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WASTEWATER TURBINING BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT :

AN OPTIMAL USE OF EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURES Vincent Denis MHyLab 1354 Montcherand Switzerland vincent.denis@mhylab.com

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Wastewater turbining before treatment • Town at high altitude • Pretreatment station at the penstock inlet instead of at the wwtp inlet. Pretreatment station

Wastewater treatment plant WWTP

Small hydropower plant 17/06/2008

•Wastewater treatment plant in the valley collecting wastewater from miscellaneous urban areas •Possibility to use the difference in level for turbining purpose 2


Wastewater turbining after treatment •Difference in level between the WWTP outlet and the restitution (lake or water stream).

WWTP

Wastewater treatment plant

•Possibility to use this difference for turbining purpose WWTP

Small hydropower plant 17/06/2008

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The As Samra WWTP project  Necessity of building a new WWTP for Amman city and neighborhoods  BOT contract between the Jordan government and Degrémont Suez group.  Search for an optimum technical solution allowing a maximum energy recovery within the WWTP.

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The Amman city and neighborhoods sewage system New (2005) DN 1500 penstock

Amman City Old DN 1200 siphon pipe

Zarqa Ghazal pumping station Ain pretreatment plant Hashimiyya to As Samra DN 500 pipe

Duleil Wadi Old lagoon WWTP

New As Samra WWTP 17/06/2008

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As Samra WWTP main characteristics  More than 100 m head between Amman and As Samra  More than 40 m head between As Samra and the nearest water stream  268'000 m3/day of raw water to be treated => Important hydro potential 17/06/2008

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Our involvement in the project  Pre feasibility and feasibility studies  Detailed design

 Tender document preparation and bid analysis  Workshop inspection (in partnership with

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 On site commissioning test (in partnership with 17/06/2008

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As Samra WWTP process

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New Wastewater treatment plant Inlet SHP

Outlet SHP Lagoon wwtp

As Samra WWTP general overview

50,000 m3/day

New wwtp 250,000 m3/day

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Inlet small hydropower plant  Gross head : 104 m  Only DN 1500 pipe can be used for power generation

Average hourly flows at Ain Ghazal 2005-2025 4.60 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2021-2025

4.40 4.20 4.00 3.80 3.60 3.40 3.20 3.00

Flow m3/s

 Maximal turbine discharge limited by the head losses of the existing penstock => Hn > 70 m

2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 Max turbined flow

2.80 2.60 2.40 2.20 2.00 1.80 1.60

 Design maximal discharge = 2.5 m3/s

1.40 1.20 1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40

 Surplus flowing through DN 1200 pipe 17/06/2008

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The inlet structure and its power plant Choice of Pelton instead of Francis turbines despite of the low head : •Easy to clean

•Limited risk of clogging •Good flexibility towards inlet discharge variations 17/06/2008

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The inlet turbines         

2 five-nozzle Pelton Z = 104 m Qn = 2 x 1.25 m3/s Hn = 79.3 m @ Qn N = 428.57 rpm Pe = 2 x 830 kW E = 12.5 GWh/year Commissioning : April 2007 Supplyer : Andritz VA Tech

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Raw water turbines design constraints  Trashes driven by the flow  Strong head variation between part and nominal load  Penstock's length (> 30 km)  Strong H2S concentration 17/06/2008

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Outlet small hydropower plant  Gross head : 42.1 m  2000 m of DN 2000 GRP pipe

As-Samra outlet small hydropower plant Average turbined flows 2007 - 2025 5.00 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00

Discharge m3/s

 No intermediate storage between the WWTP outlet and the small HPP

2.50 2.00 1.50

 The whole outlet discharge must flow through the power plant

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1.00 0.50

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 Design maximal discharge = 4.6 m3/s 17/06/2008

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The outlet hydropower plant  Choice of Francis turbines instead of reverse pumps.  No need for a storage (no cyclic operation)  Better flexibility towards inlet discharge variations  Better mechanical efficiency  Choice of two turbines to increase the flexibility

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The outlet turbines         

2 horizontal Francis turbines Z = 42.1 m Qmax = 2 x 2.3 m3/s Qn = 2 x 2.0 m3/s Hn @ Qmax = 41.6 m @ Qmax N = 1'000 rpm Pe = 2 x 807 kW E = 8.6 GWh/year Supplyer : Andritz VA Tech

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Treated water turbines design constraints ď‚&#x; Residual pollutant load ď‚&#x; Residual Cl2 load due to water chlorination

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Conclusions  The four turbines installed at As Samra will generate 21 GWh/year, 1/3 of the treatment plant yearly consumption.  Important ecological dimension as Jordan generates its electricity mainly from oil.  This production will allow to avoid the emission of more than 17'000 tons CO2 per year. 17/06/2008

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For more information Please contact us at : info@mhylab.com www.mhylab.com

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