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Muscovite Mica Chemical Formula : KAl2(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2 Luster: Vitreous
Sources: Wikipedia, Glenco Vir tual Mineral Lab
Cleavage: Micaceous cleavage Colour: White, grey, silver y Streak Colour: White Hardness: 2–2.5 on Moh’s scale Special Proper ties: it is an insolator Uses: manufacture of fireproofing and insulating materials and to some extent as a lubricant.
Pyrite Chemical Formula: FeS2 Luster: Metallic, Glistening Cleavage: Fractures ver y unevenly Colour: Pale brass-yellow reflective Streak Colour: Greenish-black to brownish-black Hardness: 6-6.5 on the Moh’s scale, harder than glass Special Proper ties: Also known as “fake gold” Uses: Pyrite is used to make marcasite jewelr y
Sources: Wikipedia, Glenco Vir tual Mineral Lab
Fluorite Chemical Formula: CaF2
Sources: Wikipedia, Glenco vir tual Mineral lab
Luster: Vitreous, non-metallic Cleavage: Octahedral cleavage Colour: Colorless, white, purple, blue, green, yellow, orange, red, pink, brown, bluish black; commonly zoned; can be any color of the spectrum. Streak Colour: White Hardness: 4 on the Moh’s scale Special Proper ties: Fluorite cr ystallises in a cubic motif. Cr ystal twinning is common and adds complexity to the obser ved cr ystal habits Uses: Major source od hydrogen fluoride, a chemical used to produce a wide range of materials.
Gypsum Chemical Formula: CaSO4·2H2O Luster: Vitreous to silky, pearly, or waxy Cleavage: 1 cleavage point Colour: Colorless to white; may be yellow, tan, blue, pink, brown, reddish brown or gray due to impurities Streak Colour: White Hardness: 1.2-2 on the Moh’s scale Special Proper ties: gypsum is a common mineral, with thick and extensive evaporite beds in association with sedimentar y rocks Uses:is primarily used as a finish for walls and ceilings, and is known in construction as dr ywall, sheetrock or plasterboard.
Hematite Sources: Chemical Formula: Fe2O3, α-Fe2O3 Wikipedia, geology.com Luster: Metallic to splendent , glenco Cleavage: no cleavage points vir tual mineral lab Colour: Metallic gray, dull to bright red Streak Colour: Bright red to dark red Hardness: 5.5–6.5 on Moh’s scale Special Proper ties: Hematite is harder than pure iron, but much more brittle Uses: Hematite's popularity in jewelr y was at its highest in Europe during the Victoria era.
Graphite Chemical Formula: C Luster: Metallic, ear thy
Sources: Wikipedia, geology.com, glenco vir tual mineral lab
Cleavage: one. Flaky, other wise rough when not on cleavage Colour: Iron-black to steel-gray; deep blue in transmitted light Streak Colour: Black Hardness: 1–2 on Moh’s Scale Special Proper ties: Graphite can conduct electricity Uses: pencil lead, oil, lubricant
Feldspar Chemical Formula: KAlSi3O8 – NaAlSi3O8 – CaAl2Si2O8 Luster: Vitreous Cleavage: Two or Three cleavage points Colour: pink, white, gray, brown Streak Colour: white
Sources: Wikipedia, geology.co m, Glenco vir tual mineral lab
Hardness: 6.0-6.5 on Moh’s scale Special Proper ties: formed deep down inside the ear th from cooled magma. Uses: Feldspar is a common raw material used in glassmaking, ceramics, and to some extent as a filler and extender in paint, plastics, and rubber
Talc Chemical Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
Sources: Wikipedia, glenco vir tual mineral lab
Luster: Wax like or pearly Cleavage: fractures in an uneven pattern Colour: Light to dark green, brown, white, grey Streak Colour: White to pearl green Hardness: 1 on moh’s scale Special Proper ties: can also be used as a powder for hygiene and cosmetics. Uses: Talc is used in many industries such as paper making, plastic, paint and coatings, rubber, food, electric cable, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, ceramics
Quartz Chemical Formula: SiO2 Luster: Vitreous – waxy to dull when massive
Sources: Wikipedia, glenco vir tual mineral lab
Cleavage: Fractures Colour: Colorless through various colors to black Streak Colour: White/ colourless Hardness: harder than galss, 7 on Moh’s scale– lower in impure varieties Special Proper ties: can be found in a variety of dif ferent colours. Uses: Quar tz is an essential constituent of granite
Galena Chemical Formula: PbS Luster: Metallic
Sources: wikipedia, glenco vir tual mineral lab
Cleavage: 1 cleavage point Colour: Lead gray and silver y Streak Colour: Metallic Hardness: 2.5–2.75 on Moh’s scale Special Proper ties: Galena is a semi-conductor Uses: used to be applied around the eyes to reduce the glare of the deser t sun and to repel flies, which were a potential source of disease
Sulfur Chemical Formula: Luster: non-metallic
Sources: Wikipedia, glenco vir tual mineral lab
Cleavage: fractures Colour: yellow Streak Colour: yellow and white Hardness: less than 2.5 on moh’s scale, sof ter than a finger nail Special Proper ties: can be a solid or a powder forn Uses: sulfur is used in fer tilizers
Magnetite
Sources: Wikipedia, Chemical Formula: iron(II,III) oxide, Fe2+Fe3+2O4 glemco vir tual mineral lab, Luster: Metallic geology.com Cleavage: fractures Colour: Black, gray with brownish tint in reflected sun Streak Colour: Black Hardness: 5.5–6.5 on Moh’s scale Special Proper ties: magnetic!! Uses: Magnetite is used to make steel, magnets, paints, ink, paper, and cosmetics.
Halite Chemical Formula: NaCl Luster: Vitreous
Sources: Wikipedia, glenco vir tual mineral lab
Cleavage: 3 cleavage points Colour: If pure: colorless. It might be yellow, red, gray, or brown. Streak Colour: white Hardness: 2 – 2.5 on moh’s scale. It is sof t and can be scratched by a fingernail Special Proper ties: also known table salt. Uses: in the food industr y and as rock salt to melt snow on roads. It is used to help keep food for long amounts of time, in ceramics, soap, nuclear reactors, medicine, water sof teners, and animal food.
Calcite Chemical Formula: CaCO3 Luster: Vitreous to dull Cleavage: Per fect in 3 directions
Sources: Wikipedia, glenco vir tual mineral lab
Colour: Colorless or white When it’s not pure, it can be any color. Streak Colour: White Hardness: 3 on moh’s scale Special Proper ties: Calcite turns into the rock called limestone. Some limestone is made when sea creatures die and their skeletons and shells fall to the bottom of the ocean. They pile on top of each other, push on the lower layers, and the pressure makes limestone. Uses: Calcite/limestone is used for making glass, paper, photography, statues, building, and animal food.
Biotite Mica Chemical Formula: K2(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH,O,F2)2 Luster: Glossy, vitreous, pearly Cleavage: Per fect in one direction
Sources: Wikipedia, glenco vir tual mineral lab
Colour: Dark green, brown, or black Streak Colour: White Hardness: 2.5It is not ver y hard. Sheets of biotite are flexible and can bend. Special Proper ties: Biotite has radioactive elements in it that are used to figure out how old the mineral is. Uses: Biotite is mainly used for display in mineral collections. One place we looked said it was a good heat insulator in industr y but another source said that Biotite has no industrial uses.