Serving the Michigan, Indiana & Ohio Tri-State Horse Community
July 2022
National horse racing safety rules implemented AP Lisa Lazarus walked around the backstretch at Belmont Park nine days before the final leg of horseracing’s Triple Crown selling as much as observing. The CEO of the Horseracing Integrity and Safety Authority talked with trainers, riders and other horsemen about the sport's federally mandated new governing body that she has been tabbed to oversee. Lazarus was peppered with questions and complaints about the new rules that are the national standard. Once she explained what will change — and what won’t — the most common response Lazarus said she got was, “It’s nowhere near as bad as I thought it was going to be.” One reason for that reaction at the Belmont? New York was among the states that already followed many of the safety regulations, which began July 1, and the antidoping rules, which go into effect at the start of 2023. Lazarus said the policies that became federal law about four weeks after this year's final Triple Crown race closely resemble what was already in place in California, Kentucky and New York. Now that Congress has passed the Horseracing Integrity and Safety Act, the rules will be the same across thoroughbred tracks in the U.S. “The biggest that’s going to change is uniformity,” Lazarus said. “Uniformity, really above and beyond: It’s going to be one set of rules for everyone.” Unlike other sports, horse racing does not have a long-established national governing body, which would make getting every state and track on the same page. With an eye on cleaning up the sport, HISA is the closest thing to that. Mark Casse, who is set to saddle Golden Glider in the Belmont Stakes on Saturday three years after winning the race with Sir Winston, said he and other trainers are still learning about what’s coming but is relieved rules will be stanPage 2 Equine Times
dardized across all jurisdictions. “It’s a guess everywhere,” Casse said. “You’re like, ‘What can we do here? What can we do here?’ We have a lot of the same rules. A lot of the rules are not changing. I’m just hoping that they can be better enforced.” The seven rules that go into effect in July encompass jockey safety (including a national concussion protocol), the riding crop and how often riders can use it during a race, racetrack accreditation and reporting of training and veterinary records. Everyone in horseracing must register with the new safety agency by the end of this month. Medication regulations, including a drug testing policy aimed at getting rid of doping in the aftermath of federal charges brought against 27 people in 2020 for what authorities described as a widespread international scheme to drug horses to make them run faster, take effect January 1. Lazarus said her agency would take an extremely hard stance against banned substances that “should never be in a horse” with transparent processes and strict punishments, and “practical and firm” about therapeutic substances. “There’s no doubt in my mind that anyone who’s involved in it, or the vast majority, love their horses and care about
their horses,” she said. “So, there is genuine and, I believe, principled disagreement over what helps the horse and what doesn’t and what puts a horse at risk.” Betamethasone, the steroid that can help horses’ joints, which 2021 Kentucky Derby winner Medina Spirit tested positive for and prompted Bob Baffert’s suspension by Churchill Downs, is considered a therapeutic drug. It is different than the performance-enhancing substances trainers Jason Servis and Jorge Navarro were charged with using. Casse, who has been among those in the sport calling for stricter regulations, hopes HISA “can have a little better control and identify the bad apples.” A lifetime ban is among the potential punishments. Lasix, the much-debated anti-bleeding medication that also works as a diuretic to cause horses to urinate and lose 20 to 30 pounds of fluid, which can increase their ability to run faster, will get a close look over the next three years. The new safety agency will start by prohibiting Lasix use on race day while allowing tracks to apply for an exemption. The three Triple Crown races are in their second year running without Lasix. New York also bans it for 2-year-olds and in all stakes races.
Horses racing on a dirt track as they head down the front stretch to the finish line. Cmannphoto
July 2022
“You almost don’t notice it,” New York Racing Association president and CEO Dave O’Rourke said. “That’s actually the best scenario. You don’t really hear much about it, which I think is great and says something about it.” NYRA executive Glen Kozak is among those on HISA’s racetrack safety committee. O’Rourke said NYRA has been at the forefront of horse safety issues for a while other than appointing people to specific positions as part of
adjustments to the new rules won’t have to change much to get up to code. “A lot of these best practices — and we haven’t done this alone — now will be adopted across the industry, which we think is great,” O’Rourke said. “It’s great for the sport. It’s great for everyone that participates in the sport, specifically equine athletes and the jockeys.” Lazarus said success will be judged by the rate of horse fatalities, which has been decreasing, and hopes the authority
gains the trust of those in the industry and the general public based on the intense research that went into developing these policies. “I think you will genuinely see a shift in culture over time because the programs are going to be too robust and the enforcement is going to be robust and it’s going to be national,” she said. “There’ll be a cultural shift once there’s a genuine recognition that doping will not be tolerated in horse racing. It just won’t be."
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Good news on blocking a virus considered a global threat Emily Caldwell
COLUMBUS, OH. — Scientists have reported good news on the pandemic preparedness front: A cocktail of four manufactured antibodies is effective at neutralizing a virus from the Henipavirus family, a group of pathogens considered to be a global biosecurity threat. The study focused on protection against a recently identified variant of the Hendra virus, which, along with Nipah virus, has been responsible for deadly animal and human infection outbreaks in the Eastern Hemisphere. The 2011 movie Contagion depicts a fictional viral outbreak traced to an infected pig that is modeled on the Nipah virus. The Hendra variant, identified in two fatally diseased horses and sick bats in Australia, featured dramatic genetic changes from the original virus which created a sense of urgency among scientists to learn how existing countermeasures stack up against the restructured pathogen. Researchers screened and determined in cell studies that several previously developed monoclonal antibodies designed to neutralize the original virus are also effective against the variant. The team also designed an additional antibody that could join three others in a powerful cocktail that would leave the virus with minimal ability to further mutate its way out of antibody recognition. "These four antibodies can bind simultaneously, which is important for preventing future escaping mutants," said co-lead study author Kai Xu, assistant professor of veterinary biosciences at The Ohio State University. "If you have only one or two antibodies, the virus can easily develop a mechanism to escape antibody recognition. If you have more antibodies in a cocktail developed as a therapeutic, it will decrease the chances of an escape mutant by many orders of magnitude." The study was published online recently in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Both Hendra and Nipah viruses can cause fatal disease in humans, horses, pigs and other mammals, and are transmitted between humans and animals. The flying fox, a bat species, is considered the viruses’ natural host. The very similar pathogens, discovered
Computer illustration of the Hendra virus. Kateryna Kon
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July 2022
in the 1990s in Australia and Malaysia, respectively, cause severe respiratory symptoms and brain inflammation that lead to death in up to 95% of those infected. "Initially people thought these viruses might not mutate so much – their genome is largely stable, so it appeared that a countermeasure like an antibody, drug or vaccine could totally prevent them. But that’s not the case – just like SARS-CoV-2, a vaccine alone can’t win the war. The virus constantly evolves to adapt to a new host," Xu said. In a series of experiments conducted in a virus system lacking the pathogenic gene, the researchers first found that the variant, known as HeV-g2, attaches to the same receptor as the original HeV virus to enter host cells, and with the same strength. The variant, like the original, uses two proteins to get in. A total of six monoclonal antibodies, three for each entry protein, that were previously developed to attach to matching "footprints" on both Hendra and Nipah viral surface proteins were found to neutralize the HeV-g2 variant nearly as well as they blocked the original viruses. In earlier studies, post-infection treatment with these antibodies protected numerous animal species against lethal doses of Hendra and Nipah viruses. To provide even further protection, the researchers developed an additional antibody to be combined with three others that neutralize one of the two viral proteins that gain access to host cells. "We know after precise atomic modeling and binding studies that these four antibodies, the new one plus the three developed previously, are compatible to each other and can bind at the same time," Xu said. "You don’t want them to compete or interfere with each other – and you want that kind of combination as a cocktail for therapeutic development." A resulting monoclonal antibody treatment would be used after exposure to the virus. The researchers also tested the effectiveness of an existing Hendra virus vaccine candidate in two rhesus macaques, and found in blood drawn 28 days after the last of three injections that the vaccine generated a neutralizing antibody response in the animals against the HeV-g2 variant. "These findings are proof of principle that antibodies are effective against the new variant and we can combine multiple antibodies for multivalent drug development," Xu said. "And most important, we found that although the mutation is significant, the existing countermeasures are still effective." Xu co-led the research with Christopher Broder of Uniformed Services University and David Veesler of the University of Washington. Yan Xu of Ohio State was a co-first author on the study. Additional co-author institutions include the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, the U.S. Public Health Services Commissioned Corps, the University of Sydney, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Equine Veterinary and One Health Epidemiology and a private veterinary practice, all in Australia. This work was supported by the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Path to K Grant through the Ohio State University Center for Clinical & Translational Science, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, a Pew Biomedical Scholars Award, the Burroughs Wellcome Fund, the University of Washington, the National Institutes of Health, and the Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment.
July 2022
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To Glue Or Not To Glue That Is The Question
Hannah Lochner Standard shoeing practices including nails and glues restrict heel movement, which may limit shock absorption and blood flow to the hoof. Researchers in Japan evaluated the effect of new glue-on shoes that are flexible or glued using only two side clips on horse heel movement. The researchers conducted two experiments to compare forelimb heel movement between aluminum nailed shoes and flexible polyurethane or aluminum glue-on shoes. Following hoof trimming, polyurethane shoes were glued to the soles of the front hooves of six thoroughbreds. The glue was allowed to set for 12 hours. Researchers attached displacement sensors to the horses’ heels and exercised the horses at the walk, trot, and canter for 30 seconds on a treadmill. The glue-on shoes were removed and the horses were shod with aluminum nail-on shoes and exercised again. The researchers conducted a second experiment following the same methods but comparing aluminum glue-on shoes to aluminum nail-on shoes using five thoroughbreds. The aluminum glue-on shoes attached to the hooves via two side clips. Researchers observed little difference in heel movement between polyurethane glued shoes and nailed shoes at all gaits. Aluminum glued shoes decreased heel expansion by 14% and increased heel contraction by 11% compared to nailed shoes at the trot. However, total heel movement did not differ between the shoe types. Total heel movement, heel expansion and heel contraction at the walk and canter were similar between aluminum glued and nailed shoes. In conclusion, heel movement between the new glue-on shoes and aluminum nailed shoes were comparable. For more information on this research, view the paper published in the Equine Veterinary Journal at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/ S0737080622000776?via%3Dihub. Page 6
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Researchers in Japan evaluated the effect of new glue-on shoes that are flexible or glued using only two side clips on horse heel movement. Research authors and Equine Veterinary Journal
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Managing organic matter on horse farms is the best way to help control flies. Erin Lochner
5 Tips for Managing Biting Insects on Horse Farms Hannah Lochner
Biting insects found on horse farms can spread disease, cause hives, skin sores and hoof damage from stomping as well as create an unpleasant environment for horses and owners. Here are five tips to help you manage flies and mosquitoes on your farm. Keep it clean. Routinely remove organic matter including manure, soiled bedding and spilled feed or waste hay from horse areas. Spreading or composting these materials will prevent fly development. Managing organic matter on horse farms is the best way to help control flies. Manage water sources. Overturn or discard objects that collect and hold rainwater such as buckets and old tires. Clean water tanks often and drain rainwater pooled in paddocks, alleyways, or arenas. Mosquitoes breed in stagnant water sources. Provide a physical barrier between bugs and your horse. Fly
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July 2022
sheets, masks and boots can help shield your horse from biting flies. Fly boots can also reduce stomping and head movement to avert flies. Additionally, screening barn doors and windows can help keep bugs out. Lastly, turning horses indoors overnight can limit mosquito pressure on horses. Use fly repellants for temporary relief. Citronella products including sprays and leg bands can reduce fly avoidance behaviors in horses. Always carefully read and follow label instructions when using fly repellants on your horse. Dirt, sweat and water can reduce the effectiveness of fly repellants and may make reapplication necessary. Target sites where flies perch as a fallback. After managing organic matter around your farm, you can apply residual insecticides where flies perch (e.g., barn walls or ceilings). These sites are speckled brown with fly waste. Residual insecticides last longer when applied to clean surfaces. Always carefully read and follow label instructions when using insecticides.
By Jessica Prigge
July 2022
Equine Times
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CLUB NEWS
Michigan Foxtrotting Horse Association Michigan Fox Association Michigan Fox Trotter Trotter Association
at the Holland Wethe haveexpectation resources and of people available for you to learn is nothing like a well-bred foal! Western Horse Park? Susan Williams willto conduct a natfrom and breeders to refer you if you to Don't forget to transfer your newly-bought want horse's ural trail and obstacle there on July 24.want Thetopark is buy a clinic young one to train or if you further registration papers into your name with the MFTHBA,too. training your Street present horse. locatedtheat 3856with 61st in Holland, We are growing! New welcomes gomembers out to Themember MFTHBA Michigan. Twelveneeds ridersregistered will be allowed. Naomi Haas, equinetodentist Kris Modreske and fill their committees for 2021. I justHarry agreed Lunch is provided. Camping is Struble all of MI. Naomi rides a sorrel sabino gelding to help out on the Trail Committee available for an additionalagain. fee. (Dexter) and a blackSurely mareyou (Hank's Liberty Bell can,too! committees need There is Serenity aVarious $145 cost to particimembers(younger ones too) for their input B). Kris rides a black and white gelding (Radar's Spotted pate or $135 for MFHA and and advice togoincrease affiliate Prior). And congratulations out tomembers. Harrynumbers,think Struble on HWSP Audit and for of waysGolden to makeChip, the shows better,to improve his purchase of Joe's a handsome buckskin $20.applications,give Susan will explain okay National Trail Ride ideasand on gelding, from Chuck guide Fanslow. All these memyou safely through clinics (let's get more closer to our state),getting more verbers are riding Fox Trotters!!! allquality of and the outdoor satility riders interested,give ideas on training picking judges,trail plus New members are welobstacles. If always youis a have more. Many positions can be supported remotely. Also, this great www.michiganfoxbeen there, you will way to meet those from other come! areas never ofGo theto USA who raise,train and trotters.com print off that the ride MFTs. I have made new friends thisamazed way whotoand I would not have be glad otherwise. Contact the MO Fox Trotting Horse membership We meet Susan will Breeding beform. thereAssociation helping via www.mfthba.com to become you. a member and forsomore virtually all information members on helping out. to meet without Leviareisable coming downstate! Also, PLEASE send in Clinician your MFTA dues your MFTHBA dues Leviand Beechy having to drive of longWest disasap! Branch, Michigan (you saw him present tances. Wishing everyone a blessed and safe Christmas! at the 2022 Michigan Horse Expo) conduct Our Eventwill Committee Respectfully submitted, a two-day horsemanship clinic atis Morning View Farm at busy planning next Marilynthe Mannino 3075 Turkey Trail in Ionia, Michigan) on August 27 (groundHorseman's Camp at Waterloo. There is a $10 fee for clinic. It will be a Gaited included a competition for the Reserve Dressage your spotClinic now by MFTHBA members which goes to MFTHBA so that those work) and August 28 (astride).Western at most ambitious member who PROTECT YOUR LARGE BALE can HAYearn INVE$TMENT! sending in your paid registration. The form is available on enrolled in the top trail program their point. the end of May. More details demonstrates their horsemanship activities page. You don't Consider a member of the MFTHBA now. Go to the michiganfoxtrottinghorse.com will be available skills in abecoming wide variety of categories. want to miss this! Ten riders allowed. Auditors are encourmfthba.com to sign up and learn about their programs and next month. The clinician is Quarterly and year-end awards will be aged to attend for $25. All breeds are welcome. Cost is $350 discounts. Reserve your camping spot or cabin through the top-notch! given. Go to www.michiganfoxtrotters.com if OR ahistory MFHA member which The includes a Michigan at off midnrreservations.com or 800- per rider and SLIDING SWINGING DOORS A$325 little on our breed: presto read theDNR rules website and print the forms to join in on stall, a bag of shavings and a rustic camping spot. You will 447-2757. You can also camp at nearby Farmlane ent-day Missouri Fox Trotter evolved from Morgans in the friendly competition and fun. Campground at 7955 Clear Lake Road in Grass Lake, definitely be a better horseman after this clinic! Levi loves More Fox Trotters are slowly becoming available to New England being crossed with Arabians, Plantation Michigan. There will be a tasty potluck Saturday night at teaching people and horses. The MFHA versatility chalpurchase but they are selling fast. There is a good video on Horses, American Saddlebreds, TWHs and pacing the pavilion. Meat will be provided by both Fox Trotter lenge (with three divisions) is slowly gaining more particithe correct Fox Trot gait posted on our Face Book site to Standardbreds. The genetic mix of square-trotting horses affiliates. Just bring your favorite dish to pass and your pants. Read the rules on our website and get involved! It's refer to when you are considering an MFT to buy. Be sure and pacing horses created the comfortable fox trot gait! fun doing so many different things with your MFT! There tableware. Missouri Fox Trotting horses to bring a knowledgeable person you,too, when you are nice quarterly prizes too. have been used by farmers in Whether you trail ride or show,with consider sending in your Missouri and surrounding long Michigan distances to to narrow down your search. Breeders, Chuck Fanslow (rivWe welcome Margaret states Scabbotoofride Alma, registration now for the July 23 gaited western dressage check their fencing and work cows, pull buggies, by US erflatranch.com) and Gale Gunders (989-534-1207), have clinic with USDF bronze medalist, Joanne Coy. She will help MFHA! She rides a handsome black gaited Morgan gelding, Forest Service workers, byclinic mounted and now people well-gaited stock available. They also our first obstacle and ispolice interested in more of you will findyoung your horse's gait and improve it. have She isquality such a attended across the United States and Europe use them for recrestuds to breed to if you have a mare you want bred. Chuck talented instructor and makes her instructions so easy to them. She is also thinking of finding an MFT in the future. ation trail riding, Dressage,reining, 4H and has a Buckskin stallion andataPine palomino stallion(both sons nice(showing, to have you with us, Margaret!! understand. It will be held Lake Stables at12300 W. It's Equestrian Team, Hippotherapy,etc.). They are truly of Cotton Eyed Joe). Gale has a spotted stallion who will We are the Michigan affiliate of the MFTHBA which is Pine Lake Road in Plainwell, Michigan. There is a ten-rider versatile and also can be found in all colors and sizes! Try throw color to your foal. Both are located in Gladwin,MI. limit. All breeds and auditors are welcome. Bring your own based in Ava, Missouri. Our mission is to promote MFTs and xlearn 78” x There 76” oneencourage out and find out whyand everyone loves themasso! Contact them if you wantDimensions: to have your72” mare bred. to the breeding training of them well as to lunch and a chair. Riders and auditors will groundWeight: 230 lbs. their horses Grills more through work techniques in the morning, have a question and answer help their owners learn to enjoy • Removable lunch (bring your own) with Joanne then a semi private educational clinics and discussion. • Panels “Hayon Huts save and preserve We meet mostly on Zoom monthly but sometimes in lesson gaiting in the afternoon. Even as an auditor last Lazy Susan Feeders theIhay. Theyup keep the haygreat training tips that it was well person. Go to our website and•Facebook page for updates year, picked so many • Water Bucket Doors weather protected and are offer discounts to our worth the fee to watch and ask questions. The cost is $175 and to see our list of sponsors who horse friendly.” -CHRIS COX E N T E R P R I S E S • Multiple Door Options in this versatile breed for the public but $150 for MFHA members. Auditors are members. Youth and adults interested $25 each. Stalls and camping are extra. Go to michiganfox- are always welcome to join, learn and enjoy. We have lots to Weldy Enterprises • 911 E. Waterford St. Wakarusa, IN 46573 what your discipline is. Have a great month! trottinghorse.com and visit the activities page to print off offer no matter I hope to meet you at a clinic or ride this summer. the registration form and to get more information. 574-862-4491 • 800-628-4728 • FAX 574-862-2122 • email: info@weldyenterprises.com Have you ever wanted to learn how to use the obstacles December 2020 Equine Times Page 11 Equine Times July 2022 Page 10 2 April 2021 Marilyn Mannino Hello December! Time is sure flying!! Marilyn Mannino At our November meeting we elected some newHappy officers birthday for 2021. USA! Congratulations go out Hello April! Spring is upon us! People are out Fox to Bob as the MFTA WeHowell have aelected variety of new clinics andPresrides for you Trotting and enjoying theMarilyn weather. Many are accumulatident, Kathy Kruch now VP, is still to participate in isthis summer. ing points in the Versatility Challenges that we are offerSecretary/Treasurer, Charbelow Ostrom is the new Check them out and reserve ing. 2-yearspot. Director and Miranda Mannino is now your Registration open for all three Versatility the 1-year Director. Are you going is on still this national We are accepting membership renewals Not Under Saddle Challenges (Under Saddle Challenge, trail ride? We want to meet you. and new memberships for 2021 now. Youth Challenge). are Challenge and Ultimate Horseman This proPlease text MarilynGoatto 517encouraged to join too! www.michiganfoxgram is designed to show how versatile the Missouri Fox 862-6676 are, canYou will learn alot trotters.comif toyou print offso thewe form. Trotter is. Registered and grade MFTs are allowed. have enough foodabout available for of Fox Trotters,their from our members the history All handicapped and regular through all. uses and availability and be able toyouth network with those of us who adults are welcome. Every imaginable Everyone is invited camp,train and show them. Our to association is blessed to have skilled activity included trainers,breeders and learn from. We love promoting this camp andand ride category witha farrier us onisto the from inannual hand work Dressage, so versatile and come in breed as they have greatto personalities,are first Great Lakes many sizes and different coat colors.to short distance trail riding national trail ride from July 8 A benefit to joining is that we can offer clinics at a reduced price to endurance and our members. Due to Covid we through Julycompetitions 10 at the Waterloo are meeting remotely each month. Michigan is a big state and this is a everything Recreation in-between Area in (cow Chelsea, good way to easily see and talk with each other within and outside of Michigan. work, driving, extreme trail, MI. Come join the fun! will be sharing hosting privileges 4H We and open showing, Sign up now for the popular Versatility Challenge for 2021. Print with the Indiana Fox Trotter parades, reining, form trailfrom mainteoff the enrollment our website. There are may areas in Association. EachWe day the ride start at the nance and also which you can more!). accumulate points-even in the will non-rideable months.
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Ask the Expert: Supplementing Hay During Summer Grazing By Hannah Lochner
During the summer months, I turn my four Quarter Horses out on pasture in the morning before I leave for work and bring them in during evening chores. My friend has a similar routine with her horses but feeds them hay when she turns them in. Should I be feeding my horses hay as well? You should always feed your horse based on their nutritional needs which depends on their age, weight, activity level and physiological state (e.g., growing, lactating). The National Research Council’s nutrient requirements for horses lists the minimum nutrient needs for normal health, production and performance of horses. These nutrient requirements combined with a forage (pasture and/or hay) nutrient analysis can help guide your feeding program. Most horses should consume about 2% of their body weight in forages each day whether that be hay, pasture or other form of forage. When grazing a well-managed and productive pasture, horses will generally eat one to two pounds of forage dry matter per hour. In your scenario, the horses graze about eight hours each day. An average 1,000-pound horse grazing for eight hours will only consume 0.8 to 1.6% of their body weight in forage dry matter. Therefore, extending the grazing time or supplementing hay accordingly can ensure your horses receive the forage they need. Pasture productivity and stocking rate can affect the amount of forage available to a horse. Pastures can be scarce of forage due to high stocking rates (< two acres per 1000-pound horse), poor soil health, overgrazing or drought. In these scenarios, horses will require even more supplemental hay to meet their forage requirements. A gorgeous horse. Erin Lochner
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