42nd Annual Undergraduate Symposium Program by EMU Graphic Design

MARCH 25th, 2022

Welcome to Eastern Michigan University’s 42nd Annual Undergraduate Symposium We are thrilled to be back on Eastern’s campus in – person! This year’s event follows the traditions established through the Symposium’s long, storied history. As in years past, this day of scholarly and creative presentations by our undergraduate students is the culmination of a year – long collaboration between the students and their faculty mentors. All of the presentations, posters, performances and exhibits on display today illustrate the same high level of collaborative accomplishment that we have come to expect from the Symposium. As you explore the extraordinary breadth and depth of student scholarly and creative activity, you will discover the special synergy of teaching, research, and hands – on learning that have powered the Symposium since its inception. Indeed, today’s event is forty-two years in the making. Eastern’s Symposium is one of the longest standing events of its kind in the country and provides a model for universities that have sought to develop similar programs. In 1980, then professor of chemistry and later provost of the University, Dr. Ronald Collins, conceived the idea of an annual conference opportunity for undergraduate research presentation. This innovative approach to encouraging undergraduate research was supported by then president, John W. Porter and provost, Dr. Anthony Evans. Each subsequent president and provost has continued to support the Undergraduate Symposium and acted to enhance its stature. The first event began with a handful of students and faculty mentors from the College of Arts and Science and, over the years, has evolved into one of Eastern’s signature annual events. The Undergraduate Symposium embodies a philosophy of learning that defines the unique educational experience that EMU students receive.

DEAN’S WELCOME

Although the College of Arts and Sciences is the host of the Symposium, student research presentations can span all five EMU Colleges and every undergraduate discipline. Planning this year’s Symposium in the context of lingering uncertainties produced by the pandemic has presented challenges on multiple fronts. Many faculty and staff have worked hard to make our return to in – person presentations a success. I gratefully acknowledge the efforts of the volunteer Symposium Planning Committee and its chair, Dr. Harriet Lindsay, event coordinator Amy Bearinger, Symposium graduate assistant Samantha Carter, submission site support Tracey Sontag, and the staff of the College of Arts and Sciences Office of the Dean. Additionally, I want to thank Associate Vice President of Advancement, Jill Hunsberger and Undergraduate Symposium Advancement Committee co – Chair, Donald Loppnow for their continued fund – raising efforts on behalf of the Symposium. The faculty sponsors of the student presenters are the expert core of the Symposium. They deserve special recognition for their voluntary efforts and for their stalwart dedication to student mentorship during an unprecedented health crisis. I also want to recognize the families of the students, and the many sponsors and guests who provided essential support for this event and who are committed to the success of our students in their academic pursuits. A special thank you to donors who have supported the work of our Symposium Undergraduate Research Fellows for this academic year. Most especially, my congratulations to you, our students, who are presenting on the occasion of the Symposium’s 42nd anniversary! Dana Heller, Dean College of Arts and Sciences

SCHEDULE OF EVENTS Friday, March 25th, 2022 EMU Student Center 8:35 a.m. – 8:45 a.m. Event Keynote Welcome Keynote Speaker, Bethany Ball Oral Presentations Second Floor: Auditorium Third Floor: Rooms 300, 320, & 352 Session A Session B Session C Session D

9:00 a.m. – 10:15 a.m. 10:30 a.m. – 11:45 a.m. 12:00 p.m. – 1:15 p.m. 1:30 p.m. – 2:45 p.m.

Poster Sessions Second Floor Ballroom Group 1 9:00 a.m. – 10:30 a.m. Group 2 11:00 a.m. – 12:30 p.m. Group 3 1:00 p.m. – 2:30 p.m. Crossing Lines Design Expo Third Floor Room 310 A/B Gallery Exhibit 9:00 a.m. – 3:00 p.m.

Keynote Speaker

Bethany Ball Novelist Undergraduate Symposium Alum Lunch Provided – Students & faculty mentors First Floor Student Center 11:45 a.m. – 1:45 p.m.

TABLE OF CONTENTS 6 Oral Presentations 19 Abstracts 19 78 80 84 90

College of Arts & Sciences College of Business College of Education College of Health & Human Services GameAbove College of Technology & Engineering

101 Event Hosts CAS Dean’s Office CAS Department Heads

102 Symposium Planning Committee Faculty Representatives College of Arts & Sciences College of Education GameAbove College of Technology & Engineering College of Business Design Expo Committee Event Representatives

105 Thank You 108 Symposium Undergraduate Research Fellows 111 Sponsors 114 Keynote Speaker 117 Index

Session A

Auditorium

Moderator: John Dorsey Musical Influences: Exploring Valerie Coleman’s Sonatine for Bb Clarinet & Piano Eric Marion Sandra Jackson, faculty mentor Music & Dance 9:30 a.m. “Un poco Allegretto” from Sonata for Violoncello and Piano by Henriëtte Bosmans Grace Frielink Deborah Pae, faculty mentor Music & Dance 9:45 a.m. A Survey of LGBTQ+ Characteristics in U.S. Choral Classrooms Sydney Timmer Heather Shouldice, faculty mentor Music & Dance 10:00 a.m.

Room 300

Moderator: Carla Damiano Studying Rukeyser as a Young Woman in 2022: An Argument for the Contemporary Reader’s Response Karley Misek Elisabeth Däumer, faculty mentor English Language & Literature 9:00 a.m. Femme Friendship and Sexual Autonomy in the Victorian Era Taylor White Margaret Dobbins, faculty mentor English Language & Literature 9:15 a.m. Reforming Representations: An Analysis of the Image of the Romani in the Visual Arts Allison Shearer Brendan Fay, faculty mentor Art & Design 9:30 a.m.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

Life Experiences of East German Citizens in Pre – & Post – Reunification Germany: Gabriele Eckart’s Novel Vogtlandstimmen Ahmad Zalt Carla Damiano, faculty mentor World Languages 9:45 a.m. The Fairytales of Franz Xaver von Schönwerth & Why They Matter Valentyna Standik Carla Damiano, faculty mentor World Languages 10:00 a.m.

Room 320

Moderator: Catherine Gammon Risk of Stroke for Individuals with Atrial Fibrillation Dunia Issa Shel Levine, faculty mentor Health Promotion & Human Performance 9:00 a.m.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

PTSD and Disordered Eating: Exploration of Potential Mediators Mackenzy Geiger Karen Saules, faculty mentor Psychology 9:15 a.m. The Relationship Between Introversion/Extroversion & COVID – 19 Health Precautions Kalie Luckett Natalie Dove, faculty mentor Psychology 9:30 a.m. Relationships Between Childhood Bullying Victimization & Parental Mental Health Jeffrey Lock Jamie Lawler & Angela Staples, faculty mentors Psychology 9:45 a.m. The Effects of Time Capsule Writing on Identity & Mental Health Julia A. De La Harpe Christopher Robbins, faculty mentor Teacher Education 10:00 a.m.

Room 352

Moderator: Ann Eisenberg The Humanitarian Crisis of the Israeli Occupation and Settler Colonialism in the West Bank and Gaza Sarah Raby Grigoris Argeros, faculty mentor Sociology, Anthropology & Criminology 9:00 a.m. How the Better Use of Resources Helped Win World War II for the Anglo – American Coalition Justin Szechy Jesse Kauffman, faculty mentor History & Philosophy 9:15 a.m.

Dictatorship in the Making?: The Business Plot of 1933 Cole Heien John Wegner, faculty mentor History & Philosophy 9:45 a.m. Impact of China’s FDI on West Africa’s Poverty Odia Kaba Mehmet E. Yaya, faculty mentor Economics 10:00 a.m.

Fall of the Republic: A Study of the Roman Senate Prior to 49 BCE Riley Coffee John Wegner, faculty mentor History & Philosophy 9:30 a.m.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

Session B Auditorium

Moderator: John Dorsey Music Performance Anxiety in Secondary Students Jacquelyn Podnar Heather Shouldice, faculty mentor Music & Dance 10:30 a.m. Thought Patterns & Self – Perceptions of Music Therapy Students: A Phenomenological Study Kathleen Cicero & Megan Denti Theresa Merrill, faculty mentor Music & Dance 10:45 a.m. Frederic Chopin’s Mazurkas,Op. 17 Darren Patterson Joel Schoenhals, faculty mentor Music & Dance 11:00 a.m. Break For Remainder of Session to Clear Piano

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

Room 300

Moderator: Khairul Islam Probing the Role of the Ventral Hippocampus to Nucleus Accumbens Pathway in Individual Learning Jacklyn Staffeld Karen Saules & Jon Morrow (University of Michigan), faculty mentors Psychology 10:30 a.m.

Differences in the Relative Abundance of ProBDNF & Mature BDNF in Human Lung Cancer Cells Ravel Ray Hedeel Evans, Deborah Heyl – Clegg,& Jeffrey Guthrie, faculty mentors Chemistry 11:15 a.m.

On the Association of Certain Risk Factors with Coronary Heart Disease: An Empirical Approach Anjali Shrimankar Tanweer Shapla, faculty mentor Mathematics and Statistics 10:45 a.m.

The Effect of Autophagy Related Protein 10 & its Mutants on Autophagic Activity Nadia Silvia Dr. Steven Backues, faculty mentor Chemistry 11:30 a.m.

Regulation of the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) in Lung Cancer Cells Hind Al Khashali Hedeel Evans, Deborah Heyl – Clegg,& Jeffrey Guthrie, faculty mentors Chemistry 11:00 a.m.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

Room 320

Moderator: Chris Gellasch Using GIS to Assess the Environmental Justice Issue: Visualizing the Impact of a Proposed Concrete Plant in Fenton, MI Art Schupbach Xining Yang, faculty mentor Geography & Geology 10:30 a.m.

Source Tracking of Chloride and Iron at the Headwaters of Millers Creek, Ann Arbor, MI Morgan Bergren & Karlee Foster Chris Gellasch, faculty mentor Geography & Geology 11:30 a.m.

A History of the Development and Decline of Novi Corners Town Center Elizabeth Pall Richard Nation, faculty mentor History & Philosophy 10:45 a.m.

Room 352

Environmental Injustice: Spatial analysis of Air Pollution on Detroit’s East Side Shaniqwa Martin Danny Bonenberger, faculty mentor Geography & Geology 11:00 a.m. History of Lake Ponemah Avery Sheibels Richard Nation, faculty mentor History & Philosophy 11:15 a.m.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

Moderator: Ann Eisenberg Genocide in Rwanda: France Under Fire,May – June, 1994 Samuel Stone & Elaina Teusch Joseph Engwenyu, faculty mentor History & Philosophy 10:30 a.m. A Comparative Analysis of Black Political Ideologies & Their Interaction with Black America Eliyah Stevenson Caralee Jones – Obeng, faculty mentor Africology & African American Studies 10:45 a.m.

Racial Equity Practices: A Study of K – 12 Teachers’ Pedagogical Beliefs & Practices Tristan Burk Zuzana Tomaš, faculty mentor World Languages 11:00 a.m. Black Entrepreneurial Women: From Hustler to Business Owner Camryn Smith María Luz García, faculty mentor Sociology, Anthropology & Criminology 11:15 a.m. Race & Policy: How Lawmakers Are Making It Difficult to Teach About Race in Schools Tierra Tresvant Barbara Patrick, faculty mentor Political Science 11:30 a.m.

Session C Auditorium

Moderator: TBD Balancing Free Speech & Inclusion on College Campuses Eva Long Jeffrey Bernstein, faculty mentor Political Science 12:00 p.m. United Nations Peacekeeping: The Complex Cost of Conflict Resolution Cole T. Nelson Ebrahim Soltani, faculty mentor Political Science 12:15 p.m. Freedom from Fear Edgar Vasquez Ebrahim Soltani, faculty mentor Political Science 12:30 p.m.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

An Analysis on the Utilization of Insider Trading by Hedge Funds Elijah Smith Jane P. Stephenson and Laura Kovick, faculty mentors Management 12:45 p.m. How Modern Technology Challenges the Law’s Power to Protect Our Rights Maiya J. Felan Sadaf Ali, faculty mentor Communication, Media & Theatre Arts 1:00 p.m.

Room 300

Moderator: TBD Adverse Childhood Experiences in Relation to Parricide Committed by Juvenile Offenders Coreena Forstner Jennifer Hatten – Flisher, faculty mentor Sociology, Anthropology & Criminology 12:00 p.m. Agency, Identity, and Food Choice: You Are What You Eat? Zachary Tobias Jill Dieterle, faculty mentor History & Philosophy 12:15 p.m.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

Beside Myself: A Disorienting Journey of Self – Discovery Spencer Peck Elisabeth Däumer, faculty mentor English Language & Literature 12:30 p.m. The Impact of ACEs: A Closer Look at Substance Use & Antisocial Behavior Coreena Forstner Jeff Schulz, faculty mentor Health Promotion & Human Performance 12:45 p.m. Like a Refugee? My Experience With High – Functioning Autism Micaha Zerod Elisabeth Däumer, faculty mentor English Language & Literature 1:00 p.m.

Room 320

Moderator: TBD “Wicked” Women or Witches?

Witch Accusations and Detentions in Northern Ghana Patricia Mulroy Joseph Engwenyu, faculty mentor History & Philosophy 12:00 p.m. Sexual Violence Against Women During the Democratic Republic of the Congo Wars, 1996 – 2003 Krista Burke Professor Joseph Engwenyu, faculty mentor History & Philosophy 12:15 p.m.

Women in National Liberation: The Guerrilla Girls of Zimbabwe Luke J. Levangie Joseph Engwenyu, faculty mentor History & Philosophy 12:45 p.m. The Experiences of American Children in the Second World War Emre Babbitt Jesse Kauffman, faculty mentor History & Philosophy 1:00 p.m.

Gendering HIV/AIDS Universal Access Treatment: The Case of Rwanda & Botswana Nathan Hand Joseph Engwenyu, faculty mentor History & Philosophy 12:30 p.m.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

Room 352

Moderator: TBD Bioarchaeological Analysis of Human Bones under a Downtown Detroit Sidewalk Courtney Muzzin Megan Moore, faculty mentor Sociology, Anthropology & Criminology 12:00 p.m. The Use of Prosthetic Devices to Identify the Dead Tyler Edmonds Megan Moore, faculty mentor Sociology, Anthropology & Criminology 12:15 p.m. Bioarchaeology of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Cassandra Anderson Megan Moore, faculty mentor Sociology, Anthropology & Criminology 12:30 p.m. Bioacoustic Analyses of the Newly Described Atlantic Coast Leopard Frog (Rana kauffeldi) Carrie Kosiba Katherine Greenwald, faculty mentor Biology 12:45 p.m.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

Developmental Influences on Physiology & Behavior in Tarantulas (Lasiodora parahybana) Bradley Allendorfer Cara Shillington, faculty mentor Biology 1:00 p.m.

Session D

Auditorium

Moderator: Brandon Johnson An In – Depth Analysis of the First Movement of Hyo – Won Woo’s Gloria: “Gloria in excelsis Deo” Thomas Larner Brandon Johnson, faculty mentor Music & Dance 1:30 p.m. Break To Clear Stage

Where Art Creates Community: An Overview of EMU AMA’s Redirected Branding Strategy Olivia Robinson Susan Booth, faculty mentor Communication, Media & Theatre Arts 2:00 p.m. Sinister Programming: A Discourse Analysis of Fox News’ Rightward Blitz Auryon Azar Nick Romerhausen, faculty mentor Communication, Media & Theatre Arts 2:15 p.m.

Room 300

Moderator: TBD The Secrets of Creating a Lifestyle Blog Selena Fack Megan Endres, faculty mentor Management 1:30 p.m. Factors in the Form of Requests & Directives in the Gaming Community Nico Slowik Eric Acton, faculty mentor English Language & Literature 1:45 p.m. The Keysmash as a Modern Linguistic Tool Olivia Ziemelis Daniel Seely, faculty mentor English Language & Literature 2:00 p.m.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

Thermal Imaging Camera & LiDAR Calibration for Autonomous Driving Systems Suleyman Abdirahman, Xhesi Bashllari, Timothy Bonk, Herman Chendjou Fokou Qin Hu, faculty mentor Engineering 2:15 p.m.

Room 320

Moderator: TBD Documentation Panel in the Early Childhood Classroom Olivia Williams Martha Baiyee, faculty mentor Teacher Education 1:30 p.m. Investigating Special Education Teachers’ Perceptions of Education Post – Pandemic Olivia Chandler John Palladino, faculty mentor Special Education & Communication Sciences and Disorders 1:45 p.m.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

The Progression of LGBTQ+ Acceptance in K – 12 Schools in the United States: A Critical Literature Review Justice Mangual Nick Romerhausen, faculty mentor Communication, Media & Theatre Arts 2:00 p.m. A World of Opportunity with the German Language Bradley Allendorfer Carla Damiano, faculty mentor World Languages 2:15 p.m. Room 352 No Presentations for Session D

Africology & African American Studies A Comparative Analysis of Black Political Ideologies & Their Interaction with Black America Eliyah Stevenson Caralee Jones-Obeng, faculty mentor African Americans have always had diverse socio-political beliefs. On one end of the spectrum Black Nationalism represents radicalism, while Black Republicanism represents conservatism. These perspectives are a rich part of Black history. Since the Lincoln Administration, African descendants supported ideas of Black Republicanism and have cultivated the principles of Black Nationalism. This project analyzes the history of Black Nationalism and Black Republicanism, how they are viewed by greater America, their socio-political empowerment, and how these ideologies helped shape the character in Black America. This analysis exhibits how Black America has benefitted from both political ideologies. Oral Session B / 10:45 a.m. / Room 352

Art & Design Shakespeare’s Tragedies: An Exploratory Design Series Erin Crnkovich Andrew Maniotes, faculty mentor The purpose of this project was to design a series of three covers for books written by the same author. For my series, I chose three of Shakespeare’s most famous tragedies: Macbeth, Othello, and Hamlet. The figures shown on each cover are actually taken straight from my original rough sketches– I really liked the spontaneous, messy feel of them and thought it would be a fun style to base my system around. The distorted type and the “smoky” shape of the dark background behind the text helps to carry the organic, freeform style throughout the system. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session B / 10:15 a.m.-12:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

ARTS & SCIENCES

Undergraduate Symposium Event Design Identity Raushanah Davenport-Brown and Sophia Emmi Olivia Reames, non-presenting author Ryan Molloy, faculty mentor For the 42nd Undergraduate Symposium, we, the designers, created an identity surrounding the student. Specifically, we wanted to explore the student’s ﬂuidity over time. As students ourselves, we experience time as both restricting and liberating; it controls every aspect of our lives, but students find ways to keep changing. During the pandemic, time has become more abstracted, yet we continue to evolve as people. Whether a big or small transformation, a student’s evolution deserves to be recognized. This event gives us just that. Our variety of identity logos recognize students from all colleges to demonstrate this inclusive, yet individual, journey and the real growth that comes with it. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session A / 8:45 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Room 310AB

Medici Portraiture & Dynasty Natalie Delph Pamela Stewart, faculty mentor This exhibit explores portraits of the Medici family during the Italian Renaissance, as they rose from wealthy bankers to hereditary rulers in the city of Florence. Placing the portraits in semi-linear progression, it examines the changes in the ways the family portrayed themselves as they gained wealth and power over the span of their rule. The timeline begins with a portrait of Cosimo il Vecchio (1389-1464) and ends with a portrait of Duchess Eleonora di Toledo (1522-1562), covering nearly a century of Medici lineage. Each portrait is accompanied by an explanation of how the social climate and status of the subject affects their depiction, as well as how the portraits worked as propaganda. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

Dueling Wavelengths Sydney Gutowski John DeHoog, faculty mentor I have always been interested in furniture designs where the material is completely transformed from a ﬂat plane to an organic shape. With the table I designed and built in Fall 2021, I wanted to explore the contrast between curved forms and geometric forms. When deciding on the table’s final arrangement, I found that it could have multiple useful orientations just by ﬂipping the curved forms from one face to another. In the overall composition, I was interested in the shadows and negative spaces created by the overlapping curves. The box form, resting on top, shows off the beauty of the wood, and creates the functionality for the piece. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session C / 11:45 a.m.-1:30 p.m. / Room 310AB

Storytelling: The Creation of Animation Erin Main Megan Simon, faculty mentor It is common for amateur animators to feel overwhelmed by the process of animation, especially by the cost of software used by many big studios. These applications seem necessary to produce work equivalent to bigger productions, but cause financial strain. While paid applications are useful, they are not the only option for animators. Many open-source programs have the same abilities as paid software but are overlooked for mainstream products. I seek to prove that animators can create quality work using low-cost and open-source applications. By making animation this way, I can prove that animators are not constrained by the products they use, but their willingness to create. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session D / 1:15 p.m.-3:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

ARTS & SCIENCES

Uncle Bill’s Woodshop Morgan Reno John DeHoog, faculty mentor This coffee table repurposes wood from my great uncle’s house in the Upper Peninsula. My uncle is a huge inspiration to me and gave me a collection of old and meaningful wood. He is a talented craftsman who created most of his house–from cabinets to tables and especially his wooden turned bowls. Some of the wood in Uncle Bill’s Woodshop is the wood he used to craft his house in the 1970s. It felt very personal to create a piece of art from the same tree that he built his kitchen cabinets out of. The table itself demonstrates a wide range of joinery and an unconventional composition. Uncle Bill’s Woodshop is rooted in family connections and built with processes learned in Furniture Design. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session D / 1:15 p.m.-3:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

Exploration of the Unknown Andrew Schafer Ryan English, Aunmar Mohammed, faculty mentors This project is the creation of a game, playable on PC, that will allow others to play through the experience I create. The game is called “Exploration of the Unknown” and is puzzle-based in which the player is faced with various objectives and puzzles to solve within the bounds of the game. This game is created using a combination of softwares, game design engines, and other tools. The game is assembled using several aspects of programming, blueprinting, shaders, materials, textures, physical geometry, visual effects, UI aspects, and sound effects as well as background music. I want this game accessible for all audience members, so publishing the game on a game showcase site is essential. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session B / 10:15 a.m.-12:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

ARTS & SCIENCES

Reforming Representations: An Analysis of the Image of the Romani in the Visual Arts Allison Shearer Brendan Fay, faculty mentor “Reforming Representations” analyzes the image of the Romani in the visual arts. Utilizing Romani artist Ceija Stojka’s Untitled seaside painting (1995) and her gripping piece ViennaAuschwitz (1995) as case studies, this paper addresses the need for representations of the Romani in art that resist past depictions. Through comparisons of early modern and contemporary images, the study of the socio-political challenges to the Romani, and the recollection of the horrors associated with the Romani genocide, this research seeks to connect the historical and social roles that art has played in creating an image of the Romani with how contemporary artists can combat these damaging stereotypes. Oral Session A / 9:30 a.m. / Room 300

Family Tree Adrian Shwaiko John DeHoog, faculty mentor For months, each time I sat at my desk, I would stare at a live-edge slab of walnut from a tree that my uncle had felled on his property in Kansas. Later, my father drove it all the way to Ann Arbor so I could have it. So there I would sit, staring, worried about how I had done nothing with it. In Fall 2021, I was assigned a project in a furniture design class to design and build a small table; that is when I knew the slab would finally have its day. My goal was to display some newly-acquired joinery skills while keeping the primary focus on the walnut slab. Since it was irregularly shaped and warped, I set it below a clear pane of glass, making it both visible and functional as a shelf. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session A / 8:45 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Room 310AB

ARTS & SCIENCES

Mirror Flower, Water Moon: An Exploration in World Mythology, Culture, Creative Writing, & SAG Aisha Syed Ryan English, faculty mentor My senior creative project consists of multiple parts that explore world mythology, culture, creative writing, simulation, animation, and gaming. The objective of this project is to advance my creative and intellectual skills by allowing me to test my independently learned skills in writing and storytelling along with what I have learned institutionally in the field of animation. There are five phases of this project: research, writing, concept art, storyboarding, and animation. While I think it is an excellent opportunity for me to demonstrate the knowledge I’ve gained in the SAG program, my main hope is to demonstrate how closely both forms of storytelling are intertwined. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session C / 11:45 a.m.-1:30 p.m. / Room 310AB

ARTS & SCIENCES

Biology Developmental Influences on Physiology & Behavior in Tarantulas (Lasiodora parahybana) Bradley Allendorfer Cara Shillington, faculty mentor Animal behavior is a ﬂexible trait that can change over an individual’s lifetime. Behaviors also correlate with physiological traits. For example, growth rates (GR) and metabolic rates (MR) increase with activity (speed, distance). This study examined developmental changes associated with tarantula physiology and behavior by comparing MRs and GRs to locomotory activity in three different age groups. MRs increased with size and age and GRs were lowest for the oldest age group. In addition, the youngest age group had the highest activity rates and the fastest size-adjusted speeds in a novel arena. However, correlations between physiological traits and behavior did not show clear trends. Oral Session C / 1:00 p.m. / Room 352

Can Dietary Supplements Impact Exoskeleton Color? Carotenoids & Color Change in Tarantulas Rose Andrews Cara Shillington, faculty mentor Color variation is well-known in animals and can be linked to diets high in accessory pigments. Specifically, carotenoids induce color changes in animals, including spiders. We investigated the role of diet in the color of tarantula cuticular hairs. We hypothesized tarantulas would incorporate pigments from nutrients and show color differences based on differential diets. Groups received prey fed a high carotenoid diet or a colorless starch diet. Images of molts were uploaded into ImageJ where we measured and compared color intensity and levels of red, green, and blue for the two diet groups. These data provide insight into the role of diet in development and display of color in tarantulas. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

White-Nose Syndrome in Hibernating Little Brown Bats: Using Acoustic Monitoring to Examine Arousals Miah Blain Allen Kurta, faculty mentor Bat populations are declining due to a fungal disease called white-nose syndrome, which causes bats to arouse from hibernation too frequently and rapidly depletes their stored fat. However, bats have not suffered high mortality at Tippy Dam, in northern Michigan. I hypothesized that these bats are saving energy by arousing concurrently and used their vocalizations as an index to the rate and timing of arousal. My analysis of 19,993 acoustic recordings from 2019–2020 showed that bats maintained a circadian rhythm and aroused mostly at night, with 92% of recordings occurring from 1800 to 0600 hours, but exact timing and frequency of arousal differed among early, middle, and late hibernation. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

A Restoration Plan for Eastern Michigan University’s Campus Sarah Drumm Emily Grman and Elisabeth Daumer, faculty mentors Maintaining natural areas within university campuses helps to conserve some of the natural ecosystem lost to new construction. Knowing EMU has plans to build a new dorm, we offer a plan for conserving and restoring a relatively undisturbed natural area northeast of the Student Center, adjacent to the prospective dorm. The restoration plan aims to increase the diversity of native plants by increasing the number of species present, encourage pollinating plants and insects by bringing in fruit trees and ﬂowering plants, and create an aesthetically appealing nature area and ‘outdoor classroom’ for the campus community. The importance of conservation will be conveyed by informative signs. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

Soil Microbes may Affect the Growth of Big Bluestem but not Six Other Native Prairie Plants Sarah Drumm Emily Grman, faculty mentor Ecological restoration helps to rebuild ecosystems changed or removed by humans. Though it is believed that soil microbes are important for plant growth, still little is known about the impacts of soil microbes. We hypothesized that soil microbes would contribute to the success of plant growth. We grew plants in a greenhouse with soil microbes from an outdoor planting. We found that for one native grass, when plants outdoors grew larger their microbes allowed greenhouse plants with the same soil to also grow larger. As hypothesized, this positive correlation suggests that microbes in the soil are contributing to the success of plant growth and could inﬂuence the outcome of restoration. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Methane Fluxes from the Peninsular Dam Impoundment in Ypsilanti, MI Jacob Fagerstrom Kristi Judd, faculty mentor Methane emissions from aquatic environments are an important component of the global carbon cycle. Recent studies have found large dams are a significant source of methane, a very potent greenhouse gas. However, there are few studies on smaller impoundments. Here, we evaluated methane emissions from low head dams on the Huron River by collecting dissolved methane and using static ﬂoating chambers to measure total methane emissions. We found that impoundments behind dams emit up to 75 times more CH4 compared to undammed reaches of the river, with highest emissions in vegetated zones. Our findings suggest that low head dams may be significant sources of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

Detection & Quantitation of Solubilized Cyanobacterial eDNA after Cyanophage Infection Amber Haley Michael Angell, faculty mentor Infection of cyanobacteria, Microcystis aeruginosa, a prime contributor to harmful algal blooms, by cyanophages results in cell lysis, releasing host DNA into surrounding waters as environmental DNA (eDNA). During a bloom event, many strains of Microcystis can co-exist, yet within a bloom some strains may experience cyanophage predation. We developed an experimental infection model of M. aeruginosa to examine eDNA production and detection via qPCR using host genes. Analyzing relative ratios of soluble genomic eDNA to cell associated genomic DNA for specific algal strains may tell us which strains are under active lysis to help predict an algal strain’s growth leading to bloom formation. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Examining the Impact of Co-culturing on Antibiotic Production by Soil Microbes Benjamin Huff Anne Casper and Paul Price, faculty mentors Modern healthcare, worldwide, is threatened by the diminishing supply of effective antibiotics. Increased occurrences of antibiotic resistance call for additional efforts to uncover new antibiotic discovery methods. Many microbes produce antimicrobial compounds to defend themselves against various competing organisms. Our research aims to stimulate the production of antibiotic compounds through the screening of co-cultured soil microbes. To test this, we measured antibiotic production of twenty co-cultured strains screened against various pathogens. Our results suggest that the presence of other microbes in the culture stimulates increased antibiotic production for a variety of antibiotic-producing microbes. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

Characterizing the Temperature Response of Arabidopsis thaliana HYDROXYPYRUVATE REDUCTASE 1 Mara Jaworski Aaron Liepman, faculty mentor Photorespiration is a metabolic pathway used to recycle phosphoglycolate resulting from the oxygenase activity of RuBisCO during photosynthesis. For reasons that aren’t yet clear, photorespiration releases more CO2 than expected at higher temperatures. This could be due to decreased enzyme efficiency at higher temperatures. Hydroxypyruvate reductase (HPR), is a key photorespiratory enzyme and this study aims to express, purify, and characterize the HPR1 protein from Arabidopsis thaliana. Purified recombinant AtHPR1 will be assayed at various temperatures to analyze its thermal response. These data may improve our understanding of the effects of temperature upon photorespiration. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Bioacoustic Analyses of the Newly Described Atlantic Coast Leopard Frog (Rana kauffeldi) Carrie Kosiba Katherine Greenwald, faculty mentor A new leopard frog species, Rana kauffeldi, was recently discovered in the New York City metro region. To learn more about its natural history, we conducted bioacoustic analyses of vocalizations, documenting daily chorus level and call phenology. We hypothesized that populations of R. kauffeldi would be larger in rural areas than in urban areas, and that artificial light and temperature would impact the timing of the onset of chorusing. There were significantly larger choruses at rural sites, and trends toward calling beginning later in the day at urban sites and earlier in the year at southern sites. These results provide insight into the distribution and breeding phenology of R. kauffeldi. Oral Session C / 12:45 p.m. / Room 352

ARTS & SCIENCES

Does Size Matter? The Effect of Size on Movement in Tarantula Peter Landor Cara Shillington, faculty mentor Body size plays a fundamental role in how organisms interact with their environment. Larger size often means greater survivability due to having fewer predators and more diversified prey. Larger size may also decrease an individual’s perception of predation, as larger organisms tend to be more adventurous than their smaller conspecifics. I examined the impact of size on locomotory activity in juvenile tarantulas. Same-aged siblings were divided into three feeding groups resulting in different growth rates and sizes. We compared activity among size groups. Preliminary results indicate larger individuals move both further and faster than smaller sized siblings in a novel arena. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Monitoring Populations of Unisexual Salamanders in Indiana & Michigan Carlos Mellado-Fritz Katherine Greenwald, faculty mentor Unisexual Ambystoma salamanders represent a unique 5,000,000-year-old all-female lineage. They steal DNA from males of sexual species to trigger egg development, but the male genome is not always incorporated into the offspring. I genotyped samples from Indiana and Michigan to identify unisexual genome combinations using PCR to amplify microsatellites. I will compare this recent data to older population sampling to understand how the composition of these populations has changed over time. Due to global climate change, we predict that populations have shifted towards having more unisexuals, since they may be better adapted to warmer climates than the northern-distributed A. laterale. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

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Decomposition of Organic Matter Above & Below Dams Olivia Muntz Kristin Judd, faculty mentor Dams produce hydroelectric power and control flooding, but they also have negative ecological consequences such as habitat fragmentation and altered water quality. The goal of this study was to measure how dams affect organic matter decomposition, an important stream ecosystem function. Decomposition in impoundments behind dams and in free-flowing sections of the Huron River was measured using the cotton strip assay. We measured temperature and oxygen levels to determine if there was a relationship with decomposition rates, no relationship was discovered in this study. We found decomposition rates to be significantly greater in the impoundments than in free-flowing portions of the river. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

DNA-based Viral Transfection of Microcystis aeruginosa via Electroporation Konner Pepper Michael G. Angell, faculty mentor Ford Lake contains bloom-forming cyanobacteria, Microcystis aeruginosa which, in their natural environment, are subject to viral (phage) predation. In previous studies, it has been shown that M. aeruginosa can become phage-resistant after surviving an infection. In a laboratory model system, M. aeruginosa was subjected to electroporation of purified viral genomic DNA to initiate a DNA-based viral infection. The effectiveness of the electroporation process was assessed by qPCR detection of intracellular transfected DNA and via viral plaque assays. This DNA-based viral infection model will allow for the examination of mechanisms of viral resistance and host range in future studies. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

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Optimizing Antibiotic Production in Soil Bacteria via Polysaccharide Variation Lilly Vael Paul Price, faculty mentor Infections by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms are recognized as a global health threat of increasing severity by the World Health Organization. Despite this, the discovery of novel antibiotics capable of treating such infections has stagnated due to scientific and economic hurdles. In their native environments, many soil microorganisms can produce antimicrobial compounds. However, replicating this production under laboratory conditions has proven challenging. In my research, I have utilized principles of microbial ecology to prompt antibiotic production. By varying the source of available polysaccharides, I have observed distinct differences in antimicrobial production. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Pace of Life Syndrome: Behavior in a Novel Arena in Five Tarantula Species Mary Watson Cara Shillington, faculty mentor The Pace of Life Syndrome (PoLS) hypothesizes that animals with a faster pace of life in one area will exhibit a fast pace in other areas. For example, high latency to move and slower/lower activity levels in new environments are linked with longer lifespans among different species. Tarantulas are good models for addressing the PoLS because of a range of lifespans from fast- to slow-paced among the many species. We predicted that tarantulas with longer lifespans would be less active than species with shorter life spans. We will compare differences in locomotory behavior in a novel arena among same-aged juveniles of five species with either short (5-8 years) or long lifespans (15-20+ years). Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

Impacts of Co-culturing Bacteria upon Antibiotic Production Zora Westwalewicz Anne Casper and Paul Price, faculty mentors The discovery and development of new antibiotics to treat antibiotic-resistant “superbugs” has become increasingly urgent in recent years. We hypothesized that when grown together, either with or without physical contact, antibiotic-producing bacteria from the EMU Tiny Earth lab would increase their antibiotic production compared to their monocultures due to interspecific competition. We tested several co-cultures of antibiotic-producing bacteria and observed a slight increase in antibiotic production when certain combinations of bacteria were grown together on plates. This result wasn’t observed in liquid cultures, emphasizing the importance of culture conditions on antibiotic production. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Chemistry Regulation of the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) in Lung Cancer Cells Hind Al Khashali Hedeel Evans, Deborah Heyl-Clegg, and Jeffrey Guthrie, faculty mentors Amyloid beta (Aβ) and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) are implicated in both Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cancer. In comparing two human lung cancer cells, we found lower levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and intact amyloid-β40/42 (Aβ), and higher levels of mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) in the media of H1299 cells as compared to A549 cell media. Treatment with AChE decreased sAPPα levels and simultaneously increased the levels of intact Aβ40/42 suggesting a role of the protein in shifting APP processing away from the non-amyloidogenic pathway and toward the amyloidogenic pathway, whereas treatment with mBDNF led to opposite effects on those levels. Oral Session B / 11:00 a.m. / Room 300

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Attachment of a Platinum Agent to an Anticancer Peptide Danyah Alomari Deborah Heyl-Clegg, Hedeel Evans, and Jeffrey Guthrie, faculty mentors D-CDT, a linear membrane-disrupting analog of the antimicrobial peptide tachyplesin shown to be active against cancer, was synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis, then attached to a platinum compound similar to the anticancer agent, cisplatin. Platinum agents work by binding to DNA, and D-CDT is a positively charged peptide that targets cancer cells, which tend to express a negative surface charge. This conjugation may improve selectivity for cancer over normal cells in addition to working through two mechanisms. The product was then tested against A549 lung cancer cells and compared to the peptide and the synthesized cisplatin for anticancer activity. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Targeting H3 Peptide Binding Interactions of UHRF1/UHRF2 with Small Molecule Inhibitors Tatum Bluhm Brittany Albaugh, faculty mentor UHRF1 and UHRF2 are epigenetic regulators with unique associations to cancer progression. Both proteins have two important domains, TTD and PHD, that bind to the H3 histone protein. Due to their roles in cancer, there is interest in identifying drug inhibitors that target UHRF1 and UHRF2. In this study, we tested various small molecules for their ability to inhibit the binding of these proteins to H3 histone peptides by ﬂuorescence polarization competition assays. By doing so, we have identified several interesting molecules. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

Determining Function of Autophagy Proteins: Testing the Effect of Atg10 Mutants on Autophagy Sophie Campbell Dr. Steven Backues, faculty mentor Autophagy is a necessary recycling process that occurs in cells, but the function of the proteins that carry this out aren’t completely understood. The protein Atg10 has a distinct role in forming autophagosomes, large double membrane vesicles necessary for this process. Previous studies have shown that Atg10 forms a covalent bond between the proteins Atg12 and Atg5. Despite continuing advancements the final effect on the autophagosome membrane is still unclear. We are using yeast containing mutant versions of Atg10 to determine how these change the autophagic process compared to the wild type. This can be measured using western blotting and a colorimetric assay of autophagic activity. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Synthesis Towards Nitrogen-Containing Diradicals Tony Faraj Dr. Gabriel Rudebusch, faculty mentor The project focuses on synthesizing a polycyclic nitrogen containing diradical compounds. Diradicals have free electrons and are usually not stable when exposed to sunlight, oxygen and water. Diradicals have interesting and potentially useful properties as organic semiconductors. We hope to stabilize the compound with bulky substituents. To synthesize the compound, we will use some methods such as the traditional heating and the microwave reactor. Our synthesis relies on amines to act as our catalyst in order to make the reaction proceed faster and in higher yield. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

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Detection of DNA Damage Induced by Benzo(a)pyrene Using Capillary Electrophoresis Haleigh Griewahn and Eliyah Stevenson Dr. Jeffrey Guthrie, faculty mentor Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a carcinogen and persistent organic pollutant in the environment. It is produced from the burning of organic material—like automobile exhaust—and it can cause genetic defects, cancer, and harm to aquatic life. This research is focused on the detection of DNA damage caused by BaP in human lung cancer and cervical cancer cells. To induce damage, the cells were dosed with varying amounts of BaP. A primary and ﬂuorescent secondary antibody were used to specifically recognize and bind to the damaged sites. The DNA damage was then detected using capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced ﬂuorescence. The results of this work will be presented. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Decadal Trends in Ozone at EMU Campus Daniel Jahanian Dr. Gavin Edwards, faculty mentor Ozone in the lower atmosphere is a toxic gas regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency. Analysis of ozone concentration can be used as an indicator of local air quality. Measurements of this gas have been made at the Eastern Michigan University campus sporadically since 2009 and continually since 2011. Summer 2021 marked the tenth anniversary of data accumulation, and with this valuable data, we can now compare ozone concentrations over time. This work describes the trends in local air quality over the last ten years and our assessment of changes in the climatology of ozone using previous data and recent measurements of this important atmospheric trace gas. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

Measuring Autophagic Activity of Atg10 by Measuring Activity of Atg10 by Looking atAutophagic Atg12-5 Conjugation Looking Atg12-5 Conjugation Hannah at Kim and Konrad Lautenschlager Hannah and Konrad StevenKim Backues, faculty Lautenschlager mentor Steven Backues, faculty mentor UHRF1 and UHRF2 proteins are multi-domain epigenetic proteins. These two proteins UHRF1 proteins are multi-domain epigenetic proteins. Theseintwo share and manyUHRF2 similarities in sequence and structure. Previous research ourproteins lab has share many similarities in sequence and structure. Previous research in our lab has shown that these proteins bind to H3K9me3 tail peptides. The purpose of our study shown that theseUHRF1 proteins bind to H3K9me3 tail peptides. Thenucleosomes, purpose of our study is to measure and UHRF2 protein interactions with which are ismore to measure UHRF1 and UHRF2 protein interactions with nucleosomes, which are biologically relevant binding partners. These experiments will be conducted by more biologicallymobility-shift relevant binding partners. These experiments conducted electrophoretic or nucleosomes pull-down assays. will Thebe procedures willby be electrophoretic mobility-shift or nucleosomes pull-down assays. The procedures will be optimized using H3K9me3 and unmodified nucleosomes, with the goal of using the optimized using H3K9me3 andpartners unmodififor edUHRF1 nucleosomes, with the goal of using the assay to identify novel binding and UHRF2. assay to identify novel binding partners for UHRF1 and UHRF2. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Measurement of UHRF1 and UHRF2 Interaction Measurement of UHRF1 and UHRF2 Interaction With Nucleosomes With Nucleosomes Matthew Kostoff Matthew Kostoff Brittany Albaugh, faculty mentor Brittany faculty mentor UHRF1Albaugh, and UHRF2 proteins are multi-domain epigenetic proteins. These two proteins UHRF1 proteins are multi-domain epigenetic proteins. Theseintwo share and manyUHRF2 similarities in sequence and structure. Previous research ourproteins lab has share many similarities in sequence and structure. Previous research in our lab has shown that these proteins bind to H3K9me3 tail peptides. The purpose of our study shown that theseUHRF1 proteins bind to H3K9me3 tail peptides. Thenucleosomes, purpose of our study is to measure and UHRF2 protein interactions with which are ismore to measure UHRF1 and UHRF2 protein interactions with nucleosomes, which are biologically relevant binding partners. These experiments will be conducted by more biologicallymobility-shift relevant binding partners. These experiments conducted electrophoretic or nucleosomes pull-down assays. will Thebe procedures willby be electrophoretic mobility-shift or nucleosomes pull-down assays. The procedures will be optimized using H3K9me3 and unmodified nucleosomes, with the goal of using the optimized using H3K9me3 andpartners unmodififor edUHRF1 nucleosomes, with the goal of using the assay to identify novel binding and UHRF2. assay to identify novel binding partners for UHRF1 and UHRF2. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

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Computational Investigation of a Rhodium-Catalyzed Amidation Reaction Luke Mangas Maria Milletti, faculty mentor Two recent studies investigated the amidation of arenes using a novel amidating agent. Amidation reactions are useful in the synthesis of a wide variety of pharmaceutical compounds. This reaction tolerates many structural modifications but is limited by its high temperature requirements. Few mechanistic experiments have been conducted and the structures of the intermediates are unknown. The goal of our research is to use electronic structure methods to model the reaction mechanism, including identifying intermediate structures and calculating the energy requirement of each step. The results will lead to a better understanding of reaction energetics and suggest ways to improve reaction conditions. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

The Stretch Region Within the TTD Domain of UHRF2 is Likely a Disordered Region Carlos Mellado-Fritz Brittany Albaugh, faculty mentor UHRF1 and UHRF2 are proteins that contain multiple domains (TTD and PHD) and have important gene regulating roles. The TTD domain of UHRF2 contains a stretch region of ~35 amino acids that are mostly basic. By calculating the melting temperatures, it was found that when the stretch region is removed from the protein the overall stability increases when compared to the WT. At higher salt concentrations, it was found that the stretch region becomes stabilized because of the positive charges of the residues interacting with the salt ions. This stretch region in UHRF2 is likely a disordered region and contributes to overall stability of protein, offering a potential target for cancer treatment. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

H3K9me3 Binding Analysis of the Isolated PHD & TTD Domains of UHRF2 Isaak Miller, Panida Khuansanguan Brittany Albaugh, faculty mentor UHRF1 and UHRF2 are proteins similar in amino acid sequence and structure. These proteins play an important role in regulating gene expression via binding histones and methylated DNA. Both proteins contain TTD and PHD domains, which bind histone H3 methylated at amino acid lysine 9 (H3K9me3). We used ﬂuorescence polarization to quantify the binding affinities of the isolated TTD and PHD domains of each protein to ﬂuorescent H3K9me3 tail peptides. We discovered that the TTD domain is the main contributor to histone binding in UHRF2. In contrast, the PHD domain is the main contributor to binding in UHRF1. Thus, we show that UHRF1 and UHRF2 have distinct mechanisms of histone binding. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

The Method Development & Validation of Plasma Chemical Oxidation Imani Peterkin Ruth Ann Armitage, faculty mentor The intent of this study is to confirm the validity of a low-temperature, minimally destructive technique to prepare carbon-based artifacts for radiocarbon dating. Typically, combustion is used to prepare such samples for dating by accelerator mass spectrometry. Combustion completely consumes the sample, leaving nothing for further analysis. In order to preserve some of the sample being dated, we are testing a technique called plasma oxidation in the Archaeological Chemistry lab at EMU. By comparing dates obtained from textiles and rock paintings by the combustion process to those we measure from plasma oxidation, we can determine whether our approach is a reliable alternative. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

Differences in the Relative Abundance of ProBDNF & Mature BDNF in Human Lung Cancer Cells Ravel Ray Hedeel Evans, Deborah Heyl-Clegg, and Jeffrey Guthrie, faculty mentors Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family, has been shown to promote tumorigenesis. The purpose of this study is to explore the relative abundance of pro-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) and mature BDNF (mBDNF) in A549 (p53 wild-type) and H1299 (p53-null) lung cancer cell media. Higher levels of proBDNF were detected in the media of A549 cells than in H1299 cell media. We found that the levels of proBDNF and mBDNF in the media are likely regulated by MMP2/9. Blocking p53 function in A549 cells resulted in increased mBDNF and decreased proBDNF. The ratio of proBDNF/mBDNF increased in the media of both cell lines upon knockdown of MMP9. Oral Session B / 11:15 a.m. / Room 300

Isatin Derivatives as Potential Antibiotics Andrew Richardson and Melanie Duvall Harriet Lindsay, faculty Mentor Antibiotic-based treatments are threatened by the rapid onset of antibiotic resistance. Previous work focused on synthesis and evaluation of new acyl hydrazones derived from isatins as a means to produce new, potent antibiotics. We seek to improve the antibiotic potential of isatins via N-alkylation. We first derivatize isatin and several isatin derivatives with a two carbon linker. Then, we modify the terminus of the linker with nitrogen heterocycles to generate a library of about 30 compounds. We will use Direct Analysis in Real Time mass spectrometry to evaluate the success of that modification. These compounds will then be evaluated for potential antibiotic activity against several bacteria. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

Synthesis of a Key Building Block for a Metal-like Carbon-based Compound Chimi Dolker Sherpa Gabriel Rudebusch, faculty mentor Organic radicals have free or unpaired electrons. They have unique properties while also being highly reactive to air and water. Biradical organic compounds have two unpaired electrons. Our goal is to synthesize a key building block, cinnamoyl anthracene, which will be used to make our final compound, dicyclopentaanthracene (DCA). By synthesizing this compound, we will learn more about its interesting properties. We used air-free organic synthesis to synthesize cinnamoyl anthracene and NMR spectroscopy to confirm the identity. Future work is required to make our final DCA compound. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

The Effect of Autophagy Related Protein 10 & its Mutants on Autophagic Activity Nadia Silvia Steven Backues, faculty mentor Autophagy is the cellular degradation process in which cellular contents are encapsulated by double-membrane vesicles, autophagosomes, and delivered to the vacuole to be degraded and recycled. This process is important for cell health and homeostasis. There are approximately 32 different autophagy-related proteins involved. Atg10 is an enzyme that may affect overall autophagic activity by changing autophagosome size and/or number. Our goal is to find mutants that cause a partial loss in Atg10’s activity by mutating some residues near the active site and testing the functionality of these mutants by performing western blots and enzymatic assays. Oral Session B / 11:30 a.m. / Room 300

Chromatographic Separation of Silicon Phthalocyanine Compounds Joana Xhangolli Vance Kennedy, faculty mentor This research investigates the use of various types of chromatographic materials to separate silicon phthalocyanine compounds. This work includes the use of silica gel and activated alumina. These phthalocyanine compounds are of interest due to their optical properties. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

Communication, Media & Theatre Arts Sinister Programming: A Discourse Analysis of Fox News’ Rightward Blitz Auryon Azar Nick Romerhausen, faculty mentor In the aftermath of the Trump Presidency, right-wing media has undergone a concerning shift further to the right. In this project, I take a look at three popular Fox News Channel programs (Tucker Carlson Tonight, Hannity, and The Five) on YouTube in an attempt to identify common rhetorical characteristics between them. Doing so reveals a complicated behind-the-scenes calculus by Fox Corporation and the people that host Fox’s shows, ranging from the the visual symbols displayed on the screen to inﬂammatory rhetoric and the utilization of fantasy themes designed to keep viewers tuned into their programs: and put our public discourse in peril. Oral Session D / 2:15 p.m. / Auditorium

Documenting Notable Figures from Eastern Michigan University’s Past Ronia-Isabel Cabansag Sadaf Ali, faculty mentor Eastern Michigan University renamed its Communication, Media, and Theater Arts building in 2020 after finding the theater’s namesake frequently performed in blackface. This audio documentary, completed through an Academic Service-Learning Partnership between WEMU and Dr. Sadaf Ali’s CTAT 334: Radio/TV News Writing course, highlights the untold histories of other campus buildings and the people whose names they bear. Mark Jefferson, namesake of EMU’s Science Complex, and Judy Sturgis Hill, new namesake of the CMTA building, are among the featured figures. This project relies on the university’s archives, as well as interviews with archivists, historians, EMU faculty, and other researchers. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

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How Modern Technology Challenges the Law’s Power to Protect Our Rights Maiya J. Felan Sadaf Ali, faculty mentor Does a U.S. citizen have legal rights to use their own name, image, & likeness (NIL)? Within the context of advanced digital media tech, do those laws effectively protect NIL rights? Through examination of the Right of Publicity, it was determined the U.S. does recognize NIL rights; however, ownership & control over one’s NIL is not adequately protected by the law. Cases of revenge pornography & deepfaked porngraphy prove the current path to legal repercussions for NIL theft is ineffective to prevent & resolve the harm people, especially women, experience when it comes to publicity rights. Because the U.S. lacks legal repercussions, publicity crimes continue to be crippling for many. Oral Session C / 1:00 p.m. / Auditorium

The Progression of LGBTQ+ Acceptance in K-12 Schools in the United States: A Critical Literature Review Justice Mangual Nick Romerhausen, faculty mentor Previous research addressing phobia toward K-12 students in the LGBTQ+ community considers mental, emotional, physical, and spiritual effects. Students in the community have experienced progress in the past 20 years regarding equality, support, and empowerment from institutions, interpersonal relationships, and within themselves. I gathered several academic articles and textbooks which highlight the progress students have experienced regarding prejudice and backlash in K-12 schools in the United States. These sources specifically consider the wellbeing of youth who identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer. My research shows where we were 20 years ago, where we are now today, and offers suggestions to implement in schools to better support LGBTQ+ students. Oral Session D / 2:00 p.m. / Room 320

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Where Art Creates Community: An Overview of EMU AMA’s Redirected Branding Strategy Olivia Robinson Susan Booth, faculty mentor Over the COVID-19 Pandemic, The EMU Arts Management & Administration Department realized that despite our remoteness, art continues to foster community. With this fact in mind, EMU AMA set goals for the 2021-22 academic year, including creating brand awareness, unlocking career opportunities for students, and recruiting individuals with artistic and managerial passions. Collaborating with the School of Communication, Media, & Theater Arts, Division of Communications, & AMA alumni, EMU AMA is now one step closer toward locating & executing our branding & marketing potential. This presentation intends to introduce our new branding concept & highlight the arts’ true impact at EMU & beyond. Oral Session D / 2:00 p.m. / Auditorium

Computer Science The Traveling Salesman Problem & Simulated Annealing Kenneth Cook S. Maniccam, faculty mentor The traveling salesman problem is a well-known problem in computer science and mathematics. The problem is to find a minimal length tour that visits each node of a network where each edge between nodes has a length. It is a difficult problem and there are no known polynomial time algorithms to solve it. The problem is often solved using algorithms that only give approximate answers. One such algorithm is simulated annealing. It is a randomized local search algorithm. In this work, we apply the simulated annealing algorithm to the traveling salesman problem. We write computer programs, perform various experiments on networks, compare modifications of the algorithm, and report the results. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

Economics Impact of China’s FDI on West Africa’s Poverty Odia Kaba Mehmet E. Yaya, faculty mentor China is experiencing rapid economic growth through trade and investment in other developing countries, including countries in Africa. What are the implications of trade and investment for Africa, specifically in West Africa as defined by the United Nations? This paper will examine how China’s Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) has impacted poverty in West Africa. It will do this by analyzing data on West African countries’ Human Development Index (HDI) and GDP per capita. The relationship will be evaluated using econometric analysis. The discussion of the findings will include implications for other Sub-Saharan African countries and whether FDIs are effective in reducing poverty in this region. Oral Session A / 10:00 a.m. / Room 352

English Language & Literature Race, Religion, & Hip-Hop: A Sociolinguistic Case Study of the Rapper Lecrae Jeremiah Drabik and Chloe Spencer Verónica Grondona, faculty mentor This project presents the results of a study examining the language of the rapper Lecrae from a sociolinguistic perspective. A selection of musical studio recordings, live musical performances, and interviews were analyzed, to observe the presence of linguistic variables characteristic of different varieties of English (particularly those of African American English) and measure their presence in different social settings. Our analysis finds a more consistent level of African American English features among musical performances, but a lower level in Lecrae’s conversational speech. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

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Studying Rukeyser as a Young Woman in 2022: An Argument for the Contemporary Reader’s Response Karley Misek Elisabeth Däumer, faculty Studying Rukeyser asmentor a Young Woman in 2022: An Argument

Muriel Rukeyser’ s poetry is inReader’s direct conversation with the reader. In academic studies, for the Contemporary Response Karley Misek poetry is often reduced to form and technique, yet Rukeyser’s is based on identity. In this Elisabeth Däumer, mentor paper I argue that faculty Rukeyser’ s identity is essential in studying her work in current times, Muriel poetry is in direct conversation thewomen reader.and In academic that herRukeyser’ themes sand perspective speak directly towith other uniquely studies, explore poetry is often reduced to formpoet. and technique, yet Rukeyser’ is based on identity. In thiss femininity as an intersectional When confronted withsthe difficulty of Rukeyser’ paper argue Rukeyser’ s identity is essential in current times, poetryIwe mustthat remember this is also the difficultyinofstudying identity;her notwork only what it means to thathuman, her themes directly other women uniquely be but toand be perspective a woman, aspeak poet. We musttoread and study and her poetry notexplore just in femininity poet. confronted with the difficulty of Rukeyser’s the contextasofan ourintersectional academics, but alsoWhen our own identities. poetry we must remember this is also the difficulty of identity; not only what it means to Oral Session A / 9:00 a.m. / Room 300

be human, but to be a woman, a poet. We must read and study her poetry not just in the context of our academics, but also our own identities.

Beside Myself: A Disorienting Journey of Self-Discovery Oral Session A / 9:00 a.m. / Room 300 Spencer Peck Elisabeth Däumer, faculty mentor

What is the subjective How do we Journey define ourselves? Sasha Marianna Salzmann’s 2019 Beside Myself: A self? Disorienting of Self-Discovery Spencer PeckMyself follows the story of Ali as they travel to Istanbul in search of their twin novel Beside mentor Elisabeth Däumer, brother Anton. Thisfaculty is a story both of self-discovery, as Ali attempts to construct a stable What is the self? How we define ourselves? Sasha Marianna s 2019 narrative ofsubjective themselves, and of do migration, antisemitism, and confl ict in Salzmann’ Eastern Europe. novel Beside Myselfthe follows theability storyof oflanguage Ali as theyand travel to Istanbul in search their twin Salzmann explores limited narrative to express theof ambiguous brother Anton. Thisand is a external story both of self-discovery, as Ali attempts to construct a stable nature of internal perceptions. Throughout this experimental novel, the narrative migration, antisemitism, andnarrative conflict flinuctuates Easternbetween Europe. nature of of selfthemselves, and identityand areofconstantly questioned as the Salzmann explores the limitedrealist abilityand of language narrative to express the ambiguous third-person and first-person, non-linearand narration. nature of internal and external perceptions. Throughout this experimental novel, the Oral Session C / 12:30 p.m. / Room 300

nature of self and identity are constantly questioned as the narrative ﬂuctuates between third-person and first-person, realist and non-linear narration. Oral Session C / 12:30 p.m. / Room 300

ARTS & SCIENCES

Factors in the Form of Requests & Directives in the Gaming Community Nico Slowik Eric Acton, faculty mentor Brown & Levinson’s (1987) politeness theory claims that the politeness of peoples’ requests/directives depends on how involved the request/directive is, how socially close the interlocutors are, and the power relations between them. I investigate politeness in players’ requests/directives in online multiplayer gaming via the gaming group OfﬂineTV. Refining Brown & Levinson’s theory, I identify three additional crucial factors in the degree of politeness of players’ requests/directives: the (non-)cooperativity of the game, the urgency of the request/directive, and the importance of the request being carried out. For instance, urgent and important requests correlate with hyper-politeness. Oral Session D / 1:45 p.m. / Room 300

Femme Friendship & Sexual Autonomy in the Victorian Era Taylor White Margaret Dobbins, faculty mentor The Victorian woman was supposed to be feminine, well bred, and educated in the rules of polite society. Her purpose was to be the feminine stalwart for her husband and a good mother to her children. Female friendship was one way that normative feminine identity was instilled and maintained. Yet these intimate relationships (platonic and otherwise) also gave women a protected space to explore their identity. I will explore community, gratification, autonomy, and sexuality in Wilkie Collins’ The Woman in White, Christina Rossetti’s “Goblin Market,” and Sarah Water’s Tipping the Velvet, which show how female friendship developed into an expression of freedom and social and sexual independence. Oral Session A / 9:15 a.m. / Room 300

ARTS & SCIENCES

Like a Refugee? My Experience With High-Functioning Autism Micaha Zerod Elisabeth Däumer, faculty mentor Like a Refugee? My Experience With High-Functioning Autism In “The Ungrateful Refugee: What Immigrants Never Tell You,” Dina Nayeri recounts her Micaha Zerod personal experiences as a refugee. Born in Iran, Dina and her family left in order to avoid Elisabeth Däumer, faculty mentor religious persecution. This paper asserts that some aspects of Nayeri’s life as a refugee are In “The Ungrateful Refugee: What Immigrants Never Tell You,” Dina Nayeri recounts her similar to my life with high-functioning autism. Nayeri and I both experienced rootlessness, personal experiences as a refugee. Born in Iran, Dina and her family left in order to avoid feel different from everybody else, and have to act differently around other groups of religious persecution. This paper asserts that some aspects of Nayeri’s life as a refugee are people in order to fit in. While Nayeri’s and my life experiences also differ in crucial ways, similar to my life with high-functioning autism. Nayeri and I both experienced rootlessness, we have more in common than most people may realize. feel different from everybody else, and have to act differently around other groups of Oral Session C / 1:00 Room Nayeri’ 300 s and my life experiences also differ in crucial ways, people in order to fip.m. t in./While

we have more in common than most people may realize. Oral Session C / 1:00 p.m. / Room 300

The Keysmash as a Modern Linguistic Tool Olivia Ziemelis Daniel Seely, faculty mentor The Keysmash as a Modern Linguistic Tool Consider the following online exchange: Person 1 posts a blurred selfie with the caption “I Olivia Ziemelis dropped my phone as it took the picture!”, and Person 2 responds with “HJFSGJSDH”. Daniel Seely, faculty mentor Person 2 has utilized a keysmash, a linguistic tool that is becoming more common in online Consider the following online exchange: Person 1 posts a blurred selfie with the caption “I discourse. Though a seemingly random string of keyboard symbols, keysmashes carry dropped my phone as it took the picture!”, and Person 2 responds with “HJFSGJSDH”. meaning just as a word would. This presentation provides a detailed characterization of Person 2 has utilized a keysmash, a linguistic tool that is becoming more common in online keysmashes and outlines the patterns of construction. Keysmashes are in fact systematic discourse. Though a seemingly random string of keyboard symbols, keysmashes carry in their construction and uses, despite appearances. After an examination and analysis meaning just as a word would. This presentation provides a detailed characterization of of both the form and function of keysmashes, this presentation will also consider the keysmashes and outlines the patterns of construction. Keysmashes are in fact systematic implications of this phenomenon in the broader framework of linguistic theory, contributing in their construction and uses, despite appearances. After an examination and analysis to the growing subfield of linguistics in social media. of both the form and function of keysmashes, this presentation will also consider the Oral Session Dof/ this 2:00phenomenon p.m. / Room 300 implications in the broader framework of linguistic theory, contributing

to the growing subfield of linguistics in social media.

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Environmental Science & Society Using Environmental Niche Modeling to Determine Success of Eastern Massasauga Habitat Restoration Aidan Fries Katherine Greewald, faculty mentor The Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus) is a federally threatened species with specific habitat requirements that include relatively open canopy cover (40-60%) and access to wetlands. I worked with the North Oakland Headwaters Land Conservancy to improve Massasauga habitat along the Shiawassee River. I used an Environmental Niche Model incorporating data from the literature and my fieldwork to determine the success of the habitat restoration efforts. The model analyzed variables like canopy cover and foraging habitat before and after restoration. We predict that the restoration work increased both quantity and quality of available habitat. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Geography & Geology Source Tracking of Chloride and Iron at the Headwaters of Millers Creek, Ann Arbor, MI Morgan Bergren and Karlee Foster Chris Gellasch, faculty mentor Millers Creek is a highly urbanized tributary which drains into the Huron River in Ann Arbor. Previous investigations revealed inorganic contaminants throughout the year are above the EPA standard. The creek converges from two streams at the headwaters where contamination levels are most elevated. One stream fed by a storm sewer outfall has elevated chloride levels while the other stream fed by a retention basin has elevated iron levels. The goal of this study is to determine the main source of these contaminants by collecting and testing biweekly samples of surface water to compare temporal and spatial trends, testing neighboring sewers conductivity, and surveying the surrounding area. Oral Session B / 11:30 a.m. / Room 320

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Assessment of Temporal Clustering of Heat Wave Events Over the Contiguous United States Assessment of Temporal Clustering of Heat Wave Brandon Ferro Events Over the Contiguous United States Thomas Kovacs, faculty mentor Brandon Ferro Motivation for this study originated from the hypothesis that human and environmental Thomas Kovacs, faculty mentor impacts from heat waves are likely to be exacerbated in seasons with successive heat Motivation for this study originated from the hypothesis that human and environmental wave events. A statistical framework was applied to test if heat waves tend to preferentially impacts from heat waves are likely to be exacerbated in seasons with successive heat cluster in a limited number of years in contrast to random chance. Results suggest that heat wave events. A statistical framework was applied to test if heat waves tend to preferentially waves preferentially cluster in a subset of years with most locations exhibiting significant cluster in a limited number of years in contrast to random chance. Results suggest that heat temporal heat wave clustering. Results will facilitate future research into understanding the waves preferentially cluster in a subset of years with most locations exhibiting significant physical drivers of temporal heat wave clustering and the potential changes in heat wave temporal heat wave clustering. Results will facilitate future research into understanding the statistics under continued climate warming. physical drivers of temporal heat wave clustering and the potential changes in heat wave Poster Group 2 /continued 11:00 a.m.-12:30 / Second Floor Ballroom statistics under climatep.m. warming. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Environmental Injustice: Spatial analysis of Air Pollution on Detroit’s East Side Environmental Injustice: Spatial analysis of Air Shaniqwa Martin Pollution on Detroit’s East Side Danny Bonenberger, faculty mentor Shaniqwa Martin This study examines the legacy of environmental racism, redlining, and unfair New Deal Danny Bonenberger, faculty mentor federal housing programs and their relationship to health and socioeconomic impacts This study examines the legacy of environmental racism, redlining, and unfair New Deal in Detroit. This experiment focuses on a redlined community in east Detroit where local federal housing programs and their relationship to health and socioeconomic impacts Civil Right leader, Sarah Ray lived. In this study, data from the 2014 National Air Toxins in Detroit. This experiment focuses on a redlined community in east Detroit where local Assessment Map and the Facility Registry System are interpreted using GIS spatial Civil Right leader, Sarah Ray lived. In this study, data from the 2014 National Air Toxins analysis to investigate the relationship between air pollution and redlining in Detroit. Assessment Map and the Facility Registry System are interpreted using GIS spatial This study should demonstrate whether greater amounts of airborne pollutants originate analysis to investigate the relationship between air pollution and redlining in Detroit. from toxin-producing facilities near Detroit’s redlined neighborhoods. This study should demonstrate whether greater amounts of airborne pollutants originate Oral B / 11:00 a.m. / Room 320Detroit’s redlined neighborhoods. fromSession toxin-producing facilities near Oral Session B / 11:00 a.m. / Room 320

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Using GIS to Assess the Environmental Justice Issue: Visualizing the Impact of a Proposed Concrete Plant in Fenton, MI Art Schupbach Xining Yang, faculty mentor Reducing chemical and other environmental exposures is vital in building a healthy community. Citizens in one Michigan town are battling the city against a proposed concrete facility that is within a dangerous distance to many homes and businesses. The tax revenue is promising while there are concerns about the pollution from concrete recycling and production. Using geographic information systems (GIS) as a powerful tool for environmental assessment, an interactive map was created to visualize the impact based on proximity to the facility buffer zones. The map also demonstrates which bodies of water will be in danger, possibly infiltrating drinking water systems. This study provides a preliminary assessment of environmental justice and it helps residents to evaluate their voice on this controversial issue. Oral Session B / 10:30 a.m. / Room 320

History & Philosophy The Experiences of American Children in the Second World War Emre Babbitt Jesse Kauffman, faculty mentor The experiences of American children during the Second World War, though not as violent as those of their European peers, was traumatizing and intense. In the aftermath of Pearl Harbor, many thought the American mainland could be bombed, and many children saw adult behavior they had never seen before. This fear and uncertainty had parents as well as the American government worried that it would lead to “a generation of sadistic wolves or frightened rabbits.” The next few years would see the children of this nation bombarded with a propaganda campaign this country has rarely, if ever, seen. The success of that campaign was evident as that generation of children began to voice their opinions on the world stage. Oral Session C / 1:00 p.m. / Room 320

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Sexual Violence Against Women During the Democratic Republic of the Congo Wars, 1996-2003 Krista Burke Joseph Engwenyu, faculty mentor Sexual Women the wars Democratic Republic of BetweenViolence 1996-2003,Against the DCR was plaguedDuring by two major over control and exploitation the Congo Wars, 1996-2003 of its rich mineral wealth. It became a failed state and women and children paid the ultimate Krista Burke price. Sexual violence and rape typified the “civil” wars in the Eastern Congo. The DRC Joseph Engwenyu, faculty mentor came to be known as the “Rape Capital of the World’’! This paper documents the atrocities Between 1996-2003, the DCR was plagued by two major wars over control and exploitation meted out on the victims during the wars. Ultimately, it was the resilience of the Congolese of its rich mineral wealth. It became a failed state and women and children paid the ultimate women themselves that forced the government to take action and enforce laws against price. Sexual violence and rape typified the “civil” wars in the Eastern Congo. The DRC rape and sexual violence. The laws have yet to be effectively implemented enough to meet came to be known as the “Rape Capital of the World’’! This paper documents the atrocities international standards and accelerate healing the wounds. meted out on the victims during the wars. Ultimately, it was the resilience of the Congolese Oral Session C / 12:15that p.m.forced / Roomthe 320government to take action and enforce laws against women themselves

rape and sexual violence. The laws have yet to be effectively implemented enough to meet international standards and accelerate healing the wounds.

Fall of the Republic: A Study of the Roman Senate Prior to 49 BCE Oral Session C / 12:15 p.m. / Room 320 Riley Coffee John Wegner, faculty mentor Fall of Rome the Republic: A Study of the Romanand an empire. The old, republican Ancient existed in the form of both a republic Senate Prior to 49 BCE form of government was cast aside at the time of Julius Caesar. Caesar had concluded Riley Coffee a bloody civil war by 45 BCE, and in 27 BCE the republic was officially dissolved and John Wegner, faculty mentor Imperial Rome began. Yet, Caesar’s victory and his elevation to king-like status masked Ancient Rome existed in the form of both a republic and an empire. The old, republican underlying decay before the civil war began. There had been years of infighting. This form of government was cast aside at the time of Julius Caesar. Caesar had concluded presentation will attempt to gauge the republic’s downfall by examining actions of the a bloody civil war by 45 BCE, and in 27 BCE the republic was officially dissolved and Roman Senate and how it strayed from republican ideology. Imperial Rome began. Yet, Caesar’s victory and his elevation to king-like status masked Oral Session decay A / 9:30before a.m. / Room 352war began. There had been years of infighting. This underlying the civil

presentation will attempt to gauge the republic’s downfall by examining actions of the Roman Senate and how it strayed from republican ideology. Oral Session A / 9:30 a.m. / Room 352

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Gendering HIV/AIDS Universal Access Treatment: The Case of Rwanda & Botswana Nathan Hand Joseph Engwenyu, faculty mentor The battle to defeat the spread of HIV/AIDS in Africa has been a long one. Many major strides have been made, especially in Rwanda and Botswana, on surveillance and education, antiretroviral therapy, and mandatory testing. The term “Universal Access,” is often used to highlight the advancements of the two countries in making treatment of the disease available to everyone. But this is not the whole story. This paper compares and contrasts treatment availability between Rwanda and Botswana, the duo that claim “Universal Access.” There are wide gaps in treatment availability that are mostly tied to gender. Thus, the “Universal Access” is not really universal, unless and until, gendered. Oral Session C / 12:30 p.m. / Room 320

Dictatorship in the Making?: The Business Plot of 1933 Cole Heien John Wegner, faculty mentor In 1933, a group of businessmen, alarmed at the economic policies of Franklin Roosevelt, fomented a plot to install a fascist-style dictatorship in the U. S. This cabal approached Smedley Butler, a highly-placed marine corps officer, and asked his help in rallying veterans in support of what is known as the “Business Plot of 1933.” The plot imagined that the veterans’ organization would help overthrow the government and install a fascist-leaning administration. Butler, however, cooperated with the government in eventually foiling the plot. This presentation will examine the general ambit of the plot and particularly Butler’s involvement in it. Oral Session A / 9:45 a.m. / Room 352

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Women in National Liberation: The Guerrilla Girls of Zimbabwe Luke J. Levangie Joseph Engwenyu, faculty mentor This paper explores women’s contributions to Zimbabwe’s War of Liberation that exploded 1965-1979, following the Unilateral Declaration of Independence by a White racist minority leader, Ian Smith. Most women participated under the umbrella of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) political party and its military wing, the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA). I describe why women joined the liberation army, women’s combat and non-combatant roles, and their experiences in the war camps. While Zimbabwean women were discriminated against and betrayed by their male comrades during the liberation struggle, they were resilient. Oral Session C / 12:45 p.m. / Room 320

“Wicked” Women or Witches? Witch Accusations & Detentions in Northern Ghana Patricia Mulroy Joseph Engwenyu, faculty mentor There are currently six Witch Camps in Northern Ghana where women accused of witchcraft are being detained. An accusation of witchcraft means losing everything: torture and even possibly, death. For those on the edge of society, especially elderly women, the risk of such accusations increases. It is important to look at the underlying cultural reasons why so many women are imprisoned in the camps. This presentation takes an interdisciplinary approach in history and anthropology to examine: what it means to be accused of witchcraft, life in the camps, and other implications of these accusations on the women and Northern Ghanaian society. Oral Session C / 12:00 p.m. / Room 320

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A History of the Development and Decline of Novi Corners Town Center Elizabeth Pall Richard Nation, faculty mentor Situated along Grand River Road, Novi Corners served farmers in the region as a convenient location to sell their wares and buy their goods. The addition of the railroad after 1850 caused the town center to expand into its heyday. But Michigan car culture in the second half of the twentieth century spelled the end for Novi Corners. The completion of I-96 and the expansion of the Detroit suburbs overwhelmed this crossroads business district, with malls and parking lots. Today, Novi civic leaders lament the lack of a town center and have worked tirelessly without success to try to redevelop one. Oral Session B / 10:45 a.m. / Room 320

History of Lake Ponemah Avery Sheibels Richard Nation, faculty mentor A lesser known lake of Fenton Township, Lake Ponemah has a rich history, a history reflected in its changing shape and size over the years as humans altered the lake to fit their needs. This research project tells the story of Lake Ponemah using original survey maps, census data, newspaper archives, and more, following its transition from a wetland with little European American usage beyond pasture in dry spots through the extensive mining of marl, with marl processing on its shores, to the current residential communities with its sculpted shorelines and canals affording many lakefront living. Its history provides a unique example of how humans alter and adapt to their environment. Oral Session B / 11:15 a.m. / Room 320

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Genocide in Rwanda: France Under Fire, May-June, 1994 Samuel Stone and Elaina Teusch Joseph Engwenyu, faculty mentor The Rwandan Genocide lasted 100 Days, April 7-July 15, 1994. Over the period, approximately 800,000 Tutsis were slaughtered by ethnic Hutu extremists. Throughout the genocide France sided with the Hutu government, resented the Tutsi Rwanda Patriotic Front (RPF), and seemed insensitive to the Tutsi population under attack. Deploying a Reacting to the Past (RTTP) pedagogy, Samuel Stone, representing New Zealand’s UN Ambassador Colin Keating, delivers a fiery speech wondering if France did not in fact enable the genocide. Elaine Teusch, representing France’s UN Ambassador, Herve Ladsous, fires back in a rebuttal. Clearly, France is Under Fire at the UNSC in this RTTP Game! Oral Session B / 10:30 a.m. / Room 352

How the Better Use of Resources Helped Win World War II for the Anglo-American Coalition Justin Szechy Jesse Kauffman, faculty mentor There is a perception about World War II that the Germans had better leadership than their enemies, but only lost because of the wide material superiority of these enemies. There is some truth to this on the Eastern Front, but not against the British and Americans. The first big reason was the poor judgment that Hitler showed in his management of the war. Another factor was that the military officers serving under him had committed many blunders themselves. On the Anglo-American side, their leadership often avoided making the same mistakes as the Germans. This subject is important because of the need to understand the lessons of history, including the history of World War II. Oral Session A / 9:15 a.m. / Room 352

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Autonomy, Identity, & Food Choice: You Are What You Eat? Zachary Tobias Jill Dieterle, faculty mentor This essay takes a look at an interpretation of the phrase “you are what you eat” which conveys the idea that who we are is connected to the foods we chose to consume. If one is to define and create oneself, then she must also be able to act as an agent. However, with respect to food, agency is often thwarted when consumers attempt to make particular choices. First, we look at the connection between food and identity. Then, we analyze practices that commonly thwart consumers’ agency. Powerful social institutions and producers and sellers, and groups of individuals participate in these thwarting practices which make it difficult for consumers to act agentively when they purchase food. Oral Session C / 12:15 p.m. / Room 300

Mathematics & Statistics On the Association of Certain Risk Factors with Coronary Heart Disease: An Empirical Approach Anjali Shrimankar Tanweer Shapla, faculty mentor Coronary heart disease (CHD) has always been of great concern to health practitioners. Early diagnosis of risk factors may contribute to the reduction of the prevalence of CHD. In this study, we explore certain demographic and health characteristics of patients to study their relationship with the outcome of CHD empirically, via exploratory data analysis techniques. We employ basic graphical displays and descriptive statistics to establish any discrepancies of patients with the outcome of CHD due to the underlying factors such as gender, smoking, history of diabetes, hypertension, etc. Oral Session B / 10:45 a.m. / Room 300

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Equitable Teaching Practices in Calculus 1 Kyle Yapp Andrew Ross and Stephanie Casey, faculty mentors Math education researchers have identified a set of Equitable Teaching Practices for math, and the Michigan state government has written standards regarding equitable teaching into the new mathematics teacher preparation standards. Many professional mathematics societies (MAA, AMTE, ASA) have issued statements highlighting how Active Learning is a key component in retaining students and promoting stronger understanding in STEM fields. During Fall 2021, Dr. Ross attempted to implement these practices in his MATH 120 class. We used the in-class observation tools EQUIP and MCOPP, and the X-PIPS-M survey and Calculus 1 Concept Inventory, to analyze the effectiveness of the changes. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Music & Dance Thought Patterns and Self-Perceptions of Music Therapy Students: A Phenomenological Study Kathleen Cicero and Megan Denti Theresa Merrill, faculty mentor This presentation explores self-perceptions of music therapy students in pre-internship clinical training. Through a phenomenological inquiry using virtual interviews with a select number of our peers, we hope to identify major themes evident within the narratives of our peer student music therapists. We have based our study on Experiences and Concerns of Students During Music Therapy Practica (Wheeler, 2002). Our main questions are: what are student music therapists’ inner experiences both in training and during their sessions with clients? How do these inner experiences inﬂuence or intersect with self-perceptions? Oral Session B / 10:45 a.m. / Auditorium

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“Un poco Allegretto” from Sonata for Violoncello & Piano by Henriëtte Bosmans Grace Frielink Deborah Pae, faculty mentor Henriëtte Bosmans was a Dutch composer who was born in 1865 and died in 1952. The Sonata for Violoncello was composed in 1919 for her partner at the time, cellist Frieda Belinfante. While Bosman was alive, she made headway as a rebel of sorts. She was not only openly bisexual, but also half Jewish. During World War II, she openly defied the Nazi regime by refusing to register with the ‘Nederlandse Kultuurkamer,’ an organization developed by the Nazis that would allow musicians to perform and earn money. The second movement, “Un poco Allegretto”, explores a wandering sense of turmoil that may give listeners insight into the world of a woman who did not subscribe to societal rule. Oral Session A / 9:45 a.m. / Auditorium

An In-Depth Analysis of the First Movement of Hyo-Won Woo’s Gloria: “Gloria in excelsis Deo” Thomas Larner Brandon Johnson, faculty mentor This presentation will give an introduction to South Korean choral composer Hyo-Won Woo and will focus on the first movement of her three movement choral work, Gloria. An analysis of the score along with the text, the origin of the text and the way in which Ms. Woo set the text will be discussed. A demonstration of the melded gesture in conducting featuring singers will showcase the first movement from an aural setting and a performance aspect. Oral Session D / 1:30 p.m. / Auditorium

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Musical Influences: Exploring Valerie Coleman’s Sonatine for Bb Clarinet and Piano Eric Marion Sandra Jackson, faculty mentor Valerie Coleman is a prominent composer and the founder and former flutist of the Grammy-nominated Imani Winds Quintet. Her contributions to classical music as a composer and performer have earned her recognition as Performance Today’s 2020 Classical Woman of the Year. Coleman has been commissioned by numerous symphony orchestras and her works are performed by orchestras, bands and chamber ensembles throughout the world. Her compositional style is often influenced by jazz and Afro-Cuban styles and this presentation will explore these influences within her Sonatine for Bb Clarinet and Piano written in 2005. Oral Session A / 9:30 a.m. / Auditorium

Frederic Chopin’s Mazurkas, Op. 17 Darren Patterson Joel Schoenhals, faculty mentor The mazurka was a popular Polish folk dance in the 19th century that was stylized in art format and made more globally popular by pianist-composer Frederic Chopin (1810-1849). The mazurka usually has emphasis on either the second or third beat differentiating it from other triple meter dances such as the waltz or minuet. From the Four Mazurkas, Op. 17, composed in 1832, No. 1 has a majestic and heroic character with rhythmic emphasis on the first and third beats; No. 2 has a mysterious character with more ﬂexibility in the tempo; No. 3 has a ballroom dance character and with emphasis on the third beat; and No. 4 is completely different in its thoughtful and melancholy tone. Oral Session B / 11:00 a.m. / Auditorium

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Music Performance Anxiety in Secondary Students Jacquelyn Podnar Heather Shouldice, faculty mentor Music Performance Anxiety (MPA) is a condition in which music students experience a level of anxiety which has a serious impact on their performance. While these conditions can occur in any setting, MPA usually occurs during any solo context. Many researchers have found that not only does this condition exist, but that it is prevalent in the secondary school age population. Using the existing literature to describe this condition, I will provide my own analysis and suggestions on how to reduce the anxiety level of students. Oral Session B / 10:30 a.m. / Auditorium

A Survey of LGBTQ+ Characteristics in U.S. Choral Classrooms Sidney Timmer Heather Shouldice, faculty mentor Students in the LGBTQ+ community face unique challenges in the choral classroom. However, choral music educators may not be prepared to address LGBTQ+ topics and/or to implement LGBTQ+-inclusive practices in their classrooms, and no research exists examining the extent to which choir teachers are currently providing an inclusive environment. This study was designed to examine the LGBTQ+ inclusivity practices in secondary choral classrooms in the United States. Data was collected by sending out an online survey to current secondary choral music educators that included questions pertaining to concert attire, ensemble names, teacher language, and LGBTQ+ representation in the choral classroom. Oral Session A / 10:00 a.m. / Auditorium

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Physics & Astronomy A Cost-Effective Method for a More Precise Analysis of Atomic Spectra Brendon Kaniecki Dr. Jonathan Skuza, faculty mentor Spectrometry has become a wide reaching and valuable tool at the disposal of many experiments. A spectrometer takes light and separates it into its discrete spectral lines, which requires much precision. The importance of a precision spectrometer has grown immensely over the past century and therefore precision spectrometers and their accompanying software have become much more expensive. I have investigated a method of spectrometry that is widely available, cost effective, and maintains a fair level of precision using free, easily accessible software. This method will be presented as an alternative to the usual analysis of atomic spectra in the undergraduate modern physics laboratory. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Trackpy Implementation in Dusty Plasmas for Phase Transition Studies Mark Melcher Surabhi Jaiswal, faculty mentor There are 4 states of matter-solid, liquid, gas and plasma. A dusty plasma, consisting of electrons, ions, neutrals and charged micron sized particles, is a great test bed to study the phenomenon of phase transition in a small table top laboratory setup. Here we present the research on phase transitions in dusty plasmas. An open source python package Trackpy will be utilized to track the micron particle motion and understand the concept of melting transition of plasma crystals. Important parameters related to the phase transition such as inter particle spacing, particle density, and velocity distribution function will be explored and presented. Poster Group 2 / 11:00 a.m.-12:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

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Political Science The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health in the United States & Japan Areena Basmadjian Ebrahim Soltani, faculty mentor The overall mental well-being of populations has been a prominent topic since patterns of declining mental health began to emerge. The arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic has heightened concerns about mental health, as the need for social isolation and distancing has been a trigger for stress and anxiety. This study addresses these concerns by comparing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the United States and Japan. By exploring and contrasting the relationship between mental health and pandemic in these two countries, the study seeks solutions on how to keep mental health high in pandemic conditions. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Balancing Free Speech and Inclusion on College Campuses Eva Long Jeffrey Bernstein, faculty mentor We seek to understand the conditions under which students believe people should be allowed (or not allowed) to speak on a college campus. These conditions might include the context or content of the speech, characteristics of the speaker, or sponsorship by an on-campus group. We use a think-aloud methodology. Students are given reading material on controversial American figures and asked to “think aloud” as they read and develop their thoughts. This allows for in-depth analysis of both how students initially approach First Amendment rights, and of the conclusions they come to after pensive, out loud thinking. Oral Session C / 12:00 p.m. / Auditorium

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United Nations Peacekeeping: The Complex Cost of Conflict Resolution Cole T. Nelson Ebrahim Soltani, faculty mentor Since 1948, the United Nations has operated at least 70 peacekeeping operations in countries around the globe, with such operations having cost billions of dollars from all contributing states. Social scientists have analyzed the cost of such operations and failed to find any significant correlations between time and money invested into a conﬂict and likelihood of a democratic or peaceful conclusion. Based on an analysis of historical records, costs, and studies of the cultural strain such forces bring when deployed, I argue in this presentation that the expense and friction caused by peacekeeping forces in areas of conﬂict are greater than the assistance they provide. Oral Session C / 12:15 p.m. / Auditorium

Race & Policy: How Lawmakers Are Making It Difficult to Teach About Race in Schools Tierra Tresvant Barbara Patrick, faculty mentor Legislative attack on critical race theory was initiated in the fall of 2020. Although critical race theory has not been explicitly mentioned in most laws, the fundamental principles of the academic field have been attacked. Nine states have passed legislation affecting schools, and twenty other states have drafted or plan to draft laws dealing with the issue. This presentation will discuss the background and foundation of critical race theory and assess the content of state legislation, examining the ways it inhibits educators’ abilities to include race in the academic curriculum. Oral Session B / 11:30 a.m. / Room 352

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Freedom from Fear Edgar Vasquez Ebrahim Soltani, faculty mentor Many scholars argue that it is the responsibility of the state to protect its citizens from physical harm and systematic fear of harm. The level of fear in a society is a good metric for identifying how well governmental and institutional systems are protecting the wellbeing of citizens. In my presentation, I argue that states need to control the level of fear in society without systematically violating fundamental rights of its citizens. This principle of reducing systematic fear also applies to economic well-being: Each child should be ensured a fair start, and later in life they should have no fear of the government taking what they have rightfully earned. Oral Session C / 12:30 p.m. / Auditorium

Psychology Examining the Benefits of Nature Exposure & Leisure in Nature Alexander Aldridge Rusty McIntyre, faculty mentor Research has found that nature exposure evokes positive judgments because naturescapes appeal more to humans than urbanscapes. That work has not examined if leisure conditioning causes these benefits. That is, people learn to enjoy nature but also learn to not enjoy urban settings. This research will compare feelings and cognitions toward images of nature alone, nature with people interacting, urbanscapes alone, and urbanscapes with people interacting. It is predicted that nature with people interacting will produce more positive feelings and cognitions based upon conditioning. The results will be useful for understanding the effect of nature on feeling and thinking. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

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Factors Associated with Body Image Amongst Amputees who use Prosthetics Alana Dackiw Karen Saules, faculty mentor This study assessed whether amputees, specifically prosthesis users, experience poor body image. It was hypothesized that their body image may be poorer than their abled counterparts but mitigated by time since amputation, social support, greater prosthesis satisfaction, and active coping attempts. Using an online survey, these individuals were compared to abled college students. Overall, body image was comparable to that of abled subjects and improved with time since amputation. Results may give prosthetists insight into what factors impact body image among amputees. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

PTSD & Disordered Eating: Exploration of Potential Mediators Mackenzy Geiger Karen Saules, faculty mentor A relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and disordered eating has been reported in the literature. The present study aimed to identify possible mediators of this association. A total of 183 college students provided valid data on our online survey assessing PTSD, disordered eating, and potential mediators. Results support mediation of the relationship between PTSD and disordered eating by shame-based negative self-evaluation, shame-based withdrawal, and body shame. Results suggest that shame may be an important focus in PTSD treatment to mitigate the likelihood of future disordered eating. Oral Session A / 9:15 a.m. / Room 320

ARTS & SCIENCES

The Impact of Father Involvement & Socioeconomic The Impact of Father Involvement Status on Child Behavior Problems& Socioeconomic Status Child Behavior Problems Delaneyon Hansen Delaney HeatherHansen Janisse, faculty mentor Heather Janisse, facultythat mentor Research has indicated child behavior is highly inﬂuenced by both the quantity Research has indicated that child highly inﬂuenced byimportant both the role quantity and quality of father involvement.behavior Despite is the awareness of the fathers and of father involvement. thethe awareness of the importantFurthermore, role fathers play,quality many parenting studies fail toDespite focus on father-child relationship. play, parenting fail to focus on theto father-child relationship. Furthermore, lowermany income familiesstudies are especially important examine, due to the increased risk of lower income families are especially important to examine, due to the increased risk of lower father involvement. Identifying sources of resilience in low-income communities lower fatherTherefore, involvement. of is resilience in low-income communities is needed. the Identifying purpose ofsources this study to examine the relationship between isfather needed. Therefore, the purpose ofstatus this study is to examine relationship involvement, socioeconomic and child behavior the outcomes. The between data father involvement, status and child behavior outcomes. The data were derived from asocioeconomic sample of 52 parent-child dyads recruited from an urban Head were derived from a sample of 52 parent-child dyads recruited from an urban Head Start program. Start program. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

COVID-19 & its Impact on Perceptions of Healthcare COVID-19 & its Impact on Perceptions of Healthcare & Health-Related Behaviors & Health-Related Behaviors Quinn Higgins Quinn Higgins Natalie Dove, faculty mentor Natalie Dove,of faculty mentor The purpose this project was to discover variables that contribute to people’s attitudes The of this project was discover variables thatand contribute to people’ s attitudes andpurpose perceptions regarding thetoCOVID-19 pandemic its impact. In particular, this and perceptions regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact. In particular, this research focused on how participants’ perceptions of healthcare and the support that they research focused on howprofessionals participants’ perceptions oftheir healthcare and the support that they receive from healthcare has changed understanding and knowledge receive from healthcareand professionals hasto changed their understanding and knowledge about the pandemic, their decision vaccinate, engage in social distancing, wear about pandemic, their decisionissued to vaccinate, in sociallike distancing, masks,the or follow otherand safety guidelines by publicengage health entities the CDC.wear Data masks, or follow other safety guidelines issued by public health entities like the CDC. Data were obtained via an online survey, and findings and their implications will be discussed. were obtained via an online survey, and findings and their implications will be discussed. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

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Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children’s Physical Activity & Exercise Levels Konrad Lautenschlager Patricia Lasutschinkow, non-presenting author Jin Bo, faculty mentor The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound effects on our lives and cultures. We surveyed sixty-one parents of children between the ages of 8 and 17 about how their levels of physical activity have changed in response to social distancing and lockdown measures during the pandemic. Unexpectedly, results from paired t-tests demonstrated no significant changes in the total amount of physical activity before and after the pandemic. When looking at specific types of physical activities, we found that reported child engagement in jogging, running, and sports had significantly declined. Interestingly, household chores and exercise videos had significantly increased. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Relationships Between Childhood Bullying Victimization & Parental Mental Health Jeffrey Lock Jamie Lawler and Angela Staples, faculty mentors Research has shown that childhood bullying can have adverse effects into adulthood (e.g., poor mental health), and there is evidence of relationships between victimization and parenting (Wright, 2017). However, most studies are devoted to children exclusively (McDougall & Vaillancourt, 2015). The aim of the current study was to examine the relationships between childhood bullying and parental competence and mental health. Participants included 215 parents (68.2% women, mean age = 33.6). Standardized measures of bullying, parenting, and mental health were used. It was found that bullying and outcomes were related, and these relations are discussed. Oral Session A / 9:45 a.m. / Room 320

ARTS & SCIENCES

The Relationship Between Introversion/Extroversion & COVID-19 Health Precautions Kalie Luckett Natalie Dove, faculty mentor Participants completed a survey about COVID-19-related precautionary behaviors and psychological variables that might be related to someone’s willingness to engage in such behaviors. The current study focused on respondents’ level of introversion or extroversion and self-reports of their COVID-19 precautionary measures. My hypothesis was that people who identified as more extroverted would take fewer precautions as the pandemic continued. Furthermore, I hypothesized that people who identified as more introverted would find it easier to follow COVID-19 related guidelines. Results and whether they supported my hypotheses will be discussed. Oral Session A / 9:30 a.m. / Room 320

Examining Differences in Emotion Regulation Between Narcissism Subtypes Thairu Moore-Petinak and Vinay Mathews Sneha Shankar, non-presenting author Eamonn Arble, faculty member The present study examined the differences in emotion dysregulation between the narcissism subtypes: grandiose narcissism (GN) and vulnerable narcissism (VN). Participants were 194 students from a midwestern university who completed the Pathological Narcissism Inventory and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Multiple regression analyses found that VN and GN significantly predicted emotional dysregulation (R² = .391, F(2, 191) = 61.39, p < .001). However, VN was the strongest predictor of disruptions in individuals’ abilities to accept, act non-impulsively, and pursue goals when emotional. These differences demonstrate the importance of a nuanced examination of narcissism subtypes. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

ARTS & SCIENCES

Assessing Audience Effects on Sport Performance in Competition During the COVID-19 Pandemic Noah Perrin Krithika Prakash, non-presenting author Ellen Koch, faculty mentor The COVID-19 pandemic has created an environment in sports in which players are performing in the absence of crowds. In this study, we analyze the performance of teams and players in games played with and without an audience over a period of three years in collegiate basketball. We hypothesize that simple tasks such as free throws will be more successful with an audience compared to complex tasks such as field goals. We further hypothesize that home advantage in performance will not be observed when there is no audience. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Probing the Role of the Ventral Hippocampus to Nucleus Accumbens Pathway in Individual Learning Jacklyn Staffeld Karen Saules and Jon Morrow (University of Michigan), faculty mentors Via stereotaxic surgery on rats, we are using an in vivo dual-vector approach to bilaterally inject Cre recombinase into the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and excitatory Cre-dependent, G protein-coupled designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD) into the ventral hippocampus (vHPC), allowing us to selectively manipulate the vHPC-NAc projection. This will determine whether activation of the vHPC-NAc projection affects acquisition and/or expression of Pavlovian Conditioned Approach behavior. Although data collection is ongoing, our expectations are that exciting this pathway will increase sign tracking behaviors, which may play an important role in addiction and relapse. Oral Session B / 10:30 a.m. / Room 300

ARTS & SCIENCES

Moderating Role of Attachment Style on Social Media Use & Body Image Issues in Adolescent Girls Jenna Walters Chong Man Chow, faculty mentor Our social relationships can have a big impact on how we perceive ourselves. This can be especially true for adolescent girls’ connection with their mothers, as well as their use of social media to interact with peers. This study looks at the interaction of social media use and parental attachment and their impact on body surveillance, thin idealization, and body dissatisfaction in teen girls. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Sociology, Anthropology & Criminology Bioarchaeology of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Cassandra Anderson Megan Moore, faculty mentor Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) is caused by compression of the brachial plexus leading to paresthesia, muscle and bone atrophy, and pain in the affected arm. TOS can be identified on the skeleton through multiple skeletal indicators such cervical ribs or bone atrophy. The lack of identification of TOS in bioarchaeological remains limits the amount of knowledge that can be gained from archeological populations. This study explores bioarchaeological evidence of TOS, including evidence of prehistoric medical procedures and community support to the disabled. Oral Session C / 12:30 p.m. / Room 352

ARTS & SCIENCES

The Use of Prosthetic Devices to Identify the Dead Tyler Edmonds Megan Moore, faculty mentor This research explores the use of prosthetics such as dental implants, limb replacements, and hip replacements used to identify deceased individuals in forensic cases and natural disasters. The research examines the different methods used for identifications, with a focus on how engravings and markings on prosthetics could lead to different manufacturers, lot numbers, and serial numbers, which ultimately help with the death investigation and identification. Lastly, this research explores how this technology can be improved in the future for easier identification and to create new ways of identification of the deceased for both forensic investigations and natural disaster body identification. Oral Session C / 12:15 p.m. / Room 352

Adverse Childhood Experiences in Relation to Parricide Committed by Juvenile Offenders Coreena Forstner Jennifer Hatten-Flisher, faculty mentor This paper explores the nuances of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), their impacts on mental health, and events of parricide as a form of trauma-based retributive justice. Various types of abuse are discussed as a root cause of the eventual development of mental illnesses. The frequency of parricide in North America on a yearly basis as well as what traits are most commonly observed in the offender are discussed. Real cases such as the Lizzy Borden murders, the “Co-ed Killer,” and the Menendez Brothers are dissected and compared into the intricacies of each case. This paper argues that it is evident that forms of abuse and/or neglect were key factors that lead to their deadly endings. Oral Session C / 12:00 p.m. / Room 300

ARTS & SCIENCES

The Maiden, the Witch & the Goddess: An Exploration of Divine Feminity in Wicca Patricia Mulroy Xianghong Feng, faculty mentor Branching from many other traditions, the balance of Feminine and Masculine in both the spiritual and physical realms plays an important role in the Wiccan Religion. Differing from the major abrahamic religions, Wicca places a significant importance on the divine feminine, which greatly affects the way that wiccans perform rituals with nature and view the life cycle. Through examination of both primary and secondary sources and personal interviews, the poster explores the divine feminine in Wicca, the archetype of the triple goddess and the popular ancient goddess which many wiccans pray to. Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Bioarchaeological Analysis of Human Bones under a Downtown Detroit Sidewalk Courtney Muzzin Megan Moore, faculty mentor This project includes the historical analysis of human skeletal remains and associated artifacts found underneath a sidewalk in downtown Detroit, Michigan in 2021. The goal of this presentation is to include analysis of artifacts found associated with the remains with information on the identification and utilization. Further research includes historical analysis of the cholera epidemic of Detroit in 1835 to help provide background on possible explanations for the burial context to explain why the remains were not found in a casket. Additional methods to estimate the time of death are included in this presentation. Oral Session C / 12:00 p.m. / Room 352

ARTS & SCIENCES

The Humanitarian Crisis of the Israeli Occupation & Settler Colonialism in the West Bank & Gaza Sarah Raby Grigoris Argeros, faculty mentor The Israeli-Palestinian conﬂict is often misrepresented in western media. The military occupation and illegal settler colonialism practices of Israel have led to numerous human rights abuses and ultimately has persuaded many international watchdogs to label Israel an apartheid state. This literature review will discuss the tools of occupation used by Israel to oppress Palestinians, including the separation wall, digital occupation, restriction of movement and blockades, home demolitions, and excessive force used by military and police. The goal of this presentation is to explain why the Israeli occupation and settler colonialism has created a humanitarian crisis in the West Bank and Gaza. Oral Session A / 9:00 a.m. / Room 352

Black Entrepreneurial Women: From Hustler to Business Owner Camryn Smith María Luz García, faculty mentor In this age of neoliberalism, opportunities for employment and the generation of wealth have become increasingly concentrated in narrow, predominantly corporate spheres. Largely marginalized in this context, Black entrepreneurial women have made use of networks that they have formed among each other and among Black customers, as well as their own family legacies of business practices to create a space of economic advancement.This study considers how these networks and the “hustler mentality” operate in Black-owned businesses on the campus of Eastern Michigan University and in the metro-Detroit area through events, pop-up shops, and on social media. Oral Session B / 11:15 a.m. / Room 352

58 ARTS & SCIENCES

World Languages A World of Opportunity with the German Language Bradley Allendorfer Carla Damiano, faculty mentor German companies have played a vital role in Michigan’s economy, and German speakers are in high demand to help lead the scientific community in Michigan. Unfortunately, enrollment in German language courses has fallen significantly in recent years. To provide more opportunities for German language learning in the U.S., the Goethe Institut and the American Association of German Teachers developed the SPARK program, which allowed me to complete an academic service-learning project by teaching German classes to young students of the community. Early interest and continued education in the German language can open amazing opportunities for Michigan kids in the sciences, engineering, and business both at home and abroad. Oral Session D / 2:15 p.m. / Room 320

Racial Equity Practices: A Study of K-12 Teachers’ Pedagogical Beliefs & Practices Tristan Burk Zuzana Tomaš, faculty mentor In the past few years, the United States experienced some of the greatest racial and political turmoil in its history (e.g. the Black Lives Matter movement). Teachers have found themselves looking for opportunities and resources to address the various significant events in the classroom, but little research examines whether the existing resources are effective, especially when working with unique student populations such as English learners, many of whom are Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC). This study surveyed 14 K-12 Michigan teachers who have recently gained English as a Second Language (ESL), and aimed to understand the extent to which ESL-endorsed teachers are addressing racial inequity and what materials they utilize and how. Oral Session B / 11:00 a.m. / Room 352

ARTS & SCIENCES

The Fairytales of Franz Xaver von Schönwerth & Why They Matter Valentyna Stadnik Carla Damiano, faculty mentor Franz Xaver von Schönwerth (1810-1886) was a Bavarian civil servant who collected the fairytales and folklore of the upper Palatinate region in Germany. Unlike his contemporaries the Brothers Grimm, his works remained largely unknown until rediscovered in 2008. But who was he exactly? This presentation highlights the life of Schönwerth and his works, and explains why these newly rediscovered treasures still have relevance in our modern day. Oral Session A / 10:00 a.m. / Room 300

Life Experiences of East German Citizens in Pre- & Post-Reunification Germany: Gabriele Eckart’s Novel Vogtlandstimmen Ahmad Zalt Carla Damiano, faculty mentor A writer, poet, and novelist, Gabriele Eckart is a former East German citizen. Previously, I explored the intricacies of Eckart’s experiences with State censorship in the former GDR – experiences which led to her escape to West Germany in 1987. In 2021, Eckart published a new, experimental novel entitled Vogtlandstimmen. The main characters’ commentary reveals (re)sentiments and attitudes of the novel’s archetypal East German citizens who live in the Post-Unification present, and whose current situations have resulted from the ramifications of their changed political reality. This study explores the widespread dissatisfaction of the East German population after reunification as revealed in this novel. Oral Session A / 9:45 a.m. / Room 300

ARTS & SCIENCES

Management The Secrets of Creating a Lifestyle Blog Selena Fack Megan Endres, faculty mentor Starting a lifestyle blog combines running a business and publishing a book all at once. The purpose of this blog, keep-up-kid.com, is to share valuable knowledge about young adult life such as school advice and personal challenges. The target market consists of college students but also applies to older adults. Creating this blog has required learning WordPress software, advanced digital marketing, consumer wants, and analytics. Results include views from numerous readers in multiple countries across a variety of articles. The significance lies in the researcher effectively delivering useful information in the presentday Information Age that is bustling with competition and noise. Oral Session D / 1:30 p.m. / Room 300

An Analysis on the Utilization of Insider Trading by Hedge Funds Elijah Smith Jane P. Stephenson and Laura Kovick, faculty mentors Hedge funds have consistently outperformed major market indices, even despite adverse market conditions. This demonstrates the possibility they have developed an edge over other market participants, possibly through illegal means. Several studies have investigated avenues of insider information leakage and found evidence that it was used by hedge funds in some cases. This study aimed to provide a more definitive answer by analyzing companies that hedge funds invested in. This was performed by reviewing 72 companies for an unpredictable, profitable event within the quarter after an investment was made. It was found that this occurred in roughly 25% of all analyzed investments. Oral Session C / 12:45 p.m. / Auditorium

BUSINESS

Special Education & Communication Sciences and Disorders Investigating Special Education Teachers’ Perceptions of Education Throughout the Pandemic Olivia Chandler John Palladino, faculty mentor This presentation details the results of a mixed-methods study based on interviews with current special education teachers. These educators were asked to describe the challenges they faced teaching during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic and at present. They also self-assessed their instructional and behavioral management efficacy as students returned to in-person instruction after a year of virtual instruction. Oral Session D / 1:45 p.m. / Room 320

Augmentative and Alternative Communication & Autism Spectrum Disorders Madison Lambert Audrey Farrugia, faculty mentor Augmentative and alternative communication, or AAC, is a common strategy that speechlanguage pathologists, or SLPs, use to help individuals with autism spectrum disorder better communicate. This strategy can include pointing at pictures or having a device that speaks typed words. Past research on AAC has focused more on what it is and why SLPs would use it. There is a paucity of research about specific AAC programs and the successes and challenges that SLPs have faced with them. This qualitative research study seeks to explore the methods and perspectives of speech-language pathologists using augmentative and alternative communication with their clients. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

EDUCATION

A Survey of Michigan Special Education Teachers: Credentials &Teaching Assignments Alexandria Soule Jacquelyn McGinnis, faculty mentor Michigan has a variety of K-12 special education endorsements as the state has a categorical model of credentialing. In fact, educators can earn any one of nine disabilityspecific endorsements in order to teach special education. Some teachers have an endorsement in one category of disability and then have a cross-categorical classroom for their teaching assignment, wherein students with different disabilities are grouped together. This research is based on a survey of Southeastern Michigan special education teachers that examined recruiting practices, credentials, and teaching assignments. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Teacher Education Analytical Review of a Five-Year-Old Child’s Literacy Developmental Status Jewely Conger Martha Baiyee, faculty mentor Throughout this investigation, a sample collected from a five-year-old child was systematically examined to determine the child’s developmental status within the literacy and artistic domains of development. This investigation of the child’s work sample was used to help dictate not only the child’s developmental status but also further instructional planning and reporting to families. The work sample collected helped to highlight the importance of creating portfolios for each child within a classroom. In doing so, all children’s development and learning will be maximized. Participants will be invited to share in the display of the child’s work sample analysis. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

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EDUCATION

The Effects of Time Capsule Writing on Identity & Mental Health Julia A. De La Harpe Christopher Robbins, faculty mentor A time capsule is a form of writing that allows an individual to document experiences through different periods of their life. Time capsule writing (TCW) can benefit the mental health of the writer, and help them to understand their personal identity. Through studies, benefits and drawbacks of TCW have been observed. TCW can trigger PTSD (Hoyt, 2011), but it can also help to develop writing skills and a more detailed understanding of one’s identity (Kinnear, 2004). Within my presentation, I will draw from both personal experience and existing research in order to demonstrate the links between TCW and the development of a person’s identity, as well as the impact of TCW on mental health. Oral Session A / 10:00 a.m. / Room 320

Documentation Panel in the Early Childhood Classroom Olivia Williams Martha Baiyee, faculty mentor Documentation panels are valuable in the early childhood classroom. They are used to archive the child’s learning process through a meaningful classroom experience. Documentation panels are often formed from observations, anecdotal notes, photographs, artifacts and more compiled to one common medium to be displayed in the classroom. Documentation panels hold an important role in the early childhood classroom as they represent the journey children have gone through in their learning process, where they began, where they are now and where they still have yet to reach. This poster presentation will showcase a documentation panel and its implications to teaching and learning. Oral Session D / 1:30 p.m. / Room 320

EDUCATION

Health Promotion & Human Performance The Impact of ACEs: A Closer Look at Substance Use & Antisocial Behavior Coreena Forstner Jeff Schulz, faculty mentor This paper explores the correlation between adverse childhood experiences, substance use, and antisocial behavior. It explores the historical origins of zero tolerance legislation for substances in the United States and their role as a catalyst in ever-increasing zerotolerance policing methods. It is theorized that Labeling Theory not only encourages deviant behavior such as substance use but also perpetuates criminal behavior as a whole. Overall, this paper highlights the theorized association between adverse childhood experiences and eventual substance use, as well as other criminal behavior, in adulthood. Oral Session C / 12:45 p.m. / Room 300

Risk of Stroke for Individuals with Atrial Fibrillation Dunia Issa Shel Levine, faculty mentor Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a type of arrhythmia. The risk of developing AF increases with age, as well as having underlying health conditions. While it is common for individuals with AF to continue living normal lives, if left untreated, there is an increased risk of stroke. A stroke occurs when blood supply to the brain is reduced due to a blood clot. During AF, the atria beat irregularly causing the blood to clot instead of being emptied into the ventricles. As a result, the blood clots formed can be transported to the brain leading to an ischemic stroke. This project will explore the risk of stroke for individuals with atrial fibrillation and how to decrease this possibility. Oral Session A / 9:00 a.m. / Room 320

HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES

Health Sciences Health The Effect Sciences of Plant Extract on Bacterial Species

Jessica Callaghan The Effect of Plant Extract on Bacterial Species Lynne Shetron-Rama, faculty mentor Jessica Callaghan Antibiotic resistance is a growing issue all over the world. Many bacterial species have Lynne Shetron-Rama, faculty mentor already developed resistance to numerous antibiotics, making them increasingly difficult Antibiotic resistance is a growing issue all over the world. Many bacterial species have to treat. Previous studies in our lab have shown a plant extract found in OTC nasal sprays already developed resistance to numerous antibiotics, making them increasingly difficult to be effective at killing important pathogens. Using susceptibility tests, we found that to treat. Previous studies in our lab have shown a plant extract found in OTC nasal sprays this plant extract created a zone of inhibition in Haemophilus species and other selected to be effective at killing important pathogens. Using susceptibility tests, we found that species. To investigate early death in our bacterial species, a new time-kill study was this plant extract created a zone of inhibition in Haemophilus species and other selected created. Early results have yielded effective killing. This plant extract shows promise in the species. To investigate early death in our bacterial species, a new time-kill study was ability to assist in treatment of bacterial infections. created. Early results have yielded effective killing. This plant extract shows promise in the Poster Group 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. /infections. Second Floor Ballroom ability to assist1in/ treatment of bacterial Poster Group 1 / 9:00 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Knowledge, Beliefs, & Behaviors Related to Hypertension in Michigan Filipino Americans Knowledge, Beliefs, & Behaviors Related to Hypertension Anneliese Vogler in Michigan Filipino Americans Alice Rainville and Olivia Ford, faculty mentors Anneliese Vogler Filipino Americans are at higher risk of hypertension (HTN) compared to other ethnic Alice Rainville and Olivia Ford, faculty mentors groups. This online survey of Filipino American residents of Michigan (n=50) assessed Filipino Americans are at higher risk of hypertension (HTN) compared to other ethnic respondents’ health and nutrition-related knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors. Sixty-six groups. This online survey of Filipino American residents of Michigan (n=50) assessed percent of respondents reported two or more behavioral risk factors of HTN. Knowledge respondents’ health and nutrition-related knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors. Sixty-six of these risk factors was assessed using six questions and thirty percent of respondents percent of respondents reported two or more behavioral risk factors of HTN. Knowledge got two or more incorrect. Sixty percent of respondents agreed that Filipino Americans of these risk factors was assessed using six questions and thirty percent of respondents are at higher risk of HTN. The data indicated that there is a need for education on got two or more incorrect. Sixty percent of respondents agreed that Filipino Americans behavioral risk factors and misconceptions. are at higher risk of HTN. The data indicated that there is a need for education on Poster Group 3 /factors 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom behavioral risk and misconceptions. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES

Nursing Barriers to Contraception Access Among Latin American Women: A Small-Scale Literature Review Eden Cook Meriam Caboral Stevens, faculty mentor Introduction: Unintended pregnancy occurs disproportionately among Hispanic/Latin women. Purpose: To review the literature on the barriers to contraception access among Latina women. Method: Arksey & O’Malley approach was used in conducting the smallscale literature review. Electronic databases searched included CINAHL, EBSCO and PubMed. Articles from 2005-2021 were included. Results: Six articles were included in the review. Barriers identified were cultural stigmatization of contraception use, and general misinformation/misconception. Implication to Nursing: Nurses play a role in educating Latin women about sex education and referring to available resources. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Level of Compassion Fatigue among HCW during COVID-19: A Small-Scale Literature Review Mallory Hogan, Amy Jubenville, and Ashley Lane Meriam Caboral-Stevens, faculty mentor There is evidence of negative impact of COVID-19 among healthcare workers. This project aimed to explore the level of compassion (CF) among how healthcare workers (HCW) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Arskey and O’Malley’s 5-step approach was used. Electronic databases searched included Google Scholar and ProQuest. Keywords were compassion fatigue, healthcare workers, nursing, COVID-19. The initial search generated 499 articles, and nine (9) articles were included in the literature review. Our review showed that there was high CF among HCW during the pandemic, and degree of CF was related to organization factors. CF continues to negatively impact HCW during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES

Exploring Fatigue and Resilience of Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic Tanner Kendall Meriam Caboral-Stevens, faculty mentor Guided by the Roy Adaptation Model, the purposes of this project are 1) to assess the levels of lockdown and pandemic fatigue, and resilience among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic, and 2) to determine relationships between lockdown and pandemic fatigue, and resilience among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Surveys included the Lockdown Fatigue Survey, the Pandemic Fatigue Scale, and the Brief Resilience Scale. Data from 51 nursing students was analyzed. Nursing students experienced moderate lockdown and some form of pandemic fatigue, and a low level of resilience during the pandemic. A significant correlation was found between pandemic fatigue and resilience. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

Digital Burnout During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Small-Scale Literature Review Carly Zieske Meriam Caboral-Stevens, faculty mentor Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically increased digital engagement across the world. While digital advances allowed people to work remotely, too much digital engagement can lead to digital burn-out. Research: What evidence is available on digital burnout during COVID-19? Methods: Arksey & O’Malley’s steps were used in this project. Multiple electronic databases were searched using keywords: digital burnout, COVID-19, lockdown and pandemic. Results: Six articles who meet the inclusion criteria were included. We will present available evidence on digital burnout during COVID-19. Conclusion: There is evidence of digital burnout during COVID-19; however, studies are limited. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES

Social Work Creating a Satellite Pantry to Support Students & Spread the Word About Swoop’s Food Pantry Alexis Komnenic Jennifer Kellman-Fritz and Julie Harkema, faculty mentors Swoop’s Food Pantry is an EMU campus resource for students, staff, and faculty. There are currently 479 shoppers and we have 16, 294 students. Through surveys and anecdotal stories from faculty and staff, we have learned that many students don’t utilize the pantry due to lack of access or they believe others need the resource more. To increase student use of the pantry, a satellite pantry will be created in the Halle Library. There will be grab-ngo bags for students and they will complete a survey. This project will increase awareness, provide food assistance during the library hours and subsequently allow us to evaluate how the satellite pantry addresses barriers. Poster Group 3 / 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. / Second Floor Ballroom

HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES

Engineering Thermal Imaging Camera & LiDAR Calibration for Autonomous Driving Systems Suleyman Abdirahman, Xhesi Bashllari, Timothy Bonk, and Herman Chendjou Fokou Qin Hu, faculty mentor The purpose of this research is to improve the performance of self-drive cars in light-insufficient environments such as in inclement weather, when vision cameras cannot provide enough information. This study utilizes a FLIR thermal camera and a LIDAR system to detect live objects such as animals and pedestrians in a vehicle’s surroundings. Geometric calibration of a thermal imaging camera as an important and very challenging initial step will be discussed. A novel method for implementing it will be proposed and the calibration results will be presented. This research will be essential to increase the reliability and safety of autonomous vehicles. Oral Session D / 2:15 p.m. / Room 300

Visual & Built Environments NEXT Seattle Renovation Alana DuBois Diane Guevara, faculty mentor The project goal was to design NEXT’s brand new office space by creating a workspace that provides the staff with ways to support their working styles and personalities. Virtual reality is used to solve problems such as having personal and group spaces, having open and enclosed spaces, ﬂexible workstations, different lighting levels, and increased levels of natural light. Activities that need to be accomplished in this space are employee productivity and engagement, increased wellbeing, and more collaboration, including a retail space for learning about lifestyle changes and education, and a work café. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session D / 1:15 p.m.-3:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

COVID Office Re-entry Allison DePottey Diane Guevara, faculty mentor Using virtual reality, this new interior design for the NEXT Seattle office supports the four work modes: socializing, collaborating, focusing, and learning. Within the work modes, the design principle of pattern is in the organic shaped ceiling clouds and plants placed throughout. Next, WELL #M02 incorporates nature into spaces by integrating plants, water, light and views, along with natural materials, patterns, and colors. Other focal points include mental health and resilience, support of the environment, supporting employee and client privacy. Natural light comes in through the angled windows and supports the LEED quality views with 75% of occupied space having access to daylight. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session B / 10:15 a.m.-12:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

Designing Low-Stress Workplace Interiors Kaitlyn Dorey Diane Guevara, faculty mentor NEXT Wellness is Seattle’s newest addition to the alternative wellness community, promoting healthy lifestyles and emphasizing preventative care. The new location, designed using virtual reality, offers a variety of healthcare services and cooking classes that are geared towards healthy eating. During your visit to NEXT, you will notice a soft and simple repetitive color palette and integration of nature into the design. It is an interior that eases employees back into the workspace post COVID by supporting learning, collaborating, focusing, and socializing. In addition, it features WELL #M02 by integrating plants, water, light, and LEED quality views, with access to natural light to 75% of occupants. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session C / 11:45 a.m.-1:30 p.m. / Room 310AB

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

NEXT: The Design & Rebranding of an NEXT: The Design & Rebranding of an Alternative Wellness Office Alternative Kathryn Flaim Wellness Office Kathryn Flaim faculty mentor Diane Guevara, Diane Guevara, faculty mentor Viewers of this project will use virtual reality to experience the interior design of the new Viewers of ce thissuite, project virtual reality experience the interior design of the Seattle offi for will theuse client NEXT. Theto design welcomes employees back intonew the Seattle office suite,principle for the client NEXT. The design back into the offi ce. The design revealed is rhythm. Thewelcomes movementemployees encourages employees offi ce. The designpost principle revealed is rhythm. The movement encourages employees to move forward, COVID. To support the WELL building standard of “Active to move forward, post COVID. To supporthave the WELL building standard supporting of “Active Furnishings,” WELL #V07, the employees a “palette of postures” Furnishings,” WELL #V07, the employees a “palette of postures” supporting employee choice and control. This design have also features natural light for at least 75% of employee choice and control. design also features naturalsupports light for guests at leastand 75% of the space and supports LEED’sThis “Quality Views.” The solution the space and supports “Quality Views.” The solution guests and employees back into theLEED’ offices with ﬂexible furniture, daylight,supports and biophilia. employees back into the office with ﬂexible furniture, daylight, and biophilia. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session B / 10:15 a.m.-12:00 p.m. / Room 310AB Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session B / 10:15 a.m.-12:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

Office Design Post COVID-19 Offi Design Post COVID-19 Mayace Gaynier Maya Gaynier Diane Guevara, faculty mentor Diane Guevara,wellness faculty mentor The alternative group NEXT has opened a new office to support the re-entry The alternativeand wellness group NEXT has opened new offi ce totosupport of employees patients post-COVID-19. Virtual areality is used design the theirre-entry office, of employees and patients post-COVID-19. reality is used designWELL#W06 their office, created through distributing the visual weight Virtual of objects, colors, andto textures. created through distributing the drinking visual weight of All objects, colors, and textures. gives people access to healthy water. drinking dispensers mustWELL#W06 be cleaned gives Drinking people access topromoted healthy drinking water. All drinking dispensers must be cleaned daily. water is in the Education and Lifestyle Retail Space. Well #V07 daily. Drinking water is promoted inzones the Education and Lifestyle Space. Well #V07 is incorporated by providing 4 work in the employee work Retail area: learning, focusing, is incorporatedor by socializing. providing 4 The workwindows zones in the employee work area: learning, focusing, collaborating, located in the work café and employee collaborating, or socializing. The Views.” windowsAnlocated the work café classes and employee work area support LEED “Quality area toinsupport cooking for both work area support “Quality Views.” An area to support cooking classes for both employees and theLEED community is provided. employees and the community is provided.

Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session B / 10:15 a.m.-12:00 p.m. / Room 310AB Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session B / 10:15 a.m.-12:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

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ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Workplace Re-Entry Claire Heikka Diane Guevara, faculty mentor Designed using virtual reality, the interior design solution for NEXT alternative wellness is an environment to support workplace re-entry post COVID. The largest spaces, next to the windows, receive the most sunlight supporting LEED standard “Quality Views.” Natural elements meet the WELL #M02 “Access to Nature.” The retail/educational space emphasizes being in touch with nature outside of the office. Audio and visual privacy is supported and offers an employee work area that supports the 4 modes of working (focusing, learning, collaborating, and socializing) and 50% height adjustable areas to support WELL #V07 “Active Furnishings”. Privacy of the clients is the priority, along with a community area for culinary classes. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session B / 10:15 a.m.-12:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

Office Suite Redesign for the NEXT Organization Abigail Herman Diane Guevara, faculty mentor The client NEXT, an alternative wellness group headquartered in Portland, Oregon, has expanded and rebranded their organization to Seattle, WA, to promote healthy living and active lifestyles. Virtual reality is used to design their new office for 33 employees, with the possibility for expansion. To support a diverse range of work modes and integration of WELL Building Standard V07 “Active Furnishings,” we implement a “palette of place.” Innovative techniques with the assimilation of WELL #M02, “Access to Nature,” plants, natural and sustainable materials, and access to water and outdoor views have been employed to ensure the emotional, cognitive, and physical wellbeing of employees and clients. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session A / 8:45 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Room 310AB

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Virtual Reality Use in an Office Suite Rebrand/Redesign Avery Jaegle Diana Guevara, faculty mentor NEXT, an alternative wellness medical center is opening a Seattle location. Using virtual reality, the office is designed for 33 employees plus clients. The suite offers multifunctional spaces with the design principle of balance, supporting diverse work styles. A mixture of individual and group spaces allow for thought provoking, ﬂexible and collaborative work to reﬂect the company’s new brand. The WELL building standard #7 Active Furnishings is found throughout the space by implementing adjustable height workstations and treadmill workstations. The suite is LEED certified with natural light in 75% of occupied spaces. Color is used to bring life into the meaning behind Holistic Wellbeing. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session B / 10:15 a.m.-12:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

Inclusivity Reimagined using Research-Based Design Kyla Jones Diane Guevara, faculty mentor Workplace re-entry is a challenge as companies bring back employees and clients to either in-person or hybrid workplaces. The NEXT office suite reﬂects the new post-COVID work environment. Current research suggests evidence-based design principles such as WELL, reimagining social support, and workplace collaboration allow employees and clients to feel supported post-COVID. This project uses various layouts to create an inclusive environment where one can focus, learn, socialize, or refresh while being socially distanced. Using the WELL Building Standard #87 Beauty and Design and #100 Biophilia throughout the design boosts morale, productivity, and the drive to come back to the office. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session C / 11:45 a.m.-1:30 p.m. / Room 310AB

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

NEXT Alternative Wellness: Post COVID Office Design Krystol Krokos Diane Guevara, faculty mentor NEXT is an alternative wellness group that is expanding to Seattle. The suite supports post-COVID design, and the design principles balance and harmony. Specifically, WELL #M02 (Access to Nature) uses biophilia/natural materials and LEED Quality Views features 75% of the occupied space, with views to the outside. Further, the suite supports the 4 work modes, collaborating, socializing, learning, and focusing. The Employee Open Work Area supports having 50% of desks height adjustable (WELL#V07). The new client area is spa-like and connects to the Seattle culture and community by using native Seattle artwork. An education/retail space supports learning about healthy lifestyle and community cooking classes. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session D / 1:15 p.m.-3:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

204 S. State Street: A Commercial Adaptive Reuse Renovation Design Proposal Rachel Madison Linda Mason, faculty mentor This adaptive reuse renovation project aims to transform and provide new life to a historic building located in a bustling urban community. The design features a variety of commercial retail spaces, making it a hotspot for customers to frequent. The design uses neutral colors and natural materials, while keeping the existing brick and stone in order to retain the building’s historic integrity. Pops of accent colors for new furniture and finishes give the building a sense of modernism. Sustainable design strategies implemented throughout, to reduce the negative impact the building has on the environment. The layout provides easy circulation and natural light to promote customer wellbeing and happiness. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session A / 8:45 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Room 310AB

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

NEXT Wellness Post Covid Workplace Re-Entry Lauren Mitkowski Diane Guevara, faculty mentor NEXT Wellness, a holistic wellness practice, has opened a new location in the heart of downtown Seattle. This new addition is designed, using virtual reality, to include warm wood tones, rich colors, and natural materials throughout to mimic the Pacific Northwest area that surrounds NEXT. The incorporation of repeating patterns, colors, and furnishings throughout provides patients and staff with a sense of familiarity and unity. In addition, the LEED category of quality views provides sightlines to the outdoors to optimize occupant happiness and wellbeing. Additionally, the WELL V02 strategy supports ergonomic design and education. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session A / 8:45 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Room 310AB

Designing a New Way of Working Leah Pulice Diane Guevara, faculty mentor NEXT, a private alternative wellness group is adding a location in Seattle. Using the design principle asymmetrical balance found in the employee work area and work café, the new office space is designed for 33 employees with a “palate of place,” featuring four work modes: socializing, collaborating, focusing, and learning. This entices employees to invite clients for in-person consultations. The virtual reality design features two window walls that provide workers with a line of sight outdoors, supporting the LEED category “Daylight.” Finally the design encourages NEXT clients and employees to stay nourished (WELL #N01 “promote the consumption of fruits and vegetables by making them easily accessible”). Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session A / 8:45 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Room 310AB

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Using Virtual Reality to Analyze Workplace Design Heather Roth Diana Guevara, faculty mentor NEXT expanded to Seattle, WA and using virtual reality, their new workplace has been redesigned for re-entry post COVID. Designed for 33 employees, it incorporates water features for improvement of employee well-being. The four work modes are supported in WELL Feature V07 “Active Furnishings.” The employees have direct line of sight to the outdoors via vision glazing for 75% of all regularly occupied ﬂoor areas including the work café for community cooking classes. The multiple lines of sight have at least two of the following: ﬂora, fauna, sky, or movement and unobstructed views. WELL #M03 Mental Health Support gives support services with local mental health groups. S.A.D. lights are available in the retail space. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session C / 11:45 a.m.-1:30 p.m. / Room 310AB

204 S. State Street: An Adaptive Reuse Renovation Design Proposal Jillian Sitkiewicz and Eveline Que Linda Mason, faculty mentor This 30,600 square foot adaptive reuse renovation project, located in Ann Arbor, MI, aims to create an active hub where locals and visitors alike will find a multitude of retail businesses and Airbnb suites under one roof. The design implements sustainable design strategies to reduce the negative impacts of construction on the environment, while increasing the health and comfort of the occupants. Additionally, the design modernizes the historic building with furniture and finishes to create a classic yet comforting space with ample amenities and technology. The color palette of whites, blacks, blues and greens, along with warm wood tones throughout, keeps the space cohesive and inviting. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session D / 1:15 p.m.-3:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Returning to the Workplace after COVID Sierra Smith Diane Guevara, faculty mentor For the virtual interior design of NEXT, an alternative wellness center in Seattle, I created a 12,000 square foot post-COVID office suite for 35 employees. The suite provides choice and control for employees by offering work spaces for the 4 modes of working (focusing, collaborating, learning, and socializing) and 50% height adjustability in the Employee Work Area. Patient areas emphasize health, wellness, and lighting, including lighting controls to support circadian rhythm (WELL #L03) and natural lighting in over 75% of regularly occupied spaces (LEED “Quality Views”). “Light Exposure and Education (WELL #L01)” is supported in retail and education spaces by wood tones, greens and tans. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session A / 8:45 a.m.-10:30 a.m. / Room 310AB

Southern Michigan University Multicultural Center: An Interior Design Proposal Marie Surur Linda Mason, faculty mentor An existing 15,000 square foot structure at Southern Michigan University will be renovated as a multicultural center to support diversity, equity and inclusion. Use of international design elements will allow users to understand various cultures and identities. Lounges, a cafe, study spaces, a gallery, and meeting rooms will allow space for people with differing viewpoints to interact and collaborate. Use of bright colors and bold patterns will represent the uniqueness of the student body. Thoughtfully chosen space planning layouts, furniture, materials and finishes will promote sustainability and strengthen connections between students, faculty and staff who are committed to diversity. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session D / 1:15 p.m.-3:00 p.m. / Room 310AB

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Post Covid-19 Workplace Re-Entry Branden Wylie Diane Guevara, faculty mentor NEXT is a holistic healthcare center located in Seattle, WA providing expansive views of downtown from the west side. NEXT is adapting to workplace re-entry offering an alternative free address system for employees and WELL#V07 “active furnishings”. Also, the employees choose from 1 of 4 work modes: socializing, collaborating, focusing, and learning. NEXT takes advantage of the 4th ﬂoor for LEED standard “Quality Views.” Utilizing daylight can help mitigate costs to lighting and heating. The patients have access to meeting spaces with their provider and can visit NEXT’s retail space that promotes healthy lifestyle and education sessions, and a café designed to support cooking classes. Crossing Lines Design Expo / Session C / 11:45 a.m.-1:30 p.m. / Room 310AB

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EVENT HOSTS

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES CAS Dean’s Office Dana Heller Dean James Egge Associate Dean For Programs Ellen Koch Associate Dean For Budget and Facilities Jill Hunsberger Associate Vice President For Advancement

CAS Department Heads / Program Directors Victor Okafor Sandra Murchison Anne Casper Debra Heyl – Clegg Dennis O’Grady Augustine Ikeji Mehmet Yaya (I) Joseph Csicsila Katy Greenwald Christine Clark Peter Higgins Marty Shichtman Debra Ingram Christopher Barrick Ernie Behringer Barbara Patrick Natalie Dove Julian Murchison Elizabeth Currans (I) Alexander Popko

Africology & African American Studies Art & Design Biology Chemistry Communication, Media & Theatre Arts Computer Science Economics English Language & Literature Environmental Science & Society,Interdisciplinary Geography & Geology History & Philosophy Jewish Studies Mathematics & Statistics Music & Dance Physics & Astronomy Political Science Psychology Sociology, Anthropology & Criminology Women’s & Gender Studies World Languages

EVENT HOSTS

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SYMPOSIUM PLANNING COMMUNITY FACULTY REPRESENTATIVES

College of Arts & Sciences Victor Okafor Pamela Stewart Aaron Liepman Brittany Albaugh Sadaf Ali

Suchindran Maniccam Jim Saunoris Annette Wannamaker Chris Gellasch Eric Portenga Mary – Elizabeth Murphy Katy Greenwald Marty Schictman Khairul Islam John Dorsey Eric Paradis Rich Stahler – Sholk Dave Klein Claudia Drosse Xianghong Feng Mary – Elizabeth Murphy Wendy Wang Ann Eisenberg

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Africology and African American Studies Art & Design Biology Chemistry Communication, Media & Theatre Arts Computer Science Economics English Language and Literature Geography and Geology (FALL) Geography and Geology (WINTER) History and Philosophy Interdisciplinary Environmental Science & Society Jewish Studies Mathematics & Statistics Music & Dance Physics and Astronomy Political Science (FALL) Political Science (WINTER) Psychology Sociology, Anthropology & Criminology Women’s and Gender Studies World Languages Honors College

SYMPOSIUM PLANNING COMMUNITY FACULTY REPRESENTATIVES

College of Education Special Education Teacher Education

Jennifer Desiderio Martha Baiyee

College of Health & Human Services Health Sciences Nursing Nursing Nursing Social Work Health Promotion & Human Performance

Lynne Shetron-Rama Jennifer Avery Dejuana Jackson Elizabeth Loomis Jennifer Farley Catherine Gammon

GameAbove College for Engineering & Technology Engineering Technology Visual & Built Environments Information Security & Applied Computing

LaMar Stewart Harriet Lindsay Bilquis Ferdousi

SYMPOSIUM PLANNING COMMUNITY FACULTY REPRESENTATIVES

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College of Business Harriet Lindsay

Design Expo Committee Samantha Carter Ryan English Greg Tom Leslie Atzmon Dustin Miller Susan Booth Brian Scruggs

Event Representatives Event Chair Event Coordinator Event Graduate Assistant

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Harriet Lindsay Amy Bearinger Samantha Carter

SYMPOSIUM PLANNING COMMUNITY FACULTY REPRESENTATIVES

Our appreciation is extended to the following Eastern Michigan University offices and individuals who contribute annually to the success of the event: Raushanah Davenport – Brown & Sophia Emmi, student graphic designers, and their faculty mentor Ryan Molloy, Art & Design Tracey Sonntag & the staff of Academic Support Services Ann Eisenburg & students of the Honors College Jill Hunsberger, Lisa Comben & the EMU Foundation staff Walter Kraft, Melissa Thrasher & Darcy Gifford, EMU Communications Paul Lehman, Music & Dance EMU Office of the Provost, Academic Affairs EMU Office of Admissions

David Zylstra & CAS/EMU Information Technology EMU Catering & Dining Services EMU Public Safety & Parking EMU Student Center

Catherine Steiner & the Event Planning Office The Symposium Planning Committee Steinway Piano Gallery of Detroit

Steven Martin & the Webcasting Team

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SYMPOSIUM PLANNING COMMUNITY FACULTY REPRESENTATIVES

A special note of thanks to the Office of Graduate Studies and Research for their sponsorship of our virtual platform. Finally, a thank you to the many colleagues, peers, and supporters who assisted us in bringing the 42nd event to fruition.

SYMPOSIUM PLANNING COMMUNITY FACULTY REPRESENTATIVES

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Ronia Cabansag, Communication, Media & Theatre Arts Sadaf Ali, faculty mentor Molly Luempert-Coy & The DTE Energy Foundation, Sponsor Julia De La Harpe, Elementary Education Chistopher Robbins, Faculty mentor Tom Sidlik, Sponsor Kyla Jones, Interior Design Diane Guevara, Faculty mentor Retirement Income Solutions, Sponsor Peter Landor, Biology Cara Shillington, Faculty mentor William Fennel Endowment, Sponsor Eva Long, Political Science Jeffery Bernstein, Faculty mentor Ed Jakeway, Faculty mentor

SYMPOSIUM UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH FELLOWS

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Carlos Mellado-Fritz, Biology Katherine Greenwald, Faculty mentor William Fennel Endowment, Sponsor Imani Peterkin, Chemistry Ruth Ann Armitage, Faculty mentor Dale and Gloria Heydlauff & AEP, Sponsor Olivia Robinson, Arts Management Susan Booth, Faculty mentor William Fennell Endowment, Sponsor Nico Slowik, English Linguistics Eric Acton, Faculty mentor Ian Pendelton & Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Sponsor Anneliese Vogler, Dietetics Alice Jo Rainville & Olivia Ford, Faculty mentors Bank of Ann Arbor, Sponsors Ahmad Zalt, World Languages Cara Damiano, Faculty mentor Tom Layher, Sponsor

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SYMPOSIUM UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH FELLOWS

We Are The Champions Dale & Gloria Heydlauff Sam Hirsch & Marti Walsh Don & Nancie Loppnow Molly Luempert-Coy Michael Morris Retirement Income Solutions Mark Sadzikowski

Let’s Go Surfing American Electric Power Dennis & Char Beagen DTE Energy Foundation Ian Pendleton

The Influencers Bank of Ann Arbor Pat Butcko Karen Chapell Jakeway, Jakeway, Jakeway, LLC Sally McCracken Wade Peacock Richard Schwarze Bette Warren

The Explorer Robert Grady, II Emery Lee, III Elaine Karam

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