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Сотрудники Национального университета кораблестроения: Рыжков С. С. – д.т.н., проф., ректор НУК, главный редактор Блинцов В. С. – д.т.н., проф., заместитель главного редактора Квасницкий В. Ф. – д.т.н., проф., заместитель главного редактора Гордеев Б. Н. – д.т.н., проф. Зайцев В. В. – д.т.н., проф. Иртыщева И. А. – д.э.н., проф. Бугаенко Б. А. – д.т.н., проф. Дубовой А. Н. – д.т.н., проф. Жуков Ю. Д. – д.т.н., проф. Коробанов Ю. Н. – д.т.н., проф. Коростылев Л. И. – д.т.н., проф. Кошкин К. В. – д.т.н., проф. Некрасов В. А. – д.т.н., проф. Павлов Г. В. – д.т.н., проф. Парсяк В. Н. – д.э.н., проф. Приходько С. Б. – д.т.н., доцент Рашковский А. С. – д.т.н., проф. Рябенький В. М. – д.т.н., проф. Слижевский Н. Б. – д.т.н., проф. Сербин С. И. – д.т.н., проф. Тимошевский Б. Г. – д.т.н., проф. Тимченко В. Л. – д.т.н., доцент Чернов С. К. – д.т.н., проф. Сотрудники организаций Украины: Егоров Г. В. – д.т.н., проф., Морское инженерное бюро, г. Одесса Кривцун И. В. – академик НАН Украины, Институт электросварки имени Е. О. Патона, г. Киев Гринченко В. Т. – академик НАН Украины, Институт гидромеханики НАН Украины, г. Киев Миюсов М. В. – д.т.н., проф., Одесская национальная морская академия, г. Одесса

Морозова И. В. – д.э.н., проф., Одесский национальный морской университет, г. Одесса Зарубежные ученые: Пашков Е. В. – д.т.н., проф., Севастопольский национальный технический университет, г. Севастополь Борисенко К. П. – проф., СанктПетербургский государственный морской технический университет, г. Санкт-Петербург, Россия Боровская М. О. – д.э.н., проф., Южный федеральный университет, г. Ростов-на-Дону, Россия Бурков В. М. – д.т.н., проф., Институт проблем управления РАН, г. Москва, Россия Гарбатов Йордан – проф., Лиссабонский технический университет, г. Лиссабон, Португалия Жили Вонг (Zili Wang) – проф., Университет науки и технологии провинции Цзянсу, г. Чженьцзян, КНР Лю Чжи Ган (Liu Zhi Gang) – проф., Харбинский инженерный университет, г. Харбин, КНР Луон Конг Нхо (Luong Cong Nho) – проф., Вьетнамский морской университет, г. Хайфон, Вьетнам Нерубенко Г. П. – д.т.н., проф., г. Торонто, Канада, Роланд Франк – проф., Германия Танака Хироши – проф., Почетный президент японской ассоциации управления проектами, г. Токио, Япония Хведелидзе П. Г. – проф., Батумский навигационно-учебный университет, г. Батуми, Грузия

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С самого первого дня существования ГП НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект» и по сей день конструкторское бюро является мозговым центром предприятия, где рождаются смелые конструкторские идеи. За более чем пятьдесят прошедших лет был пройден большой и сложный путь от первого газотурбинного ускорительного двигателя М-1 до современных мощных морских и энергетических газотурбинных установок четвертого поколения. Газотурбинная установка М-1 была разработана в конструкторском бюро Сергея Дмитриевича Колосова еще в Казани. До 1958 года серийным заводом было изготовлено около сорока установок М-1. В то время основные усилия конструкторов были направлены на разработку установки М-2, существенно превосходившей по технико-экономическим характеристикам двигатель М-1. На основе анализа различных схем и параметров циклов, конструктивных разработок, изучения отечественного и зарубежного опыта в конструкторском бюро выбрали следующие основные технические направления проектирования судовых газотурбинных двигателей: ■ применение простого цикла без промежуточного охлаждения и регенерации; ■ постоянное повышение параметров цикла;

■ применение конструктивной схемы двигателя с двумя кинематически несвязанными турбокомпрессорами со свободной силовой турбиной. Опыт последующих лет эксплуатации ГТУ подтвердил правильность выбранного направления. Освоение газотурбинной техники потребовало от коллектива завода и конструкторского бюро решения сложных технических и организационных задач по подбору и обучению инженеров и рабочих, созданию служб, лабораторий, цехов и отделов, приобретению и внедрению в производство необходимого оборудования, новых технологий, строительству новых цехов, налаживанию связей с другими заводами и научными институтами. Совершенствование конструкторской и экспериментальной базы вскоре принесло положительные результаты. В 1955 году были выданы в производство рабочие чертежи двигателя М-2, а в 1959 году первая газотурбинная установка этой серии прошла межведомственные испытания. Началась серийная поставка этих установок флоту. В 1956 году коллектив конструкторского бюро приступил к проектированию газотурбинных агрегатов Д-2 и М-3 мощностью соответственно 18 000 и 36 000 л. с. В связи с разным назначением эти агрегаты

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имели различное конструктивное исполнение. Агрегат Д-2 не имел свободной силовой турбины, а турбина низкого давления являлась приводом компрессора низкого давления и автономного отдельно стоящего компрессора, который подавал сжатый воздух в гидромотор корабля. Как установки М-1 и М-2, так и Д-2 был ускорительным и применялся в составе дизель-газотурбинных установок. Агрегат М-3 предполагалось использовать в качестве всережимной главной силовой установки большого противолодочного корабля проекта 61. Исходя из этого, он должен был иметь значительно большую мощность, больший ресурс, лучшую экономичность на малых и переходных режимах и обладать хорошей маневренностью при достаточно жестких условиях эксплуатации. Задача решалась путем использования принципа количественного регулирования, заключающегося в объединении мощности нескольких двигателей на один вал, что позволяло на малых и средних ходах отключать часть двигателей и таким образом повышать экономичность и ресурс агрегата. В М-3 были применены два двигателя на один суммирующий редуктор. Агрегат М-3 стал первой в мире полностью газотурбинной главной силовой всережимной установкой боевого корабля. Использование ГТУ в качестве главной силовой установки корабля определило необходимость создания устройства внешнего механического реверса гребного винта, так как реверсивных винтов большой мощности в стране не было. Эта задача в агрегате М-3 была решена путем включения в механическую схему зубчатой передачи силового редуктора специальных кулачково-

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в акте государственной приемки корабля «Комсомолец Украины» записано: «Главная газотурбинная установка М-3 не имеет подобных в иностранном кораблестроении. Применение ее позволило получить значительные преимущества по сравнению с котлотурбинными установками, обычно применяемыми на кораблях такого водоизмещения». Работы по созданию газотурбинных установок М-2, Д-2 и М-3 — последняя веха в производственной и творческой деятельности главного конструктора и начальника СПБ «Машпроект» С. Д. Колосова. В 1963 году в связи с ухудшением здоровья Сергей Дмитриевич уходит на пенсию. В 1969 году за создание и внедрение в серийное производство новых типов энергетических установок группе специалистов СПБ «Машпроект» и ЮТЗ «Зоря» во главе с С. Д. Колосовым была присуждена Ленинская премия. После ухода С.Д. Колосова главным конструктором и руководителем предприятия назначается его заместитель Яков Хананович Сорока. Опыт создания и эксплуатации газотурбинных установок подтвердил целесообразность использования их в качестве главных энергетических установок кораблей и позволил наметить дальнейшие перспективы их развития. В 1965 году конструкторы приступили к созданию двигателей второго поколения и агрегатов на их основе. При создании двигателей второго поколения необходимо было решить такие задачи: ■ повысить экономичность на 15 – 20 %; ■ расширить зону устойчивой работы; ■ повысить надежность и ресурс двигателя в 4 – 5 раз. Эти требования были учтены при разработке двигателей М-62 мощностью 9 тыс. л. с. и ДТ-59 мощностью 22,5 тыс. л. с. Большую помощь СПБ «Машпроект» в разработке газотурбинных агрегатов второго поколения оказали отраслевые НИИ и ЦНИИ им. академика А.Н. Крылова. В результате проведенных исследований было установлено, что главные энергетические установки кораблей в ближайшие десятилетия должны состоять из комбинации двигателей различной мощности, объединенных системами зубчатых передач в единый комплекс. Новые конструктивные идеи стали основой при создании главных газотурбинных агрегатов М-5 и М-7 для кораблей проектов «Беркут» и «Буревестник», которые до настоящего времени являются уникальными и не имеют аналогов в мировой практике. Для создания агрегатов М-5 и М-7 требовалось значительно расширить редукторное производство, построить новые испытательные стенды, обеспечивающие испытания агрегатов в полной компоновке со всеми двигателями, разработать системы дистанционного управления. В 1967 году были проведены межведомственные испытания агрегата М-7 на частичные параметры и разрешена поставка агрегата на головной корабль. В том же году Я. Х. Сороке было присуждено звание профессора, а в начале 1968 года он перешел

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защиты и т.д. В мае 1958 года рабочие чертежи на ГТА М-3 были переданы заводу для серийного выпуска. Но уже в начале серийного освоения новых агрегатов Д-2 и М-3 из-за конструктивных и технологических недоработок наметилось отставание от директивных сроков сдачи изделий. Для устранения выявленных недостатков был проведен ряд организационных и технических мероприятий. Особенно много проблем было с двигателем Д-2 из-за очень высокой вибрации. Необходимо было заново перепроектировать некоторые узлы, а Заказчик требовал от завода неукоснительного выполнения срока поставок. Постановлением Совета Министров СССР от 16 апреля 1961 года СКБ ГУ выделилось в самостоятельную организацию — Союзное проектное бюро «Машпроект», получившее статус опытно-конструкторского предприятия. В его состав вошли конструкторское бюро, экспериментальная база и опытное производство. В дальнейшем конструкторское бюро из малочисленного коллектива в 60 человек превратилось в крупное подразделение численностью более 500 человек. Были созданы новые отделы прочности, электрооборудования, запуска и топливорегулирования, замкнутых циклов, эксплуатации, технической информации и др. Для оперативного руководства опытно-доводочными работами были введены должности ответственных ведущих конструкторов. Значительно расширилась и экспериментальная база, преобразованная впоследствии в научноисследовательское отделение. Кроме лаборатории горения, гидравлической, газодинамической и редукторной лабораторий, были созданы лаборатории динамической прочности, статической прочности, акустики, электроавтоматики, электромоделирования и вычислительных машин (впоследствии — ОАСВТ) и др. Организационные мероприятия позволили ускорить темпы научно-исследовательских, опытноконструкторских и опытно-доводочных работ. В 1962 году были решены проблемы вибрации Д-2 и проведены межведомственные испытания на полные параметры. ГТУ М-2 была сдана на полный ресурс. В 1963 году были проведены межведомственные испытания М-3 на полные параметры. Установки М-2, Д-2 и М-3 получили высокую оценку межведомственных комиссий и государственной комиссии по приемке кораблей. В частности, x{

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на постоянную преподавательскую работу в Николаевский кораблестроительный институт. Главным конструктором-начальником СПБ «Машпроект» был назначен Виктор Иванович Романов, работавший заместителем Я. Х. Сороки по эксплуатации и надежности. Работы по доводке двигателей получили новый импульс, что не замедлило сказаться на результатах. Уже в 1969 году были проведены межведомственные испытания агрегата М-5 на неполные параметры, а в 1970 — завершена отработка двигателей М-62 и ДТ-59, что обеспечило проведение в 1971 году испытаний агрегатов М-7К и М-5Е на полные параметры. Оба агрегата получили высокую оценку специалистов Военно-морского флота. Межведомственная комиссия по приемке агрегата М-7 отмечала: «Агрегат М-7 отличается от ранее созданных СПБ «Машпроект» и лучших зарубежных образцов ГТА рядом преимуществ и принципиально новых конструктивных решений». В 1969 году были также проведены непрерывные 1400-часовые испытания агрегата М-7. В ходе испытаний была подтверждена неизменность параметров и характеристик агре-

гата. Прошли испытания корабля на эффективность нового, газового, реверса. Выбеги при реверсировании корабля «Буревестник» составили при скорости 14 – 26 узлов 2,5 корпуса, на полной скорости 3,5 корпуса вместо 5 – 6 для других кораблей подобного класса. За создание и введение в серийное производство и эксплуатацию новых типов главных всережимных автоматизированных газотурбозубчатых агрегатов с большим ресурсом и высокой экономичностью во всем спектре скоростей для современных кораблей ВМФ в 1975 году группе специалистов из ряда организаций во главе с В. И. Романовым была присуждена Государственная премия СССР. С середины 60-х годов для предприятия начинается новый этап — создание газотурбинных агрегатов для кораблей с динамическими принципами поддержания: кораблей на воздушной подушке и кораблей на подводных крыльях. Новый класс кораблей отличался от традиционных надводных кораблей значительно более высокой скоростью и маневренностью, а корабли на воздушной подушке должны были также выходить на берег и ходить надо льдом. x|

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Традиционные газотурбинные установки, применяемые на надводных кораблях, для них не подходили. Поэтому нужны были другие подходы к проектированию новых установок. Для решения этих задач были разработаны и переданы в серию облегченные газотурбинные двигатели, вертикальные колонки с угловыми зубчатыми передачами, планетарные редукторы для привода воздушных винтов и вентиляторов. Для испытания зубчатых передач спроектированы и построены специальные стенды и загрузочные устройства. В 1969 – 1971 годах были созданы первые установки облегченного типа М-10, ДТ-4 мощностью 18-20 тыс. л.с. для кораблей на подводных крыльях проекта «Сокол» и на воздушной подушке проекта «Джейран». Эти установки являются уникальными в мировой практике и до настоящего времени. Успешный опыт работы николаевских газовых турбин второго поколения на кораблях ВМФ привлек к ним внимание руководства ряда отраслей народного хозяйства. В 1966 году по заказу энергетиков начались работы по созданию газотурбогенераторов на базе судовых турбин для плавучей электростанции «Северное сияние», а в 1969 году — для энергопоездов. Обе задачи были успешно решены: созданы установки ГТГ-1 мощностью 12 тыс. кВт для плавучих

электростанций «Северное сияние» и ГТЭ-4 мощностью 4 тыс. кВт для энергопоездов типа «Маяк». Плавучие электростанции и энергопоезда успешно эксплуатируются в северных районах и до настоящего времени. Работы по созданию установок ДТ-4, ГТГ-1 отмечены Государственной премией СССР. К 1972 году в основном завершилось создание газотурбинных двигателей второго поколения и агрегатов на их основе. По завершении этих работ была полностью решена задача обеспечения газотурбинными силовыми установками надводных кораблей широкого класса назначения и кораблей с динамическими принципами поддержания. В начале 70-х годов в НПП «Машпроект» под руководством В. И. Романова была сформулирована перспективная концепция развития корабельных газовых турбин на 2 – 3 десятилетия вперед, заключающаяся в необходимости создания унифицированного ряда надежных и высокоэкономичных двигателей третьего поколения, не уступающих по параметрам лучшим зарубежным образцам и пригодных для всех типов кораблей, как водоизмещающих, так и с динамическими принципами поддержания. Для реализации указанной концепции был проведен комплекс теоретических и экспериментальных исследований. Найденные решения легли в основу разработки унифицированного ряда двигателей: М-75 (UGT 3000) мощностью 5 тыс. л. с., М-70 (UGT 6000) — 10 – 12 тыс. л. с., М-90 (UGT 15000) — 20 – 24 тыс. л. с. Экономичность этих двигателей на 10 – 15 процентов выше, вес в 4 – 5 раз и габариты в 1,5 раза меньше, чем у двигателей второго поколения. Проектирование и отработка двигателей третьего поколения оказалась исключительно сложной задачей и потребовала перестройки работы всех подразделений предприятия. Конструкторскому отделению пришлось освоить новые подходы к проектированию унифицированных ГТД, разработать и усовершенствовать методы расчета, в том числе динамического, многороторных систем, норм прочности, разработки и внедрить программы-методики отработки ГТД, программы эквивалентных ускоренных испытаний.

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В научно-исследовательском отделении были созданы стенды доводки основных узлов ГТД на натурных параметрах и нагрузках для обеспечения имитации морских условий при испытаниях, разработки методов исследований узлов, для разработки и внедрения новой исследовательской аппаратуры. Пришлось кардинально перестроить опытное производство в целях существенного повышения технического уровня и внедрения новых технологических процессов, организовать новые цехи, участки для отливки лопаток, электронно-лучевой сварки, вакуумного напыления и т. д., построить морскую испытательную станцию. За комплекс работ по созданию и внедрению жаропрочных материалов и покрытий группе специалистов СПБ «Машпроект» и завода «Зоря» была присуждена Государственная премия СССР. В 1981 – 1982 гг. была завершена отработка и проведены межведомственные испытания базовых двигателей М-75 и М-70, а в 1985 – 1989 гг. — двигателя М-90 на полные параметры. На основе этих двигателей был разработан и создан ряд газотурбинных агрегатов для кораблей с динамическими принципами поддержания. Среди них: установка М-35 — для большого десантного корабля на воздушной подушке проекта «Зубр»; установка МТ-70 — для КВП проекта «Кальмар»; установка М-15 — для ракетных катеров «Молния»; установка М-9 на базе двигателя М-7 — для большого противолодочного корабля проекта «Удалой». Эти проекты не имеют аналогов в мировой практике. Они дали возможность ВоенноМорскому флоту обеспечить строительство всей номенклатуры водоизмещающих кораблей и кораблей с динамическими принципами поддержания. За создание и внедрение в эксплуатацию газотурбинных двигателей и агрегатов третьего поколения группе работников СПБ «Машпроект» и ПО «Зоря»

в 1993 году была присуждена Государственная премия Украины. Наряду с созданием двигателей третьего поколения «Машпроект» направил усилия на существенное улучшение экономичности газотурбинных установок путем утилизации тепла уходящих из турбины газов. Еще в 1971 году была разработана первая газотурбинная установка с утилизацией тепла — Т-1 «Пегас», которая имела как преимущества, так и существенные недостатки. С целью исключения этих недостатков было принято решение о проектировании узлов утилизационного контура на принципах построения судовых газовых турбин. Это позволило существенно упростить схему, сократить габариты, вес контура. Первый подобный агрегат с утилизацией тепла М-25 мощностью 25 тыс. л. с. был создан для контейнеровозов типа Ро-Ро проекта «Атлантика». Дополнительная мощность 5,8 тыс. л. с., используемая паровой турбиной, была получена за счет утилизации тепла без затраты топлива. В агрегате применялось газотурбинное топливо, более дешевое и доступное по сравнению с дизельным, что позволило значительно уменьшить эксплуатационные расходы и повысить конкурентоспособность контейнеровозов при перевозках грузов. О высоком уровне газотурбинной установки М-25 свидетельствует такой факт: когда в середине 90-х годов ВМС США приобрели контейнеровозы типа Ро-Ро для использования в качестве судов быстрого реагирования, энергетическая установка М-25 была оставлена без изменений. За создание двигателей контейнеровозов проекта «Атлантика» группа специалистов СПБ «Машпроект» и завода «Зоря» была награждена Государственной премией УССР. gE C6I;G?6B6C AD?9? x |{ y { gJIS A JHF;LJ

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¬ª¨ ±¦§ ª§«©¬ ¦¡° ª« § £ ©´ «¬© ¡¦ ¦ ¯¡§¦ ¤µ¦§ § ¬¦¡ ©ª¡« « £§© ¤ ª«©§ ¦¡¸ ¡ ª¨ ¯¡ ¤µ¦§ § £§¦ª«©¬£«§©ª£§ § ·©§ ¥ ±¨©§ £« История кафедры турбин тесно связана с развитием турбостроительной промышленности на юге Украины. В июле 1946 г. Совет Министров СССР принял постановление о строительстве в г. Николаеве завода по производству паровых турбин для кораблей военно-морского флота. В 1954 г. на Южном турбинном заводе организуется Специальное конструкторское бюро по проектированию газотурбинных установок (СКБ ГУ) корабельного назначения. Сам же завод в это время перепрофилируется для их серийного производства. Первоначальное ядро коллективов этих организаций составили специалисты, приехавшие с завода № 16 Министерства авиационной промышленности СССР (г. Казань). Для удовлетворения потребности Южного турбинного завода в квалифицированных кадрах в Николаевском кораблестроительном институте (НКИ) в эти же годы началась подготовка инженеров, специализирующихся в области турбиностроения.

Создание в г. Николаеве СПБ «Машпроект» и Южного турбинного завода требовало для своего развития подготовки соответствующих кадров. Поэтому 1 сентября 1963 г. в НКИ была открыта кафедра судовых паровых и газовых турбин (ныне кафедра турбин). Ежегодно для подготовки молодых специалистов по турбиностроению принимали по 2 – 3 группы студентов. Следует отметить, что ранее (в июне 1960 г.) в институте была организована газотурбинная лаборатория. С тех пор творческие связи между НКИ и производством успешно развивались и расширялись, обогащая взаимно сферу науки, учебы и производства. На производстве созданы филиалы кафедр теплотехники, турбин, сварочного производства, технологии судового машиностроения и других. Это способствовало ежегодному пополнению производства талантливыми специалистами, которые были адаптированы к предприятию. С другой стороны к учебной работе на условиях штатного совместительства и почасовой оплаты привлекались высококвалифицированные специалисты завода и СПБ.

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В 1963 году в НКИ была открыта новая специальность «Турбиностроение». 01.09.1963 г. в НКИ по инициативе главного конструктора ОКБ ЮТЗ Сороки Я. Х. организована новая кафедра — судовых паровых и газовых турбин — и открывается научноисследовательская газотурбинная лаборатория. Интенсивный рост выпускников НКИ в 60 – 80 годы прошлого столетия, прежде всего, был связан с увеличением выпуска инженеров на машиностроительном факультете и, в особенности, инженеровтурбинистов. В период с 1963 по 1988 годы кафедра подготовила более 1800 инженеров-механиков по направлению «Турбиностроение». Всего за эти годы НКИ выпустило 23 304 молодых специалиста из них механиков — 13010, т. е. 56 %. С 1988 года началось обучение специалистов по новой специальности «Проектирование и производство судового энергетического оборудования» со специализацией — «Турбинные агрегаты». С 1998 года был произведен набор на новую специальность — «Турбины». С 2007 г. осуществляется подготовка бакалавров по этой специальности. Сегодня кафедра турбин готовит бакалавров, специалистов и магистров по специальности «Турбины», магистров по специальности «Газотурбинные установки и компрессорные станции». По тематике кафедры защитили докторские диссертации выпускники НКИ С. И. Сербин, А. П. Шевцов и Н. Я. Хлопенко.

С большим интересом студенты слушали лекции лауреата Ленинской премии, проф. Сороки Я. Х., в учебном процессе участвовали высококвалифицированные специалисты В. В. Ващиленко, В. С. Мандель, О. Г. Жирицкий, А. Ф. Мурашов, Ф. И. Кирзнер, А. В. Равич и др. Совместные научноисследовательские работы лежали в основе подготовки как специалистов, так и научных кадров для газотурбостроения и НКИ. Многие выпускники НКИ стали ведущими специалистами ЮТЗ и СПБ (кандидаты наук В. Е. Спицын, Ю. Я. Дашевский, А. А. Филоненко, В. Ю. Селивановский, С. Г. Кулик и многие другие). Директор ЮТЗ Н. Г. Цыбань и генеральный директор ГП НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект» Ю. Н. Бондин, главный конструктор Б. В. Исаков, главный инженер В. В. Сорочан, главный специалист по металлургии и сварке В. П. Николаенко и многие другие руководители производства — выпускники НКИ, которые внесли огромный вклад в развитие турбиностроения. Активно сотрудничали с производством также другие кафедры, например технологии судового машиностроения и сварочного производства. Первая установка для сварки в вакууме для ЮТЗ была создана кафедрой сварочного производства в начале 60-х годов. Сваривали охлаждаемые сопловые лопатки. В настоящее время невозможно представить производство турбин без вакуумных технологий. Научные разработки НКИ успешно внедрялись в турбиностроение. Докторские диссертации многих профессоров НКИ связаны с турбиностроением, в частности по этой тематике защищались С. В. Рыжков, Г. Ф. Романовский, В. Ф. Квасницкий, С. И. Сербин, А. П. Шевцов, С. С. Рыжков, А. П. Попов, Н. Я. Хлопенко и др. Сотрудничество между нынешними ГП НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект» и Национальным университетом кораблестроения является залогом дальнейшего развития турбиностроения.

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В реализации распределенных наукоемких проектов могут принимать участие от одной до нескольких десятков организаций, у каждой из которых свои функции и степень участия в проекте. В рамках крупного машиностроительного производства, подразделения которого также являются территориально обособленными, но, тем не менее, частями одного предприятия, изготовление каждого наукоемкого продукта представляет собой сложный цикл взаимодействия между ними. Если распределенность во времени — характерная черта любого проекта, то в распределенных проектах, где ресурсы и работы разнесены пространственно, нужны разработки специальных методов управления. Распределенный проект по разработке нового наукоемкого продукта создает новые проблемы для предприятия, но предоставляет возможности для повышения глобальной конкурентоспособности выпускаемых продуктов. Методы и стратегии управления проектами должны обеспечить пути для решения проблем и использования возможностей. Рассмотрим опыт создания наукоемких продуктов в промышленном секторе экономики на примере ГП НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект», занимающего прочную позицию на рынке продаж промышленных газотурбинных двигателей (ГТД). iEHIEVD?; C?GE8E9E GRDA6 FGE:6= FGECROB;DDRL Zj[

В настоящее время в мире производится ~1100 – 1200 наземных и морских ГТД. Более 70 % из них применяется в энергетике в качестве приводов электрогенераторов на электростанциях в простом, когенерационном и комбинированном циклах. Они вырабатывают как электроэнергию, так и тепло в виде пара и горячей воды, удовлетворяя требования заказчиков в получении необходимых видов энергии. В энергетике применяется самый широкий мощностной ряд ГТД от 16 КВт до 300 МВт. Ежегодный объем продаж газотурбинного оборудования составляет примерно 20 – 22 млрд дол. США. yx

На 2014 год было запланировано продать ~1280 ГТД на сумму 22,7 млрд дол. США, в т. ч.: ● энергетика — 840 ГТД на сумму 19,0 млрд дол. США; ● ГТС — 370 ГТД на сумму 3,1 млрд дол. США; ● морские — 70 ГТД на сумму 0,6 млрд дол. США. Наиболее емкие современные рынки представлены ниже: Китай

3 млрд 441млн дол. США

Россия

1 млрд 516 млн дол. США

США

1 млрд 374 млн дол. США

Бразилия

896 млн дол. США

Алжир

395 млн дол. США

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На мировом рынке продаж промышленных ГТД бесспорными лидерами в последние годы являются компании «Дженерал Электрик» (США) и «Сименс» (Германия), которые вместе занимают немногим более 50 % общего объема рынка. Рассмотрим более подробно составляющие успеха компаний — лидеров продаж энергетических ГТД. Компания «Дженерал Электрик» начала активную деятельность на мировом рынке энергетических ГТД в начале 50-х годов. К настоящему времени компания создала 14 типов энергетических ГТД. На их базе разработано 42 модификации двигателей в диапазоне мощностей от 2 до 340 МВт для применения в простом и комбинированном циклах на электростанциях различного назначения. Кроме энергетических ГТД, компания «Дженерал Электрик» производит и другое силовое оборудование (трансформаторы, генераторы, системы автоматизированного контроля и т. п.), что позволяет ей самостоятельно поставлять оборудование «под ключ». Ежегодный объем продаж компании составляет 5 – 6 млрд дол. США (в 2013 году — 5 млрд 828 млн дол. США).

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приятия на рынке продаж промышленных ГТД. Больше двигателей было поставлено только такими мощными компаниями, как «General Electric» и «Siemens». Однако учитывая тот факт, что «Зоря» – «Машпроект» реализует свою продукцию в сегменте рынка малых и средних мощностей (2,5 – 25 МВт), а «General Electric» и «Siemens» в сегменте больших мощностей (50 – 350 МВт.), которые стоят гораздо дороже, то объемы продаж несопоставимы. Основными рынками «Зоря» – «Машпроект» являются Россия и Иран, а потенциальными — страны Северной Азии, Латинской Америки и Западной Африки (табл. 1). Наиболее продаваемыми моделями ГП НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект» являются двигатели мощностью 16 и 25 МВт, поставляемые для газотранспортных систем и в энергетику.

В период с 2014 года по 2021 год компания «Дженерал Электрик» планирует продать более 3140 ГТД на общую сумму 68 млрд дол. США, что составит 25,1 % мирового рынка. С целью обеспечения высокого уровня продаж компания открыла и уже имеет представительства в более 30 странах мира и создала сервисные центры в 20 странах, в т. ч. в России и Казахстане. Другой лидер — компания «Сименс» (Германия) — имеет более 100 лет опыта работы на энергетическом рынке. Однако газотурбинными двигателями, созданными на базе тяжелых паровых турбин, начала заниматься более 60 лет назад. Это были ГТД класса мощности 40 – 90 МВт. Дальнейшее развитие мощностного ряда компания проводила за счет покупки турбостроительных заводов компаний «Растон» (Англия), «Зульцер» (Швейцария), «АльфаЛаваль» (Швеция), «Европейские газовые турбины» (Франция). Сегодня мощностной ряд компании «Сименс» составляет 15 типов ГТД мощностью от 5 до 375 МВт. Годовой объем продаж в 2013 году составил 5 млрд 554 млн дол. США (примерно 25 % мирового рынка). Однако на перспективу до 2021 года объёмы продаж несколько снизятся, примерно до 2,5 млрд дол. США в год. Предполагается, что в 2021 году объем продаж компании «Сименс» будет составлять примерно 9 % мирового рынка энергетических ГТД.

Рынок ГТД мощностью 15 – 20 МВт. Объем рынка незначительный. Основными фирмами, присутствующими на данном рынке, являются, помимо «Зоря» – «Машпроект», фирмы «General Electric» и «Pratt & Whitney». Согласно McCoy Power Reports, компания «Dresser-Rand» в 2014 году запланировала поставку 8 ГТД LM2000 для бразильской компании «Petrobras», а «Pratt & Whitney» — 18 ГТД Mobilepac для алжирской компании «Sonelgaz». Однако промышленные газотурбинные двигатели «Зоря» – «Машпроект» UGT 15000, которые на сегодня являются одними из самых надежных двигателей в данном классе мощности, также привлекают значительный интерес заказчиков, в особенности двухтопливная модификация — ДТ90. Рынок ГТД мощностью 20 – 30 МВт. Второй по объему на мировом рынке продаж промышленных ГТД. ⅓ рынка — это рынок ГТД для газотранспортных систем. Больше половины этого рынка занимают промышленные модификации ГТД UGT 25000 (ДН80, ДУ80 и ДГ80). производства НПКГ. Оставшаяся часть рынка разделена более или менее равномерно между тремя компаниями «General Electric», «Pratt & Whitney» и «Rolls-Royce». Достаточным спросом на этом рынке будет пользоваться и новый разрабатываемый двигатель ГТД 32 мощностью 32 – 35 МВт.

Ведущие игроки рынка энергетических ГТД в 2013 году «Дженерал Электрик» (США) «Сименс» (Германия) «Мицубиши Электрик» (Япония) «Солар» (США) «Альстом» (Франция) «Силовые машины» (Россия) «Роллс – Ройс» (Англия) «Пратт Уитни» (США) «Зоря» – «Машпроект»

5 млрд 828 млн дол. США 5 млрд 554 млн дол. США 2 млрд 480 млн дол. США 932 млн дол. США 890 млн дол. США 635 млн дол. США 496 млн дол. США 465 млн дол. США 350 млн дол. США

Есть определенная перспектива развития рынка ГТД 6 – 10 МВт в связи с расширением рынка распределенной энергетики. Особенно это касается больших по площадям государств, где протягивать тысячекилометровые линии электропередач нерентабельно. К таким странам относятся Россия, Китай, Бразилия, Аргентина и др.

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За почти 60 лет работы НПКГ разработал ряд газотурбинных двигателей класса от 100 кВт до 110 МВт. В настоящее время НПКГ серийно производит 8 типов двигателей от 2,5 до 25 МВт, которые имеют 25 модификаций по исполнению и условиям применения. На стадии разработки и доводки находятся еще 7 типов двигателей мощностью от 5 до 60 МВт. По результатам 2013 года НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект» занимает 8,6 % суммарного рынка промышленных ГТД по количеству поставленных двигателей для энергетики и газотранспортных систем. Это еще раз подтверждает достаточно прочную позицию пред-

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Скорость, с которой новые продукты вводятся на рынок, часто превышает скорость, с которой рынок может адаптироваться к продуктам. Вследствие этого, только продукты, которые являются стратегически разработанными и внедренными на рынок, могут yy

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Таблица 1. Ситуация на основных рынках сбыта ГТД для ГП НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект» в 2013 г.

Регион

Основные конкуренты

Ситуация на рынке

«Alstom», «General Electric», «Siemens», российские компании

50 % рынка — ГТД для энергетики и 50 % — для газотранспортных систем. Для газотранспортной системы применяются, в основном, ГТД местного российского производства или производства «Зоря» – «Машпроект».

Иран

MAPNA

MAPNA поставляет по лицензии двигатель V94.2 (160 МВт) фирмы «Siemens». Данные ГТД работают в комбинированном цикле. В 2013 году более 70 % поставок ГТД на иранский рынок были произведены ГП НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект», преимущественно, это поставки для газотранспортной системы.

Северная Азия (Китай)

«General Electric» «Siemens» «Mitsubishi»

Свыше 70 % поставок — это энергетические ГТД комбинированного цикла мощностью более 130 МВт.

Латинская Америка

«General Electric» «Pratt & Whitney» «Rolls-Royce» «Siemens»

Примерно ⅔ поставок — это энергетические ГТД. Наиболее поставляемые двигатели — ГТД мощностью 20 – 30 МВт (50 % рынка). Наиболее востребованные модели ГТД — LM2500+ («General Electric») и RB211-GT62 («Rolls-Royce»)

Африка

«General Electric» «Pratt & Whitney»

Около 75 % поставок — это энергетические ГТД. Основной заказчик — Алжирская государственная корпорация «Sonelgaz»

Украина

«Siemens» «Solar»

Активная работа компаний «Siemens» и «Solar». Компания Siemens заключила контракты на поставку газовых турбин на предприятия Украины

Россия

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выжить. Распространение продуктов, как правило, является результатом борьбы за увеличение доли рынка. К сожалению, разнообразие продуктов приводит к трудностям управления продуктом. Сложность продукта, с точки зрения разработки, производства и маркетинга, создает большое давление на деятельность и ресурсы компании.

Сильные и слабые стороны по расширению рынка продаж НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект» приведены в табл. 2. Для достижения целей увеличения объема продаж промышленных ГТД производства «Зоря» – «Машпроект» необходимо решить ряд производственных и маркетинговых задач (табл. 3).

Таблица 2. Сильные и слабые стороны по расширению рынка продаж НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект» СИЛЬНЫЕ СТОРОНЫ

СЛАБЫЕ СТОРОНЫ

1. Способность самостоятельно разработать и изготовить ГТД, механический привод для энергетики и комплектно поставить энергоблок простого цикла.

1. Отсутствие опыта поставки оборудования комбинированного цикла, проектирования и строительства электростанции «под ключ».

2. Разработанные и освоенные в производстве двухтопливные агрегаты мощностью 16 и 25 МВт.

2. Снижение компетенции в проектировании и доводке. Недостаточно отработанная стратегическая перспектива новой разработки (UGT 32 000).

3. Нарастающее наполнение портфеля заказов по энергетике, включая 1 полугодие 2014 года.

3. Повышение себестоимости продукции в процессе проектирования, закупки и производства относительно величины, закладываемой при подготовке контракта.

4. Двигатели, конвертируемые из морских, более привлекательны для Заказчиков благодаря: • большей надежности (по сравнению с авиаприводными); • большей компактности и легкости (по сравнению со стационарными турбинами).

4. По серийным двигателям — отсутствие гибкой ценовой политики предприятия из-за следующих факторов: • повышения себестоимости продукции; • недостаточно хорошего качества продукции.

5. Наличие уникальной испытательной базы для проведения натурных испытаний агрегатов.

5. Ограниченные производственные мощности для выпуска всего ассортимента заявленных ГТД (сосредоточенность на выпуске ТОЛЬКО 16 и 25 МВт-х ГТД). 6. Ориентированность на крупные заказы.

ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ

УГРОЗЫ

1. Огромная емкость энергетического рынка, которая примерно в десять раз превышает суммарную емкость рынка механических приводов и рынка морского применения.

1. Постепенное отставание по параметрам от двигателей конкурирующих компаний в среднесрочной перспективе приведет к потере рынка, наиболее чувствительного к экономическим показателям.

2. Растущий энергетический рынок России, Китая и Латинской Америки.

2. Освоение выпуска ДГ80 компанией MAPNA в среднесрочной перспективе приведет к снижению поставок на рынок Ирана в секторе 25 МВт.

3. Соглашения с проектными энергетическими институтами для включения в проект продукции ГП НПКГ.

3. Давление на Иран может привести к остановке действующих и препятствовать появлению новых проектов.

4. Сотрудничество с Китаем по зарубежным проектам, финансируемым китайскими компаниями, потенциал рынка Бразилии и стран Персидского Залива.

4. Отсутствие государственной политики защиты отечественных поставщиков на украинском рынке.

Таблица 3. Ключевые факторы успеха ГП НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект» КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ ФАКТОРЫ УСПЕХА ОБОСНОВАНИЕ 1. Создание эффективных альянсов На основных рынках Россия, Китай, Иран достаточно развито государственное рена основных рынках гулирование. Для того, чтобы не потерять рынок России и полноценно войти в рынок Китая, целесообразно рассмотреть возможность создания совместных предприятий на территории данных государств по производству ГТЭС и механических приводов на основе ГТД нашего производства. В данном случае НПКГ получит мощное местное лобби на местном рынке. 2. Сохранение уникальной особен- Одним из принципов успешного функционирования предприятия является постоности предприятия, являющегося янное обновление выпускаемой продукции. В последние годы предприятие утраи разработчиком, и производителем чивает свои позиции разработчика газотурбинной техники. Поэтому финансирогазовых турбин. вание новых образцов продукции в необходимом объеме позволит соответствовать требованиям рынка. 3. Модернизация производства. Конкурирующие компании ведут интенсивные работы по совершенствованию конструкции ГТД и внедрению новых технологий. Необходимо разработать программу модернизации технологических цепочек по всем направлениям производства — металлургии, механической обработки, контроля качества, разделив ее по приоритетности на несколько уровней. При ее разработке необходимо реально оценить источники финансирования.

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твердили заявленные параметры двигателя. Однако в дальнейшем из-за отсутствия финансирования доводочные работы были приостановлены. На данный момент предполагается доводку опытного двигателя завершить к концу 2015 года, а первую продажу осуществить в 2017 году (см. диаграмму). Данный рынок по своему потенциалу существенно уступает рынку ГТД мощностью 30 – 35 МВт. Двигатели применяются в энергетике в простом и комбинированном цикле. В 2009 – 2014 гг. в данном сегменте доминируют три типа двигателей: LM6000 компании «General Electric»; SGT-800 компании Siemens и Trent-60 компании «Rolls-Royce». В течение 2009 – 2013 гг. емкость рынка составляла 30 – 80 ед/год. В 2014 – 2017 гг. прогнозируется уровень поставок ГТД в пределах 50 ед./год. Основные конкуренты разрабатываемым двигателям представлены в табл. 4.

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С целью наращивания объемов продаж на рынке энергетических ГТД, еще в 2000 году на научнотехническом совете НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект» было принято решение о начале создания на базе уже разработанного ГТД 110 (мощностью 110 МВт) нового двигателя мощностью 45 – 60 МВт. Освоение двигателя в серии предполагалось в 2010 – 2012 годах. Однако отсутствие стабильного финансирования и неопределенность с заказчиками на территории Украины не позволили закончить все работы в назначенные сроки. К концу 2011 года было закончено производство первого опытного образца, который был поставлен на доводочные испытания на энергетический стенд в поселке Каборга Очаковского района. Уже первые проведенные испытания под;: x

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Таблица 4. Основные конкуренты НПКГ «Зоря» – «Машпроект» Фирмаизготовитель Зоря–Машпроект Rolls-Royce Siemens General Electric Зоря–Машпроект Rolls-Royce

ГТД UGT 45000 RB211-H63 SGT-800 LM6000PD UGT 60000 Trent 60 WLE

Мощность, МВт КПД, % 47,7 42,5 47,0 47,5 63,5 64,0

36,1 39,3 37,5 41,8 38,8 41,2

Ресурс назначенный, ч – – – 160 000 – –

Ресурс до кап. ремонта, ч – 40 000 40 000 –

Год выпуска проект 2010 2007 2000 проект 2001

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Abstract. The article is devoted to the actual approaches of the content management of marine infrastructure innovative projects. The innovative activity of objects of marine infrastructure is one of the main ways of their adaption to the constant changes of the environmental conditions. Found that the principle of the full life cycle management should be in the basis of management of innovative projects of marine infrastructure development. The content of life-cycle phases of innovative projects has been analyzed. The management principle of the full life cycle and technology of the program architecture development have been considered. The innovative projects should be considered in the set of corresponding programs according to the direction on the general aims. The content of projects should be clearly agreed with the mission, strategy and scripts of the program through its architecture. The architecture development foresees the definition of the mission, strategy, scripts, standard models and structures of the projects and has a feedback cycle to provide the flexibility and adaptability. The further research in this direction should be focused on the development of the standard models and structures of the innovative projects and on the rules of their appliance in terms of the specific architectures. Keywords: innovative project, program design, life cycle, marine infrastructure, content management. Đ?Đ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ´ĐľŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐš Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ Đ¸Đˇ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐžĐ˛ Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ°Đ´Đ°ĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đş ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Đź Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Đš Đ˛Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝ĐľĐš Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x2039;. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đž Ń ĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201E;Đ°Đˇ ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐ° Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đż Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐžĐź Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039;. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;, Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039;, ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐť, ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ°Ń? Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°, Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń ĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź. Đ?Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń?. Đ&#x2020;Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;ĐšĐ˝Đ° Đ´Ń&#x2013;Ń?ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžĐą'Ń&#x201D;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2013;Đ˛ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń Ń&#x152;ĐşĐžŃ&#x2014; Ń&#x2013;Đ˝Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x2020;Đľ ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ Đˇ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2013;Đ˛ Ń&#x2014;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝Ń&#x152;ĐžŃ&#x2014; Đ°Đ´Đ°ĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x2014; Đ´Đž ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2013;ĐšĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2013;Đ˝ Ń&#x192;ĐźĐžĐ˛ ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Ń&#x152;ĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2030;Đ°. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x2013;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đž ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x201E;Đ°Đˇ ĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201D;Đ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťŃ&#x192; Ń&#x2013;Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;ĐšĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2013;Đ˛, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐžĐś Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇĐłĐťŃ?Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đż Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ&#x2013;Đ˝Đ˝Ń? ĐżĐžĐ˛Đ˝Đ¸Đź ĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201D;Đ˛Đ¸Đź Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐžĐź Ń&#x2013; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłŃ&#x2013;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐ¸ Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ¸. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013; Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: Ń&#x2013;Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;ĐšĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;, Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ¸, ĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201D;Đ˛Đ¸Đš Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐť, ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń Ń&#x152;ĐşĐ° Ń&#x2013;Đ˝Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°, Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ&#x2013;Đ˝Đ˝Ń? ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź. References Bushuiev S. D., Tanaka H., Yaroshenko F. A. Upravleniye innovatsionnymi proektami i programmami na osnove sistemy znaniy Đ 2Đ&#x153; [Management of innovative projects and programs based on Đ 2M knowledge system]. Kyiv, Sammit-Kniga Publ., 2011. 272 p. y

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Burkov V. N., Blintsov V. S., Voznyy A. M., Koshkin K. V., Mikhaylov K. M., Kharitonov Yu. N., Chernov S. K., Shamray A. N. Mekhanizmy upravleniya proektami i programmami regionalnogo i otraslievogo razvitiya [Management mechanisms of projects and programs of regional and industry development]. Nikolaiev, Torubara E. S. Publ., 2010. 176 p. Problem Statement. From the perspective of the functioning of marine infrastructure objects, the innovation activity should be considered as one of the main ways of their adaptation to the constant changes of the environmental conditions. are The changes considered as a source of income are the main point of innovation and innovation activity. The content management of innovation projects includes processes which ensure the performance only of all those works which are necessary for the successful development, implementation and broadening of innovations during the project. In this regard, the study of the methodological aspects of the content management of innovative development projects of marine infrastructure objects is quite an urgent problem. Latest research and publications analysis. The analysis of publications on management of innovation processes showed the presence of a well-developed empirical and theoretical base. In particular, the problems of innovation management are discussed by the authors such as Skrypko T. A., Mykytyuk P. P., Il'yenkova S. D., Gerchykov P. N., Kovalev G. D., Ogoleva L. N. and Kruglova N. Y. The works of Bushuev S. D., Bushuyeva N. S., Tanaka H., Yaroshenko F. A., Koshkyn K. V., Chernov S. K. and others [1, 2] are devoted to the management problems of innovative projects and development programs. However, the models and methods of content management of innovative development projects of marine infrastructure objects have not been researched yet, and this caused the problematics of the work. The article aim is an analysis of content management of marine infrastructure innovation projects for the maximal usage of tasks set for the production system. Basic material. The development of business entities and national economy can be provided using the following ways: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; extensive one provides the expansion of production volume and distribution, it is carried out under the conditions of unsaturated market, in the absence of intense competition, in terms of relative stability of the environment management; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; intensive scientific and technical one involves the use of scientific and technological achievements to improve the designs and technologies of traditional (upgraded) products in order to reduce the prime cost of their production, to improve the quality, and as a result, to increase the competitiveness; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; innovative scientific and technical one provides the continuous renewal of the range of products and technologies, improvement of the production and distribution management system.

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ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ¸ Đ˛Ń ĐľĐłĐ´Đ° â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš. Đ&#x161;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž, ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐťĐ°ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐťĐ°ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x2039;, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˝Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đş ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐ°Đź. Đ&#x2019; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đľ Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐľĐľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ°, ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐ˛ Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐżŃ&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛. ĐŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đ˝Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039;. Đ&#x2019;Đ°ĐśĐ˝Đž

The development of the innovative projects for solving the urgent scientific and technical problems (tasks) provides: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; complex, system approach to solve a particular problem (aims of scientific and technological development); â&#x20AC;&#x201C; quantitative concretization of the scientific and technological development aims and rigorous reflection of the ultimate aims and results of the project in the innovations management; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; continuous end-to-end management of processes of development, assimilation, production and consumption of innovations; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; reasonable choice of the ways of the most effective project goals achievement; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; balance of the resources required for the implementation of the innovative project; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; interagency coordination and efficient management of the complex set of project activities. The principle of the full life cycle (FLC) management of the program and projects of the innovative development is in the base of the innovative development of companies which deal with the technically complex objects (including the marine infrastructure objects). The FLC management includes a list of organizational and management activities from the concept and design development to the output of results of the project realization. It also includes the project subject from the exploitation and their utilization (including control and aging monitoring). In such terms the constant modernization of technologies is expected at all stages of development of the subject project cost. This provides the production competitiveness of the innovative development programs at the international markets and allows increasing the export delivery share. The approaches to the life cycle conceptualization and program life cycle management are not much different from the approaches which are used in the management of projects. However, because of its specific features, the program management emphasizes on the following: management efficiency, methods of mission definition, management scripts. The idea of the program development should be based on the conception of the program mission construction which is characterized by the multi-vector nature and context variety contrary to the defined by the pattern or, at least, obvious content of a separate project. The program life cycle is not obvious, but it is always specific. Moreover, the methods of mission definition can take different regulated and unregulated forms which are not time-bound. In the process of program specification the program mission transforms into the script of its implementation by means of specification and plan formation based on the approved scripts alternatives in the form of the projects group. This process is known as a program architecture zÂ

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Ń Ń Đ°ĐźĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐťĐ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;, ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ, Đ˝Đ° ĐşĐ°ĐşĐžĐš Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ¸Đˇ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ¸Ń? Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đš, ĐşĐžĐłĐ´Đ° Đ¸ ĐşĐ°Đş ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐżĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039;, ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đž Đ˛Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A; Đ¸ ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đž Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐž Ń Đ´ĐľĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đź ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐť ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐťĐ°ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐˇŃ&#x2039; Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛ Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐ°Ń&#x2026; ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐ° Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039;. Đ&#x2013;Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐť ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ÂŤŃ Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x192;â&#x20AC;&#x201C;Đ˛Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇÂť, ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐ°Đş ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039;. Đ&#x2019; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźĐľ, ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ÂŤŃ Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;â&#x20AC;&#x201C;Đ˛Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Âť, Đ˛ ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đľ Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐľĐ˛ ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťŃ&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đş Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?Đź ĐźĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039; ĐżĐž Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đş ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Đź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039; ĐżĐž Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń Đ°Đź. Đ&#x;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐť ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ´ĐžĐťĐśĐľĐ˝ ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ Ń ĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đž Ń ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐžĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039;, Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ¸ Đ˛ Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Đ¸ Ń ĐźĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸ĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039;. Đ&#x2013;Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐť ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ Ń ĐľĐąŃ? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Đ¸ (Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;): ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;, Đ¸Đ˝Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ¸ Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;. ĐĄĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐš Đ¸Đˇ Ń&#x201E;Đ°Đˇ Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đž Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 1.

management. It is important to define the procedures which regulate at which stage the program mission will turn into a definite script from a variety of alternatives, when and how the group of projects of the program components is defined, who makes and approves the required changes. To achieve this, it is necessary to make the program life cycle manageable and to regulate the examination procedures of alternatives and making decisions within the life cycle of this program. The program life cycle is designed â&#x20AC;&#x153;from up to downâ&#x20AC;? and defined at the performance stage as a combination of projects life cycles, the program components. In the program which is designed â&#x20AC;&#x153;from down to upâ&#x20AC;?, in the most cases, the life cycles of projects are often difficult to adapt to the requirements of the program mission on the value formation, and also to attach them to the program limitations according to time and resources. Thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s why the life cycle of each project should be developed together with the program life cycle, taking into account features of the program life cycle and according to the program mission. The life cycle of the project of innovative development includes three stages (phases): pre-investment, investment and exploitation. The content of each phase of the innovative development is shown in Table 1.

Table 1. The Content of Phases of the Innovative Project Life Cycle Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 1. ĐĄĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201E;Đ°Đˇ ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐ° Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Stage Name Đ?Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Đ¸

Stage Content ĐĄĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Đ¸

Formation of the innovation concept is performed; Đ&#x17E;Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐˇĐ°ĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń ĐťĐ°; Ultimate aims of the innovative project are formulated; Pre â&#x20AC;&#x201C; investment Đ¤ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x192;ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐ¸ Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°; Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ways of achievement of target aims, the need in the resources and sources of their income are defined. Đ&#x17E;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľĐš, ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?.

Investment Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń?

Innovative project development / Đ Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ° Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; analysis of alternative variants of project realization and selection of the best variant; Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; project realization planning, the selection of executors, the project documentation execution. Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°, Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš, ĐžŃ&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ´ĐžĐşŃ&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸. Innovative project realization / Đ ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; work performance on the realization of tasks; ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; control of the performance of timetables and resources consumption; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152; Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐ°ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń ĐžĐ˛; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; correction of the resultant declinations; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ¸ĐşŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; project performance regulation. Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐłŃ&#x192;ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°.

Exploitation ĐĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń?

Project completion / Đ&#x2014;Đ°Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; delivery of the project results to the customer; Ń Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşŃ&#x192;; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; contract closure. ĐˇĐ°ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Exploitation (usage) of the project results. ĐĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? (Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ) Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°.

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The program architecture is a number of developed structures and interconnections among the numerous components of projects combined into the program with prescribed functions and flexibility which is required for the program adaptation to the changes in the environment. The architecture management includes the structuring of the developed program, control of the activity in terms of the program, realization of its functionality, providing the program subsystems with the vision of the future desired condition to obtain the program significance. The program designing in terms of its architecture design should not only consider the effective program response to the changes in the environment, but also be characterized by the definite innovativeness and introduce it to the program missions. The following five steps are implemented under the program design (Fig. 1.): 1) connection of the program scripts with processes provided by the strategy of its performance; 2) development of the models applied for usage in projects; 3) formation of the required management structures; 4) function definition for each structure element; 5) provision of the program working efficiency. These steps define the sequence of the program architecture designing, realization of its creative mission, development of the program functions and interconnections of the project components from the position of the program life cycle. The necessity of the prospective management of program value and value of its life cycle defines the practicability of the program design and management of its architecture. The program architecture based on the definite missions and scripts includes: 1) basic requirements to the program; 2) program life cycle; 3) basic structure; 4) general functions; 5) basic operating activity. It is necessary to admit that the mission definition sets the basic requirements to the program, and the preparation of the scripts bases on the development of hypotheses which are formed under the comparison of the Mission/Program Script

Strategy Formation Strategy Formation

To Provide Security

To Use Functions

Project Modeling

To Form Form To Structure Structure

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program development history with its predicted condition in the future. The interrelations and interconnections between projects are set consequently under the basic program structure. The basic specification of the program products is developed and transformed into the required module projects in terms of definition of its general functions. The program is developed to implement the values of its mission using the alternative analysis of reactions on the structural and functional changes in the organization which realize the program and also the ambient environment changes. Under the primary program development the roadmap and control rules are made in the form of a pattern. Due to this fact the program productivity is increased by means of the accounting of assumptions and hypotheses which are accepted in the scripts and also through the modeling of processes and restrictions which depend on the changes in the environment. The task of the program architecture management lies in the possibility to develop the conceptual or basic program plan by means of the program product. In other words, to develop the basic structure, general functions and basic operating activity in terms of the program, as it is shown in Fig. 2. CONCLUSION. 1. The principle of the full life cycle management should be in the basis of innovative projects management of marine infrastructure development. 2. The innovative projects should be considered in the set of corresponding programs according to the main aims. The content of projects should be clearly agreed with the mission, strategy and scripts of the program through its architecture.

Division Divisionand and Interrelations Interrelations in inProject Project Basic Structure Basic Structure Program Life Program LifeCycle Cycle

Project Functions Functions Project Architecture Architecture

GeneralFunctions Functions General

Module Projects Module Projects

Basic BasicOperating Operating Activity Activity

Roadmap/Rules Roadmap/Rules Modeling Modeling

Fig. 2. Main tasks of the program architecture management: Đ Đ¸Ń . 2. Đ&#x17E;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039;: Architecture â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°; Basic Structure â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°; General Functions â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸; Basic Operating Activity â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐąĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? ĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ´ĐľŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;; Division and Interrelations in Project â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐť Đ¸ Đ˛ĐˇĐ°Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ¸ Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đľ; Program Life Cycle â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐť ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039;; Project Functions â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°; Module Projects â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;; Roadmap/Rules â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ˝Đ°Ń? ĐşĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°/ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐ°; Modeling â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ

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3. Разработка архитектуры предусматривает определение миссии, стратегии, сценариев, стандартных моделей и структур проектов и имеет цикл обратной связи для обеспечения гибкости и адаптивности. 4. Дальнейшие исследования в данном направлении будут направлены на разработку стандартных моделей и структур инновационных проектов развития морской инфраструктуры и правил их применения в рамках специфических архитектур.

3. The architecture development foresees the definition of the mission, strategy, scripts, standard models and structures of the projects and has a feedback cycle to provide the flexibility and adaptability. 4. The further research in this direction should be focused on the development of the standard models and structures of the innovative projects of the marine infrastructure development and at the rules of their appliance in terms of the specific architectures. Список литературы [1]

Бушуев, С. Д. Управление инновационными проектами и программами на основе системы знаний Р2М [Текст] / С. Д. Бушуев, Х. Танака, Ф. А. Ярошенко. — К. : Саммит-Книга, 2011. — 272 с.

[2]

Механизмы управления проектами и программами регионального и отраслевого развития [Текст] : монография / В. Н. Бурков, В. С. Блинцов, А. М. Возный, К. В. Кошкин, К. М. Михайлов Ю. Н. Харитонов, С. К. Чернов, А. Н. Шамрай. — Николаев : Изд-во Торубары Е.С., 2010. — 176 с. _______________________________________ © К. В. Кошкин, А. М. Возный, И. В. Антыкова Статью рекомендует в печать д-р техн. наук, проф. С. К. Чернов

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Serhiy S. Ryzhkov Konstantin V. Koshkin Lyudmila S. Chernova

ĐĄ. ĐĄ. Đ Ń&#x2039;ĐśĐşĐžĐ˛, Đ´-Ń&#x20AC; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201E;. rektor@nuos.edu.ua ORC ID: 0000-0001-9560-2765 Đ&#x161;. Đ&#x2019;. Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐşĐ¸Đ˝, Đ´-Ń&#x20AC; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201E;. konstantin.koshkin@nuos.edu.ua ORC ID: 0000-0003-2545-1388 Đ&#x203A;. ĐĄ. Đ§ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°, Đ°Ń Đż. liudmila.chernova@nuos.edu.ua ORC ID: 0000-0002-0666-0742

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Abstract. In the article the main directions of content management of projects and programs on the competitive growth of gas and turbine building industry have been defined. The competitive strengths for â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? products in the energy area for gas pipeline systems and ship GTEs are analyzed. A mathematical model is developed and the method for the rational projects portfolio formation at the enterprise which produces the GTI is proposed. Taking into account the capacity range of engines, the dynamics of supply of GTSPC â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? products applied to the stable tapped markets is studied. The methods of the GTE competitive growth by means of modernization of the operated ones and development of the new ones are considered. A concept of formation of competitive production program of Ukrainian gas turbine enterprise is proposed. Keywords: gas turbine building, competition, projects and programs, production program. Đ?Đ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x17E;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐź ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐťĐ¸. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ° ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐżŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039; Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Ń ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ, ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039;, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźĐ°.

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Đ?Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń?. Đ&#x2019;Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đž ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2013; Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐźĐşĐ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ&#x2013;Đ˝Đ˝Ń? ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2013;Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đź ĐżŃ&#x2013;Đ´Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2013; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´Ń&#x2013;Đ˛ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2014; ĐłĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐˇŃ&#x2013;. Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐżĐžĐ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đž ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐżŃ&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x192;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ&#x2014; Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐžŃ&#x2014; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2014;Đ˝Ń Ń&#x152;ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´Ń&#x2013;Đ˛ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x2013;Đ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201D;ĐźŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013; Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´Ń&#x192;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń?, ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń?, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ¸, Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ°. References Burkov V. N., Burkova I. V., Irikov V. A. Upravlenie innovatsionnym razvitiem regionov: sovremennyy podkhod [Innovating Development Management of Regions]. Problemy teorii i praktiki upravleniya â&#x2C6;&#x2019; Problems of the theory and practice of management, Moscow, 2010, no 11/10, pp. 8â&#x20AC;&#x201C;12. Burkova I. V., Tkachenko M. V., Churakov P. P. Zadacha vybora mnozhestva proektov pri vypuske innovatsionnoy produktsii [Release of Innovative Products: Problem of Numerous Projects Selection]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta [Bulletin of Voronezh state technical university], 2010, vol.6, no 9, pp.120â&#x20AC;&#x201C;124. Gayda A. Yu., Kvasnevskiy Ye. A., Koshkin K. V., Adaptivnoe upravlenie resursami portfelya proektov naukoemkogo proizvodstva v sisteme s prognoziruyushchey modelyu [Adaptive resources management of project portfolio of knowledge-intensive enterprise in the system with predictive model]. Tekhnologicheskiye sistemy â&#x2C6;&#x2019; Technological systems, 2012, pp. 85â&#x20AC;&#x201C;88. z|

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

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Barkolov P. S., Burkova I. V., Glagolev A. V., Kolpachev V. N. Zadachi raspredeleniya resursov v upravlenii proektami [Resource distribution in project management]. Đ&#x153;oscow, Institute problem upravleniya im. V. A. Trapeznikova Publ., 2002. 63 p. Koshkin K., Voznyy A., Shamray A. Finansirovanie portfelya proektov sudostroitelnogo predpriyatiya [Financing of Project Portfolio of Shipbuilding Enterprise]. Skhidno-Evropeyskyi zhurnal peredovych technologii â&#x2C6;&#x2019; Easterneuropean journal of enterprise technologies, 2010, vol. 1, no. 2 (43), pp. 17â&#x20AC;&#x201C;19. Available at: URL http://journals. uran.ua/eejet/art-iele/view/2497. Koshkin K. V., Chernova L. S., Yani A. Yu. Formirovanie ratsionalnogo portfelya proektov naukoemkogo predpriyatiya [Formation of the rational project portfolio of knowledge-intensive enterprise]. Vostochno-Evropeyskiy zhurnal peredovych tekhnologiy â&#x2C6;&#x2019; Eastern-european journal of enterprise technologies, 2013, no 1/10 (61), pp.14â&#x20AC;&#x201C;16. Burkov V. N., Blintsov V. S., Koshkin K. V. et al. Mekhanizmy upravleniya proektami i programmami regionalnogo i otraslevogo razvitiya [Mechanisms of projects and programs management of regional and industry branch development]. Nikolayev, Torubara Ye. S. Publ., 2010. 176 p. Voznyy A. M., Dragomirov V. V., Kazarezov A. Ya., Koshkin K. V., Fateev N. V., Kharitonov Yu. N., Chernov S. K. Modeli, metody i algoritmicheskiye obespecheniya proektov razvitiya naukoemkikh proizvodstv [Models, methods and algorithms for projects and programs of knowledge-intensive enterprise]. Nikolayev, NUK Publ., 2009. 194 p. Ryzhkov S. S., Koshkin K. V., Chernova L. S. Proektno-orientirovannye podkhody povysheniya konkurentosposobnosti realnogo naukoemkogo sektora ekonomiki Ukrainy [Project-oriented approaches to competitive growth of the existed knowledge-intensive sector of economic activity branch of ukraine]. Upravlinnia proektamy: stany ta perspektyvy. Materialy IX Mizhnarodnoi Naukovo-Praktychnoi Konferentsii [Project Management: Status and Prospects. Materials IV Intern. scientific-practical. conf.]. Nikolayev, NUK, September 23, 2012, pp. 63â&#x20AC;&#x201C;64. Burkov V. N., Bushuev S. D., Voznyy A. M., Koshkin K. V., Ryzhkov S. S., Tanaka Kh., Chernova L. S., Shamray A. N. Sozdaniye i razvitiye konkurentosposobnosti proektnoorientirovannykh naukoemkikh predpriyatiy [Creation and development of competitiveness of project-oriented knowledge-intensive enterprises]. Nikolayev, Torubara Ye.S. Publ., 2011. 260 p. Đ&#x;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;. 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(Đ?Đ&#x;Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201C;) ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âť â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ˛ ĐŁĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Đľ Đ¸ ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Đź Đ¸Đˇ Đ˝ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐź ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐş (Đ&#x201C;Đ˘ĐŁ) Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x201D;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸ĐşĐ° ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ° Đ&#x201C;Đ˘ĐŁ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âťâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 1. Đ&#x161;Đ°Đş Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ¸Đˇ Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 1, ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âťâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đş 2017 Đł. ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ 28 % ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ° ĐżĐž ĐşĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192; Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš (Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D;), Đ˛ 2012 Đł. Đ´ĐžĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐťĐ° 14,1 % ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ°. Đ&#x;Đž Ń ĐľĐłĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đź ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; Đ´ĐžĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âťâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐłĐťŃ?Đ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đź ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐź: 5,0â&#x20AC;Ś7,5 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžŃ&#x201A; 7,5 % Đ˛ 2012 Đł. Đ´Đž 12,2 % Đ˛ 2017 Đł.; 8,0â&#x20AC;Ś11,0 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžŃ&#x201A; 4,5 % Đ˛ 2012 Đł. Đ´Đž 20,4 % Đ˛ 2017 Đł.; 13,0â&#x20AC;Ś18,0 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžŃ&#x201A; 8,8 % Đ˛ 2012 Đł. Đ´Đž 47,5 % Đ˛ 2017 Đł.; 22,0â&#x20AC;Ś27,0 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžŃ&#x201A; 34,1 % Đ˛ 2012 Đł. Đ´Đž 41,1 % Đ˛ 2017 Đł.

Problem Statement. Gas turbine building refers to the knowledge-intensive industries where the share of the production development expenditures is 3.5â&#x20AC;Ś 4.0 % of the total expenditures or more. Gas turbine building enterprise competitiveness is greatly facilitated by the efficient dynamic interaction between innovation and production components of the enterprise which is possible only within the project-oriented and project-driven enterprises [7â&#x20AC;&#x201C;10]. The state enterprise â&#x20AC;&#x153;Gas Turbine Research and Production Complex (GT RPC) â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? is the main one in Ukraine and one of the few manufacturers of gas turbine units (GTU) for different purposes in the world. The dynamics of the global market of GTU for different purposes and production of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? is shown in Fig. 1. As follows from Fig. 1, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? is planning to take over 28 % of the world market by the number of installed gas turbine engines (GTE) in 2017, in 2012 the production share of the enterprise amounted to 14.1 % of the world market. By the GTE segment capacities the production shares of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? is as follows: 5.0â&#x20AC;Ś7.5 MW â&#x20AC;&#x201D; from 7.5 % in 2012 to 12.2 % in 2017; 8.0â&#x20AC;Ś11.0 MW â&#x20AC;&#x201D; from 4.5 % in 2012 to 20.4 % in 2017; 13.0â&#x20AC;Ś18.0 MW â&#x20AC;&#x201D; from 8.8 % in 2012 to 47.5 % in 2017; 22.0â&#x20AC;Ś27.0 MW â&#x20AC;&#x201D; from 34.1 % in 2012 to 41.1 % in 2017. z}

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; `iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb`

units / ĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2039; 600 500

556 473

496

463

494

482

484

477

493

400 300 200 158

100 0

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017 year / ĐłĐžĐ´

Fig. 1. Dynamics of the world market of GTU (energy, mechanical drive, marine engines) by the number of installed engines and production of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;? â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? Đ Đ¸Ń . 1. Đ&#x201D;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸ĐşĐ° ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ° Đ&#x201C;Đ˘ĐŁ (Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ°, ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐ´, ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐ¸) ĐżĐž Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťŃ&#x192; Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âť â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť: â&#x20AC;&#x201D; â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? / ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âťâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť;

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; market volume / ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ°

In the 30.0â&#x20AC;Ś60.0 MW power range the production share of the enterprise is low. Of course, such ambitious plans of the enterprise require the serious analysis of the competitive environment (dynamic environment), related delivery of the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? production, and development of the appropriate mechanisms to ensure its competitiveness. The GTE life cycle can distinguish the following basic stages: Stage 1. Marketing research. Stage 2. Development and refinement in order to confirm the stated parameters, development and launch of mass production. Stage 3. Mass production. Refinement of engines according to the results of the trial operation. Modernization of engines aimed at improving competitiveness and better suitability to the Customerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s requirements. Stage 4. Obsolescence of the engine. Falling demand to the critical minimum. Inadvisability of further modernization. Termination of the mass production. In such a case spare parts production and repairs performance on favorable conditions for enterprises can still continue until the full lack of demand. The main production of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? with positioning of the life cycle stage and further production assessment is given in Tables 1â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3. Results of the simplified SWOT-analysis for the production of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? are given in Tables 4â&#x20AC;&#x201C;6. Among the main competitors we should note such companies as â&#x20AC;&#x153;Rolls-Royceâ&#x20AC;?, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Solarâ&#x20AC;?, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Perm Motorsâ&#x20AC;?, General Electric, Pratt & Whitney, Siemens for production in the power field; Solar, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Saturnâ&#x20AC;? SPO, Rolls-Royce, Siemens, Motor Sich, Perm Motors, General Electric, JSC â&#x20AC;&#x153;Kuznetsovâ&#x20AC;? for gas transmission systems; General Electric, Vericor, Rolls-Royce for marine GTE.

Đ&#x2019; Đ´Đ¸Đ°ĐżĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˝Đľ ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš 30,0â&#x20AC;Ś60,0 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A; Đ´ĐžĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Đ˝ĐľĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°. Đ&#x2018;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ˝Đž, Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐ¸Đľ Đ°ĐźĐąĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;ĐľĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐžĐąŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ (Đ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?), Ń ĐžĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âťâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť, Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐžĐ˛, ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐľĐľ ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;. Đ&#x2019; ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐľ Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Đ¸: 1-Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˝ĐłĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?. 2-Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Ń?. Đ Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ° Đ¸ Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐşĐ° Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐˇĐ°Ń?Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, ĐžŃ Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸ ĐˇĐ°ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đş Ń ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°. 3-Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Ń?. ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž. Đ&#x201D;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ° Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš ĐżĐž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đź ĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸. Đ&#x153;ĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš, Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?Đź Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛. 4-Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x153;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ?. Đ&#x;Đ°Đ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Đ° Đ´Đž ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;ĐźĐ°. Đ?ĐľŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľŃ ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ´Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐľĐšŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐš ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž ĐˇĐ°ĐżĐ°Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Đ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐłĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐľŃ&#x2030;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń? Đ´Đž ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Đ°. Đ&#x17E;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐž ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âťâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť Ń ĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Đ¸ ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐ° Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸ Đ´Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐľĐšŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 1â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3. Đ ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž SWOT-Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âťâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 4â&#x20AC;&#x201C;6. ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đź ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ÂŤRolls-RoyceÂť, ÂŤSolarÂť, ÂŤĐ&#x;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Âť, General Electric, Pratt & Whitney, Siemens Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˛ ĐžĐąĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸; Solar, Đ?Đ&#x;Đ&#x17E; ÂŤĐĄĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Âť, Rolls-Royce, Siemens, Đ&#x153;ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐĄĐ¸Ń&#x2021;, Đ&#x;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;, General Electric, Đ&#x17E;Đ?Đ&#x17E; ÂŤĐ&#x161;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2020;ĐžĐ˛Âť Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź; General Electric, Vericor, Rolls-Royce Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D;. z~

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

`iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb` Table 1. Power Production Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 1. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ GTE Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; UGT16000 (DZh59) UGT16000 (Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x2013;59) UGT2500 (DR49) UGT2500 (Đ&#x201D;Đ 49) UGT6000 (DT71) UGT6000 (Đ&#x201D;Đ˘71) UGT15000 (DB90, DTs90, DT90) UGT15000 (Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x2018;90, Đ&#x201D;ĐŚ90, Đ&#x201D;Đ˘90) UGT25000 (DG80) UGT25000 (Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x201C;80) UGT5000 (DGT-5) UGT5000 (DGT-5) UGT8000 (DT70P) UGT8000 (Đ&#x201D;Đ˘70Đ&#x;) UGT45000 (GTE-45) UGT45000 (Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ-45) UGT60000 (GTE-60) UGT60000 (Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ-60)

Facilities ĐŁŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸

Life cycle Đ&#x2013;Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐť

Further production assessment Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ° Đ´Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐľĐšŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ°

2-nd generation 2-Đľ ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ GTE-15, UGT16000, UGT16000C, Obsolescence, slumping demand UGT16000CC Mass production Đ&#x153;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ, Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D;-15, UGT16000, UGT16000C, ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Đ° UGT16000CC 3-d generation 3-Đľ ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ UGT2500, UGT2500C Trial production Small, minimum demand UGT2500, UGT2500C Đ&#x17E;ĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Đ?Đ¸ĐˇĐşĐ°Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš UGT6000, UGT6000C Mass production Medium, stable demand UGT6000, UGT6000C ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš UGT15000, UGT15000C, UGT15000CC UGT15000, UGT15000C, UGT15000CC

Mass production ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž

Medium, stable demand ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš

4-th generation / 4-Đľ ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ UGT25000, UGT25000C, UGT25000CC Mass production UGT25000, UGT25000C, UGT25000CC ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž UGT5000, UGT5000C Development, refinement UGT5000, UGT5000C Đ Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ°, Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐşĐ° UGT8000, UGT8000C Refinement UGT8000, UGT8000C Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐşĐ° UGT45000, UGT45600CC Development, refinement UGT45000, UGT45600CC Đ Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ°, Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐşĐ° UGT45000, UGT60000CC Development, refinement UGT45000, UGT60000CC Đ Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ°, Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐşĐ°

High, stable demand Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Medium, small demand ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐşĐ¸Đš Medium, reasonable demand ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš High, reasonable demand Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš High, reasonable demand Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš

Table 2. Mechanical Drive Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 2. Đ&#x153;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐ´ GTE Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D;

GCU type* Đ˘Đ¸Đż Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x;Đ?*

UGT16000 (DZh59) UGT16000 (Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x2013;59)

GCU-16S Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x;Đ?-16ĐĄ

Packager Life cycle Đ&#x;Ń?ĐşĐ¸Đ´ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC; Đ&#x2013;Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐť 2-nd generation 2-Đľ ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Sumy Frunze NPO ĐĄĐ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ&#x17E; Đ¸Đź. Đ¤Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐˇĐľ

Mass production ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž

3-d generation 3-Đľ ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ UGT6000 (DT71) GCU-6S Sumy Frunze NPO Mass production UGT6000 (Đ&#x201D;Đ˘71) Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x;Đ?-6ĐĄ ĐĄĐ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ&#x17E; Đ¸Đź. Đ¤Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐˇĐľ ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Sumy Frunze NPO, KMPO, Mass production UGT15000 (DG90) GCU-16S Iskra SPO ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž UGT15000 (Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x201C;90) Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x;Đ?-16ĐĄ ĐĄĐ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ&#x17E; Đ¸Đź. Đ¤Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐˇĐľ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ&#x17E;, Đ?Đ&#x;Đ&#x17E; Đ&#x2DC;Ń ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ° 4-th generation 4-Đľ ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ UGT25000 Sumy Frunze NPO, KMPO, (DN80, DU80, DI80) GCU-25S Mass production Iskra SPO, MAPNA Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x;Đ?25ĐĄ UGT25000 ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž ĐĄĐ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ&#x17E; Đ¸Đź. Đ¤Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐˇĐľ (Đ&#x201D;Đ?80, Đ&#x201D;ĐŁ80, Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x2DC;80) Đ&#x161;Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ&#x17E;, Đ?Đ&#x;Đ&#x17E; Đ&#x2DC;Ń ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°, Đ&#x153;Đ?Đ&#x;Đ?Đ? UGT8000 Trial operation, GCU-8S (DT70P) Sumy Frunze NPO refinement Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x;Đ?-8ĐĄ UGT8000 ĐĄĐ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ&#x17E; Đ¸Đź. Đ¤Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐˇĐľ Đ&#x17E;ĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?, (Đ&#x201D;Đ˘70Đ&#x;) Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐşĐ° UGT10000 (DN70, DI70) UGT10000 (Đ&#x201D;Đ?70, Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x2DC;70)

GCU-10 Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x;Đ?-10

Further production assessment Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ° Đ´Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐľĐšŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ° Medium, reasonable demand, obsolescence ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš, ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Medium, reasonable demand ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš High, stable demand Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš

High, stable demand Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Medium, stable demand ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš

Medium, may be high in case of acTrial operation, ceptance of GTS modernization unit refinement ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń?, ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń? Đ&#x17E;ĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?, Đ˛ Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐşĐ° ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ&#x201C;Đ˘ĐĄ

Sumy Frunze NPO ĐĄĐ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ&#x17E; Đ¸Đź. Đ¤Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐˇĐľ

*Here GCU â&#x20AC;&#x201C; gas compressor unit / *Đ&#x2014;Đ´ĐľŃ Ń&#x152; Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x;Đ? â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đš Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; `iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb`

Table 3. Marine GTE Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 3. Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; GTE Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D;

Installations ĐŁŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸

Life cycle Đ&#x2013;Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐť 2-nd generation 2-Đľ ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ

Đ&#x153;7N1, Đ&#x153;3N, Đ&#x153;9B, Đ&#x153;5N, UGT16000 (DT59, DI59) Đ&#x153;21, Đ&#x153;25, Đ&#x153;10D Mass production UGT16000 (Đ&#x201D;Đ˘59, Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x2DC;59) Đ&#x153;7Đ?1, Đ&#x153;3Đ? ,Đ&#x153;9Đ&#x2018;, Đ&#x153;5Đ?, ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Đ&#x153;21, Đ&#x153;25, Đ&#x153;10Đ&#x201D; 3-d generation 3-Đľ ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ&#x153;27, Đ&#x153;7N1, Đ&#x153;5N, Đ&#x153;21, UGT6000 (DS71, DP71) Đ&#x153;35, Đ&#x153;Đ˘70 Mass production UGT6000 (Đ&#x201D;ĐĄ71, Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x;71) Đ&#x153;27, Đ&#x153;7Đ?1, Đ&#x153;5Đ?, Đ&#x153;21, ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Đ&#x153;35, Đ&#x153;Đ˘70 UGT3000 (DS76) Đ&#x153;15 Mass production UGT3000 (Đ&#x201D;ĐĄ76) Đ&#x153;15 ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž UGT6000+ Đ&#x153;15, Đ&#x153;73, Đ&#x153;79, Đ&#x153;20 Mass production (DS77, DP73, DP79) Đ&#x153;15, Đ&#x153;73, Đ&#x153;79, Đ&#x153;20 ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž UGT6000+ (Đ&#x201D;ĐĄ77, Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x;73, Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x;79) UGT15000 (DO90) UGT15000 (Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x17E;90)

Đ&#x153;27, Đ&#x153;44, Đ&#x153;9Đ&#x2018; Đ&#x153;27, Đ&#x153;44, Đ&#x153;9Đ&#x2018;

UGT15000+ (DA91) UGT15000+ (Đ&#x201D;Đ?91)

Đ&#x153;55R Đ&#x153;55Đ

UGT25000 (DA80) UGT25000 (Đ&#x201D;Đ?80)

Further production assessment Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ° Đ´Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐľĐšŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ°

Medium, decreasing, obsolescence ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń?, Ń Đž Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź, ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ

High, stable demand Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Medium, reasonable demand ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš High, stable demand Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš

Mass production ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž

High, stable demand Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš

Mass production ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž 4-th generation / 4-Đľ ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ CODAG (China) Mass production CODAG (Đ&#x161;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đš) ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž

High, stable demand Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš High, stable demand Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń?, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš

Table 4. Competitive Advantages and Threats of the External Environment for the Production of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;? â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? in the Power Field Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 4. Đ&#x161;ĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇŃ&#x2039; Đ˛Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝ĐľĐš Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x2039; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âťâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť Đ˛ ĐžĐąĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES Đ&#x161;Đ&#x17E;Đ?Đ&#x161;ĐŁĐ Đ&#x2022;Đ?Đ˘Đ?ĐŤĐ&#x2022; Đ&#x;Đ Đ&#x2022;Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x153;ĐŁĐŠĐ&#x2022;ĐĄĐ˘Đ&#x2019;Đ? 1. Ability to independently develop and produce GTE, mechanical drive for power engineering in combination with the power facilities of the simple cycle. 1. ĐĄĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Đ°ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸ Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D;, ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐ´ Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Đž ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐžĐąĐťĐžĐş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐ°. 2. Developed and utilized in the production dual-fuel plants with the capacity of 16 and 25MW. 2. Đ Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đľ Đ´Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐżĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; 16 Đ¸ 25 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;. 3. Engines, convertible from the marine ones, are more attractive to Customers because of the greater reliability (compared with aviation ones) and greater compactness and lightness (compared with stationary turbines), which in the future may be defining when choosing the GTE for the modernization of existing power facilities in the CIS. 3. Đ&#x201D;Đ˛Đ¸ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐ¸, ĐşĐžĐ˝Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸Đˇ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026;, ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐťĐľĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐąĐťĐ°ĐłĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń? ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐš Đ˝Đ°Đ´ĐľĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ (ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń Đ°Đ˛Đ¸Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸) Đ¸ ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐš ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ ĐťĐľĐłĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ (ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń Đž Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąĐ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸), Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đľ ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ ĐĄĐ?Đ&#x201C;. 4. Availability of unique test facilities for full-scale testing of the units. 4. Đ?Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ¸Ń ĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐąĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Ń ĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛.

THREATS OF THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ĐŁĐ&#x201C;Đ Đ&#x17E;Đ&#x2014;ĐŤ Đ&#x2019;Đ?Đ&#x2022;Đ¨Đ?Đ&#x2022;Đ&#x2122; ĐĄĐ Đ&#x2022;Đ&#x201D;ĐŤ 1. Gradual lag of engines parameters of the competing companies in the medium term will lead to the market loss which is the most sensitive to economic indicators. 1. Đ&#x;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐž ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đź ĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝ĐľŃ Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đş ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ°, Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x192;Đ˛Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đş Ń?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đź ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ?Đź. 2. Assimilation of DG80 production by the MAPNA company in the medium term will lead to supplies reduction in the market in the Middle East in the 25 MW sector. 2. Đ&#x17E;Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ° Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x201C;80 ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐš Đ&#x153;Đ?Đ&#x;Đ?Đ? Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝ĐľŃ Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đş Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐžĐş Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐžĐş Đ&#x2018;ĐťĐ¸ĐśĐ˝ĐľĐłĐž Đ&#x2019;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ° Đ˛ Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ 25 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;. 3. Pressure on the countries of the Middle East may lead to the interruption of the current projects and prevention of the new ones. 3. Đ&#x201D;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ&#x2018;ĐťĐ¸ĐśĐ˝ĐľĐłĐž Đ&#x2019;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ° ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đş ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐľ Đ´ĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐżŃ?Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đş ĐżĐžŃ?Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛.

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`iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb` Table 5. Competitive Advantages and Threats of the External Environment for Gas Transmission Systems Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 5. Đ&#x161;ĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇŃ&#x2039; Đ˛Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝ĐľĐš Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x2039; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES Đ&#x161;ĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° 1. High credibility with Customers as a developer and supplier of equipment, extensive reference list on GTE of the given direction. 1. Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ¸Đš Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x192; Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐşĐ°Đş Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐ° Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐşĐ° ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?, ĐžĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201E;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń -ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A; ĐżĐž Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?. 2. Ability to independently develop and produce GTE and mechanical drive. 2. ĐĄĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Đ°ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸ Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; Đ¸ ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐ´. 3. Participation in large-scale deliveries to the Middle East and OJSC â&#x20AC;&#x153;Gazpromâ&#x20AC;? of the RF. 3. ĐŁŃ&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ Đ˛ ĐźĐ°Ń Ń&#x2C6;Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ° Đ&#x2018;ĐťĐ¸ĐśĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ&#x2019;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐş Đ¸ Đ&#x17E;Đ?Đ&#x17E; ÂŤĐ&#x201C;Đ°ĐˇĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźÂť Đ Đ¤.

4. Large base of the installed GTE provides a large amount of repairs. 4. Đ&#x2018;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐžĐš ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đş Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐžĐš ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛.

THREATS OF THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ĐŁĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇŃ&#x2039; Đ˛Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝ĐľĐš Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x2039; 1. Alliances of the RF enterprises with foreign companies with the localization of production in the RF (especially RPE Holding) and their support by Gazprom may lead to a significant share drawdown of the SPGC production in Russia. 1. Đ?ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń?Đ˝Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš Đ Đ¤ Ń ĐˇĐ°ĐżĐ°Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ Ń ĐťĐžĐşĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ˛ Đ Đ¤ (ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ ĐĐ&#x;-ĐĽĐžĐťĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đł) Đ¸ Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐ´Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐşĐ° Đ&#x201C;Đ°ĐˇĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐžĐź ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đş ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đ´ĐžĐťĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ?Đ&#x;Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201C; Đ˛ Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸Đ¸. 2. Assimilation of DU80 production by the MAPNA company in the medium term will lead to the loss of market in the Middle East in the 25 MW sector. 2. Đ&#x17E;Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ° Đ&#x201D;ĐŁ80 ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐš Đ&#x153;Đ?Đ&#x;Đ?Đ? Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝ĐľŃ Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đş ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ° Đ&#x2018;ĐťĐ¸ĐśĐ˝ĐľĐłĐž Đ&#x2019;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ° Đ˛ Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ 25Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;. 3. Pressure hazard on the Middle East may lead to the interruption of the current projects. In this case OJSC â&#x20AC;&#x153;Gazpromâ&#x20AC;? of the RF will take pressure on the SPGC to reduce prices. 3. ĐŁĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇĐ° Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ° Đ&#x2018;ĐťĐ¸ĐśĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ&#x2019;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐş ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đş ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ¸ĐžĐ˝Đľ. Đ&#x2019; Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đľ Đ&#x17E;Đ?Đ&#x17E; ÂŤĐ&#x201C;Đ°ĐˇĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźÂť Đ Đ¤ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ° Đ?Đ&#x;Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201C; Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝. 4. Lack of targeted programs on protection of the domestic suppliers of gas turbine equipment in the Ukrainian market. 4. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐź ĐżĐž ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Ń ĐşĐžĐź Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐľ.

5. Presence of the unique test facilities for the full-scale testing of the units. 5. Đ?Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ¸Ń ĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐąĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Ń ĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛. Table 6. Competitive Advantages and Threats of the External Environment for Marine GTE Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 6. Đ&#x161;ĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇŃ&#x2039; Đ˛Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝ĐľĐš Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x2039; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES Đ&#x161;ĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° 1. The only monopoly supplier of marine GTE in the former USSR. 1. Đ&#x2022;Đ´Đ¸Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐźĐžĐ˝ĐžĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đş ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x201C;Đ˘ĐŁ Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐąŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐłĐž ĐĄĐĄĐĄĐ . 2. A lot of experience and the ability to independently perform the full range of activities on development and supply of the marine unites. 2. Đ?Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐžĐłĐž ĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ¸ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Đ°ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐľ Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐşĐľ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛. 3. Through integrated delivery of all equipment optimal timing of the ships construction is provided. 3. Đ&#x2014;Đ° Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ Đ˛Ń ĐľĐłĐž ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐšĐşĐ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐťĐľĐš. 4. Large base of the installed GTE provides a large amount of repairs. 4. Đ&#x2014;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đş Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x201C;Đ˘ĐŁ ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐžĐš ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°. 5. The established political loyalty of the strategic Customers to the post-Soviet equipment. 5. ĐŁŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˛Ń&#x2C6;Đ°Ń?Ń Ń? ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛ Đş ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń ĐşĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D;. 6. Presence of the unique test facilities for the full-scale testing of the units. 6. Đ?Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ¸Ń ĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐąĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Ń ĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛.

THREATS OF THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ĐŁĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇŃ&#x2039; Đ˛Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝ĐľĐš Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x2039; 1. High dependence on the foreign fleets development programs, the lack of large-scale program of the fleet development in Ukraine. 1. Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń? ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐź Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Đ¸Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201E;ĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐ°Ń Ń&#x2C6;Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźŃ&#x2039; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201E;ĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ˛ ĐŁĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Đľ. 2. Attempts to create the own marine GTE in the RF (Rybinsk, the beginning of 2000) may lead to the loss of the dominant position of the SPGC. 2. Đ&#x;ĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ Đ Đ¤ Ń ĐžĐąŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x201C;Đ˘ĐŁ (Đ Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐ¸Đ˝Ń Đş, Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐťĐž 2000) ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đş ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đľ Đ´ĐžĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ?Đ&#x;Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201C;. 3. Intention of the Indian Naval Fleet to use the equipment of General Electric for some orders 3. Đ?Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x153;Đ¤ Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Đ´Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ General Electric Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˝ĐľĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛. 4. The RF share drawdown in global arms export. 4. ĐŁĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐžĐťĐ¸ Đ Đ¤ Đ˛ ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐź Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đľ Đ˛ĐžĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš.

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Latest research and publications analysis. On the basis of the studies [3, 5, 6] mathematical models for the formation of the optimal projects portfolio of the industrial enterprise have been developed, but the complexity of selection and the initial datuming for the coherent sequences of technological operations necessitated the development of simplified models for the preliminary projects portfolio formation for the high-tech enterprise. The article aim is to develop the conception of competitiveness of programs and projects of formation of the new engines and modernization of the operated engines, as well as the mechanism of the rational production program formation. Basic material. Many problems of the project management (target programs formation, projects portfolio selection, service points placement, etc.) are reduced to the knapsack problem and its modifications [1, 2, 4]. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s consider the â&#x20AC;&#x153;one-dimensional knapsackâ&#x20AC;? problem statement. There are n items, each of them is characterized by the Îąi weight and the ci value (Îąi, ci are assumed to be positive integers). There is also a knapsack with the R volume. It is required to load the knapsack with items so that the total value of the items placed therein was maximal provided that the total weight is not greater than R. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s assume that xi = 1, if the i-th item is placed into the knapsack, and xi = 0 in the contrary case. Mathematical problem statement looks as follows: j

o max ;

ÂŚa x

M(x)

ÂŚc x

f ( x)

d R;

ÂŚ

Â min c x i i Â° j Â° ÂŽ n Â§ Â° x Â¨ r d x t P. ij j iÂ¨ i Â° j 1 ÂŠÂŠ ÂŻ

(1)

ÂŚ ÂŚ

ÂŚ

(1)

Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐąŃ&#x152;ĐľĐź ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ¸ĐźĐľĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ° Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; (ĐźŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;), Đ˝Đ° n Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš:

Â§ Â¨ Â¨ ÂŠ

ÂŚ

ĐĄŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ° Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐź, ĐżĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ´Đ¸Ń&#x2026;ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ. Đ Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đź ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x192; Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐťŃ? Đ˛ĐˇĐ°Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x;Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ´Đ°Đ˝ Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ {xi}, 1 â&#x2030;¤ i â&#x2030;¤ n. Đ&#x2014;Đ°Đ´Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ {ci}, ri, Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń Đ¸Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐ¸Đľ, dij = 0, i =1, n. Đ˘Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;ĐźĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ´ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´:

To construct the evaluation problem letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s divide the expenditures of each project, which has an impact on other projects (multiproject) into n parts: ci

x j Â?{0;1}, j 1, n.

ÂŚ

o max ;

The structure of the network problem representation is a tree, so the method of network or dichotomous programming gives the optimal solution. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s consider the task of formation of the interrelated projects portfolio. Suppose we are given a set of possible projects {xi}, 1 â&#x2030;¤ i â&#x2030;¤ n. Projects expenditures are given {ci}, ri, characterizing the income from the synergies effect of the projects impact on other projects dij = 0, i = 1, n. It is required to minimize the expenditures function under the constraint on the total income:

ÂŚ ÂŚ

ÂŚa x

M(x)

x j Â?{0;1}, j 1, n.

Â min c x i i Â° j Â° ÂŽ n Â§ Â° x Â¨ r d x t P. ij j iÂ¨ i Â° j 1 ÂŠÂŠ ÂŻ

Â§ Â¨ Â¨ ÂŠ

ÂŚc x

f ( x)

Z ij .

ÂŚZ . ij

i 1

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

`iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb`

Đ?Đ° ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐžĐź Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ°ĐľĐź n ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021; ĐžĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸: ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; xij = {0, 1}, j = 1, n.(xij = xi), ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ

In the first stage we solve n optimization problems: to define xij = {0, 1}, j = 1, n. (xij = xi), minimizing n

ÂŚZ

ji x ji

ÂŚZ

(2)

x ji

j 1

ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸

under the constraint Â§ Âˇ xi Â¨Â¨ ri ÂŚ d ji x ji Â¸Â¸ t pi . j zi ÂŠ Âš

hi ( x)

When xi = 1 the problem reduces to minimization

ÂŚz j z1

under the constraint ~ hi ( x)

Â§ Âˇ xi Â¨Â¨ ri ÂŚ d ji x ji Â¸Â¸ t pi . j zi ÂŠ Âš

hi ( x)

Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ xi = 1 ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ° Ń Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đş ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸

ÂŚz

x ji

j z1

ri ÂŚ d ji x ji t pi ,

ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ~ hi ( x)

(3)

j z1

ri ÂŚ d ji x ji t pi ,

min

ÂŚG (z , p ) {p } i

ÂŚp

(5)

Di ( yi )

D( y)

under the constraints Sy

t P.

ÂŚ

i 1

Di ( yi )

ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026;

ÂŚ

n i 1

(5)

ĐłĐ´Đľ ai â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşŃ&#x192; Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ i-ĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°, pi â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; i-ĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°, ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń?ĐźĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ ĐžĐź. Đ&#x2014;Đ°Đ´Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? yi â&#x2030;¤ Ci, i = 1, n , ĐłĐ´Đľ Ci â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐ°ĐşŃ Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°Đ˝Ń Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? i-ĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°, ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đš Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń?ĐźĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ ĐžĐź. Đ&#x2014;Đ°Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201E;ĐžĐ˝Đ´Đ° R. Đ&#x2014;Đ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ° Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A; Đ˛ ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐśĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đş ĐžŃ Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D;, Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°Đ˝Ń Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đş Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;ĐźĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ´ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ ĐąŃ&#x2039;Đť ĐźĐ°ĐşŃ Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;ĐźĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x192; Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201E;ĐžĐ˝Đ´Đ°. Đ&#x2014;Đ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ° ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ ĐźĐ°ĐşŃ Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸

where ai are the constant expenditures on the development and adoption of the i-th product, pi is the profitability of the i-th product, defined by the production capability and market demand. The constraints yi â&#x2030;¤ Ci, i = 1, n are given, where Ci is the maximum funding volume of the i-th product, defined by the production capability and market demand. The value of the R innovation fund is given. The objective is to identify the variety of products accepted for the adoption and funding volume of each product so that the total income was the highest with the restriction on the total amount of the innovation fund. The objective is to maximize n

Di(yi) = pi max[0; yi â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ai] i = 1, n ,

i 1

(4)

Đ&#x2014;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ (4)â&#x20AC;&#x201C;(5) Đ˛ ĐžĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐžĐš Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ (1). Đ Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đź Đ˝ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2020;Đľ. Đ&#x2DC;ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? n Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ (Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛). Đ&#x17E;ĐąĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đź yi ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°Đ˝Ń Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? i-ĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°, ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸ ĐžĐ˝ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A; Đş Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐľ. ĐŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A; (Đ´ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´) ĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ° i-ĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź

The value of the objective function of the (4)â&#x20AC;&#x201C;(5) problems in the optimal solution is the evaluation under the problem (1). Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s consider a continuous version of the knapsack problem. There are n innovative projects (new products). Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s assume that yi is the funding volume of the i-th product, if it is taken for development. Effect (income) from the issuance of the i-th product is defined by the following expression:

ÂŚ

i 1

D( y)

i 1

ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸

under the constraint

ÂŚ pi t P .

(3)

j z1

ĐłĐ´Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2013; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛Ń Đľ Đ´ĐžĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x;Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Gi (zi, pi) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ (2)â&#x20AC;&#x201C;(3) Đ˛ ĐžĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸. Đ˘ĐžĐłĐ´Đ° Đ˝Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐź Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐľ ĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń? ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°

where Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2013; accepts all valid values. Suppose Gi (zi, pi) is the value of the objective function of the (2)â&#x20AC;&#x201C;(3) problems in the optimal solution. Then in the second stage the following problem will be solved min n (4) ÂŚ Gi ( zi , pi ) { pi } i 1 n

x ji

yi d R,

0 d yi d Ci .

ÂŚ

n i 1

yi d R,

0 d yi d Ci . {y

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; `iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb`

Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ Đ´Đ¸Ń&#x2026;ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? [2, 4]. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐšŃ Ń? Ń&#x192; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľĐ˝ĐşĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đš Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐťĐ°ĐłĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ°Ń? ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152; [6]:

The dichotomous programming method is used for the problem solving [2, 4]. For preforming of the rational projects portfolio on the basis of the provided company products range and potential customers the following mathematical model is suggested [6]: n

ÂŚÂŚ f ji eij ÂŚ xijk G k i 1 j 1

o max ;

ÂŚÂŚ f ji eij ÂŚ xijk G k

k 1

i 1 j 1

ÂŚÂŚ xijk d S i ,

j 1k 1

where i = 1, n is the product range; j = 1, m is the Customer; k = 1, z is the schedule line;

ĐłĐ´Đľ i = 1, n â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľĐ˝ĐşĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ° Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń?; j = 1, m â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đş; k = 1, z â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐşĐ¸;

product is supplied to the j - th 1,, ififi i â&#x20AC;&#x201D; product is supplied to the j-th Â 1Customer within the k-th lot; ÂŽ 0,0,ifif ii â&#x20AC;&#x201D;product is is supplied to to thethe j - j-th th product supplied ÂŻ Customer within the k-th lot;

xijk

1, ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸ Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đľ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń Ń? j - ĐźŃ&#x192; j-ĐźŃ&#x192; ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸i i-Đľ Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đľ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Â1,Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşŃ&#x192; Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşŃ&#x192; Đ˛ Đ˛ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đľ k - Đšk-Đš ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸ ; Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đľ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸; Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đľ Đ˝Đľ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń Ń? j -ĐźŃ&#x192; Đ&#x2014;j-ĐźŃ&#x192; ÂŽ00,, ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸ ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸i i-Đľ Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đľ Đ˝Đľ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ&#x2014; Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşŃ&#x192; Đ˛ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đľ k Đš ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸ ; ÂŻĐ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşŃ&#x192; Đ˛ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đľ k-Đš ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸;

eij â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152; ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2039; i-ĐłĐž Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń? j-ĐźŃ&#x192; Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşŃ&#x192;; Î´k â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐşĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐ° Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đš Đ˛ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ (Ń ĐşĐ¸Đ´ĐşĐ° ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐ° Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đš Đ˛ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸); Si â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐ°ĐşŃ Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐşĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đš i-ĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ°;

eij is the profit from the delivery of the unit of the i-th product to the j-th Customer; Î´k is the coefficient of registration of the items number in the delivery lots (discount depends on the number of items in the lot); Si is the maximum quantity of the products of the i-th type;

fijk

ÂŚÂŚ xijk d S i ,

j 1k 1

xijk

o max ;

k 1

11,, ififi i â&#x20AC;&#x201D; product may be be included in the portfolio product may included in the portfolio of orders orders for the jj-th - thCustomer;

Â ÂŽ 0,0, ifif i â&#x20AC;&#x201D;product not included in the productis may be included inportfolio the portfolio orders for the the j-th j - thCustomer; ÂŻ of orders

f ijk

, ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸ ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152; ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸i i-ĐľĐ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đľ Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đľ ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Â1,Đ˛1ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152; Đ´ĐťŃ? j-ĐłĐž Đ´ĐťŃ? jĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ - ĐłĐž Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐ° ; Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐ°; ÂŽ0,0, ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸ ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸ i i-Đľ Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đľ Đ˝Đľ Đ˝Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152; Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A; ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ Đ´ĐťŃ? j ĐłĐž Đ&#x2014; Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐ°. Đ˛ ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152; ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ Đ´ĐťŃ? j-ĐłĐž Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐ°; ÂŻ

Đ&#x2014;Đ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ° (5) ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đş ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đľ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? ĐľĐľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝ ĐžĐ˝ĐťĐ°ĐšĐ˝-Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń NEOS Server, Đ° Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž NEOSĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐšŃ Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ° Đş MINTO, Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đš ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐš Đ¸ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;. NEOS Server ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ĐˇĐ°Đ¸ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192; ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ?ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸ ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐśĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐź Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ĐžĐ˛ ĐžĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;. Đ&#x;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐ¸ ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐšĐťŃ&#x2039; Ń ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Đ¸ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Đ˝Đ° Ń?ĐˇŃ&#x2039;ĐşĐľ AMPL Đ˝Đ° Ń ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ´Đ°ĐťĐľĐľ ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°Ń&#x2026; (KNITRO, MINTO, BARON, ASA Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;. Đ´.). Đ&#x201D;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸ĐşĐ° ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐžĐş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âťâ&#x20AC;&#x201C; ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť ĐżĐž ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Đź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 7. Đ&#x161; ĐžŃ Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ°Đź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń?: Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ&#x2018;ĐťĐ¸ĐśĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ&#x2019;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐş, ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸Ń?, Đ&#x2018;ĐťĐ¸ĐśĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ&#x2019;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐş, ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸Ń?, Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Đ´Đ¸Ń?, Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x152;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Đ°Đź; Đş ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ°Đź: Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ&#x161;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đš, Đ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐşĐ°, Đ&#x161;Đ°ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2026;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝, Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Đ´Đ¸Ń?, ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ&#x161;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đš, ĐŁĐˇĐąĐľĐşĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝, ĐŁĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Đ°, Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐŽĐśĐ˝Đ°Ń? Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ?. Đ&#x2014;Đ° ĐżĐžŃ&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ 60 ĐťĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´ Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; ĐžŃ&#x201A; 100 Đ´Đž 110 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;, Đ˛ Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ? Ń ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? 8 Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐžĐ˛ Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; ĐžŃ&#x201A; 2,5 Đ´Đž 25 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; 28 Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš, ĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ?Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐşĐ¸ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐľŃ&#x2030;Đľ Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Đľ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš: UGT (ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; 5 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;), UGT 32000 (32 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;), UGT 45000 (45 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;), UGT 60000 (60 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;).

The problem (5) refers to the problem of the integer programming. The Online NEOS Server source has been used to solve it, specifically the NEOS-interface of the access to MINTO which implements the branch and bound method. NEOS Server provides interaction between users and multiple systems for solution of different types of optimization problems. Users download the files with the model and data in the AMPL language on the server which is then processed in various systems (KNITRO, MINTO, BARON, ASA and so on). Dynamics of the products supplies of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? to the major customers is given in Table 7. Tapped stable markets of the production include: for the power generation â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the Middle East, the mechanical drive â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Russia, the Middle East, the ship GTE â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Russia, India, Vietnam; prospective markets include: for the power generation â&#x20AC;&#x201D; China, Africa, Kazakhstan, India, the mechanical drive â&#x20AC;&#x201D; China, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, the ship GTE â&#x20AC;&#x201D; South Korea. For almost 60 years of the enterprise existence the capacity range of GTE from 100 to 110 MW has been developed, currently 8 types of engines ranging from 2.5 to 25 MW are commercially produced which have 28 different types of different modifications due to the operating conditions. On the development and refinement stage there are four more types of engines: UGT (5 MW capacity), UGT 32000 (32 MW), UGT 45000 (45 MW), UGT 60000 (60 MW). {z

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

`iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb`

We consider the problem as a test one in such a set-

Đ&#x2019; ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ° Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐžĐš ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐľ. Đ?ĐžĐźĐľĐ˝ĐşĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ° Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đš (ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x; Đ?Đ&#x;Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201C; ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âťâ&#x20AC;&#x201C; ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť), ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152; ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐžĐş ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 8.

ting. The range of products (gas turbines of the GT RPC â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? production), the customers and the delivery profit are given in Table 8.

Table 7. Dynamics of the Products Supplies of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;? â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;? to the Major Customers (in Percentage Terms) Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 7. Đ&#x201D;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸ĐşĐ° ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐžĐş (Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026;) ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âťâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť ĐżĐž ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Đź Country, Region ĐĄŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ°, Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ¸ĐžĐ˝ Russia Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸Ń? Middle East Đ&#x2018;ĐťĐ¸ĐśĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ&#x2019;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐş India Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Đ´Đ¸Ń? China Đ&#x161;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đš Ukraine ĐŁĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Đ° Korea Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ? Belarus Đ&#x2018;ĐľĐťĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x152; Others Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

50,8

31,6

44,2

35,0

32,4

59,0

65,8

30,1

26,9

26,3

40,7

26,8

44,8

35,0

15,6

17,3

28,1

14,2

13,0

11,9

7,3

2,9

9,4

10,4

3,3

12,0

4,7

4,4

6,0

3,0

6,9

11,8

5,8

7,4

10,2

3,0

1,4

5,5

1,9

5,5

0,0

15,6

34,6

0,0

3,2

0,6

1,2

0,0

4,2

2,7

0,6

0,9

1,8

0,7

1,3

0,0

1,7

4,3

10,8

6,8

4,7

3,2

7,8

2,6

6,7

Table 8. Supplies Profit, thous. USD Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 8. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152; ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐžĐş, Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Ń . USD No. Đż/Đż

Product Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đľ

Customer Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đş Russia Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸Ń?

Iran Đ&#x2DC;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝

Ukraine ĐŁĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Đ°

India Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Đ´Đ¸Ń?

GTE DG80L2 Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x201C;80Đ&#x203A;2

1800

GTE DG80L3 Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x201C;80Đ&#x203A;3

6000

GTE DG80L Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x201C;80Đ&#x203A;

2200

GGTU M 15E.1 Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ? Đ&#x153; 15Đ.1

6500

DGTU M55 Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ?Đ&#x153;55

4000

GGTU M17N.1E Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ? Đ&#x153;17Đ?.1Đ

7500

GGTU M35 Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ? Đ&#x153;35

GTE DT59 Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; Đ&#x201D;Đ˘59

800

GTE DS71 Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; Đ&#x201D;ĐĄ71

500

GTE DG90L2 with IK Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x201C;90Đ&#x203A;2 Ń Đ&#x161;Đ&#x153;Đ§

4200

GTE DG 90L2.1 with IK Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x201C; 90Đ&#x203A;2.1 Ń Đ&#x161;Đ&#x153;Đ§

1200

GTE DU80L1 with IK Đ&#x201C;Đ˘Đ&#x201D; Đ&#x201D;ĐŁ80Đ&#x203A;1 Ń Đ&#x161;Đ&#x153;Đ§

9000

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Mathematical model (1) is described using the AMPL programming language as follows: set N; set M; set L; param bb; var x{i in N, j in M, k in L}binary; param e{i in N, j in M }; param f{I in N; j in M } ; param q{k in L}; param z{i in N}; minimize sd: -(sum{i in N}(sum{j in M} e[i,j]*f[i,j]*sum{k in L}x[i,j,k]*q[k])); subject to g {i in N}: sum {k in L} (sum{j in M} x[i,j,k]) < = z[i]. The number of products of one products range is limited to five, and the discount on each product is respectively 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.2 and 0.2 for the product subsequent of the value. The total number of products in the delivery for one customer is not greater than 10. The maximum delivery profit was 171707 thous. USD. The delivery lots are given in Table 9. Table 9. Formed Delivery Lots Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 9. ĐĄŃ&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐžĐş No. Đż/Đż 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

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Russia Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸Ń?

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Customer Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đş Ukraine ĐŁĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Đ°

India Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Đ´Đ¸Ń?

China Đ&#x161;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đš

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CONCLUSION. 1. The main directions of the competitiveness increase of the Ukrainian gas turbine building (on the example of the GT RPC â&#x20AC;&#x153;Zoryaâ&#x20AC;?â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x20AC;&#x153;Mashproektâ&#x20AC;?), have been considered based on the conducted marketing research using the elements of the SWOT-analysis: unification of the product range of different products

Đ&#x2019;ĐŤĐ&#x2019;Đ&#x17E;Đ&#x201D;ĐŤ. 1. Đ&#x17E;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Ń ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? (Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đľ Đ?Đ&#x;Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201C; ÂŤĐ&#x2014;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âťâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;ÂŤĐ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Âť), ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˝ĐłĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Ń Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ SWOTĐ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°: Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľĐ˝ĐşĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; {|

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with similar consumer properties, phase-out of expensive products and products in low demand and rational strategy of their promotion in the global market, taking into account the dynamic environment (country, field, the maximum number of unified products). 2. The mechanism of formation of the rational projects portfolio of the gas turbine building enterprise is suggested as the basis of the long-term production program.

изделий с подобными потребительскими свойствами, снятие с производства дорогостоящих и маловостребованных изделий и рациональная стратегия продвижения их на мировом рынке с учетом динамического окружения (страна, отрасль, максимальное количество унифицированных изделий). 2. Основой долгосрочной производственной программы предложен механизм формирования рационального портфеля проектов газотурбостроительного предприятия.

Список литературы [1]

Бурков, В. Н. Управление инновационным развитием регионов: современный подход [Текст] / В. Н. Бурков, И. В. Буркова, В. А. Ириков // Проблемы теории и практики управления. — М., 2010. — № 11/10. — С. 8–12.

[2]

Буркова, И. В. Задача выбора множества проектов при выпуске инновационной продукции [Текст] / И. В. Буркова, М. В. Ткаченко, П. П. Чураков // Вестник Воронежского гос. техн. университета. — 2010. — Т. 6, № 9. — С. 120–124.

[3]

Гайда, А. Ю. Адаптивное управление ресурсами портфеля проектов наукоемкого производства в системе с прогнозирующей моделью [Текст] / А. Ю. Гайда, Е. А. Квасневский, К. В. Кошкин // Технологические системы. — 2012. — С. 85–88.

[4]

Задачи распределения ресурсов в управлении проектами [Текст] : монография / П. С. Баркалов, И. В. Буркова, А. В. Глаголев, В. Н. Колпачев. — М. : Институт проблем управления им В. А. Трапезникова, 2002. — С. 63.

[5]

Кошкин, К. В. Финансирование портфеля проектов судостроительного предприятия [Электронный ресурс] / К. Кошкин, А. Возный, А. Шамрай // Східно-Європейський журнал передових технологій. — 2010. — Т. 1, № 2 (43). — С. 17–19. — Режим доступа: http://journals.uran.ua/eejet/art-iele/view/2497.

[6]

Кошкин, К. В. Формирование рационального портфеля проектов наукоемкого предприятия [Текст] / К. В. Кошкин, Л. С. Чернова, А. Ю. Яни // Восточно-Европейский журнал передовых технологий. — 2013, № 1/10 (61). — С. 14–16.

[7]

Механизмы управления проектами и программами регионального и отраслевого развития [Текст] : монография / В. Н. Бурков, В. С. Блинцов, К. В. Кошкин [и др.]. — Николаев : Изд-во Торубары Е.С., 2010. — 176 с.

[8]

Модели, методы и алгоритмические обеспечения проектов и программ развития наукоемких производств [Текст] : монография / А. М. Возный, В. В. Драгомиров, А. Я. Казарезов, К. В. Кошкин, Н. В. Фатеев, Ю. Н. Харитонов, С. К. Чернов. — Николаев : НУК, 2009. — 194 с.

[9]

Рыжков, С. С. Проектно-ориентированные подходы повышения конкурентоспособности реального наукоемкого сектора экономики Украины [Текст] / С. С. Рыжков, К. В. Кошкин, Л. С. Чернова // Управління проектами: стани та перспективи: матеріали IX Міжнар. наук.-практ. конф. — Миколаїв : НУК, 2013. — С. 283–294.

[10] Создание и развитие конкурентоспособности проектно-ориентированных наукоемких предприятий [Текст] : монография / В. Н. Бурков, С. Д. Бушуев, А. М. Возный, К. В. Кошкин, С. С. Рыжков, Х. Танака, Л. С. Чернова, А. Н. Шамрай // Николаев : Изд-во Торубары Е.С., 2011. — 260 с.

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Abstract. Existing design experience was based on river-sea going vessels (RSV) oriented for operation at European inland waterways of Russia. Beginning from 2005 Marine Engineering Bureau (MEB) designed vessels for operation at mouse ports of Azov Sea; projects for Siberian rivers vessels were worked out. As a result the basic designing principles of drycargo vessels and tankers hulls of river-sea going type that have been built during 2001â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2010 are considered. It is shown that all these vessels are designed with the full use of dimensions of internal water-ways, with maximum possible block coefficient providing best propulsion qualities, increased tonnage with minimum possible depth; increased controllability in constrained conditions and in shallow water; grounded operating reliability of hull construction with optimum specific quantity of hull metal. As a result investigation ideas and principles for new RSV generation design were adjusted in order to use them at the preliminary design step. The obtained results and principles were used as a basis for new projects developed by Marine Engineering Bureau RSV at 2005â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2010; these principles are an essence of modern tendencies of the RSV design. Keywords: river-sea going vessels, vesselâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hull, vesselâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s class, metal intensity, construction, framing, cargo capacity, main engine power. Đ?Đ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?. Đ Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐżŃ&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐźĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐ°â&#x20AC;&#x201C;ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?, ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐź Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Ń Ń?Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐťĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸. Đ&#x;ĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đž, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛Ń Đľ Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ° Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐłĐ°ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš, ĐźĐ°ĐşŃ Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń ĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐşĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;, ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đľ ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ° Ń ĐźĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐ°â&#x20AC;&#x201C;ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?, ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°, ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°, ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐžĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?, Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;, ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐłĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš. Đ?Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń?. Đ ĐžĐˇĐłĐťŃ?Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2013; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐżĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń? ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Ń&#x2013;Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐśĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2013; Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐľĐ˝ ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2013;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2013;ĐşĐ°â&#x20AC;&#x201C;ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń?, ĐżĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192; Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń Ń?Ń&#x2021;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2013;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2013;. Đ&#x;ĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đž, Ń&#x2030;Đž Đ˛Ń Ń&#x2013; Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2013; Đˇ ĐżĐžĐ˛Đ˝Đ¸Đź Đ˛Đ¸ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń?Đź ĐłĐ°ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2013;Đ˛ Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2C6;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x2013;Đ˛, ĐźĐ°ĐşŃ Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž ĐźĐžĐśĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ¸Đź Đˇ ĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Đš ĐˇĐ°ĐąĐľĐˇĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń? Ń&#x2C6;Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ĐşĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x2013;Đ´ĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2013; ĐşĐžĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x201D;Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐˇĐ°ĐłĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2014; ĐżĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ¸, ĐżŃ&#x2013;Đ´Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝ĐžŃ&#x17D; Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐśĐžĐźŃ&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐşŃ&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐźŃ&#x2013;Đ˝Ń&#x2013;ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž ĐźĐžĐśĐťĐ¸Đ˛Ń&#x2013;Đš Đ˛Đ¸Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2013; ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013; Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2013;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2013;ĐşĐ°â&#x20AC;&#x201C;ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń?, ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°, ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°, ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐžĐźŃ&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐşŃ&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń?, Đ˝Đ°ĐąŃ&#x2013;Ń&#x20AC;, Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐśĐžĐźŃ&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐşŃ&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐłĐžĐťĐžĐ˛Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐłŃ&#x192;Đ˝Ń&#x2013;Đ˛. References Yegorov G. V. Proektirovaniye sudov ogranichennykh rayonov plavaniya na osnovanii teorii riska [Design of Ships of Restricted Navigation Areas Based on Risk Theory]. Saint Petersburg, Sudostroyeniye, 2007. 384 p. Yegorov G. V. Printsipy sozdaniya novogo pokoleniya transportnykh sudov ogranichennykh rayonov plavaniya [Principles of Formation of New Generation of Transport Vessels {

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of Restricted Navigation Areas]. Sbornik trudov 7 mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii po sudostroeniyu, sudokhodstvu, oborudovaniyu morskikh platform i obespechivayushchikh ikh rabotu plavsredstv, morskaya tekhnika dlya osvoenya okeana i shelfa â&#x20AC;&#x153;Neva 2003â&#x20AC;? [Collection of works of the VII International conference on shipbuilding, shipping industry, offshore platforms equipment and floating facilities for their operation, marine technology for the ocean and shelf development â&#x20AC;&#x153;Neva 2003â&#x20AC;?]. St. Petersburh, 2003, pp. 29â&#x20AC;&#x201C;32. Yegorov G. V. Osnovnyye factory, vliyayushchiye na nadezhnost korpusov sudov ogranichennogo rayona plavanya [Major Factors, Influencing Reliability of Hulls of Ships of Restricted Navigation Area. Strength and Technical Exploitation of Ship hulls]. Sbornik nauchnikh trudov BGARF â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Collection of scientific papers BSAFF, 1998, vol. 27, pp. 73â&#x2C6;&#x2019;80. Yegorov G. V. Uchet trebovaniy ekspluatatsionnoy prochnosti pri naznachenii tolshchin korpusov sudov vnutrennego plavanya sistemy Dunay-Mayn-Reyn [Consideration of Operational Strength Requirements at Accepting Thickness of Inland Vessels Hulls of Danube-Main-Rhine System]. Sbornik nauchnych trudov UGMTU â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Collection of scientific papers USSTU, 2000, vol. 3, pp. 32â&#x2C6;&#x2019;43. Yegorov G. V. Osobennosti konstruktsiy korpusov sudov ogranichennykh rayonov plavaniya novogo pokoleniya. Voprosy dinamicheskoy prochnosti, vibratsii i bezopasnosti ekspluatatsii korpusov sudov [Features of Hull Constructions of Modern Ships of Restricted Navigation Areas. Questions of Dynamic Strength, Vibration and Operation Safety of Vessel Hulls]. Trudy TsNII imeni akademika A. N. Krylova â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Works Central Research Institute named after Academician A. N. Krylov, 2005, vol. 21 (305), pp. 126â&#x2C6;&#x2019;143. Yegorov G. V. Otsenka raschetnykh skorostey iznosa korpusov sudov smeshannogo plavaniya [Estimation of Design Rate of Thickness Reduction for Mixed Navigation Areas Vessels]. Trudy NTK po SMK pamyati akademika Yu.A. Shimanskogo â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Works of STC on SMS memory of Academician Yu.A. Shimanskogo, St. Petersburh, 2006, pp. 15â&#x2C6;&#x2019;17. Yegorov G. V. Reklassifitsirovannye suda smeshannogo plavaniya [Reclassified Mixed Navigation Areas Vessels]. Visnyk ONMU [Bulletion of ONMU], 2010, vol. 29, pp. 3â&#x2C6;&#x2019;16. Đ&#x;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;. ĐĄĐžĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐżŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Ń ĐźĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐ°â&#x20AC;&#x201C;ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? (ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x;) ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐ° Ń Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x192;ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x192;ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° [1, 2, 5] Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đź ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐź: Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐłĐ°ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš (Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x;); ĐźĐ°ĐşŃ Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń ĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐşĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;; ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đľ ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°; ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° ĐźĐľĐťĐşĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x152;Đľ; ĐžĐąĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˝Đ°Đ´ĐľĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐžĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Đ˝ĐľĐłĐž. 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Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐźĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?,

Problem Statement. The up-to-date conception of river-sea going vessel (RSV) was formulated in authorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s papers [1, 2, 5] in the following way: a RSV is a transport vessel with full usage of inland waterways (IWW) dimensions, with the maximal block coefficient which allows running ability; the increased cargo capacity at minimal depth, with the increased maneuverability under the constrained conditions and in the shallow water; the proved operational reliability of hull structures at optimum metal consumption. Vessel classes of the sailing regions shall be accepted in accordance with the operation directions and probable running time losses due to the waiting on weather. The vessel ice classes shall be accepted due to the accumulated operational experience and the task of economically sound vesselâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life term. But the design experience was based on the riversea vessels oriented at operation in the European inland waterways of Russia. Since the beginning of 2005 the Marine Engineering Bureau (MEB) has been designing vessels for operation at the mouse ports of the Azov Sea; projects for Siberian river-sea vessels were worked out. The article aim is to update the earlier formulated fundamental principles for RSV design based on the decisions accepted after 2005 in the new MEB projects. Basic material. According to these papers [1, 2, 5, 7] the main design principals for a RSV (that were realized and still are realized in MEB projects) are formulated as follows: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; in accordance with the prospective transportation directions and estimation of the probable running time losses due to waiting on weather the following classes {Â&#x20AC;

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Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ Đ?ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń ĐşĐžĐź Đ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸ĐšŃ ĐşĐžĐź ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ¸ĐźĐžĐš, ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ&#x203A;ĐŁ1 (Đ&#x203A;ĐľĐ´ 40) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x192; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Ń Đ¸ĐąĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐąĐľĐˇĐžĐżĐ°Ń Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľ ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ÂŤŃ ĐľĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐžÂť ĐˇĐ°Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ° Đ˝Đ° ĐąĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;, Đ&#x203A;ĐŁ2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ Đ&#x2018;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐšŃ ĐşĐžĐź ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ ĐˇĐ¸ĐźĐžĐš, Đ&#x203A;ĐŁ3 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A; Đ?Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝ĐłĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Đş ĐˇĐ¸ĐźĐžĐš; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? (ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°Đ´ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝ĐşĐ° Đ¸ ĐşĐžĐźĐ¸Đ˝ĐłŃ ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐš 3,2â&#x20AC;Ś3,8 Đź (Ń Đź. ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 1) Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ° ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸ Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ° ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐąĐľĐˇ Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝ ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸ ĐżĐž Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐ°Đź Đ ĐĄ; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x2039;, ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Đ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2030;Đ° Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝ĐľĐš Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ (Ń Đź. Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 1), Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ Ń ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐżĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸ ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˝ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ˛ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐź Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐ¸ĐąĐľ Đ¸ ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐľ Đ˛ĐžŃ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ ĐťĐžĐşĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń&#x2C6;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026;, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐşĐ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Ń&#x2C6;ĐťŃ&#x17D;ĐˇĐžĐ˛, Ń ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐźĐťĐľĐźĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ°; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Ń ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝ Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐťĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐş Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Đľ ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ°, Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021; ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐšŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;, ĐżĐž Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˛ĐşĐ¸, Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐťĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ´ĐžĐťĐłĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐž Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°, Đ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2030;Đ° Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžŃ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐş, ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ´Đž Ń Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC; ÂŤĐ˝ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸Âť (ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐłĐ¸Đ´Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ ĐžĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸, ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;. Đż.); â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ´ĐžĐťĐłĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ÂŤĐłĐťĐ°Đ´ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026;Âť ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐżĐžŃ?Ń ĐşĐžĐ˛ Ń?ĐşĐ˛Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐąŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź

were chosen: RS R2 class for vessels and tow-barge trains of a RSV type of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Volgo Maxâ&#x20AC;? class (to provide the constant sea operation and around Europe), RRR class â&#x20AC;&#x153;O-PR 2.0â&#x20AC;? for vessels and tow-barge trains of RSV type of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Volgo Maxâ&#x20AC;? class (the minimal class for operation at the Gulf of Finland and the Azov Sea in spring-summer season), RRR class M-SP 3.5 for vessels of northern companies (allows vesselâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s operation in the voyages through the Northern Marine Way from the Taimyr Peninsula to the Chukchi Peninsula in July-September); â&#x20AC;&#x201C; according to the accumulated operational experience the following classes were chosen: LU1 ice class (Ice 20â&#x20AC;&#x201C;Ice 30) for a RSV that operates in the Azov and Caspian Sea in winter, LU1 class (Ice 40) for Siberian vessel companies to ensure safe returning from the â&#x20AC;&#x153;North Deliveryâ&#x20AC;?, LU2 for operations in Baltic Sea in winter, LU2 for operations in the Port of Archangelsk in winter; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; due to the growth of effective height of the hull section (application of big continues over deck constructions such as trunk and comings of 3.2â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3.8 m height, Fig. 1) the cargo capacity was increased. And the expenses were reduced in domestic ports while providing sufficient overall longitudinal strength without increase of thickness of the overwhelming majority of constructions in comparison to the minimal thickness due to the RS Rules; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; usage of longitudinal framing for a deck, sides and bottom in the vesselâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s middle part (Fig. 1) that in combination with the transverse space increase and simultaneously longitudinal space decrease provide more detailed participation of the hull plates in the general bending and better perception of local loadings during mooring operations, passing through the canals and locks; it also keeps vesselâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s visual appearance longer. â&#x20AC;&#x201C; keeping thickness of sheathings and shells at the minimal level in order to minimize the steel hull weight, and problem solving to provide the local strength and steadiness due to rational application of the elements of the ordinary and web framing; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; using the identical, whenever possible, thickness of plates, sides of web and ordinary framing to provide durability;

BL CL Fig. 1. Midship of typical cargo dry RSV of new generation Đ Đ¸Ń . 1. Đ&#x153;Đ¸Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;-Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Đ˝ĐłĐžŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?

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ĐşĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐź Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇĐžĐ˛, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐš Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;. Đż., Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ°Đ´ĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° ĐżĐž Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đľ; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ¸Ń ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐľĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° Đ˛ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026; (Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐľĐš ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x2039; Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝ĐşĐ°, ĐżĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐˇĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐłĐžŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ¸). Đ?ĐľĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x2018; Đ˛ Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Đ¸ Ń Đ¸ĐˇĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛ [1] ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐşĐžĐš, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 1 (Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°) Đ¸ 2 (Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°). Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đź ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸ Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐžĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đľ ĐżĐžĐ´ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛ [3, 7]. ĐŁĐ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐžĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸Đˇ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 2 Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ pMK = PMK /LBD Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 2, Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐźĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 4. ĐĄ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐźĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ Ń&#x192;ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°Đ´ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ? Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐžĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ pMK = PMK /LBD/,

â&#x20AC;&#x201C; designing of side and bottom structures on operational loads, many of which are considered to be â&#x20AC;&#x153;not designedâ&#x20AC;? (contacts with waterside structures, ground, etc.); â&#x20AC;&#x201C; designing of â&#x20AC;&#x153;smoothâ&#x20AC;? flanges of hull girder with a minimum quantity of technological openings and weld fittings in order to increase the actual fatigue durability, the usage of rationally executed assemblies of structure element crossing and smooth change of the areas of longitudinal structure elements of the hull through its length; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; exception for tankers of inside cargo tanks (an external structure of the upper deck and trunk, horizontal corrugated transverse with bulkheads); Some characteristics of existing RSVs and new vessels designed by the MEB in accordance with the methodology from [1] are shown in Table 1 (tankers) and Table 2 (dry cargo vessels). The information about the existing RSVs is given considering modernization and increased steel intensity due to the hull reinforcement [3, 7]. Relative vessel steel intensity from Table 2 in the traditional form pMK = PMK / LBD for dry cargo vessels is shown in Fig. 2. The same for the RSV tankers is shown in Fig. 4. Characteristics of steel intensity may be proposed in the next form, taking into consideration big over deck constructions:

LC Â&#x2DC; BC Â&#x2DC; hK â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ° LÂ&#x2DC;B ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°; PMK â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đ° ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ°; LC, BC â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°; hK â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐşĐžĐźĐ¸Đ˝ĐłŃ Đ° ĐťŃ&#x17D;ĐşĐ° (Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝ĐşĐ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°). Đ&#x;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐ¸Đź ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐź Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° pMK ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 3, Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐźĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 5. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ° II Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐš Đ&#x203A;ĐŁ2 (ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐłŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐąĐľĐˇ ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐşĐ¸ Đ˛ ĐźĐľĐťĐşĐžĐąĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ´Ń&#x192; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝ĐžĐš 0,55 Đź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ 5 Ń&#x192;Đˇ) ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; pMK = 0,087 + 1,55Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;7LBD/ Ń&#x201A;/Đź3, Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; pMK = 0,1085 + 1,55Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;7LBD/ Ń&#x201A;/Đź3. ĐłĐ´Đľ D /

pMK = PMK / LBD

L Â&#x2DC;B Â&#x2DC;h where PMK is steel hull weight; D / D C C K LÂ&#x2DC;B is a reduced board height; LC, BC are length and width of the cargo space; hK is a hatch coaming height (trunk height for a tanker). Such calculated value pMK for dry cargo vessels is shown in Figure 3 and for RSV tankers is in Fig. 5. For new generation dry cargo RSV of class II with the ice class LU2 (operation without icebreaking conveyance in open pack ice with thickness of 0.55 m at the velocity of 5 kn) the following formula may be recommended: pMK = 0.087 + 1.55Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;7LBD/, t/m3. For new generation tanker RSVs the following formula may be recommended: pMK = 0.1085 + 1.55Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;7LBD/, t/m3. PMK, t /m3

PMK, t /m3

0,150 0,140

0,110

0,130

0,100

0,120

0,090

0,110

0,080

0,100

0,070

0,090 0,080 3000

5000 7000

0,060 2000

9000 11000 13000 15000 LBD, m3

6000

10000

14000

18000 LBD, m3

Fig. 3. Steel hull weight index for dry cargo RSV (considering conditional depth):

Fig. 2. Steel hull weight index for dry cargo RSV: Đ Đ¸Ń . 2. Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ?

Đ Đ¸Ń . 3. Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; (Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°):

Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x;: Ă&#x2014; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; MEB projects / ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x2018;; + â&#x20AC;&#x201D; existing vessel /

Ă&#x2014; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; MEB projects / ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x2018;; + â&#x20AC;&#x201D; existing vessel / Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°

Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°

124,51 Ă&#x2014; 16,6 Ă&#x2014; 6,90

135,84 Ă&#x2014; 16,5 Ă&#x2014; 6,40

88,28 Ă&#x2014; 12,0 Ă&#x2014; 5,80

1677M

630*

RST09**

97,55

97,50

96,80

64,80

LC , m LĐ&#x201C;Đ&#x; , Đź

12,24

13,52

12,80

BC , m BĐ&#x201C;Đ&#x;, Đź

1,82

1,45

0,95

0,89

hK , m hĐ&#x161; , Đź

6,48

6,40

6,90

4,40

5,20

5,50

6,25

6,55

6,17

D /, m D /,Đź

PĐ&#x153;Đ&#x161; , t PĐ&#x153;Đ&#x161; , Ń&#x201A;

NMDM , kWt NĐ&#x153;Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x153; , ĐşĐ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A; Î&#x201D;, t Î&#x201D;, Ń&#x201A;

1127

2153

2516

944

1568

1642

1730

1483,0

1774,8

1593,6

954,3

2400

2160

1030

674

1288

1505

565

938

982

1035

920

1764

2208

1028

1280

1472

Existing Vessels ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°

1679,0

1987,1

1794,4

1258,3

3848

8556

8837

3840

5393

6476

8818

9574

8832

5153

Projects of Marine Engineering Bureau Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ&#x153;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đ˝ĐśĐľĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐąŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x20AC;Đž

PĐ&#x161; , t PĐ&#x161; , Ń&#x201A;

0,2391

0,2062

0,2499

0,2677

0,2373

0,2273

0,2722

0,2507

0,2446

0,1999

0,82

0,67

0,58

0,86

1,04

0,82

0,81

1,015

0,620

0,880

0,97

0,93

1,02

0,86

1,04

0,82

0,81

1,015

0,840

0,880

NMDM / Î&#x201D;, kWt /t Ď 1, t/m3 Ď 2, t/m3 NĐ&#x153;Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x153; / Î&#x201D;, ĐşĐ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;/Ń&#x201A; Ď 1, Ń&#x201A;/Đź3 Ď 2, Ń&#x201A;/Đź3

0,110

0,090

0,106

0,083

0,102

0,084

0,089

0,118

0,129

0,118

0,107

PMK /LBD, t/m3 PĐ&#x153;Đ&#x161;/LBD, Ń&#x201A;/Đź3

0,098

0,090

0,106

0,083

0,102

0,084

0,089

0,103

0,118

0,108

0,099

PMK /LBD/, t/m3 PĐ&#x153;Đ&#x161;/LBD/, Ń&#x201A;/Đź3

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Đ´Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐżĐžĐ´ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ˝Đ° ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ ĐĄ Đ¸ Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐž Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x203A;; ** â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ° ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľ ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš; L Ă&#x2014; B Ă&#x2014; D â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ° (ĐżĐž Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x203A;), Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°, Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°; LĐ&#x201C;Đ&#x;, BĐ&#x201C;Đ&#x; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°; hĐ&#x161; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐşĐžĐźĐ¸Đ˝ĐłŃ Đ° ĐťŃ&#x17D;ĐşĐ° (Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝ĐşĐ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°); D/ = D + (LĐ˘Đ&#x; BĐ˘Đ&#x; hĐ&#x161;)/LB â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°; PĐ&#x161;, PĐ&#x153;Đ&#x161; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đ° ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ¸ ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đ° ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ°; N â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐłĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš; Î&#x201D; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐž Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x203A;; Ď 1, Ď 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşŃ&#x192; Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐľ (3,60 Đź) Đ¸ ĐżĐž Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x203A; (Ď = PĐ&#x201C; /VĐ&#x201C;Đ&#x;); Îź1, Îź2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐŁĐ&#x;Đ&#x17E; Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşŃ&#x192; Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐľ (3,60 Đź) Đ¸ ĐżĐž Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x203A; (Îź = VĐ&#x201C;Đ&#x; /PĐ&#x201C;); (ĐłĐ´Đľ PĐ&#x201C; ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşĐ¸); VĐ&#x201C;Đ&#x; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ°Ń? ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;; PĐ&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ°Ń? ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; vessel characteristics considering reinforcement for the RS class and increasing summer freeboard; ** â&#x20AC;&#x201D; vessels after big reequipment; L Ă&#x2014; B Ă&#x2014; D â&#x20AC;&#x201D; calculated length (due to freeboard waterline), breadth, vessel depth; LC, BC â&#x20AC;&#x201D; length and breadth of the cargo space; hĐ&#x161; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; hatch coaming height (trunk height for tankers); D/ = D + (LC BC hK)/LB â&#x20AC;&#x201D; conditional depth; PĐ&#x161;, PĐ&#x153;Đ&#x161; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; hull weight and steel hull weight; N â&#x20AC;&#x201D; main engines capacity; Î&#x201D; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; summer freeboard displacement; Ď 1, Ď 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; specification density for river draught (3.60 m) and summer freeboard draught (Ď = PC / VĐĄ); Îź1, Îź2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; specification SF for river draught (3.60 m) and summer freeboard draught; Îź = VĐĄ /PĐĄ; VĐĄ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; volumetric cargo loading capacity; PC â&#x20AC;&#x201D; weight cargo loading capacity, it is defined for corresponding draught

105,00 Ă&#x2014; 14,8 Ă&#x2014; 4,40

P77*

128,64 Ă&#x2014; 16,5 Ă&#x2014; 5,50

1577*

119,55 Ă&#x2014; 14,8 Ă&#x2014; 5,20

138,24 Ă&#x2014; 16,6 Ă&#x2014; 5,50

RST25

621*

138,11 Ă&#x2014; 16,6 Ă&#x2014; 6,00

RST22

128,64 Ă&#x2014; 16,5 Ă&#x2014; 5,50

136,20 Ă&#x2014; 16,5 Ă&#x2014; 6,00

005RST01

550*

105,46 Ă&#x2014; 14,8 Ă&#x2014; 5,70

L Ă&#x2014; B Ă&#x2014; D, m L Ă&#x2014; B Ă&#x2014; D, Đź

RST17

Project Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;

Table 1. Characteristics of Restricted Sailing Regions Tankers Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 1. Đ?ĐľĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐšĐžĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\

84,16

75,08

110,69 × 13,0 × 5,50

110,86 × 13,0 × 5,50

87,45

64,90

41,25

41,30

64,80

136,15 × 16,4 × 6,70

114,03 × 16,4 × 6,70

85,08 × 12,0 × 6,00

80,51 × 11,6 × 4,00

105,03 × 16,5 × 5,50

19610*

19611*

326,1*

96,00

136,31 × 16,5 × 5,50

106,00 × 16,0 × 6,25

507Б**

002CNF01*

79,20

96,00

117,68 × 15,0 × 6,50

136,29 × 16,5 × 5,50

05074М**

79,20

488AM2/3*

1572*

60,00

92,99 × 13,0 × 5,50

115,98 × 13,2 × 6,00

613

93,77 × 13,4 × 6,70

17310

05074A

19620

59,70

79,05

94,80

110,90 × 13,0 × 5,50

136,07 × 16,5 × 5,50

1565*

2-95

1557

71,40

106,03 × 14,8 × 5,00

791*

1743

65,78

93,00 × 13,0 × 5,50

781*

105,3

137,81 × 16,5 × 6,00

93,60

85,10

105,3

RSD49

138,51 × 16,5 × 6,00

007RSD07

118,41 × 16,5 × 6,20

137,44 × 16,5 × 6,00

006RSD05

104,6

75,30

138,87 × 16,5 × 5,00

137,44 × 16,5 × 6,00

006RSD02

RSD44

105,82 × 16,5 × 5,50

005RSD03

59,15

LC , m LГП , м

RSD17

87,05 × 15,6 × 5,75

L × B × D, m L × B × D, м

003RSD04

Project Проект

13,30

8,35

9,20

10,20

10,30

12,60

9,20

9,00

11,82

13,22

9,52

9,35

10,90

9,35

12,7

13,2

12,7

13,2

12,7

13,2

BC , m BГП, м

3,58

1,23

0,86

1,04

2,38

1,45

3,20

1,00

1,01

1,00

1,12

0,74

0,75

1,00

0,75

3,31

2,155

3,62

3,33

3,75

1,50

hK , m hК , м

6,25

7,53

6,96

6,41

6,03

7,86

6,18

5,30

6,36

7,11

7,17

6,06

6,08

5,86

5,91

5,50

5,88

7,95

6,16

8,20

7,95

8,04

7,95

7,55

6,61

D /, m D /,м

PМК , t PМК , т

NMDM , kWt NМДМ , кВт Δ, t Δ, т

1565

1809

2086

2050

1742

1388

1760

1778

992

1067

2390

2640

1665

1255

1271

1140

1198

1044

1750,2

1285,2

1419,6

1504,0

1546,7

1499,8

1139,2

756,8

2400

2450

2240

2300

2040

1290

936

1082

1248

1226

1042

830

1053

1064

593

638

1430

1579

996

751

760

682

717

625

1300

1766

1620

1280

736

1740

1766

882

1030

1940

1766

1030

972

824

736

Existing Vessels Существующие суда

1958,3

1454,0

1589,3

1712,0

1753,1

1708,2

1359,7

896,4

4512

7468

7431

6752

5574

3945

5602

6010

3143

3822

7306

8917

6923

4761

4624

4450

4375

3846

9912

7412

8612

9716

9586

7479

4985

Projects of Marine Engineering Bureau Проекты Морского инженерного бюро

PК , t PК , т

Table 2. Characteristics of Restricted Sailing Regions Dry Cargo Vessels Таблица 2. Некоторые характеристики сухогрузов ограниченных районов плавания

0,2881

0,2365

0,2377

0,2399

0,2296

0,1866

0,3106

0,2938

0,2806

0,2695

0,2655

0,2176

0,2551

0,2163

0,2102

0,2184

0,1883

0,1914

0,2421

0,3238

0,2845

0,2305

0,2337

0,2399

0,2728

0,2588

–

1,9

2,01

2,58

1,83

2,04

2,66

1,5

1,4

1,09

2,08

1,95

1,26

1,66

1,52

1,53

1,44

1,62

2,57

1,36

1,72

2,41

2,61

2,42

2,48

2,07

–

1,71

1,81

1,37

1,3

1,5

1,24

1,16

1,17

0,85

1,12

1,16

1,26

1,43

1,34

1,42

1,44

1,33

1,64

1,36

1,64

1,62

1,71

1,64

1,49

1,36

NMDM /Δ, kWt /t μ1, m3/t μ2, m3/t NМДМ / Δ, кВт/т μ1, м3/т μ2, м3/т

0,088

0,087

0,101

0,107

0,113

0,125

0,112

0,159

0,104

0,114

0,106

0,081

0,095

0,096

0,086

0,091

0,094

0,128

0,112

0,117

0,110

0,114

0,110

0,119

0,097

PMK /LBD, t/m3 PМК/LBD, т/м3

0,088

0,064

0,074

0,100

0,106

0,114

0,107

0,099

0,120

0,098

0,107

0,099

0,073

0,086

0,090

0,080

0,083

0,088

0,097

0,091

0,089

0,083

0,085

0,083

0,086

0,084

PMK /LBD/, t/m3 PМК/LBD/, т/м3

£y y y x{ ´

j\dW efd\hW ik[fijhf\e`\

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\ PMK, t /m3

PMK, t /m3

0,120

0,110

0,100

0,090

0,080

0,080 0,070 6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

0,070 2000

LBD, m3

Fig. 4. Steel hull weight index for tanker RSV:

6000

10000

14000

18000 LBD, m3

Fig. 5. Steel hull weight index for tanker RSV (considering conditional depth):

Đ Đ¸Ń . 4. Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ?:

Đ Đ¸Ń . 5. Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; (Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°):

Ă&#x2014; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; MEB projects / ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x2018;; + â&#x20AC;&#x201D; existing vessel / Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛

It may be marked that insufficient change of pMK is connected with the usage of high strength steels for main hulls of the vessels with the length of 120 m or more. The same steels are used for mostly loaded elements of hull girder (longitudinal contiguous coamings) for all characterized vesselsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; length. The accepted thickness conception which allows keeping minimal thickness level enabled non-increasing of relative steel intensity pMK / LBD/ for a RSV with big over deck constructions. But in absolute value the steel hull weight has undoubtedly increased due to reinforcement of RS Rules requirements (see Table 1 and Table 2). The level of weighting characteristics change for dry cargo RSVs due to the class, ice category, framing type and life term may be estimated with the help of Table 3.

ĐĄĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˝ĐľĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; pMK Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đž Ń Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ 120â&#x20AC;Ś125 Đź Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń?ĐşĐ˛Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐąŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń Đ° (ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐźĐ¸Đ˝ĐłŃ ĐžĐ˛) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛Đž Đ˛Ń ĐľĐź Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐź Đ´Đ¸Đ°ĐżĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˝Đľ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐżŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝ Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Đľ ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐťĐ° Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐžĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; pMK / LBD/ Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Đ˝Đ°Đ´ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸, Ń&#x2026;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń? Đ˛ Đ°ĐąŃ ĐžĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐź Đ¸Ń Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đ° ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ˛ Ń Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x192; Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸Đť Đ ĐľĐłĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°, ĐąĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ˝Đž, Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ ĐťĐ° (Ń Đź. Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 1, 2).

Table 3. Results of Changing of Dry Cargo RSV Weighting Characteristics due to Class, Ice Category, Side Frame System and Life Term Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 3. Đ ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ĐľŃ ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đş ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; Đ˛ ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ°, ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ¸, Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐ° Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐąŃ&#x2039; Ice category ReH , MPĐ° RS class Life term, years Đ&#x203A;ĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń? ReH, Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ° Đ&#x161;ĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ ĐĄ ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐş Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐąŃ&#x2039;, ĐťĐľŃ&#x201A;

315 LU2 Đ&#x203A;ĐŁ2 235

IISP IIĐĄĐ&#x; IIISP IIIĐĄĐ&#x; IISP IIĐĄĐ&#x; IIISP IIIĐĄĐ&#x;

315 LU1 Đ&#x203A;ĐŁ1 235

IISP IIĐĄĐ&#x; IIISP IIIĐĄĐ&#x; IISP IIĐĄĐ&#x; IIISP IIIĐĄĐ&#x;

24 15 24 15 24 15 24 15 24 15 24 15 24 15 24 15

Hull weight changing according to base variant, % Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛ĐľŃ Đ° ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° ĐżĐž ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đş ĐąĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;, % due to frame system (longitudinal / transverse) ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐľ Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ° (ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš / ĐżĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš) â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3,8 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3,8 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;4,6 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;4,6 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;5,4 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;5,5 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;5,9 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;6,0 0 (base variant) / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;0,1 0 (ĐąĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;) / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;0,1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;0,1 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;0,4 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2,2 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2,5 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2,6 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2,9 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;4,7 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;4,9 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;4,9 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;5,1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;6,4 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;6,7 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;7,1 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;7,3 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;0,9 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;1,1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;1,4 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;1,6 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3,5 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3,7 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3,9 / â&#x20AC;&#x201C;4,2

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\

The structure analysis of steel intensity due to the members groups for new generation of a dry cargo RSV is given in Table 4, for tanker ones it is given in Table 5. It may be concluded for dry cargo vessels (Table 4) that the biggest part of hullâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s weight belongs to double bottom (34â&#x20AC;&#x201C;37 %). A double side part (27â&#x20AC;&#x201C;33 %) and a deck constructions part (15â&#x20AC;&#x201C;20 %) are also practically constant and depend on vessel length very little. The superstructures part decreases at the vessel length L increase from 6.4 % to 1.8 %; it is explained by preserving or insignificant growth of the crew for whom superstructures are assigned. The structure analysis due to the members nomenclature for the dry cargo RSV is given in Table 6, for tanker ones it is given in Table 7. It may be concluded for tanker vessels (Table 5) that the biggest part of the hull weight also belongs to the double bottom (28â&#x20AC;&#x201C;36 %). The double side part (20â&#x20AC;&#x201C;22 %) is practically constant and depends on the vessel length very little. The deck constructions part increases at the L vessel length and the class increase (17â&#x20AC;&#x201C;29 %). The superstructures part decreases at L vessel length increase from 8.5 % till 5.5 %; it is explained through the same reasons as for tankers.

ĐĄŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152; Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ĐľŃ ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đş ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; Đ˛ ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ°, ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ¸, Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐ° Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐąŃ&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 3. ĐĄŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐžĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐž ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐżĐ°Đź Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝ Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 4, Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 5. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ (Ń Đź. Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 4) ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Ń Đ´ĐľĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ˛ĐžĐ´, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°Ń? Đ´ĐžĐťŃ? Đ˛ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đľ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°Đ´ĐťĐľĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A; Đ´Đ˛ĐžĐšĐ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x192; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 34â&#x20AC;Ś37 %. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐťŃ? Đ´Đ˛ĐžĐšĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ° (27â&#x20AC;Ś33 %) Đ¸ ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš (15â&#x20AC;Ś20 %) Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ ĐźĐ°ĐťĐž ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐťŃ? Đ˝Đ°Đ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐş Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐş Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° L ĐžŃ&#x201A; 6,4 Đ´Đž 1,8 %, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;Ń?Ń Đ˝Ń?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń?ĐşĐ¸ĐżĐ°ĐśĐ°, Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž ĐžĐ˝Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039;. Đ&#x;Đž Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľĐ˝ĐşĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đľ Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝ Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 6, Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 7. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ (Ń Đź. Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 5) ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Ń Đ´ĐľĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ˛ĐžĐ´, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°Ń? Đ´ĐžĐťŃ? Đ˛ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đľ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°Đ´ĐťĐľĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A; Đ´Đ˛ĐžĐšĐ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x192; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 28â&#x20AC;Ś36 %. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐťŃ? Đ´Đ˛ĐžĐšĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ° (20â&#x20AC;Ś22 %) ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ ĐźĐ°ĐťĐž ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐťŃ? ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;

Table 4. Relative Weight Distribution for Dry Cargo RSV due to Hull Members Groups Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 4. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; ĐżĐž ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐżĐ°Đź Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš Vessels ĐĄŃ&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž Dry cargo vessel L = 87,05 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 87,05 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 105,8 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 105,8 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 118,4 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 118,4 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 137,8 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 137,8 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 138,5 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,5 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 138,9 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,9 Đź Prj. 507B Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;. 507Đ&#x2018;

Relative part of hull member group, % Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ´ĐžĐťŃ? ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐżŃ&#x2039; Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ¸, % Deck Transverse bulkheads Superstructures Đ&#x;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x2039; Đ&#x;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ?Đ°Đ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐšĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐşĐ¸

Bottom Đ&#x201D;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2030;Đľ

Side Đ&#x2018;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°

Other Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐľ

34,1

28,1

17,2

7,3

6,4

6,9

34,6

29,7

17,2

9,3

3,6

5,6

31,1

29,3

19,9

10,2

4,9

4,6

34,9

26,3

17,7

10,2

3,0

7,9

36,0

27,2

20,2

8,3

3,2

5,1

36,6

33,5

15,3

8,2

1,8

4,6

33,4

17,6

2,7

â&#x20AC;&#x201C;

5,3

Table 5. Relative Weight Distribution for Tanker RSV due to Hull Members Groups Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 5. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; ĐżĐž ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐżĐ°Đź Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš Vessels ĐĄŃ&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž Tanker vessel L = 105,5 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 105,5 Đź Tanker vessel L = 138,1 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,1 Đź Tanker vessel L = 138,2 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,2 Đź Prj. P77 Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;. P77

Bottom Đ&#x201D;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2030;Đľ

Side Đ&#x2018;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°

28,4

21,3

17,3

18,8

6,1

8,1

36,3

22,7

21,8

10,1

3,3

5,8

30,8

21,0

29,1

10,8

2,8

5,5

25,1

20,9

18,6

19,7

7,2

8,5

Other Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐľ

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\ Table 6. Relative Weight Distribution for Dry Cargo RSV due to Hull Members Nomenclature Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 6. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; ĐżĐž Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľĐ˝ĐşĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đľ Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš

Ordinary longitudinal members Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;

10,6

11,1

1,0

5,7

3,1

1,7

14,6

56,9

6,9

12,2

0,9

8,0

1,8

1,7

11,6

50,7

11,8

12,7

0,3

10,7

1,5

1,8

10,5

51,3

8,1

12,6

0,4

6,6

2,2

4,2

14,6

54,6

11,3

10,7

0,4

8,9

0,9

1,3

11,9

53,5

5,0

13,6

0,4

10,5

2,5

2,4

12,1

Other Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐľ

Web bulkheads members Đ Đ°ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐş

52,2

Ordinary transverse members Đ&#x;ĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; Ordinary bulkheads members Đ?Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐş

Web transverse members Đ Đ°ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;

Dry cargo vessel L = 87,05 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 87,05 Đź Dry cargo vessel L =105,8 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 105,8 Đź Dry cargo vessel L =118,4 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 118,4 Đź Dry cargo vessel L =137,8 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 137,8 Đź Dry cargo vessel L =138,5 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,5 Đź Dry cargo vessel L =138,9 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,9 Đź

Web longitudinal members Đ Đ°ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;

Vessels ĐĄŃ&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž

Shell and decks Đ&#x17E;ĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x2039;

Relative part of hull member due nomenclature, % Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ´ĐžĐťŃ? Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ¸ ĐżĐž Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľĐ˝ĐşĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đľ, %

Table 7. Relative Weight Distribution for Tanker RSV due to Hull Members Nomenclature Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 7. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; ĐżĐž Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľĐ˝ĐşĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đľ Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš

8,7

14,7

2,3

6,4

0,8

1,8

9,8

50,7

7,1

18,0

1,3

10,9

2,1

1,6

8,3

57,2

8,3

18,0

1,1

8,2

0,9

1,1

5,2

Other Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐľ

Web bulkheads members Đ Đ°ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐş

55,5

Ordinary longitudinal members Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; Ordinary transverse members Đ&#x;ĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; Ordinary bulkheads members Đ?Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐş

Web transverse members Đ Đ°ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;

Tanker vessel L = 105,5 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 105,5 Đź Tanker vessel L = 138,1 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,1 Đź Tanker vessel L = 138,2 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,2 Đź

Web longitudinal members Đ Đ°ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;

Vessels ĐĄŃ&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž

Shell and decks Đ&#x17E;ĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x2039;

ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° (ĐžŃ&#x201A; 17 Đ´Đž 29 %). Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐťŃ? Đ˝Đ°Đ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐş Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐş Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° L ĐžŃ&#x201A; 8,5 Đ´Đž 5,5 %, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž (Đ¸ĐźĐľĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;Đľ ĐśĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ¸ Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ (Ń Đź. Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 6) Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x17D; Đ˛ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đľ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đ° Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐťĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 52â&#x20AC;Ś57 %. Đ&#x2014;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 20â&#x20AC;Ś22 %. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐťŃ? Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐťĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ (ĐžĐşĐžĐťĐž 10 %). Đ&#x17E;ĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˝Đ° Ń ĐľĐąŃ? Đ˛Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝ĐľĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐžĐťĐľĐš Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš ĐżĐž Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľĐ˝ĐşĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° L. ĐĄĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ĐžĐˇŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ ĐťĐ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš (10â&#x20AC;Ś12 %). Đ?Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;. 507Đ&#x2018; Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐžĐťŃ? Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐťĐ° ĐžĐşĐžĐťĐž 8 %, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đž Ń Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐ¸Đź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝ (5â&#x20AC;Ś7 ĐźĐź). Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ ĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Đ´ĐžĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC; ĐśĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201E;Đ¸ĐťĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐ°ĐťĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸ Đ´ĐžĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš. Đ&#x2019; Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐžĐź Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đž ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐžĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˛ ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192; Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°.

For dry cargo vessels (Table 6) the biggest part of the hull weight belongs to sheathing and shell weight (52â&#x20AC;&#x201C;57 %). The web beams also have a significant role (20â&#x20AC;&#x201C;22 %); the ordinary framing is only of 10%. One may pay attention that the relative nomenclature part of beams changes insignificantly at the L vessel length increase. It must be marked that the role of transverse web beams increased (10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;12 %). For example, at 507B prj. the vessels part of transverse web beams was only 8 %, which is explained by the usage of small steel thickness (5â&#x20AC;&#x201C;7 mm). The part of longitudinal stiffeners increases due to the usage of stronger beams while keeping small longitudinal frame space. The part of web longitudinal beams also increases. In a whole all this tells about steel intensity redistribution towards framing. For dry tanker vessels (Table 7) the biggest part of the hull weight also belongs to the sheathing and the shell weight (50â&#x20AC;&#x201C;57 %). Web beams also have a significant role (23â&#x20AC;&#x201C;26 %); ordinary framing is only of 9â&#x20AC;&#x201C;12 %. Also, the insignificant change of the relative beams parts |}

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Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ (Ń Đź. Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 7) Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x17D; Đ˛ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đľ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đ° Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐťĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 50â&#x20AC;Ś57 %. Đ&#x2014;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 23â&#x20AC;Ś26 %. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐťŃ? Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐťĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžĐşĐžĐťĐž 9â&#x20AC;Ś12 %. Đ˘Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˝Đ° Ń ĐľĐąŃ? Đ˛Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝ĐľĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐžĐťĐľĐš Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš ĐżĐž Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľĐ˝ĐşĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° L. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐťŃ? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐľĐš ĐľŃ&#x2030;Đľ ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ĐˇĐ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Đ°, Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐź Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2026; (15â&#x20AC;Ś18 %). ĐŁĐ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐšĐ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇŃ?ĐźĐ¸ Ń?ĐşĐ˛Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐąŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń Đ°. Đ&#x2018;ĐžĐťĐľĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ°, Đ˛ Ń Đ˛ĐžŃ&#x17D; ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x152;, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A; Đş Đ˝ĐľĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐžĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń?ĐşĐ˛Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐąŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń Đ°. ĐŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ˛ĐžĐ´ Ń&#x2026;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2C6;Đž Đ¸ĐťĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ĐľŃ ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 3, 5. Đ?Đ°ĐşĐžĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˛ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš ĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A; ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, Đ˝Đ°Đ´ĐľĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ ĐąĐľĐˇĐžĐżĐ°Ń Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; Đ˝Đ° Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń ĐžĐ˛, ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš, Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐšĐžĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐź Đ´ĐžĐťĐśĐľĐ˝ ĐąŃ&#x2039;Đť Đ˝Đ°ĐšŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐť, Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x;. Đ?Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝ ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛Đž ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐžĐź ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐžĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ°, Đ˛ Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Đ¸ Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐżŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐťĐžŃ Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐşĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đş ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°Đź Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° Smin A1 A2 L Â&#x2DC; K Â&#x2DC; K a a0 , ĐłĐ´Đľ A1, A2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐşĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x192;Đť Smin Đ¸Đˇ Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸Đť, Îˇ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ°; K(a/a0) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐşĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸; a, a0 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń? Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° Đ¸ Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸ Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń? ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐšŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˝ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐź Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐ¸ĐąĐľ, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˝Đ°Đ´ĐľĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ [4], Đ´ĐžĐťĐłĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐž Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐžŃ Đ°Đź [6]. Đ?Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 6 ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐžĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˛ĐşĐ¸, Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐž Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Đź ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐšŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ ĐżĐž ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝ Đ˛ ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° L, Ń&#x2C6;ĐżaŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ a, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸ ReH Đ¸ ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ° Đ ĐĄ. Đ&#x;Đž Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Đź Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° ĐžĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ Đ˝Đľ Đ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ˝Đ° ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐľ 8...9 ĐźĐź. Đ&#x2DC;Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń? Đ¸Đˇ Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝, ĐżĐž Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš, Ń&#x192;ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 6, ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ° Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń?, ĐşĐ°Đş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐž, Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐ°Ń&#x2026; 520â&#x20AC;Ś560 ĐźĐź. Đ&#x2019; Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 8 ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ÂŤĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐľÂť Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ lKP ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC; ĐśĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ (Đ Đ&#x2013;) Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń?ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201E;Đ¸ĐťĐľĐš ĐżĐž ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Đź Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐšŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ (ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Đľ ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń?ĐšĐťĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Ď&#x192;e = 2,6Ď&#x192;tn, ĐłĐ´Đľ Ď&#x192;tn â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐť Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸) Đ¸ ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸. Đ&#x;ĐžĐ´ ÂŤĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸Âť ĐżĐžĐ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐšĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżĐžŃ?Ń Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń?ĐşĐ˛Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐąŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń Đ°, ĐłĐ´Đľ Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐ¸ĐąĐ° Đ˝ĐľĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039; (Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đť Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž Đ´Đ˝Đ°, Đ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2030;Đľ Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2026;). Đ&#x;ĐžĐ´ ÂŤĐ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźÂť ĐżĐžĐ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? 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according to the nomenclature under the changes at the vessel length (L). The part of the transverse web beams is more noticeable than on dry cargo vessels (15â&#x20AC;&#x201C;18 %). The increase of cargo space height allows raising the general longitudinal strength due to the distance increasing between the extreme beams of the hull girder. In its turn, more rational steel distribution leads to the insignificant increase of the steel intensity under significant increase of the hull girder section modulus. This conclusion is well illustrated by the data which concern the change of weight indexes in Fig. 3 and 5. The practical and technical experience of efficiency provision, reliability and safety of a RSV at the stages of class changing, modernizations, repairing, renovations, one time transitions, expansions of the swimming areas should have found and it did find its place under the design of hulls of a RSV of the new generation. This experience was accumulated in new economical conditions. The assignment of sheet elements thickness which in many aspects determine the hull steel intensity was carried out by testing the minimal thickness requirements of type Smin

A1 A2 L Â&#x2DC;

K Â&#x2DC; K a a0 , where: A1,

A2 are the coefficients of Smin formulas from the Rules; Îˇ is a material factor, K(a/a0) is a coefficient of frame space influence; a, a0 are accepted main frame space and normal frame space which provide plates steadiness at general longitudinal bending and also ensure the requirements of operational reliability [4] and wear durability [6]. The bottom shell thicknesses are shown in Fig. 6 which are required according to the provision of steadiness Smin, mm 11,0 10,0 9,0 8,0

7,0 6,0 70

100

110

120

130

140 L, m

Fig. 6. Required bottom shell thicknesses according to the minimal thickness criterion and condition of steadiness provision: Đ Đ¸Ń . 6. Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; (Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°): According to minimal thicknesses criterion / ĐżĐž ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ReH = 235 MPa, II, IISP / ReH = 235 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ°, II, IIĐĄĐ&#x;; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ReH = 315 MPa, II, IISP / ReH = 315 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ°, II, IIĐĄĐ&#x; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ReH = 235 MPa, IIISP / ReH = 235 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ°, IIIĐĄĐ&#x;; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ReH = 315 MPa, IIISP / ReH = 315 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ°, IIIĐĄĐ&#x; According to Shell Steadiness Criterion / ĐżĐž ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐšŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a = 0,50 m / a = 0,50 Đź; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a = 0,55 m / a = 0,55 Đź; + â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a = 0,635 m / a = 0.635 Đź

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\

and minimal thicknesses criterion depending on vessel length (L), a frame space, ReH steel yield point and RS class. The shell thickness should be not less than 8â&#x20AC;&#x201C;9 mm according to the operational criterion. The frame space of the longitudinal framing can be defined on the basis of these thicknesses, according to the dependencies pointed in Fig. 6. The frame space of the longitudinal framing is usually about 520â&#x20AC;&#x201C;560 mm for a RSV. In Table 8 the values of lKP â&#x20AC;&#x153;limitâ&#x20AC;? spans of the longitudinal stiffeners are defined for profiles usually used in such cases according to the steadiness and local strength criterion; the condition of provision of Euler stresses was accepted as Ď&#x192;e = 2.6Ď&#x192;tn, where Ď&#x192;tn is a normative yield point. "Non-stressed" elements include the extreme layer or hull girder parts where the general bending stresses are insignificant (the bottom on tank tops, dry cargo vessels, railroad ships). The â&#x20AC;&#x153;stressedâ&#x20AC;? elements include the extreme layer of hull girder where the general bending stress is significant (the bottom of tanker vessels, flat deck vessels or train ferry vessels). Solution of such a problem allows defining the transverse web frame space. The investigations of operational reliability of RSV hulls show that the transverse web frame space for bottom and sides should not exceed 2.0 m in order to provide the sufficient response from contact with ground, lock walls, berth or ice. The typical distributions of steel hull weight (including superstructures and hatch covers) for a RSV of the new generation are given in Table 9; the vessel light weight is given in Table 10. As the main feature it should be mentioned that the load moves from the superstructure and equipment of the engine room approximately on one theoretical frame space into the aft. Also the decrease of the aft end itself is observed due to the usage of rudder propeller and decrease of the superstructures dimensions. Besides, the relative part of hull load which is in the middle part grows with the vessel length L decrease. The cargo space increase in the MEB projects (005RST01, 006RSD02, 005RSD03, 006RSD05,

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Đ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2030;Đ° Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐş ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş Ń&#x2C6;ĐťŃ&#x17D;ĐˇĐžĐ˛, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ´Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ˝Đ°Ń? ĐżĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đľ Đ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; 2,0 Đź. Đ˘Đ¸ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° (Đ˛ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń? Đ˝Đ°Đ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐšĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ ĐťŃ&#x17D;ĐşĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ°ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?) ĐĄĐĄĐ&#x; Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 9, ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ˝ĐľĐź â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 10. Đ&#x2019; ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đľ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń ĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˝Đ°Đ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐšĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đž Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đ˛ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x192;, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Ń ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń ĐžĐąŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ&#x2019;Đ Đ&#x161; Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ°Đ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐšĐşĐ¸. Đ&#x161;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž, Ń Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; L Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ´ĐžĐťŃ? Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ°, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń?Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐšŃ Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;. ĐŁĐ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x2018; (005RST01, 006RSD02, 005RSD03, 006RSD05, 007RSD07, RST22) ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đž ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐľ (Đ˝Đ° ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2026;) Đ˛ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đľ Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐťĐľĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ° ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžĐżĐžĐ˛ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐťĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐťĐžĐ˝ĐžĐş, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐťĐž Ń ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x192; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đž Đ˝Đ° 20 %, ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń? ĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ°Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐżĐ¸ĐşĐ° Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐźĐżĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸ Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026;, Ń ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đ° ĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đś Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżĐžĐťĐ°ĐłĐ°ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ. Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; Đ&#x2019;Đ Đ&#x161; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x2018; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐťŃ Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž, ĐźĐ°Ń Ń ĐžĐłĐ°ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đž- Đ¸ Đ´Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐźĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛. ĐŁĐ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐšĐ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇŃ?ĐźĐ¸ Ń?ĐşĐ˛Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐąŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń Đ°. Đ&#x2018;ĐžĐťĐľĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ°, Đ˛ Ń Đ˛ĐžŃ&#x17D; ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x152;, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A; Đş Đ˝ĐľĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192;

Table 8. Definition of lKP Limit Span of Longitudinal Ribs Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 8. Đ&#x17E;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ÂŤĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;Âť ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ lKP ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ Đ&#x2013; Condition ĐŁŃ ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Đľ

Bulb Rib No Đ?ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC; ĐżĐžĐťĐžŃ ĐžĐąŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐąĐ° 12 14Đ° 14b / 14Đą 16Đ° ReH = 235 MPa/ReH = 315 MPa ReH = 235 MĐ&#x;a /ReH = 315 MĐ&#x;a

16b /16Đą

Steadiness ĐŁŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐšŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;

1,75/1,55 2,27/2,00 2,80/2,47 2,84/2,51 3,34/2,95 3,37/2,98

Local loading from water (for non-loaded flange) Đ&#x153;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ° Ń Đž Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; (Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžŃ?Ń ĐşĐ°)

1,91/2,17 2,30/2,60 2,69/3,04 2,82/3,19 3,13/3,55 3,29/3,73

Local loading from water (for loaded flange) Đ&#x153;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ° Ń Đž Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; (Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžŃ?Ń ĐşĐ°)

1,59/1,80 1,91/2,17 2,24/2,53 2,35/2,66 2,61/2,95 2,74/3,10

Load from cargo 10 t/m2 (for non-loaded flange) Đ?Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ° ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ° 10 Ń&#x201A;/Đź2 (Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžŃ?Ń ĐşĐ°)

1,44/1,63 1,73/1,96 2,02/2,29 2,12/2,40 2,36/2,67 2,47/2,80

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\

Table 9. Distribution of Steel Hull Load (Considering Superstructures, Cockpit and Hatch Covers for Dry Cargo Vessels), % Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 9. Đ Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸ ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° (Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź Đ˝Đ°Đ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐş, Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ ĐťŃ&#x17D;ĐşĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐş Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛), % Vessels Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A; Dry cargo vessel L = 87,05 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 87,05 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 105,8 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 105,8 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 118,4 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 118,4 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 137,4 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 137,4 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 137,8 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 137,8 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 138,5 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,5 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 138,9 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,9 Đź Tanker vessel L = 105,5 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 105,5 Đź Tanker vessel L = 136,2 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 136,2 Đź Tanker vessel L = 138,1 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,1 Đź Tanker vessel L = 138,2 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,2 Đź

Theoretical Frame Space Đ˘ĐľĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? 17 16 5â&#x20AC;&#x201C;15 4

7,59

3,99

6,08

5,71

4,58

4,82

4,67

5,93

4,34

3,89

7,28

4,76

4,22

5,12

5,55

5,23

5,34

4,92

2,64

2,48

5,18

6,59

7,24

6,99

4,23

4,55

4,65

5,33

5,84

3,77

6,69

6,20

6,81

4,77

4,48

4,73

5,70

4,58

4,66

3,97

8,00

7,27

7,29

4,72

4,30

4,42

5,18

4,53

5,35

4,53

5,94

6,55

6,69

5,14

4,43

4,67

5,17

5,49

4,52

3,88

4,25

5,28

5,67

6,46

5,64

4,82

4,65

6,45

4,88

3,71

5,76

8,42

8,17

8,57

4,87

4,19

4,02

5,17

4,78

4,28

2,86

12,83

11,60

4,52

3,80

4,03

3,68

4,66

5,02

6,53

5,52

8,73

8,18

4,93

4,12

4,46

4,77

4,80

5,79

3,37

4,70

5,80

6,51

7,15

5,12

4,66

4,21

5,45

5,33

4,08

Table 10. Distribution of Light Weight Load, % Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 10. Đ Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ˝ĐľĐź, % Vessels Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A; Dry cargo vessel L = 87,05 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 87,05 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 105,8 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 105,8 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 118,4 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 118,4 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 137,4 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 137,4 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 137,8 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 137,8 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 138,5 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,5 Đź Dry cargo vessel L = 138,9 m ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,9 Đź Tanker vessel L = 105,5 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 105,5 Đź Tanker vessel L = 136,2 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 136,2 Đź Tanker vessel L = 138,1 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,1 Đź Tanker vessel L = 138,2 m Đ?ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž, L = 138,2 Đź

Theoretical Frame Space Đ˘ĐľĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? 17 16 5â&#x20AC;&#x201C;15 4

12,74

9,48

8,84

6,07

4,33

3,86

3,97

4,55

5,48

2,11

7,25

13,61

14,05

8,53

4,93

3,26

3,73

4,86

3,98

8,51

10,32

11,41

6,32

3,87

4,00

3,88

3,96

4,41

3,68

12,22

10,33

10,52

4,02

3,72

3,91

4,25

3,68

3,89

4,27

13,49

6,87

7,03

4,50

4,22

4,30

4,55

4,23

4,20

3,55

13,87

8,68

11,28

4,93

3,64

3,72

4,04

4,22

3,61

4,27

6,32

7,57

6,47

6,75

5,40

4,49

4,33

5,38

4,35

4,09

5,87

7,63

9,10

10,91

6,80

4,26

3,42

3,45

3,83

2,68

9,94

14,99

13,26

3,83

3,33

3,51

3,24

3,96

4,13

4,59

11,35

10,59

10,44

4,31

3,66

3,83

4,08

3,80

5,55

4,27

11,15

9,64

11,13

5,27

3,78

3,94

4,32

4,41

4,19

2,39

007RSD07, RST22) was realized by using the full-turn rudder propellers as a united propulsion-steering device in native practice (on cargo vessels) for the first time. That allowed decreasing the engine room length by 20 %, refusing from an afterpeak and steering gear room, and

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Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

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j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\

ĐżĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛, Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x2018;, Ń ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐśĐ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026;, Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Đź Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x; Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸Đ¸. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşĐľ ĐżĐž Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x203A; ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Îź2 = 1.0014 + 3.75Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;5LBD/ Đź3/Ń&#x201A;. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşĐľ Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐľ (3,60 Đź) ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Îź1 = 1,3915 + 5,27Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;5LBD/ Đź3/Ń&#x201A;. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşĐľ ĐżĐž Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x203A; ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ď 2 = 0,7401 + 1,47Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;5LBD/ Ń&#x201A;/Đź3. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşĐľ Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐľ (3,60 Đź) ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ď 1 = 0,8806 + 1,48Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;5LBD/ Ń&#x201A;/Đź3. Đ?ĐľĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľ ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐžĐ˛ĐžĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ (Ń Đź. Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 11â&#x20AC;&#x201C;13), Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x2018;, ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ´Đľ Đ˛Ń ĐľĐłĐž Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đľ Đ´ĐžĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐž ĐżĐž Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Đź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A; Đş Ń ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x152; Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ Đ˛ ĐžĐśĐ¸Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐąĐťĐ°ĐłĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐłĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039;

also providing the required manoeuvrability and running at straitened conditions, decreasing the expenditure on assemblage and future expenditure on repair and maintenance. The selection of rudder propeller for the MEB projects was carried out on the basis of the special price, weight-dimension and risk-oriented investigations comparing to usual single-screw and double-screw vessels. The increase of cargo space height allows raising the general longitudinal strength due to the distance increasing between the extreme beams of the hull girder. In its turn, more rational steel distribution leads to the insignificant increase of the steel intensity under significant increase of the hull girder section modulus. The comparison of relative cargo capacity of the MEB design and the existing RSV is given in Fig. 7â&#x20AC;&#x201C;10. The increase of cargo spaces of vessels designed by the MEB is followed by the increase of relative cargo capacity at draughts that correspond to conditions of Russian inland waterways. q, m3/t 1,70 1,60 1,50 1,40 1,30 1,20 1,10 1,00 0,90 0,80 4000

q, m3/t 2,60 2,40

8000

12000

16000

2,20 2,00 1,80 1,60 1,40 1,20 1,00 4000

LBD, m3

Fig. 7. Relative cargo capacity of dry cargo RSV (at summer free board draught):

LBD, m3

p, t 3/m

1,00

0,90

0,80

0,70

0,60

0,60 12000

16000

Đ Đ¸Ń . 8. ĐŁĐ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; (Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşĐľ 3,60 Đź):

8000

12000

Fig. 8. Relative cargo capacity of dry cargo RSV (in river at draught of 3,60 m):

Đ Đ¸Ń . 7. ĐŁĐ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; (ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşĐľ ĐżĐž Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x203A;):

0,50 4000

8000

0,50 4000

LBD, m3

8000

12000

LBD, m3

Fig. 9. Specified density of oil-tanker RSV (at summer free board draught):

Fig. 10. Specified density of oil-tanker RSV (in river at draught of 3,60 m):

Đ Đ¸Ń . 9. ĐĄĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; (ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşĐľ ĐżĐž Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x201C;Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x203A;):

Đ Đ¸Ń . 10. ĐĄĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; (Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşĐľ 3,60 Đź):

}Â

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\

To define the relative cargo capacity of dry cargo RSVs at summer free board draught the following formula can be recommended: Îź2 = 1.0014 + 3.75Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;5LBD/, m3/t. To define the relative cargo capacity of dry cargo RSVs at river draught (3.60 m) the following formula can be recommended: Îź1 = 1.3915 + 5.27Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;5LBD/, m3/t. To define the specified density of oil-tanker RSVs at summer free board draught the following formula can be recommended: Ď 2 = 0.7401 + 1.47Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;5LBD/, t/m3. To define the specified density of oil-tanker RSVs at river draught (3.60 m) the following formula can be recommended: Ď 1 = 0.8806 + 1.48Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;5LBD/, t/m3. The specific increase of power capacity of vessels designed by the MEB (Fig. 11â&#x20AC;&#x201C;13) allows first of all increase of the vessel velocity in waves which is permissible according to the hull strength conditions. This leads to the reduction of running time losses due to the favourable weather expectation comparing to the existing RSV and finally it significantly increases the economic efficiency of the MEB design vessels. To define the capacity of main engines an analytical formula was obtained NMDM /Î&#x201D; = 0.288 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 3.7Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;6LBD/, kWt/t which provides obtaining of operational velocity VS â&#x2030;&#x2C6; 10.5 kN. Under this deviation from the formula only one project took place where the main engines with excess capacity were chosen according to the shipownerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s decision. CONCLUSION. As a result of investigations the ideas and principles for the design of a RSV of the new generation were adjusted in order to use them at the preliminary design stage. The obtained results and principles were used as a basis for new RSV projects developed by the Marine Engineering Bureau in 2005â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2010; these principles indicate the modern tendencies in the RSV design.

N/â&#x2C6;&#x2020;, kWt/t 0,30 0,28 0,26 0,24 0,22 0,20 0,18 4000

NMDM/â&#x2C6;&#x2020;, kWt/t 0,30

0,26

0,22

0,18 4

LBD Âˇ103, m3

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0,25 0,24 0,23 0,22 0,21 12000

LBD, m3

12000

0,26

10000

Đ Đ¸Ń . 11. ĐĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐžĐ˛ĐžĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; (ĐąĐľĐˇ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°):

0,27

8000

Fig. 11. Relative power capacity of dry cargo RSV (without conditional depth):

N/â&#x2C6;&#x2020;, kWt/t

0,20 6000

6000

14000 LBD, m3

Fig. 13. Relative power capacity of oil-tanker RSV (without conditional depth) Đ Đ¸Ń . 13. ĐĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐžĐ˛ĐžĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐĄĐ&#x17E;Đ Đ&#x; (ĐąĐľĐˇ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°) Ă&#x2014; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; MEB projects / ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ&#x153;Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x2018;; + â&#x20AC;&#x201D; existing vessel / Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°

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Список литературы [1]

Егоров, Г. В. Проектирование судов ограниченных районов плавания на основании теории риска [Текст] / Г. В. Егоров. — СПб. : Судостроение, 2007. — 384 с.

[2]

Егоров, Г. В. Принципы создания нового поколения транспортных судов ограниченных районов плавания [Текст] / Г. В. Егоров // Сб. трудов 7-й Междунар. конф. по судостроению, судоходству, оборудованию морских платформ и обеспечивающих их работу плавсредств, морская техника для освоения океана и шельфа «Нева – 2003». —– СПб., 2003. — С. 29–32.

[3]

Егоров, Г. В. Основные факторы, влияющие на надежность корпусов судов ограниченного района плавания [Текст] / Г. В. Егоров // Прочность и техническая эксплуатация корпусов судов : сб. науч. трудов БГАРФ. — Калининград, 1998. — Вып. 27. — С. 73–80.

[4]

Егоров, Г. В. Учет требований эксплуатационной прочности при назначении толщин корпусов судов внутреннего плавания системы Дунай-Майн-Рейн [Текст] / Г. В. Егоров // Сб. науч. трудов УГМТУ. — Николаев : УГМТУ, 2000. — № 3 (369). — С. 32–43.

[5]

Егоров, Г. В. Особенности конструкций корпусов судов ограниченных районов плавания нового поколения [Текст] / Г. В. Егоров // Вопросы динамической прочности, вибрации и безопасности эксплуатации корпусов судов : Труды ЦНИИ им акад. А. Н. Крылова. — 2005. — Вып. 21(305). — С. 126–143.

[6]

Егоров, Г. В. Оценка расчетных скоростей износа корпусов судов смешанного плавания [Текст] / Г. В. Егоров // Труды НТК по СМК памяти акад. Ю. А. Шиманского. — СПб. : ЦНИИ им. акад. А. Н. Крылова, 2006. — С. 15–17.

[7]

Егоров, Г. В. Реклассифицированные суда смешанного плавания [Текст] / Г. В. Егоров // Вестник ОНМУ. — О. : ОНМУ, 2010. — Вып. 29. — С. 3–16. _______________________ © Г. В. Егоров, А. Г. Егоров Статью рекомендует в печать д-р техн. наук, проф. В. А. Некрасов

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Инновации в судостроении и судоремонте; Методы исследований в конструировании и проектировании судов; Технологии и материалы в судовом машиностроении; Инновационные средства усовершенствования СЭУ; Холод в энергетике; Эко- и техногенная безопасность в судостроении; Безопасность мореплавания; Инновации в судовых электротехнических системах и автоматике; Управление программами и проектами в судостроении; Экономические вопросы судостроения; Инновации в подготовке кадров для отрасли; Морское транспортное право

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ĐŽ. Đ?. Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛, Đ´-Ń&#x20AC; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş yuriy.korobanov@nuos.edu.ua ORC ID: 0000-0002-1017-3939 Đ?. Đ&#x2DC;. Đ&#x161;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2020;ĐžĐ˛, Đş-Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş anatolii.kuznietsov@nuos.edu.ua ORC ID: 0000-0001-5149-3181 Đ?. Đ?. Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°, Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ´. 111016@nuos.edu.ua ORC ID: 0000-0002-2841-1659

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Â&#x201A; & bEGE76DE86 WBB6 WD:G;;8D6

Abstract. The new laws of formation of the hull structures which can lead to the movement speed increase of small and high-speed vessels are discussed. The constructive decisions of such vessels are analyzed: planning boats, hydrofoils, catamarans, relief vessels, surfacepiercing vessels, kinematically hull hinge vessels, with outriggers, swath vessels, hovercrafts, sailing vessels with wing propeller. The effect of speed increase is determined by means of the formation of transverse and longitudinal planning steps, hydrofoils including the wings of relief vessels, and also by means of the air cushion. The hydrodynamic schemes which provide the hull lifting above the water surface are much more common and this operation is carried out by planning, wing-systems, creating the air cushion, as well as by the combination of these constructive methods. The constructive decisions and methods related to the reduction of the wave component of water resistance are determined and systemized. This is achieved in two ways, either by the hull lifting above the water surface or hull submerging under the water, either by the decrease of the waterline area or increase of the ratio of the vessel in its width. The research results can be used in the design of new types of speed and small vessels with the possible compilation of several constructive ways in order to improve the speed of sailing. The set laws allow controlling the design processes, making a variety of design decisions in the formation of hull structures of small and high-speed vessels. Keywords: small and high-speed vessels, constructive decisions, speed rate. Đ?Đ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?, Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛, Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸ĐźĐžĐ˛ Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸ Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°, ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?, Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸Đź. Đ?Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń?. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x2013;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đž ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2013; Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń?, Ń?ĐşŃ&#x2013; Đ˛Đ¸ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń? Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝ĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´Ń&#x192;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2013; ĐźĐ°ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x2C6;Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ĐşŃ&#x2013;Ń Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐľĐ˝ Ń&#x2013; ĐˇĐ´Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2013; ĐżŃ&#x2013;Đ´Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x2C6;Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ĐşŃ&#x2013;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2013; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x2014;Ń&#x2026; ĐľĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x2014;. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013; Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x2013; Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x2C6;Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ĐşŃ&#x2013;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2013; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°, ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2013; Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń?, Ń&#x2C6;Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ĐşŃ&#x2013;Ń Đ˝Đ¸Đš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸Đź. References Dubrovskiy V. A. Sravnenie sudov s autrigerami s drugimi mnogokorpusnymi sudami [Comparison of vessels with outriggers and other multihull vessels]. Sudostroenie â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Shipbuilding, 2001, no 1, pp. 9 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 14. Babenko V. V., Kuznetsov Al. I., Kuznetsov An. I., Moroz V. V. Metodika provedeniya buksirovochnykh ispytaniy v opytovom basseyne s pomoshchyu dvukh modeley glissiruyushchego sudna [Technique of towing-tank tests using two models of planning boats]. Prikladnaya gidromekhanika â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Applied hydromechanics, vol. 5 (77), no 4, pp.5 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 11. Plenkin Yu. A. Sudno s kombinirovannym korpusom [Vessel with combined hull]. Morskoy flot â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Sea fleet, 1981, no 1, pp. 48 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 49. }|

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Aluminum Boats Safra. Kaiser aluminum & chemical sales. INC, Oakland, California, 1978. 111 p. Boytsov G. V., Nebylov V. M., Taubin G. O. Prochnost sudovykh konstruktsiy iz alyuminievykh splavov [Ship structure strength from aluminum alloys]. Leningrad, Gosudarstvennoe soyuznoe izdatelstvo sudostroitelnoy promyshlennosti, 1962. 212 p. Kuznetsov A. I. Opredelenie vesovykh pokazateley korpusnykh konstruktsiy parusno-motornykh, motornykh yakht i malotonnazhnykh sluzhebnykh sudov na rannikh stadiyakh proektirovaniya [Weight indices measurement of hull structures of motor sailing, motor yachts and light service vessels in the early design stages]. Mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya v chest 80-letnego yubileya professora V.V. Kozlyakova [International Scientific and Practical Conference in Honor of Professor V.V. Kozlyakov 80th Anniversary]. Odessa, 2010, pp. 300 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 311. Ernest H. Sims Aluminium Boatbuilding. Adlard Coles Nautical. London, 118 p. Kirilenko A. N. Sudostroitelnye splavy na osnove alyuminiya [Shipbuilding aluminum alloys]. Natsionalnyy tekhnicheskiy universitet Ukrainy ,,Kievskiy politekhnicheskiy institutâ&#x20AC;?; Spetsialna metalurhiia: vchora, sohodni, zavtra [National Technical University of Ukraine â&#x20AC;&#x153;Kyiv Polytechnic Instituteâ&#x20AC;?; Special Electric Metallurgy: yesterday, today and tomorrow]. 2010, pp. 197 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 203. Đ&#x;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;. ĐĄŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐťŃ&#x17D;Đ´ĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľĐłĐž ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐž ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ°ĐťĐžŃ Ń&#x152; Đ˛ĐľĐşĐ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ?. ĐĄĐžĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° ĐżĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ Đž Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026;, Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, [1, 2, 5 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 7]. Đ&#x;ĐžĐżŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐżŃ&#x2039;, ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´Đ°Ń? Đ¸Đˇ ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐłĐ¸Đ´Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;, ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛, ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x192; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš. Đ?Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x192;ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đť, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ¸Đˇ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đş ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;: Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Đş Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đľ ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸, ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐź ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ°Đ´ Ń Đ˛ĐžĐąĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039;, ĐˇĐ°ĐłĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐşĐ°Đş ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐľ ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń Đ˛ĐžĐąĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, Ń Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ´Đž ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;ĐźĐ° Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ´ĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐš Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸, Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐžĐ´Ń Đ°Ń Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°ĐłĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;Đ° ĐżĐžĐ´ Đ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2030;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐľĐłĐž Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ [5]. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž ĐťĐľĐłĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ ĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ° Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ [1, 3, 4, 7, 8]. ĐŚĐ&#x2022;Đ&#x203A;ĐŹ ĐĄĐ˘Đ?Đ˘ĐŹĐ&#x2DC; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš, Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ˛ ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛, ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Đ°ĐşĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đš, ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľŃ ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛. Đ ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ¸ĐťŃ?Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐźĐžĐ˛, Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đş ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ°. Đ&#x201C;Đ¸Đ´Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;, ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐź ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ°Đ´ Ń Đ˛ĐžĐąĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039;, Đ˛Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ´Đž Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đľ Đ¸ ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐłĐťĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź, ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°ĐźĐ¸, Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;ĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ ĐşĐžĐźĐąĐ¸Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐš Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐźĐžĐ˛.

Problem Statement. The aspiration of people to increase their speed of movement by sea is proceeded for centuries and it occurs now. The modern technical system has a lot of new constructive decisions which are used in order to increase the speed [1, 2, 5 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 7]. The popular constructive decisions can be divided into three groups and one of each provides special hydrodynamic schemes which are perspective for high-speed vessels; application of various materials which allow reducing the relative mass of vessel hulls; application of non-standard nodal hull structures. Latest research and publications analysis showed that among main trends which are capable to increase the speed it is possible to highlight the increase of relation of ship length to the width of its waterline, the lifting of the vessel hull above water surface, the submerging of the main hull structures as low as possible from the surface, the width minimization of the operating waterline, the possibility of air indraft and blast under the bottom during its movement [5]. The application of relatively easy constructional materials for small high-speed vessels also makes the essential impact on their operational characteristics [1, 3, 4, 7, 8]. The article aim is to analyze the usage of constructive decisions which are carried out in order to increase the high-speed indicators, to compare their advantages and disadvantages depending on the transported cargoes, the freight traffics and water areas, to estimate the expediency of application of various constructional materials for small high-speed vessels. The compilation of several constructive methods which is capable to increase the speed of small and high-speed vessels can become the result of the analysis. Basic material. The hydrodynamic schemes which provide the lifting of vessel hull above water surface occur much more often and are carried out by the planning, wing-systems, creation of the air cushion and the combination of these constructive methods. The constructive decisions which are used in shipbuilding of small and high-speed vessels and are capable to increase of their high-speed rates of operation are analyzed, and the assessment of their compliance to the most often applied hydrodynamic schemes is also analyzed. }}

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In Fig.1, a the project of the transatlantic liner with deep V-figurative lines is shown. The constructive formation of vessel lines is carried out in such a way that they could set a vessel in a planning mode. It is one the first attempts to increase the speed of a moving vessel. Thus, there is a redistribution of forces of water resistance to the vessel movement which partially push out the vessel hull above water surface. The usage of the cross-section redans which reduce slightly the bottom moistened surface and provide the air indraft under the bottom is the improvement of the planning vessels hulls. The transition to the multi-hull structures of planning vessels was one of the constructive decisions. The multihull structures allow using hulls of such vessels with the raised relation of hull length to its width. In Fig. 1, b the form of bottom of the planning triple-hulled vessel is presented. There are channels on this vessel which are necessary for the air indraft and cavern storage under the bottom and it leads to the reduction of the friction layer viscosity under the bottom. There are the splash boat ledges which are intended to reduce the vessel spray resistance in the after part of the side hulls. In Fig. 1, c the lines form of the planning vessel with a big flare and

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multilayer splash boats is represented. In Fig. 1, d the Hull of the planning vessel with longitudinal redans projection is represented. These hydrodynamic schemes demand a special constructive supply which differs essentially from the standard one which is applied in shipbuilding. There is a significant amount of raised structures with considerable gradients of rigidity change, and also laid on structures in relation to the hull plate of structures. It is known that the reduction of waterline width leads to the decrease of the initial vessel stability. The usage of the multihull vessels gives a chance to use hulls with bigger relation of length of each vessel hull to its width, thus, keeping the stability and the biggest area of the deck. The vessels hulls of the extended form (at relation of L/B â&#x2030;Ľ 10 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 12) have smaller water resistance. The formation of longitudinal redans has quite a various character as their settled forms have not been developed yet. In Fig. 2, a a reduced form of the aluminum hull lines of planning vessel with multilayer splash boats and longitudinal redans is represented. In Fig. 2, b the front view on the planning vessel hull with longitudinal redans is represented. In Fig. 2, c the longitudinal redans are used in the planning catamaran hull. The usage (in one vessel structure) of several hulls with increased relation of L/B led to the development of such vessels as catamarans, triple-hulled vessels, vessels with outriggers and so on. The catamarans of displacement type have big area of the deck which is used

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Fig. 1. Hull Structures of High-speed Vessels which Contain Longitudinal Redans: Đ Đ¸Ń . 1. Đ&#x161;ĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛: a) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; front view on the planning vessel hull with longitudinal redans / Ń ĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039;; b) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đą) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; planning catamaran hull / Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐłĐťĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸; c) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ˛) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; longitudinal redans in the planning catamaran hull / ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐłĐťĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ°

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Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐ°Ń Ń Đ°ĐśĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐšĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐşĐžĐťĐľŃ Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ¸. Đ&#x2019; ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐžĐš ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ°Đ´Đ¸ ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x2039; Đ˝Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ´Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°. Đ?Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 3, Đ° ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đš Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ°, Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 3, Đą â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đš Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ ĐłĐťĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ Đ˝ĐžŃ ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐžĐşĐžĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń?ĐźĐ¸. ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;ĐľĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ˝ĐľĐ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžĐź ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ° ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź, Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đź ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°, Đž Đ˛Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ˛ĐžĐťĐ˝Ń&#x192;. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń ĐźŃ?ĐłŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ° ĐźĐľĐśĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A; Đ¸ĐźĐľĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐşĐťĐ¸Đ˝ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x192;. Đ˘Đ°ĐşĐ°Ń? Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ° ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x2026;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2C6;Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 3, Đ°, Đą. Đ&#x201C;ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐąĐžĐşĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź L/Đ&#x2019; ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˝ĐžŃ ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžĐşĐžĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš. Đ˘Đ°ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐžĐşĐžĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐťĐľĐłĐşĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ˛ĐžĐťĐ˝Ń&#x192;, ĐşĐ°Đş ĐąŃ&#x2039; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇĐ°Ń? ĐľĐľ. Đ&#x2019; Đ°ĐşĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐŽĐłĐž-Đ&#x2019;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ?ĐˇĐ¸Đ¸ Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đž Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐłĐťĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżĐ°Ń Ń Đ°ĐśĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐźĐžĐąĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž-ĐżĐ°Ń Ń Đ°ĐśĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš. Đ?Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° Sea Cat. Đ?Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 3, Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đš Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ°. Đ&#x201C;ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đš ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ Ń ĐźĐľĐśĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐşĐťĐ¸Đ˝ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x2039; ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 4. Đ?Đ° Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐśĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşĐľ Ń&#x2026;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2C6;Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°

for transportation of passengers, containers and wheel equipment. The fishery vessels also need the big area of the deck. In Fig. 3, a the general view of the catamaran of displacement type is shown. In Fig. 3, b the general view of the planning catamaran with cutting fore ends is represented. The serious drawback of catamarans is the potential possibility of blow of the bridge which connects the vessel hulls to a head wave. The interhull bridge has a wedge-shaped form in order to mitigate the blow. Such a form of the bridge is well shown in Fig. 3 a, b. The planning catamarans have a structure of side hulls with the raised relation of L/B at the expense of a form of their fore ends. Such ends are capable to enter easily into the running wave, as though cutting it. In the South-East Asia water areas the planning catamarans for passenger and car-and-passenger ferry connections are actively used. The Sea Cat type catamarans are mostly widespread. In Fig. 3, c the general view of such a catamaran is given. The planning catamaran with the interhull bridge of a wedge-shaped form is also shown in Fig. 4. In the same Fig. the form of the internal surface of catamaran hulls is well represented. They have smooth rounding frames so the blow of a head wave can pass tangentially to the connecting bridge. The questions of ensuring the general longitudinal strength are in the middle distance when designing the hull structures of multihull vessels. There are serious problems of ensuring the cross-section strength and torsion strength unlike the mono hull structures. The constructive formation of a vessel which allows setting the vessel hull in and holding it above water surface is carried out by means of underwater wing systems. That is one more attempt of the speed increase of a moving vessel. In this case there is a redistribution of lift capacity of the underwater wings which arise when the vessel moves. These underwater wings push out the vessel hull above water surface. From all the variety of structures of underwater wings it is possible to outline the most widespread ones in shipbuilding of such type of vessels (Fig. 5). The wing

b) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đą) Fig. 3. General View of Vessels of Catamarans Type: Đ Đ¸Ń . 3. Đ&#x17E;ĐąŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đš Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ°:

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Fig. 5. Some Types of Wing Systems of Hydrofoils: Đ Đ¸Ń . 5. Đ?ĐľĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżŃ&#x2039; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń?Ń&#x2026;:

Đ Đ¸Ń . 4. Đ&#x201C;ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đš ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ Ń ĐźĐľĐśĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐşĐťĐ¸Đ˝ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ¸ Ń Đž Ń ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Đ˝ĐłĐžŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ¸

a) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; V-figurative system of continuous underwater wings / V-ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° Ń ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛; b) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đą) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; flat single aft and pair bow wings / ĐżĐťĐžŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˝ĐžŃ ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń?; c) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ˛) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; wings of rack type / ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń? Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ°; d) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đł) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; flat continuous bow and aft wings / ĐżĐťĐžŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ Ń ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˝ĐžŃ ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń?

systems of hydrofoils are subdivided by stationary and operated ones. The wing systems of stationary type have the fixed angle of the wing attack; the operated ones are capable to change the angle of wing system attack depending on the disturbance and rolling of the vessel. The wing systems of uncontrollable type received the biggest distribution, i.e. stationary oriented ones relative to the vessel hull. The operated systems of underwater wings are used on the vessels operated in sea and are capable to react to the sea disturbance by means of change of underwater wings lift capacity. The high-speed pleasure catamaran general view of which is given in Fig. 6, a and has the air wing to unload the aft end of a boat. The general view of the underwater unloading wing is given in Fig. 6, b. Such a wing does not lift the vessel hull under water surface, but only partially lifts the aft part of a vessel, thereby reducing the vessel resistance. The combination of underwater wings together with a triple-hulled vessel structure is given in Fig. 7, a. In this case, two directions of speed increase are carried out. One of them is connected with the increase of relative lengthening of the vessel hull; another one is connected with the possibility to raise the vessel hull above water surface. One can reduce the wave resistance to the vessel movement by means of submerging the main hull as deep as possible relatively the free surface. Such an idea is shown in Fig. 7, b where the main vessel hull lowers in a movement mode and raises in order to reduce the draft. The inter transmission of the main hull of the vessel relatively the deck is carried out by means of the underwater wing systems of rack type and horizontal wheels of the semi-submerged hull. It is supposed to supply the vessel with the spacious deck and to support the vessel stability by means of wing systems.

Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ°. Đ&#x17E;Đ˝Đ¸ Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x2C6;ĐżĐ°Đ˝ĐłĐžŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039; Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC; Đ˛Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛ĐžĐťĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đž Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đť ĐżĐž ĐşĐ°Ń Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐžĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐš ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń?Ń&#x201A; Đ˛ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x2039; ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸, Đ˛ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐźĐžĐ˝ĐžĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛, Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;ĐľĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸. Đ&#x161;ĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°, ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐľĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ¸ Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ°Đ´ Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D;, ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐź ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź. ĐŃ&#x201A;Đž ĐľŃ&#x2030;Đľ ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ° ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐśŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐžŃ Ń? Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Đť ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛, Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐşĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°. Đ&#x2DC;Đˇ Đ˛Ń ĐľĐłĐž ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ¸Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛ ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 5). Đ&#x161;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ. Đ&#x161;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşŃ Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x192;ĐłĐžĐť Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐ¸ ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťĐ°, Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x192;ĐłĐžĐť Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐ¸ ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˛ ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐşĐ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°. Đ?Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľĐźĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ°, Ń&#x201A;. Đľ. Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Đž ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°. ĐŁĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛ Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2026;, Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ° ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ, Đ¸ Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐłĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ° ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐľ Đ˛ĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x2039; ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛. 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Fig. 4. Planning Catamaran with Interhull Bridge of Wedgeshaped Form and Internal Rounding Frames

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для разгрузки кормовой оконечности катера. Общий вид подводного разгрузочного крыла приведен на рис. 6, б. Такое крыло не поднимает корпус судна над поверхностью воды, а только частично приподнимает кормовую часть судна, уменьшая тем самым сопротивление судна. Комбинация подводных крыльев в сочетании с конструкцией тримарана приведена на рис. 7, а. В этом случае реализуются два направления повышения скорости. Одно связано с увеличением относительного удлинения корпуса судна, другое — с возможностью приподнять корпус судна над свободной поверхностью воды. Уменьшить волновое сопротивление движению судна можно погрузив основной корпус как можно глубже относительно свободной поверхности. Такая идея реализована на рис. 7, б, где основной корпус судна опускается в режиме движения и приподнимается для уменьшения осадки. Взаимное перемещение основного корпуса относительно палубы осуществляется подводными крыльевыми системами этажерочного типа и горизонтальными рулями полупогружного корпуса. Предполагается снабдить судно просторной палубой, а остойчивость поддерживать крыльевыми системами. Другой вариант подвижной фиксации корпусных конструкций относительно друг друга приведен на рис. 8. Здесь показан вариант подвижного сочленения трех судовых корпусов. Во время движения судна средний корпус приподнимается над поверхностью воды, что позволяет ему двигаться как обычному катамарану. При стоянке средний корпус приспускается, что позволяет резко снизить осадку и использовать такой тип судна на мелководье. Такое конструктивное решение приемлемо для судов речного и озерного плавания. Многокорпусное скоростное судно водоизмещающего типа с аутригерами приведено на рис. 9. Судно с аутригерами отличает от тримарана отсутствие палубы, соединяющей все три корпуса. Корпуса аутригеров крепятся посредством кронштейнов, и они имеют значительно меньшие размеры по сравнению с основным корпусом. Как показано на рис. 9, б, один кормовой аутригер имеет общую палубу с основным корпусом, но размеры его значительно меньше основного корпуса. Расположение одного аутригера связано с тем, что при накренении судна на правый борт он работает как противовес, при накренении на левый борт —

b) – б)

Fig. 6. High-speed Pleasure Catamaran with Aft Air Wing (a) and Underwater Unloading Wing on Aft Skeg (b) Рис. 6. Скоростной прогулочный катамаран с кормовым воздушным крылом (а) и подводное разгрузочное крыло на кормовом скеге (б)

b) – б)

Fig. 7. High-speed Pleasure Triple-hulled Vessel with Underwater Wings (a) and Semi-submerged Vessel with Wing Systems (b). Рис. 7. Скоростной прогулочный тримаран на подводных крыльях (а) и полупогружное судно с крыльевыми системами (б)

The other variant of moveable fixation of hull structures relatively each other is given in Fig. 8. Here the variant of the moveable joint of three vessel hulls is shown. During the vessel movement the center hull rises above water surface which allows it moving like a usual catamaran. Under the dockage the center hull is lowered slightly which allows lowering sharply the draft and using such a type of vessel on shallow water. Such a constructive decision is acceptable for vessels of river and lake swimming. The multihull high-speed vessel of displacement type with outriggers is given in Fig. 9. The lack of the deck (which connects all three hulls) distinguishes the vessel with outriggers from a triple-hulled vessel. The hulls of outriggers fasten by means of brackets, and they have considerably smaller sizes in comparison to the main hull. As is shown in Fig. 9, в one aft outrigger has a public deck with the main hull, but its sizes much less than the sizes of the main hull. The arrangement of one outrigger is connected with the fact that under the heeling of the vessel on the right board the outrigger operates as a counterbalance, under the heeling of the vessel on

Fig. 8. Multihull Vessel with Inter-kinematic Moveable Hulls Connection Рис. 8. Многокорпусное судно со взаимно кинематическим подвижным соединением корпусов

£y y y x{

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как дополнительная плавучесть. Расположение в кормовой части определяется основным расположением составляющей водоизмещения именно в кормовой части. Большое распространение получают суда с малой площадью ватерлинии двойного корпуса (Small Waterline Twin Hull). Подводная часть их корпусов, закрепленных на сплошных стойках, имеют сигарообразную форму (рис. 10, а). Призматические подводные корпуса показаны на рис. 10, б, суда с подводными корпусами на отдельных стойках — на рис. 10, в. Конструктивные преимущества судов с малой площадью ватерлинии двойного корпуса очевидны из рис. 10, г: эта повышенная площадь палубы и размещение жилых помещений в межкорпусном мосту. Суда с малой площадью ватерлинии двойного корпуса нуждаются в повышении продольной остойчивости, что достигается установкой горизонтальных рулей в оконечностях подводных корпусов (рис. 11). Горизонтальный руль имеет крыльевой профиль, обращенный в сторону диаметральной плоскости. Подобные рули располагаются по обе стороны одинарного корпуса судна с малой площадью ватерлинии. Проектирование корпусных конструкций судов с различными вариантами крыльевых систем, с малой площадью ватерлинии, с кинематически подвижными соединениями связано со значительными сложностями в обеспечении передачи и распределения относительно больших нагрузок, близких к сосредоточенным, в локальных районах корпусных конструкций. При ориентации на корпус катамарана возникает возможность немного приподнять его над ватерлинией, используя сжатый воздух, нагнетаемый под корпус судна, называемый воздушной подушкой. В носовой и кормовой частях воздушной подушки устанавливается гибкое ограждение, способное препятствовать неконтролируемому вытеканию воздуха из воздушной подушки. Такого типа суда принято называть судами на воздушной подушке (СВП) скегового типа (рис. 12). Скегами называют жесткие корпуса, подобные катамарану. Если воздушную подушку удерживать под корпусом судна только гибким ограждением, то можно получить конструкцию судна на воздушной подушке амфибийного типа (рис. 13). При этом соприкосновение судна с водной поверхностью происходит только гибким ограждением. Проектирование конструкций СВП связано, в первую очередь, с обеспечением прочности и износостойкости гибких элементов, особенно в районах их соединений с корпусными конструкциями. Несколько французских фирм разработали принципиально новый тип судна, движимого ветром. Его наклонный 12-метровый парус-крыло создает подъемную силу, которая не только толкает корпус вперед, но и приподнимает его из воды, уменьшая гидродинамическое сопротивление. Двухметровые концевые

b) – б) Fig. 9. Multihull Vessel with two Outriggers (a), with оne Outrigger (b) Рис. 9. Многокорпусное судно с двумя аутригерами (а) и с одним аутригером (б)

the left board it operates as additional buoyancy. The arrangement in the aft part is determined by the basic arrangement of a displacement component exactly in the aft part. The vessels with a small area of the double hull waterline (Small Waterline Twin Hull) receive a wide outspread. The underwater part of their hulls which are fixed on the continuous racks have a cigar-shaped form (Fig. 10, a). The prismatic underwater hulls are shown in Fig. 10, b, the vessels with underwater hulls on separate racks are shown in Fig. 10, c. The constructive advantages of the vessels with a small area of the double hull waterline are obvious from Fig. 10, d which shows the raised deck area and placement of living accommodations in the inter-hull bridge. The vessels with a small area of the double hull waterline need the increase of the longitudinal stability which is reached by the installation of horizontal wheels in the ends of underwater hulls (Fig. 11). The horizontal wheel has a wing profile which is turned towards the midship line. The wheels of such a type locate on either side of a single vessel hull with a small area of waterline. The design of hull structures of vessels with different variants of wing systems, with small area of waterline, with kinematically movable connections is connected with considerable difficulties in ensuring the transfer and distribution of relatively big loads which are close ~y

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a) a)

b) – б)

c) – в)

Fig. 11. Horizontal Wheel which Stabilize Longitudinal Stability of Vessel with Small Area of Double Hull Waterline (a) and Vessel with Small Area of Single Hull Waterline (b) Рис. 11. Горизонтальный руль, стабилизирующий продольную остойчивость судна с малой площадью ватерлинии двойного корпуса, (а) и судно с малой площадью ватерлинии одинарного корпуса (б)

секции крыла жестко закреплены, а четырехметровые внутренние элероны подвижны и управляются бортовым компьютером, реагируя на малейшие изменения ветра и «выжимая» из него максимум тяги. При смене галса крыло, маневрируя элеронами, перекидывается на другой борт, а корпус почти взлетает над водой. В перспективе подобное судно сможет двигаться втрое быстрее ветра, развивая невероятную для парусников скорость — до 100 км/ч. Обеспечение прочности конструкций для такого судна, как и для судов с крыльевыми системами, связано с восприятием конструкциями больших сосредоточенных нагрузок.

d) – г) Fig. 10. Vessels with Small Area of Double Hull Waterline (Small Waterline Twin Hull): Рис. 10. Суда с малой площадью ватерлинии двойного корпуса (Small Waterline Twin Hull): a) — with Cigar-shaped Underwater Hulls / с сигарообразными подводными корпусами; b) – б) — with prismatic hulls / с призматическими; c) – в) — with underwater hulls on separate racks / с подводными корпусами на отдельных стойках; d) – г) — with the inhabited cross-structure / с жилым соединительным мостом

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Fig. 12. General View of Sidewall Air Cushion Vessel

Fig. 13. Amphibious Air Cushion Boat

Đ Đ¸Ń . 12. Đ&#x17E;ĐąŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đš Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;ĐşĐľ Ń ĐşĐľĐłĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ°

Đ Đ¸Ń . 13. Đ&#x161;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC; Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;ĐşĐľ Đ°ĐźŃ&#x201E;Đ¸ĐąĐ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ°

to the hull structures. They are concentrated in the local regions. There is a possibility to raise slightly the catamaran hull above the waterline under the orientation on it using the compressed air which is forced under the vessel hull and is called the air cushion. In the bow and aft parts of the air cushion the flexible protection which is capable to interfere the uncontrollable air outflow from the air cushion is installed. It is accepted to call the vessels of such a type as a sidewall air cushion vessel (SACV) (Fig. 12). A sidewall (skeg) is rigid hulls similar to a catamaran. If one hold the air cushion under the vessel hull only by means of the flexible protection, it is possible to obtain a structure of the amphibious air cushion vessel (Fig. 13). In this case, the contact of the vessel with a water surface occurs only by means of the flexible protection. First of all, the design of the SACV structures is connected with the supply of strength and wear resistance of flexible elements, especially in areas of their connections with hull structures. Some French firms developed essentially new type of vessel which is movable by wind. Its inclined twelvemeter sail wing creates the lift capacity which not only pushes the hull forward, but also raises it from water, reducing the hydrodynamic resistance. Two-meter wing end sections are rigidly fixed, and four-meter internal electrons are movable and controlled by the board computer, reacting to slight wind changes and â&#x20AC;&#x153;squeezing outâ&#x20AC;? maximum draft from it. Under the tack change the wing, maneuvering with electrons, is thrown on the other board, and the hull almost flies up above water. In prospect the similar vessel can move three times quicker than wind, accelerating the improbable speed for the sailing vessels up to 100 km/h. The supply of the structures strength for such a vessel is connected with the structures perception of the big concentrated loadings like for vessels with wing systems. The choice of optimum material for hull structures is a separate question of the small high-speed vessels design. The modern technologies which are applied in shipbuilding allow stopping on the following materials: shipbuilding steel (SS); lightweight alloys (LA);

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Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛, Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸ĐźĐľ Ń?Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x201A; (ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń?ĐżĐ¸ĐˇĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039;), ĐąĐľŃ Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐťĐ¸Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐź Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ¸ ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ Ń Ń?Đ˝Đ´Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐ°ĐťĐžĐłĐž Đ˛ĐľŃ Đ° Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Đ˝ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžĐš Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đľ. Đ?ĐľĐ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ (ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Đ˝ĐľĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;-Ń&#x2C6;ĐžĐš Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐş Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐąŃ&#x2039; Đ¸ Ń ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đş Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń ĐťĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026;) Đ˛ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸ĐźĐľ Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;. Đ&#x203A;Đ°ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ´Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ĐľŃ Đ¸Đ˝Đ° Đ¸Đˇ-ĐˇĐ° Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐžĐ˛Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐź Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń?ĐşŃ ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;ĐˇĐ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x201A;. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐśĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸ĐźĐ°ĐźĐ¸ Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ (ĐżĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ, Ń ĐżĐ°Ń Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ, Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐľĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ), ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ´ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˛ Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2026;, ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Đ¸ ĐťĐľĐłĐşĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ Ń ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°ĐźĐ¸. Đ?ĐľŃ ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐşĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐžĐąĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; Đ˝Đľ Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ¸Đˇ-ĐˇĐ° ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ´ĐžĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°. ĐĄ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°. Đ&#x2019;Ń Đľ Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? 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laminated wood (LW); reinforced plastics (RP); sandwich structures on the basis of the reinforced plastics (SS). The material choice depends substantially on application, sizes, mode of movement and operation conditions of small vessels. For vessels which are used in the yacht mode (short-term incidental sailings) the reinforced plastics and sandwich structures are the indisputable leaders among materials in consequence of small weight and rather low cost under mass production. The drawbacks of such materials (relatively small service life and tendency to stratification under the dynamic loadings) are insignificant in this operation mode. The laminated wood is used generally for exclusive yachts because of high cost. For vessels (patrol, rescue, service ones) with rigid operation modes and which are intended for long operation in running modes there is a choice between the shipbuilding steel and easy alloys. Despite the significant amount of research in this field the choice is not simple because of the considerable difference in structures cost and demands additional analysis. It is necessary to consider the factors of influence on the design vessel parameters in order to compare the results of alternative materials application. All factors are estimated in the assumption that the alternative structures are equal in strength and all the requirements which are suggested to the structures of the considered vessel by the Classification Society are fulfilled. 1. The factor of influence on the architectural constructive type (ACT) of a vessel does not yield to the quantitative assessment; however the ACT influences essentially on the projected vessel forming. Under the identical forms, capacity characteristics, power weight ratio the lightweight alloy vessel will have smaller displacement and, respectively, high speed in all movement modes under equal weather conditions at the expense of small hull weight. It is connected with the basic ratios of the main regularities and forming parameters for all vessels. At the expense of reduction of the â&#x20AC;&#x153;hull massâ&#x20AC;? component as a part of full displacement the position of the vessel gravity center on height will be a bit less than for the vessel with a steel hull (SH) and the stability will be higher respectively. There are less technological restrictions of the form for the lightweight alloy structures (LA), than for the steel structures (SS) (because of high alloy plasticity). Therefore, almost any forming is possible what is especially important under the vessel exterior development and difficult contours formation. 2. The factor of the weight hull structures realizes the decrease of the hull structures weight from the LA in comparison with the full strength steel structures. It does not demand the testifying, it is only a question of quantitative indicators. The correct masses relations are given for several alternative variants of vessels, for example in [7] the mass of the LA structures to the mass of the SS structures is

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Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš Đ¸Đˇ Đ&#x203A;ĐĄ Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸. ĐĄŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸Đˇ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸ Đ˛ ĐŁĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Đľ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 3,9â&#x20AC;Ś4,3 Đ´ĐžĐť./ĐşĐł Đ˛ ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń ĐťĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?; Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸Đˇ Đ&#x203A;ĐĄ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 23â&#x20AC;Ś27 Đ´ĐžĐť./ĐşĐł. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A; Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐź Đ˛ 6 Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đˇ ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸Đˇ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸. 4. Đ¤Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐ° Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐąŃ&#x2039; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸Đˇ ĐĄĐĄ Đ¸ Đ&#x203A;ĐĄ Đ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸Đť ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐş Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐąŃ&#x2039; 25â&#x20AC;Ś30 ĐťĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Đź ĐşĐ°ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;ĐźĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đ¸ ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ Đ´ĐžĐťĐłĐžĐš Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Ń Đž Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ°ĐźĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Đ¸ ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2030;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ° ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝ĐžĐź Đ¸ Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐľĐźĐ°Ń&#x2026;. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐžŃ Đ° ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń? Đ˛ ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026;, Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝ĐžĐ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐžĐąĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš. Đ?Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ Ń&#x192;Ń?ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸ĐźŃ&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ¸ Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x2039; ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;Đą ĐżĐžĐ´ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐżĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐľĐź (ĐłĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐş Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐąŃ&#x2039; Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192; Đş ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐťĐžĐ˛, Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Ń Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇĐ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐžŃ ), ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń?ĐťĐ° ĐżĐž Đ˛Ń ĐľĐš Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đľ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ°, Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˛Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń?Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝. Đ&#x161;Đ°Đş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐž, ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľ 10â&#x20AC;Ś15 ĐťĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x192;ĐşĐťĐ°Đ´ĐşĐ° ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐťĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐşĐ°ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐˇĐ°ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš. Đ ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Đž Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đš. Đ&#x161;ĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸Đˇ Đ&#x203A;ĐĄ ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝ĐľŃ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ. Đ&#x2022;Ń ĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°, Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž Đ˛ Đ?Đ¸ĐşĐžĐťĐ°ĐľĐ˛Đľ ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž Đ´ĐľŃ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛, ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đľ 60-Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń Ń? Đ´Đž Ń Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐąĐľĐˇ ĐşĐ°ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°. Đ?Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đš Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐş Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐąŃ&#x2039; Ń Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x201A; Đ¸Đˇ Đ&#x203A;ĐĄ Đ˝Đ° Ń ĐľĐłĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ´ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝, Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đş ĐşĐ°Đş Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đť Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐžĐź Ń Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐ¸ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đť Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž Ń Ń ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; 60-Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đž ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2C6;Ń&#x152;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ&#x203A;ĐĄ Đ˛ 100 Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đˇ ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ ĐżĐžĐ´Đ´Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇĐ¸Đ¸, Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐź Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152; [3]. ĐĄĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛Đž Đ˛Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸, Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸Đˇ Đ&#x203A;ĐĄ, Đ˝Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ´Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐťĐ°ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐź ĐžĐąŃ ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;

0.603; 0.670; 0.640; 0.608 for various comparable variants of small vessels. So, we can speak about the hull weight decrease which is close to 40 %. The theoretical research on a problem of the hull weight decrease is presented in [1] where the range of possible decrease of the weight indicators is given by 30â&#x20AC;Ś50 %. The wide application of the Đ?Đ&#x153;Đł3 lowstrength alloy and specific features of the research directed on the development of structures with the underestimated minimum thicknesses confirms the hull weight decrease which is close to 40 %. The research results given in [4] predict the decrease of the hull structures weight (approximately by 35 %) for a vessel from the LA in comparison with a vessel from the SS with a bulkhead from the LA. The provided data are confirmed by the research results given in [8]. In general, according to the generalized research results we can speak about the weight decrease (by 35â&#x20AC;Ś 40 %) of the hull structures which are made of the LA in comparison with the steel structures. 3. The factor of cost of the hull structures development is characterized by the relation of costs of the developed hull structures from the LA and steel. The cost of a hull structure from the ship-building steel in Ukraine is 3.9â&#x20AC;Ś4.3 $/kg depending on its manufacturing complexity. The cost of a hull structure from the LA is 23â&#x20AC;Ś 27 $/kg. The initial expenses of the structures manufacturing is 6 times as much as expenses of the steel structures. 4. The factor of service life of the hull structures of vessels from the SS and LA has significant differences. The majority of the Principles of classification societies provide the service life of 25â&#x20AC;Ś30 years with one extensive repair for steel vessel structures. There is much longer operation of small vessels with steel hulls under the condition of vessel care and its operation in fresh-water reservoirs. The reason of quite fast structures wear is the corrosion in places which are hard-to-reach for renewal of protective coverings. The most weak places are the teakwood decking (the sealants have limited service life and leak water to the decking surface and the intensive corrosion wear begins), the bilges along the whole length of the hull, the internal surfaces of the built-in water and waste tanks. As a rule, after 10â&#x20AC;Ś15 years of vessel operation the relaying of decking and extensive repair with replacement of the structure part are required. The repair is rather expensive. The LA structures can serve incomparably longer. If considering the welded vessels, it is possible to count some dozens of small vessels constructed in the late sixties and have been maintained till present days only in Mykolayiv without the extensive repair. The biggest possible service life of welded yachts from the LA is not established today, since this material for the hull structures manufacturing by means of welding came actively into operation only from the middle of the sixties. It is only known that the light-weight alloys yield to corrosion in 100 times less, than shipbuilding steel [3]. It is necessary to take into consideration that the LA hull need the periodic procedural servicing of sacrificial ~}

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Table 1. Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 1. No. / â&#x201E;&#x2013; 1

Operational Characteristics ĐĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ° Extensive Repair Đ&#x161;Đ°ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;

Repair in the Case of Damage Đ ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Đ˛ Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đľ ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?

Top-dressing Đ Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ°

Nature of Bulk Damages ĐĽĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC; ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐ°Ń&#x2026;

Painting of External Surfaces Đ&#x17E;ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐşĐ° Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš

Painting of Internal Surfaces Đ&#x17E;ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐşĐ° Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš

Vessel Liquidity Đ&#x203A;Đ¸ĐşĐ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°

Steel ĐĄŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;

Light-weight Alloy Đ&#x203A;ĐľĐłĐşĐ¸Đš Ń ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛

On average once in 15 years * Đ&#x2019; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝ĐľĐź 1 Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đˇ Đ˛ 15 ĐťĐľŃ&#x201A;* Without the cost of preparatory work is 3,9 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 4,3 $/kg Đ&#x2018;ĐľĐˇ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐ´ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; 3,9â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 4,3 Đ´ĐžĐť./ĐşĐł Thermomechanical Đ˘ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń?

Not required Đ?Đľ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń?

Hollows, holes Đ&#x2019;ĐźŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039;, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐžĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039;

Standard â&#x20AC;&#x153;seaâ&#x20AC;? scheme (possible appearance of indelible yellow stains on the covering and the necessity of complete repaint of structure) ĐĄŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ÂŤĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ°Ń?Âť Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐ° (Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐżĐžŃ?Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐźŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐśĐľĐťŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐşĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐşĐ¸ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš) Partial renewal of coverings once in 2 years Đ&#x2019; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝ĐľĐź Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐžĐąĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đˇ Đ˛ 2 ĐłĐžĐ´Đ° Rather high. It renews after the high-quality extensive repair Đ&#x201D;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Đž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń?. Đ&#x2019;ĐžĐˇĐžĐąĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐ°ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°

Without the cost of preparatory work is 23 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 27 $/kg Đ&#x2018;ĐľĐˇ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐ´ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; 23 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 27 Đ´ĐžĐť./ĐşĐł Mechanical thermal Đ&#x153;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? Hollows, holes (hollow resistance is by 29 % more than the equivalent steel structures have, destruction resistance is by 12,5 % more) Đ&#x2019;ĐźŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039;, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐžĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; (Ń ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ĐźŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đ˝Đ° 29 % ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ, Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐź Ń&#x192; Ń?ĐşĐ˛Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš, Ń ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đ˝Đ° 12,5 % ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ) Standard â&#x20AC;&#x153;seaâ&#x20AC;? scheme (under the due care â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 3â&#x20AC;Ś4 years). Only the decorative layer further renews. ĐĄŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ÂŤĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ°Ń?Âť Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐ° (ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°Đ´ĐťĐľĐśĐ°Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐź Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đľ Ń ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 4 ĐłĐžĐ´Đ°). Đ&#x2019; Đ´Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐľĐšŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐź Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐžĐąĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž Đ´ĐľĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń ĐťĐžĐš

Renewal is not required Đ&#x2019;ĐžĐˇĐžĐąĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ, ĐşĐ°Đş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐž, Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? High for a long time. Rather small number of similar vessels is in the secondary market. Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń? Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž ĐźĐ°ĐťĐžĐľ ĐşĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž ĐżĐžĐ´ĐžĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐľ

___________ ** Characteristics are improved under the plasma spraying on a surface of steel structures of the anode layer / ĐĽĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐťĐžŃ?.

(Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐˇĐ°ĐźĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛) Đ¸ Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛, Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš. 5. Đ¤Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC; Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ Ń Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝ Đş ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Đź Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš Đ¸Đˇ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸ Đ¸ Đ&#x203A;ĐĄ, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 1. Đ&#x2019;ĐŤĐ&#x2019;Đ&#x17E;Đ&#x201D;ĐŤ. 1. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ ĐźĐ°ĐťĐžĐź Đ¸ Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐź ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐťĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸, Ń Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đş Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐšŃ Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐš Đ´Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´. Đ&#x2019;ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ¸ Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ° ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżĐž Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľĐš ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đž Đ˛ 800 Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đˇ. 2. Đ&#x2019; Đ´Đ¸Đ°ĐżĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˝Đľ ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đź Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ°Ń?

protection (timely anodes replacement) and the application of lay anodes can be demanded for a vessel during the long-term dockage on the berths which have big masses of steel structures. 5. The factor of influence on operational characteristics is reduced to the main operational characteristics for structures from steel and the LA which are given in Table 1. CONCLUSION. 1. The provided analysis of the constructive decisions carried out in small and highspeed shipbuilding is reduced to remove the vessel hull from water surface, which is a dividing border of two environments. The air and water environments differ on the density approximately in 800 times. 2. In a range of the increased speeds the wave component of water resistance to vessel movement is defining. Therefore, the ~~

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сопротивления воды движению судна. Поэтому основные корпусные конструкции судна или поднимаются над уровнем водной поверхности, или заглубляются. Конструктивные решения, обеспечивающие подъем корпуса судна над свободной поверхностью воды, встречаются гораздо чаще и реализуются глиссированием, крыльевыми системами, созданием воздушной подушки и комбинацией этих конструктивных приемов. Исходя из сравнения альтернативных вариантов материалов корпусных конструкций по критерию совокупных затрат за весь срок эксплуатации, предпочтительнее легкий сплав. Дополнительно появляются следующие положительные факторы: повышенные эстетические характеристики объекта; простота обслуживания конструкций в эксплуатации; повышение ликвидности судна на вторичном рынке.

surface or submerge. The constructive decisions which provide the lifting of the vessel hull above water surface are more common and carried out by the planning, wing systems, creation of the air cushion and a combination of these constructive methods. The light-weigh alloy is more preferable according to the comparison of alternative variants of hull structures materials on the criterion of cumulative expenses over the whole term of operation. There are following positive factors: the raised esthetic characteristics of the object; the simplicity of structures service in operation; the increase of vessel liquidity at the secondary market. Список литературы [1]

Бойцов, Г. В. Прочность судовых конструкций из алюминиевых сплавов [Текст] / Г. В. Бойцов, В. М. Небылов, Г. О. Таубин. — Л. : Судпромгиз, 1962. — 212 с.

[2]

Дубровский, В. А. Сравнение судов с аутригерами с другими многокорпусными судами [Текст] / В. А. Дубровский // Судостроение. — 2001. — № 1. — С. 9 – 14.

[3]

Кириленко, А. Н. Судостроительные сплавы на основе алюминия [Текст] / А. Н. Кириленко. — К. : Национальный технический университет Украины «Киевский политехнический институт», 2010. — С. 197 – 203.

[4]

Кузнецов, А. И. Определение весовых показателей корпусных конструкций парусно-моторных, моторных яхт и малотоннажных служебных судов на ранних стадиях проектирования [Текст] / А. И. Кузнецов // Междунар. науч.практ. конф. в честь 80-летнего юбилея проф. В. В. Козлякова. — О., 2010. — С. 300 – 311.

[5]

Методика проведения буксировочных испытаний в опытовом бассейне с помощью двух моделей глиссирующего судна [Текст] / В. В. Бабенко, Ал. И. Кузнецов, Ан. И. Кузнецов, В. В. Мороз // Прикладная гидромеханика. — 2003. — Т. 5 (77), № 4. — С. 5 – 11.

[6]

Пленкин, Ю. А. Судно с комбинированным корпусом [Текст] / Ю. А. Пленкин // Морской флот. — 1981. — № 1. — С. 48 – 49.

[7]

Aluminum Boats. Safra. Kaiser aluminum & chemical sales [Тext]. — INC. — Oakland, California, 1978. — 111 p.

[8]

Ernest, H Sims. Aluminium Boatbuilding., Adlard Coles Nautical [Текст] / H Sims Ernest. — London. — 118 p.

___________________________________________ © Ю. Н. Коробанов, А. И. Кузнецов, А. А. Коробанова Статью рекомендует в печать д-р техн. наук, проф. Б. А. Бугаенко

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Yevstakhiy I. Kryzhanovskiy Oleg G. Dzeba Vladimir V. Zaytsev Valeriy V. Zaytsev Andrey P. Dzhus Aleksandr M. Susak

Đ&#x2022;. Đ&#x2DC;. Đ&#x161;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐśĐ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń ĐşĐ¸Đš, Đ´-Ń&#x20AC; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201E;.1 rector@nung.edu.ua ORC ID: 0000-0003-2501-4874 Đ&#x17E;. Đ&#x201C;. Đ&#x201D;ĐˇĐľĐąĐ°, Đ´-Ń&#x20AC; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş1 ipo@nung.edu.ua ORC ID: 0000-0001-5172-1965 Đ&#x2019;. Đ&#x2019;. Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐšŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˛, Đ´-Ń&#x20AC; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201E;.2 vladymyr.zaitsev@nuos.edu.ua ORC ID: 0000-0002-3637-9273 Đ&#x2019;Đ°Đť. Đ&#x2019;. Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐšŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˛, Đ´-Ń&#x20AC; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş, Đ´ĐžŃ&#x2020;.2 valery.zaytsev@nuos.edu.ua ORC ID: 0000-0002-8590-5671 Đ?. Đ&#x;. Đ&#x201D;ĐśŃ&#x192;Ń , ĐşĐ°Đ˝Đ´. Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş1 andriy_dzhus@i.ua ORC ID: 0000-0002-0859-0979 Đ?. Đ&#x153;. ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń Đ°Đş, ĐşĐ°Đ˝Đ´. Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş1 susak52@gmail.com ORC ID: 0000-0002-5359-8769

Ivano-Frainkivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Ivano-Frainkivsk Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Nikolaev 1 Đ&#x2DC;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đž-Đ¤Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐžĐ˛Ń ĐşĐ¸Đš Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°, Đł. Đ&#x2DC;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đž-Đ¤Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐžĐ˛Ń Đş 2 Đ?Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐťĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ Đ°Đ´ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐťĐ° Đ&#x153;Đ°ĐşĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°, Đł. Đ?Đ¸ĐşĐžĐťĐ°ĐľĐ˛ 1 2

Abstract. The possibility and expediency of application of the compressed natural gas transportation technology for its transportation to the shore terminals has been considered in the connection to the Black Sea shelf. The aim of research is to analyze the prerequisites and detail the concept of construction of the offshore natural gas output and transportation system and prove the economic expediency of the CNG-technology to transport the gas from the Black Sea offshore deposit to the shore terminals. It is established that the approximate distance of the gas transportation through the offshore zones does not exceed 100...120 km for the majority of the identified deposits. The research results can be applied to design ~Â&#x20AC;

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the self-propelled and non-self-propelled CNG-ships. The obtained results of the analysis of technical and economic conditions of the CNG-technology application for the natural gas transportation from the Black Sea offshore deposits, as well as the obtained results during the preliminary technical and economic justification demonstrate the technical and economic expediency of the practical application of the CNG-technology. Keywords: compressed natural gas, movable pipeline, gas pipeline, barge, well. Đ?Đ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?. Đ Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľŃ ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;Đ° Đ§ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐľĐłĐž Đş ĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ°Đź. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ° Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž ĐžŃ Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ¸Đˇ Đ˝ĐľĐ´Đ°Đ˛Đ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: Ń ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐłĐ°Đˇ, ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´, ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´, ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°, Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Đ°. Đ?Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń?. Đ ĐžĐˇĐłĐťŃ?Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐźĐžĐśĐťĐ¸Đ˛Ń&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x2013; Đ´ĐžŃ&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐˇĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń? Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192; Đ§ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłŃ&#x2013;Ń&#x2014; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń Đ˝ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x192; Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐšĐžĐłĐž Đ´Đž ĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x2013;Đ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x2013;Đ˛. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đž Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x2013;Đ´Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2013; Ń&#x2C6;Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐžŃ Đ˛ĐžŃ&#x201D;Đ˝Đ˝Ń? Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x192; Đˇ Đ˝ĐľĐ´Đ°Đ˛Đ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ´ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Đ˝. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013; Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Đš ĐłĐ°Đˇ, Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐźĐ¸Đš Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013;Đ´, ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013;Đ´, ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°, Ń Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ´ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Đ˝Đ°. References Kryzhanivskyi Ye. I., Zaitsev V. V., Romanovskyi H. F., Karpash O. M., Honcharuk M. I., Zaitsev D. V., Zaitsev Val. V. Sposib transportuvannia stysnutoho pryrodnoho hazu [Method of the compressed natural gas transportation] Patent UA, no. u200804626, 2008. Kryzhanivskyi Ye. I., Zaitsev V. V., Zaitsev Val. V., Zaitsev D. V. Transportnyi CNG-modul [The transport CNG-module] Patent UA, no. u 200903995, 2009. Kryzhanivskyi Ye. I., Zaitsev V. V., Zaitsev Val. V., Zaitsev D. V. Sposib morskoho transportuvannia stysnutoho pryrodnoho hazu v CNG-moduliakh [Method of compressed natural gas sea transportation in the CNG-modules] Patent UA, no. u 200903996, 2009. Paton B. Ye., Kryzhanivskyi Ye. I., Savytskyi M. M., Shvydkyi E. A., Zaitsev V. V., Mandryk O. M. Sposib transportuvannia stysnutoho pryrodnoho hazu rukhomym truboprovodom [Method of compressed natural gas transportation by means of movable pipeline] Patent UA, no. u 201114580, 2012. Paton B. Ye., Kryzhanivskyi Ye. I., Savytskyi M. M., Piatnychko O. I., Zaitsev V. V., Mandryk O. M. Barzhaplit dlia transportuvannia stysnutoho pryrodnoho hazu [The barge-raft for the compressed natural gas transportation] Patent UA, no. u 201113979, 2012. Kryzhanivskyi Ye. I., Dzoba O. H., Dzhus A. P., Mironov Yu. V. Tekhniko-ekonomichni aspekty transportuvannia pryrodnoho hazu iz morskykh rodovyshch [Technical and economic aspects of the natural gas transportation from offshore deposits]. Naukovyi visnyk Ivano-Frankivskoho natsionalnoho tekhnichnoho universytetu nafty i hazu [Scientific Bulletin of the Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas], 2013, no. 2, issue 35, pp. 7 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 15. Hozhyk P. F., Yevdoshchuk M. I., Stavytskyi Ye. A., Hladun V. V., Halko T. M., Polukhtovych B. M., Proskuriakov O. A., Zakharchuk S. M., Verkhovtsev V. H., Klochko V. P., Maksymchuk P. Ya., Dovzhok T. Ye., Fedun O. M., Kolodii E. O., Kolodii I. V., Sedlerova O. V., Koval A. M., Pakholok O. V., Melnychuk P. M., Danylevych V. Ya., Fedyshyn A. I., Tarkovska V. A., Tkachenko A. I., Volkova O. V., Romaniuk V. A., Varkholiak L. A. Naftohazoperspektyvni obiekty Ukrainy. Naukovi i praktychni osnovy poshukiv rodovyshch vuhlevodniv v ukrainskomu sektori Prykerchenskoho shelfu Chornoho moria [Oil and gas prospective targets in Ukraine. Scientific and practical foundations of search of hydrocarbon deposits in the Ukrainian sector of the Prikerchenskiy shelf]. Kyiv, Edelveis Publ., 2011. 440 p.

Đ&#x;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;. Đ&#x17E;Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸ Đ˛Đ˛ĐžĐ´ Đ˛ Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐłĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;Đ° Đ§ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´Đ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐź, ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ¸Đˇ ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐźĐ° Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đş ĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ°Đź. Đ?Đ° Ń ĐľĐłĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ´ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đľ Đ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸ĐşĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐłĐ°Đˇ, Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐłŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń?, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşŃ&#x192; Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, ĐžĐ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš. Đ&#x161;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ´Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đš ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ˛ Ń ĐśĐ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ (Liquefied Natural Gas â&#x20AC;&#x201D; LNG), ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń? ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸

Problem statement. Development of gas production fields of the deepwater shelf of the Black Sea requires solving a number of technical and technological issues, one of which is the problem of natural gas transportation to the shore terminals. Currently considering the dynamics of natural gas cost growth which reaches the level that allows providing commercial development of shelf fields, it becomes especially urgent. Apart from existing traditional technologies of sea gas transportation via underwater pipelines and liquefied natural gas carriers (Liquefied Natural Gas â&#x20AC;&#x201D; LNG), the technology of compressed natural gas sea transportation is potentially prospective (Compressed Natural Gas â&#x20AC;&#x201D; CNG). Â

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The growing interest of scientists to the issues of developing the CNG technology and technical means of its implementation is explained by potential advantages: possibility to load natural gas into the tanks on the board of a CNG ship directly from the shelf field and unload into the gas pipeline or gas network onshore. It significantly decreases capital investment and transportation cost in comparison to developing the system of underwater gas pipelines, especially in the deep water or LNG plants and ships. Thus, the attention should be paid to the development of the CNG technology for commercial production of shelf natural gas fields. Apart from that, the economical aspect of this issue is important because the development of the CNG technology and forming the park of gas carriers on its basis allows optimizing the logistic processes of shelf natural gas transportation, increasing the diversification level of gas supply to specific regional markets. Analysis of latest research and publications. The main system of a CNG ship is a cargo-piping system with the tanks for pressurized gas transportation. The first attempts of practical implementation of this technology were made in the USA in the 1960s. However, high specific metal quantity and the weight of high-pressure gas cylinders (~2 t/m3 of available storage) as well as correlation of natural gas, metal and other resources prices existing at that time did not provide an opportunity to reach the economic efficiency of transportation and, thus, there was no interest in developing and using the CNG technology. Currently we can observe actions in developing the key components of the CNG technology in different states of the world. Within the last 10 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 15 years several famous foreign companies developed concept projects of CNG ships which differ in the structural scheme of the cargo system. In particular, the specialists of the TransCanada Pipeline company offered a variant of a gas carrier with horizontal cylinders made of a gas pipe reinforced with the fiber glass composite material. There are technical solutions of some companies, for example EnerSea Transport and Đ˘ransOcean which offer to locate the cargo cylinders in special airproof cooled modules in order to decrease the mass of these cylinders. There is another interesting solution offered by Sea NG: production of the cargo tank in a form of a long pipe winded in a special coil. It decreases the safety coefficient for the cylinders from 2,5 to 1,7. Such projects are being actively developed in the Russian Federation especially for Arctic transportation. However, these developments do not have practical implementation, though in due time there were expectations about the possibility to build CNG ships in Norway, North Korea and the Russian Federation in 2011â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2012.

Ń ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° (Compressed Natural Gas â&#x20AC;&#x201D; CNG) Đ˝Đ° Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2026;. Đ&#x2019;ĐžĐˇŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đš Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đş Đ˛ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Đ°Đź Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ CNG Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ ĐľĐľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝ ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°ĐźĐ¸, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ˛ ĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° CNG Đ˝ĐľĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Ń Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸ Đ˛ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ. ĐŃ&#x201A;Đž ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐşĐ°ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ Ń ĐľĐąĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛, ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ˝Đ° ĐłĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026;, Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐˇĐ°Đ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐž Ń ĐśĐ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ LNG. Đ&#x;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x192;Ń Đ¸ĐťĐ¸Ń? Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐž Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ CNG, Đ˛ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐź Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˛Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° Đ˛ ĐşĐžĐźĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°. Đ&#x161;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž, Đ˛Đ°ĐśĐľĐ˝ Đ¸ Ń?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš Đ°Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A; Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;, ĐżĐžŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşŃ&#x192; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ CNG Đ¸ Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ° ĐľĐľ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛-ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A; ĐžĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐžĐş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, ĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192; Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń? Đ´Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐžĐş ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ¸. Đ?Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x192;ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐżĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐźĐľ. Đ&#x17E;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐžĐš Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° CNG Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° Ń ĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń?ĐźĐ¸ Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐşĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° ĐżĐžĐ´ Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź. Đ&#x;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐ¸ ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ ĐĄĐ¨Đ? ĐľŃ&#x2030;Đľ Đ˛ 1960-Đľ ĐłĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039;. Đ&#x17E;Đ´Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ°Ń? ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐžĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸ Đ˛ĐľŃ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐ°ĐťĐťĐžĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžĐłĐž Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? (~2 Ń&#x201A;/Đź3 ĐżĐžĐťĐľĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ°), Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ? Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐłĐ°Đˇ, ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐť Đ¸ Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đľ Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐ˛Đ°ĐťĐ¸ Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐžĐş Đ¸, Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž, Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐˇĐ˛Đ°ĐťĐ¸ ĐżĐ°Đ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Đ° Đş Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐľ Đ¸ Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ CNG. Đ&#x2019; Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ? Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐťŃ&#x17D;Đ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐľŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐľ ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ CNG Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°. Đ˘Đ°Đş, Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; 10 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 15 ĐťĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´ Đ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐľĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐżŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ CNG, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ´Đľ Đ˛Ń ĐľĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;. Đ&#x2019; Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x2039; ÂŤĐ˘ransCanada PipelineÂť ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐťĐžĐśĐ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐ° Ń ĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐˇĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐąĐ°ĐťĐťĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸, Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸Đˇ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x2039;, Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşĐťĐžĐ˛ĐžĐťĐžĐşĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐžĐź. Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš, Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC; ÂŤEnerSea TransportÂť Đ¸ ÂŤĐ˘ransOceanÂť, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐťĐ°ĐłĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐ°ĐťĐťĐžĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐ°ĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛ Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐťĐ°ĐśĐ´Đ°ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x2026;. Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ¸ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐżŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐźĐžĐš ÂŤSea NGÂť, Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? 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In comparison to the stipulated developments, to meet the demands on gas transportation via the sea the Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas (IFNTUOG) together with the Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding (NUS) and the Paton Electric Welding Institute (EWI) offered the technology of compressed natural gas transportation on typical container ships due to the development of the cargo system in a form of separate cargo sections so that each of them corresponds to the standard 20- or 40-foot sea container in geometry [1â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3]. Such constructive solution allows avoiding the necessity to build or buy special CNG ships. The main object for investment in this technology is a CNG module on the basis of a sea container. The offered CNG-module with a high-pressured long pipe for compressed natural gas transportation (Fig. 1) consists of a standard 40-foot open-type sea container where there is a high-pressured tank in a form of a special coil on the footing. The coil consists of sequentially connected straight or curved pipe sections. The coil is fixed to the body of the CNG-module securely using special locks. CNG-modules connected with linear fittings into the blocks are placed in the holds or on the deck. A container ship equipped with CNG-modules with the deadweight up to 70 thous. tones can transport 12 mln m3 gas within a voyage. This allows using such container ships for transportation of significant gas volumes (5 bln m3 per year and more). For smaller transportation volumes and during transportation in inner water areas to short distances special barges and barges fleet are recommended to be used. In this case the structure of the CNG-modules is not restricted by the dimensions of a standard container. In par-

Đ´Đž 1,7. Đ&#x;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ? Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ¸ Đ˛ Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸ĐšŃ ĐşĐžĐš Đ¤ĐľĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸, ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐžĐş. Đ&#x17E;Đ´Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐž ĐżĐžĐşĐ° Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ˝Đľ Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž Đ˛ĐžĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?, Ń&#x2026;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń? Đ˛ Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľ Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ? ĐżŃ&#x192;ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐ˝ĐžĐˇŃ&#x2039; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐšĐşĐ¸ CNG-ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ Đ?ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐľĐłĐ¸Đ¸, ĐŽĐśĐ˝ĐžĐš Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐľ Đ¸ Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸ĐšŃ ĐşĐžĐš Đ¤ĐľĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľ Đ˛ 2011 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2012 ĐłĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2026;. Đ&#x2019; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐş, Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˝Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ´ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐşĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ&#x2DC;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ¤Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐžĐ˛Ń ĐşĐ¸Đź Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đź Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° (Đ&#x2DC;Đ¤Đ?Đ˘ĐŁĐ?Đ&#x201C;) Ń ĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đž Ń Đ?Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐťĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ Đ°Đ´ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐťĐ° Đ&#x153;Đ°ĐşĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ° (Đ?ĐŁĐ&#x161;) Đ¸ Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń?ĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ Đ&#x2022;. Đ&#x17E;. Đ&#x;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° (Đ&#x2DC;Đ) ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2026;-ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐšĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń ĐľĐşĐžĐ˛, ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ¸Đˇ ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐž Ń Đ˛ĐžĐ¸Đź ĐłĐľĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đź ĐłĐ°ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đź Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; 20- Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ 40-Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐšĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192; [1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 3]. Đ˘Đ°ĐşĐžĐľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ¸ĐˇĐąĐľĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛-ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐžĐ˛ CNG. Đ&#x17E;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐşĐ°ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? CNG-ĐźĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152; Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐšĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš CNG-ĐźĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152; Ń Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐš Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžĐłĐž Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 1) Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A; Đ¸Đˇ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž 40-Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐšĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ° ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ°, Đ˛ ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐź Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ´Đ°ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžĐłĐž Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐˇĐźĐľĐľĐ˛Đ¸ĐşĐ°, Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Đ¸Đˇ ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐźĐžĐťĐ¸Đ˝ĐľĐšĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐťĐ¸Đ˝ĐľĐšĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đą. 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Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ´ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐžĐąĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľŃ ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ CNG Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ¸Đˇ Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ§ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń? Đş ĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ°Đź. Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ°. 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ticular, a layout scheme for a long pipeline of standard (720 mm) pipes is developed which is reinforced with proper fiber glass armouring [4, 5]. The results of previous research including the ones made by the IFNTUOG and the NUS prove the prospects of transportation of compressed natural gas through sea water areas using container ships and barges. The report on scientific research work â&#x20AC;&#x153;Transportation of natural gas in the compressed form by the Caspian Seaâ&#x20AC;? made by the IFNTUOG in 2012 shows reasonability of using the CNG-technology when forming a logistic gas transportation chain for natural gas transportation from Turkmenistan to Azerbaidjan over the Caspian Sea with its further piping into the TransCaucasus gas pipeline and transportation to Turkey. Along with this the issues of technological integration of specific elements of the CNG technology require deeper studying in terms of the complex system for production and transportation of natural gas from shelf fields as well as the ones devoted to feasibility of these systems. The article aim is the analysis of existing prerequisites and development of the details for the construction concept of the system for production and transportation of natural gas from shelf fields, providing preliminary grounds for economic feasibility and efficiency of the CNG-technology use for gas transportation from shelf fields of the Black Sea to the shore terminals. Primary material statement. A special feature of the oil and gas power engineering at the beginning of the 21st century is gradual depletion of major and giant fields of natural hydrocarbons and complicacy of the conditions of oil and gas production, shifting to the large-scale development of the fields with small resources, increase of the depth of oil and gas production, gradual shift of gas and oil production processes to the zones and shelves difficult to access. This leads to the growth of the first cost of oil and gas production. At the same time these hydrocarbons still play the leading role in the world power engineering, and predictions of the world experts show that within further 30â&#x20AC;&#x201C;50 years the part of oil and gas in the energy balance will comprise about 50 %. At the end of the 1990s â&#x20AC;&#x201C; beginning of the 2000s a number of new hydrocarbon fields were opened on the shelf of the Black Sea [6]. At the same time several structures with high prospects were found especially in the zone near Kerch (Prikerchenkiy area). Among them: Glubokaya, Yuzhno-Kerchenskaya, Abikha, Pallasa, z

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Yakornaya, Moryana, Lychagina, Soyuznaya [7]. The sea depth in the zone near Kerch is 30 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 500 m and more

Kerch Strait

(Fig. 2). One of the deterrents for the rapid growth of gas production in terms of the indicated structures is a partially unsolved problem of natural gas transportation onshore. Thus, a very important task of nearer future is the development of a rational system of sea transportation for maintenance of shelf fields of the Black Sea. This task gets special urgency in terms of the necessity of rapid development and start of produced natural gas transpor-

Kerch Peninsula

Taman Peninsula

Blagodarnaya Mayachnaya Luchitskogo

Kerchenskaya Subbotina

Lychagina Pionerskaya-zapadnaya

Yuzhno-kerchenskaya Abikha Glubokaya

Yakornaya

Soyuznaya

Moryana Kerch

Feodosiyskaya

Zapadno-glubokaya

Kavkazskaya

Dreifovaya

Visokosnaya

Sokolova-Yuzhnaya Pallasa

Fig. 2. General map of the Ukrainian sector of the Prikerchenskiy area of the Black Sea: Đ Đ¸Ń . 2. Đ&#x17E;ĐąĐˇĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐşĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Ń ĐşĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń ĐşĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ° Đ§ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?: 1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; oil and gas fields / ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°; 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; oil and gas prospective structures / Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;: a â&#x20AC;&#x201D; prepared for drilling / ĐżĐžĐ´ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đş ĐąŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D;; Đą â&#x20AC;&#x201D; detected by seismic exploration / ĐžĐąĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐľĐšŃ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐşĐžĐš; Đ˛ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; possible and prospective / ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐ˝ĐžĐˇĐ˝Đž-ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ; 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; exploration well 1 / ĐżĐžĐ¸Ń ĐşĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Đ° 1; 4 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; parametric well 403 / ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Đ° 403; 5 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; isobaths / Đ¸ĐˇĐžĐąĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;; 6 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; tectonic deformations / Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?

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Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đž ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐłĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐ¸Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ°ĐşĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ¸, Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľŃ ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đž Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ CNG. Đ&#x17E;Ń ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź, ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ CNG, Đ˛ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đľ ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐžĐš ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°. ĐĄĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ Đ¸ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź ĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, Đ˛ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x152;, ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ° ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐžĐş ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;, ĐşŃ&#x192;Đ´Đ° ĐžĐ˝ ĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń? Đ˛ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Đ¸. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° CNG, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐźĐ° ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x192; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ´ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ˛ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đľ, Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°Đź ĐżĐžĐ´ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đş ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐľ Đ˛ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ Đ˝Đ° ĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026;. Đ?Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Đ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ˝Đ° ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ°ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ° Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° ĐşĐžĐźĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐşĐ¸ Đ˛ ĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;. Đ?Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľŃ ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛-Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ¸Đˇ Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ°ĐşĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đš Ń Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ Đ°ĐşĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ§ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżĐžŃ&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝ Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A; Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đś ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž-Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ°, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2C6;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń Ń? Đş ĐżĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐąŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° STL (Submerged Turret Loading) Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đş Đ´ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐżĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐľ Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;Đľ. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľŃ ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ´Đ˛Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đś. Đ?Đ° ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐľ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° ĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸, ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;ĐşĐ¸, Ń ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐľĐśŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐžĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°. Đ&#x2018;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝ĐľĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°. ĐĄĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐżĐ¸ ÂŤŃ ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Đ° â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ (Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°Âť ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐ¸ĐąĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśŃ&#x192; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x192;ĐşŃ Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐź ĐżĐž Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐźŃ&#x192; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2C6;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;, Đ° ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸ ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ°Ń? (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 3). Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ CNG Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐžĐąŃ ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐž ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐź Ń ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ˛ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ Đ˝ĐľĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ¸Đˇ Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž CNG Ń Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° STL; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐżĐžĐ´ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐşŃ&#x192; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ´ĐžĐśĐ¸ĐźĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°, ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Đ¸Đˇ Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝, Đ´Đž Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? 20,0â&#x20AC;Ś25,0 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ°; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ˛ Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐ´ Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ´Đž 25,0 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ° Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Đş ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192; Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x192; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸ Đ˛ ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đľ Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° STL Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐžĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°.

tation from recently drilled wells. Using sea transport on the CNG-technology basis is reasonable in terms of absence of industrial pipelines which is explained by significant remoteness or water area depth. Special features of the systems which provide implementation of the CNG technology are considerably defined by the specific character of some projects of gas transportation by sea. The composition and parameters of the system elements will depend, first of all, on the parameters of the gas supply source and the gas transportation system where it will be unloaded further. For a CNG ship aimed at gas reception from shelf fields it is necessary to provide a system for complex gas treatment in the composition similar to the systems of gas treatment for uploading into the gas pipeline on the shore fields. There should be a gas compression system on a ship for providing piping into the tanks onboard. The analysis of feasibility of using different carriers for gas transportation from shelf fields of inner water areas proves that in the Black Sea it is desirable to use the variant of special barges of production-transportation types which are moored to a submerged entrance buoy of the STL-type (Submerged Turret Loading) or to a production platform on the shelf. It is reasonable to use two types of barges. The technological industrial equipment for produced gas purification, dehydration, compression and intermediate storage is assembled on a barge of the first type. Barges of the second type are used directly for compressed gas transportation. The combination of separate objects of the technological chain â&#x20AC;&#x153;drill â&#x20AC;&#x201C; technological industrial equipment (technological barge) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; transport bargeâ&#x20AC;? is provided by means of using special flexible pipelines. The loaded transport barge is transported by a tug along the proper route, and the place for uploading is taken by the next one (Fig. 3). When designing the main systems of CNG ships for maintaining sea fields it is necessary to provide execution of the following tasks: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; acceptance of compressed gas in the sea directly from the well onto a CNG ship using the underwater loading complex of the STL-type; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; complex natural gas treatment; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; aftercompressing of gas which is supplied from the wells up to the pressure of 20,0â&#x20AC;Ś25,0 MPa; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; gas storage in special tanks under the pressure of up to 25,0 MPa during ship motion to the destination; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; gas supply for unloading in the destination using the underwater unloading complex of the STL-type and complete unloading of ship tanks. When implementing the CNG transport technology special attention should be paid to the processes of gas |

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Technological ship or barge up to 25 MPa

Transport ship or barge up to 25 MPa

Shipment terminal

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Fig. 3. Technological chain of sea gas transportation on the CNG-technology basis: Đ Đ¸Ń . 3. Đ˘ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐżŃ&#x152; ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ CNG: technological ship or barge up to 25 MPa â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐ° Đ´Đž 25 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ°; uploading â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ°; unloading â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ°; transport ship or barge up to 25 MPa â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐ° Đ´Đž 25 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ°; shipment terminal â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ°Đť

treatment, compression, intermediate storage and load-

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ing into the cargo systems of the transport. In order to increase the mobility of some elements as well as of the transport system in general the authors offer to use the ships (barges) of two types as it was stated before. A technological ship (barge) is constantly in the zone of a shelf field (a well or a well group) and provides gas purification and drying, gas condensate, LPG and other hydrocarbon products emission, gas compression, intermediate storage of hydrocarbon products. Such vessels allow solving a number of problematic issues of the CNG technology. First of all they provide continuous performance of the wells and qualitative treatment of their products. Intermediate cargo systems of technological ships (barges) allow reaching agreed operation of board compressor units with possible discharges of connected wells. This task is partially solved due to equipping of compressor stations as a part of a ship with compressors of various production with the drive from gas and electric engines. More high-power compressors with the drive from a gas internal combustion engine shall operate to decrease the expenditures on gas compression. Possible mismatches in production shall be adjusted due to activation of the compressor of lower power with the drive form an electric engine which meets the conditions of frequent repetitive activation in a better way. The precondition is }

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using compressors which include the node for their pro-

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ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐľ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐź Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ° Ń Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐťĐ¸/Đ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐź ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°. Đ&#x2019; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń ĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ ĐşĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž ĐşĐžĐźĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐş, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°, Đ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Đź Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?, Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐ´ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝ Đ¸ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˛ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°, ĐżĐžĐ´ĐťĐľĐśĐ°Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐľ. Đ?Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Đľ Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝ Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A; Đ˝Đ° ĐşĐžĐźĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐľ ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐşĐžĐźĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸. Đ&#x;ĐžĐ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đž, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżŃ&#x2039; Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐźĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ ĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đ° ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸ Đ˛ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐžĐź Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸.

duction regulation in a certain range. In general the loading process is performed according to three schemes when using the ships and barges of the technological and transport type. The most complicated variant is loading of a transport ship from the supplying source (a well or a well group) and the cargo system of a technological ship simultaneously (Fig. 4). At the same time the process has the following stages: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; uploading of a transport ship due to the pressure of the gas from the supplying source; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; uploading of a transport ship due to the pressure of the gas from the cargo system of a technological ship; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; uploading of a transport ship with the gas of the cargo system of a technological ship using compressors; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; uploading of a transport ship with the gas from the supplying source using compressors. In any circumstances the compressors are used when loading the ship with the gas from the supplying source or gas of the cargo system of a technological ship. In some cases there is need of simultaneous execution of these processes. The parameters and the amount of compressor units which are supplied to the technological ships shall meet the conditions of field development, consider special features of wells products treatment and the opportunity to change the volumes of gas to be transported. High pressure in the wellhead provides decrease of expenditures for gas compression and allows using not as powerful compressors. It is obvious that the types and production of the compressors shall be defined by the parameters of the loading process in general and separate elements in particular.

Process vessel or barge

A source of gas (one or several wells)

Gas conditioning system

Compressor station

Transport vessel or barge Cargo vessel system technology

Cargo system transport vessel

Fig. 4. Scheme of implementation of the transport ship loading process: Đ Đ¸Ń . 4. ĐĄŃ&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đ° ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°: a source of gas (one or several wells) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Đ¸Đş ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° (ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝); gas conditioning system â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° ĐżĐžĐ´ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°; compressor station â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐşĐžĐźĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?; cargo vessel system technology â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°; cargo system transport vessel â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°; process vessel or barge â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°; transport vessel or barge â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đž Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°

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Therefore, for each project of natural gas transpor-

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ĐĄ Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐžĐš Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2039;, Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźŃ&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152; Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ (ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đś), ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?Đť ĐąŃ&#x2039; Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026;. ĐĄ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń ĐľĐłĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐżĐž Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ CNG Đ¸ Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐľĐšŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐłĐž Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ ĐąĐ°Ń Ń ĐľĐšĐ˝Đľ Đ§ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń? Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Đź Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐź, ĐżĐž ĐźĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝ĐľŃ Đ°ĐźĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐ° (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 5) Ń Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˝Đ° Đ˝ĐľĐš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐžĐš. Đ&#x;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đś ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ´Đž ĐżĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐśŃ&#x152;Ń? Đ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ˝Đž ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń? Ń ĐżĐžĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; ĐąŃ&#x192;ĐşŃ Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐźĐ°ĐşŃ Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐąŃ&#x192;ĐşŃ Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A; 10 Ń&#x192;Đˇ (18,5 ĐşĐź/Ń&#x2021;). ĐĄ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ CNG Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐžŃ Ń? ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐ° Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đľ Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x152; Đ´Đ˛Đ° Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đś ĐżĐžĐ´ Đ˝Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ´Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đś Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°. ĐŁŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x152; Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝ Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ´Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐľĐšŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ CNG. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đś Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝ Đ¸Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń? Đ¸Đˇ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; (ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐżŃ&#x2039; Ń ĐşĐ˛Đ°ĐśĐ¸Đ˝) 300 Đ¸ 600 Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Ń . Đź3. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; (Đ˝Đ° ĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x192; Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039;) ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸Đš ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 0,431 Đź3; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸ Đ˛ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đľ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 157,1 ĐşĐł/Đź;

tation over the sea using CNG ships it is necessary to perform the optimization search in order to equip technological ships with the equipment which meets the requirements of the specific project to the maximum extent and provides high economic feasibility. On the other hand, it is necessary to provide the required level of unification of technological and transport ships (barges) which could allow using them at various fields. Considering current technical opportunities of Ukrainian enterprises and organizations for the CNG shipbuilding and their further use in the Black Sea the authors see a nonself-propelled barge (Fig. 5) with the cargo system as the most prospective sea transport. Motion of barges from a well to the shore shall be performed using tugs. The approximate maximum velocity of tugging is 10 knots (18,5 km per hr). In order to bring forward the practical implementation of the CNG technology and to efficiently use the available ships two variants were considered in the process of the analysis: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; reequipping of existing barges for the needs of compressed natural gas transportation; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; design and building of new barges for compressed natural gas transportation. Capacity of wells and well pads were also taken into account as well as the opportunities of further development of the CNG ships fleet. The preliminary selection and calculation of the parameters of transport barges is performed considering the day well (well group) production 300 and 600 thous. m3. At the same time relative parameters (per length unit) of the cargo system in a form of a long pipeline shall take the following values: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; inner volume â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 0,431 m3; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; steel mass in the long pipeline â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 157,1 kg/m;

Fig. 5. Sea transport vehicle for CNG technology implementation Đ Đ¸Ń . 5. Đ&#x153;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐľ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ CNG

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â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşĐťĐžĐżĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ° Đ˛ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đľ â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 36,5 ĐşĐł/Đź; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đ° ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ˛ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đľ (ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐź Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ 20 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ°) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 72,2 ĐşĐł/Đź; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đ° Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° Ń ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐź (ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐź Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ 20 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ°) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 265,87 ĐşĐł/Đź; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; (Ń .Ń&#x192;.) Đ˛ 1 Đź Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° Ń ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐź (ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐź Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ 20 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ°) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 107,8 Đź3. Đ?Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐťĐ°ĐłĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐ¸ (Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 1). Đ&#x2DC;Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń? Đ¸Đˇ ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐąĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đś, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐž ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐşĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ˛ Ń ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸, ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸:

â&#x20AC;&#x201C; fiberglass mass in the long pipeline â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 36,5 kg/m; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; gas mass in the long pipeline (under working pressure 20 MPa) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 72,2 kg/m; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; long pipeline mass with gas (under working pressure 20 MPa) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 265,87 kg/m; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; gas volume under standard conditions (s.c.) in 1 m of the long pipeline with gas (under working pressure 20 MPa) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 107,8 m3. On the basis of relative parameters of the long pipeline a table is offered for barge selection (Table 1). According to the results obtained the basic parameters of the barges which shall be equipped with cargo systems for compressed gas transportation can be the following: Variant 1 length â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 70 m; width â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 9 m; board height â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 3,5 m; freight-carrying capacity â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 900 t

Đ&#x2019;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A; 1 Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ° â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 70 Đź; Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 9 Đź; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ° â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 3,5 Đź; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 900 Ń&#x201A;

Variant 2 length â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 75 m; width â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 15 m; board height â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 4,0 m; freight-carrying capacity â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2000 t

Đ&#x2019;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A; 2 Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ° â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 75 Đź; Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 15 Đź; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ° â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 4,0 Đź; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2000 Ń&#x201A;

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Efficiency of transportation on the basis of the CNG technology significantly depends on the gas delivery points on the shore, the levels of infrastructure, distribution and delivery networks development. The opportunities of the Crimean gas network were studied via these points. Currently there is quite a developed system of the main gas pipelines in the territory of the peninsula. The system scheme is shown in Fig. 6, and the main parameters of some gas pipelines and zones are represented in Table 2. The analysis of the existing gas transport system of the Crimea, the flow capacity and the loading level of some gas pipelines and zones allows making the conclusion on potential possibility of transportation of additional gas volume via this system. Moreover, the Glebovskoye underground gas storage facility allows controlling the transportation volume and making strategic gas reserves. During the study it was found out that the areas near Feodosiya and Tarkhankut (Ocheretay bay) are potential places for constructing receiving terminals for CNG ships unloading.

Table 1. Characteristics of long pipelines (under working pressure 20 MPa) Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 1. ĐĽĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ (ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐź Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ 20 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x;Đ°) Freight-carrying capacity, t Đ&#x201C;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°, Ń&#x201A; 750 1000 1500

Length of long pipeline Lpl, m Đ&#x201D;ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ° Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° LŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;, Đź 2820 3760 5640

Gas mass, t Đ&#x153;Đ°Ń Ń Đ° ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°, Ń&#x201A;

Inner volume W, m3 Đ&#x2019;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸Đš ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź W, Đź3

203,7 271,6 407,4

1216 1620 2430

Â&#x20AC;

Gas volume under s. c. V, m3 Đ&#x17E;ĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń .Ń&#x192;. V, Đź3 304180 405600 608360

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\ Table 2. Characteristics of gas pipelines and gas pipeline branches of PJSC â&#x20AC;&#x153;Chernomorneftegasâ&#x20AC;? Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 2. ĐĽĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ° ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛-ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ&#x;Đ?Đ&#x17E; ÂŤĐ§ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐłĐ°ĐˇÂť Main gas pipeline name Đ?Đ°Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐ°ĐłĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ°

Length, km Đ&#x201D;ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ°, ĐşĐź

Gas pipeline diameter and wall thickness, mm Đ&#x201D;Đ¸Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸, ĐźĐź

Gas pipeline Glebovka â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Simferopol / Đ&#x201C;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ Đ&#x201C;ĐťĐľĐąĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ° â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐĄĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x201E;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152; including / Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľ: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; transition over Donuzlav island (2nd thread â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 0,65 km) / ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇ Đž. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐ˝Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐ°Đ˛ (2-Ń? Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ° â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 0,65 ĐşĐź) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; looping in the area 17,4 km â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 59,0 km / ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐżĐ¸Đ˝Đł Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐľ 17,4 ĐşĐź â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 59,0 ĐşĐź

101,8

529Ă&#x2014;8

0,65

529Ă&#x2014;8

41,6

529Ă&#x2014;8

Gas pipeline Simferopol â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Sevastopol / Đ&#x201C;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ ĐĄĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x201E;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐĄĐľĐ˛Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;

56,6

530Ă&#x2014;7,5

Gas pipeline Dzhankoy â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Simferopol / Đ&#x201C;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐ°Đ˝ĐşĐžĐš â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐĄĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x201E;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;

92,1

529Ă&#x2014;7

Gas pipeline Crimea border â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Dzhankoy / Đ&#x201C;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° Đ&#x161;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ° â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐ°Đ˝ĐşĐžĐš

72,6

720Ă&#x2014;10

Gas pipeline Krasnoperekopsk â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Glebovskoye UGSF Đ&#x201C;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ Đ&#x161;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Đ˝ĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐżŃ Đş â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ&#x201C;ĐťĐľĐąĐžĐ˛Ń ĐşĐžĐľ Đ&#x;ĐĽĐ&#x201C;

97,0

1020Ă&#x2014;10

Interindustrial collector Strelkovoye â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Dzhankoy Đ&#x153;ĐľĐśĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐşĐžĐťĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐĄŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐťĐşĐžĐ˛ĐžĐľ â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐ°Đ˝ĐşĐžĐš

58,2

325Ă&#x2014;8

155,379

Gas pipeline Golitsyno â&#x20AC;&#x201C; shore / Đ&#x201C;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ Đ&#x201C;ĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝Đž â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐł Gas pipeline Golitsyno â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Ocheretay bay (2nd thread) Đ&#x201C;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ Đ&#x201C;ĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝Đž â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đą. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đš (Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń? Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ°)

62,7

426Ă&#x2014;16

Gas pipeline Ocheretay bay â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Glebovka / Đ&#x201C;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ Đą. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đš â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ&#x201C;ĐťĐľĐąĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ°

43,2

530Ă&#x2014;8

Gas pipeline Arkhangelskoye â&#x20AC;&#x201C; shore / Đ&#x201C;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ Đ?Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝ĐłĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń ĐşĐžĐľ â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐł

53,95

426Ă&#x2014;16

121,9

530Ă&#x2014;8

Sevastopol (2nd thread) / ĐĄĐľĐ˛Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152; (Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń? Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ°)

53,5

426Ă&#x2014;16

Razdolnoye Glebovskoye UGSF

Dzhankoi

Chernomorkoye

Lenino

Tarkhankut foreland

Kerch

Yevpatoriya Feodosiya

Saki Simferopol

Sevastopol

Bakhchisarai

Alushta Yalta

Fig. 6. Process flow scheme of the main gas pipelines of the Crimea Đ Đ¸Ń . 6. Đ˘ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐ° ĐźĐ°ĐłĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ?Đ Đ&#x161;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đź

Â&#x20AC;Â

Sudak

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\

Table 3. Results of feasibility study on the project of using the CNG technology for natural gas transportation from shelf fields of the Black Sea to the terminals near Feodosiya and Tarkhankut Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 3. Đ ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐž-Ń?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐžĐąĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ CNG Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ¸Đˇ Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ§ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń? Đş Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ°Đź, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐšĐžĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ¤ĐľĐžĐ´ĐžŃ Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸ ĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń Đ° Đ˘Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;

â&#x201E;&#x2013;

Daily cargo turnover, thous. m3/day ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;, Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Ń . Đź3/Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;.

Parameters / Đ&#x;ĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐ¸

Annual cargo turnover, mln m3/year Đ&#x201C;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;, ĐźĐťĐ˝ Đź3/ĐłĐžĐ´

Barges parameters, m: / Đ&#x;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đś, Đź: length / Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ° width / Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° board height / Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°

Required number of ships for cargo turnover handling: Đ?ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐžĐľ ĐşĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐžĐąŃ ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ°: barges / ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đś tugs / ĐąŃ&#x192;ĐşŃ Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛

Investment, mln USD / Đ&#x161;Đ°ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?, ĐźĐťĐ˝ Đ´ĐžĐť. ĐĄĐ¨Đ? Total / Đ&#x2019;Ń ĐľĐłĐž Including: / Đ&#x2019; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľ: barges with cargo systems and tugs / ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐśĐ¸ Ń ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸ ĐąŃ&#x192;ĐşŃ Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; freight-handling terminals / ĐżĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Đž-Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x2039;

300

600

109,5

219,0

70 9 3

75 15 4

3 1

17,8

29,6

14,3 3,5

25,3 4,3

Maintenance expenses, mln USD/year / ĐĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039;, ĐźĐťĐ˝ Đ´ĐžĐť./ĐłĐžĐ´

2,875

5,15

Transportation first cost, USD/1000 m Ă&#x2014; 100 km ĐĄĐľĐąĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸, Đ´ĐžĐť./1000 Đź3 Ă&#x2014; 100 ĐşĐź

26,25

23,52

Transportation rate, USD/1000 m3 Ă&#x2014; 100 km for the first six years Đ˘Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;, Đ´ĐžĐť./1000 Đź3 Ă&#x2014; 100 ĐşĐź Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x2C6;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐťĐľŃ&#x201A;

60,4

54,1

Transportation rate, USD/1000 m3 Ă&#x2014; 100 km for further years Đ˘Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;, Đ´ĐžĐť./1000 Đź3 Ă&#x2014; 100 ĐşĐź Đ˝Đ° Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐłĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039;

31,5

28,2

When holding the preliminary feasibility study (FS) of the reasonability of sea gas transportation on the basis of the CNG technology the variants of small cargo flows were considered, that is 110 and 220 mln m3 per year which corresponds to the day volumes of 300 and 600 thous. m3 . The average transportation distance is 100 km. The FS results are shown in Table 3. According to the analysis of existing and prospective places for shelf gas production and potential points of connecting to the gas transport system of the Crimea the approximate distance of gas transportation over water areas for the majority of the detected fields is not more than 100â&#x20AC;Ś120 km. CONCLUSION. 1. The results of the technical and economic conditions analysis of using the CNG technology for natural gas transportation from shelf fields of the Black Sea as well as the results obtained due to the preliminary FS prove technical and economic feasibility of using this technology in practice. 2. For technical implementation of the projects on natural gas transportation using the CNG technology it is necessary to hold a number of studies of technological processes executed at different stages. It is also required to perform the optimization search in order to provide the equipment for the ships so that this equipment shall provide their high economic efficiency.

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Список литературы [1]

Пат. 33882 Україна, МПК (2006) F17C 5/00. Спосіб транспортування стиснутого природного газу [Текст] / Крижанівський Є. І., Зайцев В. В., Романовський Г. Ф. [та ін.]. — № u200804626 ; заявл. 10.04.08 ; опубл. 10.07.08 // Промислова власність. — 2008. — Бюл. № 13.

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Пат. 42694 Україна, МПК(2009) B67D 5/00 F17C 1/00. Спосіб морського транспортування стиснутого природного газу в CNG-модулях [Текст] / Крижанівський Є. І., Зайцев В. В., Зайцев Вал. В., Зайцев Д. В. ; Івано-Франків. нац. техн. ун-т нафти і газу. — № u200903996 ; заявл. 23.04.09 ; опубл. 10.07.09 // Промислова власність. — 2009. — Бюл. № 13.

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Крижанівський, Є. І. Техніко-економічні аспекти транспортування природного газу із морських родовищ [Текст] / Є. І. Крижанівський, О. Г. Дзьоба, А. П. Джус, Ю. В. Міронов // Науковий вісник Івано-Франків. нац. техн. ун-ту нафти і газу. — 2013. — № 2(2) 35. — С. 7 – 15.

[7]

Нафтогазоперспективні об'єкти України. Наукові і практичні основи пошуків родовищ вуглеводнів в українському секторі Прикерченського шельфу Чорного моря [Текст] : монографія / П. Ф. Гожик, М. І. Євдощук, Е. А. Ставицький ___________________________________________ [та ін.]. — К. : Едельвейс, 2011. — 440 с. © Е. И. Крыжановский, О. Г. Дзеба, В. В. Зайцев и др. Статью рекомендует в печать д-р техн. наук, проф. Ю. Н. Коробанов e6M?ED6BSDR@ JD?8;GH?I;I AEG67B;HIGE;D?V ?C;D? 6:C?G6B6 d6A6GE86 e

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Abstract. The aim of the article is the familiarization with the developed innovative technologies in the construction of reinforced-concrete floating structures on the example of composite floating docks (reinforced-concrete pontoon, steel towers). The advantages of composite floating structures compared with all-metal ones and the results of reinforced-concrete elements optimization which provided the minimum usage of steel have been given. The new materials for floating reinforced-concrete structures are developed. This structures are based on the modified concrete which provides their long time performance and exploitation duration in the sea water. Such structures can perform up to 70â&#x20AC;&#x201C;80 years that is more than steel ones in 1.5â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2 times. The construction technology of composite floating docks which have almost unlimited lifting force and sizes from separated large parts with further caissonless jointing of reinforced-concrete pontoon on length and width afloat without submerged-technical works is developed. This technology can be used both at the building yard and at the place of its exploitation and the technology does not have any analogues in the worldwide practice of dock construction. The research results can be used for design and construction of any floating structures exploited in the sea water. Keywords: floating dock, steel-concrete pontoon, technology of pontoon merging, competitive docks, the range of docks. Đ?Đ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x2039; Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸Đˇ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ˝ĐžĐłĐ°ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đź ĐąĐľŃ ĐşĐľŃ Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192; ĐąĐľĐˇ ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đž-Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đš Đ´ĐžĐş, ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝, Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ°, ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ´ĐžĐşĐ¸, ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´ Đ´ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛. Đ?Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń?. Đ?Đ°Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x192; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłŃ&#x2013;Ń&#x17D; ĐżĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ¸ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐžĐşŃ&#x2013;Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Đž Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąĐźĐľĐśĐľĐ˝ĐžŃ&#x2014; ĐżŃ&#x2013;Đ´ĐšĐžĐźĐ˝ĐžŃ&#x2014; Ń Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇĐźŃ&#x2013;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2013;Đ˛ Đˇ ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸ĐşĐžĐłĐ°ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˝ Đˇ ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đź ĐąĐľĐˇĐşĐľŃ ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸Đź ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x192;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń?Đź ĐˇĐ°ĐťŃ&#x2013;ĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192; ĐąĐľĐˇ ĐżŃ&#x2013;Đ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đž-Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐąŃ&#x2013;Ń&#x201A;. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013; Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đš Đ´ĐžĐş, ĐˇĐ°ĐťŃ&#x2013;ĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝, Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłŃ&#x2013;Ń? ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x192;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń? ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ°, ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2013; Đ´ĐžĐşĐ¸, ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đ¸Đš Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´ Đ´ĐžĐşŃ&#x2013;Đ˛. References Borchevskiy O. A., Finkel G. N. Tendentsii razvitiya sudopodemnykh sooruzheniy [Tendencies of Shiplift Structures Development]. Proektirovanie i ekspluatatsiya sudopodemnykh Â&#x20AC;z

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sooruzheniy â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Design and operation of the ship salvaging constructions, Leningrad, Sudostroyeniye Publ., 1977, issue. 87, pp. 8â&#x20AC;&#x201C;13. Goftarsh P. S. Tekhnologicheskie trebovaniya k plavuchim dokam [Technology Requirements to Floating Docks]. Leningrad, Sudostroyeniye Publ., 1979. 126 p. Nikolayev B. V. Sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya nekotorykh tipov sudopodemnykh sooruzheniy [Status and Prospects of Development of Some Types of Shiplift Structures]. Proyekirovaniye i ekspluatatsiya sudopodyemnykh sooruzheniy â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Design and operation of the ship salvaging constructions, Leningrad, Sudostroyeniye Publ., 1987, issue. 87, pp. 14â&#x20AC;&#x201C;16. Slutskiy M. G., Maloman V. F. Sposib stykuvannia pidvodnykh chastyn zalizobetonnoi plavuchoi sporudy [Method of joining of underwater parts of reinforced-concrete floating structure] Patent UA, no 7809, 2005. Lovyagin M. A., Korsakov V. M., Kaganyer Ya. B. et al. Plavuchiye metalichiskiye doki [Floating metal docks]. Leningrad, Sudostroyeniye Publ., 1964. 336 p. Rashkovskiy A. S., Slutskiy N. G., Konnov V. N. et al. Poyektirovaniye, tekhnologiya i organizatsiya stroityelstva kompozitnykh plavuchikh dokov [Design, technology and organization of composite floating docks construction]. Nikolaev, RAL-poligrafiya Publ., 2008. 614 p. Slutskiy N. G. Sostoyanie i perspektivy stroitelstva kompozitnykh plavuchikh sooruzheni [Status and Prospects of Construction of Composite Floating Structures]. Bezopasnost moreplavaniya i ee obespechenie pri proektirovanii i postroyke sudov: materialy mezhdunar. nauch.-tekhn. konf. [Marine Navigation Safety and its Support under Ships Design and Construction: Proceedings of international scientific and technical conference]. Nikolaev, NUK Publ., 2004, pp. 85â&#x20AC;&#x201C;87. Slutskiy N. G., Maloman V. F., Rashkovskiy A. S. Stroitelstvo zhelezobetonnykh plavuchikh sooruzheniy v Ukraine [Construction of reinforced-concrete floating structures in ukraine]. Rybnoye khozyaistvo Ukrainy. Spets. vyp. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Morskiye tekhnologii: problemy i resheniya â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2004â&#x20AC;? â&#x20AC;&#x201D; [Ukrainian fish industry. Special issue "Offshore technology: problems and solutions â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2004"]. Kerch, KGMTI Publ., 2004, no 7, pp. 11â&#x20AC;&#x201C;14. Slutskiy N. G. Novye napravleniya v proektirovanii i tekhnologii stroitelstva kompozitnykh plavuchikh dokov bolshoy podemnoy sily [New Trends in construction design and technology of composite floating docks of large lift capacity]. Aktualnye problemy proektirovaniya i ekspluatatsii sudov. Mater. nauch. simpoziuma. T. 1. Transport [Urgent problems of ship design and exploitation. Proceedings of scientific symposium. Vol. 1. Transport]. Odessa, Chernomorye Publ., 2008, pp. 18â&#x20AC;&#x201C;23. Slutskiy N. G., Rashkovskiy A. S. Opyt stroitelstva kompozitnykh plavuchikh dokov bolshoy podemnoy sily na KhGZ â&#x20AC;&#x153;Palladaâ&#x20AC;? [Construction Experience of Composite Floating Docks of Large Lift Capacity at KSP â&#x20AC;&#x153;Palladaâ&#x20AC;?]. Rybne hospodarstvo Ukrainy â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ukrainian fish industry, Kerch, KGMTI Publ., 2007, no 3â&#x20AC;&#x201C;4, pp. 44â&#x20AC;&#x201C;46. Slutskiy N. G., Rashkovskiy A. S., Yermakov D. V. Ekonomicheskaya effektivnost stroitelstva i ekspluatatsii kompozitnykh plavuchikh dokov bolshoy podemnoy sily [Economic efficiency of construction and exploitation of composite floating docks of large lift capacity]. Ekonomika: problemy teorii ta praktyky: Zbirnyk naukovykh prats [Economy: Issues of Theory and Practice: Coll. sciences. works], Dnipropetrovsk, DNU Publ., 2007, issue 232, vol. 3, pp. 614â&#x20AC;&#x201C;621. Slutskiy N. G., Konnov V. N., Rashkovskiy A. S. Modulnoe formirovanie kompozitnykh plavuchikh dokov bolshikh gabaritnykh razmerov [Modular formation of composite floating docks of large dimensions]. Perspektywiczne opracowania nauki i techniki: ĐźateriaĹ&#x201A;y II ĐźiÄ&#x2122;dzynarodowej naukowi-praktycznej konferencji. T. 10. Techniczne nauki [Of Projective formation of science and technology. Materials of II International Scientific and Practical Conference. Tome 10. Engineering sciences]. PrzemyĹ&#x203A;l, Nauka i studia Publ., 2007, pp. 31â&#x20AC;&#x201C;34. Slutskiy N. G. Razrabotka tekhnologii stroitelstva kompozitnykh plavuchikh dokov bolshoy podemnoy sily [Development of Construction Technology of Composite Floating Docks of Large Lift Capacity], Zbirnyk naukovykh prats NUK [Collection of Scientific Publications of NUS], Nikolaev, NUS Publ., 2007, no. 3(414), pp. 3â&#x20AC;&#x201C;10. Slutskiy N. G. Srashchivanie na plavu chastey zhelezobetonnogo pontona kompozitnogo plavuchego doka bolshoy podemnoy sil [Binding Afloat of Parts of Reinforced-concrete Pontoon of Composite Floating Dock of Large Lift Capacity]. Sovryemyennye napravlyeniya teoreticheskikh i prikladnykh issledovaniy: Sbornik naychnykh trudov Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii. T. 1. Transport [Modern trends of theoretical and applied studies: collection of scientific papers International Scientific and Practical Conference. Vol. 1. Transport]. Odessa, 2007, pp. 18â&#x20AC;&#x201C;22. Tankhelson G. V. Zhelezobetonnye plavuchiye doki [Reinforced-concrete floating docks]. Leningrad, Sudpromgiz Publ., 1960. 316 p. Problem statement. In global shipbuilding there is an accelerating process of the ever-larger cargo ships building, first of all, tankers, container ships, vessels for bulk cargo transportation (including 75...150 thous. t deadweight). For the underwater parts and propellerrudder system maintenance of such vessels, as well

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Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Đ˛ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đľ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, Ń ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đľ Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° ĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐˇĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ -ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ´ĐžĐşĐ¸, Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Đ¸Đˇ ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Đ´Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝ Đ¸ Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x192; ĐžŃ&#x201A; 300â&#x20AC;Ś400 Ń&#x201A; Đ´Đž Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐľŃ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Ń Ń?Ń&#x2021; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ [1â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3]. Đ&#x;ĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐžĐşĐ¸ ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Đ¸Đˇ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸ Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ°, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝ ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš, ĐąĐ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ [5, 7, 15]. Đ?Đ° ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń ĐşĐžĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đľ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐžĐşĐ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž Đ´Đ˛Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐĽĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐžĐ˝Ń ĐşĐ¸Đš ĐłĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐˇĐ°Đ˛ĐžĐ´ (ĐĽĐ&#x201C;Đ&#x2014;) ÂŤĐ&#x;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ°Đ´Đ°Âť (ĐŁĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Đ°) Đ¸ Đ&#x201C;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x2020;ĐşĐ¸Đš Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐˇĐ°Đ˛ĐžĐ´ (Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸ĐšŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? Đ¤ĐľĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?). Đ&#x2019; ĐĄĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń ĐşĐžĐź ĐĄĐžŃ&#x17D;ĐˇĐľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ´ĐžĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸ĐťĐžĐš Đ˛ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐź ĐžŃ&#x201A; 4000 Đ´Đž 8500 Ń&#x201A;, Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ¸ Ń ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐťĐľĐš Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192; [8]. Đ?Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x192;ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš. Đ Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đž Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°ĐźĐ¸ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ [6, 9, 10]: Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐšĐşŃ&#x192; ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ´ĐžĐşĐ° Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ 1,5â&#x20AC;Ś3,0 Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ° ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ°, Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐź Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž, ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ¸ ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸ Đ˛ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026;. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐľ Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐ°Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152; ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201E;Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ°; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đ° Ń ĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ´ĐžĐşĐ° Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ 6â&#x20AC;Ś10 Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đˇ. ĐĄŃ&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝ Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐ´ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´ĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇĐ¸Đ¸ Đ˛ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐš Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đľ, ĐşĐ°Đş Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;, Đ¸ Đ˝Đľ Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń Đ˛ĐžĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Đ˛ĐžĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°; ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ´Đž 70â&#x20AC;Ś80 ĐťĐľŃ&#x201A;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ 1,5â&#x20AC;Ś2,0 Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ° ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ, Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐź Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ, Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; Đ°ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš; Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° 15â&#x20AC;Ś20 % Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐľ, Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐź Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026;, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐ°ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°. 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Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐłĐľĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ°ĐźĐ¸, Ń ĐşĐťĐ°Đ´Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2030;Đ°, ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ Ń?ĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸, Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201E;Đ°, ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐąŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đź, ĐąĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039; Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐľĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x2026;, ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐżĐťŃ?ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐžĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? 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as transport facilities, trigger and transfer means for the construction or repair of vessels in horizontal building places, the floating -shaped docks are used consisting of one or more pontoons and two towers and having the buoyant power from 300â&#x20AC;Ś400 t up to several tens of thousands tons [1â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3]. Floating docks can be constructed entirely of steel or steel-concrete, and may also be composite â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the steel-concrete pontoon and the steel towers [5, 7, 15]. In the former Soviet Union composite steel-concrete floating docks are built only by two shipyards â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Kherson State Plant â&#x20AC;&#x153;Palladaâ&#x20AC;? (Ukraine) and the Gorodets Shipbuilding Yard (the Russian Federation). In the Soviet Union docks were constructed with the buoyant power mainly from 4,000 to 8,500 t for repair and boats and ship launch [8]. Latest research and publications analysis. Development of steel-concrete shipbuilding is due to the following advantages of composite floating structures compared to the all-steel ones [6, 9, 10]: to build a steel-concrete hull 1.5â&#x20AC;Ś3 times less metal is required than for the same steel one by means of the use of concrete and more rational distribution of steel in the structures. The steel-concrete hulls require less expensive steel in comparison to the foliated and profile iron for the metal hull; the expenses for the dock hull maintenance will decrease by 6â&#x20AC;Ś10 times. Shipbuilding steel-concrete is not destroyed by corrosion in seawater with time as steel and does not reduce its strength properties; the service life of steel-concrete floating structures in normal use can be up to 70â&#x20AC;Ś80 years which is 1.5â&#x20AC;Ś2 times more than steel ones and which significantly reduces the annual depreciation amount; the construction cost of composite docks is 15â&#x20AC;Ś20 % less than similar all-steel ones with lower capital investment for manufacturing organization. Over the last years the special focus on the world market is the composite floating docks with the high buoyant power, and also the new types of the floating steel-concrete structures: accommodation building on the water, hotels, restaurants, casinos, swimming pools, parking lots, berths for ships and work with general cargoes, warehouses and storage, floating power plants, facilities of the continental shelf development, bases of the submersible drilling platforms, bases for the expeditionary workers, flooded pontoons for contouring of artificial soil islands, landing stages, dock-side waveprotective and other facilities. The article aim is to introduce the innovative technologies in construction of composite floating docks which co-developers are the authors of this article. Primary material statement. In foreign shipbuilding calculation of steel-concrete structures is based on the building codes where each element works independently and transfers the load to another one which leads to a significant amount of application of the reinforcing steel for the Â&#x20AC;|

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ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ ĐźĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐžĐťĐłĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˛ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐš Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đľ. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐłĐžĐ´Đ˝Đž ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐľĐśĐ˝ĐžĐš. Đ?Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 1 ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đž Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐłŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐłĐž Đ´ĐžĐşĐ° ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸ĐťĐžĐš 25000 Ń&#x201A; Đ˛ Đ´ĐžĐş-ĐşĐ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đľ ĐĽĐ&#x201C;Đ&#x2014; ÂŤĐ&#x;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ°Đ´Đ°Âť. Đ?Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐžĐşĐžĐź Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐąŃ&#x2039;Đť Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x2039; Đ¸Đˇ Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´Đ° ĐąŃ&#x2039;Đť ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝ Đ´ĐžĐş Ń ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝ĐžĐš, Đ˝Đ° ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐź ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛Ń Đľ Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2039; [12]. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° ĐˇĐ°Đ˛ĐžĐ´ ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ˝Đ° Đ´ĐžĐş ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x2039; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; (Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°) ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ´ĐžĐşĐ° ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x192;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐżĐžĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Đ´ĐžĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐžĐş, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;. Đ Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ° Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x2039; (ĐžŃ&#x201A; 13500 Đ´Đž 30000 Ń&#x201A;) Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ ĐťŃ&#x17D;ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ (Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ 200 Đź, Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ 50 Đź, Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ´Đž 7 Đź) Đ¸Đˇ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ˝ĐžĐłĐ°ĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đź ĐąĐľŃ ĐşĐľŃ Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° ĐżĐž Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đľ Đ¸ Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đľ Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192; ĐąĐľĐˇ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đž-Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐąĐ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝ĐžĐ˛-ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐžĐş Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192; Ń ĐžĐąĐžĐš Ń ĐżĐžĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐ¸. Đ&#x2019;ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ´Đ˛Đ° Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ´ĐžĐşĐ°: Đ˝Đ°Đ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;. Đ?Đ°Đ´Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x152;ĐźĐ° Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đž, ĐżĐžŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşŃ&#x192; Ń ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐşĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Đź Đ´ĐžĐşĐ°. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đş Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192; Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐľĐ˝ Ń ĐżĐžĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; ĐşĐžĐˇĐťĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐžĐš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž

reinforcement of thick-walled tiled finless structures with the sparsely established supportive set or without any. A method for calculating the marine steel-concrete structures has been developed, taking into account the co-operative work of the hull plating with the attached belt which enabled to significantly reduce its thickness and not to reinforce it with additional reinforcing fins of the set. The conducted research in terms of ensuring optimal performance of steel-concrete elements of the pontoon dock hull based on the terms of the bending strength and torsional resistance, water resistance and sealing, allowed getting the necessary combination of thin-walled elements with the minimum use of steel for the first time in the world practice of dock construction which has reduced the amount of reinforcement almost by 3 times. This has ensured the implementation of effective and unique dock design with the minimum hull weight, board draft and height [11]. The new developed materials for the steel-concrete structures on the basis of the modified concrete provide their durability and significantly prolong its service in seawater. The use of such solutions sets the native construction technology of the composite floating docks apart from overseas. Fig. 1 shows the formation of the new steel-concrete pontoon of the new lightweight construction of the floating dock with the buoyant power of 25,000 t in the docking chamber of the Kherson State Plant â&#x20AC;&#x153;Palladaâ&#x20AC;?. Based on the analysis of the possibility of the dock service of the vessels of various types and dimensions the range of composite floating docks of the varying buoyant power from the standardized designs has been developed. To create such a range the dock with minimum length has been defined which can efficiently accommodate all functional premises and mechanisms [12]. When the factory receives an order for the dock of the huge buoyant power the dimensions (length and width) of the main dock can be increased by means of the additional pontoon-attachments that are spliced afloat. The

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new technology of the construction of the composite floating docks with the huge buoyant power (from 13,500 t to 30,000 t), and almost of any size (with the length of more than 200 m, the width of more than 50 m, the pontoon height up to 7 m) from individual large parts followed by the caissonless housing merging on the length and width afloat without underwater engineering work. Thus the steel towers of the main pontoon and the pontoon-attachments are connected to each other by welding. There are two options of merging of the steel-concrete pontoon parts of the dock: overwater and afloat. The overwater merging is rather effective, as it reduces the amount of works on the butt joints of the dock. Thus, the launch of the parts of the steel-concrete pontoon is possible by means of the frame cranes with the huge lift capacity or the card-edge slip. To implement this method the powerful expensive equipment is required: the frame crane of g / n 1000 t with a case bay of 63 m or the cardedge slip of g / n 1800 t. The means to purchase them are not available at the plant. The conducted research resulted in the developed technology of the caissonless merging of the steel-concrete pontoon parts afloat of virtually unlimited dimensions without underwater engineering work [4, 13, 14]. The developed technology of the caissonless merging is as follows. After the outlet from the dock cameras the longitudinal, and if necessary, the cross merging of the steel-concrete pontoon parts of the floating dock is performed. Structurally, the node of the merging of the pontoon parts of the dock afloat consists of the plates of the bottom shell which has bosses in the joint, faced with the deep channels between which there is a flexible profile rubber channeling (Fig. 2). For merging one part of the dock is installed and secured to the outfitting quay, and then the second part is moored to it. In this case, preventive measures are taken to avoid the damage of the beams and the elastic water stop in the node of the steel-concrete pontoon pieces merging. The moored part of the pontoon is ballasted until a slight tilt is obtained to the side of the dock 1

Ń ĐťĐ¸ĐżĐ°. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ° Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐž ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ: ĐşĐžĐˇĐťĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; 1000 Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź 63 Đź Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń ĐťĐ¸Đż ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; 1800 Ń&#x201A;. ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ˝Đ° Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ° ĐˇĐ°Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;. Đ&#x2019; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń? 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Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ´ĐžĐşĐ° Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192; Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A; Đ¸Đˇ ĐżĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A; Đ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐžĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˛ĐşĐ¸, Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐš Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐšĐžĐ˝Đľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐşĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Ń&#x2039;, ĐžĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x2C6;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐťĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ¸, ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192; ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đž Ń?ĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸Đˇ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201E;Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 2). Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? 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Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2C6;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° ĐąĐ°ĐťĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đ´Đž ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝ĐľĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Ń&#x192; Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ´ĐžĐşĐ°, ĐˇĐ°ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Đş Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ˝ĐžĐš (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 3, Đ°). Đ&#x2014;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź ĐąĐ°ĐťĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐžĐąĐľ Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ´Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐžĐąĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń?ĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐşĐžĐ˛ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ˛ ĐˇĐ°ĐźĐşĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐąĐ°ĐťĐžĐş Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐťĐ°Đ´ĐşĐ¸. ĐĄŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐşĐžĐ˛ĐşŃ&#x192; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń?Ń&#x201A; Đ´Đž Ń&#x192;ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° ĐąĐ°ĐťĐžĐş Đ˛ ĐˇĐ°ĐźĐşĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026;. Đ&#x2019;ĐˇĐ°Đ¸ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐłŃ&#x192;ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐżĐžĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; ĐżĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń?ĐśĐľĐş. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐž Ń Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐľ Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐşĐ° Đ˛ ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐš Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝ Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń ĐľĐş, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐşĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ ĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń ĐľĐş ĐżĐž Đ˛Ń ĐľĐš Đ´ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đľ [4, 13] (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 4).

b) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đą)

Fig. 2. The joint node of the steel-concrete pontoon for its parts merging: Đ Đ¸Ń . 2. ĐŁĐˇĐľĐť Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐşĐ° ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐľĐłĐž Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš: a) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the joint with the stopwater for the pontoon merging / Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đş Ń Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐťĐ°Đ´ĐşĐžĐš Đ´Đž Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ°; b) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đą) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the junction after the pontoon merging / Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đş ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľ Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° 1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the pontoon butt edges / Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐşŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ°; 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the starter bars of the junction / Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐşĐ°; 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the compression keeper screw / Đ˛Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐťĐ°Đ´ĐşĐ¸; 4 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the embedded channel iron / ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťĐ°Đ´Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x2C6;Đ˛ĐľĐťĐťĐľŃ&#x20AC;; 5 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the rubber stopwater / Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇĐ¸Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐťĐ°Đ´ĐşĐ°; 6 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the method improvement of the pontoon outer plating / Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐľ Ń&#x192;Ń Đ¸ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ˝ĐžĐš ĐžĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ°

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attached to the waterfront (Fig. 3a). Then the two parts of the pontoon are ballasted before they take their design position with a view to the future shifts during the elastic water stop compression. To do this, before jointing the pontoon parts into the interlocking joints of the beams the special dimensional compressions are installed. The jointing is carried out to the beams stop at the interlocking joints. The relative position of the pontoon parts is controlled by the transverse and longitudinal ties. To conduct the work on the starter bars welding and the joint concreting in each of the pontoon parts a special technological compartment is planned which transforms into a single compartment along the entire length after joining [4, 13] (Fig. 4). The starter casing of the berth-deck has the bars on the lower tier which form an elastic hinge evenly along the jointing when compressing the elastic water stop (Fig. 5). The compression of the elastic water stop of the pontoon parts at the jointing of the bottom is performed by its rotating around the elastic hinge as a result of the water pumping from the pontoon compartments. Subsequent compression of the jointing is performed by means of the adoption of the ballast into the side compartments. 4

1 a)

1 b) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đą)

Fig. 3. Station keeping of the floating dock parts before the pontoon merging: Đ Đ¸Ń . 3. Đ&#x;ĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐłĐž Đ´ĐžĐşĐ° ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ°: Đ°) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; pre-setting of the dock parts before the pontoon merging / ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ° Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Đ´ĐžĐşĐ°; b) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đą) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; position of the pontoon parts when merging / ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ 1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; production unit of the pontoon parts merging / Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐľĐť Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ°; 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ballast / ĐąĐ°ĐťĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;

Đ?Ń&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐşĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐľĐťŃ&#x152;-ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x2039; Đ¸ĐźĐľĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ¸ Đ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐ˝Đ¸Đš Ń?Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń , ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžĐąĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń?ĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐ¸Đš Ń&#x2C6;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đž Đ˛Đ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152; Đ˛Ń ĐľĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐşĐ° (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 5). Đ&#x17E;ĐąĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ Ń?ĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐşŃ&#x192; Đ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2030;Đ° ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đł Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2C6;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ° Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐşĐ¸ Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; Đ¸Đˇ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń ĐľĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ°. Đ&#x;ĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ ĐžĐąĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;ĐşĐ° ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? ĐąĐ°ĐťĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ˛ ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń ĐľĐşĐ¸.

View of the berth-deck

Production merging unit DP

Merging area Level of the berth-deck

Bottom plates merging in merging area Technology compartment

2 BP

DP Fig. 4. Scheme of longitudinal merging of the semi-housing of the steel-concrete pontoon: Đ Đ¸Ń . 4. ĐĄŃ&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛ ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ°:

1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the steel strip which seals the merging area / ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? ĐżĐžĐťĐžŃ Đ°, ĐłĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ°Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐšĐžĐ˝ Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?; 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the bar mat on the berth-deck / Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ° Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐľĐťŃ&#x152;-ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐľ; 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the paired centering beams with interlocking joints / ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐąĐ°ĐťĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐˇĐ°ĐźĐşĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź; 4 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the cross ties / ĐżĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń?ĐśĐşĐ¸; 5 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the longitudinal ties / ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń?ĐśĐşĐ¸

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Đ˝Đ° Ń?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľŃ ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐłĐž Đ´ĐžĐşĐ°, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ° Đ¸ Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐ° Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐąĐ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ¸ Ń ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝ĐžĐź Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ ĐľĐłĐž Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152; Ń ĐťĐžĐśĐ˝Đ°Ń? ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°. Đ&#x;ĐžŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşŃ&#x192; Đ˛ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐź Đ´ĐžĐşĐľ ĐżĐžŃ?Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x152; ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťĐ°Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸ Đ´ĐťŃ? 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Fig. 5. Construction node of the elastic hinge: Đ Đ¸Ń . 5. Đ&#x161;ĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐľĐť Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2C6;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°: 1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; starter bars of the berth-deck / Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ¸ Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐľĐťŃ&#x152;-ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x2039;; 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; interlocking joint of the paired beams / ĐˇĐ°ĐźĐşĐžĐ˛ĐžĐľ Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐąĐ°ĐťĐşĐ¸; 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; one of the paired beams / ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ° Đ¸Đˇ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐ°ĐťĐžĐş; 4 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; berth-deck / Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐľĐťŃ&#x152;ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐ°; 5 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; recess of the technological compartment / Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐşĐ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń ĐľĐşĐ°; 6 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; strap of the elastic hinge / ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2021;ĐşĐ° Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2C6;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°

All the water is pumped from the technological compartment and the places in the jointing area are compressed considering that the drainage system should easily cope with the emerging filtrate. Then the drainage system integration is performed and the filtration water is continuously removed from the jointing area. After drying of the technological compartment the bottom and the heading joints are armored, the starter bars are welded, the formwork is set and the concreting is performed. The bars of the armored elements of the technological acceleration of the formwork are connected with jumpers to perform the embedment of the bottom joint. After the concreting of the bottom and butt joints the works on the embedment of the berth-deck and cross bulk-heads joints are performed. In parallel with bottom plates concreting the diaphragms in the joint area are armored and concreted, the starter bars in the joint area of the berth-deck are welded. When concrete in diaphragms reaches at least 50 % of grade strength the paired beams are dismounted and the berth-deck is concreted. The developed method of merging of the steel-concrete pontoon of the composite floating dock afloat requires minimal expenditures to the sealing and performing a small amount of the inspection diving operations. The caissonless merging of the steel-concrete pontoons of the composite floating dock afloat may be longitudinal as well as transverse, and it may be performed in the Kherson State Plant aquatorium or on its basing site. The pontoon merging afloat requires the high manufacturing accuracy and positioning of its parts in the joint area because even their slight bending, especially in the horizontal plane (e.g., from welding or thermal stress), can make it impossible to close the joint tightly. The special accuracy and the presetting of the dock parts inclined to the center plane is required (Fig. 3 a) to provide the necessary compression of the joint after their return to the design position (Fig. 3 b), but not earlier or later. The absence of rigid attachments during this operation which fix the relative position of the dock parts respectively Â&#x20AC;Â&#x20AC;

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to each other requires particularly favorable wind and wave conditions in the plant aquatorium over the long period of pontoon merging. During the joining of the pontoon parts afloat the paired beams with the split interlocking joints are mounted on them, marked and installed which fix the position of the dock pontoon parts in both vertical and horizontal planes. The parts of the steel-concrete pontoon are ballasted until they occupy the position on an even keel with the same sediment. Despite the economic feasibility of composite floating dock structure application, development and construction of the high-quality structural connection of the metal tower with the steel-concrete pontoon and the effective technology of its manufacture was a very difficult task. As the fixings for towers welding with the length equal to the length of the dock appeared in the composite dock, the result of longitudinal bending during the ships uplift and the sea track sides along these details was the cracks from the body bending in waves. Thus, water resistance of the dock body was significantly disrupted. To finalize the long-haul metal tower connection construction with the steel-concrete pontoon except the alternative calculations the half-sized modeling was applied which resulted in the addition of the metal beams with the corresponding increase in construction by the mortgage details for their attachment into the connection construction, the anchoring system of the mortgage details was improved and the details were added to improve the concrete merging of the pontoon body with the mortgage details. Connection of the tower with the pontoon is performed by means of the cruciate mortgage details. The solid vertical lines of the cruciate mortgage details are connected by the welding joint with the towers formwork, broadside reinforcement and the longitudinal pontoon bulkhead. Before installing the section blocks on the pontoon the main body saturation is mounted in them and the intersection connections are tested for proofness. The dock towers are formed of the section blocks from the mid-section to the bow and the stern. After testing mechanisms, piping and equipment are installed in them. The basic principle in the technology of the mechanical installation and tubes installation works is the maximum transfer of the preparatory work amount from the dock into the production units and on the outfitting quay. The great amount of work in the dock towers is performed by the large-block method based on the layout of the most saturated areas. It is accomplished by means of the module-aggregation method of design and the assembly of the dock power complexes. When making the assembly blocks (units) the functional grouping of mechanisms, armoring, piping and instrumentation is adopted. The number of the assembly blocks, their relative positions in the premises of the dock power complex, the rational layout of communications between the blocks and units are determined by means of the design and manufacture of the layout. In the areas of the engine and compressor units, the premises of the converters provide the unitized blocks weighing up to 50 tones in special

Đ´ĐžĐşĐ°, Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐ¸ĐąĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐžĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Đ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152; Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐľĐš ĐżĐžŃ?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x152; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐ¸ĐąĐ° ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°ĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x152; Đ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˝ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ°ĐľĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ´ĐžĐşĐ°. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐ° Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐąĐ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ¸ ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń ĐśĐľĐťĐľĐˇĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝ĐžĐź ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐľ Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đž ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ, Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đľ ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐ° ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐ¸ Đ˛Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐąĐ¸ĐźŃ Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đź Ń&#x192;Ń Đ¸ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťĐ°Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ?ĐźĐ¸ Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?, Ń&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ° Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťĐ°Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐľĐš Đ¸ Đ´ĐžĐąĐ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸ Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐąĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Ń ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťĐ°Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ?ĐźĐ¸. ĐĄĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐąĐ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ¸ Ń ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝ĐžĐź ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń ĐżĐžĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťĐ°Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐľĐš. ĐĄĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐžĐťĐžŃ Ń&#x2039; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťĐ°Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐľĐš Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x2C6;Đ˛ĐžĐź Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˛ĐşĐžĐš ĐąĐ°Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝, Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐš ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐşĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝Đ°. Đ&#x201D;Đž Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˝ ĐąĐťĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš Đ˛ Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń?Ń&#x201A; Đ¸Ń ĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˝Đ° Đ˝ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ°ĐľĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;. Đ&#x2018;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ¸ Đ´ĐžĐşĐ° Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đ¸Đˇ ĐąĐťĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐźĐ¸Đ´ĐľĐťŃ? Đ˛ Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x192;. Đ&#x;ĐžŃ ĐťĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸Ń ĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛ Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2039;, Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ. Đ&#x17E;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đż, ĐˇĐ°ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;, â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐ°ĐşŃ Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝ĐžŃ ĐżĐžĐ´ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˛ Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń Đ´ĐžĐşĐ° Đ˛ Ń&#x2020;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ¸ Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;. Đ&#x2018;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đš ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ ĐąĐ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐžĐşĐ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ˝ĐžĐąĐťĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐź Đ˝Đ° ĐąĐ°ĐˇĐľ ĐźĐ°ĐşĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš. ĐŃ&#x201A;Đž ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź ĐźĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž-Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ ĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐśĐ° Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ ĐžĐ˛ Đ´ĐžĐşĐ°. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐťĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ (Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛) ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ° ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐžĐ˛, Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;, Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛. Đ§Đ¸Ń ĐťĐž ĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐťĐžĐşĐžĐ˛, Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐˇĐ°Đ¸ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛ ĐżĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ° Đ´ĐžĐşĐ°, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐžĐźĐźŃ&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192; ĐąĐťĐžĐşĐ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸ Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ¸ ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐ°ĐşĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Đ&#x2019; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐšĐžĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ ĐşĐžĐźĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, ĐżĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐąĐťĐžĐşĐ¸ ĐźĐ°Ń Ń ĐžĐš Đ´Đž 50 Ń&#x201A; Đ˛ Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐ°Ń Đ°Ń&#x2026;. Đ¤ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐťĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐľ Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x2018;ĐťĐžĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đ˛ ĐąĐťĐžĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐąĐ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ¸ Đ´Đž Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;Đą Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đź. 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frames. The formation of the large blocks and units is performed at the aggregation sites. The blocks and the aggregates are loaded into the tower section blocks until they are covered with the massive sections located above the deck or the platform. After the completion of dock parts construction they are taken out from the dock cameras to the plant aquatorium for the pontoon merging and the outfitting works completion. The docks have automated machinery control systems, electronic systems for water level indication in the ballast tanks of the pitch and the roll, the dock bending at the stretch and operation. The docks are environmentally safe. As a result of the conducted research and design and experimental activities the composite floating docks of domestic construction are made with the buoyant power from 8,500 tones to 30,000 tones which are competitive on the global shipbuilding market. Their manufacturing is mastered and their widespread adoption is achieved [11]. The designed and built composite floating docks are the unique structures. They correspond to the Classification Rules of the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping, and their characteristics provide the towing capability from the port of Kherson to the Far East, Kamchatka, the Kola peninsula and to other regions of the globe (Fig. 6). The composite floating docks with the big buoyant power for different purposes are in great demand in many countries around the world. In accordance with the new technology over 30 composite floating docks with the buoyant power from 8,500 tones to 28,000 tones are built and delivered to the Customers: to the Russian Federation, Japan, South Korea, Finland, Turkey, Bulgaria, Vietnam, Algeria, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar. The unique docks for the nuclear submarines dismantling are delivered also for the Navy of the Russian Federation. The new developed technologies and the docks constructed according to them are unique in the world practice of dock construction. For construction, development and widespread adoption of new competitive composite structures of domestic construction the specialists and scientists among whom there were the authors of this article were awarded with the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology. CONCLUSION. 1. The unique technology of composite floating docks construction was developed for the first time which has no analogues in the world practice. They have almost unlimited buoyant power and dimensions and are made of separate large parts with further caissonless merging of the steel-concrete pontoon afloat lengthwise and edgewise without underwater engineering work which can be used as at the plant-builder of the dock, and the location of its operation. 2. The developed design of the pontoon nodes jointing with the metal towers has no analogues in the world practice of floating steel-concrete structures construction. 3. According to the new technology more than 30 composite floating docks with the significant buoyant power which are competitive on the global shipbuilding market are constructed and delivered to the various countries of the world.

Fig. 6. Repair composite floating dock with the buoyant power of 13,500 tones before delivery to the Russian Federation Đ Đ¸Ń . 6. Đ ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đš Đ´ĐžĐş ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸ĐťĐžĐš 13500 Ń&#x201A; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐşĐžĐš Đ˛ Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸ĐšŃ ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ¤ĐľĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D;

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Список литературы [1]

Борчевский, О. А. Тенденции развития судоподъемных сооружений [Текст] / О. А. Борчевский, Г. Н. Финкель // Проектирование и эксплуатация судоподъемных сооружений. — Л. : Судостроение, 1977. — Вып. 87. — С. 8–13.

[2]

Гофтарш, П. С. Технологические требования к плавучим докам [Текст] / П. С. Гофтарш. — Л. : Судостроение, 1979. — 126 с.

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Николаев, Б. В. Состояние и перспективы развития некоторых типов судоподъемных сооружений [Текст] / Б. В. Николаев // Проектирование и эксплуатация судоподъемных сооружений. — Л. : Судостроение, 1987. — Вып. 87. — С. 14–16.

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Пат. 7809 Україна, МПК7В63В9/00. Спосіб стикування підводних частин залізобетонної плавучої споруди [Текст] / М. Г. Слуцький, В. Ф. Маломан. — № 7809 ; заявл. 17.11.04 ; опубл. 15.07.05, Бюл. № 7.

[5]

Плавучие металлические доки [Текст] / М. А. Ловягин, В. М. Корсаков, Я. Б. Каганер [и др.]. — Л. : Судостроение, 1964. — 336 с.

[6]

Проектирование, технология и организация строительства композитных плавучих доков [Текст] : монография / А. С. Рашковский, Н. Г. Слуцкий, В. Н. Коннов [и др.] ; под науч. ред. А. С. Рашковского. — Николаев : РАЛполиграфия, 2008 — 614 с.

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Слуцкий, Н. Г. Состояние и перспективы строительства композитных плавучих сооружений [Текст] / Н. Г. Слуцкий // Безопасность мореплавания и ее обеспечение при проектировании и постройке судов : материалы междунар. науч.техн. конф. — Николаев : НУК, 2004. — С. 85–87.

[8]

Слуцкий, Н. Г. Строительство железобетонных плавучих сооружений в Украине [Текст] / Н. Г. Слуцкий, В. Ф. Маломан, А. С. Рашковский // Рыбное хозяйство Украины. Спец. вып. «Морские технологии: проблемы и решения — 2004». — Керчь : КГМТИ, 2004. — № 7. — С. 11–14.

[9]

Слуцкий, Н. Г. Новые направления в проектировании и технологии строительства композитных плавучих доков большой подъемной силы [Текст] / Н. Г. Слуцкий // Актуальные проблемы проектирования и эксплуатации судов : матер. науч. симпозиума. Т. 1. Транспорт. — О. : Черноморье, 2008. — С. 18–23.

[10] Слуцкий, Н. Г. Опыт строительства композитных плавучих доков большой подъемной силы на ХГЗ «Паллада» [Текст] / Н. Г. Слуцкий, А. С. Рашковский // Рибне господарство України. — Керчь : КГМТИ, 2007. — № 3–4. — С. 44–46. [11] Слуцкий, Н. Г. Экономическая эффективность строительства и эксплуатации композитных плавучих доков большой подъемной силы [Текст] / Н. Г. Слуцкий, А. С. Рашковский, Д. В. Ермаков // Економіка: проблеми теорії та практики : зб. наук. праць. — Дніпропетровськ : ДНУ, 2007. — Вип. 232, т. III. — С. 614–621. [12] Слуцкий, Н. Г. Модульное формирование композитных плавучих доков больших габаритных размеров [Текст] / Н. Г. Слуцкий, В. Н. Коннов, А. С. Рашковский // Perspektywiczne opracowania nauki i techniki : мateriały II мiędzynarodowej naukowi-praktycznej konferencji – 2007. T. 10. Techniczne nauki. — Przemyśl : Nauka i studia, 2007. — S. 31–34. [13] Слуцкий, Н. Г. Разработка технологии строительства композитных плавучих доков большой подъемной силы [Текст] / Н. Г. Слуцкий // Зб. наук. праць НУК. — Миколаїв : НУК, 2007. — № 3 (414). — С. 3–10. [14] Слуцкий, Н. Г. Сращивание на плаву частей железобетонного понтона композитного плавучего дока большой подъемной силы [Текст] / Н. Г. Слуцкий // Современные направления теоретических и прикладных исследований : сб. науч. трудов Междунар. науч.-практ. конф. — О., 2007. — Т. 1. Транспорт. — С. 18–22. [15] Танхельсон, Г. В. Железобетонные плавучие доки [Текст] / Г. В. Танхельсон. — Л. : Судпромгиз, 1960. — 316 с.

_____________________________________ © А. С. Рашковский, Д. В. Ермаков, Чжао Дун Статью рекомендует в печать д-р техн. наук, проф. Ю. Н. Коробанов

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Abstract. The application of interval estimation of deviation of work duration under the time management of projects of design vessels documentation development has been studied. The aim of the study is to determine the possibilities to apply the interval estimation of deviation of work duration on the basis of normalizing transformations. This will reduce the probability of exceeding the time and budget of projects of design vessels documentation development. The Johnsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s normalizing transformations and rules of interval arithmetic are applied to determine the deviation of work duration in projects of design vessels documentation development. Three types of interval deviation of work duration in projects of design vessels documentation development are determined. The example of usage of interval estimates of deviation of work duration is given on the basis of Johnsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s normalizing transformations in projects of design vessels documentation development. The research results can be used under the time management of projects of design vessels documentation development. This improves the reliability of estimation of work duration deviation and helps to make the informed decisions to change the schedule of projects of design vessels documentation development. Keywords: project time management, project of design vessel documentation development, Johnsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s normalizing transformation, interval arithmetic. Đ?Đ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x;ĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? 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Problem statement. Vessel design engineering (DE) projects are always limited in time. While such projects carrying out there are cases of exceeding the planned duration of the works, which require changes to the project schedule. Typically, these changes lead to overtime rise or attract additional personnel and, therefore, increase the time and cost of the project. Timely detection of the work duration exceeding in the time management of vessel DE project by estimating the work duration deviations would reduce the number of changes in project schedules, which in turn would reduce the risk of exceeding their timing and cost. Increasing the estimations reliability of work duration deviations in time management of vessel DE projects, as well as evaluation of these deviations impact on the project duration is an urgent problem that must be solved by the project managers. Analysis of the recent research and publications. The method PERT (Project Evaluation and Review Technique) is used as well as Earned Value Technique while time management of the vessels DE projects [1, 4, 10, 11]. The disadvantages of the PERT method are as follows: the use of the averages for the evaluation and work duration dispersion of the Î˛ distribution, which does not

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always correspond to the real data [3, 9], as well as the use of point estimates of the average and work duration dispersion, which are known to be less reliable than the interval estimates [5]. The disadvantages of earned value method can include the use of rough estimates of the work to meet deadlines with a low reliability [1, 6]. In the method control parameters there is no information on the effect of work duration deviations on the critical path of the project. Deviations from the planned work duration show a change in the flow of funds, but not in time. While parameters converting, which reflect the current state of the project in terms of cost, within the parameters expressed in units of time, it is practically impossible to obtain information on the coincidence, advancing or lagging of the current schedule comparing to the planned work schedules. The a method of comparing the planned network project schedule with the actual network schedule is more reliable method of control and time management of the projects, comparing to the method of PERT and earned value method [1, 3, 4]. This results in estimates of the work duration deviation in the form of point estimates with a sign. Negative values of the work duration deviations indicate the advancing of the project schedule, and positive values â&#x20AC;&#x201D; lagging behind the project schedule. Such estimates can be used for projects with determined duration of works. The essential difference between the vessel DE development projects is the presence of random values of the work duration with non-Gaussian distribution law [9]. This creates difficulties in finding interval estimates as well as of the work duration and work duration deviations. Currently, methods of the confidence intervals determination are well designed for random variables with normal distribution. For non-Gaussian random variables determining the confidence interval is known or for individual distributions, in particular Poisson [2] or Johnson [7, 8]. In the case of an unknown law of the random variable, which is the case in vessel DE projects, we can determine the confidence limits by means of nonparametric methods or by normalization of the random variable with the help of normalizing transformations, such as Johnson, the Boxâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Cox (Boxâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Cox) [8]. Therefore, interval estimates of the work duration deviation in vessel DE projects can be obtained using interval estimates the work duration, determined by applying normalizing transformations [12]. WORK OBJECTIVE â&#x20AC;&#x201D; show the possibility of using interval estimation of the work duration deviations

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Đ&#x161; Đ˝ĐľĐ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ°Đź ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ° ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş Ń ĐžĐąĐťŃ&#x17D;Đ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐşĐžĐš Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; [1, 6]. Đ&#x2019; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Đ° ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đž Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˝Đ° ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐˇĐ°ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ Đ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛, Đ° Đ˝Đľ Đ˛Đž Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐśĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ°Ń&#x2026;, Đ˛ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;, Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ ĐľĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đž Ń ĐžĐ˛ĐżĐ°Đ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸, ĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x2018;ĐžĐťĐľĐľ Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐź ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ? Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐź PERT Đ¸ ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐź ĐžŃ Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ°, Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đź Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐžĐź [1, 3, 4]. Đ&#x2019; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đľ ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş Ń Đž ĐˇĐ˝Đ°ĐşĐžĐź. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x192;ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đ˝Đ° ĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°, Đ° ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Đ˘Đ°ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸ ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;. ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐšĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń Đ˝ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x192;Ń Ń ĐžĐ˛Ń ĐşĐ¸Đź ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? [9]. ĐŃ&#x201A;Đž Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş ĐşĐ°Đş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;, Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đş Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;. Đ&#x2019; Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ? ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x2026;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2C6;Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐšĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝ Ń Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Đ˝ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x192;Ń Ń ĐžĐ˛Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐšĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝ ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐ° Đ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đž ĐťĐ¸ĐąĐž Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, Đ˛ Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń Ń ĐžĐ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń ĐşĐžĐłĐž [2], ĐťĐ¸ĐąĐž Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžĐ˝Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ° [7, 8]. Đ&#x2019; Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đľ Đ˝ĐľĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐžĐ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ¸ĐźĐľĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛, ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x2039; Đ˝ĐľĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Đ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐżĐžĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš, Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC; Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžĐ˝Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ°, Đ&#x2018;ĐžĐşŃ Đ°â&#x20AC;&#x201C;Đ&#x161;ĐžĐşŃ Đ° (Boxâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Cox) [8]. ĐĄĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž, Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń? Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;, ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš [12].

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on the basis of normalizing transformations for time management of the vessel DE projects. This will increase the reliability of the estimates and reduce the likelihood of exceeding the time and cost of projects. Basic material statement. The process of the time management of the vessel DE project can be represented as a diagram of feedback control (see Fig. 1), where the DM â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the decision-maker. Often the project manager acts as the decision-maker. The monitoring of deviations of actual work duration is carried out while the project execution. Using the recommendations in the form of interval estimates of the work duration deviations, the decision maker decides to change the project schedule in order to reduce the risks associated with exceeding the project period. The planned schedule of the vessel DE project represented as a network diagram (network model "work sites"), is a reference schedule for the control deviation of the actual work duration. The reasons for these deviations may be as follows: a time delay while the source data transmitting in order to adjust the 3D-model of the ship and working drawings release; unplanned changes in the parameters of units, assemblies or vessel components; insufficient level of scientific expertise in estimating the work duration and preparation of the project schedule network and others. The list of causes of the work duration deviations in the vessel DE projects is constantly expanding. The set of causes varies from project to project and, as a rule, the

Targets Project Development Schedule engineering documentation of Ship

Decisionmaker

ĐŚĐ&#x2022;Đ&#x203A;ĐŹ Đ Đ?Đ&#x2018;Đ&#x17E;Đ˘ĐŤ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛. ĐŃ&#x201A;Đž ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A; ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ°. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 1), ĐłĐ´Đľ Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x;Đ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đž, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ. Đ§Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đľ Đ˛Ń ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐ¸ Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x;Đ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ´ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Đ&#x2019; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;. Đ&#x2DC;Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;, Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x;Đ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžĐą Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐşĐžĐ˛, Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Đ&#x;ĐťĐ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ° (Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸ ÂŤŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐ°Ń&#x2026;Âť), Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ? ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;: ĐˇĐ°Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐž Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đľ Đ¸Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ 3D-ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń ĐşĐ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐśĐľĐš; Đ˝ĐľĐˇĐ°ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐžĐ˛, Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°; Đ˝ĐľĐ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ¸ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ¸ Đ´Ń&#x20AC;. Đ&#x;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ˝Đž

Control action

Control object

The decision to change the project schedule

Schedule of the project design documentation development vessel

Develop recommendations for decision-makers (interval estimation)

Monitoring, analysis, detection of deviations

Fig. 1. Scheme of the Time Management of the Vessel DE Project: Đ Đ¸Ń . 1. ĐĄŃ&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐ° Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°: Targets Project Development Schedule engineering documentation of Ship â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐš Đ´ĐžĐşŃ&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°; decision-maker â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đž, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ (Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x;Đ ); the decision to change the project schedule â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžĐą Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°; schedule of the project design documentation development vessel â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐš Đ´ĐžĐşŃ&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°; develop recommendations for decision-makers (interval estimation) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ&#x203A;Đ&#x;Đ (Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ); monitoring, analysis, detection of deviations â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;, Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ, Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń?Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš; control action â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´ĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Đľ; control object â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?

xÂ }

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\

Â§ x MÂˇ q1 x; M, O lnÂ¨ Â¸ , x > Ď&#x2020; (class SL); ÂŠ O Âš

Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń?, Đ° Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝ Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Ń?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192; Đ¸, ĐşĐ°Đş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐž, Đ˝Đľ ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń?. ĐŃ&#x201A;Đž Ń Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐśĐ˝Ń?ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;, ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐ˝ĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Đ&#x17E;Đ´Đ˝Đ¸Đź Đ¸Đˇ Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝ĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;, ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš, Đ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş, ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ Î˛-Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐž ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192; PERT. Đ&#x2019; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đľ [9] ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐž ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đž, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżĐžŃ&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžĐ˝Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ°. Đ&#x2019; ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐź Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžĐ˝Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ¸ĐźĐľĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ z = Îł + ÎˇÂˇq(x, Ď&#x2020;, Îť), Îˇ > 0, â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x2C6;&#x17E; < Îł < â&#x2C6;&#x17E;, Îť > 0, â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x2C6;&#x17E; < Ď&#x2020; < â&#x2C6;&#x17E;, ĐłĐ´Đľ q â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?; Îł, Îˇ, Ď&#x2020; Đ¸ Îť â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?; z â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐšĐ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐżĐž Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x192;. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžĐ˝Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń ĐľĐźĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš q:

Â§ x M Âˇ Â¸Â¸ , Ď&#x2020; < x > Ď&#x2020; + Îť (class SB); q2 x; M, O lnÂ¨Â¨ ÂŠO M xÂš Â§ x MÂˇ q3 x; M, O ArshÂ¨ Â¸ , â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x2C6;&#x17E; < x < â&#x2C6;&#x17E; (class SU). ÂŠ O Âš

Â§ x MÂˇ q1 x; M, O lnÂ¨ Â¸ , x > Ď&#x2020; (Ń ĐľĐźĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž SL); ÂŠ O Âš Â§ x M Âˇ Â¸Â¸ , Ď&#x2020; < x > Ď&#x2020; + Îť (Ń ĐľĐźĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž SB); q2 x; M, O lnÂ¨Â¨ ÂŠO M xÂš

causes donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t repeat. This greatly complicates the classification of causes of the work duration deviations, to obtain reliable estimates of their prediction and the actual timing of the project. One way to solve these problems is to use confidence intervals estimates of the average duration of work derived from normalizing transformations, rather than point estimates derived from Î˛ distribution according to the method PERT. It was shown in the work [9] that for the vessel DE projects it is preferably to use the Johnson normalizing transformation. In the general case Johnson transformation is as follows z = Îł + ÎˇÂˇq(x, Ď&#x2020;, Îť), Îˇ > 0, â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x2C6;&#x17E; < Îł < â&#x2C6;&#x17E;, Îť > 0, â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x2C6;&#x17E; < Ď&#x2020; < â&#x2C6;&#x17E;, where q â&#x20AC;&#x201D; arbitrary function; Îł, Îˇ, Ď&#x2020; and Îť â&#x20AC;&#x201D; transformation parameters; z â&#x20AC;&#x201D; normed random variable, distributed according to the normal law. Three classes of functions q are applied for Johnson transformation:

Selection of the Johnson class of transformation for the experimental data is performed in two stages. 1. According to the values of the squared skewness and measure of kurtosis the appropriate Johnson transformation class is chosen. The domain of the Johnson class distribution in the plane (A2, E; A â&#x20AC;&#x201D; sample skewness, E â&#x20AC;&#x201C; sample kurtosis) is given in [5]. 2. The parametersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; estimates of the selected Johnson class transformation are defined [9]. During the project planning (based on normalizing transformations) the confidence intervals of the average work duration in previous projects are determined. In this case, each network model unit can be described as a tuple

> @

wi , ti , ti ,

(1)

> @

the actual i work duration deviations 'ti , 'ti , got by means of the interval arithmetic rules, is determined i

> @ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐşĐžĐ´ i-Đš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;; >t , t @ Wi

where wi â&#x20AC;&#x201D; code of the i work; ti , ti â&#x20AC;&#x201D; interval estimate of the planned i work duration, got on the basis of Johnson normalizing transformations. While monitoring the actual work duration (tfi) and interval estimation of

>'t , 't @ >t , t @ t

Â§ x MÂˇ ArshÂ¨ Â¸ , â&#x20AC;&#x201C;â&#x2C6;&#x17E; < x < â&#x2C6;&#x17E; (Ń ĐľĐźĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž SU). ÂŠ O Âš Đ&#x;ĐžĐ´ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; Ń ĐľĐźĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžĐ˝Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐşŃ&#x192;ĐżĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Ń?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ Đ´Đ˛Đ° Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐ°. 1. Đ&#x;Đž ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Đź Đ°Ń Đ¸ĐźĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˛ ĐşĐ˛Đ°Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đľ Đ¸ Ń?ĐşŃ Ń&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Ń ĐľĐźĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžĐ˝Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ°. Đ&#x17E;ĐąĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐľĐźĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžĐ˝Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ˛ ĐżĐťĐžŃ ĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ (A2, E; Đ? â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ°Ń Đ¸ĐźĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐşĐ¸, Đ&#x2022; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Ń?ĐşŃ Ń&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐşĐ¸) ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ˛ [5]. 2. Đ&#x17E;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐľĐźĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžĐ˝Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ° [9]. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? (Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš) Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝ĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x2039;Đ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026;. Đ&#x2019; Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đľ ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐľĐť Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸ ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐžĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐśĐ° q3 x; M, O

fi .

wi , ti , ti ,

(1)

ĐłĐ´Đľ wi â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? i i ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ° ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ i-Đš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;, ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžĐ˝Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ°. Đ&#x2019; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đľ ĐźĐžĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝ĐłĐ° ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; (tfi) Đ¸ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ° ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ i-Đš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; 'ti , 'ti , ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸Đť Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸:

xÂ ~

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\

>'t , 't @ >t , t @ t

In the current case the tuple (1) will be as follows:

> @ >

wi , ti , ti , t fi , 'ti , 'ti .

(2)

Interval estimates of work duration deviations in the vessel DE projects can be of three types. Interval estimates of the first type deviations have positive values of the lower and upper interval borders:

' ti ! 0 Â&#x161; ' t i ! 0 . They show that the work is going ahead of schedule. In the vessel DE projects the interval estimates of the work duration deviations of the first type may indicate a low reliability of the average work duration estimates. Interval estimates of the second type deviations have a negative value of the lower border and positive of the upper border: 'ti 0 Â&#x161; 'ti ! 0 .

They show the normal performance of works and that the change in the project schedule is not required. Interval estimates of the third type deviations have a negative value of the lower border and the negative of the upper border: 'ti 0 Â&#x161; 'ti 0.

They show the lag of the project schedule and may lead to failure of the project life. This type of interval estimates of the work duration deviations always requires some changes in the project schedule. Reliability of the estimates of the work duration deviations in the working vessel projects can be improved by the introduction to the tuple (2) of an additional parameter, characterizing the work execution status. This parameter can be called the coefficient of the work performance. The tuple (2) takes the following form: Wi

@ >

wi , t pi , t pi , t fi , 'ti , 'ti , k i ,

(3)

where ki â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the work performance coefficient. As a general rule, to obtain the exact values of the performance coefficient is difficult because the methods of the design works standardization are not developed. Most often the design work performance is evaluated empirically as a confirmed percentage of the work completion, or in the form of the control events of the i work of the working vessel project. One of possible variants of the list events is shown in Table 1. In case of ki = 0,25...1,0 and interval estimates of the work duration deviations of the first type the project manager records the fact of saving resources for their use in other works of the project.

Đ&#x2019; Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đľ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐś (1) ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛Đ¸Đ´

> @ >

wi , ti , ti , t fi , 'ti , 'ti .

(2)

Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐ˝ĐľĐš Đ¸ Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐľĐš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2039; Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐ°:

' ti ! 0 Â&#x161; ' t i ! 0 . Đ&#x17E;Đ˝Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ¸Đ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ°. Đ&#x2019; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x192;ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝ĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;. Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐ˝ĐľĐš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐľĐš: 'ti 0 Â&#x161; 'ti ! 0 .

Đ&#x17E;Đ˝Đ¸ Ń Đ¸ĐłĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đž Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐź Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ¸ Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x152;ĐľĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ¸ĐśĐ˝ĐľĐš ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐľĐš: 'ti 0 Â&#x161; 'ti 0.

Đ&#x17E;Đ˝Đ¸ Ń Đ¸ĐłĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐžĐą ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ¸ ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đş Ń Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Ń&#x192; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°. ĐŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đż Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛Ń ĐľĐłĐ´Đ° Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Đ&#x201D;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Đ˛Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐś (2) Đ´ĐžĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°, Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;. ĐŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC; ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;. Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐś (2) ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đš Đ˛Đ¸Đ´: Wi

@ >

wi , t pi , t pi , t fi , 'ti , 'ti , k i ,

(3)

ĐłĐ´Đľ ki â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐşĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;. Đ&#x161;Đ°Đş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐž, ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐťĐžĐśĐ˝Đž, Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đş ĐşĐ°Đş Đ´Đž Ń Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC; Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;. Đ§Đ°Ń&#x2030;Đľ Đ˛Ń ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń?ĐźĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐťĐ¸ĐąĐž Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš i-Đš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°. Đ&#x17E;Đ´Đ¸Đ˝ Đ¸Đˇ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝ Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 1. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; ki = 0,25â&#x20AC;Ś1,0 Đ¸ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ´ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşŃ Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A; Ń?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń ĐžĐ˛ Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°.

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Table 1 Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 1 Performance coefficient Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Explanation / Đ&#x;ĐžŃ?Ń Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; 0 The work is not started / Đ Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ˝Đľ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ° The basic design data are given. The design engineering is started / Đ&#x17E;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ´Đ°Đ˝0.25 Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039;. Đ?Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ° Đ´ĐžĐşŃ&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ All the design data are got. The documentation is ready for technical and regulatory inspection / 0.50 Đ&#x2019;Ń Đľ Đ¸Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039;. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐşŃ&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžĐ´ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ? All the mistakes, detected while the technical and regulatory inspection, are corrected. The documentation is ready for the repeat technical and regulatory inspection / Đ&#x2019;Ń Đľ ĐžŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸ĐąĐşĐ¸, 0.75 Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń?Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐź Đ¸ Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐź ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐľ, Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039;. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐşŃ&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ? The documentation passes the technical and regulatory inspection and is approved by the Chief 1.00 Engineer / Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐşŃ&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐťĐ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš Đ¸ Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152; Đ¸ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ° ĐłĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐź

â&#x201E;&#x2013; 1 2 3

In case of ki = 0,25...0,75 and interval estimates of the work duration deviations of the second type the project manager records the fact of the normal schedule execution of works. In case of ki = 0,25...1,0 and interval estimates of the work duration deviations of the third type the project manager records the fact of the excess of the planned work duration and takes urgent measures to modify the project schedule. The results of the interval estimation of the work duration and work duration deviations for the fragment of the container carrier DE project network schedule (see Fig. 2) are shown in the Table 2. The confidence intervals for the work duration are found on the basis of the Johnson transformation class SB. Interval estimates of the work duration deviations are got according to the rules of interval arithmetic. The following chain H â&#x2020;&#x2019; A1 â&#x2020;&#x2019; A4 â&#x2020;&#x2019; A6 â&#x2020;&#x2019; K is a critical path of the schedule network. Work performance coefficient in the Table 2 is equal to 1 for all the works, as we used data of the completed project.

Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ki = 0,25â&#x20AC;Ś0,75 Đ¸ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ´ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşŃ Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A; Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ki = 0,25â&#x20AC;Ś1,0 Đ¸ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x152;ĐľĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ´ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşŃ Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐž Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Đ ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐłĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐšĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐ° (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 2) ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 2. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˝Đ°ĐšĐ´ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžĐ˝Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ° Ń ĐľĐźĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° SB. Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐ°Đź Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸. Đ&#x161;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đź ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ° Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐżĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐşĐ° Đ?â&#x2020;&#x2019;Đ?1â&#x2020;&#x2019;Đ?4â&#x2020;&#x2019;Đ?6â&#x2020;&#x2019;Đ&#x161;. Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 2 Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐľĐ˝ 1 Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˛Ń ĐľŃ&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;, Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đş ĐşĐ°Đş Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x152; Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ°Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ?1, Đ?3 Đ¸ Đ?6 (Ń Đź. Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐť. 2) ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐşĐž Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżŃ&#x192;, Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž, Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń?Ń&#x201A; ĐˇĐ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Đ˝Đľ Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°.

Table 2 Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 2

>'t , 't @

[â&#x20AC;&#x201C;8, 2]

[â&#x20AC;&#x201C;16, â&#x20AC;&#x201C;8]

[24,36]

[â&#x20AC;&#x201C;10, 2]

Đ?4

[40,56]

[â&#x20AC;&#x201C;24, â&#x20AC;&#x201C;8]

Đ?5

[24,32]

[â&#x20AC;&#x201C;10, â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2]

Đ?6

[64,80]

[â&#x20AC;&#x201C;6, 8]

>t , t @

tfi

Đ?1

[20,30]

Đ?2

[16,24]

Đ?3

Fig. 2. Fragment of the Container Carrier DE Project Network Schedule Đ Đ¸Ń . 2. Đ¤Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐłĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Đ&#x161;Đ&#x201D; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐšĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐ°

xÂ Â&#x20AC;

£y y y x{

j\dW efd\hW ik[fijhf\e`\

The work duration deviations A1, A3 and A6 (see. Table 2) belong to the second type, therefore, these works do not go beyond the planned parameters and do not affect the project schedule. The work duration deviations A2, A4, and A5 belong to the third type, and may lead to increase of the project life. First it is necessary for the project manager to pay attention to the operation of A4, as it is on the critical path and can definitely increase the project time. The assessment of the works A2 and A5impact on the increase of the project time can be determined using additional calculations. In this case, it is clear that managing influences of the decision-maker (with high confidence) should be directed primarily on the A4 work influence neutralization. Consequently, the interval estimation of the work duration deviations can improve the accuracy of detection of the critical points with the project time excess and quickly neutralize their negative impact. CONCLUSION Application of the interval estimation of the work duration deviations on the basis of the Johnson normalizing transformation and interval arithmetic for the time management in the vessel DE projects can improve the accuracy of the work duration deviations estimation, can help to make grounded decisions to modify the schedule of the vessel DE projects and decrease the risks of exceeding the project life.

Отклонения продолжительности работ А2, А4 и А5 относятся к третьему типу и могут привести к увеличению сроков проекта. В первую очередь менеджеру проекта необходимо обратить внимание на работу А4, так как она находится на критическом пути и однозначно может увеличить время проекта. Оценку влияния работ А2 и А5 на увеличение времени проекта можно определить с помощью дополнительных расчетов. В данном случае видно, что управляющие воздействия ЛПР (с высокой степенью достоверности) должны быть направлены в первую очередь на нейтрализацию влияния работы А4. Следовательно, интервальное оценивание отклонений продолжительности работ позволяет повысить достоверность выявления критических точек с превышением времени проекта и оперативно нейтрализовать их отрицательное влияние. ВЫВОДЫ. Применение интервального оценивание отклонения продолжительности работ на основе нормализующего преобразования Джонсона и интервальной арифметики для управления временем в проектах разработки КД судов позволяет повысить достоверность оценивания отклонений продолжительности работ, принимать обоснованные решения по изменению расписания проектов разработки КД судов и уменьшить риски превышения сроков проектов.

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[10] Стандарт ANSI/PMI 99-001-2004. Руководство к своду знаний по управлению проектами. Третье издание (Руководство РМВОК) [Текст] / издатель : Project Management Institute, Inc. — 2004. — Four Campus Boulevard, Newtown Square, PA 19073-3299 USA / США. — 401 с. [11] Филлипс, Д. Методы анализа сетей [Текст] / Д. Филипс, А. Гарсиа Диас ; [пер. с англ.]. — М. : Мир, 1984. — 496 с. [12] Шокин, Ю. В. Интервальный анализ [Текст] / Ю. В. Шокин. — Новосибирск : Наука, 1981. — 112 с. ___________________________ © С. Б. Приходько, О. А. Кудин Статью рекомендует в печать д-р техн. наук, проф. К. В. Кошкин

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Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Nikolaev Petro Mohyla Chernomorsky State University, Nikolaev 1 Đ?Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐťĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ Đ°Đ´ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐťĐ° Đ&#x153;Đ°ĐşĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°, Đł. Đ?Đ¸ĐşĐžĐťĐ°ĐľĐ˛ 2 Đ§ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Đš ĐłĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ Đ&#x;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ° Đ&#x153;ĐžĐłĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x2039;, Đł. Đ?Đ¸ĐşĐžĐťĐ°ĐľĐ˛ 1 2

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Abstract. The ship repair process is a complex technological process affected by rather large number of risk-contributing factors: the cost of repairs, repair durations, quality of repair, the presence of the necessary production facilities and personnel, etc. It highlights the problem of analysis, prediction and forecasting of the impact of these factors in order to solve effectively a number of organizational measures which precede the implementation of the ship repair works. For the account of a variety of factors which affect the course of the ship repair process the automated information systems which contain the developed databases are developed at the enterprises. Because of the versatility the existing information systems of the dockyards management can not display the specifics of the ship repair and are mainly focused on the management of the financial costs at the enterprise. A common drawback of such systems is the lack of decision support modules in them which limits their function in the production management. The aim of this article is to consider the possibility of appliance of the model to support the decision making under the conditions of risk which are presented by the probability trees at which the tasks of probabilistic inference and the development of a number of illustrative examples are solved. Preliminary, each risk-contributing factor which represents a system of random events is graphically displayed in the form of the distribution tree. Each branch of the distribution tree displays a single random event and its probability to be fulfilled. The combination of such trees received by their joint leads to the probabilities tree. Each node (the top) of such tree is connected with one complete system of random events. Each event and the probability of its fulfillment are displayed by the tree branch which comes from the corresponding node. Each path in the tree from the root node to the final position shows one of the possible combinations of events which are called a script. This approach can be successfully applied for the analysis of various organizational and technical problems of the ship repair under the conditions of uncertainty. Keywords: risk, uncertainty, probability inference, graph. Đ?Đ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?. Đ Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ° ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x152;ĐľĐ˛ Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ° Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° Đ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026;. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝ Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, Đ¸ĐťĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đž-Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ˛ Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ˝ĐľĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐşĐ°. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Đş, Đ˝ĐľĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ˛ĐžĐ´, ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201E;. Đ?Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń?. Đ ĐžĐˇĐłĐťŃ?Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192; ĐżĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ¸ Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ Ń&#x2013;ĐźĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x192; Ń ĐżŃ&#x2013;Đ˛Đ˛Ń&#x2013;Đ´Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152; Ń&#x2013;ĐźĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2013;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192; Đ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026;. Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐżĐžĐ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐ°Đ´Ń&#x2013;Đ˛, Ń?ĐşŃ&#x2013; Ń&#x2013;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐźĐžĐśĐťĐ¸Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2013; ĐˇĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń? ĐšĐźĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2013;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x2013;ĐˇŃ&#x2013; Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2013;ĐˇĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Ń&#x2013;ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;ĐšĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;Đ° ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Ń&#x2013;ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;ĐšĐ˝Đž-Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192; Đ˛ Ń&#x192;ĐźĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ˝ĐľĐ˛Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2013; Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸ĐşŃ&#x192;. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013; Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸Đş, Đ˝ĐľĐ˛Đ¸ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2013;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, Ń&#x2013;ĐźĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2013;Ń Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛Đ¸Đ˛Ń&#x2013;Đ´, ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201E;. xxx

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References Ben A. P., Tereshchenkova O. V., Radin V. K. Sistema poderzhki prinyatiy resheniy opeativnogo kontolia sudoremonta [Decision support system of operational control of ship repair]. Vestnik Khersonskogo natsionalnogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta [Bulletin of Kherson National Technical University], 2008 issue 3, no. 32, pp. 49â&#x2C6;&#x2019;53. Ben A. P., Tereshchenkova O. V. Primeneniye kombinirovannykh system metodov planirovaniya v sudoremontnoy otrasli [Application of combined network planning methods in ship repair industry]. Naukovo-tekhnichnyi zhurnal â&#x20AC;&#x153;Avtomatyka. Avtomatizatsiia. Elektrotekhnichni kompleksy ta systemyâ&#x20AC;? â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Scientific and technical journal â&#x20AC;&#x153;Automation. Automation. Electrotechnical complexes and systemsâ&#x20AC;?, 2010, issue 1, no. 25, pp. 96â&#x2C6;&#x2019;100. Ben A.P., Tereshchenkova O.V. Ispolzovaniye metoda analiza ierarkhiy dlya prinyatiya resheniy v sfere sudoremonta [The usage of the hierarchy analysis method for decision-making in the field of ship repair]. Vestnik Khersonskogo natsionalnogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta [Bulletin of Kherson National Technical University], 2009, issue 1, no. 34, pp. 434â&#x20AC;&#x201C;437. Ben A. P., Bezbakh O. M., Tereshchenkova O. V. Avtomatizirovannaya informatsionnaya sistema po upravleniyu protsessom sudoremonta [Automated information system on management of ship repair process]. Vestnik Khersonskogo natsionalnogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta [Bulletin of Kherson National Technical University], 2004, issue 1, no. 19, pp. 281â&#x20AC;&#x201C;285. Balyakin O. K., Sedykh V. I., Tarasov V. V. Tekhnologiya sudoremonta [Ship Repair Technology]. Moscow, Transport Publ., 1992. 165 p. Blinov E. K. Tekhnicheskaya ekspluatatsiya flota i sovremennyye metody sudoremonta [Technical operation of the fleet and modern methods of ship repair]. Leningrad, Sudostroeniye Publ., 1990. 216 p. Blinov E. K., Rozenberg G. Sh. Tekhnicheskoe obsluzhivanie i remont sudov po sostoyaniyu [Maintenance and repair of vessels as required]. Leningrad, Sudostroeniye Publ., 1992. 302 p. Gmurman V. E. Teoriya veroyatnosti i matematicheskaya statistika [Probability theory and mathematical statistics]. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ.,1979. 368 p. Kovalenko I. I., Dragan S. V., Sagan V. Ya. Sistemnyy analiz zadach sudovogo korpusostroeniya [System analysis of tasks of marine case production]. Nikolaev, Ilion Publ., 2010. 176 p. Uzhga-Rebrov O. I. Sovremennye kontseptsii i prilozheniya teorii veroyatnostey [Modern concepts and applications of probability theory]. Rezekne, RA IzdevniecÄŤba Publ., 2004. 292 p.

Problem statement. In recent years, due to the lack of government contracts for shipbuilding the shipbuilding enterprises tend to perform ship repair works [1, 2]. Ship repair is a complex technological process, which is influenced by a sufficiently large number of the risk-contributing factors: the cost of repairs, time limits, repair duration, repair quality, availability of the necessary production facilities and staff etc. [2]. This highlights the problem of analysis, prediction and forecasting of the impact of these factors in order to effectively solve a number of organizational measures preceding the direct implementation of ship repair works. For example, when deciding on the contract conclusion the ship company (Customer) will be primarily interested in such factors as the cost of repair, repair duration and quality etc. On the other hand, the shipbuilding (ship repair) enterprise (Contractor) should assess their capabilities before deciding to perform the repair order in terms of availability of the necessary production facilities and personnel, supplies of the necessary materials and components, specifications and the need to engage contractors etc. To take into account a variety of factors affecting the course of the ship repair process, the enterprises create the automated information systems which include the database (DB) development.

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The analysis of the existing information systems of the ship repair enterprises management enables to outline the following ones which became the most widespread [1, 2, 5]: â&#x20AC;&#x153;1C Enterpriseâ&#x20AC;?, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Galaktikaâ&#x20AC;? (â&#x20AC;&#x153;Galaxyâ&#x20AC;?), â&#x20AC;&#x153;Parusâ&#x20AC;? (â&#x20AC;&#x153;Sailâ&#x20AC;?), â&#x20AC;&#x153;Marine 2000â&#x20AC;?, â&#x20AC;&#x153;TRIMâ&#x20AC;?, â&#x20AC;&#x153;MARTâ&#x20AC;?. However, these systems can not display the specific features of ship repair because of its versatility and are focused mainly on the management of the financial expenditures of the enterprise. A common drawback of these systems is also the lack of decision support modules in them which limits their functions of production management. In this regard, the formation of the specialized decision support systems (DSS) of ship repair enterprises with the modern mathematical methods and software is an urgent scientific and practical task. Latest research and publications analysis. In the DSS construction the focus is directed to a method of decision-making itself, to the decision rule construction. The knowledge base (KB) of the DSS typically includes the input data and the procedures of the logical choice (decision rules). Thus, the main element of the DSS is the decision-making method [9]. Consequently, the important question is the sound application of decision-making methods. The analysis of publications on the latest research and development in the field of the ship repair DSS development [1â&#x20AC;&#x201C;7] leads to the conclusion that the solution to this problem is in the initial state. It should be noted that the DSS implemented in the ship repair industry basically solve the problems of constructing and optimizing of repair graphs presented by network models. At the same time the methods of optimization, the analytic hierarchy process, the fuzzy sets etc. are used as the decision-making methods. However, speaking about the decision-making in the conditions of the risk-contributing factors, the conventional methods of the probability theory should be used for the risk analysis. It should be also noted that the scenario-based approach for the decision making under risk conditions based on the probability inference on the probability trees is rapidly developing now. This approach can be used as a basis for the DSS construction in the organizational problems of ship repair. The article aim is to consider the possibility of the probability inference usage in the analysis of the riskcontributing factors of the organizational problems of the ship repair and the development of a number of illustrative examples. Basic material. The models presented by the probability trees, with the help of which the probabilistic inference problems are solved, can be used for the decisionmaking under the risk conditions [10]. Previously each of the risk-contributing factors which represent a system

Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ¸Ń? Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đ°, Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;, Ń ĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Đ˛ Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľĐź Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐąĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039; Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; (Đ&#x2018;Đ&#x201D;). Đ?Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ, ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ [1, 2, 5]: ÂŤ1ĐĄ Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐľÂť, ÂŤĐ&#x201C;Đ°ĐťĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Âť, ÂŤĐ&#x;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń Âť, ÂŤMarine 2000Âť, ÂŤTRIMÂť, ÂŤMAPTÂť. Đ&#x17E;Đ´Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐž Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˛ Ń Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x192; Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľĐš Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˝Đľ ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşŃ&#x192; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸. Đ&#x17E;ĐąŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đź Đ˝ĐľĐ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžĐź ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Đľ Đ˛ Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐťĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐ´Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐž Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐź. Đ&#x2019; Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐš Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ¸ Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź ĐżĐžĐ´Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš (ĐĄĐ&#x;Đ&#x;Đ ) Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš, ĐžŃ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Đ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°ĐźĐ¸, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń ĐžĐąĐžĐš Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x192;. Đ?Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x192;ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐĄĐ&#x;Đ&#x;Đ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ˛Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đž Đ˝Đ° Ń Đ°Đź ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐ°. Đ&#x2018;Đ°ĐˇĐ° ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš (Đ&#x2018;Đ&#x2014;) ĐĄĐ&#x;Đ&#x;Đ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Đž Đ˛ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ Ń ĐľĐąŃ? Đ˛Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; ĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° (Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐ°). Đ˘Đ°ĐşĐ¸Đź ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐź, ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; ĐĄĐ&#x;Đ&#x;Đ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš [9]. ĐĄĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž, Đ˛Đ°ĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ¸Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš. Đ?Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ ĐżŃ&#x192;ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš, ĐżĐžŃ Đ˛Ń?Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Đź Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?Đź Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ°Đź Đ˛ ĐžĐąĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐĄĐ&#x;Đ&#x;Đ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° [1â&#x20AC;&#x201C;7] ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń Đ´ĐľĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ˛ĐžĐ´, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸. ĐĄĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐĄĐ&#x;Đ&#x;Đ , Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐťĐ¸, Đ˛ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ ĐžĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?ĐźĐ¸. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Đ˛ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đľ ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐžĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸, Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° Đ¸ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ¸Đš, Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐśĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ Đ¸ Đ´Ń&#x20AC;. Đ&#x2019;ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đľ Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź, ĐłĐžĐ˛ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń? Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛ Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐşĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐşĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš. ĐĄĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ? Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Ń Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛ Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐşĐ° Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ° Đ˝Đ° Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x152;Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš. Đ˘Đ°ĐşĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝ Đ˛ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x192; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? 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xxz

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of the random events is graphically displayed in the form of the distribution tree (Fig. 1). Each branch of the distribution tree displays one random event and the probability (p) of its implementation. The Ń ombination of such trees, received by combining them lead to the probability tree (Fig. 2) which is a tree graph. Each node (vertex) of such graph is associated with one complete system of random events. Each event and its performance probability are displayed by a tree branch which comes out of the corresponding node. Each path in the tree from the root node to the end point represent one of the possible combinations of events which is called a scenario [10]. Probabilities tree in Fig. 2 represents eight possible scenarios (indicated as a sequence of numbers in brackets).

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Acceptable p1 = 0,1

Acceptable p3 = 0,3

Acceptable p5 = 0,1

Repair cost

Repair duration

Repair quality

Unacceptable p2 = 0,9

Unacceptable p4 = 0,7

Unacceptable p6 = 0,9

Fig. 1. Distribution Trees of Systems of Random Risk-Contributing Events Đ Đ¸Ń . 1. Đ&#x201D;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x152;Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐšĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐşĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš Acceptable (a3) p(a3) = 0,3 Acceptable (a1) p(a1) = 0,1

Repair duration

Acceptable (a7), p(a7) = 0,1 (1) Repair quality

Unacceptable (a8), p(a8) = 0,9 Acceptable (a9), p(a9) = 0,7 (3) Repair quality

Repair cost

Unacceptable (a2) p(a2) = 0,9

Unacceptable (a4) p(a4) = 0,7 Acceptable (a5) p(a5) = 0,3

Repair duration

Unacceptable (a6) p(a6) = 0,7

p1 = 0,003 p2 = 0,027 (2)

p3 = 0,007 p4 = 0,063 (4)

Unacceptable (a10), p(a10) = 0,9 Acceptable (a11), p(a11) = 0,1 (5) Repair quality

p5 = 0,027 p6 = 0,243 (6)

Unacceptable (a12), p(a12) = 0,9 Acceptable (a13), p(a13) = 0,1 (7) Repair quality

p7 = 0,063 p8 = 0,567 (8) Unacceptable (a14), p(a14) = 0,9

Fig. 2. Probabilities Tree of Random Risk-Contributing Events under Ship Repair Works Contract Execution Đ Đ¸Ń . 2. Đ&#x201D;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Đž Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐšĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐşĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ˝Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;

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As each scenario is formed by one possible combination of events, one from each of the complete system of events, the total number of scenarios can be calculated before the probability tree construction as m

Â&#x2013; ni , i 1

where ni is the number of events in the i-th system; m is the total number of systems of random events. Probability of occurrence of the events can be obtained in two ways: the objective one, based on the frequency approach which uses statistical data about the past events implementations in the ship repair enterprise for a certain period of time; the subjective one, based on the procedures for expert estimations obtaining and processing. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s consider the examples which illustrate the analysis of some organizational problems of ship repair using the probability trees and the probability inference. Example 1. The task of the shipping company is to choose a ship repair enterprise for the ship repair contract execution. Probability tree of the most important risk-contributing factors which affecting the contract execution is shown in Fig. 2. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s perform the necessary probability calculations on it. First, letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s define the probabilities of each scenario implementation taking into account the obtained probabilities of each of the events included in this scenario [10]:

Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐ° Đ´Đž ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐśĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x192; Đ¸Đˇ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐźĐąĐ¸Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń? Đ˝Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐź [10]. Đ&#x201D;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Đž Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 2 ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ĐžŃ ĐľĐźŃ&#x152; Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐ˛ (ĐžĐąĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC; Đ˛ Ń ĐşĐžĐąĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026;). Đ&#x;ĐžŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşŃ&#x192; ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đš ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đ°Ń? ĐşĐžĐźĐąĐ¸Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš, ĐżĐž ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; Đ¸Đˇ ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš, ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐž Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐ˛ ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đž ĐľŃ&#x2030;Đľ Đ´Đž ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Đ° Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐşĐ°Đş m

Â&#x2013; ni , i 1

(4): P4 (a1 , a4 , a10 ) p(a1 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a4 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a10 ) 0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.9 0.063;

ĐłĐ´Đľ ni â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐž Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš Đ˛ i-Đš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐľ; m â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐž Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐšĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš. Đ&#x2019;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ´Đ˛Ń&#x192;ĐźŃ? Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ°ĐźĐ¸: ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź, Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ°, Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐťŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐˇĐ° ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐžĐ´ Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸; Ń Ń&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź, Đ˛ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž ĐťĐľĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş. Đ Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;, Đ¸ĐťĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ Đ˝ĐľĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x152;ĐľĐ˛ Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ°. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC; 1. Đ&#x;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐš Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ˝Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x201D;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Đž Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐşĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ° ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đž Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 2. Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ¸Đź Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đ° Đ˝ĐľĐź. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ´Đľ Đ˛Ń ĐľĐłĐž ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đź Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đˇ Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐ˛ Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đˇ Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš, Đ˛Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń?Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đš [10]:

(5): P5 (a2 , a5 , a11 ) p(a2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a5 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a11 ) 0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.1 0.027;

(1): P1 (a1 , a3 , a7 ) p(a1 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a3 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a7 ) 0.1Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.1 0.003;

(6): P6 (a2 , a5 , a12 ) p(a2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a5 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a12 ) 0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.9 0.243;

(2): P2 (a1 , a3 , a8 ) p(a1 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a3 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a8 ) 0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.9 0.027;

(7): P7 (a2 , a6 , a13 ) p(a2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a6 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a13 ) 0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.1 0.063;

(3): P3 (a1 , a4 , a9 ) p(a1 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a4 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a9 ) 0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.1 0.007;

(8): P8 (a2 , a6 , a14 ) p(a2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a6 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a14 ) 0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.9 0.567;

(4): P4 (a1 , a4 , a10 ) p(a1 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a4 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a10 ) 0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.9 0.063;

(1): P1 (a1 , a3 , a7 ) p(a1 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a3 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a7 ) 0.1Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.1 0.003; (2): P2 (a1 , a3 , a8 ) p(a1 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a3 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a8 ) 0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.9 0.027; (3): P3 (a1 , a4 , a9 ) p(a1 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a4 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a9 ) 0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.1 0.007;

ÂŚP i

(5): P5 (a2 , a5 , a11 ) p(a2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a5 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a11 ) 0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.1 0.027;

0.03 0.027 0.07 0.063

i 1

(6): P6 (a2 , a5 , a12 ) p(a2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a5 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a12 ) 0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.9 0.243;

0.027 0.243 0.063 0.567 1.

(7): P7 (a2 , a6 , a13 ) p(a2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a6 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a13 ) 0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.1 0.063;

From the obtained results analysis we can make a conclusion that the scenario (8) is the most negative. The scenario (1) has a minimal probability of its implementation at the acceptable risk-contributing factors rates. For the example considered, the most appropriate scenario is obviously the (6) one, but in such a case the Customer must sacrifice its cost and quality for its repair duration. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s extend our analysis by means of the determination of the probability of occurrence of at least one of the

(8): P8 (a2 , a6 , a14 ) p(a2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a6 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a14 ) 0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.9 0.567; 8

ÂŚP i

0.03 0.027 0.07 0.063

i 1

0.027 0.243 0.063 0.567 1.

Đ&#x2DC;Đˇ Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đš (8) Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń Đ°ĐźŃ&#x2039;Đź Đ˝ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź. ĐĄŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đš (1) ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐźĐťĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐşĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ ĐžĐąĐťĐ°Đ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš

xx|

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\

events which make up each scenario. For this, let A be the event which appears at least from one of the events a1, a2, â&#x20AC;Ś, an, and letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s use the following expression from [8]: P ( A) 1 q(a1 ) Â&#x2DC; q (a2 ) Â&#x2DC; ! Â&#x2DC; q(an ) ,

where ai is the event opposite to the ai event, and q (ai ) 1 p (ai ) is the probability of the implementation of the ai opposite event. Then for each of the eight scenarios considered we have: (1) : P( A(1) ) 1 {[1 p (a1 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p (a3 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a7 )]} 1 (0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.9)

P ( A) 1 q(a1 ) Â&#x2DC; q (a2 ) Â&#x2DC; ! Â&#x2DC; q(an ) ,

ĐłĐ´Đľ ai â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžĐľ Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ai, Đ° q (ai ) 1 p (ai ) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? ai . Đ˘ĐžĐłĐ´Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đˇ Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń&#x152;ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐ˛ Đ¸ĐźĐľĐľĐź:

0.433;

(2) : P ( A( 2) ) 1 {[1 p(a1 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a3 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p (a8 )]} 1 (0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.1)

Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľĐš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°, ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ˝Đž, Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐźĐťĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đź Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đš (6), ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đş Đ´ĐžĐťĐśĐľĐ˝ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ´Đ¸ Đ´ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń? ĐľĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Đ¸ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐź. Đ Đ°Ń Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đź Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2C6; Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐź ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ?Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x2026;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń? ĐąŃ&#x2039; ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đˇ Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš, Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đš. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž ĐžĐąĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đź Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇ Đ? Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ, Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ Đ˛ ĐżĐžŃ?Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x2026;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń? ĐąŃ&#x2039; ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đˇ Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš a1, a2, â&#x20AC;Ś, an, Đ¸ Đ˛ĐžŃ ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ Ń? Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đź Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ¸Đˇ [8]:

0.937;

(3) : P( A( 3) ) 1 {[1 p(a1 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a4 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a9 )]} 1 (0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.9)

(1) : P( A(1) ) 1 {[1 p (a1 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p (a3 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a7 )]} 1 (0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.9)

0.757;

(4) : P ( A( 4) ) 1 {[1 p(a1 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a4 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a10 )]} 1 (0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.1)

(2) : P ( A( 2) ) 1 {[1 p(a1 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a3 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p (a8 )]} 1 (0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.1)

0.973;

(5) : P( A( 5) ) 1 {[1 p(a2 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a5 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a11 )]} 1 (0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.9)

1 (0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.9) 1 (0.9 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.1)

0.993;

0.973;

(5) : P( A( 5) ) 1 {[1 p(a2 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a5 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a11 )]} 1 (0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.9)

0.973;

(8) : P( A(8) ) 1 {[1 p(a2 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a6 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a14 )]} 1 (0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.1)

0.757;

(4) : P ( A( 4) ) 1 {[1 p(a1 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a4 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a10 )]}

(7) : P ( A( 7 ) ) 1 {[1 p (a2 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p (a6 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a13 )]} 1 (0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.9)

0.937;

(3) : P( A( 3) ) 1 {[1 p(a1 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a4 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a9 )]}

0.937;

(6) : P( A( 6) ) 1 {[1 p(a2 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a5 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p (a12 )]} 1 (0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.1)

0.433;

0.937;

(6) : P( A( 6) ) 1 {[1 p(a2 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a5 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p (a12 )]} 1 (0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.7 Â&#x2DC; 0.1)

0.997.

The obtained results further confirm the previously made entries. Thus, the negative characteristic feature of the eighth scenario is also enhanced by the fact that one of the unacceptable events (P(A(8)) = 0,997) will occur almost surely. The conclusion made in respect of the first scenario is supported by the low value of the (P(A(1)) = 0,433) probability of one of the three eligible events. As for the sixth scenario, its attraction in the considered example is confirmed by the high value of the P(A(6)) = 0,993 probability of the implemented a5 event. Example 2. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s consider the probability analysis task aimed at the forecasting of the portfolio of orders of the ship repair enterprise which seeks to maintain a leading position in the particular market segment. All the underlying information of the task is presented by the initial tree in Fig. 3. It is supposed that the expected state of orders for ship repair can be represented by two events: a1 is expansion and a2 is reduction of the portfolio of orders. Depending on that the state of the enterprise affairs is represented

0.993;

(7) : P ( A( 7 ) ) 1 {[1 p (a2 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p (a6 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a13 )]} 1 (0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.9)

0.973;

(8) : P( A(8) ) 1 {[1 p(a2 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a6 )] Â&#x2DC; [1 p(a14 )]} 1 (0.1 Â&#x2DC; 0.3 Â&#x2DC; 0.1)

0.997.

Đ&#x;ĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ´ĐžĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ´Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń Đ´ĐľĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐľ Đ˛Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039;. Đ˘Đ°Đş, ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ° Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń&#x152;ĐźĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x192;Ń Đ¸ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐľŃ&#x2030;Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đž Đ¸Đˇ Đ˝ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐźĐťĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐžĐšĐ´ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ Đ˝Đ°Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń?ĐşĐ° (P(A(8)) = 0,997). Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛ĐžĐ´, Ń Đ´ĐľĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˛ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?, ĐżĐžĐ´ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐżĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐşĐ¸Đź ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ (P(A(1)) = 0,433) ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đˇ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐźĐťĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš. Đ§Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐśĐľ ĐşĐ°Ń Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x2C6;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?, Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐľĐłĐž Đ˝ĐľĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐťĐľĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľĐźĐžĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đľ ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ¸Đź ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ P(A(6)) = 0,993 Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľĐźĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? a5. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC; 2. Đ Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đź ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x192; Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°, Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐ˝ĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐťŃ? ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐťĐ¸Đ´Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ° ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń ĐľĐłĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ°. Đ&#x2019;Ń Ń? Đ¸Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ¸Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐź Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 3.

xx}

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\ Status of orders portfolio for ship repair

Leadership in ship repair market Preservation b1/a1, p(a3) = 0,9

Expansion a1, p(a1) = 0,6

Advertising campaign Success c1/a1, b1, p(a7) = 0,9 p1 = 0,486 p2 = 0,054 Failure c2/a1, b1, p(a8) = 0,1 Success c1/a1, b2, p(a9) = 0,6

Loss b2/a2, p(a4) = 0,1 Preservation b1/a2, p(a5) = 0,2

p3 = 0,036 p4 = 0,024 Failure c2/a1, b2, p(a10) = 0,4 Success c1/a2, b1, p(a11) = 0,8 p5 = 0,064 p6 = 0,016 Failure c2/a2, b1, p(a12) = 0,2 Success c1/a2, b2, p(a13) = 0,3

Reduction a2, p(a2) = 0,4 Loss b2/a2, p(a6) = 0,8

p7 = 0,096 p8 = 0,227

(1)

(2) (3)

(4) (5)

(6) (7)

(8)

Failure c2/a2, b2, p(a14) = 0,7 8

â&#x2C6;&#x2018; pi = 1,000

i=1

Fig. 3. Initial Probabilities Tree Đ Đ¸Ń . 3. Đ&#x2DC;Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Đž Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš

by the following events: b1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the company will maintain its leading position and b2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the leading position may be lost. To preserve the leading position in the market the company is planning to organize an advertising campaign which can also be associated with two events: c1 is success and c2 is failure. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s present a technique for the probabilities calculation on the example from [10]. The total probability of the advertising campaign success: Đ (success) = P1 + P3 + P5 + P7 = = 0,486 + 0,036 + 0,064 + 0,096 = 0,682.

Đ&#x;ĐžĐťĐ°ĐłĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń?, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐžĐśĐ¸Đ´Đ°ĐľĐźĐžĐľ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐťŃ? ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A; ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đž Đ´Đ˛Ń&#x192;ĐźŃ? Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸: a1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸ a2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐťŃ? ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x2019; ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐľĐť ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸: b1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ Ń ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A; ĐťĐ¸Đ´Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸ b2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐťĐ¸Đ´Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Đ˝Đž. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Ń ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐťĐ¸Đ´Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐťĐ°ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐşĐ°ĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D;, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń? ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Ń Đ´Đ˛Ń&#x192;ĐźŃ? Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸: c1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2026;; c2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐź Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşŃ&#x192; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đľ Đ¸Đˇ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; [10] Đ&#x;ĐžĐťĐ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐťĐ°ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐš ĐşĐ°ĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸: Đ (Ń&#x192;Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2026;) = P1 + P3 + P5 + P7 =

The total probability of the advertising campaign failure:

= 0,486 + 0,036 + 0,064 + 0,096 = 0,682. Đ&#x;ĐžĐťĐ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐťĐ°ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐš ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸:

Đ (failure) = P2 + P4 + P6 + P8 =

Đ (Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°) = P2 + P4 + P6 + P8 =

= 0,054 + 0,024 + 0,016 + 0,224 = 0,318. Assuming that the state of the portfolio of orders and the market position depend on the expected states of the advertising campaign, letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rebuild the probabilities tree as it is shown in Fig. 4. Probabilities of events for such a tree will be calculated using the data in Fig. 3. Thus, we have [10]:

= 0,054 + 0,024 + 0,016 + 0,224 = 0,318. Đ&#x;ĐžĐťĐ°ĐłĐ°Ń?, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐťŃ? ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐľ ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Ń?Ń&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐžĐśĐ¸Đ´Đ°ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Đš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐťĐ°ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐš ĐşĐ°ĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸, ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Đź Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Đž Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš, ĐşĐ°Đş ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đž Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 4. Đ&#x2019;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐžĐłĐž Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐľĐź, Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń? Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 3. Đ˘Đ°ĐşĐ¸Đź ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐź, Đ¸ĐźĐľĐľĐź [10]:

Ń&#x20AC;1(Ń 1) = Đ (success) = 0,682;

Ń&#x20AC;1(Ń 1) = Đ (Ń&#x192;Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2026;) = 0,682;

Ń&#x20AC;1(Ń 2) = Đ (failure) = 0,318.

Ń&#x20AC;1(Ń 2) = Đ (Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°) = 0,318. xx~

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

j\dW efd\hWÂ&#x201E; ik[fijhf\e`\ Status of orders portfolio for ship repair Expansion a1 /c1, p(a3) = 0,765

Advertising campaign

Leadership in ship repair market Preservation b1/c1, a1, p(a7) = 0,931 (1) p1 = 0,486 p2 = 0,036

Success c1, p(a1) = 0,682

Loss b2/c1, a1, p(a8) = 0,069 Preservation b1/c1, a2, p(a9) = 0,4

Reduction a2 /c1, p(a4) = 0,235 Expansion a1 /c2, p(a5) = 0,245

Failure c2, p(a2) = 0,318

p3 = 0,064 p4 = 0,096

(3)

(5)

(7)

Loss b2/c1, a2, p(a10) = 0,06 Preservation b1/c2, a1, p(a11) = 0,692 (2) p5 = 0,054 p6 = 0,024 (4) Loss b2/c2, a1, p(a12) = 0,308 Preservation b1/c2, a2, p(a13) = 0,067 (6)

Reduction a2 /c2, p(a6) = 0,755

p7 = 0,016 p8 = 0,224 Loss b2/c2, a2, p(a14) = 0,933

(8)

â&#x2C6;&#x2018; pi = 1,000

i=1

Fig. 4. Rebuilt Probabilities Tree Đ Đ¸Ń . 4. Đ&#x;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Đž Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš p (a1 / c1 ) ( P1 P3 ) ( P1 P3 P5 P7 ) 0.522 / 0.682 0.765;

p (a1 / c1 ) ( P1 P3 ) ( P1 P3 P5 P7 ) 0.522 / 0.682 0.765;

p (a2 / c1 )

( P5 P7 ) ( P1 P3 P5 P7 )

0.160 / 0.682

0.235;

p (a2 / c1 )

( P5 P7 ) ( P1 P3 P5 P7 )

0.160 / 0.682

p(a1 / c2 )

( P2 P4 ) ( P2 P4 P6 P8 )

0.078 / 0.318 0.245;

p (a1 / c2 )

( P2 P4 ) ( P2 P4 P6 P8 )

0.078 / 0.318 0.245;

p (a2 / c2 )

( P6 P8 ) ( P2 P4 P6 P8 )

0.240 / 0.318 0.755.

p (a2 / c2 )

( P6 P8 ) ( P2 P4 P6 P8 )

0.240 / 0.318 0.755.

0.235;

Further in view of the probability values we obtain the following:

ĐĄ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Đ´Đ°ĐťĐľĐľ ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐľĐź:

p(b1 / c1 , a1 ) P1 ( p1 (c1 ) Â&#x2DC; p (a1 / c1 ))

0.486 /(0.682 Â&#x2DC; 0.765)

0.931;

p(b1 / c1 , a1 ) P1 ( p1 (c1 ) Â&#x2DC; p (a1 / c1 ))

0.486 /(0.682 Â&#x2DC; 0.765)

0.931;

p(b2 / c1 , a1 ) P3 ( p1 (c1 ) Â&#x2DC; p (a1 / c1 ))

0.036 /(0.682 Â&#x2DC; 0.765)

0.069;

p(b2 / c1 , a1 ) P3 ( p1 (c1 ) Â&#x2DC; p (a1 / c1 ))

0.036 /(0.682 Â&#x2DC; 0.765)

0.069;

p (b1 / c1 , a2 ) P5 ( p (c1 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a2 / c1 ))

0.064 /(0.682 Â&#x2DC; 0.235)

0.400;

p (b1 / c1 , a2 ) P5 ( p (c1 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a2 / c1 ))

0.064 /(0.682 Â&#x2DC; 0.235)

0.400;

p(b2 / c1 , a2 ) P7 ( p1 (c1 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a2 / c1 ))

0.096 /(0.682 Â&#x2DC; 0.235)

0.600;

p(b2 / c1 , a2 ) P7 ( p1 (c1 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a2 / c1 ))

0.096 /(0.682 Â&#x2DC; 0.235)

0.600;

p(b1 / c2 , a1 ) P2 ( p1 (c2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a1 / c2 ))

0.054 /(0.318 Â&#x2DC; 0.245)

0.692;

p(b1 / c2 , a1 ) P2 ( p1 (c2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a1 / c2 ))

0.054 /(0.318 Â&#x2DC; 0.245)

0.692;

p(b2 / c2 , a1 ) P4 ( p (c2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a1 / c2 ))

0.024 /(0.318 Â&#x2DC; 0.245)

0.308;

p(b2 / c2 , a1 ) P4 ( p (c2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a1 / c2 ))

0.024 /(0.318 Â&#x2DC; 0.245)

0.308;

p(b1 / c2 , a2 ) P6 ( p1 (c2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a2 / c2 ))

0.016 /(0.318 Â&#x2DC; 0.755)

0.067;

p(b1 / c2 , a2 ) P6 ( p1 (c2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a2 / c2 ))

0.016 /(0.318 Â&#x2DC; 0.755)

0.067;

p(b2 / c2 , a2) P8 ( p1 (c2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a2 / c2 ))

0.224 /(0.318 Â&#x2DC; 0.755)

0.933.

p(b2 / c2 , a2) P8 ( p1 (c2 ) Â&#x2DC; p(a2 / c2 ))

0.224 /(0.318 Â&#x2DC; 0.755)

0.933.

The calculations show that in case of the success of the advertising campaign the probability of the leadership maintaining in the ship repair market is P1 + P5 = 0,486 + 0,064 = 0,550, and the probability

Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐťĐ¸Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń&#x192;Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2026;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐťĐ°ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐš ĐşĐ°ĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝Đ° P1 + P5 = 0,486 + 0,064 = 0,550, Đ° Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?

£y y y x{

´ j\dW efd\hW ik[fijhf\e`\

of maintaining a leading position in case of the failure of the advertising campaign will be P2 + P6 = 0.054 + 0.016 = 0.070. CONCLUSION. 1. The proposed technique for the probabilities trees construction and calculating the probabilistic inference relations on them can be successfully applied to the analysis of various organizational and logistic problems of the ship repair under uncertainty conditions. 2. Application of the numerical support of the analytic calculations discussed in the article will be of great interest to the practitioners involved in the automation of the management of ship repair, shipbuilding and other enterprises.

лидирующего положения при неудаче рекламной кампании будет P2 + P6 = 0,054 + 0,016 = 0,070. ВЫВОДЫ. 1. Предложенная техника построения деревьев вероятностей и расчета соотношений вероятностного вывода на них может быть с успехом применена для анализа различных организационных и организационно-технических задач судоремонта в условиях неопределенности. 2. Применение числового сопровождения рассмотренных в работе аналитических выкладок представит несомненный интерес для практиков, занимающихся вопросами автоматизации управления судоремонтными, судостроительными и другими предприятиями.

Список литературы [1]

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[2]

Бень, А. П. Применение комбинированных сетевых методов планирования в судоремонтной отрасли [Текст] / А. П. Бень, О. В. Терещенкова // Автоматика. Автоматизація. Електротехнічні комплекси та системи : наук.-техн. журнал. — 2010. — № 1 (25). — С. 96–100.

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[10] Ужга-Ребров О. И. Современные концепции и приложения теории вероятностей [Текст] / О. И. Ужга-Ребров. — Резекне: RA Izdevniecība, 2004. — 292 с. ______________________________________ © И. И. Коваленко, А. В. Швед, А. В. Мельник Статью рекомендует в печать д-р техн. наук, проф. К. В. Кошкин

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В монографии рассмотрены принципы проектирования судов с ограниченным районом плавания с использованием инструментов теории риска. Показаны различные факторы, влияющие на риск эксплуатации данных судов. Приведен технико-экономический метод анализа и контроля риска переломов корпусов судов. Обоснование решений при подготовке проектов новых судов с ограниченным районом плавания для строительства на отечественных верфях, предлагаемые в настоящем пособии, базируются на систематизации и анализе накопленного в подобных условиях значительного технического и практического опыта обеспечения надежности, безопасности и эффективности подобных судов на этапах изменения классов, модернизаций, ремонтов, реноваций, разовых переходов, расширений районов плавания.

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Zaliv Ship Design (ZSD) — îäíà èç âåäóùèõ óêðàèíñêèõ êîìïàíèé ïî ïðîåêòèðîâàíèþ ñóäîâ, ñóìåâøàÿ îáúåäèíèòü îïûò, ïðîôåññèîíàëèçì, íîâàòîðñêèé ïîäõîä è ïåðåäîâûå òåõíîëîãèè íîâåéøåé êîðàáåëüíîé èíæåíåðèè (ÍÊÈ). Çà ïåðèîä ñóùåñòâîâàíèÿ êîìïàíèÿ óñïåøíî âûïîëíèëà áîëåå 40 ðàçëè÷íûõ ïðîåêòîâ è ïðèîáðåëà ðåïóòàöèþ íàäåæíîãî ïàðòíåðà ñðåäè ëó÷øèõ åâðîïåéñêèõ ïðîåêòíûõ è ñóäîñòðîèòåëüíûõ ïðåäïðèÿòèé. Íàøèìè îñíîâíûìè ïàðòíåðàìè ÿâëÿþòñÿ êîìïàíèè êðóïíåéøèõ ñóäîñòðîèòåëüíûõ ãðóïï, òàêèõ êàê Damen Group, STX Europe, NorYards, à òàêæå âåðôè â Ãåðìàíèè, Ôðàíöèè, Ãîëëàíäèè, Óêðàèíå, Ðóìûíèè, Êàíàäå, Ðîññèè, ×åõèè, Ñèíãàïóðå, Êèòàå, Ìàëàéçèè è Íîðâåãèè. Ðàñïîëàãàÿ îïûòíûìè ñïåöèàëèñòàìè-âûõîäöàìè èç âåäóùèõ êîíñòðóêòîðñêèõ áþðî ãîðîäà Íèêîëàåâà, êîìïàíèÿ ZSD ïðåäëàãàåò íà ðûíêå øèðîêèé ñïåêòð ïðîåêòíûõ ðåøåíèé êîììåð÷åñêèõ ñóäîâ, îòëè÷àþùèõñÿ ýôôåêòèâíîñòüþ è âûñîêèìè òåõíèêîýêîíîìè÷åñêèìè ïîêàçàòåëÿìè, ïðèìåíåíèåì ýêîëîãè÷åñêè ÷èñòûõ òåõíîëîãèé è îïòèìèçàöèåé ïîä çàäà÷è Çàêàç÷èêà.

ÓÑËÓÃÈ Zaliv Ship Design ïðåäîñòàâëÿåò ñëåäóþùèå âèäû ðàáîò: z Áàçîâîå ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå; z Ðàñ÷åò ïðî÷íîñòè ÌÊÝ; z Ðàáî÷åå ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå:

Êîðïóñ;

Ñóäîâûå ñèñòåìû;

Êîðïóñíîå íàñûùåíèå.

z Èçìåíåíèå è ìîäåðíèçàöèÿ ðàáî÷èõ ïðîåêòîâ; z Òåõíè÷åñêîå ñîïðîâîæäåíèå ïîñòðîéêè; z Êîîðäèíàöèÿ ïðîåêòîâ.

ÈÍÆÈÍÈÐÈÍÃ Zaliv Ship Design ïðåäîñòàâëÿåò ïîëíûé êîìïëåêñ ðàáîò ïî èíæèíèðèíãó, âêëþ÷àÿ êîðïóñ è êîðïóñíîå íàñûùåíèå, ñèñòåìû è òðóáîïðîâîäû, âåíòèëÿöèþ è êàáåëüíûå òðàññû. Ðàáîòà â åäèíîé 3D ìîäåëè ïîçâîëÿåò ñóùåñòâåííî ñîêðàòèòü âðåìÿ èíæèíèðèíãà è èñêëþ÷èòü ìíîãî÷èñëåííûå êîëëèçèè íà ýòàïå ñáîðêè ñåêöèé â öåõàõ è íà ñòàïåëå. Â ïðîèçâîäñòâåííûå ïðîöåññû êîìïàíèè çàëîæåíû ïîäõîäû è ïðèíöèïû âåäóùèõ çàïàäíûõ èíæèíèðèíãîâûõ áþðî è âåðôåé. Ýòî íàøëî îòðàæåíèå â âûñîêîì êà÷åñòâå äîêóìåíòàöèè, ýôôåêòèâíîñòè è ãèáêîñòè â ïîäõîäå ê îñîáåííîñòÿì Çàêàç÷èêîâ.

Ñ 2014 ãîäà ZSD âõîäèò â ïàðòíåðñêóþ ãðóïïó NorYards â ñîñòàâå äâóõ ñóäîñòðîèòåëüíûõ âåðôåé â Íîðâåãèè (NorYards Fosen, NorYards BMV) è ñóäîñòðîèòåëüíîãî çàâîäà NorYards Zaliv (ã. Êåð÷ü), à òàêæå ñóäîñòðîèòåëüíîãî áþðî NorYards Design & Engineering.

ZSD ñïåöèàëèçèðóåòñÿ ïî òðåì îñíîâíûì íàïðàâëåíèÿì: òðàíñïîðòíûå ñóäà, êðóèçíûå ñóäà è ïàðîìû, îôøîðíûå è ñïåöèàëüíûå ñóäà. Îñíîâíûå ïðèíöèïû íàøåé ðàáîòû íà ðûíêå — ýòî óäîâëåòâîðåíèå ïîòðåáíîñòåé çàêàç÷èêà, ðàçâèòèå, èííîâàöèè è êîìàíäíàÿ ðàáîòà. Ýòî îáåñïå÷èâàåò óñòîé÷èâîå ïîëîæåíèå êîìïàíèè â óñëîâèÿõ èçìåíÿþùåãîñÿ ðûíêà

å-mail: office@zalivdesign.com

tel: +38 (0512) 76-54-00

fax: +38 (0512) 76-50-03

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ÑÅÐÈß ÑÓÄÎÂ ÃÀÇÎÂÎÇÎÂ Ñ ÌÀËÎÉ ÎÑÀÄÊÎÉ Âûñîêîìàíåâðåííûå, äâóõâàëüíûå, ñòàëüíûå ñóäà ñâàðíîé êîíñò ðóêöèè ñ áóëüáîâîé íîñîâîé è òðàíöåâîé êîðìîâîé îêîíå÷ íîñòÿìè ñ êîðìîâûì ðàñïîëîæåíèåì ÌÎ è íàäñòðîéêè.

GRG1

GRG3

Ñóäà ïðåäíàçíà÷åíû äëÿ ïåðåâîçêè ïðèðîä íîãî ñæèæåííîãî ãàçà (ÑÏÃ) â íåçàâèñèìûõ âêëàäíûõ òàíêàõ òèïà Ñ ñ òåìïåðàòóðîé ÑÏÃ –163° Ñ â ïðèáðåæíûõ ìîðñêèõ âîäàõ ñ çàõîäîì â ðåêó.

GRG6

Ïðèåì è âûäà÷à ãðóçà ïðåäóñìîòðåíû îò ìîðñêèõ ïëàâó÷èõ è áåðåãîâûõ òåðìèíà ëîâ.

RZ 10

Ãëàâíûå äâèãàòåëè ïðåäíàçíà÷åíû äëÿ ðàáîòû íà æèäêîì è ãàçîîáðàçíîì âèäàõ òîïëèâ (ÌÄÎ/GF).

Ïðîåêò Íàçíà÷åíèå Êëàññ ñóäíà Äëèíà íàèáîëüøàÿ, ì Äëèíà ìåæäó ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðàìè, ì Øèðèíà, ì Âûñîòà áîðòà, ì Îñàäêà, ì Äåäâåéò, ò Âìåñòèìîñòü òàíêîâ, ì3 Ñêîðîñòü íà èñïûòàíèÿõ, óç Ìîùíîñòü ÃÄ, ÊÂò Ýêèïàæ, ÷åë. Äàëüíîñòü ïëàâàíèÿ, ìèëü

GRG1 GRG3 GRG6 RZ 10 ÎÁÙÈÅ ÕÀÐÀÊÒÅÐÈÑÒÈÊÈ Òðàíñïîðòèðîâêà ñæèæåííîãî ïðèðîäíîãî ãàçà AUT-0, IGS, DFD CCS ÐÀÇÌÅÐÅÍÈß 100,3 117,4 142,4 131,1 98,0 110,8 139,7 123,5 12,0 16,5 18,3 19,2 4,7 6,45 6,9 7,8 2,3 2,8 3,6 4,5 600 1750 3200 4500 1000 3000 6000 10000 8 9 12 2õ1620 10 12 12 18+4 1500 1500

å-mail: office@zalivdesign.com

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Sergey I. Serbin

Anna B. Mostipanenko

C. Đ&#x2DC;. ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐąĐ¸Đ˝, Đ´-Ń&#x20AC; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201E;. serhiy.serbin@nuos.edu.ua ORC ID: 0000-0002-3423-2681 Đ?. Đ&#x2018;. Đ&#x153;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐž, ĐşĐ°Đ˝Đ´. Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş, Đ´ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; anna.mostypanenko@nuos.edu.ua ORC ID: 0000-0001-7510-7070

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Abstract. The analysis of aerodynamic and heat structure of flow in high-frequency inductive plasma torch has been carried out. The range of plasma torch power is measured in dozens of kilowatts. The numerical simulation methods of the turbulent flow in the plasma torch affected by high frequency electromagnetic field without considering the chemical kinetics are used during the research. The data of temperature field and induced current density in the plasma torch depending on current amperage and frequency are obtained. Also, these data are obtained depending on the flow scheme in the operated on argon and air plasma torches. The inductive plasma torches can be applied to solve a wide range of tasks such as activation of coal-dust mixture with its further gasification, coating process for the stabilization of combustion processes as well as for the recycling processes at the mobile seaport recycling complexes. The calculations demonstrated convincingly the advantage of the operation of plasma torches with reverse vortex flow over plasma torches with â&#x20AC;&#x153;directâ&#x20AC;? vortex flow. Moreover the obtained data allow executing the assessment of thermal efficiency of inductive plasma jet and obtaining its optimal operational modes. Keywords: plasma, combustion, numerical methods, plasma torch. Đ?Đ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝ Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ Đ°Ń?Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐťĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ° Đ˛ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐź Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đľ. Đ§Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐťĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń?Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đş Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐ°, ĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ, Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039;, ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝. Đ?Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;Ń?. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đž Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x2013;Đˇ Đ°ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźŃ&#x2013;Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2014; Ń&#x2013; Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐťĐžĐ˛ĐžŃ&#x2014; Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐşŃ&#x192; Ń&#x192; Đ˛Đ¸Ń ĐžĐşĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; Ń&#x2013;Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Ń&#x2013;ĐšĐ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2013;. Đ§Đ¸Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đľ ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x17D;Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń? Đ´ĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐťĐž Đ˛Đ¸Ń?Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˛ĐżĐťĐ¸Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸ĐźĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đş Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013; Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐ°, ĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2013;Đ˝Đ˝Ń?, Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2013; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Đ¸, ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝. References Vasilevskiy S. A. Chislennoye modelirovaniye techeniy ravnovesnoy induktsionnoy plazmy v tsilindricheskom kanale plazmatrona [Numerical Simulation of Flows of Equilibrium Inductive Plasma in Cylindrical Channel of Plasma Torch]. Izv. AN SSSR. Mekh. zhidk. gaza [Proceedings of the Science Academy of USSR. Mechanics of liquid gas], 2000, no. 5, pp. 164â&#x2C6;&#x2019;173. Vlasov V. I. Teoreticheskoye issledovaniya techeniya vysokotemperaturnogo gaza v razryadnoy i rabochey kamerakh VCH [Theoretical Studies of High-Temperature Gas Flow in Discharge and Working Chambers of the RF Plasma Torch]. Kosmonavtika i Raketostroeniye [Space and Rocketry], 2001, no. 23, pp. 18â&#x2C6;&#x2019;26. xyy

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Gorshkov A. B. Chislennoye modelirovaniye obtekaniya modeley v struye vysokochastotnogo plazmatrona [Numerical Simulation of Patterns Flow Over in High-Frequency Plasma Torch Jet]. Kosmonavtika i Raketostroeniye [Space and Rocketry], 2004, no. 3(36), pp. 54â&#x2C6;&#x2019;61. Sakharov V. I. Chislennoye modelirovaniye techeniy v individyalnom plazmatronye i teploobmena v nedorasshirennykh struyakh vozdukha dlya usloviy eksperimentov na ustanovke VGU-4 (IPMekh RAN) (Numerical Simulation of Flows in Inductive Plasma Torch and Heat Transfer in Underexpanded Air Jets for Experimental Conditions at the IPG-4 (IPMekh RAN) Facility). Fiziko-khimicheskaya kinetika v gazovoy dinamike â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Physical and chemical kinetics in gas dynamics, 2007, issue 5, p. 23. Available at: www.chemphys.edu.ru/article/50 (accessed December 12, 2013). Eneglsht V. S., Gurovich V. Ts., Desyatkov G. A. et al. Teoriya stolba dugi (Nizkotemperaturnaya plazma. Đ˘. 1) [Theory of Arc Column (Low-Temperature Plasma, Vol. 1)]. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1990. 376 p. Advanced CFD & Multiphysics with complete solution & coupling capability. Available at: www.esi-group.com/ products/multiphysics/ace-multiphysics-suite (accessed December 12, 2013). Bernardi D., Colombo V., Coppa G. G. M., Ghedini E., Mentrelli A. Numerical Modelling of RFâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;RF Hybrid Plasma Torches and Parametric Study for Various Geometric, Flow and Electric Configurations. 24 The European Physical Journal. Progress in Plasma Processing of Materials, Proceedings of the 6-th International Thermal Plasma Processing Conference, Strasbourg (France), (30.05â&#x2C6;&#x2019;2.06.2001). New York-Wallingford, Begell House, 2001, pp. 339â&#x20AC;&#x201C;346. Choudhury D. Introduction to the Renormalization Group Method and Turbulence Modeling, Fluent Inc. Technical Memorandum TM-107, 1993. Gordeev A. N., Kolesnikov A. F., Kononov S. V. Comparative Characterization of the IPG-4 Inductive Plasmatron in Subsonic and Supersonic Regimes of Air Plasma Flows, Int. Conf. on Methods of Aerophysical Research (ICMAR 2004), Proceedings. Part I., Publishing House â&#x20AC;&#x153;Nonparelâ&#x20AC;?, Novosibirsk, 2004. pp. 106â&#x2C6;&#x2019;111. Korolev Yu. D., Matveev I. B. Non-steady State Processes in a Plasma Pilot for Ignition and Flame Control, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 2006, issue 34, no. 6, pp. 2507â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2513. Matveev I., Serbin S., Mostipanenko G. Numerical Optimization of the Tornado Combustor Aerodynamic Parameters, 45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, AIAA 2007â&#x2C6;&#x2019;391, Reno, Nevada, USA, 8â&#x2C6;&#x2019;11 January, 2007, 12 p. Utyuzhnikov S. V., Konyukhov A. V., Rudenko D. V., Vasilevskiy S. A., Kolesnikov A. F., Pershin I. S., Chazot O. Numerical simulation of sub- & supersonic flows into inductive plasmatrons, 16-th AIAA Computational Fluid Dunamics Conference, Orlando, USA, 2003. Matveev I. B., Matveeva S. A., Kirchuk E. Y., Serbin S. I., Bazarov V. G. Plasma Fuel Nozzle as a Prospective Way to Plasma-Assisted Combustion, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 2010, issue 38, no. 12, pp. 3313â&#x2C6;&#x2019;3318. Serbin S. I. Features of liquid-fuel plasma-chemical gasification for diesel engines, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 2006, issue 34, no. 6, pp. 2488â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2496. Serbin S. I. Modeling and Experimental Study of Operation Process in a Gas Turbine Combustor with a PlasmaChemical Element, Combustion Science and Technology, 1998, issue 139, pp 137â&#x20AC;&#x201C;158. Serbin S. I., Matveev I. B., Mostipanenko G. B. Investigations of the Working Process in a â&#x20AC;&#x153;Lean-Burnâ&#x20AC;? Gas Turbine Combustor With Plasma Assistance, Trans. Plasma Sci., 2011, issue 39, no. 12, pp. 3331â&#x2C6;&#x2019;3335. Problem statement. The naval port facilities have been growing rapidly the last 10 years. To provide the fast growing needs of the economy and foreign trade cargo handling it is necessary to increase the production capacity of domestic seaports through the construction of new transshipment facilities and reconstruction of the existing ones. At the same time modern ports should be designed and constructed taking into account the achievements of the world best practice for the ecosaving systems and the maintenance of the appropriate environmental quality. The particular importance is given to the reduction of the impact of production processes on the environment. To solve the full range of environmental issues which arise in the connection with the port development and the centralization of the process of development of its single environmental infrastructure it is planned to implement the mobile eco complexes for the collection, treatment and disposal of ship waste. It is also possible to destroy

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the sludge there which will be dewatered and incinerated with solid waste taken from the ships. Since the 1950s, the plasma-related processing has been a promising tool to enable and speed up combustion processes for numerous technologies in chemical and refining industry. So the plasma torches can be included as a part of power systems of the maritime infrastructure at the seashores, on the floating electric power plants and on the waste recycling complexes. The major disadvantage of the existing high-power devices is their limited lifetime because of the electrode erosion or its melting. This problem was successfully solved by the International Plasma Technology Center (IPTC) which introduced its 50â&#x20AC;&#x201C;150â&#x20AC;&#x201C;300 kW hybrid plasma torches (Fig. 1) to the market with the main focus on waste and coal gasification, electronic grade silicon production, materials modification, nano-powder production, and related applications. These plasma torches are based on reverse vortex scheme, which prolong the lifetime of the plasma torch by means of effective cooling of the walls with the vortex. The other advantage of that scheme is a constructive simplicity. For the first time such highly swirled aerodynamic flow structures were used for the inductive plasma torches where laminar flows were used mostly. Latest research and publications analysis. Plasma is a very complex phenomenon from the physical point of view. The electromagnetic, thermodynamic, hydrodynamic and chemical processes which are also nonstationary in time are present and interconnected. Thus, the main aim of the simulation of plasma phenomena in plasma devices has not been researched to the full extent today notwithstanding the quite big amount of works in this field [1â&#x20AC;&#x201C;4, 7, 9, 10, 12â&#x20AC;&#x201C;16]. The article aim â&#x20AC;&#x201D; in this work with the help of mathematical model of high-frequency plasma torch, implemented in ĐĄFD-ACE + ÂŠ software developed by ESIGroup [6], the analysis of aerodynamic and heat structure of the flow in the high-frequency inductive plasma torch channel is carried out. The numerical simulation allowed defining the impact of mode and geometrical characteristics on the plasma torch operation and formulating the recommendations on the high-frequency plasma generators design.

Fig. 1. Inductive Plasma Torch Đ Đ¸Ń . 1. Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝

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Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐş Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐąŃ&#x2039; Đ¸Đˇ-ĐˇĐ° Ń?Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇĐ¸Đ¸ Ń?ĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ° Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐľĐłĐž ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?. ĐŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐźĐ° ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐ° Ń&#x192;Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ&#x153;ĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐź ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đš (IPTC), ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸Đť Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐľ Ń Đ˛ĐžŃ&#x17D; ĐťĐ¸Đ˝ĐľĐšĐşŃ&#x192; 50â&#x20AC;&#x201C;150â&#x20AC;&#x201C;300 ĐşĐ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A; ĐłĐ¸ĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 1), ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐłĐťŃ?, Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛, Đ˝Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐşĐžĐ˛. ĐŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đş Đ˝Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đż ÂŤĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐžÂť Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Ń?, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐş Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐąŃ&#x2039; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐťĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐź Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐťĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝ĐžĐş ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đź ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐź. Đ&#x201D;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐžĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐš Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Đ&#x2019;ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐ¸Đľ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Ń Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đž ĐˇĐ°ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x152; Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝ĐžĐ˛, ĐłĐ´Đľ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń?ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x152; ĐťĐ°ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ¸ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°. Đ?Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x192;ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš. Đ&#x;ĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐ° Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152; Ń ĐťĐžĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń?Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Ń Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐşĐ¸ ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x2014;Đ´ĐľŃ Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ Đ˝Đž Đ˛ĐˇĐ°Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Đ˛Ń?ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń?ĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐ°ĐłĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ, Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ, ĐłĐ¸Đ´Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ Đ¸ Ń&#x2026;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Ń&#x2039;, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Đ˝Đľ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˛Đž Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸. Đ&#x;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ° ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ° Ń ĐľĐłĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ´ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ˛ ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžĐź ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐźĐľ, Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń? Đ˝Đ° Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;ĐžĐľ ĐşĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐš ĐžĐąĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ [1â&#x20AC;&#x201C;4, 7, 9, 10, 12â&#x20AC;&#x201C;16]. ĐŚĐ&#x2022;Đ&#x203A;ĐŹ CĐ˘Đ?Đ˘ĐŹĐ&#x2DC; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ Đ°Ń?Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐťĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC; ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ° Đ˛ ĐşĐ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°. ĐĄ Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°, Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźĐľ ĐĄFDACE + ÂŠ [6]. Đ§Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐťĐž ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸ĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ ĐłĐľĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đş Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Đ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐľĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ°. Đ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;, Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐ°Ń? Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? 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xy{

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; `iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb`

Basic material. The mathematical model required for the simulation of the present plasma torch consists of two fundamental submodels: a model of turbulent stream and a model of magnet hydrodynamic interaction of flow and magnetic field. For the inductive plasma in the present mathematical model a range of assumptions has been used which are justifiable for such plasma type and usually not appropriate in cases of low-temperature, discharge and nonequilibrium plasma: 1. Plasma is in the state of the local thermodynamic equilibrium; 2. The turbulence impact is considered by means of RNG kâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Îľ turbulence model [8]; 3. Plasma is optically transparent and losses on the radiation are defined only by the presence of the plasmasupporting gas; 4. The viscous heating is not considered in the equation of energy conservation; 5. The displaced currents which appear in the solenoid are not considered. The physical behavior of plasma in the present model is calculated in a three-dimensional performance and described by the following main equations of mass, impulse and energy conservation: Â&#x2019; Â&#x2DC; (U v )

Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˛ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸ ĐąŃ&#x2039;Đť Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝ Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´ Đ´ĐžĐżŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ° ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Đž Đ˝Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐźĐťĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2039;: 1. Đ&#x;ĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐ° Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐťĐžĐşĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ Đ¸Ń?. 2. ĐŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąŃ&#x192;ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ¸ RNG kâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Îľ-ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąŃ&#x192;ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ [8]. 3. Đ&#x;ĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐ° Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžĐżŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš, Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ĐˇĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°. 4. Đ&#x2019;Ń?ĐˇĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ Đ˛ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ¸Đ¸ Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń?. 5. Đ Đ°Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐ°ĐłĐ°ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ¸, Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Đ˛ Ń ĐžĐťĐľĐ˝ĐžĐ¸Đ´Đľ, Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń?. Đ¤Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐľ ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˛ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐľ Đ¸ ĐžĐżĐ¸Ń Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ Ń ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Ń&#x2039;, Đ¸ĐźĐżŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Đ° Đ¸ Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ¸Đ¸: Â&#x2019; Â&#x2DC; (U v )

Â&#x2019;Â&#x2DC; (Uvv) Â&#x2019;p Â&#x2019; Â&#x2DC; W Ug FL ;

Â&#x2019; Â&#x2DC; (Uvh)

Â&#x2019;Â&#x2DC; (Uvv) Â&#x2019;p Â&#x2019; Â&#x2DC; W Ug FL , Â&#x2019; Â&#x2DC; (Uvh)

Â§ Â§ Â§ keff Âˇ ÂˇÂˇ k Â&#x2019; Â¨ Â&#x2019;h Â¸ Â&#x2019; Â&#x2DC; Â¨ ÂŚ Â¨ J i Â&#x2019;Yi Â¸ Â¸ Pj Qr , Â¨ cp Â¸ Â¸Â¸ Â¨ i Â¨ cp ÂŠ Âš ÂšÂš ÂŠ ÂŠ

where, Ď is density of the plasma flow; Ď&#x2026; is velocity; p is pressure; Ď&#x201E; is the stress tensor; g is gravity force; h is the total stream enthalpy; keff is efficient thermal conductivity of the flow; Ń p is heat capacity of the flow at constant pressure; Qr are the volume losses of heat from radiation; Yi is chemical components concentration; Ji is the diffusion current in the i-th component; Pj is the Joule heating; FL is the Lorentz force. The Lorentz force and Joule heating can be defined in the following way:

0,5S( J u B*);

0,5S( J u E*),

ĐłĐ´Đľ Ď â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ°; Ď&#x2026; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;; p â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ; Ď&#x201E; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝ĐˇĐžŃ&#x20AC; Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš; g â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Đ¸ĐťĐ°; h â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;ĐźĐźĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń?Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐżĐ¸Ń? ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ°; keff â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐťĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ°; Ń p â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ¸ĐˇĐžĐąĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐťĐžĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ°; Qr â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐžŃ&#x201A; Đ¸ĐˇĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?; Yi â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x2026;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛; Ji â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ´Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐş Đ˛ i-Đź ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐžĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đľ; Pj â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžŃ&#x192;ĐťĐľĐ˛ Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛; FL â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń Đ¸ĐťĐ° Đ&#x203A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ°. ĐĄĐ¸ĐťŃ&#x192; Đ&#x203A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ° Đ¸ Đ&#x201D;ĐśĐžŃ&#x192;ĐťĐľĐ˛ Đ˝Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐˇĐ°ĐżĐ¸Ń Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐź Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ:

0,5S( J u B*);

0,5S( J u E*),

where J is a vector group of the current density induced in plasma; Đ&#x2019; is a vector group of the magnet field induction; Đ&#x2022; is a vector group of the electric field intensity. The ÂŤ*Âť index means that the value is a complex conjugate number. For the aerodynamic characteristics prediction the RNG-based kâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Îľ â&#x20AC;&#x201C; turbulence model was used. The transport equations have similar form as a standard kâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Îľ â&#x20AC;&#x201C; turbulence model:

ĐłĐ´Đľ J â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ°, Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľ; Đ&#x2019; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐ°ĐłĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐťŃ?; Đ&#x2022; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń?ĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐťŃ?. Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Đ´ĐľĐşŃ ÂŤ*Âť ĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ˝Đž-Ń ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐžĐź. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐ˝ĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ°Ń?Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đş ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐ° Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ° RNG-Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; kâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Îľ-ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąŃ&#x192;ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸. ĐŁŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝ĐžŃ Đ° Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸ Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Đź Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš kâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Îľ-ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐąŃ&#x192;ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸:

w w (Uk ) (Ukui ) wt wxi

w ÂŞ wk Âş ÂŤ D k Peff Âť Gk Gb UH YM S k , wx j ÂŹÂŤ wx j ÂźÂť

xy|

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

`iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb`

w w (UH) (UHui ) wt wxi C1H

w ÂŞ wH Âş ÂŤ DHPeff Âť wx j ÂŹÂŤ wx j ÂźÂť

w w (UH) (UHui ) wt wxi

H H2 (Gk C3HGb ) C2HU RH SH . k k

C1H

In these equations, Gk represents the generation of turbulent kinetic energy depending on the mean velocity gradients, Gb is the generation of turbulence kinetic energy due to the buoyancy for the perfect gases, YM represents the contribution of the fluctuating dilatation in the compressible turbulence to the overall dissipation rate. The Îąk and ÎąÎľ quantities are the inverse effective Prandtl numbers for k and Îľ, respectively, and Sk and SÎľ are the user-defined source terms. The electromagnetic field which was generated by the currents in coils (Jcoil) of wire and inductive currents of plasma (J) is described by the Maxwell equations, written in the vector form: Â&#x2019; 2 A iZP0VA P0 J coil

where Îź0 = 4Ď&#x20AC;10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;7 is the magnet permeability of vacuum; Ď&#x192; is the plasma conductivity; Ď&#x2030; = 2Ď&#x20AC;f is the electromagnetic field frequency; A is the electromagnetic field potential. The vector complex of the Đ&#x2022; electric field intensity and the vector complex of the Đ&#x2019; induction of magnetic field are defined by means of the A value with the help of the following equations:

iZA ;

Â&#x2019; 2 A iZP0VA P0 J coil

ĐłĐ´Đľ Îź0 = 4Ď&#x20AC;Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;7 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐ°ĐłĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ°ĐľĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛Đ°ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x192;ĐźĐ°; Ď&#x192; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń?ĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2039;; Ď&#x2030; = 2Ď&#x20AC;f, A â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°Đť Ń?ĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐ°ĐłĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐťŃ?. Đ&#x2019;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń?ĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐťŃ? Đ&#x2022; Đ¸ Đ˛ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ&#x2019; ĐźĐ°ĐłĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐťŃ? Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń?Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇ Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x192; A, Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń? Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?:

iZA ;

Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐžĐ˝ Đ&#x17E;ĐźĐ°

VE E.

9 10

B Â&#x2019;u A;

The inductive plasma torch with capacity of 50 kW the simulation of which is carried out [8] (Fig. 2) is developed for a wide range of tasks such as activation

H H2 (Gk C3HGb ) C2HU RH SH . k k

as well as the simplified Ohmâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s law:

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B Â&#x2019;u A; J

w ÂŞ wH Âş ÂŤ DHPeff Âť wx j ÂŹÂŤ wx j ÂźÂť

Fig. 2. Scheme of High-Frequency Inductive Plasma Torch Operation: Đ Đ¸Ń . 2. ĐĄŃ&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°: 1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Inductive Section / Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?; 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Output Section / Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?; 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Input Section / Đ˛Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?; 4 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Copper Coil / ĐźĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐşĐ°; 5 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Plasma-Supporting Gas / ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đš ĐłĐ°Đˇ; 6 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Direct Vortex / ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐźĐžĐš Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;; 7 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Reverse Vortex / ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;; 8 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Fuel Supply / ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ° Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐżĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ°; 9 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Plasma / ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐ°; 10 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Plasma Flame / ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşĐľĐť

VE E.

Đ&#x153;ĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đš Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝ ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; 50 ĐşĐ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A; (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 2) [8] Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ° ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;, Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026;, ĐşĐ°Đş Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐľŃ&#x192;ĐłĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń ĐźĐľŃ Đ¸ Ń ĐľĐľ ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐš, ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ° ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛, Đ˝Đ°Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš. Đ&#x17E;Đ˝ Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A; Đ¸Đˇ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026; ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš: Đ˛Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ 3, Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ 1 Đ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ 2. Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń ĐžĐąĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x192; Đ¸Đˇ ĐşĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşĐťĐ°. Đ&#x;ĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đš Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026; 5 ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇ ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x152; 7 [11]. Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐźĐľĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;, Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇ ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ˛ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝ ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đš ĐłĐ°Đˇ 5 (Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐłĐžĐ˝ Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;). Đ§ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ Đ´ĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐşĐľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x152; 8 ĐťĐ¸ĐąĐž Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐžĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐżĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đž. Đ&#x2019; Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐťŃ Ń? Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˝Đ° Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐłĐžĐ˝Đľ Đ¸ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;Đľ. Đ?Ń&#x20AC;ĐłĐžĐ˝ ĐžĐąĐťĐ°Đ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐź, Ń?ĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D;, Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž, ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşĐľĐť Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˝ĐľĐłĐž ĐťĐľĐłŃ&#x2021;Đľ Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ¸ ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐž ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đž Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź.

xy}

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

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of coal-dust mixture with its further gasification, waste recycling, coating process. It consists of three main parts: the input section 3, the inductive section 1 and the output section 2. The inductive section is a pipe made of fused glass. The feed of plasma-supporting gas 5 is carried out through the swirler of the output section, forming a reverse vortex 7 [11]. The input section has also a swirler through which the plasma-supporting gas 5 is supplied to the plasma torch (argon or air). It is possible to supply the dust mixture 8 or any other fuel through the holes in the output section base. In this case, the calculation was carried out for the plasma torch which works on argon and air. Argon has high electric productivity comparing to air. Thus, it will be much easier for the argon to obtain a plasma torch and it requires less power consumption which was proved by the numerical experiment. The properties of argon and air which are required for the numerical simulation are taken from the source [5]. In both cases the argon and air were supplied in the lower tangential admission 3 (see Fig. 2) to develop the reverse vortex stream with the flow rate of 2 g/s under the atmosphere pressure. The argon feed to the higher admission 5 develops the direct vortex flow 6. The calculations were carried out for the operation modes of the plasma torch with the frequency of 3.5 MHz and range of currents in the inductor from 1 to 5 Đ? with the reverse and direct vortex of argon. As a result of executed numerical experiments the following plasma jet characteristics were obtained. Figure 3 shows the temperature distribution along the plasma jet axis with the reverse vortex. Also, according to Figure 3 and 4, b we can notice that while the distance increases from inductor, the plasma temperature goes down very quickly. A drop in temperature for the 5 Đ? current is 65 %. So we can make a conclusion that it is reasonable to lead up the waste feed stream as close to the plasma jet exit nozzle as possible in order to get maximum effect of its plasma activation. From the graphs data and from Fig. 3 one can observe that the maximum temperature in the plasma torch reaches in the inductor field. We can make a conclusion that the plasma torch length should not exceed the general inductor length on more than 20 % because of the reasonable usage of the inner plasma torch space and the losses increase of the total pressure in it. At the same time the comparison of the impact of the type of the argon flow on the temperature field inside the plasma torch was carried out. As is clear from Fig. 4, b the reverse vortex allows concentrating the high temperature area closer to the axis of the plasma torch and provides the additional wall cooling while the direct vortex scheme (Fig. 4, a) gives high temperature zones close to the plasma torch shortening the lifetime of the plasma torch. So, the further calculations were carried out only for the plasma torches with the reverse vortex.

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Fig. 3. Temperature Distribution along the Plasma Jet Axis, which Operates on Argon: Đ Đ¸Ń . 3. Đ Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐž ĐžŃ Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°: â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Âˇ Âˇ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 1 Đ?; ÂˇÂˇÂˇÂˇÂˇÂˇ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2 Đ?; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Âˇ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 3 Đ?; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 4 Đ?; â&#x20AC;&#x201D;â&#x20AC;&#x201D; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 5 Đ?

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`iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb`

As a result of calculations we also got the dependence of the induced current density distribution along the plasma jet axis (Fig. 5â&#x20AC;&#x201C;6). It should be noted that there is a rapid increase of induced current density in a range of current within the inductor from 4 Đ? and 3.5 Đ&#x153;Hz current frequency in operated on argon plasma jet (Fig. 5). This indicates a so-called plasma â&#x20AC;&#x153;breakdownâ&#x20AC;?. We can notice a similar rapid increase of the plasma jet operated on air for current of 4 Đ? with 7 Đ&#x153;Hz frequency. The parameters assessment of the â&#x20AC;&#x153;breakdownâ&#x20AC;? current is an essential characteristic of plasma jet operation. Also the numerical experiment allowed executing the assessment of thermal efficiency of inductive plasma jet according to the thermal and accepted powers. The efficiency calculation was executed according to the following formula: Pthermal K Â&#x2DC;100% , Pinduct

Đ&#x2019; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ ĐąŃ&#x2039;ĐťĐ° ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ° ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐž ĐžŃ Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đľ (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 5, 6). ĐĄĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇĐşĐ¸Đš Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A; ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ Đ´Đ¸Đ°ĐżĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˝Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ° Đ˝Đ° Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A; 4 Đ? Đ¸ Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ° 3,5 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x201C;Ń&#x2020; Đ˛ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đľ, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐź Đ˝Đ° Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐłĐžĐ˝Đľ (Ń Đź. Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 5), Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń&#x192;ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đş Đ˝Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đš ÂŤĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐžĐšÂť ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2039;. Đ?Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐžĐş Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;Đľ, Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐťŃ&#x17D;Đ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľ Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ° 4 Đ? Ń Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐš 7 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x201C;Ń&#x2020;. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐ° ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ° ÂŤĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐžŃ?Âť Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛Đ°ĐśĐ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°. Đ§Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťĐ¸Đť ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192; Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐťĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Đ&#x161;Đ&#x;Đ&#x201D; Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ° ĐżĐž Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐťĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐłĐťĐžŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš. Đ Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ&#x161;Đ&#x;Đ&#x201D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐťŃ Ń? ĐżĐž Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x192;ĐťĐľ

where Đ thermal is a thermal power in the output plasma jet section, Wt; Đ induct is an inductive power absorbed by the plasma torch, Wt.

ĐłĐ´Đľ Đ thermal â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°, Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;; Đ induct â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, ĐżĐžĐłĐťĐžŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşĐľĐťĐžĐź, Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;.

b) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đą)

Pthermal Â&#x2DC;100% %, Pinduct

Fig. 4. Temperature Field in Plasma Jet Section, which Operates on Argon for 5 Đ? Inductor Currents with Direct Vortex (a) and Reverse Vortex (b) Đ Đ¸Ń . 4. Đ&#x;ĐžĐťĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC; Đ˛ Ń ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˝Đ° Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐłĐžĐ˝Đľ, Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ° Đ˝Đ° Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ 5 Đ? Ń ÂŤĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐźŃ&#x2039;ĐźÂť (a) Đ¸ ÂŤĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźÂť (Đą) Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Ń?ĐźĐ¸

I, A/m2

1,0E + 05

1,40E + 05 1,20E + 05

8,0E + 04

1,00E + 05 8,00E + 04

6,0E + 04

6,00E + 04

4,0E + 04

4,00E + 04

2,0E + 04

2,00E + 04 0,00E + 00

100

200

300

0,0E + 00

400 L, mm

Fig. 5. Induced Current Density Distribution along the Plasma Jet Axis, which Operates on Argon, Inductor Frequency is 3.5 MHz with Reverse Vortex: Đ Đ¸Ń . 5. Đ Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐž ĐžŃ Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°: â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Âˇ Âˇ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 1 Đ?; ÂˇÂˇÂˇÂˇÂˇÂˇ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 4 Đ?; â&#x20AC;&#x201D;â&#x20AC;&#x201D; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 5 Đ?

2 Đ?; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Âˇ â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

3 Đ?;

100

200

300

400

L, mm

Fig. 6. Induced Current Density Distribution along the Plasma Jet Axis, which Operates on Air, Inductor Current Strength is 4 Đ? with Reverse Vortex: Đ Đ¸Ń . 6. Đ Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐž ĐžŃ Đ¸ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;Đľ: ÂˇÂˇÂˇÂˇÂˇÂˇ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 1 MHz / 1 MĐ&#x201C;Ń&#x2020;; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2 MHz / 2 MĐ&#x201C;Ń&#x2020;; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Âˇ â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 3,5 MHz / 3,5 MĐ&#x201C;Ń&#x2020;; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 4 MHz / 4 MĐ&#x201C;Ń&#x2020;; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Âˇ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 5 MHz / 5 MĐ&#x201C;Ń&#x2020;; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Âˇ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 6 MHz / 6 MĐ&#x201C;Ń&#x2020;; â&#x20AC;&#x201D;â&#x20AC;&#x201D; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 7 MHz / 7 MĐ&#x201C;Ń&#x2020;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; `iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb`

The thermal power is calculated according to the formula Pthermal g Â&#x2DC; c p (Tout Tin ), Wt, where g is an argon consumption, kg/s; Đ˘out is a plasma jet output temperature, K; Đ˘in is a plasma jet input argon temperature, K; Ń Ń&#x20AC; is an average argon specific heat in the temperature range from Đ˘in to Đ˘out (J/kgÂˇK). For the plasma jet operated on argon the current of 5 Đ? corresponds to the accepted power of plasma torch of 10 kW and thermal power of 5 kW. Correspondingly, the plasma jet efficiency is about 50 %. In the same time the efficiency of plasma jet operated on air with the inductor current of 4 Đ? but with frequency of 7 Đ&#x153;Hz is 75 %. CONCLUSION. 1. The high temperature operation modes along with compact dimensions make the plasma torches of such construction optimal for the stabilization of combustion processes as well as for the recycling processes at the mobile seaport recycling complexes. 2. The calculations demonstrated convincingly the advantage of the operation of plasma torches with reverse vortex flow over plasma torches with â&#x20AC;&#x153;directâ&#x20AC;? vortex flow. 3. The output plasma jet nozzle temperatures can be up to 5000 Đ&#x161; for both argon and air. We should only choose the proper values of the current strength and frequency. Combustion mixture or other fuel is reasonable to lead up as close to the plasma jet output section as possible in order to get the maximum effect of its plasma activation, since the temperature goes down rapidly in case of removal from the nozzle. The plasma torch capacity depends mostly on the inductor current frequency. In such a way, the inductor current strength increase from 4 Đ? to 6 Đ? with constant frequency of 3.5 Đ&#x153;Hz for the plasma jet operated on air gives thermal power growth from 4.3 kW to 8.2 kW. The frequency growth from 3.5 to 7 Đ&#x153;Hz with constant current strength of 4 Đ? gives power growth from 4.3 kW to 26.5 kW. So it is reasonable to increase the frequency for plasma jet capacity and efficiency increment, but not the inductor current strength.

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ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˝Đ° Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐłĐžĐ˝Đľ, Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşŃ&#x192; 5 Đ? Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐžĐłĐťĐžŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşĐľĐťĐ° 10 ĐşĐ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A; Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 5 ĐşĐ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;. ĐĄĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ&#x161;Đ&#x;Đ&#x201D; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ° Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžĐşĐžĐťĐž 50 %. Đ&#x2019; Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐśĐľ Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ? Đ&#x161;Đ&#x;Đ&#x201D; ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ°, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˝Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;Đľ Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐžĐź Đ˝Đ° Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ 4 Đ?, Đ˝Đž Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐš 7 Đ&#x153;Đ&#x201C;Ń&#x2020;, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐľĐ˝ 75 %. Đ&#x2019;ĐŤĐ&#x2019;Đ&#x17E;Đ&#x201D;ĐŤ. 1. 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ĐĄĐżĐ¸Ń ĐžĐş ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; [1]

Đ&#x2019;Đ°Ń Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛Ń ĐşĐ¸Đš, ĐĄ. Đ?. Đ§Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˛ Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐź ĐşĐ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐľ ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ° [Đ˘ĐľĐşŃ Ń&#x201A;] / ĐĄ. Đ?. Đ&#x2019;Đ°Ń Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x152;ĐľĐ˛Ń ĐşĐ¸Đš, Đ?. Đ¤. Đ&#x161;ĐžĐťĐľŃ Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛ // Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐ˛. Đ?Đ? ĐĄĐĄĐĄĐ . Đ&#x153;ĐľŃ&#x2026;. ĐśĐ¸Đ´Đş. ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2000. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; â&#x201E;&#x2013; 5. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐĄ. 164â&#x20AC;&#x201C;173.

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Đ&#x2019;ĐťĐ°Ń ĐžĐ˛, Đ&#x2019;. Đ&#x2DC;. Đ˘ĐľĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐľ Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ° Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐš ĐşĐ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x2019;Đ§ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ° [Đ˘ĐľĐşŃ Ń&#x201A;] // Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ ĐźĐžĐ˝Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ° Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ&#x153;. : ĐŚĐ?Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x2DC; Đ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?, 2001. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; â&#x201E;&#x2013; 23. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐĄ. 18â&#x20AC;&#x201C;26.

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Đ&#x201C;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2C6;ĐşĐžĐ˛, Đ?. Đ&#x2018;. Đ§Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžĐąŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐşĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐš Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ° [Đ˘ĐľĐşŃ Ń&#x201A;] / Đ?. Đ&#x2018;. Đ&#x201C;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2C6;ĐşĐžĐ˛ // Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ ĐźĐžĐ˝Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ° Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ&#x153;. : ĐŚĐ?Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x2DC; Đ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?, 2004. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; â&#x201E;&#x2013; 3(36). â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐĄ. 54â&#x20AC;&#x201C;61.

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ĐĄĐ°Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, Đ&#x2019;. Đ&#x2DC;. Đ§Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ˛ Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź ĐżĐťĐ°ĐˇĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đľ Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐťĐžĐžĐąĐźĐľĐ˝Đ° Đ˛ Đ˝ĐľĐ´ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;Đ° Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Đš Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐľ Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x201C;ĐŁ-4 (Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x;Đ&#x153;ĐľŃ&#x2026; Đ Đ?Đ?) [ĐĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń ] / Đ&#x2019;. Đ&#x2DC;. ĐĄĐ°Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ // Đ¤Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸ĐşĐž-Ń&#x2026;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? ĐşĐ¸Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ° Đ˛ ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš Đ´Đ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸ĐşĐľ: Ń?ĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐśŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Đť. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2007. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˘. 5. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 23 Ń . â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ ĐľĐśĐ¸Đź Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ° : http://www.chemphys.edu.ru/article/50/.

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Đ˘ĐľĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťĐąĐ° Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐłĐ¸ / Đ&#x2019;. ĐĄ. ĐĐ˝ĐľĐłĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Ń&#x201A;, Đ&#x2019;. ĐŚ. Đ&#x201C;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2021;, Đ&#x201C;. Đ?. Đ&#x201D;ĐľŃ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžĐ˛ [Đ¸ Đ´Ń&#x20AC;.]. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ?ĐžĐ˛ĐžŃ Đ¸ĐąĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń Đş : Đ?Đ°Ń&#x192;ĐşĐ°. ĐĄĐ¸Đą. ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´-Đ˝Đ¸Đľ, 1990. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˘. 1. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 376 Ń .

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[7]

Numerical Modelling of RFâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;RF Hybrid Plasma Torches and Parametric Study for Various Geometric, Flow and Electric Configurations [Text] / D. Bernardi, V. Colombo, G. G. M. Coppa, E. Ghedini, A. Mentrelli // 24 The European Physical Journal. Progress in Plasma Processing of Materials, Proceedings of the 6-th International Thermal Plasma Processing Conference, Strasbourg (France), May 30â&#x20AC;&#x201C;June 2. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; New York : Wallingford, Begell House. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2001. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ . 339â&#x20AC;&#x201C;346.

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[10] Korolev, Yu. D. Non-steady State Processes in a Plasma Pilot for Ignition and Flame Control [Text] / Yu. D. Korolev, I. B. Matveev // IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2006. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Vol. 34, nr 6. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; P. 2507â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2513. [11] Matveev, I. Numerical Optimization of the Tornado Combustor Aerodynamic Parameters [Text] / I. Matveev, S. Serbin, G. Mostipanenko // 45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit (Reno, Nevada, USA, 8â&#x20AC;&#x201C;11 January 2007). â&#x20AC;&#x201D; AIAA 2007-391. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 12 p. [12] Numerical simulation of sub- & supersonic flows into inductive plasmatrons [Text] / S. V. Utyuzhnikov, A. V. Konyukhov, D. V. Rudenko, S. A. Vasil'evskii, A. F. Kolesnikov, I. S. Pershin, O. Chazot // 16-th AIAA Computational Fluid Dunamics Conference. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Orlando, USA. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2003. [13] Plasma Fuel Nozzle as a Prospective Way to Plasma-Assisted Combustion [Text] / I. B. Matveev, S. A. Matveeva., E. Y. Kirchuk., S. I. Serbin., V. G. Bazarov // IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2010 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Vol. 38, nr. 12. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; P. 3313â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3318. [14] Serbin, S. I. Features of liquid-fuel plasma-chemical gasification for diesel engines [Text] / S. I. Serbin // IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2006. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Vol. 34, nr. 6. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; P. 2488â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2496. [15] Serbin, S. I. Modeling and Experimental Study of Operation Process in a Gas Turbine Combustor with a Plasma-Chemical Element [Text] / S. I. Serbin // Combustion Science and Technology. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 1998. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Vol. 139. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; P. 137â&#x20AC;&#x201C;158. [16] Serbin, S. I. Investigations of the Working Process in a â&#x20AC;&#x153;Lean-Burnâ&#x20AC;? Gas Turbine Combustor With Plasma Assistance [Text] / S. I. Serbin, I. B. Matveev, G. B. Mostipanenko // Trans. Plasma Sci. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2011. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; _______________________________ Vol. 39, nr. 12. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; P. 3331â&#x20AC;&#x201C;3335. ÂŠ C. Đ&#x2DC;. ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐąĐ¸Đ˝, Đ?. Đ&#x2018;. Đ&#x153;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝ĐşĐž ĐĄŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ´-Ń&#x20AC; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝. Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x192;Đş, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201E;. Đ&#x201C;. Đ¤. Đ ĐžĐźĐ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń ĐşĐ¸Đš

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Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Nikolaev Đ?Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐťĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ Đ°Đ´ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐťĐ° Đ&#x153;Đ°ĐşĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°, Đł. Đ?Đ¸ĐşĐžĐťĐ°ĐľĐ˛ Abstract. The technological and structural specific features of the plunger system of organic waste loading into the hermetically sealed pyrolysis reactor operating in a continuous mode are discussed. Research aim is to develop the safe, eco-friendly system of organic waste recycling which are forming in the process of maritime complex enterprises activity; to provide the continuous eco-friendly safe loading of crushed organic waste into the hermetically sealed reactor of multistage circuit pyrolysis. The theoretical calculations on the geometry optimization of the output nozzle installed at the output of the plunger system which forms the cork from the loaded crushed polymers which provides the sealing of the pyrolysis reactor are carried out. The experimental studies of nozzles in continuous operation mode of the reactor are performed. The development of plunger system structure with the optimal nozzle and simulated in 3D is completed. It is experimentally proved that the proposed optimal structure of the outlet nozzle in the form of a truncated pyramid with conicity of 1:3 installed to the reactor with its big base, in its low point, stably restores the technological cork in the process of the continuous crushed polymers feeding into the medium of molten polymers, at a given internal pressure in the reactor. The research results can be used for designing the industrial plants on thermal recycling of organic waste with obtaining the alternative types of fuel for maritime complexes, airports, hospitals, towns and villages, where during their industrial activity the organic waste are formed. The established theoretical laws and structural solutions can effectively solve the problem of designing the commercial industrial plants on the thermal recycling of organic waste with obtaining the alternative fuels in the eco-friendly mode Keywords: marine economy complex, pyrolysis reactor, organic wastes, plunger loading system, technological cork, environmental safety of the pyrolysis process. Đ?Đ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?. Đ Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ° ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐ° ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛, ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐˇŃ?ĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ°. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ ĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;, Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń? Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ´Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˛ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐź ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x192;Ń Đľ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ° Ń&#x192;Ń ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń? ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˝Đ°Đ´ĐľĐśĐ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ˝ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐžĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐşŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°. Đ&#x161;ĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ°: ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐˇŃ?ĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ , ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;, ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039;, ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸, Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐ°, Ń?ĐşĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? ĐąĐľĐˇĐžĐżĐ°Ń Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đ° ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°. xzx

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Problem statement. The current environmental state of the marine economy complex area in Ukraine (including sea and river ports, shipbuilding and ship-repairing yards, offshore drilling units etc.) is critical as scientists and specialists have defined. Wastes which are formed at these enterprises (up to 60.000 tons per year) are the mix of various organic substances which influence badly the environmental state of the Black Sea coastline. The development and realization of the eco-friendly projects for the marine economy complex has the strategic importance and is the priority economic direction of Mykolayiv region and Ukraine. Latest research and publications analysis. From the point of view of environmental safety the most perspective technologies for organic waste utilization are technologies based on the multicircuit circulatory pyrolysis process (MCP). The MCP is the thermal decomposition of organic wastes in the hermetically sealed oxygeneliminating reactor [2â&#x20AC;&#x201C;4]. During the continuous operation of the MCP reactor of organic wastes and crushed polymers, the monomeric pressure of gas-vapor mixture is formed and it can break into the environment at the moment of loading into the reactor of a new portion of wastes which is unacceptable. The methods of loading using the bunkers, gateways with different types of locking devices, screws, plungers are well-known. Each of them has its advantages and disadvantages. Especially it is important under the loading of the thermoplastic polymers, which are melting at the reactor entry under the influence of high temperatures (up to 800 Â°ĐĄ) and sticking to the cold walls of the loading devices, and it does not allow using them without further improvement. For example, the bunkers with gateways and screw devices are usually used for the transportation of granular materials, and for the waste

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ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐˇŃ?ĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ° Đ¸ĐźĐľĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸ Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Ń?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸ĐşĐ¸ Đ?Đ¸ĐşĐžĐťĐ°ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ ĐŁĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039;. Đ?Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x192;ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš. Đ?Đ°Đ¸ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸, Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐşĐ¸ ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń?ĐşĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐąĐľĐˇĐžĐżĐ°Ń Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž Ń Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸, ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đľ ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐžĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐşŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° (Đ&#x153;ĐŚĐ&#x;) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐź Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ ĐłĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ ĐąĐľĐˇ Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ° ĐşĐ¸Ń ĐťĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ° Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026;Đ° [2â&#x20AC;&#x201C;4]. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° Đ&#x153;ĐŚĐ&#x; ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛, Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľ Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, Đ˛ Đ˝ĐľĐź Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ¸ĐˇĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš Ń ĐźĐľŃ Đ¸, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń? ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń? Đ˛ ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192; Đ˛ ĐźĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸ Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC; Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˝ĐľĐ´ĐžĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźĐž. 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supply into the gas generators [1], without high temperature at the entry. The special screw supply systems of bead polymers into the working molten zone with the temperature up to 300 Â°ĐĄ in the extrusions of automatic molding machines are known. But they have a number of features which are not acceptable for the pyrolysis plants on polymer waste utilization. For example, they can provide the tightness of the working zone which is under the high pressure, but at the same time they have low productivity. The screw pair has a short service life which depends on the purity and type of raw materials (granules), and it is not acceptable under the polymer waste supply with mixture of sand and other dirt. As a result, the well-known loading structures can not be used in the pyrolysis plants. The most acceptable structure for the continuous polymer waste supply into the pyrolysis reactor can be a plunger system with the cone nozzle [2], providing the formation of the technological cork in the cone nozzle, excluding the breakthrough of pyrolysis gases into the environment via the loading device. Waste supply under the pressure of plunger system compacts the crushed polymers in the technological cork and excludes the entry of toxic gases into the environment via the technological cork. The technological cork is restored at each new potion of waste supply into the reactor. The extra cooling of cone nozzle body excludes melting of the polymer waste in it. These wastes form the technological cork, which is very important in case of full-stop of the new portion of waste supply into the reactor in emergency situations [3, 4]. The plant of polymer waste utilization with alternative fuels generation developed on the basis of National University of Shipbuilding is planned to be implemented into the enterprises of the marine economy complex. At the same time, this plant needs the development of technological modes, knots and units to provide the environmental safety, economic feasibility and energy efficiency. This plant can be used at the sea ports and other shipbuilding enterprises of the marine economy complex [5]. The total average volume of organic wastes at different enterprises of marine economy complex is from 8.0 to 25 tons per day. The volume of polymer wastes is 1.0â&#x20AC;Ś5.0 tons per day, and for their further utilization it is reasonable to develop the number of plants with the raw material capacity of 1.0; 3.0; 5.0 tons per day. The article aim is to develop the reliable and environmentally safe utilization system of organic wastes formed in the process of enterprise activity of the marine economy complex in order to provide the continuous environmentally safe loading of crushed organic wastes into the hermetically sealed reactor of the multicircuit circulatory pyrolysis. Basic material. The enterprises modernization strategy of the marine economy complex for the improvement of the environmental level and infrastructure selfsufficiency involves the improvement of technologies and the MCP plant structures which provide the utilization of organic wastes formed in the process of the complex enterprise operation. The modernization program

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Đ˝ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° Ń ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x192;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˝Đ°Ń Đ°Đ´ĐşĐžĐš [2], ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐ¸ Đ˛ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x192;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˝Đ°Ń Đ°Đ´ĐşĐľ, Đ¸Ń ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛ ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192; Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇ ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž. Đ&#x;ĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ° ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐžĐ´ Đ´Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Ń?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐľ, Đ¸Ń ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛ ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐşŃ Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşŃ&#x192;. Đ˘ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐš Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛, ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°Đ˛Đ°ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;, Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń?. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐťĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x192;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˝Đ°Ń Đ°Đ´ĐşĐ¸ Đ¸Ń ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛ Đ˝ĐľĐš ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛, Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşŃ&#x192;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ˛Đ°ĐśĐ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐľ ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ°Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐšĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; [3, 4]. Đ Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐąĐ°ĐˇĐľ Đ?Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ° ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐťĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ° ĐżĐž Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐżĐťĐ¸Đ˛ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ´Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐˇŃ?ĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ°, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ° Đ˝Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸ĐźĐžĐ˛, Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Đ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń?ĐşĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐąĐľĐˇĐžĐżĐ°Ń Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, Ń?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐľŃ ĐžĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ¸ Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸. Đ&#x201D;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ° ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń? Đ˛ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐˇŃ?ĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ° [5]. Đ&#x17E;ĐąŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đš Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐź ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń Ń? ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐˇŃ?ĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ° Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A; 8,0 Đ´Đž 25 Ń&#x201A;/Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;, Đ¸Đˇ Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; 1,0â&#x20AC;Ś5,0 Ń&#x201A;/Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? 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provides the rational heating and energy resources supply of the objects of the complex using the obtained alternative fuels from the polymer wastes. It is especially urgent for the enterprises located far from the basic urban infrastructure. To provide the continuous operation of the MCP plant in the environmentally safe mode it is necessary to supply a new portion of the crushed polymers continuously into the hermetically sealed reactor according to the polymers decomposition. But one problem appears: at the moment of supplying a new portion of wastes it is necessary to compact them maximally and remove air, this means to minimize maximally the amount of oxygen which can cause an explosion in the contact with the heated reactor. Also it necessary to ensure the hermiticity of the reactor which is under the pressure up to 0.15 MPa and exclude the breakthrough of the toxic gas mixture into the environment. The research of pressing force of the plunger system of crushed polymers (2â&#x20AC;&#x201C;20 mm in diameter) in the different cone nozzles have been carried out. This research was carried out in order to optimize the geometry of output nozzle and polymer cork formed by the various fractions of crushed polymers. It was performed on the Ecopir-18 MCP plant (Fig. 1). This plant provides deep and thermal decomposition of macromolecular polymer wastes obtaining the light fractions of liquid fuel at the output which can be used in the power supply systems of the enterprises of the marine economy complex. If we change the temperature mode of multicircuit circulatory system, we can get the liquid fuel, which is similar to petrol or diesel oil. To test the technological modes which are close to the industrial technologies, the plant was equipped with the plunger system (Fig. 2, 3) which provided the continuous operation mode. The plunger loading system [2] (see Fig. 2) includes: a loading bunker 9 built on the plunger device, a piston 10 which is in the structure of the loading system and provides the formation of the raw materials stream

Fig. 1. The Ecopir-18 MCP Experimental Plant with Plunger System of Continuous Polymer Waste Supply into the Reactor Đ Đ¸Ń . 1. ĐĐşŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ° ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐžĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐşŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° ĐĐşĐžĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;-18 Ń ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐžĐš Đ˝ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;

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ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐľ ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐžĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐşŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° ĐĐşĐžĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;-18 (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 1). ĐŁŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ° ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐłĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐžĐşĐžĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžĐźĐžĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ˝Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đľ ĐťĐľĐłĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš ĐśĐ¸Đ´ĐşĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐżĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ°, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľ ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń? Đ˛ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°Ń&#x2026; Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐžĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đš ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐˇŃ?ĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ Đ°. Đ&#x2DC;ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝Ń?Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ¸Đź ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐžĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐşŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;, ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐśĐ¸Đ´ĐşĐžĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐżĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đž Ń Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ°ĐźĐ¸, ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐşĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ Đş ĐąĐľĐ˝ĐˇĐ¸Đ˝Ń&#x192; Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ´Đ¸ĐˇĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐżĐťĐ¸Đ˛Ń&#x192;. Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? 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with a movable stock 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 12 of 2-directional operation which provides: nominal pressure â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 16 MPa; maximal pressure â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 20 MPa; standby pressure (no more than) â&#x20AC;&#x201D;â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 1.5 MPa; pushing force on the stock â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 80 kN; down stock force â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 60 kN, stock diameter â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 40 mm; piston stroke â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 400 mm. The output nozzle 13 of the plunger system is performed in the form of truncated pyramid which is connected to the reactor 1 with the help of its smaller base. Due to the cone nozzle under the solid crushed waste supply into the heated reactor the maximum compaction of formed raw materials stream is generated. This nozzle construction allows removing the rests of the air from the raw materials. As a result the technological raw cork is formed and pressurizes the reactor, and does not allow passing of the gas-vapor mixture into the environment, which provides the operation of the plant in the eco-friendly mode. To study the efficiency of the reactor hermetic sealing the number of output nozzles was developed and produced which provided the formation of the technological recoverable cork from polymers at the output of plunger system. The necessary reactor hermiticity will be provided under the supply and compression of the polymers. The recoverable cork is a formed (compressed) stream of raw materials which moves into the reactor under the supply of the new portion of polymers. And as the result of pushing force of the plunger system the new portion of raw materials is formed into the new cork â&#x20AC;&#x201D; it is a continuous process. The variants of the initial cone nozzles are shown in Fig. 4. Piston stroke is 185 mm.

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Fig. 2. Block-Scheme of the Ecopir-18 Multicircuit Circulatory Pyrolysis Plant: Đ Đ¸Ń . 2. Đ&#x2018;ĐťĐžĐş-Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐ° Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐžĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐşŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° ĐĐşĐžĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;-18: 1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; reactor / Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;; 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; plunger system of waste supply into the reactor /ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;; 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; three-stage circulatory system / Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐşŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°; 4 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; output condenser / Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐşĐžĐ˝Đ´ĐľĐ˝Ń Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;; 5 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; clarifier / Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐľĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;; 6 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; post-combustion burner / ĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐťĐşĐ° Đ´ĐžĐśĐ¸ĐłĐ°; 7 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; liquefied gas burner / ĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐťĐşĐ° Ń ĐśĐ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°; 8 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; liquefied gas cylinder / ĐąĐ°ĐťĐťĐžĐ˝ Ń ĐśĐ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ°; 9 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; loading bunker / ĐąŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC; ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐşĐ¸; 10 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; piston / ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152;; 11 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; movable stock / ĐżĐžĐ´Đ˛Đ¸ĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x2C6;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐş; 12 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; hydraulic cylinder / ĐłĐ¸Đ´Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x20AC;; 13 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; nozzle / Đ˝Đ°Ń Đ°Đ´ĐşĐ°. Streams / Đ&#x;ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐşĐ¸: Đ&#x17E; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; loaded polymer wastes / ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ°ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039;; Đ&#x;Đ&#x201C;ĐĄ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; gas-vapor mixture / ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? Ń ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x152;; Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x17E;1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; liquid cooling / Đ˛ĐžĐ´Ń?Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐťĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ; Đ&#x2019;Đ&#x17E;2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; air cooling / Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐťĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ; Đ&#x;Đ&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; pyrolysis gas / ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐłĐ°Đˇ; Đ&#x201D;Đ&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; fume gases / Đ´Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐłĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;; Đ&#x2013;Đ˘ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; liquid fuel / ĐśĐ¸Đ´ĐşĐžĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐżĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đž; ĐĄĐ&#x2013;Đ&#x201C; â&#x20AC;&#x201D; liquefied gas / Ń ĐśĐ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐłĐ°Đˇ

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пробку — данный процесс непрерывный. Варианты исходных конусных насадок представлены на рис. 4. Рабочий ход поршня составлял 185 мм. На рис. 4, а представлен первый вариант исходной насадки в виде усеченной пирамиды с конусностью 1:3, второй вариант насадки (рис. 4, б) — усеченная пирамида с конусностью 1:10. Следующим конструктивным решением было закрепление на передней плите поршня плунжерной системы выступа в виде усеченной пирамиды (рис. 4, в, рис. 5) с конусностью 1:3, а выходная насадка плунжерной системы выполнена с конусностью 1:10. Все варианты конструкций выходных конусных насадок были рассчитаны и экспериментально испытаны на установке МЦП Экопир-18. Для детального исследования процессов, происходящих при сжатии измельченных полимерных отходов в выходной конусной насадке, создана физическая модель сырья, которая представляет собой сжатую пластически деформируемую систему структурно-неоднородных, плотно упакованных частиц полимеров различной изометрической формы. Пластичность измельченных полимерных частиц при холодной пластической деформации зависит в основном от режима прессования. Под режимом прессования понимают величину давления 16…20 МПа, создаваемого гидроцилиндром; продолжительность прессования — 15…45 с; условия приложения давления — со стороны поршня по оси насадки; характер приложения усилий — нарастающий. Частицы измельченных полимеров после деформации принимают форму многогранников, а в смеси образуют регулярные структуры — решетки. В узлах решетки располагаются дефекты — поры, заполненные газовоздушной фазой. Структура формирования пласта сырья в процессе уплотнения приведена на рис. 6. Предполагается, что все тетраэдры, кроме представляющего воздушную пору, являются жесткими телами и могут перемещаться относительно друг друга в результате приложения толкающих

Fig. 3. Loading Plunger System (3D model) Рис. 3. Плунжерная система загрузки (3D-модель)

b) – б)

с) – в) Fig. 4. Variants of Output Nozzles of Plunger System of Polymer Wastes Supply into the Gas Environment of Hermetically Sealed Reactor: Рис. 4. Варианты выходных насадок плунжерной системы подачи полимерных отходов в газовую среду герметичного реактора: a) — the first variant of the output nozzle with the 1:3 conicity / первый вариант выходной насадки с конусностью 1:3; b) – б) — the second variant of the output nozzle with 1:10 conicity / второй вариант выходной насадки с конусностью 1:10; с) – в) — the third variant of the output nozzle with 1:10 conicity and nozzle on the front plate of the piston / третий вариант выходной насадки с конусностью 1:10 и с наконечником на передней плите поршня; 1 — hydraulic cylinder / гидроцилиндр; 2 — front plate of the piston / передняя плита поршня; 3 — output nozzle of the plunger system / выходная насадка плунжерной системы; 4 — stud on the front plate of piston / выступ на передней плите поршня

Fig. 5. Piston of Plunger System of Polymer Wastes Supply with Truncated Pyramid on the Front Plate (Variant 4, c) Рис. 5. Поршень плунжерной системы подачи полимерных отходов, на передней плите которого закреплена усеченная пирамида (вариант 4, в)

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In Fig. 4, Đ° the first variant of the initial nozzle in the form of the truncated pyramid with the 1:3 conicity is shown, the second variant of the nozzle (Fig. 4, b) is the truncated pyramid with 1:10 conicity. The next constructive solution was to fix the stud in the form of the truncated pyramid (Fig. 4, c, Fig. 5) with the 1:3 conicity on the front plate of the piston of plunger system. The output nozzle of plunger system is performed with 1:10 conicity. All variants of structures of output cone nozzles were calculated and experimentally tested on the MCP Ecopir-18 plant. For detailed study of the processes, during the compression of crushed polymer wastes in the output cone nozzle, the physical model of raw materials is developed. It is a compressed plastically deformable system of structurally non-uniform, close-packed polymer particles of different isometric form. The plasticity of the crushed polymer particles under the cold plastic deformation depends on the mode of pressing. The mode of pressing is understood as the pressure of 16â&#x20AC;Ś20 MPa, produced by the hydraulic cylinder; the pressing time is 15â&#x20AC;Ś45 sec; the conditions of pressure appliance are from the piston side along the nozzle axis; the nature of the force application is increasing. The particles of crushed polymers after the deformation take form of the polyhedrons, and in the mixture they form regular structures â&#x20AC;&#x201D; lattices. In the nodes of lattice there are defects â&#x20AC;&#x201D; pores, filled with gas-air phase. The formation structure of raw materials in the compaction process is shown in Fig. 6. It is supposed that all tetrahedrons, except those which represent the air pore, are the solid bodies and can move relatively to each other as a result of application of pushing force and sliding on its faces, on which normal and tangential stresses operate. All elements of plastically compressed raw material have homogeneous properties and form the rigid plastic frame together which cover a certain volume ÎŠ = Ď&#x2030;f UĎ&#x2030;p, where Ď&#x2030;f is the volume of particle of raw materials; Ď&#x2030;p is the volume of the gas-air pore. These assumptions are in the basis of calculations of the ANSYS program complex. The problem to solve is to define the effective compaction of the plunger system of the technological cork (consisting from the solid crushed thermoplastic polymer wastes). The 2D models of output nozzles of waste supply plunger system in the form of truncated pyramids are developed. The design features of these pyramids are shown in Fig. 4. The calculation was performed after fullfilling of the loading system with raw materials in one piston stroke operation. The maximum compaction of the hydrocylinder (taking into account the design features of the piston front plate with transposition of 185 mm) is the necessary condition of compaction of raw materials. According to this calculation, in the finite point of piston stroke the system is closed, the raw materials are distributed and fill the cavity of the output truncated pyramid as a result of hydro cylinder pressure. Thus, the technological cork is formed from the raw materials supplied into the reactor. The walls of the output cone are rigidly fixed in the two planes which excludes their transposition in the result of deformation.

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ĐźĐ°Ń Ń Đľ Ń Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;Ń?, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž, Đ˛ Ń Đ˛ĐžŃ&#x17D; ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x152;, Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˝Đ° ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ Ń Đ˛ĐžĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐ¸. Đ&#x2014;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐźĐ°ĐşŃ Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš

xz~

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

`iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb`

The flanged connections are not taken into the account, so the whole structure is continuous. These amendments do not influence the finite result, because they do not take part in the formation of a raw cork. The model of material with mechanical properties of crushed polyethylene was used in the calculations (Table 1). The raw materials are supplied to the loading system in the crushed form. This provides the formation of gas-air pores in the formed mass of raw materials which affects on the mechanical properties of the technological cork. The maximum density of the cork with a corresponding minimum effort of the piston is achieved at full movement of air from the raw materials. According to the problem it is necessary to define the minimum force of the piston, so the technological cork is considered as an integral body with isotropic properties which include the constant physical properties of the raw materials in all directions and the symmetry with respect to the choice of direction of mechanical transposition. The calculation was carried out by the finite element method (FEM), which allows solving (approximately and numerically) a wide range of physical problems and is mathematically formulated in the form of differential equations system. This method is used in the analysis of the stress strain state of the technological cork structure. The initial object for the FEM appliance is a material body (in general, it is an area characterized by the continuous concentration of packed raw materials, in this case â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the technological cork) which is divided into pieces in the form of the finite elements (FE) (Fig. 7). As a result of lay-out the net of element boundaries was developed. The intersection points of these boundaries form the nodes. The extra nodal points can be formed inside the elements. The set of all finite elements and nodes is the main finite element model of the deformed body; it is called the technological cork. The line-elastic problem of deformation of the compacted technological cork was considered. It is assumed that the finite elements communicate only via the common nodes. The internal distributed forces operating on the boundaries of the element are replaced by the statically equivalent nodal forces which determine the vector of element nodal forces {F}e. The matrix equation of element hardness of the technological cork is shown as follows:

Table 1. Physical and Chemical Properties of Material of the Technological Cork at 20 Â°C Đ˘Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° 1. Đ¤Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸ĐşĐž-Ń&#x2026;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ Ń Đ˛ĐžĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ 20 Â°C

Fig. 7. Lay-out Scheme of Material Body of Packed Raw Material (Technological Cork) on the Finite Elements

>K @e U e F e P eq P eg P He P Ve ,

Đ Đ¸Ń . 7. ĐĄŃ&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐąĐ¸Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐ° Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;Ń? (Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐ¸) Đ˝Đ° ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;

Parameter Đ&#x;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;

Value Đ&#x2014;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ

Density, kgÂˇm3 Đ&#x;ĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, ĐşĐłÂˇĐź3

950

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, Â° Câ&#x20AC;&#x201C;1 Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐżĐťĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?, Â°Câ&#x20AC;&#x201C;1

2,3Âˇ10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;4

Youngâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Modulus, Pa Đ&#x153;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152; ĐŽĐ˝ĐłĐ°, Đ&#x;Đ°

1,8Âˇ109

Poissonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Ratio Đ&#x161;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Đ&#x;Ń&#x192;Đ°Ń Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ°

0,42

Module of Transposition, Pa Đ&#x153;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?, Đ&#x;Đ°

6,338Âˇ108

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ĐşĐ°Đş Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐž Ń Đ¸ĐˇĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐżĐ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń Đ˛ĐžĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°ĐźĐ¸, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżĐžĐťĐ°ĐłĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ˛ĐžĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;Ń? Đ˛Đž Đ˛Ń ĐľŃ&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Ń Đ¸ĐźĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐżĐž ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192; ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ (Đ&#x153;Đ&#x161;Đ), ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐ¸Đš Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC; Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021; Đ¸ ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x192;ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ´Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš. ĐŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐľ Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐ¸. Đ&#x2DC;Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ&#x153;Đ&#x161;Đ Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐž (Đ˛ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐź Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đľ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžĐąĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ°Ń?Ń Ń? Ń ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐžĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;Ń?, Đ˛ Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đľ â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐ°), ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐąĐ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ (Đ&#x161;Đ) (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 7). Đ&#x2019; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐąĐ¸Đ˛ĐşĐ¸ Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x152; Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ° Đ¸Đˇ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020; Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛. Đ˘ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020; ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťŃ&#x2039;. Đ&#x2019;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐźĐžĐłŃ&#x192;Ń&#x201A; ĐąŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ´ĐžĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐşĐ¸. ĐĄĐžĐ˛ĐžĐşŃ&#x192;ĐżĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛Ń ĐľŃ&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐžĐ˛ Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Đž-Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐ° â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐ¸. Đ Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x152; ĐťĐ¸Đ˝ĐľĐšĐ˝Đž-Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐ°Ń? ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ° Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐ¸. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń?, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ĐˇĐ°Đ¸ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťŃ&#x2039;. Đ&#x2019;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x2039;, Đ´ĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐżĐž ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ°Đź Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°, ĐˇĐ°ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ Ń?ĐşĐ˛Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń Đ¸ĐťĐ°ĐźĐ¸, Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ Đ˛ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC; Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Đť Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° {F}e. Đ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐśĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐşĐ¸ Đ¸ĐźĐľĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ 0

(1)

ĐłĐ´Đľ [K]e â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ° ĐśĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x2030;Đ°Ń? Đ¸Đˇ ĐşĐžŃ?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐśĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸; (U)e â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC; Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐťĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;

ÂŁy Â&#x2122;yÂ&#x161; yÂ x{

Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; Â´ Â&#x201A; Â&#x201A; `iic\[fYWe`w ` hW_hWXfjb`

>K @e U e F e P eq P eg P He P Ve , 0

(1)

where [K]e is the matrix of elements hardness, consisting of coefficients hardness; (U)e is the nodal movement vector of hardness; (F)e is the vector of nodal forces; P eq is the distribution vector of mass and surface forces; P eg is the vector of energy forces; P He0 is the vector of initial deformations taking into account the thermal stresses. Firstly, in the calculation process of FEM, the elements matrix were defined F e P eq P eg P He0 P Ve 0 , and then the general matrices, equilibrium equation systems of the model on the standard rules of matrix components summation with the identical indexes were formed from them. It was assumed in studies that raw materials deformation in the technological cork was dynamic, and then on the basis of the Dâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Alembert principle the nodal forces were added to the equation (1), equivalent to the mass inertia forces which depended on the acceleration. As a result the differential matrix equation was obtained:

>m@e

d2 U e >C @e d U e >K @e U e dt 2 dt

F e

(2)

In (2) [m]e is the matrix of element mass which depends on the density of the raw materials in the technological cork Ď ; [C]e is the damping matrix which depends on the viscous damping coefficient Îź. The computational grid and research results of the first variant of the output truncated pyramid structure of the plunger system are shown in Fig. 8 Đ°â&#x20AC;&#x201C;8 c. The piston stroke of 49.059 mm is provided according to the calculations of distance of movement of crushed polymer raw materials in the process of its compaction, under the hydro cylinder pushing force of 16 MPa. It does not correspond to its given 185 mm movement. The short piston stroke can be caused, firstly, by the insufficient hydro cylinder pushing force; secondly, by the big convergence angle of the truncated pyramid (1:3). This leads to the strong compaction of crushed polymers and impossibility of their further supply into the reactor. It was proved experimentally. The maximum piston stroke is 44 mm, which corresponds to the calculation results with the tolerated error. The experimental

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>m@e

d2 U e >C @e d U e >K @e U e dt 2 dt

F e .

(2)

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result of piston stroke is smaller than the calculated one by 5 mm which is caused by the lack of the friction forces in the calculations, forming in the structures under the movement of the front plate of the piston. In Fig. 8 b and 8 c the range of distances of movement and stresses in the raw materials volume, situated inside the output truncated pyramid, are shown. The grade of colors is meant to be the calculated values according to the scale in the left upper corner (Fig. 8 b and 8 c). The computational grid of the second variant of the initial truncated pyramid structure with the smaller convergence angle was developed to evaluate the impact of the convergence angle of the initial truncated pyramid and distances of movement and stresses in the raw materials volume. Such variant of the structure increases the flow area of the pyramid output, thus allowing applying fewer forces to load the raw materials into the reactor. In Fig. 9 aâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;9 c the calculation results of the second variant model structure of the output truncated pyramid of the plunger system are considered. According to these calculations the distances of movement of crushed polymer raw materials in the process of its compaction, under the identical conditions are provided by the piston stroke of 177.11 mm which corresponds to the given value of 185 mm. It was proved experimentally. In this case the required value of the piston stroke is achieved, but there is a lack of raw materials compaction in the technological cork. As a result the pyrolysis gas broke through the plunger system which is not acceptable. The computational grid of the third variant of the initial truncated pyramid structure was developed in order to increase the density of the technological cork of the initial truncated pyramid under the given pushing force of the hydro cylinder of 16 MPa. The front plate of the piston was provided with the truncated pyramid according to Fig. 4 c and Fig. 5. In Fig. 10 aâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;10 c the calculation results of the third variant model structure of the plunger system were considered. According to the calculations the distances of movement of crushed polymer raw materials are provided by the piston stroke of 177.11 mm in the process of their compaction under these conditions. The piston stroke corresponds to the given value of 185 mm. It was

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Fig. 9. ĐĄalculation data on the second version of plunger system structure Đ Đ¸Ń . 9. Đ ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; a) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Computational Grid of the Second Variant of Initial Truncated Pyramid Structure / Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ° Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x192;Ń ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ¸Đ´Ń&#x2039;; b) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đą) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Calculation Results of Distance of Movement of Crushed Polymer Raw Materials in Process of its Compaction / Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;Ń? Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đľ ĐľĐłĐž Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?; c) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ˛) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Calculation Results of Stresses which are Formed in Process of Compacting of Crushed Polymer Raw Materials / Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đľ Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;Ń?

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Fig. 10. ĐĄalculation data on the third version of plunger system structure Đ Đ¸Ń . 10. Đ ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x152;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039; a) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Computational Grid of the Third Variant of Initial Truncated Pyramid Structure / Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐ° Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x152;ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x192;Ń ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ¸Đ´Ń&#x2039;; b) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đą) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Calculation Results of Distance of Movement of Crushed Polymer Raw Materials in Process of its Compaction / Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ˛ĐľĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;Ń? Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đľ ĐľĐłĐž Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?; c) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đ˛) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Calculation Results of Stresses which are Formed in the Process of Compacting of Crushed Polymer Raw Materials / Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš, Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đľ Ń&#x192;ĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x152;Ń?

proved experimentally. The largest raw materials compaction appears on the sides and top of the truncated pyramid (which is secured on the piston front plate of the plunger system), Fig 10 c. However, it does not provide the required hermiticity, and in this variant the pyrolysis gas breaks into the environment via the technological cork which is not acceptable. But there is still a possibility of breaking the gas into the environment under the continuous raw materials supply even when the smaller base of the truncated pyramid is connected with the reactor and wastes are fed into the gas environment. In the variant of Fig. 8 there is a lack of applied forces of the hydro cylinder on the compression of the polymers in order to avoid the recoverable deformations. There is a small conicity of the output nozzles in Fig. 9 and 10, and as a result the steam and gas mixture under the pressure breaks through the bunker into the environment. It does not provide the ecological cleanness of the technological process. Research data defined all disadvantages of the technological cork, formed with the different nozzles under the crushed polymers supply into the gas environment of the reactor. More advanced structure of the plant for the continuous pyrolysis of the solid organic wastes with the plunger system of the crushed polymers supply not into the gas environment of the reactor but into the melt was suggested [4]. This increases the security of the channel hermitic sealing of the raw materials supply of plunger system using the molten polymer which hardens under the additional external cooling (in the air microcavity of technological cork). The output nozzle in the form of a truncated pyramid was turned 180 Â° and connected with the larger base of the pyramid to the reactor, and the smaller one was connected with the plunger supply system (Fig. 11) in order to reduce the pushing force of the pre-formed technological cork and forming of the new one. The main differences of the structural scheme are: â&#x20AC;&#x201C; small pushing force of the thermoplastic polymer into the reactor (even after the full stop of the reactor the molten polymer will harden in the middle of the cone nozzle);

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Fig. 11. Polymer Waste Supply System into the Liquid Fraction of Hermetically Sealed Reactor: Đ Đ¸Ń . 11. ĐĄĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° ĐżĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐťĐ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ ĐśĐ¸Đ´ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐłĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°: a) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; structural scheme of the initial nozzle in the form of the truncated pyramid / ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐ° ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˝Đ°Ń Đ°Đ´ĐşĐ¸ Đ˛ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đľ Ń&#x192;Ń ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ¸Đ´Ń&#x2039;; b) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Đą) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the 3D model of the plunger system / 3D-ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152; ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ˝ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;; 1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; hydro cylinder / ĐłĐ¸Đ´Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐťĐ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x20AC;; 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; piston front plate / ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˝Ń?Ń? ĐżĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ° ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2C6;Đ˝Ń?; 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; cone nozzle / ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x192;Ń Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ˝Đ°Ń Đ°Đ´ĐşĐ°; 4 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; crusher knife-coolers / Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˝ĐžĐśĐ¸-ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐťĐ°Đ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐ¸; 5 â&#x20AC;&#x201D; cooling system / Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ° ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐťĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?

â&#x20AC;&#x201C; breakthrough possibility of the vapor mixture into the environment is excluded, since the pressure on the technological cork is formed by the height of polymer melt pole height, not gas environment. The bigger the pressure of the melt pole is, the bigger is the compaction of the crushed polymers in the technological cork (Fig. 11); â&#x20AC;&#x201C; presence of the four knives, placed on the sides of truncated pyramid, in the initial nozzle of plunger system. The knives are fixed to the surface of the initial cone by bolts and are placed near the smaller cross-section of the pyramid, connecting with the structure of plunger system. They perform the crushing function using the cutting ends plant against the raw material motion flow, and due to the heat transfer between the heated polymers and plane blade serve as an additional cooling circuit of raw materials. The main cooling circuit is a water-cooled housing which is placed on the side of the output nozzle. It is experimentally proved that the given structure of the output nozzle in the form of a truncated pyramid with the 1:3 conicity (see Fig. 11) recovers the technological cork in the process of the continuous raw materials supply with the given pressure value. The molten part of the technological cork from the side of reactor under hardening is easily pushed by the hydraulic cylinder under the reheating of the reactor in the installation operating mode (when the plant operation is finished). The multicircuit circulatory pyrolysis plant provides operation in the continuous and environmentally safe modes. CONCLUSION. 1. The efficiency of the series development of reliable and environmentally safe plants of polymer waste utilization for marine economy complex on the multicircuit circulatory pyrolysis technology is shown. 2. The presented theoretical calculations of the compacting parameters of crushed polymers in the output nozzle of plunger system in the ANSYS software package are verified with the experimental data.

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3. The fundamental dependence of the counterforce of the compacted crushed polymers from the internal pressure in the reactor under providing their pushing into the reactor in a frozen state in the case of its restart after stopping is defined. 4. The suggested structure of the output nozzle in the form of a truncated reverse-pyramid with the 1:3 conicity leads to the forming of technological cork from supplied wastes and provides the complete hermiticity of the reactor at the continuous, environmentally safe operational mode (under the fixation of the larger base of pyramid to the reactor, and the smaller one — to the plunger system).

3. Выявлена принципиальная зависимость противодействия уплотненных дробленых полимеров от внутреннего давления в реакторе при обеспечении проталкивания их в реактор в застывшем состоянии в случае повторного запуска его после остановки. 4. Предложенная конструкция выходного наконечника в виде обратной усеченной пирамиды с конусностью 1:3 при закреплении большего основания к реактору, а меньшего к плунжерной системе способствует образованию технологической пробки из подаваемых отходов и обеспечивает полную герметичность реактора при непрерывном, экологически безопасном режиме работы.

Список литературы [1]

Коллеров, Л. К. Газомоторные установки [Текст] / Л. К. Коллеров. — М. ; Л. : Машгиз, 1951. — 240 с.

[2]

Пат. України на винахід кл. F23G5/027. Установка для безперервного піролізу твердих органічних відходів [Текст] / Маркіна Л. М., Рижков С. С., Рудюк М. В. — № 96079 ; опубл. 26.09.2011, Бюл. № 18.

[3]

Пат. України на винахід кл. F23G5/24. Установка безперервної термічної утилізації полімерних відходів [Текст] / Маркіна Л. М., Рижков С. С., Рудюк М. В., Гержов Ю. І. — № 93427 ; опубл. 10.02.2011, Бюл. № 3.

[4]

Пат. України на винахід кл. F23G5/027. Установка безперервного піролізу полімерних відходів з платформою [Текст] / Маркіна Л. М., Рижков С. С., Рудюк М. В., Московко О. О. — № 103723 ; опубл. 11.11.2013, Бюл. № 21.

[5]

Мизгирев, Д. С. Проектирование специальных систем судов комплексной переработки отходов [Текст] : автореф. дис. … канд. техн. наук / Д. С. Мизгирев. — Нижний Новгород, 2009. — 23 с. __________________________________________________ © C. С. Рыжков, Л. Н. Маркина, Н. В. Рудюк, Ю. В. Заболотная Статью рекомендует в печать д-р техн. наук, проф. Н. И. Радченко

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Marina B. Solesvik

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Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Nikolaev Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture, University of Oslo, Norway 1 Đ?Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐťĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ Đ°Đ´ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐťĐ° Đ&#x153;Đ°ĐşĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°, Đł. Đ?Đ¸ĐşĐžĐťĐ°ĐľĐ˛ 2 ĐŚĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸, Đ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ¸ ĐşŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;, ĐŁĐ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ&#x17E;Ń ĐťĐž, Đ?ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐľĐłĐ¸Ń? 1 2

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Abstract. The number of interfirm collaborative agreements in shipbuilding increased dramatically over the last thirty years. The authors consider the issues related to the tight and effective cooperation in shipbuilding, i.e. between ship-owner, ship design company, shipbuilding yard and its suppliers, and classification societies aimed to build competitive vessels in terms of quality and price. The authors have compared two approaches to solve this task realized with the help of information and communication technologies applied in the Norwegian firms. The implications for research and practice are discussed. The avenues for the further research are presented. The study will be useful for practitioners from the maritime industries and scholars. Keywords: shipbuilding, engineering, interfirm collaboration, information and communication technologies, knowledge management. Đ?Đ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?. 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Solesvik M., Iakovleva T., Encheva S. Simulation and Optimization in Collaborative Ship Design: Innovative Approach. In Yuhua Luo (Ed.). Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 2001. pp. 151 â&#x2C6;&#x2019; 154. Solesvik M. The Use of 3D Optical Measurement Systems in Collaborative Ship Design. In Yuhua Luo (Ed.). Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 2011. pp. 30 â&#x2C6;&#x2019; 36. Dave Đ&#x2019;., Koskela L. Collaborative Knowledge Management â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the Construction Case Study. Automation in Construction, 2009, vol. 18, pp. 894 â&#x2C6;&#x2019; 902. Al-Ghassani M. Literature Review on KM Tools. Report. Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom, 2002. Bruce G. J., Garrard I. The Business of Shipbuilding. London, Hong Kong, LLP, 1999. 300 p. Cheng N. Y. Approaches to Design Collaboration Research. Automation in Construction, 2003, vol. 12, pp. 715 â&#x2C6;&#x2019; 723. Bronsart R., Gau S., Luckau D., Sucharowski W. Enabling Distributed Ship Design and Production Processes by the Information Integration Platform. Paper presented at 12th International Conference on Computer Applications in Shipbuilding (23.08 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 26.08.2005). Busan, 2005. Solesvik M. Interfirm Collaboration in the Shipbuilding Industry: the Shipbuilding Cycle Perspective. International Journal of Business and Systems Research, 2011, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 388 â&#x2C6;&#x2019; 405. Solesvik M. Interfirm ĐĄollaboration: The Context of Shipbuilding. BodĐž Graduate School of Business, 2010, vol. 26, 315 p. Solesvik M., Encheva S. Offshoring Decision Making in the Logistics of the Norwegian Shipbuilding Yards. WSEAS Conference in Dallas, 2007, March 22 â&#x2C6;&#x2019; 24. Magnus F. NĐ°sdis Company Uses Đ?vĐľvĐ° Đ&#x153;Đ°rine for the Design of the SŃ Đ°rabĐľĐž 8 Drilling Platform. Available at: http://www.aveva.com/~/media/Aveva/Russian-RU/Success_Stories/NASDIS.ashx Solesvik M., Encheva S. Partner Selection for Interfirm Collaboration in Ship Design. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 2010, vol. 110, no. 5, pp. 701 â&#x2C6;&#x2019; 717. Solesvik M. Strategic Alliances in Maritime Industry â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the Norwegian Experience. In Prause, G. (Ed.) Regional Networking as Success Factor in the Transformation Processes of Maritime Industry Experiences and Perspectives from Baltic Sea Countries. Wismar Discussion Papers. Wismar Business School, Wismar, 2010, pp. 66 â&#x2C6;&#x2019; 79. Eisenhardt K. M. Building Theories from Case Study Research. Academy of Management Review, 1989, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 532 â&#x2C6;&#x2019; 550. Walsham G. Knowledge Management: the Benefits and Limitations of Computer Systems. European Management Journal, 2001, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 599 â&#x2C6;&#x2019; 608.

Problem statement. Composition and structure of the factors of material objects production or provision of services remain the subject of intensive research for a long time. If we abstract from irrelevant details, we can notice that the views of our predecessors on this issue were changing along with the metamorphosis which took place in relationships which accompanied the processes of production and distribution of goods. Their relatively simple forms, even in the emerging machine production conditions, led to the conclusion that the resources necessary for its organization are: the land (with its bowels), objects of labor, means of labor, activities aimed at the transformation of the initial components into the product (the results of the work), ready for final consumption. The development of the commodity-money relations expanded this range due to the real capital and the entrepreneurial initiative. Transition to a phase of human development, which is called â&#x20AC;&#x153;industrial societyâ&#x20AC;? (it was accompanied by the rapid rise of science and technology and their applications in all the areas of human life), forced to re-evaluate the role of technology and management. Management was re-evaluated especially in the context of the exten-

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sion of corporations as a highly effective and therefore popular procedural and institutional form of business (though with such danger as managerialism). The emergence of the microprocessor technology has revolutionized the human world. This revolution was so rapid, deep and diverse in its manifestations that the analysts began to talk about the new information age. However, it was incredibly short in duration, and then it was replaced by the knowledge time1. Although this statement does not seem certain, at least in the statements of the individual researchers, hardly anyone will dare to deny the role of this factor is in the fundamental transformation of the economic panorama of the reality which surrounds us. Knowledge, â&#x20AC;&#x201D; as Reed. R and DeFillipppi R. J. emphasize, â&#x20AC;&#x201D; is considered to be one of the most important resources which give competitive advantages to the company if they are used effectively [1]. Robert Buckman agrees with them: â&#x20AC;&#x153;The era of companies, focused on knowledge, began. And in this situation the one is ahead who managed to concentrate the unformalized intellectual experience within their organization and figured out how to transfer it from one employee to anotherâ&#x20AC;? [2, Ń . 10]. Moreover, in the increasingly globalized world, the companies-producers tend to integrate not only the corporate knowledge but also the external one with their maximum productivity. Actually, it is the work in the developing business networks, which should provide the best adaptability to intensive changes in the closest environment, according to the ideologists of business networks and supporters among entrepreneurs. However, it is possible to achieve this goal due to the use of the tools and procedures that became known as information and communication technologies (ICT). References analysis. There is an opinion [3, 4], that they help to significantly reduce the expenditures for onnetwork knowledge management. The experience of the firms that invested heavily in the development and implementation of the software (applications) based on ICT confirms it [5, 6], including the automobile construction and processing industries [7]. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s beside the point of the construction engineering industry (at least if you trust the testimony of Al-Ghassani [8]). The presence of these contradictions in assessments may indicate that the knowledge management through information and communication technologies is not an easy task and it requires further investigation, especially taking into account the specific features of certain kinds of activities. The shipbuilding is among them where the ship engineering participants also seek to coordinate their activities within the co-projects.

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Ń ĐźĐľĐťĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152; Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x201E;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° Đ˛ Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ´Đ°ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐżĐ°Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźŃ&#x2039; ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐš Đ˝Đ°Ń Đ´ĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸. Đ&#x2014;Đ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?, â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x2018;Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Reed. R Đ¸ DeFillipppi R. J., â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x192; Ń Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Đź Đ¸Đˇ Ń Đ°ĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Đ°ĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń ĐžĐ˛, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ, ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸ Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Đž, Đ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐźĐľ ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ¸ĐźŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° [1]. ĐĄ Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ Ń ĐžĐťĐ¸Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ ĐžĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A; Đ&#x2018;Đ°ĐşĐźĐľĐ˝: ÂŤĐ?Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ¸ĐťĐ° Ń?ĐżĐžŃ&#x2026;Đ° ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš, ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ° ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x2DC; Đ˛ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐš Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˛ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ¸ ĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;, ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đž Ń Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐť Ń ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľĐš ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A; Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐ˝Ń?Đť, ĐşĐ°Đş ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ°Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐľĐłĐž ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ° Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐžĐźŃ&#x192;Âť [2, Ń . 10]. Đ&#x2018;ĐžĐťĐľĐľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž, Đ˛ Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń Đ¸ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐšŃ Ń? ĐłĐťĐžĐąĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸, ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸-ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ?Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń ĐźĐ°ĐşŃ Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐš Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ, Đ˝Đž Đ¸ Đ˛Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ¤Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Ń&#x152; Đ¸Đ´Ń&#x2018;Ń&#x201A; Đž Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đľ Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń Ń? ĐąĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľŃ -Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń?Ń&#x2026;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ˝Đž, ĐżĐž ĐźĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Đ´ĐľĐžĐťĐžĐłĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš, ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ°Đ¸ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x2C6;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžŃ Đ°ĐąĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đş Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Ń Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Đź Đ˛ ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐśĐ°ĐšŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐź ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸. Đ&#x201D;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐš Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐ¸ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž, ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐž, ĐąĐťĐ°ĐłĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Đ¸Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ Ń ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐşŃ&#x192;ĐżĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐşĐžĐźĐźŃ&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đ¸ (Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x161;Đ˘). Đ?Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸Đˇ ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;. ĐĄŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐźĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ [3, 4], Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐąĐťĐ°ĐłĐžĐ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń? Đ˝Đ¸Đź Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đ° Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐľ Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸. Đ&#x2022;ĐłĐž ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ´Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đź, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸Đ˝Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°ĐťĐ¸ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ˛ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşŃ&#x192; Đ¸ Đ¸ĐźĐżĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ (ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš), ĐąĐ°ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x161;Đ˘ [5, 6]. Đ&#x2019; Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľ, Đ˛ Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐźĐžĐąĐ¸ĐťĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ¸ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ [7]. ĐŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Đ˝ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ? Ń ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đž Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ¸Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ¸ (ĐżĐž ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐšĐ˝ĐľĐš ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đľ, ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸ Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°Đź Đ?ĐťŃ&#x152;Ghassani [8]). Đ?Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x192;ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đš

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In the context of this publication, the authors consider knowledge to be the ordered set of useful information which facilitate solution of the urgent problem (which arose spontaneously or was formulated by the process or project manager).

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The aim of the article. The desire to examine the impact of the industrial specific features on the use of ICT as a means of the knowledge management motivated the authors to study the topic which is in the title of this article. We hope it will be useful to project designers and will not remain without attention of the developers of corresponding IT-technologies. Basic material. Marine Engineering is a knowledgebased intelligent service provided in several stages: a technical design, a conceptual design, a functional design; a transitional design and a detailed design [9]. Different software is used for each of them: AutoCAD, TRIBON, FORAN, NUPAS and others. The main resource, mobilized by the specialized design bureaus, is the engineers knowledge. They are divided into: declared (drawings, specifications, other design documentation); private (know-how, expert recommendations, not patented innovations, experience gained in the development of previous projects). The specific features of exchange of each of the designated types of knowledge are obvious: if in the first case it does not cause any trouble, then in the second one it is determined by the need to use special procedures, including the conclusion of specific contracts (for example, the preliminary contract â&#x20AC;&#x201D; on the confidentiality of information). We believe it is possible to pay attention to several distinguishing features of the modern engineering: 1. Application of the computer-aided design systems in the production of specification, as well as the expanding of the range of means for integration of efforts through the information sharing within the network and the knowledge management technologies. [10] In the latter case we are talking about the influence on the formation, accumulation, interpretation, systematization, transmit-receive of knowledge. Also they are needed because: firstly, there is a need to reduce the duration of the design work cycle which escalates in an increasingly competitive environment; secondly, a lot of ship owners, designers, specialists of shipyards reside on the territories which are geographically distant from each other and are in different time zones (for example, Greece â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Netherlands â&#x20AC;&#x201C; China); thirdly, customer is able to change some requirements of the specification online. They may be needed as a result of the modernization of regulations2 or mistakes made by the developer which entails making amendments in the already completed design work fragments even on a single-type vessel.

___________ Especially if there is a long period between the issuance of specifications and the completion of the designing preproduction (there were cases in which it reached a few years during the global shipbuilding boom) [12]. 2

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Đ˛ Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐžĐ˛: Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;, Ń?Ń ĐşĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;, Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Đ´Đ¸ĐˇĐ°ĐšĐ˝; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A; [9]. Đ?Đ° ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐź Đ¸Đˇ Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń?Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°: AutoCAD, TRIBON, FORAN, NUPAS Đ¸ Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐ¸Đľ. Đ&#x17E;Ń Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń ĐžĐź, ĐźĐžĐąĐ¸ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ ĐąŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x20AC;Đž, Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸Đ˝ĐśĐľĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛. 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ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ [10]. Đ&#x2019; ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Đ˝ĐľĐź Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Ń&#x152; Đ¸Đ´Ń&#x2018;Ń&#x201A; ĐžĐą ĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?, Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐžĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?, Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸, Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸, ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸-ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2018;ĐźĐ° ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš. Đ&#x17E;Đ˝Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźŃ&#x2039; ĐľŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x2018; Đ¸ ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐźŃ&#x192;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž: Đ˛Đž-ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;, Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ Ń ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐşĐťĐ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;, ĐžĐąĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ°Ń?Ń Ń? 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2. Multicenter approach to organization of design. The need for it is due to the fact that a lot of subjects are interested in successful completion of the ship engineering (Fig. 1). Ideas R. Bronsart, S. Gau, D. Luckau, and W. Sucharowski [11], reflected on the scheme, have developed at the expense of the additional elements: shipbrokers, national and international maritime organizations. As you can see, the ship owner forms the general conception of the vessel and prepares specification for the design, emphasizing the purpose, the navigation area, the deadweight, the speed, the power plant type, as well as the level of automation of its manoeuvring (the ship as a whole), the composition and the number of crews, the requirements to habitability. At the same time, he takes into account the knowledge of experts of the shipping companies (including the crew members of the vessels of the existing fleet) with respect to the characteristics market of the cargo operations, the area of the world ocean, where the operation is planned. This knowledge is reflected in the decisions on the design features of the case, the performance of equipment and the machinery. 2 Especially if there is a long period between the issuance of specifications and the completion of the designing preproduction (there were cases in which it reached a few years during the global shipbuilding boom) [12]. Supposing, the transfer through the Bosporus and Dardanelles is on course, the width and the draft of the vessel must comply with the limitations of these straits. Similarly, the technical equipment of the assumed ports of call would affect the capacities of the ship loading and unloading mechanisms. Marketing philosophy of the ship owner also affects the choice of the vessel type, because the same goods such as frozen meat can be transported by refrigerators or container trucks in the tanks fitted with the cooling system. Somebody prefers the specialized fleet in order to benefit from the scale of business and the high professionalism of the teams. Others, seeking to reduce the business risks, order the universal vessels which can serve multiple markets, â&#x20AC;&#x153;tackingâ&#x20AC;? among them in dependence to the current state of the freight rates [13]. The next stage is the announcement of the tender for the production of he project documentation. The suggestions in this regard are sent, as usual, to the several engineering firms. They, in turn, prepare the basic specifications for the vessel, the general plan of arrangement (usually - three types) and, as for the winner of the tender with whom the contract is signed â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the working drawings, the registers of orders of the accessory equipment and materials. The architectural design of the vessel is performed together with the general one. Its aim is to develop solutions concerning the visual appearance, the general location of the premises, their planning, equipment and restoration. This part of the work is carried out either by the designer himself or by the specialized design bureau.

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Đ&#x161;ĐžĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´ Đş ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ Đ˝Ń&#x2018;Đź ĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐź, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ Ń&#x192;Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2C6;Đ˝ĐžĐź ĐˇĐ°Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đ˝ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝ĐłĐ° ĐˇĐ°Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝ Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐ¸Đš ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đł Ń Ń&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 1). Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐśŃ&#x2018;Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐľ Đ¸Đ´ĐľĐ¸ R. Bronsart, S. Gau, D. Luckau, and W. Sucharowski [11], ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ ĐˇĐ° Ń Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x2018;Ń&#x201A; Đ´ĐžĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?ĐťĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛: Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐąŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš. Đ&#x161;Đ°Đş Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ¸Đź, Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐ°Đ´ĐľĐťĐľŃ&#x2020;, Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐżŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐľ ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ, ĐžĐąĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń?: Đ˝Đ°ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐšĐžĐ˝ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?, Đ´ĐľĐ´Đ˛ĐľĐšŃ&#x201A;, Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đż Ń?Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đş ĐśĐľ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152; Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x17D; (Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝ĐžĐź Đ˛ Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐžĐź), Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ Đ¸ Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžĐźĐ°Đ˝Đ´Ń&#x2039;, Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đş ĐžĐąĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐľĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź, ĐžĐ˝ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš (Đ˛ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń? Ń&#x2021;ĐťĐľĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ Ń?ĐşĐ¸ĐżĐ°ĐśĐľĐš Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ´ĐľĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐ°) ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ° ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐšĐžĐ˝Đ° ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐžĐşĐľĐ°Đ˝Đ°, Đ˛ ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐź ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?. ĐŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐśĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐž ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ°, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐ¸Đź, ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇ Đ&#x2018;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC; Đ¸ Đ&#x201D;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ´Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐťĐťŃ&#x2039;, Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ°Đ´ĐşĐ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Đ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?Đź Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐťĐ¸Đ˛ĐžĐ˛. Đ?Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Đž, Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐľ ĐžŃ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżĐžĐťĐ°ĐłĐ°ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ° ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐźĐžŃ&#x2030;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń?Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐˇĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x153;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐşĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˝ĐłĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń? Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐťĐžŃ ĐžŃ&#x201E;Đ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐ°Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2020;Đ° Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐťĐ°Đ´Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐş Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐżĐ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°, Đ˛ĐľĐ´Ń&#x152; ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đ˝ Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐśĐľ ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đˇ, Đ˝Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;, ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐľĐ˝ĐžĐľ ĐźŃ?Ń Đž ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐšĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ˛ Ń&#x2018;ĐźĐşĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń?Ń&#x2026;, Ń Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐśŃ&#x2018;Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐžĐš ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐťĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x161;Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đž ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2018;Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżĐžŃ&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; Ń&#x201E;ĐťĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;, Đ´Đ°ĐąŃ&#x2039; Đ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐťĐľŃ&#x2021;Ń&#x152; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐłĐžĐ´Ń&#x192; Đ¸Đˇ ĐźĐ°Ń Ń&#x2C6;Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐąĐžĐ˛ ĐąĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľŃ Đ° Đ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201E;ĐľŃ Ń Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐźĐ° ĐşĐžĐźĐ°Đ˝Đ´. Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ, Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ?Ń Ń&#x152; Ń Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐşĐžĐźĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐşĐ¸, ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°, Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐžĐąŃ ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐžĐ˛, ÂŤĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń?Âť ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192; Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ Đ˛ ĐˇĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń Đ¸ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐłĐž Ń ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2026;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐžĐş [13]. ĐĄĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đš Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đż â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;Ń?Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝Đ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ° Đ˝Đ° Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ´ĐžĐşŃ&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸. Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐž Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐżĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192; ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;, ĐşĐ°Đş Đ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń?, Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐ¸Đź Đ¸Đ˝ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝ĐłĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Đź. Đ&#x17E;Đ˝Đ¸, Đ˛ Ń Đ˛ĐžŃ&#x17D; ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x152;, ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Ń?Ń&#x201A; ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°, ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đš ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? (ĐşĐ°Đş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐž, â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ°) Đ¸, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐşĐ°Ń Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżĐžĐąĐľĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ? ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń Đ°, Ń ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đź ĐżĐžĐ´ĐżĐ¸Ń Ń&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;, â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đľ Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐśĐ¸, Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐžĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ___________ Đ&#x17E;Ń ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž, ĐľŃ ĐťĐ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x192; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐˇĐ°Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ¸ ĐˇĐ°Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐ´ĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ´ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐžĐ´ (Đ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đ¸, ĐşĐžĐłĐ´Đ° Đ˛ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐžĐ´ ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐąŃ&#x192;ĐźĐ° ĐžĐ˝ Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐłĐ°Đť Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐťĐľŃ&#x201A;) [12]. 2

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Fig. 1. Knowledge Exchange among the Subjects Involved in Marine Engineering: Đ Đ¸Ń . 1. Đ&#x17E;ĐąĐźĐľĐ˝ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192; Ń Ń&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ¸, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Đş Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; Đ¸Đ˝ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝ĐłŃ&#x192;: Shipyard-builders of ship hulls â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸-Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ°; Ship-broker â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐąŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;; Ship owner â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐ°Đ´ĐľĐťĐľŃ&#x2020;; Ship testing tank â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐąĐ°Ń Ń ĐľĐšĐ˝; Suppliers of materials and marine equipment â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?; Information and communication system â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đž-ĐşĐžĐźĐźŃ&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°; Shipyards which perform the fitting-out â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸, Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐšĐşŃ&#x192;; Engineering firms â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ¸Đ˝ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝ĐłĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x2039;; International and national marine organizations â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸; Maritime Registrar â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž

Some shipbuilding companies have engineering units in their structure and thus offer a comprehensive service to the customer (design + construction). Thereby they are able to achieve the economy of time and reduce the cost, because the process of adaptation of the design documentation to the characteristics of the shipyard simplifies (e.g. the carrying capacity of the crane equipment, means of transportation, on which the hull sections are transmitted from the assembly and welding shop to the slipway, size of the outfitting quay, gates of the production areas etc). The need for knowledge exchange increases when the construction of the vessel is performed by several enterprises in terms of outsourcing [14]. Currently it is a very common practice. For example, by order of the Italian oil gas company Eni, the largest of its subsidiary enterprises Saipem was performing the design and construction of the deep-water semi-submersible Scarabeo 8 platform for its subsequent operation in the North Sea. So, the case with the upper deck (without deck structure) was produced in Russia (Severodvinsk), from where it was towed to Italy (Fincantieri shipyard) [15]. From time to time Ukrainian shipbuilders also get the job according to the similar schemes. As we can see, the western companies tend to save money, taking care of their own staff, too. Is not it the reason for absence of the orders for complete vessels in the country? If so, the revival of the industry is involuntarily associated with the formation of the national shipping companies, the development of other kinds of activities that fall under the category of â&#x20AC;&#x153;the economy of the seaâ&#x20AC;?. Focusing on the marked realias, we have identified the shipyards in Fig. 1 as an independent subject. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s add to it the exchange of knowledge got

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Ń ĐľĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ° Đ¸Đˇ Ń ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Đž-Ń Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń&#x2020;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ° Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐľĐťŃ&#x152;, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đź Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐśĐ˝ĐžĐš, Đ˛ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐžĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;.Đż). Đ&#x;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Đ˛ ĐžĐąĐźĐľĐ˝Đľ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ Đ˛ĐžĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;, ĐşĐžĐłĐ´Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Ń?ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ°Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ¸Đ˝ĐłĐ° [14]. ĐĄĐľĐłĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń? Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x152;ĐźĐ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2018;Đ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ°. Đ?Đ°ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;, ĐżĐž ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x192; Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń?Đ˝Ń ĐşĐžĐš Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐłĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Eni, ĐľŃ&#x2018; ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ˝ĐľĐšŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐľ Đ´ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐľĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đľ Saipem Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Ń?ĐťĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž ĐłĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐžĐşĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;ĐżĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x2039; Scarabeo 8 Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐš Ń?ĐşŃ ĐżĐťŃ&#x192;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐľŃ&#x2018; Đ˛ ĐĄĐľĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐžĐź ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đľ. Đ˘Đ°Đş Đ˛ĐžŃ&#x201A;, ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Ń Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ˝ĐľĐš ĐżĐ°ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐąĐžĐš (ĐąĐľĐˇ Đ˝Đ°Đ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐšĐşĐ¸) Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ˛ Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸Ń? (ĐĄĐľĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˛Đ¸Đ˝Ń Đş), ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşŃ&#x192;Đ´Đ° ĐľĐłĐž ĐąŃ&#x192;ĐşŃ Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°ĐťĐ¸ Đ˛ Đ&#x2DC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x17D; (Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x152; Fincantieri) [15]. Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸ ĐżĐž Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Ń Ń&#x2026;ĐľĐźĐ°Đź ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192; Đ¸ Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ¸Đ˝Ń ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐľĐťŃ&#x2039;. Đ&#x2014;Đ°ĐżĐ°Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;, ĐşĐ°Đş Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ¸Đź, Đş Ń?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛, Đ˝Đľ ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐąĐľĐˇ ĐˇĐ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ Ń ĐžĐąŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐžĐ˝Đ°Đť. Đ?Đľ Đ˛ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź ĐťĐ¸ ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đľ ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°-

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by the experts of the ship testing tanks where the hydromechanical characteristics of the ship models are being tested, as well as their seaworthiness and buoyancy. The owner selects a Maritime Registrar which inspects the design process performed by all the developers and oversees the construction quality at all the stages (through its offices located in the world's major shipbuilding centers). At the same time, relying on the recommendations of shipbuilders, he is negotiating with the suppliers of materials and component products (at times their number is more than a few hundred) [16]. The physical parameters of the equipment and instruments if we do not mention their technical characteristics, tend to have a significant impact on the decisions taken by the designers. In recent decades, the influence on the process of shipbuilding of the International Maritime Organization has grown. Its responsibility is the ensuring of the maritime transportation safety and environmental pollution prevention. The cause of this pollution is ships and other floating objects. Since its foundation (1959), its specialists have developed more than 40 conventions, nearly 1,000 codes and recommendations. Among them, there are such conventions as the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Shipsâ&#x20AC;?, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Convention for the Safety of Life at Seaâ&#x20AC;?, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Convention on the Prevention of Pollution from Shipsâ&#x20AC;? etc. The information they contain is particularly important in the preliminary stages of design. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s add that beside the exchange of knowledge outside, a large part of it falls on communications within the engineering organization: between the units of hull structures, machines and mechanisms, pipelines, electrical equipment, 3D graphics, production drawings (Fig. 2). To analyze the strengths and weaknesses of ICT platforms that have proliferated in practice, we used the method of comparison of the experiences of two Norwegian companies. One of them is small and specializes in commercial and naval ships, sharing its received orders with subcontractors. The second company â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the multifunctional one â&#x20AC;&#x201C; accumulated a considerable ex-

SHOPS Hull structures Machines and mechanisms Pipelines Electrical equipment Production drawings

Hull structures

ĐˇĐžĐ˛ Đ˝Đ° ĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐžĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°? Đ&#x2022;Ń ĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đş, Ń&#x201A;Đž Đ˛ĐžĐˇŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐśĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐťĐ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Đ°Ń Ń ĐžŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐľĐź Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Đ¸Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ´ĐľŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, ĐżĐžĐżĐ°Đ´Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐžĐ´ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ÂŤŃ?ĐşĐžĐ˝ĐžĐźĐ¸ĐşĐ° ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Âť. Đ&#x17E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń?Ń Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐźĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ°ĐťĐ¸Đ¸, ĐźŃ&#x2039; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Đ´ĐľĐťĐ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 1 Đ˛ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đľ Ń Đ°ĐźĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž Ń Ń&#x192;ĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐąĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Đź Đş Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐźŃ&#x192; ĐžĐąĐźĐľĐ˝ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸, ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ¸ ĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐąĐ°Ń Ń ĐľĐšĐ˝ĐžĐ˛, ĐłĐ´Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? ĐłĐ¸Đ´Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐš Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;. ĐĄĐžĐąŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸Đş Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐşĐťĐ°Ń Ń Đ¸Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đž, Đ¸Đ˝Ń ĐżĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛Ń ĐľĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸ Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐťŃ&#x17D;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ ĐˇĐ° ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžĐź Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ˝Đ° Đ˛Ń ĐľŃ&#x2026; ĐľĐłĐž Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2026; (Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇ Ń Đ˛ĐžĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201E;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x2039;, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐžĐśĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐźĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2026;). Đ&#x17E;Đ´Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž, ĐžĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń?Ń Ń&#x152; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš, ĐžĐ˝ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐłĐžĐ˛ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; Ń ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐşĐ°ĐźĐ¸ ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸Đš (Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐž, Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ°ĐźĐ¸, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐľĐ˝) [16]. Đ¤Đ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐżĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; ĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, Đ˝Đľ ĐłĐžĐ˛ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń? ĐžĐą Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2026;Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2026;, ĐşĐ°Đş ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸ĐťĐž, ĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A; Ń Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐľĐźŃ&#x2039;Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x2019; ĐżĐžŃ ĐťĐľĐ´Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ´ĐľŃ Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐťĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń? Đ˛ĐžĐˇŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ ĐťĐž Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Đ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ Đ&#x153;ĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐžĐš ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸. ĐĄŃ&#x201E;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ° ĐľŃ&#x2018; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐąĐľĐˇĐžĐżĐ°Ń Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐžĐş Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžĐşŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐš Ń Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Ń&#x2039;, Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐžĐź ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłĐž Ń?Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ° Đ¸ Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐ¸Đľ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đľ ĐžĐąŃ&#x160;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x2039;. ĐĄĐž Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ¸ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? (1959 Đł.), ĐľŃ&#x2018; Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đž ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ 40 ĐşĐžĐ˝Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš, ĐżĐžŃ&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ 1000 ĐşĐžĐ´ĐľĐşŃ ĐžĐ˛ Đ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐşĐžĐźĐľĐ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đš. ĐĄŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ¸ Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ÂŤĐ&#x161;ĐžĐ˝Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐž ĐžĐąĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Âť, ÂŤĐ&#x161;ĐžĐ˝Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐž ĐžŃ&#x2026;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐťĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐš ĐśĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝Đ¸ Đ˝Đ° ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľÂť, ÂŤĐ&#x161;ĐžĐ˝Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; ĐˇĐ°ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Ń?ĐˇĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Âť Đ¸ Đ´Ń&#x20AC;. Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐžĐ˝Đ¸ Ń ĐžĐ´ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐśĐ°Ń&#x201A;, ĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž Đ˛Đ°ĐśĐ˝Đ° Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń?Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐżĐ°Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x201D;ĐžĐąĐ°Đ˛Đ¸Đź, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐźĐľ ĐžĐąĐźĐľĐ˝Đ° ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ Đ˛ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Đľ, ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐľĐłĐž Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐşĐžĐźĐźŃ&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Đ¸Đ˝ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝ĐłĐžĐ˛ĐžĐš ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸: ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192; ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš, ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˝ Đ¸ ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐžĐ˛, Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛, Ń?ĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐšŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛, 3Đ&#x201D;-ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐśĐľĐš (Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń . 2).

Machines and mechanisms +

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Electrical equipment +

Production drawings +

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Pipelines

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Fig. 2. Knowledge Exchange within the Organization: Đ Đ¸Ń . 2. Đ&#x17E;ĐąĐźĐľĐ˝ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸: SHOPS â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x2039;; Hull structures â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐşĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐżŃ&#x192;Ń Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đš; Machines and mechanisms â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Đ˝ Đ¸ ĐźĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐźĐžĐ˛; Pipelines â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛; Electrical equipment â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń?ĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐžĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?; Production drawings â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐśĐľĐš

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perience in the ships design: fishing, research, passenger, bulk ships as well as container carriers, tankers, refrigerators, tow boats. The company has a wide network of branches in the country and in other countries (Bulgaria, Brazil, India, China, Poland, Russia, Serbia). The expansionist aspirations abroad arise from a number of motives: firstly, they became a response to the growing demand for engineering services, accompanied by employment of professionals in countries with the relatively (compared to Norway) low payroll rate [17]; secondly, to enter the new markets of design (tankers in particular); thirdly, the desire to bring their offices nearer to the shipyards where the main customers of working documentation build ships. In this case, a high level of understanding between people who speak the same language (by the way, detailed drawings are made in it), familiar with the national technical standards, who finally have a common cultural background. Initial information for the analysis was obtained by the following methods: the survey (the semi-structured personal interview, the questionnaire) of the project managers, the observation (during the visit of the head offices) and the data systematization which are available on the Internet (for the purpose of triangulation). The methodology developed by Eisenhardt was used in the data processing [18]. On the basis of initial impressions, it became apparent that the effectiveness of the IT-compatible tools of knowledge exchange is crucial for the productive design. Two kinds of them were identified: universal ones â&#x20AC;&#x201D; are used in the process of design of ships and other engineering structures; created to meet the needs of a particular designer company on the original platform. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s consider the advantages and the disadvantages of each of them, appealing to the experience of the firms mentioned above. The first one is based on the standard system of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Educationâ&#x20AC;? in its work which was created for the educational institutions, and subsequently became widespread in business structures and some non-governmental organizations in Norway. This tool has a user friendly interface that allows one to combine multiple functions of the knowledge management. For example, each page contains a list of relevant experts with the contact information (phone number, email address) which substantially simplifies business communications. According to the functional principle their

Đ&#x201D;ĐťŃ? Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đź Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x161;Đ˘, ĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ° ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸ĐşĐľ, ĐąŃ&#x2039;Đť Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝ ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´ Ń ĐžĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ´Đ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐľĐśŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đź. Đ&#x17E;Đ´Đ˝Đ° Đ¸Đˇ Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đş ĐşĐ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐłĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐşĐžĐźĐźĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Đ˛ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đž-ĐźĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x2026;, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ´ĐľĐťŃ?Ń? ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2039; Ń Ń Ń&#x192;ĐąĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń?Đ´Ń&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐ°ĐźĐ¸. Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń? â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐžŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x192;Đ˝ĐşŃ&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐžĐżĐ¸ĐťĐ° ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš ĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛: Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžĐťĐžĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x2020;ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026;, Đ¸Ń Ń ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026;, ĐżĐ°Ń Ń Đ°ĐśĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026;, Đ˝Đ°Đ˛Đ°ĐťĐžŃ&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐšĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐˇĐžĐ˛, Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201E;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛, ĐąŃ&#x192;ĐşŃ Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛. Đ&#x161;ĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżĐžĐťĐ°ĐłĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐťŃ&#x2018;Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x201E;Đ¸ĐťĐ¸Đ°ĐťĐžĐ˛ Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ¸ Đ˛ Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐłĐžŃ Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x2026; (Đ˛ Đ&#x2018;ĐžĐťĐłĐ°Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ¸, Đ&#x2018;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐ¸ĐťĐ¸Đ¸, Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Đ´Đ¸Đ¸, Đ&#x161;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đľ, Đ&#x;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ, Đ ĐžŃ Ń Đ¸Đ¸, ĐĄĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐąĐ¸Đ¸). ĐĐşŃ ĐżĐ°Đ˝Ń Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń ĐşĐ¸Đľ Ń&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐˇĐ° Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐąĐľĐśĐžĐź ĐžĐąŃ&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐźĐ¸: Đ˛Đž-ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;, ĐžĐ˝Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐź Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đš Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Đ˝Đ° Đ¸Đ˝ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝ĐłĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐłĐ¸, Ń ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐśĐ´Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐźŃ Ń? Đ˝Đ°ĐšĐźĐžĐź Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ Đ˛ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž (ĐżĐž Ń Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D; Ń Đ?ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐľĐłĐ¸ĐľĐš) Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐşĐ¸Đź Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ˝ĐľĐź ĐžĐżĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ° [17]; Đ˛Đž-Đ˛Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;, Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ˝ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ° Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? (Đ˛ Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸, Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛); Đ˛-Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Đ¸Ń&#x2026;, Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐąĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń Đ˛ĐžĐ¸ ĐžŃ&#x201E;Đ¸Ń Ń&#x2039; Đş Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201E;Ń?Đź, ĐłĐ´Đľ ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐ°ĐˇŃ&#x2021;Đ¸ĐşĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐš Đ´ĐžĐşŃ&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A; Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ°. Đ&#x2019; Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Đľ Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐłĐ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń ĐžĐşĐ¸Đš Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ĐľĐ˝Ń&#x152; Đ˛ĐˇĐ°Đ¸ĐźĐžĐżĐžĐ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192; ĐťŃ&#x17D;Đ´Ń&#x152;ĐźĐ¸, ĐłĐžĐ˛ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń?Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ Đ˝Đ° ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐź Ń?ĐˇŃ&#x2039;ĐşĐľ (Đ˝Đ° Đ˝Ń&#x2018;Đź, ĐşŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ Ń ĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;, Đ¸ĐˇĐłĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ´ĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐśĐ¸), ĐˇĐ˝Đ°ĐşĐžĐźŃ&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐźĐ¸, Đ¸ĐźĐľŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸, Đ˛ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;Đľ ĐşĐžĐ˝Ń&#x2020;ĐžĐ˛, ĐžĐąŃ&#x2030;Đ¸Đš ĐşŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš Ń&#x201E;ĐžĐ˝. Đ&#x;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Đ°Ń? Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đ´ĐťŃ? Đ°Đ˝Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ° ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ° Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Đ°ĐźĐ¸: ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ (ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝ĐžĐľ Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Ń&#x152;Ń&#x17D;, Đ°Đ˝ĐşĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ) Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşĐžĐ˛ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐľĐš ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, Đ˝Đ°ĐąĐťŃ&#x17D;Đ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ (Đ˛Đž Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ? ĐżĐžŃ ĐľŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐłĐžĐťĐžĐ˛Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x201E;Đ¸Ń ĐžĐ˛) Đ¸ Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń? Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026;, Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;ĐżĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ Đ&#x2DC;Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝ĐľŃ&#x201A; (Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ°Đ˝ĐłŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ?Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸). Đ&#x;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐşĐľ ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°ĐťĐ°Ń Ń&#x152; ĐźĐľŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐşĐ°, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń? Eisenhardt [18]. ĐŁĐśĐľ Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Đľ Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐž ĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž Ń?Ń&#x201E;Ń&#x201E;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń ĐžĐ˛ĐźĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐźŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x2020;Đ˘-Đ¸Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐžĐąĐźĐľĐ˝Đ° ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸ĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˛Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152; Đ´ĐťŃ? ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?. Đ&#x2018;Ń&#x2039;ĐťĐ¸ Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń?Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Ń&#x2039; Đ´Đ˛Đ° Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ°: Ń&#x192;Đ˝Đ¸Đ˛ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Ń Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2026;ĐžĐ´Ń?Ń&#x201A; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Đ˝Đľ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐşĐž Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛, Đ˝Đž Đ¸ Đ´Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐłĐ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Đ˝ĐśĐľĐ˝ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń ĐžĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš; Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐťĐľŃ&#x201A;Đ˛ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐżĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐąĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐš ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐľĐťŃ&#x2018;Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x2039;-ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Ń&#x201A;Đ° Đ˝Đ° ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ĐłĐ¸Đ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš ĐżĐťĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x201E;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐźĐľ. Đ Đ°Ń Ń ĐźĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đź Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ¸Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ° Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐşĐ¸ ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đˇ Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026;, Đ°ĐżĐľĐťĐťĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń? Đş ĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192; ĐžĐąĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˛Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2C6;Đľ Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đź. Đ&#x;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛Đ°Ń? Đ˛ Ń Đ˛ĐžĐľĐš Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐąĐžŃ&#x201A;Đľ ĐžĐżĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐźŃ&#x192; ÂŤĐ&#x17E;ĐąŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľÂť, Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Đ˛ Ń Đ˛ĐžŃ&#x2018; Đ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ? Đ´ĐťŃ? Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐąĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐˇĐ°Đ˛ĐľĐ´ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đš Đ¸, Đ˛ Đ´Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐľĐšŃ&#x2C6;ĐľĐź ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Ń&#x2C6;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˛ ĐąĐ¸ĐˇĐ˝ĐľŃ -Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ Đ˝ĐľĐşĐžŃ&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ˝ĐľĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Ń?Ń&#x2026; Đ?ĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐľĐłĐ¸Đ¸. 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participants are divided into three categories: a) administrator who manages the project from its beginning to the end in compliance with all the legislation and corporate regulations; b) design engineers who perform the tasks within their professional specialization. They are entitled to perform the corresponding operations within the project to which they are â&#x20AC;&#x153;connectedâ&#x20AC;?; c) observers. These are the people representing the interests of the shipyard, shipping company, Maritime Registrar. Showing a natural interest in the results of the design, they can download the necessary documents in the â&#x20AC;&#x153;read-onlyâ&#x20AC;? mode. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Forumâ&#x20AC;? in real-time provides opportunities to discuss the issues arising in the design; intensive exchange of unique knowledge about the design features of the shipyard, the marine and industrial equipment offered for delivery, the experience gained in the construction of other vessels. The "References" section contains information about national standards, regulations, international regulations, and other useful information. Finally, the storage of the developed drawings is organized in a systematic way. It allows using them in the future. In the second company the knowledge exchange is organized simultaneously on exogenous and endogenous levels. Top management pays close attention to the improvement of the knowledge management procedures and the development of the collaboration culture within the corporation. The main and the regional offices are equipped with the videoconferencing equipment and the systems of information protection. Here the Kronodoc Solutions tool is in use. Firstly, it allows handling of the large streams of information which tend to increase; secondly, it allows creating, sharing and spreading knowledge from internal and external sources; thirdly, it allows assigning efforts of the staff rationally and saving a lot of money by reducing the number of paper media. Moreover, with its help it is possible to avoid conflicts arising from the creation of a drawing (as it has happened many times in the past). When an engineer works with the document, other stakeholders do not have access to it. The completed work is to be verified by the administrator and only after its positive evaluation it is placed on the website of the project for the revision of the ship owner and the shipyard specialists. The recipient gets their written comments and suggestions via e-mail. Making amendments opens the way for the drawing to a Maritime Registrar. The â&#x20AC;&#x153;approved for productionâ&#x20AC;? reso-

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lution is the actual resolution to produce the ship hull parts and sections; to carry out assembly operations and other works. The platform has a library of previous projects for the use within the firm. The opportunity to re-apply the knowledge gained in previous periods significantly shortens the period of the design drawings development for the new customers, as well as the period of approval of the documents by the Maritime Registrar. It should be noted that the developers provided the high level of security of Kronodoc: the full access to files is available only in the offices of the company. The rights of access to the information base to the other interested parties are limited. In addition to the engineering functions, the product performs a number of administrative functions. For example, the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Staff work time loggingâ&#x20AC;? application is used to record the number of hours which employees all over the world spend to perform their duties. The automatic registration of the actual logon and logoff is checked. Thus, the accounting department receives the information required for the payroll accounting (including overtime hours), and the management department is able to control and plan the activities of employees. It is noteworthy that the vast majority of the respondents (74%) who participated in the interviews praised the quality of the mentioned tool, describing it as the tool which is well designed and easy to use. The comparative analysis of the experience of modern ICT technologies application in marine engineering led to the conclusion that both the surveyed firms seek to maximize the impact of the knowledge exchange among their employees and members of the "supply chain". The choice of software products which help to achieve this goal, is, of course, influenced not only by the financial resources (68%), but also by the internal architecture of each of them (71%). If the organizational structure is simple, the standard relatively simple knowledge management tool is preferred. The arguments in favor of his choice are as follows: the ease of administration (60%) and use (80%), the low initial investments (58%) and the expenditures for current maintenance (62%). The multinational company (with the matrix internal structure3) faces many big challenges. In particular, they

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Ń ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ&#x2DC;Đ&#x161;Đ˘-Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x2026;Đ˝ĐžĐťĐžĐłĐ¸Đš Đ˛ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x2020;ĐľŃ Ń Đľ Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đ˝ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝ĐłĐ°, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛Ń&#x2018;Đť Đş ĐˇĐ°ĐşĐťŃ&#x17D;Ń&#x2021;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x17D;, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐžĐąĐľ ĐžĐąŃ ĐťĐľĐ´ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x2039; Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐźŃ?Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? Đş ĐźĐ°ĐşŃ Đ¸ĐźĐ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐťŃ?Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đš ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń&#x192; Ń Đ˛ĐžĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ Ń ĐžŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°ĐźĐ¸ Đ¸ Ń&#x192;Ń&#x2021;Đ°Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐ°ĐźĐ¸ ÂŤŃ&#x2020;ĐľĐżĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐşĐ¸ ĐżĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˛ĐžĐşÂť. Đ?Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐłŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐźĐźĐ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛, ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐľŃ&#x2021;Đ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Ń&#x2026; Đ´ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ĐśĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐš Ń&#x2020;ĐľĐťĐ¸, Đ˛ĐťĐ¸Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;, Ń&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐźĐľĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń?, Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Đ˝Đ°Đ˝Ń ĐžĐ˛Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ˛ĐžĐˇĐźĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸ (68 %), Đ˝Đž Đ¸ Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Ń?Ń? Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2026;Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đ° ĐşĐ°ĐśĐ´ĐžĐš Đ¸Đˇ Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x2026; (71 %). Đ˘Đ°Đź, ĐłĐ´Đľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľŃ&#x2021;Ń&#x152; Đ¸Đ´Ń&#x2018;Ń&#x201A; Đž Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐťĐžĐśĐ˝ĐžĐš ĐžŃ&#x20AC;ĐłĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐš Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Đľ, ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐ´ĐżĐžŃ&#x2021;ĐťĐ¸ Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝Đ´Đ°Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đš, ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ˝ĐžŃ Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐš Đ¸Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A; Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸. Đ?Ń&#x20AC;ĐłŃ&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˛ ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇŃ&#x192; ĐľĐłĐž Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐąĐžŃ&#x20AC;Đ° Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐłĐťŃ?Đ´Ń?Ń&#x201A; Ń ĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸Đź ĐžĐąŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐˇĐžĐź: ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ° Đ°Đ´ĐźĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? (60 %) Đ¸ Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐťŃ&#x152;ĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? (80 %), Đ˝Đ¸ĐˇĐşĐ¸Đľ ĐżĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ˛ĐžĐ˝Đ°Ń&#x2021;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Đ¸Đ˝Đ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2020;Đ¸Đ¸ (58 %) Đ¸ ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐşŃ&#x192;Ń&#x2030;ĐľĐľ ĐžĐąŃ ĐťŃ&#x192;ĐśĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ (62 %). Đ˘Ń&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˝Ń Đ˝Đ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐžĐ˝Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Đ°Ń? ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń? (Ń ĐźĐ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đź Đ˛Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸Đź Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐžĐľĐ˝Đ¸ĐľĐź3) Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐşĐ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A;Ń Ń? Ń ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐąĐžĐťŃ&#x152;-

___________

This is a characteristic feature of enterprises specializing in the development of projects which require a non-standard combination of the diverse knowledge, competencies and skills taken from the internal and external environment with the high speed of the information exchange.

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are determined by the extensive branch network (46%), the number of employees (51%), the international client base (38%), the burdensome travel expenses (47%) (including the geographic dispersal of local offices, building locations, headquarters of the ship owners). It creates additional risks causing the well-known concern among the owners (74%) and managers (81%) as the results of surveys show. Isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t it surprising that under such circumstances the knowledge management tools are complicated and become more customer oriented, and the IT-department staff gets bigger? Only the major market players can cope with such an additional â&#x20AC;&#x153;burdenâ&#x20AC;?. Despite the discussed differences, ICT technologies were harmoniously integrated into the process of the knowledge management and significantly improved the efficiency of marine engineering in both of these examples. It refuted the fears expressed by our predecessors [19 and others], about the allegedly negative impact of the mentioned tools on the knowledge management of the firms and a significant increase in the complexity of the design works. If it does happen, it is compensated by the rise of the quality of the engineering solutions. CONCLUSION. 1. The entry of mankind in an era of knowledge economy has historically coincided with the transformation of the world into a single global system in which there is a relatively free movement of goods, people, capital, and, of course, information as the embodiment of the gained practical experience as well as the results of cognitive activity. The worsening of confrontation on the market caused by globalization, including marine engineering, pushes the firms, specializing in providing this kind of intelligent services, to find ways to strengthen their competitive positions. 2. The means of achieving this goal is integrating of businesses efforts, regardless of their location, organizational and legal form of business. The criteria for selection of the best from among the many claimants are: the economic effectiveness of outsourcing and the professional competence of specialists (the quality of their knowledge), as well as their ability to modernize and expand. 3. The increase of intra- and inter-organizational knowledge management, the reduction of the expenses of coordination of marine engineering and the design quality growth involve the use of information and communication technologies, which refute the incredulous looks about them as the undertaken studies showed. The standard tools are better for the small firms with relatively simple needs in industrial cooperation. On the contrary,

Ń&#x2C6;Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐąĐťĐľĐźĐ°ĐźĐ¸. 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ĐŃ&#x201A;Đž Ń ĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Ń&#x2018;Ń&#x201A; Đ´ĐžĐżĐžĐťĐ˝Đ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Đľ Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Ń ĐşĐ¸, Đ˛Ń&#x2039;ĐˇŃ&#x2039;Đ˛Đ°Ń?, ĐşĐ°Đş ĐżĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°ĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; ĐžĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ ĐžĐ˛, Đ¸ĐˇĐ˛ĐľŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˝Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D; ĐžĐąĐľŃ ĐżĐžĐşĐžĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152; Ń&#x192; Ń ĐžĐąŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ˛ĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ¸ĐşĐžĐ˛ (74 %) Đ¸ Ń&#x192; ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˛ĐťĐľŃ&#x2021;Ń&#x2018;Đ˝Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ ĐźĐľĐ˝ĐľĐ´ĐśĐľŃ&#x20AC;ĐžĐ˛ (81 %). ĐĄĐťĐľĐ´Ń&#x192;ĐľŃ&#x201A; ĐťĐ¸ Ń&#x192;Đ´Đ¸Đ˛ĐťŃ?Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x152;Ń Ń?, Ń&#x2021;Ń&#x201A;Đž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ¸ Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐ¸Ń&#x2026; ĐžĐąŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x2026; Đ¸Đ˝Ń Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;ĐźĐľĐ˝Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x2039; Ń&#x192;ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Đ˛ĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? ĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń?ĐźĐ¸ Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťĐžĐśĐ˝Ń?Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń?, Ń Ń&#x201A;Đ°Đ˝ĐžĐ˛Ń?Ń&#x201A;Ń Ń? 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ĐşĐ°Đş Đ˛ĐžĐżĐťĐžŃ&#x2030;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐžĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ˝ĐžĐłĐž ĐżŃ&#x20AC;Đ°ĐşŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Ń&#x2021;ĐľŃ ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐžĐżŃ&#x2039;Ń&#x201A;Đ°, Đ° Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐşĐśĐľ Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐˇŃ&#x192;ĐťŃ&#x152;Ń&#x201A;Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐ˛ ĐżĐžĐˇĐ˝Đ°Đ˛Đ°Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžĐš Đ´ĐľŃ?Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Đ¸. Đ&#x2019;Ń&#x2039;ĐˇĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐľ ĐłĐťĐžĐąĐ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ°Ń&#x2020;Đ¸ĐľĐš ĐžĐąĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x20AC;ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃ&#x20AC;ĐžŃ&#x201A;Đ¸Đ˛ĐžŃ Ń&#x201A;ĐžŃ?Đ˝Đ¸Ń? Đ˝Đ° Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039;Đ˝ĐşĐľ, Đ˛ Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐź Ń&#x2021;Đ¸Ń ĐťĐľ, Ń Ń&#x192;Đ´ĐžĐ˛ĐžĐłĐž Đ¸Đ˝ĐśĐ¸Đ˝Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;Đ¸Đ˝ĐłĐ°, ĐżĐžĐ´Ń&#x201A;Đ°ĐťĐşĐ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ&#x201A; Ń&#x201E;Đ¸Ń&#x20AC;ĐźŃ&#x2039;, Ń ĐżĐľŃ&#x2020;Đ¸Đ°ĐťĐ¸ĐˇĐ¸Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x17D;Ń&#x2030;Đ¸ĐľŃ Ń? Đ˝Đ° ĐžĐşĐ°ĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đ¸ Ń?Ń&#x201A;ĐžĐłĐž Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ° Đ¸Đ˝Ń&#x201A;ĐľĐťĐťĐľĐşŃ&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Đ°ĐťŃ&#x152;Đ˝Ń&#x2039;Ń&#x2026; Ń&#x192;Ń ĐťŃ&#x192;Đł Đş ĐżĐžĐ¸Ń ĐşŃ&#x192; Ń ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐąĐžĐ˛ Ń&#x192;ĐşŃ&#x20AC;ĐľĐżĐťĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń? 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the platforms which are being developed specifically for cases of the simultaneous knowledge management on the endogenous and exogenous levels, the customers dispersal, the significant amounts of information being processed at the same time, show their advantages.

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ĐĄĐżĐ¸Ń ĐžĐş ĐťĐ¸Ń&#x201A;ĐľŃ&#x20AC;Đ°Ń&#x201A;Ń&#x192;Ń&#x20AC;Ń&#x2039; [1]

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