Energy
How feed in tariffs can boost bio energy development in Germany & Indonesia Dr. Rudolf Rauch Principal Advisor, Renewables Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GIRED, Jakarta, 24 October 2011
17 GWp in Germany = 120GWp in Indonesia (Indonesia’s land area = 5 x Germany’s, solar irradiation = 50% higher than in Germany)
Development of the German PV Market (total 17200 MWp, 860000 systems @ average 20 kWp) Market Data Photovoltaics in Germany 2010*
18000
Newly installed power Total installed power Solar electricity produced No. of all systems installed Employees
17 GW
7,400 MWp 17,200 MWp 12,000 GWh 860,000 130,000
16000 7.408 14000
(Source: BSW -Solar) * Preliminary figures, rounded, 3/2011
12000
10000
Milestones 1991: First Feed -in Law (FIT with low tariffs) 1991 - 1995: 1,000 roofs program (grants) 1999 - 2003: 100,000 roofs program (loans) 2000: Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) (FIT) 2004 +2009: Amendment (revision) of EEG (FIT) 2010: Amendment (revision) of EEG (FIT)
3 .806
6000 1 .809
4000
1. 271
951 8 43
2000
6 70
3
3
3
3
4
7
12
10
12
42
78
118
13 9
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
1991
8000
0 2004
2005
2006
annually installed
2007
2008
2009
2010*
cumulated installed
2010 Source: BSW Solar
The „renewables – Made in Germany“ initiative
Commissioned by the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology Implementing agencies in Southeast Asia:
AHK, GIZ, GTAI, dena: close collaboration and joint implementation
Activities:
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Supporting new business partnerships Supporting project and market development Improving framework conditions
The „renewables – Made in Germany“ initiative
Aim of this Conference: To exchange experience To accelerate technology transfer To create business partnerships To support Indonesia in tapping its RE potential
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Renewable Energy in Germany
RE share of total final energy consumption
Status Quo: 10.9% Target for 2020: 18%
Total investment in the construction of RE installations in 2010: 26.6 Bio Euro Total economic boost from the construction of RE installations in 2010: 11.1 Bio Euro Jobs in the RE in Germany in 2010: 367 400 placeholder f or partner logos
Shares of renewable energy sources among total final energy consumption in Germany 2010 Total: 9,060 PJ1)
Wind energy 1.5 %
Other fossil energy resources (e.g. hard coal, lignite, mineral oil, natural gas) and nuclear energy 89.1 %
RES share 2010 10.9 %
Hydropower 0.8 %
Biomass2) 7.7 %
Other renewables 0.9 %
1) Energy Environment Forecast Analysis (EEFA) GmbH & Co KG; 2) Solid and liquid biomass, biogas, sewage and landfill gas, biogenic share of waste, biogenic fuels; Source: BMU-KI III 1 based on Working Group on Renewable Energy-Statistics (AGEE-Stat) and the Centre for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-W端rttemberg (ZSW), according to Working Group on Energy Balances e.V. (AGEB); RES: Renewable Energy Sources; deviations in the totals are due to rounding; 1 PJ = 10 15 Joule; as at: July 2011; all figures provisional
Source: BMU
Contribution of renewable energy sources to electricity supply in Germany 120,000
100,000
Hydropower
Wind energy
Biomass *
Photovoltaics
EEG: April 2000
[GWh]
80,000
60,000
40,000
EEG: January 2009 EEG: August 2004
Amendment to BauGB: November 1997 StromEinspG: January 1991 - March 2000
20,000
0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 * Solid and liquid biomass, biogas, sewage and landfill gas, biogenic share of waste; electricity from geothermal energy not presented due to negligible quantities produced; 1 GWh = 1 Mill. kWh; StromEinspG: Act on the Sale of Electricity to the Grid; BauGB: Construction Code; EEG: Renewable Energy Sources Act; Source: BMU-KI III 1 according to Working Group on Renewable Energy-Statistics (AGEE-Stat); image: BMU / Christoph Edelhoff; as at: July 2011; all figures provisional
Source: BMU
Economic boost from the construction of renewable energy installations in Germany 2010 Total: approx. 11.1 Bill. EUR Hydropower
370 Mill. EUR
Geothermal energy
600 Mill. EUR
740 Mill. EUR
Photovoltaics
Wind energy
1,280 Mill. EUR
Biofuels
3,050 Mill. EUR 4,870 Mill. EUR
Biomass (electricity & heat) 0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
* Only fuels used exclusively to supply heat; Geothermal energy is not shown in this figure, because of the small turnover by operation (EUR 4.0 million); deviations in the totals are due to rounding; Source: BMU-KI III 1 according to the Centre for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Wuerttemberg (ZSW); as at: July 2011; all figures provisional
5,000
[Mill. EUR]
Source: BMU
The German Bioenergy Sector
6.000 Biogas Power Plants (total 2.279 MW, avererage capacity 400 kW 220 CHP biomass power plants (total 1200 MW, average capacity 6 MW) 12 billion Euro turnover/a in the industry 128.000 jobs 65,2 mio t avoided CO2-Emissions (total avoided emissions through RE: 120 mio t)
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Source: Bundesverband Bioenergie e.V.
Regulatory Framework: The Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG)
Purchase obligation for electricity grid operators Priority integration of RE into the grid Guaranteed remuneration rates for a 20-year period Feed-in-tariffs vary according to technology and system size Annual degression for the tariff measured by capacity growth of the respective technology
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Indonesia„s Biomass Energy Potential & how to tap it
Overall potential > 10000 MW Most economic target: agroindustry with surplus waste Biggest potential palm oil (600 mills, 4500 MW) Others: sugar (62 mills), rice, tapioca starch FIT adds value to waste and increases efficiency
Policy & tariff issues Administrative issues Technical issues
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Example Palm Oil Mills Thailand Power Potential from POM Residues 10 MW / mill Biogas 1MW
EFB 2.3 MW
F
Fibers 4.6 MW
0.7 MW
Shells 2.7 MW
• 25 biogas plants (range 0.5 MW – 4.2 MW) • 7 biomass power plants (1 MW – 12 MW
Energy
Thank You
Get the Mega Watts! Terima Kasih rudolf.rauch@giz.de
Content
The „renewables – Made in Germany“ initiative The renewable energy market and the regulatory framework in Germany The bioenergy potential in Indonesia How to tap it
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Energy
The initiative „renewables – Made in Germany“
Partners in the “renewables – Made in Germany” initiative German Chambers of Commerce (AHKs) and the Association of German Chambers of Industry and Commerce (DIHK) The German Chambers of Commerce represent German business and support German companies operating abroad. The chambers are responsible for the AHK business trip programme. They organise special events overseas and establish contacts with potential customers and partners in target markets. The local chambers are coordinated by the Association of German Chambers of Industry and Commerce.
The German Energy Agency (dena) dena provides industry and export-specific information and advises companies on issues connected with foreign markets. It also carries out marketing activities for German technologies and companies abroad. The “Solar roofs programme” is part of its remit.
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH GIZ is implementing the Project Development Programme (PDP). PDP organises information events in Germany and abroad. It is responsible for organising business trips and trips for delegations visiting Germany. Capacity development and policy advisory services complement the range of services offered.
Germany Trade & Invest (GTAI)
Germany Trade and Invest is responsible for foreign trade, and marketing Germany as a business location. Germany Trade and Invest also provides information about foreign markets.
Energy
Renewable energy in Germany
Feed-in and payment under the Electricity Feed Act (StromEinspG) and the Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) in Germany 14,000
90 Feed-in under StromEinspG [TWh/a] 80
Feed-in under EEG [TWh/a]
12,000
Payment of fees [Mill. EUR]
70 EEG: April 2000
EEG: August 2004
60
8,000
50 Amendment to BauGB: November 1997
6,000
EEG: January 2009
40
[TWh/a]
[Mill. EUR]
10,000
30 4,000 StromEinspG: January 1991 - March 2000
20
2,000
3.5 1.0
0
1.3
1.6
2.3
2.8
3.7
10
4.8 6.8
7.9
10.4 18.1 25.0 28.4 38.5 44.0 51.5 67.0 71.1 75.1 80.7 0
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 StromEinspG: Act on the Sale of Electricity to the Grid; BauGB: Construction Code; EEG: Renewable Energy Sources Act; 1 TWh = 1 Bill. kWh; Source: BMU-KI III 1 according to Working Group on Renewable Energy-Statistics (AGEE-Stat); Year 2010: provisional estimate (IfnE); image: BMU / Bernd M端ller; as at: July 2011; all figures provisional
Source: BMU
Development of installed biogas plants and capacity in Germany 5.000
1.800 4.500
Biogas plants
4.000
3.711
Capacity
3.500 Number of plants
4.100
3.500
1.435
1.600 1.400
1.271
1.200 1.100
3.000
2.680 2.500
1.000
2.500 650
2.000 1.600
1.500
1.750
600
1.300 1.050
333
850
1.000 139
159
186
274
370
390
256
617
500
182
450 65
400 200
50
0
19 92 19 93 19 94 19 95 19 96 19 97 19 98 19 99 20 00 20 01 20 02 20 03 20 04 20 05 20 06 20 07 20 08 20 09
0
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800
Source: German Biogas Association
Installed capacity [MW]
4.500
Development biomass CHP and structure 2008 250
1400 biomass plants
Capacity
1200 200
150
800
600
100
installed capacity [MW]
number of plants
1000
400 50 200
0
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Source: Deutsches BiomasseForschungsZentrum placeholder f or partner logos
The German Bioenergy Industry Structure of electricity supply from biomass in Germany 2010 Total: 33.3 TWh Biogenic liquid fuels: 5.4 %
Biogenic solid fuels: 35.4 %
Biogenic share of waste: 14.0 %
Landfill gas: 2.0 %
Biogas: 39.9 % Sewage gas: 3.3 %
Source: BMU-KI III 1 according to Working Group on Renewable Energy-Statistics (AGEE-Stat); 1 TWh = 1 Bill. kWh; deviations in the totals are due to rounding; as at: July 2011; all figures provisional
Source: BMU placeholder f or partner logos
Current feed-in-tariff for PV and estimations for 2012 For systems at or on buildings (or integrated) feeding to the grid: < 30 kWp
> 30 kWp
> 100 kWp
> 1.000 kWp
(Ct/kWh)
(Ct/kWh)
(Ct/kWh)
(Ct/kWh)
28.74
27.33
25.86
21.56
0%
0%
0%
0%
Tariffs as of Jul 1, 2011
28.74
27.33
25.86
21.56
Tariffs as of Jan. 1, 2012 **app.. 15 % degression
24.43
23.23
21.98
18.33
Year of commissioning Jan 1, 2011
Tariff degression Jul 1, 2011
For ground-mounted PV systems feeding to the grid: Year of commissioning
Commercial zones, on construction systems, along motor- & railways
Conversion and sealed areas (Ct/kWh)
(Ct/kWh)
Jan 1, 2011
Tariff degression Jul 1, 2011
21.11
22.07BSW Solar Source:
0%
0%
Tariffs as of Jul 1, 2011
21.11
22.07
Tariffs as of Jan 1, 2011*
18,94
18,76 Source: BSW Solar
Remuneration system for electricity from biogas and biomass
Biogas in 2009
(Degression: 1,5% - Duration: 20 years)
Up to 500 kWel in ct/kWh
500 kWel - 5 MWel in ct/kWh
1 MWel - 5 MWel in ct/kWh
more than 5 MWel in ct/kWh
Landfill gas
9,00
6,16
-
-
Sewage gas
7,11
6,16
-
Mine gas
7,16
7,16
(up to 1 MWel)
5,16
Biomass in 2009
Biomass
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4,16
(Degression: 1 % - Duration: 20 years)
Up to 150 kWel in ct/kWh
150 kWel – 500 kWel in ct/kWh
500 kWel - 1 MWel in ct/kWh
5 MWel – 20 MWel in ct/kWh
11,67
9,18
8,25
7,79
Source: BMU