Inferences
NTU LEARNING HUB
AUROVILLE CENTRAL LIBRARY
NORTHAMPTON LEARNING HUB
IIMB LEARNING HUB
ARC
INFERENCES
Country
Singapore
India
United Kingdom
India
Singapore
The Thesis Project will be located India
City
Singapore
Pondicherry
Northampton
Bangalore
Singapore
Nagercoil, KK, Tamil Nadu
Climate
Warm & Humid
Warm & Humid
Warm & Temperate
Tropical Savannah
Warm & Humid
Warm & Humid
Site Area
3,833.02 m² / 1 Acre
3,140.36 m² / 0.8 Acre
11,106.57 m² / 2.8 Acre
7,417.87 m² / 1.8 Acre
7,010.49 m² / 1.7 Acre
Built Up Area
14,000 m²
630 m²
20,000 m²
4800 m²
17,200 m²
Serving to
5000
400
14,000
1000
5000
Site Level
The Site level design has to be planned based on Orientation to minimise Solar Heat Gain and maximise ventilation through passive strategies The Views have to be taken into consideration while designing the openings into the exterior The local vegetation and existing trees have to be preserved as much as possible.
Site Plan / Ground Floor Plan
Entrances de ned by elements such as Cafes, Social Spaces, Courtyards, Green Spaces Landscape integrated with the planning to being nature indoors According to the Climate orienting the longer sides to accommodate natural daylight while reducing solar heat gain.
Daylighting
Daylighting through Central Atriums, North Light Trusses. Clerestory Windows, Horizontal Long Windows, Recessed Openings, Skylights Daylighting, Passive Strategies and Acoustics have to go hand in hand while designing.
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JBRAC, Environmental Design Thesis Esther Kiruba 19171NB002
SUSTAINABLE LEARNING HUB with special study on Daylighting in Libraries
INFERENCES
Comparative Analysis of Studies
NTU LEARNING HUB
AUROVILLE CENTRAL LIBRARY
NORTHAMPTON LEARNING HUB
IIMB LEARNING HUB
ARC
INFERENCES
Facades
Facades have to be optimised to make sure that the fenestration is according to the required standards (WWR 40%) and the vegetation is placed according to climate need and shading Most importantly the Facades have to be designed to reduce Solar Heat Gain The Materials chosen should resonate with the local environment.
Energy Use
Energy Ef cient design with the help of proper orientation, natural ventilation, natural daylight maximisation and special VFDs and custom HVAC.
Energy Ef ciency through natural materials and building techniques incorporated with natural passive techniques like cross ventilation and convective cooling.
On Site Energy Ef ciency with the help of smart systems help reducing energy usage and carbon footprint.
On Site energy systems such as parabolic solar panels and solar PV cells helps in reducing energy usage and costs.
Completely self suf cient with no mechanical ventilation.
Smart Solutions and Passive Techniques incorporated in design at site and building level will help in reduction of energy use.
Planning
The Planning has to resonate with the surroundings and at the same time designed to be cost ef cient, naturally lit and ventilated except in the required spaces Spatial Planning has to in accordance to the capacity Interactive spaces can be designed as common spaces and even within circulation spaces.
Shading
Concrete Pre Cast Components tapered from top to bottom acts as mutual shading.
Projected Sun Shades and Recessed Windows help in shielding from the harsh daylight.
To maximise solar heat gain, the shading devices are not designed.
Recessed Windows with Box projections Projected shading components and help in shading the interiors. curtain wall.
Structure
Recessed Windows with projected Shading Devices, Louvres and Sashes to help in ventilation.
Longer Spans can be scaled with the help of trusses Central Spaces like atriums and courtyards can be designed with columns Rammed Earth Walls can be used with Concrete Support systems to help in both cost ef ciency and micro climate control.
Materials
Precast Concrete Slabs used with rough textures.
Rammed Earth Brick Walls with Concrete Concrete structure with maximum glass support system and aluminium and steel fenestration. for the roof system,
Fly Ash Bricks with concrete support system.
Aluminum, concrete
Special Features
Cost Effective materials to be used to sensible support system materials for sustainability.
Courtyards can be designed with the built up spaces to bring in the vegetation and can help in natural lighting and ventilation as well Common spaces can be designed as larger volumes to let in daylighting as well as acting as social spaces Balconies can be designed as common spaces in the corners of the building Spaces that require Air Conditioning can be designed as glass enclosures. This helps in keeping out the dust as well.
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JBRAC, Environmental Design Thesis Esther Kiruba 19171NB002
SUSTAINABLE LEARNING HUB with special study on Daylighting in Libraries
INFERENCES
Comparative Analysis of Studies
The Hive
Auroville Central Library
Northampton Learning Hub
IIMB Learning Hub
ARC
Standard
Project
No. of Floors
Site Area
3,833.02 m² / 1 Acre
3,140.36 m² / 0.8 Acre
11,106.57 m² / 2.8 Acre
7,417.87 m² / 1.8 Acre
7,010.49 m² / 1.7 Acre
Min 2000 m²
Built Up Area
14,000 m²
630 m²
20,000 m²
4800 m²
17,200 m²
-
Max. Capacity
5000
400
7500
1000
5000
-
5000
OSR
30%
50%
30%
30%
40%
50%
50%
Entrance & Lounge
100 m²
50 m²
200 m²
100 m²
500 m²
1.43 m²/person
1000 m²
1
Reading Area
1000 m²
100 m²
5000 m²
750 m²
-
3.73 m²/person
3000 m²
2
Stacks
500 m²
500 m²
7500 m²
500 m²
-
2.13 m²/person
1500 m²
2
Archives
-
-
500 m²
200 m²
-
0.8 m²/person
400 m²
2
Digital Centre
500 m²
50 m²
750 m²
500 m²
6 m²/person
600 m²
1
Discussion Rooms
7000 m²
-
3000 m²
500 m²
12000 m²
5 m²/person
5000 m²
2
Administration
500 m²
50 m²
500 m²
450 m²
500 m²
3 m²/person
500 m²
2
Of ice & Retiring Rooms
500 m²
50 m²
400 m²
500 m²
500 m²
3 m²/person
100 m²
2
Cafe
1000 m²
-
1000 m²
-
500 m²
1.2 m²/person
1000 m²
2
Pantry & Kitchen
500 m²
-
500 m²
-
-
0.8 m²/person
400 m²
1
Visitor Centre
-
-
-
-
-
1 m²/person
1000 m²
2
Exhibition Centre
-
-
-
-
500 m²
3 m²/person
1500 m²
1
Auditorium
-
-
-
500 m²
-
3 m²/person
1500 m²
1
Toilets
320 m² (64 No.s)
10 m² (2 No.s)
400 m² (80 No.s)
None inside the Building
200 m² (40 No.s)
Parking
Offsite
Offsite
Offsite
Offsite
Offsite
1/92 m²
50% inclusive of
50% inclusive of social spaces
50% inclusive of social spaces
40% inclusive of social spaces
50% inclusive of social spaces
Min. 10% exclusively
Calculated at Single floor 8 Acres, Double Floor 5
Circulation
social spaces
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JBRAC, Environmental Design Thesis Esther Kiruba 19171NB002
Universal Design 3.5% of Total + 5 m² per cubicle
Acres Calculated at (16600+1660+630) 19000m²
630 m² 206 1660 m²
Brawner, L. B., & Beck, D. K., Jr. (1996). Determining Your Public Library’s Future Size: A Needs Assessment and Planning Model. Amer Library Assn.
SUSTAINABLE LEARNING HUB with special study on Daylighting in Libraries
INFERENCES
Comparative Area Statement
Strategy
Used in
Materials
Pros
Cons
Suitability
Light Shelves
National Library, Singapore
Aluminum, Glass
Upto 2.5 Times the opening Light exposure to interiors
High Solar Heat Gain
Can be designed with a shading device to shade
Clerestory Window
Auroville Central Library
Glass
Filters harsh light and softens it into the spaces
Openings unreachable.
Can be designed to operable and connected to BMS
North Light Truss
Auroville Central Library
Stainless Steel , Aluminium sheets
Allows iltered indirect light into spaces.
Openings unreachable.
Should be designed with operable openings or maintenance walkway.
Underground Lighting
Lilavati Library
Concrete, Glass
Can utilise the natural light through trenches around the structure
Maintenance might be a problem.
Can be used in conjunction with circulation spaces designed around the trenches and retaining wall area and add green elements.
Courtyard
ARC, Singapore
Concrete
Increases green density and allows low of natural breeze.
Might be a security concern
It is a very e icient design strategy for lights, ventilation and social space integration in Hot & Humid climate areas.
Balconies
The Hive, Singapore
Concrete
Open Spaces that can be a green space
Safety concern at higher levels.
Can be managed at safe heights to maximise natural ventilation and lighting.
Atrium
IIMG Learning Hub, Bangalore
Concrete
Large space that can bring non light and act as social space
Can age a huge volume.
Integrating common spaces into the atrium and landscaping will help in utilising the potential.
Curtain Wall
ARC, Singapore
Alumnium
Light Weight and allows natural ventilation
Expensive
Can be limited to facades having natural breeze pattern.
Skylight
West Berkley Library, California
Glass
Uses the advantage of light from the sky directly above the spaces
When ixed can cause a problem of direct harsh light
Should be designed as operable and connected to BMS
Louvres
National Library, Singapore
Aluminium, Glass
Shading and redirecting Light
Can be restrictive.
Can be designed to operable and connected to BMS
Double Recessed Fenstration
Creative and Design Center, Thailand
Glass, Stainless Steel
Cavity can be used in Circulation
Double Glass Enclosure can increase SHG
Can be designed by reducing amount of glass in the exterior.
Low E Curtain Wall
West Berkley Library, California
Glass, Gases, Stainless Steel
Reduces SHG
Expensive
Can be used in the Southern and South Western Facades
Recessed Fenestration
Yogananda Library, Solan
Glass, Concrete
Allows Indirect Light into spaces
Requires more space
The Spaces that are used as bu er can be turned into circulation or common social spaces
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JBRAC, Environmental Design Thesis Esther Kiruba 19171NB002
SUSTAINABLE LEARNING HUB with special study on Daylighting in Libraries
INFERENCES
Best Daylighting Strategies
Area
Accessibility
Natural Daylight
Conditioned/Unconditioned
Site Area
Calculated at Single floor 10 Acres, Double Floor 6.5 Acres
Everyone
Built Up Area
Calculated at (17500+1750+650) 19900m²
-
-
-
Unconditioned
Max. Capacity
5000
-
-
-
OSR
50%
-
-
-
Entrance & Lounge
1000 m²
1
Users, Admin, Librarians
Required
Unconditioned
Reading Area
3000 m²
2
Users, Admin, Librarians
Required
Unconditioned
Stacks
1500 m²
2
Users, Admin, Librarians
Required
Mixed Mode
Archives
400 m²
2
Admin, Librarians
Not Mandatory
Conditioned
Digital Centre
600 m²
1
Users, Admin, Librarians
Mixed
Conditioned
Discussion Rooms
5000 m²
2
Users
Required
Mixed Mode
Administration
500 m²
2
Admin, Librarians
Required
Unconditioned
Of ice & Retiring Rooms
100 m²
2
Admin, Librarians
Required
Unconditioned
Cafe & Restaurant
1000 m²
2
Users, Admin, Librarians
Required
Unconditioned
Pantry & Kitchen
400 m²
1
Services
Not Mandatory
Unconditioned
Visitor Centre
1000 m²
2
Users
Required
Unconditioned
Exhibition Centre
1500 m²
1
Users
Required
Unconditioned
Auditorium
1500 m²
1
Users
Not Required
Conditioned
Everyone
Not Required
Conditioned
Toilets
650 m²
Parking
210
Everyone
Not Required
Unconditioned
Circulation
1750 m²
Everyone
Required
Mixed Mode
JBRAC, Environmental Design Thesis Esther Kiruba 19171NB002 f
No. of Floors
SUSTAINABLE LEARNING HUB with special study on Daylighting in Libraries
INFERENCES
Design Program
The Hive
Auroville Library
Northampton Learning Hub
IIMB Learning Hub
Standards
Site Area
3,833.02 m² (1 Acre)
3,140.36 m² (0.8 Acre)
11,106.57 m² (2.8 Acre)
7,417.87 m² (1.8 Acre)
Min. 2000 m²
Built Up Area
14,000 m²
630 m²
20,000 m²
4800 m²
-
17500 m² (15090 m² + 1509 m² =850 m²)
12
Ground Cover 9680 m²
Open Space Ratio
21%
50%
32%
46%
50%
50%
-
-
Serving upto
33,000
630
14,000
1000
Per Person
5000
-
-
Parking
O site
O site
O site
O site
1 Parking/92 m²
190
-
-
Entrance
250 m²
Min. 75 m²
200 m²
1
200 m²
66 m²
650 m²
100 m²
Lounge
94 m²
200 m²
3 m²/person
400 m²
1
400 m²
Reading Area
100 m²
80 m²
700 m²
1.2 m²/person
450 m²
2
225 m²
Stacks
100 m²
220 m²
1000 m²
2.8 m²/person
5000 m²
2
2500 m²
500 m²
1 m²/person
500 m²
1
500 m²
700 m²
2.8 m²/person
1400 m²
2
700 m²
500 m²
2 m²/person
500 m²
2
250 m²
Archives Digital Area
100 m²
Discussion Rooms
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Min. 10430 m² (2.5 Acre)
400 m²
500 m²
2 m²/person
500 m²
2
250 m²
Work Stations
50 m²
1000 m²
200 m²
3 m²/person
1500 m² (50)
2
750 m²
Children’s Play Area
-
30 m²
200 m²
-
Min. 20 m²
100 m²
1
100 m²
Kitchen / Pantry
10 m²
1 m²/person (40%)
100 m²
1
100 m²
-
700 m²
-
Catering Area
-
-
1.5 m²/person (60%)
150 m²
1
150 m²
Of ice
400 m²
200 m²
300 m²
2
150 m²
Librarian Room
100 m²
100 m²
100 m²
1
100 m²
500 m²
300 m²
100 m²
1
100 m²
Retiring Room
600 m²
-
100 m²
1
100 m²
Staff Room
500 m²
300 m²
2
150 m²
Min. 20 m²
50 m²
1
50 m²
Visitors Centre
15 m²/person
650 m²
1
650 m²
Exhibition Space
1.8 m²/person
720 m²
2
360 m²
Auditorium
1.8 m²/person
720 m²
1
720 m²
100 m²
20 m²
105 m²
10 m²
50 m²
50 m²
Min. 325 m²
Cafe
15 m²
-
400 m²
-
1.5 m²
750 m²
1
750 m²
Toilets
90 m² (8/Floor)
30 m² (2)
100 m² (10/Floor)
O site
5% of Total Area
850 m²
2
425 m²
Circulation
60%
50%
50%
30%
Exclusive 10% of Total Area
1509 m²
-
-
JBRAC, Environmental Design Thesis Esther Kiruba 19171NB002 ff
Area /Floor
75 m²/ Room
Security Centre
ff
450 m²
Floors
Learning Rooms
Meeting Room
-
5000 m²
Project
SUSTAINABLE LEARNING HUB with special study on Daylighting in Libraries
INFERENCES
Comparative Area Analysis