊ QZ Qe Qe W`X ¸F¦FS A·Fe °FIY ³F °FFZ BÀF ´FS IYFZBÊ AF¦Fm IYe IYF¹FÊUFWe WBÊ W`X AF`S ³F We BÀFIYe ·F³FIY dþ»FF ´FiVFFÀF³F IYFZ W`X dIY AFdJS BÀFIZY ´FeLXZX Me¸F ³FZ ¢¹FF ¢¹FF UþW ¶F°FFBÊ W`XÜ ´FiVFFÀF³F IZY ³FþdSE IYFZ dIY³³FF`S IZY C´FF¹FböY ÀFb³Fe»F ¨FF`FSe ³FZ ÀFFRYÞ IYS°FZ WbXE IYWF, ª¹FFZ»FFdþIY»F ÀFUÊZ AFGRY BÔdOX¹FF IYe dS´FFZMÊ ´FiQZVF ÀFSIYFS IYFZ Qe þF ¨FbIYe W`XÜ W¸F³FZ ÀFSIYFS ÀFZ ·Fe BÀFIYe ¸FFa¦F IYe W`X, dS´FFZMÊ AF³Fm IZY ¶FFQ We BÀF dQVFF ¸FZÔ þøYSe IYF¹FÊUFBÊ IYe þFE¦FeÜ UWea QcÀFSe °FSRY dW¸FF¨F»F ´FiQZVF IZY ´FcUÊ ÀFaÀFQe¹F ÀFd¨FU þ¦F°F dÀFaW ³FZ¦Fe ³Fm IYWF, dþ»FF ¸Fb£¹FF»F¹F dSIYFa¦Fd´FAFZ ¸FZa ³F °FFZ ÀFeUSZXþ IYe ÀFWe ½¹FUÀ±FF W`X ³F We ´FF³Fe IYe d³FIYFÀFe IYF IYFZBÊ Cd¨F°F ´Fi¶Fa²F dþÀFÀFZ ¹FWFa ´FS þWFa QSFSXFZa ÀFZ ÀFOXÞIYFZa IYFZ ³FbIYÀFF³F WXFZ SWF W`X UWeÔ IYBÊ ·FU³FFZÔ IYFZ ·Fe ÃFd°F ´FWbXa¨Fe W`XÜ EZÀFZ ¸FZÔ B³F QSFSXFZ IZY IYFS¯FFZÔ IZY CþF¦FS ³F WXFZ³FZ ÀFZ ¹FWFa IZY UFdVFaQZ ÀFIY°FZ ¸FZÔ W`X dIY AFdJS QSFSXFZa IZY IYFS¯FFma IYFZ ¢¹FFZÔ CþF¦FS ³FWe dIY¹FF þF SWF W`XÜ WF»FFadIY þF³FIYFSXFZa IYF IYW³FF W`X dIY B³F QSFSXFZa IYF ¸Fb£¹F IYFS¯F ¸Fb£¹FF»F¹F IYe d¶F¦FOÞe dÀFUSZXþ ½¹FUÀ±FF °F±FF ½¹F±FÊ ¶FW³FZ UF»FZ ´FF³Fe IZY d³FIYFÀFe IYe ½¹FUÀ±FF IYF ³F WXFZ³FF W`XÜ dSIYFa¦Fd´F¹FFZ ¸FZÔ ´FF³Fe IYe d³FIYFÀFe IYe ÀF¸FÀ¹FF °FFZ W`X We ÀFF±F We ÀFeUSZXþ IYe Cd¨F°F ½¹FUÀ±FF ·Fe ³FWea
IY½FSX ÀMXûSXe W`X Ü ¹FWF WS SXFZþ ÀF`IYOXFZa »FeMS ½¹F±FÊ ¸FZ ¶FW³FZ UF»FF ´FF³Fe IYBÊ ÃFZÂFFZÔ ¸FZ þ¸Fe³F ¸FZ þF SWF W`X dþÀFIYF IYFZBÊ ´F°FF ³FWe W`X dIY ¹FW ´FF³Fe AFdJS þF IYWFa SWF W`XiÜ EZÀFZ ¸FZ B³F QSFSXFZa IZY ´FeLXZX ¹FW ·Fe EIY ¸Fb£¹F IYFS¯F ¸FF³FF þF SWF W`XÜ UWeÔ dþ»Fm IZY IbYL ¶FbdðXþeUe ¸FF³F SWZX W`X dIY dþ»FZ ¸FZ ¶F³F SWe EIYFEIY þ»FdU²Fb°F ´FdS¹FFZþ³FFAFZÔ IZY d³F¸FFʯF We QSFSXFZa IYF IYFS¯F ¶F³F SWF W`XÜ ´FdS¹FFZþ³FF d³F¸FFʯF ¸FZ »F¦Fe IaY´Fd³F¹FFZa ³FZ ÀFbSaX¦F ¶F³FF³Fm IZY d»FE ·FFSe ¸FFÂF ¸FZÔ dUÀRYFZMIYFZa IYF BÀ°FZ¸FF»F dIY¹FF AF`S ¹FW þFSe ·Fe W`X dþÀFIZY ³F°FeþFZÔ ´FS ¦FF`S ³FWe dIY¹FF ¦F¹FF ±FF Ü ´FS BÀFIZY ÀFF±F We þ»F dUôb°F ´FdS¹FFZþ³FFAFZÔ ´FS ·Fe ÀFUF»F CNX³FZ »F¦FF W`XÜ dIY³³FF`S IZY dW¸F »FFZIY þF¦FÈ°F ¸Fa¨F IZY ÀFa¹FFmþIY AFSEÀF ³FZ¦Fe ³Fm IYWF, dþ»FZ ¸FZÔ d³F¸FFʯF WXFZ SWe þ»FdU²Fb°F ´FdS¹FFZþ³FFAFZÔ IZY d³F¸FFʯF ¸FZÔ IaY´Fd³F¹FFm IYe °FSRY ÀFm IaYMÑFZ»OX ¶»FFdÀM¦F IZY þ¦FW W`XUe ¶»FFdÀMѦF ÀFZ BÀF ´FiIYFS IYe QSFSZXa ´FO³FF ÀUF·FFdUIY W`XÜ WF»FFhdIY ´F¹FFÊUS¯FdUQ QcÀFSe UþWXFZa IYe °FSRY BVFFSF IYS°FZ WÜ dIY³³FF`S IZY ´F¹FFÊUS¯FdUQ ÀF°¹Fþe°F ³FZ¦Fe ³Fm IYWF - dSIYFa¦Fd´F¹FFm IYe ¶FQWF»Fe ÀFeUSZXþ ´Fi¯FF»Fe °F±FF dþ»FZ ¸FZÔ d³F¸FFʯFFFe³F ´FdS¹FFZþ³FFAFm IZY IYFS¯F We BÀF ´FiIYFS IYe QSFSZX AFBÊ W`XÜ þFZ ·Fe WXFZ »FmdIY³F ¸Fb£¹FF»F¹F ¸FZ ´FiVFFÀF³F ³FZ BÀFZ »FZIYS »Fe´FF´FFZ°Fe VFbøY IYS Qe W`XÜ A¶F IYFZdVFVF IYe þF SWe W`X dIY ´FF³Fe dSÀF³FZ ÀFZ QSFSXFZ ¸FZÔ AF`S ¶FPXÞFZ°FSe ³F WXFZ³FZ ´FFEÜ ´FiVFFÀF³F QSFSXFZ IYFZ ·FSUF³FZ ¸FZÔ þbMF W`X »FmdIY³F ¹FW ¸FFÂF JF³FF´Fcd°FÊ We ³FþS AF°Fe W`XÜ AFVFaIYF ¹FW W`X dIY þ¶F ÃFZÂF ¸FZ ´FOe ·FFSe ¶FRÊY d´F§F»F³Fe VFbøY WXFZ þFE¦Fe °FFZ QSFSZXa AF`S ¶FPXÞ þFEÔ¦FeÜ BÀF °FSRY dRY»FWF»F dIYÀFe IYF ²¹FF³F ³FWe ¦F¹FF W`XÜ ¶FRÊY¶FFSe IZY ¶FFQ dIY³³FF`S IYF ÀFa´FIÊY U`ÀFZ ·Fe ´FcSZX QZVF ÀFm IYM þF°FF W`XÜ BÀF B»FFIZY ¸FZÔ IYFRYe ¸FFÂF ¸FZÔ ¶FRÊY ´FOÞ ¨FbIYe W`X Ü
Á≈U„⁄UË
•Ê¬ŒÊ ∑‘§ ’ÊŒ çÂ
ÀÜð âæÜ ¥»SÌ ¥õÚU çâÌ´ÕÚU ×ð´ ãé§ü Öèá‡æ ßáæü ·Ô¤ ·¤æÚU‡æ çÅUãÚUè ÕæòÏ âð ÂýÖæçßÌ ÿæð˜æô´ ÂÚU °·¤ ÙÁÚU ÇæÜð Ìô ¥æÁ Öè çÅUãÚUè âð ƒæÙâæÜè, çÅUãÚUè âð © æÚU·¤æàæè, ÂýÌæÂÙ»ÚU, ŸæèÙ»ÚU ¿ Õæ â𠫤çá·Ô¤á Ì·¤ ÁæÙð ßæÜæ ×ôÅUÚU ×æ»ü ¥Öè Öè ÿæð˜æ ßæçâØô´ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ·¤CÎæØ·¤ ÕÙæ ãé¥æ ãñÐ ÁèÚUô
Œßæ§ü‹ÅU ÂÚU ¥Öè Öè ˆÍÚU ß ç×^è ·¤æ ç¹â·¤Ùæ ÁæÚUè ãñ ÿæð˜æßæâè ß ßæãÙ »æçÇØô´ ¥ÂÙè ÁæÙ ·¤è Áôç¹× ×ð´ ÇæÜæ ·¤ÚU ÂéÜ ÂæÚU ·¤ÚU ÚUãð ãñ´Ð ÅUè°¿Çèâè ÂýàææâÙ ·¤è ÌÚUȤ âð °·¤ ×æã Ì·¤ ÕæòÏ ·Ô¤ ©ÂÚU ¥æßæ»×Ù ·¤è ÃØßSÍæ ·¤è »§ü Íè §â ×æ»ü ÂÚU ¿ÜÙæ ·¤æȤè Áô¹× ·¤æ ·¤æ× ãñ Ð ¥Öè Öè °·¤ ÁðâèÕè ×Üßð ×ð´ ÎÕæ ÂǸæ ãñÐ Çñ× ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ ÕÙè âǸ·¤ô´ ÂÚU °·¤ ȤèÅU ¿õÇè ÎÚUæÚUô ·¤ô ç×^è âð ÖÚU çÎØæ »Øæ ãñÐ ÂÚU Øã âÇ·¤ ¿ÜÙð ÜæØ·¤ Ùãè ãñÐ Øæç˜æØô´ ·¤ô ãÚU â×Ø ÇÚU ÕÙæ ÚUãÌæ ãñ ç·¤ ·¤Öè Öè ç·¤âè Öè â×Ø ©ÂÚU âð ×Üßæ/ ˆÍÚU ç»ÚU â·¤Ìæ ãñÐ ÕæòÏ ·¤æ ÁÜSÌÚU }x® Ì·¤ ÖÚU »Øæ ãñÐ ·¤ôÅUðEÚU ÅUÙÜ ¥Öè Æè·¤ Ùãè ãé§ü ãñÐ ØçÎ °·¤ â#æã Ì·¤ §â ÁÜ ·¤ô ÚUô·¤·¤ÚU ÚU¹æ »Øæ Ìô çȤÚU Á×èÙ Ïâ·¤ â·¤Ìè ãñÐ ç߃æéÌ ©ˆÂæÎÙ Öè Æ ÂÇæ ãé¥æ ãñÐ Áãæò °·¤ ¥ôÚU çÅUãÚUè ÂýàææâÙ çÕÁÜè ©ˆÂæÎÙ ·Ô¤ ÕǸð ÕÇð¸ Îæßð ·¤ÚUÌæ ãñ ßãè´ ÂÚU ©â·¤è Ì·¤Ùè·¤è, Øæ ¥æÂÎæ âð çÙÕÅUÙð ·¤è ÌñØæÚUè ×ð´ ·¤× ÙÁÚU ¥æ ÚUãè ãñÐ ÿæð˜æ ßæçâØô´ ·¤ô ¥çÌçÚUQ¤ â×Ø, ’ØæÎæ »æÇè ·¤æ ÖæǸæ ß âæ×»ýè ÂÚU ¥çÏ·¤ ç·¤ÚUæØæ ßãÙ ·¤ÚUÙæ ÂǸ ÚUãæ ãñÐ Øã ç·¤ÚUæØæ ß â×Ø ¥æÙð ßæÜè ÂèçɸØô´ ·¤ô âÎæ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ßãÙ ·¤ÚUÙæ ÂÇð»æÐ ÂýàææâÙ Øæ âÚU·¤æÚU
©Ù ÂýÖæçßÌ ÿæð˜æ ßæçâØô´ ·¤è ç·¤âè Öè Âý·¤æÚU ·¤è âéçßÏæ Ùãè Îð ÚUãè ãñÐ âôàæÜ ·¤æÚUÂæðÚðUÅU ·¤æ Âñâæ °·¤ ãæÍ âð çÕÙæ â×éÎæØ ·¤è ŒÜæçÙ»´ âãÖæç»Ìæ ·Ô¤ ¥æÏæÚU ÂÚU ÕæòÅU ÚUãè ãñÐ ØçÎ ÖçßcØ ×𴠧⠧Üæ·Ô¤ ×ð´ çȤÚU ¥çÌ ßáæü, »ôÜð ȤÅUÙæ Øæ Öê·¤´Â ¥æÌæ ãñ Ìô Õ¿æß ·¤è ·¤ô§ü Æôâ Âêßü ØôÁÙæ ÙÁÚU Ùãè ¥æÌè ãñÐ §â ÌÚUã ·¤è ¥æÂÎæ âð ·¤§ü Õð·¤âÚU Üô» »´»æ ÙÎè ·Ô¤ ÌÅUÂÚU Õâð Üô» âÎæ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ×õÌ ·¤è Ùè´Î ×ð´ âô Áæ°´»ð Áô çßàß ·¤è âÕâð ÕÇ¸è ˜ææâÎè ãô â·¤Ìè ãñÐ ÎêâÚUè ÌÚUȤ Ùè¿ð ÛæèÜ ÕÙÙð âð ØçÎ §â ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ ·¤ô§ü Õâ/»æÇè ÎéƒæüÅUÙæ »ýSÌ ãôÌè ãñ Ìô âÖè Üô» ÛæèÜ ×ð´
Áãæò °·¤ ¥ôÚU çÅUãÚUè ÂýàææâÙ çÕÁÜè ©ˆÂæÎÙ ·Ô¤ ÕǸð ÕÇð¸ Îæßð ·¤ÚUÌæ ãñ ßãè´ ÂÚU ©â·¤è Ì·¤Ùè·¤è, Øæ ¥æÂÎæ âð çÙÕÅUÙð ·¤è ÌñØæÚUè ×ð´ ·¤×è ÙÁÚU ¥æ ÚUãè ãñÐ ÿæð˜æ ßæçâØô´ ·¤ô ¥çÌçÚUQ¤ â×Ø, ’ØæÎæ »æÇè ·¤æ ÖæǸæ ß âæ×»ýè ÂÚU ¥çÏ·¤ ç·¤ÚUæØæ ßãÙ ·¤ÚUÙæ ÂǸ ÚUãæ ãñÐ Øã ç·¤ÚUæØæ ß â×Ø ¥æÙð ßæÜè ÂèçɸØô´ ·¤ô âÎæ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ßãÙ ·¤ÚUÙæ ÂÇð»æÐ â×æ Áæ°´»ð Ð ÂãÜð ÁÕ ·¤ô§ü ãæÎâæ ãôÌæ Íæ Ìô ·¤éÀ Üô» ÎéƒæüÅUÙæ ·Ô¤ çàæ·¤æÚU Üô»ô´ ·¤ô ©Ææ·¤ÚU ÌéÚU´Ì ¥SÂÌæÜ Âãé¡¿æØæ ÁæÌæ ÚUãæ ãñ´Ð ÂÚU´Ìé 44 ç·¤×è ·¤è ÛæèÜ ÕÙÙð âð Øã çSÍçÌ ÕÎÜ »Øè ãñÐ §â çSÍçÌ ×ð´ °·¤ ¥æÂÎæ ÚUæãÌ ØôÁÙæ ÿæð˜æßæçâØô´ ·Ô¤ âæÍ ç×Ü·¤ÚU ÌñØæÚU ·¤ÚUÙè ¿æçã°, çÁââð Üô»ô´ ·¤è ×æÙß ÁçÙÌ ¥æÂÎæ âð Õ¿æØæ Áæ â·Ô¤Ð ¥ßÌæÚU çâ´ã Ùð»è Îô‡æè çÅUãÚUè »É¸ßæÜ
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 23
IY½FSX ÀMXûSXe
Ìô ÂØæüßÚU‡æ ·¤è ·¤è×Ì ÂÚU Ü»ð´»è çÕÁÜè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ°´ âéàæèÜ ·¤é×æÚ,U ç·¤óæõÚU
çã
×æ¿Ü ÂýÎðàæ ×ð´ âÌÜéÁ, ÚUæßè, Øæâ, Ø×éÙæ ¥õÚU ç¿Ùæß ØæÙè ¿´ÎýÖæ»æ Âæ´¿ ÙÎè Âý‡ææçÜØæ´ ×õÁêÎ ãñ´Ð ¥Ì: âÖè ÙÎè ÍæÜô´ ÂÚU ÂÙ çÕÁÜè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ àæéM¤ ·¤ÚU ÂýÎðàæ ·¤è wv ãÁæÚU ×ð»æßæÅU ÿæ×Ìæ ·Ô¤ ÎôãÙ ·¤æ ÜÿØ ÚU¹æ »Øæ ãñÐ §â×ð´ ֻܻ {z®® ×ð»æßæÅU çÕÁÜè ÿæ×Ìæ âð ¥çÏ·¤ ·¤æ ÎôãÙ ãô ¿é·¤æ ãñÐ wv ãÁæÚU ×ð»æßæÅU ÿæ×Ìæ ×ð´ âð ÂýÎðàæ ×ð´ {z®® ×ð»æßæÅU çÕÁÜè ÿæ×Ìæ ·¤æ ÎôãÙ ãô ¿é·¤æ ãñÐ ßÌü×æÙ ÂýÎðàæ âÚU·¤æÚU Ùð w®®} ×ð´ â ææ â´ÖæÜÌð ãè âÙÐ w®vw Ì·¤ vw ãÁæÚU ×ð»æßæÅU ÿæ×Ìæ ·¤æ ÜÿØ ÚU¹æ ÍæÐ Üðç·¤Ù ¥æçÍü·¤ ×´Îè, ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ÿæð˜æô ×ð´ ÂéÙßæüâ ß ÂéÙæSÍæÂÙæ ·¤è ÉéÜ×éÜ ÙèçÌ ß ÂØæüßÚU‡æ ×égô´ ÂÚU ãôÙð ßæÜð ÁÙ¥æ´ÎôÜÙô´ ·Ô¤ ·¤æÚU‡æ Øã ÜÿØ ÂêÚUæ Ùãè´ ãô â·Ô¤»æÐ çÕÁÜè Öè ÙÎè ·¤æ y®-{® ÂýçÌàæÌ Öæ» Âýæ·¤ëçÌ·¤ ¥ßSÍæ ×ð´ ÚU¹æ ÁæÙæ ¿æçã°Ð ·¤Õæ§Üè çÁÜæ ç·¤óæõÚU âÌÜéÁ ÙÎè ß §â·Ô¤ âãæØ·¤ ÙçÎØô´ ·Ô¤ ÁÜ»ýã‡æ ÿæð˜æ ·¤è ÉÜæÙô´ ÂÚU çSÍÌ ãñРֻܻ }® ãÁæÚU ·¤è ¥æÕæÎè ßæÜæ Øè ÿæð˜æ çã×æ¿Ü ·Ô¤ © æÚU-Âêßü ·¤æ °·¤ âè×æßÌèü ÿæð˜æ ãñ çÁâ·¤è âè×æ°´ ¿èÙ-çÌ ÕÌ âð ç×ÜÌè ãñ´Ð Øãæ´ âð Âæ´ÚUÂçÚU·¤ ÃØÂæÚU çàæ·¤è-ÎÚUüð ·Ô¤ ÚUæSÌð âð ãôÌæ ÍæÐ ÂÚU v~{w ·Ô¤ ¿èÙ Øéf ·Ô¤ ÕæÎ âð Øã ÃØæßæçÚU·¤ ÚUæSÌæ Õ´Î ãñÐ ç·¤óæõÚU ·¤æ ¥æÏð âð Öè ’ØæÎæ ÿæð˜æ àæèÌ ×M¤SÍÜèØ ãñÐ ÂýÎðàæ âÚU·¤æÚU ¥æçÍü·¤ ·¤´»æÜè âð ©ÖÚUÙð ·Ô¤ çÜ° âÌÜéÁ ÁÜ»ýã‡æ ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ ×õÁêÎ â Âê‡æü çßléÌ çÙcÂæÎÙ ÿæ×Ìæ ·¤æ ÎôãÙ ·¤ÚU ÏÙ
·¤×æÙæ ¿æãÌè ãñÐ âÚU·¤æÚU âÌÜéÁ ·Ô¤ ÍæÜð ×ð´ °·¤ ·Ô¤ ÕæÎ °·¤ Ü»æÌæÚU ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·¤æ çÙ×æü‡æ §â âè×æ ÿæð˜æ ·Ô¤ ÂØæüßÚU‡æ ß ÚUæcÅþèØ âéÚUÿææ ·¤è ·¤è×Ì ÂÚU ·¤ÚUÙæ ¿æãÌè ãñÐ Áãæ´ Ì·¤ §Ù §Üæ·¤ô´ ·Ô¤ Üô»ô´ ÂÚU §Ù ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·Ô¤ ÂýÖæß ·¤æ ÂýàÙ ãñ, ÁÙÁæÌèØ çÁÜð ç·¤óæõÚU ×ð´ Õã ÚUãè ÙçÎØô´ ß ÙæÜô´ ×ð´ ֻܻ v® ãÁæÚU ×ð»æßæÅU ÿæ×Ìæ ÂÙ çÕÁÜè ·¤æ ÎôãÙ ãô â·¤Ìæ ãñÐ §â çÁÜð ×ð´ çSÍÌ âÌÜéÁ ß âãæØ·¤ ÙçÎØô´ ·Ô¤ ÁÜ â´»ýã‡æ ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ Áô çÕÁÜè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ÂãÜð ÕÙ
¿é·Ô¤ ãñ´ ©Ù×ð´ ÙæÍÂæ-Ûæ淤Ǹè (vz®® ×ð»æßæÅU)ï, â´ÁØ ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ (vw® ×ð»æßæÅUï), ÕæâÂæ-w (x®® ×ð»æßæÅU)ï, M¤·¤Ìè (vvz ×ð»æßæÅU) àææç×Ü ãñ´ Ð ·¤ÚUÀ×-ßæ´»Ìê (v®®® ×ð»æßæÅU)ï, ·¤æàæ´» ({{ ×ð»æßæÅUï) àæôÚU´» (v®® ×ð»æßæÅU) ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ°´ çÙ‡ææü‡ææÏèÙ ãñ´Ð ¹æÕ-àæØæâô´ (v®w® ×ð»æßæÅU)ï, Á´»è-ÆôÂÙ ( y}® ×ð»æßæÅUï), ÆôÂÙ-ÂôßæÚUè (y}® ×ð»æßæÅU), àæõ´»ÅUô´»-·¤ÚUÀ× (y®w ×ð»æßæÅU) ß çÅUÇô´» (v®®
çÕÁÜè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·Ô¤ çßÚUôÏ ×ð´ ©Æè ¥æßæÁ ç·¤
óæõÚU ·Ô¤ ·¤§ü çÙ×æü‡ææÏèÙ ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ×ð´ °·¤ ãñ ·¤ÚUÀ×-ßæ´»Ìê(v®®® ×ñ»æßæÅU ÿæ×Ìæ) ÂçÚUØôÁÙæÐ §âð v~~~ ×ð´ çÙ×æü‡æ âõ´Âæ »ØæÐ âÌÜéÁ ÙÎè ÂÚU ÕÙ ÚUãð ·¤ÚUÀ× ßæ´»Ìê ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ·Ô¤ çÜ° w®®x âð ÁÙ âéÙæßæ§ü ãôÌè ÚUãèÐ ÂÚU SÍæÙèØ Üô» §â·¤æ çßÚUôÏ ·¤ÚUÌð ÚUãð ãñ ¥õÚU ¥Õ Öè ·¤ÚU ÚUãð ãð´Ð çȤÚU Öè ·Ô¤´Îý Ùð w®®{ §â ÂØæüßÚU‡æ ·¤ô ×´ÁêÚUè Îð ÎèÐ çÁÙ »æ´ßô´ ·Ô¤ Ùè¿ð v| ç·¤.×è. Ü Õè ÂæÙè ·¤æ Õãæß ×ôÇÙ¸ð ßæÜè âéÚU´» çÙ·¤ÜÌè ãñ ©â×ð´ âð âÂÙè ß ·¤Ùã »æ´ßô´ âð ¥ÙæÂç æ Âýæׇæ˜æ Üð çÜØ »Øæ ¥õÚU §Ù »æ´ßô´ ·Ô¤ Üô»ô´ ·¤è v{z® Õèƒææ ØæÙè vxw ãñ UÅUðØÚU Á×èÙ ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ×ð´ ¿Üè »§üÐ çȤÚU Öè ¥‹Ø »æ´ßô´ ·Ô¤ Üô» çßÚUôÏ ·¤ÚU ÚUãð ãñ´Ð §ââð ¥æÆ ¥‹Ø »æ´ß ÂýÖæçßÌ ãô ÚUãð ãñÐ ×èM¤, ØéÜæ, ©ÚUÙè, ÂÙßè, ç·¤Üßæ, ÂéÙæ´» ß ÕM¤¥æ
»æ´ßô´ ·Ô¤ Ùè¿ð ÕÙÙð ßæÜè âéÚU´» âð Ùé UâæÙ ·¤è ¥æ´àæ´·¤æ ·¤ô Üð·¤ÚU §Ù »æ´ßô´ ·¤è ´¿æØÌô´ Ùð ÁÙ âéÙßæ§ü ·Ô¤ â×Ø ¥ÙæÂç æ Âý×æ‡æ˜æ Ùãè´ çΰ ãñ´Ð çÁÜæ ÂçÚUáÎ Ùð §âð ×´ÁêÚUè ÎðÙð âð §Ù·¤æÚU ·¤ÚU çÎØæÐ »æ´ß ßæÜô´ ·¤æ ·¤ãÙæ ãñ ç·¤ ÂæÙè ·¤æ Õãæß ×ôÇÙ¸ð ·Ô¤ çÜ° ÕÙè âéÚU´» ·Ô¤ ·¤æÚU‡æ ©Ù·Ô¤ ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ ÂæÙè ·Ô¤ dôÌ âê¹ »° ãñ´ ÖêS¹ÜÙ Õɸ »° ãñ´Ð ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ ·¤§ü âæÜô´ ÁÙ ¥æ´ÎôÜÙ ¿Üæ ãé¥æ ãñÐ ÂýàææâÙ çÙÁè ·¤´ÂÙè ·Ô¤ çÜ° ·¤æ× ·¤ÚU ÚUãæ Ü»Ìæ ãñÐ §â ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ·¤è ÂØæüßÚU‡æ ÂýÖæß çÚUÂôÅUü ¥æÏè ¥ÏêÚUè ß ¥ßñ™ææçÙ·¤ ãñ´Ð §â çÚUÂôÅUü ×ð´ §â ÿæð˜æ ·Ô¤ Öê·¤´Â ·Ô¤ çÜ° ¥çÌâ´ßðÎÙàæèÜ ãôÙð ·¤æ Ì·¤ ·¤æ çÁR¤ Ùãè´ ãñÐ ÂØæüßÚU‡æ ×´˜ææÜØ ßÙÿæð˜æ ·Ô¤ ãæýâ ß ßÙè·¤ÚU‡æ ØôÁÙæ ·¤ô ãè ×é ØM¤Â âð Îð ¹Ìæ ãñÐ â×ðç·¤Ì M¤Â âð ÂØæüßÚU‡æ ×égô´ Ùãè´ Îð¹æ ÁæÌæÐ ¥æÁ Öè §â ÿæð˜æ ×ð´
24 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
çÁÌÙð ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ÕÙ ÚUãð ãñ´ ßãæ´ ·¤æ ×Üßæ ÙçÎØô´ ß ÙæÜô´ ×ð´ ãè ÇæÜæ ÁæÌæ ãñÐ çßàæðá ßÙ ¥çÏ·¤æÚU ·¤æÙêÙw®®{ §â ÂýÎðàæ ×ð´ ÁÙÁæÌèØ ÿæð˜æô´ ×ð´ w®®} ×ð´ Üæ»ê ãé¥æ ÍæÐ ØçÎ Øã ·¤æÙêÙ ÂãÜð ÕÙ ÁæÌæ Ìô àææØÎ §â çÙÁè ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ ÕÙ ÚUãè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ·¤ô ÂØæüßÚU‡æ ×´ÁêÚUè ç×ÜÙð ×ð´ ·¤éÀ ¥Ç¸¿Ù ¥æ â·¤Ìè ÍèÐ ÌÕ Øãæ´ ÁÙ¥æ´ÎôÜÙ ÌðÁ ãé°Ð çÂÀÜð ßáü z ÁêÙ ·¤ô ÂØæüßÚU‡æ çÎßâ Öè §âè ÂýæÁð UÅU ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ Îðàæ âð ¥æ° ÂØæüßÚU‡æ â´»ÆÙô´ ·Ô¤ ÂýçÌçÙçÏØô´ ·¤è ©ÂçSÍçÌ ×ð´ ×ÙæØæ »Øæ ÍæÐ çÙØ×æÙéâæÚU ·¤Õæ§üÜè §Üæ·¤ô´ ×ð´ çÙÁè çÙßðàæ·¤ô´ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ÁM¤ÚUè ãñ´ ç·¤ ßð ÕǸè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·¤è ×ÁêÚUè ÜðÙð âð ÂãÜð »ýæ× âÖæ¥ô´ ×ð´ ÁÙ âéÙßæ§ü ·¤ÚUð ¥õÚU ©Ù·¤è Sßè·¤ëçÌ Âýæ# ·¤ÚUðÐ Üðç·¤Ù §â çÙØ× ÂÚU ·¤ô§ü ŠØæÙ Ùãè´ çÎØæ Áæ ÚUãæÐ ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·Ô¤ çßÚUôÏ ×ð´ ßãæ´ ¿Ü ÚUãð
IY½FSX ÀMXûSXe ×ð»æßæÅUï) ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ°´ ×´ÁêÚU ãô ¿é·¤è ãñ ¥õÚU §ÙÂÚU ÁËÎ çÙ×æü‡æ ·¤æØü àæéM¤ ãôÙð ßæÜæ ãñÐ §Ù·Ô¤ ¥çÌçÚUQ¤ àæØæâô-SÂèÜô (z®® ×ð»æßæÅU), ¿æ´»ô-Ø´»Í´» (w®® ×ð»æßæÅUï), Ø´»Í´»-¹æÕ (w®® ×ð»æßæÅUï) ß ÕæâÂæ-v (x®® ×ð»æßæÅU) ·Ô¤ âæÍ ¥Ùð·¤ ÀôÅUèÕǸè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ°´ ÂýSÌæçßÌ ãñ´Ð ç·¤óæõÚU ç$ÁÜæ ÖæÚUÌ¿èÙ ¥´ÌÚUæücÅþèØ âè×æ âð âÅUæ ãé¥æ ãôÙð ·Ô¤ ·¤æÚU‡æ Îðàæ ·¤è âéÚUÿææ ·¤è ÎëçCï âð âæ×çÚU·¤ ×ãˆß ÚU¹Ìæ ãñÐ ç·¤óæõÚU ×ð´ ÖæÚUÌ-¿èÙ âè×æ ·¤è Ü Õæ§ü ֻܻ vz® ç·¤. ×è. ãñÐ âÌÜéÁ ÙÎè çàæ·¤è-Üæ âð ßæ´»Ìê Ì·¤ © æÚU-Âêßü âð Îçÿæ‡æ-Âçp× ·¤è çÎàææ ×ð´ ÕãÙð ·Ô¤ ·¤æÚU‡æ ¥´ÌÚUæüCïýèØ âè×æ ·Ô¤ çÙ·¤ÅU âð ÕãÌè ãñÐ âÌÜéÁ ÙÎè ÂÚU ÕÙÙð ßæÜè ÕãéÌ âè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ°´ ¥´ÌÚUæcÅþèØ âè×æ âð ֻܻ z âð w® ç·¤×è. ·¤è ãßæ§ü ÎêÚUè ÂÚU çSÍÌ ãñ, Áô Øéf ·¤è çSÍçÌ ×ð´ ÕãéÌ ÙæÁé·¤ çÙàææÙæ ÕÙ â·¤Ìè ãñ´ Ð Øð ¥´ÌÚUæcÅþèØ ©»ýßæÎ Øæ ÌôÇȸ¤ôǸ ·Ô¤ çÙàææÙð ÂÚU Öè ¥æ â·¤Ìè ãñ´ Ð ØçÎ ÂýSÌæçßÌ ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·Ô¤ ÁÜæàæØô´, çßàæðá ·¤ÚU w|z ×è. ª¤´¿æ ¹æÕ Õæ´Ï, ß âéÚU»ô´ ·¤ô ·¤Öè Öè çÙàææÙæ ÕÙæØæ »Øæ Ìô âÌÜéÁ ÙÎè ×ð´ ÖØ´·¤ÚU ÂýÜØ´·¤æÚUè ¥¿æÙ·¤ Õæɸ ¥æ â·¤Ìè ãñ, çÁââð âÌÜéÁ ·Ô¤ çÙ¿Üð ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ ÁæÙ-×æÜ ·¤è ÖæÚUè ÌÕæãè ãô â·¤Ìè ãñÐ âÇ·¸¤ ØæÌæØæÌ ÌãÌ-Ùãâ ãô Áæ°»æÐ §âçÜ° §Ù ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·¤æ ÕÙÙæ Îðàæ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ¥æˆ×ƒææÌè âæçÕÌ ãô â·¤Ìæ ãñÐ ßáü w®®® ß w®®z ·¤è Õæɸ ×ð´ ÚUæcÅþèØ ©‘¿ ×æ»ü-ww ֻܻ x®® çÕ‹Îé¥ô´ ÂÚU ÿæçÌ»ýSÌ ãô »Øæ Íæ ¥õÚU ¥Ùð·¤ âæ×çÚU·¤ ×㈿ ·Ô¤ ÂéÜ ÙCï ãô »° ÍðÐ §Ù ÿæçÌ»ýSÌ âÇ·¸¤ô´ ß ÂéÜô´ ·¤ô âæ×æ‹Ø ãæÜæÌ ×ð´ ÜæÙð ·Ô¤çÜ° ÕãéÌ Ü Õæ â×Ø Ü»æÐ ¹æÕ ·¤ô ÀôǸ ·¤ÚU âè×æ ßÌèü âÖè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ°´ ÚUÙ ¥æòȤ Î çÚUßÚU ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ°´ ãñ´ Рֻܻ âÖè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ×ð´ ÕÙÙð ßæÜè Öêç×»Ì âéÚU´»ð ÚUæcÅþèØ ©‘¿ ×æ»ü-ww ·Ô¤ ª¤ÂÚU â×æÙæ´ÌÚU ãô´»èÐ ØçÎ Øð âéÚU´»ð ÿæçÌ»ýSÌ ãôÌè ãñ´, Ìô ÚUæcÅþèØ ©‘¿ ×æ»ü-ww âñ‹Ø ¿õç·¤Øæ´ Øæ ÂçÚUâÚU ÕéÚUè ÌÚUã ÿæçÌ»ýSÌ ãô â·¤Ìð ãñ´Ð ·¤éÀ ¥ÚUâð âð ¿èÙè ßðÕâæ§üÅU ÂÚU çã×æ¿Ü ·Ô¤ âæ×çÚU·¤ ×ãˆß ·Ô¤ SÍÜ, Õæ´Ï ß ãßæ§ü ¥Ç÷ïÇô´ ·¤æ
ÎàææüÙæ Îðàæ ·¤è âéÚUÿææ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ç¿´Ìæ ·¤æ çßáØ ÕÙ »Øæ ãñ´Ð §Ù çÚUÂôÅUôü ·Ô¤ ¥æÏæÚU ÂÚU ·¤ãæ Áæ â·¤Ìæ ãñ ç·¤ ç·¤óæõÚU ·¤è ¥´ÌÚUÚUæcÅþèØ âè×æ ·¤æȤè â´ßðÎÙàæèÜ ãô »§ü ãñÐ °ðâè ÂçÚUçSÍçÌØô´ ×ð´ âÌÜéÁ ÙÎè ÂÚU âè×æ ·Ô¤ çÙ·¤ÅU §ÌÙè ¥çÏ·¤ â´ Øæ ×ð´ ßëãÎ ÁÜ çßléÌ ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·¤æ çÙ‡ææü‡æ Îðàæ ·¤è âéÚUÿææ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ¥ˆØ‹Ì » ÖèÚU ¹ÌÚUæ ÂñÎæ ·¤ÚUÌè ãñÐ ãñÚUæÙè ·¤è ÕæÌ
Ìô Øã ãñ ç·¤ ÂýÎðàæ âÚU·¤æÚU ß ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ÕÙæÙð ÕÙæÙð ßæÜè ·¤ ÂçÙØô´ Ùð §Ù ·Ô¤ çÙ×æü‡æ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ÚUÿææ ß çßÎðàæ ×´˜ææÜØ âð ¥ÙæÂç æ Âý×æ‡æ ˜æ Ùãè´ çÜ° ãñ´ Ð ·¤éÀ ÂÚU Ìô Õ»ñÚU ¥ÙæÂç æ Âý×æ‡æ ˜æô´ ·Ô¤ çÙ×æ‡æü ·¤æØü àæéM¤ ãô »ØæÐ Øê´ Öè Îð¹æ Áæ° Ìô ç·¤óæõÚU çÁÜæ °·¤ ÁÙÁæÌèØ çÁÜæ ãñÐ §âð â´çßÏæÙ ·¤è ÏæÚUæ wyy ØæÙè v ·Ô¤ ÌãÌ àæðÇØêËÇ °çÚUØæ ƒæôçáÌ ç·¤Øæ »Øæ ãñ ¥õÚU ÁÙ-ÁæÌèØ Üô»ô´ ·¤ô â´ßñÏæçÙ·¤ â´ÚUÿæ‡æ Âýæ# ãñÐ çã×æ¿Ü ÂýÎðàæ Öêç× ãSÌæ´ÌÚU‡æ çÙØ×Ù (â´àæôÏÙ) ·¤æÙêÙ -v~{} ÌÍæ çã×æ¿Ü ÂýÎðàæ ´¿æØÌè ÚUæÁ (â´àæôÏÙ) ·¤æÙêÙ v~~{-~| ·Ô¤ ÌãÌ ¥çÏâêç¿Ì ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ Öêç× ß Öêç× â Õ‹Ïè SÍæÙèØ Üô»ô´ ·Ô¤ ¥çÏ·¤æÚUô´ ·Ô¤ ãSÌæ´ÌÚU‡æ ß ¥çÏ»ýã‡æ ·Ô¤ çÜ° â Õç‹ÏÌ »ýæ× âÖæ¥ô´ ·¤è âã×çÌ Âýæ# ·¤ÚUÙæ ¥çÙßæØü ãñÐ Üðç·¤Ù ¥æÁ ç·¤óæõÚU ×ð´ ·¤ÚUÀ×-ßæ´»Ìê Áñâè ßëãÎ ÁÜ çßléÌ ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·¤æ çÙ×æü‡æ çÕÙæ »ýæ× âÖæ¥ô´ ·¤è âã×çÌ ·Ô¤ ÁÕÚUÎSÌè àæéM¤ ç·¤Øæ Áæ ÚUãæ ãñÐ çÙÁè ·¤´ÂÙè Ùð ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ·¤æ çÙ×æü‡æ ·¤æØü,
ßÙ Öêç× ¥ÂÙð Ùæ× ÂÚU ãSÌæ´ÌçÚUÌ ç·¤° Õ»ñÚU ÁÕÚUÎSÌè àæéM¤ ·¤ÚU çÎØæ »Øæ ãñ, Áô Âê‡æü M¤Â âð »ñÚU·¤æÙêÙè ãñÐ §Ù ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·Ô¤ çßÚUôÏ ×ð´ â Âê‡æü ç·¤óæõÚU ×ð´ ¥æ´ÎôÜÙ àæéM¤ ãô »Øæ ãñÐ âÚU·¤æÚU ß ·¤´ÂÙè ¥æ´ÎôÜÙô´ ·¤ô ÎÕæ ÚUãð ãñ´Ð âè×æ ÿæð˜æô´ ·Ô¤ SÍæÙèØ Üô»ô´ ×ð´ ¥âéÚUÿææ ·¤è ÖæßÙæ ÂñÎæ ·¤ÚUÙæ ÚUæcÅþèØ âéÚUÿææ ·Ô¤ çÜãæÁ âð ©ç¿Ì Ùãè´ ãñÐ ç·¤óæõÚU çÁÜð ×ð´ âÌÜéÁ ÙÎè ÂÚU Âæ´¿ ß âãæØ·¤ ÙçÎØô´ ÂÚU ÌèÙ ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·¤æ çÙ×æü‡æ °·¤ âæÍ àæéM¤ ãô ÚUãæ ãñ, çÁââð §â ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ ÖæÚUè â´ Øæ ×ð´ ÕæãÚUè Ÿæç×·¤ ß ·¤×ü¿æÚUè ·¤æ× ·¤ÚUð´»ð ¥õÚU §â×ð´ ¥çÏ·¤ÌÚU ÙðÂæÜè ãô´»ð´Ð ßãæ´ ·¤è Âæ´¿ ßëãÎ ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ãÁæÚUô´ Õèƒææ Á×èÙ ·¤ ÂÙè ·¤ô ãSÌæ´ÌçÚUÌ ç·¤Øæ ÁæÙæ ãñ ¥õÚU §Ù ×ð´ ֻܻ âÖè Ì·¤Ùè·¤è ·¤×ü¿æÚUè çßÎðàæè ãô´»ðÐ âè×æ ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ Øð çßÎðàæè ÅUæÂê Öè âéÚUÿææ ·¤è ÎëçCï âð âãè Ùãè´ ãñÐ §â ÌÚUã ç·¤óæõÚU ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ wz-x® ãÁæÚU ÕæãÚUè ÂçÚUßæÚU ÚUãð´»ð ¥õÚU §Ù ×ð´ ·¤§ü Âý·¤æÚU ·Ô¤ ¥âæ×æçÁ·¤ ¥õÚU ÚUæcÅþ çßÚUôÏè Ìˆß ƒæéâ ¥æÙð âð Öè §´·¤æÚU Ùãè´ ç·¤Øæ Áæ â·¤ÌæÐ Øãè Ùãè´ §ââð Øãæ´ ·¤è âæ×æçÁ·¤ ÃØßSÍæ ß ÚUæÁÙñçÌ·¤ »ç‡æÌ Öè Ç»×»æ â·¤Ìæ ãñ, çÁâ·Ô¤ ¥ˆØ´Ì » ÖèÚU ÎêÚU»æ×è ãô´»ðÐ Ù ·Ô¤ßÜ Øãè, §â ÂêÚUð ·¤Õæ§Üè §Üæ·Ô¤ ·¤è â´S·¤ëçÌ ÂÚU Öè §Ù ãÁæÚUô´ Üô»ô´ ·Ô¤ ÕâÙð ·¤æ ÂýÖæß ÂǸð»æÐ ·¤ÚUÀ×-ßæ´»Ìê ß ¹æÕ-àØæâô ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ â´ƒæáü âç×çÌØô´ Ùð ¥‹Ø ×éÎ÷ïÎô´ ·Ô¤ âæÍ ÚUæcÅþèØ âéÚUÿææ ·Ô¤ ×éÎ÷ïÎð ·¤ô Öè Âý×é¹ M¤Â âð ©ÆæØæ ãñÐ Üðç·¤Ù âÚU·¤æÚU ß ÂýàææâÙ ÂýÖæçßÌ Üô»ô´ ·Ô¤ ©Ææ° §Ù ×égô´ ·¤è ¥ÙÎð¹è ·¤ÚU ÚUãè ãñ, ÁÕç·¤ ÂýÖæçßÌ Üô»ô´ ·¤æ ·¤ãÙæ ãñ ç·¤ SÍæÙèØ ×égô´ ·Ô¤ âæÍ ÚUæcÅþèØ âéÚUÿææ âð ÁéǸð ×égô´ ·¤ô ©ÆæÙæ Öè ©Ù·¤æ ×õçÜ·¤ ¥çÏ·¤æÚU ãñÐ â´çßÏæÙ ·¤è ÏæÚUæ zv-° ·Ô¤ ÌãÌ ÖæÚUÌ ·Ô¤ ÂýˆØð·¤ Ùæ»çÚU·¤ Îðàæ ·¤è âéÚUÿææ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ÕæŠØ ãñÐ ç·¤óæõÚU ·¤è ÁÙÌæ §Ù ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·¤æ çßÚUôÏ ·¤ÚUÌð ãé° ¥ÂÙð §â ×õçÜ·¤ ·¤ æüÃØ ·¤ô Õ¹êÕè çÙÖæ ÚUãè ãñÐ §Ù ¥æ´ÎæÜÙô´ ·¤ô çã×æÜØ ÙèçÌ ¥çÖØæÙ âç×çÌ ¥õÚU çã×æÜØ â´ÚUÿæ‡æ âç×çÌ ÕÜ çÎØæ ¥õÚU §Ù ×égô´ ÂÚU ÎSÌæßðÁ ÌñØæÚU ·¤ÚUæ° Ìæç·¤ ·¤æÙêÙè ÁǸæ§ü ÜǸè Áæ â·Ô¤Ð
¥æ´ÎôÜÙ·¤æçÚUØô´ ÂÚU ·¤§ü ÕæÚU ÜæçÆØæ´ ÕÚUâæ§ü »§ZÐ §Ù ÁÙ ¥æ´ÎôÜÙô´ ÂÚU ãæ§ü·¤ôÅUü Ùð ÂØæüßÚU‡æ ×égð ·¤ô Üð·¤ÚU SßØ´ ãè Øæç¿·¤æ ×æÙ·¤ÚU §â ×æ×Üð ·¤è âéÙßæ§ü ·¤è ãñÐ ÕæÎ ×ð´ §â Øæç¿·¤æ ×ð´ ßãæ´ ·Ô¤ ÁÙ ¥æ´ÎôÜÙ·¤æÚUè Öè àææç×Ü ãô »° ãñд §Ù ¥æ´ÎæÜÙô´ ·¤ô çã×æÜØ ÙèçÌ ¥çÖØæÙ âç×çÌ ¥õÚU çã×æÜØ â´ÚUÿæ‡æ âç×çÌ ·Ô¤ ÙðÌæ¥ô´ ·¤éÜÖêá‡æ ©Â׋Øê, »é×æÙ çâ´ã ß ÚU‡æÁèÌ çâ´ã Ùð»è Ùð ·¤æȤè ÕÜ çÎØæ ¥õÚU Á»ã Á»ã SÍÙèØ SÌÚU ÁÙ-¥æ´ÎôÜÙ âç×çÌØæ´ ÕÙæ§üÐ SÍæÙèØ ÁÙÂýçÌçÙçÏ Ìô §â ¥ôÚU L¤¹ ãè Ùãè´ ·¤ÚUÌð ¥õÚU Ù ãè ¥æ´ÎôÜÙ·¤æçÚUØô´ ·¤è ¥æßæÁ¸ ©Ù·Ô¤ ·¤æÙô´ Ì·¤ Âãé¿ ´ Ìè ãñÐ ãæ§ü·¤ôÅUü ×ð´ ÂýÎðàæ ×ð´ ÂÙ çÕÁÜè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ âð ãô ÚUãð ÂØæüßÚU‡æ ãô ÚUãæ ãñ ÂýÎðàæ âÚU·¤æÚU ·Ô¤ ¥çÌçÚUQ¤ ×é Ø âç¿ß (ßÙ) ¥ÖØ àæé UÜæ ·¤ô °·¤ âÎSØèØ ¥æØô» ÕÙæ ·¤ÚU °·¤ çÚUÂôÅUü âõ´ÂÙð ·¤ô ·¤ãæÐ §â çÚUÂôÅUü ×ð´ Õðàæ·¤ çÁÌÙè Öè ¹æç×Øæ´ ãô´ Üðç·¤Ù çÚUÂôÅUü ×ð´ °·¤ âæȤ ·¤ãæ »Øæ ãñ ç·¤ Õâ ¥Õ ¥õÚU Ùãè´Ð çÚUÂôÅUü ×ð´ ·¤ãæ »Øæ ãñ
ç·¤ ÂýÎðàæ ·¤è ÙçÎØô´ ×ð´ z ç·¤Üô ×èÅUÚU Ì·¤ ÂæÙè ·¤æ ¹éÜæ Õãæß ÕÙæ ÚUãÙæ ¿æçã°Ð ¥ÍæüÌ ÙçÎØô´ ×ð´ z ç·¤Üô×èÅUÚU ·¤è ÎêÚUè ·Ô¤ ÕæÎ ãè ·¤ô§ü ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ÕÙðÐ ÂØæüßÚU‡æçßÎ ·¤ãÌð ãñ´ ç·¤ ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ°´ ÙçÎØô´ ·Ô¤ Õãæß ÂÚU ÕÙðÐ ÂÚU ×æòÇÜ °ðâæ Ùãè´ Áñâæ ç·¤ âÌÜéÁ ÙÎè ×ð´ ¥ÂÙæØæ »Øæ ãñÐ ÂýÎðàæ ·¤è âÕâð ÕǸè vz®® ×Ô»æßæÅU ÿæ×Ìæ ßæÜè ÙæÍÂæ Ûææ¹Çè ÙÎè ·Ô¤ Õãæß ÕÙæ ãñÐ §â×ð´ ÙæÍÂæ »æ´ß ÂÚU ÙÎè ·Ô¤ Õãæß ·¤ô âéÚU´» ·Ô¤ ÁçÚU° ÕÎÜ çÎØæ »Øæ ãñ ¥õÚU ßãæ´ âð ·¤éÀ ç·¤Üô×èÅUÚU Ì·¤ âÌÜéÁ ×ð´ ÂæÙè ·¤× ãôÌæ Áæ ÚUã ãñ´Ð ÙæÍÂæ ×ð´ §â ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ âð çȤÚU ÙÎè ×ð´ ÂæÙè ÀôǸæ ÁæÌæ ãñÐ ·Ô¤´Îý ß ÚUæ’Ø âÚU·¤æÚU ·¤è âæ´Ûæè §â ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ·Ô¤ çÙ×æü‡æ ·Ô¤ â×Ø Öè v~~® ·Ô¤ Îàæ·¤ ×ð´ ·¤§ü ¥æ´ÎôÜÙ ¿ÜðÐ ÁÕ Øã ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ÕÙ ÚUã Íæ ÌÕ Üæ¹ô´ ÅUÙ ×Üßæ âÌÜéÁ ×ð´ ç»ÚUæ Íæ Ìô ÙÎè ·¤æ Õãæß M¤·¤ »Øæ ÍæÐ ç·¤óæõÚU çÁÜð ×ð´ ¿èÙ ·¤è âè×æ ·Ô¤ â×è v®w® ×ñ»æßæÅU ÿæ×Ìæ ·Ô¤ ¹æÕ ÂÙçÕÁÜè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ
ÕÙæÙð ·Ô¤ çßÚUôÏ ×ð´ Öè w®®{-®| ·Ô¤ ÎõÚUæÙ ÁÙ ¥æ´ÎôÜÙ ãé¥æ ÍæÐ ¹æÕ ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ·¤è Á»ã ÂÚU Áô ÙÎè ç×ÜÌè ãñ ©â×ð´ ÂæÚUÀé Áñâè ÛæèÜô´ ·Ô¤ ÂæÙè ¥æÙð ·¤æ ¹ÌÚUæ ÚUãÌæ ãñÐ âÌÜéÁ ·Ô¤ ç·¤ÙæÚUð ÚUãÙð ßæÜð ãÁæÚUô´ ÂçÚUßæÚU w®®® ß w®®y ×ð´ ¥æ§ü Õæɸô´ ·¤ô Ùãè´ ÖéÜæ Âæ° ãñ´, ÁÕ ç·¤óæõÚU, çàæ×Üæ, âôÜÙ ß çÕÜæâÂéÚU çÁÜô´ ·Ô¤ ãÁæÚUô´ ÕðÏÚU ãô »° ÍðÐ âñ´·¤Ç¸ô´ Üô» ×æÚUð »° ßU z{ »æ´ßô´ âð xz®® Üô» âéÚUçÿæÌ Á»ãô´ ÂÚU ÖðÁð »° ÍðÐ §â çÁÜð ×ð´ ¥Öè ÁÙ-¥æ´ÎôÜÙ Í×ð´ Ùãè´ ãñ´, Üðç·¤Ù çã×æ¿Ü ÂýÎðàæ ãæ§ü·¤ôÅUü mæÚUæ ·¤ÚUÀ×-ßæ´»Ìê ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ ×ð´ ¿Ü ÚUãð ¥æ´ÎôÜÙ ·¤ô ¹ç¿·¤æ ÕÙæ·¤ÚU §â·¤è âéÙæßæ§ü ·Ô¤ ÕæÎ ¥æ´ÎôÜÙ ãæ§ü·¤ôÅUü ·Ô¤ ¥æÎðàæ Ì·¤ ·¤éÀ ãÎ Ì·¤ Í× âð »°ð ãñ´Ð Üðç·¤Ù §â çÁÜæ ·¤è §â ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ âð ÂýÖçßÌ ãôÙð ßæÜð ·¤éÀ »æ´ßô´ Ùð çÎâ ÕÚU ·Ô¤ ¥´Ì ×ð´ ß ÁÙßÚUè ·Ô¤ ¥æÚU´Ö ×ð´ ãé° Â´¿æØÌèÚUæÁ ¿éÙæßô´ ·¤æ ÕæØ·¤æÅU ç·¤Øæ, Áô ¥ÂÙð ¥æ ×ð´ ÁÙÖæßÙæ¥ô´ ·¤ô ©Áæ»ÚU ·¤ÚUÌæ ãñÐ
ֻܻ âÖè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ×ð´ ÕÙÙð ßæÜè Öêç×»Ì âéÚU´»ð ÚUæcÅþèØ ©‘¿ ×æ»ü-ww ·Ô¤ ª¤ÂÚU â×æÙæ´ÌÚU ãô´»èÐ ØçÎ Øð âéÚU´»ð ÿæçÌ»ýSÌ ãôÌè ãñ´, Ìô ÚUæcÅþèØ ©‘¿ ×æ»ü-ww âñ‹Ø ¿õç·¤Øæ´ Øæ ÂçÚUâÚU ÕéÚUè ÌÚUã ÿæçÌ»ýSÌ ãô â·¤Ìð ãñ´Ð ·¤éÀ ¥ÚUâð âð ¿èÙè ßðÕâæ§üÅU ÂÚU çã×æ¿Ü ·Ô¤ âæ×çÚU·¤ ×ãˆß ·Ô¤ SÍÜ, Õæ´Ï ß ãßæ§ü ¥Ç÷ïÇô´ ·¤æ ÎàææüÙæ Îðàæ ·¤è âéÚUÿææ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ç¿´Ìæ ·¤æ çßáØ ÕÙ »Øæ ãñ´Ð
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 25
IY½FSX ÀMXûSXe
QFdªFÊd»Fa¦F ´FSX ¸FaOXSXF SXWZX ÀFaIYMX IZY ¶FFQ»F Se°FF d°FUFSe, QFdþÊd»Fa¦F dV¨F¸F ¶Fa¦FF»F ¸FZÔ ´FWFdOXÞ¹FFZÔ IYe SF³Fe IZY ³FF¸F ÀFZ ¸FVFWcXS EIY¸FFÂF ´FUÊ°Fe¹F ´F¹FÊM³F IZÔYýi QFdþÊd»Fa¦F ¸FZÔ °FZþe ÀFZ WXFZ³FZ UF»FZ Ad³F¹FadÂF°F d³F¸FFʯF ³FZ ´FcSZX VFWS IZY AdÀ°F°U IYFZ We J°FSZX ¸FZÔ OF»F dQ¹FF W`XÜ ¹FW ´FcSF VFWS A¶F EIY EZÀFe J°FS³FFIY dÀ±F°F ¸FZÔ ´FWbXa¨F ¦F¹FF W`X þWFa ·FcIaY´F IYF EIY W»IYF ÓFMIYF ·Fe BÀFZ ¸F»F¶FZ ¸FZÔ ¶FQ»F ÀFIY°FF W`XÜ BÀF ´FUÊ°Fe¹F ÃFZÂF ¸FZÔ ¶FFdSVF IZY ÀFeþ³F ¸FZÔ WS ÀFF»F WXFZ³FZ UF»Fe ·FcÀJ»F³F IYe §FM³FFAFZÔ ¸FZÔ þF³F-¸FF»F IYF ·FFSe ³FbIYÀFF³F WXFZ°FF W`XÜ ¶FFUþcQ BÀFIZY ´FWFOXÞ U ´FZOXÞFZÔ IYe AU`²F IYMFBÊ IYF dÀF»FdÀF»FF þÀF IYF °FÀF W`XÜ ´F¹FÊMIYFZa IYe ÀFF»F QS ÀFF»F ¶FPXÞ°Fe °FFQFQ IYFZ ²¹FF³F ¸FZÔ SJ°FZ WbXE VFWS U AFÀF´FFÀF IZY B»FFIYFZa ¸FZÔ WS ÀFF»F IYBÊ QþʳF ³FE WXFZM»F U dSÀFFMÊ JOXÞZ WXFZ SWZX W`ÔXÜ dþÀF ´F¹FÊM³F CôFZ¦F IYFZ IY·Fe ¹FWFa A±Fʽ¹FUÀ±FF IYF ÀF¶FÀFZ ¸Fþ¶Fc°F AFFFS ÀF¸FÓFF þF°FF ±FF, CÀFe IZY Q¶FFU ¸FZÔ WbXE Aa²FF²Fba²F d³F¸FFʯF ³FZ VFWS IYF UþcQ We J°FSZX ¸FZÔ OF»F dQ¹FF W`XÜ BÀF ÃFZÂF ¸FZÔ ·FcIaY´F IZY ÓFMIZY ÀFF»F QS ÀFF»F ¶FPXÞ°FZ We þF SWZX W`ÔXÜ WS ÓFMIZY IZY ÀFF±F »FFZ¦FFZÔ IZY þZW³F ¸FZÔ 1934 IZY ·F¹FFUW ·FcIaY´F IYe ¹FFQZÔ °FFþF WXFZ þF°Fe W`ÔXÜ 14 þ³FUSe 1934IYFZ dS¢MS ÀIZY»F ´FS ÀFF°F IYe °FeUi°FF UF»FZ ·FcIaY´F ÀFZ VFWS ¸FZÔ ÀFF` ÀFZ ª¹FFQF »FFZ¦F ¸FFSZX ¦FE ±FZÜ CÀFIZY ¶FFQ 1998 ¸FZÔ AFE °FZþ ÓFMIYFZa ÀFZ þF³F IYF °FFZ ³FbIYÀFF³F ³FWeÔ WbXAF, »FmdIY³F IYBÊ B¸FFS°FFZÔ IYFZ ·FFSe ³FbIYÀFF³F ´FWbXa¨FF ±FFÜ 1934 IYF ·FcIaY´F QZJ ¨FbIZY À±FF³Fe¹F SZXO IiYFÀF ÀFFZÀFF¹FMe IZY ÀFd¨FU ¸FZþS þ³FS»F (dSMF¹FOÊX) IZY´Fe ¸F»»FF IYW°FZ W`ÔX dIY A¶F VFWS IYe AF¶FFQe EIY »FFJ ÀFZ ª¹FFQF WXFZ ¦FBÊ W`XÜ A¶F °FFZ dS¢MS ÀIZY»F ´FS LW IYe °FeUi°FF UF»FF ·FcIaY´F VFWS IYFZ ÀFFRY IYS ÀFIY°FF W`XÜ ³FE d³F¸FFʯF IZY ¨F»F°FZ ÀFOXÞIZÔY B°F³Fe °Fa¦F WXFZ ¦FBÊ W`ÔX dIY ·FcIaY´F IYe dÀ±Fd°F ¸FZÔ »FFZ¦FFZÔ IYFZ d³FIYF»F³FF ¹FF ¸F»F¶FF WMF³FF ·Fe ¸FbdVIY»F WXFZ þFE¦FFÜ Um IYW°FZ W`ÔX dIY 1934 ¸FZÔ °FFZ ª¹FFQF°FS B¸FFS°FZÔ EIY ¹FF QFZ ¸Fadþ»Fe ±FeÔ× »FZdIY³F A¶F °FFZ ´FFa¨F-LW ¸Fadþ»Fe B¸FFS°FZÔ AF¸F W`ÔXÜ QFdþÊd»Fa¦F ³F¦FS´FFd»FIYF ³FZ ¶Fe°FZ ÀFF»F ¸FBÊ ¸FZÔ AFE ÓFMIYFZa IZY ¶FFQ LW ¸Fadþ»F ¹FF CÀFÀFZ DaX¨Fe B¸FFS°FFZÔ IZY ¸FFd»FIYFZa IYFZ IYFS¯F ¶F°FFAFZ ³FFZdMÀF ·FZþF ±FFÜ »FmdIY³F BÀF ¶FFSZX ¸FZÔ A¶F °FIY IYFZBÊ NXFZÀF ´Fi¦Fd°F ³FWeÔ WbXBÊ W`XÜ B»FFIZY ¸FZÔ ¶FOXÞZ ´F`¸FF³FZ ´FS ¶F³F³FZ UF»Fe ¶FWbX¸Fadþ»Fe B¸FFS°FFZÔ, dþ³F¸FZÔ ÀFZ ª¹FFQF°FS IYF d³F¸FFʯF IYF³Fc³FFZÔ IYFZ NZXa¦FF dQJF IYS WbXAF W`X, IZY ¨F»F°FZ ´FUÊ°Fe¹F B»FFIZY ¸FZÔ d¸F˜e IYe ÀFaS¨F³FF ¶FQ»F ¦FBÊ W`XÜ BÀFe UþW ÀFZ ¹FW ´FcSF B»FFIYF ·FcÀJ»F³F IZY d»FWFþ ÀFm IYFRYe ÀFaUZQ³FVFe»F WXFZ ¦F¹FF W`XÜ W»IYe ¶FFdSVF WXFZ°FZ We þ¸Fe³F ²FaÀF³FZ »F¦F°Fe W`X× »FZdIY³F À±FF³Fe¹F
i
d¶F»OXS AF¸F »FFZ¦FFZÔ IZY dW°FFZÔ AF`S d³F¸FFʯF IYF³Fc³FFZÔ IYe A³FQZJe IYS SWZX W`ÔX× ·FcdUÄFFd³F¹FFZÔ IYF IYW³FF W`X dIY ¦F`SIYF³Fc³Fe B¸FFS°FFZÔ IZY d³F¸FFʯF AF`S C³F¸FZÔ OÑXZ³FZþ IYe ÀF¸Fbd¨F°F ½¹FUÀ±FF ³FWeÔ WXFZ³Fm IYe UþW ÀFZ ·FcÀJ»F³F IYe §FM³FFEÔ °FZþe ÀFZ ¶FPXÞe W`ÔXÜ EIY ·Fc U`ÄFFd³FIY ÀFb¶FeS ÀFSIYFS IYW°FZ W`ÔX dIY ¶Fe°FZ »F¦F·F¦F ÀFF` U¿FFZË ÀFZ QFdþÊd»Fa¦F IYe AF¶FFQe ¶FZ°FWFVFF ¶FPXÞe W`XÜ BÀF ¶FPXÞ°Fe AF¶FFQe IZY ¨F»F°FZ AU`²F d³F¸FFʯF ·Fe °FZþ WbXAF W`X× B³F B¸FFS°FFZÔ ¸FZÔ OÑXZ³FZþ IYe IYFZBÊ ÀF¸Fbd¨F°F ½¹FUÀ±FF ³FWeÔ WXFZ°FeÜ þ¸Fe³F ²FaÀF³FZ IYe §FM³FFAFZÔ ¸FZÔ UÈdî BÀFe IYF ³F°FeþF W`XÜ SFª¹F IZY ³F¦FS dUIYFÀF ¸FaÂFe AVFFZIY ·F˜F¨FF¹FÊ IYW°FZ W`ÔX dIY ÀFSIYFS ³FZ À±FF³Fe¹F ³F¦FS´FFd»FIYF ÀFZ AU`²F d³F¸FFʯF ´FS AaIbYVF »F¦FF³Fm IYFZ IYWF W`XÜ Um IYW°FZ W`ÔX dIY AU`²F d³F¸FFʯF IYe IYFZBÊ NXFZÀF UþW ³FWeÔ W`XÜ ·FU³F d³F¸FFÊ°FF ÀFSZXAF¸F d³F¹F¸FFZÔ IYe A³FQZJe IYS SWZX W`ÔXÜ QFdþÊd»Fa¦F ¸FZÔ dIYÀFe IYFZ ÀFSIYFS IYF OS We ³FWeÔ W`XÜ A¶F °FIY BÀF ¸FF¸F»FZ ¸FZÔ dIYÀFe IYFZ d¦FSµ°FFS ³FWeÔ dIY¹FF ¦F¹FF W`XÜ ·F˜F¨FF¹FÊ IYW°FZ W`ÔX dIY ³F¦FS´FFd»FIYF Ad²FIYFSe þ¶F °FIY À±FF³Fe¹F »FFZ¦FFZÔ IZY ÀFF±F d¸F»F IYS IYF¸F ³FWeÔ IYSZXa¦FZ, BÀF ÀF¸FÀ¹FF ´FS AaIbYVF »F¦FF³FF ¸FbdVIY»F W`XÜ QSAÀF»F, ¶Fe°FZ QFZ QVFIYFZa ÀFZ ·Fe »Fa¶FZ ÀF¸F¹F ÀFZ B»FFIZY ¸FZÔ SFþ³Fed°FIY AFaQFZ»F³FFZÔ ³FZ ·Fe BÀF ÀF¸FÀ¹FF IYFZ þdM»F ¶F³FF³FZ ¸FZÔ AW¸F ¹FFZ¦FQF³F dQ¹FF W`XÜ ´FiFIÈYd°FIY ÀFF`ÔQ¹FÊ IYFZ ¸FbaW d¨FPÞF°Fe JOÞe ¶FWbX¸Fadþ»Fe B¸FFS°FZÔ dU³FFVF IYFZ Jb»FF ³¹FFZ°FF QZ SWe W`ÔXÜ QSAÀF»F, ³F¶¶Fm IZY QVFIY IYe VFbøYAF°F ¸FZÔ ¦FFZSJF»F`ÔOX AFaQFZ»F³F IZY JF°¸Fm IZY ¶FFQ þ¶F ´F¹FÊM³F ¸FZÔ CLF»F AF¹FF °FFZ ¹FWFa ²FOXÞ»»FZ ÀFZ AU`²F d³F¸FFʯF VFbøY WXFZ ¦F¹FFÜ ´FiVFFÀF³F ³FZ VFbøY ÀFZ We BÀF ´FS ¨Fb´´Fe ÀFF²FZ SJe W`XÜ 1988 ¸FZÔ ¦FFZSJF ³FZ°FF ÀFb·FF¿F §FedÀFa¦F IYe A¦FbUFBÊ ¸FZÔ ¦FdNX°F QFdþÊd»Fa¦F ¦FFZSJF ´FUÊ°Fe¹F ´FdS¿FQ ³FZ ·Fe BÀF ´FS d³F¹FaÂF¯F IYS³FZ ¸FZÔ IYFZBÊ dQ»F¨FÀ´Fe ³FWeÔ
26 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
dQJFBÊÜ »Fa¶FZ AFaQFZ»F³F IZY ¶FFQ ÀFØFF IYF ÀFbJ ·FFZ¦F³FZ UF»FZ ¦FFZSJF ³FZVF³F»F d»F¶FSZXVF³F RiYaM (þeE³FE»FERY) ³FZ°FFAFZÔ IYe ´FcSe dQ»F¨FÀ´Fe ´F`ÀFF ¶F³FF³FZ U EZVFFZ AFSF¸F IYe dþaQ¦Fe d¶F°FF³FZ ¸FZÔ SWeÜ A¶F ´FUÊ°Fe¹F ÃFZÂF IZY »FFZ¦FFZÔ IYFZ BÀFe CQFÀFe³F°FF IYF Jd¸F¹FFþF ·Fb¦F°F³FF ´FOÞ SWF W`XÜ »FmdIY³F SFª¹F ÀFSIYFS ¹FF À±FF³Fe¹F ³F¦FS´FFd»FIYF BÀF ÀF¸FÀ¹FF ´FS AaIbYVF »F¦FF³Fm IYe dQVFF ¸FZÔ IYFZBÊ NXFZÀF ´FW»F IYS³Fm IYe ¶FþF¹F EIY-QcÀFSZX IYFZ QFZ¿Fe NWSF³FZ ¸FZÔ þbMZ W`ÔXÜ ÀFb·FF¿F §FedÀFa¦F IYF QF`S J°¸F WXFZ³Fm IZY ¶FFQ A¶F ¦FFZSJF þ³F¸FbdöY ¸FFZ¨FFÊ ·Fe A»F¦F SFª¹F IYe ¸FFa¦F ¸FZÔ °Fe³F ÀFF»F ÀFZ AFaQFZ»F³F IYe SFW ´FS W`XÜ BÀF AFaQFZ»F³F IZY ¨F»F°FZ ¦FFZSJF ´FUÊ°Fe¹F ´FdS¿FQ ´Fa¦Fb WXFZ ¦FBÊ W`XÜ ³F°Feþ°F³F B»FFIZY ¸FZÔ ÀFSIYFS ³FF¸F IYe IYFZBÊ ¨Feþ We ³FWeÔ ¶F¨Fe W`XÜ AF`S þ¶F B»FFIZY ¸FZÔ ÀFSIYFS IYF OS We ³FWeÔ ¶F¨FF WXFZ °FFZ CÀFIZY d³F¹F¸FFZÔ IYFZ ·F»FF IYF`³F ¸FF³FZ¦FFÜ ·FcÀJ»F³F IZY ¨F»F°FZ ¨F˜F³FZÔ dJÀFIY³Fm IZY IYFS¯F ¶FSÀFF°F IZY ÀFeþ³F ¸FZÔ A¸Fc¸F³F QZVF IZY ¶FFIYe dWÀÀFFZÔ ÀFZ BÀF ´F¹FÊM³F IZÔYýi IYF ÀFa´FIÊY IYMF SW°FF W`XÜ ÀFOXÞIZÔY U dUä´FidÀFï MÐUF¹F MÑZ³F ¹FF³Fe dJ»FF`³FF ¦FFOXÞe IYe ´FMdS¹FFa McM þF°Fe W`ÔX× BÀF MÐUF¹F MÑZ³F IYFZ ¹Fc³FmÀIYFZ ³FZ dUä ²FSXFZWSXFZa IYe ÀFc¨Fe ¸FZÔ SJF W`XÜ EIY UF¢¹F ¸FZÔ IYWZXa °FFZ B»FFIZY IZY ¶FZ°FS°FeU dUIYFÀF ³FZ We dU³FFVF IYFZ ³¹FFZ°FF dQ¹FF W`XÜ dÀF»Fe¦FbOÞe ÀFZ QFdþÊd»Fa¦F IZY ¶Fe¨F 77 dIY»FFZ¸FeMS »Fa¶Fe ÀFOXÞIY dW»FIYFMÊ SXFZO IZY QFZ³FFZÔ AFZS WþFSXFZa ³FE ¸FIYF³F ¶F³F ¦FE W`ÔXÜ B³F¸FZÔ ¨FFS ÀFZ AFNX ¸Fadþ»Fe B¸FFS°FZÔ ·Fe VFFd¸F»F W`ÔX× B³F ¸FIYF³FFZÔ IZY d³F¸FFʯF IZY d»FE ´FWFOXÞFZÔ AF`S ´FZOXÞFZÔ IYe IYMFBÊ IYF ³FþFSF AF¸F W`XÜ AU`ÄFFd³FIY °FSeIZY ÀFZ WXFZ³FZ UF»Fe BÀF IYMFBÊ IZY ¨F»F°FZ ´FWFOXÞFZÔ IYe d¸F˜e IYFRYe ³FS¸F WXFZ þF°Fe W`X AF`S ¶FSÀFF°F IZY ÀFeþ³F W»IYe ¶FFdSVF WXFZ°FZ We ¹FW A´F³FZ ÀFF±F C³F ¸FIYF³FFZÔ U ÀFOXÞIYFZa IYFZ ·Fe A´F³FZ ÀFF±F WþFSXFZa RYeM ¦FWSe JFBÊ ¸FZÔ »FZ þF°Fe W`XÜ
IY½FSX ÀMXûSXe Aa²FF²Fba²F d³F¸FFʯF IYe UþW ÀFZ QFdþÊd»Fa¦F VFWS IYF ¨FZWSF ´FcSe °FSW ¶FQ»F ¦F¹FF W`XÜ ´FW»FZ d¶FidMVF VFFÀF³FIYF»F IZY QF`SF³F ¶F³FUFE ¦FE »FF»F SaX¦F IZY dIY»FZ³Fb¸FF ¸FIYF³F We VFWS IYe ´FW¨FF³F ±FZÜ »FmdIY³F A¶F ¹FWFa ¶FWbX¸Fadþ»Fe B¸FFS°FZÔ IbYIbYS¸FbØFFZÔ IYe °FSW C¦F AFBÊ W`ÔXÜ B³F¸FZÔ UFÀ°FbIY»FF IZY EIY ÀFZ ¶FPXÞ IYS EIY ³F¸Fc³FZ d¸F»F þFEÔ¦FZ×Ü 12 ÀFF»F ¶FFQ QFdþÊd»Fa¦F AFE ¸Fba¶FBÊ IZY SF¸F ¨Faýi ³FF¹FIY IYW°FZ W`ÔX dIY ´FcSZX VFWS IYF ¨FZWSF We ¶FQ»F ¦F¹FF W`X×Ü A¶F °FFZ ´FbSF³Fe B¸FFS°FZÔ Qb»FÊ·F WXFZ ¦FBÊ W`ÔXÜ ¹FW ´FUÊ°Fe¹F VFWS ·Fe ¸Fba¶FBÊ IYe °FSW IYFaIiYeM IYF þa¦F»F ¶F³F ¦F¹FF W`XÜ ´FcSZX VFWS ¸FZÔ ±FFZOXÞeÀFe ·Fe Jb»Fe þ¦FW ³FWeÔ d¸F»FZ¦FeÜ ¨FF`IY ¶FFþFS B»FFIZY ¸FZÔ ¨FF»FeÀF U¿FFZÊa ÀFZ WXFZM»F ¨F»FF³FZ UF»FZ SFþZ³F ±FF´FF IYW°FZ W`ÔX dIY QZJ°FZ-QZJ°FZ ´FcSF VFWS B¸FFS°FFZÔ ÀFZ ·FS ¦F¹FF W`XÜ ´FbSF³Fe B¸FFS°FFZÔ IZY ¨F»F°FZ QFdþÊd»Fa¦F IYF ÀFF`ÔQ¹FÊ ÀF¶FÀFZ A»F¦F ³FþS AF°FF ±FF, UW ÀF¶F A¶F J°¸F WXFZ ¨FbIYF W`XÜ Um IYW°FZ W`ÔX dIY VFWS IYe AF¶FFQe U ´F¹FÊMIYFZa IYe AFUFþFWe dþÀF °FZþe ÀFZ ¶FPXÞ SWe W`X CÀFÀFZ BÀF VFWS IZY UþcQ ´FS ÀFUFd»F¹FF d³FVFF³F »F¦F ¦F¹FF W`XÜ ´FFa¨F-LW ÀFF»F ´FW»FZ B»FFIZY ¸FZÔ ¶FOXÞZ ´F`¸FF³FZ ´FS WbXE ·FcÀJ»F³F ¸FZÔ °FIYSe¶F³F ¨FF»FeÀF »FFZ¦F ¸FFSZX ¦FE ±FZ AF`S IYSXFZOXFZa IYe ÀFa´FdØF IYF ³FbIYÀFF³F WbXAF ±FFÜ CÀFIZY ¶FFQ SFª¹F ÀFSIYFS ³FZ BÀFIYe UþW IYF ´F°FF »F¦FF³Fm IYF dþ¸¸FF dÀF»Fe¦FbOÞe IZY dU²FF¹FIY U ³F¦FS dUIYFÀF ¸FaÂFe AVFFZIY ·F˜F¨FF¹FÊ IYFZ ÀFF`Ô´FF ±FFÜ
çâçP¤×
£F°FSmX IYe CX»MXe d¦F³F°Fe VFbøY IbY¸FFSX ´Fi°FeIY, ¦Fa¦FMXûIY
Îð
àæ ·¤æ âÕâð ¹êÕâêÚUÌ ¥õÚU ÀôÅUæ ÂßüÌèØ ÚUæ’Ø çâçP¤× ¥ÂÙè ãÚUè ÖÚUè ßÙSÂçÌ, âé´ÎÚU Âýæ·¤ëçÌ·¤ ƒææçÅUØô´ ¥õÚU çßàææÜ ÂßüÌô´ ·Ô¤ çÜ° Âýçâh ãñÐ Øã ÚUæ’Ø çÌ ÕÌ ·¤è âè×æ âð âÅUæ ãôÙð ·¤è ßÁã ÚU‡æÙèçÌ·¤ ÌõÚU ÂÚU Öè ÕðãÎ ×ãˆßÂê‡æü ãñÐ ÕȤü âð É·¤è çã×æÜØ ·¤è ¿ôçÅUØô´, ȤêÜô´ ·Ô¤ »é‘Àô´ âð ÜÎð ×ñÎæÙ, ¿×·¤ÎæÚU ÕãéçÕÚU´»è â´S·¤ëçÌ ¥õÚU ×ÙôÚU´Á·¤ ˆØôUãæÚU ·Ô¤ âæÍ Øãæ´ ·¤è ßÙSÂðçÌ ¥õÚU Áèß-Á´Ìé ·¤è çßçßÏÌæ §â ÚUæ’Ø ·¤è ¹æçâØÌ ãñÐ Âêßèü çã×æÜØ ×ð´ ÌèâÚUè ÕǸè ÂßüÌ×æÜæ ·¤´¿ÙÁ´ƒææ (}zxy ×èÅUÚU) ·Ô¤ Ùè¿ð Õâæ çâçP¤× © æÚ U×ð´ çÌ ÕÌ, Âêßü ×ð´ ÖêÅUæÙ, Âçp× ×ð´ ÙðÂæÜ ¥õÚU Îçÿæ‡æ ×ð´ Âçp× Õ´»æÜ âð çƒæÚUæ ãñÐ Øãæ¡ ·Ô¤ çÙßæâè ·¤´¿ÙÁ´»æ ·¤ô ¥ÂÙæ ÚUÿæ淤߿ ¥õÚU Âý×é¹ ÎðßÌæ ×æÙÌð ãñ´Ð ©óæÌ çàæ¹ÚUô´, ãÚUè-ÖÚUè ßæçÎØô´, ÌðÁ ÕãÌè ÙçÎØô´ ¥õÚU ÂãæǸè ×ñÎæÙô´ âð ÖÚUð çâçP¤× ·¤ô ÂØüÅU·¤ô´ ·Ô¤ çÜ° Sß»ü ·¤ãæ Áæ â·¤Ìæ ãñÐ Üðç·¤Ù Øã ÚUæ’Ø Öè ÂǸôâè Âçp× Õ´»æÜ ·Ô¤ ÂßüÌèØ ÂØüÅUÙ ·Ô¤´Îý ÎæçÁüçÜ´» ·¤èÌÚUã ãè ¹ÌÚUð ×ð´ ãñÐ ãÚU âæÜ ÕÚUâæÌ ·Ô¤
·F˜F¨FF¹FÊ ³FZ ·Fe SFª¹F ÀFSIYFS IYFZ ÀFF`Ô´Fe A´F³Fe dS´FFZMÊ ¸FZÔ AU`²F d³F¸FFʯF IYFZ We BÀFIZY d»FE dþ¸¸FZUFS NWSF¹FF ±FFÜ AVFFZIY ·F˜F¨FF¹FÊ IYW°FZ W`ÔX dIY °FZþe ÀFZ WXFZ³FZ UF»FF VFWSeIYS¯F ´FiFIÈYd°FIY WFQÀFm IYFZ ¶FPXÞFUF QZ SWF W`XÜ Um IYW°FZ W`ÔX dIY SFª¹F ÀFSIYFS ³FZ ¶FWbX°F ´FW»FZ We ´FUÊ°Fe¹F ÃFZÂF IYFZ MFC³F EÔO IaYMÑe ´»FFd³Fa¦F E¢M IZY QF¹FSZX ¸FZÔ »FF³FZ ¸FZÔ IYF ´Fi¹FFÀF dIY¹FF ±FFÜ »FmdIY³F QFdþÊd»Fa¦F ¦FFZSJF ´FUÊ°Fe¹F ´FdS¿FQ IYe ¸FaþcSe ³FWeÔ d¸F»F³Fm IZY IYFS¯F ¹FW ¸FF¸F»FF AF¦FZ ³FWeÔ ¶FPXÞ ÀFIYFÜ QFdþÊd»Fa¦F A¶F QZVF IYF ÀFUFÊd²FIY AF¶FFQe UF»FF ´FUÊ°Fe¹F ÃFZÂF ¶F³F ¦F¹FF W`XÜ ¶Fe°Fm IbYL U¿FFZË IZY QF`SF³F ·FcÀJ»F³F ¹FF³Fe þ¸Fe³F dJÀFIY³Fm IYe §FM³FFAFZÔ ¸FZÔ ¶FPXÞFZ°FSe IZY ¶FFQ ´FiVFFÀF³F ³FZ ´FFa¨F ÀFF»F ´FW»Fm IbYL ´FiÀ°FFU °F`¹FFS dIYE ±FZÜ B³F¸FZÔ IY¸FþFZS d³F¸FFʯF IYFZ d¦FSF³FF, ³FZVF³F»F WFBUZ ÀFZ AU`²F IY¶þF WMF³FF AF`S B»FFIZY ¸FZÔ ¸FIYF³FFZÔ IYe DaX¨FFBÊ 13 ¸FeMS °FIY ÀFed¸F°F IYS³FF VFFd¸F»F ±FFÜ »FmdIY³F B³F ´FS A¶F °FIY A¸F»F ³FWeÔ WXFZ ÀFIYF W`X×Ü ¸FaÂFe AVFFZIY ·F˜F¨FF¹FÊ IYW°FZ W`ÔX dIY ´FiVFFÀF³F EIY ÀFUÊZÃF¯F IZY þdSE IY¸FþFZS B¸FFS°FFZÔ IYe ÀFc¨Fe °F`¹FFS IYSZX¦FFÜ CÀFIZY ¶FFQ ¸FFd»FIYFZa ÀFZ C³FIYe ¸FS¸¸F°F IZY d»FE IYWF þFE¦FFÜ A¦FS UZ BÀF ´FS ÀFW¸F°F ³FWeÔ WXFZ°FZ °FFZ C³F ¸FIYF³FFZÔ IYFZ d¦FSF dQ¹FF þFE¦FFÜ B³F B¸FFS°FFZÔ IZY d»FE BÔÀFF³Fe þeU³F J°FSZX ¸FZÔ ³FWeÔ OF»FF þF ÀFIY°FFÜ ´FZOXÞFZÔ IYe IYMFBÊ U DaX¨Fe B¸FFS°FFZÔ IZY d³F¸FFʯF IZY
A»FFUF ·FFSe UFW³FFZÔ IYe AFUFþFWe ·Fe þ¸Fe³F dJÀFIY³Fm IYe EIY ´Fi¸FbJ UþW W`XÜ ÀFØFS IZY QVFIY °FIY ¹FWFa JFôF³³FFZÔ U ·FFSe ÀFF¸FF³FFZÔ IYe PbX»FFBÊ MÐUF¹F MÑZ³F IZY þdSE WXFZ°Fe ±FeÜ »FmdIY³F A¶F ¹FW ÀFFSF ÀFF¸FF³F MÑIYFZa ÀFZ PXFZ¹FF þF°FF W`XÜ ´F¹FÊMIYFZa IYe °FFQFQ ¶FPXÞ³FZ IZY IYFS¯F dW»FIYFMÊ SXFZO ´FS UFW³FFZÔ IYe °FFQFQ ·Fe ´FW»Fm IZY ¸FbIYF¶F»Fm IYBÊ ¦Fb³Fe ¶FPXÞ ¦FBÊ W`XÜ ´F¹FFÊUS¯F dUVFZ¿FÄFFZÔ IZY ¸Fb°FFd¶FIY, B³F UFW³FFZÔ IYe AFUFþFWe IZY IYFS¯F WXFZ³FZ UF»Fm IaY´F³F ÀFZ ´FWFOXÞFZÔ IYe d¸F˜e U ¨F˜F³FZÔ ²FeSZX-²FeSZX Pe»Fe WXFZ þF°Fe W`ÔX AF`S ·FFSe ¶FSÀFF°F WXFZ³Fm IYe dÀ±Fd°F ¸FZÔ þ¦FW LFZOXÞ³FZ »F¦F°Fe W`ÔXÜ BÀFIZY A»FFUF ´FF³Fe IYe d³FIYFÀFe IZY d»FE Aa¦FiZþFZÔ IZY þ¸FF³FZ ¸FZÔ ¶F³Fe °F¸FF¸F ³FFd»F¹FFa ·FS ¦FBÊ W`ÔXÜ dUVFZ¿FÄFFZÔ IYF IYW³FF W`X dIY ·FcIaY´F IYF W»IYF-ÀFF ÓFMIYF ·Fe QFdþÊd»Fa¦F IYF ³FF¸FFZd³FVFF³F d¸FMF ÀFIY°FF W`XÜ SFª¹F ÀFSIYFS, dþ»FF ´FiVFFÀF³F AF`S ¦FFZSJF ´FUÊ°Fe¹F ´FdS¿FQ ³FZ A¦FS ÀF¸F¹F SW°FZ BÀF AFZS ²¹FF³F dQ¹FF WXFZ°FF °FFZ ´FWFOXÞFZÔ IYe BÀF SF³Fe IYFZ ´FiIÈYd°F IYe ¸FFS ³FWeÔ ÓFZ»F³Fe ´FOÞ°FeÜ »FmdIY³F ¢¹FF dIYÀFe IYFZ B³F Jc¶FÀFcS°F ´FWFdOXÞ¹FFZÔ IYe IYFZBÊ dRYIiY W`X? »FFJ MIZY IZY BÀF ÀFUF»F IYF þUF¶F QFdþÊd»Fa¦F IZY »FFZ¦F °F»FFVF °FFZ SWZX W`ÔXÜ »FmdIY³F dRY»FWF»F EZÀFF ³FWeÔ »F¦F°FF dIY dIYÀFe IZY ´FFÀF BÀFIYF IYFZBÊ NXFZÀF þUF¶F W`XÜ ÀF¶FÀFZ ¶FOXÞe dUOaX¶F³FF °FFZ ¹FW W`X dIY A¶F ·Fe BÀFZ ¶F¨FF³Fm IYe dQVFF ¸FZÔ IYFZBÊ NXFZÀF ´FW»F ³FWeÔ WXFZ SWe W`XÜ
§Üæ·Ô¤ ×ð´ ÌðÁè âð ãôÙð ßæÜð ¥ßñÏ çÙ×æü‡æ ¥õÚU ÕǸð-ÕǸð Õæ´Ï çã×æÜØ ÂÚU ÕðãÎ ÂýçÌ·¤êÜ ¥âÚU ÇæÜ ÚUãð ãñ´. §Üæ·Ô¤ ·¤è Öê»ÖèüØ ÂçÚUçSÍçÌØô´ ·¤æ ØæÜ ç·¤° çÕÙæ ã× ¥ÂÙè ÁM¤ÚUÌô´ ·Ô¤ ×éÌæçÕ·¤ ×Ù×æÙð ÌÚUè·Ô¤ âð ÂðǸ ß ÂãæǸ ·¤æÅU ÚUãð ãñ´. ¥Õ ã×âð ÕÎÜæ ÜðÙð ·¤è ÕæÚUè Âý·¤ëçÌ ·¤è ãñÐ çâçP¤× Ì·¤ ÚUðÜ ·¤è ÂÅUçÚUØæ´ çÕÀæÙð ·Ô¤ ÚUðÜ ×´˜ææÜØ ·¤æ Èñ¤âÜæ ¥õÚU ÁÜÉæ·¤æ,ÛææÜ´» ¥õÚU ÙðßǸæßñÜè Á´»Üô´ âð ãô·¤ÚU ÚUæÁÏæÙè »´»ÅUô·¤ Ì·¤ ßñ·¤çË·¤ âǸ·¤ ÕÙæÙð ·¤æ âðÙæ ·¤æ ÂýSÌæß çâÚU ÂÚU ×´ÇÚUæ ÚUãð çßÙæàæ ·¤ô ‹ØôÌæ ÎðÙð ·Ô¤ çÜãæÁ âð ÌæÕêÌ ·¤è ¥æç¹ÚUè ·¤èÜ âæçÕÌ ãô â·¤Ìð ãñ´. ÂêÚUæ ÂßüÌèØ §Üæ·¤æ çßÙæàæ ·¤è ·¤»æÚU ÂÚU ¹Ç¸æ ãñÐ Üðç·¤Ù ç·¤âè ·¤ô §â ¥ôÚU ŠØæÙ ÎðÙð ·¤è ȤéâüÌ ãè ¥çÙ×ðá Õâé Ùãè´ ãñÐ âèÁÙ ×ð´ ÂãæǸ Ï´âÙð ·¤è ßÁã âð çâçP¤× ·¤ô ÎéçÙØæ·¤ô Õæ·¤è çãSâð âð ÁôǸÙð ßæÜæ ÙðàæÙÜ ãæ§ßð Õ´Î ãô ÁæÌæ ãñ ¥õÚU §â ÚUæ’Ø ·¤æ â´Â·¤ü ·¤ÅU ÁæÌæ ãñÐ çßàæðá™æô´ ·¤æ ·¤ãÙæ ãñ ç·¤ ç×^è ·¤æ ·¤ÅUæß ¥õÚU §â·¤æ â´ÚUÿæ‡æ ãè Á×èÙ Ï´âÙð ·¤è Âý×é¹ ßÁã ãñÐ Üðç·¤Ù §â·Ô¤ ¥Üæßæ °·¤ ¥õÚU ßÁã Øã ãñ ç·¤ çã×æÜØ ·¤è §â Âêßèü ÚUð´Á ·Ô¤ ÂãæǸ ¥Âðÿææ·¤ëÌ ÁßæÙ ãñÐ §Ù·¤è ÕÙæßÅU ×ð´ ãôÙð ßæÜð ÕÎÜæßô´ ·¤è ßÁã âð Öê»ÖèüØ Éæ´¿æ Ü»æÌæÚU ÕÎÜÌæ ÚUãÌæ ãñ ¥õÚU ¥Õ Ì·¤ çSÍÚU Ùãè´ ãô â·¤æ ãñÐ §â·Ô¤ ¥Üæßæ Îðàæ ·Ô¤ ÎêâÚUð ÂßüÌèØ §Üæ·¤ô´ ·¤è ÌÚUã Øãæ´ ãôÙð ßæÜè ÂðǸô´ ·¤è ¥´ÏæÏé´Ï ·¤ÅUæ§ü Öè ç×^è ç¹â·¤Ùð ·¤è °·¤ Âý×é¹ ßÁã ãñÐ ÂðǸô´ ·¤è ·¤ÅUæ§ü ·Ô¤ ¿ÜÌð ç×^è ÙÚU× ãô ÁæÌè ãñÐ ÕÚUâæÌ ·Ô¤ âèÁÙ ×ð´ ÂãÜè ÕæçÚUàæ ãôÌð ãè Øã ç×^è ¥ÂÙð âæÍ¥æâÂæâ ·Ô¤ §Üæ·Ô¤ ·¤ô â×ðÅUÌð ãé° Ùè¿ð ç»ÚUÙð Ü»Ìè ãñ ¥õÚU Ùè¿ð ÕÙè âǸ·¤ ãè §â·¤æ ÂãÜæ çàæ·¤æÚU ÕÙÌè ãñÐ ÂýôÈÔ¤âÚU ÚUôÁÚU çÕÜãæ×, çßÙôÎ ·Ô¤. »õǸ ¥õÚU ÂèÅUÚU ×ôÜÙæ× Ùæ×·¤ Öêçß™ææçÙØô´ Ùð çã×æÜØ âðâç×·¤ ãðÁæÇü àæèáü·¤ ¥ÂÙð àæôÏ Â˜æ ×ð´ ·¤ãæ Íæ
ç·¤ §â ÕæÌ ·Ô¤ °·¤æçÏ·¤ â´·Ô¤Ì ç×Üð ãñ´ ç·¤ çã×æÜØ ·Ô¤ §â §Üæ·Ô¤ ×ð´ °·¤ ÕǸæ Öê·¤´Â ·¤Öè Öè ¥æ â·¤Ìæ ãñÐ ©ââð Üæ¹ô´ Üô»ô´ ·¤è ÁèßÙ ¹ÌÚUð ×ð´ ÂǸ â·¤Ìæ ãñÐ ©‹ãô´Ùð ·¤ãæ Íæ ç·¤ çã×æÜØ ·Ô¤ Àã ÿæð˜æô´ ×ð´ çÚU UÅUÚU S·Ô¤Ü ÂÚU ¥æÆ Øæ ©ââð ’ØæÎæ ·Ô¤ Öê·¤´Â ¥æÙð ·¤æ ¥´Îðàææ ãñÐ ÎæçÁüçÜ´»-çâçP¤× ÚUð´Á Öè §Ù×ð´ àææç×Ü ãñÐ §â ÕæÌ ·¤æ ÂýÕÜ ¥´Îðàææ ãñ ç·¤ çã×æÜØ ·Ô¤ çÁÙ §Üæ·¤ô´ ×ð´ ÕèÌð Âæ´¿-âæÌ âõ ßáôZ ×ð´ ·¤ô§ü ÕǸæ Öê·¤´Â Ùãè´ ¥æØæ ãñ ßãæ´ ¥Õ °ðâæ ãô â·¤Ìæ ãñÐ Âçp× Õ´»æÜ ×ð´ çâÜè»éǸè çSÍÌ çã×æÜØÙ Ùð¿ÚU °´Ç °Çßð´¿ÚU Ȥ橴ÇðàæÙ Ùæ×·¤ °·¤ »ñÚU-âÚU·¤æÚUè â´»ÆÙ, Áô ÂãæǸô´ ·¤ô Õ¿æÙð ·¤è çÎàææ ×ð´ ·¤æ× ·¤ÚU ÚUãæ ãñ, ·Ô¤ â´ØôÁ·¤ ¥çÙ×ðá Õâé ·¤ãÌð ãñ´ ç·¤ çã×æÜØ ·¤æ Âêßèü çãSâæ ¥Öè ¥ÂÙè ç·¤àæôÚUæßSÍæ ×ð´ ãñÐ §âçÜ° §â·¤è ¿^æÙð´ ¥Õè ÎêâÚUð çãSâô´ ·¤è ÌÚUã Æôâ Ùãè´ ãñÐ Øã ÕæÌ §âð Öê·¤´Â ·Ô¤ ÂýçÌ ÕðãÎ â´ßðÎÙàæèÜ ÕÙæÌè ãñ. ßð ·¤ãÌð ãñ´ ç·¤ ÂßüÌèØ §Üæ·Ô¤ ·¤è Ì×æ× âǸ·Ô¤´ çÕýçÅUàæ àææâÙ·¤æÜ ·Ô¤ ÎõÚUæÙ ÕÙè ÍèÐ ÌÕ ©Ù ÂÚU ¿ÜÙð ßæÜð ßæãÙô´ ·¤è ÌæÎæÎ ÕãéÌ ·¤× ÍèÐ ¥Õ Øã ÌæÎæÎ âõ »éÙð âð ’ØæÎæ Õɸ »§ü ãñÐ
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 27
IY½FSX ÀMXûSXe ÙÌèÁÌÙ ÂãæǸô´ ÂÚU ÕôÛæ Öè Õɸæ ãñ. §â ÕôÛæ ·¤ô Ùãè´ âã ÂæÙð ·¤è ßÁã âð Öè ÂãæçǸØô´ ·Ô¤ ÂñÚU ©¹Ç¸ ÚUãðãñ´Ð. ¥ÌèÌ ×ð´ ÕǸð Öê·¤´Â ·¤æ ·¤ô§ü §çÌãæâ Ùãè´ ãôÙð ·¤è ßÁã âð ÂãæçǸØô´ ·¤è Øã ÎæçÁüçÜ´»-çâçP¤× ÚUð´Á Öê·¤´Â ·Ô¤ ÂýçÌ ÕðãÎ â´ßðÎÙàæèÜ ãô »§ü ãñÐ ·¤õ´çâÜ È¤æÚU â槴çÅUçȤ·¤ °´Ç §´ÇçSÅþØÜ çÚUâ¿ü (âè°â¥æ§ü¥æÚU) ·Ô¤ âð´ÅUÚU ȤæÚU ×ñÍð×ðçÅU·¤Ü °´Ç ·¤´ŒØêÅUÚU çâ×ÜðàæÙ ·¤è °·¤ ÅUè× Ùð ÕèÌð ·¤éÀ ßáôZ ·Ô¤ ¥ÂÙ𠥊ØØÙ ·Ô¤ ÕæÎ çÚUÂôÅUü ×ð´ ·¤ãæ ãñ ç·¤ §Ù ÂãæçǸØô´ ·Ô¤ Ùè¿ð ÏèÚUð-ÏèÚUð ÎÕæß ÕÙ ÚUãæ ãñÐ ÅUè× ·Ô¤ ÙðÌæ ÂýôÈÔ¤âÚU »õǸ ·Ô¤ ×éÌæçÕ·¤, §Üæ·Ô¤ ×ð´ ·¤Öè Öè ·¤ô§ü ÕǸæ Öê·¤´Â ¥æ â·¤Ìæ ãñÐ Á×èÙ ·Ô¤ Ùè¿ð ÎÕè ª¤Áæü ÁÕ ÕæãÚU çÙ·¤Üð»è ÌÕ Öê·¤´Â âð çÁâ Âñ×æÙð ÂÚU çßÙæàæ ãô»æ, ©â·¤æ ¥Ùé×æÙ Ü»æÙæ Öè ×éçà·¤Ü ãñÐ çßàæðá™æô´ ·Ô¤ ×éÌæçÕ·¤, Á×èÙ ·Ô¤ Ùè¿ð ÖæÚUÌèØ ß ØêÚUðçàæØæ§ü ŒÜðÅUô´ ·Ô¤ Õè¿ ÅU·¤ÚUæß ·¤è ßÁã âð çßàææÜ·¤æØ ¿^æÙð´ Îçÿæ‡æ ·¤è ¥ôÚU ÕɸÌè ãñ´Ð §Ù ¿^æÙô´ ·¤ô °·¤-ÎêâÚUð âð ¥Ü» ·¤ÚUÙð ßæÜè ŒÜðÅUô´ ·Ô¤ Á»ã ÕÎÜÙð âð ãè ©Ù·Ô¤ Ùè¿ð ÎÕè ª¤Áæü ·Ô¤ ÕæãÚU çÙ·¤ÜÙð ·¤è ßÁã âð Öê·¤´Â ¥æÌð ãñ´Ð ßñ™ææçÙ·¤ô´ ·¤æ ·¤ãÙæ ãñ ç·¤ çâP¤× ×ð´ çÌSÌæ ÙÎè ÂÚU ÕÙÙð ßæÜè ÂÙ çÕÁÜè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô´ ·Ô¤ ÌãÌ ÕÙæ° Áæ ÚUãð Õæ´Ï Öè çßÙæàæ ·¤ô ‹ØôÌæ Îð ÚUãð ãñ´Ð ÂãæǸô´ ·¤æ âèÙæ ¿èÚU ·¤ÚU ÕÙÙð ßæÜð Øã Õæ´Ï ª¤Áæü ·Ô¤ çßçÖóæ M¤Âô´ ×ð´ ç·¤âè ÀôÅUð âð §Üæ·Ô¤ ×ð´ ·Ô¤´çÎýÌ ·¤ÚU ÚUãð ãñ´Ð çÌSÌæ ·¤ô ÎéçÙØæ ×ð´ âÕâð ’ØæÎæ ÌÜÀÅU ßæÜè ÙÎè ×æÙæ ÁæÌæ ãñÐ Õæ´Ïô´ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ÕÙð ÁÜæàæØô´ ×ð´ ÖæÚUè ×æ˜ææ ×ð´ ÌÜÀÅU Á×æ ãô»èÐ Øã ª¤Áæü ÕæãÚU çÙ·¤Üè Ìô §Üæ·Ô¤ ·¤æ ×çÅUØæ×ðÅU ãôÙæ ÌØ ãñÐ ‚ÜôÕÜ ßæç×Z» ·¤è ßÁã âð ÙÎè ·Ô¤ ©e×SÍÜ ÂÚU ÕÙð ‚ÜôçàæØÚUô´ ·Ô¤ Ü»æÌæÚU
çƒæÜÙð ·¤è ßÁã âð ¥æ»æ×è ·¤éÀ ßáôZ ·Ô¤ ÎõÚUæÙ çÌSÌæ ·¤æ ÁÜSÌÚU ÕɸÙð ·¤æ ¥´Îðàææ ãñ. °ðâð ×ð´ Øã ¹ÌÚUæ ¥õÚU Õɸ ÁæÌæ ãñÐ Öêçß™ææÙè çã×æÜØ ·¤è ¥L¤‡ææ¿Ü ¥õÚU ×ŠØ ÙðÂæÜ ÚUð´Á ·¤ô ¥Âðÿææ·¤ëÌ âéÚUçÿæÌ ×æÙÌð ãñ´Ð §â·¤è ßÁã Øã ãñ ç·¤ ©Ù ÎôÙô´
çßàæðá™æô´ ·Ô¤ ×éÌæçÕ·¤, Á×èÙ ·Ô¤ Ùè¿ð ÖæÚUÌèØ ß ØêÚUðçàæØæ§ü ŒÜðÅUô´ ·Ô¤ Õè¿ ÅU·¤ÚUæß ·¤è ßÁã âð çßàææÜ·¤æØ ¿^æÙð´ Îçÿæ‡æ ·¤è ¥ôÚU ÕɸÌè ãñ´. §Ù ¿^æÙô´ ·¤ô °·¤-ÎêâÚUð âð ¥Ü» ·¤ÚUÙð ßæÜè ŒÜðÅUô´ ·Ô¤ Á»ã ÕÎÜÙð âð ãè ©Ù·Ô¤ Ùè¿ð ÎÕè ª¤Áæü ·Ô¤ ÕæãÚU çÙ·¤ÜÙð ·¤è ßÁã âð Öê·¤´Â ¥æÌð ãñ´Ð §Üæ·¤ô´ ×ð´ Ìô ·ý¤×àæÑ v~z® ¥õÚU v~xy ×ð´ ÕǸð Âñ×æÙð ÂÚU Öê·¤´Â ¥æ ¿é·Ô¤ ãñ´Ð Üðç·¤Ù ÎæçÁüçÜ´»çâP¤× ß ÖêÅUæÙ ÚUð´Á ×ð´ ·¤ô§ü ÕǸæ Öê·¤´Â Ùãè´ ¥æØæ ãñÐ çã×æÜØ ·Ô¤ Öê·¤´Â ·Ô¤ ÂýçÌ â´ßðÎÙàæèÜ ãôÙð ·¤ô ŠØæÙ ×ð´ ÚU¹Ìð ãé° âßæÜ Øã Ùãè´ ãñ ç·¤ Öê·¤´Â ¥æ°»æ Øæ Ùãè´Ð ¥âÜè âßæÜ Øã ãñ ç·¤ Öê·¤´Â ·¤Õ ¥æ°»æÐ çÌSâæ ÂÚU ÕÙÙð ßæÜð Õæ´Ïô´ Ùð §â §Üæ·Ô¤ ×ð´ Öê·¤´Â ·¤è ¥æãÅU ÌðÁ ·¤ÚU Îè ãñÐ Üðç·¤Ù §â·¤è »çÌ ·¤æ ¥Ùé×æÙ Ü»æÙð ·¤æ ·¤ô§ü ÁçÚUØæ çȤÜãæÜ Ùãè´ ãñÐ çÌSÌæ ÂÚU ÂÙçÕÁÜè ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ¥ô¡ ·¤æ ·¤æ× àæéM¤ ãôÙð ·Ô¤ ÕæßÁêÎ Üô»ô´ ·¤ô Áæ»M¤·¤ ÕÙæÙð ·Ô¤ çÜ° ·¤ãè´ ·¤ô§ü ¥çÖØæÙ àæéM¤ Ùãè´ ãô â·¤æ ãñÐ ·¤éÀ â´»ÆÙ §Ù Õæ´Ïô´ ·Ô¤ ç¹ÜæȤ ¥æßæÁ ÁM¤ÚU ©Ææ ÚUãð ãñ´Ð Üðç·¤Ù ©Ù·¤è ßã ¥æßæÁ
28 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
ÙP¤æÚU¹æÙð ×ð´ ÌêÌè ÕÙ ·¤ÚU ÚUã »§ü ãñÐ ¥çÙ×ðá Õâé ·¤ãÌð ãñ´ ç·¤ §Üæ·Ô¤ ×ð´ ÌðÁè âð ãôÙð ßæÜð ¥ßñÏ çÙ×æü‡æ ¥õÚU ÕǸð-ÕǸð Õæ´Ï çã×æÜØ ÂÚU ÕðãÎ ÂýçÌ·¤êÜ ¥âÚU ÇæÜ ÚUãð ãñ´Ð §Üæ·Ô¤ ·¤è Öê»ÖèüØ ÂçÚUçSÍçÌØô´ ·¤æ ØæÜ ç·¤° çÕÙæ ã× ¥ÂÙè ÁM¤ÚUÌô´ ·Ô¤ ×éÌæçÕ·¤ ×Ù×æÙð ÌÚUè·Ô¤ âð ÂðǸ ß ÂãæǸ ·¤æÅU ÚUãð ãñ´Ð ¥Õ ã×âð ÕÎÜæ ÜðÙð ·¤è ÕæÚUè Âý·¤ëçÌ ·¤è ãñÐ Õâé ·¤ãÌð ãñ´ ç·¤ çâçP¤× Ì·¤ ÚUðÜ ·¤è ÂÅUçÚUØæ´ çÕÀæÙð ·Ô¤ ÚUðÜ ×´˜ææÜØ ·¤æ Èñ¤âÜæ ¥õÚU ÁÜÉæ·¤æ, ÛææÜ´» ¥õÚU ÙðßǸæßñÜè Á´»Üô´ âð ãô·¤ÚU ÚUæÁÏæÙè »´»ÅUô·¤ Ì·¤ ßñ·¤çË·¤ âǸ·¤ ÕÙæÙð ·¤æ âðÙæ ·¤æ ÂýSÌæß çâÚU ÂÚU ×´ÇÚUæ ÚUãð çßÙæàæ ·¤ô ‹ØôÌæ ÎðÙð ·Ô¤ çÜãæÁ âð ÌæÕêÌ ·¤è ¥æç¹ÚUè ·¤èÜ âæçÕÌ ãô â·¤Ìð ãñ´Ð ÂêÚUæ ÂßüÌèØ §Üæ·¤æ çßÙæàæ ·¤è ·¤»æÚU ÂÚU ¹Ç¸æ ãñÐ Üðç·¤Ù ç·¤âè ·¤ô §â ¥ôÚU ŠØæÙ ÎðÙð ·¤è ȤéâüÌ ãè Ùãè´ ãñÐ Õâé ·¤ãÌð ãñ´ ç·¤ ¥»ÚU ¥Õ Öè §â ¹ÌÚUð ·¤ô Öæ´Â ·¤ÚU Õãé×´çÁÜè §×æÚUÌô´, ÕǸð Õæ´Ïô´ ·Ô¤ çÙ×æü‡æ ¥õÚU ÂãæǸô´ ·¤è ·¤ÅUæ§ü ÂÚU ¥´·¤éàæ Ùãè´ Ü»æÙð ·Ô¤ çÜ° ·¤ô§ü Æôâ ·¤æÙêÙ Ùãè´ ÕÙæØæ »Øæ Ìô ¹ÌÚUæ ·¤§ü »éÙæ Õɸ Áæ°»æÐ Öê·¤´Â ·Ô¤ ÂýçÌ â´ßðÎÙàæèÜ §Üæ·¤ô´ ×ð´ ÂãÜð âð ãé° çÙ×æü‡æ ·¤ô ×ÁÕêÌ ·¤ÚUÙð ·¤è çÎàææ ×ð´ Öè ÂãÜ ·¤ÚUÙè ¿æçã°Ð ©Ù·¤æ ·¤ãÙæ ãñ ç·¤ §â §Üæ·Ô¤ ×ð´ çÚU UÅU·¤ S·Ô¤Ü ÂÚU Àã ·¤è ÌèßýÌæ ßæÜæ ·¤ô§ü Öê·¤´Â Öè ÖæÚUè ÌÕæãè Üæ â·¤Ìæ ãñÐ ÌÕ Ì×æ× Õæ´Ï ß Õãé×´çÁÜè §×æÚUÌð´ Ìæàæ ·Ô¤  æô´ ·¤è Éã Áæ°»èÐ °ðâè ÂçÚUçSÍçÌ ×ð´ ãôÙð ßæÜð ÁæÙ-×æÜ ·Ô¤ Ùé·¤âæÙ ·¤æ ÂêßæüÙé×æÙ â´Öß ãè Ùãè´ ãñÐ âÚU·¤æÚU, Ù»ÚUÂæçÜ·¤æ¥ô´ ß Ì×æ× â´»ÆÙô´ ·¤ô ç×Ü ·¤ÚU §â ¹ÌÚUð âð Õ¿Ùð ·Ô¤ ©ÂæØô´ ÂÚU »´ÖèÚUÌæ âð çß¿æÚU ·¤ÚUÙæ ¿æçã°Ð Õâé âßæÜ ·¤ÚUÌð ãñ´ UØæ ·¤ô§ü §â çÁ ×ðßæÚU ÂãÜ ·Ô¤ çÜ° âæ×Ùð ¥æ°»æ? ¥æç¹ÚU çÕ„è ·Ô¤ »Üð ×ð´ ƒæ´ÅUè ·¤õÙ Õæ´Ïð»æ ?
AF´FQF
LXØFeÀF¦FPÞX
IYWXFa ªFFEa AF´FQF IZY ¸FFSmX SFþIbY¸FFS ÀFFZ³Fe, SF¹F´FbS
°FF
»F ,°FF»FF¶F AF`S BÔýiFU°Fe,JF÷Y³F ,dVFU³FF±F ÀFZ »FZIYS ¸FWF³FQe þ`ÀFe ³FdQ¹FFZÔ UF»FZ LØFeÀF¦FPÞ IZY d»FE ¶FFPXÞ Ad·FVFF´F W`XÜ AFdQUFÀFe ¶FWbX»F LØFeÀF¦FPÞ IYF EIY LFZS ¶FÀ°FS þWFh ¶FSÀFF°F ¸FZÔ IYBÊ MF´FbAFZÔ ¸FZÔ °F¶Qe»F WXFZ þF°FF W`X UWe ¸FWF³FQe IYF ´FF³Fe ¨FPÞ°FZ We AFZdOXÞÀFF °FIY ÀF`IYOXÞFZÔ ¦FFhU IYÀF¶FZ ´FF³Fe ¸FZÔ C°FSF³FZ »F¦F°FZ W`X Ü ´FS IY·Fe ·Fe ¶FFPXÞ ÀFZ ´FW»FZ ¶F¨FFU IZY IYFZBÊ IYFS¦FS BÔ°FþF¸F ³FWe dIYE þF°FZ Ü ¶FFPXÞ SFW°F IZY ÀFSIYFSe A±FÊVFFÀÂF ¸FZÔ AF¸F °FF`S ´FS ¦FSe¶F IZY ´F»»Fm IbYL ³FWe ´FOÞ°FF, ´FS IYWF þF°FF W`X ¹FW ·Fe dIYÀFe ÀFZ LbX´FF ³FWe W`XÜ IZY³ýie¹F þ»F AF¹FFZ¦F IYFZ ·FZþe ¦FBÊ dS´FFZMÊ °FFZ ¹FWe ¶F°FF°Fe W`X dIY LØFeÀF¦FPÞ IZY dIYÀFe ³F dIYÀFe dWÀÀFZ WS ÀFF»F k¶FFPXÞl IYF AF¦F¸F³F þøYS WXFZ°FF W`XÜ A·Fe WF»F IZY dQ³FFZÔ ¸FZÔ dU·FF¦F ³FZ AF¹FFZ¦F IYFZ U¿FÊ 2003 ÀFZ »FZIYS A¶F °FIY WbXE ³FbIYÀFF³F IYe þFZ dS´FFZMÊ ·FZþe W`X CÀF¸FZÔ ¹FW ¶F°FF¹FF ¦F¹FF W`X dIY ¶FFPXÞ IYe dU·Fed¿FIYF ÀFZ »F¦F·F¦F 12 ÀFF` »FFZ¦F ¸FF`°F IZY ¸FbaW ¸FZÔ ÀF¸FF ¨FbIZY
þZÀFe¶Fe ¸FVFe³F, »FFBRY þ`IZYM, ¸FFZMS ¶FFZM, ¸F³Fe»FFSXFZ´F, °FFS´FFZ»Fe³F, E¹FSMëc¶F, ¦F`°Fe, RYFUOXÞF, þ³FSZXMS, S¶FS QFÀ°FF³FZÔ IYe þøYS°F ´FOÞ°Fe W`X, »FmdIY³F A¢ÀFS ¹FW QZJF ¦F¹FF W`X dIY dU·Fed¿FIYF IZY QF`SF³F þ³FÀFZUF IZY d»FE B¨MbXIY AF´FQF ´Fi¶Fa²FIY d¸F»F°FF W`X °FFZ ÀFF¸FF³F ³FWeÔ d¸F»F°FF AF`S B²FS-C²FS RYFZ³F §F³F§F³FF³Fm IZY ¶FFQ ÀFF¸FF³F C´F»F¶²F WXFZ þF°FF W`X °FFZ AF´FQF ´Fi¶FaFIY ¸FFZ¶FFB»F ¶FaQ IYSIZY ÀFFZ¹FF WbXAF d¸F»F°FF W`XÜ dU·FF¦F ³FZ ¶FFPXÞ ÀFZ d³F´FM³Fm IZY d»FE EIY IYSXFZOÞ 50 »FFJ IYe IYe¸F°F IZY IbY»F ´FFa¨F IiYZ³FFZÔ IYe JSeQe IYe W`ÔX, »FmdIY³F B³F IiYZ³FFZÔ ´FS ´Fbd»FÀF IZY ¹FF°FF¹FF°F dU·FF¦F ³Fm IY¶þF þ¸FF SJF W`XÜ ¶FFPXÞ IZY dQ³FFZÔ ¸FZÔ ·Fe B³F IiYZ³FFZÔ ¸FZÔ ¶F`NZX WbXE ´Fbd»FÀFIY¸FeÊ VFWS IYe ¹FF°FF¹FF°F ½¹FUÀ±FF QbSÀ°F IYS°FZ WbXE dQJFBÊ QZ°FZ W`ÔXÜ ¶FFPXÞ ÀFZ
»FmdIY³F A¢ÀFS ¹FW QZJF ¦F¹FF W`X dIY dU·Fed¿FIYF IZY QF`SF³F þ³FÀFZUF IZY d»FE B¨LXbXIY AF´FQF ´Fi¶Fa²FIY d¸F»F°FF W`X °FFZ ÀFF¸FF³F ³FWeÔ d¸F»F°FF AF`S B²FS-C²FS RYFZ³F §F³F§F³FF³Fm IZY ¶FFQ ÀFF¸FF³F C´F»F¶²F WXFZ þF°FF W`X °FFZ AF´FQF ´Fi¶Fa²FIY ¸FFZ¶FFB»F ¶FaQ IYSIZY ÀFFZ¹FF WbXAF d¸F»F°FF W`XÜ W`ÔXÜ ¶FOXÞZ ´F`¸FF³FZ ´FS RYÀF»FFZÔ IYe ÃFd°F AF`S ¸FIYF³FFZÔ IYFZ ³FbIYÀFF³F ´FWbXa¨FF W`XÜ ¹FW ÀFWe W`X dIY k¶FFPXÞl þ`ÀFe ´FiFd°FIY AF´FQF IYF ³F IYFZBÊ d³FdV¨F°F A³Fb¸FF³F »F¦FF¹FF þF ÀFIY°FF W`X AF`S ³F We BÀFZ SXFZIYF þF ÀFIY°FF W`XÜ ¶FFPXÞ IYF ´Fi·FFU IY¸F IYSIZY ³FbIYÀFF³F IY¸F dIY¹FF þF ÀFIY°FF W`X, »FmdIY³F LØFeÀF¦FPÞ ¸FZÔ WS ÀFF»F ³FbIYÀFF³F IYF AFaIYOXÞF ¶FPXÞ°FF þF SWF W`XÜ U¿FÊ 2003 ¸FZÔ ´FiQZVF ¸FZÔ ¶FFPXÞ ÀFZ 2 WþFS 97 IYSXFZOÞ 49 »FFJ IYF ³FbIYÀFF³F WbXAF ±FF, °FFZ 2006 ¸FZÔ ¹FW AFaIYOXÞF 11 WþFS 8 ÀFF` 44 IYSXFZOÞ °FIY þF ´FWbXa¨FFÜ U¿FÊ 2007 U 2008 ¸FZÔ IbY»F 12 WþFS 7 ÀFF` 19 IYSXFZOÞ 6 »FFJ IYF ³FbIYÀFF³F QVFFʹFF ¦F¹FF W`XÜ ´FiQZVF ¸FZÔ ¶FFPXÞ ÀFZ ¶F¨F³FZ IZY °F¸FF¸F C´FF¹F ³FFIYFRYe ÀFFd¶F°F WXFZ SWZX W`ÔXÜ ÀFF¸FF³¹F °FF`S ´FS ¶FFPXÞ ÀFZ ¶F¨FFU IZY d»FE ¸Fþ¶Fc°F B¨LF VFdöY SJ³FZ UF»FZ ½¹FdöY¹FFZÔ IZY A»FFUF IiYZ³F,
¶F¨FFU IZY C´FF¹FFZÔ ¸FZÔ þZÀFe¶Fe ¸FVFe³F IYe ·Fe AFUV¹FIY°FF WXFZ°Fe W`XÜ IYFRYe ´FW»FZ dU·FF¦F ³FZ ³F¦FSe¹F ´FiVFFÀF³F dU·FF¦F IZY þdSE B³F ¸FVFe³FFZÔ IYFZ JSeQF ±FF, »FmdIY³F ¨FFS IYSXFZOÞ 40 »FFJ ¸FZÔ JSeQe ¦FBÊ 22 ¸FVFe³FFZÔ ´FS ³F¦FS d³F¦F¸FFZÔ ³Fm IY¶þF IYS SJF W`XÜ BÀFe °FSW 30 WþFS IYe »FF¦F°F ÀFZ JSeQZ ¦FE 20 þZ³FSZXMS dIYÀFe dUUFW ÀF¸FFSXFZW ¸FZÔ C´F¹FFZ¦F ¸FZÔ »FFE þF SWZX W`X °FFm IYWeÔ SF°F ¸FZÔ ÀFFaÀIÈYd°FIY IYF¹FÊIiY¸F IZY d»FE ´Fi¹FböY dIYE þF SWZX W`ÔXÜ ¶FFPXÞ ¸FZÔ RaYÀFZ WbXE »FFZ¦FFZÔ IYFZ ¶F¨FF³Fm IYe dQVFF ¸FZÔ ¸FFZMS¶FFZM AF`S ³FFdUIYFZa IYe AW¸F ·Fcd¸FIYF WXFZ°Fe W`X »FmdIY³F Qb·FFʦ¹F ÀFZ B³F ¶FFZMFZÔ IYF ÀFWe ÀF¸F¹F ´FS C´F¹FFZ¦F ³FWeÔ WXFZ ´FF°FF W`XÜ A·Fe dÀF°F¸¶FS ¸FWe³Fm IYe ´FFa¨F U LW °FFSeJ IYe QSd¸F¹FF³Fe SF°F þ¶F ²FbS ³F¢ÀF»F ´Fi·FFdU°F B»FFIZY ³FFSF¹F¯F´FbS IYe IbYIcYS ³FQe ¸FZÔ ¶FFPXÞ AFBÊ °FFZ ³F¢ÀF»Fe W¸F»Fm IYe AFVFaIYF ÀFZ Qb¶FIYIYS ÀFFZ³FZ UF»FZ ÀFSIYFSe IY¸FʨFFSe §FS ÀFZ ¶FFWS
We ³FWeÔ d³FIY»FZÜ ³F°FeþF ¹FW WbXAF dIY ³FQe ÀFm IYFRYe QcS ¶FÀFZ »F¦F·F¦F OZXPXÞ ÀFF` ¸FIYF³F ´FcSe °FSW ³Fá WXFZ ¦FE AF`S ÀFF°F ¦FiF¸Fe¯FFZÔ IYe þF³FZ ¨F»Fe ¦FBÊÜ ¹FdQ BÀF B»FFIZY ¸FZÔ ÀFWe ÀF¸F¹F ´FS ¶FFZM ´FWbXa¨F þF°Fe °FFZ »FFZ¦FFZÔ IYFZ ¶F¨FF¹FF þF ÀFIY°FF ±FFÜ B»FFIZY IZY EÀFOXeE¸F ´FiIYFVF IbY¸FFS ÀFUÊZ ·Fe Ad°FdSö ¶FFZM IYe AFUV¹FIY°FF ¸FWÀFcÀF IYS°FZ W`XÜ C³WXFZa³FZ ¸FF³FF dIY
þ¶F AF¦F »F¦FZ¦Fe... ¢¹FF °F¶F IbYAFa JFZQFZ¦FZ LØFeÀF¦FPÞ IZY SFþÀU EUa AF´FQF ´Fi¶Fa²F³F dU·FF¦F IZY ÀFd¨FU ÀFb³Fe»F IbYþcS IZY ¸Fb°FFd¶FIY ´FiQZVF IZY IbYL IY¸FʨFFSe þ¶F AF¦F »F¦FZ¦Fe °F¶F IbYAFa JFZQ³FZ ´FS ·FSXFZÀFF SJ°FZ W`ÔXÜ ÀF¶FIYFZ ¹FW ÀF¸FÓFF¹FF ¦F¹FF W`X dIY ¶FFPXÞ ÀFZ d³F´FM³Fm IZY d»FE ÀF·Fe AFUV¹FIY C´FIYS¯FFZÔ IYe ¸FFa¦F ÀF¸F¹F ÀFZ ´FcUÊ IYS »FZÔ »FmdIY³F IYFZBÊ EZÀFF ³FWeÔ IYS°FF þWFa °FIY IZY³ýie¹F ÀFWF¹F°FF ÀFZ C´FIYS¯FFZÔ IYFZ JSeQ³Fm IYF ÀFUF»F W`X °FFZ CÀF ¶FFSZX ¸FZÔ dÀFRÊY B°F³FF We IYW ÀFIY°FF WcXa dIY BÀF SFdVF IYF QÀF RYeÀFQe dWÀÀFF We ¹FaÂFFZÔ IYe JSeQe IZY d»FE dIY¹FF þF ÀFIY°FF W`XÜ ¹FdQ ´Fbd»FÀFIY¸FeÊ IiYZ³F IYF C´F¹FFZ¦F ¹FF°FF¹FF°F ÀFb²FFS³Fm IZY d»FE IYS SWZX W`ÔX °FFZ BÀF¸FZÔ IYFZBÊ ¶FbSFBÊ ³FWeÔ W`ÔXÜ W¸F ¶FFPXÞ ÀFZ WbXE ³FbIYÀFF³F IYFZ IY¸F IYS³Fm IZY d»FE ´Fi¹FFÀF IYS SWZX W`ÔXÜ dRY»FWF»F °FFZ EIY ¶FFZM W`X »FmdIY³F QFZ ¶FFZM WXFZ°Fe °FFZ SFW°F ´FWbXa¨FF³Fm IZY IYF¸F ¸FZÔ °FZþe AF°FeÜ ¶FÀ°FS ¸FZÔ ¶FFPXÞ IZY ´Fi·FFU IYFZ IY¸F IYS³Fm IZY d»FE WS ÀFF»F IbY»F 9 ¶FFZM AF`S 40 °F`SFIYFZa IYe °F`³FF°Fe IYe þF°Fe W`X, »FmdIY³F dU·FF¦F IZY We EIY dþ¸¸FZQFS ARYÀFS ³FZ ³FF¸F ³F LF´F³Fm IYe VF°FÊ ´FS ¹FW ¸FF³FF dIY ÀFFSZX ´Fi¹FFÀF dQJFUF ÀFFd¶F°F WXFZ°FZ W`ÔXÜ ARYÀFS ³FZ ¶F°FF¹FF dIY þ¶F IY·Fe ·Fe COÞeÀFF IZY A´FSIYFZ»FF OZX¸F ÀFZ ´FF³Fe LFZOXÞF
Disaster Management & Development • February 2011 29
ÂãÜ þF°FF W`X, °FFZ ¶FÀ°FS dOXUeþ³F ´Fi·FFdU°F WXFZ þF°FF W`XÜ ´FiQZVF IYe EIY ´Fi¸FbJ ³FQe (¸FWF³FQe) ¸FZÔ þ¶F IY·Fe ·Fe ´FF³Fe IYF À°FS ¶FPXÞ°FF W`X °FFZ SF¹F´FbS, ¸FWFÀF¸FbaQ, þFaþ¦FeS ¨FFa´FF dþ»Fm IYF EIY ¶FOXÞF dWÀÀFF OcX¶F þF°FF W`X þ¶FdIY JFøY³F AF`S dVFU³FF±F ³FQe ÀFZ Qb¦FÊ AF`S SFþ³FFaQ ¦FFaU dþ»Fm IZY ¦FFaU ´Fi·FFdU°F WXFZ°FZ W`ÔXÜ B³F ÀF·Fe dþ»FFZÔ ¸FZÔ IYWeÔ IiYZ³F (¶FFPXÞ d³F¹FaÂF¯F ¸FZÔ IYF¸F AF³FZ UF»Fe) ³FWeÔ W`X °FFm IYWeÔ þZÀFe¶Fe ¸FVFe³F ³FWeÔ W`XÜ IYWeÔ ³FFdUIY W`ÔX °FFm IYWeÔ ³FFU ³FWeÔ W`XÜ SFª¹F d³F¸FFʯF IZY QÀF ÀFF»F ´FcSZX WXFZ þF³Fm IZY ¶FFQ ·Fe AF´FQF dU·FF¦F MÑIYFZa IZY ¨F¢IYFZa ¸FZÔ IYF¸F AF³FZ UF»FZ Mëc¶FFZÔ IYF ÀFWFSF »FZ°FF W`XÜ ²F¸F°FSe dþ»FZ ¸FZÔ þ¶F IY·Fe ·Fe ¶FFPXÞ AF°Fe W`X °FFZ ´FbSF³Fe »FIYOXÞe UF»Fe ³FFUFZÔ IZY þdSE ¶F¨FFU IYF IYF¸F dIY¹FF þF°FF W`XÜ BÀF dþ»FZ ¸FZÔ 70 ³FFUZÔ AF`S IbY»F B°F³FZ We IbYVF»F ³FFdUIYFZa IYe ¸FF`þcQ¦Fe ¶F³Fe WbXBÊ W`ÔXÜ IaYMÑFZ»F øY¸F ¶FZJ¶FS ´FiQZVF ¸FZÔ þ¶F IY·Fe ¶FFPXÞ IYe dÀ±Fd°F ´F`QF WXFZ°Fe W`X, ÀFc¨F³FF IZY d»FE ¶F³FFE ¦FE IaYMÑFZ»F øY¸F ¶FZJ¶FS WXFZ þF°FZ W`ÔXÜ ¶FFPXÞ d³F¹FaÂF¯F IYÃF ¸FZÔ °F`³FF°F IY¸FʨFFdS¹FFZÔ IYFZ ¹FW ´F°FF We ³FWeÔ WXFZ°FF dIY dþÀF RYFZ³F IYFZ UZ dSÀFeU IYS°FZ W`ÔX, CÀFZ dþ»FF ´FiVFFÀF³F ³FZ ¶FFPXÞ d³F¹FaÂF¯F IYÃF §FFZd¿F°F IYS SJF W`XÜ AF´FQF ´Fi¶FaF³F dU·FF¦F ³Fm IYWeÔ dOX´Me IY»FZ¢MSXFZa IYFZ þUF¶FQFSe QZ SJe W`X °FFm IYWeÔ ·Fc-Ad·F»FZJ ¸FZÔ IYF¸F IYS³FZ UF»FFZÔ IYFZ ´Fi·FFSe ¶F³FF dQ¹FF W`XÜ ¶FFPXÞ IYe dÀ±Fd°F AF`S ÀFc¨F³FF ÀFaIY»F³F IZY d»FE °F`³FF°F dIYE ¦FE IY¸FʨFFSe IY·Fe JbQ IYFZ ¨F´FSFÀFe ¶F°FF°FZ W`ÔX °FFm IY·Fe ¶FF¶FcÜ IYSXFZOÞFZÔ IYe ÀFWF¹F°FF ·FFS°F ÀFSIYFS IZY AF´FQF IYFZ¿F ÀFZ WS ÀFF»F SFª¹F IYFZ IYSXFZOÞFZÔ ÷Y´FE IYe ÀFWF¹F°FF Qe þF°Fe W`X, »FmdIY³F dU·FF¦F IZY ÀFcÂFFZÔ IYF QFUF W`X dIY BÀF ÀFWF¹F°FF IYF Ad²FIYFaVF dWÀÀFF A³FFUV¹FIY IYF¸FFZÔ ¸FZÔ We J¨FÊ WXFZ þF°FF W`XÜ IZY³ýi þFZ ÀFWF¹F°FF QZ°FF W`X °FFZ CÀFIYF C´F¹FFZ¦F ¶FFPXÞ ´FedOXÞ°FFZÔ IZY §FS ¶F³FF³Fm IZY d»FE ¶FFaÀF-¶F»»Fe QZ³FZ, ·FFZþ³F C´F»F¶F IYSF³Fm IZY d»FE ·Fe WXFZ³FF ¨FFdWE »FmdIY³F ¹FW ÀFWF¹F°FF ·Fe dQJFUF ÀFFd¶F°F WXFZ°Fe W`XÜ A·Fe ¨FaQ SXFZþ ´FW»FZ ³FFSF¹F¯F´FbS ¸FZÔ þFZ ¶FFPXÞ AFBÊ CÀF¸FZÔ ³F IZYU»F ¨FZ³QøY ¸F¯OFUe IZY ´FdSUFS IZY ÀFQÀ¹F ¶FFPXÞ ¸FZÔ ¶FWIYS IYF»F IZY ¦FF»F ¸FZÔ ÀF¸FF ¦FE ¶Fd»IY ¸FIYF³F IZY PW³FZ ÀFZ CÀFZ ·Fe SFW°F dVFdUS ¸FZÔ SW³Fm IYFZ ¸Fþ¶FcS WXFZ³FF ´FOÞF W`XÜ U¿FÊ 1960 IZY QVFIY ¸FZÔ k¨FZ³QøY Q ¶FF¹F EaO MFB¦FSl ³FF¸FIY dRY»¸F ¸FZÔ ¸Fb£¹F dIYSQFS d³F·FF³FZ UF»FF ¨FZ³QøY A¶FcÓF¸FFdPX¹FF ´FW»FZ ÀFZ We ¦FSe¶Fe IYe ¸FFS ÓFZ»F SWF W`XÜ A¶F ·Fe CÀFIYe AFd±FÊIY dÀ±Fd°F EZÀFe ³FWeÔ W`X dIY UW QFZ¶FFSF A´F³FF AFdVF¹FF³FF ¶F³FF ÀFIZYÜ ¶FFPXÞ IYF ´FF³Fe C°FS þF³Fm IZY ¶FFQ ·Fe ¨FZ³QøY IYFZ ÀFSIYFSe ÀFWF¹F°FF ³FWeÔ d¸F»F ´FFBÊ W`X þ¶FdIY dU·FF¦F IZY ´FFÀF ÀFWF¹F°FF IZY d»FE EIY ÀFF` 39 IYSXFOZ Þ 93 »FFJ 50 WþFS IYe SFdVF ´FOÞe WbXBÊ W`XÜ LØFeÀF¦FPÞ ¸FZÔ ´FWX»FZ 15 U¿FFZÊa ÀFZ »F`ÔOX dSIYFOÊX ·Fe QbSÀ°F ³FWeÔ WXFZ ´FF SWF W`XÜ IZÔYýi ÀFSIYFS õFSF ´FOÞ°F ·Fcd¸F dUIYFÀF ´FdS¹FFZþ³FF, ¸FøY·Fcd¸F dUIYFÀF ¹FFZþ³FF AF`S ÀFcJF ´Fi·FFdU°F ÃFZÂF IYFZ d¸F»FFIYS EIYeIÈY°F þ»F ¦FiW¯F ´Fi¶Fa²F³F IYF¹FÊIiY¸F ¶F³FF¹FF þF³FF W`XÜ ·Fcd¸F IZY C´F¹FFZ¦F, ´FOÞ°F IYFZ C´FþFD, RYÀF»F C°´FFQ³F AF`S þ»FUF¹Fb ÀFa¶Fa²Fe ¶FQ»FFU IYFZ »F`ÔOX dSIYFOÊX ¸FZÔ QþÊ ³FWeÔ IYS³Fm IZY IYFS¯F IYWFa ¶FFPXÞ AF SWe W`X AF`S IYWFa ÀFcJF ´FOÞ SWF W`X BÀFIYF NeIY °FSeIZY ÀFZ AFaIY»F³F ·Fe ³FWeÔ »F¦F ´FF SWF W`XÜ
×àææÜ Íæ×ð ãñ´ ÚUæç»Ùè ÕãÙ »æ´
Ïè ·¤è ·¤ËÂÙæ ·¤æ ÖæÚUÌ Öè ×õÁêÎ ãñÐ âôÙÖÎý ·Ô¤ Á´»Ü ×ð´ ¥æÁ Öè »æ¡Ïè ·¤è ×âæÜ Íæ×ð ãñ ÚUæç»Ùè ÕãÙ Áô ¿æÚU Îàæ·¤ ÂãÜð Øãæ¡ ¥æ§ü Íè Ð âÕ ·¤éÀ ÀôǸ·¤ÚU, ©‘¿ çàæÿææ ¥õÚU Çæ UÅUÚUè Ì·¤Ð ØôÚUÂêÚU ·Ô¤ »æ´ß ×ð´ çßàææÜ ÅUÕæü§Ùô´ ·Ô¤ ¿P¤ô´ ·¤æ àæôÚU âéÙæ§ü Îð»æ ãè »æ´Ïè ·¤æ ¿ÚU¹æ Öè ƒæê×Ìæ ç×Ü Áæ°»æÐ ßñEè·¤ÚU‡æ ¥õÚU Ì·¤ÙæÜæÁè ·Ô¤ §â ÎõÚU ×ð´ Öè ßÙßæâè âðßæ ¥æŸæ× ×ð´ »æ´Ïè ÎàæüÙ ·¤è Áô ×àææÜ ÁÜæ ÚU¹è ãñ ©â·¤è ÚUôàæÙè çâȤü Îðàæ ×ð´ Ùãè âÚUãÎ ÂæÚU Ì·¤ ´ãò´¿ ÚUãè ãñÐ Á×üÙ Üðç¹·¤æ °çÜÁôÍ ãæ´Çè Ùð ¥æŸæ× ÂÚU çܹè ÂéSÌ·¤ ×ð´ çÅUŒÂ‡æè ç·¤Øæ ç·¤ »æ´Ïè Áè Ùð °ðâð ãè ÖæÚUÌ ·¤è ·¤ËÂÙæ ·¤è ãô»è Áãæò´ °·¤ »ýæ×è‡æ Öè SßæÜ´ÕÙ, çàæÿææ, ·¤ëçá âã·¤æçÚUÌæ ·¤æ ÂæÆ Âɸ â·Ô¤, ¥æŸæ× ©â·¤æ ÙæØæÕ ©ÎæãÚU‡æ ãñÐ Âý ØæÌ ÂØæüÚU‡æçßÎ ÁèÇè ¥»ýßæÜ Áñâð Üô» §â ¥æŸæ× ×ð´ ÂýçÌßáü ¥æ·¤ÚU §âð âßæ´ÚUÙð ×ð´ ¥ÂÙè Öêç×·¤æ ¥Îæ ·¤ÚUÌð ãñÐ ©Âý ·Ô¤ ÂýÍ× ×é Ø×´˜æè »ôçß‹Î Õ„Ö Â‹Ì mæÚUæ SÍæçÂÌ ØôÚUÂêÚU ·Ô¤ »æ´ß §â ßÙßæâè âðßæ ¥æŸæ× ·¤è Õæ»ÇôÚU ÁÕ Âýð× Öæ§ü ¥õÚU ©Ù·¤è Ï×üˆÙè Çæ ÚUæç»Ùè ÕãÙ Ùð â´ÖæÜè Ìô ¥æçÎßæâè ÕæãéËØ §â ÿæð˜æ ·¤è Îàææ ¥ˆØ‹Ì àæô¿ÙèØ ÍèÐ Øãæò´ ·Ô¤ Üô» Á´»Üè ȤÜô´ ƒææâ Ȥêâ Áñâð »ðÆè, ·¤´Îæ, ¥×ÜõÜæ, çÂØæÚU, ¿·¤Ç¸, §ˆØæçÎ ¹æ·¤ÚU ÁèßÙ ØæÂÙ ·¤ÚUÙð ÂÚU ×ÁÕêÚU ÍðÐ Ü·¤Ç¸è Õð¿Ùæ, Ìð‹Îê  ææ ÌôǸÙæ ãè §Ù·¤æ ×é Ø ÃØßâæØ ÍæÐ §‹ãè´ ÂçÚUçSÍçÌØô´ Ùð §â Î Âç æ ·¤ô ×æÙß âðßæ ·¤è ÂýðÚU‡ææ ÎèÐ ·¤ëçá ßñ™ææçÙ·¤ Âýð× Öæ§ü ç¿ç·¤ˆâ·¤ Çæ ÚUæç»Ùè ÕãÙ Ùð »æò´Ïè ÎàæüÙ ·Ô¤ çâfæ‹Ì ·Ô¤ âæÍ §â ÂçÚUßðàæ ·¤è ÌSßèÚU ÕÎÜÙð ·¤æ ÕèÇ¸æ ©ÆæØæ, ·¤æȤè ãÎ Ì·¤ ©Ù·¤ô âȤÜÌæ Öè ç×ÜèÐ §â·¤æ ©ÎæãÚU‡æ Øã ãñ ç·¤ ÎðãÚUæÎêÙ ¥æ§ü°°â Âýçàæÿæ‡æ °·¤æÇ×è âð Âýçàæÿæé¥ô´ ·¤ô °·¤ »æò´Ïè ·¤æ »æ´ß çιæÙð ·Ô¤ çÜ° Øãæò´ çÙØç×Ì ÌõÚU ÂÚU ÖðÁæ ÁæÌæ ãñÐ Âýçàæÿæé ÂýçÌ×æ, ÚUæÏæ çןææ ¥õÚU °Ü°× ×èÙæ Ùð ¥æŸæ× ×ð´ Öý×‡æ ·Ô¤ ÎõÚUæÙ ¥ÂÙð ¥ÙéÖß ·¤ô Õæò´ÅUÌð ãé° ·¤ãæ ·Ô¤ ©Ù Üô»ô´ Ùð ç·¤ÌæÕô´ ×ð´ »æò´ß ·¤è çÁâ ÌSßèÚU ·¤ô Îð¹æ Íæ, ßã ¥æŸæ× ·Ô¤ »æòß ×ð´ âæ·¤æÚU M¤Â Üð ÚUãè ãñÐ çÕýÅUðÙ çÙßâè ¾æóææ ·Ô¤ ¥ÙéâæÚU ¥×UˆØü âðÙ ·Ô¤ çß·¤æâ ·¤è ¥ßÏæÚU‡ææ ¥æŸæ× ×ð´ ȤÜèÖêÌ ãô ÚUãè ãñÐ ¿ôÂÙ Üæ·¤ ·Ô¤ ·¤ôÅUæ ·Ô¤ SßÌ´˜æÌæ â´»ýæ× âðÙæÙè ÚUæ× ÙÚUðàæ çÌßæÚUè ·Ô¤ ¥ÙéâæÚU »æò´Ïè ·¤æ âˆØæ»ýã UØæ Íæ Øã ©‹ãô´Ùð ¥æŸæ× âð ãè âè¹æÐ ×ãæˆ×æ »æòÏè ·Ô¤ âðR¤ðÅUÚUè ÚUã ¿é·Ô¤ ÙæÚUæ؇æ Îðâæ§ü ·Ô¤ ¥ÙéâæÚU âÕâð çÙ¿Üð ÃØçQ¤ ·¤ô ·ñ¤âð ©ÂÚU ©ÆæØæ ÁæÌæ ãñ, §âð ¥æŸæ× ×ð´ Õ¹êÕè Îð¹æ Áæ â·¤Ìæ ãñÐ¥æŸæ× ×ð´ ¥æçÎßæâè Õ‘¿ô´ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ¥õ¿æçÚU·¤ ÌÍæ ¥Ùõ¿æçÚU·¤ çàæÿææ ·¤è Öè ÃØßSÍæ ãñÐ ¥æŸæ× ·¤è ¥æçÎßæâè ÕæçÜ·¤æ ãèÚU ·¤é´ÚU Ùð ÁÕ È¤ýæ´â çÁ×ÙæSÅU ×ð´ Öæ» Üð·¤ÚU ÚUÁÌ Âη¤ Âýæ# ç·¤Øæ Ìô çÁÜæ ÂýàææâÙ Ùð ·¤ãæ ç·¤ §â ÕæçÜ·¤æ Ùð âôÙÖÎý ·¤æ ×SÌ·¤ ©´¿æ ç·¤Øæ ãñÐ ©â𠻇æÌ‹˜æ çÎßâ ·Ô¤ ¥ßâÚU ÂÚU â ×æçÙÌ Öè ç·¤Øæ »ØæÐ ßáü w®®x ×ð´ ×ŠØ ÂýÎðàæ ·Ô¤ ̈·¤æÜèÙ ×é Ø×´˜æè Ùð ¥æŸæ× ·¤ô â ×æçÙÌ ·¤ÚUÌð ãé° ·¤ãæ ç·¤ Çæ ÚUæç»Ùè ÕãÙ Ùð ¥ÂÙð ¥æŸæ× ×ð´ »æò´Ïè ÎàæüÙ ·¤ô ¥×Üè Áæ×æ ÂãÙæ·¤ÚU °·¤ ¥Ùé·¤ÚU‡æèØ ç×âæÜ Âðàæ
30 Disaster Management & Development • February 2011
·¤è ãñÐ ·Ô¤·Ô¤ çÕÇÜæ »ýé Ùð Öè ¥æŸæ× ·¤ô »æò´Ïè àææç‹Ì ÂéÚUS·¤æÚU âð ÙßæÁæÐ ¥æŸæ× ·¤è â´¿æçÜ·¤æ Çæ UÅUÚU ÚUæç»Ùè ÕãÙ °×ÕèÕè°â Çæ UÅUÚU ãñ´, Üðç·¤Ù âôÙÖÎý ·Ô¤ ¥æçÎßæçâØô´ ·Ô¤ ·¤M¤‡ææ Ùð ©‹ãð´ Øãè´ Õâ ÁUæÙð ·¤è ÂýðÚU‡ææ Îè ¥õÚU ßð ×æÙß âðßUæ ×ð´ ÁéÅU »Øè´Ð ßð ·¤§ü Îàæ·¤ âð ¥æçÎßæçâØô´ ·Ô¤ Õè¿ Øãæ´ ÂÚU ·¤æ× ·¤ÚU ÚUãè ãñ´Ð Øã ÿæð˜æ ·¤æȤè Îé»ü× ãñ ¥õÚU ¿æÚUô´ ÌÚUȤ Á´»Ü âð çƒæÚUæ ãé¥æ ãñÐ °ðâð ÂçÚUßðàæ ×ð´ ·¤æ× ·¤ÚUÙæ ¥æ× Üô»ô´ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ¥æâæÙ Ùãè´ ãñÐ ÚUæç»Ùè ÕãÙ âð âçßÌæ ß×æü Ùð ·¤éÀ â×Ø ÂãÜð ÕæÌ ·¤è ÍèÐ ÕæÌ¿èÌ ·Ô¤ ¥´àæâôÙÖÎý ×ð´ ÂØæüßÚU‡æ ÂýÎêá‡æ ·¤è UØæ çSÍçÌ ãñ ? - ÕãéÌ ãè ¹ÚUæÕ, ©lô»ô´ mæÚUæ ©ˆâçÁÌü ÂýÎêá‡æ Ùð ȤâÜô´ ÂÚU âèÏæ ÂýÖæß ÇæÜæ ãñ ¥õÚU ȤâÜô´ ·¤è ©ˆÂæη¤Ìæ ·¤ô ƒæÅUæ çÎØæ ãñÐ ßëÿæô´ Ùð Öè È¤Ü ÎðÙæ Õ‹Î ·¤ÚU çÎØæ ãñÐ Øã Ìô ×ñ´Ùð ¹éÎ ãè Îð¹æ ãñÐ ã×æÚUð Øãæ´ ¥æ× ·Ô¤ ÂðǸô´ ·Ô¤ È¤Ü ·¤æÈ¤è ·¤× ãô »°Ð Áô çÙ·¤Üð, ßð Öè ¹ÚUæÕ ãô »°Ð ÂýÎêá‡æ çÙßæÚU‡æ ·Ô¤ âÚU·¤æÚUè ÂýØæâô´ âð ¥æ ·¤ãæò´ Ì·¤ âã×Ì ãñ´? - çÁÜæ ÂýàææâÙ ÁÕ ©lô» ƒæÚUæÙô´ ·¤ô ¥ÙæÂç æ Âý×æ‡æ Â˜æ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ÕéÜæÌæ ãñ Ìô ¥õlôç»·¤ ÂýçÌDæÙ ÂýàææâÙ ·¤æ âç ×çÜÌ ÂýØæâ ãôÌæ ãñ ç·¤ ×ñ´ ßãæ Ù Âãé´¿ â·´¤ê ·¤éÀ ÿæð˜æô´ ×ð´ Áæ·¤ÚU ÕÎÌÚU çSÍçÌ ·¤ô ¥æ Îð¹ â·¤Ìð ãñ´Ð ¥õlôç»·¤ ·¤¿ÚUô´ ·Ô¤ çÇSÂôÁÜ ·Ô¤ ÕæÚUð ×𴠥样¤è UØæ ÚUæØ ãñ? - UÜæ§ü °ðàæ âð »ôçß‹Î ß„Ö Â´Ì âæ»ÚU ·¤æ xz ÂýçÌàæÌ çãSâæ ÖÚU »Øæ ãñÐ ¥ôÕÚUæ ÌæÂèØ ÂçÚUØôÁÙæ âôÙ ÙÎè ×ð´ UÜæ§ü °ðàæ Õãæ ÚUãè ãñÐ ¥Õ Ìô âǸ·¤ô´ ·Ô¤ ç·¤ÙæÚUð Öè ¥æ·¤ô UÜæ§ü °ðàæ ·Ô¤ Ö‡ÇæÚU ç×Ü ÁæØð´»ðÐ çÁâð Åþ·¤ ßæÜð ©ÌæÚU ·¤ÚU Öæ» ÁæÌð ã´ñÐ ÂýàææâÙ ·¤æ ©Ù ÂÚU ·¤ô§ü çÙØ´˜æ‡æ Ùãè´ ãñÐ ÂØæüßÚU‡æ ·¤ô âÕ ç×Ü·¤ÚU Ìãâ Ùãâ ·¤ÚU ÚUãð ã´ñÐ ¥æÁ ·Ô¤ ÕÎÜÌð ÂçÚUßðàæ ×ð´ »æ¡ÏèßæÎè âô¿ ¥õÚU Ì·¤ÙæÜæÁè ×𴠥样ñ¤âð ÌæÜ×ðÜ ÕñÆæØð´»è? - Áô Ì·¤Ùè·¤ çÕÙæ ×õçÜ·¤Ìæ ·¤ô ÙC ç·¤Øð ×æÙß ÁèßÙ ·Ô¤ çß·¤æâ ·Ô¤ çÜ° âæÏ·¤ ãô, ©â·¤è ×ñ´ çßÚUôÏè Ùãè´Ð ¥æ·Ԥ ¥æŸæ× ·Ô¤ S·¤êÜ âð Âɸð ãé° Õ‘¿ð ·¤ãæ´ Ì·¤ Âãé´¿ð ãñ´ ¥õÚU §Ù Õ‘¿ô´ ·¤è Ùõ·¤ÚUè ·Ô¤ çÜ° UØæ ¥æÂÙð Öè ·¤ô§ü ÂýØæâ ç·¤Øæ ãñ? ã×æÚUð Øãæ´ âð çÙ·¤Üð Õ‘¿ô´ ×ð´ ¥æÁ ·¤§ü §´ÁèçÙØÚU ãñ´Ð §Ù »ÚUèÕ Õ‘¿ô´ ·Ô¤ çÜ° ¥æŸæ× ·¤è ÌÚUȤ âð Áô Öè ÂýØæâ ãô â·¤Ìæ ãñ, ã× ·¤ÚUÌð ãñ´Ð ÂãÜð Ìô Øãæ´ ·¤è Èñ¤ç UÅþØô´ ×ð´ ×ðÚUð Â˜æ ·Ô¤ ¥æÏæÚU ÂÚU ·¤éÀ Àæ˜æô´ ·¤ô Ùõ·¤ÚUè ç×Ü »§üÐ ÂÚU ÕãéÌ ’ØæÎæ Àæ˜æô´ ·¤ô Ùõ·¤ÚUè Ùãè´ ç×Ü Âæ§üÐ ãÚU Á»ã ƒæêâ ×æ´»è ÁæÌè ãñÐ °ðâð ×𴠧⠥æçÎßæâè ¥´¿Ü ·Ô¤ »ÚUèÕ Õ‘¿ð Ùõ·¤ÚUè ·Ô¤ çÜ° ƒæêâ ·¤æ §´ÌÁæ× ·ñ¤âð ·¤ÚUð´?