Volume 3 • No. 3 • July 2012
Wind Power Trends in Turbines Solar Energy The Breakthrough Technology Solar Lights Triggering Economic Development INTERSOLAR Innovation AWARD in 2012
ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CENTRE Jaipur, India
By it, Fit it, and forget it. SOLAR LAGAO !!! BIJLEE BACHAO!!! NO ELECTRIC BILL, NO POWER CUT, 100% POWER SAVING
CONTENT
24 Editorial
10
Moving to a Greener & Cleaner World
Solar Energy
18
Solar Uni.
29
Shri Krsna Sudarshan Urja
31
The Breakthrough Technology
UL India
21
At the Door of Explosive Growth
The Charging Kit for Remote Locations
Solar Light
23
Wind Power
Renewable Energy to Fight Left Extremism
Triggering Economic Development
News
13
The Sky, No Longer Open? 32
Trends in Turbines
Look at Solaricks Afresh Sun Ray Solar Museum
25
Event
33
Climate Change on Luni River Basin Innovates Revolutionary Solar Water Heater Systems
Climate Change Harms Fruit Crop
6th Renewable Energy India 2012 Expo
A look at Solaricks Afresh Geothermal Energy Policy
36
26 Opportunity in East Africa
Biomass Power
16
Turning Rajasthan into a Global Solar Hub
Generating Rural Employment
6
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
July 2012
CONTENT
Australia Editor-in-Chief K. Vikram Rastogi Editors Vikrant Vikram Rastogi Jayesh Vikram Rastogi Editorial Board A. Ahmed A. Shah Babulal Jain M. Arora
Editorial Team Jaywant Mehta Upendra Sharma
38
Mechanism for Boosting Renewable Sources
EWEA
42
44
Being Innovative Pays
Intersolar South America
59
Classified
62
World Environment Day
55
Innovation AWARD in 2012
Director, Marketing Vikrant Vikram Rastogi
WFES Director, Circulation Jayesh Vikram Rastogi
57
Strides on With a Supernatural Sense
Setting Records
Intersolar
Twin Creeks
50
The World Begins its Green March
Come Clean, Go Green
RENEWABLE ENERGY & CLIMATE CHANGE
A Quarterly Publication Annual Subscription India : Rs. 100 (Single Issue) Rs. 350 (Annual) Foreign: Euro 25 (Sea-mail) Euro 35(Air-mail) Director, Design & Layout Paras Bhansali Graphic Design Naresh Navlani Administrative Office
ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CENTRE Rastogi House B 9 Vivekanand Marg Jaipur 302001, India Phones: +91-141-237 6171, 237 9653 Fax : +91-141-236 5232, 236 3584 info@entece.org • www.entece.org Printed by Smt. Jaya Vikram Rastogi, Published by Smt. Jaya Vikram Rastogi on behalf of Smt. Jaya Vikram Rastogi and printed at Jain Printers, 87, Lane No. 3, Gopalbari, Jaipur 302006 and published at Rastogi House, B 9, Vivekanand Marg C-Scheme, Jaipur 302001 Editor - Shri K. Vikram Rastogi.
The editors do their utmost to verify information published. They do not accept responsibility for its absolute accuracy. Opinion expressed in the articles are of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the editors or publishers. All disputes are subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of competent courts and forums in Jaipur city only.
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Renewable Energy & Climate Change
49 July 2012
EDITORIAL
Moving to a Greener & Cleaner World As history advances new challenges stand in the way. Human society gathers resources, responds to the problems and overcoming them continues on its journey. This has been more or less the story as we understand it.
K. Vikram Rastogi
It is true that governments do not seem to lack funds when it comes to making expenses on the upkeep of its own machinery and its working plus non-working styles both of which have increasingly become quite lavish. If this were not so why would people want governments to become austere? Whatever the case, the world has to go green. It is not enough to sit back and let carbon emissions take over our lives. The answer probably lies in a more popular involvement in the cleaning up of the world. In other words, individuals, businesses and corporations will have to step forward to give a positive impetus to the use of green energy. In this respect the research conducted by Carbon Trust is worth taking note of. Its findings are amazingly eyeopening. It revealed that climate concern rises from the east. According to the findings young people in China could hold the key to unlocking mass demand for greener products.
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Renewable Energy & Climate Change
But what if the solution calls for more resources than can be set aside for it? For example, the solution to global warming - pumping renewable energy into the system - becomes easy if resources can be provided for the new technologies. The expensive part of the new energy can be left to the government, presuming that being 'the legislature and executive rolled into one' it will be able to pick up the bill. And, in fact, nation after nation, is joining the bandwagon of FiT in one way or another to play its role of generosity. Lately, however, the presumption, 'any government with its capacity to tax its people will have resources', has come into question. Many governments, rather most governments, on the contrary, lack sufficient funds; they do not have.
machinery and its working plus nonworking styles both of which have increasingly become quite lavish. If this were not so why would people want governments to become austere? Whatever the case, the world has to go green. It is not enough to sit back and let carbon emissions take over our lives. The answer probably lies in a more popular involvement in the cleaning up of the world. In other words, individuals, businesses and corporations will have to step forward to give a positive impetus to the use of green energy. In this respect the re s e a r c h conducted by Carbon Trust is worth taking note of. Its findings are amazingly eye-opening. It revealed that climate concern rises from the east. According to the findings young people in China could hold the key to unlocking mass demand for greener products.
This is the reason why countries which did not visualise anything wrong in taking a green ride earlier have become keen to dismount from their horses and are willing to call off the urgency to go clean.
The survey of 2,800 young people across six countries found 83 per cent of 18-25 year-olds in China would be more loyal to a brand if they could see it was reducing its carbon footprint. In contrast, just 57 per cent of US respondents and 55 per cent of young people in the UK made the same claim.
At the same time it is true that governments do not seem to lack funds when it comes to making expenses on the upkeep of its own
Those from the developed world perhaps feel that they are not causing so much a problem as those in the developing nations,
July 2012
EDITORIAL
particularly where development is taking the nations to high levels of consumption rapidly. India, China or Brazil, South Africa or even Russia, Indonesia are places which ought to be more responsible. Getting back to the research findings, South Africa came in second place with 86 per cent of respondents calling on blue chips to reduce their impact, followed by Brazil at 84 per cent. Again the US and UK lagged far behind with only two thirds of respondents demanding more action from big brands. Overall the research puts forward the following l 78% want their favourite brands to help reduce their carbon footprint. This is highest in China (88%), followed by South Africa (86%), Brazil (84%), Korea (81%) and USA and UK (66%) l 70% would be more loyal to a brand if they could see it is reducing its carbon footprint. This is highest in China at 83%, followed by Brazil at 77% l 68% of young adults questioned globally would like to see companies' carbon impact quantified by an independent organisation - this is highest in
China at 84%and lowest in the USA at 55%, in the UK it is 56% l Young adults believe consumer electronics (68%), consumer healthcare brands (50%),clothes manufacturers and retailers (50%),and food manufacturers and retailers (48%),have the greatest responsibility to reduce carbon l 46% would find carbon foot printing on packaging useful and it would influence their purchase. This rises to 63% in Brazil, 53% in China, 52% South Africa. 33% in the UK and 34% in the USA would find it useful l 33% would buy a more expensive product if it had a lower carbon footprint - of those prepared to s p e n d m o r e , they would be prepared to pay a mean average of 28% more for lower carbon products l 29% of young adults globally want to reduce their carbon footprint but are confused about how to go about it l 28% of young adults globally are trying to reduce their carbon footprint but feel they could do more and 21% feel they are doing their bit to reduce their carbon footprint Carbon Trust also awards what is known as 'Carbon Trust Standard' which is an independent label given to companies that reduce their
organizational carbon footprint from year to year. The award distinguishes the environmentally more sensitive and active organisations from those which could not care less about their carbon footprint. Individuals have the choice to favour certain companies and reject others by patronising those with a lesser carbon footprint. A similar label that has lately started is Wind Made. WindMade is actually an organization which has come up with an interesting tag which tells about the product and more so about its maker. It gives an opportunity to the consumer to assess companies in terms of their footprint strategies through their products. This is a way of involving of people in influencing environmental decisions that the commercial world makes. As this mas s p a r t i c i p a t i o n g r o w s b i g over time it will turn into a clout by itself. Clearly such choices will be difficult to ignore by businesses t h u s l e a d i n g t o all exerting on the whole society's allocation of resources. Global warming w i l l t h e n not be a difficult problem to solve.
NEWS
The Sky No Longer Open If Indian flights carrying passengers or freight over EU air space are taxed India will retaliate with similar action by imposing duty on European flights. Other countries have reacted much as India has done on the move made by EU. USA has gone to the extent of calling EU's action as unilateral, holding it to be neither in the spirit of international understanding nor in accordance with
EU Tax on Flying EU Sky international law. If the battle rages on Indian travelers to Europe will have to provide much large budgets for their trips than they are accustomed to. Though each country or independent region like the EU is empowered to frame its own tax laws and collect revenue as per its policy this is a matter related to climate and falls in the ambit of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change so it should be first discussed and debated in the UNFCCC. Countries must formulate international compacts having reached an agreement by consensus. India has called EU a 'deal breaker' as far as future climate talks stood. The Environment Minister Jayanthi Natarajan felt that the aviation tax may sour relations between the two groups. Some groups hold that this is a way of getting the developing countries to buy new aircraft as Indian companies often fulfil their
July 2012
requirement from European producers. USA, on the other hand, feels that this is nothing else but a way to collect cash as their economy is in deep recession. Canada and China too are not prepared to pay any tax for flying their aircrafts over EU. China may perhaps not allow EU planes to fly over its air space. it seems difficult for EU to take a climate path on its own accord.
The Charging Kit for Remote Locations Mobile phones have made life so dependent that their failure is impossible to tolerate. The failure occurs, most of the time, when the battery loses its charge at a time when it is urgently required. The pace at which mobile phones have spread has taken the facility of communication in
Charger Free of the Grid
remote areas of the world where electricity has not reached. In these locations the mobile phones have come to play a great role. They make not only oral connections but also commercial transactions possible. In Uganda, for example, people in remote locations use mobile phones to make cash transfers. However, in these places there is no electricity so recharging the instruments has been a problem. In order to solve this problem entrepreneurs Mike Lin and Brian Warshawski developed a charging kit to give Ugandans off the grid an easy way to charge mobile phones.
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The charging kit consists of a velo bicycle generator as well as a solar panel. Made by the entrepreneurs' start-up firm, Fenix, it is called ReadySet kit. It intends to facilitate "phone charging, which generates income from the moment it's plugged in." Though the kit was suppose to generate income for the bottom of the pyramid it so happens that the kit has been popular in America. Campers like to take it with them on their excursions. Many Americans would like to support solar energy even if they do not want to spend on solar panels. "Succeeding in the U.S. will help us hire more engineers and sales teams, accelerate R&D, and grow to scale in Africa," Lin said. Actually the two innovators want to stay home and work for their people in Uganda.
Renewable Energy to Fight Left Extremism This novel idea cannot have been generated by anyone other than Jairam Ramesh, Union Minister of Rural Development. He has proposed to install as many as 10,000 solar systems in 78 districts where Naxalism has penetrated. Before the Lift Wing makes deep inroads the Government of India hopes to address the basic problem of drinking water. The Minster says, ""We have just prepared a proposal for 10,000 solar based water systems which supply drinking water to communities in rural areas. For the first time we have taken the programme addresses this issue of renewable energy because there are villages and habitations which are not going to seek electricity in the near future because of a variety of reasons... for remoteness, forest areas and so on," he said. Though he admits, 'It is a very ambitious project as it involves a huge
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
NEWS
Confident to be able to raise the funds. For Jairam Ramesh, always keen to get things done, money has never been a problem. Even as a Minister of Environment where others failed, he could operate a large budget. He knows how to organize funds and get
Institute, will study the impact of climate change on Luni River Basin. In Rajasthan where water resources are scarce the project aims at lifting people out of poverty. This is in part fulfillment of the broader goals of SMHI which is involved in generating sustainable development. The project will be implemented with the grant from Swediah International
Parabolic Mirrors Purify Water on with jobs that are not easy to accomplish.
Ramesh seems eager to implement this project for it fulfils twin goals: one, rural development and two, combating Naxalism. Actually 200 water systems had been already installed by him in Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra which are affected by Naxalism. In the role of a Minsiter for Rural Development Jairam Ramesh has brought in his old predilection for clean environment. He will use solar panels made in Pune. The ground water pumps will be imported from Germany. He is not only promoting rural development but also greening it at the same time.
CURAJ Studying Climate Change on Luni River Basin With a view to applying the results of research Central University of Rajasthan, in a Partnership Driven Cooperation with Swedish Meteorological & Hydrological
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Studying the effects of Climate Change on Luni River Basin
Development Cooperation. SIDA has sanctioned the partnership cooperation an amount of Rs 1.6 crore. The project is titled, 'Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources in the Luni River Basin, Rajasthan, India'. The Department of Environmental Science from the Central University will undertake the research while those from SMHI will be Dr. Jonas Olsson Dr.Chantal Donnelly and Associate Professor Berit Arheimer. From the Central University Professor K. C. Sharma and Assistant Professor Devesh Sharma have taken the initiative. The Vice Chancellor of Central University of Rajasthan Prof M. M. Salunkhe is extremely pleased with this collaboration and has congratulated the professors of the University.
Climate Change Harms Fruit Crop 0There are reports in the press about
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
how climate change is rapidly affecting the production of fruits, particularly one of the most loved of all - mango. This year has witnessed a sudden fall in quality and number of mangoes and chickoos. Generally the summer fruit basket in north India is replete with mangoes of several varieties but this year this has not been so. The customer palate and demand in north India for langa is so insatiable that it is a must-have after the alphonso disappears by June. But this year in June-July the variety fell in deep shortage as the crop did not blossom as it generally does every year. With respect to chikkoos the story is much the same. Chikkoos too is a crop of the same time as the mango. The reason for the dramatic change in the production of the two fruits is not difficult to understand. It is climate change. According to the press reports, 'Wildly fluctuating climates have started showing their effect on the agriculture of south Gujarat, that too at an alarming rate. This region supplies 55% of mangoes grown in Gujarat and nearly 70% of chickoos produced. Fluctuations in temperature, changed rainfall patterns and indifferent weather since two years have taken their toll on crops. Heavy heat in daytime and cold nights has resulted in withering away of flowering from fruit trees, and non-formation of seeds in small fruits have become a common feature in many citrus fruits.’ At the final stage of the two crops this was noticed. However, when the flowering was on, the two crops painted a completely different picture. "In November-December 2011, when flowering on mango trees was abundant, we thought we are in for a bumper crop. But two spells of weather due to climate change has brought us to a stage where many farmers are seriously thinking of giving
July 2012
NEWS
up mango farming," said Prof NI Shah, in-charge of Navsari Agriculture
UniversityPariya farm. Talking of way and means to combat climate change, N I Patel head of horticulture department at Navsari Agriculture University, said, "Its difficult to prevent the affects of climate change. But for fighting extreme cold conditions for fruit trees, the ways are fogging, giving lukewarm water to c o n t r o l i n n e r temperatures."Agriculture University, said, "Its difficult to prevent the affects of climate change. But for fighting extreme cold conditions for fruit trees, the ways are fogging, giving lukewarm water to control inner temperatures." NAU has started a research to grow mango trees under controlled conditions. The experiments are on to grow the tree at 10 , 15 and 20 degrees Celsius in controlled conditions. This research will provide the details of exact effects of climate change on the crop, but this will be known only after two years.
A Look at Solaricks Afresh In these days of rising pollution there
July 2012
are many who actively support techniques, gadgets and ways of life that promote c l e a n environment a n d sustainable living. It is noticed that s u c h supporters are the more knowledgeabl e, the more enlightened, the more educated and the more travelled in comparison to the others. Consequently there is a natural fondness among travellers for all things that do not add to emissions. For such travellers Jaipur has come up with an innovation in a cycle-riksha powered by solar energy. The pedicab, as the
receives power from its solar panels. A full charge lets it run for 45 kilometers though it needs to be manually pedaled to kick start the motor. It attains speeds of about 20km/h. The vehicle can comfortably fit three passengers for an innovative experience of eco-friendly tourism. Of course the founders do not want to see their innovation end up with tourists. They have had the whole country in mind when they took up the project and they are working to spread it all over. But there are spots where nothing else can be better than this solarick like around Taj Mahal in Agra where carbonemitting vehicles are restricted. Why only Taj Mahal we humans require clean air more than our monuments! There are many places in cities and towns across the country which should be declared emission-free zones because of their high level of particulates; one can actually smell the fumes in the air in
Solaricks Powered by the Sun riksha is also called, has been launched by Solarick Tourism (P) Ltd (STPL) of Jaipur. It provides an eco-friendly way to cruise around the capital of Rajasthan. Founded by two young Indian entrepreneurs, Sanjay Rathod and Mohit Dixit, STPL has the blessings of Indian Ministry of Tourism and Council of Scientific Industrial Research (CSIR). The rickshaw 15
these busy business centres. The rickshaws should be seen as a way to ease traffic congestion as well. Most of all it reduces human drudgery. The solarick needs a new perception from our planners and administrators and particularly people until better alternatives can be worked upon and implemented. Renewable Energy & Climate Change
BIOMASS POWER
Generating Rural Employment Generating energy from biomass power plant is an attractive proposition. It does not call for a high dose of capital like solar nor does it involve complex technology of tidal or geothermal energy and can be started easily with local machines without the hassles of know-how import. Another plus point is that the biomass a power plant does not have to go to a remote place but be located in the vicinity of villages whose fields can feed it with the agro waste required by the plant. The traditional sources of power
source." Where the government is involved it is expected that the scale goes up. MNRE has been exploring the possibility of generating 10,000 MW of power. Such figures are not possible overnight. They need planning, investment and particularly time. Thus a ten-year period may be necessary to achieve this target. In farms what is left after obtaining the harvest can provide biomass. However, if ten thousand megawatts have to be produced additional biomass will be needed. The forest can be utilised to
Jairam Ramesh Minister of Environment And Forests Not Only Generates Rural Employment but also Green Products need to be supplemented with quick and easy methods and new sources if a substantial increase has to be obtained without much delay. According to Deepak Gupta, Secretary, Ministry of New & Renewable Energy, "The rising demand for energy on the one hand and depletion of fossil fuels and increasing import of coal on the other, had made it necessary for us to look at dedicated plantation-based biomass power and energy as an alternative
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and arhar stock and other agro and forest residue. But availability of biomass has been a major bottleneck to operate the plants to full capacity. At this juncture the Ministry of Environment and Forest has stepped in with a bright solution which can be expected from an intelligent Minister like Jairam Ramesh. His Ministry has floated a draft, 'National Mission Document on National Mission for Greening India'. The proposal is to increase forest-tree cover on 5 million hectares of forest and nonforest land and improving the quality of forest over on another 5 million hectares of degraded forest land. The trees suggested will not take long to grow. These are trees like the bambusa balcooa (bema bamboo), melia dubia, paulownia. They will prove to be useful as they have demonstrated a high yield of 40-50 tonnes per hectare per year in a rotation of three to four years. Looking at this picture one is feels confident at planting bema bamboo on 15 to 20 hectares of degraded or marginal forest degraded land. this will yield about forty to fifty tonnes per hectare. A sustainable supply of feedstock for one megawatt plant can be obtained thus.
provide this addition. Consequently a workshop was organised at the national level on the subject, 'Dedicated Plantation based Biomass Power and Energy'. It discussed the possibility of forest and agriculture being able to feed the power plants. It has been seen that biomass power plants in operation are based on surplus agro residues such as rice husk, cotton
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
Among the key advantages of having a biomass plant of around 2 MW at the tail end of the grid is to be able to reduce T & D losses and stabilizing grid voltages and the other great return is in the plant providing socio-economic benefits in rural areas including rural employment. It is here that the Minister of Environment and Forests has shown policy innovation and needs to be congratulated.
July 2012
SOLAR ENERGY
The Breakthrough Technology The problem is to produce energy which has minimal or no emissions. Solar energy is clean but it is a highcost proposition and the other difficulty of going solar is becoming reliant on an output which is not constant, varying, as it does, with the appearance and disappearance of the sun.
electrical engineering from Sydney University in 1973. He continued in the same subject of electrical engineering along with computer science for Masters from the University of New South Wales, 1982. Then he spent seven years at Macquarie University conducting research into speech and
There are two problems: first, its high cost and the second, its intermittency. A solution has to be worked out that removes the obstruction in the way of spreading the application of solar technology wide.
All along Phil has been a passionate advocate for solar power. For him it is not enough to be only advocating something. Looking at his attainments it is evident that he is personally involved in making it practical in the sense that it becomes applicable. This is how the birth of LSA can be explained.
The mission of Sunengy is to bring viable and affordable solar power to the world.
There is an Australian energy company, Sunengy Pvt Ltd., that has solved the twin problem. The technology has been developed inhouse after long years of experience in the field. It is called LSA, in other words, Liquid Solar Array.
Phil Connor Sunengy Executive Director
The inventor of LSA is Phil Connor, a scientist and engineer. He seems to be, by habit, an innovator. He conducts research and development in a variety of fields including solar energy even though his initial degree may have been
music using Fourier analysis and development of a fast digital signal processor. Subsequently he has been eighteen years with the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization
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(CSIRO) developing electro-optical instruments for the remote sensing and classification of minerals for the mining industry using spectroscopy.
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
Incorporated in NSW, Australia in 2005 Sunengy will go a long way in the attempt to fulfill its mission. Already it holds the patent for a unique, revolutionary, floating-onwater Liquid Solar Array (LSA) technology system in Australia, Canada, Singapore, South Africa, Russia, Israel, USA, Malaysia, Japan and China. The patent is currently pending in 12 other countries. July 2012
SOLAR ENERGY
The traditional solar concentrated photovoltac (CPV) technology has been around for long but it remains expensive. Sunengy looked for reasons of high costs. These were traditional systems which require expensive structures to withstand periodic strong winds. Besides, the structures cannot become functional without being laid over large chunks of land. However, the LSA is a system which neither requires land nor does it have
reduces cost and at the same time makes power available on demand, meaning 24/7 availability. Both these factors are vital for deploying solar power on a wide scale.
wavy waters. The new technology will benefit many. Those who use industrial scale electricity attached to hydropower amenities apart from villages remote from the traditional power grid. There are remote communities in nations where the grid has not penetrated besides there are mining sites which stand to gain by this technology particularly if they are not far from any lake or even waste water pond.
In other words, LSA is a breakthrough and holds promise of making solar power generation much more popular than it is today. How does LSA work and what makes it up? it uses the traditional CPV technology. Its core is made of a lens and a small area of solar
"LSA effectively turns a dam into a very large battery, offering free solar storage and opportunity for improved water resource management," Connor said. "LSA needs no heavy materials or huge land acquisitions and is effectively cyclone proof," he said. "If India uses just one percent of its 30,000 square kilometers of captured water with our system, we can generate power equivalent to 15 large coal-fired power stations." structures which need expensive support for strength to fight the highblowing winds. The other problem with solar technology is its inability to supply power constantly . Even here LSA
cells that, like a sunflower, tracks the sun throughout the day. The traditional CPV has expensive supporting structures to protect them from high winds but floating them obviates the need of costly and
Yet more thinking-out-of-the-box when it comes to solar energy. This time around Sunengy reckons we should be building floating panels connected into rafts of solar arrays. A thin film Fresnel sheet, held distant
offers a solution when located on and combined with hydroelectric dams. LSA turns the dam into a very large battery by making available the site's daytime output of power from the solar collectors. Thus LSA emerges as a special technique because it
cumbersome supports. The water cools the cells which increases their efficiency. When high winds blow, say above 60km/hour, the lenses submerge and pop in and out of water just as buoys do. In effect the s system is unharmed by rough weather and
from the actual photovoltaic cell by a supporting frame, focuses the sun's rays. The heat generated on the cell itself, is dissipated by sitting it in contact with the water. When strong breeze blows the Fresnel lens will swing into the water and will thus be
July 2012
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Renewable Energy & Climate Change
SOLAR ENERGY
No construction in water is not required as these are made to float in this new technology. protected. The ce l l a n d l e n s combination rotates and keeps track of the movement of the sun in the day. This structure, according to the Australian company, is made from almost 50 times less 'exotic materials' than standard solar cells reducing costs per kilowatt. LSA allows the developing of nonindustrial areas in both tropical and sub-tropical regions which are under developed. The potential in India is immense too with capacity to produce as much power as 15 large coal fired power stations using just one per cent of its 30,000 sq km of captured water. In short, LSA could match the power output of a typical dam with just less than 10 per cent of its surface area and supply an additional six to eight hours of energy per day. In order to make use of this breakthrough technology Tata Power, India's largest integrated power utility and a leading renewable energy company, has partnered with Sunengy, Australia, to build the first floating solar plant in India. Sunengy Chairman and Executive 20
Director of Business Development, Peter Wakeman, said that Tata Power has partnered with Sunengy for its interest in its patented Liquid Solar Array (LSA) technology. Wakeman said the deal was significant for the future use of solar power globally because it allows Sunengy to demonstrate the practicality of its technology in one of the world's most promising solar power markets. According to Connor, modelling by Sunengy shows, for example, that a 240 MW LSA system could increase annual energy generation at the Portuguese hydro plant, Alqueva, by 230. Banmali Agr a w a l a , E x e c u t i v e Director, Tata Power said, "In our quest to deliver sustainable energy, Tata Power is consistently investing in clean and ecofriendly technologies. We have partnered with Sunengy, Australia for a pilot plant in India, which is concentrated photovoltaic solar technology that floats on water. This nascent technology will be demonstrated in the natural environment; it utilises the water surface for mounting and does not compete with land that can be used for other purposes." Construction of
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
the pilot plant in India has commenced. Sunengy plans to establish a larger LSA system in the NSW Hunter Valley in mid 2012 before going into full production. Liquid solar solar array collects sunlight in the open sea Solar panels are a great way to generate electricity without causing any harm to the environment, but the problem with them is that they require a large area to contain a huge amount of solar panels in order to generate sufficient amounts of electricity. While this works great when there's a lot of real estate to go around, in highly dense or populated areas, it would be a waste of space. Making use of specially designed floating solar panels, the Liquid Solar Array will be a whole fleet of sunlight converting devices that will float off-shore India, transforming rays from the sun into useful electricity. The best part is - they Liquid Solar Array won't take up any space on land. The solar panels are even capable of adjusting themselves depending on the location of the sun in order t o m a x i m i z e t h e a m o u nt of sunlight they capture throughout the day. July 2012
Solar Lights
Triggering Economic Development India is losing steam. There is suddenly an atmosphere of gloom and doom all over the country. One way to revive the economy is electrifying the country, particularly villages. Though electrification of villages has been going on there are still over 70 million households in remote areas of India that are deprived of power. The only source of light for them is the kitchen-fire over which women cook while children sit around it to read and prepare their lessons for school.
so that the needy too have an access to it. However, over the years it has become clear where kerosene is going and what it is fuelling. It is going to a mafia and it is fuelling adulteration and what remains reaches the intended destination. This is just about half of what is released. For several years in the past the growth rate of India has been encouraging. It could accommodate the subsidies. Of late, the growth rate has dropped to such an extent that it has become a source of worry.
The light is dim and the air is filled with smoke as the source used generally is wood. Though the government has subsidised kerosene so as to be used in lamps or lanterns for lights there is not enough of it reaching the families to go around for all. What happens is that because of subsidy
There is high fiscal deficit. It has risen to 200% from 2007-08. The current account deficit is likely to be 4% of GDP in the current year. The rupee has depreciated 20%.
kerosene falls cheap so through underground channels it disappears. It is applied in ways and uses the government did not intend, namely, adulteration. In the process such powerful vested interests have grown around the inexpensive fuel, or more accurately around the subsidy that it has become difficult to check them. Nevertheless, the subsidy has progressed. The logic has been the same - it is subsidised
July 2012
The investment has also dropped. It has
come down - almost 30% of GDP. The solution can be to switch from subsidy to investment, in part. Something much more has to be done. By now it is well-known and understood that vested interests have grown and are entrenched deeply. The cruelty with which Sonawane was dealt is a case in point. Yashwant Sonawane was the Additional District Collector of
Malegaon (Maharashtra). He was allegedly burnt alive by an oil adulteration mafia at Manmad near Nashik. Later CBI declared that he too was taking bribes but some dispute separated him from the rest so this was why he met with this sorry fate. He died on 25 January 2011. This is what happened. While going past Nandgaon, the place infamous for smuggling and adulteration of oil, he saw few trucks parked strangely near a dhabha (a tea and food stall) where the depots of IOC, HPCL and BPCL are. Sonawane got off the car and started investigating into why the trucks were parked. While he was going about this task a man named Popat Shinde, along with his men attacked the officer, beat him up and then set him on fire. Popat Shinde had a reputation of running an oil, petrol and diesel smuggling racket. The story came to an early end with Sonawane declared dead when he was taken to the hospital and Shinde too was taken to the hospital on account of his burn injuries but soon died of a cardiac arrest, less than a week after Sonawane was killed. there was another case in 2005 when a similar mafia killed an IIM graduate Shanmugam Manjunath who was murdered for sealing a corrupt petrol station in UP. If this is the extent to which the oil mafia has reached why not stop them. If it is difficult to take action against them directly at least the support by way of subsidy can be stopped. But the conditions in villages have to be improved. Instead of kerosene they should make use of technology that does not pollute their environment which is
23 Renewable Energy & Climate Change
Solar Lights
cleaner than the urban as there are no carbon emitting cars in villages. In villages it is possible to spread the technique of skills by which solar lanterns can be made. They can be trained to assemble their own solar lanterns. This will be like converting the subsidy to investment. Many of them, when they choose to learn the skills, will be able to make solar lamps. These can then be sold to urbanareasaswell.Incitiessuchlampswillbe Shah Rukh Khan at Yale University
The famous Indian star Shahrukh Khan Is also promoting solar lamps. He has adopted villages first 5, then 8 and 11 outside Delhi in a programme 'Light a B i l l i o n L i v e s ' useful for all as power keeps tripping. Solar technology has shown many in the urban areas a path of setting up their own business. They will be receiving a fillip by the above efforts in villages as they will also find roles to play in the fulfillment of goals in rural lighting by solar lamps. Thus investments of different sizes can be made. Employment will created in local areas curtailing urban migration and inclusive economic development will be generated. The solar lamps can be made available to the needy in the rural sector from the money they save by not using the kerosene lamps and the capital the government will have at its
24
disposal when the subsidy to petroleum is stopped. There are ready donations and loans from charities, institutions and banks flowing into the sector. The units to manufacture solar lamps that have come up and are coming up in the urban centres of the country will provide many a jobs to those living there. But these units cannot fulfill the demand as millions and millions of solar lamps are required in villages. these are required just as much in urban areas where power breakdowns is a recurrent problem. Some of the manufacturing units which can cater to greater demand can have training centres in villages that are using its products. Subsequently that village will also be a production base for lamps and other solar products that the manufacturing unit can sell. Though there are many sources of procuring solar lamps a few are mentioned here. Om Energy Savers is an ISO 9001:2008 certified company specialising in energy-saving devices, solar energy based products & special application products of international quality. Among its list of customers are some of the most well-known names like Tata Power, Reliance Energy, HCC , Godrej, HAL, ONGC, BAR , GNFC, NALCO, Hindalco, Aditya Birla Group, Mahindra & Mahindra, ABB ltd. and others. The list is long and varied on account of Om Energy Savers constant product development and technology implementation to introduce new innovative products according to customers needs -- all this t highly competitive prices. The solar lantern which is the focus here is available from the company at less than a thousand rupees. This seems to be a competitive price when compared to many others, according to Om Energy. Lately the company has achieved the certification of SSI & NSIC of Ministry of MSME also. Another solar lantern's source is the India Post. However, till
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
the service expands it is for those is Tamilnadu as the Chennai Circle is selling solar lamps through 19 post offices across the state of Tamil Nadu to give a fillip to its retail post initiative. "The demand has been on the rise so we will make the lamps available in other post offices too," says M S Ramanujan, postmaster general. The department started selling solar lamps in Chengalpet from September 2011. In February, post offices in Vellore and Kanchipuram started selling the lamps to cover areas such as Madurantakam, Tiruporur, Uttiramerur, Sriperumbudur, Tiruvallur, Tiruttani,andSathuvacheri.Inthelast month nearly 1,000 lamps were sold by the new centres," says an official. The demand is probably driven by the daily power cuts across the state. Some interest is always in Chinese products. These are made in China and go the world over. One company from China dealing in solar lights is Ningbo Chengli Outdoors Co., Ltd and the company announces that it is a gold member of China Suppliers. There is a whole list of products that the company is specializing in. One of them is called Dynamo & Solar Power & DC 12V car adaptor & 3xAAA dry battery besides many others including simple ones. It is time something like a Soot Covered kerosene lamp Kerosene Lantern should be banished from our land. Using it is worse than smoking; it has more smoke and soot than the cigarette. Besides, its light harms the eyes of children who are using it to read. Should not the government be proactive and move towards banning the kerosene lamp in a given time period?
July 2012
Sun Ray Solar Museum
Innovates Revolutionary Solar Water Heater Systems Sun Ray Solar Museum innovates solar water heater which works with or without overhead tank, solar cool cap apart from sun based lights, radios, sprayers, dryers, cooking systems & new pumping systems all driven by solar energy. Director Mahesh and his team are behind the museum. Sun Ray Solar Water Heater-A Revolution : Conventional solar water heater requires an additional elevated overhead tank about 7ft, from where water comes to solar tank ,ie; some pressure is required. Major drawbacks of a conventional solar systems are 1) Mixing problem 2) Air vent problem 3) welding problem 4) Cleaning of overhead tank 5) Additional cost of Rs. 8,000 for overhead tank & stand. Sun Ray Solar Museum has developed a solar water heater which works with out over head tank and the drawback of conventionalsystemisremoved. FeaturesAndAdvantages: N O O V E R H E A D T A N K REQUIRED & STAND - SAVES Rs. 8,000. NO WATER MIXING PROBLEMS. NO LONG AIR VENT & HOUSE PIPE. NON WELDED TANK & PIPES. SUITABLE FOR ALL CAPACITY OF OVERHEAD TANKS. SUITABLE FOR ALL TYPES OF WATER. How This System Works : Solar tank fills up when your overhead tank is filled through pump & automatically stops as there is ball valve and when overflow of terrace storage tank motor is manually stopped. 1) Mixing Problem : Conventional solar water heaters require additional elevated overhead tank by that there is mixing problem. Suppose at 5am, 6am, 7am hot water is drawn from the system, there is mixing of cold with hot water & the 4th bucket will be cold water only. As there is no overhead tank for Sun Ray Water Heater whatever hot water is ready, say 60
July 2012
degree, the same temperature hot water can be drawn up to the last drop. 2) No Overhead Tank : Additional cost of Rs. 8,000/- is saved & cleaning of elevated tank will not be needed, which is compulsory in conventional solar water heaters. 3) No Long Air Vent & Non Hose Pipe : Small air vent is provided witch is non welded. Long air vent is major complaint in conventional system due to wind and welding. 4) Non-Welded Tank & Pipes : Conventional systems are all welded and there are chances of tank leakage due to hard water after some years. Pipes have
silicon washers 5) Suitable For All Capacities of Overhead Tank : In big apartments, there will be 10,000 & above litres of overhead RCC tank. Our smallest system of 100LPD can be connected directly from that overhead tank i.e. , no separate pressurized system is required. 6) Suitable for All Type of Water : As the tank and pipes are non-welded, this new system is suitable for all kinds of water and even the evacuated tubes are of58mm diameter. Already more than 100 systems are satisfactorily working in Hubli & Dharawad, Bangalore, Belguam, Davangere & Ilkal of Karnataka state.
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
25
Policy
Turning Rajasthan into a Global Solar Hub Rajasthan is a royal reservoir of the power of sun. The traditions of the state also hold the sun in high regard as a provider of health, vigour and even riches. The Royal families of Rajasthan trace the origin of their ancestors to the mighty Sun in the days of old. In these modern times the government will invoke the sun again as a source of might and prosperity. The government has decided to lift the status of Rajasthan to the top position in the country. Rajasthan will be a model for other provinces in making use of the abundantly available solar power . The state will move in steps, not all at once. Effective from 19.04.11 the policy thus chalked out has the following aims and promotes solar energy in a phased manner. A. Developing a global hub of solar power of 10000-12000 MW capacity in next 10-12 years to meet energy requirements of Rajasthan and India.
B. Contributing to long term energy security of Rajasthan as well as ecological security by reduction in carbon emissions. Providing a long term sustainable solution for meeting energy needs and considerably reducing dependence on depleting fossil fuel resources like coal, oil and gas.
facilities. G.Creating an R&D hub for deployment of various combinations of solar power technologies and solar based hybrid cogeneration technologies which will focus on improving efficiency in existing applications, reducing cost of balance of system.
C. Productive use of abundant wastelands, thereby utilizing the nonindustrialized desert area for creation of an industrial hub.
H. To achieve the grid parity in next 7-8 years, the State will encourage the Solar Power Developers to establish manufacturing plant of their technology in Rajasthan.
D. Creating favorable conditions to solar manufacturing capabilities by providing fiscal incentives. E. Generating large direct and indirect employment opportunities in solar and allied industries like glass, metals, heavy industrial equipments etc. F. Creation of skilled and semi-skilled man power resources through promotion of technical and other related training
I. Establishment of an industrial set-up involving both domestic and foreign m a n p o w e r participation which will promote Rajasthan as a global tourist destination. J. Create a solar center of excellence which would work towards applied r e s e a r c h a n d commercialization of nascent technologies to accelerate the march to grid parity.
Policy
The idea is to harness solar power so both thermal and photovoltaic technologies will be encouraged. The government, committed to free enterprise for economic development and creating employment supports private sector to come in and take advantage of what the government offers. There are not only monetary incentives but also promotional props available today. A ready market is available for what is produced and supplied to the grid. Also land will be procured and provided on concessional terms. The state has proceeded to establish SEEZs, or Solar Energy Enterprises Zones in the districts of Barmer, Jaisalmer and Jodhpur for entrepreneurs willing to harness solar thermal, solar photovoltaics (SPV), solar chimney etc. techn o l o g i e s . A c c o r d i n g t o official sources, 'An International solicitation recently issued by Rajasthan has yielded two 50 MW solar PV power stations as well as one solar chimney project (200 MW) to be operated on an Independent Power Production (IPP) basis.' The plant using thermal medium and has parabolic mirrors to focus the power of the sun to and drive the turbine to produce power is capital intensive but its output falls cheap as the rate of produced power is less. Here storage is the key to getting high yield. Besides this the Indian Government is about to complete a huge new power station using hybrid systems in the state. . This fossil fuel/solar hybrid power plant is expected to supply a huge 140 megawatts of electric power, out of which 40 megawatt will be produced from a large array of solar parabolic troughs. The role of RREC is crucial. It has spelt out what the government provides for
July 2012
electricity production nonconventional sources (2004)
by
the possibilities of setting up installed capacity exceeding 100,000 MW.
Exemption from Electricity Duty: Consumption of electricity generated by Eligible Power Producers for its captive use or for sale to a nominated third party will be exempted from Electricity Duty @ 50% for a period of 7 years from COD
The State Government is highly optimistic in this regard based on the response from the private sector. The state has been receiving several proposals. Potential investors have come forward to set up solar power plants in various locations in the state. As many as forty-nine solar project proposals totaling of 1524.MW have been registered and many more investors are keen to set up solar power projects in the State.
l
RREC is the nodal agency in the State to promote renewable energy projects, its role includes facilitation of investment in solar power projects in the State. In other words it will oversee an investment of the order of Rs 20,000crores as per the anticipated installation of solar power plants of the capacity of 1524MW.
Intermittent Problem Soled by Hybrid Plant
A new rate for solar power has been set in India. It is a rate which may be about the lowest anywhere in the world for utility projects. The new tariffs have been undertaken by solar power developers with plants in Rajasthan. Their names are Solairedirect S A of France which tops them all with the lowest rate of just over Rs.7 per unit while Green Infra Solar Farms of India has the highest with a tariff of just over Rs.9. Between them are Mahindra, Welspun Solar AP and Azure Power. All five will locate their plants in Rajasthan under batch 2 phase 2 of the NSM's reverse bidding process and have them completed before March 2013. In the years to come Rajasthan will be able to provide power to the neighbouring states instead of procuring it from them. In other words, the state will become surplus in energy.
Grant of incentives available to industries: - Generation of electricity from Non-conventional Energy Sources hall be treated as eligible industry under the schemes administered by Industries Department and incentives available to industrial units under such schemes shall also be available to the Power Producers. l Single Window Clearance: A State Level Empowered Committee consisting of following will provide single window c l e a r a n c e o n proposals received for developing the power plants based on Non Conventional Energy Sources. l The Government land required for power projects based on non conventional sources of energy shall be allotted to the power producer at concessional rates viz, 10% of DLC rates Rajasthan is likely to emerge as the power house of the country with l
27
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
Shri Krsna Sudarshan Urja
At the Door of Explosive Growth In the new and fast rising sector of alternative sources of energy Shri Krsna Sudarshan Urja stands to carve out a high pedestal for itself among the top industries of the country as government along with international agencies, keen to combat global warming, are pouring funds into renewable energy. And this magazine shows how the funds are being placed and where technology is being
discoms of Rajasthan where it is located though its market is much larger. Being an NSIC member it has access to other states of the country that are industrially well-developed like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. Shri Krsna Sudarshan Urja manufactures distribution
In this huge expanse skilled workmen do not find it difficult to manufacture a thousand transformers every month, more so, when a full range of processing is at their disposal. The range includes core cutting and wrapping, manufacturing of wound core, annealing, coil winding, core coil assembly, tanking, painting, pressure testing, quality assurance and final testing of the transformer. A large of number of ratings and designs are manufactured. Tests carried out by ERDA, Baroda, on them have certified the single and three phase transformers. And all kinds of transformers are included - with internally mounted oil immersed circuit breakers, externally mounted LT MCCB, those mounted with DT Metering Box along with GSM Modem.
Samples of a Wide Range of Transformers the Company Is Making developed so if Shri Krsna Sudarshan Urja takes relevant action as it goes along, it will shine in the coming future of new technologies even as it performs well in the current market. Shri Krsna Sudarshan Urja has its presence in one of the most growing fields of today, namely energy, -- the hottest subject for all the nations. The world is discussing energy to expand as well as find new ways of generating it. But generation is one aspect. The other equally important part is distribution. And Shri Krsna Sudarshan Urja is well-entrenched in distribution. Shri Krsna Sudarshan Urja has successfully gained an 'A' class registration in the most important
July 2012
transformers that cover a whole range: from as small as 5KVA to going up to as high as 500 KVA. These transformers play an important part in carrying power from place to place. In fact unless the voltage is not leveled it will be very difficult to transmit power and this is where the company finds its main role in energy. In order to execute this role Shri Krsna Sudarshan Urja has built up 25,000 ft2 on a plot of 6,000 yds2in Jaipur. The special feature here is a huge interior with no columns - it makes the whole environment charged with aesthetic appeal. To add to this grandeur are galvalume colour coated cladding sheets supplemented by trimex dewatered concrete floor and welldesigned electrical layout.
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The facility that Shri Krsna Sudarshan Urja Project Ltd. , Jaipur, has built has made the company versatile. It is capable of undertaking large jobs. This is the reason why it awaits the fulfillment of the big promise of a special role in the times to come when other forms of energy are developed. The name Shri Krsna tells a lot about the Group. It is not the name of a partner or founder or owner but the name of the Lord. The company has as its core the philosophy that never fails but always brings progress when practiced in letter and spirit. This philosophy is - 'Think and understand that all belongs to the Great One - Lord Krsna, so working means working for that Divinity'. Shri Krsna Sudershan Urja Pvt. Ltd. has a bright future in the new world of renewable energy as well.
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
Wind Power
Trends in Turbines There is a movement towards new turbine design as the need for alternative energy rises. Instead of harnessing only powerful winds the
new wind energy capacity in 2012. The Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) anticipates that by the end of 2016, total global wind power capacity will be just under 500 GW, with an annual market in that year of about 60 GW. The competition between top wind power companies has set them on the course of increasing the size of the turbine blade. 'My turbine blade in bigger than your turbine blade' is the .quiet tone. expressed in the industry. Alstom is coming up with a huge blade. It is the world's longest - over 70 metre - being readied in collaboration. L M Wind Power is making the blade for Alstom. Alstom and LM Wind Power, have entered a strategic partnership to develop the world's longest wind turbine blade ever produced. The new blade is a unique development designed specifically for Alstom's next L M Wind Power's Giant Creation for Alstom generation 6-megawatt (MW) offshore wind turbine. inclination for exploiting low speed winds Alfonso Faubel, Alstom Power's Wind is growing. The idea is to be able to business Vice President, said: "LM generate more so that costs can be Wind Power's quality technology lowered. The trend thus has placed a perfectly complements our innovative premium on longer blades which can wind turbine development capability. achieve the desired objectives. As a result We have a partner of undoubted big offshore machines have been created pedigree, a proven track record on and have been put to trial. There are offshore blade development and the companies which have established their global manufacturing presence and credentials as leaders of the industry and development resources to support our they are known worldwide. offshore growth plans. The close collaboration of both companies in They have readied machines for offshore wind will deliver best in class commercial debuts as the production of technology to help bring down the wind power gathers momentum. COE, and a highly competitive market According to forecasts the global wind offering that will help us become a industry will install more than 46 GW of 32
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
leader in the global offshore wind energy market." Roland SundĂŠn, CEO LM Wind Power Group, said: "I am confident that Alstom's innovative turbines flying the world's longest blades from LM Wind Power will give them a clear COE advantage, and we are very pleased to extend our excellent working relations with Alstom into this prestigious project. The key to success in offshore, given that you have a quality wind turbine, is strength of balance sheet, project management skills and power engineering experience. LM Wind Power recognizes Alstom's clear advantages in this respect compared to many others in offshore." The company's 6 MW Haliade 150 has spent almost a year undergoing tests for its application on the ground. Alstom's 6 MW turbine has been optimised for the UK's Crown Estate Round 3 and other North Sea markets. Two prototypes will be installed in a preseries in 2013 (the final rollout step before full commercialisation), and series production in 2014. In January Alstom and EDF Energies Nouvelles (EDF-EN) announced that, using this turbine, they would bid jointly for projects under the recently launched 3 GW French offshore wind tender. Though Siemens is a big name in the industry it has not been able to act as quickly as some of the others in the same category. There were plans the company was reported to have implemented for this segment of the market as it seems to hold the maximum growth but it has not yet come up anything that will soon go into commercialisation. Alstom, in the meanwhile, has inaugurated the largest offshore wind turbine in the world, near Saint-Nazaire.
July 2012
Event
6th Renewable Energy India 2012 Expo The number of exhibitions on renewable energy has increased significantly but most of them are focused on display and business. However, the world is passing through a recession in which financial and monetary stability have become fragile. As a result funding solar or
recognised as Asia's largest event on renewable. It sprawls over 28,000 sqm at the state of the art India Expo Centre, Greater Noida facility. Leading international and domestic trade association and media have extended their support for the success of the event.
The rich B4B exhibitor profile provides opportunity for all industry players to network on a common platform, identify potential clients and learn about market trends and challenges. The event enjoys the support of the Government of India. It has the backing of the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy and the Ministry of Power. UBM India Acquires Asia's Largest Event on Renewables In a major industry move, the series of Renewable Energy India Expos have been acquired by UBM plc on behalf of UBM Asia, from Exhibitions India Pvt Ltd.
wind or other renewable project has also turned somewhat tricky. Under the circumstances the 6th Renewable Energy India 2012 Expo has a relevant thrust. It presents innovative finance models to accelerate the development of collaborative R&D and technology transfers to India even as it serves as a global platform to address policy initiatives and presents equipment and highlights growing opportunities in the country. The 6th edition of this Expo is July 2012
The demand for power has been increasing in India due to the growth in the Country's economy. Over the last 10 years, energy and peak demand shortage averaged around 8% and 12% r e s p e c t i v e l y . Renewable energy accounts for ~11% of the total power generation of 170 GW installed in India. Wind energy, with an installed capacity of ~14 GW, accounts for the bulk of installed renewable energy capacity in India. There is significant untapped potential in areas such as off-shore wind as well as tidal and geothermal energy.
33
the exhibitor product profile of the event is truly comprehensive: manufacturers of cell and module encapsulation, crystal growth equipments, diffusion furnaces, laminators, mounting systems, concentrators, trackers and collectors Wire saws and consumables Silicon feedstock, ingot and wafer manufacturing Inverters, charge controllers, batteries and module connectors Photovoltaic (PV) modules, hybrid systems, materials and equipments, Screen-printing and metallization equipments, Solar cells manufacturers, Solar drying and desalination systems, Solar water heating/cooling systems and solar pumps Testing, monitoring systems, project consultants, suppliers of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) and solar thermal engineering, Suppliers of raw materials, System integrators, assemblers and distributors Glass, substrates, coatings, resins, encapsulation materials, films, gases Software solutions and providers of irradiation data Turnkey solution providers, Solar Renewable Energy & Climate Change
Event
At the 6th Renewable Energy India 2012 Expo 3 farm developers and owners, Annual maintenance contractors, Emission monitoring systems, Electrical test and measuring systems, Solar street and billboard lighting systems, WIND ENERGY: Buyers and sellers of old WEGs Civil engineering surveyors and contractors, Component repairers (other than OEMs), Consultants and certification agencies, Electrical and electronics items manufacturers, Freight forwarders, Hydraulic and mechanical items, manufacturers and suppliers, Insurance companies, surveyors, valuers, Operations and maintenance providers, Stand-alone small aero-generator, manufacturers & Training providers, WEG erection contractors, spares, components, tools and lubricants manufacturers, Wind electric generator (WEG) manufacturers, Wind monitoring and analysis systems suppliers, Assessment and forecasting service providers, Wind-Solar hybrid power system, integrators, Wind farm owner BIO ENERGY: Analytical instruments, manufacturers and service providers Bio-diesel, bio-ethanol distributors or 34 Renewable Energy & Climate Change
refining companies, Bio-diesel dispensing and mixing equipment manufacturers, Biomass heating and drying equipment manufacturers, Bioreactor, boiler, turbine and turbogenerator manufacturers & consultants HYDRO ENERGY: Component manufacturers, Consultants and certification agencies, Digital simulator manufacturers, Electrical, mechanical and civil contractors, Manufacturers and suppliers of generators, control equipment manufacturers, Hydro turbine manufacturers, Mechanical and hydraulic items manufacturers and supplier, Performance testing equipment manufacturers COGENERATION: Automation measuring and control systems, Complete plant solution providers, Project developers, Financial institutions and investors, Utility planners and organizations, Equipment suppliers and service providers Consultants GEOTHERMAL ENERGY: Component manufacturers, Contractors, Drilling engineering consultants, Manufacturers of circuit
protector devices, Manufacturers of geothermal, heat and ring compressors pumps, Manufacturers of L.P drills and air drilling tools, Manufacturers of mechanical chart reader, Manufacturers of high temperature gauges, Recovered Energy Generation (REG) plant operators, Service providers ENERGY EFFI CI EN CY : Energy ef f i ci ent equipments for power generation, transmission and distribution Industrial and decorative lighting equipment, luminaries, fixtures and accessories, Manufacturers of motors and pumps, Manufacturers of LED and charge controllers, Green information & communications technologies (ICT) EVS/HEVs: vehicles (EVs) manufacturers, 2, 3 and 4 wheelers, Hydrogen and fuel cells, Battery technologies Renewable Energy India is an annual exposition held in New Delhi to serve the Indian renewable energy market in leading sustainable development globally. It focuses on upscaling and mainstreaming environment-friendly renewable energy resources such as July 2012
Event
Dr. Abdullah Minister of New & Renewable Energy solar, wind, biomass, bio-fuel, small hydro and geothermal, through an international exhibition and conference platform There are some highlight features of the Expo such as: it opens the 3rd best investment destination in renewable energy sector globally, Jawahar Lal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) aims to generate 1 GW of grid connected solar power by 2013, 5 GW by 2017 and 20 GW by 2022. The mission also envisages 500 MW of grid-tied CSP by 2013 and 10 GW by 2022. Indian clean energy sector is a US $20bn opportunity annually. The installed capacity for wind energy has grown at a CAGR of 19% to reach ~14 GW in FY 11. 7 of the top 10 global wind turbine manufacturers have manufacturing facilities in India. The total potential of small hydro power and biomass energy is estimated at 15GW and 18 GW respectively. the cleantech sector has the potential to generate 10 mn jobs in India by 2025. The event is taking place at India Expo Centre, Greater Noida National Capital Region of Delhi, from 7th to 9th November, 2012. Few among national leaders can claim to be as versatile as Dr. F. Abdullah. He just does not have some hobbies like reading but he is a
July2012
practicing physician. And since 1981 he has been a major figure in India's government. Now as Union Minister of New & Renewable Energy in Prime Minister's Cabinet he has made a name in the sector all over the world.
Though developing countries may have a reputation for dragging their feet when it comes to deploying new technologies India stands apart from that repute. It does not figure in that list of reluctant green developers. India is known to have done better than the others. The credit for this goes to the Minister. He has portrayed the picture of India as a country concerned with climate change and not only willing to take steps but has already done so in a big way. According to Dr. F. Abdullah, “Renewable power is the future of the energy sector.” He pointed out that India had increased renewables in the energy mix of the country by as much as 400 per cent. This figure, it is hard to deny, is truly exceptional for any country to achieve. Dr. Abdullah explained how he could do it in five years time. There are a number of measures he took as a Minister of New & Renewable Energy. Dr. Farooq Abdullah's Innovations He came up with energy for energy access. He did not go just for capacity in handing down incentives and credits but based the credit on actual generation. He made a move towards Renewable Energy Certificates. Another major innovation was the bid the solar developer had to make to qualify himself
35
for the special rate or FiT that the government offered him for supply of power. India has an installed base of 22,000 MW renewable based capacity which is 11% of India's total generating capacity in the last five years. Another 30 GW will be added in the next five years. Adding 22 GW contributes 5% to the total energy mix which means an increase of 400 per cent in five years.
Dr. Farooq Abdullah announced in his trips abroad that India is more than willing to extend her cooperation for the cause of promoting new technologies. These efforts could take the form of bilateral initiatives or multilateral moves and through IRENA where required. According to him India will be happy to leverage its resources to help build capacity . If the task needs resource assessment there is no difficulty in taking it up as well. India has experience in large grid connected projects as much as in decentralised ones and is ready to offer any assistance required. There are other plans in the offing which will be supplementary to the ongoing. Thus India is playing a positive role in fighting climate change. Clearly, the country has a story different from other countries to tell the world. “I want renewable energy systems to reach every individual and natural energy-based systems to play a significant role in the country's development. I want that at least one renewable energy system reaches in every house. I mplementation and availability of off-grid ren e wable systems would be a new dimension in the 12 th Plan.” According to Dr. Farooq Abdullah, “The single biggest trend in 2011 was the steep decline in the per unit cost of grid connected solar power.”
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Opportunity in East Africa East Africa has a considerably high potential of geothermal energy but for want of funds, technology and capital equipment the progress to extract heat from the earth is slow in spite of the ready willingness of the countries in the region. But recent developments may give the countries a leading edge in drawing energy from within the earth and applying it to development. United States Agency for Development is coming forward to support East Africa along with United States Geothermal Energy Association in a public private partnership. The expertise and technology at the disposal of the GEA continues to grow and can be put to use with USAID turning favourable to taking this initiative further. The two have signed an MOU to develop the geothermal resources of East Africa. “This partnership is not just between USAID and GEA, but also between America and the people of East Africa. Developing the tremendous, virtually untapped geothermal resources of East Africa will have huge benefit to the region, and U.S. firms have the expertise
36
and experience to help. Together, we can get the job done and bring clean, reliable power to millions of people,” said Karl Gawell, Executive Director for the U.S. Geothermal Energy Association. At the annual meeting of the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) Forum, USAID's Acting Deputy Assistant Administrator for Africa, Michael Curtis said that the region's geothermal resources have the potential to address power shortages in East African countries along the Rift Valley. “America is a leader in geothermal energy technology, and the utilization of this type of clean energy is relatively untapped in Africa. This partnership offers tremendous opportunities for U.S. geothermal companies to become major players in East Africa,” said Michael Curtis. Besides the United States, Europe and Asia have also been active in the field lately. From Europe development banks where as from China and Japan development funds have shown interest. Some American companies are already in operation. In East Africa Orpat is a company which has presence in the
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
Olkaria field of Kenya. Similarly Geothermal Development Associates are not only in Kenya but also in Ethiopia. The economies of countries in East Africa, as in many other parts of the world, are powered by the oil-fired generation. It is rather an expensive form of energy. The situation became worse when the droughts recently hit the region and more energy was required. The expenditure shot up on account of electricity. At the same time the people had to suffer more emissions despite the presence of a rich source of clean energy. East Africa, and as a matter of fact the whole continent, favours clean energy. Given its resource East Africa has the opportunity to power its economy with geothermal energy. Such being the case the coming of US into the territory is consequential. The developed country will bring along the best technologies for the development of this resource. Under this arrangement both East Africa and US stand to benefit. East Africa will gain expertise and technology while US will increase its exposure to the market. East Africa will
July2012
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
be able to train its manpower while US will become more familiar with opportunities and assess the risks involved in the new field. Kenya is going ahead with Menegai II. It is a large project considering the size of the country's economy, more so, because it is a renewable energy project. Where renewable energy is concerned countries, even the developed ones, proceed with caution. But Kenya is keen about getting off its current reliance on diesel.
It is eager to apply geothermal energy. It is not new for the country. What is new is the new effort to draw much more from the earth than the current installed capacity of 1330 MW. The new initiative will be made by Geothermal Development Coroporation, owned by the Government of Kenya dedicated to pull out at least 5,000MW of geothermal
but also causes massive pollution. This is not tolerated in that country. Probably the beauty and bountiful nature of the country makes the people of Kenya averse to emissions. In comparison, the other countries that stand at the level of Kenya's development do not seem to be as concerned about clean environment as GDC.
four equity firms to fund the Menengai II project in which 120 wells will be drilled and their steam sold to power generators such as Kenya Electricity Generating Company (KenGen). Under the deal, GDC will provide between 20 per cent and 40 per cent of the capital, with the investors contributing the rest. Each investor will, however, be required to raise at least Sh17 billion ($200 million) to be short listed.
But ask those who have visited Kenya and they will tell you how important fresh air is because they discover, ‘clean fresh air keeps people vibrant and vital and lets them enjoy life and grow
“GDC intends to engage four equity investors who will each get the opportunity to jointly develop 200 megawatts of steam with GDC at its Menengai Phase II scheme,” the company said in a statement.
Geothermal Nation’s Invitation to Lake Nakuru
A rig at the Menengai geothermal project Daily Nation
power by 2030 though the country's potential is estimated in the range of 7000MW to 10,000MW. Kenya relies on hydropower. However the volatile nature of this source forces the use of expensive diesel. The crude is not just costly July 2012
In short, new initiatives have started and will develop the technology of geothermal
Kenya’s Ambitious geothermal Project is on
prosperous and happy'. Geothermal Development Corporation is seeking bids for equity investments to finance Menengai II project up to $800 million for geothermal power development. “The state-owned firm is seeking a joint venture with
energy further and over a period of time the lessons learnt and knowledge accumulated will help other countries also deploy this clean source energy. In the meanwhile countries in Africa are trying to set up large plants and going clean. 37 Renewable Energy & Climate Change
Australia
Mechanism for Boosting Renewable Sources Australian policy has developed a structure to promote the use of energy from renewable sources. There are grants made available if fossil fuel electricity is replace d by new energy and such replacement is certified by competent authority. There are certificates issued on the basis which grants are given to encourage the use of renewable energy for products.
Kinds of Certificates
energy power stations. One LGC is equivalent to 1 MWh (megawatt hour) of eligible renewable electricity generated above the power station's baseline. Small-scale Technology Certificates Small-scale technology certificates (STCs) are created in the online REC Registry for correctly installed eligible solar water heaters, heat pumps, and small-scale solar panels, wind, and hydro systems One STC is equivalent to 1 MWh
system and produce 20 Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs). Till
date, that is, from 2007 onwards the government has funded over 255,000 rebates in excess of $323 million in which renewable Energy Bonus Scheme helped eligible home-owners, landlords or tenants replace electric storage hot water systems with solar or heat pump hot water systems. Under REBS, eligible households could claim a rebate of $1,000 for
Australia harnessing spray on solar power
In the beginning the commodity in the market according to the country's policy was called a 'Renewable Energy Certificate' or just REC. This was for a decade from 2001 to 2010. Then REBS were classified. Instead of one they fell in two categories: “Large-scale Generation Certificates” (LGCs) and “Small-scale Technology Certificates” (STCs). Large-scale Generation Certificates Large-scale generation certificates (LGCs) are created in the online REC Registry by renewable
38
(megawatt hour) of renewable electricity generated by the solar panel, small-scale wind or small-scale hydro system (unless the Solar Credits multiplier applies); or electricity displaced by the installation of a solar water heater or heat pump.
Initially in the solar market hot water heater became the most common so solar water heater rebates were introduced. This was in 2007 as these replaced electric water heating systems. On these grants of up to AU$ 1,000 are offered provided these systems replace an electric heating
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
a solar hot water system or $600 for a heat pump hot water system. But households do not have much to worry about as they can avail benefits under Small-scale Renewable Energy Scheme if they install solar and heat pump hot water systems of the climate friendly variety. They will receive a number of Small-scale Technology Certificates (STCs). The STCs are given an Upfront discount from retailers on systems in exchange July2012
Australia
What is the Scheme? The Small-scale Renewable Energy Scheme is to provide STCs to those who install solar water heaters, heat pumps, solar panel systems, small-scale wind systems, or small-scale hydro systems according to the amount of electricity
they produce or displace. These certificates are in demand by the RET-liable entities as they are legally mandated to buy the STCs and surrender them on an quarterly basis. Eligibility Criteria lThose solar water heater or heat pump installations are eligible which are new and listed in the Register of Solar Water Heaters managed by the Clean Energy Regulator. l Small-scale solar, wind and hydro systems are eligible if: l the system is new; l its components are listed in the Clean Energy Council list of accredited components l it is installed correctly by a Clean Energy Council accredited installer; l it is installed on an eligible premises (only required if claiming Solar Credits)
July 2012
l it complies with all local, State, and Federal requirements for its type of installation. l Documentation for small-scale systems, demonstrating compliance with the legislated requirements, must be completed and signed by the owner, installer, and/or Registered Agent (as
displace, eligible small-scale systems are entitled to create small-scale technology certificates (STCs) in that proportion. lThe number of certificates a system can create is based on the amount of electricity in megawatt hours (MWh): produced by the small-scale solar panel, wind or hydro system, over the course of its lifetime of up to 15 years; or ldisplaced by the solar water heater or heat pump, over the course of its lifetime of up to 10 years. lThis number may vary depending on geographic location, what kind of system is being installed, solar credits eligibility, and/or the size and capacity of the installed system. lSTC ownership is generally vested in the owner of the small-scale system being installed, but STCs can be assigned using a STC Assignment Form to a third-party agency, such as a retailer or installer. lThese agencies must be registered with the Clean Energy Regulator and are known as “Registered Agents�. lRegistered Agents co-ordinate the purchase and installation of systems for the owners. They provide a financial benefit (such as a discount off the invoiced price of purchase and installation) to owners in exchange for the right to create and sell the STCs lThis financial benefit, which is generally based around the price of STCs at the time, ensures that the price of small-scale systems remains within reach of householders, and encourages the installation of more systems. lSTCs are created by owners directly in the online REC Registry. They must be correctly created and validated in the REC Registry before they can be made available for purchase and surrender.
appropriate), and able to be produced if requested by the Clean Energy Regulator. l
Ongoing support for households The Australian Government is continuing to support households to install climatefriendly hot water systems under the Small-scale Renewable Energy Scheme . Under this scheme, solar and heat pump hot water systems are assigned a number of Small-scale Technology Certificates (STCs). Retailers usually offer an upfront discount on systems in exchange for the STCs.
Certificate surrender
Certificate creation and assignment benefits for owners
RET Liable entities must surrender the STCs to the Clean Energy Regulator that they have purchased during the year to prove they have met their required surrender amount. l When certificates are surrendered, they are l
lBased on how much renewable electricity the systems produce or
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Renewable Energy & Climate Change
Australia
lmarked as invalid in the REC Registry. They cannot any longer be sold, traded, or purchased. l RET Liable entities need to surrender STCs in April, July, October and February of each calendar year, to meet their quarterly liability requirements. l If a RET liable entity does not
demand in the market for renewable energy, over and above the mandated requirement. The purpose of the schemes The intention of the schemes is to encourage the additional generation
l
Solar Power Station in Austrilya surrender its required number of STCs in a quarter, it will be liable to pay a shortfall charge, currently set at $65 per STC not surrendered. l Owners of STCs may also voluntarily surrender their STCs at any time. Any person with STCs registered to them in the REC Registry can voluntarily surrender their STCs; this includes owners, Agents, and RET liable entities. l RET Liable entities may voluntarily surrender STCs separately to their mandatory liability set by the STP. For example, when a householder opts to use electricity from renewable energy sources the liable entity can buy certificates equivalent to the householder's electricity usage and voluntarily surrender these certificates to the Clean Energy Regulator. l Voluntary surrender creates further
40
of electricity from renewable sources; reduce emissions of greenhouse gases in the electricity sector; and l ensure that renewable energy sources are ecologically sustainable. l
This is achieved by l the creation of online certificates by eligible renewable energy sources based on the amount of electricity in megawatt hours (Mwh): l generated by a renewable energy power station, or small-scale solar panel, wind or hydro system; or l displaced by a solar water heater or heat pump; and l placing a legal obligation on RET liable entities (usually electricity retailers) to purchase and surrender a certain amount of these certificates each year. Thus a mechanism is established whereby these certificates provide
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
financial incentive for investment in renewable energy power stations, and for the installation of solar water heaters, heat pumps apart from smallscale solar panel, wind and hydro systems. The certificates are created and traded through the REC Registry, an Internetbased registry managed by the Clean Energy Regulator. Since 2001, this mechanism has increased the number of installations of small-scale renewable energy systems, and stimulated investment in renewable energy power stations. At the end of 2010 total investment in large-scale renewable energy power stations stood at around $9 billion. The generating capability of renewable power stations was around 12,200 gigawatt hours (GWh) of eligible renewable energy per typical year. This is equivalent to the residential electricity needs of over 1.9 million households. The success can be judged by the increase in figures of installations and capacity build-up. From 2001 to 2009, 86,000 solar panel systems were installed with a combined capacity of 123 megawatts (MW). In 2010 there were over 158,000 solar panel installations with a combined capacity of 305 MW. The Power of the Schemes Stems from The Renewable Energy (Ele c tricity) Act 2000 and the accompanying Renewable Energy (Electricity) Regulations 2001 define the requirements of the Large-scale Renewable Energy Target and Small-scale Renewable Energy Scheme. The Act, Regulations, and all a s s o c i a t e d r e q u i r e m e nts are administered by the Clean Energy Regulator, which is a statutory agency under the Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency.
July 2012
EWEA
Setting Records Each year the event brims with activity and enthusiasm about the future. At the same time every year comes up with new problems. Nevertheless, the wind industry is striding forward overcoming hurdles as easily as they come.
session, GĂźnther Oettinger, European Commissioner for Energy, echoed Prime Minister Thorning-Schmidt's concerns. Cutting government support for renewable energy has negative consequences, he said. In these difficult economic times, "renewables support
Growth has come to be synonymous with EWEA and the industry. When all around the mod is somber the wind industry is growing twice as fast as the economy of the European Union. Danish PM Helle Thorning-Schmidt Helle Thorning-Schmidt, Prime Minister of Denmark inaugurated the event. At the opening of the European Wind Energy Association Association's Annual Event, she said in Copenhagen, "This is the place to be for renewable energy and green growth." And with 25,000 jobs in the Danish wind sector, which provides 60 billion in Danish Kroner in exports per year, she's not wrong. Denmark is a bright beacon for the wind industry - by 2020 it aims to meet 50% of its electricity demand with wind power a target which will create 8,000 new jobs. But whilst Denmark's commitment to a greener future remains resolute, across Europe other countries are swapping long-term vision for short-term gain. "In a crisis, political priorities tend to shift - the long term gives away to short term goals and the danger is that green ambitions are lowered," she warned. "But my government believes that the green agenda is about jobs in the short term, and the climate and fuel security in the long run," the prime minister said to a packed auditorium at EWEA's Annual Event. "We need to scale up our investments in Europe's green sector. We need to secure the necessary political target in Brussels and then together we can transform the European economy into a green superpower," she said. Speaking at the EWEA 2012 opening
42
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
Helle Thorning-Schmidt, Prime Minister of Denmark inaugurated the event.
has been used by a scapegoat by governments in economic or financial difficulties. However public deficits are not caused by support for renewables" he said. "We therefore want to pick up on this in the renewable energy strategy that we will publish before the summer," he promised. Wind power must innovate But it's not just about support schemes, it's also about innovations that the wind industry itself can create to bring down costs. Europe is close to reaching 100 GW w i n d e n e r g y cap aci t y , supplying power to 50 million households, Felix Ferlemann, EWEA conference chair and CEO of Siemens Wind Power, said. And the industry has a target of supplying 50% of Europe's electricity demand by 2050. "We must make wind power directly competitive with traditional energy sources‌I am confident that this will happen in the next decade," Ferlemann said. Arthuros Zervos, EWEA President, said in his speech at the opening session that "Onshore wind is already competitive with new gas
and coal - and considerably cheaper than new nuclear". At the start of this year's Annual Event, opened by Crown Prince Frederik of Denmark, innovation is the buzz word that is getting people talking. The conference itself is aiming to be innovative with new lively and popular sessions including one designed like an Oxford debate inviting participants to vote for and against motions on competition from China and securing finance and investment for wind. Are you missing out on the innovation buzz? Find out here how you can attend the Annual Event conference and/or exhibition in Copenhagen. All this is reflected in the robust figures of the event. There were 10,600 participants. In a spread of 12,000m2 of exhibition space there were more than 500 exhibitors. The event has been referred to as the biggest and busiest EWEA annual event to date. Europe's premier wind energy event broke a new record this year with over 400 presenters, 100 expert speakers and 40 conference sessions. Malgosia Bartosik, EWEA's Membership & Events Director, was visibly pleased at how well the conference and exhibition turned out. Praising her staff for all their hard work, Bartosik said she had received many compliments on how sophisticated and professional the conference was. EWEA from 16th to 19th, April, 2012, is supported by Danish Wind Energy Association, Global Wind Energy Council besides European Academy of Wind Energy and European Commission. The event goes to show that Europe will lead the world in wind power when the world capacity is likely to double in the next five years. In other words, those who have not attended EWEA event have to plan to be present in the next show.
July 2012
INTERSOLAR
Innovation AWARD in 2012 From an array of products of two thousand exhibiting companies, the number at Intersolar 2012, it is quite a task to pick up a product which has something new and important about it. That feature has to be innovative. The visitor who has to perform other jobs too apart from spending time looking for a innovative product can find the services of Intersolar useful as the event selects those products which are innovative and identifies these with the award. The products are selected from not one exhibition but all the Intersolar events round the world during the year so the number of companies that apply are many. The award for 2012 was from among three thousand companies. By setting them apart and giving the products which have something special about them Intersolar places them on a high pedestal of attention and respect. Thereby the solar industry, which the solar companies together compose, is encouraged to develop and bring in new 44
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
products. These new developments are honoured so that the function of the product as well as the name of the company is remembered. Intersolar thus builds the image of companies and motivates them to innovate. At the same time a market is created for them. How does Intersolar go about selecting the products? In order to be successful, a solar company has to differentiate itself from the crowd through groundbreaking ideas reflected in technological innovations as per the intention of Intersolar. The AWARD is presented each year. This function is by now established as the industry's flagship and draws worldwide public attention to nominees and winners. Intersolar Europe 2012 hosted the fifth award ceremony. The industryrenowned Intersolar AWARD is annually given out by an independent panel of judges. The award categories for the pioneering products and services are Photovoltaics, Solar Thermal
Technologies and PV Production Technologies (in cooperation with SEMI PV Group). Another category is added this year. It is called Solar Projects in North America for which the award will be presented in a ceremony at Intersolar North America on 10th of this month in San Francisco. Exhibitors at Intersolar Europe, Intersolar North America, Intersolar India and Intersolar China were all eligible to compete for the Intersolar AWARD. This means that more than 3,000 companies are called upon to prove their innovative power. The Intersolar AWARD was presented at Intersolar Europe on June 13, 2012. The new category Solar Projects winners will be announced by the twelfth of this month. Anniversary! For the fifth year, Intersolar awarded outstanding innovations with the Intersolar AWARD. These are mentioned below. July 2012
INTERSOLAR
2012 AWARD Winners Photovoltaics Category MBJ Services GmbH Mobile PV Testcenter MBJ Services GmbH, Hamburg, Germany has developed a Mobile PV Testcenter to test the performance of PV modules. The solution combines
for the first time different ways of measuring the performance of solar modules, such as recording the current-voltage curve, inspecting
electroluminescence and using infrared imagery. A sophisticated LED solar simulator plays a role in this. The jury was impressed by the device's high testing speed and its flexible on-site application: The Testcenter, which has been especially designed for use in the field in harsh surroundings, requires only a limited amount of energy and is capable of testing up to 18 solar modules per hour. The solution is key for the future,
as the large-scale installations constructed over the last two to three years have now reached an age where problems are more likely to occur. The importance of rectifying faults in PV installations is therefore becoming increasingly greater. In addition to developing the technology to do this, MBJ has also used its business model to create a franchise concept to market and sell its Mobile PV Test centers.
SolarEdge Technologies GmbH 3rd generation power optimizer 3 with IndOP technology The company SolarEdge Technologies GmbH, Grasbrunn, Germany has developed a power optimizer for solar modules which regulates the relationship between voltage and
output in accordance with the constantly updated optimums determined for each individual
module (MPPT/Maximum Power Point Tracking). Instead of applying MMPT to each separate module, industry solutions have until now monitored all the modules connected in a series as a whole, disregarding the requirements and specific characteristics of individual modules in terms of solar radiation, temperature and individual performance. The new generation of performance optimizers which is currently being put forward is for the first time compatible with all inverters on the market. The innovative IndOP
technology means that the power optimizer does not require any additional interface to work with inverters produced by other manufacturers. In addition, the solution includes safety functions such as electric arc detection. The jury was won over by the optimizer's increased efficiency and the minimal output loss when used in older PV plants. It regarded the reduction in cost as a key indication that the solution is on its way to becoming increasingly competitive in the market of module-integrated electronic products.
modules in its installation system for flat roofs, SOLON SOLquick. Thanks to this material-efficient technology the modules are well-protected during transportation and easy to install. The brackets are fitted to the solar module ex works, meaning assembly is quick, easy and does not require any tools, and the module fastening stage can be skipped. The modules are suitable for installation onto a variety of roof types, either through self-stabilization, the
use of ballasts or by penetrating them through the roof. Since metal is not used, they do not require grounding. The module support structures are made from wood fiber and a thermoplastic polymer, making them low in weight. The jury pays tribute to the fact that SOLON Corporation kept the overall costs in mind when developing its installation system, and that during the manufacturing stage the modules and brackets are fixed together so that they are ready to be fitted to the flat roofs.
Solon Corporation SOLON SOLquick S o l o n Corporation, Tucson, USA is an internationally o p e r a t i n g manufacturer of solar modules, specializing in turnkey solutions. Solon uses frameless July 2012
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Renewable Energy & Climate Change
INTERSOLAR
Solar Thermal Technologies Tigi Ltd. - Honeycomb Collector
Tigi Ltd., Petah Tikva, Israel has developed a passive overheating
protection system for collectors called the Honeycomb Collector. With the new system maximum absorber temperature and long-term collector stability can be achieved at the same time. A transparent cover made from polycarbonates on the side of the
collector facing the sun makes sure that convective and radiative heat loss is kept to a minimum. The jury believes this solution to be pioneering, as the new design developed to provide protection from overheating is also made from costeffective plastic material.
TVP Solar SAMT-Power The MT-Power flat plate collector by T V P Solar S A , Geneva , Switzerland stands out thanks to its particularly high thermal output. The technology used in the collector,
which is certified by Solar KEYMARK, is based on a combination of highvacuum isolation with an even geometry, allowing the heat transfer fluid to continuously flow through a vacuum. As maintenance work is not required, the efficiency, longevity and profitability of the system are increased. The jury was also impressed by the flat
plate collector's favorable priceperformance ratio and the potential it offers for developing new areas of application for solar thermal technologies in the future. For example, generating process heat greater than 100째C could be used to run solar thermal chillers with multiple settings.
Soltigua - Laterizi Gambettola SRL - PTMx - parabolic trough mirror By developing its parabolic trough collector, PTMx, the company Soltigua Laterizi Gambettola SRL, Gambettola, Italy has for the first time successfully created an inexpensive
and highly effective thin-glass reflector. The parabolically curved glass is highly reflective and is extremely abrasion and weather resistant. The jury was impressed by the solution's outstanding level of
efficiency and profitability, the latter of which results from the use of absorber tubes without a vacuum during manufacture and a new, weld-free connection technique during installation which also increases operational safety.
PV Production Technologies Isra Surface Vision GmbH In-line multispectral dual photo-luminescence inspection system Solar cells must be capable of meeting the most stringent demands, while functioning fault-free. The multispectral photoluminescence inspection system Multispectral Dual by Isra Surface Vision GmbH, Herten, Germany is able to test this while solar cells are actually being produced. The
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Renewable Energy & Climate Change
innovative error detection technology developed by the company, which specializes in optical measuring techniques, uses various filters to analyze two spectra.
The levels of resistance are measured quickly and contact-free. The system is capable of being used inline and includes a classification system for different types of defect. The analysis speed and high precision with which the errors are detected stood out to the jury as being particularly innovative.
July 2012
INTERSOLAR
Schott Solar AG, Gebr. Schmid GmbH TinPad In collaboration with Schott Solar AG, Mainz, Germany, Gebr. Schmid
GmbH, Freudenstadt, Germany, has developed a new metallization
process, TinPad, which entirely foregoes the need for busbars made from expensive silver when constructing rear side contacts on the solar cells. Until now these were needed to attach the soldering strips directly onto the aluminum rear sides.
The technology removes the inconvenient oxide film from the aluminum rear sides, and instead coats them with tin. The winning factor was primarily the cost efficiency in terms of raw materials and the reduction of steps needed for cell production.
distinguishedby its ability to take measurements at very high speeds as precisely as possible. Its extremely low costsshould play a part in achieving grid parity in the future.The jury praised the patented contact system for its short standstill
time, ease of maintenance and cycle time of one second. Further advantages include its maintenancefriendly design, extremely l o n g service life and the way in which it attaches to the solar cells without causing them any damage.
Pasan SA SpotLIGHT 1sec Pasan SA, Neuch창tel, Switzerland has
developed a solar cell tester, SpotLIGHT 1sec, which is
INTERSOLAR
New Intersolar AWARD Category for Solar Projects A new prize category, entitled Solar Projects, has been added to the Intersolar AWARD for 2012. In addition to the wellestablished prizes for
Photovoltaics, Solar Thermal Technologies and PV Production Technologies, the 2012 Intersolar AWARD will, for the first time, pay tribute to
outstanding projects in the new category: Solar Projects in North America. Projects in the following fields are eligible for submission.
Solar Building Building integration (zero-energy and energy-plus concepts) of photovoltaics and solar thermal technologies to generate electricity, heat and cooling for buildings. The primary consideration will be how concepts are implemented from aesthetic . and architectural points of view.
Industrial and Commercial Use Projects selected in this section are large, however, these may not necessarily be as large as those which are in the utility section. Here the use of solar energy is for industrial production and supplying commercial building.
Utility Scale Projects Project for this part are those which are intended to reach the consumer in the household as well as in business; these are PV power plants (commercial installations and large-scale power plants) Solar thermal power plants.
WFES
Come Clean, Go Green International exhibitions may be growing by the dozen but the event that really pulls together the entire phaeton one platform is World Future Energy Summit. Yet its subject is such that nations tend to fall apart
when assembled for meetings. However WFES is just the event where the UN's Secretary General, BanKi-moon, President of the United Nations General Assembly, global CEOs, key
industry pla y e r s a n d i n n o v a t o r s apart from heads of states like the Chinese Premier or the Korean Prime Minister discussed issues facing the new world of the 21st century.
The details of the event of 2012 speak volumes about the growth and influence of WFES. 53
official delegations
690
media representatives
137
countries represented
623
exhibiting companies from 37 countries
934
conference delegates
153
keynote and expert speakers
3,200
opening ceremony delegates
26,200 attendees In a bid to raise awareness on the scope and global stature of the Zayed Future Energy Prize in Asia and invite a
stronger participation for the 2013 edition of the awards, Dr Nawal AlHosany, Director, Zayed Future
Energy Prize, met with leading industry leaders and global corporations in Japan during a recent visit to Tokyo. As part of the global movement to control emissions and check climate change WFES is one place where differences melt. The thorny subjects are laid aside to clear the way for agreements and applications in a spirit to resolve problems. The emerging solutions forge the path ahead for the future. Each year the event has expanded to include more and more of what is relevant for the right growth of the world.
WFES
Dr Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber
As a matter of routine the World Future Energy Summit (WFES) 2013 will thus bring together global leaders in policy, technology and business to discuss and shape the future of renewable energy, building on the success of WFES 2012. As a matter of expansion WFES 2013 will include something as important as energy if not more. This is water. January for the coming event will mark the first year of the International Water Summit which will be held in conjunction with the World Future Energy Summit. The strategy of the twin events of WFES and the Water Summit is to bring out the nexus of water and energy. The International Water Summit is the only event that will focus specifically on the challenges of this inter-relationship within arid environments. The event will include a political summit, expert conference and exhibition for delegates and water experts from all over the world.
July 2012
The participating speakers, delegates and exhibitors have an international standing and speak on subjects related to renewable energy. With truly worldwide reach and authoritative subject matter expertise, WFES 2013 will be able to present both 'depth of knowledge and breadth of talent to inspire audiences, share insights, stimulate debate - and influence the agenda for the years in prospect'. It is a platform from which will emerge radical and new ideas as the old and traditional will be assessed before either incorporation with the accepted new or discarded with the old. Inspired by its leadership UAE has announced the Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week (ADSW) which will be held between January 13 - 17, 2013. "The legacy of sustainability which lies deep within the UAE's heritage was instilled in us by our
Founding Father, the late Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, who recognized the need to protect our environment and preserve our natural resources for future generations� "Through the Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week, we are providing numerous platforms of dialogue that will address sustainable development. ADSW will be held in continuation of the commendable efforts of the Brazilian government at Rio+20 and in response to the UN Secretary-General's call for significant commitments to action in support of his International Year of Sustainable Energy for All," said Dr. Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber, Assistant Minister and UAE Special Envoy of Foreign Affairs for Energy and Climate Change and Chief Executive Officer of Masdar.
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WFES
Winners and runners-up of the Zayed Future Energy Prize (L-R): Jean-Pascal Tricore, Schneider Electric; Ashok Gadgil, University of California; Paul Dickinson, Carbon Disclosure Project; HH General Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi; Damian Miller, Founder and CEO of Orb Energy; Eric Pooley, Environmental Defense Fund; Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber, Director-General, Zayed Future Energy Prize
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Renewable Energy & Climate Change
July 2012
WFES
In recognition of UN SecretaryGeneral Ban Ki-moon Sustainable Energy for All initiative and in a reception honouring him Dr. Al Jaber made the announcement of Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week at this
Minister of Mines and Energy of Brazil, Edison Lob達o; Former Prime Minister of Norway, Gro Harlem Brundtland; Director-General of UNIDO Kandeh Yumkella; Director General of IRENA, Adnan Amin; Chairman of Bank of
reception, which was considered a part of the Rio+20, were present a galaxy distinguished individuals of the world: United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon; President of the Republic of South Africa, Jakob Zuma; the Minister of Energy of the Republic of South Africa, Dipuo Peters; the
America, Chad Holliday; Founder of Grameen Bank and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, Dr. Muhammad Yunus; Chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Nobel Peace Prize laureate, Dr. Rajendra Pachauri; and President of the United Nations Foundation,
Senator Timothy Wirth. Guests from the UAE included head of the UAE delegation, HE Sheikha Lubna Al Qasimi, UAE Minister for Foreign Trade and HE Dr. Rashid Ahmed bin Fahad, UAE Minister of Environment and Water. the next year during ADSW thousands of participants from governments, the private sector, NGOs and other stakeholders will gather in Abu Dhabi for the Assembly of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA); the World Future Energy Summit (WFES); the International Renewable Energy Conference in Abu Dhabi (ADIREC); the International Water Summit (IWS); and the Awards Ceremony for the Zayed Future Energy Prize. Dr. Al Jaber added, "Now is the time to address real-world challenges by adopting clear and focused practical measures for developing practical national energy strategies and implementing sustainable development. We are determined to achieve tangible results through our discussions today at the Earth Summit, at COP-18 later this year which is being held in the Middle East for the first time, and through Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week in January, 2013."
Produce More Renewable Energy Biomass
Wind
Solar
Tidal
Geothermal
Act now for your children Reduce green house gas emissions Use recycled products Get rid of tsunamis & cyclones Make the world habitable
SAVE THE EARTH
Energy Technology Centre, Jaipur, India
World Environment Day
The World Begins its Green March The seeds of an agreement like the Kyoto Protocol were probably sown by the World Environment Day of June 5. In fact, it was the first major
conference , particularly the scientific ones preceding it, that marked a turning point in the development of international concern for the environment. Organised under the United Nations auspices it was held in Stockholm, Sweden at the initiative of the Government of Sweden. The conference began on June 5 and continued till 16 in the year 1972 and set the ball rolling for the world to remember the date each year for creating awareness about the importance of going clean and green. UN Secretary-General U Thant invited Maurice Strong to lead it as SecretaryGeneral of the Conference when the UN General Assembly decided to convene the Stockholm Conference. The conference was opened and addressed by the Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme and secretarygeneral Kurt Waldheim to discuss the
July 2012
state of the global environment. Attended by the representatives of 113 countries, 19 inter-governmental agencies, and more than 400 intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, it is widely recognized as the beginning of modern political and public awareness of global environmental problems. The meeting agreed upon a Declaration containing 26 principles concerning the environment and development; an Action Plan with 109 recommendations, and a Resolution. The European Union, then European states, were deeply influenced and in 1973 created the Environmental and Consumer Protection Directorate and the first Environmental Action Program was also chalked out. The increased enlightenment and research collaboration arguably paved the way for understanding of global warming, bringing together the nations in the agreement at Kyoto. The message is carried by the electronic media too. Zee chose to be seen as linked by deed. It launched a campaign 'My Earth, My Duty' and has entered the Limca Book of Records for a novel effort: for planting more than 73 lakh trees in one single day across 34 cities and 2.5 lakh villages on 25 August 2010. NDTV came late but its 'Greenathon' served as India's first ever-nationwide campaign, beginning with catering a race from Ahmedabad to Mumbai, termed as Green Run, aimed at
55
creating awareness awareness about environmental problems and other issues. About the first meeting John McCormick writes in his book Reclaiming Paradise, "Stockholm was without a doubt the landmark event in the growth of international environmentalism. It was the first occasion on which the political, social and economic problems of the global environment were discussed at an intergovernmental forum with a view to actually taking corrective action." World Environment Day is similar to Earth Day. Each year Earth Day marks the anniversary of the birth of modern environmental movement in the Seventies and April 22 has come to be called the Earth Day. Although mainstream America was not at all concerned with the environment, the time was ripe for change in people's attitudes. This change was accelerated by Earth Day is similar to World Environment Day. Each year Earth Day marks the anniversary of the birth of modern environmental movement in 1970. Although mainstream America was not at all concerned with the environment, the time was ripe for change and it was accelerated by Rachel Carson who wrote Silent Spring. It was brought by New York Times. In no time it bacame the bestseller in the early Sixties. It sold more than 500,000 copies in 24 countries Carson raised public awareness and concern for living organisms, the environment and public health.
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
World Environment Day
Under the auspices of Indian Human Ecology Council a national seminar on 'Climate Change and Green Economy with Reference to India' was organized by Professor H. S. Sharma in Jaipur. The occasion was the World Environment Day. For two days, 5th & 6th June 2012, eminent authors and speakers spoke on the importance of the environment. This seminar was unique, unlike those that take place every year. Sometime what is routine becomes so commonplace and clichĂŠd that it tends to lose meaning. But this one was different. It had a theme which not only reminded one of the need to work for and establish a spotless environment promoting a green economy but it also asked whether
or not 'it is inclusive' . Achim Steiner, UNEP Executive Director, said in his message, "This year sustainable development and poverty eradication will be among top two issues at the UN Conference (Rio+20). Ian Douglas, Trustee of Commonwealth Human Ecology Council, sent his good wishes. In his paper he highlighted strategic options at different scales for India to develop. Prof T K N Unnithan, founder President of CHEC-India, has been a keen promoter of a clean environment and wished that people leave a clean and sustain world for generations to come. The economy operates to generate development. The result of development is evident in the living standards. If these standards rise economic development has taken place. There are two aspects to development. One is whether it has led to more emissions and more pollution or it has not caused much pollution. Two whether it has benefitted only a few while the rest of society, particularly those at the bottom of the social ladder, have not been touched by economic
development. Professor Sharma is the President of IHEC and author of several green books. He must be commended for giving the seminar the 'inclusive' dimension. The meetings and discussions that followed brought out the significance of greening development as well as making development inclusive. The United Nations Environment Programme organises an international competition for people across the world to select a winner for the World Environment Day on June 5th. This year a Chennai-based development organisation is among the five winners for inspiring environmental action "Today we celebrate five inspiring projects, submitted for the World Environment Day 2012 challenge, that illuminate the pathway to a transition to a green economy," UNEP's Executive Director, Achim Steiner said. The Chennai-based development organization is 'Hand in Hand India'. It brought together over 500 volunteers to create a colourful 10,000 square foot rangoli carpet depicting 10 environmental themes for the World.
Twin Creeks
Being Innovative Pays
In t h e s e t i m e s r e c e s s i o n i s swallowing one country after another. China and India, whose growths were thought of as
From the strong support that created conditions lucrative for increased solar production to near withdrawal of the promised props left the industry high and dry in many western nations. Thus a large number of solar panels have been manufactured.
the black sheep, receiving undue monetary and other advantages. The worst is that it has come to be used as an example not of a situation causing failure but as an example for proving the failure of solar power as a remedy for meeting the current energy goals. In other words, the opponents argue that the cost of deploying solar energy is so high that it is not a practical solution. Not all companies met with the fate that Solynadra had to go through. Those companies which were able to keep afloat are doing so paying a very high price; their income is so low that they are left with extremely thin margins, if at all..
engines to stir the rest of the world economy, have also started languishing, to an extent. The other parts of the world have had to revise their liberal support to the yetincubating renewable technologies. July 2012
The excess in supply has resulted in a glut in the market. The prices of panels have fallen drastically. For some companies it has been tragic. Solyndra, for example, has not only had to go out of business but also has had to face much criticism, being made to be 57
At this juncture the company Twin Creeks Technologies has emerged with an interesting solution. It is a company that offers solar panels which are inexpensive. They will leave adequate margins for the producer. There is something new about what Twin Creeks has done: 'wafers produced on Twin Creeks Hyperion manufacturing system are less than one-tenth as thick as conventional wafers'. "With thin wafers manufacturers can produce more of their products with less raw material and less capital equipment. Renewable Energy & Climate Change
Twin Creeks
than conventional panels and new generations of i n e x p e n s i v e semiconductors." In contrast, theproduction technique prevailing currently in the industry is such that half the raw material is lost as sawdust. Also infactory the case of twin creeks Twin Creeks 'the resulting thin silicon cell is bendable, the traditional glass sandwich is not necessary. The ultra-thin modules can be wrapped in a flexible encapsulant, reducing both weight and cost'. Besides the company is not into marketing its products. Instead it
operates on the principle, "let's develop a product people really need and then offer it up for sale" . According to CEO Siva Sivaram, "We are a capital equipment company and will remain a capital equipment company. San Jose is where we integrate, Boston is where the equipment is designed and built, and Mississippi is where we demo the process on a 25megawatt cell line. There has been no marketing and there is one sales guy. We are talking now because we have a product ready to ship along with 20 issued patents and a pile on the way." The company's
25 MW solar cell factory is built in Senatobia, Mississippi. Also it has an agreement with Perak State Development Corporation in Malaysia to develop a 500-MW solar module production facility at Perak High Tech Park in Ipoh, Malaysia. Twin Creeks has raised $80 million from Crosslink Capital, Benchmark Capital, Artis, and DAG Ventures for its potentially disruptive, costreducing solar manufacturing technology though it has been on the quiet turf not making any claims nor trying to make a name by marketing.
Intersolar South America
Strides On with a Supernatural Sense First helping the solar industry climb to the top current position in the world, Intersolar then brought North
America into sharp focus, gave Asia its thrust and is now taking up position in South America. As a leader in events Intersolar commands global stature and worldwide influence. Intersolar opens doors to significant opportunity all over the world. It holds exhibitions and conferences. As it carries out these operations it is introducing traditions to pick out best products and outstanding technologies. Intersolar seems to display a supernatural sense to identify bazaars which are on the verge of bursting into expansion. Before a certain market is about to explode, as it were, Intersolar is right there to seize the new break-ins. This has been the history of Intersolar; right
July 2012
from the start. May be, as some say and Renewable Energy & Climate
Change agrees with them, "Perhaps it is the other way around. Wherever Intersolar makes its debut fresh lucrative avenues and channels are unlocked." At such junctures not just the industry players but also the participants in Intersolar both stand to benefit from the efforts that this series-event puts into the growth of the sector. When Intersolar announces its intention for a new foray all those in the industry should understand what it means. There is an unwritten message: that the time has come when another set of entrepreneurs along with the experts, armed with their resources are on the way to making history in the development of the whole industry.
Intersolar makes its opening in South America. For the first time it is holding a Summit in this part of the world. The date fixed is August 15, 2012. The place, a natural choice for this continent, has to be none other than Sao Paulo of Brazil. Brazil, as the world believes and knows, is growing by leaps and bounds and will continue to do so in the near future to gain its rank among the world's high growth states. Talking of growth the whole continent of South America is in the throes of a rapid transformation. As a result the consumption of energy is rapidly rising. Countries such as Ecuador and Algeria are experiencing a record trend in swelling GDP. The increase in industrialisation is so great that there is 30 per cent rise in the demand of energy. In the last event at Munich which took place from 13 to 15 in June, for example, power technologies which allowed storage were in the spotlight. Decentralised storage combined with the grid will alter the way eleciticity is supplied. A new regulation for on-site consumption of the Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) has been formulated to make power storage systems attractive to home owners. The Act stipulates a proportion of the electricity produced by installations of a certain size be consumed on-site. For this to happen power has to be made available in the most effective way possible for on-site use throughout the day for which innovative power storage systems will be demanded. Hopefully the pressure on national
59
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
Intersolar South America
grids will be released thus. According to Matthias Vetter, battery expert at the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, talkling about batteries says, "They are a great investment. In the future, the gap between feed-in tariffs and electricity prices is going to become so wide that introducing decentralized storage systems will be worthwhile for end customers irrespective of any onsite consumption legislation. Larger photovoltaic battery systems could help single-family homes or apartment buildings to cover up to 80% of their power requirements with solar energy even in Germany. "Intelligent turnkey solutions with effective storage technologies and energy management systems may in future bring significant cost savings in commercial and industrial buildings, an area with high consumption-dependent electricity costs. Lithium batteries are highly likely to play an important role in grid-connected photovoltaic installations, roof installations fitted to private homes and photovoltaic farms. The need for larger storage capacities could make redox flow batteries an interesting option in the future," explains Vetter. In addition to this battery type, lead acid and sodium nickel chloride batteries, as well as many other power storage solutions, feature at this year's Intersolar Europe. The other important theme that came outstanding at Intersolar Europe is about grid supply from storage. The battery can allow car owners to take on some of the peak load because of their ability to store energy and use it to ease the
60
Renewable Energy & Climate Change
pressure on grid. At other times when the pressure on the grid is relatively reduced the batteries can be charged again somewhat inexpensively. Mobility in Future The energy produced by the user's own roof mounted PV set or carport. Apart from preventing cars from the pouring sun or from protecting them from rain or snow the PV carports deliver mobility to cars. There are calculations such as, 'An installation with a capacity of three kilowatts (kW) can supply enough power for a vehicle to travel around 15,000 km per year. The combination makes sense because electric vehicles have significantly greater levels of efficiency than vehicles with combustion engines, and generating power from renewable sources is much more efficient than producing biofuel, for example' Special Exhibit At Intersolar were displayed new systems the industry is working hard on. these are new charging solutions. Instead of using cables vehicles will be parked over coils in cable-free charging stations in garages, car parks or public parking lots, allowing charging from the power grid to start automatically without the need for the vehicle to be connected in any way. The event presented numerous PV carports, charging stations and electric vehicles, bringing to life the e-mobility of the future. There was also a chance to test drive a variety of electric vehicles.
Lithium Batteries
Lead Acid and Sodium Nickel Chloride Batteries
Redox Flow Batteries
July 2012
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