Fish ladders seen from the operators point of view – examples and experiences Baurat h.c. Dipl.-Ing. Hubert A. Steiner VERBUND-Austrian Hydro Power AG, Außenstelle Villach
Thematic Network on Small Hydropower (TNSHP) Workshop “Fish ladders and SHP” Vienna, 5th October 2004
Contents
l VERBUND Hydro Electric Plants l Fishways at run-of-river power plants l Examples and experiences l Summary
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VERBUND l founded 1947 l provides more than 50 % of the Austrian power requirements l 90 % comes from hydro power
Hydro power plants
Quantity
Run-of-river plants Storage power plants Total
84 22 106
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Bottleneck capacity (MW) 4.186 2.736 6.922
Standard capacity (GWh) 22.864 4.619 27.483
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VERBUND Hydro Electric Plants
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Fish ways at run-of-river power plants l 46 fish passes at run-of-river power plants l in lowland reaches (Danube) and upland rivers (Drau, Salzach, ‌) l since the first plants fish ways were part of plant design l period of more than 50 years l the early attempts were not always successful l since the 1980s an increasing number have been installed to more nature-like pool passes and bypass channels l monitoring programs for + new fish ladders and + reactivation projects 04 10 05 Fish ladders seen from the operatiors point of view_STH
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Fish ladders and side-channels at run-of-river power plants
River
Donau Drau Enns Inn Mur Salzach
Nr
Type bypass channel
rehabilitation of side channels
technical
16 11 3 4 5 7
1 -3 4 5 7
15 11 -----
7 -3 2 2 --
46
20
26
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Design nature-like pool pass
combination pool+brooks
3 8 -2 4 4
6 3 ---3
Elavation (m)
Discharge (m³/s) normal flood
1,0 – 8,0 1,5 – 4,6 8,0 – 15,0 8,7 – 11,1 3,0 – 11,5 9,0 – 15,0
0,1 – 3,6 0,1 – 3,5 0,15 0,1 0,1 – 0,6 0,1 – 1,5
0,3– 300 0,2 – 90 -0,5 0,3 – 0,7 0,1 – 7,0
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Donaukraftwerk Freudenau
Donaukraftwerk Freudenau, bypass channel, site plan 04 10 05 Fish ladders seen from the operatiors point of view_STH
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Donaukraftwerk Freudenau, bypass channel l first bypass channel (nature-like) at River Danube l into operation since April 1998 l monitoring program 1999/2000 l length 1.000 m l elevation 8,7 m l discharge
normal 1,8 – 3,6 m³/s flood
7,0 m³/s
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Donaukraftwerk Freudenau, bypass channel - results l migration of 41 species (72 % of potential) l bleak, white bream, European roach, vimba and zobel traverse the system in great numbers l during the spawing season the indicator species nose and barbel migrate into the system in massive numbers l nose and barbell use the area for reproduction and as a habitat for juveniles l downstream migration is negligible l over the course of the year 42 fish species colonize the system l the habitat fulfils the function of a smaller Danube tributary of the grayling zone l Freudenau bypass can be classified as broadly functional 04 10 05 Fish ladders seen from the operatiors point of view_STH
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Donaukraftwerk Freudenau, bypass channel
mouth into Danube
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part of pool pass
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Fishway Vellach, River Drau
pool pass – detail
general view 04 10 05 Fish ladders seen from the operatiors point of view_STH
construction 1994 elevation 2,7 m discharge 0,3 – 0,5 m³/s flood till 15 m³/s 11
Fishway Vellach, River Drau - results
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Fishway Kellerberg, River Drau
site plan view from downstream 04 10 05 Fish ladders seen from the operatiors point of view_STH
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Fishway Kellerberg, River Drau - results
Pool 4 to 3, velocity distribution before, at and after the sill for Q = 440 l/s 04 10 05 Fish ladders seen from the operatiors point of view_STH
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Fishway Kreuzbergmaut, River Salzach Bypass channel Length 1.500 m Elevation 10,2 m Dischargenormal Flood
0,75 – 1,5 m³/s until 7,0 m³/s
October 1996 Q = 750 l/s September 2000, Q = 2.000 l/s 04 10 05 Fish ladders seen from the operatiors point of view_STH
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Fishway Kreuzbergmaut, River Salzach - results
Frequency of fishway
autumn 1996
autumn 2000 04 10 05 Fish ladders seen from the operatiors point of view_STH
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Fishway Kreuzbergmaut, River Salzach - results l between 1996 and 2001 15 species were identified l all of them typical species of the Salzach River l since 2000 legible ascent of species l reproduction of trout since 1996 of grayling since 2001 l fishway fulfils its function as an
ascent route breeding ground habitat for young fish
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Bypass channel Staning, River Enns reactivation project 1998 – 2000 technical design elevation 14,2 m discharge 150 l/s first operation 1946 inactive 1952 – 1998 structural modifications 1998 – 2000
migration of fish species 1950 and 2000 04 10 05 Fish ladders seen from the operatiors point of view_STH
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Project fishway Leoben, River Mur
fishway: length 390 m elevation 8,0 m discharge 100 – 500 l/s construction 2003 – 2005 04 10 05 Fish ladders seen from the operatiors point of view_STH
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Summary l l l l l l l
VERBUND operates 46 fish passes different age (period of more than 50 years) 67 % are nature-like designed different elevation, different discharge since the 1980s pool passes or combination pool passes and brooks we started early with monitoring programs they fulfil her function as + ascent route + breeding ground + habitat for young fish l standard in new projects
Results are important in discussion for “realization European Framework Directive� 04 10 05 Fish ladders seen from the operatiors point of view_STH
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thank you
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