ABO PRACTICE EXAM 2024/2025

ABO PRACTICE EXAM A 5 years old walks to your optical dispensary. You notice that when he wants to look to the frames his right eye turns in. What is the problem?

A. He has exophoria B. He has esophoria C. He has exotropia D. He has esotropia - ✅He has esophoria A customer complains that his old glasses have better visual acuity than the new glasses (same RX). What should the optician do?

A. Return the customer to the refractionist B. Remake the lenses C. Check the base curve D. Put the old lenses in a new frame - ✅Check the base curve A frame fits perfectly on your patient. The temples, bridge, and pads are fine, but the frame sits high. You should select a frame with a bridge that is: A. Wider B. Narrower C. Higher D. Lower - ✅Wider A frame material which is excellent for people with an active lifestyle because of its flexibility and impact resistance; A. Cellulose acetate B. Titanium C. Nylon - ✅Nylon A lens which reads +3.00 -2.00 x 90 is decentered 6mm too much. How much prismatic effect will wearer experience?

A. 1.8^ B. 0.6^ C. 3.0^ D. 1.2^ - ✅0.6^ A Number 3 tint absorbs A. 80% of the light entering the lens

B. 50% of the light entering the lens C. 60% of the light entering the lens D. 33.3% of the light entering the lens - ✅80% of the light entering the lens A patient brings the following Rx to you. What would you do?

Rx: OD -2.00 -1.00 x 180 OS -1.00 +1.00 x 180 A. After transposing the OS, you order the lenses B. After transposing the OD, you order the lenses C. You order the lenses the way they are.

D. You will call the refractionist - ✅You will call the refractionist A patient comes back to the optician complaining of pain behind the ears, possible cause are: A. Temple tension too great B. Uneven pressure C. Temple endpieces angled in too much D. All of the above - ✅All of the above A patient's best point of focus is 10". What lens would he need to see 20/20?

A. -10.00D B. +4.00D C. -2.00D D. -4.00D - ✅-4.00D D=1/0.254m=3.94---4.00D A patient's distance Rx is: OU -3.50 -1.50 x 180 and the reading Rx is: OU -1.25 -1.50 x 180. He has problem seeing small prints and asks for a stronger reading glasses. Also he wants the new pair to be a bifocal. What ADD would you order for him?

A. -2.25D B. -2.75D C. +2.75D D. +2.25D - ✅+2.75D A patient's PD is 68/64. How much is the segment inset?

A. 4mm B. 2mm C. There is not enough information to answer this question. - ✅2mm (Maybe 1/2 distance between DPD and NPD)

A polariscope is used to check inserted lenses for: A. Sphere power B. Cylinder power C. Axis D. Strain - ✅Strain An error in standard alignment where, when viewed from the front, one lens appears to be somewhat higher than the other, is called A. X-ing B. lenses out of coplanar alignment C. lenses out of vertical alignment D. lenses out of horizontal alignment - ✅lenses out of horizontal alignment An ophthalmic correction for an ametropia is to focus parallel incident light rays at the: A. Near point of the eye B. Far point of the eye C. Focal point of the eye - ✅Far point of the eye An Rx OD requires 1.5mm decentration out and 2mm seg inset. Total inset of the segment would be: A. 3.5mm In B. 1.5mm Out C. 2mm In D. 0.5mm In - ✅0.5mm In Besides accommodation, the crystalline lens: A. focuses on distance objects B. corrects weak astigmatism C. filters the aqueous D. filters ultraviolet radiation - ✅Filters ultraviolet radiation Calculate the image jump for the following bifocal lens: -2.00 -1.00 x 80 ADD 2.50 Seg style is Round 22 A. 2.50^ B. 2.75^ C. 1.50^ - ✅2.75^ Image Jump = Add power X dec /10

Exophoria means: A. the eye turns IN all the time.

B. the eye turns OUT all the time C. the eye turns IN occasionally D. the eye turns OUT occasionally - ✅the eye turns OUT occasionally For a high minus Rx, which of the following will improve the appearance of the glasses?

1. high index plastic 2. steep base curve 3. a frame with a small ED 4. less decentration A. 1 and 2 B. 1 and 3 C. 1,3, and 4 D. 1,2,3, and 4 - ✅1,3, and 4 For every 2 degrees of pantoscopic tilt the optical center should be: A. Raised 0.5mm B. Raised 1mm C. Lowered 1mm D. Lowered 0.5mm - ✅Lowered 1mm For every one diopter increase in the base curve, vertex distance A. Increases approximately 0.6mm B. decreases approximately 0.6mm C. increases approximately 1mm D. decreases approximately 1mm - ✅increases approximately 0.6mm Higher the refractive index: A. The better the absorption of uv radiation B. The worse the absorption of UV radiation C. None of the above - ✅The better the absorption of UV radiation How long should a prescription of a patient be kept?

A. 1 year B. 2 years C. 3 years D. As long as possible - ✅3 years

How many recti muscles do we have?

A. 4 B. 6 C. 2 D. None - ✅4 If a bifocal lens has an inset of 1mm and a seg inset of 2.5mm, what is the total inset?

A. 1.5mm B. 2.5mm C. 3.5mm - ✅3.5mm If both nosepads press the nose or indent too much, what is probably not a possible cause?

A. Pads too small for frame weight B. Temple spread is not even C. Pads too close together D. Temple tension too great - ✅Temple spread is not even If the frame is crooked with the right side higher than the left, which is not a possible cause?

A. The left ear is lower than the right B. The right temple is too short C. The pantoscopic tilt of the right side needs to be decreased.

D. The pantoscopic tilt of the right side needs to be increased - ✅The pantoscopic tilt of the right side needs to be increased If the right temple is angled out, this adjustment will: A. Bring the right side of the front toward the right eye B. Push the right side of the front away from the right eye C. Raise the right side of the front D. Lower the right side of the front - ✅Bring the right side of the front toward the right eye If the wearer complains of the bifocal line being somewhat in his way when driving, the problem may be alleviated by decreasing the distance between pads.

True or False - ✅False If the wearer complains that the glasses feel snug but still slip down the nose, one likely cause is that:

A. The frame is too small B. The bridge fit is tight C. Pressure is being applied by the temple shafts anterior to the ear.

D. Pressure is being applied on the very tips of the temples. - ✅Pressure is being applied by the temple shafts anterior to the ear If you didn't adjust the eye piece on the lensometer and the power drum reads +0.25 when the target lines are clear and focused. What do you expect the true readings for this pair of glasses be? O.D. -1.75 OS +1.75 A. -1.50, +2.00 B. -1.75, +1.75 C. -1.75, +2.00 D. -1.50, +1.75 - ✅-1.50, +2.00 In order to move a frame closer to a patient's face: A. decrease the face form B. narrow the adjustable pads C. increase the effective length of the guard arm D. widen the adjustable pads - ✅Widen the adjustable pads In order to raise a frame higher on a patient's face: A. narrow the bridge B. bend the guard arms down C. narrow the distance between the adjustable pads D. all of the above - ✅All of the above In which of the following multifocal styles is it more difficult to fabricate both distance and near PD's accurately?

A. FT 35 B. CT 28 C. RD 22 D. Executive - ✅Executive It is unnecessary to use heat in adjusting a zyl frame when: A. Bending the endpieces B. Changing the bridge area C. Bending the temple earpiece D. Changing the pantoscopic angle - ✅Changing the pantoscopic angle Magnesium Fluoride is a chemical used for:

A. Reducing the glare B. Reducing the reflection C. Scratch resistant D. Impact resistance - ✅Reducing the reflection OU +11.00 -1.00 x 90 ADD 3.00 This is an aphakic patient. He wants a separate sunglasses just for golf. What would you recommend?

A. a low fitting FT 28 B. RD segment high fitted C. A trifocal D. Just a SV and tell him to slide the glasses down the nose to see near. - ✅Just a SV and tell him to slide the glasses down the nose to see near Photochronic lenses will be darkest on which day?

A. Warm bright B. Cold bright C. Cloudy warm D. Cloudy cold - ✅Cold bright Round segment should be ordered........... then FT segs.

A. Lower B. Higher C. The same - ✅Higher Rx of a patient is: OD +4.00 +1.00 x 45 OS +6.00 +2.00 x 80 He chooses a new frame. You take the PD and that is 72/68. You check his old glasses.

The Rx is OD +4.50 +1.00 x 35 OS +6.75 +2.00 x 90 and the MPD is 65. There is no mention of PPD in the new Rx and the patient has no complain. What would you do?

A. Fill up the order form with the new PD (72) and order the lenses B. Tell the patient to come back another day for checking the PD C. Fill up the order form with the previous PD (65) and order the lenses - ✅Fill up the order form with the previous PD (65) and order the lenses Rx: O.D. +2.00 +2.00 x 90 O.S. +3.00 +3.00 x 180: The tolerance of the cylinder axis of the right lens is: A. 4 degrees B. 5 degrees C. 3 degrees D. 2 degrees - ✅2 degrees

Rx: OD -4.50 4BD OD -5.00 2BO Which of the following is a usual way of ordering the lenses?

A. OU -4.50 4BD and 2BO B. OD -4.50 2BD 1BO OS -5.00 2BU 1BO C. OD -4.50 4BD OS -5.00 2BO D. OD -4.50 2BD 1BO OS -5.00 2BD 1BO - ✅OD -4.50 2BD 1BO OS -5.00 2BU 1BO Rx: OD +2.00 +4.00 x 45 OS +3.00 +1.00 x 90 A=52 DBL=18 PPD=66 The lab decenters the lenses the wrong way. The prism imbalance will be: A. 1.6 prism diopter B. 3.2 prism diopter C. 1 prism diopter D. 2 prism diopter - ✅3.2 diopter Select the correct decentration and MBS for a SV distance glasses for this patient. A=52 B=50 DBL=16 ED=53 PPD=70/67 OCHT=22 A. 1mm IN, 3mm UP, MBS 55 B. 1mm OUT, 3mm UP, MBS 55 C. 1mm OUT, 3mm DN, MBS 59 D. 1mm OUT, 3mm DN, MBS 55 - ✅1mm OUT, 3mm DN, MBS 59 (forgot to use largest decentration) The base curve of a lens is +6.00, the cross curve is +8.00, and the sphere curve is 5.00. What is the Rx of this lens?

A. +6.00 -5.00 x......

B. -1.00 -3.00 x......

C. +1.00 +3.00 x.....

D. +1.00 +2.00 x.... - ✅+1.00 +2.00 x.....

The best way to heat nylon frames is by using: A. Hot air B. Hot water C. Sand - ✅Hot water The causes of unequal vertex distance are 1. unequal temple spread 2. one side of wearer head is wider than the other side 3. bowed temple

A. 1 only B. 2 only C. 1,2 and 3 - ✅1,2, and 3 The fitting triangle is the connection of 3 points which pressure may be exerted. The points are A. The crest of the nose and the sides of the head just past the roots of the ears B. The crest of the nose and the sides of the head just above the roots of the ears C. The crest of the nose and the sides of the head just infront of the roots of the ears ✅The crest of the nose and the sides of the head just above the roots of the ears The instrument that can help you determine a heat tempered glass lens is: A. a radiuscope B. a vertometer C. a polariscope D. a lens clock - ✅a polariscope The larger the frame difference --------- the lens shape A. Rounder B. More squared off C. Narrower D. Wider - ✅Narrower (Frame Difference=A-B) The lens clock may also be used to check: A. lens thickness B. Slab off C. PD decentration - ✅Slab off The main reason for the use of lenticular lenses for high powers would be: A. Cosmetic reasons B. They have more plus power C. They have more minus power D. They are lighter in weight E. They are less expensive - ✅They are lighter in weight The monocular PD measurement is recommended for 1. progressive 2. high index

3. facial asymmetry 4. CR-39 lenses A. 1 only B. 1 and 2 C. 1,2, and 3 D. 1,2,3 and 4 - ✅1,2, and 3 The MRP of a progressive lens is: A. at the fitting cross B. 2 to 4 mm to the right of the fitting cross C. 2 to 4 mm below the fitting cross D. 2 to 4 mm to the left of the fitting cross - ✅2 to 4 mm below the fitting cross The optician has just neutralized an unknown power lens with test lenses. The test lens used to neutralize the power in the vertical is +1.00D and the test lens used to neutralize the power in the horizontal is a +1.50D. What is the Rx of this lens? (Note: these test lenses were used alone for each meridian, not superimposed. Using test lenses is another way to neutralize the lens power and can be used instead of the lensometer.)

A. -1.50 +0.50 x 90 B. +1.50 -0.50 x 180 C. -1.00 -0.50 x 90 D. +1.00 +0.50 x 90 - ✅-1.00 -0.50 x 90 The pantoscopic tilt can be increased up to: A. 2 to 4 degrees B. 1 degree C. 8 to 10 degrees D. 18 degrees - ✅18 degrees The power of a bifocal add is the difference between: A. The front vertex measurement of distance and near B. The back vertex measurement of distance and near C. The front vertex distance and back vertex near D. The vertex measurement of distance and near on the segment surface. - ✅The front vertex measurement of distance and near The segment depth in a FT 28 is 18mm. Where is the optic center of the segment.

A. 5mm below the seg line B. 4mm below the seg line

C. 2mm below the seg line - ✅4mm below the seg line The smaller the radius the: A. Shorter the focal length B. Longer the focal length C. Less the power - ✅Shorter the focal length (Because creates more power and therefor shorter focal length) The standard distance between the segments in double segment multifocals in most cases is A. 10 to 12 mm B. 13 to 14 mm C. 14 to 15 mm D. 15 to 16 mm - ✅13 to 14mm The steps for "finishing" a lens (in correct order) are: A. Centeration, Spotting, Calculation, Blocking, Edging B. Edging, Centeration, Blocking, Spotting C. Calculation, Spotting, Centeration, Blocking, Edging - ✅Calculation, Spotting, Centeration, Blocking, Edging The type of patient often bothered by specular images is: A. The presbyopic patient B. The hyperopic patient C. The myopic patient D. One over 65 - ✅The myopic patient This frame material shrinks as heat is applied; A. Polyamide B. Optyl C. Cellulose acetate - ✅Polyamide This trifocal is for a computer programmer: A. FT 8 x 35 B. Executive trifocal C. CRT trifocal - ✅CRT trifocal

(CRT trifocal = special franklin with extra deep intermediate area for wider deeper midrange reading area.)

To check temple parallelism, use A. four point touch test B. flat surface tough test - ✅flat surface touch test To correct Esophoria patient needs: A. BI prism B. BO prism C. BU prism D. BD prism - ✅BO prism To eliminate a gap between the lens and a metal eyewire, the best alternative is to: A. Place a strip of lens liner at a point exactly opposite the gap B. Place a strip of lens liner in the gap area C. Heat the lens in the frame and allow it to cool at room temperature D. None of the above methods are satisfactory E. All of the above methods are satisfactory - ✅Place a strip of lens liner at a point exactly opposite the gap To lengthen a face, A. choose a high temple B. choose a low temple C. choose a low bridge D. choose an adjusting nose pads - ✅choose a high temple Usual reading level is considered to be ------- mm below A. 6mm B. 8mm C. 11mm D. 1mm - ✅8mm Usually the add power is indicated at the......... and the logo of the manufacturer is at the ....... side 4mm below the symbols of the progressive lenses.

A. Temporal Nasal B. Nasal Temporal C. There is no set rule D. Above MRP Below MRP - ✅Nasal Temporal

What base curve do you recommend for this Rx: -10.00 -1.00 x 180?

A. +8.00D B. +12.00D C. -2.00D D. Plano - ✅Plano What base curve is suitable for this Rx: -4.00 -1.00 x 90?

A. +2.00D B. +5.00D C. Plano D. +8.00D - ✅+8.00D What is polariscope or colmascope for?

1. to check the heat treated glass lenses 2. to check the lens strain 3. to check the lens warpage A. 1 only B. 1 and 2 C. 2 and 3 D. 1, 2, and 3 - ✅1 and 2

(lens warpage is checked by a lens clock because it will read cylinder on the base curve) What is the final step in fitting a frame to a patient?

A. Aligning the frame vertically B. Aligning the frame horizontally C. Adjusting the pantoscopic tilt D. Adjusting the temples - ✅Adjusting the temples What type of frame may be heated until it bends under its own weight?

A. Zyle B. Optyl C. Nylon D. None of the above - ✅Optyl What type of prismatic effect is easiest to tolerate at the near point?

A. BI

B. BO C. BU D. BD - ✅BI What would you recommend to a presbyopic pilot?

A. FT 35 B. Executive C. Double D D. 2 single vision glasses - ✅Double D What would you recommend to an aphakic patient?

A. AR coating B. Polarized lenses C. UV protection D. Mirror surface sun glasses - ✅UV protection When a progressive wearer complains of narrow reading area, what would you do?

A. Increase vertex distance B. Decrease vertex distance C. Reorder the lenses D. Recommend a wide segment bifocal - ✅Decrease vertex distance When aphakic lenses are tilted too much pantoscopically, what can be expected to occur?

A. Bifocal seg will be too high B. No change will occur C. An error of refractive power is induced D. vertical imbalance will occur - ✅An error of refractive power is induced When does Medicare pay for cataract surgery?

A. When the VA is 20/50 or less B. When the VA is 20/20 or less C. When the VA is 20/100 or less - ✅When the VA is 20/50 or less When the frame front is tested for four point tough, but only touches on the two temporal sides, the frame -------A. is skewed B. has face form C. is out of coplanar alignment D. has X ing

E. none of the above - ✅Has face form When you are ordering UV protection, AR coating, tinting, and scratch-resistant coating which one is the last coating?

A. UV B. AR C. Scratch-resistant D. Tint - ✅AR Which is the most favorable alternative to a 50/20 frame for measuring bifocal height when that particular size is not available?

A. 52/18 B. 50/18 C. 48/20 D. 50/22 - ✅48/20 (would want bridge to stay the same) Which of the following errors will not be detected by a four point touch test?

A. X-ing B. Excess face form C. Skewing D. All of the above can be detected using a four point touch - ✅Skewing Which of the following frame material should be soaked overnight periodically?

A. Optyl B. Polyamide C. Nylon - ✅Nylon Which of the following is recommended for children's bridge?

A. Saddle B. Keyhole C. Adjustable pads D. Golden gate - ✅Keyhole Which of the following lens material has the highest Abbe number?

A. CR-39 B. Polycarbonate C. Flint glass - ✅CR-39

Which of the following multifocal lens styles is not an occupational lens?

A. CRT 14 X 35 B. ED 8 X 25 C. ED 13 X 25 - ✅ED 8 X 25 Which of the following statements regarding CR-39 lenses is not correct?

A. They are light B. They are thinner than glass lenses C. They scratch easily D. They are tintable - ✅They are thinner than glass lenses Which PD do we use to calculate horizontal decentration for a bifocal?

A. Near PD B. Distance PD C. PPD - ✅Near PD Within the first few minutes of contact with a new customer you must: A. Find out if the customer has a new prescription B. Generate in the customer confidence in your ability C. Commence your "selling conversation" D. Inquire as to the budget available - ✅Generate in the customer confidence in your ability You are verifying the following FT 28 bifocal spectacles with the Rx of: OU +6.00 -1.00 x 45 ADD 2.50 The distance Rx is OK but the ADD is 2.75. What would you do?

A. Call the doctor and ask his approval to give the spectacles to the patient B. Send the glasses back to the lab for re-do because of ANSI C. Give to the patient because it is only off 0.25 and patient can get used to it.

D. Check the Rx again from the inside (FVP) - ✅Check the Rx again from the inside (FVP)