Leading Edge Design Competition Technical Analysis

Technical Analysis and Environmental Response Report Leading Edge Net-Zero Design Competition Registration No. 1-1104

Project Narrative Adaptive forms and interactive skins dance within the poetic relationship between the built and the natural environments by acknowledging technological marvels like PV panels, geothermal systems, and automated roof structures while giving a gracious nod to time tested sustainable strategies like thermal PDVV DQG SDVVLYH FRROLQJ 'HVLJQHG IRU WKH ¿HOG WULSSLQJ student, the after-work class-taker, and the routine employee WKDW QHVWOHV LQWR D FR]\ RI¿FH HDFK GD\ WKLV KXPEOH VWUXFWXUH reaches out and interacts with its friends. The cool ventilation on a warm afternoon; the warm touch of an operable wood shading system and concrete mass walls; the visual pleasure of vibrant yellows, Poppy oranges, and lavender blues heightened with WKH VZHHW IUDJUDQFH RI WKH -DVPLQH 0XOWLÀRUXP ,W LV WKURXJK these stimulating interactions that the building speaks. A soul touching conversation between the rigid forms of man and Mother Nature’s whimsical tale reminds us of the importance of sustainable building and living practices. The basic form-language of the center immediately adapts to the environment through its daylight + passive ventilation friendly East/West elongated strips and its thermal mass + night ÀXVKDEOH 6RXWKHUQ VWHSSHG IDoDGHV 7KH &HQWHU DOVR EUHDWKHV with the environment and climate through its interactive, pedagogic skins: Tranquil mass concrete walls store unwanted heat during the day and then release it into the cool night air. When evening falls, the building allows for off-hour spaces WR IXQFWLRQ LQ FHOHEUDWLRQ DQG UHÀHFWLRQ IRU WKH VXUURXQGLQJ community. Exterior operable shading screens cooperate with an open atrium to cross ventilate the warm summer building; Sliding windows and doors can be opened or closed by users in order to control heat gain, thus actively teaching diverse occupants to respond to climate. $ UDLVHG VWDQFKLRQ VXSSRUWHG SO\ZRRG ÀRRU DQG KROORZ FRUH FRQFUHWH ÀRRU DFW DV +9$& GLVWULEXWRUV GXFWV GXULQJ WKH GD\ while interior vents are closed and exterior vents are opened at QLJKW WR DLG WKHUPDO PDVV LQ WKH ÀXVKLQJ RI WKH EXLOGLQJ Mass to glass ratios on facades are responsive to both the metric amounts of sun the facade receives and the shading devices implemented over the openings. Wooden screens slide along tracks, adapting to lighting and ventilation conditions.

Vertical slats are used on East and West screens, while Horizontal slats exist on North and South screens. User-operable, layered VKDGLQJ V\VWHPV LQ FODVVURRPV DQG RI¿FHV UHGXFH SRWHQWLDOO\ problematic direct solar gain and also diffuse direct light. The covered atrium/lobby, with its sliding gridded glass roof, partially opens to aid passive, stack ventilation cooling during hot days, while sliding closed on cooler days to increase heat gain, thus warming the untreated atrium space, creating a more temperate buffer space between the chilly exterior and the warm interior spaces. South-facing photovoltaic panels line the stepped roofscapes to maximize southern exposure for energy collection. Also, the photovoltaic cells seasonally adjust their angles to optimize solar energy collection, which offsets electrical loads. Underground water storage cisterns are used to collect and reuse as much water as possible, though rainfall is sparse in the Long Beach climate. All spaces are excellent for daylighting and perform as purely daylit places in most climate conditions. The building, in essence, is the site. Xeriscape surrounds the building and penetrates through it in its most interesting spaces. Xeriscape is light in color, reducing solar heat gain and is ¿OOHG ZLWK &DOLIRUQLD QDWLYH GURXJKW WROHUDQW SODQWV 9HJHWDWHG permeable paving is used for exterior circulation, thus adding to the natural feel of the site, as well as responding to the climate. The building’s wall system consists of 8� CMU block with rigid insulation and a smooth natural concrete cover, colored of the warm earth tone native to Long Beach. The Long Beach, California Workforce Training Center replenishes the energy it uses to embrace a tangible and instinctive net zero energy, while educating those whom engage it on the techniques of sustainable buildings and the importance of sustainable lifestyles.

Table of Contents

3DUW , 7HFKQLFDO $QDO\VLV 7DVN Summary of Results : Technical Task Technical Task #1 : Heat Losses and Thermal Performance of the Building Envelope Technical Task #2 : Heat Gains and Thermal Performance Technical Task #3 : Sun Penetration and Solar Control Technical Task #4 : Heat Gains and Losses Through Windows

3DUW ,, $GGLWLRQDO &DOFXODWLRQV DQG 'HVLJQ 7RROV Summary of Results : Additional Calculations and Design Tools Design Tables : Base Case Analysis Design Tables : Competition Design Case Analysis Environmental System Design : Sizing Calculations Landscape Selection Material References

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Birdseye perspective looking southeast on Long Beach Boulevard

Birdseye perspective looking northeast on Long Beach Bouluevard

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Summary of Results : Technical Task Technical Task #1 : Heat Losses and Thermal Performance of the Building Envelope

1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7

,OOXVWUDWLRQ RI &RQVWUXFWLRQ 7\SHV Building Envelope Summary Table UA Envelope 8$ ,Q多OWUDWLRQ UA Ventilation 7RWDO +HDW /RVV &RHI多FLHQW Annual Heating Fuel Consumption

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4

Heat Gains : Estimated for Summer Heat Gains : Description of External Shading Cooling : Established Temps + RH Cooling : Plot of Temps + RH &RROLQJ ,GHQWL多FDWLRQ RI 6WUDWHJLHV &RROLQJ ,OOXVWUDWLRQ RI 6WUDWHJLHV

Technical Task #3 : Sun Penetration and Solar Control 3.1 3.2 2.3

Determination of Solar Properties Daylighting Study : Physical Model Analysis and Summary

Technical Task #4 : Heat Gains and Losses Through Windows 4.1 4.2 4.3

Calculation of Heat Gain Calculation of Heat Loss : South Glazing Analysis and Summary

3DUW , 7HFKQLFDO $QDO\VLV 7DVN

Technical Task #2 : Heat Gains and Thermal Performance

Technical Analysis Task #1 Heat Losses and Thermal Performance of the Building Envelope

,OOXVWUDWLRQ RI &RQVWUXFWLRQ 7\SHV 1.1 Building Envelope Summary Tables 1.2 UA Envelope 1.3 8$ ,Q多OWUDWLRQ 1.4 UA Ventilation 1.5 7RWDO +HDW /RVV &RHI多FLHQW 1.6 Annual Heating Fuel Consumption 1.7

7HFKQLFDO 7DVN ,OOXVWUDWLRQ RI &RQVWUXFWLRQ 7\SHV Roof Construction (R-1) - 8� Reinforced Hollow Core Slab

R - 1.34

- 8� Expanded polystyrene, extruded (smooth skin surface) (CFC-12 exp.)

Roof System 1 (R-1)

R - 40

Total Wall Construction

R - 41.34

U-Value (1 / R-Value)

0.025

Wall System 1 (W-1) ´ 2PQL%ORFN ,QVXODWHG &08 1

5

Total Wall Construction

R - 13.6

U-Value (1 / R-Value)

0.073

Wall System 2 (W-2) ´ 2PQL%ORFN ,QVXODWHG &08 1

5

- 2� Expanded polystyrene, extruded (smooth skin surface) (CFC-12 exp.)

R - 10

- 2� Light Weight Concrete

R - 2.5

Total Wall Construction

R - 26.1

U-Value (1 / R-Value)

0.038

2

Glazing 2 (G-2) : North Facade 1/8� Clear 1/2� Air 1/8� Clear

Wall System 1 (W-1)

U - Factor .49 SHGC .58 VT .57

Wall System 2 (W-2)

2

Glazing 4 (G-4) : South Facade 1/8� Low-e (.08)

U - Factor .15

1/2� Krypton

SHGC

.37

1/8� Clear 1/2� Krypton 1/8� Low-e (.08)

VT

.48

2

Glazing 5 (G-5) : East and West Facades

Glazing 2 (G-2)

Glazing 4 (G-4)

1/8� Low-e (.10)

U - Factor .31

1/2� Argon 1/8� Clear

SHGC VT

.26 .31

Glazing 5 (G-5) 6HH 3DUW ,, 0DWHULDO 5HIHUHQFHV DQG &RQVWUXFWLRQ 7\SHV IRU DGGLWLRQDO SURGXFW LQIRUPDWLRQ 2. Glazing type selected out of (5) total types evaluated

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #1

Technical Analysis Task

Technical Task 1.2 : Building Envelope Summary Tables Area and Volume Calculations

Facade Material Proportions North Wall Area Breakdown Glazing Area Opaque Area

1st Floor 2,274 2,586

2nd Floor 1,219 1,469

3rd Floor 669 1,191

Total 4,162 5,246

Total Facade Area

4,860

2,688

1,869

9,408

% Glazing 0.44

South Wall Area Breakdown Glazing Area Opaque Area

1st Floor 2,360 2,500

2nd Floor 770 1,570

3rd Floor 280 380

Total 3,410 4,450

Total Facade Area

4,860

2,340

660

7,860

% Glazing 0.43

East Wall Area Breakdown Glazing Area Opaque Area

1st Floor 851 1,699

2nd Floor 278 1,858

3rd Floor 228 480

Total 1,357 4,037

Total Facade Area

2,550

2,136

708

5,394

% Glazing 0.25

West Wall Area Breakdown Glazing Area Opaque Area

1st Floor 963 1,903

2nd Floor 190 1,802

3rd Floor 186 846

Total 1,338 4,551

Total Facade Area

2,865

1,992

1,032

5,889

% Glazing 0.23

Atrium Wall Area Breakdown Glazing Area Opaque Area

1st Floor 1,559 1,861

2nd Floor 1,091 1,717

3rd Floor 266 1,522

Total 2,916 5,100

Total Facade Area

3,420

2,808

1,788

8,016

% Glazing 0.36

Building Volume Calculation 1st Floor Volume 16,790 ft2 x 15 ft2 (height) = 281, 850 ft3

3rd Floor Volume 7,891 ft2 x 12 ft2 (height) = 94,692 ft3

2nd Floor Volume 13,176 ft2 x 12 ft2 (height) = 158,112 ft3

Total Building Volume 281,850 ft3 + 158,112 ft3 + 94,692 ft3 = 534,654 ft3

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #1

Technical Analysis Task

Technical Task 1.3 : UA Envelope U-Factor x Area, for each element in the building

Heat Loss: Glazing North Facade

South Facade

East Facade

West Facade

Atrium Facades

(4161 ft2) x (0.49 Btu/h ft2 F) + (3410 ft2) x (0.15 Btu/h ft2 F) + (1357 ft2) x (0.15 Btu/h ft2 F) + (3410 ft2) x (0.15 Btu/h ft2 F) + (1357 ft2) x (0.15 Btu/h ft2 F)

Total UA Glazing

=

3,469 Btu/h ft2 F

Heat Loss: Opaque Wall North Facade

South Facade

East Facade

West Facade

Atrium Facades

(5246 ft2) x (.035 Btu/h ft2 F) + (4450 ft2) x (.035 Btu/h ft2 F) + (4037 ft2) x (.035 Btu/h ft2 F) + (4551 ft2) x (.035 Btu/h ft2 F) + (5100 ft2) x (.035 Btu/h ft2 F)

Total UA Opaque

=

818 Btu/h ft2 F

Heat Loss: Roof Roof

U-Factor

Total UA Roof

(16054 ft2) x (.025 Btu/h ft2 F) =

401 Btu/h ft2 F

TOTAL HEAT LOSS THROUGH ENVELOPE Glazing

Opaque Walls

Roof

Total UA Envelope

(3469 Btu/h ft2 F) + (818 Btu/h ft2 F) + (401 Btu/h ft2 F)

=

4,688 Btu/h ft2 F

The largest loss through the building’s envelope is through the north side windows. This is due to a higher U- Factor in the glazing. This was chosen strategically and allows for a greater amount of ambient or diffused light to enter from the north since the south is primarily concerned with preventing heat gain.

7HFKQLFDO 7DVN 8$ ,QÂżOWUDWLRQ 8$ ,QÂżOWUDWLRQ $&+ KU [ %WX K IW2 F) x Building Volume (ft3) (ACH)

(Cpcty of Air)

0.73

.018

x

7RWDO 8$ ,QÂżOWUDWLRQ

(Bldg. Vol.) 534,600

x

=

7,024 Btu/h ft2 F

Technical Task 1.5 : UA Ventilation UA Ventilation = # Occupants x .018 (Btu/h ft2 F) x 15 (Btu/h ft3/ min. / occupant) x (60 min/hr)* (People) 300

(Cpcty of Air)

x

.018

(CFM) 15

x

Total UA Ventilation

(60 min/hr) 60

x

=

4,860 Btu/h ft2 F

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Technical Task 1.6 : UA Total 8$ 7RWDO 8$ (QYHORSH 8$ ,QĂ€LWDWLRQ 8$ 9HQWLODWLRQ 8$ ,QÂżOWUDWLRQ

UA Envelope 4,688

+

7,024

UA Total

UA Ventilation 4,860

+

=

16,572 Btu/h ft2 F

Technical Task 1.7 : Annual Heating Fuel Consumption E = UA (Btu/h F) x DD value ( F day) x 24 (hr/day) (AFUE) x V E = 16,572 (Btu/h F) x 1606 ( F day) x 24 (hr/day) = (.93) x 3,413

Total 201,239 Kw

Heating Fuel Consumption per year

,W LV FOHDU WKDW WKH ODUJHVW KHDW ORVV LQ WKH EXLOGLQJ LV IURP LQÂżOWUDWLRQ 7KH $LU &KDQJH SHU +RXU LV GHWHUPLQHG by the change in temperature (DeltaT). However, in the competition design, atria act as a buffer from the exterior condition to the building facade, creating a moderate climate for a majority of the building. This GHVLJQ PRYH UHGXFHV WKH $&+ DQG GUDVWLFDOO\ UHGXFHV WKH ,QÂżOWUDWLRQ VWUDLQ RQ WKH EXLOGLQJ )RU D PRUH FRPSOHWH LQ GHSWK DQG DFFXUDWH VWXG\ RI WKLV FDOFXODWH UHJDUGLQJ ,QÂżOWUDWLRQ SOHDVH VHH 3DUW ,, 6HFWLRQ

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #1

Technical Analysis Task

Technical Analysis Task #2 Heat Gains and Thermal Performance

Heat Gains : Estimated for Summer 2.1 Heat Gains : Description of External Shading 2.2 Cooling : Established Temps + RH 2.3 Cooling : Plot of Temps and RH 2.4 &RROLQJ ,GHQWL多FDWLRQ RI 6WUDWHJLHV 2.5 &RROLQJ ,OOXVWUDWLRQ RI 6WUDWHJLHV 2.6

Technical Task 2.0 : Heat Gains and Thermal Performance General Building Data Collection and Charts, MEEB Table F.3, page 1610 General 1225 sf

Sensible Heat Gains by Space (MEEB Table F.3 pg 1610) Area ft2

Space

S.H.G. People S.H.G. Equipment S.H.G Lighting Btu/h ft2 Btu/h ft2 Btu/h ft2 (DF<1)

Assembly (Fixed) 1,800

S.H.G Lighting Btu/h ft2 (DF>4)

14

0.0

3.8

0.4

Dine (Sit Down)

1,200

10.2

5.1

6.3

0.6

Classroom

16,600

1.7

0.6

6.3

0.7

2IÂżFH

5,600

1.3

0.4

5.1

0.5

General

1,225

1.0

0.0

3.8

0.4

2IÂżFH 2900 sf

Classroom 1200 sf

Key Plan Third Floor

Facade Material Proportions1 North Wall Area Breakdown Glazing Area Opaque Area

1st Floor 3,231 2,949

2nd Floor 2,006 1,522

3rd Floor 669 1,191

Total 5,906 5,662

Total Facade Area

6,180

3,528

1,860

11,568

Classroom 1750 sf

Classroom 2900 sf

South Wall Area Breakdown Glazing Area Opaque Area

1st Floor 3,231 2,949

2nd Floor 2,006 1,522

3rd Floor 669 1,191

Total 4,525 6,169

Total Facade Area

6,180

3,528

1,860

10,704

Classroom 1200 sf Classroom 1200 sf Classroom 1200 sf

East Wall Area Breakdown Glazing Area Opaque Area

1st Floor 3,231 2,949

2nd Floor 2,006 1,522

3rd Floor 669 1,191

Total 5,906 5,662

Total Facade Area

6,180

3,528

1,860

11,568

West Wall Area Breakdown Glazing Area Opaque Area

1st Floor 627 3,183

2nd Floor 186 2,526

3rd Floor 186 1,206

Total 999 6,855

Total Facade Area

3,750

2,712

1,392

7,854

1 7KHVH QXPEHUV DUH GHULYHG IURP WKH SURSRVHG GHVLJQ ,QLWLDO JOD]LQJ SHUFHQWDJHV ZHUH VHW XVLQJ UXOHV RI WKXPE DW JOD]LQJ 7KHVH SHUFHQWDJHV ZHUH DGMXVWHG WR ÂżQG D EDODQFH EHWZHHQ QDWXUDO GD\OLJKWLQJ GLUHFW solar radiation, and thermal heat gain through the envelope.

Key Plan Second Floor

Classroom 1750 sf

2IÂżFH 2700 sf

Assembly 1800 sf Dine 1200 sf Classroom 1200 sf Classroom 1200 sf Classroom 3000 sf

Key Plan First Floor

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #2

Technical Analysis Task

Technical Task 2.1 : Heat Gains : Estimated for Summer MEEB Table F.3, page 1610 Table F.3 Part A + B (Estimated Summer Heat Gains) 1,800 (SF) [ 14.0 (Btu/h ft2) + 0.0 (Btu/h ft2) + 0.4 (Btu/h ft2) ]

Assembly : Dine (Sit Down) : Classroom : 2IÂżFH General :

= 25,920 Btu/h

2

2

2

= 19,080 Btu/h

2

2

2

16,600 (SF) [ 1.7 (Btu/h ft ) + 0.6 (Btu/h ft ) + 0.6 (Btu/h ft ) ]

= 48,140 Btu/h

5,600 (SF) [ 1.3 (Btu/h ft2) + 0.4 (Btu/h ft2) + 0.5 (Btu/h ft2) ]

= 12,320 Btu/h

1,200 (SF) [ 10.2 (Btu/h ft ) + 5.1 (Btu/h ft ) + 0.6 (Btu/h ft ) ]

2

2

2

1,225 (SF) [ 1.0 (Btu/h ft ) + 0.0 (Btu/h ft ) + 0.4 (Btu/h ft ) ]

=

7RWDO ,QWHULRU 6HQVLEOH +HDW *DLQ =

1,715 Btu/h 107,175 Btu/h

107,175 Btu/h / 30,000 ft2 = 3.5725 (Btu/h ft2)

Table F.3 Part C (Heat Gain Through Envelope) Part C.1 (Gains Through Externally Shaded Windows) Total Ext. Shaded Window Area Total Foor Area Total Ext. Un-Shaded Window Area Total Foor Area

6,608 ft2

(16 Btu/h ft2) =

30,000 ft2 5,906 ft2

(14 Btu/h ft2) =

30,000 ft2

(16 Btu/h ft2) = 3.52 Btu/h ft2 RI ÀRRU DUHD

(14 Btu/h ft2) = 2.75 Btu/h ft2 RI ÀRRU DUHD

Part C.2 (Gains Through Opaque Wall Surface) Total Opaque Wall Area Total Foor Area

23,340 ft2

(15 Btu/h ft2) =

30,000 ft2

(15 Btu/h ft2) = 11.67 Btu/h ft2 RI ÀRRU DUHD

Part C.3 (Gains Through Opaque Roof Surface) Total Opaque Roof Area Total Foor Area

16,054 ft2

(35 Btu/h ft2) =

30,000 ft2

(35 Btu/h ft2) = 18.73 Btu/h ft2 RI ÀRRU DUHD

Total = 36.67 (Btu/h ft2)

Table F.3 Part E *DLQV )URP ,Q¿OWUDWLRQ 9HQWLODWLRQ RI ³&ORVHG´ %XLOGLQJ

,QÂżOWUDWLRQ Total Window + Total Opaque Total Foor Area

(1.0 Btu/h ft2) =

12,514 ft2 + 25,340 ft2 30,000 ft2

(1.0 Btu/h ft2) = 1.26 Btu/h ft2 RI ÀRRU DUHD

Ventilation: Total CFM Outdoor Air Total Foor Area

(16.0 Btu/h ft2) =

300 people (15 CFM/pers) 30,000 ft2

(16.0 Btu/h ft2) = 2.40 Btu/h ft2 RI ÀRRU DUHD

Total = 3.66 (Btu/h ft2)

Table F.3 Part D (Summary Gains) Thermally Open Buildings (Cross-Ventilation, Stack Vent, Nighttime Therm Mass): Part A + B + Part C = 3.5725 (Btu/h ft2) + 36.67 (Btu/h ft2) =

40.24 Btu/h ft2 RI ÀRRU DUHD

Thermally Closed Buildings (Roof Ponds, Evap Cooling, Daytime Therm Mass): Part A + B + Part C + Part E = 3.5725 (Btu/h ft2) + 36.67 (Btu/h ft2) + 3.66 (Btu/h ft2) =

43.90 Btu/h ft2 RI ÀRRU DUHD

The design submitted for the competition further investigates the use of externally shaded windows and the amount of heat gain that can be avoided by choosing a glazing with a high U- Factor and a small SHGC. Also, the building utilizes high thermal mass walls which collect heat from the intense sun during the day and then releases the heat into the building at night lowering heat gain. And in addition to these WZR VWUDWHJLHV WKH URRI UHGXFHV JDLQ E\ XVLQJ KLJK WKHUPDO PDWHULDOV DQG LV FRYHUHG LQ D OLJKW UHĂ€HFWHG PDWHULDO $OVR 39 SDQHOV SURWHFW and shade the roof, collecting the suns energy to convert into electricity. For a more complete, in-depth, and accurate study of this calculate UHJDUGLQJ ,QÂżOWUDWLRQ SOHDVH VHH 3DUW ,, 6HFWLRQ

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #2

Technical Analysis Task

Technical Task 2.2 : Description of External Shading Wooden Trellis

Summer Conditions A wooden trellis, located on the south facade of the classrooms and shop rooms, not only gives the space an aesthetic character, but is also a strategic element in design. During the summer months, the trellis ZRXOG EH D SULPH ORFDWLRQ IRU VPDOO ÀRZHULQJ YLQHV WR JURZ :KHQ the vines are full, direct heat gain is greatly reduced and the space becomes an exterior place on the site that is thermally acceptable during a time when temperatures can be a bit warm . Since this area is cooler, the users within the classrooms can then open the doors to cool the internally loaded rooms through cross ventilation. The vines also diffuse GD\OLJKW UHGXFLQJ WKH OLJKWLQJ ORDG LQ WKH ¿UVW ÀRRU VSDFHV

Winter Conditions During the winter, the trellis still blocks the direct solar gain from hitting the internally loaded spaces from the south. Since most of the vines ZLOO KDYH ORVW WKHLU ÀRZHUV RU IUXLW GXULQJ WKH UDLQ\ DQG VOLJKWO\ FROGHU months, the ability arises to gain some solar heat, still making the space an ideal spot. Since the sun angles are low during the winter months, there is a screen provided to be completely operated by users. This screen will pull down to diffuse the direct beams and prevent an excess amount of heat gain.

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #2

Technical Analysis Task

Moveable Louvers and Windows

One of the main designed features throughout the building is the operable window system located on the south facades. This system contains moveable louvers as well as moveable window panes along a permeable track. This systems offers a variety of treatments depending on the environmental conditions. During the winter, for instance, the louvers may want to be moved out of the way to allow for solar heat gain to warm up the classroom spaces. When the louvers are moved during the winter, it allows for the low angle of the sun to penetrate directly into the classroom. To avoid glare, a rolled screen can be pulled down in the classroom, making desk area usable. However, since the outdoor temperature may not be ideal during the winter, the glass pane can remain closed, trapping the warmer air inside.

During summer months, it may be necessary to use the louvers to catch some of the solar heat before it enters the building. Since the classrooms and shop rooms are internally load dominated it is important that the building be able to breathe and release some of the heat. When this happens, the windows can slide out of place and cross ventilation can begin to happen throughout the building, cooling the spaces and the users.

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #2

Technical Analysis Task

Similarly to the previous louvers, these shading devices utilize VRPH RI WKH VDPH TXDOLWLHV ,QVWHDG RI WKH KRUL]RQWDO VODQWV WKDW ERXQFH DQG UHĂ€HFW OLJKW RQ WKH VRXWKHUQ ZDOO WKHVH YHUWLFDO louvers are placed on the east and the west facing walls. Although it is typically not advised to place windows on these walls to begin with, some are unavoidable When open, these windows allow for both direct sunlight and solar heat gain to penetrate into a space to either warm or give daylight.

When closed, the louvers trap unwanted heat gain from entering the interior spaces. Also, direct daylight that can sometimes cause unwanted glare on desk surfaces is also differed by closing the louvers. Any additional unwanted daylight can then be caught by an interior pull down screen. Also, the large doors that close off the atria from the street, utilize the vertical louvers. This allows for sunlight and ventilation to reach these spaces even when the building is closed.

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #2

Technical Analysis Task

Technical Task 2.3 : Cooling : Established Temps + RH May-Oct : Min/Max Temp + Relative Humidity Min.Temp Max.Temp Min.RH Max.RH May June July August September October

58 61 63 63 62 59

73 73 81 83 78 73

53 58 58 50 54 55

83 85 90 85 84 82

Technical Task 2.4 : Cooling : Plots of Temps + RH

Registration No. 1-1104

May

June

July

August

September

October

Technical Task #2

Technical Analysis Task

7HFKQLFDO 7DVN &RROLQJ ,GHQWLÂżFDWLRQ 6WUDWHJLHV

Passive Cooling Strategies may include:

1. Shading the building from direct solar heat 8VLQJ IDQV FDQ FRRO D VSDFH E\ DOPRVW ¿YH GHJUHHV WKLV UHTXLUHV WKH EXLOGLQJ WR UHO\ OHVV RQ FRQYHQWLRQDO DLU FRQGLWLRQLQJ %\ RSHQLQJ XS ZLQGRZV DQG DOORZLQJ WKH EXLOGLQJ WR ³EUHDWKH´ RXWGRRU DLU LV DOORZHG WR FLUFXODWH WKURXJK WKH VSDFH cooling the building 4. Using a high thermal mass, absorbs a majority of the solar heat throughout the day and then releases it into the building at night, allowing space to not get overheated throughout the day when occupants are inside

Design Guidelines for Long Beach, California:

1. Heat gain from equipment, lights, and occupants will greatly reduce heating needs so keep home tight, well insulated (use ventilation in summer) 2. On hot days ceiling fans or indoor air motion can make it seem cooler by at least 5 degrees F thus less air conditioning is needed 3. For passive solar heating face most of the glass area south to maximize winter sun exposure, but design overhangs to fully shade in summer 4. This is one of the more comfortable climates, so shade to prevent overheating, open to breezes in summer, and use passive solar gain in winter 5. Window overhangs (designed for this latitude) or operable sunshades (extend in summer, retract in winter) can reduce or eliminate air conditioning 6. Sunny wind-protected outdoor spaces can extend living areas in cool weather 7. Lower the indoor comfort temperature at night to reduce heating energy consumption 8. Provide double pane high performance glazing (Low-E) on west, north, and east, but clear on south for maximum passive solar gain 9. A whole-house fan or natural ventilation can store nighttime ‘coolth’ in high mass interior surfaces, thus reducing or eliminating air conditioning 2UJDQL]H Ă€RRU SODQ VR ZLQWHU VXQ SHQHWUDWHV LQWR GD\WLPH XVH VSDFHV ZLWK VSHFLÂżF IXQFWLRQV WKDW FRLQFLGH ZLWK VRODU RULHQWDWLRQ 11. Trees (neither conifer nor deciduous) should not be planted in front of passive solar windows, but rather beyond 45 degrees from each corner 8VH KLJK PDVV LQWHULRU PDWHULDOV OLNH VODE Ă€RRUV KLJK PDVV ZDOOV DQG D VWRQH ÂżUHSODFH WR VWRUH ZLQWHU SDVVLYH KHDW DQG VXPPHU QLJKW ÂľFRROWKÂś 13. Good natural ventilation can reduce or eliminate air conditioning in warm weather, if windows are well shaded and oriented to prevailing breezes 14. Locate garages or storage areas on the side of the building facing the coldest wind to help insulate 15. Locate door and window openings on opposite sides of building to facilitate cross ventilation, with larger areas facing up-wind 16. Use light colored building materials and cool roofs (with high emissivity) to minimize conducted heat gain 17. High mass interior surfaces like stone, brick, tile, or slate, feel naturally cool on hot days and can reduce day-to-night temperature swings

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #2

Technical Analysis Task

7HFKQLFDO 7DVN &RROLQJ ,OOXVWUDWLRQ RI 6WUDWHJLHV Diagram of b

uilding opera

bility

The building really starts to work and breathe in the climate of Long Beach, California. By using thermal mass on the south facades, the building collects much of the solar heat throughout the day and then releases it back into the building during the night. This keeps the building from overheating when the occupants are using the space. Operability is also key. Not only do the louvers and windows move to allow for natural ventilation in the classrooms, but the roof and large doors on the atrium space do as well. When the building LV QRW EHLQJ RFFXSLHG RU WKH ZHDWKHU LV UDLQ\ DQG FROG WKH EXLOGLQJ DQG ³FORVH´ XS DQG IXQFWLRQ RQ LWV RZQ +RZHYHU GXULQJ D PDMRULW\ of the year, the building can operate without the use of conventional heating and cooling. The atria work with the windows and louvers to create shading devices and to help prevent overheated corridors.

Diagram of operable doors at ends of atria

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #2

Technical Analysis Task

Technical Analysis Task #3 Sun Penetration and Solar Control

Determination of Solar Properties 3.1 Daylighting Study : Physical Model 3.2 Analysis and Summary 3.3 Preliminary Sun Studies and Designs Options 3.4

Technical Task 3.1 : Determination of Solar Properties PEC SOLAR CALCULATOR

SOLAR ALTITUDE

Annual Version, PG&E Energy Center

INPUT: LATITUDE SURFACE AZIMUTH (0=S,+E, -W) SURFACE TILT (90 = Vert) TRANS @ NORMAL

ENTER DESIRED VARIABLE:

South Leading Edge Net Zero Competition ANNUAL SUMMARY:

33 33 °LA 0.0 00 °AZI 90 0.9

1

1 = Solar Altitude 2 = Solar Azimuth 3 = Solar Surface Azimuth 4 = Angle of Incidence 5 = Profile Angle 6 = Direct Radiation 7 = Diffuse Radiation 8 = Total Radiation 9 = Trans. Radiation The above spreadsheet calculates the major solar variables for a specific latitude and surface orientation. i t ti For F more information i f ti contact t t Charles Ch l C. Benton or Robert Marcial, The PG&E Energy Center, 851 Howard Street, San Francisco, CA 94103

Degrees above Horizon

Hour

DEC

JAN-NOV

FEB-OCT

MAR-SEP

APR-AUG

MAY-JUL

JUNE

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.7 19.1 19 1 26.7 31.8 33.6 31.8 26.7 19.1 9.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 12.0 21 8 21.8 29.8 35.1 37.0 35.1 29.8 21.8 12.0 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.4 18.1 28 7 28.7 37.7 43.9 46.2 43.9 37.7 28.7 18.1 6.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 12.5 24.8 36.4 36 4 46.6 54.1 57.0 54.1 46.6 36.4 24.8 12.5 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 6.3 18.8 31.4 43 7 43.7 55.2 64.6 68.6 64.6 55.2 43.7 31.4 18.8 6.3 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 10.7 23.0 35.5 48 0 48.0 60.3 71.4 77.0 71.4 60.3 48.0 35.5 23.0 10.7 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1.0 12.5 24.6 37.0 49.5 49 5 62.0 73.7 80.5 73.7 62.0 49.5 37.0 24.6 12.5 1.0 0 0 0 0 0

PEC SOLAR CALCULATOR

LATITUDE SURFACE AZIMUTH (0=S,+E, -W) SURFACE TILT (90 = Vert) TRANS @ NORMAL

ENTER DESIRED VARIABLE:

ANNUAL SUMMARY:

2

1 = Solar Altitude 2 = Solar Azimuth 3 = Solar Surface Azimuth 4 = Angle of Incidence 5 = Profile Angle 6 = Direct Radiation 7 = Diffuse Radiation 8 = Total Radiation 9 = Trans. Radiation The above spreadsheet calculates the major solar variables for a specific latitude and surface orientation. i t ti For F more information i f ti contact t t Charles Ch l C. Benton or Robert Marcial, The PG&E Energy Center, 851 Howard Street, San Francisco, CA 94103

DEC

JAN-NOV

FEB-OCT

MAR-SEP

APR-AUG

MAY-JUL

JUNE

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53.7 43.4 43 4 30.9 16.2 0 - 16.2 - 30.9 - 43.4 - 53.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65.2 56.3 45 7 45.7 32.8 17.3 0 - 17.3 - 32.8 - 45.7 - 56.3 - 65.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 72.7 63.5 52 4 52.4 38.4 20.7 0 - 20.7 - 38.4 - 52.4 - 63.5 - 72.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 90.0 81.7 72.5 61.4 61 4 46.7 26.2 0 - 26.2 - 46.7 - 61.4 - 72.5 - 81.7 - 90.0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 99.8 91.8 83.4 73 2 73.2 59.1 36.2 0 - 36.2 - 59.1 - 73.2 - 83.4 - 91.8 - 99.8 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 107.0 99.7 92.2 83 6 83.6 71.6 49.5 0 - 49.5 - 71.6 - 83.6 - 92.2 - 99.7 - 107.0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 117.6 110.0 103.0 96.0 88.3 88 3 77.8 57.9 0 - 57.9 - 77.8 - 88.3 - 96.0 - 103.0 - 110.0 - 117.6 0 0 0 0 0

PEC SOLAR CALCULATOR

ENTER DESIRED VARIABLE:

The above spreadsheet calculates the major solar variables for a specific latitude and surface orientation. i t ti For F more information i f ti contact t t Charles Ch l C. Benton or Robert Marcial, The PG&E Energy Center, 851 Howard Street, San Francisco, CA 94103

Registration No. 1-1104

19.1 36.4

33.6 57.0

19.1 36.4

Solar Azimuth

9a

12p

3p

88.3

00.0

-88.3

00.0 61.4

00.0 57.0

00.0 -61.4

3UR¿OH $QJOH

9a

12p

3p

June December Mar/Sept

88.5

80.5

88.5

25.5 57.0

33.6 57.0

25.5 57.0

June December Mar/Sept

PROFILE ANGLE

ANNUAL SUMMARY:

5

3p 49.5

South Leading Edge Net Zero Competition

33 33 °LA 0.0 00 °AZI 90 0.9

1 = Solar Altitude 2 = Solar Azimuth 3 = Solar Surface Azimuth 4 = Angle of Incidence 5 = Profile Angle 6 = Direct Radiation 7 = Diffuse Radiation 8 = Total Radiation 9 = Trans. Radiation

12p 80.5

Degrees from South

Hour

Annual Version, PG&E Energy Center

LATITUDE SURFACE AZIMUTH (0=S,+E, -W) SURFACE TILT (90 = Vert) TRANS @ NORMAL

9a 49.5

South Leading Edge Net Zero Competition

33 33 °LA 0.0 00 °AZI 90 0.9

INPUT:

June December Mar/Sept

SOLAR AZIMUTH

Annual Version, PG&E Energy Center

INPUT:

Solar Altitude

Degrees (in Section)

Hour

DEC

JAN-NOV

FEB-OCT

MAR-SEP

APR-AUG

MAY-JUL

JUNE

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16.1 25.5 25 5 30.4 32.8 33.6 32.8 30.4 25.5 16.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4 20.9 29 8 29.8 34.2 36.4 37.0 36.4 34.2 29.8 20.9 2.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20.6 36.1 41 9 41.9 44.6 45.8 46.2 45.8 44.6 41.9 36.1 20.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57 0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 79.3 73 2 73.2 70.3 69.0 68.6 69.0 70.3 73.2 79.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 84 2 84.2 79.8 77.6 77.0 77.6 79.8 84.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 88.5 88 5 83.6 81.2 80.5 81.2 83.6 88.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Technical Task #3

Technical Analysis Task

Technical Task 3.2 : Daylighting Study : Physical Model June Daylighting Study of Second Floor Classroom 9:00 am Untreated Window System

9:00 am Window System with Moveable Louvers

12:00 pm Untreated Window System

12:00 pm Window System with Moveable Louvers

3:00 pm Untreated Window System

3:00 pm Window System with Moveable Louvers

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #3

Technical Analysis Task

December Daylighting Study of Second Floor Classroom 9:00 am Untreated Window System

9:00 am Window System with Moveable Louvers

12:00 pm Untreated Window System

12:00 pm Window System with Moveable Louvers

3:00 pm Untreated Window System

3:00 pm Window System with Moveable Louvers

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #3

Technical Analysis Task

March/September Daylighting Study of Second Floor Classroom 9:00 am Untreated Window System

9:00 am Window System with Moveable Louvers

12:00 pm Untreated Window System

12:00 pm Window System with Moveable Louvers

3:00 pm Untreated Window System

3:00 pm Window System with Moveable Louvers

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #3

Technical Analysis Task

Overall Photographs of Model Overall Model : Exterior Photograph

Overall Model with Sun Dial Shadow Chart

Overall Model : Electrical Tape covering seams

Detail of Moveable Louvers

Overall South Facade

North Facing Windows and Atrium Space

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #3

Technical Analysis Task

Technical Task 3.3 : Analysis and Summary One goal of any net-zero building is the utilization of glazing and shading systems that will allow for high quality natural lighting while minimizing the negative thermal impact of the sun. Our building is no different in its goal, but varies in the execution. As many buildings will have, at minimum, a set system for shading and glazing systems, and occasionally will have a system that mechanically responds WR VSHFLÂżF HQYLURQPHQWDO HOHPHQWV 2XU EXLOGLQJ SXWV WKLV FRQWURO LQ WKH KDQGV RI WKH XVHUV 7KURXJKRXW WKH EXLOGLQJ WKHUH DUH YDULRXV ‘hands-on’ ways that the user can adjust their environments. This not only starts to account for human comfort variations, but also emphasizes the education of users on how the building’s systems work - a goal of an environmental training center. A student will learn hands-on that setting the system up in one orientation will cause the environment of the classroom to shift in comparison to another option (spaces can warm quickly, glare can strike on desk surfaces, etc.). Our building started as a response to the solar angles on the site, and has steadily maintained that course in keeping the sun as one of the primary driving forces in the design. Aside from rotating the building forms for late morning sun exposure, we have taken other steps LQ DGDSWDWLRQ RI IRUP WR DGGUHVV WKH VXQ %\ VWHSSLQJ XS WKH EXLOGLQJ ZH KDYH FUHDWHG DWULXP VSDFHV WKDW EHQHÂżW IURP DPELHQW OLJKW EXW rarely have to respond to the heat intensive, direct rays. Programmed spaces that are highest in interior heat gain like the auditorium and shop spaces, have been placed deep inside the space to completely eliminate direct solar gain. The building also responds to the need for daylight without solar heat gain by utilizing various shading systems through out the building. These systems are dependant not only RQ WKH IDFDGH GLUHFWLRQ EXW DOVR EDVHG RQ WKH ORFDWLRQ LQ WKH IDFDGH $Q H[DPSOH ZRXOG EH WKH VWXGHQW ORXQJH ÂżUVW Ă€RRU RQ WKH QRUWK side of the atrium. This spaces features a relatively high amount of glazing on the south side, but due to the fact that it is in the shadow of the adjacent structure, a large percent of glazing is required to achieve an effective daylighting factor. By using these strategies and RWKHUV VXFK DV WKH DWULXP VSDFHV DV WKHUPDO FKLPQH\V RXU JRDO KDV EHHQ WR XWLOL]H RIWHQ ÂłQHJDWLYH´ HIIHFWV RI WKH VXQ DV SRVLWLYHV WR KHOS passively heat and cool the spaces.

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #3

Technical Analysis Task

Technical Task 3.4 : Preliminary Sun Studies and Design Options

Overall site diagram illustrates main original ideas. Stepping up form to the north allows for photovoltaics and additional green space to be utilized by classrooms and shop rooms.

&URVV 6HFWLRQ WKURXJK VLWH ORRNLQJ :HVW ,OOXVWUDWHV ³VWHSSLQJ XS´ WR WKH QRUWK WR GD\OLJKW WKH FODVVURRP VSDFHV 7KLV also allows for more photovoltaics to face south without being obstructed.

Simple section (looking East). Demonstrates preliminary ideas and planning for louver system that will eventually allow UHÀHFWHG GD\OLJKW LQWR FODVVURRP VSDFHV

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #3

Technical Analysis Task

Technical Analysis Task #4 Heat Gains and Losses Through South Glazing

Heat Gain through South Glazing 4.1 Calculation of Heat Loss : South Glazing 4.2 Analysis and Summary 4.3

Technical Task 4.1 : Heat Gain through South Glazing MEEB Appendix C, Table C.15 (page 1520 - 1525) 9HUWLFDO 6XUIDFH 9DOXH ³96´ IRU 6DQWD %DUEDUD &$ LQ -DQXDU\ LV %WX IW2 per day

$UHD RI 6RXWK *ODVV [ ³96´ 2

3,410 ft of South Glass

x

= Total Heat Gain

1198 Btu/ft2 day = 4,085,180 Btu/day

The Competition Design has incorporated and utilizes a number of shading devices to offset the heat gained through south glazing. The moveable louvers are located RQ WKH H[WHULRU RI WKH JOD]LQJ DQG KDV D VKDGLQJ FRHIÂżFLHQW RI LQ WKH VXPPHU ZKLFK JUHDWO\ UHGXFHV WKH DPRXQW RI VRODU JDLQ ,Q WKH ZLQWHU WKHVH VKDGLQJ GHYLFHV move along the exterior wall and out of the way of the window. This allows for the classroom spaces to be warmed by direct solar gain when needed. To offset the potential glare produced by the sun, the shade screen can be pulled down from the interior side of the wall.

Technical Task 4.2 : Heat Loss through South Glazing MEEB Appendix Table E.15 (page 1585 - 1586)

U window (Btu/hr ft2 *F) x 24 (hr/day) x change of Temperature (*F) 2

.15 (Btu/hr ft *F) x 24 (hrs/day) x (65 - 41) (*F)

= Heat Loss (Btu/ft2 day)

2

= 86.4 Btu/ ft per day

86.4 Btu/ ft2 per day x (area of glazing) = Total Heat Loss 86.4 Btu/ ft2 per day x (3,410 ft2) = 294,624 Btu/ day

Total Heat Gain - 4,085,180 Btu/day Total Heat Loss - 294,624 Btu/ day

Technical Task 4.3 : Analysis and Summary After doing these calculations on heat gain and loss through the southern glazing, it became clear that the amount of gain through the windows is exceptionally large relative to the loss through the same glazing surface. That said, the primary design strategy is to utilize exterior shading systems DQG JOD]LQJ WKDW KDV D ORZ 6RODU +HDW *DLQ &RHIÂżFLHQW ZLWK D VHFRQGDU\ VWUDWHJ\ RQ PDLQWDLQLQJ D ORZ 8 YDOXH LQ WKH JOD]LQJ V\VWHP %\ XWLOL]LQJ WKHVH VWUDWHJLHV LQ WKH GHVLJQ ZH KDYH DOWHUHG WKH DPRXQW RI JOD]LQJ RQ WKH IDFDGH EDVHG RQ WKH HIIHFWLYHQHVV DQG HIÂżFLHQF\ RI WKH VKDGLQJ V\VWHP ,WÂśV DELOLW\ WR EORFN 'LUHFW 6RODU +HDW *DLQ LV NH\ LQ NHHSLQJ WKH FODVVURRP VSDFHV DW D PDQDJHDEOH WHPSHUDWXUH :LWK DQ HIIHFWLYH VKDGLQJ V\VWHP we can greatly increase the amount of glazing area on the south facade, allowing for a higher daylighting factor. The operable shading system that we used, allows the user to have a large surface area of glazing which results in the ability to have an effective amount of Direct Heat Gain to heat FROG ZLQWHU VSDFHV LI GHVLUHG ,I WKH VSDFH EHFRPHV WRR ZDUP WKH VKDGLQJ V\VWHP FDQ EH VOLG RYHU WR DEVRUE D ODUJH SRUWLRQ RI WKH GLUHFW VRODU KHDW before it penetrates the interior space. The above system will be utilized in a similar way in summer conditions. Despite a much warmer sun, the angle of incidence becomes much less GLUHFW LQ WKH VXPPHU PRQWKV ,W LV K\SRWKHVL]HG WKDW JOD]LQJ LQ WKH VXPPHU PRQWKV ZLOO LQGHHG KDYH D JUHDWHU KHDW JDLQ WKDQ LQ WKH ZLQWHU PRQWKV but due to the increased angle, will not be as drastic as one would imagine initially.

Registration No. 1-1104

Technical Task #4

Technical Analysis Task

3DUW ,, $GGLWLRQDO &DOFXODWLRQV DQG 'HVLJQ 7RROV

Summary of Results : Additional Calculations and Design Tools Design Tables : Base Case Analysis Location Plans Base Case Charts

Design Tables : Competition Design Case Analysis 3.1 3.2

Location Plans Competition Design Case Charts

Charts Environmental System Design : Sizing Calculations 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4

Overall Summary for Base and Design Cases Sample Months : January and July Summaries Photovoltaic Demand Water Catchment

Landscape Selection 5.1 Fifty Percent Landscaped Site 5.2 Why Xeriscaping? /DQGVFDSLQJ 6SHFL多FDWLRQV Material References 0DWHULDO 3DOOHW 3UHFHGHQW ,PDJHV 6.2 Wall, Window, + Roof Materials 3DUW ,, 5HIHUHQFH &KDUWV 7.1 7.3 7.4

Monthly Comfort Level Assessment ,QWHUQDO +HDW *DLQ &KDUW PEC Solar Calculator - Radiation on North, East, South, West Facades Photovoltaic Panel Collection Rate per Month

3DUW ,, $GGLWLRQDO &DOFXODWLRQV DQG 'HVLJQ 7RROV

2.1 2.2

Summary of Results Additional Calculations and Design Tools 7KH ¿UVW IHZ VHFWLRQV LQ 3DUW ,, RI WKH UHSRUW SUHVHQW WKH H[FHO GHVLJQ WRRO RXU WHDP FUHDWHG LQ RUGHU WR KDYH D PRUH FRPSUHKHQVLYH XQGHUVWDQGLQJ RI WKH HIIHFWV RXU GHVLJQ GHFLVLRQV ZHUH KDYLQJ RQ WKH SURMHFWV RYHUDOO HQHUJ\ HI¿FLHQF\ 7KH %DVH &DVH LV SUHVHQWHG XVLQJ RXU JHQHUDO GHVLJQ footprint with rules of thumbs for our variable entries such as 30% glazing, base windows and wall construction, and no shading devices. From WKH EDVH FDVH ZH EHJDQ ORRNLQJ DW ZKDW HOHPHQWV KDG WKH ODUJHVW LPSDFW RQ EXLOGLQJ HQHUJ\ FRQVXPSWLRQ ,Q WKLV FDVH LW ZDV WKH 6RODU +HDW *DLQ WKURXJK JOD]LQJ IROORZHG E\ HQYHORSH KHDW ÀRZ WKHQ LQWHUQDO KHDW JDLQ :H XVHG WKHVH IDFWRUV DV D SODFH WR VWDUW IRU GHVLJQ VWUDWHJLHV Although not totally comprehensive, our design tool allowed for an easy change and evaluation of the following design variables that we wanted to address for each space: 1. Percent of glazing in each facade 2. Material U-Values 3. Number of people per space 3HUIRUPDQFH RI JOD]LQJ VRODU KHDW JDLQ FRHI¿FLHQWV DQG 8 YDOXHV

6KDGLQJ FRHI¿FLHQWV IRU GLIIHUHQW VKDGLQJ W\SHV 6. General analysis of Atrium micro climate 7KH DELOLW\ WR PDNH D VSHFL¿F FKDQJH DQG VHH WKH LQÀXHQFH QHDUO\ LQVWDQWO\ DOORZHG VHYHUDO LWHUDWLRQV LQ D VKRUW DPRXQW RI WLPH OHDGLQJ WR WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI WKH VOLGLQJ VKDGLQJ DQG VFUHHQLQJ V\VWHPV DV ZHOO DV GH¿QHG WKH LPSDFWV UHQGHUHG E\ DOWHULQJ WKH RYHUDOO JOD]LQJ SHUFHQWDJH per facade. These sheets were also helpful as they provided a more customized evaluation tool to look at the effects of having an open vs closed EXLGOLQJ DQG KRZ DQ DWULXP PLFUR FOLPDWH ZRXOG HIIHFW WKH HQHUJ\ HI¿FLHQF\ 7KH UHPDLQLQJ VHFWLRQV RI 3DUW ,, GLVFXVV VXPPDU\ VKHHWV IURP WKH EDVH DQG GHVLJQ FDVHV EHJLQV WR VL]H HQHUJ\ SURGXFWLRQ VXFK DV 39 SDQHOV and water collection to offset building energy use, and presents additional design decisions and features such as landscaping selection and material selection.

Design Tables Base Case Analysis

Location Plans 2.1 Base Case Charts 2.2

2.1 : Location Reference Plans The dark gray spaces indicate the numbering system used to organize the additional calculation analysis completed RQ WKH GHVLJQHG EXLOGLQJ ,Q WKH IROORZLQJ FKDUWV WKHVH GLDJUDPV ZLOO KHOS LGHQWLI\ WKH VSDFHV EHLQJ H[DPLQHG 6SDFH number, as well as use are listed.

106 Classroom

107 2IÂżFH

101 Assembly

102 Sit Down Dinning

104 Classroom

103 Classroom

105 Classroom

Building Footprint (36%)

Xeriscaped Landscape (64%)

Registration No. 1-1104

First Floor Reference Plan

Design Tables : Base Case Analysis

Calculations and Design Tools

206 Classroom

201 Classroom

202 Classroom

204 Classroom

203 Classroom

306 General

Second Floor Reference Plan

301 2I多FH

302 Classroom

Third Floor Reference Plan

Registration No. 1-1104

Design Tables : Base Case Analysis

Calculations and Design Tools

2.2 : Base Case Analysis Tool ,W LV LPSRUWDQW WR QRWH WKDW WKH EDVH FDVH DQDO\VLV LV WKH EDVLF SURJUDP XWLOL]LQJ RXU EXLOGLQJ IRUP 7KHVH UHVXOWV represent a typical building without sustainable variables. The numbers highlighted in gray are design variables used to compare and contrast between the base case building and the competition case designs. These variables informed our architectural decisions. Further changes and adjustments were made during the design and development of the building. These excel tools were used in the preliminary development of the sustainable, architectural features, such as an exterior screen differing solar heat gain from the interior spaces.

Registration No. 1-1104

Design Tables : Base Case Analysis

Calculations and Design Tools

General Space Input Data

Space #

101 Assembly

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

90

15

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1800

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 60 60 30 30

S.F. 900 900 450 450

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 270 270 135 135

January:

30,219

Month1

69,931

32,040

14,930,573

January

42,549

32,040

8,926,605

July

69 931 (January - Loss) 69,931

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 630 630 315 315

42 549 (July - Gain) 42,549

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Roof

(Loss)

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( ˚F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

19,086 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

270 270

1.3 1.3

630 630

0.074 0.074

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

270 270

January (Loss) July (Gain)

135 135

1.3 1.3

630 630

0.074 0.074

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

1.3 1.3

315 315

0.074 0.074

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

10736 6362

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

8748 6362

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

5368 3181

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

135 135

1.3 1.3

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

315 315

0.074 0.074

0 0

January:

346

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

135

5368 3181

(Gain)

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

39,366

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

23,328 (Gain)

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 90 0.018 15 60 38 65 39,366 90 0.018 15 60 90 74 23,328

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

32,040 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

25,200

32,040 (July) July:

25,200

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 1800

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 14 25,200

0

July:

0

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 1800

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0 0

6,840

July:

6,840

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 1800

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 3.8 6,840

14,930,573 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

8,926,605 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 270 270 (Area Glaze) 270 270 (Area Glaze) 135 135 (Area Glaze) 135 135

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1 00 1.00 1.00

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0 79 0.79 0.79

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 998,457 = Heat Gain Month 11,300,421 2,049,813 = Heat Gain Month 1,815,076 2,939,167 = Heat Gain Month 1 815 076 1,815,076 2,939,167

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

102 Sit Down Dinning

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

15

15

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1200

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 600 600 450 450

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 180 180 135 135

January:

23,725

Month1

30,632

25,920

11,163,767

January

18,867

25,920

7,910,515

July

30 632 (January - Loss) 30,632

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 420 420 315 315

18 867 (July - Gain) 18,867

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

(Loss)

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

14,844 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

180 180

1.3 1.3

420 420

0.074 0.074

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

180 180

January (Loss) July (Gain)

135 135

1.3 1.3

420 420

0.074 0.074

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

1.3 1.3

315 315

0.074 0.074

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

7157 4241

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

5832 4241

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

5368 3181

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

135 135

1.3 1.3

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

315 315

0.074 0.074

0 0

January:

346

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

135

(Gain)

3,888

(Gain)

5368 3181

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

6,561

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 15 0.018 15 60 38 65 6,561 15 0.018 15 60 90 74 3,888

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

25,920 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

12,240

25,920 (July) July:

12,240

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 1200

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 10.2 12,240

6,120

July:

6,120

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 1200

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 5.1 6,120

7,560

July:

7,560

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 1200

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 6.3 7,560

11,163,767 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

7,910,515 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 180 180 (Area Glaze) 180 180 (Area Glaze) 135 135 (Area Glaze) 135 135

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1 00 1.00 1.00

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0 79 0.79 0.79

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 665,638 = Heat Gain Month 7,533,614 1,366,542 = Heat Gain Month 1,815,076 2,939,167 = Heat Gain Month 1 815 076 1,815,076 2,939,167

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

103 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

25

15

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1200

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 600 600 450 450

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 180 180 135 135

January:

22,399

Month1

33,680

10,320

11,163,767

January

21,459

10,320

7,910,515

July

33 680 (January - Loss) 33,680

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 420 420 315 315

21 459 (July - Gain) 21,459

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

(Loss)

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

14,844 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

180 180

1.3 1.3

420 420

0.074 0.074

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

180 180

January (Loss) July (Gain)

135 135

1.3 1.3

420 420

0.074 0.074

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

1.3 1.3

315 315

0.074 0.074

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

5832 4241

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

5832 4241

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

5368 3181

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

135 135

1.3 1.3

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

315 315

0.074 0.074

0 0

January:

346

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

135

(Gain)

6,480

(Gain)

5368 3181

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

10,935

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 25 0.018 15 60 38 65 10,935 25 0.018 15 60 90 74 6,480

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

10,320 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

2,040

10,320 (July) July:

2,040

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 1200

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.7 2,040

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 1200

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 720

7,560

July:

7,560

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 1200

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 6.3 7,560

11,163,767 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

7,910,515 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 180 180 (Area Glaze) 180 180 (Area Glaze) 135 135 (Area Glaze) 135 135

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1 00 1.00 1.00

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0 79 0.79 0.79

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 665,638 = Heat Gain Month 7,533,614 1,366,542 = Heat Gain Month 1,815,076 2,939,167 = Heat Gain Month 1 815 076 1,815,076 2,939,167

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

104 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

20

15

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1200

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 600 600 450 450

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 180 180 135 135

January:

22,399

Month1

31,493

10,320

11,163,767

January

20,163

10,320

7,910,515

July

31 493 (January - Loss) 31,493

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 420 420 315 315

20 163 (July - Gain) 20,163

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

(Loss)

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

14,844 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

180 180

1.3 1.3

420 420

0.074 0.074

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

180 180

January (Loss) July (Gain)

135 135

1.3 1.3

420 420

0.074 0.074

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

1.3 1.3

315 315

0.074 0.074

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

5832 4241

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

5832 4241

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

5368 3181

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

135 135

1.3 1.3

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

315 315

0.074 0.074

0 0

January:

346

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

135

(Gain)

5,184

(Gain)

5368 3181

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

8,748

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 20 0.018 15 60 38 65 8,748 20 0.018 15 60 90 74 5,184

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

10,320 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

2,040

10,320 (July) July:

2,040

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 1200

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.7 2,040

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 1200

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 720

7,560

July:

7,560

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 1200

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 6.3 7,560

11,163,767 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

7,910,515 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 180 180 (Area Glaze) 180 180 (Area Glaze) 135 135 (Area Glaze) 135 135

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1 00 1.00 1.00

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0 79 0.79 0.79

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 665,638 = Heat Gain Month 7,533,614 1,366,542 = Heat Gain Month 1,815,076 2,939,167 = Heat Gain Month 1 815 076 1,815,076 2,939,167

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

105 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

60

15

3000

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 3000

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 100 100 30 30

S.F. 1500 1500 450 450

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 450 450 135 135

January:

50,933

Month1

77,523

25,800

22,464,187

January

48,055

25,800

10,958,785

July

77 523 (January - Loss) 77,523

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 1050 1050 315 315

48 055 (July - Gain) 48,055

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

(Loss)

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

32,368 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

450 450

1.3 1.3

1050 1050

0.074 0.074

x

3000 3000

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

450 450

January (Loss) July (Gain)

135 135

1.3 1.3

1050 1050

0.074 0.074

3000 3000

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

1.3 1.3

315 315

0.074 0.074

3000 3000

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

16229 11803

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

19918 11803

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

7393 4381

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

135 135

1.3 1.3

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

315 315

0.074 0.074

January:

346

3000 3000

0.025 0.025

(Loss)

38 90

65 74

July:

135

7393 4381

(Gain)

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

26,244

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

15,552 (Gain)

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 60 0.018 15 60 38 65 26,244 60 0.018 15 60 90 74 15,552

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

25,800 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

5,100

25,800 (July) July:

5,100

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 3000

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.7 5,100

1,800

July:

1,800

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 3000

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 1,800

18,900

July:

18,900

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 3000

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 6.3 18,900

22,464,187 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

10,958,785 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 450 450 (Area Glaze) 450 450 (Area Glaze) 135 135 (Area Glaze) 135 135

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1 00 1.00 1.00

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0 79 0.79 0.79

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 1,664,096 = Heat Gain Month 18,834,035 3,416,355 = Heat Gain Month 1,815,076 2,939,167 = Heat Gain Month 1 815 076 1,815,076 2,939,167

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

106 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

25

15

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1750

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 70 70 25 25

S.F. 1050 1050 375 375

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 315 315 112.5 112.5

January:

33,997

Month1

45,277

15,050

16,208,951

January

26,761

15,050

8,454,928

July

45 277 (January - Loss) 45,277

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 735 735 262.5 262.5

26 761 (July - Gain) 26,761

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

(Loss)

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

20,146 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

315 315

1.3 1.3

735 735

0.074 0.074

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

315 315

January (Loss)

112.5 112.5

January (Loss) July (Gain)

112.5 112.5

1.3 1.3

735 735

0.074 0.074

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

1.3 1.3

262.5 262.5

0.074 0.074

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

12525 7422

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

12525 7422

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

4473 2651

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

1.3 1.3

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

262.5 262.5

0.074 0.074

0 0

January:

346

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

135

(Gain)

6,480

(Gain)

4473 2651

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

10,935

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 25 0.018 15 60 38 65 10,935 25 0.018 15 60 90 74 6,480

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

15,050 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

2,975

15,050 (July) July:

2,975

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 1750

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.7 2,975

1,050

July:

1,050

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 1750

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 1,050

11,025

July:

11,025

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 1750

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 6.3 11,025

16,208,951 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

8,454,928 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 315 315 (Area Glaze) 315 315 (Area Glaze) 112.5 112.5 (Area Glaze) 112 5 112.5 112.5

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1 00 1.00 1.00

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0 79 0.79 0.79

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 1,164,867 = Heat Gain Month 13,183,824 2,391,449 = Heat Gain Month 1,512,564 2,449,306 = Heat Gain Month 1 512 564 1,512,564 2,449,306

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

107 Office

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

20

15

2700

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 2700

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 45 45 60 60

S.F. 675 675 900 900

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 202.5 202.5 270 270

January:

44,865

Month1

53,959

22,680

15,735,621

January

31,906

22,680

14,042,872

July

53 959 (January - Loss) 53,959

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 472.5 472.5 630 630

31 906 (July - Gain) 31,906

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

(Loss)

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

26,587 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

202.5 202.5

1.3 1.3

472.5 472.5

0.074 0.074

x

2700 2700

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

202.5 202.5

January (Loss) July (Gain)

270 270

1.3 1.3

472.5 472.5

0.074 0.074

2700 2700

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

1.3 1.3

630 630

0.074 0.074

2700 2700

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

9874 5851

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

9874 5851

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

12558 7442

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

270 270

1.3 1.3

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

630 630

0.074 0.074

January:

346

2700 2700

0.025 0.025

(Loss)

38 90

65 74

July:

135

(Gain)

5,184

(Gain)

12558 7442

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

8,748

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 20 0.018 15 60 38 65 8,748 20 0.018 15 60 90 74 5,184

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

22,680 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

3,510

22,680 (July) July:

3,510

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 2700

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.3 3,510

13,770

July:

13,770

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 2700

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 5.1 13,770

5,400

July:

5,400

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 2700

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 2 5,400

15,735,621 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

14,042,872 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 202.5 202.5 (Area Glaze) 202.5 202.5 (Area Glaze) 270 270 (Area Glaze) 270 270

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1 00 1.00 1.00

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0 79 0.79 0.79

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 748,843 = Heat Gain Month 8,475,316 1,537,360 = Heat Gain Month 3,630,153 5,878,335 = Heat Gain Month 3 630 153 3,630,153 5,878,335

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

201 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

30

12

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 2975

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 85 85 35 35

S.F. 1020 1020 420 420

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 306 306 126 126

January:

32,101

Month1

45,500

25,585

16,195,286

January

28,242

25,585

8,941,152

July

45 500 (January - Loss) 45,500

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 714 714 294 294

28 242 (July - Gain) 28,242

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

(Loss)

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

20,358 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

306 306

1.3 1.3

714 714

0.074 0.074

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

306 306

January (Loss) July (Gain)

126 126

1.3 1.3

714 714

0.074 0.074

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

1.3 1.3

294 294

0.074 0.074

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

12167 7210

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

9914 7210

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

5010 2969

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

126 126

1.3 1.3

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

294 294

0.074 0.074

0 0

January:

277

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

108

(Gain)

7,776

(Gain)

5010 2969

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 780 38 65 0.48 0.018 780 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

13,122

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 277 108

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 30 0.018 15 60 38 65 13,122 30 0.018 15 60 90 74 7,776

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

25,585 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

5,058

25,585 (July) July:

5,058

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 2975

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.7 5,058

1,785

July:

1,785

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 2975

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 1,785

18,743

July:

18,743

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 2975

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 6.3 18,743

16,195,286 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

8,941,152 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 306 306 (Area Glaze) 306 306 (Area Glaze) 126 126 (Area Glaze) 126 126

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1 00 1.00 1.00

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0 79 0.79 0.79

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 1,131,585 = Heat Gain Month 12,807,143 2,323,121 = Heat Gain Month 1,694,071 2,743,223 = Heat Gain Month 1 694 071 1,694,071 2,743,223

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting is based on the Daylight Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

202 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

30

12

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1200

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 480 480 360 360

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 144 144 108 108

January:

18,980

Month1

32,378

10,320

8,931,013

January

19,759

10,320

6,328,412

July

32 378 (January - Loss) 32,378

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 336 336 252 252

19 759 (July - Gain) 19,759

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

(Loss)

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

11,876 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

144 144

1.3 1.3

336 336

0.074 0.074

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

144 144

January (Loss) July (Gain)

108 108

1.3 1.3

336 336

0.074 0.074

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

1.3 1.3

252 252

0.074 0.074

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

5726 3393

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

4665 3393

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

4294 2545

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

108 108

1.3 1.3

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

252 252

0.074 0.074

0 0

January:

277

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

108

(Gain)

7,776

(Gain)

4294 2545

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 780 38 65 0.48 0.018 780 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

13,122

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 277 108

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 30 0.018 15 60 38 65 13,122 30 0.018 15 60 90 74 7,776

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

10,320 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

2,040

10,320 (July) July:

2,040

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 1200

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.7 2,040

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 1200

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 720

7,560

July:

7,560

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 1200

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 6.3 7,560

8,931,013 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

6,328,412 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 144 144 (Area Glaze) 144 144 (Area Glaze) 108 108 (Area Glaze) 108 108

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 1 00 1.00 1.00

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0.79 0.79 (SHGC)10 0 79 0.79 0.79

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 532,511 = Heat Gain Month 6,026,891 1,093,234 = Heat Gain Month 1,452,061 2,351,334 = Heat Gain Month 1 452 061 1,452,061 2,351,334

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

203 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

25

12

1200

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1200

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 480 480 360 360

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 144 144 108 108

January:

20,859

Month1

32,071

10,320

8,931,013

January

20,383

10,320

6,328,412

July

32 071 (January - Loss) 32,071

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 336 336 252 252

20 383 (July - Gain) 20,383

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

(Loss)

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( ˚F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

13,796 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

144 144

1.3 1.3

336 336

0.074 0.074

x

1200 1200

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

144 144

January (Loss) July (Gain)

108 108

1.3 1.3

336 336

0.074 0.074

1200 1200

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

1.3 1.3

252 252

0.074 0.074

1200 1200

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

5325 3873

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

5325 3873

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

5104 3025

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

108 108

1.3 1.3

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

252 252

0.074 0.074

January:

277

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

(Loss)

38 90

65 74

July:

108

(Gain)

6,480

(Gain)

5104 3025

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 780 38 65 0.48 0.018 780 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

10,935

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 277 108

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 25 0.018 15 60 38 65 10,935 25 0.018 15 60 90 74 6,480

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

10,320 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

10,320 (July)

2,040

July:

2,040

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

1200

1.7

January:

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h 1200

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

January:

0.6

7,560

July:

7,560

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 Btu/h 1200

6.3

8,931,013 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

6,328,412 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) 10

January July

144 144

0 151

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79

31 31

0 532,511

31 31

6,026,891 1,093,234

31 31

1,452,061 2,351,334

31 31

1 452 061 1,452,061 2,351,334

10

January July

144 144

1709 310

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79 10

January July

108 108

549 889

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79 10

January July

108 108

549 889

11.00 00 1.00

0 79 0.79 0.79

549 889

549 889

11

January July

0 151

1709 310

Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

204 Classroom

25

12

1200

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) =

1200

(Btu / h)

(Btu / h)

(Btu / Month)

32,071

10,320

8,931,013

January

20,383

10,320

6,328,412

July

32 071 (January - Loss) 32,071

20 383 (July - Gain) 20,383 2

˚

Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 480 480 360 360

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 144 144 108 108

January:

20,859

S.F. 336 336 252 252

Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

13,796

3

38 43 65 90 74

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) 5

January (Loss) July (Gain)

144 144

1.3 1.3

336 336

0.074 0.074

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

43 90

Btu/h

65 74 5

5325 3873 Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

144 144

1.3 1.3

336 336

0.074 0.074

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

108 108

1.3 1.3

252 252

0.074 0.074

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

108 108

1.3 1.3

252 252

0.074 0.074

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January:

277

July:

108

5325 3873 Btu/h

5104 3025 Btu/h

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

5104 3025

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F) Btu/h January July

0.73 0.48

0.018 0.018

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

780 780

38 90

January:

10,935

65 74

July:

6,480

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

25 25

0.018 0.018

15 15

January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

60 60

38 90

65 74

. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

10,320 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

10,320 (July)

2,040

July:

2,040

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

1200

1.7

January:

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h 1200

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

January:

0.6

7,560

July:

7,560

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 Btu/h 1200

6.3

8,931,013 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

6,328,412 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) 10

January July

144 144

0 151

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79

31 31

0 532,511

31 31

6,026,891 1,093,234

31 31

1,452,061 2,351,334

31 31

1 452 061 1,452,061 2,351,334

10

January July

144 144

1709 310

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79 10

January July

108 108

549 889

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79 10

January July

108 108

549 889

11.00 00 1.00

0 79 0.79 0.79

549 889

549 889

11

January July

0 151

1709 310

Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

206 Classroom

30

12

1000

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) =

1750

(Btu / h)

(Btu / h)

(Btu / Month)

43,296

15,050

12,967,161

January

25,601

15,050

6,763,942

July

43 296 (January - Loss) 43,296

25 601 (July - Gain) 25,601 2

˚

Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Feet 70 70 25 25

S.F. 840 840 300 300

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 252 252 90 90

January:

29,897

S.F. 588 588 210 210

Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

17,717

3

38 43 65 90 74

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) 5

January (Loss) July (Gain)

252 252

1.3 1.3

588 588

0.074 0.074

1000 1000

0.025 0.025

38 90

Btu/h

65 74 5

10695 6338 Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

252 252

1.3 1.3

588 588

0.074 0.074

1000 1000

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

90 90

1.3 1.3

210 210

0.074 0.074

1000 1000

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

90 90

1.3 1.3

210 210

0.074 0.074

1000 1000

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January:

277

July:

108

10695 6338 Btu/h

4254 2521 Btu/h

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

4254 2521

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F) Btu/h January July

0.73 0.48

0.018 0.018

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

780 780

38 90

January:

13,122

65 74

July:

7,776

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

30 30

0.018 0.018

15 15

January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

60 60

38 90

65 74

. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

15,050 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

15,050 (July)

2,975

July:

2,975

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

1750

1.7

January:

1,050

July:

1,050

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h 1750

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

January:

0.6

11,025

July:

11,025

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 Btu/h 1750

6.3

12,967,161 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

6,763,942 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) 10

January July

252 252

0 151

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79

31 31

0 931,893

31 31

10,547,059 1,913,159

31 31

1,210,051 1,959,445

31 31

1 210 051 1,210,051 1,959,445

10

January July

252 252

1709 310

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79 10

January July

90 90

549 889

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79 10

January July

90 90

549 889

11.00 00 1.00

0 79 0.79 0.79

549 889

549 889

11

January July

0 151

1709 310

Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

301 Offices

10

12

2975

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) =

2975

(Btu / h)

(Btu / h)

(Btu / Month)

44,413

20,230

16,195,286

January

27,818

20,230

8,941,152

July

44 413 (January - Loss) 44,413

27 818 (July - Gain) 27,818 2

˚

Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Feet 85 85 35 35

S.F. 1020 1020 420 420

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 306 306 126 126

January:

39,762

S.F. 714 714 294 294

Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

25,118

3

38 43 65 90 74

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) 5

January (Loss) July (Gain)

306 306

1.3 1.3

714 714

0.074 0.074

2975 2975

0.025 0.025

38 90

Btu/h

65 74 5

14175 8400 Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

306 306

1.3 1.3

714 714

0.074 0.074

2975 2975

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

126 126

1.3 1.3

294 294

0.074 0.074

2975 2975

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

126 126

1.3 1.3

294 294

0.074 0.074

2975 2975

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January:

277

July:

108

11550 8400 Btu/h

7018 4159 Btu/h

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

7018 4159

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F) Btu/h January July

0.73 0.48

0.018 0.018

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

780 780

38 90

January:

4,374

65 74

July:

2,592

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

10 10

0.018 0.018

15 15

January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

60 60

38 90

65 74

. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

20,230 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

20,230 (July)

3,868

July:

3,868

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

2975

1.3

January:

1,190

July:

1,190

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h 2975

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

January:

0.4

15,173

July:

15,173

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 Btu/h 2975

5.1

16,195,286 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

8,941,152 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) 10

January July

306 306

0 151

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79

31 31

0 1,131,585

31 31

12,807,143 2,323,121

31 31

1,694,071 2,743,223

31 31

1 694 071 1,694,071 2,743,223

10

January July

306 306

1709 310

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79 10

January July

126 126

549 889

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79 10

January July

126 126

549 889

11.00 00 1.00

0 79 0.79 0.79

549 889

549 889

11

January July

0 151

1709 310

Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

302 Classroom

30

12

1200

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) =

1200

(Btu / h)

(Btu / h)

(Btu / Month)

35,468

10,320

8,931,013

January

21,679

10,320

6,328,412

July

35 468 (January - Loss) 35,468

21 679 (July - Gain) 21,679 2

˚

Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 480 480 360 360

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 144 144 108 108

January:

22,070

S.F. 336 336 252 252

Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

13,796

3

38 43 65 90 74

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) 5

January (Loss) July (Gain)

144 144

1.3 1.3

336 336

0.074 0.074

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

38 90

Btu/h

65 74 5

6536 3873 Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

144 144

1.3 1.3

336 336

0.074 0.074

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

108 108

1.3 1.3

252 252

0.074 0.074

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

108 108

1.3 1.3

252 252

0.074 0.074

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January:

277

July:

108

5325 3873 Btu/h

5104 3025 Btu/h

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

5104 3025

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F) Btu/h January July

0.73 0.48

0.018 0.018

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

780 780

38 90

January:

13,122

65 74

July:

7,776

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

30 30

0.018 0.018

15 15

January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

60 60

38 90

65 74

. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

10,320 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

10,320 (July)

2,040

July:

2,040

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

1200

1.7

January:

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h 1200

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

January:

0.6

7,560

July:

7,560

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 Btu/h 1200

6.3

8,931,013 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

6,328,412 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) 10

January July

144 144

0 151

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79

31 31

0 532,511

31 31

6,026,891 1,093,234

31 31

1,452,061 2,351,334

31 31

1 452 061 1,452,061 2,351,334

10

January July

144 144

1709 310

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79 10

January July

108 108

549 889

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79 10

January July

108 108

549 889

11.00 00 1.00

0 79 0.79 0.79

549 889

549 889

11

January July

0 151

1709 310

Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

306 General

3

12

1225

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) =

1225

(Btu / h)

(Btu / h)

(Btu / Month)

24,936

5,880

8,661,672

January

14,721

5,880

6,908,972

July

24 936 (January - Loss) 24,936

14 721 (July - Gain) 14,721 2

˚

Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Feet 35 35 35 35

S.F. 420 420 420 420

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Percent 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

S.F. 126 126 126 126

January:

23,348

S.F. 294 294 294 294

Opaque (Op-1) Glazing (Gl-1) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-3) Roof

0.074 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

13,836

3

38 43 65 90 74

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) 5

January (Loss) July (Gain)

126 126

1.3 1.3

294 294

0.074 0.074

1225 1225

0.025 0.025

38 90

Btu/h

65 74 5

5837 3459 Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

126 126

1.3 1.3

294 294

0.074 0.074

1225 1225

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

126 126

1.3 1.3

294 294

0.074 0.074

1225 1225

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

126 126

1.3 1.3

294 294

0.074 0.074

1225 1225

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January:

277

July:

108

5837 3459 Btu/h

5837 3459 Btu/h

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

5837 3459

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F) Btu/h January July

0.73 0.48

0.018 0.018

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

780 780

38 90

January:

1,312

65 74

July:

778

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

3 3

0.018 0.018

15 15

January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

60 60

38 90

65 74

. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

5,880

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

5,880 (July)

1,225

July:

1,225

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

1225

1

January:

0

July:

0

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h 1225

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

January:

0

4,655

July:

4,655

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 Btu/h 1225

3.8

8,661,672 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

6,908,972 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) 10

January July

126 126

0 151

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79

31 31

0 465,947

31 31

5,273,530 956,579

31 31

1,694,071 2,743,223

31 31

1 694 071 1,694,071 2,743,223

10

January July

126 126

1709 310

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79 10

January July

126 126

549 889

1.00 1.00

0.79 0.79 10

January July

126 126

549 889

11.00 00 1.00

0 79 0.79 0.79

549 889

549 889

11

January July

0 151

1709 310

Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

Design Tables Competition Design Case Analysis

Location Plans 3.1 Competition Design Case Charts 3.2

3.1 : Location Reference Plans The dark gray spaces indicate the numbering system used to organize the additional calculation analysis completed RQ WKH GHVLJQHG EXLOGLQJ ,Q WKH IROORZLQJ FKDUWV WKHVH GLDJUDPV ZLOO KHOS LGHQWLI\ WKH VSDFHV EHLQJ H[DPLQHG 6SDFH number, as well as use are listed.

106 Classroom

107 2IÂżFH

101 Assembly

102 Sit Down Dinning

104 Classroom

103 Classroom

105 Classroom

Building Footprint (36%)

Xeriscaped Landscape (64%)

Registration No. 1-1104

First Floor Reference Plan

Design Tables : Competition Design Case Analysis

Calculations and Design Tools

206 Classroom

201 Classroom

202 Classroom

204 Classroom

203 Classroom

306 General

Second Floor Reference Plan

301 2I多FH

302 Classroom

Third Floor Reference Plan

Registration No. 1-1104

Design Tables : Competition Design Case Analysis

Calculations and Design Tools

3.2 : Competition Design Case Analysis Tool ,W LV LPSRUWDQW WR QRWH WKDW WKH FRPSHWLWLRQ GHVLJQ FDVH DQDO\VLV LV DQ HI多FLHQW SURJUDP WKDW VWLOO XWLOL]HV RXU EXLOGLQJ form but implements various sustainable principles. The numbers highlighted in gray are design variables used to compare and contrast between the base case building and the competition case designs. These variables informed our architectural decisions. Further changes and adjustments were made during the design and development of the building. These excel tools were used in the preliminary development of the sustainable, architectural features, such as an exterior screen differing solar heat gain from the interior spaces.

Registration No. 1-1104

Design Tables : Competition Design Case Analysis

Calculations and Design Tools

General Space Input Data

Space #

101 Assembly

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

90

15

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1800

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 60 60 30 30

S.F. 900 900 450 450

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 450 360 90 90

January:

10,170

Month1

49,881

25,920

2,542,962

January

29,705

25,920

1,340,670

July

49 881 (January - Loss) 49,881

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 450 540 360 360

29 705 (July - Gain) 29,705

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

(Loss)

Temprature Data ( ˚F )3

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

6,242

38 43 65 90 74

(Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

450 450

0.49 0.49

450 450

0.035 0.035

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

360 360

0.15 0.15

540 540

0.035 0.035

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

90 90

0.31 0.31

360 360

0.035 0.035

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

6379 3780

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

1604 1166

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

1094 648

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

90 90

0.31 0.31

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

360 360

0.035 0.035

0 0

January:

346

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

135

1094 648

(Gain)

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

39,366

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

23,328 (Gain)

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 90 0.018 15 60 38 65 39,366 90 0.018 15 60 90 74 23,328

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

25,920 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

25,200

25,920 (July) July:

25,200

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 1800

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 14 25,200

0

July:

0

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 1800

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0 0

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 1800

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.4 720

2,542,962 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

1,340,670 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 450 450 (Area Glaze) 360 360 (Area Glaze) 90 90 (Area Glaze) 90 90

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 0.62 0.15 (SC) 1.00 0.15 (SC) 0 62 0.62 0.15

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.49 0.49 (SHGC)10 0.15 0.15 (SHGC)10 0.31 0.31 (SHGC)10 0 31 0.31 0.31

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 1,032,161 = Heat Gain Month 1,773,737 77,841 = Heat Gain Month 474,830 115,334 = Heat Gain Month 294 395 294,395 115,334

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

102 Sit Down Dinning

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

15

15

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1200

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 600 600 450 450

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 300 240 90 90

January:

7,509

Month1

14,416

19,080

1,951,716

January

8,616

19,080

970,670

July

14 416 (January - Loss) 14,416

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 300 360 360 360

8 616 (July - Gain) 8,616

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

(Loss)

Temprature Data ( F )3

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

4,594

38 43 65 90 74

(Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

300 300

0.49 0.49

300 300

0.035 0.035

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

240 240

0.15 0.15

360 360

0.035 0.035

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

90 90

0.31 0.31

360 360

0.035 0.035

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

4253 2520

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

1069 778

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

1094 648

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

90 90

0.31 0.31

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

360 360

0.035 0.035

0 0

January:

346

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

135

(Gain)

3,888

(Gain)

1094 648

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

6,561

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 15 0.018 15 60 38 65 6,561 15 0.018 15 60 90 74 3,888

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

19,080 (January)

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

12,240

19,080 (July) July:

12,240

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 1200

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 10.2 12,240

6,120

July:

6,120

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 1200

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 5.1 6,120

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 1200

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 720

1,951,716 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

970,670 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 300 300 (Area Glaze) 240 240 (Area Glaze) 90 90 (Area Glaze) 90 90

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 0.62 0.15 (SC) 1.00 0.15 (SC) 0 62 0.62 0.15

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.49 0.49 (SHGC)10 0.15 0.15 (SHGC)10 0.31 0.31 (SHGC)10 0 31 0.31 0.31

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 688,107 = Heat Gain Month 1,182,491 51,894 = Heat Gain Month 474,830 115,334 = Heat Gain Month 294 395 294,395 115,334

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

103 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

25

15

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1200

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 600 600 450 450

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 300 240 90 90

January:

6,721

Month1

18,002

3,600

1,951,716

January

11,208

3,600

970,670

July

18 002 (January - Loss) 18,002

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 300 360 360 360

11 208 (July - Gain) 11,208

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

(Loss)

Temprature Data ( F )3

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

4,594

38 43 65 90 74

(Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

300 300

0.49 0.49

300 300

0.035 0.035

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

240 240

0.15 0.15

360 360

0.035 0.035

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

90 90

0.31 0.31

360 360

0.035 0.035

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

3465 2520

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

1069 778

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

1094 648

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

90 90

0.31 0.31

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

360 360

0.035 0.035

0 0

January:

346

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

135

(Gain)

6,480

(Gain)

1094 648

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

10,935

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 25 0.018 15 60 38 65 10,935 25 0.018 15 60 90 74 6,480

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

3,600

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

2,040

3,600 (July) July:

2,040

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 1200

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.7 2,040

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 1200

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 720

840

July:

840

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 1200

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.7 840

1,951,716 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

970,670 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 300 300 (Area Glaze) 240 240 (Area Glaze) 90 90 (Area Glaze) 90 90

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 0.62 0.15 (SC) 1.00 0.15 (SC) 0 62 0.62 0.15

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.49 0.49 (SHGC)10 0.15 0.15 (SHGC)10 0.31 0.31 (SHGC)10 0 31 0.31 0.31

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 688,107 = Heat Gain Month 1,182,491 51,894 = Heat Gain Month 474,830 115,334 = Heat Gain Month 294 395 294,395 115,334

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

104 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

20

15

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1200

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 600 600 450 450

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 300 240 90 90

January:

6,721

Month1

15,815

3,600

1,951,716

January

9,912

3,600

970,670

July

15 815 (January - Loss) 15,815

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 300 360 360 360

9 912 (July - Gain) 9,912

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

(Loss)

Temprature Data ( F )3

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

4,594

38 43 65 90 74

(Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

300 300

0.49 0.49

300 300

0.035 0.035

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

240 240

0.15 0.15

360 360

0.035 0.035

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

90 90

0.31 0.31

360 360

0.035 0.035

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

3465 2520

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

1069 778

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

1094 648

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

90 90

0.31 0.31

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

360 360

0.035 0.035

0 0

January:

346

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

135

(Gain)

5,184

(Gain)

1094 648

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

8,748

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 20 0.018 15 60 38 65 8,748 20 0.018 15 60 90 74 5,184

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

3,600

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

2,040

3,600 (July) July:

2,040

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 1200

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.7 2,040

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 1200

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 720

840

July:

840

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 1200

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.7 840

1,951,716 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

970,670 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 300 300 (Area Glaze) 240 240 (Area Glaze) 90 90 (Area Glaze) 90 90

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 0.62 0.15 (SC) 1.00 0.15 (SC) 0 62 0.62 0.15

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.49 0.49 (SHGC)10 0.15 0.15 (SHGC)10 0.31 0.31 (SHGC)10 0 31 0.31 0.31

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 688,107 = Heat Gain Month 1,182,491 51,894 = Heat Gain Month 474,830 115,334 = Heat Gain Month 294 395 294,395 115,334

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

105 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

60

15

3000

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 3000

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 100 100 30 30

S.F. 1500 1500 450 450

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 750 600 90 90

January:

21,855

Month1

48,445

9,000

3,725,453

January

30,027

9,000

2,080,671

July

48 445 (January - Loss) 48,445

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 750 900 360 360

30 027 (July - Gain) 30,027

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

(Loss)

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

14,340 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

750 750

0.49 0.49

750 750

0.035 0.035

x

3000 3000

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

600 600

0.15 0.15

900 900

0.035 0.035

3000 3000

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

90 90

0.31 0.31

360 360

0.035 0.035

3000 3000

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

10313 7500

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

5306 3144

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

3119 1848

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

90 90

0.31 0.31

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

360 360

0.035 0.035

January:

346

3000 3000

0.025 0.025

(Loss)

38 90

65 74

July:

135

3119 1848

(Gain)

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

26,244

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

15,552 (Gain)

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 60 0.018 15 60 38 65 26,244 60 0.018 15 60 90 74 15,552

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

9,000

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

5,100

9,000 (July) July:

5,100

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 3000

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.7 5,100

1,800

July:

1,800

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 3000

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 1,800

2,100

July:

2,100

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 3000

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.7 2,100

3,725,453 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

2,080,671 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 750 750 (Area Glaze) 600 600 (Area Glaze) 90 90 (Area Glaze) 90 90

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 0.62 0.15 (SC) 1.00 0.15 (SC) 0 62 0.62 0.15

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.49 0.49 (SHGC)10 0.15 0.15 (SHGC)10 0.31 0.31 (SHGC)10 0 31 0.31 0.31

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 1,720,268 = Heat Gain Month 2,956,228 129,735 = Heat Gain Month 474,830 115,334 = Heat Gain Month 294 395 294,395 115,334

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

106 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

25

15

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1750

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 70 70 25 25

S.F. 1050 1050 375 375

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 525 420 75 75

January:

11,561

Month1

22,842

5,250

2,710,380

January

13,466

5,250

1,487,226

July

22 842 (January - Loss) 22,842

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 525 630 300 300

13 466 (July - Gain) 13,466

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

(Loss)

Temprature Data ( F )3

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

6,851

38 43 65 90 74

(Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

525 525

0.49 0.49

525 525

0.035 0.035

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

420 420

0.15 0.15

630 630

0.035 0.035

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss)

75 75

0.31 0.31

300 300

0.035 0.035

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

7442 4410

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

2296 1361

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

911 540

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

75 75

0.31 0.31

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

300 300

0.035 0.035

0 0

January:

346

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

135

(Gain)

6,480

(Gain)

911 540

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

10,935

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 25 0.018 15 60 38 65 10,935 25 0.018 15 60 90 74 6,480

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

5,250

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

2,975

5,250 (July) July:

2,975

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 1750

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.7 2,975

1,050

July:

1,050

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 1750

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 1,050

1,225

July:

1,225

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 1750

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.7 1,225

2,710,380 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

1,487,226 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 525 525 (Area Glaze) 420 420 (Area Glaze) 75 75 (Area Glaze) 75 75

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 0.62 0.15 (SC) 1.00 0.15 (SC) 0 62 0.62 0.15

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.49 0.49 (SHGC)10 0.15 0.15 (SHGC)10 0.31 0.31 (SHGC)10 0 31 0.31 0.31

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 1,204,187 = Heat Gain Month 2,069,360 90,815 = Heat Gain Month 395,692 96,112 = Heat Gain Month 245 329 245,329 96,112

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

107 Office

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

20

15

2700

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 2700

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 45 45 60 60

S.F. 675 675 900 900

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 337.5 270 180 180

January:

17,924

Month1

27,018

5,940

2,868,752

January

15,941

5,940

1,293,839

July

27 018 (January - Loss) 27,018

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 337.5 405 720 720

15 941 (July - Gain) 15,941

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

(Loss)

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

10,622 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

337.5 337.5

0.49 0.49

337.5 337.5

0.035 0.035

x

2700 2700

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

270 270

January (Loss) July (Gain)

180 180

0.15 0.15

405 405

0.035 0.035

2700 2700

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

0.31 0.31

720 720

0.035 0.035

2700 2700

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

6607 3915

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

3299 1955

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

4010 2376

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

180 180

0.31 0.31

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

720 720

0.035 0.035

January:

346

2700 2700

0.025 0.025

(Loss)

38 90

65 74

July:

135

(Gain)

5,184

(Gain)

4010 2376

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 975 38 65 0.48 0.018 975 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

8,748

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 346 135

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 20 0.018 15 60 38 65 8,748 20 0.018 15 60 90 74 5,184

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

5,940

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

3,510

5,940 (July) July:

3,510

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 2700

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.3 3,510

1,080

July:

1,080

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 2700

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.4 1,080

1,350

July:

1,350

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 2700

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.5 1,350

2,868,752 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

1,293,839 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 337.5 337.5 (Area Glaze) 270 270 (Area Glaze) 180 180 (Area Glaze) 180 180

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 0.62 0.15 (SC) 1.00 0.15 (SC) 0 62 0.62 0.15

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.49 0.49 (SHGC)10 0.15 0.15 (SHGC)10 0.31 0.31 (SHGC)10 0 31 0.31 0.31

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 774,120 = Heat Gain Month 1,330,303 58,381 = Heat Gain Month 949,660 230,669 = Heat Gain Month 588 789 588,789 230,669

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

201 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

30

12

2975

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 2975

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 85 85 35 35

S.F. 1020 1020 420 420

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 510 408 84 84

January:

18,749

Month1

32,147

8,925

2,728,178

January

19,459

8,925

1,473,293

July

32 147 (January - Loss) 32,147

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 510 612 336 336

19 459 (July - Gain) 19,459

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

(Loss)

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

July:

Temprature Data ( F )3 Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

38 43 65 90 74

11,576 (Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

510 510

0.49 0.49

510 510

0.035 0.035

x

2975 2975

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

408 408

0.15 0.15

612 612

0.035 0.035

2975 2975

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

84 84

0.31 0.31

336 336

0.035 0.035

2975 2975

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

9237 5474

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

3454 2512

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

3029 1795

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

84 84

0.31 0.31

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

336 336

0.035 0.035

January:

277

2975 2975

0.025 0.025

(Loss)

38 90

65 74

July:

108

(Gain)

7,776

(Gain)

3029 1795

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 780 38 65 0.48 0.018 780 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

13,122

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 277 108

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 30 0.018 15 60 38 65 13,122 30 0.018 15 60 90 74 7,776

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

8,925

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

5,058

8,925 (July) July:

5,058

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 2975

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.7 5,058

1,785

July:

1,785

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 2975

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 1,785

2,083

July:

2,083

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 2975

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.7 2,083

2,728,178 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

1,473,293 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 510 510 (Area Glaze) 408 408 (Area Glaze) 84 84 (Area Glaze) 84 84

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 0.62 0.15 (SC) 1.00 0.15 (SC) 0 62 0.62 0.15

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.49 0.49 (SHGC)10 0.15 0.15 (SHGC)10 0.31 0.31 (SHGC)10 0 31 0.31 0.31

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 1,169,782 = Heat Gain Month 2,010,235 88,220 = Heat Gain Month 443,175 107,645 = Heat Gain Month 274 768 274,768 107,645

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting is based on the Daylight Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

202 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

30

12

0

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1200

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 480 480 360 360

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 240 192 72 72

January:

6,007

Month1

19,406

3,600

1,561,373

January

11,559

3,600

776,536

July

19 406 (January - Loss) 19,406

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 240 288 288 288

11 559 (July - Gain) 11,559

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

(Loss)

Temprature Data ( F )3

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

3,675

38 43 65 90 74

(Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

240 240

0.49 0.49

240 240

0.035 0.035

x

0 0

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

192 192

0.15 0.15

288 288

0.035 0.035

0 0

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

72 72

0.31 0.31

288 288

0.035 0.035

0 0

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

3402 2016

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

855 622

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

875 518

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

72 72

0.31 0.31

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

288 288

0.035 0.035

0 0

January:

277

(Loss)

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

July:

108

(Gain)

7,776

(Gain)

875 518

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 780 38 65 0.48 0.018 780 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

13,122

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 277 108

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 30 0.018 15 60 38 65 13,122 30 0.018 15 60 90 74 7,776

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

3,600

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

2,040

3,600 (July) July:

2,040

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area) 1200

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

x

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 1.7 2,040

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) (Area)

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

x 1200

January:

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.6 720

840

July:

840

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 (Area)

x 1200

(SHG) = Heat Gain Btu/h 0.7 840

1,561,373 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

776,536 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) North Façade January July South Façade January July East Façade January July West Façade January July

(Area Glaze) 240 240 (Area Glaze) 192 192 (Area Glaze) 72 72 (Area Glaze) 72 72

x (Radiation) 0 151 x (Radiation) 1709 310 x (Radiation) 549 889 x (Radiation) 549 889

x

x

x

x

(SC) 1.00 1.00 (SC) 0.62 0.15 (SC) 1.00 0.15 (SC) 0 62 0.62 0.15

x

x

x

x

(SHGC)10 0.49 0.49 (SHGC)10 0.15 0.15 (SHGC)10 0.31 0.31 (SHGC)10 0 31 0.31 0.31

x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31 x (Day/Mnth) 31 31

= Heat Gain Month 0 550,486 = Heat Gain Month 945,993 41,515 = Heat Gain Month 379,864 92,268 = Heat Gain Month 235 516 235,516 92,268

Direct Solar Radiation11 Month January July

North Façade 0 151

South Façade 1709 310

East Façade 549 889

7. Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). 8. Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis 9. SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

West Façade 549 889

10. SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) 11. Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

General Space Input Data

Space #

203 Classroom

Estimated # People

Floor to Floor Height

Roof Area

25

12

1200

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) = Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Summary of Gains and Losses for This Space Floor Area 1200

Total Surface

Glazing

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 480 480 360 360

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 240 192 72 72

January:

8,317

Month1

19,529

3,600

1,561,373

January

12,183

3,600

776,536

July

19 529 (January - Loss) 19,529

Horz. Length

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Internal Gain Direct Solar (Btu / Month) (Btu / h)

Envelope (Btu / h)

Glazed Area Opaque Area S.F. 240 288 288 288

12 183 (July - Gain) 12,183

Envelope U-Values2 Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

(Loss)

Temprature Data ( ˚F )3

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

5,595

38 43 65 90 74

(Gain)

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) [ (North Glazing x U-Glazing) + (North Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area

January (Loss) July (Gain)

240 240

0.49 0.49

240 240

0.035 0.035

x

1200 1200

[ (South Glazing x U-Glazing) + (South Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

192 192

0.15 0.15

288 288

0.035 0.035

1200 1200

[ (East Glazing x U-Glazing) + (East Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x

January (Loss) July (Gain)

72 72

0.31 0.31

288 288

0.035 0.035

1200 1200

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

3432 2496

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp5. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

1515 1102

U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

1685 998

[ (West Glazing x U-Glazing) + (West Opaque x U-Opaque) + (Roof Area x U-Roof) ] x [Ext.Temp. - Int. Temp] = Total Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

72 72

0.31 0.31

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

288 288

0.035 0.035

January:

277

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

(Loss)

38 90

65 74

July:

108

(Gain)

6,480

(Gain)

1685 998

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F)

January July

(ACH) x (Cpcty of Air) x (Space Vol) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = 0.73 0.018 780 38 65 0.48 0.018 780 90 74

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

January:

10,935

(Loss)

Total Btu/h 277 108

July:

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

(People) x (Cpcty of Air) x (CFM) x (60 Min/Hr) x (Ext. Temp - Int. Temp) = Total Btu/h 25 0.018 15 60 38 65 10,935 25 0.018 15 60 90 74 6,480

1. January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. 2. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. 3. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

4. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). 5. January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. 6. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

3,600

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

3,600 (July)

2,040

July:

2,040

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

1200

1.7

January:

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h 1200

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

January:

0.6

840

July:

840

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 Btu/h 1200

0.7

1,561,373 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

776,536 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) 10

January July

240 240

0 151

1.00 1.00

0.49 0.49

31 31

0 550,486

31 31

945,993 41,515

31 31

379,864 92,268

31 31

235,516 235 516 92,268

10

January July

192 192

1709 310

0.62 0.15

0.15 0.15 10

January July

72 72

549 889

1.00 0.15

0.31 0.31 10

January July

72 72

549 889

00.62 62 0.15

0 31 0.31 0.31

549 889

549 889

11

January July

0 151

1709 310

Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

204 Classroom

25

12

1200

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) =

1200

(Btu / h)

(Btu / h)

(Btu / Month)

19,529

3,600

1,561,373

January

12,183

3,600

776,536

July

19 529 (January - Loss) 19,529

12 183 (July - Gain) 12,183 2

˚

Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 480 480 360 360

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 240 192 72 72

January:

8,317

S.F. 240 288 288 288

Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

5,595

3

38 43 65 90 74

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) 5

January (Loss) July (Gain)

240 240

0.49 0.49

240 240

0.035 0.035

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

43 90

Btu/h

65 74 5

3432 2496 Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

192 192

0.15 0.15

288 288

0.035 0.035

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

72 72

0.31 0.31

288 288

0.035 0.035

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

72 72

0.31 0.31

288 288

0.035 0.035

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January:

277

July:

108

1515 1102 Btu/h

1685 998 Btu/h

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

1685 998

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F) Btu/h January July

0.73 0.48

0.018 0.018

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

780 780

38 90

January:

10,935

65 74

July:

6,480

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

25 25

0.018 0.018

15 15

January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

60 60

38 90

65 74

. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

3,600

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

3,600 (July)

2,040

July:

2,040

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

1200

1.7

January:

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h 1200

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

January:

0.6

840

July:

840

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 Btu/h 1200

0.7

1,561,373 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

776,536 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) 10

January July

240 240

0 151

1.00 1.00

0.49 0.49

31 31

0 550,486

31 31

945,993 41,515

31 31

379,864 92,268

31 31

235,516 235 516 92,268

10

January July

192 192

1709 310

0.62 0.15

0.15 0.15 10

January July

72 72

549 889

1.00 0.15

0.31 0.31 10

January July

72 72

549 889

00.62 62 0.15

0 31 0.31 0.31

549 889

549 889

11

January July

0 151

1709 310

Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

206 Classroom

30

12

1000

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) =

1750

(Btu / h)

(Btu / h)

(Btu / Month)

25,347

5,250

2,168,304

January

14,964

5,250

1,189,781

July

25 347 (January - Loss) 25,347

14 964 (July - Gain) 14,964 2

˚

Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Feet 70 70 25 25

S.F. 840 840 300 300

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 420 336 60 60

January:

11,949

S.F. 420 504 240 240

Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

7,081

3

38 43 65 90 74

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) 5

January (Loss) July (Gain)

420 420

0.49 0.49

420 420

0.035 0.035

1000 1000

0.025 0.025

38 90

Btu/h

65 74 5

6629 3928 Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

336 336

0.15 0.15

504 504

0.035 0.035

1000 1000

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

60 60

0.31 0.31

240 240

0.035 0.035

1000 1000

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

60 60

0.31 0.31

240 240

0.035 0.035

1000 1000

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January:

277

July:

108

2512 1489 Btu/h

1404 832 Btu/h

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

1404 832

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F) Btu/h January July

0.73 0.48

0.018 0.018

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

780 780

38 90

January:

13,122

65 74

July:

7,776

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

30 30

0.018 0.018

15 15

January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

60 60

38 90

65 74

. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

5,250

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

5,250 (July)

2,975

July:

2,975

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

1750

1.7

January:

1,050

July:

1,050

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h 1750

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

January:

0.6

1,225

July:

1,225

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 Btu/h 1750

0.7

2,168,304 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

1,189,781 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) 10

January July

420 420

0 151

1.00 1.00

0.49 0.49

31 31

0 963,350

31 31

1,655,488 72,652

31 31

316,553 76,890

31 31

196,263 196 263 76,890

10

January July

336 336

1709 310

0.62 0.15

0.15 0.15 10

January July

60 60

549 889

1.00 0.15

0.31 0.31 10

January July

60 60

549 889

00.62 62 0.15

0 31 0.31 0.31

549 889

549 889

11

January July

0 151

1709 310

Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

301 Offices

10

12

1800

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) =

1800

(Btu / h)

(Btu / h)

(Btu / Month)

17,421

3,960

2,034,369

January

10,574

3,960

1,072,536

July

17 421 (January - Loss) 17,421

10 574 (July - Gain) 10,574 2

˚

Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Feet 60 60 30 30

S.F. 720 720 360 360

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 360 288 72 72

January:

12,771

S.F. 360 432 288 288

Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

7,874

3

38 43 65 90 74

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) 5

January (Loss) July (Gain)

360 360

0.49 0.49

360 360

0.035 0.035

1800 1800

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74 5

Btu/h 6318 3744 Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

288 288

0.15 0.15

432 432

0.035 0.035

1800 1800

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

72 72

0.31 0.31

288 288

0.035 0.035

1800 1800

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

72 72

0.31 0.31

288 288

0.035 0.035

1800 1800

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January:

277

July:

108

2273 1653 Btu/h

2090 1238 Btu/h

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

2090 1238

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F) Btu/h January July

0.73 0.48

0.018 0.018

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

780 780

38 90

January:

4,374

65 74

July:

2,592

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

10 10

0.018 0.018

15 15

January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

60 60

38 90

65 74

. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

3,960

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

3,960 (July)

2,340

July:

2,340

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

1800

1.3

January:

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h 1800

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

January:

0.4

900

July:

900

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 Btu/h 1800

0.5

2,034,369 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

1,072,536 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) 10

January July

360 360

0 151

1.00 1.00

0.49 0.49

31 31

0 825,728

31 31

1,418,990 62,273

31 31

379,864 92,268

31 31

235,516 235 516 92,268

10

January July

288 288

1709 310

0.62 0.15

0.15 0.15 10

January July

72 72

549 889

1.00 0.15

0.31 0.31 10

January July

72 72

549 889

00.62 62 0.15

0 31 0.31 0.31

549 889

549 889

11

January July

0 151

1709 310

Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

302 Classroom

30

12

1200

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) =

1200

(Btu / h)

(Btu / h)

(Btu / Month)

22,496

3,600

1,561,373

January

13,479

3,600

776,536

July

22 496 (January - Loss) 22,496

13 479 (July - Gain) 13,479 2

˚

Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Feet 40 40 30 30

S.F. 480 480 360 360

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 240 192 72 72

4

January:

9,097

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h) =

S.F. 240 288 288 288

Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

5,595

3

38 43 65 90 74

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) 5

January (Loss) July (Gain)

240 240

0.49 0.49

240 240

0.035 0.035

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

38 90

Btu/h

65 74 5

4212 2496 Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

192 192

0.15 0.15

288 288

0.035 0.035

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

43 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

72 72

0.31 0.31

288 288

0.035 0.035

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

72 72

0.31 0.31

288 288

0.035 0.035

1200 1200

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January:

277

July:

108

1515 1102 Btu/h

1685 998 Btu/h

6

Infiltration (Btu/h) =

1685 998

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F) Btu/h January July

0.73 0.48

0.018 0.018

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

780 780

38 90

January:

13,122

65 74

July:

7,776

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

30 30

0.018 0.018

15 15

January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

60 60

38 90

65 74

. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h)7 =

3,600

Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

3,600 (July)

2,040

July:

2,040

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

1200

1.7

January:

720

July:

720

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h 1200

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

January:

0.6

840

July:

840

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 Btu/h 1200

0.7

1,561,373 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

776,536 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) 10

January July

240 240

0 151

1.00 1.00

0.49 0.49

31 31

0 550,486

31 31

945,993 41,515

31 31

379,864 92,268

31 31

235,516 235 516 92,268

10

January July

192 192

1709 310

0.62 0.15

0.15 0.15 10

January July

72 72

549 889

1.00 0.15

0.31 0.31 10

January July

72 72

549 889

00.62 62 0.15

0 31 0.31 0.31

549 889

549 889

11

January July

0 151

1709 310

Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

306 General

3

12

1225

Heat Flow Through Envelope (Btu / h) =

1225

(Btu / h)

(Btu / h)

(Btu / Month)

10,833

1,715

1,545,687

January

6,363

1,715

733,292

July

10 833 (January - Loss) 10,833

6 363 (July - Gain) 6,363 2

˚

Façade Areas North Façade South Façade East Façade West Façade

Feet 35 35 35 35

S.F. 420 420 420 420

Envelope Heat Flow (Btu/h)4 =

Percent 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

S.F. 210 168 84 84

January:

9,244

S.F. 210 252 336 336

Opaque (Op-2) Glazing (Gl-2) Glazing (Gl-4) Glazing (Gl-5) Roof

0.035 0.49 0.15 0.31 0.025

Jan. Exterior Jan. Atrium Jan. Interior July Exterior July Interior

July:

5,478

3

38 43 65 90 74

Envelope Heat Flow = Ȉ [ U (Btu/h ft2 ˚F) x A (ft2) ] x ǻt (˚F) 5

January (Loss) July (Gain)

210 210

0.49 0.49

210 210

0.035 0.035

1225 1225

0.025 0.025

38 90

Btu/h

65 74 5

3804 2254 Btu/h

January (Loss) July (Gain)

168 168

0.15 0.15

252 252

0.035 0.035

1225 1225

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

84 84

0.31 0.31

336 336

0.035 0.035

1225 1225

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January (Loss) July (Gain)

84 84

0.31 0.31

336 336

0.035 0.035

1225 1225

0.025 0.025

38 90

65 74

January:

277

July:

108

1745 1034 Btu/h

1847 1095 Btu/h

Infiltration (Btu/h)6 =

1847 1095

Infiltration = (ACH #/hr) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (Space Vol. ft3) x ǻt (˚F) Btu/h January July

0.73 0.48

0.018 0.018

Ventilation (Btu/h) =

780 780

38 90

January:

1,312

65 74

July:

778

Ventilation = (# People) x (.018 btu/ft3 ˚F) x (15 ft3/min. Person) x (60 min/hr)

January July

3 3

0.018 0.018

15 15

January conditions include Atrium Spaces that are enclosed but not conditioned creating a warmer winter temperature in the Atrium Spaces. July conditions open the Atrium Spaces causing the temperatures inside the Atriums to be equal to the exterior temperatures. Grouping the materials into north + east and south + west categories allows for variation in façade construction and glazing type. This allows for systems to maximize the efficiency of the façade with respect to orientation to the sun. sun See Part I: Technical Task #1 for U-Value Tables and Wall Assemblies. Temperatures for January Exterior, January Interior, July Exterior, and July Interior are collected from Section 6 of the competition description. January Atrium temperature assumes a moderate winter temperature for the enclosed and unconditioned Atrium Spaces. This value was taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table B.1 p.1489) from Los Angeles that has a slightly warmer winter temperature.

60 60

38 90

65 74

. Equation from MEEB (10th ed., Section 7.8(a) Design Heat Loss, p.203-204). January exterior temperature for north and south facades are determined based on the room location. Facades that separate interior space from Atrium Space use the January Atrium temperature, facades located on an exterior surface use the January Exterior temperature. Design Infiltration Rates (ACH) are taken from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table E.27 Parts B and C, p 1601) Assumed Medium Construction Type for Base Case Analysis and Tight Construction Type for p.1601). Competition Design Case Analysis.

7

1,715

Internal Heat Gains (Btu / h) = Int. Heat Gains People (Btu/h) =

January:

(January)

1,715 (July)

1,225

July:

1,225

Internal Heat Gain People = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h

Int. Heat Gains Equip. (Btu/h) =

1225

1

January:

0

July:

0

Internal Heat Gain Equip = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) Btu/h 1225

Int. Heat Gains Lights (Btu/h) =

January:

0

490

July:

490

Internal Heat Gain Lights = (Area) x (Sensible Heat Gain Btu/h ft2) 8 Btu/h 1225

0.4

1,545,687 (Jan.)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing (Btu / Month) =

733,292 (July)

Solar Heat Gain Glazing 9 = (Area of Glazing) x (Radiation Btu/SF Day) x (SC) x (SHGC Glaze) (Day/Mnth) 10

January July

210 210

0 151

1.00 1.00

0.49 0.49

31 31

0 481,675

31 31

827,744 36,326

31 31

443,175 107,645

31 31

274 768 274,768 107,645

10

January July

168 168

1709 310

0.62 0.15

0.15 0.15 10

January July

84 84

549 889

1.00 0.15

0.31 0.31 10

January July

84 84

549 889

00.62 62 0.15

0 31 0.31 0.31

549 889

549 889

11

January July

0 151

1709 310

Heat Gain Coefficients from MEEB (10th ed., Appendix Table F.3 Parts A and B, p.1610). Sensible Heat Gain from lighting g g is based on the Daylight y g Factor for the space. Assumed DF < 1 for Base Case Analysis and DF > 4 for Competition Design Case Analysis SHGC Base Case value assumes clear single glazed for January and no glazing (open windows) for July. For Competition Design Case SHGC is based on type of window best for facade. See Part I: Technical Task #1 for additional information.

SC Shading + SHGC Glazing Values from MEEB (Appendix Tables E.15 and E.20, p. 1585 and 1590)) Data collected from PEC Solar Calculator created by Charles C. Benton, and Robert A. Marcial with The PG&E Energy Center, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 1993. (See Part II: Reference Charts for worksheet).

Environmental System Design Sizing Calculations

Overall Summary for Base and Design Cases 4.1 Sample Months : January and July Summaries 4.2 Photovoltaic Demand 4.3 Water Catchment and Conservation 4.4

4.1 : Overall Summary for Base and Design Cases These numbers are calculated totals for the entire building set up in both the January (Closed) and July (Open) &RQGLWLRQV 7KHVH FRPSDULVRQV ZHUH KHOSIXO LQ ÂżQGLQJ WKH LPSDFW RI LQGLYLGXDO GHVLJQ FKDQJHV 6SHFLÂżFDOO\ WKLV VXPPDU\ LV FRPSDULQJ RXU EDVH GHVLJQ EXLOGLQJ DQG RXU ÂżQDO GHVLJQ EXLOGLQJ FRQGLWLRQV DQG GHVFULEHV WKH JHQHUDO DUFKLWHFWXUDO improvements made to the building that resulted in the greatest positive impact.

Envelope Heat Flow :Ä‚ŜƾÄ‚ĆŒÇ‡ Íž Ćšƾ͏Ĺš Ͳ >Ĺ˝Ć?Ć?Íż Ä‚ Ć? Ä‚ Äž Ć? Äž

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Heat Flow Envelope

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ͲώϲϾÍ•ϹϏϯ

ώϳϯÍ•ĎŹĎ­Ď­

Ď­ĎŹĎ°Í•ĎŻĎŹĎŻ

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Ď­Í•ϴϏϲ

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Heat Flow Ventilation

ϭϾϭÍ•Ϲϴϭ

ϭϾϭÍ•Ϲϴϭ

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Ď­Ď­ĎŻÍ•ϹϯϏ

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Total Env. Heat Flow 632,629 363,127 -269,503 388,347 219,639 -168,708 Primary Changes Include ,QFUHDVH WKH DPRXQW RI JOD]LQJ RQ HDFK )DoDGH ,QFUHDVHV +HDW )ORZ $GGHG DGGLWLRQDO 5 9DOXH WR RSDTXH ZDOO construction (Decreases Heat Flow). 3. Switched to more efficient windows systems and selected systems most appropriate for different facades (Decreases Heat Flow).

Internal Heat Gains :Ä‚ŜƾÄ‚ĆŒÇ‡ Íž Ćšƾ͏ŚͿ Ä‚ Ć? Ä‚ Äž Ć? Äž ϳϰÍ•ϯϾϏ

ϳώÍ•ϴϲϯ

Equipment

ĎŻĎ­Í•ĎŹĎ´Ďą

ϭϳ͕ϾώϹ

Lights

Ď­Ď°Ď°Í•ϲϴϏ

ϭϹ͕ϴϹϯ

People

:ƾůLJ Íž Ćšƾ͏ŚͿ

Äž Ä‚ Ć? Ĺ?Ć? Ĺ?Äž Ĺś

Ĺ? Ĩ Ĩ Äž ĆŒ Äž Ĺś Ä? Ä‚Äž Ć? Äž ͲϭÍ•Ϲώϴ

Ä‚ ÄžĆ? Ä‚ Ć?Äž Ĺ?Ć? Ĺ?Äž Ĺś

Ĺ? Ĩ Ĩ Äž ĆŒ

ϳϰÍ•ϯϾϏ

ϳώÍ•ϴϲϯ

ͲϭÍ•Ϲώϴ

ͲϭϯÍ•ϭϲϏ

ĎŻĎ­Í•ĎŹĎ´Ďą

ϭϳ͕ϾώϹ

ͲϭϯÍ•ϭϲϏ

ͲϭώϴÍ•Ď´ĎŽĎ´

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ϭϹ͕ϴϹϯ

ͲϭώϴÍ•Ď´ĎŽĎ´

Total Internal Gains 250,155 106,640 -143,515 250,155 106,640 -143,515 Primary Changes Include : ,QFUHDVHG 6RXWK DQG 1RUWK *OD]LQJ ZKLOH XWLO]LQJ SURSHU VXQ VKDGLQJ WR PD[LPL]H $PELDQW DQG 'LIIXVHG VLGHOLJKWLQJ ZKLOH PLQLPL]LQJ 'LUHFW VRODU KHDW JDLQ 3URYLGHV KLJKHU 'D\OLJKWLQJ )DFWRU WKXV UHGXFLQJ ,QWHUQDO +HDW /RDGV IURP HOHFWULF OLghts)

Solar Heat Gains Through Glazing :Ä‚ŜƾÄ‚ĆŒÇ‡ Íž Ćšƾ͏žŽŜƚŚͿ Ä‚ Ć? Ä‚ Äž Ć? Äž

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1RUWK )DoDGH

ĎŹ

ĎŹ

ĎŹ

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ϭώ͕ϰϯϳ͕Ϲϯϰ

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ϭϯϾ͕ϾϯϲÍ•ϴϳϲ

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ϾϯϳÍ•Ͼϴϰ

Ͳώϰ͕ϰϰϹ͕Ϲϯϰ

(DVW )DoDGH

ώϲÍ•ĎŻĎ­Ď´Í•ϲϏϳ

ϲÍ•Ď´ĎŽĎ­Í•ϳώϲ

ͲϭϾÍ•ϰϾϲÍ•Ď´Ď´Ď­

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:HVW )DoDGH

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ϰ͕ώώϾ͕ϰϳϏ

Ͳώώ͕ϏϴϾ͕ϭϯϳ

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Total Solar Heat Gains

166,255,483 25,603,000 -140,652,484 80,365,674 15,032,489 -65,333,185 Primary Changes Include: 1. Designed operable glazing and shading systems for all Facades (Decreases Direct Solar Heat Gain)

Registration No. 1-1104

System Sizing Calculations

Calculations and Design Tools

4.2 : Sample Months : January and July Summaries These numbers were used as a rough estimation to size the Ground Source Heat Pump and Photovoltaic systems throughout the site. For the months of January and July, the maximum Btu/h’s for the Envelope Heat Flow and the ,QWHUQDO +HDW *DLQV ZHUH PXOWLSOLHG E\ DYHUDJH DPRXQW RI KRXUV XVHG SHU GD\ DQG WKHQ PXOWLSOLHG DJDLQ E\ GD\V throughout the month). The monthly totals were then added to the Solar Heat Gain for the month to equal a Total Monthly Flow of Btu’s throughout the building.

January Monthly Totals ĂƐĞ ĂƐĞ Hrly Total (Btu/h x 10 Hrs of Use/Day x 31 days/month =

ĞƐŝŐŶ ĂƐĞ Total

Hrly Total (Btu/h x 10 Hrs of Use/Day x 31 days/month =

Total

Total Env. Heat Flow

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dž ϯϭ

с

Ͳϭϵϲ͕ϭϭϰ͕ϵϵϬ

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dž ϭϬ

dž ϯϭ

ͲϭϭϮ͕ϱϲϵ͕ϯϳϬ

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ϮϱϬ͕ϭϱϱ

dž ϭϬ

dž ϯϭ

с

ϳϳ͕ϱϰϴ͕ϬϱϬ

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dž ϯϭ

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с

ϭϲϲ͕Ϯϱϱ͕ϰϴϯ

Ϯϱ͕ϲϬϯ͕ϬϬϬ

47,688,543

-53,907,970

Total Solar Heat Gains Total Monthly Flow (Btu/Mnth)

Analysis: According the Base Case calculations, the building would actually be overheated for the month of January. By implementing simple design strategies (for example: wall systems with higher R - Values, shading devices over glazing, and increase the Daylight Factor) the building needs to be heated during the winter months. Additional fine tuning could be done to offset the heating need with solar heat gain.

July Monthly Totals ĂƐĞ ĂƐĞ Hrly Total (Btu/h x 10 Hrs of Use/Day x 31 days/month =

ĞƐŝŐŶ ĂƐĞ Total

Hrly Total (Btu/h x 10 Hrs of Use/Day x 31 days/month =

Total

Total Env. Heat Flow

ϯϴϴ͕ϯϳϳ

dž ϭϬ

dž ϯϭ

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ϭϱ͕ϬϯϮ͕ϰϴϵ

278,310,594

122,392,929

Total Solar Heat Gains Total Monthly Flow (Btu/Mnth)

Analysis: By comparing the Base Case to the Design Case calculations, it is obvious to see the decreased flow of Btus through the building. Since the exterior temperature is warmer than the interior, the envelope heat flow is calculated as a gain for the month of July, unlike January ZKHUH LW LV D ORVV ,W LV DOVR LPSRUWDQW WR QRWH WKDW WKHVH QXPEHUV DUH D ZRUVH FDVH VHQDULR GXH WR WKH IDFW WKDW WKH ,QWHUQDO Gains are based off of a maximum occupancy, which would only happen a few hours of the day.

Registration No. 1-1104

System Sizing Calculations

Calculations and Design Tools

4.3 : Photovoltaic Demand According to the chart of page 75 of the book Sun, Wind, and Light by G.Z. Brown and Mark DeKay, the square footage RI D FHUWDLQ VSDFH W\SH LV PXOWLSOLHG E\ LWV UHVSHFWHG HQHUJ\ UDWH WR ÂżQG WKH RYHUDOO DPRXQW RI HQHUJ\ UHTXLUHG E\ WKH RI D VSDFH &DOFXODWLRQV ZHUH GRQH WR ÂżQG WKH OLJKWLQJ SOXJ DQG RIÂżFH HTXLSPHQW ORDG IRU HDFK VSDFH IRU D W\SLFDO DQG DW EHVW scenario. All three loads were then combined to calculate the required number of photovoltaic panels needed to offset the electricity load needed by the the competition design. Electrical Load - Lighting rea o S ace (Square Feet)

Ty . Energy ate

(square feet) x

(watt hours/sf, day)

(watt hours/sf, day)

(watt hours/sf, day)

(watt hours/sf, day)

Education

16,000

12.46

199,360

1.99

31,840

Assembly

1,500

12.54

18,810

2.01

3,015

Office

5,000

15.19

75,950

2.43

12,150

S ace Ty e

Energy e . y S ace

ÍžÇ ĹšÍŹĆ?Ĩ͕ĚĂLJͿ

est Energy ate

Energy e . y S ace

ÍžÇ ĹšÍŹĆ?Ĩ͕ĚĂLJͿ

Warehouse

500

11.49

5,745

1.84

920

Food Service

2,000

14.87

29,740

3.57

7,140

Other - Restrooms

5,000

12.86

64,300

2.06

10,300

est Energy ate

Energy e . y S ace

Total

Electrical Load - Plug S ace Ty e

rea o S ace (Square Feet)

Ty . Energy ate

Energy e . y S ace

ÍžÇ ĹšÍŹĆ?Ĩ͕ĚĂLJͿ

ÍžÇ ĹšÍŹĆ?Ĩ͕ĚĂLJͿ

(square feet) x

(watt hours/sf, day)

= (watt hours/day)

(watt hours/sf, day)

= (watt hours/day)

Education

16,000

1.37

21,920

0.82

13,120

Assembly

1,500

1.04

1,560

0.63

945

Office

5,000

3.13

15,650

1.88

9,400

Warehouse

500

1.21

605

0.72

360

Food Service

2,000

2.49

4,980

1.49

2,980

Other - Restrooms

5,000

2.41

12,050

1.45

7,250

est Energy ate

Energy e . y S ace

Total

Electrical Load - Office Equipment S ace Ty e

rea o S ace (Square Feet)

Ty . Energy ate

Energy e . y S ace

ÍžÇ ĹšÍŹĆ?Ĩ͕ĚĂLJͿ

ÍžÇ ĹšÍŹĆ?Ĩ͕ĚĂLJͿ

(square feet) x

(watt hours/sf, day)

= (watt hours/day)

(watt hours/sf, day)

= (watt hours/day)

Education

16,000

1.81

28,960

1.29

20,640

Assembly

1,500

0.24

360

0.18

270

Office

5,000

4.88

24,400

3.15

15,750

Warehouse

500

1.21

605

Food Service

2,000

1.75

3,500

1.84 1 0.66

1,320

Other - Restrooms

5,000

0.74

3,700

0.52

2,600

920

Total

Registration No. 1-1104

System Sizing Calculations

Calculations and Design Tools

Total Electrical Load per Day Energy Req'd by Space (wh/day)

Loads

(watt hours/day)

/

Conversion Rate

Energy Req'd by Space

Ď­ĹŹt Ń Ď­ĎŹĎŹĎŹ Ç Ä‚ĆšĆš ĹšŽƾĆŒĆ?

͞ŏtŚ͏ĚĂLJͿ

(1kW/1000 watt hours)

=

(kWh/day)

Total Lighting Load Total Plug Load

65,365 34,055

1,000 1,000

65 34

Total Of. Equip. Load

41,500

1,000

42

Total

141

The required amount of energy required per lighting, plug, and office equipment load is in total watt hours per day. The overall number was divided by 1000 to get the total loads into kWh/day. The three numbers were then added to have the overall energry required in kWh/day.

Total Electrical Load per Month Energy Req'd by Space (kWh/day)

Loads

(kWh/day) Lighting, Plug, + Office Equip. Load

x

Conversion Rate days = 1 month (31 days/1 month)

Energy Req. by Space

31

(kWh/month)

=

(kWh/month)

4,371

31

141

The total energy required for the lighting, plug, and office equipment in kWh/day was then multiplied by 31 to get the overall amount of kWh for one month.

Photovoltaics needed to counter balance Monthly Electrical Load PV Area Required (Square Feet)

Energy Needed (KWh/Month)

Rate PV Panel Collects(KWh/Mnth)

(kW hours/month)

(kWh/month)

January

4,371

117

100

3,736

Febuary

4,371

121

100

3,612

March

4,371

152

100

2,876

April

4371

169

100

2,586

May

4,371

171

100

2,556

June

4,371

164

100

2,665

July

4,371

186

100

2,350

August

4,371

186

100

2,350

September

4,371

161

100

2,715

October

4,371

144

100

3,035

November

4,371

123

100

3,554

Month

Conversion Rate (100 SqFt PV Panels) x

(100)

=

(square feet)

3,801 December 4,371 115 100 The total number of kWh required by each month is then multiplied by the rate a typical one axis tracking photovoltaic panel with a DC rating of one would FROOHFW VHH 6HFWLRQ LQ WKH 3DUW ,, 5HIHUHQFH &KDUWV IRU WKH FKDUWV ZLWK WKH FROOHFWLRQ DYHUDJHV SHU PRQWK IRU /RQJ %HDFK CA). To get the amount Photovoltiacs into a simple 10'x10' panel, the number was multipied by 100. The end amount is the total number of photovoltaics in square feet needed to offset the lighting, plug, and office equipment loads. Since December has the lowest collection rate, the amount of PVs needed in December is the highest; therefore, the design shall incorporate the amount of PVs December needs to insure all months are covered.

Registration No. 1-1104

System Sizing Calculations

Calculations and Design Tools

4.4 : Water Catchment and Conservation Since Long Beach, California receives a little over 11 inches of rainfall per year, it is important to collect and storage as much water as possible in order to help carry the water load of the building. By collecting the water that would typically UXQ LQWR WKH VHZHU ZDWHU FDQ EH VWRUHG LQ FLVWHUQV EHORZ JUDGH WUHDWHG DQG XVHG WR KHOS ÀXVK WKH WRLOHWV ZLWKLQ WKH building. However, it is important to note that even by collecting all the water that would hit the roof surface, it will not be HQRXJK WR FRPSOHWHO\ RIIVHW WKH ZDWHU QHHG ZLWKLQ WKH EXLOGLQJ HYHQ WKRXJK ORZ ÀRZ ¿[WXUHV KDYH EHHQ LPSOHPHQWHG

Water Conservation onth

ain all (inches/month)

ain all (feet/month)

oo rea (Square Feet)

(inches/month) / (1 foot/ 12 inches)

x

(roof sq. ft.)

ain

ater Collection (ft3/month)

ain

ater Collection (gallons)

= cu. feet of rain/month x 7.5 gallon conversion

January

2.95

0.25

18,000

4425

33,188

February

3.01

0.25

18,000

4,515

33,863

March

2.43

0.20

18,000

3,645

27,338

April

0.60

0.05

18,000

900

6,750

May

0.23

0.02

18,000

345

2,588

June

0.08

0.01

18,000

120

900

July

0.02

0.00

18,000

30

225

August

0.10

0.01

18,000

150

1,125

September

0.24

0.02

18,000

360

2,700

October

0.40

0.03

18,000

600

4,500

November

1.12

0.09

18,000

1,680

12,600

December

1.76

0.15

18,000

2,640

19,800

*most gallons collected /month. Use for sizing.

Average rainfall by month is according to Climate Consultant, as listed in the Competition Statement, and then verified by www.weather.com. The average in inches was divided by 12 to turn the number into feet; after that, multiplied by an approximate roof area of 18,000 square feet to get the over all cubic feet of rain per month. Finally, that number was multiplied by the conversation rate of 7.5 to transform cubic feet into gallons. The gray bar denotes the months that receive the most rainfall and would require the largest cistern to collect and hold the precipitation.

Approximating Cistern Sizing 33,863

gallons

=

40,000 gallon cistern ÍŽ 40,000 gallon cistern

/

5 rooftops

=

cisterns

gallons each

Rounding up to 40,000 from 33,863 is quite a jump. However, with the months of January and February both receiving the most rainfall throughout the year, it is important to create space for overflow incase Long Beach receives more precipitation than the average. To keep sizing estimates simple, the overall 40,000 gallons was divided by five since there are five major rooftops which will be collecting a majority of the rainfall.

Registration No. 1-1104

System Sizing Calculations

Calculations and Design Tools

Landscape Selection

Fifty Percent Landscaped Site 5.1 Why Xeriscaping? 5.2 /DQGVFDSLQJ 6SHFL多FDWLRQV 5.3

5.1 : Fifty Percent Landscaped Site $V VWDWHG LQ WKH /HDGLQJ (GJH 'HVLJQ &RPSHWLWLRQ JXLGHOLQHV UHTXHVW WKDW DW OHDVW ÂżIW\ SHUFHQW RI WKH VLWH EH OHIW IRU landscaping purposes. As shown below, 64% of the site has been devoted to xeriscaping techniques. The atrium spaces and the walkway have been claimed as exterior space as their conditions are affected by the environment. Although these spaces are covered, they are unconditioned and will have outdoor ground cover and the ability to grow plants.

106

Classroom - 2010 ft2

107

2IÂżFH IW2

101

Assembly - 1880 ft2

102

Sit Down Dinning - 1370 ft2

104

Classroom - 1285 ft2

103

Classroom - 1370 ft2

105

Diagrammatic Site Plan

Classroom - 3040 ft2

Building Footprint - 36% Site Square Footage =

Xeriscaped Landscape -

64%

37,223 ft2 2473 +2010 + 1370 + 1880 +1370 + 1285 + 3040 (ft2) =

13,428 ft2

Registration No. 1-1104

Landscape Selection

Calculations and Design Tools

Part 2.2 : Why Xeriscaping? How the landscape of a site is designed can make or break the overall aesthetic of a building. For this site in Long Beach, California the site begs for a certain amount of local and native landscape to act and feel according to its surrounding climate. To accomplish this, xeriscaping techniques have been implemented into the design of the landscaping throughout the site. The word xeriscaping comes IURP WKH *UHHN ZRUGV ³[HURV´ PHDQLQJ GU\ DQG ³VFDSH´ PHDQLQJ D YLHZ RU VFHQH 7UDQVODWHG WR OLWHUDOO\ PHDQ ³GU\ VFHQH ´ xeriscaping is much more than dried dirt and cacti. Southern California receives a little more than 11 inches of rainfall annually with a high concentration of the precipitation falling during the winter months. This means that most all plants in this area must be draught tolerant to last through the summer. By using native plants that were made to sustain in these harsh conditions, owners do not have to worry about watering or tending to plants on a daily basis. By not watering during the dry season, owners will see an immediate cost savings through lower water bills. Also, xeriscaping typically requires less fertilizing and pest control measures than traditional landscapes. Using less of these, not only saves money, but does not introduce harmful toxins into the air and water stream.

Registration No. 1-1104

Landscape Selection

Calculations and Design Tools

3DUW /DQGVFDSLQJ 6SHFLÂżFDWLRQV

The Ribes Aureum or Golden Currant is a drought tolerant and adaptable deciduous shrub that blooms during the mid winter months. The Golden Currant can reach heights up to ten feet tall and forms clusters of \HOORZ ÀRZHUV 7KH VKUXE DOZD\V SURGXFHV EHUULHV WKDW ZLOO DWWUDFW QDWLYH ELUGV WR WKH VLWH ,W LV FRPPRQO\ SODQWHG ZLWK &HDQRWKXV ZKLFK LV DOVR implemented on the site. The two complementary colors of yellow and lavender blue will add a vibrant addition to the landscaping during the winter and spring months.

The Muhlenbergia Rigens or more commonly known as Deer Grass is an evergreen grass that is one of the most cherished species of JUDVVHV ZLWKLQ &DOLIRUQLD 7KLV HDV\ WR PDLQWDLQ SODQW FDQ JURZ XS WR ÂżYH feet tall and up to six feet wide. The Deer Grass will be planted on the northeast corner of the site to block and soften the training center from the residential neighborhood directly next door. The drought resistant grass looks very similar to a pincushion throughout many months of the year.

The Ceanothus Glorious is a low growing or creeping evergreen shrub that will not reach a height higher than four feet but will VSUHDG PXFK ZLGHU ,Q WKH 6SULQJ WKH &HDQRWKXV SURGXFHV D ODYHQGHU EOXH ÀRZHU WKDW ZLOO FRQWUDVW QLFHO\ DJDLQVW WKH OLJKW FRORU RI FRQFUHWH RI WKH building.

The Galvezia Speciosais DOVR NQRZQ DV WKH ¾¿UHFUDFNHUÂś RU DV WKH ,VODQG %XVK 6QDSGUDJRQ 7KLV HYHUJUHHQ VKUXE DWWUDFWV KXPPLQJELUGV ZLWK LWV EULJKW UHG Ă€RZHUV ,W ZLOO UHDFK LWV IXOO PDWXULW\ DURXQG WKUHH IHHW WDOO and three feet wide. This drought tolerant species adapts easily to many soil FRQGLWLRQV 7KH EULJKWO\ FRORUHG Ă€RZHU DQG VRIWHU SXEHVFHQW OHDYHV DUH D few reasons this plant was chosen for this site.

Registration No. 1-1104

Landscape Selection

Calculations and Design Tools

The Festuca California (California Fescue) is an evergreen perennial that is drought tolerant plant grown throughout much of California. The evergreen portion can grow to be up to two feet tall. The plant’s yellow ÀRZHU VWDONV FDQ JURZ DQ DGGLWLRQDO WZR IHHW DERYH PDNLQJ WKH RYHUDOO plant height, while in bloom, approximately four feet. The commonly known California Fescue will be used as ground cover around the building to soften the area in direct relation to the building.

The Heliantatrichon Sempervierens is more commonly known as the Blue Oat Grass. Originally a native of the western Mediterranean, a similar climate to Long Beach, California, this small bunch grass grows to be around one foot in height. This small plant has a blue hue and mixes perfectly with other plant species found locally, like the Blackeyed Susan.

The Rudbeckia Hirta or more commonly known as a Black-eyed Susan is a small perennial plant reaching one to three feet in height. The Black-eyed Susan preforms best in fun sun or partial shade and can thrive LQ WRXJK FRQGLWLRQV VXFK DV VDQG\ RU JUDYHO ÂżOOHG VRLO HQGXULQJ ORQJ SHULRGV of drought. These conditions would potentially allow this plant species to be planted in the covered atrium bringing color and life into the building. The Black-eyed Susan has a bloom season from Summer into the Fall during ZKLFK WLPH LWÂśV QHFWDU DWWUDFWV EXWWHUĂ€LHV DQG EHHV

The Eriogonum Giganteum (St. Catherine’s Lace) is native WR WKH &KDQQHO ,VODQGV ZKLFK DUH ORFDWHG RII WKH FRDVW RI &DOLIRUQLD DQG MXVW northwest of Long Beach. This evergreen shrub does well in full or partial sun, a perfect opportunity for the site. The St. Catherine’s Lace is a large used typically to complement the other species planted nearby. Reach XSZDUGV RI IRXU IHHW WKLV SODQW SURGXFHV FOXVWHUV RI FUHDP\ ZKLWH ÀRZHUV WKDW bloom for the last half of the year (May to December).

Registration No. 1-1104

Landscape Selection

Calculations and Design Tools

The Washingtonia Filifera is a staple in Californian landscape. Commonly known as the California Fan Palm, the tree will grow up to 60 feet tall with a spread of 15 feet at the top. Typically, it will produce up to 30 gray-green fan shaped leaves, ranging in length from three to six feet DFURVV 7KH WUHH JURZV ZKLWH DQG \HOORZ ÀRZHUV WKDW KDQJ GRZQ IURP WKH FURZQ DQG WKHQ VSURXW LQWR DQ REORQJ VKDSHG UHG EODFN IUXLW ,W LV D GURXJKW tolerant tree and preforms well in well-drained soil.

The Cycas Revoluta is also known as the Sago Palm. The Sago Palms usually have sturdy and erect trucks that are one to two feet in diameter. When this plant is at a reproductive ago, it’s leaves will become D GDUN ROLYH JUHHQ DQG ZLOO UHDFK OHQJWKV RI WKUHH WR IRXU IHHW ,W LV D YHU\ drought tolerant plant and can be grown both in ground or in a potted setting (at least 16 inches deep). By placing this plant species in the atrium of the buildings, it will receive enough sunlight throughout the year to help enforce the exterior space within the building’s design.

The $JRQLV ÀH[RXVD or the Peppermint Tree is a deciduous tree the grows between 25 and 35 feet tall. During the spring and the summer PRQWKV VPDOO ZKLWH ÀRZHUV DUH SURGXFHG RQ WKH EUDQFKHV RI WKH WUHH 7KLV drought tolerant tree is also hardy into the mid 20 degrees temperature. Due to the drooping nature of the tree, this tree was chosen to be placed on site for the shade that it will provide.

Commonly known as a Western Red-bud, the Cercis Occidentalis claims to be beautiful in all seasons. This drought tolerant, multi-trunked tree is highly ornamental. Dozens of purple blossoms bloom during the spring time, followed by long seed pods that start out lime green and transform into a purple-ish brown. Typically this small tree will not grow more than 20 feet and will provide variance in height and in color throughout the site. The nectar produced by the Western Red-bud will also attract hummingbirds to the site.

Registration No. 1-1104

Landscape Selection

Calculations and Design Tools

The -DVPLQXP 0XOWLĂ€RUXP is a shrubby and very fragrant vine found in Southern California. The Jasmine, as it is more commonly known as, is an evergreen shrubby vine that can grow up to ten feet tall and wide. This plant species tolerates draught to an extent, but would prefer to be watered in the summer, if possible. Placing this vine, and others in the smaller, open atrium near the shop classes will allow for an outdoor aesthetic but will provide shade and coverage to the students walking to and from class. By integrating a trellis and living plants into this space, it will also create interesting sun patterns in this space.

The Vitus Californica is known more commonly as the California Wild Grape. This deciduous vine adds a warm, vibrant color of red to any outdoor garden or trellis during the fall months. This vigorous vine can grow anywhere from three to six feet per year and also produces an abundance of fruit. However, while typically tasty, the grapes contain seeds and make for a better snack for animals and birds, rather than humans.

The Bougainvillea or the Paper Flower has a very burly type of vine and can be typically found in lower Florida and Southern California. Although this colorful vine adds character and color to any space, it does come with thorns that run up and down the burly vine; pruning can be an issue.

The Bougainvillea continued. This vine grows a very thick and YLEUDQW VHW RI ÀRZHUV LI LQ WKH LGHDO FRQGLWLRQV 7KH 3DSHU )ORZHU ZLVKHV to be in full sun and can actually stand in many types of soil. This vine can ÀRXULVK LQ DQ\ DPRXQW RI SUHFLSLWDWLRQ EXW WKH GULHU WKH FOLPDWH WKH EUDFW FRORU RI WKH SODQW VWDUWV WR GHHSHQ ,Q DGGLWLRQ WR VXQOLJKW WKH %RXJDLQYLOOHD grows best in temperatures that are warm throughout the day but then cool at night. Bougainvillea typically cannot be grown in indoor conditions.

Registration No. 1-1104

Landscape Selection

Calculations and Design Tools

Material References and Construction Types

0DWHULDO 3DOOHW 3UHFHGHQW ,PDJHV 6.1 Wall, Window, + Roof Materials 6.2

0DWHULDO 3DOOHW 3UHFHGHQW ,PDJHV

,QWHULRU 6OLGLQJ 'RRU 'HWDLO similar concept but larger scale in at atrium ends

Stair exampleglass + lightweight

Glass door detail along main circulation spacehas ability to completely open

Example of shop classroomFRQFUHWH Ă€RRUV WKURXJKRXW ÂłZDUHKRXVH´ IHHO

Omni-Block5HSODFHV W\SLFDO &08 ZLWK PRUH HIÂżFLHQW 5 9DOXH

Example of atrium xeriscaped landscapegravel and drought tolerant plants

%DPERR ÀRRULQJ WKURXJK PDLQ FLUFXODWLRQ VSDFH remaining spaces contain a smooth concrete

+ROORZ FRUH VODEV ZHUH XVHG LQ ÀRRULQJ GHWDLO

Registration No. 1-1104

Material Reference

Calculations and Design Tools

6.2 : Wall, Window, + Roof Materials

Roof Construction (R-1) - 8� Reinforced Hollow Core Slab

R - 1.34

- 8� Expanded polystyrene, extruded (smooth skin surface) (CFC-12 exp.)

R - 40

Total Wall Construction

R - 41.34

U-Value (1 / R-Value)

0.025

Roof System 1 (R-1) Wall System 1 (W-1) ´ 2PQL%ORFN ,QVXODWHG &08 1

5

Total Wall Construction

R - 13.6

U-Value (1 / R-Value)

0.073

Wall System 2 (W-2) ´ 2PQL%ORFN ,QVXODWHG &08 1

5

- 2� Expanded polystyrene, extruded (smooth skin surface) (CFC-12 exp.)

R - 10

- 2� Light Weight Concrete

R - 2.5

Total Wall Construction

R - 26.1

U-Value (1 / R-Value)

0.038

Glazing 1 (G-1) : North Facade

Wall System 1 (W-1)

Wall System 2 (W-2)

1/8� Clear

U - Factor 1.3 SHGC .79 VT .69

Glazing 2 (G-2) : North Facade 1/8� Clear 1/2� Air

U - Factor .49 SHGC .58

1/8� Clear

VT

.57

Glazing 3 (G-3) : South Facade 1/8� Low-e .04

U - Factor .49

1/2� Argon

SHGC

.58

1/8� Clear

VT

.57

Glazing 4 (G-4) : South Facade 1/8� Low-e (.08) 1/2� Krypton 1/8� Clear

U - Factor .15 SHGC .37 VT .48

1/2� Krypton 1/8� Low-e (.08)

Glazing 1 (G-1) Glazing 2 (G-2)

Registration No. 1-1104

Glazing 3 (G-3)

Glazing 4 (G-4)

Glazing 5 (G-5)

Material Reference

Glazing 5 (G-5) : East and West Facades 1/8� Low-e (.10)

U - Factor .31

1/2� Argon 1/8� Clear

SHGC VT

.26 .31

Calculations and Design Tools

3DUW ,, 5HIHUHQFH &KDUWV

Monthly Comfort Level Assessment 7.1 ,QWHUQDO +HDW *DLQ &KDUW 7.2 PEC Solar Calculator - Radiation Totals for all facades 7.3 Photovoltaic Panel Collection Rate per Month 7.4

7.1 : Monthly Comfort Level Assessment This chart contains the Average Dry Bulb and Relative Humidity for each month of the year. The dry bulb and relative humidity information was found in Section 6. Weather of the Leading Edge Competition packet. From the Tenth Edition RI 0((% WKH VSDFHV ZHUH DQDO\]HG WR ÂżJXUH WKH DPRXQW RI VXQ DQG RU ZLQG WKDW QHHGHG WR EH DGGHG WR UHDFK D GHVLUHG comfort zone (Figure 4.4, page 87).

Month

Average Dry Blub

Average Relative Humidity

Comfort

January

56

70

Cold - Add Sun, lower RH

&/26(' %/'* &21',7,21 0D[LPD]H 3DVVLYH +HDW *DLQ DQG ,QWHUQ Heat Gain. Suppliment with Active Heating

February

57

69

Cold - Add Sun, lower RH

&/26(' %/'* &21',7,21 0D[LPD]H 3DVVLYH +HDW *DLQ DQG ,QWHUQ Heat Gain. Suppliment with Active Heating

March

58

68

Cold - Add Sun, lower RH

&/26(' %/'* &21',7,21 0D[LPD]H 3DVVLYH +HDW *DLQ DQG ,QWHUQ Heat Gain. Suppliment with Active Heating

April

62

68

Chilly - Add Sun, lower RH

23(1 %/'* &21',7,21 0D[LPL]H 3DVVLYH +HDW *DLQ DQG ,QWHUQ +HDW Gain.

May

64

68

Chilly - Add Sun, lower RH

23(1 %/'* &21',7,21 0D[LPL]H 3DVVLYH +HDW *DLQ DQG ,QWHUQ +HDW Gain.

June

67

71

Chilly - Add Sun, lower RH

23(1 %/'* &21',7,21 0D[LPL]H 3DVVLYH +HDW *DLQ DQG ,QWHUQ +HDW Gain.

July

70

73

Comfort

23(1 %/'* &21',7,21 0D[LPL]H ,QGLUHFW 'D\OLJKWLQJ 7KHUP 0DVV Passive Ventilation - offset internal heat gain.

August

70

69

Comfort

23(1 %/'* &21',7,21 0D[LPL]H ,QGLUHFW 'D\OLJKWLQJ 7KHUP 0DVV Passive Ventilation - offset internal heat gain.

September

72

68

Comfort

23(1 %/'* &21',7,21 0D[LPL]H ,QGLUHFW 'D\OLJKWLQJ 7KHUP 0DVV Passive Ventilation - offset internal heat gain.

October

65

70

Chilly - Add Sun, lower RH

23(1 %/'* &21',7,21 0D[LPL]H 3DVVLYH +HDW *DLQ DQG ,QWHUQ +HDW Gain.

November

61

65

Chilly - Add Sun, lower RH

23(1 %/'* &21',7,21 0D[LPL]H 3DVVLYH +HDW *DLQ DQG ,QWHUQ +HDW Gain.

December

56

62

Cold - Add Sun, lower RH

&/26(' %/'* &21',7,21 0D[LPD]H 3DVVLYH +HDW *DLQ DQG ,QWHUQ Heat Gain. Suppliment with Active Heating

Registration No. 1-1104

Notes

Reference Charts

Calculations and Design Tools

,QWHUQDO +HDW *DLQ &KDUW The numbers from this chart can be located in the Tenth Edition of MEEB in Table F.3 Approximating Summer Heat Gains from Occupants, Equipment, Lighting, and Envelope on page 1610.

Space

Area ft2

Gain People Rate Btu/h ft2

Gain Equip Rate Btu/h ft2

Gain Lighting Rate Btu/h ft2 (DF<1)

Gain Lighting Rate Btu/h ft2 (DF>4)

Office Class (College) Assembly (Fixed) Sit - Down Dinning General

5,600 16,600 1,800 1,200 1,225

1.30 1.70 14.00 10.20 1.00

0.40 0.60 0.00 5.10 0.00

5.10 0.60 3.80 6.30 3.80

0.50 0.70 0.40 0.60 0.40

Registration No. 1-1104

Reference Charts

Calculations and Design Tools

7.3 : PEC Solar Calculator - Radiation Totals for North Facade PEC SOLAR CALCULATOR

DIRECT RADIATION

Annual Version, PG&E Energy Center

INPUT: LATITUDE SURFACE AZIMUTH (0=S,+E, -W) SURFACE TILT (90 = Vert) TRANS @ NORMAL

North Leading Edge Net Zero Competition ANNUAL SUMMARY:

33 33 °LA 180.0 180 °AZI 90 0.9

ENTER DESIRED VARIABLE:

6

1 = Solar Altitude 2 = Solar Azimuth 3 = Solar Surface Azimuth 4 = Angle of Incidence 5 = Profile Angle 6 = Direct Radiation 7 = Diffuse Radiation 8 = Total Radiation 9 = Trans. Radiation The above spreadsheet calculates the major solar variables for a specific latitude and surface orientation. i t ti For F more information i f ti contact t t Charles Ch l C. Benton or Robert Marcial, The PG&E Energy Center, 851 Howard Street, San Francisco, CA 94103

Btu/SF Hr.

Hour

DEC

JAN-NOV

FEB-OCT

MAR-SEP

APR-AUG

MAY-JUL

JUNE

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 11.7 6.3 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.3 11.7 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 35.1 32.7 7.7 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.7 32.7 35.1 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0.0 44.7 43.1 20.6 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20.6 43.1 44.7 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL

0

0

0

0

36

151

217

DIRECT RADIATION NOTES: 1. Use this calculator by inserting values in the input (red) section. 45.0

2. Radiation values are calculated using approximate algorithms to suggest patterns only. Verify carefully with other sources to confirm reliability.

40.0

30.0

We use this worksheet as a preliminary, informal calculator for solar variables and make no claims of elegance or accuracy. For important calculations check these figures using a second and/or third source (e.g. Chap. 27, ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals.) PG&E disclaims all implied warranties, including without limitation warranties of performance and fitness for a particular purpose. This software is provided "as is" and the user assumes the entire risk as to its quality lit and d performance. f

25.0 20.0

Btu/SF Hr. r.

35.0

DISCLAIMER:

15.0 10.0 5.0

0

0

© Charles C. Benton, Robert A. Marcial The PG&E Energy Center Pacific Gas & Electric Co. 1993

Registration No. 1-1104

DEC

Reference Charts

Calculations and Design Tools

7.3 : PEC Solar Calculator - Radiation Totals for East Facade PEC SOLAR CALCULATOR

DIRECT RADIATION

Annual Version, PG&E Energy Center

INPUT: LATITUDE SURFACE AZIMUTH (0=S,+E, -W) SURFACE TILT (90 = Vert) TRANS @ NORMAL

East Leading Edge Net Zero Competition ANNUAL SUMMARY:

33 33 °LA 90.0 90 °AZI 90 0.9

ENTER DESIRED VARIABLE:

6

1 = Solar Altitude 2 = Solar Azimuth 3 = Solar Surface Azimuth 4 = Angle of Incidence 5 = Profile Angle 6 = Direct Radiation 7 = Diffuse Radiation 8 = Total Radiation 9 = Trans. Radiation The above spreadsheet calculates the major solar variables for a specific latitude and surface orientation. i t ti For F more information i f ti contact t t Charles Ch l C. Benton or Robert Marcial, The PG&E Energy Center, 851 Howard Street, San Francisco, CA 94103

Btu/SF Hr.

Hour

DEC

JAN-NOV

FEB-OCT

MAR-SEP

APR-AUG

MAY-JUL

JUNE

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 133.4 164 4 164.4 130.8 70.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 160.2 176 7 176.7 137.6 74.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100.0 205.8 198 2 198.2 149.4 79.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 177.0 224.5 204 4 204.4 151.7 80.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 68.2 194.8 216.1 192 1 192.1 141.6 74.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 114.8 192.3 203.2 178 7 178.7 131.2 69.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0.0 122.9 186.7 194.9 170 9 170.9 125.5 66.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL

499

549

733

838

888

889

867

DIRECT RADIATION NOTES: 1. Use this calculator by inserting values in the input (red) section. 250.0

2. Radiation values are calculated using approximate algorithms to suggest patterns only. Verify carefully with other sources to confirm reliability.

200.0

150 0 150.0

We use this worksheet as a preliminary, informal calculator for solar variables and make no claims of elegance or accuracy. For important calculations check these figures using a second and/or third source (e.g. Chap. 27, ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals.) PG&E disclaims all implied warranties, including without limitation warranties of performance and fitness for a particular purpose. This software is provided "as is" and the user assumes the entire risk as to its quality lit and d performance. f

100.0

Btu/SF Hr. r.

DISCLAIMER:

50.0

0

0

© Charles C. Benton, Robert A. Marcial The PG&E Energy Center Pacific Gas & Electric Co. 1993

Registration No. 1-1104

DEC

Reference Charts

Calculations and Design Tools

7.3 : PEC Solar Calculator - Radiation Totals for South Facade PEC SOLAR CALCULATOR

DIRECT RADIATION

Annual Version, PG&E Energy Center

INPUT: LATITUDE SURFACE AZIMUTH (0=S,+E, -W) SURFACE TILT (90 = Vert) TRANS @ NORMAL

South Leading Edge Net Zero Competition ANNUAL SUMMARY:

33 33 °LA 0.0 00 °AZI 90 0.9

ENTER DESIRED VARIABLE:

6

1 = Solar Altitude 2 = Solar Azimuth 3 = Solar Surface Azimuth 4 = Angle of Incidence 5 = Profile Angle 6 = Direct Radiation 7 = Diffuse Radiation 8 = Total Radiation 9 = Trans. Radiation The above spreadsheet calculates the major solar variables for a specific latitude and surface orientation. i t ti For F more information i f ti contact t t Charles Ch l C. Benton or Robert Marcial, The PG&E Energy Center, 851 Howard Street, San Francisco, CA 94103

Btu/SF Hr.

Hour

DEC

JAN-NOV

FEB-OCT

MAR-SEP

APR-AUG

MAY-JUL

JUNE

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 98.0 174 1 174.1 218.5 243.7 252.0 243.7 218.5 174.1 98.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 106.9 172 5 172.5 213.9 238.0 246.0 238.0 213.9 172.5 106.9 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31.2 102.7 152 8 152.8 188.8 210.8 218.3 210.8 188.8 152.8 102.7 31.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25.8 70.6 111 3 111.3 143.1 163.2 170.0 163.2 143.1 111.3 70.6 25.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 25.0 57 9 57.9 84.8 102.3 108.3 102.3 84.8 57.9 25.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 2 20.2 43.7 59.1 64.4 59.1 43.7 20.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 52 5.2 27.1 41.5 46.5 41.5 27.1 5.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL

1721

1709

1591

1198

648

310

194

DIRECT RADIATION NOTES: 1. Use this calculator by inserting values in the input (red) section. 300.0

2. Radiation values are calculated using approximate algorithms to suggest patterns only. Verify carefully with other sources to confirm reliability.

250.0

DISCLAIMER:

150.0

Btu/SF Hr. r.

200.0

We use this worksheet as a preliminary, informal calculator for solar variables and make no claims of elegance or accuracy. For important calculations check these figures using a second and/or third source (e.g. Chap. 27, ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals.) PG&E disclaims all implied warranties, including without limitation warranties of performance and fitness for a particular purpose. This software is provided "as is" and the user assumes the entire risk as to its quality lit and d performance. f

100.0 50.0

0

0

© Charles C. Benton, Robert A. Marcial The PG&E Energy Center Pacific Gas & Electric Co. 1993

Registration No. 1-1104

DEC

Reference Charts

Calculations and Design Tools

7.3 : PEC Solar Calculator - Radiation Totals for West Facade PEC SOLAR CALCULATOR

DIRECT RADIATION

Annual Version, PG&E Energy Center

INPUT: LATITUDE SURFACE AZIMUTH (0=S,+E, -W) SURFACE TILT (90 = Vert) TRANS @ NORMAL

West Leading Edge Net Zero Competition ANNUAL SUMMARY:

33 33 °LA -90.0 -90 °AZI 90 0.9

ENTER DESIRED VARIABLE:

6

1 = Solar Altitude 2 = Solar Azimuth 3 = Solar Surface Azimuth 4 = Angle of Incidence 5 = Profile Angle 6 = Direct Radiation 7 = Diffuse Radiation 8 = Total Radiation 9 = Trans. Radiation The above spreadsheet calculates the major solar variables for a specific latitude and surface orientation. i t ti For F more information i f ti contact t t Charles Ch l C. Benton or Robert Marcial, The PG&E Energy Center, 851 Howard Street, San Francisco, CA 94103

Btu/SF Hr.

Hour

DEC

JAN-NOV

FEB-OCT

MAR-SEP

APR-AUG

MAY-JUL

JUNE

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70.9 130.8 164.4 133.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 74.1 137.6 176.7 160.2 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 79.5 149.4 198.2 205.8 100.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 80.3 151.7 204.4 224.5 177.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 74.8 141.6 192.1 216.1 194.8 68.2 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 69.2 131.2 178.7 203.2 192.3 114.8 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 66.2 125.5 170.9 194.9 186.7 122.9 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL

499

549

733

838

888

889

867

DIRECT RADIATION NOTES: 1. Use this calculator by inserting values in the input (red) section. 250.0

2. Radiation values are calculated using approximate algorithms to suggest patterns only. Verify carefully with other sources to confirm reliability.

200.0

150 0 150.0

We use this worksheet as a preliminary, informal calculator for solar variables and make no claims of elegance or accuracy. For important calculations check these figures using a second and/or third source (e.g. Chap. 27, ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals.) PG&E disclaims all implied warranties, including without limitation warranties of performance and fitness for a particular purpose. This software is provided "as is" and the user assumes the entire risk as to its quality lit and d performance. f

100.0

Btu/SF Hr. r.

DISCLAIMER:

50.0

0

0

© Charles C. Benton, Robert A. Marcial The PG&E Energy Center Pacific Gas & Electric Co. 1993

Registration No. 1-1104

DEC

Reference Charts

Calculations and Design Tools

Part 7.4 : Photovoltaic Panel Collection Rate per Month http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/calculators/PVWATTS/version1/ Click on the site where you want to use PVWATTS to calculate the electrical energy produced. Choose the site nearest to your location that has similar topography. If near a state border, you may wish to review site locations in the adjacent state.

Click on Calculate if default values are acceptable, or after selecting your system specifications. Click on Help for information about system specifications. To use a DC to AC derate factor other than the default, click on Derate Factor Help for information.

Station Identification: WBAN Number:

23129

City:

Long_Beach

State:

California

PV System Specifications: DC Rating (kW ): DC to AC Derate Factor: Array Type: Fixed Tilt or 1-Axis Tracking System: Array Tilt (degrees):

(Default = Latitude)

Array Azimuth (degrees):

(Default = South)

Energy Data: Cost of Electricity (cents/kWh):

***

AC Energy & Cost Savings

Station Identification

Results

City:

Long_Beach

State:

California

Latitude:

33.82° N

Longitude:

118.15° W

Elevation:

17 m

PV System Specifications DC Rating:

1.0 kW

DC to AC Derate Factor: 0.770 AC Rating:

0.8 kW

Array Type:

1-Axis Tracking

Array Tilt:

33.8°

Array Azimuth:

180.0°

AC Energy

Energy Value

(kWh/m2/day)

(kWh)

($)

1

5.16

117

14.62

2

5.94

121

15.12

3

6.76

152

19.00

4

7.83

169

21.12

5

7.75

171

21.38

6

7.66

164

20.50

7

8.56

186

23.25

8

8.67

186

23.25

9

7.68

161

20.12

10

6.54

144

18.00

11

5.68

123

15.38

12

5.11

115

14.38

Year

6.95

1810

226.25

Energy Specifications Cost of Electricity:

Solar Radiation

Month

12.5 ¢/kWh

http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/calculators/PVWATTS/version1/

Registration No. 1-1104

Reference Charts

Calculations and Design Tools

Corresponding Board

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