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Psycholinguistics - Autor/a: Guanoluisa Evelyn 2
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Psycholinguistics - Autor/a: Guanoluisa Evelyn 3
UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO PSYCHOLINGUISTICS PROFESSOR: Ana Vera NAME: Evelyn Guanoluisa LEVEL: Fifth “A”
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Bruner .......................................................................................... 5 Pre-talking stage Cooing (0-6 months) ....................................... 6 Babbling stage (6-8 months)......................................................... 8 Holophrastic stage (9-18 months)..............................................10 The two-word stage (18-24 months) ..........................................12 Telegraphic stage (24-30 months) ..............................................14 Later multiword stage (30+months) ..........................................16
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Autor/a: Guanoluisa Evelyn
Psycholinguistics 5
Bruner
Bruner (1975), the child initiates joint actions with adults from birth, and these develop from the first year
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alking stage Cooing (0-6 months)
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Autor/a: Guanoluisa Evelyn
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Pre-talking stage or cooing At this stage, children begin to have fun with the emission of sounds and discover their possibilities. It is very important to note that the mother-child relationship at this stage and the individual characteristics of each child.
EXAMPLE
Babies begin to make sounds like: "Eh", "oh", "uh", and "ah"
A fun activity for baby is listening to the sounds around him, in this activity, the mom or dad can participate and speak to him in a singing way, the parents can talk to him about the day or any topic they want, the important thing is that they do it in a singing way. Other sounds that the parents can be exposed to the baby are nature sounds, animal sounds, or people speaking in another language.
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Babbling stage (6-8 months)
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Babbling stage Babbling is the sounds that infants produce as consonantvowel combinations, it is a period characterized by "copious speech but without order and energetic but without rule"
EXAMPLE
“mamama” “ba – ba” “goo – goo”
For this activity we are going to use the book "The Cat in the Hat", we choose this book since has different rhymes and striking pictures on each page. The mother will read this story to his baby while singing it. It is important for the mother to read each rhyme in the book enthusiastically in order to draw his baby's attention. While doing this activity, the mother can talk to her child, making questions, and waiting for him to react. For example: Did you like this book? How do you think about it?
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10 Holophrastic stage (9-18 months)
(HOLOPHRASTIC)
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HOLOPHRASTIC stage It is the children’s first single word which represents a sentence.
EXAMPLE
“Tedda”: I want my Teddy “Daddy”: Father “Mama”: Mother “Dada”: grandfather
For this activity, we will use the song "Old MacDonald Had a Farm", in order to sing it to the baby. As we sing it, we should clap according to the rhythm of the song and help the child to try to do this (clap). It is important that the child try to repeat some of the words that it says the song; for example, pig, oink-oink, quack-quack, cow. Don't forget to reward his little efforts by producing new words. 11
12 The two-word stage (18-24 months)
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The two-word stage It is the mini sentences with simple semantic relations. That is, in this phase the child combines two elements, these phrases are formed thanks to simple words that the child chooses from his everyday environment.
EXAMPLE
To ask for more: “more milk” Notice something disappeared: “no cookie” Notice something: “hi doggie”
This activity can be practiced anywhere. First, we choose some of his toys or things; then we pointed to one and asked, what is this?. We wait a few seconds for his answer and if he doesn't respond, we will do it for him. In this activity, it is not necessary that he answers correctly the name of things, the important thing is that he listens to us and attend to what we are teaching. In the same way, it is important to stimulate him, and not force the child to listen or speak when he does not feel like it
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14 Telegraphic stage (24-30 months)
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Telegraphic stage The child in this period produces and imitates short sentences of three, four or five words. The speech of this stage seems incomplete since the child removes elements such as prepositions, articles.
“this shoe wet”: The shoe is wetting EXAMPLE “cat drink milk”: The cat is drinking milk
In this activity, we will use the "Green Eggs and Ham" book to show them the pictures that are inside the book as we read it. We show them one of the pictures and ask them, what is he doing? We wait for his answer and when he does, we must correct it; that is, extending the child's expressions. For example, if he says "cat eat eggs", we answer, "The cat is eating the eggs and ham". In this activity, we can introduce new vocabulary and concepts on a regular basis.
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Later multiword stage (30+months)
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Multiword stage At this stage, the child increases his vocabulary faster with many new additions every day; no babbling at all. What he says have communicative intention.
EXAMPLE
“Doggy is big” “That is not egg” “I want more milk”
For this activity, we will use the song "If You're Happy and You Know It!". We will sing it together with the children as many times as necessary, and at the same time we will follow the instructions that the song dictates, for example; if it says "Clap your hands!", we should all applaud, if it says "stamp your feet!" we must perform that action. It is important to do this activity with enthusiasm and all children have to participate. This activity is a good system for children to learn words and grammatical constructions. Since children inadvertently memorize the letters.
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(Bibliography)
Bibliography
Bruner, Jerome S (1984). Acciรณn, pensamiento y lenguaje. Madrid: Alianza
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