Eric Tse Columbia University GSAPP M.Arch Portfolio

ERIC TSE Columbia University M.Arch Degree Candidate 2010 Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation

[ 3 ] ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LAB Core Studio I (FA2007) Mark Rakatansky, critic [ ENACTMENT ]

[ 2 ] MUSEUM OF DELINEATION Core Studio II (SP2008) Alice Chun, critic [ MATERIAL STUDY ]

[ 1 ] LIVINGSPACE Core Studio III (FA2008) Ada Tolla & Giuseppe Lignano, critics [ RESEARCH ]

[ 4 ] HALITE MIRAGE Advanced Studio V (FA2009) Francois Roche with Marc Fornes, critics [ SCRIPTING NARRATIVES ]

The following projects represent the work completed in the Master of Architecture program at GSAPP. Throughout the years, I took the opportunity to explore new methodologies in order to challenge my own architectural ideology. The work is presented here in a reordered flow to reflect my developed approach to the design process.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

[ 6 ] SOLADIUM Advanced Studio IV (SP2009) David Benjamin, critic [ OPTIMIZATION ]

[ 8 ] ARTISAN LOFTS Building Systems II (FA2009) Robert Condon with Russell Davies, critics [ CONSTRUCTION ]

[ 5 ] COMPUTING KAIZEN

[ 7 ] BUTTERFLY

Advanced Studio VI (SP2010) Toru Hasegawa and Mark Collins, critics [ COMPUTATION ]

Core Studio III (SP2010) Joe Vidich, critic [ DIGITAL FABRICATION ]

LIVINGSPACE 2000 UNIT HOUSING SCHEME JERSEY CITY, NJ WASTE / EARTH Waste is constantly around us. We have become indoctrinated by hyper capitalist consumerism and are blind to the profound impacts on the environment and other human societies. But we can no longer ignore the massive problems that our wasteful attitude is creating all around the world - it won’t be long before all our landfills are pushed to maximum capacity, waterways are poisoned, and natural resources are depleted. There needs to be a fundamental shift in our approach to production, consumption, and disposal.

SELF-SUSTAINING CYCLICAL INFRASTRUCTURES LivingSPACE aims to transform urban living and break the current linear process of destructive activity by implementing an architecture that promotes self-sustaining cyclical infrastructures and communal beneficence. The project proposes a solution that forces urban dwellers to sever their dependency on the corrupt systems that are currently in place and participate in a new way of living.

CORE STUDIO III (Fall 2008) with Ruth Mandl Ada Tolla & Giuseppe Lignano, critics

LIVINGSPACE WASTE/COMPOST

The architecture seeks to exploit the potential advantages and adjacencies inherent in waste to remediate earth, produce energy, and improve social relationships. Instead of being a neglected by-product of consumption, waste becomes a principal actor in the narrative between humans and buildings while infrastructure is the stage that brings everything to life.

site boundary

TILT, STACK, LIGHT

Setbacks and tilted orientation towards the sun increase sunlight exposure. Space between SECTION clusters allows for green space, air flow, and more sunlight. In order to strictly adhere to the site boundaries, the 2000 units are stacked into clusters but then the clusters are pulled apart vertically, thus creating a porous building.

ROTATE, CIRCULATE, COMPOST TEA

site boundary

When compost COMPOST TEA is steeped in water and aerated over a period of 1-3 days, the beneficial micro-organisms and nutrients will leach into the water, creating compost tea. The composting process requires a balanced composition of organic waste, as well as sufficient moisture and air, in order to produce healthy compost with some byproduct usable heat

Rotated orientation to the south increases sunlight exposure. The compost tea system is PLAN placed beneath the washroom to take advantage of proximity to organic kitchen waste and treated water from the washroom, before heading down to another unit.

CS.III

WASTE STREAM COMPOSITION

HOW IS TRASH MANAGED?

food waste 12.4% yard waste 12.9%

landfilling 133.3 MT 54% nondurable goods 25.5%

WASTE RESEARCH

recycling 58.4 MT 24%

containers and packaging 31.7%

durable goods 16%

1

composting 20.6 MT 8% incineration 33.4 MT 14%

24-50% of current waste can be composted to reduce strain on landfills

compost tea in

COMPOST TEA PIPES

Diagram of one bedroom unit showing compost tea pipes coming from unit above, radiant floor heating supplied by byproduct heat of aerobic decomposition process, and solid waste recycling chutes.

compost tea out

LIVINGSPACE

6ft

chinese banana self-pollinating full sun to partial shade, matures on tree, ripens once picked

vanilla self-pollinating full sun to partial shade seed pod is commercial vanilla.

3ft

cucumber 3 inches 4ft - 12ft

passion flower

avocado

self-pollinating full sun ripens on vine

self-pollinating requires full sun matures on tree, but ripens once picked good if ripened with bananas

8ft

4ft

eggplant dwarf citrus self-pollinating full sun fruit ripens on tree

PLANTS

self-pollinating full sun to partial shade water and fertilizer heavy.

65 indoors

self-pollinating full sun to partial shade water and fertilizer heavy. disease resisrant.

fig self-pollinating likes cool, moist atmosphere in winter.

Each unit type accommodates a different plant type in terms of size and compost tea infrastructure

trees / 3 bdrm

low growing / 2 bdrm

vines / 1 bdrm

flowers / studio

Each unit type (studio to three bedroom) accommodates a different geometric plant typology (flower, low-growing UNITS crop, vine-growing crop, tree) through a system of pipes that distributes compost tea, both as a foliar spray and soil-based application for protection and nutrients.

CS.III

COMPOST TEA PIPES

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Interior rendering of one bedroom unit showing plant growth on compost tea pipes for privacy and garden crops at exterior window. Pipes both circulate compost tea throughout the system and provide structure on which plants can grow.

LIVINGSPACE

CROSS SECTION

CS.III

BUILDING LAYERS The building is composed of several layers at varying scales. The units face outwards on the east and west sides, supported by a lighter structural system closer to the facade with heavier support in the center. The circulation occurs in the middle through a series of ramps, stairs, and elevators.

Solid waste is transported by a system of separated chutes from each unit to collection points at the base, which are connected to the train for direct disposal to be shipped away.

west side units core with connection to train v frame system recycling chutes with deposit to train compst tea pipes east side units

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journal square

2000 unit housing scheme in tight site conditions at Journal Square, Jersey City, on the PATH Train. The building strictly SITE PLAN adheres to the site boundaries and so the units are pulled apart vertically to allow light to penetrate through the facade.

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LIVINGSPACE COMMUNAL SPACES

Crop production takes place at the exterior face, such that the clustering and accumulation of units creates a veritable living wall when viewed from the outside. Some of the crop produced from each unit can be consumed by the occupants, while the rest can be traded for other food or sold to the wider community. The plan illustrates the clusters of units separated by large spaces, which provide local green areas, while there are larger communal zones at the ends of the building.

LONG SECTION

CS.III

1:100 MODEL

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LIVINGSPACE

CS.III

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MUSEUM OF DELINEATION DRAWING CENTER New York, NY DRAWING & ARCHITECTURE Drawing is the most effective means of communication in architecture. It is used to initiate dialogue with one’s own thoughts, as well as the thoughts of others. It can be expressive, self-reflexive, didactic, operative, directive, and/ or experimental. Without drawing, modern architecture would be impossible. Since ancient times, developments in drawing have paralleled advancements in architecture – through new ways of drawing, individuals were better able conceive of their ideas and express those ideas to other people. Above all, drawing is a means of connecting people in a way that words cannot achieve and so drawing in architecture is about connecting people to their built environment.

DRAWING IN ARCHITECTURE Line is the essence of drawing. Drawing gives form to architecture. How can line manifest in architecture? The Museum of Delineation explores the ways in which line can be employed at different scales of the built environment from structure to sight to circulation.

CORE STUDIO II (Spring 2008) Alice Chun, critic

MUSEUM OF DELINEATION

MATERIAL STUDIES

Conceptual model exploring system of organized chaos, where sticks start off colinear and gradually begin to inter-weave, while another layer of string connects similar joints.

CS.II

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public

structure

gallery

garden

circulation

Material study combined with programmatic SECTIONAL SKETCH areas of structure, building systems, circulation, gallery, and garden.

Iterative process of scoring sticks randomly on one of four sides, then ITERATIVE PROCESS bending the sticks along score lines to make them twisted, and finally combining them together.

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MUSEUM OF DELINEATION SYSTEM OF LINES

The structure is cantilevered off the orthogonal core at the back party wall and then elements weave together in order to form a structural lattice free of columns. The gardens up top are used to collect and filter rain water for use in the building, while the roof directs rain water to the hanging gardens at the facade.

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CS.II

OUTDOOR DRAWING WALL

CONFERENCE AND EVENT SPACE

SECTION B-B

STAFF CURATORIAL

STORAGE

ARTIST VIEWING SLIDE REGISTRY BEYOND

STORAGE

OUTDOOR DRAWING WALL

CONSERVATION WORK AREA

PORTFOLIO ROOM

STORAGE

STORAGE

CONFERENCE AND EVENT SPACE

STORAGE

STORAGE

CONFERENCE AND EVENT SPACE

STORAGE

SECTION C-C

2

MUSEUM OF DELINEATION

EXTERIOR VIEW

GALLERY SPACE

Model shows facade compo 1/4” = 1’-0” MODEL of density according to light requirements of specific cantilever off the storage space at the back and wea

osed of individual elements in varying degrees interior program, while individual elements ave to create a stable structural system.

CS.II

3

MUSEUM OF DELINEATION

OUTDOOR DRAWING WALL BEYOND

CAFE / GARDEN

DRAW ROOM

INFO / THEATER

GALLERY

DIGITAL DISPLAY

DISPLAY

DIGITAL DRAWING

GALLERY DISPLAY

DIGITAL DRAWING

Spaces are articulated by linear building elements, from long exhibition galleries to open conferenc CROSS SECTION also weave back and forth to provide cross pollination of spaces. Density of members defines visual porosity, light pene

CS.II

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WING MS GARDEN

DIGITAL DISPLAY

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CONFERENCE AND EVENT SPACE DISPLAY

ce areas. Circulation pathways etration, and movement.

PUBLICATION LIBRARY

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MUSEUM OF DELINEATION

CS.II

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ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LAB CLIMATOLOGY CENTER New York, NY PRESSURE & RELEASE IN ATMOSPHERE The processes of pressure and release are important forces in climate change, which is a significant concern in the face of global warming and depleting resources.

PRESSURE & RELEASE IN ARCHITECTURE An Atmospheric Research Lab situated in the most global of places, New York City, will help to educate people on the issues at hand and exert pressure on communities at all levels in order to ameliorate the impact of human actions on the environment. The design responds to various surrounding pressures including the park, water, pathways, and program, which cause corollary releases. The building acts as a beacon of communication through both function and architecture.

CORE STUDIO I (Fall 2007) Mark Rakatanksy, critic

ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LAB

CS.I

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ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LAB

CROSS SECTION

Through lab area circulation

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BUILDING RELEASE

The lab responds to various pressures from the site and program, such as pedestrian flow, existing park conditions, or vertical circulation, in order to release from its original regular form.

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ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LAB

CS.I

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HALITE MIRAGE DESERT LABYRINTH DEATH VALLEY, CA PROTOCOL OF LIFE AND DEATH This project negotiates the vibration between life and death, construction and destruction. Its physicality is determined by a natural salt substance, which negotiates the cycle of Cradle 2 Cradle. The substance is affected by agents (biological, chemical, physical, etc), which both give life and take life.

These basic substances and interactions produce complex morphologies, which are artificially generated by advanced computational methods.

THE BATTLE OF IMPERMANENCY Halite Mirage explores the blurred conditions of reality as a reaction to the principle of optical perception that dominates humans. The project posits a game of lies, cultivating a field of ambiguity where reality and illusion come too close to be distinguished.

The human consciousness is tortured in the hot and arid environment of the desert salt beds, taking advantage of the extreme conditions of this biotope to disable the common ability of perception.

From the accumulation of salt water following the rare flash flood in Death Valley grows an ephemeral crystalline labyrinth, emerging into existence for a brief period of time, before dissolving back into the ground.

ADVANCED STUDIO V (Fall 2009) with Kyriakos Kyriakou Francois Roche with Marc Fornes, critics

HALITE MIRAGE

SALT SKELETAL STALACTITES IN CAVES

SALT CRYSTALS

3-3-0-2

3-2-1-2

2-3-1-2

2-2-2-2

SALT EXPERIMENTS

water - salt - ammonium - blue ink

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HALITE MIRAGE

LABYRINTH OF SALT PAVILIONS

The labyrinth is formed by a series of individual pavilions, which act as guide posts, providing direction, shade, and water to the traveler.

The growth is not biological, but mineralogical, constructed from the salt that was deposited there thousands of years ago. Death Valley is now the location of the hottest, driest, and lowest points in North America, though it was not always so.

During the middle of the Pleistocene era, instead of dry land there was a succession of inland seas (collectively referred to as Lake Manly). As the area turned to desert, the water evaporated and deposited an abundance of common sodium salts.

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Δtv=12°

-zv=10°

Δtv=11°

-zv=32° Δtv=15° -zv=34°

Δtv=3° Δtv=17° -zv=49° Δtv=8° -zv=36° Δtv=3° Δtv=10° Δtv=8° -zv=36° -zv=49°

-zv=16° Δtv=12°

-zv=41° -zv=48°

-zv=22° -zv=48° Δtv=8° Δtv=17° -zv=31° -zv=10° Δtv=8° Δtv=17°

-zv=40° -zv=32°

Δtv=14°-zv=25° -zv=37° Δtv=14° Δtv=17° -zv=49° -zv=37°

-zv=24° -zv=8°

Δtv=3°

-zv=12°

Δtv=9°

-zv=37° Δtv=12° -zv=36°

Δtv=14° Δtv=12° -zv=25° Δtv=14°

-zv=29°

-zv=12° Δtv=9°

-zv=36° -zv=35° -zv=35° -zv=41°

-zv=26°

Δtv=9°

-zv=26°

Δtv=2° Δtv=18°

-zv=38° Δtv=10°

Δtv=6° Δtv=12°

Δtv=15°

-zv=27°

Δtv=6°

-zv=36°

-zv=27°

Δtv=5°

-zv=24°

Δtv=6°

Δtv=9°

t=1_5 x=-6 y=-36 t=1_5 Δtv=15° Z=-5 x=-6 y=-36 Δtv=15° Z=-5 Δtv=12°

Δtv=16°

-zv=34° Δtv=16° -zv=27°

-zv=32°

Δtv=14° -zv=32° Δtv=5° -zv=26°

t=1_3

t=1_4

Δtv=6°

-zv=30° -zv=34° Δtv=16°

-zv=31° -zv=32°

Δtv=4° Δtv=6°

-zv=25°

t=1_3

t=1_4

-zv=23° Δtv=10°

Δtv=5° Δtv=7° Δtv=7°-zv=30°

-zv=31° -zv=30°

Δtv=7° Δtv=4°

-zv=12°

-zv=24°

-zv=34° -zv=30°

Δtv=18° Δtv=7°

Δtv=5°

-zv=27° -zv=26° Δtv=10° -zv=40° Δtv=2° -zv=27°

Δtv=12°

Δtv=9° -zv=18°

Δtv=12°

t=1_3

-zv=34°

Δtv=6° Δtv=18°

-zv=12° Δtv=14°

-zv=19°

Δtv=16° Δtv=18°

-zv=47°

Δtv=6° -zv=26°

t=1_3

-zv=24°

Δtv=6° Δtv=10°

Δtv=11°

-zv=12°

Δtv=18° Δtv=6°

Δtv=8° -zv=36° Δtv=10° -zv=49°

t=1_4 x=-5 y=-36 t=1_4 Δtv=16° x=-5 y=-36 Δtv=16° Δtv=5°

Δtv=10° Δtv=10° Δtv=10°

-zv=10°

-zv=4°

Δtv=8°

Δtv=11°

Δtv=17°

Δtv=8°

-zv=22° Δtv=6° Δtv=12° -zv=19° Δtv=9° Δtv=6° -zv=19° Δtv=17° Δtv=9° -zv=17° Δtv=17° -zv=10° -zv=17° Δtv=8° -zv=17° -zv=10° Δtv=8° -zv=4° -zv=17°

-zv=32°

Δtv=17° -zv=43°

t=1_3 x=-6 y=-36 t=1_3 Z=-5 x=-6 Δtv=16° y=-36 Z=-5 Δtv=16°

Δtv=11°

-zv=25° -zv=21° Δtv=11° -zv=25° Δtv=11° -zv=22° Δtv=12°

-zv=34°

-zv=31° Δtv=13° -zv=42° Δtv=10° -zv=53° -zv=42° Δtv=10° Δtv=15° -zv=53° Δtv=12° Δtv=15°

-zv=12°

-zv=35° -zv=16°

Δtv=7°

-zv=40°

Δtv=17° -zv=49°

Δtv=6°

Δtv=9°

-zv=9° Δtv=7° -zv=21° -zv=9°

-zv=27°

-zv=25° Δtv=14° -zv=37°

t=1_2

-zv=27°

Δtv=15°

Δtv=14°

t=1_2

Δtv=3°

Δtv=15° Δtv=13°

-zv=26°

Δtv=2°

t=1_1

-zv=36°

Δtv=12°

-zv=6°

Δtv=15°

Δtv=10°

-zv=16°

t=1_2

Δtv=12°

t=1_1

-zv=34° Δtv=16°

-zv=32°

Δtv=4°

-zv=10° -zv=6°

Δtv=13° Δtv=4°

-zv=19°

Δtv=16°

-zv=16° -zv=11°

t=1_1 t=1_2

t=1_2

Δtv=6°

-zv=10°

Δtv=12°

t=1_2

-zv=30°

t=1_1

t=1_1

-zv=31°

Δtv=10° Δtv=12°

t=1_1

-zv=30°

Δtv=7°

Δtv=4°

-zv=22° -zv=11°

Δtv=3°

-zv=17° -zv=4°

-zv=12°

Δtv=10° Δtv=4° -zv=11° Δtv=9° Δtv=4° -zv=11° Δtv=9° -zv=22°

-zv=15°

-zv=10°

Δtv=8°

Δtv=8°

Δtv=6°

Δtv=14° -zv=22° -zv=23°

-zv=1°

t=1_2 x=-6 y=-36 t=1_2 Z=-5 x=-6 Δtv=9° y=-36 Z=-5 Δtv=9° Δtv=10°

-zv=17°

Δtv=10° -zv=24° -zv=21° Δtv=9° Δtv=10° Δtv=14° -zv=21° -zv=28° Δtv=9° Δtv=10° Δtv=14° -zv=33° -zv=28° Δtv=6° Δtv=10° -zv=27° -zv=33° Δtv=6° Δtv=14° -zv=37° -zv=27° -zv=31° Δtv=13° Δtv=14° -zv=37° Δtv=11° -zv=31° Δtv=13°-zv=46°

Δtv=11°

-zv=8°

-zv=10°

-zv=10° -zv=24°

Δtv=7° -zv=34°

Δtv=18°

t=1_1

Δtv=17°

t=1_5 x=-6 y=-36 Z=-5

-zv=24°

Δtv=6° t=1_1

-zv=19°

Δtv=9°

t=1_4

Δtv=5°

Δtv=10°

-zv=22°

Δtv=6°

-zv=25°

t=1_3

t=1_3

t=1_4 x=-5 y=-36 Δtv=16°

Δtv=10°

-zv=12° Δtv=13° Δtv=3° x=-9 y=-40 Z=-38 l=30

-zv=3°

-zv=14° -zv=16°

-zv=16° -zv=14° -zv=16°

r(Δ 0) v=0.75 r(Δ 0) v=0.75

r(Δ 0) v=0.75

r(Δ180) v=1.0 r(Δ180) v=1.0

r(Δ180) v=1.0

r(Δ45) v=1.5 r(Δ45) v=1.5

r(Δ26) v=1.0 r(Δ26) v=1.0

r(Δ90) v=1.25 r(Δ90) v=1.25

r(Δ90) v=1.25

r(Δ64) v=0.75 r(Δ64) v=0.75

The pavilions are composed of salt stalactites, grown from a drip fed COMPUTATIONAL PROTOCOL surface that rotates to generate various morphologies.

(n)certainties5.0_fall2009//EricTse_KyriakosKyriakou (n)certainties5.0_fall2009//EricTse_KyriakosKyriakou

r(Δ45) v=1.5

r(Δ26) v=1.0

r(Δ64) v=0.75

03 03

2

HALITE MIRAGE

PLAN & SECTION The pavilion is an expected surprise. While it is generated by a strategic process, its shape is unpredicted, as a number of uncontrollable parameters integrate and affect the process. We attempt to control its growth, manipulating

AS.V

gravity to adjust its direction, but it always reacts forming unexpected configurations. It comes out of a sequence of instructions, but its unstable nature turns it into an accumulation of anomalies., as no branch follows the expected path.

3

HALITE MIRAGE PAVILION MORPHOLOGY

Each pavilion is a stop and a start. It identifies the end of the torture, by relieving thirst and exhaustion, and outsets a new hardship, providing the essential information for the new place of relief. Its form translates vectors of movement, creating gates and arrows through different combinations of segments. Its branches are suggested vectors of travel and the boundaries of the field. While their ends point to the shortest torture – the closest pavilion – their length forms a dense wall that impedes any wrong direction.

A(13.8, 11.7) Dist: 18.6km

B(12.8, 12.8) Dist: 17.2km

A(13.8, 11.7) Dist: 18.6km

B(12.8, 12.8) Dist: 17.2km

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dawn

morning

noon

C(13.1, 14.0) Dist: 16.3km C(13.1, 14.0) Dist: 16.3km

afternoon

dusk

night

The pavilions oscillate between perception and DAILY MIRAGE abstraction in the mirage of the desert and affect its production.

4

HALITE MIRAGE

flash flood brings heavy rains

pavilion emerges from salt solution

pavilion necroses from wind and rain

next flash flood dissolves pavilion

new pavilion emerges The salt solution that floods the bottom of the old lake is collected YEARLY CYCLE OF LIFE AND DEATH and immediately set to the production of a new pavilion. As the labyrinth is exposed to the extreme desert conditions, wind and water necrose the structure until the moment of its death at the next flood.

CLOSEUP OF TEXTURE

AS.V

5

HALITE MIRAGE

AS.V

6

COMPUTING KAIZEN INCUBATOR OFFICE BUILDING TOKYO, JAPAN PROCESSING â&#x20AC;&#x153;Processing is an open source programming language and environment for people who want to program images, animation, and interactionsâ&#x20AC;? (from <http://www.processing. org>). This project uses Processing to develop an intelligent programmatic organizational model in a dynamic objectoriented environment.

EXPLODE / RECCONECT / ENVELOPE The goal was to create a space for the sub-cultures of Akihabara to emerge and generate new potentially more interesting connections. Using the power of computation in Processing, the large blocks of given programmatic requirements are broken down to create smaller chunks, which are then reconnected to produce different relationships than originally possible. Within this new network of nodes and connections, loops become important as a mechanism of feedback and cyclical beneficence, thus these loops are enveloped to generate shared spaces of interaction. Also, loops that intersect one another produce interesting boolean spaces, which are sometimes inside, sometimes outside, or sometimes both.

ADVANCED STUDIO VI (Spring 2010) Toru Hasegawa & Mark Collins, critics

COMPUTING KAIZEN ISSUES AND STRATEGIES

The studio was founded on several base issues, which led to the development of specific strategies that could take advantage of the potential in Processing to create dynamic conditions for intelligent and emergent behavior.

EXPLODING

RECONNECTING

PROGRAM KAIZEN INCUBATOR AKIHABARA

ENVELOPE

AKIHABARA

OFFICE

The site occupies interesting border territory between Akihabara and office buildings, thus enabling the incubator to take SITE PLAN advantage of hybrid possibilities. There are also significant infrastructural elements running through and around the site, including a canal, train, roads, and bridges. The major transportation lines will naturally promote this site as a new important intersection for Akihabara.

VIEW FROM APPROACHING TRAIN

AS.VI

1

COMPUTING KAIZEN PROGRAM NETWORK

Diagrams of simple behaviors in Processing sketch that determine the shape and topology of the network and geometry.

TOTAL SQFT

MIN SQFT

WORKSPACE/DESKS(I)

5000.0 sf

200 sf

CONFERENCE(I)

2000.0 sf

250 sf

COMPUTER/MEDIA LAB

1000.0 sf

250 sf 50 sf

INCUBATOR

OFFICE

LOBBY(I)

1000.0 sf

DOCUMENT AND BUSINESS SERVICES

500.0 sf

250 sf

SMALL KITCHEN

500.0 sf

250 sf

TOILET/WC(I)

500.0 sf

250 sf

WORKSPACE/DESKS(O)

10000.0 sf

250 sf

CONFERENCE(O)

3000.0 sf

500 sf

PRIVATE OFFICES

3000.0 sf

300 sf

CAFETERIA/KITCHEN

1000.0 sf

500 sf

PROGRAM

PUBLIC

[ 1 ] CONNECTIONS

LOBBY(O)

1000.0 sf

250 sf

SMALL AUDITORIUM

1000.0 sf

500 sf

TOILET/WC(O)

800.0 sf

400 sf

500 sf

FLEX SPACE/DINING

3000.0 sf

SMALL LECTURE/SCREENING ROOMS

3000.0 sf

500 sf

EXHIBITION

1000.0 sf

500 sf

LOBBY/RECEPTION

1000.0 sf

250 sf

PREP KITCHEN

1000.0 sf

500 sf

ADMINISTRATION

1000.0 sf

500 sf

BIKE PARK AND CHANGE ROOMS

1000.0 sf

500 sf

IT EQUIPMENT ROOM

1000.0 sf

250 sf

TOILET/WC(P)

700.0 sf

350 sf

JANITORIAL/SHOWERS/LOCKERS

600.0 sf

300 sf

STORAGE

600.0 sf

200 sf

PROJECTION ROOM

500.0 sf

250 sf

Start with network in undifferentiated state INTERNAL CONNECTIONS

EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS

( manual )

( crossover degree > 6 )

Workspace/Desks(I) Conference(I) Computer/Media Lab Lobby(I) Document and Business Services Small Kitchen Toilet/WC(I)

Workspace/Desks(O) Conference(O) Private Offices Cafeteria/Kitchen Lobby(O) Small Auditorium Toilet/WC(O)

Flex Space/Dining Small Lecture/Screening Rooms Exhibition Lobby(P) Prep Kitchen Administration Bike Park and Change Rooms IT Equipment Room Toilet/WC(P) Janitorial/Showers/Lockers Storage Projection Room

SETUP

AS.VI

[ 2 ] NODE PROPERTIES + NOISE TOLERANCE

+ TRAFFIC RATE

DRAW [ 3 ] EXPLODE AND RECONNECT EXPLODE PROGRAM ( choose biggest node )

RECONNECT PROGRAM ( attach to extra node )

DRAW

UPDATE SYSTEM ( continue )

2

COMPUTING KAIZEN

CONVEX HULLS

Search through network and find loops, only envelope loops that are unique with a good balance of different program types

DRA

AW

AS.VI

3

COMPUTING KAIZEN MANUAL POST-PROCESSING

The Processing sketch was executed multiple times with random seeds in order to achieve a manually optimized design regarding program distribution, convex hull coverage, and an overall interesting shape. base shape too rigid

OFFICE

PUBLIC too small

INCUBATOR

SCULPTING FORM

After choosing a good random seed, the Processing sketch is executed a few more times to extract convex hulls from various frames, which are judged based on overall shape. The chosen iteration is then manually sculpted to produce more articulated geometry and reduce inefficiencies such as very close hulls or hulls that are too long.

AS.VI

program too clumpy

not enough convex hulls

good distribution and interesting shape

TRANSPARENCY

Finally, the hulls are given a transparency value determined by averaging the transparency values of the contained nodes, on a scale from 1 to 3. This create materiality differences and creates hierarchy in the subsequent boolean operations.

4

COMPUTING KAIZEN

CROSS SECTION

Cut through several hulls of different material to show interesting boolean conditions of protruding spaces, shared spaces, and intersecting spaces.

AS.VI

5

COMPUTING KAIZEN

AS.VI

6

SOLADIUM 2010 WORLD CUP STADIUM JOHANNESBURG, SOUTH AFRICA DESIGNING DESIGN If we suppose that we can all now make parametric models, simulate building performance, and fabricate precise constructions, then what? How do we design in this post-parametric era? This project explored a new design methodology of proof through the design of experiments rather than the design of objects, in the process making explicit our metrics, causing a conscious evaluation of the decisions made as a designer.

The tools encompassed parametric modelling tools (Catia) and advanced artificial intelligence methods (evolutionary computation), combined with digital simulations (FEA) and prototype fabrication (wind tunnel testing).

SOLAR POWER TOWER The 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa will bring massive capital investments into the country, which could be leveraged to establish a foundation for future energy security by implementing low maintenance solar thermal technology. A solar power tower system could be coupled with complex structural and programmatic strategies in the stadium to generate a design that is high performing and unexpected, in addition to being beneficial to the socioeconomic development of the nation beyond the singularity of the event. The role of light in the project is paramount â&#x20AC;&#x201C; light energizes the stadium; light inspires the people; and light brings the nation onto the world stage.

ADVANCED STUDIO IV (Spring 2009) David Benjamin, critic

SOLADIUM

PROJECT INTENT

The 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa will bring massive capital investments into the country, which could be leveraged to establish a foundation for future energy security by implementing low maintenance solar thermal technology. A solar power tower system could be coupled with complex structural and programmatic strategies in the stadium to generate a design that is high performing and unexpected, in addition to being beneficial to the socioeconomic development of the nation beyond the singularity of the event.

The 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa will brin

into the country, which could be leveraged to esta

ENERGY SECURITY by implementing low maint

TECHNOLOGY. A solar power tower system coul

solar power tower

cable mast structure

STRUCTURAL AND PROGRAMMATIC STRATE

+

=

design that is high performing and unexpected, in

socio-economic development of the nation BEYO

EVENT. The ROLE OF LIGHT in the project is pa

ENERGY + AMBIENCE + LIGHT + CANOPY + STRUCTURE = SOLADIUM DESIGN ELEMENTS The role of light in the project is paramount â&#x20AC;&#x201C; light energizes the stadium; light inspires the people; and light brings the nation onto the world stage.

light inspires the people; and light brings the nati Workflow between aspects that are Beyond Testing, Automated Testing, and Manual Testing energy

energy

number towers

number mirrors

number mirrors

circulation

program

AUTOMATED TESTING BEYOND TESTING

public space

cable mast structure

sun

bowl shape

18 mirrors experiment

6 mirrors experiment

sun

sun

light effect

cultural aesthetics

SOLADIUM

MANUAL TESTING

site

DESIGN MAP

AS.IV

FIELD OF MIRRORS FOR AMBIENT LIGHT AND POWER GENERATION

STRUCTURAL SHELL TO SUPPORT MIRRORS

CABLE MAST SYSTEM with ROOF STRUCTURE

TYPICAL STANDS

1

SOLADIUM

With pathways to surro

TYPICAL FIFA PROGRAM

SITE ORGANIZATION

Number of towers based on approximate area estimates CABLE MAST STRUCTURE proportional to PS10 solar power tower in order to generate similar energy production levels

Echoes forms of surroundin CANOPY MESH location of pedestrian walkways on ground

SITE STRATEGY

Description of design process taking into account typical FIFA program, site organization, solar conditions, structure, mine dumps, sustainable energy production, ambient daylighting, shading, and ambience.

AS.IV

rounding program

ROOF RING TRUSS

Location and size of aperture optimized for structure and sunlight on pitch

ng mine dumps and responds in density to

Instantiation of mirrors on canopy mesh, optimized for energy production MIRROR ARRAY with solar power towers and ambient daylighting for stadium

2

SOLADIUM STRUCTURAL TEST

Set up of cable mast and roof ring truss structural experiment.

Using a genetic algorithm to explore hundreds of possible designs in order to optimize for the location of the roof ring truss aperture while maintaining structural stability in the roof ring truss and masts.

Variable elements: truss lengths, location of towers around the stadium, and height of the structure.

The experiment trended pretty well towards predicted outcomes, with somewhat interesting results, despite occasional miscalculations in area of the sun on the pitch.

OBJECTIVE MINIMIZE LENGTH of CABLES

OBJECTIVE MINIMIZE NODAL DISLACEMENT

INPUT LENGTH of ROOF TRUSS SEGMENTS

OBJECTIVE MAXIMIZE AREA of SUNLIGHT

INPUT HEIGHT of CONNECTION

OBJECTIVE MINIMIZE NODAL DISPLACEMENT CABLES AND MASTS ROOF STRUCTURE

UPPER STANDS STAND STRUCTURE LOWER STANDS PITCH

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ratio along line objective: MINIMIZE NODAL DISPLACEMENT of ROOF RING TRUSS

objective: MINIMIZE NODAL DISPLACEMENT of TOWERS AT TOP

height objective: MAXIMIZE SUN ON PITCH

distance ratio around from pitch center D.O.E. = SOBOL, # of designs = 100 SCHEDULER = MOGA-II, # of generations = 100 RUN TIME ~ 48 hours TIME per analysis ~ 2.5 min COMPLETED designs = 857 ERROR designs = 65 PARETO designs = 179

objective: MINIMIZE NODAL DISPLACEMENT of ROOF RING TRUSS

#00513

GOOD OVERALL

#00665

objective: MINIMIZE NODAL DISPLACEMENT of TOWERS AT TOP

#00814

Showing optimal designs for different objectives of test. Based on results from structural Cable Mast & EXPERIMENT RESULTS Roof Test, determine final static position of towers for consequent experiments.

3

SOLADIUM 18 MIRRORS REFLECTION TEST

INPUTS ig el s

s

s

el

el

n pa

n pa

n pa

of

of

of

eZ

ht

gl

eX first

he

an

gl

an

Set up of single bay of mirrors implementing lessons learned from previous smaller-scale experiments.

Using a genetic algorithm to explore thousands of possible designs in order to optimize for ambient daylighting of stadium.

The towers and stadium wall are fixed in place, while the mirrors can rotate along two axes and move in the vertical direction.

Although the experiment only produced 4 daylighting reflections, the results demonstrate the potential for the system to produce designs that are beyond human possibility, or at least incredibly difficult, and given enough time and resources the inital results suggest that the experiment would be able to generate better and more interesting designs than could be feasibly achieved by a human.

second

third

MINIMIZE DISTANCE to RECEIVER

first

objective: MAXIMIZE WALL INTERSECTIONS objective: MINIMIZE DISTANCE of INDIRECT REFLECTIONS to WALL

HOPEFUL PREDICTION: 9 HITS REALISTIC PREDICTION: 6 HITS

third

MAXIMIZE ALL REFLECTIONS

OBJECTIVES

3 TOWERS (set) 1 STADIUM WALL (set) 18 MIRRORS (rotate about X and Z) FIRST REFLECTION SECOND REFLECTION THIRD REFLECTION WALL INTERSECTION

second

AS.IV

WALL

1480 completed

}

293 completed

II.D. D (ti (time)) 998 completed

1088 completed

}

4711 completed

}

}

295 completed

3305 completed

8038 completed

}

MULTIPLE SEQUENCES Schematic representation of the multiple runs executed for the final test, taking pareto designs (optimal in one or more criteria without sacrificing too much in other criteria) in manipulated elitism to try to reach trend in experiment.

FIRST

WALL

THIRD

#5029

SECOND

#4892

#7773 single pareto I.D. (time)

I.D. (time)

Experiment shows gradual trend up to 4 reflections onto the stadium wall, but peaks despite several attempts EXPERIMENT RESULTS to manipulate the outcome. Experiment seems to settle on first configuration that outputs good results.

4

SOLADIUM Typical FIFA program shaded and ranked PROGRAM AND LIGHT according to daylighting requirements

LIGHT STRATEGY

Results of Reflection Experiment superimposed on building with typical stands to determine the locations of programmatic areas requiring greatest daylighting, which affects the placement of the light diffusing fabric.

HOSPITALITY AREAS within STADIUM PERIMETER

HOSPITALITY AREAS for STADIUM SPECTATOR AREAS MEDIA INTERVIEW AREAS FIFA OFFICES and MEETING ROOMS TICKETING CENTER VOLUNTEERS CENTER PRESS CONFERENCE ROOM MEDICAL FACILITIES

REMOTE MEDIA CENTER

STADIUM MEDIA CENTER

BROADCAST COMPOUNDS FIFA MEDIA AREAS DRESSING ROOMS SERVICE COMPOUNDS VENUE TICKET PROCESS CENTERS AFFILIATION CENTER MAIN TICKET PROCESS CENTER DOPING CONTROL

LONG SECTION

Showing canopy mesh, typical stadium, cable mast structure, and mirror array.

AS.IV

Located on LIGHT DIFFUSING FABRIC facade where ambient light hits the stadium

5

SOLADIUM

AS.IV

6

ADAPTIVE FORMULATIONS TRI TREE

TRILLIUM

Fractal Tree (SP2009) Exploring Catia Generative Shape Design and Knowledgeware

Surface Mesh Canopy (SP2009) Using Catia Generative Shape Design and Knowledgeware to algorithmically instantiate a module on a surface with variable density

ADAPTIVE VE FORMULATIONS IONS

trillium eric tse

[1] identify transportation paths

[2] generate canopy mesh ADAPTIVE VE FORMULATIONS IONS

trillium eric tse

MODULE CONNECTION POINT of three petals SPLINE 1 SPLINE 2 SPLINE 3 HEIGHT based on perimeter of triangle CENTER POINT TRIANGLE connecting three points THREE POINTS iterate through all points and find two closest points

ADAPTIVE VE FORMULATIONS IONS

trillium eric tse

Module instantiated on INSTANTIATION surface using algorithm that finds 3 closest points

Module instantiated on INSTANTIATION surfaces with different mesh densities

rendering of instantiated modules

VS ADAPTIVE VE FORMULATIONS IONS

1

trillium eric tse

BASE GEOMETRY 1 PATHS ON GROUND 2 SECTIONAL SPLINES shorter closer to paths 3 LANDSCAPE CONTOURS connect splines 4 SPACING POINTS segment contours

[3] subdivide surface

[4] resulting topology

TRIANGULATE POINTS for each point, find the two closest points

MODULE INSTANTIATED ON LANDSCAPE showing variation in size and orientation based on density of landscape

BUTTERFLY PERFORATED FOLDED METAL PANEL NEW YORK, NY ORIGAMI PANEL The goal of the course was to create a folded perforated metal panel, so instead of making a typical folded panel, we attempted to design one that could assume any number of folded shapes by moving. The project was inspired by origami. The hinge became an important aspect of the design and eventually the distinguishing feature of the panel.

COMPONENT SYSTEMS (Spring 2010) with Ruth Mandl Joe Vidich, critic

COMPONENT SYSTEMS

FACADE AGGREGATION

MODEL OF FOLDING PANEL

PROTOTYPE 1 CUT TEMPLATE

VS

PROTOTYPE 1 WITH HOLES CUT BY MALOYA LASER

1

COMPONENT SYSTEMS

CONNECTION DETAIL

PROTOTYPE 1 DETAILS

VS

PROTOTYPE 2 CUT ON GSAPP WATERJET FOLDED

2

ARTISAN LOFTS LIGHT INDUSTRIAL BUILDING BRONX, NY CANOPY WRAPPER Our group took the approach of producing a cleanly designed building that emerges from a bold move which then determines the design of the integrated systems and building components.

The architectural intent is expressed foremost in the â&#x20AC;&#x153;wrapperâ&#x20AC;? that leans toward the south, which developed as a device to mitigate harsh eastern and western light, in addition to acting as a canopy. This skin allows for sun shading in the summer months for the upper floors, while a calibrated system of louvers provides solar protection for the remainder of the facade. As the wrapper slides off the interior volume, it also produces unique moments when the corners of the inner glass volume are revealed, such as on the top level where a greenhouse is located. This simple yet clear skewing of the building provides the impetus for the rest of the language of the building and its systems.

BUILDING SYSTEMS II (Fall 2009) with Derek Boirun, Nicole Seekely, and Evan Watts Robert Condon with Russell Davies, critics

ARTISAN LOFTS

WRAPPER CONCEPT

In addition to acting as the main architectural device, the “wrapper” performs as a structural element to resist lateral forces. The main structure of the building runs perpendicular to the length of the wrapper of the building. This allows for a clear distinction between facade and structure. The columns and beams all have a rectangular profile that runs along the north-south axis, contrary to the wrapper’s eastwest orientation.

SYSTEMS WITHIN THE BUILDING

CONCEPT

VERTICAL STRUCTURE

LATERIAL STRUCTURE

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SUN SHADING

MECH SUPPLY

MECH EXHAUST

1

ARTISAN LOFTS A

B

28' - 9"

31' - 0"

C

31' - 0"

D

31' - 0"

E

31' - 0"

F

31' - 0"

G

31' - 0"

H

I

31' - 0"

J

28' - 9"

2 A601

3

1

33' - 0"

6' - 9"

13' - 6"

A601

33' - 0"

70' - 0"

2

1

ROOF PLAN A

B

28' - 9"

31' - 0"

C

31' - 0"

D

31' - 0"

E

31' - 0"

F

31' - 0"

G

31' - 0"

H

31' - 0"

I

J

28' - 9"

3

UP

GREENHOUSE

GREENHOUSE DN

33' - 0"

DN

ELEVATOR

ELEVATOR

2

WC

WC

WC

WC

JANITOR

33' - 0"

JANITOR

MECH

MECH

ELEC

ELEC

1

LINE OF CANOPY ABOVE

7th FLOOR PLAN A

B

28' - 9"

3

31' - 0"

C

31' - 0"

D

31' - 0"

E

31' - 0"

F

31' - 0"

G

31' - 0"

H

31' - 0"

I

UP

66' - 0"

2

70' - 0"

ELEVATOR

66' - 0"

ELEVATOR

70' - 0"

35' - 0"

33' - 0"

13' - 6"

UP

J

28' - 9"

JANITOR WC 70' - 0"

WC

MECH

33' - 0"

35' - 0"

JANITOR

MECH

MECH

ELEC

ELEC

0' - 5"

1

LINE OF CANOPY ABOVE

4th FLOOR PLAN A

B

28' - 9"

3

31' - 0"

C

31' - 0"

D

31' - 0"

E

31' - 0"

31' - 0"

G

31' - 0"

H

31' - 0"

I

J

28' - 9"

UP

35' - 0"

33' - 0"

13' - 6"

UP

F

ELEVATOR

ELEVATOR

2 JANITOR WC 70' - 0"

WC

MECH

33' - 0"

35' - 0"

JANITOR

MECH

MECH

ELEC

ELEC

0' - 5"

1

LINE OF CANOPY ABOVE

1st FLOOR PLAN

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STRUCTURE AND LIGHT

The structure has been designed so that the spaces are as open as possible with typical 34â&#x20AC;&#x2122; spans. While this does increase the size of the structure, the benefits of having a much more open flexible space are desirable.

EAST ELEVATION

WEST-EAST SECTION

ECOTECT SOLAR STUDIES

SOUTH-NORTH SECTION

2

ARTISAN LOFTS A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

28' - 0"

08 ROOF 116' - 0"

14' - 0"

07 LEVEL 88' - 0"

14' - 0"

06 LEVEL 74' - 0"

14' - 0"

05 LEVEL 60' - 0"

14' - 0"

04 LEVEL 46' - 0"

14' - 0"

03 LEVEL 32' - 0"

18' - 0"

02 LEVEL 18' - 0"

01 GRADE 0' - 0"

SOUTH ELEVATION

The fins are supported by vertical rods and laterally braced back to the mullions. The rods LOUVER SECTION DETAILS are fixed at the top to the roof slab and attached at the bottom to springs that dampen vertical movement.

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SOUTH FACADE DESIGN

For the winter months, we have employed a fritting to the glass that will help to diffuse the light that directly hits the facade. This fritting also helps in the summer months to diffuse early morning or late evening sun. There are some moments along the facade where the louvers have been removed to emphasize a unique space on the interior. In these instances, fritting is increased to compensate for the additional solar gain.

SOUTHEAST CORNER GLASS TO STONE WALL PLAN DETAIL

LOUVER PLAN DETAIL

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ARTISAN LOFTS

The curtain wall is composed of a stick system with fully tempered, double glazed, 5-foot CURTAIN WALL DESIGN panels. Every moment of the glass faรงade is designed to read as if it is slipping by and behind the stone.

J

I

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

08 ROOF 116' - 0"

07 LEVEL 88' - 0"

06 LEVEL 74' - 0"

05 LEVEL 60' - 0"

04 LEVEL 46' - 0"

03 LEVEL 32' - 0"

02 LEVEL 18' - 0"

01 GRADE 0' - 0"

NORTH ELEVATION

NORTH FACADE DESIGN On the north facade, vertical fins are capped onto the mullions to block out early morning and late evening sun. This also allows for an interesting visual effect of repetition while walking down the north-side corridors.

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CLADDING

The cladding of the building was based on our desire to have a light monolithic appearance of the “wrapper.” Limestone panels allow for a similar feel to concrete, but in a more economic and structurally efficient way—they are lighter than a monolithic concrete pour and ensure better quality of craftsmenship.

PLAN DETAIL OF NORTHEAST FACACDE CORNER

SOUTH-NORTH SECTION DETAIL THRU SKYLIGHT

EAST-WEST SECTION DETAIL THRU SKYLIGHT

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ARTISAN LOFTS

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