Johor Bahru by Erna Looi

MORPHOLOGY OF JOHOR BAHRU

1855-1887

Immigration is encouraged by the Sultan.

The Chinese, who settled in shophouses around the ﬂoating market, dominated JB’s city centre. They were able to control the trade route.

MORPHOLOGY OF JOHOR BAHRU

1900-1920

Tapping inland land for commercial plantation increase the need of roads and bridges are built across Sg Segget

Old Segget Market (built on a small island off jln Segget) become a trading location for farmers and ďŹ sherman

MORPHOLOGY OF JOHOR BAHRU

1920-1940

Increase in population

Indian built their homes and temples along Jalan Trus

Causeway link and train station was built

MORPHOLOGY OF JOHOR BAHRU

1940-1980

Johor was a state driven urban growth. It was encouraged by Malayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rural-urban migration with the sponsorship of Bumiputera.

MBJB ďŹ lled and turned Sg Segget into a pedestrian and parking space. This led to the disappearance of pre existing Chinese water based market.

MORPHOLOGY OF JOHOR BAHRU

1980-2000

Urban design begin to change in proportion scale building.

A central business district was developed in the centre of the city from the mid-1990s in the area around Wong Ah Fook Street

MORPHOLOGY OF JOHOR BAHRU

2000-Now

Johor Bahru become a city with multicultural group (Malay, Chinese and Indian)

CONTENTED SOULS

MUMâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S BREW

GOLDEN HOUR

PETAL-ING STREET

BANGGA

TANAH AIRKU

UNITED AS ONE

JALAN TRUS

JALAN TAN HIOK NEE

JALAN SEGGET

JALAN TAN HIOK NEE

THE NIGHT LIGHTS

SITE LOCATION

The shade casted by buildings around the site promotes a pedestrian friendly route, bringing in the visitors to the shophouses.

As Jalan Dhoby is undergoing construction, the street is less lively in comparison to daytime.

The allowed plinth area of Site A sits on a sloped ground. Neighbouring buildings are not tall enough to create shadow castings that could provide a temporary shade for our building in the proposed site.

NODES IN THE DAY a

UTC & KotaRaya

Masjid India Johor

Backlane Hawker Stall

Kai Sing Kopitiam

Tong Guan Kopitiam

Hiap Joo Bakery

Pocket Space

Hua Mui Kopitiam

NODES IN THE NIGHT a

Sinkh Temple

UTC & KotaRaya

Back Lane Hawker Stalls

Indian Temple

Bazaar Karat

Little India

LOCAL CHARACTER BY DAY

LOCAL CHARACTER BY NIGHT

INTERACTION IN RELATION TO TIME

During the day, it is evident that people gather the most and interact together over meals. As the sun sets, people either retreat back to different spots of town or go home. The spaces in between are for potential activities that can be proposed in the city lobby.

Shophouses are active in the day, with programmes attracting visitors.

Flexibility of the street was shown in the use of temporary structure for bazaar activities appearing only in the night.

EVOLUTION OF BAZAAR KARAT

2009

Start of Bazaar Karat. Around 20 vendors were on the streets placing mats on the ďŹ ve foot walkway to display antique and handmade items for sale.

2011

Bazaar Karat expands with some vendors opting for temporary structured spaces with no lights, whereas the rest are still selling antiques on mats along the ďŹ ve foot walkway.

2013

The whole length of street adopts the pasar malam concept with temporary structures only. Pasar Karat reaches its peak when urbanization of Johor Bharu city started along Sungai Segget. Pasar Karat becomes a node that is intended to attract both tourists and locals by selling new things.

2017

An increase of vendors applied through MPJB resulting in the expansion of Pasar Karat. Other than food vendors, a variety of performances occur from time to time in the bazaar.

2019

10 years after the start of the iconic Bazaar Karat, it currently has around 600 vendors but only 329 ofďŹ cial vendors. MPJB has plans to implement food trucks and CCTVs as well as signages, info counters to attract tourists for Tahun Melawat Johor 2020.

DEMOGRAPHICS IN BAZAAR KARAT

SEKOLAH BAROKA

Problem statement : -

There’s is a school that is located on the ﬁrst ﬂoor of a retail shop along Jalan Dhoby, it gathers about 21 students in a class. By interviewing with the person in charge, the vendors at the bazaar are mostly under economical issues. The school is actually a temporal ‘night care’ centre for catered for the bazaar vendors’ kids during their working hours. To avoid their children from getting involved with gangsterism while still able to learn something with friends instead. The space is too small to gather more kids to join the class and the PIC hope that they can have a space to expand this activity not only for the vendors’ kids but for other kids that are willing to join.

BUTTERFLY EFFECT

MACRO CONTEXT

MICRO CONTEXT

EXTRACTION

Necessary activities are ďŹ ltered out to identify shoplots that support optional and social activities.

Public spaces in site- Jalan Tan Hiok Nee

PATH MATERIALITY

QUALITY OF PUBLIC REALM

PARKING DEMAND PRESSURE

Public space in site- Jalan Ungku Puan

QUALITY OF PUBLIC REALM

Evidence of user diversity in shoplots and open space are highlighted.

MERCAT ENCHANTS, BARCELONA

Els Encants in Barcelona is a centenarian marketplace, which has traditionally been set outdoors in an informal way. Its current location is not far from the marketâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s new grounds and is going to occupy the junction of Meridiana Avenue with Las Glorias Square. The project's main objective was to maintain the open nature of the current outdoor market Els Encants. The limited size of the new grounds (8,000 m2) was a great constraint, as the commercial programme was more than double that area. It is proposed a continuous multi-level platform or commercial plaza, understanding the market as a large square deck capable of instilling activity in all the different parts of the program. The main objective of the project is to maintain the open, streetlike character of the traditional market.

MERCAT ENCHANTS, BARCELONA

Mercat Encants as a new image representation of the city Avinguda Meridiana Encants Market is an extension of the surrounding streets and despite its different levels works successfully as a permeable public space. Despite not being a building and lacking faĂ§ades, its canopy creates a visual landmark that provides a strong identity, makes it recognizable and inviting in the distance. The great casing suspended as a canopy almost 25 metre high is a prominent landmark and protects shopkeepers and users from the sunlight. The casing is arranged by variable-width bands. Its underside presents different inclinations and becomes a mechanism of reďŹ&#x201A;ection of the city into the market.

MERCAT ENCHANTS, BARCELONA CONCEPT By bending the platform, the different levels of the street are reconciled, understanding the market as a large square deck, capable of instilling activity in all parts of the program. slightly inclined planes intertwining and generating an endless loop which links all the programs together.

MERCAT ENCHANTS, BARCELONA

The design proposes a continuous retail space with slightly elevated surfaces, interweaved in a loop that generates a seamless route between the stalls and small shops, somewhat evoking the experience of shopping on a pedestrian street. By bending the platform, the different levels of the perimeter streets are reconciled, furthermore blurring the access levels throughout the interior spaces of the market.

The half of the market occurs in the interstitium of the space between the roof and the parking lot. The other half is compressed within seven meters of roof width. It is an uneven space that takes visitors from the ďŹ&#x201A;oor level to the top of the structure, winding gently upwards that provides a unique user experience that draws the viewpoint of the user from ground level to a birds eye view to experience the site.

MERCAT ENCHANTS, BARCELONA

The design of the roof intends to bring in natural light while bringing in natural ventilation to ventilate the building.The ceiling height of the building contributes to the sense of scale and proportion that allows the user to experience a vast space of marketplace resembling freedom.

MERCAT ENCHANTS, BARCELONA

APW BANGSAR

APW is located at the heart of Bangsar. An old printing factory that was established in 1952 which originally located in Lebuh Ampang but moved to Bangsar in 1965. From the 60s to 80s, they were once the most proliďŹ c printers in KL. In the year of 2013, they convert the factory to become an inspiring creative space as an urban campus for community from different groups with diverse background through events, workshops and programmes. It has been successfully used by corporations, entrepreneurs, educators, artists small business and non-proďŹ t activities like workshops, artisan markets, performances, private events/functions and etc.

There are different activities that happen during the weekdays and weekends. Flea markets and yoga classes are carried out during the weekends. The intention of the APW project is to allow the users to have fun.

APW BANGSAR

DINING SPACE Food and beverage outlets play important roles to bring people into the site. APW has a variety of F&B outlets to cater for different users. The landscape around the outlets provides a comfortable environment for people who visit the place. There arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t as many cafes or restaurants in Johor Bahru but, most operate until noon and early-evening due to the bazaars that pop-up around the evening hour. The bazaars typically surpass the existing shops due to the wide range of food and items for bargain. However, our site could draw much more people if there were to be food stalls and seating areas for the people. With provided seating areas, people would linger around longer and now have another reason to stay apart from strolling through the bazaar.

APW BANGSAR

EVENT SPACE APW has different event spaces catered for different events. The arrangement of APW allows two enclosed event spaces - Bookmark and The Bindery, and an outdoor event space, Canopy. The Bindery showcases similarities as Pasar Karat as the elongated stretch of space is suitable to host ďŹ&#x201A;ea markets and busking performances. At our site, the bazaar only operates in the evening when the shophouses are closed for the day. This brings a disadvantage to offer a more stable income for vendors due to the operation hours. With a dedicated event space, the bazaar could be incorporated - day & night along with busking performances by locals or Sekolah Barokah.

APW BANGSAR

POCKET PARK APW Bangsar integrates landscape into the site to create comfortable pocket spaces for people to sit and socialise around the area. The landscape creates shade, therefore it provides comfort in this humid weather. At our site, there is a poor quality of landscaping with lesser pocket spaces for people to sit and wander around.

APW BANGSAR

COLLABORATIVE SPACE The idea of this co-working space is to combine the diverse community. In the space, people might be inspired by others or inspire other people. Interaction between humans can increase. During the weekends, they will conduct other activities such as talks, yoga classes and etc. Due to the residentials nearby, coworking spaces are useful for small businesses or people who recently started a business that lacks resources. By having a co-working space as shown above, interaction can be sparked. Younger generations have the given opportunity and space to start their own business at a low cost. So, the population of our site will increase.

BUTTERFLY EFFECT

Project Impact Analysis -

Plummeting of urban issues More spaces will be introduced to cater for more variety of activities Attract more visitors into our site Business of nearby shophouses will be activated Bonding opportunity between races can be introduced A new generation with new mindset towards diversity will be born

Diagram in the form of mind map will be uploaded later

The provision of a multi func form of a plaza to accommo flea markets, concerts, and a congregational space.

Classes and workshops wor Sekola Baroka to provide ad supplement existing space f alternative education for chil

Project Impact Analysis: We as a 'sponge' of sorts to enliv serve to provide support fac as well as to absorb the stor relocated within the site to s economic activity.

Project Impact Analysis (con site to provide educational a the numerous visitors and ch the Bangsa Johor concept.

Project Impact Analysis (con social and cultural hub and w Sekola Baroka, we wish to a and crime related activities b children during the nights.

Use point forms for your slid sentences to get the point ac

VARIETY OF ACTIVITIES

PEOPLE ATTRACT PEOPLE

NEARBY BUSINESS ACTIVATED

ACCESS POINTS

PRECEDENT STUDIES

MERCAT ENCHANTS

APW BANGSAR

EVENT SPACES

EATERY

PUBLIC SPACES