Electronica Azi International no. 1 - 2018

1/2018

A PAN EUROPEAN MAGAZINE

www.international.electronica-azi.ro

NEWS eCOUNT embedded presents new highperformance 4K UHD flatpanel controllers

CONTEST

Win a PICDEM LCD 2 Demonstration Board from Microchip!

eCOUNT embedded connects monitors, displays and control panels to the cloud The CRTtoLCD-91 from eCOUNT embedded is a new flatpanel controller for the development of customer-specific monitors, displays and control panels that supports flat screens with up to 4K UHD resolution. As the first industry solution of this kind, it also offers cloud connectivity plus an integrated RFID reader. Thanks to these innovative three features, the new solution platform of the well-established CRTtoLCD product family provides a completely fresh user experience with brilliant, high-resolution 4K UHD graphics, RFID support for screen unlock authentication, and easy management via cloud apps.

This IIoT connectivity for monitors, displays and control panels offers users greater convenience, efficiency and reliability, enabling them for instance to configure distributed installations remotely, monitor the operating status constantly and manage access control centrally.

ThE fEaTurE SET iN dETail The new 4K UHD CRTtoLCD-91 flatpanel controller from eCOUNT embedded is based on the Himax HX6310-A scaler chip and supports flatpanel displays with 4K-UHD up to 3840×2160@60Hz. Thanks to content-dependent backlight control and new scaling algorithms, displays – even of non-native 4K content – are exceptionally brilliant and sharp.

An optional industry-first HF RFID reader with NFC support and WiFi cloud connection can be plugged onto the controller board. Later this year, a UHF RFID reader with a range of up to 10 meters will be added as an ideal option for logistics applications. The RFID reader enables user authorization management or the identification of RFID tagged goods of all kinds. The WiFi cloud connection, which is designed as a powerful, ready-to-use, end-to-end solution, can be customized and/or expanded as needed. With a comprehensive range of onscreen display functions, as well as extended configuration and scripting options for OEM-specific designs, the intelligent LCD controller board also provides all features OEMs need to develop custom monitors, displays and control panels.

For the connection of flatpanel displays, there are 8 VbyOne lanes @ 3.75 Gbps/lane, or 4 eDP 1.2a lanes @ 5.4 Gbps/lane. RGB color formats up to 30-bit depth and CYbCr (420/422/444) are supported. Graphics and HDCP 1.4/2.2 protected content is handled via DisplayPort 1.4 or DVI/HDMI 2.0. Additional interfaces include Dolby 7.1 audio and analog stereo sound, dual USB for touch functionality as well as keyboard/mouse and 1x USB for client connection to embedded computer systems. eCOuNT embedded | www.ecount-embedded.com www.international.electronica-azi.ro

Electronica Azi International is offering you the chance to win a PICDEM LCD 2 Demonstration Board.

The PICDEM LCD 2 Demonstration Board (DM163030) shows the main features of Microchip’s 28, 40, 64 and 80-pin LCD Flash PIC microcontrollers including the LCD voltage booster and contrast controller. It is populated with the PIC18F87J90.

A sample LCD glass display is included for custom prototyping. The glass features 7-segment displays, wipers, thermometers, star bursts, and other common icons.

Some of the applications included are: a voltmeter, which measures the voltage of the on board potentiometer and displays a voltage between 0.00V and 3.30V on the LCD, a thermometer that measures the voltage of the thermistor and continuously displays the temperature in both Celsius and Fahrenheit. The Timer/Clock function showing hours:minutes:seconds with a moving second hand, using on board 32 kHz watch crystal. Also, when using the PIC18F87J90 family of devices the LCD module can be configured as a charge pump and software contrast control is activated.

For the chance to win a PICDEM LCD 2 Demonstration Board, please visit :

www.microchip-comps.com/eaziin-lcd2 and enter your details in the online entry form.

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TaBlE Of CONTENTS

3 | CONTEST: Win a PiCdEM lCd 2 demonstration

18 | iP security for the ioT − Programming 26 | how integrated thermal protection technology can

Board from Microchip!

6 | Quectel’s Smart Module leads POS industry

prevent Solid State relay failure in industrial systems

revolution and helps Traditional Storekeepers Move ahead towards the “New retail” Era

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28 | Connectors boost the efficiency of wind power plants

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30 | Test & Measurement from rS Components 8 | Power supplies for railway applications Where are we now?

12 | Operational benefits

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36 | Position and motion sensors 15

37 | it’s now easier than ever to read codes!

37 | reliable detection of transparent objects

15 | COdiCO: SilVErTEl is expanding PoE!

38 | MSi 400 – Now with function blocks to control presses

16 | Shunts - Current measurements using a resistor

38 | a good color mark sensor

® Management Managing Director - ionela Ganea Editorial Director - Gabriel Neagu Accounting - ioana Paraschiv Advertisement - irina Ganea Web design - Eugen Vărzaru

“Electronica Azi” is a registered trademark at OSIM - Romania, Registered position: 124259

Contributing editors Cornel Pazara Marian Blejan PhD. Paul Svasta PhD. Norocel Codreanu PhD. Bogdan Grămescu

ISSN: 1582-3490 Printed by

EurO STaNdard PrESS 2000 srl VAT: RO3998003 | Tel.: +40 (0) 31 8059955 | Tel.: +40 (0) 722 707254 office@electronica-azi.ro | www.international.electronica-azi.ro

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Electronica Azi International is published 6 times per year in 2018 by Euro Standard Press 2000 s.r.l.

It is a free to qualified electronics engineers and managers involved in engineering decisions.

Copyright 2018 by Euro Standard Press 2000 s.r.l.

All rights reserved.

Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

Comet Electronics Romania: Quectel’s Smart Module Leads POS Industry Revolution and Helps Traditional Storekeepers Move ahead towards the “New Retail” Era

Alibaba Group's co-founder and chief executive in e-commerce, Jack Ma, noted: “The era of e-commerce will gradually disappear over the next 10-20 years. Instead, online, offline and logistics will merge and will create a “New Retail” brand. Offline businesses need to enter the online environment, online businesses need to come closer to the offline environment, and integrate with modern logistics using relevant market data“ said Jack Ma at the 7th Alibaba Computing Conference in Hangzhou, east China's Zhejiang province.

How to integrate traditional offline businesses into the online market? To do this, retailers need to analyze customer behavior and shopping preferences, which could be very difficult for physical stores because of the difficulty in collecting data.

However, smart POS machines, which have gained increasing popularity in the past year, will help traditional traders move forward to the “new retail”.

Quectel Smart modules can make Smart POS devices capable of easily acquiring and analyzing data, supporting mobile payment, verifying membership and managing customers based on CRM system.

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The Quectel SC20, built on the Qualcomm MSM8909 LTE modem, has built-in Android OS; therefore, manufacturers of Smart POS devices do not need an external processor, which makes the device smaller in size.

Thanks to the new Smart Quetcel, Smart POS can accept almost all major payment forms such as Near Field Communication (NFC), QR code payment (Alipay, Wechat Pay, Baidu Wallet) and fingerprint reader biometric payment technology.

CAT-4 smart module, which can be used ideally in smart POS devices.

Currently, such Android-based smart machines can record detailed consumer behaviors and perform scientific analyzes of data. Physical stores can achieve marketing promotion based on the results of the analysis to optimize their sales strategy.

To meet growing demand across multiple payment and online marketing options, Quectel has developed the SC20 LET Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

Wireless NEWS

In addition, the SC20 supports a rich set of interfaces such as LCM, Camera, Touch Panel, MIC, SPK, UART and USB, has high compatibility with both software and hardware, and can shorten deployment time to market and reduce costs for POS manufacturers. Smart Module The SC20 from Quectel has been widely used by POS manufacturers and has led the revolution in the POS industry.

Regardless of how many additional features the POS equipment has, security of payments will always be its peak mission.

Smart intelligent devices have adopted many advanced technologies to maximize the security of capital and personal data of customers, including LBS-based position monitoring, kernel module signature, application authorization checking, multidisciplinary mechanism, and self-destruction mechanism.

SMarT MOdulE SC20 The SC20 series is the new generation of LTE Cat.4 smart modules from Quectel with built-in Android operating system.

The SC20 series offers 150 Mbit / s downlink and 50 Mbit/s upload speeds. It's ideal for both industry and consumer applications that require the highest data rate and high-speed internet access. The SC20 Series is compatible with existing EDGE and GSM/GPRS networks, ensuring it can be

www.international.electronica-azi.ro

connected even in remote areas without 3G or LTE coverage. It also supports shortrange wireless communications with IEEE 802.11 b/g/n and Bluetooth BT4.1 LE. The SC20 has multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology, a state-of-the-art antenna technology capable of transmitting multiple data streams across multiple transmitters to multiple receivers. The antennas at each end of the communications circuit are combined to minimize errors and optimize data speeds. The module also combines high-speed wireless connectivity with a built-in multi-constellation receiver and high sensitivity + GLONASS + BeiDou receiver for positioning.

the communications circuit are combined to minimize errors and optimize data speeds.

The common applications that the SC60

A rich set of interfaces (such as LCM, Camera, Touch Panel, MIC, SPK, UART, USB, I2C) and the multitude of drivers (USB drivers for Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7/8/ 8.1, Linux) leads to the applicability of the

uses are: intelligent cash register, security monitoring, onboard equipment, highlevel intelligence, intelligent robot, intelligent housing, intelligent hardware, intelligent industrial devices, intelligent industrial PADs, drone, smart intercom, mobile devices, automatic machines, etc.

module to a wide range of M2M applications such as CPE, wireless POS, smart metering, router, data card, automotive, smartphone, digital signal, alarm panel, security and PDA industry.

The interfaces available for these applications are: LCM, Camera, Touch Panel, MIC, SPK, UART, USB, I2C, SPI. The SC60 supports 4 cameras, with two simultaneous cameras, two LCD touchscreen displays.

SMarT MOdulE SC60 The SC60 is the new generation of Smart LTE Cat 6 multi-module module produced

by Quectel with Android 7.1 built-in operating system. The data transfer rate is up to 300Mbps download and 50Mbit/s upload.

Based on Qualcomm Octa-core and 64-bit high performance Snapdragon™ 625 series, the SC60 is designed to support peak performance by supporting multimedia features and Quick Charge 3.0 technology. It is ideal for both industrial and consumer applications requiring high data rates and multimedia features.

The SC60 supports multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) technology, a state-of-theart technology that transmits multiple data streams across multiple transmitters to multiple receivers. The antennas at each end of

all Quectel modules are available in romania with fast delivery from stock through Comet Electronics. also, Comet Electronics’s engineers and Quectel technical support engineers can provide you with the support needed to develop any type of applications.

For more information, please contact: Eng. Ciprian Varga, Technical Director, Comet Electronics Tel.: +4 (0) 212 432 090 Fax: +4 (0) 212 434 090 office@comet.srl.ro www.comet.srl.ro 7

POWEr dESiGN

POWER SUPPLIES FOR RAILWAY APPLICATIONS where are we now?

for power supplies in the railway market in general, and for power conversion specialists such as Powerbox in particular?

Since the formation of Powerbox in 1974, the railway sector has been an important area for the development of specific power supplies to meet the requirements of this market. The sector consists of three main categories: new equipment, modernization, and the maintenance and upgrading of equipment that entered service 10 years ago or more. Each of these categories represents particular demands on the part of the developer and requires skills specific to each case.

Although the railway sector is very conservative and priority is given to reliability and robustness, the new generation of “digital technology trained” engineers involved in the development of new rail systems are increasingly integrating digital control and encouraging the implementation of energy-efficient topologies such as the Gallium Nitride transistors.

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Figure 1 The range of railway applications is very wide and consists of a large number of applications requiring simple proximity control point-of-load (POL) to converters or inverters of several hundred kilowatts powering the motors of traction engines and other traction vehicles

(source: Powerbox)

Author: Patrick le fèvre, Chief Marketing and Communications Officer Powerbox

Powerbox’s Patrick le fèvre provides valuable insights to some perplexing and interesting questions regarding power supplies for railway applications, in each case addressing the question, “Where are we now?”

Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

POWEr aPPliCaTiONS

the risk of fire during a technical incident and all toxic fumes resulting from combustion of the product. For power supply manufacturers, this means selecting components that meet this standard and carrying out additional tests to ensure full compliance with the various chapters of EN45545.

Apart from the large number of standards, one of the specificities of the railway sector is the fact that many applications have very specific requirements in terms of housings and connectors, often resulting in products

What are the specificities related to the railway sector for a power supply manufacturer?

The range of railway applications is very wide and consists of a large number of applications requiring simple proximity control point-of-load (POl) to converters or inverters of several hundred kilowatts powering the motors of traction engines and other traction vehicles (Figure 1). In term of overall railway market, if we exclude the service part of the segment, rolling stock represents the majority of applications, followed by infrastructure and finally, track side and signaling.

Each of these sub-segments has its own requirements that are specific to its environment. For example, converters for vehicle (e.g. locomotive) startup control, so called Low Battery Voltage Starter (lBVS) are connected to high voltage catenaries to deliver a www.international.electronica-azi.ro

Figure 2 Low Battery Voltage Starter are connected to high voltage catenaries to deliver a low battery voltage, requiring very high insulation and high-level safety constraints

(source: Powerbox)

In the railway sector this approach is quite new, requiring more extensive qualification work during product development, bringing new constraints for engineers responsible for guaranteeing durable solutions for the next twenty years. This is a very interesting aspect for design engineers and a great opportunity to cooperate directly with the design offices of major clients. It is within this framework that we have developed new technological platforms, some of which integrate communication interfaces.

(source: Powerbox)

(source: Powerbox / Shutterstock)

low battery voltage, requiring very high insulation and high-level safety constraints (Figure 2). In addition, all on-board equipment must comply with general standards such as EN50155, which covers electronic equipment used in rolling stock (a standard that incorporates many other standards such as EN 50121-3-2 for electromagnetic compatibility). The railway field is highly standardized and each development begins with an analysis of the application case and related standards.

Figure 3 Standardized DC/DC modules are reducing time-to-market and simplifying inventory management and maintenance In addition to the traditional standards governing operating quality, operational parameters and safety, after more than 20 years of evaluation and its publication in 2013, this year the EN45545 standard (resistance and fire behavior) has become mandatory for all rolling stock. This standard aims to eliminate

that are dedicated to a particular customer.

While the trend is towards the standardization of card modules such as DC/DC converters (Figure 3), for more complex products such as locomotive starter converters or decentralized battery chargers, the ondemand product remains the norm.

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POWEr dESiGN

What are the requirements in terms of service life and reliability?

The majority of customers in the railway sector require 30 years or more availability for some critical equipment. This means that during development this service life must be taken into account, as well as the possibility of the replacement of certain components such as electrolytic capacitors affected by agging during life time, must be considered during the design. Knowing that railway power supplies can be exposed to severe environmental effects such as temperature variations or shock and vibration during the life of the product, equipment manufacturers include “components refreshment and re-calibration” in their specifications. It is common to see

obsolescence but also to design the product for possible upgrade during its useful life. This adds a level of complexity but also limits the introduction of new technologies.

As mentioned above, engineers in charge of the development of tomorrow's railway systems want to integrate new technologies, but the limited knowledge of their lifecycle and sustainability raises questions about the level of risk associated with their introduction. This is a topical issue that is being debated within the railway community which on the one hand wants to modernize its power supply systems to make them more energy-efficient and with better communications, and on the other hand to guarantee a risk-free sustainability.

Given the numerous safety standards and approvals in force, designing a power supply solution dedicated to rolling stock and trackside infrastructure must result in very long development cycles?

Basically, the technologies used to develop railway power supplies are very similar to those used in other segments, and with years of experience, developers of the former have built up expertise enabling them to reduce development times.

customers’ complex projects can easily reach 24 or even more months without approval.

This means working closely with OEMs who, aware of these delays and facing increasing competition from Asia, are pushing for the development of blocks of functions that can be reused on multiple projects.

Because of the large and increasing demand for modernization of rail systems, design lead times have to be short, which means a different approach. In the case of rolling stock, this is rather complicated involving a lot of specific aspects such as certifications. In the case of traffic control and signaling systems, the constraints are less stringent and it is possible to use power supplies such as those for DIN rail mounting that already exist. An energy subsystem such as Powerbox’s Battery Backup Unit (BBU) can be customized in less than three months to meet specific demands, including the addition of radio transmission telemetry systems (Figure 4). (source: Powerbox/iStock)

This requires a development capacity geared towards these products and a high degree of flexibility in production. In fact, despite a growing market (+6% per year), the volumes of power supplies used in the railway sector remain modest compared to the millions of units consumed in the telecommunications sector, requiring manufacturers such as Powerbox to adapt their production tools to specific demands.

(source: Powerbox)

Figure 4

Powerbox’s Track side Battery Backup Unit (BBU) can be customized in less than three months to meet specific demands, including the addition of radio transmission telemetry systems products delivered more than 15 years ago return to the workshop for review and updating. This practice is very specific to the railway sector and has a strong influence on the way feeds are designed.

Indeed, a 30-year lifespan obliges developers to select components with a low risk of 10

However, new standards and the introduction of new technologies increase development time. Considering the wide range of power supplies used in railways, if we exclude so-called “standard” products such as modules for boards having a development cycle of about 14 months, more of Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

POWEr aPPliCaTiONS

This is the type of modularity that OEMs are beginning to implement in rolling stock, but it will take time.

What is the impact of rail network modernization on supply solutions?

What are the general trends?

The impact of modernizing railway networks on power supplies has many aspects because it is not conceivable to stop the operation of lines, nor to replace all existing infrastructure. For rolling stock, this often involves the addition of complementary technologies such as Wi-Fi for passenger comfort or on-board telemetry to increase safety. In this case, the power supplies are of a rather standard type and are often part of the installed system without any major change to rolling stock.

In the case of major modernization of a complete train (what is usually referred as “refurbishment”) consisting of the revamping of one that has already endured a long-

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life span, equipment manufacturers ask power supplies manufacturers to develop Fit, Form and Function (3F) alternatives.

That is, revised, updated power supplies but where the units’ fit, form and function remain the same, thus reducing implementation delays and guaranteeing the durability of the host equipment for many years. The development of a 3F power supply is very close to a specific development, but by combining the expertise of engineers, the platforms available from manufacturers specialized in the field of railroads, and the reuse of the original case or chassis make it possible to reduce development times spectacularly.

Most of the modernization of European rail networks is carried out at tracks and signaling systems level. Accordingly, equipment cabinets very often remain in place and installers ask for 3F solutions from the power supply manufacturers that can be installed in place of the old systems; a relatively simple

process of “old equipment out, new equipment in”. In the case of very old systems, the technique used is to install an industrial chassis in the cabinet to facilitate the installation of standardized racks, which subsequently reduces the time required for updating, such as adding additional radiotelemetry systems or connecting the cabinet to fiber optic systems.

The general trend in railway power supplies is to reduce development times by adopting standardized or semi-standardized subassemblies. This is the will of the equipment manufacturers and increasingly the adopted solution for systems close to the tracks or embedded applications using card converters or cassettes. However, there will always remain very specific power supplies requiring on-demand solutions that will continue to call upon very specific skills.

Powerbox www.prbx.com

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EMBEddEd SYSTEMS

OPERATIONAL BENEFITS Mary Tamar Tan from Microchip Technology explains how using op amp modules with other peripherals in 8-bit microcontrollers can reduce production costs and produce more efficient circuits.

One of the fundamental building blocks of analog circuits, the operational amplifier, or op amp, performs two basic functions – mathematical operations and amplification of differential input signals. This versatile and widely used analog circuit can be found in a vast collection of analog and digital applications for signal conditioning and signal processing.

Some microcontrollers, such as Microchip’s 8-bit PIC microcontroller devices, have an op amp module that provides the basic op amp functionalities. When integrated with other on-chip intelligent analog peripherals such as the ADC, comparator, DAC, fixed voltage reference, zero cross detect, slope compensator and programmable ramp generator, many analog applications are made possible.

Furthermore, such microcontrollers provide the ease of integrating analog and digital peripherals for lots of more complex applications.

gain bandwidth product, unity gain control, programmable positive and negative source selections and override controls for forced tri-state output and forced unity gain.

Figure 1 shows the op amp module block diagram, which is divided into five sections. Not all sections and features are supported by all microcontrollers.

An op amp is a very high-gain electronic amplifier with a differential input and a single-ended output. It has two inputs, namely the noninverting (positive) and inverting (negative) inputs. Sources for both the positive and negative inputs may vary per device; they may be taken from external sources through the device pins or from internal analog sources such as other peripherals on the microcontroller.

OP aMP MOdulE The op amp module can be implemented in single supply op amp circuits with increased flexibility and reliability. Features in 8-bit PIC modules include external connections to IO ports, low-leakage inputs, rail-to-rail IO, factory calibrated input offset voltage, 3MHz

Figure 2: Sample output waveforms

Figure 1: Op amp module block diagram 12

Since the op amp is designed to operate with feedback, external feedback components must be connected to the module pins depending on the application. These external components predominantly dictate the behaviour of the module output. The output can be taken from the device pins and can be fed directly to other on-chip analog peripherals.

The module can also be operated in unity gain mode by setting the relevant bit of the register. This allows the inverting input to be internally connected to the output, which also releases a pin for general-purpose input and output.

Several microcontrollers have an output override in which the op amp output is forced to tri-state or to behave in unity gain mode.

Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

MCus

These modes can be selected through bits on the register.

The module has rail-to-rail operation to increase the dynamic range of the op amp. The linear region is between VSS and VDD. Because PIC microcontrollers are designed for single supply operation, VSS is usually tied to ground allowing a maximum voltage swing of approximately between 0 and VDD. The module exhibits linear behaviour between VDD and 0. The designer must ensure that the input signal does not go above VDD or below VSS, otherwise the microcontroller might display unexpected behaviour.

Just like a typical op amp, the module can be configured for a wide variety of applications by manipulating the connections of the external control elements such as resistors, capacitors and diodes.

Since the module is designed for linear operations, the user must always note the electrical specifications and limitations to optimise performance. uNiTY GaiN MOdE Some applications only require isolation between subsequent circuit stages due to load impedance variations. This can be achieved by implementing an isolation circuit that does not draw any current from the first circuit but delivers the desired current to the next circuit. This isolation circuit can also be used for power amplification. The same voltage is driven from a lower impedance source but a higher power output can be achieved in the output.

An op amp exhibits a very high input impedance and a very low output impedance, which makes it practical for such applications.

The op amp can also be configured so it does not amplify or attenuate the input signal. This type of op amp circuit is known as the unity gain buffer or voltage follower. The unity gain buffer is simply a non-inverting amplifier with the output directly connected to the inverting input.

In PIC microcontrollers, the module can be configured in unity gain mode without additional external components by setting the correct bit in the register. When unity gain is selected, the output is tied internally to the inverting input, which also releases the inverting input pin as a general purpose IO pin.

OuTPuT OVErridE MOdE Several microcontrollers have an output override mode in which the output pulses from other modules can provide switching control over the op amp output. There are two mode selections for the output override – forced tri-state and forced unity gain. Figure 2 shows sample output waveforms for the two modes using PWM as the override source. A sample implementation of output override is shown in figure 5. iNTErNallY CaSCadEd MOdulES Microcontrollers such as the Microchip PIC16F1769 allow programmable connection of the output of one op amp to the input of another op amp. These internally cascaded modules are useful if there is a need to isolate the op amp output from the load. The output of the cascaded op amp depends mainly on the gain of the individual stages.

Figure 3 shows two sample circuit configurations implementing internally cascaded op amp modules.

Part A of figure 3 is made up of two non-inverting amplifier stages to produce a very high-gain output. This configuration is useful for high-frequency circuits due to the inverse relationship between the amplifier gain and frequency below the -3dB point. Moreover, higher resistance values also result in higher thermal noise generated by the resistors. To eliminate thermal noise while achieving the desired gain, cascading amplifiers would be the best option.

On the other hand, part B of figure 3 is composed of an inverting amplifier with a non-inverting positive reference, which basically produces an amplified difference signal between the inverting input and the reference voltage, and a unity gain amplifier that provides isolation between the preceding stage’s output and the load to eliminate any loading effects.

Cascading modules can be done through firmware by simply setting the output of one module as the negative or positive input of another module.

BaSiC SiGNal CONdiTiONiNG One of the most common applications for an op amp is basic signal conditioning in which there is a need to manipulate input signals to meet the requirements of the succeeding stages.

Figure 3: Cascaded op amp modules sample conďŹ guration www.international.electronica-azi.ro

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EMBEddEd SYSTEMS

Figure 4 shows a basic signal conditioning circuit requiring a signal with an input of 0.6 to 1V to be translated to a 0 to 5V range for an optimised resolution before feeding the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) module. This circuit performs two functions – scaling and level shifting.

The op amp module is in an inverting configuration, which means it will output an inverted and amplified replica of the differential input signal. The range of the output signal depends on the inverting amplifier’s gain. The product of the input signal and the gain determines the scale of the output stage.

However, the 5V scaled result does not fall exactly in the 0 to 5V range so the output voltage needs to be shifted to the desired output level by adding a positive reference voltage on the noninverting input of the op amp.

For a more precise output, this reference voltage needs to be varied. To eliminate the use of external voltage sources, the internal fixed voltage reference (FVR) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) modules can be used. The FVR is configured to provide a stable voltage reference to the DAC, which then divides this fixed voltage into 512 software configurable output levels that serve as the reference to the non-inverting input of the op amp module.

output of the op amp module in the feedback circuit. The PRG is configured as a slope compensator to counteract inherent subharmonic oscillations when the duty cycle is greater than 50%.

PWM3 controls the dimming to provide the effective average current to control LED brightness without affecting colour. It provides a 200Hz PWM output for COG output modulation, load switching and op amp output override. The PWM3 duty cycle dictates the LED dimming ratio, which in turn determines the light intensity of the LEDs. A higher duty cycle ratio means a longer MOSFET Q2 on time and hence a brighter LED. When the PWM3 output goes low, the COG output is disabled through the DSM, Q2 switches off and the op amp output is forced to tri-state. The DSM uses PWM3 as the modulation source to provide synchronised switching with Q2 and the op amp output. It also ensures that the full pulse out of the COG is completed before the output switches to fixed low. Disabling the COG prevents the occurrence of output over-voltage condition while forcing the op amp to tri-state maintains the steady state LED current.

Figure 4: ADC signal conditioning Once the signal has been scaled and level shifted to the desired output, it is fed to the ADC module for digital processing. The optimised signal from the op amp module results in a significant decrease on the ADC step size, yielding a much higher effective resolution compared with the unconditioned signal. The op amp output can be fed to other analog peripherals for further analog processing.

PWM lEd diMMEr fEEdBaCk CirCuiT Figure 5 shows a current-mode boost controller for constant-current PWM LED dimming.

In this circuit, a boost converter supplies constant current to the series-connected LEDs. Maintaining the current constant from the variation of the input voltage and the LEDs’ total resistance is significant to maintain the true colour of the LEDs. The current is primarily a function of the complementary output generator (COG) output duty cycle.

The COG output is fed to the data signal modulator and used to switch power MOSFET Q1 between on and off. Its switching period is determined by the Compare/Capture/PWM (CCP) module, which serves the COG as the rising event source and the comparator module as the falling event source. The CCP is configured in PWM mode to provide a fixed frequency pulse train the value of which typically ranges from 100 to 500kHz. On the other hand, the comparator produces an output pulse whenever the voltage across RSENSE1 exceeds the output of the PRG module. The input to the PRG module is derived from the 14

Figure 5: Constant-current PWM LED dimming circuit When Q2 turns off, the feedback becomes zero and the op amp module increases its output to the maximum, overcharging the compensation network. When PWM3 turns on again, it takes the compensator several switching cycles to recover when a large current peak is driven through the LEDs. This often causes the LED current to overshoot, contributing to a shorter LED lifetime. In this application, the op amp module is configured with the PWM3 as the override source and the output is tri-stated when the PWM output is low to alleviate LED current overshoot and prevent colour shifting.

CONCluSiON The op amp module in 8-bit PIC microcontrollers provides not only the basic functionalities of single supply op amps but also exhibits more enhanced features to increase flexibility in op amp circuit designs. As portable equipment become more popular, single supply op amp circuits are becoming more in demand.

Integrating the op amp module with other on-chip analog peripherals reduces production costs and board space and provides more efficient circuit performance in many applications.

Microchip Technology | www.microchip.com Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

CODICO:

SILVERTEL IS EXPANDING POE!

Ag7200 A low cost SIL 20W DC/DC converter for POE and boost converter applications.

Ag5324 The first Industrial Temperature POE+ module from SILVERTEL.

Smaller modules, more power, wide input ranges or higher temperature, whatever the requirement, SILVERTEL keep pushing back the limits Following the success of Ag7100 making PSE designs simple, straightforward and convenient, SILVERTEL has expanded its’ range of complementary DC/DC boost converters for POE applications with Ag7200. In a very low cost and small footprint SIL package, Ag7200 builds on the success of the Ag7100, providing a nearly 50% footprint reduction for 12W IEEE802.3af applications.

Now offering an input voltage range all the way down to 5V up to 12V, with boost up to 48V or 57V for POE applications, Ag7200 can easily drive an Ag6100 PSE module for single channel POE applications. With approximately 50% smaller footprint than Ag7100, Ag7200 allows far more compact designs and all at lower cost, while still providing IEEE compliant isolation.

Typical application connections using SilVErTEl modules for a fully iEEE compliant solution Meanwhile, many modern IOT devices and sensors plus industrial or building automation control applications require full industrial temperature range to be specified. As POE continues to penetrate ever more markets and filters into new technologies, it is being used in a broader range of applications than ever before and increasingly at higher power. Industrial control & automation, IP cameras, IP audio, HD audio visual (including HD BaseT) and access control are just some of the more common areas where POE usage has been dramatically increasing.

However, there are a number of these types of applications that require 24V as opposed to the more standard 12V or 5V typically used by devices deriving power from POE. Many modern applications also demand the capability to operate in more extreme envi-

Ag9924MT Ultra miniature POE for 24V Industrial temperature applications for up to 12W. ronments, or externally, particularly in IOT sensors and monitoring systems. With the latest additions to the SILVERTEL module range, POE powering of these becomes straightforward. The Ag5324 is a very exciting new development, being the first ever Industrial Temperature rated (-40 to +85°C) POE+ module released by them. Ag5324 delivers the full POE+ power of 24W continuously at up to 85°C. Ag9924MT meanwhile can provide a full 12W of power all the way up to 85°C with no derating. These two new POE modules are each respectively part of the range of smallest POE 12W IEEE802.3af and POE+ 24W IEEE802.3at PD solutions in the world. The full Ag9900 series now includes 3V, 5V, 12V and 24V options. Each of these is also available in an over-temperature protected power de-rated (12W @ 24V; 9W @ 12V & 24V; 6W @ 5V and 4.5W @ 3V for 85oC operation) industrial temperature version (Ag9900MT). The full range of Ag9900 and Ag5324 modules are all available in volume now and can be ordered through the CODICO Sample Shop. if you are interested in our products, please get in touch with your COdiCO contact or ivan Mitic. ivan Mitic, regional Sales Manager ivan.mitic@codico.com +43 1 86 305-194 www.codico.com

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POWEr dESiGN

Shunts Current measurements using a resistor

Author: Bert Weiss, Technical Support Resistors

A shunt has a low resistive value and can be used to measure the current - it is therefore also referred to as a current sense resistor.

It is always employed when the measured current exceeds the range of the measuring device. The shunt is then connected in parallel to the measuring device. The total current flows through the shunt and generates a voltage drop that is measured. Using Ohm’s law and the known resistance, this can then be used to calculate the current (I = V/R). To keep power loss – and thus heat development – to a minimum, shunts must have a very low resistive value in the milliohm range, some are even below that.

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Today, practically every control and monitoring circuit uses shunt-based current measurements as the easy and cost effective alternative to sensor solutions. To achieve measuring results with the demanded accuracy, it is useful to understand how shunts work. Since the method is classed as a precision measuring technology it should not be regarded as a trivial task.

The advantage of this measuring method is that faults can be detected and eliminated quickly. These shunts are therefore particularly interesting for safety-relevant applications where faults need to be detected.

Furthermore, they deliver precise measuring results and thus enable, e.g., the efficient control of drives or the monitoring of battery management systems. At the same time, shunt resistors are excellent value for money.

Shunts are basically suitable for any type of measuring application – be it with a direct or alternating current. Shunts are currently experiencing a real boom, especially due to the increasing number of condition meas-

urements in cars, e.g. engine and battery management, airbag control unit, ABS, and further safety, locking, and infotainment systems. Current sense resistors are also becoming ever more popular in industrial applications, medical technology and for regenerative energies and smart metering.

VariOuS TEChNOlOGiES arE ON OffEr Shunts are available as metal layer technology and full metal versions. Layer resistors are considerably less expensive but have a poorer comparative temperature coefficient. There is also a further, design-related Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

NEWS disadvantage: With metal layer resistors, a paste is applied to a ceramic substrate and adjusted to the desired value using laser trimming. This results in an inhomogeneous structure that is trimmed to the rated value as a meandering shape. Along with the already existing parasitic inductances, this causes a series inductance, thus invalidating Ohm’s law, in its purest form, and falsifying the result of the current measurement. The voltage drop at the shunt then takes place according to the formula U = I x R – L(di/dt).

Metal layer resistors are therefore only worth considering if inductance is unimportant.

Full-metal shunt resistors consist of a homogeneous resistive element so that no additional inductance develops and a consistent and correct measuring result is achieved. This is key to high precision applications, for instance in medical technology, or precision measuring devices. Furthermore, they are characterized by high measuring accuracy and resistance to thermal shock. They are available in various sizes – including ones that are much larger than for standard chip resistors – and TK-values way below 100ppm/K. Full-metal resistors can be operated with an output of up to 7W at maximum temperatures of 275°C. Resistive values up to the low single-digit milliohm range can be selected.

The perfect resistive value can be determined quite easily: The lowest measuring voltage that still achieves sufficiently accurate results is divided by the lowest current value of the measuring range.

There is a trend towards smaller sizes with higher outputs; and customer-specific versions in terms of connection geometry and shunt size are also increasingly sought after. Whether they are the preferred choice to standard models depends on the respective application. As shunt resistors are relatively expensive compared to other resistor technologies, they are already available in small batch sizes and test samples.

4-WirE ShuNTS The 4-wire version is one option. Here, the current flows through two connections and the voltage is measured at the other two. The voltage drop at the resistors can be determined using the internal Kelvin connections, so that the resulting measuring errors can be eliminated.

4-wire shunts are used in two scenarios: Firstly, when the line and contact resistance are relatively high and, in contrast to the measured resistance, not negligible. Secondly, when the resistive value is smaller than 10mR. Since the resistive values of the conductors are also in the milliohm range and must thus be incorporated. rutronik Elektronische Bauelemente www.rutronik.com

HIGH-PERFORMANCE RZ / G1C MICROPROCESSOR FROM RENESAS AT RUTRONIK

The new RZ / G1C microprocessor is Renesas’ latest addition to its highperformance RZ / G-series. It is suitable for applications ranging from entry-level solutions to highcomplexity embedded systems. Thanks to its support for a 3D graphics engine and a Full HD (FHD) video decoder, it allows for fast development of powerful HMI and visual applications. This new microprocessor is available now from www.rutronik24.com.

The RZ / G1C, which is based on the industry-leading 1.0 GHz dual-core ARM® Cortex®-A7-CPU, offers performance and balance for networked HMI systems. It supports a variety of interfaces, including USB and Gigabit Ethernet (GbE). Thanks to full pin compatibility among the derivatives, users can flexibly replace RZ series products – whether low or high-end – enabling even future requirements to be satisfied.

The new microprocessor has an integrated PowerVR® SGX5313D graphics engine and an FHD H.264 video decoder. It also offers one analog and two digital camera inputs for embedded computer vision and other video applications. The RZ / G1C is also optimized for Linux-based application development.

Because the RZ / G1C does not require a power sequencer or PMIC on the circuit board, this reduces BOM costs and simplifies the development and production of circuit boards.

You will find more information on the Renesas RZ / G1C on the e-commerce platform Rutronik24.com (where you can also place orders directly): www.rutronik24.com/search-result/qs:rzg1c/reset:0 Contact Person (Rutronik): david Werthwein Tel: +49 7231 801-0 e-mail: David.Werthwein@rutronik.com rutronik | www.rutronik.com

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iP SECuriTY FOR THE ioT − PrOGraMMiNG Author: Martin Warmington, Global Sales Manager microchipdirECT

PrOGraMMiNG aNd ThE iOT As engineers tap into the huge buzz which is the Internet of Things (IoT), purchasing professionals will need to play their part in ensuring the security of their end products’ intellectual property (IP) throughout the procurement and programming process.

As the IoT moves from small proprietary networks into mass applications in the consumer, enterprise, industrial and other markets, the potential reward for attackers is also increasing. From a technical perspective, there are established cryptographic and non-cryptographic methods for infield protection of IoT networks, and the data that they transmit. But from a purchas18

ing perspective, the security strategies are less clearly defined.

If the experience of a decade or more of off-shore manufacturing has taught the industry anything it is that the protection of IP should not start when the final product hits the streets. Counterfeiting, reverse engineering and IP theft can occur on the production line or within an insecure supply chain making security implementations throughout production critical.

One of the most effective ways to protect IP is for buyers to make security a natural extension of the procurement and supplier evaluation process. The first priority is to check that the component manufacturer has complete control over the manufacturing and programming process. Whilst there are some excellent third-party programming houses, each new link in the supply chain injects additional time, as well as risk. All companies involved in the supply chain should also have accreditations for the appropriate industry standards, such as those for the medical and automotive sectors, to ensure compliance for the end product.

For microchipDIRECT, protecting customers’ code for PIC® microcontrollers means that all programming is carried out in a dedicated in-

house programming centre. This high level of control helps to ensure security for the code, and for the microcontrollers, during final assembly and programming.

PrOTECTiON ThrOuGh aNONYMiTY Customer anonymity throughout programming can also make IP theft considerably harder.

This starts with the customer uploading the device code as a 256 kb encrypted hex file via the microchipDIRECT website. From here, the customers’ name is replaced by a barcode before the file is sent to the inhouse programming facility. During programming, the barcode is the only means of identification, concealing the customer name and ensuring a more secure process.

The customer’s name is entered back into the process only at the point when the components are ready to be despatched.

Some customers take the anonymity process a stage further by removing or replacing the Microchip markings on the device itself. Rather than using the Microchip logo and other identifying marks, the component is anonymised with custom markings, making it unidentifiable as an original Microchip component.

Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

This helps to prevent IP theft through reverse engineering of the end product.

For added protection, these custom markings always include a date and trace code.

Primarily used by volume customers, this service can be accessed via Microchip’s distribution network as well as through the microchipDIRECT website.

ThE fiNiShiNG liNE Whilst some customers want anonymity for the components which are used in their end products, others prefer custom branding. This can include adding customer labels to components during the finishing process. This not only effectively camouflages the original source of the device but can also help OEMs to enhance the brand value of their end products.

Programming components at the end of the production process offers additional procurement advantages too. By purchasing a microcontroller ex-stock from microchip DIRECT, and adding programming as part of

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the order, the only lead time is that required for the parts to be programmed. This eliminates any additional lead time which is incurred while the device is being manufactured and allows for the devices to be labelled according to the customer specifications. Programming can be applied to all of the parts on a purchase order, or for a smaller batch of parts within a larger order. iP aNd ThE iOT Although the estimates vary, they all agree that the current growth in IoT applications will develop the market into a multibillion dollar industry over the next five years. Securing the IP for IoT end products will need the combined efforts of component manufacturers, as well as OEM design and procurement teams, to prevent the IoT opportunity from transforming into an IoT threat.

Microchip Technology www.microchip.com

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renesas Electronics Ships Space industry’s first radiation-hardened 100V and 200V GaN fET Power Supply Solutions Renesas Electronics, a premier supplier of advanced semiconductor solutions, today announced the space industry’s first radiation-hardened, low side Gallium Nitride (GaN) field effect transistor (FET) driver and GaN FETs that enable primary and secondary DC/DC converter power supplies in launch vehicles and satellites, as well as downhole drilling and high reliability industrial applications. These devices power ferrite switch drivers, motor control driver circuits, heater control modules, embedded command modules, 100V and 28V power conditioning, and redundancy switching systems.

The ISL7023SEH 100V, 60A GaN FET and ISL70024SEH 200V, 7.5A GaN FET use the base die manufactured by Efficient Power Conversion Corporation (EPC). The GaN FETs provide up to 10 orders of magnitude better performance than silicon MOSFETs while reducing package size by 50 percent. They also reduce power supply weight and achieve higher power efficiency with less switching power loss. At 5mΩ (RDSON) and 14nC (QG), the ISL70023SEH enables the industry’s best figure of merit (FOM).

Both GaN FETs require less heat sinking due to reduced parasitic elements, and their ability to operate at high frequencies allows the use of smaller output filters, which achieve excellent efficiencies in a compact solution size. Manufactured using a MIL-PRF38535 Class V-like flow, the ISL70023SEH and ISL70024SEH offer guaranteed electrical specifications over the military temperature range and lot-by-lot radiation assurance for high dose rate 100krad(Si) and low dose rate 75krad(Si).

The ISL70040SEH low side GaN FET driver powers the ISL7002xSEH GaN FETs with a regulated 4.5V gate drive voltage and splits the outputs to adjust FET turn-on and turn-off speeds.

Operating with a supply voltage of 4.5V to 13.2V, the FET driver provides high current source and sink capability for high frequency operation, while offering both inverting and non-inverting gate drive to provide flexibility in power supply designs. Its fail-safe protection on the logic inputs eliminates unintentional switching when they are not actively driven.

The ISL70040SEH provides reliable performance when exposed to total ionizing dose (TID) or heavy ions, and is immune to destructive single event effects (SEE) up to 16.5V with linear energy transfer (LET) of 86MeV•cm2/mg. The GaN FET driver uses a MIL-PRF-38535 Class V manufacturing flow and wafer-bywafer radiation assurance testing. renesas Electronics Europe | www.renesas.com 20

renesas Electronics unveils industry-leading fully Encapsulated dual 30a and Single 33a digital Power Modules Renesas Electronics announced two new fully encapsulated digital DC/DC PMBus® power modules that deliver the highest power density and efficiency in their class. The dual ISL8274M operates from a 5V or 12V power rail, provides two 30A outputs and up to 95.5% peak efficiency in a compact 18mm × 23mm2 footprint.

The new ZL9024M operates from a 3.3V rail and outputs 33A of power in a 17mm ×19mm2 footprint. They deliver point-of-load (POL) conversions for advanced FPGAs, DSPs, ASICs and memory used in servers, telecom, datacom, optical networking and storage equipment. Both devices are easy-to-use, PMBus-configurable power supplies that include a controller, MOSFETs, inductor and passives encapsulated inside a module that increases available board space and reduces bill of materials (BOM).

The ISL8274M and ZL9024M digital power modules leverage Renesas’ patented ChargeMode™ control architecture, which provides the highest efficiencies with better than 90% on most conversions. The power modules also provide a single clock cycle fast transient response to output current load steps common in FPGAs and DSPs that process power bursts. Their compensation-free design keeps the modules stable regardless of output capacitor changes due to temperature, variation or aging. Eliminating the need for an external discrete compensation network also saves board space and additional BOM cost. The ISL8274M supports input voltages from 4.5V to 14V, while the ZL9024M accepts input voltages from 2.75V to 4V. Both modules offer adjustable output voltages as low as 0.6V. The encapsulated modules use Renesas’ proprietary High Density Array (HDA) package, which offers unmatched electrical and thermal performance through a single-layer conductive substrate that reduces lead inductance and dissipates heat primarily through the system board. The HDA’s copper lead-frame structure allows the modules to operate at full load over a wide temperature range with no airflow or heatsinks. The ISL8274M and ZL9024M also provide several protection features that ensure safe operations under abnormal operating conditions, further enhancing their robustness and reliability.

“The ISL8274M and ZL9024M expand Renesas’ portfolio of encapsulated digital power modules and provides customers the first digital dual 30A power supply and first digital 33A power supply,” said Philip Chesley, Vice President of Industrial Analog and Power Business Division, Renesas Electronics Corporation. “Their power density, high efficiency and fast transient response address our customers demanding single and multi-rail power requirements.” renesas Electronics Europe | www.renesas.com Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

NEWS To stay competitive in a world increasing in complexity and efficiency, today’s engineering students must graduate with an understanding of engineering concepts across multiple disciplines and products. To equip future engineers with this strong foundation in systemslevel design, Texas instruments (Ti) has announced its newest educational solution for the university classroom, the Ti robotics System learning kit (Ti-rSlk).

The TI-RSLK is a low-cost robotics kit and classroom curriculum, which provide students a deeper understanding of how electronic system designs work. The first in the series, the Maze Edition, has more than 60 electronic and mechanical components, including the industry-leading SimpleLink™ MSP432P401R microcontroller (MCU) LaunchPad™ Development Kit. TI’s SimpleLink MCU platform is the broadest portfolio of connected ARM® MCUs in a single software development environment, delivering flexible hardware, software and tool options for Internet of Things (IoT) and robotics applications.

Through the curriculum, students learn the function and purpose of each hardware and software component included within the TI-RSLK system. With this groundwork, students can write and develop their own code and then build their own fully functioning robotics system. This learning jour-

NEW UNIVERSITY ROBOTICS KIT AND CURRICULUM FROM TI PREPARE FUTURE ENGINEERS FOR SYSTEMS-LEVEL DESIGN ney culminates in a robot that can complete line-following challenges, compete against other TI-RSLK robotic systems and solve its way through a maze. "Whether taught as an introduction in the freshman year or as an advanced design lab later on, the TI-RSLK is an effective means for students to get a hands-on learning experience of engineering concepts that span electrical, mechanical and computer science systems,” says Jon Valvano, Ph.D., an electrical and computer engineering professor at The University of Texas at Austin, who developed the TI-RSLK with TI. “This not only encourages many students to pursue an electrical engineering degree in the first place, but to also persist in their field of study as it gets more challenging.”

Designed to supplement university faculty curriculum, the TI-RSLK Maze Edition comes with 20 learning modules covering basic to advanced topics. Each module is complete with lecture videos and slides, lab documentation and demonstration videos, quizzes and classroom activities.

The kit and curriculum is fully customizable, allowing faculty to choose how they integrate the TI-RSLK into their class. The TI-RSLK is targeted to teach embedded systems and applications, and can be expanded and used in a variety of engineering classes at any level along a college student’s learning journey.

“Future engineers can’t push the boundaries of technology unless they first understand what the boundaries are,” says Peter Balyta, Ph.D., president of TI Education Technology and vice president of academic engagements and corporate citizenship.

“I’m confident that as students gain a stronger understanding of how electronics systems work, once in their career they will create the technologies of the future that will astound us all.”

The TI-RSLK kits can be purchased from Element 14 at www.element14.com/RSLK. Further information about the TI-RSLK can found at www.ti.com/RSLK Texas instruments | www.ti.com 22

Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

NEW AT FRAMOS: The Cutting-Edge ON Semiconductor AR0430 CMOS Sensor for Simultaneous 2D and 3D Imaging ON Semiconductor, a global leader in image sensor technology, has recently announced its new AR0430 CMOS digital image sensor. This device, available from the global imaging expert FRAMOS, combines classic 2D video imaging and 3D image recognition on a single sensor. The AR0430 CMOS sensor, with a small 1/3.1inch optical format, delivers high-quality images with advanced 2.0 Âľm pixel stacked BSI technology; and, a 4 Megapixel resolution at 120 frames per second (fps). The innovative depth mode enables depth mapping concurrently, while shooting video at 30 fps. ON Semiconductor's lowcost depth solution empowers both innovative industrial and consumer end-product applications with cutting edge 3D features like cameras for IoT, wearables, security, and AR/VR/MR. The AR0430 has an active-pixel array of 2312 (H) x 1746 (V), achieving a 4:3 aspect ratio. The device provides low-power performance, drawing a mere 125 mW, when a 4 MP data stream is operating at 30 fps.

The low power monitoring mode drawing only 8 mW in standby, is especially valuable in battery-powered security applications. The AR0430 in standard imaging mode, can provide high quality images in both day and night lighting conditions, thereby enhancing its suitability for use in security cameras. This imager, with a large linear full well capacity and high dynamic www.international.electronica-azi.ro

range, succeeds in challenging light conditions with leading color performance. It can record video at 120 fps in slow motion mode and use the zoom feature, while retaining the resolution quality that is perfect for wearable devices. The feature of depth data at 30 fps promotes the possibility of object recognition, virtual replacement, or downstream AI, that can interpret data for autonomous decisions, or touchless device control.

Sibel Yorulmaz-Cokugur, Sensor Expert and ON Semiconductor Line Manager at FRAMOS, considers the innovative application opportunities provided by the AR0430 imager: “In today's world, imaging helps making machines to see, think, and act, predictably.

The new AR0430 from ON Semiconductor provides a cutting-edge solution for vision engineers to benefit from the latest 2D and 3D imaging technology using a single device.

For example, the user can participate in a video conference while replacing the background for security purposes. Also, it is possible to scan objects and to create simple 3D models for use in virtual reality worlds, or even interpret hand gestures to control smart devices. The standard compact sensor size, for Embedded Vision solutions, fits into many IoT applications and supports miniaturization, too. It also allows multiple camera synchronization for 360-degree cameras, or longer-range depth solutions. The fabrica-

tion of devices using depth technology as a baseline for innovative 3D applications, and machines driven by artificial intelligence, is now far easier with the AR0430.�

Simultaneous video and depth mapping is enabled by ON Semiconductor's Super Depth technology, built on the latest stacked die technology. Super Depth Technology, together with the Color Filter Array (CFA) feature and on-pixel microlenses, creates a data stream containing both image and depth data. This data is combined off the sensor, via an algorithm, to deliver a 30-fps video stream and depth map of any object within one meter of the camera. Imaging engineers and system designers will benefit from the AR0430's significant configuration flexibility. This flexibility includes the ability to program gain, horizontal and vertical blanking, frame size/rate, exposure, image reversal, window size, and panning. Current engineering samples are available in bare die format, and full production will start later in Q1' 2018.

The industry and product experts at FRAMOS apply their extensive knowledge of sensors, latest 3D technology, and vision based artificial intelligence to support customers integrating the new sensor into their applications and projects. This customer service is complemented with development support, customization, and logistics. fraMOS | www.framos.com 23

NEWS SEGGER ANNOUNCES EMBOS-SAFE, THE SIL 3 CERTIFIED RTOS FOR SAFETY-CRITICAL APPLICATIONS embOS, SEGGER’s signature RTOS, is known for its small footprint, performance, reliability and intuitive API, and has been proven for more than twenty years in commercial applications. By popular demand, a certified version is now available for safety-critical applications. Certified by TÜV SÜD, embOS-Safe complies with the functional safety standards IEC 61508 SIL 3 and IEC 62304 Class C (medical devices).

The certification highlights the high quality standards of SEGGER’s development processes, now making it even easier to use embOS in safety-critical key market segments such as medical, automotive, aviation and home appliances.

Customers requiring embOS-Safe gain access to a proven, reliable solution with all embOS key features, including multi-tasking, comprehensive communication and synchronization services, along with full memory protection. embOS-Safe is provided with a certification kit containing all necessary documents, including the comprehensive embOS safety manual, making it easy to integrate it into your application, even for applications that have not taken advantage of an RTOS before. embOS-Safe is further complemented in safety-critical environments by SEGGER's leading cross-platform IDE Embedded Studio, the proven embOS/IP and emUSB communication stacks, the bullet-proof file system emFile and the industry-standard graphics

package emWin, as well as the J-Link debug probes and Flasher production tools.

IEC 61508 is the standard for functional safety and is referenced in multiple derived standards. embOS certifications according to other standards, including ISO 26262 for automotive devices, can consequently also be done easily.

SEGGEr Microcontroller | www.segger.com

FARNELL ELEMENT14 GETS YOU STARTED WITH LINUX BASED PROGRAMMING WITH “SUDO SERGEANT” AND BEAGLEBOARD.ORG POCKETBEAGLE® Farnell element14, the Development Distributor, is now stocking the new PocketBeagle® from BeagleBoard.org®, an ultra-tiny-yet-complete open-source USBkey-fob computer.

PocketBeagle® is an incredibly low cost, simple to use Linux based board, making it the ideal development board for beginners and professionals alike.

For users getting started within Linux, the element14 community has introduced a new web series featuring Felix Gardner from the popular “The Ben heck Show in the series, “sudo Sergeant”, Linux enthusiast Felix walks viewers through the basics of Linux, from ‘what is an operating system?’ to permissions and account management, getting them started in a series of easy to digest 3 minute videos.

PocketBeagle® is an ideal development board for the experienced maker and developer or someone starting out with Linux based programming. It has an Octavo Systems OSD3358 1GHz ARM® Cortex-A8 24

on board with 512MB DDR3 RAM, Integrated power management and 2×32bit 200-MHz programmable real-time units (PRUs).

You can watch element14’s sudo Sergeant web series on the element14 community.

Premier farnell | www.premierfarnell.com

Summary of Technical Specifications: • Based on new Octavo Systems OSD3358-SM 21mm × 21mm systemin-package that includes 512MB DDR3 RAM, 1-GHz ARM Cortex-A8 CPU, 2x 200-MHz PRUs, ARM Cortex-M3, 3D accelerator, power/battery management and EEPROM • 72 expansion pin headers with power and battery I/Os, high-speed USB, 8 analog inputs, 44 digital I/Os and numerous digital interface peripherals • microUSB host/client and microSD connectors The PocketBeagle is available to buy from Farnell element14 in Europe, forthings.io in UK & Ireland, Spain, Denmark, Finland and Sweden, Newark element14 in North America and element14 in APAC. Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

EMBEddEd SYSTEMS

NEW KONTRON VM6103 DELIVERS AN UNMATCHED COMBINATION OF COMPUTING PERFORMANCE AND LOW POWER DISSIPATION In line with its strategy of ensuring customers to upgrade their existing applications with the latest technology, Kontron, a leading global provider of IoT and Embedded Computing Technology (ECT), today announced the VM6103, a new 6U VME SBC with NXP Layerscape scalable multi-core 64-bit ARMT processor. The low power dissipation blade computer features more than 4600DMIPS while drawing less than 10W. The Kontron VM6103 is ideal for use in Size Weight, Power and Cost (SWaP-C)-constrained systems and general-purpose missions, ranging from industrial to extreme rugged transportation and defense applications. low power scalable 64-bit arM VME CPu The VM6103 is available with either a 2-core 1GHz or a 4-core 1.6GHz 64-bit ARM A53 Layerscape processor, on-board soldered DDR4 (with ECC), as well as up to 64GB on-board soldered Flash optionally. The VM6103 provides a host of standard I/O including Dual Gigabit Ethernet, serial lines, SATA, up to three USB channels and GPIOs. additional interface via standard expansion slots The modular extension with I/O expansion slots of the VM6103 allows to configure tailored systems from open standard components, reducing integration time and cost. It features two PMC-, one XMC-, one Mini-PCI-Express- and one M.2 slot. kontron SEC-line computer security to for the protection of Embedded applications Kontron answers increasing security requirements for safety-critical applications with hardware enforced root of trust, as well as software only techniques such as Secure Boot.

designed for harsh environments and an over a decade availability The VM6103 withstands shock and vibrations as all components on the board are soldered, which is a prerequisite for reliable operation and a longer product life-time. The low power dissipation of the VM6103 allows reliable long-term operation without forced air cooling. The VM6103 is scheduled to be available in either air cooling or conduction cooling versions supporting a temperature range of -40°C to +85°C .

With a guaranteed standard life-time of ten years from product start, the VM6103 facilitates life-cycle management by making the overall system available at least for this period of time. kontron | www.kontron.com

congatec PRESENTS HIGH-END MINI-ITX MOTHERBOARD congatec – a leading technology company for embedded computer modules, single board computers and embedded design and manufacturing services – introduces the conga-IT6, a MiniITX embedded motherboard for high-end applications that offers high scalability across all suitable embedded processor sockets thanks to its COM Express Type 6 slot. Users of the new motherboard can scale their applications across all relevant processor generations and manufacturers as required, thereby keeping up-to-date with the latest developments in high-end embedded computing. This scalability allows flexible high-end performance classes from Intel® Core™ i7™ and Intel® Xeon® E3 processors to future designs – for instance, based on the AMD Zen architecture. The new embedded motherboard also extends the long-term use of existing Mini-ITX motherboard designs, since discontinued processor modules are easily updated by swapping in new modules without any board modifications.

Specially developed for the needs of the high-end sector’s constantly increasing performance demands, the new conga-IT6 Mini-ITX motherboard will also support all future processor offerings from congatec for the COM Express Type 6 form factor. The current performance range includes the Intel® Atom™, Celeron® and Pentium® processors, the AMD Embedded G- and R-Series, as well as 7th generation Intel® Core™ i7 and Xeon® E3 processors. www.international.electronica-azi.ro

Support for the latter turns the new conga-IT6 into an extremely powerful Mini-ITX board with a long-term availability that no other embedded computing manufacturer offers. In total, customers can choose between 11 different processor versions. congatec aG | www.congatec.de

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rElaYS

HOW INTEGRATED THERMAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY CAN PREVENT SOLID STATE RELAY FAILURE IN INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS By rogelio Castaneda and Oscar rivera, Sensata Technologies What do large industrial/commercial HVAC and refrigeration systems, heavy duty transportation, conveyor belts, assembly lines, medical, energy and other complex manufacturing systems all have in common? Motors. Big and expensive electrical motors that, if they overheat, can be damaged or even destroyed.

Most large motor-driven machinery requires a system attached to the motor’s power supply that will sense overheating and turn off the motor to prevent this damage. In many cases, this device is an electrical relay that turns power on and off. There are two main types of these relays – electromechanical (EMRs) and solid state (SSRs).

EMrs VErSuS SSrs For over 150 years, electro mechanical relays were the ‘go to’ solution for managing load circuits. However, in the last 30 years or so, solid state relays have taken a great deal of the market share. There are significant differences between EMRs and SSRs, especially in terms of life-span.

EMRs are mechanical-based and have moving parts, making them highly susceptible to 26

magnetic noise, vibration, shock and other outside influences that can affect wear and life cycle. In contrast, SSRs offer a durable, all-solid state electronic construction with no moving parts to affect wear or accuracy, thereby offering predictable operation and longer life. The average lifespan of electromechanical relays is in the range of hundreds of thousands of cycles compared to five million hours for three-phase solid state relays. With such maintenance–free durability, SSRs often outlast the equipment in which they are installed.

In addition to a longer life span that provides greater reliability and replacement cost savings, SSRs provide faster switching than EMRs, making them adaptable to a wider range of high power load applications. They operate silently (without the undesirable clicking sound emitted by EMRs) with low input power consumption and produce little electrical interference.

Both shock and vibration resistant, SSRs can withstand harsh environments and continue to operate accurately and reliably, whereas EMRs need frequent replacement, making them very undesir-

able in harsh conditions.

SSRs excel over EMRs in other areas as well.

They are compatible with control systems, immune to magnetic noise, and are completely encapsulated. Their solid-state design makes them position insensitive and provides design engineers more flexibility to mount SSRs anywhere within an application – whether sideways or upside down. SSRs can be installed in places where there is heavy vibration with no interference in performance, whereas mechanical-based EMRs are very sensitive to positioning, shock and vibration, thereby restricting design options.

Perhaps not surprisingly, given their design advantages, SSRs tend to be more expensive than EMRs, and while this price point disparity can be significant, it becomes a non-issue when factored in over the two million life cycles SSRs provide.

ThE ThErMal MaNaGEMENT ChallENGE As SSRs generate heart when conducting current, there is a thermal management component to their operation, just like the motors that they control. Should overheatElectronica Azi International | 1/2018

SOlid STaTE rElaYS

ing occur, diagnosing and replacing a damaged SSR can take time while the assembly line or manufacturing system is down and out of service, running up even more costs.

To illustrate how an SSR operates, consider the product’s use in commercial refrigeration applications in the building equipment market. In a refrigeration application, the SSR’s function is to turn the compressor on or off to keep the system temperature within a specified range. The input control might be from 90-280 AC with a required tripping temperature set at 95°C. A buffer is engineered into the circuitry using a variety of components to ensure that the desired tripping action occurs. When the SSR turns on to conduct load current, it also generates heat. Failure to adequately protect the SSR can cause damage to the relay or to the load.

NEXT GENEraTiON SOlid STaTE rElaYS To address the overheating challenge, new SSR technologies are being developed that integrate a thermostat into the SSR itself to ensure that the relay always operates in a safe or protected mode. This game-changing design incorporates all the advantages of standard SSR technology, but is differentiated by its ability to prevent the SSR from overheating, thus protecting component and system operation from potential damage or shut down.

The new generation of SSR cuts off input circuit power when the temperature goes beyond the specified maximum as determined by the application requirements. Power is automatically turned on again when the temperature has cooled down to within the normal operating range.

This automatic thermal protection is accomplished by means of an integrated thermostat embedded in the SSR. The thermostat senses the internal temperature of a mechanical interface with a metal plate where the internal power-switching device is mounted. If the heat exceeds the normal range, it sends a signal to the SSR to turn off the power. This built-in thermal protection completely prevents overheating conditions by prowww.international.electronica-azi.ro

viding a trip before equipment damage can occur, thereby saving time and money.

In addition to preventing overheating, the integrated thermal protection function can troubleshoot design issues in the system itself. It can help identify incorrect heat sinking capacity in the SSR or system, poor installation resulting in insufficient heat sinking contact, heat dissipation efficiency of the system, as well as other issues.

This provides a valuable tool to the engineer responsible for the system’s operation.

MulTiPlE aPPliCaTiONS While developed for use in a commercial refrigeration application, these new SSR designs can be adapted to other industrial and manufacturing applications to provide similar system benefits. For example, consider a conveyor belt application where a motor could stick and cause overload and potential damage to the system. In this case, the SSR with integrated thermal protection would prevent overheating from occurring by shutting down the conveyor belt as soon as a predetermined heat threshold was met within the SSR’s thermostat.

In injection molding applications where limited space can cause the temperature in the cabinet to rise, thermal protection prevents the SSR from overheating if the heatsinking is not adequate, thus avoiding costly repairs.

For heating systems, the thermally protected SSR can help shut down the heating element if there is a problem with the temperature controller that causes a temperature runaway, thereby protecting the entire system.

So what next? Future developments will see SSRs with even more built-in functionality, giving new meaning to the term ‘smart SSRs’. Future technologies will incorporate a microcontroller, with firmware specific to the desired internal trip temperature that activates a decision from the pre-programmed software settings. With a decisionmaking capability inside the SSR package, protecting motors and systems from over-heating and breakdown will be more automated than ever.

Sensata Technologies www.sensata.com

NEWS OMRON RELEASES NEW ULTRA-THIN, HIGHLY DURABLE TACTILE SWITCH

Omron Electronic Components Europe is releasing a new ultra-thin sealed surfacemounting tactile switch rated at 1 million operations.

The new ultra-thin Omron B3SE delivers amazingly high durability with a minimum of 1 million operations, offering a long product life cycle.

The tactile switch height of just 2mm contributes to the development of incredibly slim devices.

The button gives the user positive tactile feedback, contributing a quality feel to the user interface. With a surface-mounting pin type, it’s suitable for high-density mounting. The silver plated switch is sealed conforming to IP67 (IEC 60529) standards providing high contact reliability in dusty environments and sealing against ingress of flux or fluids during manufacturing. The B3SE can withstand temperatures between -25C to +70C degrees with no icing or condensation. andries de Bruin, European Product Marketing Manager, Omron comments, “The B3SE will allow designers to really challenge themselves to develop ultra-thin products with absolute confidence in the long term durability of the switch. The crisp click during operation will reassure end users that this is a high quality product.”

The B3SE is perfect for applications including instrumentation, factory automation, consumer electronics, white goods and more.

Omron Electronics Components B.V. http://components.omron.eu 27

CONNECTOrS

CONNECTOrS BOOST ThE EffiCiENCY Of WiNd POWEr PlaNTS

By Norbert Weiss, Team Leader Marketing Services Han® harTiNG Electric Gmbh & Co. kG Germany’s roughly 30,000 wind turbines (WT) currently produce a good 50,000 megawatts of electricity for households and companies. The expansion of wind energy both onshore and offshore is helping determine the pace and success of the shift in energy policy introduced at the beginning of the decade – a move away from nuclear power (NPP) towards renewable energies and reduced energy consumption.

For installers and operators, profitability and efficiency are of paramount importance when it comes to site preparation, installation, operation and the maintenance of wind turbines. These factors determine the level of investment and operating costs (CAPEX/OPEX) – and ultimately determine the economic impact a wind power plant can provide. Plants which are down produce no energy, receive no feed-in tariffs, and leave their 28

By Carsten Edler, Industry Segment Manager Wind Energy harTiNG Electric Gmbh & Co. kG potential to generate revenue untapped.

With its innovative connection technology, the HARTING Technology Group is accompanying the transformation under way in the energy sector. Harting’s product portfolio ranges from single components through complete customer-specific solutions and digitisation strategies. The company’s offerings also include consulting and services, thus providing the basis for long-term, lucrative and secure investments in this sector.

As the world's leading manufacturer of industrial connectors, HARTING has decades of experience in the development and use of connectors for an extremely wide variety of applications and challenges. WT are subjected to extraordinary stresses both onshore and offshore due to the particularities of the respective location, climate, corrosion and other environmental influences. Creating the foundation

More modularity, more flexible handling for maximum value retention of these systems takes optimal reliability, the best materials, high mechanical robustness of the components that are used, rapid assembly, optimal maintenance cycles and servicing that is simple to perform.

HARTING connectors help reduce the costs of erecting and operating wind turbines. Modular wind turbines are characterised by flexibility of design and rapid component switch-out. Connectors significantly increase the modularity of these facilities – and more and more wind turbines are being designed accordingly.

The pre-assembly of individual units makes the modular concept possible. Components are quickly and easily joined together only at the final location of the WT. HARTING connectors are characterised by a number of advantages: using connectors to bridge WT modules can limit the monetary Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

harTiNG CONNECTOrS

and personnel costs accrued during installation and operation of wind turbines. A good example is connectors at the interface between the slip ring body and stationary nacelle. The slip ring is used to e.g. transmit the signals for the pitch systems that determine the angle of incidence of the rotor blades. A pluggable design – for example HanModular® contact inserts and the Han-Modular® hinged frame – offers many advantages over permanently attached wiring.

The slip ring can be replaced more quickly, thereby reducing downtimes and minimising revenue loss. In addition, if servicing is required, the slip ring can be replaced without intervention in the pitch system and without dismantling the connecting cables.

The drives for rotor blade adjustment, blade heating, lighting systems and yawing, as well as the generator brakes, can also be connected simply.

Complex wiring is no longer required. In the event of maintenance, worn parts can be quickly and easily replaced in Plug & Play fashion. Connectors also facilitate the work of the assemblers, which sometimes need to install components in difficult-to-reach angles on the gondola and tower.

Many types of WT employ a gearbox to tune the speed and torque between the rotor and the generator and thus optimise efficiency. Connectors speed up installation here as well: pre-assembled cables and connectors with a high degree of protection, e.g. the Han® Eco, Han® HPR or Han® M quickly make the necessary con-

nections between the gear units.

Using HARTING connectors also offers advantages for tower lighting. The energy bus elements for the lighting can be pre-

installed in the tower segments. At the construction site, fitters only need put the segments together. Electricians do not necessarily need to be used for this activity.

Connectors also simplify the handling of the interior areas of WT power cabinets. Instead of the usual fixed wiring, we recommend plug-in solutions from the HARTING series Han® B, Han® Eco, Han® Com, Han® E and

Han Modular®. In all scenarios, using plug-in connectors provides convincing proof to users in the form of a reduction in costs and time expenditure. Connectors speed up installation and increase the modularity of a wind turbine, reduce investment and operating costs, and provide options for the optimisation and modularisation of the power cabinets. In addition, without a modular design the on-site logistics of onshore plants with an average output of 3.3 MW – including connectors – would quickly reach their limits. As a rule, the cost associated with the use of plug-in connectors is usually amortised within just a few years in the form of cost and time savings.

In addition, HARTING produces LED lighting systems as turnkey system solutions with pluggable device connection, pre-assembled cables, distribution units and, if required, uninterrupted power supply.

Lights can be sited in a plant in such a way that their total number remains low and energy costs decrease.

HARTING also offers high-precision current transformers for metering for WT which can be used to connect display devices such as current meters and voltage meters. On request, HARTING can also have its current transformers for metering specially calibrated by a state-approved body in order to further boost the precision of a metering and billing process that employs the devices.

With its innovative products and solutions, the HARTING Technology Group is a partner to the wind industry and is contributing to the energy transformation. HARTING researches and produces – partly autonomously, partly in cooperation with wind turbine manufacturers – concepts, components and customised offers for the specific requirements of wind turbines on land and at sea. The company focuses heavily on connector solutions for the increasing digitisation of plants, among other in the areas of fiber optics and sensor technology. harTiNG ElECTriC Gmbh & Co. kG www.harting.com

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29

PrOduCT NEWS

Test & Measurement from RS Components Test and measurement is one of the more valued categories in electronics and another work fields, but it’s said that it’s not the most glamorous. The simple matter of it all is, if you cannot assure yourself and potential customers that your latest design works well, then it’s not worth anything really.

And if your design does fail to work, how do you find out exactly what is wrong with it?

From test leads to oscilloscopes, you can find a vast array of test and measurement products at RS. You will also find a wide choice of multimeters, data loggers, including the great value RS-PRO range.

Of course, you should also consider the inspection range, that includes force gauges, feeler gauges and tape measures, while the lab equipment range includes anemometers, gas leakage testers, etc.

RS Pro RSHS800 Series RSHS806 Digital Oscilloscope, Handheld, 2 Channels, 60MHz RS Pro RSHS800 Series handheld digital oscilloscopes provide oscilloscope, multimeter and recorder (including trends and waveform) functions all in one package. The choice of model is between 60 MHz (123-6454), 100 MHz (123-6455), 150 MHz (123-6456) & 200 MHz (123-6457) bandwidths. These instruments offer stable performance combined with high performance. They have the flexibility in use for both workbench and field applications. features and Benefits • Dual-input oscilloscope, multimeter and recorder (including TrendPlot and waveform) in one instrument • Input voltage through BNC up to CATII 300V and CAT III 150V • Standard probe 10X CATII 400 V • Oscilloscope and multimeter safety grade up to CATII 600 V and CAT III 300 V • 5.7 inch TFT colour LCD display • 1GSa/s real-time sampling rate single channel, up to 50GSa/s equivalent sampling rate, 2 Mpts memory depth • RS Stock No.: 123-6454 • With 6000 dots display resolution multimeter provides measurements of DCV, ACV, DCI, • Brand: RS Pro ACI, Resistance, Diode, Capacitance, Continuity • Supports Scope TrendPlot, Meter TrendPlot, Scope Recorder • Trigger modes Automatic , Normal and Single Trigger types: Edge, Pulse, Video, Slope, Alternative • 32 automatic measurements, 3 cursor measure modes • 4 digital filter mode - Low pass, High pass, Band pass, Band limit • Math functions +, - , ´, ÷, FFT operations • Multiple language user interface • Supports USB storage and update, supports PC remote control and PictBridge print • Rechargeable battery pack (compact, portable fit for outdoor operation) • Dimensions 259.5 mm × 163.2 mm × 53.3 mm / Weight 1.5 kg areas of application Outdoor measure. Circuit measure, Wind power, PV power and other new energy equipment test, Automotive electronic/electric automobile test, Electric power system, strong electricity test, Industry scenes electric debug testing and measuring, Education and science research, Quality control Supplied with USB cable, quick start guide, product qualification certificate, multimeter pen (1000 V), 1:1 / 10:1 probe (1 per channel), CD (containing EasyScope PC software), power adapter www.compec.ro Test & Measurement 30

Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

COMPaNiES

RS Pro IT-1 Infrared Thermometer RS Pro IT-1 is an infrared thermometer with a 3 in 1 function of °C/°F convertible infrared temperature measurement, voltage detection and flashlight. features and Benefits • Large-scale LCD display infrared thermometer • Single point laser sighting • Integrated non-contact AC voltage detection 60 V ac → 600 V ac with LCD indication • Ultra-bright white LED torch • Single AAA size battery operation • Pocket clip designed for easy carrying Specifications Absolute Maximum Temperature Measurement Temperature Scale Distance to Spot Ratio Best Accuracy Emissivity Response Time Resolution Response Time Weight / Dimensions

+500°C, +932°F Centigrade, Fahrenheit 8:1 ±1°C, ±2°F 0.95 0.5 s 0.2°C, 0.5°F 0.5 s 40g / 20 mm × 29 mm × 100 mm

www.compec.ro

• RS Stock No.: 123-3250 • Brand: RS Pro

Test & Measurement

RS Pro RS700 Thermal Imaging Camera, Temp Range: -20 → +150°C, -4 → +302°F 80 × 80pixel RS Pro Thermal Imager is an easy to use thermal imager for fast efficient work. The thermal imager combines all the important features for thermographic measurement at an affordable price. The RS700 imager is accurate, fast, reliable and robust enough to withstand tough daily use with useful functions for even better thermal images. features and Benefits • Display: 2.8" LCD, 240 × 320 pixels • IR Resolution: 80 × 80 pixels • Field of view (FOV): 17° × 17° • Image Frequency: 50 Hz • Built in digital camera • Battery Operating Time: Approx. 4 hours • Dimensions L × W × H: 224 × 77 × 96 Specifications Temperature Measurement Range Thermal Sensitivity Field of View H x V Minimum Focus Distance Detector Resolution Accuracy IR/Visual Image Combination Display Size Interface Type Image Storage Other Built-in Measurements Weight Dimensions L x W x D www.compec.ro www.international.electronica-azi.ro

-20 → +150°C, -4 → +302°F 100mK 17 x 17° 0.1m 80 × 80pixel ±2 % IR-Fusion 2.8in HDMI, Mini USB, WiFi Micro SD Card Distance < 500 (with Battery)g 96 mm × 77 mm × 224 mm

• RS Stock No.: 136-5667 • Brand: RS Pro • Mfr. Part No.: RS700 Test & Measurement 31

PrOduCT NEWS RS Pro RS14 Digital Multimeter, RS380 Clampmeter, RS42 Digital Thermometer Multimeter Kit rS Pro rS14 digital Multimeter, rS380 Clamp Meter and rS42 Thermometer kit: Save money when you buy the RS Pro S14 Digital Multimeter, RS380 Clamp Meter and the RS42 Thermometer Kit together in this great value bundle. rS Pro rS14 Compact Multimeter auto ranging (Stock No. 123-1938) This great value, compact, auto ranging multimeter is CAT III rated for 600V. It has a robust double-moulded plastic housing and oversized high contrast 2000 Counts LCD display. features and Benefits • 2000 Counts LCD backlit display with function indication • Voltage 600V ac/dc • Current 10A ac/dc • Insulation Class 2, double insulation • Auto ranging and data hold • MAX hold • Diode Check • Auto Power Off (approximately 15 minutes) • Double-moulded plastic housing • EN61010-1 CAT III 600V • Supplied with test leads, type K temperature probe, 9V battery and user manual rS Pro rS380 Compact aC autoranging Clampmeter (Stock No. 123-1935) RS380 is a great value clamp meter which fulfils all the requirements for safe AC current measurement.

Its small body and jaws can access and test in tightly constrained locations.

• RS Stock No.: 144-6601 features and Benefits • Brand: RS Pro • 400A AC Current Measurement • Mfr. Part No.: RS14/RS380/RS42 • Jaw opening 30 mm (approximately 1.2") • 2000 Counts LCD display • Data Hold • Auto Power Off • Low battery indication • Non-contact voltage detection • Voltage Detection Range: 100V - 600V • Continuity checks Threshold < 150Ω, test current < 0.5mA • Overvoltage Category III 600V • Supplied with test leads, carrying case, temperature probe, AAA 1.5V batteries × 2 and user manual rS Pro rS42 Thermometer Type k Thermocouple (Stock No. 123-1937) RS42 is a great value, dual input, portable, compact digital thermometer. It is designed to use external K-type thermocouples as temperature sensors. Temperature indication follows National Bureau of Standards and IEC584 temperature/voltage tables for K-type thermocouples. features and Benefits • 3 digit backlit LCD display with maximum reading 1999 • Type K thermometer with dual inputs direct or differential measurements • User Selectable Temperature Scales (°C or °F) • User Selectable Resolution • Uses K type Thermocouple • Dual Thermocouple input • Wide variety of interchangeable thermocouple probes • Max Hold / Data Hold • Differential Temperature (T1-T2) • SCAN Function (T1, T2, T1-T2, MAX. HOLD.) • Backlit LCD Display • Auto Power Off • Supplied with K-type thermocouple bead probe 1.2 m, Teflon tape insulated × 2, 9V battery, holster with stand, carrying case and instruction manual www.compec.ro Test & Measurement 32

Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

COMPaNiES

RS Pro ICM139R, RS1327K, RS9010 ICM139 Clampmeter, RS1327K IR Thermometer & RS9010 Phase Rotation Indicator Save money when you buy the ICM139 Clampmeter, RS1327K IR Thermometer and the RS9010 Phase Rotation Indicator together in this great value bundle. rS Pro iCM139r Clampmeter (Stock No. 123-3227) RS Pro ICM139R offers high specification performance in a rugged, low-cost unit. features and Benefits • 4000 Count backlit digital display with analogue bargraph • True RMS reading on ac mode • Nickel Steel alloy jaw mechanism • 1000 A AC-DC current measurement • 1000 V ac/dc voltage measurement • Resistance and continuity beeper < 30Ω • Display hold and Min Max Function • 10 ms peak Hold on ACA and ACV • 51 mm diameter conductor jaw capacity • Complies with EN61010 CAT IV 600V / CAT III 1000V rS Pro remote Temperature Measurement (Non-Contact) infrared/k Thermometer (Stock No. 123-2217) RS Pro 1327K is a pocket-sized, easy-to-use pistol grip IR thermometer. It enables temperature measurement by Infrared non-contact or by using a plug-in type-K thermocouple probe. The Infrared mode does not rely on physical contact with the object which is to have its temperature taken, but measures the radiated infrared energy emanating from the object.

The thermocouple connector accepts a standard liquid, air or surface thermocouple probe, as required to suit the application. The Liquid Crystal Display has a backlight function which can assist measurements made in dark places. Other features include reading auto-hold, auto power-off, maximum and minimum readings, alarm levels and adjustable emissivity. features and Benefits • IR mode measuring range -35°C to +500°C • Type K measuring range -150°C to +1350°C • Data memory (50 measurements) and read function from LCD display • Selectable C° / F° display • Sighting by Laser marker < 1 mW (Class 2) rS Pro rS9010 Phase rotation indicator lCd (Stock No. 123-1933) RS Pro RS9010 is a great value hand held instrument designed to detect the rotary field of 3 phase systems. features and Benefits • Nominal Voltage: 40V to 690V ac • Frequency Range: 15Hz to 400Hz • Current Pickup: 1mA, Nominal test current (per phase) 1mA • Electrical safety IEC61010/EN61010, IEC61557-7/EN61557-7 • Protection level CAT III 600 V to ground • Protection to IP40 • Operating temperature 0°C to 40°C • 3 Phase indication • Indication of the phase rotation direction www.compec.ro www.international.electronica-azi.ro

• RS Stock No.: 144-6604 • Brand: RS Pro • Mfr. Part No.: ICM139R/1327K/RS9010

Test & Measurement 33

PrOduCT NEWS RS Pro ICM20 Clampmeter, IDM20 Digital Multimeter Kit rS Pro idM20 Pocket Multimeter (Stock No. 123-1930) The RS Pro IDM20 is a great value pocket digital multimeter with double-moulded plastic housing and a large, high contrast 4000 Counts LCD display. Features include non-contact detection and flashlight. features and Benefits • Pocket size digital multimeter, 3 digit, 4000 Count LCD display • Data Hold, Resistance & capacitance measurement, Frequency, duty cycle measurement, Diode & continuity check, Built-in non-contact AC voltage detector plus flashlight • Autoranging with auto power off • Low battery indication: “BAT” symbol indicates low battery condition • 200 mA resettable fused current range • Double-moulded housing, Dimensions 104 mm × 55 mm × 32.5 mm, Weight 145 g • EN61010-1 CAT IV 600V / CAT III 1000V • Supplied with integral test leads, AAA batteries 1.5 V ×2 and user manual rS Pro iCM20 Current Clampmeter (Stock No. 123-3230) RS Pro ICM20 current clamp meter designed for safe, non-intrusive AC current measurement up to 400 Amps features and Benefits • 2000 Count Large-scale LCD display • AC current measuring up to 400 Amps • Data Hold, Max Hold, Easy battery replacement, 27mm dia. conductor size • Safety to EN61010-1 CAT. III 600V • Supplied with PP3 battery (installed), manual and carrying case www.compec.ro

• RS Stock No.: 144-6602 • Brand: RS Pro • Mfr. Part No.: IDM20/ICM20 Test & Measurement

RS Pro Digital Bench Power Supply, 4 Output 0 → 15V, 0 → 5V, 2 × 0 → 32V RS Pro RPE Series is a range of cutting edge, economical linear DC power supplies. It offers output power from 192 to 217 watts, depending on choice of model. Series features include high resolution, low noise, reliability and compact size. A unique built-in digital panel control provides functionalities which include set view and key lock. The key lock function protects DUTs by preventing others from changing voltage and current parameters. Output key light helps users clearly read the operational status of power supply. In addition to independent output channels, RS Pro RPE Series provides automatic tracking series and parallel connection functionality. The series and parallel connections allow power supplies to output 32 V / 6 A (parallel connection) and 64 V / 3 A (series connection). The CH1 and CH2 of models RPE2323, RPE-3323 and RPE-4323 operate the series and parallel connection function.

The Output ON/OFF function prevents DUTs from damage that may be caused by the pre-output when connecting a DUT with a power supply. Operators must pre-set voltage and current parameters and ensure that all connections are correct. Then, using manual control on the front panel, they can activate the Output ON/OFF.

• RS Stock No.: 122-5035 • Brand: RS Pro

features and Benefits • 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 independent isolated output (depending on choice of model • 4.3-inch LCD Display • Setting and read-back resolution 100mV / 10mA (for higher resolution 10mV / 1mA see setting procedure in user manual) • Output ON / OFF • Analog Control (Remote I/O) for Output ON / OFF • Set View function for checking an original V / I setting during Output ON • Key lock function • Tracking series and parallel operation • Smart cooling fan achieves low noise • Dimensions 210 mm × 155 mm × 306 mm. Weight 7 kg www.compec.ro 34

Test & Measurement Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

COMPaNiES

RS Pro Arbitrary Waveform Generator 80MHz RS Pro RSDG2000X Series function/arbitrary waveform generators represent great value while also offering innovative features. The proprietary TrueArb & EasyPulse techniques help resolve weaknesses of traditional DDS generators when generating arbitrary, square and pulse waveforms. Using these techniques RSDG2000X can provide users with a variety of high fidelity, low jitter signals to meet the ever-growing demand for more complex and extensive applications. features and Benefits • Dual-channel function/arbitrary waveform generator • 40 MHz, 80 MHz or 120 MHz bandwidth (depending on choice of model) • 20 Vpp maximum output amplitude • High fidelity output with 80 dB dynamic range • High-performance sampling system with 1.2 GSa/s sampling rate and 16-bit vertical resolution (no detail in waveforms will be lost) • RS Stock No.: 123-6461 • Innovative TrueArb technology, based on point-by-point architecture, supports any 8 pts ∼ 8 • Brand: RS Pro • Mpts Arb waveform with sampling rate in range 1 μSa/s ∼ 75 Msa/s • Innovative EasyPulse technology, capable of generating lower jitter Square or Pulse waveforms, brings wide range and high precision in pulse width and rise/fall times adjustment • Analog and digital modulation types AM, DSB-AM, FM, PM, PSK, FSK, ASK, PWM • Sweep and Burst function, Harmonics mode supported • 196 built-in arbitrary waveforms • High precision Frequency Counter • Standard interfaces USB Device, USB Host, LAN (VXI-11) • 4.3 inch touch screen display for easier operation • Dimensions 260.3 mm × 107.2 mm × 295.7 mm / Weight 4.42 kg • Supplied with quick start guide, power cord, BNC coaxial cable, CD (including datasheet and application software package). www.compec.ro

Test & Measurement

RS Pro Thermohygrometer, +100 °C, +212 °F The device is a triple tier LCD displays combined barometric pressure, temperature and relative humidity.

Other readings consist of: dew point, wet bulb temperature, absolute humidity, mixing ratio, enthalpy, water vapour and saturation pressure, barometric pressure trend and tendency, heat index and humidex. functions: Maximum and minimum readings with time stamp, Comparator function, Alarm output function, Auto power-off function, Data hold, Manual data memory and read.

Specifications Absolute Maximum Temperature Measurement Maximum Humidity Measurement Best Temperature Measurement Accuracy Temperature Measurement Resolution Best Humidity Measurement Accuracy Humidity Measurement Resolution Dewpoint Measurement Functions Interface Type Minimum Operating Temperature Maximum Operating Temperature Weight www.compec.ro

+100°C, +212°F 100%RH ±0.4°C, ±0.8°F 0.1°C, 0.1°F ±3 %RH 0.1%RH Yes Alarm, Comparator, Data Hold USB 0°C +60°C 178g

• RS Stock No.: 127-8296 • Brand: RS Pro Test & Measurement aurocon Compec www.compec.ro

www.international.electronica-azi.ro

35

AUTOMATION Position and motion sensors Programmable encoders 2.0 n Provide both incremental and absolute encoder functions on a common hardware platform n Are available in a vast range of mechanical configurations and connector types – literally thousands of models are offered n Are available in very compact 36 mm versions – small enough to fit in the palm of your hand! n Are supported by comprehensive configuration management tools that can be accessed by end users over the full working life of the encoder n Can be programmed by any WiFi-enabled electronic device

unique combination: n State of the art multi-turn technology n Wide range of interfaces n High resolution and high accuracy n Compact and robust construction n No battery, no gearing – no maintenance n Full programmability iXarC Incremental and Absolute Encoders

TilTiX Inclination Sensors

liNariX Draw Wire Sensors logistics benefits with uBifaST configuration tool: n Reduced Stocks & Simplified Supply Chain n Lower shipping costs n Shorter Downtime n Flexibility (Electrical: HTL/TTL)

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Electronica Azi International | 1/2018

AUTOMATION It’s now easier than ever to read codes!

Gapless traceability of your products from production to the customer is getting increasingly more relevant. Whether it is allergen management of foodstuffs, feed-in checks in the pharmaceutical industry, shipping label checks in the packaging industry or product quality checks in the electronics industry - the essential ingredient is fast and reliable identification of 1D- and 2D-codes.

The new DCR 200i dual code reader combines easy handling and high reading performance – even with demanding reading tasks and thus supports: n Identification - ensuring that the label was printed with product/bar code and/or Data Matrix code. n Track and trace - traceability of ingredients and packed products during production. do you set value on simple and fast commissioning?

A wizard integrated in the WebConfig tool guides you quickly and easily through the setup process and simplifies commissioning. For simple applications, the DCR 200i can also be set up for the reading task without a PC using just two buttons on the device and a smartphone app.

are you looking for an attractively priced bar code reader that can do just what you need?

Thanks to the modular design, the DCR 200i is exactly adapted to the requirements of your application with respect to function range and power. do you have to be able to read codes on a variety of materials?

Interfering reflections can be reduced thanks to exchangeable polarization filters and diffusor foils. do you have to be able to reliably detect at high object speeds and different base materials?

High reading performance and powerful LED illumination enable a good reading result even at high object speeds or partially damaged codes. www.oboyle.ro

AUTOMATION Reliable detection of transparent objects; Photoelectric sensor uses UV light When it comes to detecting transparent objects, the limits of conventional photoelectric sensors are soon apparent. Since clear glass or plastic absorb only a small amount of light, there is little difference between emitted and received light levels. As a result, switching signals may be unclear. Contamination by dust or moisture on the lens – unavoidable in many areas of application – can lead to counting errors. Until now, such problems have been mitigated through the use of complex algorithms in the controller or by constant fine adjustment. A new approach offers a solution.

The Contrinex TRU-C23 photoelectric sensor is ideally suited for the presence control of transparent objects. Its technology uses UV light. Since transparent materials like plastic or glass absorb large amounts of polarized UV light, it is very easy to set the threshold at which the sensor switches. This makes commissioning much easier.

The shape or thickness of the target has no influence on detection.

In addition, sensor performance is unaffected by dirt, water drops or aging. Multiple switching for the same object is eliminated.

The sensor system comprises an LED that emits polarized UV light

and a reflector made of special materials suitable for UV. Overall, the sensor’s operating range is around 1000 mm. Special optics with autocollimation ensure reliable detection and no blind zone, even close to the sensor or through a small notch. The housing, which is only 30 × 20 × 10 mm, is compatible with the entire C23 series as well as comparable devices. The IO-Link interface also provides the important additional benefit of remote commissioning, diagnostics and parameterization as standard and at no extra cost. The sensor is Ecolab tested and approved, rated to IP67 and reliably withstands common industrial cleaning processes.

Versatile family For applications requiring the detection of thicker or larger transparent objects, the C23 Transparent Standard can be the ideal solution. It operates with polarized, red light and has a maximum operating range up to 2500 mm. This new sensor provides a highly favorable price-performance ratio. The entire C23 family of photoelectric sensors, which offers solutions for a wide variety of applications, can also be viewed at this exhibition. Typical fields of application for the two newest members of the family can be found in the food, pharmaceutical and packaging industries, for example when filling glass or plastic bottles, packing in plastic or when the detection of clear packaging film is required. www.oboyle.ro

AUTOMATION MSI 400 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Now with function blocks to control presses The new generation of safety control MSI 400 offers efficient solutions for versatile application in machine and system construction.

Special function modules now also support the use on mechanical and hydraulic presses.

Together with the Leuze electronic safety sensors, the perfectly matched safety components make complete safety-related automation solutions possible for every machine type.

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Three control modules Modularly expandable to 168 inputs/outputs Flexible connection units Industrial Ethernet protocols Integrated USB and ETH interfaces Fieldbus gateways

Program efficiently The corresponding programming tool, MSI.designer, offers an intuitive working environment: Simple configuration is possible at the click of a mouse. www.oboyle.ro

AUTOMATION A good color mark sensor independently recognizes when it needs to switch During the development of our KRT 18B color mark sensor, we placed special emphasis on ease-of-use. The sensor can be taught-in using two simple buttons on the rear side of the device, independently determines the optimal switching threshold and adjusts this to the changing circumstances again and again, even in operation, using the integrated tracking function.

Because your system needs to run! The new KRT 18B contrast sensor combines usability with high performance: n Multicolor: Flexibility due to the best contrast with three colors n Models with teach buttons and potentiometers for simple switching point adjustment n Self-adjusting bar graph for the display of signal quality for optimal adjustment n Simple change over of multiple stored configurations via IO-Link n Automatic sensitivity readjustment for fading marks n Attractive, space-saving metal housing n Easy-to-use with alignment aid included n High switching frequency up to 15/22kHz n Degree of protection IP 67 and IP69K with ECOLAB do you need your color mark sensor to automatically recognize and readjust changes in contrast?

The integrated tracking function readjusts the switching threshold automatically for changing contrasts. This makes manual corrections unnecessary and increases system availability.

Would you like to parameterize your sensor and query status information by means of controller?

All KRT 18B sensors are equipped with a dual channel IO-Link interface. Due to its two channels, it can be conveniently configured from the controller, and fault messages can also be transmitted in the other direction to the controller, for example.

Would you like to see where the sensorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s switching points are?

A large, easily accessible bar graph indicator on the back of the device shows the switching point when setting up and also in operation, regardless of whether the device has teach-in buttons or a potentiometer. This provides information about the functional reliability at all times. are you looking for a sensor which has the optimal light color available for all conceivable color marks?

The KRT 18B provides three freely selectable light colors (red, green, blue) of each type and independently determines the optimal adjustment for every mark/background combination and increases the machine's flexibility. www.oboyle.ro