Study of PJCC & St Mary

R e l i q u e sd e l ' h i s t o i r e A BOOKLET OF THE STUDY OF PETALING JAYA CIVIC CENTER AND ST M ARY’S CATHEDRAL

PJCC ARCHI TECTURAL STYLE

GROUP AND ACKNOW LEDGEMENTS

4 STRUCTURE

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BRUTALI SM

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PJCC AND BRUTALI SM

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PJCC ELEMENTS & PRI NCI PLES

8

PJCC HI STORY

PJCC BUI LDI NG COMPONENTS

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PJCC CI RCULATI ON

PJCC I NTRO

CO NTENT

COMPONENTS & ELEMENTS

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12

ST MARY ARCHI TECTURAL STYLE GOTHI C

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ST MARY AND GOTHI C

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ST MARY BUI LDI NG COMPONENTS STRUCTURE

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ST MARY ELEMENTS & PRI NCI PLES

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REFERENCES

ST MARY HI STORY

ST MARY CI RCULATI ON

ST MARY I NTRO

13 COMPONENTS & ELEMENTS

COMPARI SONS OF PJCC AND ST MARY

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20 ??

21

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ACKNOW LEDGEM ENTS SCHOOLOFARCHI TECTURE,BUI LDI NG & DESI GN Bachel orofSci ence( Honour s )i nAr chi t ect ur e ARCHI TECTUREHI STORY&THEORY[ ARC60804] Pr oj ect2:Compar a veAnal ys i sRepor t 4

A CK N O W LED G EM EN TS

Gr oupMember s : Et hanLaiKai Xi an

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Gabr i elWongKaMeng T anJ unJ i n L eeJ unMeng Kua yThangChu LauChongHee NgJ i aXun

0338327 0338810 0328317 0348463 0338633

YeapJ i aMi

0338828 0337623

MohamedAi kJ unai dh Li m Yi ngXi n

0337624 0337681

Spec i al Thankst o:

PJCI VI CCENTRE

PETALI NGJ AYACI VI CCENTRE( PJ CC)ormor ec ommonl yknownasDewanSi vi ki sl oc at ed i nJ al anYongShookLi n,Pet al i ngJ a ya,Sel angor .Des i gnedbyDat o’ Ki ngt onL oowhowasone oft hef ew t hati nt r oduc edmoder ni s mi nt oMal a ys i ai nt hewak eofWor l dWarI I ,i twasbui l t i nbet weent heyear s1973t o1978,t aki ngupat ot alof5year sal ongt hec our s eofi t ’ sc ons t r uc on.

5

Thi sbui l di ngwor t hRM4mi l l i oni smai nl ybui l tf r om c onc r et et or ei nf or c et hei deaand pur pos eofbr ut al i s m.

Asi tac t smai nl yasac i vi cc ent r e,i tc ont ai nsmanyf ac i l iess uc has ,an audi t or i um,banquethal landac onf er enc ehal lt oenc our agegat her i ngsofmember soft he

DATO’KI NGTON LOO ( 17Oc t ober1930-21Mar c h2003)

Dat o’ Ki ngt onL oowass eenasoneoft hevi s i onar i eswhoi nt r oduc ed br ut al i s m andmoder ni s mi nt oMal a ys i a.

Ashewasf or c edt ol i vei n Mal a ys i adur i ngt he mesoft heJ apanes ei nvas i on,heandhi sf ami l y hadt omovear oundt hewor l dt opl ac esl i k eI ndi a,t heUSand Si ngapor e,ashi sf at hera empt edt ohel pt hef ami l ys ur vi ve.

When t hewarended,hec on nuedhi ss t udi esi nAus t r al i a.

Thi swass een ashi smai ns our c eofi ns pi r a onf ort hemoder ni s m movement .

NOTABLEW ORKSBY DATO’KI NGTON LOO

DAYABUMICOMPLEX

UM EXPERI MENTAL THEATER

SUBANGI NTERNATI ONALAI RPORT

PJC C IN T R O D U C T IO N

c ommuni t yi nPet al i ngJ a ya.

ARCHI TECTURALSTYL E

BRUTALI SM / /ˈ br uː t ( ə) l ɪ z( ə) m/ / 1.c r uel t yands a vagenes s 2.as t ar ks t yl eoff unc onal i s tar c hi t ec t ur e,es pec i al l yoft he1950sand1960s , c har ac t er i z edbyt heus eofs t eelandc onc r et ei nmas s i vebl oc ks

6 PJCC A RCH ITECTU RA L STYLE

Outof20t hc ent ur ymoder ni s tmovement ,br ut al i s tar c hi t ec t ur eemer gedi nt he year1950.Mai nl yc har ac t er i s edbyt hei rmas s i ve,unus uals hapes , whi l s tha vi ng r ough,unfini s hedandhea vyl ooki ngappear anc ewi t har i gi dgeomet r i cs t yl e ul i z i ngal otofs t r ai ghtl i nesands mal l wi ndows .

Thet er m“ Br ut al i s m”wass etbyBr is har c hi t ec t sAl i s onandPet erSmi t hs on whi l ei twaspopul ar i s edbyanar c hi t ec t ur alhi s t or i an,ReynarBanham i n1954.

Modul arel ement swer eo enus edt of or m mas s esr epr es en ngc er t ai n f unc onalz onesgr oupedi nt oauni fiedwhol e.Br ut al i s tbui l di ngsi nc l udes mat er i al ss uc hasbr i c ks ,c onc r et e,gl as s ,s t eelandr oughhewns t one.

BRUTALI SM I N MALAYSI A Gai ni ngi ndependanc eon31s tAugus t1957,pr ovedt obeat ur ni ngpoi nti nt he devel opmentofMal a ys i a.Fr om anar c hi t ec t ur als t andpoi nt ,c onc r et et ookover f r om mor et r adionals ubs t anc es ,l i k ebamboo.Fur t her mor e,l oc alar c hi t ec t s wer eei t herbei ngt r ai nedi nt hewes t er nwor l doratl eas t ,t aki ngt hei ri ns pi r aonf r om i t .Kual aL umpurhass ur r oundedmuc hofi t sc ol oni alher i t agewi t ha mas sofc onc r et es t r uc t ur es ,manyofwhi c har ever yBr ut al i s ti nt hei rdes i gn.

Evenmos quesi nMal a ys i as how c har ac t er i sc sofBr ut al i s tandModer ni s t des i gn,l i k et heNa onalMos queofMal a ys i af orexampl e.

HABITAT 67,M ONTREAL,CANADA

ARCHI TECTURALSTYL E PJCC AND BRUTALI SM Pet al i ngJ a yaCi vi cCent r ewasoneoft hemai ni nfluenc esofBr ut al i s tAr c hi t ec t ur e.I twasani c oni cpi ec eofar c hi t ec t ur ei nt he20t hc ent ur yf orMal a ys i a.

At fir s tgl anc e, youwi l ls eeunus uals hapesmadeofhea vyl ooki ngmat er i al s .

The t ext ur ei sr oughandt her ear emanyunfini s heds ur f ac eswi t hs mal l wi ndows .

Thes ear et hef ew c har ac t er i sc st hatc anr epr es entBr ut al i s m.Pet al i ngJ a ya Ci vi cCent r edi s pl a ysmodul arel ement st hatf or m mas s est or epr es ents pec i fic f unc onalz ones .Oneoft hebi gges tc har ac t er i s ct hatr el at et ot heCi vi cCent r e

7

i st hec onc eptofaddionands ubt r ac onoff or ms .I tc anbes eent hatdi ffer ent Maj or i t yofbr ut al i s m ar c hi t ec t ur ear eus ual l ymonoc hr omeduet ot heder i va on ofReynerBanham,us i ngt hephr as ebet onbr ut( " r aw c onc r et e" ) UNUSUALSHAPES

ROUGH BRUTALTEXTURES

Hal fCyl i nder

OvalCyl i nder

SMALLW I NDOW S& MANY MODULAR SHAPES

Tr apezi um For m

PJCC,M AIN

ENTRANCE

PJCC A RCH ITECTU RA L STYLE

f or msar ei nt er l oc k edt oc r eat et hemonol i t hi candmas s i ve" bl oc ky"appear anc e.

BUI L DI NGCOMPONENTS

COMPONENTSAND ELEMENTSOFPJCC ROOF

MAI N LOBBY

-Bui l twi t hc onc r et e -Cons t r uc t edwi t hac ur ves ha pe -Hel psc ool i ng

-Cer a mi c , ma r bl e, gr a ni t ef i ni s hes -Thef l oori sdes i gnedwi t ha nI s l a mi c poi nt eds t a rpl a nl a yout( I s l a mi c Ar c hi t ec t ur eempha s i z ed)

BANQUETHALL

AUDI TORI UM

STAI RCASETOW ER

PJCC BU ILD IN G CO M PO N EN TS

8

-Ti mbers t a ge -St a gewa l l i sc over edwi t haf el tki nd ofma t er i a l -Ti mberpa nel l i ngwa l l a ndc ol umns -Ca r petf l oor i ng

-Fl oors l opewa sc ons t r uc t edwi t ha dec l i net owa r dst hes t a ge( c a r petf l oor i ng) -Ti mberpa nel l i ngwa l l -Cus hi onma t er i a l sont hewa l l ( f ors ound da mpeni ng)

-L oc a t eda tma i nent r a nc e -T os hows ymmet r ya ndba l a nc e t ot hef a c a de -L our ers t eel ha sbeeni ns t a l l ed( f or na t ur a l l i ght i nga ndvent i l a t i on)

BUI L DI NGCOMPONENTS

STRUCTUREOFPJCC STRUCTURE Thes t r uc t ur eoft hePJ CCmai nl yc ons i s t sof3t ypes : REI NFORCED CONCRETE

DEEPFOUNDATI ON

LOAD BEARI NG SYSTEM

9

Pi l ef ounda on,aki ndofdeep

whi c hs t eeli sembeddedi ns uc h

f ounda on,i sac t ual l yas l enderc ol umn

amannert hatt het womat er i al s

orl ongc yl i ndermadeofmat er i al ss uc h

ac tt oget heri nr es i s ngf or c es .

asc onc r et eors t eel whi c har eus edt o

Ther ei nf or c i ngs t eel —r ods ,bar s ,

s uppor tt hes t r uc t ur eandt r ans f ert he

I ti sas t r uc t ur als ys t em wher el oadsof

ormes h—abs or bst het ens i l e,

l oadatdes i r eddept hei t herbyend

bui l di ngsi . e. wei ghtofbui l di ngi t s el fpl us

s hear ,ands ome mest he

bear i ngors ki nf r i c on.

t hel i vel oadsgett r ans f er r edt ot he

ompr es s i ves t r es s esi na c

gr oundt hr oughwal l s .

Wal l sbeart hel oad

c onc r et es t r uc t ur e.

ofr oof s ,floorandofc our s es el fwei ght .

PJCC BU ILD IN G CO M PO N EN TS

Rei nf or c edc onc r et e,c onc r et ei n

CI RCUL ATI ON CONNECTI ON OFSPACES& CI RCULATI ON OFPJCC

PJCC CIRCU LATIO N

10

BUBBLEDI AGRAM BANQUET HALL

AUDI TORI UM

L OBBY

MAI N ENTRANCE

Duet oi t sbr ut al i s car c hi t ec t ur eanddes i gn, t hedes i gnf oc us esmor eonmodul ars pac es l eadi ngt omuc hmor es t r ai gh or war dand di r ec tc i r c ul a ont ous es pac es .Br ut al i s m s howc as est hes pac est hr oughi t sext er i orby expos i ngt hebui l di ng’ sf unc ont hr oughs t r uc t ur esands er vi c esf orhumanus e. nal l y ,f oc us i ngont hebubbl edi agr am andt he Fi floorpl an,t hedes i gnoft hec i r c ul a onofPJ CC al l owsus er st ofir s tent eral obbywher ei twi l l t henbeeas i ert oac c es st het wos pac es ,t he audi t or i um andt hebanquethal l ,di r ec t l y .

Fort hePJ CC,t hei r r egul ars hapes / f or msont he ext er i ors ugges t sandf or mst her oomsbehi ndt he wal l s .

Thi sc anbes eenont hel e s i deoft he el eva onha vi ngas l i ghtgr adi entatt het op s ugges ngt heaudi t or i um i sl oc at edt her eduet o t henat ur eofaudi t or i umsha vi ngas l i ghts l ope downt owar dst hes t age. ( Ref ert oi magebel ow)

EL EMENTS&PRI NCI PL ES

SHAPE+BALANCE

MASS+CONTRAST

FORM +HARMONY

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Themas s esc r eat edi nt hedes i gnoft hebui l di ngal s o

Fort hi si sparc ul ar ,t hef or msoft hebui l di ngswer e

f r ontel eva on/ f ac adeandt hepr omi nenc eofbr ut al -

pl a ysapar tofi t suni quenes s .

Thr oughoutt hewhol e

har moni ous l yputt oget hert oc r eat eanabs t r ac tdes i gn.

i s mi nt hedes i gn.

Thek eyel ement sandpr i nc i pl es

bui l di ng,c hangesi nc ont r as t sbet weent hemas s esc an

Ha vi ngmanyunus ualf or mss uc hast hehal fc yl i nder ,

t hatmak ei ts oeyec at c hi ngwoul dbet hewa yi twas

beobs er ved

t r apez i um andt heovalc yl i nderar epr ovenhar denough

des i gnedwi t hunus uals hapeswhi l emai nt ai ni nga uni quebal anc ei nbet weenas ymmet r i c alandas ymmet r i c aldes i gn.

L ooki ngatt hepi c t ur eabove,as or tofs ymmet r i c al bal anc ei sgi venoffbutl ooki ngatt heel eva onbel ow, t her ear es omepar t soft hebui l di ngc r ea ngs ome s or tofas ymmet r i c albal anc easwel l ,c r ea ngauni que s hape/ f or mc r eat edf ort heeyet ot r a velanddi s c over .

t oc ombi neast hei rc har ac t er i sc sdonots eem t ouni t e, t her mor e,oneoft hec or epr i nc i pl esofBr ut al i s mi s Fur

s omes har pandr i gi dwhi l es omear ec ur vyanddynami c .

mas s ,i tc anbevi ewedt hr oughoutt hebui l di ng,s howi ng di ffer entf or msofmas s .Eac hdi s pl a yi ngdi ffer entf or m

hi sdes i gnt obeas uc c es s ,t hedes i gnhasi nc or poFort

ands howi ngt hec ont r as tbet weent wodi ffer entf or ms .

r at edt hef or msandf or medt hem t oget hert oc r eat et he

Mor eover ,i tenhanc est hewei ghtoft hebui l di ngi t

PJ CC,us i ngt hes euni ques hapest oc r eat es pac est hat

gi vi ngi tanover whel mi ngf eel i ngwhens eei ngt he

ar es ui t abl ef ort hepur pos e.

bui l di ng.

Mas sand c ont r as t di s pl a yedus i ng t hec ont r as t sof t hebl ac ki nt he abs t r ac tt ohel p vi s ual i z et he pr i nc i pl es .

Har monyi sdi s pl a yed her ewhent he el ement soft he s hapesc omet oget her i nauni fiedwa y-t hey sl ll ookandf eell i k e t heyar el endi ng t hems el vest oawhol e

PJCC ELEM EN TS & PRIN CIPLES

Oneoft hek eyf eat ur esoft hePJ CCpr ovest obei t s

HI STORY

TI MELI NEOFCONSTRUCTI ON AND GROW TH OFPJCC 1973

1977

1978

2001

2006

12

PJCC H ISTO RY

PJCCc ent r es er vesa s MPPJf r om 1978 Cons t r uc t i onf orPJ CCi s a l s oof f i c i a l l yf i ni s hedi n t hi syea r .

Cons t r uc onf orPJ CC begi nsi nt heyear1973 Pet a l i ngJ a yaAut hor i t y’ gover nsi nt heea r l yyea r a ndupgr a dedt oPet a l i ng J a yaMuni c i pa l Counc i l ( MPPJ )on1s tJ AN1977.

I n2001, 6ba dmi nt onc our t s ha sbeenr enova t edi nt o ba nquetha l l

MPPJupgr a dedt oPet a l i ngJ a ya Ci t yc ounc i l on2006, a f t erMBPJ t owerha sbeenbui l d.

Si nc et hen, 4ma yor swer e el ec t ed.

STMARY’ SCHURCH STMARY’ SCHURCH orot her wi s eknownasCat hedr alofSt .Mar yt heVi r gi ni sl oc at edi n J al anRaj a,Kual aL umpur .Des i gnedbyAr t hurChar l esAl f r edNor man,aBr is har c hi t ec twho wasac vei nMal a ys i abet weent heendoft he19t hc ent ur yt ot heear l y20t hc ent ur y .Bui l t i n1894byBr is hc ol oni aladmi ni s t r a on,t hi sc hur c hwasoneofol des tangel i c anc hur c hes i nMal a ys i aandnow i sr ec ogni z edasoneofKL ’ sl andmar ks .

13

nl ybui l toutofbr i c kswi t haf oc usofanEar l yEngl i s hgot hi car c hi t ec t ur e,t hi sbui l di ng Mai wasbui l twi t hapur pos et ogl or i f yGodt oget heri nr es pons et ohi sgr ac ebymaki ngdi s c i pl es c our t yar d.

A.C.NORMAN ( 1858-17Oc t ober1944)

A.C.Nor manwasbor ni n1858andgr ew i nPl ymout h,Engl and.

Mai nl yt houghtunderhi sf at her ,anar c hi t ec t ,hegr ew t hr oughexper i enc eandmovedt oMal a ys i aandbec amet heGover nmentAr c hi t ec ti n1890.

A.C.Nor manwasal s os eenast heper s onwhoi nt r oduc edander ec t edmanybui l di ngswi t hamor eEngl i s hgot hi car c hi t ec t ur es t yl e.Bei ngt hegover nmentar c hi t ec t ,het ookpar ti ndes i gni ngmanyi mpor t antbui l di ngsi nt hehi s t or i cc or eof

NOTABLEW ORKSBYA.C.NORMAN

SUL TANABDULSAMAD BUI LDI NG

DBKLCI TY THEATRE

NATI ONALTEXTI LEMUSEUM

ST M A RY A RCH ITECTU RA L STYLE

ofJ es usChr i s t .

Thebui l di ngc ont ai nsamai nc at hedr al ,mulpur pos ehal l ,books hopanda

ARCHI TECTURALSTYL E

GOTHI C / /ˈ ɡɒθɪ k/ /

1.bel ongi ngt oorr edol entoft heDar kAges ;por t ent ous l ygl oomyorhor r i f yi ng.

PJCC A RCH ITECTU RA L STYLE

14

2.ofori nt hes t yl eofar c hi t ec t ur epr eval enti nwes t er nEur opei nt he12t h–16t h c ent ur i es( andr evi vedi nt hemi d18t ht oear l y20t hc ent ur i es ) ,c har ac t er i z edby poi nt edar c hes ,r i bvaul t s ,andflyi ngbu r es s es ,t oget herwi t hl ar gewi ndows andel abor at et r ac er y .Engl i s hGot hi car c hi t ec t ur ei sdi vi dedi nt oEar l yEngl i s h, Dec or at ed,andPer pendi c ul ar .

Got hi car c hi t ec t ur ei sas t yl eofar c hi t ec t ur et hatflour i s heddur i ngt hehi ghand l at emedi evalper i od.Or i gi na ngi n12t hc ent ur yFr anc eandl as ngi nt ot he 16t hc ent ur y ,wi t ht het er m Got hi cfir s tappear i ngdur i ngt hel a erpar toft he Renai s s anc e.Got hi car c hi t ec t ur ei smos tf ami l i arast hear c hi t ec t ur eofmanyof t hegr eatc at hedr al s ,abbeysandc hur c hesofEur ope.I t sc har ac t er i s cf eat ur es i nc l udet hepoi nt edar c h,t her i bbedvaul tandt heflyi ngbu r es s .

GOTHI C ARCHI TECTUREI N MALAYSI A Aes t he c al l y ,Br is hc ol oni alar c hi t ec t ur ei nMal a ys i ai ses s en al l yahybr i d.

UnderWes t er ni nfluenc e,t hebui l di ngss ome mesl ookCl as s i c al ,s ome mes Got hi cands ome mess how t hei nfluenc eofor i ent alf or ms .Mos toft hem wer e modi fiedt oagr eat erorl es s erdegr eebyt heus eofl oc albui l di ngmat er i al sand ar c hi t ec t ur alt r adions . nt ypeofGot hi car c hi t ec t ur eobs er vedbyA.C.Nor manwasmor et owar ds Amai aMoor i s hi nfluenc e.

Thes ec anbes eent hr oughoutKLast opor t r a yt heI s l ami c f ai t hoft heMal a ys ,t hear c hi t ec tl ook edt owar dst heMoghular c hi t ec t ur eof nor t her nI ndi af ori ns pi r a on.

Thes ewer emai nl ydes c r i bedasEar l yEngl i s h Got hi cs t yl es .

CATHEDRAL OF FLORENCE,FLORENCE,ITALY

ST M ARY,VIEW

FROM SIDE

ARCHI TECTURALSTYL E STMARYAND EARLY ENGLI SH GOTHI C Asoneoft heEar l yEngl i s hGot hi car c hi t ec t ur ebui l di ngsi nMal a ys i a,i tr evol uoni z edear l yar c hi t ec t ur ei nMal a ys i aandc aus edac hangei ndes i gnsc r ea ng mar vel ousdes i gnss uc hast hos eoft heSul t anAbdulSamadBui l di ng( Dat ar an Mer deka )whi c hhol dsac r uc i alr ol ei nt hehi s t or yofMal a ys i a.

Thi ss t yl ei sc l ear l y di s pl a yedonStMar y’ sCat hedr alt hr oughmanyc har ac t er i sc soft hebui l di ng: LATI N CROSS

i npar cul ari nt henor t her npar tof Fr ance.

St ai nedgl asswi ndowsar epr eval enti n Got hi ccat hedr al s.Feat ur i ngcol our s; kal ei doscopi cwi ndows,whi char et al l andar chedal l owedmor edazzl i ngl i ght i n.I ti sal sot osuppor tdet ai l edscenes ofBi bl i calst or i esandadecor a ve st one.

HAMMERBEAM ROOF A hammer beam r oofi sadecor a ve,open mberr oofofEngl i shGot hi car chi t ect ur e.

Theyar et r adi onal l y mberf r amed,usi ng shor tbeamspr oj ec ngf r om t hewal lon whi cht her a er sl and,essen al l ya e beam whi chhast hemi ddl ecutout .These shor tbeamsar ecal l edhammer beamsand gi vet hi st r ussi t sname.

15 ST M A RY A RCH ITECTU RA L STYLE

TheLa ncr oss,usedast hedesi gnof manychur chpl ans.Theappear anceoft he cr ossi ng( t he‘ ar ms’oft hecr oss)i npl ace shoul dbeapoi ntofspeci ali nt er est .A fir str evi ew seemst oi ndi cat et hatt he La ncr ossmakesi tmar ki nt heEar l y Got hi c,t henbecamel essi mpor t anti nt he Hi ghGot hi candgat her edst r engt hagai n a ert hecul mi na onoft heHi ghGot hi c,

STAI NED GLASS

BUI L DI NGCOMPONENTS

COMPONENTSAND ELEMENTSOFSTMARY NAVE

CHANCEL

-Ma r bl et i l edf l oor i ngwi t har edc a r pet downt hemi ddl e -El eva t eds t a gea tt heendoft hena ve t ha ti sc a r pet ed -Woodenl ong, va r ni s hed benc hes

-Thepr ot r udi ngendoft hec ha nc el ha s a nOc t a gona l end.

-I nt r i c a t ewoodendes i gnsi nbl a c k, s t a r t i ngf r om t hes i dest ot hec ei l i ng -Ma r bl et i l ef l oor i ng

STAI NED GLASS

ST M A RY BU ILD IN G CO M PO N EN TS

16

MULTI PURPOSEHALL

-T r i a ngul a rs ha pedi ndes i gn-Pi t c hed t i mberr oof -Ma r bl et i l edf l oor i ng -Gl a s sc over edf r ont

HAMMERBEAM ROOF

-Af or m oft i mberr ooft r us s -Duet ot hec ur vedpa r t soft her oof , t he l oa di st r a ns f er r edt ot heha mmer bea m, t r a ns f er r i ngi ta sl owa spos s i bl e.

-Ma ybea bs t r a c torf i gur a t i ve -L oc a t edus ua l l ynea rt hea l t a r -I tus ua l l yha sa r tt ha ts ymbol i z ess t or i es f r om t heBi bl e -Col our edgl a s sa sama t er i a l

BUI L DI NGCOMPONENTS

STRUCTUREOFSTMARY STRUCTURE HAMMERBEAM ROOF

Themai ns uppor tf ort her oofofStMar y’ sCat hedr ali st he hammer beam r oof .Duet ot her oofbei ngc l addedwi t hbr i c ks orc l a yl esandwood,as t r ongs t r uc t ur ei sneededt ohol dup

17

t hewei ght .

t r ans f er r edt oal owerangl e,hei ghtandl oadedont ot he hammerbeamsont hes i des

BRI CK VENEER WALL Fort hes t r uc t ur eoft hewal l s ,StMar y’ sCat hedr ali sobs er vedt oha vea t ypeofbr i c kveneerwal l .I ti swher ebehi ndt hebr i c kwal l ,awal lofveneer i spl ac ed, wher eus ual l yheatands oundi ns ul a onwi l lbel oc at edaswel l .

AsStMar y’ sCat hedr ali soneoft hefir s tbr i c kc at hedr al si nMal a ys i a,i ti s c l eart hatt hewal l swer et obemadeoutofbr i c ksasi ti sas t abl ewa yf or t hel oadbear i ngmas onr yt owor kaswel l . ot hec ons t r uc onsofStMar yi n2012,s oundpr oofingwasadded Duet t hr ought hi smet hodaswel l .

ST M A RY BU ILD IN G CO M PO N EN TS

Duet ot hes t r uc t ur eoft hehammer beam r oof ,t hewei ghti s

CI RCUL ATI ON CONNECTI ON OFSPACES& CI RCULATI ON OFSTMARY BUBBLEDI AGRAM

PORCH

18 MAI N CATHEDRAL

Theover al lc i r c ul a onc anbeobs er vedf r om t he bubbl edi agr am,ha vi ngt hemai nc at hedr alast hemai n s pac ei nt hewhol ebui l di ng.

Thi ss pac ec anbeeas i l y ent er edt hr ought hepor c h, wher et heus erwi l lus ual l y s t ar t .

PJCC CIRCU LATIO N

Thi si sc onnec t edt ot heot hert wos ec ondar ys pac es , t hemulpur pos ehal landc our t yar d.

MUL TI PURPOSE HALL

COURTYARD

L ooki ngatt hec i r c ul a ondi s pl a yedatt hel e ,t hec i r c ul a onofStMar y’ sCat hedr ali sver y s i mpl eanddi r ec t .

St arngf r om t hepor c h, wher eever yonei sexpec t edt oent erf r om,i tl eadst heus er i mmedi at el yt ot hemai npar t ,t heMai nCat hedr al .Ha vi ngt hi sast hemai npar toft he bui l di ng,i twi l lt henl eadt ot hemulpur pos ehal lt hr oughs mal l erdoor sont hes i deoft he Mai nCat hedr al , wher ei ti smai nl yus edasas pac ef orpeopl et oc ommuni c at e,r es tand gat her ,t her ef or emaki ngi tt hes pac ewher et heus eri ss uppos edt oendat .Fr om t heMai n Cat hedr al ,t heus eri sal s oabl et obeabl et oexi tt ot hec our t yar dl oc at edj us tout s i det he Mulpur pos eHal landMai nCat hedr al .

EL EMENTS&PRI NCI PL ES

FORM +BALANCE

SHAPE+SCALE

SPACE+CONTI NUI TY

19

Thr oughoutt hewhol eofStMar y ,t hebui l di ngc ont ai ns

Fort hi si show t hes pac esofStMar yi sj oi nedi nal an

l a youtofal a nc r os s .Duet ot hi s ,af or m ofbal anc e

manyar c hedwi ndowsbutt heyvar yi ns i z eswi t hmos t

c r os spl angi vi ngaf eelanddi r ec onofc on nui t y

c anbec r eat edi nt hemi ddl eoft hebui l di ngj us tl i k ea

oft hewi ndowsi nt hemi ddl egener al l yha vi ngt hel ar ger

t hr oughoutt hebui l di ng.

l a nc r os s .( Ref ert ol a nc r os sbel ow)

s i z ec ompar edt ot heonesont hes i des .

Thi swasemphas i z edi nt hedes i gnast heChr i s an sgi vesas l i ghthi ntonhow t hec at hedr alu l i z est he Thi

t eac hi ngt eac hesaf or m ofc ommuni t yandc onnec vi t y

s c al eoft hes ewi ndowsi nor dert os i gni f yors how a

andt hemai npur pos eher ewast ovi s ual i z eandal l ow

s ens eofemphas i sandhi er ar c hyt ot hebui l di ng’ swi n-

t hec on nui t ys er vet hatpur pos ef ort hec at hedr al .

dows . ef or e,t hes pac esi nt hebui l di ngar ec onnec t edi na Ther As ens eofdynami s mi sal s ogi venoher e, wi t ht hedi -

s i mpl eandl i nearwa yi nor derf ort hi st obeac hi eved.

r ec onoft hear c hesandover al ldi r ec onpoi n ngup, Al i neofs ymmet r yc an bedr awni nt hemi ddl e oft hec r os st os how a s ymmet r i c albal anc e

s i gni f yi ngt heaut hor i t y / pr es enc eofGodaboveal l .

As ens eofs hape ands c al ei sus ed her et oc r eat ea s ens eof hi er ar c hyanddi r ec on.

Thes pac eands i z esof t hel i nesher ec r eat ea s ens eofpr oxi mi t yand c on nui t yf r om l ar ges t t ot hes mal l es t .

ST M ARY ELEM EN TS & PRIN CIPLES

StMar yhasauni quef or mt hatt ak est heover al l

HI STORY

TI MELI NEOFCONSTRUCTI ON AND GROW TH OFSTMARY 1887

1893

1894

1958

1895

2006

2012

PJCC H ISTO RY

20

Or i gi nalStMar y’ sChur c h wasc ons ec r at edbyt heRt RevGeor geFr eder i c k Hos e,t heBi s hopof Si ngapor e,Labuan& Sar awak

Founda ons t onewasl ai d on1894byt heBr is h Res i dentofSel angor ,Si r W. H. T r eac her ,i na c er emonyoffic i at edover byBi s hopG. F .Hos e.

Dec i s i onwasmadet oer ec tanew bui l di ngt ohous et hegr owi ng c ongr ega onandanew s i t ewas f oundbes i det hePadangorPar ade Gr ound

Chur c hwasext endedwi t h aJ ubi l eehal lc ons t r uc t ed ati t sr ear

Fi r s tbr i c kc hur c her ec t ed i nna ves t at esofMal a y peni ns ul a

Mulpur pos ehal l wasbui l t andexi s ngj ubi l eehal l was i nc or por at edt hebac khal fof t hemai nc at hedr al Soundpr oofpr oj ec twasc ar r i ed outt oi ns ul at emai nc at hedr al f r om t henoi s ei nDat ar an Mer deka

SI MI L ARI TI ES

PJCC

STMARY

RELATI ONSHI POFSCALEAND SHAPE PJ CC, whi c hu l i z es

Thr ought hes i z eoft hebui l di ngsandt he

Br ut al i s m,s howshow t he

s i z esoft hear c hedwi ndowsont he

s c al eofunus uals hapesar e

bui l di ng,StMar ypr evi ewsahar moni ous

abl et obet oget heri n

c or r el a onofs c al eands hapeaswel l

har monyt hr oughaddion

buti namor egot hi cmannerus i ngt hei r

ands ubt r ac onoft hes e

k eyc har ac t er i sc s .

21

el ement s

BALANCE

StMar yha vi ngi t ’ sfloorpl anmai nl ya

des i gn,PJ CCi sabl et oha veas t r ong

s hapeoft heLa nc r os s ,al s os howsa

effec tofs ymmet r yandi sabl et odi s pl a yi t

s t r ongs ymmet r i c albal anc et hr oughout

wel lt hr oughoutt hebui l di ng.

t hebui l di ng.

SIM ILARITIES

Ha vi ngabal anc ed/ modul arfloor pl anand

TURNI NG POI NTSI N MALAYSI AN ARCHI TECTURE StMar y ,bei ngoneofMal a ys i a ’ sfir s tbui l t PJ CCi svi ewedasoneoft hemos ti mpor t ant

c at hedr alt hatu l i z esEar l yEngl i s hGot hi c

bui l di ngsi nMal a ys i aasi ts ymbol i z edt he

ar c hi t ec t ur e,bec ameat ur ni ngpoi ntt o

moveofar c hi t ec t ur eanddes i gni nt ot heage

how ar c hi t ec t sdes i gnedmanyhi s t or i c al

ofmoder ni s m andc hangedpeopl e’ s

bui l di ngsi nMal a ys i a,i mpl emen nga

per s pec ve.

Got hi candI s l ami cs t yl ewhi c ht hen s i gni fiedMal a ys i a ’ sar c hi t ec t ur e.

DI FFERENCES

PJCC

CI RCULATI ON

STMARY

Wi t ht henat ur eofbr ut al i s m des i gns ,i ti ss egment edands ec onal .

Thi sc aus esa bl oc kyflow, wher et heus erhast oc hoos eoneort heot hers pac et ogot o.

StMar ys howsac on nui t ywi t hadi r ec ont hr ough t hepar t soft hebui l di ng, wher eonepar twi l ll eadyou t oanot her .

22

Compar edt oPJ CC,StMar ypr ovi desamor es moot h

D IFFEREN CES

andc ohes i veflow t hr oughoutt hewhol ebui l di ng.

NATURALLI GHTI NG Br ut al i s mt endst oha vel es s erands mal l er wi ndowsi nt hemodul ardes i gns .

Ther ef or e, l es s ernat ur all i ghti sdependedonon l i gh ngt hebui l di ng.

ForStMar y’ sc as e,oneoft hemai n s t yl eofGot hi car c hi t ec t ur e,i st hei r l ar ges t ai nedgl as swi ndowswher ei t ul i z esnat ur all i gh ngi nor dert o br i ngmor ec ol ourandnat ur all i gh ng i nt ot hebui l di ng.

MATERI AL Br i c ksandwoodi st hemai nmat er i alus ed “ Bet onbr ut ”orr at herknownasr aw c onc r et ei st hemai nmat er i alandt he i ns pi r a onf ort het ext ur eofBr ut al i s m.

f orStMar yasi ti soneoft heear l i es t c hur c hesbui l ti nMal a ys i awher eEar l y Engl i s hGot hi car c hi t ec t ur es l lf oc us ed mor eonbr i c ksast hei rmai nmat er i al

DI FFERENCES

PJCC

ARCHI TECTURALSTYLES

BRUTALI CARCHI TECTURE

STMARY

GOTHI CARCHI TECTURE

PJ CCwhi c hhasaBr ut al i car c hi t ec t ur ei sc l eart owar dsi t sgoalonbei ng

StMar yu l i z esaGot hi car c hi t ec t ur es t yl eo enas s oc i at edwi t hc hur c hesand

mi ni mal i s cands t r ai ghtt ot hepoi nt .Mai nl yc har ac t er i z edbyt hei runus ual ,

c at hedr al ,i ti so ent hei mageofGot hi car c hi t ec t ur e.I t sc har ac t er i s cf eat ur es

mas s i ves hapeswhi l s tha vi ngr ough,unfini s hedandhea vyl ooki ngappear anc e

i nc l udet hepoi nt edar c h,hammer beam r oofands t ai nedgl as s .

wi t har i gi dgeomet r i cs t yl eu l i z i ngal otofs t r ai ghtl i nesands mal l wi ndows .

SENSORYCREATED I NNERSPACE

23

SENSORYCREATED I NNERSPACE

Pr ac c al

Exuber ant Di r ec ve

Compl exi t y

OUTERSPACE

OUTERSPACE Hea vynes s

Fl amboyant

Rough Si mpl i sc

Fant as c al

Gr and

ROOFI NG StMar y ,hasauni quet r us ss ys t em asi t ’ s PJ CCu l i z esabr ut al i cs t yl eofar oof ,aver y

r oofings uppor t ,t hehammer beam r oof .I t

mi ni mali nt er msofdes i gnt ypeofr oofmai nl y

i sc ommonl yf oundi nc at hedr al sand

madeoutofc onc r et e.I tpl ai nl yj us ts er vesas

Got hi c l i k ear c hi t ec t ur easi ti sc ommonl y

t hepur pos eoft her oof .

s eenasauni quedec or a veel ementi n Got hi car c hi t ec t ur e.

D IFFEREN CES

Enc l os ed

Mi ni mal i sc

REFERENCES ( May2020) .h ps: / /www. desi gni ngbui l di ngs. co. uk/wi ki /Br ut al i sm#: ~: t ext =Br ut al i sm%2C%20al so%20known%20as%20Br ut al i st , s cal e%20use%20of %20pour ed%20concr et e.

Wi ki pedi a.h ps: / / en. wi ki pedi a. or g/wi ki /Br ut al i st _ar chi t ect ur e Koay.

A. ,( Mar ch2003) ,TheSt ar :Ki ngt onAmongMen.

24

Lee. K. C. , ( Mar ch1960) .TheSt r ai t sTi mes St ephani ePr zybyl ek.h ps: / /st udy. com/academy/l esson/hammer beamr oof defini ondesi gn. ht ml J acki eCr aven( Feb2020) .h ps: / /www. t hought co. com/what i saflyi ngbu r ess4049089

REFEREN CES

ynSi nugr oho( 2014) .h ps: / /i ssuu. com/ evel ynsi nugr oho/ docs/ cul t ur e_and_hi st or y_pj cc_evel yn Evel Mar k( 2018) .h ps: / /www. kat hmanduandbeyond. com/br ut al i st moder ni st ar chi t ect ur esout heast asi a/ MBPJ( 2020) .h p: / /www. mbpj . gov. my/ en MBPJ( 2020) .h p: / / et empahan. mbpj . gov. my/ eTempahan/publ i c/l oca onI nf o. ht m?t ype=of &cat =dewan&fid=1

Ar chi t ect ur eofKual aLumpur|W i ki wand.( 2020) .h ps: / /www. wi ki wand. com/ en/ Ar chi t ect ur e_of _Kual a_Lumpur StMar yOffici alWebsi t e( 2020)h ps: / /st mar yscat hedr al . or g. my/ Wi ki pedi a.h ps: / / en. wi ki pedi a. or g/wi ki /St . _Mar y%27s_Cat hedr al , _Kual a_Lumpur #ci t e_r ef 1 iEndut( 1993)h p: / / et heses. whi t er ose. ac. uk/14839/2/389486_vol 2. pdf EsmaweeHaj ReneeTeoh( 2017) .h ps: / /www. sl i deshar e. net /ReneeToh/r scf ul l r epor t gr oup12 PennyWong( 2020) .h p: / /www. kual al umpur . ws/a r ac ons/ cat hedr al of st mar y. ht m Mal aysi aTr avel l er .f r om h ps: / /www. mal aysi at r avel l er . com/ cat hedr al of st mar ykual al umpur . ht ml

THEEND.