Highlights | Winter 2015 by EastWest Institute

WINTER 2015

Highlights Global Cooperation in Cyberspace

In this issue: 2014 ANNUAL AWARDS DINNER 5th ANNUAL GLOBAL COOPERATION IN CYBERSPACE SUMMIT COUNTERING VIOLENT EXTREMISM WOMEN POLITICAL LEADERS ADVANCE PEACE AGENDA U.S.-CHINA COOPERATION EWI LEADER: BILL IDE EWI SVP Bruce McConnell and Microsoft Corporate VP Scott Charney

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A Message from the Lead Team

he EastWest Institute continues to provide hard-hitting programs focused on helping to solve some of the world’s most difficult problems. The program year for 2014 concluded with a flurry of high-level discussions, meetings and publications that championed solutions to challenges in cyberspace, Afghanistan and U.S.-Russian-Iranian cooperation in countering Afghan narcotrafficking. We are poised for an equally exciting year in 2015 with programs and plans to champion recommendations for improved economic growth in Central Asia; potential expansion of our U.S.-China Sanya Initiative; and development of a more comprehensive Middle East-North Africa program. We are encouraged by the efforts of our branding and marketing outreach in support of a comprehensive search for a new CEO. The institute’s continuous high-level engagement across all initiatives enabled significant impacts in several of the most difficult security issues in 2014. The Cyberspace Cooperation summit in Berlin in December solidified EWI as a global leader in championing breakthrough engagement around a range of cyberspace issues requiring deep international cooperation with both the public and private sectors. The implications of establishing a new government in Afghanistan, combined with the withdrawal of coalition forces, set the conditions for multilateral agreement between chambers of trade and commerce in Central Asia. These agreements led to concrete recommendations for economic growth and stability between Afghanistan and its neighbors. A major, recently released U.S. Senate report prominently featured EWI proposals to enhance U.S. cooperation with both Russia and Iran on the issue of Afghan narcotrafficking. The publication cited a meeting report by the Russia and United States Program’s Joint U.S.-Russia Working Group on Afghan Narcotrafficking, characterizing specific suggestions for cooperation as important steps forward. And in its latest annual report, a major U.S. congressional commission on China cited EWI’s policy proposals for reducing military tension across the Taiwan Strait, substantially raising EWI’s profile in the United States Congress as a national thought-leader on U.S.-China relations issues. The results of EWI’s engagement in 2014 have enabled an aggressive 2015 plan of action. EWI will follow through on its successes in the New Year. We have been invited to New Delhi, Islamabad, Kabul and Dushanbe to champion our recommendations for economic development in Central Asia. We are exploring opportunities to expand our military-to-military dialogue to Japan and other countries, which will improve security in Northeast Asia. We are engaging with regional leaders to find ways to help develop solutions to the continuous threats posed by the Islamic State, positioning ourselves as potential groundbreakers with Iran and other Middle East and North African nations. These are examples of our continued commitments with the critical issues of our time. As EWI prepares to welcome a new CEO, we maintain solid programs and a committed global network. We are refining our branding and communications plans by reaching out to our wide network of supporters. Above all, we remain committed to being a top-level, independent organization that helps bridge divides and find innovative solutions to the world’s most challenging problems.

James L. Creighton Chief Operating Officer

Bruce W. McConnell Senior Vice President

David J. Firestein Perot Fellow and Vice President, Strategic Trust-Building

Tim Wierzbicki Chief Development Officer and Vice President

Amb. Martin Fleischer Ambassador and Vice President, Regional Security

Sarah Miles Williams Director of Communications

EWI Highlights | WINTER 2015

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For more pictures visit EWI on Flickr: www.flickr.com/photos/ewinstitute

2014 Annual Awards Dinner EWI held its annual Awards Dinner on October 23, honoring Deputy Secretary of State William J. Burns with the inaugural John Edwin Mroz Global Statesman Award for his career-long commitment to strengthening international cooperation.

he award— established in memory of EWI’s late founder, president and chief executive officer—will continue to recognize those carrying forth his vision of a peaceful world passionately achieved through building trust. A dedicated career Ambassador with the Department of State, Ambassador Burns served tours in Jordan and Russia, and was assistant secretary of state for Near Eastern Affairs and undersecretary for Political Affairs, among many other posts. Ambassador Burns

has received a long list of awards for his distinguished service, including the 2006 Charles E. Cobb Jr. Ambassadorial Award for Initiative and Success in Trade and Development and the 2005 Robert C. Frasure Memorial Award for Conflict Resolution and Peacemaking. Named Deputy Secretary in July 2011, he is the second career diplomat in history to assume the position. In November 2014, Ambassador Burns retired from the State Department and now serves as the President of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Clockwise: Awards Dinner at the Four Seasons, Amb. William J. Burns and EWI Chairman Ross Perot, Jr.

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EWI Highlights | WINTER 2015

Cyberspace

he three-day summit opened to a packed room at the German Foreign Office Conference Center in Berlin with over 250 participants from 42 countries, bringing together government officials, academics and private sector representatives from major technology companies to discuss the key issues facing the future of cyberspace today. Discussions shed light on key tensions that face

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the future of cyberspace, including the need for more cooperation between world governments to effectively regulate Internet conduct. Dr. Markus Ederer, state secretary of the German Federal Foreign Office and a keynote speaker at the event, stressed that Internet systems remain vulnerable, arguing that “In order for us to live in a truly global village, we must agree on laws and regulations that keep all of us safe and protect all of our critical

infrastructures.” Speaking candidly, Baroness NevilleJones, UK’s former minister of Security and Counterterrorism, discussed the difficulty of effective regulation, given differing views on how to balance the privacy of citizens against the importance of protecting critical infrastructures. “You in Germany can put higher restrictions on your security services, but it will lower your level of security,” Neville-Jones

noted, “and then you will rely on your allies to do the things that you don’t want to do yourselves.” EWI Senior Fellow FranzStefan Gady, speaking at the Young Cyber Leaders Respond panel, emphasized that the next generation of leaders will see cybersecurity issues from a more optimistic perspective. “We do not operate under a Cold War paradigm mindset,” Gady argued. In between plenary sessions, leading experts

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Learn more about #cybersummit2014 at: www.cybersummit.info

In early December 2014, EWI hosted the fifth annual Global Cooperation in Cyberspace Summit in Berlin.

Launch of Microsoft and Huawei Technologies White Papers In December 2014, two of EWI’s corporate partners published papers that contribute to and challenge important conversations in cyberspace policy.

D and practitioners met in seven off-the-record Breakthrough Groups, each group tackling a different topic. The Breakthrough Groups meet in person semiannually and continue their work online throughout the year. As EWI Senior Vice President Bruce McConnell emphasized

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in Berlin, the real work of the summit happens in Breakthrough Groups by building relationships between key stakeholders and producing concrete and actionable recommendations. In 2015, EWI’s cyberspace program will continue to assist world leaders on cyberspace issues.

uring EWI’s Global Cyberspace Cooperation Summit in Berlin, Microsoft published a white paper titled “International Cybersecurity Norms: Reducing Conflict in an Internet-Dependent World.” The paper helps to support the efforts of the Breakthrough Group “Promoting Measures of Restraint in Cyber Armaments,” which convened at the summit. The white paper proposes six cybersecurity norms for states to adopt in order to limit conflict in cyberspace. The

paper also includes a plan for an expanded role for the private sector in enforcing cybersecurity norms and an argument for the necessity of a multi-stakeholder approach. Also during the summit in Berlin, Huawei Technologies launched its own white paper, “Cyber Security Perspectives: 100 requirements when considering end-to-end cyber security with your technology vendors.” The paper helped support the work of the “Increasing the Global Availability of Secure ICT Products and Services” Breakthrough Group.

“The ‘Top 100’ report fills an important gap in the cybersecurity literature available to public and private sector enterprises today,” said EWI Senior Vice President Bruce McConnell during the paper’s launch event. “It gives customers a powerful tool to communicate with their vendors their desire for more secure products and services.” These papers will continue to shape discussion and bring new issues to light as Greakthrough Groups continue to meet.

EWI Highlights | WINTER 2015

Learn more about EWI’s regional security program at: www.ewi.info/department/regional-security

Regional Secu Countering Violent Extremism In response to the developments in Iraq and Syria in 2014, EWI has recast its attention toward the rapid advancements made by the Islamic State as part of its Countering Violent Extremism initiative. In November, EWI participated in two events on the subject.

n November 13-14, EWI’s Brussels Center held a three-panel roundtable discussion series titled “Countering Violent Extremism in Iraq and Syria: A Regional Approach.” Regional experts, academics and policy makers gathered to discuss the causes of the extremist group’s advancements in Syria and Iraq and develop concrete recommendations for policy makers combatting ISIS at the local, national, regional and international levels. The recommendations highlight the necessity for cooperation at

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multiple policy levels in order to erode the Islamic State’s military capabilities and influence. Action could include:

•

• •

Enabling cooperation between local, national and international law enforcement and intelligence operations to identify ISIS combatants; Providing a forum for cross-border Sunni dialogue; Supporting efforts to cut off the Islamic State’s funding by identifying financial sources and enforcing sanctions.

In addition to hosting the roundtable discussions, Ambassador Martin Fleischer, EWI’s senior vice president of Regional Security, spoke about the Islamic State and violent extremism at the European Parliament on November 11 as part of the Kangaroo Group Lunch Debate event. Fleischer discussed the international community’s role in combatting ISIS and meaningful ways in which policy makers in Europe could supplement efforts on the ground in Syria and Iraq.

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urity Businesses Take Action to Unlock Trade in the Region EWI’s Afghanistan Reconnected Moves Forward

s momentum continues to grow from our June release of Afghanistan Reconnected: Regional Economic Security Beyond 2014, EWI invited government officials, business leaders and academics to meet in Istanbul on November 26-27 to discuss Afghanistan’s economic future. Participants included distinguished public and private sector representatives from Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, China, the United Arab Emirates and the United States. The conference helped to support EWI’s Afghanistan Reconnected process, which seeks to engage business and government leaders to implement economic preconditions for the stability of post-2014 Afghanistan and its neighbors. The initiative’s goal is to move Afghanistan from a “security

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economy,” reliant on a continual supply of foreign aid and military personnel, toward a more dynamic economy that is a key player in strengthening regional economic security. Participants diagnosed the most significant barriers affecting the growth of Afghanistan’s economy. Policy makers should address the following:

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The need for a more active contribution in economic policy making from local business; The shortage of bilateral negotiations between Afghanistan and other regional governments to liberalize trade for transit agreements, border arrangements and energy sharing; The lack of effective and transparent government institutions in Afghanistan, which make for a challenging

business environment. Business leaders agreed Afghanistan needs to improve transparency and accountability, effective rule of law, an efficient judiciary system and enforcement of property rights. At the conclusion of the conference, participants also produced 13 concrete recommendations for Afghan and regional policy makers to facilitate interregional trade, improve transport infrastructure and facilitate energy trade. EWI will continue to deploy resources towards providing further understanding and developing important relationships to help Afghanistan reach its potential as a regional economic player. To that end, we will continue to work with key public and private sector actors. Additionally, EWI will host a followup event in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, in fall 2015. EWI Highlights | WINTER 2015

China 8th U.S.-China High-Level Security Dialogue In November, a high-level U.S. delegation led by General (ret.) Eugene E. Habiger held four days of meetings in Beijing with top Chinese officials and experts.

he confidential meetings, organized by the EastWest Institute in partnership with the China Institute of International Studies, marked the eighth U.S.China High-Level Security Dialogue. Convening academics, business leaders, and former and current military and government officials, the dialogue aims to generate concrete recommendations to policymakers in both

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countries towards building a common vision for the bilateral relationship, promoting mutual long-term trust and fostering cooperation in challenging areas. Delegates conferred on prospects and challenges for cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region, building trust in the U.S.China military-to-military relationship and the development of â&#x20AC;&#x153;a new type of major country relationshipâ&#x20AC;? between the U.S. and China. www.ewi.info

Learn more about our work with China at: www.ewi.info/places/china

Piin-Fen Kok Discusses U.S.-China Cooperation

Threading the Needle Continues Raising EWI’s Profile

WI continues to generate significant impact on Capitol Hill from its ideas for building U.S.China trust over arms sales to Taiwan and reducing military tension across the Taiwan Strait. In November, the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission (USCC)—a key congressional commission that studies issues affecting U.S.-China security relations—released its 2014 annual report on China, citing substantial content relating to EWI’s proposals in its policy www.ewi.info

report Threading the Needle: Proposals for U.S. and Chinese Actions on Arms Sales to Taiwan. The USCC’s annual report included quotes from and transcripts of EWI Vice President David Firestein’s June 5 testimony before the Commission. The testimony and report— which is widely distributed to the U.S.-China policy community—have substantially raised EWI’s profile in the United States Congress as a national thought-leader on U.S.-China relations issues.

n the lead-up to President Barack Obama’s November trip to China and participation in the Asia-Pacific Economic Forum (APEC), EWI Director of China, East Asia and United States Program Piin-Fen Kok discussed possible avenues for U.S.-China cooperation with People’s Daily China reporter Li Bingxin. Kok expressed cautious optimism about the future of U.S.-China relations. Citing a collaborative exercise between the two major powers to train Afghan diplomats, Kok argued that there is a precedent for the U.S. and China to work together to solve bilateral and regional issues. Kok also highlighted improvements in rule of law within both countries as an avenue for further bilateral cooperation. “In short, strengthening the rule of law should be among both countries’ goals,” said Kok. “Strict enforcement of regulations would encourage foreign investors to invest boldly and confidently, contributing to an all-around increase in economic cooperation.” Kok also raised EWI’s efforts to bring U.S. and Chinese political party leaders together in order to discuss party governance, national governance, military affairs and security issues. EWI will continue to bring together high-level officials from the two largest economies in the world to improve understanding and increase cooperation.

EWI Highlights | WINTER 2015

Learn more about EWI’s Parliamentarians Network at: www.pncp.net

Parliamentar Women Political Leaders Advance Peace Agenda As conflict embroils their regions, female politicians from Pakistan, Afghanistan, Egypt and Morocco met with their counterparts in the U.S. to discuss how to rise to their common challenges as women and leaders in peace and security, from November 17-20.

WI’s Parliamentarians Network for Conflict Prevention and Women’s Action for New Directions held the third Women, Peace and Security series in Rabat, Morocco, in partnership with the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. The fourday event involved both internal discussions and high-level policy meetings, including with H.E. Mrs. Bassima Hakkaoui, Morocco’s Minister of Solidarity, Women, Family and Social Development. “When women come to power, men say that we take their place,” H.E. Mrs. Hakkauoi said. “But we say that we take our place.”

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Morocco proved an instructive backdrop. Even with its constitution enshrining parity between men and women and its Governmental Plan for Equality, the nation must take concerted action to reach these ideals. “If we wait for society to advance things, it will take a long time,” H.E. Mrs. Hakkaoui claimed. She is one of only two female ministers in Morocco’s 25-member cabinet. The conference came with special significance, as UN Security Council Resolution 1325 soon celebrates its 15th anniversary. The resolution aims for equal and full involvement of women in conflict resolution and

peacekeeping. While strides have been made— such as the development of National Action Plans to implement the resolution—participants agreed to push for more progress. Taking matters into their own hands, the coalition pledged to team up and produce a policy paper and other advocacy materials urging the continued relevance of Resolution 1325, despite its age, in Morocco and in their own countries. Efforts to put National Action Plans into practice are to be redoubled. The coalition also identified and discussed shared challenges to peace, security and

women’s equality. The list includes: violent extremism; a rise in militarism; interconnected regional security threats; withdrawal from Afghanistan; and displacement resulting from widespread violence. Such “escalating violence and instability in parts of the Middle East” only made the mission more urgent, said Georgia State Senator and President of the Women Legislators’ Lobby of WAND Nan Grogan Orrock. “To act together on our shared commitment to strengthen the role of women across the globe in building sustainable peace.”

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rians

On a Dangerous Mission Conference participants who were polled illustrated that among women leaders:

36%

are not supported by their family in pursuing a political career

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86%

have received threatening letters, phone calls and death threats

100%

didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t consider leaving politics, despite these threats

Parliamentarians Network is also on Facebook: www.facebook.com/EWIparliament and Twitter: www.twitter.com/ewiparliament EWI Highlights | WINTER 2015

Connect with EWI on LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/company/eastwest-institute

People EWI Welcomes New Members to the Board of Directors Kim Campbell

ampbell has spent much of her life breaking barriers for women. Currently she spends her time working on and speaking about issues such as democratic governance, leadership, non-proliferation and the advancement of women. She is a member and chair emerita of the Council of Women World Leaders (1999-2003). The Councilâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s membership consists of women who hold or have held the office of President or Prime Minister.

and is past Chair of the Council of Women World Leaders. She was Secretary General of the Club of Madrid (2004-2006), an organization of former presidents and prime ministers, of which she is a founding member.

Campbell is a member of the International Womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Forum, a global organization of women of significant and diverse achievement. She served as its president (20032005) and was inducted into the IWF Hall of Fame in 2008.

Today, Kim Campbell devotes the majority of her time to serving as the founding principal of the new Peter Lougheed Leadership College at the University of Alberta. She also chairs the steering committee for the World Movement for Democracy and serves on the boards and advisory committees of a number of international organizations including the Arab Democracy Foundation, Forum of Federations and the International Center for the Study of Radicalization.

Campbell served as Canadian Consul General in Los Angeles (1996-2000), taught at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government (2001-2004),

The third print edition of her bestselling political memoir, Time and Chance, was released in May 2008 by the University of Alberta Bookstore.

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Throughout her political career in Canada, Kim Campbell was deeply engaged in international issues including law reform and criminal justice, international trade (her signature appears on the NAFTA side agreements) and security (both as Minister of Defense and Prime Minister; as Justice Minister she served on the War Cabinet during the First Gulf War.) Since leaving politics, Campbell continues to be involved in global issues where she works with many world leaders and former heads of state and government. Her views are sought in many international fora. Kim Campbell has a B.A in Political Science (with Honors), and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of British Columbia. She is also an honorary fellow of the London School of Economics, and holds nine honorary doctorates. www.ewi.info

EWI Alumnus Appointed Minister of Healthcare of Ukraine Alexander Kvitashvili, EWI’s former senior director of administration, has been appointed Healthcare Minister of Ukraine on December 3.

Karen Linehan Mroz

aren Mroz is president of Roscommon Group Associates. She is a consultant specializing in programs for children’s education and women’s entrepreneurship in the Middle East as well as program and organizational development for nonprofit organizations. As president of the Middle East Children’s Institute (MECI), she developed MECI’s programs in the West Bank and established an education program for Syrian refugees and under-privileged children in Jordan. MECI operated unique comprehensive community development programs that included children’s education, women’s empowerment and community development. Prior to MECI, Karen was the founding executive director of Friends of UNRWA-USA, a national nonprofit established to raise public awareness of and private funds for over 5 million Palestine refugees under the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA). She spent considerable time in camps and UNRWA facilities for Palestinian refugees in Gaza, the West Bank, Syria, Lebanon and Jordan. She served as a program officer with The Goldman Sachs Foundation, the Institute of International Education, and was an elected member and vice chairperson of a public board of education in Massachusetts, focusing her efforts on special education initiatives. Since 1980, she participated in the creation and development of the EastWest Institute with her late husband, John Edwin Mroz, EWI’s co-founder. www.ewi.info

Haifa Al Kaylani Appointed to Board of Directors at Arab British Chamber of Commerce

WI Board Member, Al Kaylani is the newest board member of the ABCC in London, after being formally nominated by the Palestinian Chamber of Commerce on December 5.

Al Kaylani will look to help the ABCC continue to enhance Arab British trade and business ties, while also pushing to improve the economic and social environment in the Palestinian territories.

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EWI Leaders Interview: William “Bill” Ide A conversation with EWI Executive Committee Chairman Bill Ide, chairman of The Conference Board Governance Center and Avisory Board and partner in the Atlanta office of McKenna Long & Aldridge, an international law firm.

Your work with building the Rule of Law in Eastern Europe began with the end of the Cold War. What has been achieved since then, and given the situation with Russia today, what remains to be done? Our idea at the American Bar was to take a Marshall Plan concept into former Soviet Bloc countries and help them build legal systems. But there you’re dealing with an entirely different system in place. In Western Civilization, we feel strongly about the Rule of Law—that nobody is above it—but there is another concept, Rule by Law, in which a dictatorship, for instance, is the law. It’s very hard for the people who were raised with the corruption of the Soviet system to turn that around. But you can do a lot of good even working

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under Rule by Law to help people respond to questions of collective society with more fairness. So even when there are political issues that are insurmountable, such as the way Putin is exerting himself right now, you can still improve the delivery of every day justice in an oppressive society. It was easier with Central and Eastern Europe because they had a history with the development of the tenets of European legal principles. The Balkans was harder, after so many centuries of distrust. But we feel good; there are many people who worked for our programs that are now in leadership positions. And that is what you try to do. You work for the people that are coming along, the dreamers.

Regardless of overriding political considerations— like nationalism—that make it difficult to build Rule of Law, there is still good work that can be done every day. The goal is to rally good people to constantly push against self-interest and corruption that deter justice. You have stated that lawyers can lead the charge toward global cooperation. What actions can those in your profession take in order to bring this about? Our job as lawyers is to ensure systems are in place where people are treated fairly. We agree that the system needs to be fair, transparent and uncorrupt, but the question is how to set up this framework, make it work and keep it independent.

Doctors have done a great job with Doctors’ Without Borders. This is the kind of collective work that is also the higher calling of lawyers. With the American Bar, I went to Ghana to meet with its bar, court and executive branch, speaking about the critical rights of functioning societies—like freedom of speech and assembly. There needs to be a lot of convening, helping those places that don’t have the systems or the infrastructure. Ghana’s law library didn’t even have books, so we worked to send books in. When conflict in the Balkans settled down, we sent in judges to help set up a system. What is EWI’s most important asset to offer in solving the many crises in our world today? Our critical asset is

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the ability to convene those in conflict with the understanding that EWI is an honest broker. EWI builds bridges and offers valuable insights to help each side see what the other is seeing. It is an art form. EWI is in the process of defining its role after the passing of its founder and CEO John Mroz. What do you most hope to see result from this process? His loss is a tragedy, but he touched many lives. They will carry forth John’s dream for world peace. My hope is that the wonderful people that he inspired will rise to www.ewi.info

the occasion and take his legacy to a higher level. John left a wonderful legacy, a unique vision that is clearly needed now, when you look at areas such as Russia and the Middle East. You have served for a great diversity of institutions. Which role have you found most particularly rewarding? They were all rewarding in their own ways, but my time as president of the American Bar stands out. I was able to focus on the issues of helping people systematically get justice; for instance, helping set up legal aid for the poor. When you think about

your purpose in life, you are driven to do things like working with EastWest. When one has been blessed with prosperity, it is wonderful to have an EWI where one can seek to give back and help the less fortunate. You received your BA in American History. What fascinates you most about the subject? There are so many wonderful things in American history but there are three eras that I am madly in love with: Lincoln, FDR and the Constitutional Convention. The Constitutional Convention began the formation

of something very special—our country’s formula for a collective society. Lincoln faced the greatest crisis our country has ever had, and he was so inspirational in his language and fortitude. His second inauguration is a work of art in seeking to reunite the country. There was a lot of thirst for blood, but he responded with a call for unity. FDR dealt with tremendous pressures— in leading us out of the Depression and seeing that we did not succumb to isolationism. He overcame what appeared to be the insoluble threats of the Depression and Isolationism in bold and inspirational ways. EWI Highlights | WINTER 2015

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Coming Up May 13-15, Berlin Spring Board Meeting

February 6-8, Munich Munich Security Conference

March 2-6, New York and Washington, D.C. U.S.-Russia Working Group on Afghan Narcotrafficking

EastWest Institute New York Center 11 East 26th Street, 20th Floor New York, NY 10010 U.S.A.

EWI Highlights | WINTER 2015