Multipurpose plants
Aline Choulot, MHyLab, CH Brussels 12.02.09
Multipurpose schemes Electricity production = 2nd objective Main multipurpose schemes = water networks The 1rst objective: • to supply drinking water • to collect and treat wastewater • to irrigate • Existing infrastructures (pipes, water chamber, head water basin…) Excess pressure of adduction water networks can be used to generate energy Bases: MHyLab's references, as 31 (among 53) of the MHyLab designed turbines are set on water networks (+ numerous feasibility studies)
Drinking water turbining • To replace pressure-breakers • Without any impacts on water quality: Turbine schemes similar to pumping ones • With a by-pass to respect the first objective of the scheme Precautions: • Stainless steel • No contact between water / grease Savièse turbine on drinking water (CH) 1 Pelton, vertical axis, 3 nozzles First starting up: 2004 Gross head: 217 m Max. discharge: 300 l/s Max. electrical output: 465 kW
Annual production: Technical design: Turbine supplier: Operator:
1.8 GWh/year MHyLab GASA SA (CH) Savièse commune
Savièse: 3 turbines on its drinking water network and projects of 2 other ones
Photo sources: MHyLab, Savièse, Gasa SA
Pumping station
Turbining station
Inlet valve
yes
yes
Discharge regulation device
no
yes
Runner linked to a rotating shaft
yes
yes
Shaft joints Casing and runner in contact with water Roller bearings greased for life
yes yes
yes yes
yes
yes
yes (engine)
yes (generator)
yes
yes
Medium voltage / high voltage transformer
Yes, if electrical power is higher than a few tens of kW
Yes, if electrical power is higher than a few tens of kW
Usual building materials of the hydraulic machine
Cast, black steel, stainless steel, bronze
Cast, black steel, stainless steel, bronze
no
yes
Disassembly necessary
Disassembly necessary
Electrical machine Electrical boxes
Automatic by pass Water access
Low-head drinking water turbine Current project in Italy Axial turbine (regulating device) Horizontal axis Head = 12.5 m Q = 380 l/s Variable speed Pm = 38 kW Production = 350'000 kWh/year (electricity consumption of 70 households) Designer: MHyLab Manufacturer: Desgranges Sarl (France) Operator: Nuove Acque (Italy) Similar project in Lausanne (CH)
Photo sources: MHyLab, Nuove Acque
Turbine as a by-pass of the current pressure breaker valve valve
Runner
6 blade axial turbine runner Photo sources: MHyLab
Turbines on wastewater networks
Screening & decanting station
WWTP Wastewater treatment plant
Wastewater turbining before the treatment station Wastewater treatment plant
Wastewater turbining after the treatment station Turbining station
WWTP
Turbining station Water stream
Ch창ble - Profay power plant On Verbier wastewater (CH)
Photo sources: MHyLab, SIB
Châble Profay SHP (CH) on wastewater Rehabilitation - 2008 • 1 Pelton, vertical axis • 2 nozzles • Difference in levels: 450 m • Max. discharge: 100 l/s • Electrical output: 350 kW • Production: 825'000 kWh/year (electricity consumption of 165 households) • Investment: 365'000 € • Design: MHyLab (CH) • Turbine supplier: Gasa SA (CH) • Operator: SIB Services Industriels de Bagnes (wastewater treatment service)
Photo sources: MHyLab, Gasa SA, SIB
Châble Profay SHP on wastewater Rehabilitation - 2008 Penstock and turbine designs specific to raw wastewater • penstock internal diameter • materials • by-pass Turbine design: • suppression of all potential zones where wastes could accumulate • easy dismantling for cleaning •… For Pelton: • no needle bearing cross bars • no deflectors (security device) •… Photo sources: MHyLab, Gasa SA, SIB
SHPs before and after the WWTP: Amman city, As Samra WWTP (Jordan) Project: Suez Group & Ondéon Degrémont (Fr) Engineering: MHyLab Turbine supplier: Andritz VATECH
Row-water SHP: 2 Pelton, vertical axis, 5 nozzles First starting up: 2006 Difference in levels : 104 m Installation discharge: 2.5 m3/s Electrical output: 830 kW per turbine Annual production: 12.5 GWh/year
Treated-water SHP: 2 Francis, vertical axis First starting up: 2006 Difference in levels: 42 m Installation discharge: 4.6 m3/s Electrical output: 807 kW per turbine Annual production: 8.6 GWh/year
Photo sources: MHyLab
Armary power plant - Aubonne • Armary: •Small water stream flowing between Montherod and Allaman •Historically canalized to water the lands of Allaman castle •Pumped by the farmers to irrigate their fields •Since 2006: stream under load: •To irrigate the fields (145 hectares): •= water available for the farmers at the pressure directly suitable to their jets ( 10 bar) (no pumps are needed: reduction of the electricity consumption) •To generate electricity (turbine regulated from the upstream water level in the loading basin: the turbine should never stop)
Armary power plant - Aubonne
• Start up: 2006 •Pelton, 2 nozzles •Difference in altitude: 105 m •Nominal discharge: 90 l/s •Electrical output: 68 kW •Electrical production: 454'000 kWh/year (the consumption of 100 households) •Hydraulic design: MHyLab •Manufacturer: Gasa SA (Lausanne) •Operator: le Groupe Arrosage (Aubonne) •Investment: 650'000 CHF •Cost price: 10 cts CHF/kWh
La Douve II (Swiss Alps) on treated wastewater 1 Pelton, vertical axis 2 nozzles Starting up: 2001 Net head: 79 m Max. discharge: 108l/s Max. electrical output: 75kW Production: 400 MWh/year Technical design: MHyLab Turbine supplier: Gasa Sa (CH) Erection: 4 months at workshop and 23 minutes on site 16/02/2009
14
Turbines on drinking water networks Potentials in Switzerland Small hydropower plants (SHP) in operation : around 90 turbines (24 MHyLab designed turbines) in 1901 was set a turbine on drinking water in the Lake of Geneva area– 1'600 kW, 6'600'000 kWh/year -1320 households• Remaining potential in Switzerland • 380 SHPs • 175'000'000 kWh/year (or the electricity consumption of 35'000 households) Sources: Suisse Energie
Savièse turbine on drinking water Photo sources: MHyLab, Savièse, Gasa Sa
Turbines on wastewater networks Potentials in Switzerland Small hydropower plants in operation: • On raw wastewater: 1 (MHyLab) • On treated wastewater: 8 (1 MHyLab) Remaining potential: • On raw wastewater: around 80 SHP or 30'000'000 kWh/year (electricity consumption of 6000 households) • On treated wastewater: around 40 SHP or 15'000'000 kWh/year (electricity consumption 3000 households)
Sources: Suisse Energie Le Châble-Profay runner on wastewater Photo sources: MHyLab, Gasa Sa, SIB
Success keys
• feasibility study: • for the definition of the site characteristics: • discharges – flow duration curve • head • head losses • for the definition of the turbine nominal discharge and head
• turbine developed in laboratory supplied with proven efficiency guarantees • specific design for raw wastewater • integration of a by-pass to respect the first objective of the multipurpose scheme
Conclusions • Other kinds of multipurpose schemes • irrigation networks ( ex. in Switzerland, in Italy) • biomass plant (cooling system, ex. in Spain) • desalting systems • An interesting remaining potential worldwide • Optimal use of resources • Long life equipment • Positive impacts on environment • Financial opportunity for communes and networks companies • Efficient available techniques, still improved so as notably to reduce cost (investments and operation ones) • SHAPES will publish a brochure in 2010 on multipurpose schemes with potentials, technical analysis & cases presentations from all around Europe (www.esha.be)
To know more
CH- 1354 Montcherand Switzerland Tel.: +41 24 442 87 87 Fax: +41 24 441 36 54 info@mhylab.com www.mhylab.com